Blend Labs, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q3
Blend Labs, Inc. (BLND)
10-Q
2025-11-06
For: 2025-09-30
View Original
Added on
April 10, 2026
About this 10-Q
Blend Labs, Inc filed this 10-Q on November 6, 2025, covering the quarter ended September 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended September 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $32.86M
- down 0.7% from $33.1M a year earlier
- Net income
- $12.53M
- compared with a net loss of $2.45M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $0.02
- compared with -$0.03 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For transition period from to
Commission File Number 001-40599
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |||||||
(650 ) 550-4810
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | ☒ | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 31, 2025, there were 256,119,535 shares of the registrant's Class A common stock outstanding, 3,627,385 shares of the registrant's Class B common stock outstanding, and no shares of the registrant's Class C common stock outstanding.
1
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||||||
2
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “would,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:
•the impact of changes in economic conditions, including tariffs, trade relations or a potential economic downturn in the U.S. or worldwide, on the levels of real estate and mortgage activity, such as mortgage interest rates, credit availability, real estate prices, inflation, and consumer confidence, and our expectations with regard to mortgage activity;
•our future financial performance, including our expectations regarding our revenue, cost of revenue, operating expenses, operating margin and plans for future operations, expense reductions and costs savings, our ability to determine reserves, and our ability to achieve and maintain future profitability;
•our strategic initiatives, including our decision to exit our Title business, and our beliefs and expectations regarding the impact of the strategic initiatives on our business;
•our market position, growth opportunities and our ability to successfully execute our business and growth strategy;
•the sufficiency of our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities to meet our liquidity needs;
•our expectations regarding our share repurchase program;
•the demand for our products and services;
•our ability to increase our transaction volume and to attract and retain customers;
•our ability to integrate more marketplaces into our end-to-end consumer journeys;
•our ability to develop new products, services, and features and bring them to market in a timely manner;
•our ability to make enhancements to our current products;
•our ability to compete with existing and new competitors in existing and new markets and offerings;
•our ability to maintain the security and availability of our platform;
•our expectations regarding the effects of existing and developing laws and regulations, including with respect to taxation, privacy, information security, artificial intelligence, and data protection;
•our ability to manage risk associated with our business;
•our expectations regarding new and evolving markets;
•our ability to develop and protect our brand and reputation;
•our expectations and management of future growth;
•our expectations concerning relationships with third parties;
•our ability to attract and retain employees and key personnel;
•our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our intellectual property; and
•the increased expenses associated with being a public company.
We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
3
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our Risk Factors are not guarantees that no such conditions exist as of the date of this report and should not be interpreted as an affirmative statement that such risks or conditions have not materialized, in whole or in part. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We cannot assure you that the results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
4
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Blend Labs, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Marketable securities and other investments | ||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables, net of allowance for credit losses of $ | ||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||||||||
| Current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred contract costs | ||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | ||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities, redeemable equity and stockholders’ equity | ||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued compensation | ||||||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Non-current liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) | ||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest - held for sale from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||
Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value $ | ||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||||||||
Class A, Class B and Class C Common Stock, par value $ | ||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities, redeemable equity and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
1
Blend Labs, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from discontinued operations (Note 16) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest included in discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value from discontinued operations | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. common stockholders | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. common stockholders: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. common stockholders | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Diluted: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. common stockholders | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares used in calculating net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest included in discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc. | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
2
Blend Labs, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest, Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - held for sale from discontinued operations | Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification of noncontrolling interest to equity, net of noncash consideration received | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
3
Blend Labs, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest, Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - held for sale from discontinued operations | Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, net of repurchases | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vesting of early exercised stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, net of repurchases | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of early exercised stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of the Warrant in connection with the Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, net of repurchases | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of early exercised stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares withheld related to net share settlement of equity awards | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on investments in marketable securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
4
Blend Labs, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||
| Less: Net loss from discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred contract costs | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Accelerated amortization of right-of-use asset in connection with lease abandonment | |||||||||||||||||
| Gain on investment in equity securities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | |||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of insurance business | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Trade and other receivables | |||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets, current and non-current | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Deferred contract costs, non-current | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Accrued compensation | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities, current and non-current | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities - continuing operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities - discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Investing activities | |||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of marketable securities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Sale of available-for-sale securities | |||||||||||||||||
| Maturities of marketable securities | |||||||||||||||||
| Additions to property, equipment and internal-use software development costs | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of insurance business | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment in non-marketable equity securities | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by investing activities - continuing operations | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by investing activities | |||||||||||||||||
| Financing activities | |||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from exercises of stock options, including early exercises, net of repurchases | |||||||||||||||||
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from the issuance of the Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock and the Haveli Warrant | |||||||||||||||||
| Payment for issuance costs related to the Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock and the Haveli Warrant | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities - continuing operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash included in current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period, excluding current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash within the condensed consolidated balance sheets: | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification of redeemable noncontrolling interest related to discontinued operations to equity | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Vesting of early exercised stock options | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining new or modified right-of-use assets | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation included in capitalized internal-use software development costs | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest related to discontinued operations to redemption value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Accretion of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Covered Warrant received in connection with strategic partnership and sale of insurance business | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Accrual of transaction costs incurred in connection with sale of insurance business | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Capitalized internal-use software development costs included in accrued compensation | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
5
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Description of Business
Blend Labs, Inc. (the “Company,” “Blend,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) was incorporated on April 17, 2012. The Company offers a cloud-based software platform for financial services firms that is designed to power the end-to-end consumer journey for banking products. The Company’s solutions make the journey from application to close fast, simple, and transparent for consumers, while helping financial services firms increase productivity, deepen customer relationships, and deliver exceptional consumer experiences.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of Blend Labs, Inc., its subsidiaries in which the Company holds a controlling financial interest, and variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which the Company is the primary beneficiary in accordance with the consolidation accounting guidance.
Noncontrolling interest represents the minority stockholder’s share of the net income or loss and equity in a consolidated subsidiary. On February 26, 2025, the Company obtained the remaining interest previously held by the minority stockholder thereby extinguishing the noncontrolling interest.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
During the first quarter of 2025, the Company classified the results of its previously reported Title segment as discontinued operations in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. As a result, the Company’s operates in a single reportable segment. For further information on the Company’s segments, refer to Note 15, Segment Information, and Note 16, Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations.
Prior period information has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make, on an ongoing basis, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, estimates of variable consideration, evaluation of contingencies, determination of the incremental borrowing rates used in calculations of lease liabilities, determination of fair value of stock-based compensation, determination of fair value of marketable securities, determination of fair value of each of the Series A Preferred Stock and the warrant (the “Haveli Warrant”), determination of fair values of assets transferred and performance obligations committed to under the strategic partnership agreement, assessment of expected credit losses on notes receivable, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of acquired intangible assets, valuation of the redeemable noncontrolling interest, determination of fair value of the disposal group, determination of useful lives of tangible and intangible assets and capitalized internal-use software development costs, assessment of impairment of long-lived assets, and valuation of equity securities without readily determinable fair value.
Risks and Uncertainties
The Company has been and may continue to be affected by various macroeconomic factors, including interest rate environment, housing affordability, and worldwide political and economic conditions. The global financial markets have recently experienced extreme volatility and disruptions, including diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, rising interest rates, inflation, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability. The real estate environment, including interest rates and the general economic environment, typically impacts the demand for mortgage and mortgage related products. The demand for mortgage and mortgage related products continues to be sensitive to these factors, and Federal Reserve policy or any material changes in interest rates or housing supply are expected to impact overall origination activity levels during the remainder of 2025. In addition, announcements of new or increased tariffs have contributed to market volatility and could potentially influence consumer confidence and interest rate expectations, which could, in turn, affect the demand for mortgage and consumer financial products.
6
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The Company’s operations are principally funded by available liquidity from cash, cash equivalents and investments. The Company has incurred net losses in each period since inception, and its limited operating history in an evolving industry makes it difficult to accurately forecast the impact of macroeconomic or other external factors on its business and may increase the risk that the Company may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future, or otherwise suffers adverse impacts on its operational and financial results.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Except for new policies relating to assets held for sale and discontinued operations, as well as share repurchases, there have been no significant changes to these policies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company places its cash with high credit quality and federally insured institutions. Cash with any one institution may be in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes the exposure to credit risk is not significant. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity date of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, cash and cash equivalents consisted of cash, money market accounts, and highly liquid investments with original maturities less than 90 days. The carrying amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the investments.
Restricted Cash
The Company has classified cash that is not available for use in its operations as restricted cash. Restricted cash consists primarily of collateral for letters of credit related to security deposits for the Company’s office facility lease arrangements. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had restricted cash of $5.0 5.0 million of collateral related to a letter of credit was released due to the end of the underlying lease arrangement as of September 30, 2025.
Trade and Other Receivables and Credit Loss Reserves
The Company reports trade and other receivables net of the allowance for credit losses, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. ASC 326 requires an entity to recognize an allowance that reflects the entity’s current estimate of credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the financial instrument. The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses is determined based on expected lifetime loss rates calculated from historical data and adjusted for the impact of current and future conditions, such as the age of outstanding receivables, historical payment patterns, any known or expected changes to the customers’ ability to fulfill their payment obligations, or assessment of broader economic conditions that may impact the customers’ ability to pay the outstanding balances. As of each of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the reserve for expected credit losses was immaterial immaterial
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - Held for Sale from Discontinued Operations
The Company’s 90.1 % ownership of Title365 resulted in recognition of a 9.9 % noncontrolling interest, which represented the minority stockholder’s share of the net income and equity in Title365. The Title365 stockholders agreement included a provision whereby the Company had a call option to purchase the 9.9 % noncontrolling interest at a purchase price equal to the greater of (1) $49.5 million plus an amount of interest calculated using an interest rate of 5.0 % per annum compounding annually; or (2) 4.4 multiplied by the trailing 12 -month EBITDA multiplied by the noncontrolling interest ownership percentage (the “Title365 Call Option”). The Title365 Call Option became exercisable on June 30, 2023. The noncontrolling interest holder also held an option to compel the Company to purchase the remaining 9.9 % noncontrolling interest at a price calculated in the same manner as the Title365 Call Option (the “Title365 Put Option”). The Title365 Put Option was exercisable beginning 5 years following the acquisition closing date. Neither the Title365 Call Option nor the Title365 Put Option had an expiration date. However, pursuant to the Title365 stockholders agreement, the Company also had certain bring-
7
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
along rights that it could exercise under certain circumstances, which may have resulted in the Title365 Put Option being extinguished. As the Title365 Put Option was not solely within the Company’s control, the Company classified this interest as redeemable noncontrolling interest (“RNCI”) within the mezzanine equity section of the consolidated balance sheets. The RNCI was accreted to the redemption value under the interest method from the acquisition date through the date the Title365 Put Option became exercisable. At each balance sheet date, the RNCI was reported at the greater of the initial carrying amount adjusted for the RNCI's share of earnings or losses and other comprehensive income or loss, or its accreted redemption value. The changes in the redemption amount were recorded with corresponding adjustments against retained earnings or, in the absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in-capital. For each reporting period, the entire periodic change in the redemption amount was reflected in the computation of net income (loss) per share under the two-class method as being akin to a dividend.
On February 26, 2025, the Company entered into a multi-contract arrangement (the “Arrangement”) with the holder of the 9.9 % noncontrolling interest in Title365 (the “Counterparty”), pursuant to which such holder assigned its 9.9 % noncontrolling interest to Title365, and terminated the Title365 stockholders agreement with the Company. The transaction resulted in the termination of the Company’s obligations associated with the Title365 Put Option, which had a redemption amount, as if it was then-currently redeemable, of $59.2 million and $58.7 million as of February 26, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In return, the Company terminated its non-compete and non-solicit agreement with the Counterparty, allowing the Counterparty to pursue business opportunities relating to the title insurance industry. Furthermore, in conjunction with the Arrangement, the Company and the Counterparty executed an amendment to an existing revenue subscription arrangement, whereby the Counterparty committed to a certain minimum amount of consideration for access to the Company’s platform, updated pricing, and an extension of the existing arrangement’s contractual term.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entity
The Company has variable interest in an entity that provides certain back office support services to the Company using a cost-plus pricing model. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability, each in the amount of $1.5
Share repurchases
All repurchased shares under the share repurchase program are retired. The retired shares are equivalent to authorized, unissued shares and are no longer considered to be outstanding or held in treasury. The excess purchase price over par value for share repurchases is recorded to additional paid-in-capital.
8
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
The Company classifies assets and liabilities as held for sale (“disposal group”) when management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal group, the sale is probable to be completed within one year, and the disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition. The Company also considers whether an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated, whether the disposal group is marketed actively for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, and whether actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn. The Company measures a disposal group that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. With the exception of the full impairment of the intangible assets in the amount of $2.0 million, as disclosed in Note 16, Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, there was no loss recognized related to the disposal group for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. Gains are not recognized until the date of sale. Assets are not depreciated or amortized while they are classified as held for sale. Upon determining that a disposal group meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, the Company reports the assets and liabilities of the disposal group as assets held for sale and liabilities held for sale in its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Significant Customers
The following customers comprised 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the following periods:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following customers comprised 10% or more of the Company’s trade and unbilled receivables:
Customer | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| B | ||||||||||||||
D | ||||||||||||||
E | ||||||||||||||
JOBS Act Accounting Election
As an emerging growth company (“EGC”), the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are applicable to private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). The Company intends to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act until such time as the Company is no longer considered to be an EGC. The adoption dates discussed below reflect this election.
9
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740). This update improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This update improves the disclosures about a public entity’s expenses, primarily through additional disclosures of specific information about certain costs and expenses in the notes to financial statements. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU No.2025-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326). This update affects the practical expedient and accounting policy election when estimating expected credit losses on current accounts receivables and current contract assets arising from transactions under Topic 606. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40). This update removes all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages throughout Subtopic 350-40. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.
3. Revenue Recognition and Contract Costs
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by service offering:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blend Platform: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage Suite | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer Banking Suite | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total software platform | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Contract Balances
The following table provides information about contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:
Contract Accounts | Balance Sheet Line Reference | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract assets—current | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities—current | Deferred revenue, current | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
10
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
There were no
During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $12.6 million and $8.6 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the respective periods. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $13.8 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the respective periods.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $0.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively, related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $1.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. The revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in the prior periods primarily related to changes in the transaction price, including changes in the estimate of variable consideration.
Remaining Performance Obligations
As of September 30, 2025, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations was $189.0 million. These remaining performance obligations represent commitments in customer contracts for services expected to be provided in the future that have not been recognized as revenue. The expected timing of revenue recognition for these commitments is largely driven by the Company’s ability to deliver in accordance with relevant contract terms and when the Company’s customers utilize services, which could affect the Company’s estimate of when the Company expects to recognize revenue for these remaining performance obligations. The Company expects to recognize approximately half of the remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months. The Company expects the majority of non-current remaining performance obligations to be recognized over the next 13 to 24 months.
Deferred Contract Costs
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, total unamortized deferred contract costs were $4.9 million and $4.2 million, respectively, of which $1.8 million and $1.3 million was recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets and $3.1 million and $2.9 million was recorded within deferred contract costs, non-current, on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The amortization of deferred contract costs was $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $1.2 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and is included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Strategic Partnership and Sale of Insurance Business
On September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a multi-element transaction with Covered Insurance Solutions which included a strategic partnership agreement as well as the sale of the Company’s insurance business. As part of the strategic partnership agreement, the Company granted a five-year term license allowing Covered Insurance Solutions to integrate its insurance solutions into the Company’s platform for an annual fixed fee plus variable charges. The Company has determined the term license is a performance obligation under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The deferred revenue liability related to the performance obligations recognized under the strategic partnership agreement was $1.0 million as of September 30, 2025.
11
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
4. Investments and Fair Value Measurements
The carrying amount, unrealized gain and loss, and fair value of investments by major security type were as follows:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gain | Fair Value | Fair Value Hierarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | — | $ | Level 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasury and agency securities | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total marketable securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash, current: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | — | Level 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gain | Fair Value | Fair Value Hierarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | — | $ | Level 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | — | Level 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasury and agency securities | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt securities | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total marketable securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash, current: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | — | Level 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash that is not available for use in operations consisted of $5.0
Marketable securities consist primarily of U.S. treasury and agency securities, commercial paper, and corporate debt securities. The Company classifies its marketable securities as available-for-sale securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification at each balance sheet date. The Company has classified its investments as current based on the nature of the investments and their availability for use in current operations.
The fair value of the Company’s investments in money market funds classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy is based on real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets. The fair value of the Company’s investments in commercial paper and marketable securities classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy is based on quoted market prices for similar instruments.
The following table summarizes the stated maturities of the Company’s marketable securities and other investments:
12
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||
| Due within one year | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Due after one year through two years | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total marketable securities and other investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||
The Company evaluates marketable securities in unrealized loss positions to determine whether the impairment is due to credit-related factors or other factors. The Company considers the extent to which the fair value is less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the security issuer, and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.
The Company does not have an intent to sell any of these securities prior to maturity and believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell any such securities before a recovery of cost. The fair value is expected to recover as the securities approach their maturity date. Accordingly, the Company believes that generally the unrealized losses are due to noncredit-related factors, including changes in interest rates and other market conditions, and therefore no impairment charges or allowance for credit losses have been recognized in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no no
The Company recognized interest income from its investment portfolio of $0.9 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $3.0 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Accrued interest receivable related to marketable securities is $0.2 million and $0.4 million, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is presented within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable and recognizes interest receivable write offs as a reversal of interest income. No accrued interest was written off during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
5. Significant Balance Sheet Components
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||
| Contract assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Deferred contract costs | ||||||||||||||
| Prepaid software | ||||||||||||||
| Prepaid insurance | ||||||||||||||
| Prepaid other | ||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | ||||||||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||||||||
| Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following:
13
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
| Computer and software | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Capitalized internal-use software | |||||||||||
| Total property and equipment, gross | |||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Depreciation expense was not 0.2 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Amortization of capitalized internal use software development costs was $1.0 million and $2.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Amortization of capitalized internal use software development costs was not
Other Non-Current Assets
Other non-current assets consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
Notes receivable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Investments in non-marketable equity securities | |||||||||||
Other non-current assets | |||||||||||
Total non-current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
Notes Receivable
In 2021, the Company made a $3.0 million investment in a privately-held company via a convertible promissory note (“2021 Note”). In 2023, the Company made an additional $2.5 million investment into the issuer via another convertible promissory note (“2023 Note”). In 2024, the Company made an additional $5.0 million investment into the issuer via a third convertible promissory note (“2024 Note”). Interest accrues at 2 4 % per annum for the 2024 Note, and outstanding principal and accrued interest is due and payable at the earliest of (i) 60 months from the execution of each note, respectively, (ii) an initial public offering, or (iii) change in control, unless otherwise converted to shares of the issuer. The outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest on the notes is convertible into 4,500,000 shares of the issuer’s Series Seed Preferred Stock, 2,192,308 shares of the issuer’s Series A Preferred Stock and 4,384,615 shares of the issuer’s Voting Series B Preferred Stock, respectively, at the option of the issuer, upon a change in control, upon the issuer’s initial public offering, or upon a qualified equity financing. The conversion options are not bifurcated from the promissory notes as the options do not meet the net settlement criteria of a derivative instrument due to the options not being readily convertible to cash. The Company also has a call option to merge the issuer with the Company for aggregate consideration of $1.0 billion if exercised prior to November 18, 2029 or 11 times the issuer’s last 12 months of aggregate gross revenue if exercised on or after November 18, 2029. The value of the call option was determined to be inconsequential.
At each reporting date, the Company evaluates the collectability of the notes receivable in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. As of September 30, 2025, the Company determined that no credit loss existed for the convertible promissory notes, and no provision for expected credit losses was recognized.
14
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Investments in Non-Marketable Equity Securities
The Company holds 103,611 shares of Series Growth 1a Preferred Stock received in exchange for an investment of cash in a privately-held company. This investment in the equity securities without readily determinable fair value is measured at cost, less impairment, if any, plus or minus observable price changes in orderly transactions of an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.
As of September 30, 2025, the carrying value of this investment was $26.4 million, inclusive of a cumulative upward adjustment of $23.9 million, of which $16.6 million was recognized as a gain in the three months ended September 30, 2025 to reflect observable price changes. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying value of the investment was $9.8 million, inclusive of a cumulative upward adjustment of $7.3 million, of which $4.4 million was recognized in 2024 to reflect observable price changes.
The Company determined the adjustment by measuring the security at fair value using the option pricing model (“OPM”) as of the date the observable transaction occurred. Observable transactions, such as the issuance of new equity by an investee, are indicators of investee enterprise value and are used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s investment in the equity security. An OPM is utilized to allocate value to the various classes of securities of the investee, including classes owned by the Company. Such information, available to the Company from the investee entity, is supplemented with the Company’s estimates such as volatility, expected time to liquidity and the rights and obligations of the securities the Company holds. The inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value of the Company’s non-marketable equity security are classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs.
The gain resulting from the adjustment to the carrying value of the non-marketable security is presented within other income (expense) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There were no impairments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
Cloud Computing Arrangements
The Company capitalizes certain implementation costs incurred during the application development stage under cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts. The carrying value of the capitalized costs was $0.2 0.1 million is presented within prepaid expenses and other current assets, and $0.1 million is presented within other non-current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for each period. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangement when it is ready for its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred.
15
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued professional fees | |||||||||||
| Accrued connectivity fees | |||||||||||
Accrued restructuring costs | |||||||||||
| Accrued litigation contingencies | |||||||||||
Other | $ | ||||||||||
| Total other current liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
Other Non-Current Liabilities
Other non-current liabilities consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
Operating lease liabilities, non-current | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
Total other non-current liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
6. Leases
The Company leases its facilities under non-cancelable operating leases with various expiration dates. Leases may contain escalating payments.
The Company’s total operating lease costs were $0.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company’s total operating lease costs were $1.7 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The Company’s total operating lease costs included variable costs in the amount of $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $1.2 million and $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Variable lease costs are primarily comprised of maintenance costs and are determined based on the actual costs incurred during the period. Variable lease payments are expensed in the period incurred and not included in the measurement of lease assets and liabilities.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining operating lease term was 4.3 years and 0.8 years, respectively. The weighted average discount rate used to estimate operating lease liabilities for leases that existed as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was 10.6 % and 6.8 %, respectively. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $1.0 3.1 million and $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
16
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
As of September 30, 2025, maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:
(In thousands) | ||||||||
| 2025 | $ | |||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||
| 2029 | ||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||
| Total lease payments | ||||||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | |||||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | |||||||
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Contingencies
From time to time and in the normal course of business, the Company may be subject to various legal matters, such as threatened or pending claims or proceedings. The litigation contingencies, if realized, could have a material negative impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The Company recognizes a provision for litigation losses when a contingent liability is probable and the amount thereof is estimable. Costs associated with the Company's involvement in legal proceedings are expensed as incurred. Amounts accrued for litigation contingencies are based on the Company’s best estimates, assessments of the likelihood of damages, and the advice of counsel and often result from a series of judgments about future events and uncertainties that rely heavily on estimates and assumptions, therefore the actual settlement amounts could differ from the estimated contingency accrual and result in additional charges or reversals in future periods.
Warranties, Indemnifications, and Contingent Obligations
The Company’s platform, products, and services are generally warranted to perform substantially as described in the associated documentation and to satisfy defined levels of uptime reliability. The service-level agreements that provide for defined levels of uptime reliability and performance permit the customers to receive credits or to terminate their agreements in the event that the Company fails to meet those levels. To date, the Company has not experienced any significant failures to meet defined levels of reliability and performance as a result of those agreements and historically the Company has not incurred any material costs associated with warranties. Accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liabilities related to these agreements in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company enters into indemnification provisions under (i) its agreements with other companies in the ordinary course of business, typically with business partners, contractors, customers, and landlords and (ii) its agreements with investors. Under these provisions, the Company generally indemnifies and holds harmless the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party as a result of the Company’s activities or, in some cases, as a result of the indemnified party’s activities under the agreement. These indemnification provisions often include indemnifications relating to representations made by the Company with regard to intellectual property rights. These indemnification provisions generally survive termination of the underlying agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. The Company has not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. Accordingly, the Company has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
The Company has agreed to indemnify its officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by its amended and restated bylaws and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware for certain events or occurrences arising as a result of the officers or directors serving in such capacity. The coverage applies only to acts that occurred during the tenure of the officer or director and has an unlimited term. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited.
17
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
8. Debt
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no
9. Redeemable Preferred Stock
On April 29, 2024, the Company entered into the Investment Agreement with Haveli and issued 150,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $150.0 million. The Company incurred $10.1 million of issuance costs. Net proceeds from the transaction in the amount of $139.9 million were used to repay in full the amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
Refer to Note 10, Redeemable Preferred Stock, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for further information regarding the various rights and liquidation preferences of the redeemable preferred stock.
The Series A Preferred Stock is not mandatorily redeemable and as such is not required to be classified as a liability. The Series A Preferred Stock is redeemable at the option of the holder starting with the 5-year anniversary of issuance, or redeemable upon notice of change of control. As the redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock is not solely within the Company’s control, it is classified as mezzanine equity in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As of September 30, 2025, the Series A Preferred Stock has a maximum redemption value of $300.0 million. The carrying value of the Series A Preferred Stock is accreted to its maximum redemption value over the seven year term, using the effective interest method. The increases in the redemption amount are recorded with corresponding adjustments against additional paid-in capital, in the absence of retained earnings. For each reporting period, the entire periodic change in the redemption amount is reflected in the computation of net income (loss) per share under the two-class method as being akin to a dividend, by reducing the income (or increasing the loss) attributable to common stockholders.
In connection with the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company issued the Haveli Warrant to Haveli to purchase up to 11,111,112 shares of Class A common stock, at a purchase price of $4.50 per share. The number of shares and exercise price are subject to anti-dilution adjustments for splits, dividends, capital reorganizations, reclassifications and similar transactions. The Haveli Warrant is exercisable for a period of 24 months from issuance, subject to the expiration or early termination of the applicable waiting period under the Hart Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended. The Haveli Warrant has not been exercised as of September 30, 2025. The net proceeds were allocated to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Haveli Warrant based on their relative fair values as of the issuance date, in the amount of $130.8 million and $9.1 million, respectively. The proceeds allocated to Haveli Warrant were accounted for as paid-in capital.
The Series A Preferred Stock does not contain any embedded features that are required to be bifurcated.
10. Stockholder’s Equity
The following is a summary of the rights of the holders of the Company’s capital stock:
Common Stock
The Company has three
Refer to Note 11, Stockholder’s Equity, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for further information regarding the various rights of the Company’s common stock.
Preferred Stock
Subject to the protective provisions afforded to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company’s board of directors has the authority to issue preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations, or restrictions, in each case without further vote or action by the Company’s stockholders. As of
18
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
September 30, 2025, the Company had 200,000,000 150,000
Share Repurchase Program
In August 2024, the Company's board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock. Repurchases may be made from time to time through open market repurchases or through privately negotiated transactions subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other relevant factors. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of its Class A common stock, and it may be suspended at any time at the Company’s discretion. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased may depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. The share repurchase program has no set expiration date.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company repurchased and retired 1,589,809 and 2,857,471 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock for $5.1 million and $9.2 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $15.8 million available to repurchase shares of Class A common stock under its share repurchase program.
11. Stock-Based Compensation
2012 Stock Option Plan
Effective May 1, 2012, the Company adopted the 2012 Stock Plan (the “2012 Plan”). Options granted under the 2012 Plan may be either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options (“ISOs”), within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) may be granted only to employees (including officers and directors). Non-qualified stock options (“NSOs”) may be granted to employees and consultants. The exercise price of ISOs and NSOs shall not be less than 100 % of the estimated fair value of the common shares on the date of grant, respectively, as determined by the Company’s board of directors. The exercise price of an ISO granted to a 10 % or greater stockholder shall not be less than 110 % of the estimated fair value of the common shares on the date of grant. Options generally vest over a period of four years . No further grants may be made under the 2012 Plan.
2021 Equity Incentive Plan
In July 2021, the Company’s board of directors adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved, the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), which became effective on July 14, 2021. The Company’s prior plan, 2012 Plan, was terminated immediately prior to the effectiveness of the 2021 Plan with respect to the grant of future awards.
The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of ISOs, to the Company’s employees and any parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees, and for the grant of NSOs, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and performance awards, including performance stock units (“PSUs”) to the Company’s employees, directors, and consultants and the Company’s parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees and consultants.
Subject to the adjustment provisions of and the automatic increase described in the 2021 Plan, a total of 23,000,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2021 Plan, plus 36,101,718 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2012 Plan. Subject to the adjustment provisions of the 2021 Plan, the number of shares available for issuance under the 2021 Plan also includes an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2022, equal to the least of (a) 34,500,000 shares of Class A common stock, (b) 5 % of the total number of shares of all classes of the Company’s common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (c) such other amount as the Company’s board of directors (or its committee) may determine. Options granted under the 2021 Plan generally vest over periods ranging from to four years .
19
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
A summary of the stock option activity is as follows:
Number of options | Weighted average exercise price | Weighted average remaining contractual life | Aggregate intrinsic value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | (In years) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Canceled and forfeited | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The number of options unvested as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was 914 and 1,552 , respectively. The weighted average grant-date fair value of these unvested options was $1.18 and $1.58 per share as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The total fair value of options vested during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The total fair value of options vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $1.3 million and $3.6 million, respectively.
The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $1.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $2.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
As of September 30, 2025, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for stock options was approximately $1.0 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years.
Restricted Stock Units
A summary of the Company’s RSU activity and related information is as follows:
Number of RSUs | Weighted average grant date fair value per share | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | $ | ||||||||||
| Vested | ( | $ | |||||||||
Forfeited | ( | $ | |||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
As of September 30, 2025, there was $25.9 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years. RSUs granted under the 2021 Plan generally vest quarterly over a period of to four years from the grant date.
The total fair value of RSUs vested during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $3.8 million and $4.3 million, respectively. The total fair value of RSUs vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $12.0 million and $14.0 million, respectively.
20
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Performance Stock Units
A summary of the Company’s PSU activity and related information is as follows:
Number of PSUs | Weighted average grant date fair value per share | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | $ | ||||||||||
| Vested | $ | ||||||||||
Forfeited | ( | $ | |||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
New PSUs
In the first quarter of 2025, the Company’s board of directors granted a total of 1,300,000 PSUs to a recently hired senior executive. On March 13, 2025, the Company’s board of directors granted a total of 4,200,000 PSUs to the Co-Founder and Head of Blend and 250,000 PSUs to another senior executive. The PSUs will vest in four tranches upon continued service and satisfaction of certain market-based performance targets related to the Company’s stock price hurdles.
Executive PSU Standardization
In 2023, the Company’s board of directors granted PSUs (the “2023 PSU Awards”) to two senior executives (the “legacy senior executives”), covering a total of 1,200,000 PSUs and 800,000 PSUs, respectively. The 2023 PSU Awards were scheduled to vest in four tranches upon continued service and satisfaction of certain market-based performance targets related to the Company’s stock price hurdles. In December 2024, the first performance target related to the Company’s stock price was satisfied and 25 % of the PSUs subject to each 2023 PSU Award vested.
On March 13, 2025, the Company’s compensation committee elected to standardize the performance goals applicable to all outstanding PSUs for the legacy senior executives so that the Company’s executives would have the same incentives and work towards the same objectives, thus creating a more cohesive and effective leadership team. In connection with this determination, the outstanding 2023 PSU Awards were cancelled and on the same date, the Company’s compensation committee granted new PSUs (the “New PSUs”) to each of the legacy senior executives, covering a total of 1,300,000 PSUs and 800,000 PSUs, respectively. The New PSUs are scheduled to vest in four tranches upon continued service and satisfaction of certain market-based performance targets related to the Company’s stock price hurdles. The cancellation and concurrent replacement of these awards was accounted for as a modification. As the modification relates to unvested awards, the Company will recognize, on a prospective basis over the remaining requisite service period, the incremental cost associated with the modified PSUs, inclusive of any previously unrecognized compensation cost for the original awards. As of the modification date, the total incremental cost associated with the modified PSUs was $2.8 million, which included $0.2 million of unrecognized compensation costs.
Subsequent to September 30, 2025, a total of 975,000 of the New PSUs were canceled and the remaining 325,000 were modified due to the departure of one of the legacy senior executives.
The estimated weighted-average grant date fair value of the awards issued during the first quarter of 2025 was $2.07 per share, which was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The significant assumptions in the Monte Carlo simulation model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of the Company’s stock price, and expected life of the award.
| Fair value of common stock | $ | ||||
| Remaining contractual term (years) | |||||
| Expected volatility | |||||
| Risk-free interest rate | |||||
| Expected dividend yield | |||||
21
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The total stock-based compensation expense recognized for PSUs for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $3.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The total stock-based compensation expense recognized for PSUs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $7.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
The total unrecognized compensation expense related to all PSUs was $9.3 million as of September 30, 2025, which will be recognized over an estimated weighted average remaining period of 1.2 years.
Non-Plan Co-Founder and Head of Blend Options
In March 2021, the Company’s board of directors granted to its Co-Founder and Head of Blend a stand-alone stock option issued outside of the 2012 Plan covering a maximum of 26,057,181 shares of Class B common stock with an exercise price of $8.58 per share. The award has a 15 -year term (subject to earlier termination when shares subject to the award are no longer eligible to vest) and vests upon the satisfaction of a service condition, liquidity event-related performance condition, and performance-based market conditions.
The terms of the award stipulated that if an IPO is completed within 15 months of the date of grant, the first tranche of 1,954,289 shares will vest. The remaining tranches of shares will vest dependent on performance goals tied to the Company’s stock price hurdles with specified expiration dates for each tranche. In July 2021, the first tranche of the Co-Founder and Head of Blend stock option award vested upon completion of the IPO.
The remaining tranches were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The weighted average estimated fair value of the remaining tranches was $3.80 per share based on the following assumptions:
| Fair value of common stock | $ | ||||
| Remaining contractual term (years) | |||||
| Expected volatility | |||||
| Risk-free interest rate | |||||
| Expected dividend yield | |||||
In three months ended March, 31 2025, the second tranche of the Co-Founder and Head of Blend stock option award expired, resulting in a forfeiture of 5,862,866 shares.
The total stock-based compensation expense recognized for this award for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $0.5 million and $1.5 million respectively. The total stock-based compensation expense recognized for this award for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $2.8 million and $4.4 million respectively.
The total unrecognized compensation expense related to the award was $5.3 million as of September 30, 2025, which will be recognized over an estimated weighted average remaining period of 2.8 years.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company’s stock-based compensation expense was as follows:
22
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1) Net of $0.6 million and $2.9 million of additions to capitalized internal-use software for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, and $0.8 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
12. Restructuring
Workforce Reduction Plans
In 2024, the Company executed two workforce reduction initiatives as part of its broader efforts to improve cost efficiency and better align its operating structure with its business activities. The execution of the January 2024 plan was completed in the second quarter of 2024 and the execution of the September 2024 plan was substantially completed in the fourth quarter of 2024.
In 2025, the Company established a new workforce reduction initiative (the “2025 Plan”), and through September 30, 2025, eliminated approximately 24 positions. The execution of the 2025 Plan is expected to be substantially completed in the fourth quarter of 2025.
The restructuring charges attributable to the workforce reduction plans were $0.1 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, and $0.8 million and $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The restructuring charges for workforce reduction plans consisted primarily of cash expenditures for compensation, severance, and transition payments, employee benefits, payroll taxes and related facilitation costs. The component classified as discontinued operations incurred an additional $0.1 million and $1.2 million in charges related to the 2025 plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Refer to Note 16, Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations.
Lease Termination and Abandonment
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to terminate one of its leases incurring a net $1.2 million restructuring charge primarily related to the early termination fee, and abandoned another leased facility, incurring a $3.3 million restructuring charge primarily related to accelerated amortization of the right-of-use asset and disposal of the accompanying leasehold improvements.
The reconciliation of the restructuring liability balances is as follows:
| (In thousands) | |||||
Restructuring liability as of December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||
January 2024 Plan charge | |||||
September 2024 Plan charge | |||||
| Settlements | ( | ||||
Restructuring liability as of December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
2025 Plan charge | |||||
| Settlements | ( | ||||
Restructuring liability as of September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||
23
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
13. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was 0.2 % and (3.4 )%, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was 4.2 % and (0.2 )% respectively. The effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate primarily due to a valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets.
On July 4, 2025, the President signed H.R. 1, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” into law in the United States, which includes a broad range of tax reform provisions. The Company does not expect the One Big Beautiful Bill Act to have a material impact on the estimated annual effective tax rate in 2025.
The Company reassessed the ability to realize deferred tax assets by considering the available positive and negative evidence. As of September 30, 2025, the Company concluded that its net deferred tax assets are not more-likely-than-not to be realized and maintained a full valuation allowance against such net deferred tax assets.
As of September 30, 2025, the Company files tax returns in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. Due to the Company’s U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, its income tax returns generally remain subject to examination by federal and most state tax authorities. Beginning in 2022, the Company’s subsidiary in India files income tax returns in India which are subject to examination by local tax authorities. This subsidiary is currently under examination by the tax authorities for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
14. Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The Company has three classes of authorized common stock for which voting rights differ by class. The Company computes net income (loss) per share using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock. The Company’s Series A Preferred Stock is considered a participating security for purposes of applying the two-class method when calculating earnings per share in periods of net income. Under the two-class method, net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period is allocated between shares of common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all earnings for the period had been distributed.
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of stock outstanding during the period, adjusted for options early exercised and subject to repurchase.
Diluted income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares and the effect of potentially dilutive securities, including awards issued under the Company’s equity compensation plans or other contracts to issue common stock, as if the securities were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock (net of any assumed repurchases) that then shared in the earnings of the Company. During the periods of net losses, the net loss is reduced for amounts allocated to participating securities only if the security has a right to participate in the earnings of the entity and an objectively determinable contractual obligation to share in the net losses of the entity. The Company’s participating securities are not allocated any share of the net loss, as the participating securities do not have a contractual obligation to share in the net losses of the Company. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to the Company is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of fully diluted common shares outstanding.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for Class A and Class B common stock. No
24
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A Common | Class B Common | Class A Common | Class B Common | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accretion of Series A Preferred Stock to redemption value | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc from continuing operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders from continuing operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accretion of RNCI to redemption value from discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest included in discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc from discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders from discontinued operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding, basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock units and stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common stock outstanding, diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share from continuing operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Blend Labs, Inc.: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
25
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A Common | Class B Common | Class A Common | Class B Common | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Accretion of Series A Preferred Stock to redemption value | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders from continuing operations | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Net loss from discontinued operations | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Less: Accretion of RNCI to redemption value from discontinued operations | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest included in discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders from discontinued operations | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Blend Labs, Inc common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common stock outstanding, basic and diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share from continuing operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share attributable to Blend Labs, Inc.: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
The dilutive effect of outstanding RSUs and stock options totaling 9,088 shares of potential common stock is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The other categories of potential shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2025 because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
The following potential shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 because including them would have been antidilutive as the Company has reported net loss for each of the periods:
26
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| As of September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-plan Co-Founder and Head of Blend options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unvested restricted stock units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested performance stock awards(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series G Warrant | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Haveli Warrant | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total anti-dilutive securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
____________
(1) Performance conditions were not satisfied for the unvested performance stock awards as of September 30, 2025.
15. Segment Information
The Company’s CODM is the chief executive officer. The Company’s operating segments are defined in a manner consistent with how the Company manages its operations and how the CODM evaluates the results and allocates the Company’s resources. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company classified the results of its previously reported Title segment as discontinued operations in its unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations. Refer to Note 16, Held for sale and Discontinued Operations, for additional details. As a result, the Company now operates in a single operating segment and a single reportable segment. The CODM assesses the segment performance by using net loss from continuing operations as a measure of segment profitability. The CODM uses revenue and net loss from continuing operations for purposes of making operating decisions, allocation of resources, and evaluation of financial performance, primarily by monitoring actual to budget results as well as by reviewing year-over-year performance.
The CODM also reviews significant segment expenses for the single reportable segment. Significant segment expenses include cost of revenue, research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses, all of which are presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Other segment items include restructuring expenses, interest expense, other income (expense), net and income tax (expense) benefit, which are also presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
The Company does not evaluate performance or allocate resources based on segment assets, and therefore, such information is not presented.
The Company’s reported measure of segment profit or loss is as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
16. Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
In the first quarter of 2025 the Company has initiated a process to exit the title business, and on June 9, 2025, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell its title insurance business to a third party. The transaction is subject to certain required third-party consents and regulatory approvals and is expected to close later in the fiscal year. The divestiture is part of the Company’s strategic shift to transform into a platform-first company along with the further expansion of partner ecosystem.
The Company determined that all the criteria required for held-for-sale presentation were met as of March 31, 2025. As a result, the Company reported the assets and the liabilities of the disposal group as held for sale on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and the operations of the disposal group as discontinued operations starting in the first quarter of
27
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
2025. Disposal group net assets are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or estimated fair value less the costs to sell. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
Upon the execution of the definitive agreement, in the second quarter of 2025, the Company recorded an impairment charge in the amount of $2.0 million related to the indefinite-lived intangible assets held within discontinued operations as the value was deemed to be not recoverable. With the exception of this impairment charge, there was no
The following table is a summary of the assets and liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Trade and other receivables, net of allowance for credit losses | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
Other non-current assets(1) | |||||||||||
| Non-current assets held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued compensation | |||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Non-current liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
____________
(1) Other non-current assets includes $2.3
Operating results from the disposal group for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are reported as Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), as follows:
28
Blend Labs, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of intangible asset | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
29
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those identified below and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” and other parts of this Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.
Overview
Blend Labs, Inc. was founded in 2012, with a vision to bring simplicity and transparency to financial services, so everyone can gain access to the capital they need to lead better lives. To realize this vision, we have built a market-leading cloud-based software platform and suite of products for financial services firms that is designed to power the end-to-end consumer journey for any banking product. Our software platform was built in an extensible, modular, and configurable fashion to support continued product expansion. We have technology, data, and service providers on our software platform, including access to an extensive marketplace of insurance carriers and settlement agencies. Our products and marketplaces provide multiple opportunities for us to serve financial services firms and consumers and drive revenue growth.
The development of our business reflects continued product innovation as we continue to attract financial services firms to our software platform and grow with them as they serve consumers. Financial services firms have been shifting for years to a digital-first approach to acquiring consumers, delivering products, and deepening existing consumer relationships. This imperative to compete through digital-first consumer experiences creates a compelling opportunity for Blend. We believe there is a large, untapped opportunity to provide additional product offerings and drive increased transaction volume for financial institutions and consumers using our software platform.
Our platform also includes Blend Builder, which gives our customers the ability to easily configure or build custom workflows from a pre-built set of components, all while leveraging existing infrastructure. Financial services firms can create custom solutions with Blend Builder, or choose from pre-built solutions for Mortgage and Consumer Banking, including Home Equity, Deposit Accounts, Credit Cards, Personal Lending, Auto Lending and more.
Our growth strategy is focused on growing the value of our existing customer relationships, as well as adding new customer relationships. In addition, we leverage partnerships to drive efficient product expansion. We see opportunities for expansion into new markets, including markets outside the United States.
Recent Developments
Industry Trends
The mortgage market is heavily influenced by government policies and overall economic conditions. The real estate environment, including interest rates and the general economic environment, typically impacts the demand for mortgage and mortgage related products.
In the third quarter of 2025, we saw a decrease in mortgage transactions on our software platform compared to the second quarter of 2025, which can primarily be attributed to seasonal trends. We expect that the aggregate industry mortgage originations in the fourth quarter of 2025 will be largely in line with the third quarter of 2025 volumes based on application volume observed to date through our customer base and our analysis of the latest relevant macroeconomic data.
Mortgage origination activity depends on many factors, such as changes in the Federal Reserve’s policies or pressures in the macroeconomic environment, including the imposition of tariffs, the impact of trade relations or the possibility of an economic downturn in the United States or worldwide, all of which are uncertain and out of our control. We expect the Federal Reserve's decision-making to continue to have impacts on mortgage origination activity. As a large portion of our revenue is driven by mortgage and mortgage related transaction volumes, changes in the mortgage origination volumes have had, and are likely to continue to have, material effects on our business.
30
Strategic Initiatives
As part of our efforts to simplify our business, in the first quarter of 2025, we made a decision to exit our title operations, and on June 9, 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our title insurance business to a third party. The transaction is subject to certain required third-party consents and regulatory approvals, and is expected to close later in the fiscal year.
The divestiture is part of our strategic shift to transform into a platform-first company along with the further expansion of our partner ecosystem. We intend to structure the transaction in a way that would allow us to strategically exit the capital-intensive title agency business while maintaining unit economics that we believe will be beneficial in a macro recovery. In connection with this initiative, the results of our previously reported Title segment are currently presented as discontinued operations. Refer to Note 16, Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information.
Restructuring
We have taken actions to manage our operating expenses and focus our investments on initiatives critical to achieving our broader strategy. As part of our broader efforts to improve cost efficiency and better align our operating structure with our business activities and the current market, since 2022, we implemented several workforce reduction actions and in 2024, we entered into an agreement to fully terminate one of our leases and abandoned another leased facility. Refer to Note 12, Restructuring, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information regarding our workforce reduction actions and leases optimization.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
We generate revenue from fees paid by customers to access our software platform and complete transactions, such as funded loan, new account opening, closing transaction, or API call. Transaction fees are assessed based on completed transactions and are determined by the number and type of software platform components that are needed to support each product offering. We do not charge for abandoned or rejected applications, even though they cause us to incur costs related to these applications. Arrangements with our customers do not provide the contractual right to take possession of our software at any point in time. Revenue is recognized when access to our platform is provisioned to our customers or as transactions are completed, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services. We also generate revenue from providing access to Blend Builder, professional services related to the deployment of our platform, premier support services, and consulting services. We also earn revenue from third-party providers which integrate their marketplaces into our platform for services such as property and casualty insurance. We typically charge third-party providers a combination of fixed and variable license fees.
Our customers have the ability to access our platform under subscription arrangements, in which customers commit to a minimum number of completed transactions at specified prices over the contract term, or under usage-based arrangements, in which customers prepay a fixed amount in advance, typically annually or semi-annually, based on their anticipated consumption of specified products at specified prices or pay monthly in arrears a variable amount for completed transactions at specified prices. Our subscription and prepaid usage-based arrangements are generally noncancelable, and we may also earn additional overage fees if the number of completed transactions exceeds the contractual amounts. Our usage-based arrangements paid in arrears can generally be terminated at any time by the customer. We recognize revenue ratably for our subscription arrangements because the customer receives and consumes the benefits of our platform throughout the contract period. We recognize fees for usage-based arrangements as the completed transactions are processed using our platform. Over the last year, we have seen a shift away from subscription arrangements towards prepaid multi-year usage-based arrangements in our customer contracts. Revenue from third-party providers for access to our platform is recognized ratably over the term of the contract.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of software-related costs, which include costs of subscribed hosting and support, costs of premier support services, and the costs of delivering professional services.
Software-related costs of subscribed hosting services and support consist primarily of expenses related to hosting our services, third-party fees related to platform connectivity services, which include verification of income, assets, and employment, software licenses and expenses related to providing support to our customers.
31
Costs of premier support and professional services consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense, expenses associated with delivering implementation and other services, travel expenses, and allocated overhead costs.
For each application submission, we incur third-party costs as described above, including costs for incomplete transactions for which we do not charge fees to our customers. The timing of those costs may not be aligned with the revenue recognized. We expect our cost of revenue to continue to increase in dollar amounts as we grow our business and revenue and decrease as a percentage of our revenue over the long term as we achieve greater scale in our business, although the percentage may fluctuate from period to period.
Operating Expenses
We have taken actions to manage our operating expenses and focus our investments on initiatives critical to achieving our broader strategy. We expect to see our expenses slightly decrease in 2025 as compared to 2024.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense, associated with our engineering personnel responsible for the design, development, and testing of new products and features, professional and outside services fees, software and hosting costs, facilities costs, and allocated overhead costs. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, unless they qualify as capitalizable internal-use software development costs.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense, costs of general marketing activities, advertising and promotional activities, travel-related expenses, facilities costs, and allocated overhead costs. Sales commissions that are incremental costs of acquiring a contract with a customer as well as associated payroll taxes, are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit. Sales commissions that are not incremental costs of acquiring a contract with a customer are expensed in the period incurred.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense for our finance, accounting, legal and compliance, human resources, and other administrative teams, certain executives, stock-based compensation expense related to the stand-alone stock option award granted to our Co-Founder and Head of Blend in 2021, professional services fees, including audit, legal and compliance, facilities costs, software and hosting costs, external consulting expenses, and insurance expenses.
Restructuring
Restructuring charges relate to our workforce reduction plans and facilities restructuring actions. Charges related to workforce reduction plans are comprised of cash expenditures for compensation and severance payments, employee benefits, payroll taxes and related facilitation costs. Refer to Note 12, Restructuring, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income earned from our investment portfolio, as well as adjustments to the carrying value of investment in non-marketable equity securities.
32
Interest Expense
Interest expense relates primarily to debt financing used to fund our acquisition of Title365 and includes interest payable under the terms of the Credit Agreement entered into in connection with the closing of the acquisition of Title365 and amortization of debt discounts and debt issuance costs. In connection with the full repayment of the Term Loan and termination of the Credit Agreement, the final interest payment under the Credit Agreement was fully paid in the quarter ended June 30, 2024.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes consists primarily of U.S. state and foreign income taxes. We maintain a full valuation allowance on our net federal and state deferred tax assets as we have concluded that it is not more likely than not that such net deferred tax assets will be realized.
Results of Operations
Starting with the first quarter of 2025, we classified the results of our previously reported Title segment as discontinued operations. Refer to Note 15, Segment Information, and Note 16, Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information. Prior period information has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented in dollars and as a percentage of our revenue:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | $ | 30,459 | $ | 31,066 | $ | 84,110 | $ | 79,277 | |||||||||||||||
| Professional services | 2,401 | 2,038 | 7,043 | 6,363 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 32,860 | 33,104 | 91,153 | 85,640 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | 6,624 | 6,294 | 18,993 | 17,143 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | 1,780 | 2,310 | 5,440 | 7,614 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | 8,404 | 8,604 | 24,433 | 24,757 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 24,456 | 24,500 | 66,720 | 60,883 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | 8,522 | 10,127 | 23,375 | 37,226 | |||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing(1) | 7,873 | 9,473 | 22,010 | 28,232 | |||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative(1) | 12,879 | 11,482 | 37,723 | 35,211 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | 93 | 4,701 | 840 | 5,787 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 29,367 | 35,783 | 83,948 | 106,456 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (4,911) | (11,283) | (17,228) | (45,573) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | — | — | — | (6,747) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | 17,348 | 10,673 | 19,480 | 11,874 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 12,437 | (610) | 2,252 | (40,446) | |||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense | (27) | (21) | (98) | (93) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | 12,410 | (631) | 2,154 | (40,539) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | 122 | (1,996) | (5,679) | (2,172) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 12,532 | $ | (2,627) | $ | (3,525) | $ | (42,711) | |||||||||||||||
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(1)Includes stock-based compensation as follows: | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | 123 | $ | 104 | $ | 409 | $ | 366 | |||||||||||||||
Research and development(2) | 1,630 | 2,169 | 4,518 | 8,088 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 699 | 862 | 2,037 | 2,715 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 5,314 | 3,499 | 14,412 | 10,722 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 7,766 | $ | 6,634 | $ | 21,376 | $ | 21,891 | |||||||||||||||
____________
(2) Net of $0.6 million and $2.9 million of additions to capitalized internal-use software for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, and $0.8 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(as a % of revenue)* | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | 92 | % | 94 | % | 92 | % | 93 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Professional services | 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software platform | 20 | 19 | 21 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | 5 | 7 | 6 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | 26 | 26 | 27 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin | 74 | 74 | 73 | 71 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 26 | 31 | 26 | 43 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 24 | 29 | 24 | 33 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 39 | 35 | 41 | 41 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | — | 14 | 1 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 89 | 108 | 92 | 124 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (15) | (34) | (19) | (53) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | — | — | — | (8) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | 53 | 32 | 21 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 38 | (2) | 2 | (47) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | 38 | (2) | 2 | (47) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | (7) | (6) | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | 38 | % | (8) | % | (4) | % | (50) | % | |||||||||||||||
____________
*Certain percentages may not foot due to rounding.
34
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
Revenue and Cost of Revenue
| Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage Suite | $ | 17,735 | $ | 21,546 | $ | (3,811) | (18 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer Banking Suite | 12,724 | 9,520 | 3,204 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional Services | 2,401 | 2,038 | 363 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue | 32,860 | 33,104 | (244) | (1 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue: | 8,404 | 8,604 | (200) | (2 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit and gross margin: | $ | 24,456 | 74 | % | $ | 24,500 | 74 | % | $ | (44) | — | % | ||||||||||||||
Total revenue decreased by $0.2 million, or 1%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024.
•Mortgage Suite revenue decreased by $3.8 million, or 18%, primarily due to a decrease in homeowner’s insurance revenue related to the Strategic Partnership and Sale of Insurance Business (Refer to Note 3, Revenue Recognition and Contract Costs), verification of income revenue in connection with transition to the partnership model, customer churn, and the impact of renewal pricing in one of our large contracts, partially offset by overall mortgage market growth.
•Consumer Banking Suite revenue increased by $3.2 million, or 34%, primarily due to deployments of several large customers, resulting in an increase in home equity and deposit account opening revenue.
•Professional Services revenue increased by $0.4 million, or 18%, primarily due to an increase in consulting services and an increase in professional services associated with the support of our platform.
Cost of revenue decreased by $0.2 million, or 2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, primarily due to a decrease in personnel related expenses attributable to a decrease in headcount related to our restructuring actions.
Gross profit and gross margin remained flat for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
Operating Expenses
| Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | 8,522 | $ | 10,127 | $ | (1,605) | (16 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 7,873 | 9,473 | (1,600) | (17 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 12,879 | 11,482 | 1,397 | 12 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | 93 | 4,701 | (4,608) | (98 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 29,367 | $ | 35,783 | $ | (6,416) | (18 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
Research and Development
Research and development expenses decreased by $1.6 million, or 16%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $2.3 million decrease in personnel related expenses and a $0.8 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense attributable to a decrease in headcount, in each case, related to our restructuring actions, offset by a $1.4 million increase in the capitalization of internal-use software development costs.
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Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $1.6 million, or 17%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $1.4 million decrease in personnel related expenses attributable to a decrease in headcount related to our restructuring actions.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses increased by $1.4 million, or 12%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to a $1.8 million increase in stock-based compensation expense attributable to executive PSUs, partially offset by a $0.2 million decrease in personnel related expenses attributable to a decrease in headcount as well as a $0.3 million decrease in facilities costs, each related to our restructuring actions.
Restructuring
Restructuring expenses decreased by $4.6 million, or 98%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 due to the 2024 workforce reduction plan being larger than the 2025 workforce reduction plan. The costs related to each workforce reduction plan included cash expenditures for compensation and severance payments, employee benefits, payroll taxes and related facilitation costs.
Other Income (Expense), net
| Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | $ | 17,348 | $ | 10,673 | $ | 6,675 | 63 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income (expense), net increased by $6.7 million, or 63%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 due to a $16.6 million gain on investment on non-marketable equity securities due to an observable price change in three months ended September 30, 2025, partially offset by a $9.2 million gain on sale of insurance business during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Expense
| Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | (27) | $ | (21) | $ | (6) | 29 | % | |||||||||||||||
The increase in income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 was immaterial.
36
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
Revenue and Cost of Revenue
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage Suite | $ | 50,334 | $ | 55,078 | $ | (4,744) | (9 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer Banking Suite | 33,776 | 24,199 | 9,577 | 40 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional Services | 7,043 | 6,363 | 680 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue | 91,153 | 85,640 | 5,513 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue: | 24,433 | 24,757 | (324) | (1 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit and gross margin: | $ | 66,720 | 73 | % | $ | 60,883 | 71 | % | $ | 5,837 | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total revenue increased by $5.5 million, or 6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
•Mortgage Suite revenue decreased by $4.7 million, or 9%, primarily due to a decrease in homeowner’s insurance revenue related to the Strategic Partnership and Sale of Insurance Business (Refer to Note 3, Revenue Recognition and Contract Costs), verification of income revenue in connection with transition to the partnership model, customer churn, and the impact of renewal pricing in one of our large contracts, partially offset by overall mortgage market growth.
•Consumer Banking Suite revenue increased by $9.6 million, or 40%, primarily due to deployments of several large customers, resulting in an increase in home equity and deposit account opening revenue and an increase in attach rates of our digital closing solution.
•Professional Services revenue increased by $0.7 million, or 11%, primarily due to an increase in professional services associated with the support of our platform.
Cost of revenue decreased by $0.3 million, or 1%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily driven by a decrease in personnel related expenses attributable to a decrease in headcount related to our restructuring actions.
Gross profit increased by $5.8 million, or 10%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 due to increased revenue. Gross margin was 73% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to 71% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in gross profit was primarily due to expanding Consumer Banking Suite revenue while decreasing cost of revenue as we continue to focus on operational efficiency.
37
Operating Expenses
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | 23,375 | $ | 37,226 | $ | (13,851) | (37 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 22,010 | 28,232 | (6,222) | (22 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 37,723 | 35,211 | 2,512 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | 840 | 5,787 | (4,947) | (85 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 83,948 | $ | 106,456 | $ | (22,508) | (21 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
Research and Development
Research and development expenses decreased by $13.9 million, or 37%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $4.0 million increase in the capitalization of internal-use software development costs, as well as a $6.7 million decrease in personnel related expenses and a $2.6 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense attributable to a decrease in headcount, in each case, related to our restructuring actions.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $6.2 million, or 22%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a $4.7 million decrease in personnel related expenses attributable to a decrease in headcount related to our restructuring actions and a $1.6 million decrease in commissions.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses increased by $2.5 million, or 7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to a $3.7 million increase in stock-based compensation expense attributable to executive PSUs, a $1.0 million increase in professional and outside services costs, offset by a $2.6 million decrease in personnel related expenses related to our restructuring actions.
Restructuring
Restructuring expenses decreased by $4.9 million, or 85%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 due to the 2024 workforce reduction plan being larger than the 2025 workforce reduction plan. The costs related to each workforce reduction plan included cash expenditures for compensation and severance payments, employee benefits, payroll taxes and related facilitation costs.
38
Interest Expense
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | — | $ | (6,747) | $ | 6,747 | (100 | %) | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense decreased $6.7 million, or 100%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily due to the repayment of all remaining amounts outstanding and payable under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate amount of $146.1 million on April 29, 2024. The borrowings under the Credit Agreement accrued interest at a floating rate which could be, at our option, either (i) an adjusted Term SOFR rate for a specified interest period plus an applicable margin of 7.50% or (ii) a base rate plus an applicable margin of 6.50%. The effective interest rate on our Term Loan was approximately 14.55% as of April 29, 2024, the date of its termination.
Other Income (Expense), net
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | $ | 19,480 | $ | 11,874 | $ | 7,606 | 64 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income (expense), net increased by $7.6 million, or 64%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to a $16.6 million gain on investment on non-marketable equity securities due to an observable price change in nine months ended September 30, 2025, partially offset by a $9.2 million gain on sale of insurance business, a $4.4 million gain on investment on non-marketable equity securities due to an observable price change, and a $5.5 million loss on extinguishment of debt recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Expense
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | (98) | $ | (93) | $ | (5) | 5 | % | |||||||||||||||
The decrease in income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was immaterial.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through proceeds from the issuance of our stock and warrants and cash generated from the sale of our product offerings, as well as debt financing. As of September 30, 2025, our principal sources of liquidity were cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $77.3 million. Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of bank deposits and money market funds. Marketable securities are comprised of U.S. treasury and agency securities, commercial paper, and corporate debt securities. Most of our cash and cash equivalents are held in the United States.
We have generated significant losses from operations and negative cash flows from operating activities in the past as reflected in our accumulated deficit of $1,388.3 million as of September 30, 2025. We may incur operating losses in the future due to the investments that we intend to make in our business and pressures on revenue growth due to the recent macroeconomic environment, and as a result, we may require additional capital resources to grow our business.
39
Share Repurchase Program
In August 2024, we announced the authorization of a share repurchase program for the repurchase of shares of our Class A common stock, in an aggregate amount up to $25 million. Repurchases may be made at out discretion from time to time through open market purchases or through privately negotiated transactions subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements, and other relevant factors. Open market repurchases may be structured to occur in accordance with the requirements of Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. We may also, from time to time, enter into Rule 10b5-1 plans to facilitate repurchases of our Class A common stock under this authorization. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific dollar amount or to acquire any specific number of shares of our Class A common stock. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased may depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we repurchased and retired 1,589,809 and 2,857,471 shares of our Class A common stock for $5.1 million and $9.2 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, approximately $15.8 million remained authorized and available under our share repurchase program for future share repurchases. Refer to Note 10, Stockholder’s Equity, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information.
Preferred Stock Investment
On April 29, 2024, we entered into an Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”) with Haveli Brooks Aggregator L.P. (“Haveli”) and issued 150,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) for an aggregate purchase price of $150.0 million. In connection with the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, we issued the Haveli Warrant to purchase up to 11,111,112 shares of Class A common stock, at a purchase price of $4.50 per share of Class A common stock. The Haveli Warrant is exercisable for a period of 24 months from issuance.
Material Cash Requirements
Our material cash requirements arising from known contractual and other obligations primarily relate to lease obligations for our office locations and purchase commitments.
We believe that current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements, however, will depend on continued growth in our customer base, the timing and extent of spending to support our research and development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the introduction of new and enhanced products and features, the continuing market adoption of Blend’s software platform, and the effectiveness of our efforts to improve cost efficiency. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, services, and technologies, including intellectual property rights; additionally, we may repurchase shares of our Class A common stock from time to time under our share repurchase program. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may seek to raise additional funds at any time through equity, equity-linked arrangements, and debt. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired and at reasonable rates, our business, results of operations, and financial condition would be adversely affected. See the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Operations—We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.”
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities - continuing operations | $ | 12,060 | $ | (5,023) | |||||||
| Net cash provided by investing activities - continuing operations | 19,972 | 47,304 | |||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities - continuing operations | (15,026) | (14,739) | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | — | (5) | |||||||||
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash - continuing operations | 17,006 | 27,537 | |||||||||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash - discontinued operations | (1,710) | (3,455) | |||||||||
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | 15,296 | $ | 24,082 | |||||||
40
The Company’s liquidity is not expected to be materially impacted from the disposal of the component reported as discontinued operations.
Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
Our largest source of operating cash is cash collections from our customers, and our primary uses of cash in operations are for employee-related expenditures, sales and marketing expenses, and third-party hosting costs.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $12.1 million and net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $5.0 million. The change in cash from operations reflects our net loss adjusted for noncash items, such as charges associated with stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, gain on investment in equity securities, amortization of deferred contract costs, amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets, and amortization of debt discount and issuance costs on our long-term debt, and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Fluctuations in operating assets and liabilities are affected primarily by changes in trade and other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, deferred contract costs, accrued compensation, deferred revenue, accounts payable and other liabilities.
Cash Provided by Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $20.0 million, which was primarily due to the sale of available-for-sale securities of $20.8 million and maturities of marketable securities of $44.2 million, offset by $30.5 million used in the purchase of marketable securities and $10.6 million in additions to property and equipment, primarily related to capitalized internal-use software development costs, and a $4.0 million investment in non-marketable equity securities.
Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $47.3 million, which was primarily due to sales of marketable securities of $100.3 million, maturities of marketable securities of $41.9 million, proceeds from sale of insurance business of $9.1 million, offset by $96.4 million used in the purchase of marketable securities and $7.2 million in additions to property and equipment related to capitalized internal-use software development costs.
Cash Used in Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $15.0 million, primarily consisting of payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards of $7.4 million and $9.1 million related to share repurchases, offset by $1.5 million proceeds from the exercises of stock options.
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $14.7 million, primarily consisting of $144.5 million repayment of long-term debt, $9.5 million payment of issuance costs related to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Haveli Warrant, payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards of $11.0 million, offset by $149.4 million proceeds from the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock and the Haveli Warrant, and proceeds from the exercises of stock options of $0.9 million.
Contingent Obligations
As of September 30, 2025, we did not have relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other purposes.
41
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are prepared in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs, and expenses, and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be affected.
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to certain market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include:
Interest Rate Risk
We had cash and cash equivalents of $55.0 million and marketable securities and other investments of $22.2 million as of September 30, 2025, which consisted of bank deposits, money market funds, U.S. treasury and agency securities and commercial paper. The cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for working capital purposes. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing income without significantly increasing risk. Such interest-earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. To date, fluctuations in interest income have not been significant. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes and have not used any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk exposure. Due to the short-term nature of our investments, we have not been exposed to, nor do we anticipate being exposed to, material risks due to changes in interest rates. A hypothetical 100 basis points change in interest rates during any of the periods presented would not have had a material impact on our investments.
Inflation Risk
Inflationary factors such as increases in overhead costs may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, if the selling prices of our products do not increase with these increased costs.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2025.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
42
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Due to inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the normal course of business. We are not presently party to any litigation that, if determined adversely to us, we believe would be likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Future litigation may be necessary, among other things, to defend ourselves or our customers by determining the scope, enforceability, and validity of third-party proprietary rights or to establish our proprietary rights. The results of any litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, particularly in the areas of unsettled and evolving law in which we operate, and an unfavorable resolution in any legal proceedings could materially affect our future business, financial condition, or results of operations. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business involves significant risks, some of which are described below. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. Any of the following risks could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, or prospects, and could cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, or prospects could also be harmed by risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. Our Risk Factors are not guarantees that no such conditions exist as of the date of this report and should not be interpreted as an affirmative statement that such risks or conditions have not materialized, in whole or in part.
Risk Factors Summary
The risks and uncertainties to which our business is subject include, but are not limited to, the following:
•Our business is substantially dependent on revenue from the financial services industry and is therefore subject to risks impacting the mortgage industry and the larger financial services industry;
•Increases in market interest rates have, and will likely continue to, adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global economy or reductions in technology spending could limit our ability to grow our business and adversely affect our financial conditions and results of operations;
•We have a history of net losses, and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future;
•A large percentage of our revenue is concentrated with a small number of key customers, and if our relationships with any of these key customers were to be terminated or the level of business with them significantly reduced over time, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects would be adversely affected;
•If we fail to retain our existing customers or to acquire new customers in a cost-effective manner, or if our customers fail to maintain their utilization of our products and services, our revenue may decrease and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected;
•We face intense competition, and if we are unable to compete effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected;
•We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry, and have experienced fluctuating growth rates in recent periods, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful;
•Our business, financial condition, and results of operations depend on our ability to adapt to technological change as well as global trends in the way customers access cloud-based banking software and successfully introduce new and enhanced products, services and business models;
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•Our results of operations have fluctuated from period to period, which has caused the market price of our Class A common stock to fluctuate;
•We often rely on self-reporting of completed transactions by our customers due to our primarily success-based model, which can make it difficult to estimate and forecast revenue;
•We have in the past, and may in the future, make strategic acquisitions or dispositions or we may enter into partnerships, strategic collaborations, joint ventures or licensing agreements and investments, and we face risks related to execution and the integration of such acquisitions or dispositions or investments and the management of any associated growth;
•The impairment of intangible assets, goodwill, and other assets arising from any future acquisitions or investments may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all;
•A cyberattack, security breach or incident affecting us or the third parties we rely on or partner with could expose us or our customers and consumers to a risk of loss or misuse of confidential information and have an adverse effect on our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and other proceedings that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•Our customers are, and in some cases we are or may be, subject to, and we facilitate compliance with, a variety of federal, state, and local laws, including those related to consumer protection and financial services;
•We depend on the interoperability of our platform across third-party applications and services that we do not control;
•Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations;
•The trading price of our Class A common stock may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment; and
•The multi-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend, Co-Founder, and Chair of our board of directors, which will severely limit your ability to influence or direct the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our board of directors, the adoption of amendments to our certificate of incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”) and amended and restated bylaws, and the approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transaction;
•The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote on an as-converted to Class A common stock basis and have rights to approve certain actions. Additionally, Haveli may exercise influence over us through its ability to designate a member of our board of directors;
•The issuance of shares of our Series A Preferred Stock reduces the relative voting power of holders of our Class A common stock, and the conversion of those shares into shares of our Class A common stock would dilute the ownership of Class A common stockholders and may adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock; and
•Our Series A Preferred Stock has rights, preferences and privileges that are not held by, and are preferential to the rights of, our Class A common stockholders, which could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.
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Risks Related to Our Business and Operations
Our business is substantially dependent on revenue from the financial services industry and is therefore subject to risks impacting the mortgage industry and the larger financial services industry.
Our financial prospects depend significantly on the financial services industry ecosystem. Significant volatility and instability among banks and financial institutions has had and could in the future have an adverse effect on our business, financial results and results of operations. To the extent our financial services customers or potential customers fail or experience further downturns due to challenges in the general macroeconomic environment, including as a result of increased tariffs, adverse impacts on trade relations, an economic downturn in the U.S. or globally, or adverse conditions in the financial or credit markets, these firms may decrease the amount of money they spend with us, or stop spending with us entirely. In addition, increased competition to financial services firms from challenger banks and technology disruptors as well as decreases in consumer demand in the financial services industry in general could adversely affect the demand for our product and, in turn, the number of customers and their consumers using our platform.
The mortgage market is heavily influenced by government policies and overall economic conditions. The real estate environment, including interest rates and the general economic environment, typically impacts demand for mortgage and mortgage-related products. As a large portion of our revenue is driven by mortgage and mortgage-related transaction volumes, changes in mortgage origination volumes have had, and are likely to continue to have, material effects on our business. The number of mortgage loans and refinances has been and may continue to be affected by negative trends in the general economy in the United States and abroad, including conditions resulting from changes in gross domestic product, financial and credit market fluctuations, the potential recessionary environment and macroeconomic uncertainty, including as a result of increased tariffs, adverse impacts on trade relations, an economic downturn in the U.S. or globally, increased interest rates, the availability and cost of credit, reductions in business and consumer confidence, stock market volatility, increased unemployment, political turmoil, pandemics, natural catastrophes, warfare, such as the current war in Ukraine and the potential effects of sanctions, the current conflict in the Middle East, and terrorist attacks on the United States, Europe, the Middle East region, the Asia Pacific region or elsewhere, and any such decrease in mortgage origination volumes is likely to have an adverse impact on our business.
Increases in market interest rates have, and will likely continue to, adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Increasing interest rates have adversely impacted the spending levels of consumers and their ability and willingness to borrow money. In most cases, higher interest rates have led to higher loan rates charged to consumers, which has adversely affected the ability of our customers to generate volume and in turn, the number of transactions enabled through our platform and thus our ability to generate revenue from such transactions. As a result of high interest rates in recent periods, consumers and financial services firms were less inclined to borrow money for mortgages, and to refinance existing mortgages, which resulted in less engagement with our platform and/or our services. While, more recently, the Federal Reserve has lowered the federal funds rate significantly, any further actions by the Federal Reserve or consumers are speculative and difficult to predict with certainty. Further notwithstanding any improvement in interest rates, we have experienced in the past, and may continue to experience in the future, a reduction in the volume of transactions enabled through our platform and the value of title orders processed. In addition, while we have cut expenses to align our business to the operating environment and as we continue to evaluate our expense base going forward, revenue generated from such transactions may decline faster than our ability to reduce expenses, and such declines have and may continue to adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global economy or reductions in technology spending could limit our ability to grow our business and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our results of operations have and are expected to continue to vary based on the impact of changes in our industry or the U.S. economy on us or our customers. Our revenue growth and potential profitability depend on demand for our solutions. Economic uncertainties have and could continue to adversely affect our business and results of operations. Negative conditions in the general economy in the United States and abroad, including conditions resulting from changes in gross domestic product growth, financial and credit market fluctuations, the potential recessionary environment and macroeconomic uncertainty, including as a result of increased tariffs and other adverse impacts on trade relations, increased interest rates, the availability and cost of credit, reductions in business and consumer confidence, stock market volatility, increased unemployment, political turmoil, pandemics, natural catastrophes, warfare, such as the current war in Ukraine and the potential effects of sanctions, the current conflict in the Middle East, and terrorist attacks on the United States, Europe, the Middle East region, the Asia Pacific region or elsewhere, has caused and could further cause a decrease in lending activity and business investments, including spending on technology, and as a result, negatively affect the growth of our business. To the extent our solutions are perceived
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by customers and potential customers as costly, or too difficult to deploy or migrate to, our revenue may be disproportionately affected by delays or reductions in general technology spending. Also, competitors, some of whom are larger and more established than we are, may respond to market conditions by lowering prices and attempting to lure away our customers. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown, instability or recovery, generally or within any particular industry. If the economic conditions of the general economy or markets in which we operate worsen from present levels, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We have a history of net losses, and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.
Historically, we have incurred net losses, and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future. As of September 30, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $1,388.3 million. We expect to incur significant costs and invest significant additional funds towards sustaining and growing our business and operating as a public company. Further, we have expended and expect to continue to expend substantial financial and other resources on product development, including investments in our product, engineering, and design teams and the development of new products and new functionality for our existing products and our platform; our technology infrastructure, including systems architecture, management tools, scalability, availability, performance, and security, as well as disaster recovery measures; our sales, marketing, and customer success organizations; acquisitions or strategic investments; and general administration, including legal and accounting expenses. These efforts may be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will be able achieve our projected cost savings in connection with any of our previously announced workforce reductions. In the past, we have also incurred impairment charges that have adversely impacted our U.S. GAAP financial results. In addition, failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability or positive cash flows on a consistent basis. In light of increasing interest rates and other factors, the volume of transactions enabled through our platform and, as a result, revenue generated from such transactions, may decline faster than our ability to reduce expenses. Additionally, in an inflationary environment, our costs may increase, and we may not be able to increase the pricing of our products accordingly, which could adversely impact our financial performance. If we are unable to successfully address these risks and challenges as we encounter them, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
A large percentage of our revenue is concentrated with a small number of key customers, and if our relationships with any of these key customers were to be terminated or the level of business with them significantly reduced over time, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects would be adversely affected.
Historically, a relatively small number of our customers have accounted for a significant portion of our revenue. For 2024, our top five customers in the Blend Platform segment accounted for 33.0% of the segment revenue, and as of December 31, 2024, we had 23 customers in the Blend Platform segment generating more than $1 million in annual revenue, which represented 62.8% of the segment revenue in 2024. The concentration of a significant portion of our business and transaction volume with a limited number of customers, or type of customer or industry, exposes us disproportionately to any of those customers choosing to no longer partner with us or choosing to partner with a competitor, to the economic performance or market share of those customers or industry, including as a result of challenger banks or technology disruptors, or to any events, circumstances, or risks affecting such customers or industry. Additionally, because we do not have long-term contractual financial commitments with many of our customers, a material modification in the financial operations of a key customer could affect our transaction volume with that customer and therefore our revenue growth. If we are unable to continue to increase the number of other customers on our platform or if any of our key customers were to suspend, limit, or cease their operations or otherwise terminate their relationship with us or lose market share, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Additionally, we rely on certain of our customers, including Mr. Cooper, for a significant portion of our title transaction volumes. For example, for 2024, our top five customers in the previously reported Title segment accounted for 73.2% of the segment revenue, with Mr. Cooper accounting for 46.8% of the segment revenue. As of December 31, 2024, we had 7 customers in the previously reported Title segment generating more than $1 million in annual revenue, which represented 79.4% of the segment revenue in 2024. As part of our efforts to simplify our business into a software-centric platform, we have entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Title365 business. This divestiture is part of our strategic shift to transform into a platform-first company along with the further expansion of our partner ecosystem. While the teams associated with Title365 are largely expected to begin to shift over to these key focus areas immediately upon the closing of the transaction, it will take time for their work to deliver results. As a result, we do not expect to recoup the full revenue loss associated with the sale of Title365 in 2025, but there are no changes to our long-term goals with an increased focus and additional resources working on increasing
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our market share. However, we can provide no assurance that we will recoup the revenue impact from Title365 on the expected timeline, or at all.
If we fail to retain our existing customers or to acquire new customers in a cost-effective manner, or if our customers fail to maintain their utilization of our products and services, our revenue may decrease and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our ability to maintain and grow our business will depend in part on our success in maintaining successful relationships with our customers. If any of our customers were to suspend, limit, or cease their operations or otherwise terminate their relationships with us, the number of transactions enabled through our platform could decrease and our revenue and revenue growth rates could be adversely affected. In addition, having a diversified mix of customers is important to mitigate risk associated with changing consumer spending behavior, economic conditions, and other factors that may affect a particular type of financial services firm or industry. While we expect that the revenue from our largest customers will decrease over time as a percentage of our total revenue as we generate more revenue from other customers, we also believe that revenue from our largest customers may continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue, at least in the near term.
If we are not able to retain our existing customers or acquire new customers in a cost-effective manner, or if our customers fail to maintain their utilization of our products and services, we will not be able to maintain or grow our business. Our ability to retain and grow our relationships with our customers depends on the willingness of customers to partner with us. The attractiveness of our platform to customers depends upon, among other things: our brand and reputation, the amount of fees that we charge, our ability to sustain our value proposition to our customers, products and services offered by competitors, and our ability to perform under, and maintain, our customer agreements. Many of our customers do not have long-term contractual financial commitments to us and, therefore, many of our customers may reduce or cease their use of our products and services at any time without penalty or termination charges. Additionally, a subset of our customers can generally terminate their agreements with us without cause with limited requirements to provide prior notice. Our customers could decide to stop working with us and cease processing transactions through our platform or enter into exclusive or more favorable relationships with our competitors. Further, any downturn in the financial services industry may cause our customers to reduce their spending on lending technology or to seek to terminate or renegotiate their agreements with us. Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions with us after the expiration of the initial or current subscription term, and our customers, if they choose to renew at all, may renew on pricing or other contract terms that are less favorable to us or otherwise ask to modify their agreement terms in a manner that is cost prohibitive to us. Our renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including our customers’ satisfaction with our pricing or our products or their ability to continue their operations or spending levels. In addition, our customers’ regulators may require that they terminate or otherwise limit their business with us, or impose regulatory pressure limiting their ability to do business with us. If any of our customers were to stop working with us, suspend, limit, or cease their operations, do not renew their subscriptions with us on similar pricing terms, or otherwise terminate their relationships with us, the number of loans and other transactions enabled through our platform could decrease and our revenue and revenue growth rates could be adversely affected.
Additionally, as the markets for our cloud-based banking software continue to develop, we may be unable to attract new customers based on the same pricing models that we have used historically. Large or influential financial services firms may demand more favorable pricing or other contract terms from us. As a result, we may in the future be required to change our pricing model, reduce our prices, or accept other unfavorable contract terms, any of which could adversely affect our revenue and revenue growth rate.
We could in the future have disagreements or disputes with any of our customers, which could negatively impact or threaten our relationship with them. In our agreements with customers, we make certain representations and warranties and covenants concerning our performance and our compliance with certain laws and regulations applicable to the services to be provided by us to our customers. If those representations and warranties were not accurate when made or if we fail to perform a covenant, we may be liable for any resulting damages, including potentially any losses associated with impacted transactions, and our reputation and ability to continue to attract new customers could be adversely affected. Additionally, our customers may engage in mergers, acquisitions or consolidations with each other, our competitors or with third parties, any of which could be disruptive to our existing and prospective relationships with our customers.
If we fail to retain any of our larger customers or a substantial number of our smaller customers, if we do not acquire new customers, if we do not continually expand revenue and volume from customers on our platform, or if we do not attract and retain a diverse mix of customers, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be adversely affected.
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We face intense competition, and if we are unable to compete effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
The market in which we operate is intensely competitive and characterized by shifting user preferences, fragmentation, and frequent introductions of new services and offerings. The primary competitors for our software platform include point solution vendors, providers of back office software with proprietary digital capabilities, and systems developed internally at financial services firms. Our current and future competitors may enjoy competitive advantages, such as greater name recognition, longer operating histories, greater category share in certain markets, market-specific knowledge, established relationships with financial services firms, including those with larger market share than our customers, and larger existing user bases in certain markets, more successful marketing capabilities, and substantially greater financial, technical, and other resources than we have. Greater financial resources and product development capabilities may allow these competitors to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in financial services firm preferences that may render our platform less attractive or obsolete. Our competitors may also make acquisitions or establish cooperative or other strategic relationships among themselves or with others, introduce new offerings with competitive price and performance characteristics or undertake more aggressive marketing campaigns than ours. Additionally, many of our competitors are well capitalized and offer discounted services, lower pricing, incentives, discounts and promotions, and innovative platforms and offerings, which may be more attractive than those that we offer. Further, our customers may decide to develop their own solutions that compete with ours.
As we and our competitors introduce new offerings and invest more in digital capabilities, and as existing offerings evolve, we expect to become subject to additional competition. Our competitors may adopt certain of our platform features or may adopt innovations that our customers value more highly than ours, which would render our platform less attractive and reduce our ability to differentiate our platform. Increased competition could result in, among other things, a reduction of the revenue we generate from the use of our platform from reduced demand or pricing pressures, the number of customers, the frequency of use of our platform, and our margins. For all of these reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully. If we lose existing customers, fail to attract new customers, or are forced to make pricing concessions as a result of increased competition, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We have a limited operating history in an evolving industry, and have experienced fluctuating growth rates in recent periods, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful.
We were founded in 2012 and have previously experienced periods of rapid growth, but due primarily to macroeconomic factors, including an unfavorable interest rate environment, decreased housing affordability, and uncertain worldwide political and economic conditions, our growth rate and revenue have fluctuated in recent periods and our historical revenue growth rate and financial performance may not be indicative of our future performance. We believe that future growth of our revenue depends on a number of factors, including our ability to price our products and services effectively so that we are able to attract and retain customers without compromising our profitability, increase our existing customers’ use of our solutions, and provide our customers with excellent support. However, we are also impacted by macroeconomic factors over which we have no control, which have adversely impacted our business in recent periods.
Additionally, our limited operating history may make it difficult to make accurate predictions about our future performance. Assessing our business and future prospects may also be difficult because of the risks and difficulties we face. These risks and difficulties include our ability to:
•accurately forecast the impact of macroeconomic or other external factors on our business, including the timing and extent of such impacts;
•accurately forecast our revenue and plan or adjust our operating expenses in light of fluctuations in our revenue;
•appropriately adjust our operating expenses in line with our revenue and that adequately supports our operations and future growth;
•develop a scalable, high-performance technology infrastructure that can efficiently and reliably handle increased usage, as well as the deployment of new features and services;
•maintain and increase the volume of transactions enabled through our platform;
•enter into new and maintain existing customer relationships;
•successfully identify, negotiate, execute, and integrate acquisitions or partnerships;
•close the pending sale of our Title365 business;
•successfully compete with current and future competitors;
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•successfully build our brand and protect our reputation from negative publicity;
•increase the effectiveness of our marketing strategies;
•successfully adjust our proprietary technology, products, and services in a timely manner in response to changing macroeconomic conditions and fluctuations in the credit market;
•enter into new and maintain existing ecosystem partnerships;
•successfully introduce and integrate new products and services and enter new markets and geographies;
•adapt to rapidly evolving trends in the ways customers and consumers interact with technology;
•comply with and successfully adapt to complex and evolving regulatory environments;
•protect against fraud and online theft;
•avoid interruptions or disruptions in our service;
•effectively secure and maintain the confidentiality of the information received, accessed, stored, provided, and used across our systems;
•successfully obtain and maintain funding and liquidity to support continued growth and general corporate purposes;
•attract, integrate, and retain qualified employees; and
•effectively manage growth in our personnel and operations.
If we fail to address the risks and difficulties that we face, including those associated with the challenges listed above as well as those described elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected. You should not rely on our revenue or key business metrics for any previous quarterly or annual period as any indication of our financial or operating performance in future periods. In particular, our revenue growth rate has fluctuated in prior periods, and we expect it to continue fluctuate in the future for a number of possible reasons, including but not limited to macroeconomic conditions, reduced demand for our products and services, insufficient growth in the number of financial services firms that utilize our products and services or the lack of expansion of products and services within our existing customer base, transaction volume and mix, particularly with our significant customers, increased competition, a decrease in the growth or reduction in size of our overall market, or unintended consequences from our workforce reductions that impact our business.
Further, because we have limited historical financial data and operate in a rapidly evolving market, any predictions about our future revenue and expenses may not be as accurate as they would be if we had a longer operating history or operated in a more predictable market. If our revenue growth rate declines, investors’ perceptions of our business and the trading price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected. We have encountered in the past, and will encounter in the future, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies with limited operating histories in rapidly changing industries. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties, which we use to plan and operate our business, are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our results of operations could differ materially from our expectations and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our business, financial condition, and results of operations depend on our ability to adapt to technological change as well as global trends in the way customers access cloud-based banking software and successfully introduce new and enhanced products, services and business models.
We operate in industries that are characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, and frequent new product introductions. We believe that the pace of innovation will continue to accelerate as customers increasingly base their technology investments on a broad range of factors, including products and markets addressed, performance and scale, consumer experience, data governance, and regulatory compliance. We must continue to innovate and develop new products and features to meet changing customer and consumer needs and attract and retain talented software developers.
Our business depends significantly on revenue from large and mid-sized financial services firms. As our existing platform components mature, we will need to successfully integrate new products on our platform, including by achieving interoperability between such new products and our existing products, as well as upgrade the decisioning, verification, and automation components of our existing platform in order to continue to help our customers adapt quickly to constantly changing market conditions. If we are not able to develop and clearly demonstrate the value of new products, upgraded components, or services to our customers, or effectively utilize our customers’ data to provide them with value, our ability to retain and acquire
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customers could be adversely affected. If competitors introduce new offerings embodying new technologies, or if new industry standards and practices emerge, our existing technology, services, and website may become obsolete. Our future success could depend on our ability to respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices in a cost-effective and timely manner.
We have scaled our business rapidly and significant new platform features and services have in the past resulted in, and in the future may continue to result in, operational challenges affecting our business. Developing and launching enhancements to our platform and new products and services on our platform may involve significant technical risks and upfront capital investments that may not generate return on investment. We may use new technologies ineffectively, or we may fail to adapt to emerging industry standards. If we face material delays in introducing new or enhanced platform features, products, and services or if our recently introduced offerings do not perform in accordance with our expectations, the customers and consumers that utilize our platform may forego the use of our services in favor of those of our competitors, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our results of operations have fluctuated from period to period, which has caused the market price of our Class A common stock to fluctuate.
Our results of operations have historically varied from period to period, and we expect that our results of operations will continue to vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year because of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control and difficult to predict. As a result, you should not rely upon our historical results of operations as indicators of future performance. Numerous factors can influence our results of operations, including:
•our ability to attract and retain customers in a cost-effective manner;
•our ability to maintain or increase loan volumes, transactions processed, platform utilization, and title orders closed, and improve loan mix;
•our ability to successfully expand in existing markets and successfully enter new markets;
•changes in financial services firm behavior with respect to cloud-based software products and solutions;
•the amount and timing of operating expenses related to maintaining and expanding our business, operations, and infrastructure, including acquiring new and maintaining existing customers;
•our restructuring actions and the timing of incurring expenses and cash expenditures related to such actions;
•our ability to successfully identify, negotiate, execute, and integrate strategic acquisitions or partnerships;
•the mix of revenue we generate from our products and our marketplace;
•the timing and success of new products and services;
•the impact of worldwide economic conditions, including economic slowdowns as a result of the imposition of tariffs or other impacts on trade relations, changes in market interest rates, recessions, housing affordability, and tightening of credit markets, including due to the war in Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East;
•the seasonality of our business;
•our ability to maintain an adequate rate of growth and effectively manage that growth;
•our ability to keep pace with technology changes in our industry;
•the success of our sales and marketing efforts;
•the effects of negative publicity on our business, reputation, or brand;
•our ability to protect, maintain, and enforce our intellectual property;
•costs associated with defending claims, including intellectual property infringement claims, and related judgments or settlements;
•changes in governmental or other regulations, including state and federal banking laws and regulations or in federal monetary policies, affecting our business;
•interruptions in service and any related impact on our business, reputation, or brand;
•the attraction, retention and engagement of qualified employees and key personnel;
•our ability to choose and effectively manage partners, vendors, and other service providers;
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•the effects of natural or man-made catastrophic events;
•the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; and
•changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional tax liabilities.
The variability and unpredictability of our results of operations could result in our failure to meet our expectations or those of analysts that cover us or investors with respect to revenue or other results of operations for a particular period. If we fail to meet or exceed such expectations, the market price of our Class A common stock could fall substantially, and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class action suits.
We often rely on self-reporting of completed transactions by our customers due to our primarily success-based model, which can make it difficult to estimate and forecast revenue.
We offer our digital lending platform and products to financial institutions through software-as-a-service agreements where fees are assessed for each completed transaction, such as a funded loan, new account opening, closing transaction or API call. For those products that involve a loan or deposit account application we do not charge for abandoned applications or rejected applications, even though they cause us to incur costs. Our customers have the ability to access our platform under (a) subscription arrangements, in which customers commit to a minimum number of completed transactions at specified prices over the contract term, (b) under usage-based arrangements, in which customers pay in arrears a variable amount for completed transactions at a specified price, (c) a fixed price platform fee, allowing the use of multiple products and services, or (d) consumption arrangements, in which customers commit to a certain amount of consumption at specified prices and prepay a fixed amount in advance of their consumption. We may earn additional overage fees if the number of completed transactions exceeds contractual minimums for customers who elect to enter into subscription or consumption agreements in which a minimum number of transactions are completed at specified prices. Additionally, other than our usage-based agreements pursuant to which customers pay for a variable amount of completed transactions, our subscription and consumption agreements are generally non-cancellable during the contract term. Our usage-based arrangements generally can be terminated at any time by the customer. We recognize revenue ratably for our subscription arrangements because the customer receives and consumes the benefits of our platform throughout the contract period. We recognize fees for usage-based and consumption arrangements as the completed transactions are processed using our platform.
We use and often rely on the reporting of completed transactions by our customers when invoicing them for usage and overage fees in connection with our arrangements. If the reporting of completed transactions by our customers is not timely or accurate, it may impact our ability to estimate revenue, which may impact the accuracy of our actual and forecasted revenue recognized from our customers. If we incorrectly forecast revenue from our customers and the amount of revenue is less than projections we provide to investors, the price of our Class A common stock could decline substantially and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We have in the past, and may in the future, make strategic acquisitions or dispositions or we may enter into partnerships, strategic collaborations, joint ventures or licensing agreements and investments, and we face risks related to the execution and integration of such acquisitions or dispositions or investments and the management of any associated growth.
We have in the past, and may in the future, expand, diversify or streamline our operations with strategic acquisitions or dispositions or entry into partnerships, strategic collaborations, joint ventures, or licensing arrangements and investments in and with companies, businesses, personnel, and technologies in the future. For example, in 2024, we entered into a strategic partnership with Covered Insurance Solutions, and in 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Title365 business. Each transaction requires unique approaches to integration due to, among other reasons, the structure of the transaction, the integration of technology, the size, locations, and cultural differences among their teams and ours, and has required, and will continue to require, attention from our management team. Such transactions may also require additional management resources to integrate more significant and often more complex businesses into our company and restructure operations. During the pendency of a divestiture, we may be subject to risks related to a decline in the business, loss of employees, customers, or suppliers, and that the transaction may not close, which could have a material and adverse effect on the business to be divested and on us.
We may be unable to identify or complete prospective acquisitions or dispositions or partnerships, strategic collaborations, joint ventures or licensing arrangements and investments for many reasons, including, competition for acquisition targets, our inability or unwillingness to pay for targets with high valuations, the absence of a market for certain strategic transactions we may want to pursue or our inability to identify suitable targets, or our inability to finance an acquisition. Antitrust or other regulatory requirements may also delay or prevent an acquisition or require us to make changes to our business to be able to
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consummate the acquisition. Further, any issuances of equity as part of the consideration for the target will dilute our existing stockholders.
Even if we are able to complete an acquisition, partnership, or investment, our future success depends in part on our ability to integrate any future acquisitions and manage any investments, businesses, and entry into partnerships effectively, and we can provide no assurance that such acquired businesses, or any investment or strategic transaction that we enter into, will be successfully integrated into our business, generate revenue, or achieve any expected benefits on a timely basis or at all.
Any future acquisitions, or similar strategic transactions involve numerous risks, any of which could harm our business and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations, including:
•diversion of management’s attention, including oversight over acquired or disposed businesses;
•difficulty in accurately forecasting and accounting for the financial impact of any such transaction, including accounting charges, write-offs of deferred revenue under purchase accounting, and integrating and reporting results for acquired companies that have not historically followed U.S. generally accepted accounting principles;
•maintaining employee morale and retaining key employees;
•integration of operations, systems, technologies, products, and personnel of each acquired company or strategic partner, the inefficiencies and lack of control that may result if such integration is delayed or not implemented, and unforeseen difficulties and expenditures that may arise in connection with integration;
•implementation of internal controls, procedures, and policies, in particular, with respect to the effectiveness of internal controls, cyber and information security practices, incident response plans, and business continuity and disaster recovery plans, compliance with privacy, data protection, information security, and other regulations, and compliance with U.S.-based economic policies and sanctions which may not have previously been applicable to the acquired company’s or strategic partner’s operations;
•implementation of restructuring actions and cost reduction initiatives to streamline operations and improve cost efficiencies;
•our acquisitions, partnerships or investments may not achieve the planned objectives or return on investment and we may incur impairment charges for acquired intangible assets, goodwill or investments;
•we may be required to pay contingent consideration in excess of the initial fair value, and contingent consideration may become payable at a time when we do not have sufficient cash available to pay such consideration;
•significant costs incurred in connection with acquisition transactions, such as professional service fees;
•the risk that any additional stock-based compensation issued or assumed in connection with an acquisition or strategic transaction may dilute our current stockholders, which may in turn impact our stock price and results of operations;
•in the case of foreign acquisitions or acquisitions that include a foreign entity or operations, the need to integrate operations across different cultures and languages and to address the particular economic, currency, political, and regulatory risks associated with specific countries as well as tax risks that may arise from the acquisition;
•tax risks, including any requirement to make tax withholdings in various jurisdictions in connection with such transactions or as part of our continuing operations following a transaction, and companies or businesses that we acquire may cause us to alter our international tax structure or otherwise create more complexity with respect to tax matters;
•increasing legal, regulatory, and compliance exposure, and the additional costs related to mitigate each of those, as a result of adding new offices, employees, and other service providers, benefit plans, equity awards, job types, and lines of business globally; and
•liability for activities of the acquired company before the acquisition, including intellectual property, commercial, and other litigation claims or disputes, cyber and information security vulnerabilities and incidents, violations of laws, rules and regulations, including with respect to employee classification, tax liabilities, and other known and unknown liabilities.
In particular, our inability to complete our Title365 sale on terms that are favorable to us, or in a timely manner, could continue to have an adverse effect on our revenue, level of expenses, and results of operations. Further, whether such a strategic transaction is ultimately consummated or not, its pendency could have a number of negative effects on our current business, including potentially disrupting our regular operations, increasing our near-term costs, diverting the attention of our workforce
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and management team and increasing undesired workforce turnover. It could also disrupt existing business relationships, make it harder to develop new business relationships, or otherwise negatively impact the way that we operate our business.
If we fail to address the foregoing risks or other problems encountered in connection with past or future acquisitions, dispositions, investments or other strategic collaborations, or if we are unable to successfully integrate and manage our acquisitions and investments, or if we are unable to successfully complete other strategic initiatives or such initiatives do not meet our strategic objectives, we may not realize the expected benefits of such strategic initiatives or we may become exposed to additional liabilities, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
The impairment of intangible assets, goodwill, and other assets arising from any future acquisitions or investments may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
When we acquire or invest in a business, a substantial portion of the purchase price of the acquisition may be allocated to goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets. Under U.S. GAAP, we review goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, and more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of goodwill or an indefinite-lived asset below its carrying value. An adverse change in market conditions or operating results, particularly if such change has the effect of changing one of our critical assumptions or estimates, could result in a change to the estimation of fair value that could result in an impairment charge to our goodwill or intangible assets. Moreover, we may not be able to achieve our business targets for any future acquisitions or investments, which could result in us incurring additional goodwill and other intangible assets impairment charges. Further declines in our market capitalization increase the risk that we may be required to perform another impairment analysis, which could result in an impairment of up to the entire balance of our goodwill and other intangible assets. Any such impairment charge or write-off may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
A cyberattack, security breach, or incident affecting us or the third parties we rely on or partner with could expose us or our customers and consumers to a risk of loss or misuse of confidential information and have an adverse effect on our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We are increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure to operate our business. In the ordinary course of our business, we collect, receive, use, transmit, store, and otherwise process large amounts of sensitive information, including personal information, credit information, and other sensitive and confidential information of consumers. It is critical that we do so in a manner designed to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of such sensitive information. Additionally, in the ordinary course of our business, we collect, store, transmit, and otherwise process large amounts of confidential business information, including intellectual property, proprietary corporate and business information, and other confidential information. We also have arrangements in place with certain of our partners, vendors, and other service providers that require us to share certain information we maintain and otherwise process, including consumer information, with them. Certain elements of our operations (including elements of our information technology infrastructure) rely on third parties, and as a result, we use numerous third-party service providers that may have access to our computer networks and sensitive or confidential information. In addition, many of those third parties may subcontract or outsource some of their responsibilities to other third parties. Our information technology systems, including the functions of third parties that are involved with or have access to those systems, are large and complex, with many points of entry and access. Our systems and those of our third-party service providers are potentially vulnerable to and may be subject to unintentional, inadvertent, or malicious, internal and external cyberattacks and other means of compromising the security, integrity, or availability of systems and data, including hacking, intrusions, malware, ransomware and other malicious code, social engineering attacks, phishing and spearphishing attempts, fraudulent inducement, electronic fraud (including attempts to misrepresent personal or financial or information to obtain loans or other financial products), wire fraud attempts to overload our servers with distributed denial-of-service attacks, employee theft, error, or malfeasance, unauthorized access by third parties (including foreign governments or state actors with significant financial and technological resources) or internal actors, or other attacks, and other types of disruptions, exposure, and security breaches and incidents. Any vulnerabilities can be exploited from inadvertent or intentional actions of our employees, partners, vendors, service providers, customers, or by malicious third parties. While we take steps to ensure any such vulnerabilities are patched in our systems, but we cannot guarantee that all vulnerabilities have been patched in every system upon which we are dependent or that additional vulnerabilities of other software upon which we rely will not be discovered. Additionally, to the extent manual processes are involved in the handling of sensitive information, such sensitive information could be inadvertently misdirected despite our training and quality assurance precautions. While we have taken steps to protect the sensitive and confidential information that we have access to and have implemented multiple overlapping controls to reduce risk of a single control failure, our security measures or those of our partners, vendors, or other service providers could be breached or we could suffer data loss, unavailability, corruption, or unauthorized use or other processing, or unauthorized access to or other compromises of our platform or the systems or networks used in our business.
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Cybersecurity risks for the financial services industry have increased significantly in recent years due to new technologies, increasing reliance on technology, and increasing sophistication of organized crime, hackers, and other actors. Cyberattacks are increasing in frequency, levels of persistence, sophistication and intensity, and techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and may not be known until they are launched against a target. We and our partners, vendors, and other service providers may be unable to anticipate or prevent these attacks, react in a timely manner, or implement adequate preventive measures, and we may face delays in our detection or remediation of, or other responses to, security breaches and other privacy- and security-related incidents. These security risks that we and our partners, vendors, and other service providers face have been heightened by an increase in employees and service providers working remotely. Additionally, these risks may be elevated in connection with geopolitical events such as the current war in Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East.
In addition, consumers on our platform could have vulnerabilities on their own devices that are unrelated to our systems and platform but could mistakenly attribute their own vulnerabilities to us. Consumers on our platform may also provide sensitive information to third parties through their use of our platform, and consumers could mistakenly attribute any misuse of such information by third parties to us. Further, breaches and incidents experienced by other companies may be leveraged against us. For example, credential stuffing and business email compromise attacks are becoming increasingly common and sophisticated actors can mask their attacks, making them increasingly difficult to identify and prevent. Certain efforts may be state-sponsored or supported by significant financial and technological resources, making them even more difficult to detect, remediate, and otherwise respond to.
There also have been and may continue to be significant supply chain attacks, and we cannot guarantee that our or our partners’, vendors’, or service providers’ systems and networks have not been breached or that they do not contain exploitable defects or bugs that could result in a breach of or incident impacting, or a disruption to our systems and networks or the systems and networks of third parties that support us and our services. In addition, laws, regulations, government guidance, and industry standards and practices in the United States and elsewhere are rapidly evolving to combat these threats. We may face increased compliance burdens regarding such requirements with regulators and customers regarding our products and services and will incur additional costs for oversight and monitoring of our own supply chain.
Although we have developed systems and processes that are designed to help protect the confidential and sensitive information we maintain and our partners, vendors, and other service providers maintain on our behalf, including personal information of our customers, consumers, and employees, protect our systems, prevent data loss, and prevent security breaches and security incidents, these security measures may not have fully protected our systems in the past and cannot guarantee security in the future. We also have incorporated, and may continue to incorporate, artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies into our platform and otherwise in our business, which may increase cybersecurity risks. Further, AI technologies may be used in connection with certain cybersecurity attacks, resulting in heightened risks of security breaches and incidents. The information technology systems and infrastructure used in our business may be vulnerable to cyberattacks or security breaches or incidents, and third parties may be able to access data, including personal information of our customers, consumers, or employees, or other sensitive and proprietary data, accessible through those systems. Employee and service provider error, malfeasance, or other errors in the storage, use, or transmission of any of these types of data could result in an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other security incident. Although we have policies and technologies restricting access to the personal information we store, these policies and technologies may not be effective in all cases. Further, we must expend significant resources to build and maintain our privacy and data security systems; however, if we do not provide adequate funding or prioritize programs and strategic initiatives related to privacy and cybersecurity, we may be more vulnerable to breaches or attacks. Any breach of privacy, or any security breach or other incident, could interrupt our operations, result in our platform being unavailable, result in loss of or improper access to, or acquisition, disclosure, or other processing of sensitive or confidential information, personal information, or other data, result in fraudulent transfer of funds. Further, any such event, or the perception it has occurred, may harm our reputation, brand, and competitive position, damage our relationships with our customers, subject us to adverse media coverage, or result in claims, regulatory investigations, and proceedings and significant legal, regulatory, and financial exposure, including ongoing monitoring by regulators, and any such incidents or any perception that our security measures are inadequate could lead to loss of customer confidence in, or decreased use of, our platform, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Any actual or perceived breach of privacy or security, or other security incident, impacting any entities with which we share or disclose data (including, for example, our partners, vendors, or other service providers) could have similar effects. We also expect to incur significant costs in an effort to detect and prevent privacy and security breaches and other security incidents, and we may face increased costs and requirements to expend substantial resources in the event of an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other incident.
Additionally, defending against claims or litigation based on any privacy or security breach or other security incident, regardless of their merit, could be costly and divert management’s attention. We cannot ensure that any provisions in our
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agreements with customers, contracts with service providers and other contracts relating to limitations of liability, including those in connection with a privacy or security breach or other security incident, would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. We cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for data handling or information security costs or liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have an adverse effect on our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The success of our business depends on a trustworthy reputation and strong brand and any failure to maintain, protect, and enhance our brand would hurt our ability to retain or expand our base of customers and our ability to increase their level of engagement.
We believe maintaining a trustworthy reputation and strong brand is critical to our success and our ability to attract customers to our platform and maintain good relations with regulators. Our reputation, brand, and ability to build trust with existing and new customers may be adversely affected by complaints and negative publicity about us, our platform, partners, and customers that utilize our platform or our competitors’ platforms, even if factually incorrect or based on isolated incidents. Negative perception of our platform or company may harm our reputation and brand, including as a result of:
•perceptions of cloud-based software and our industry and our company, including the quality, security, and reliability of our cloud-based software platform;
•the overall user experience of our platform;
•changes to our platform;
•a failure to provide a range of options sought by customers or consumers;
•our ability to effectively manage and resolve customer and consumer complaints;
•fraudulent, illegal, negligent, reckless, or otherwise inappropriate behavior by users or third parties;
•actual or perceived disruptions to, failures of, or defects, bugs, vulnerabilities, or errors in our platform or similar incidents, such as privacy or security breaches or other security incidents, site outages, payment disruptions, or other incidents that impact or may be perceived to impact the reliability of our services, including services provided by third parties we rely on;
•litigation over, or investigations by regulators into, our platform;
•customers’ or consumers’ lack of awareness of, or compliance with, our policies;
•a failure to comply with legal, tax, privacy, data protection, information security, or regulatory requirements;
•changes to our practices with respect to collection and use of customer and consumer data;
•a failure to enforce our policies in a manner that users perceive as effective, fair, and transparent;
•a failure to operate our business in a way that is consistent with our values and mission;
•inadequate or unsatisfactory support experiences for our customers;
•perceptions about our liquidity or financial strength;
•illegal or otherwise inappropriate behavior by our management team or other employees or contractors; or
•a failure to register and prevent misappropriation of our trademarks.
If we do not successfully develop, protect, and enhance our reputation and brand, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
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If we fail to manage our operations effectively, our reputation, business, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
In the past, we have experienced periods of rapid growth in our customers, operations and employee headcount, and we expect to experience growth in the future. Our growth has placed, and may continue to place, substantial demands on management and our operational and financial infrastructure. However, we have undertaken several restructuring actions to better align our financial model and our business, and we may need to take additional restructuring actions in the future to align our business with the market. Steps we take to manage our business operations, including reductions in operating expense and restructurings may adversely impact our business. Steps we take to manage our business operations and future growth may adversely affect our reputation and brand, our ability to recruit, retain and motivate highly skilled personnel.
We have made, and intend to continue to make in the future, substantial investments in our technology, customer service, risk, sales and marketing infrastructure. Our ability to manage our growth and business operations effectively and to integrate new employees, technologies, and acquisitions into our existing business will require us to continue to expand our operational and financial infrastructure and to continue to effectively integrate, develop, and motivate employees, while maintaining the beneficial aspects of our culture. Continued growth could challenge our ability to develop and improve our information technology infrastructure and our operational, financial, and management controls, enhance our reporting systems and procedures, recruit, train, and retain highly skilled personnel and maintain user satisfaction. Additionally, if we do not manage the growth of our business and operations effectively, the quality of our platform and the efficiency of our operations could suffer, which could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements that could result in a restatement of our financial statements and could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, any of which could diminish investor confidence in us and could cause a decline in the price of our Class A common stock. We will need to continue to improve our operational and financial infrastructure in order to manage our business effectively and accurately report our results of operations.
Systems failures and resulting interruptions in the availability of our website or platform, or other delays or slow response times from our website or platform, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We currently serve our customers and consumers on our platform from third-party data center hosting facilities. It is critical to our success that our customers (including their customers) and consumers be able to access our platform at all times, and that the performance of our platform is responsive and rapid. Our systems, or those of third parties upon which we rely, may experience service interruptions, outages, failures, or degradation or other performance problems because of hardware and software defects or malfunctions, distributed denial-of-service and other cyberattacks, infrastructure changes, human error, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, other natural disasters, power losses, disruptions in telecommunications services, fraud, military or political conflicts, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, ransomware, malware, or other events. Our systems also may be subject to break-ins, sabotage, theft, and intentional acts of vandalism, including by our own employees. Some of our systems are not fully redundant and our disaster recovery planning may not be sufficient for all eventualities. These eventualities could cause information, including information relating to our customers and consumers, to be lost, corrupted, altered, or delayed. Our business interruption insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our losses that may result from interruptions in our service as a result of systems failures and similar events. Additionally, in some cases, partners, vendors, and other service providers run their own platforms that we access, and we are, therefore, vulnerable to their service interruptions. In the event that our data center arrangements are terminated, or if there are any lapses of service or damage to a center, we could experience lengthy interruptions in our service as well as delays and additional expenses in arranging new facilities and services.
We have experienced and will likely continue to experience system failures and other events or conditions from time to time that interrupt the availability or reduce or affect the speed or functionality of our platform. These system failures generally occur either as a result of software updates being deployed with unexpected errors or as a result of temporary infrastructure failures related to storage, network, or compute capacity being exhausted. These events have resulted in losses in revenue, though such losses have not been material to date. System failures in the future could result in significant losses of revenue. Moreover, we have in the past provided credits to customers per contractual obligations and/or voluntarily made payments to customers to compensate them for the system failure or similar event, and we may provide similar such credits in the future. In addition, the affected customer or consumer could seek monetary recourse from us for its losses and such claims, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time-consuming and costly for us to address. Further, in some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. A prolonged interruption in the availability or reduction in the availability, speed, or other functionality of our platform could adversely affect our business and reputation and could result in the loss of customers.
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Further, we have service level agreements with our customers that require us to meet uptime requirements, and in some cases, system performance or latency standards. In the event that we fail to meet those requirements, whether because of system failures, slow platform performance, or otherwise, our customers may request credits from us, which could adversely impact our revenue and results of operations in a period where we provide such credits.
If we are unable to successfully implement AI to our platform, core solutions, or applications, our business could be harmed.
We have incorporated and may continue to incorporate additional AI technology into our platform, our operations and otherwise within our business, and AI technology may become more important to our operations or to our future growth over time. We expect to rely on AI to help drive future growth in our business, but there can be no assurance that we will realize the desired or anticipated benefits from AI technology or at all. Some of our customers, especially those in highly regulated industries, may be reluctant or unwilling to adopt products using AI technology. Accordingly, adoption of AI features in our products and marketing could reduce or delay customer adoption. We may also fail to properly implement or market our use of AI technology. Our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI technology into their products, offerings, and solutions more quickly or more successfully than us, which could impair our ability to compete effectively and adversely affect our results of operations.
Additionally, our use of AI technology may expose us to additional claims, demands, and proceedings by private parties and regulatory authorities and subject us to legal liability as well as brand and reputational harm. For example, if the outputs that our AI technology assists in producing are or are alleged to be deficient, inaccurate, or biased, or if such outputs or their development or deployment, including the collection, use, or other processing of data used to train or create such AI technology, are held or alleged to infringe upon or to have misappropriated third-party intellectual property rights or to violate applicable laws, regulations, or other actual or asserted legal obligations to which we are or may become subject, our business, operating results, financial condition, and growth prospects could be adversely affected.
The legal, regulatory, and policy environments around AI technology are also evolving rapidly, and we may become subject to new and evolving legal and other obligations. For example, the European Union has adopted the Artificial Intelligence Act, which will impose substantial obligations related to the sale and use of AI-related systems. Numerous U.S. states also have proposed, and in certain cases enacted, legislation addressing aspects of the development, use and commercialization of AI-related systems. These and other developments may require us to make significant changes to our use of AI technology, including by limiting or restricting our use of AI technology, and which may require us to make significant changes to our policies and practices, which may necessitate expenditure of significant time, expense, and other resources, the use of AI technology also presents emerging ethical issues that could harm our reputation and business if our use of AI technology becomes controversial.
Our sales cycle can be unpredictable, time-consuming, and costly.
Our sales process involves educating prospective and existing customers about the benefits and technical capabilities of our products and services. Prospective customers often undertake a prolonged evaluation process, which typically involves not only our products and services, but also those of our competitors. In addition to a prolonged evaluation process, macroeconomic conditions including rising interest rates and declining demand for mortgage, mortgage-related and consumer banking products may also impact our sales cycle. Our sales cycles are typically lengthy, generally ranging from six to nine months for smaller financial services firms and ranging from twelve to eighteen months or more for larger financial services firms. We may spend substantial time, effort, and money on our sales and marketing efforts without any assurance that our efforts will produce any sales. Events affecting our customers’ businesses may occur during the sales cycle that could affect the size or timing of a purchase, contributing to more unpredictability in our business and results of operations. As a result of these factors, we may face greater costs, longer sales cycles, and less predictability in the future, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We may encounter deployment challenges, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We may face unexpected challenges related to the complexity of our customers’ deployment and configuration requirements. Deployment of our software platform may be delayed or expenses may increase when customers have unexpected data, software, or technology challenges, or unanticipated business requirements, which could adversely affect our relationship with our customers and our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Further, because we do not fully control our customers’ deployment schedules, if our customers do not allocate or have the internal resources necessary to meet deployment
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timelines or if there are otherwise unanticipated deployment delays or difficulties, our ability to take customers live and the overall customer experience could be adversely affected. We rely on existing customers to act as references for prospective customers, and difficulties in deployment and configuration could therefore adversely affect our ability to attract new customers. Any difficulties or delays in the deployment processes could cause customers to delay or forego future purchases of our products and services, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Defects, errors, or vulnerabilities in our applications, backend systems, or other technology systems and those of third-party technology providers could harm our reputation and brand and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our platform and system infrastructure rely on software that is highly technical and complex and depend on the ability of such software to store, retrieve, process, and manage high volumes of data. The software on which we rely may contain undetected errors, defects, bugs, or vulnerabilities, some of which may only be discovered after the code has been released. Our practice is to affect frequent releases of software updates, sometimes multiple times per day. Further, as we create new products and services and enhance our existing products and services, we may encounter difficulties in achieving interoperability between our new products and services and our existing products and services. The third-party software that we incorporate into our platform or rely on may also be subject to errors, defects, bugs, or vulnerabilities. Any errors, defects, bugs, or vulnerabilities discovered in our code or from third-party software after release could result in negative publicity, a loss of users, increased regulatory scrutiny, fines or penalties, loss of revenue or liability for damages, and access or other performance issues. Such vulnerabilities could also be exploited by malicious actors and result in exposure of data of users on our platform, or otherwise result in a security breach or other security incident. We may need to expend significant financial and development resources to analyze, correct, eliminate, or work around errors, bugs, or defects or to address, analyze, correct, and eliminate software platform vulnerabilities. Any failure to timely and effectively resolve any such errors, defects, bugs, or vulnerabilities could adversely affect our business, reputation, brand, financial condition, and results of operations.
Any failure to offer high-quality customer support by us or by partners, vendors, and other service providers may adversely affect our relationships with our customers and could adversely affect our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our ability to attract and retain customers is dependent in part on our ability to provide high-quality support. Our customers depend on our customer success organization to resolve any issues relating to our platform and products. As we continue to grow our business and improve our offerings, we will face challenges related to providing high-quality support services at scale. Additionally, to the extent we decide to grow our international business and the number of international users on our platform, our customer success organization will face additional challenges, including those associated with delivering support in languages other than English. Any failure to maintain high-quality support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, could harm our reputation and adversely affect our ability to scale our platform and business, our financial condition, and our results of operations.
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our financial results, which could cause our Class A common stock price to fluctuate.
Although macroeconomic factors, including an unfavorable interest rate environment, decreased housing affordability, and uncertain worldwide political and economic conditions, including concerns about a potential recessionary environment, adverse impacts from trade regulation and consumer confidence, has made, and may continue to make, seasonal fluctuations difficult to detect, our business is highly dependent on consumer borrowing patterns that have an impact on our results of operations. We generally experience changes in consumer activity over the course of the calendar year. Historically, demand for mortgages and other loans has increased during the summer months, which boosts overall mortgage origination activity in the second and third quarters of our fiscal year. Seasonality has and will likely continue to cause fluctuations in our financial results on a quarterly basis. While our growth has obscured this seasonality in our overall financial results, we expect our results of operations to continue to be affected by such seasonality in the future. In addition, other seasonal trends may develop and the existing seasonal trends that we experience may become more pronounced and contribute to fluctuations in our results of operations as we continue to scale and our growth slows. As such, we may not accurately forecast our results of operations. However, we base our spending and investment plans on forecasts and estimates, and we may not be able to adjust our spending quickly enough if our revenue is less than expected, causing our results of operations to fail to meet our expectations or the expectations of investors.
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The market for cloud-based banking software is still in relatively early stages of growth and if this market does not continue to grow, grows more slowly than we expect, or fails to grow as large as we expect, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Use of, and reliance on, cloud-based banking software is still at an early stage, and we do not know whether financial services firms will continue to adopt cloud-based banking software in the future, or whether the market will change in ways we do not anticipate. Many financial services firms have invested substantial personnel and financial resources in legacy software, and these institutions may be reluctant, unwilling or unable to convert from their existing systems to our software platform. Furthermore, these financial services firms may be reluctant, unwilling or unable to use cloud-based banking software due to various concerns such as the security of their data and reliability of the delivery model. These concerns or other considerations may cause financial services firms to choose not to adopt cloud-based banking software such as our cloud-based software platform or to adopt them more slowly than we anticipate, either of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our future success also depends on our ability to sell additional products, services, and functionality to our current and prospective customers. As we create new products and services and enhance our existing products and services, these applications and enhancements may not be attractive to customers or we may encounter difficulties in achieving interoperability between our new products and services and our existing products and services. In addition, promoting and selling new and enhanced functionality may require increasingly costly sales and marketing efforts, and if customers choose not to adopt this functionality our business and results of operations could suffer. If financial services firms are unwilling or unable to transition from their legacy systems, or if the demand for our software platform does not meet our expectations, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We depend on our senior management team and our other highly skilled employees to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, retain, manage, and motivate our employees, or if our new employees do not perform as we anticipate, we may not be able to grow effectively and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our future success will depend in part on the continued service of our founders, senior management team, key technical employees, and other highly skilled employees, including Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend, Co-Founder, and Chair of our board of directors, and on our ability to continue to identify, hire, develop, motivate, and retain talented employees. We may not be able to retain the services of any of our employees or other members of senior management in the future. Also, all of our U.S.-based employees, including our senior management team and Mr. Ghamsari, work for us on an at-will basis, and there is no assurance that any such employee will remain with us. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at all, or we may need to offer additional compensation to retain such employees. If we are unable to attract and retain the necessary employees, particularly in critical areas of our business, we may not achieve our strategic goals. Moreover, the implementation of any future workforce reduction plans or related initiatives may have adverse consequences on our employee morale, our culture, and our ability to attract and retain employees. In addition, from time to time, there may be changes in our senior management team that may be disruptive to our business. If our senior management team fails to work together effectively and to execute its plans and strategies, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We face intense competition for highly skilled employees, especially in the San Francisco Bay Area where we have a substantial presence and need for highly skilled employees. To attract and retain top talent, we have offered, and we believe we will need to continue to offer, competitive compensation and benefits packages. Job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. The trading price of our Class A common stock has been volatile and has declined since our Initial Public Offering and may continue to fluctuate in response to various factors. If the perceived value of our equity awards declines for this or other reasons, it may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain highly qualified employees. In addition, due to declines in the trading price of our Class A common stock, in order to offer competitive compensation packages, we have issued, and may have to continue to issue more shares for equity awards to new and existing employees than in previous periods when the trading price of our Class A common stock was higher, which has and may continue to affect our outstanding share count and cause dilution to existing shareholders. Certain of our employees have received significant proceeds from sales of our equity in private transactions and many of our employees may receive significant proceeds from sales of our equity in the public markets, which may reduce their motivation to continue to work for us. We may need to invest significant amounts of cash and equity to attract and retain new employees and expend significant time and resources to identify, recruit, train, and integrate such employees, and we may never realize returns on these investments. If we are unable to effectively manage our hiring needs or successfully integrate new hires, our efficiency, ability to meet forecasts, and employee morale, productivity, and engagement could suffer, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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Misconduct and errors by our employees, partners, vendors, and other service providers could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and reputation.
We are exposed to many types of operational risk, including the risk of misconduct and errors by our employees, partners, vendors, and other service providers. Our business depends on our employees, partners, vendors, and other service providers to enable the processing of a large number of increasingly complex transactions, including transactions that involve significant dollar amounts and loan and financial transactions that involve the collection, use, and disclosure of sensitive information, including personal information and confidential business information. We could be adversely affected if transactions were redirected, misappropriated, or otherwise improperly executed, sensitive information, including personal information and confidential business information, was accessible by or disclosed to unintended persons, or an operational breakdown or failure in the processing of other transactions occurred, whether as a result of human error, a purposeful sabotage or a fraudulent manipulation of our operations or systems. In addition, the manner in which we store and use certain personal information and interact with consumers, and the manner in which our customers interact with their customers through our platform is governed by various federal and state laws. It is not always possible to identify and deter misconduct or errors by employees, partners, vendors, or other service providers, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses. Any of these occurrences could result in our diminished ability to operate our business, potential liability to customers and consumers, inability to attract future customers and consumers, reputational damage, regulatory intervention, and financial harm, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and reputation.
We are committed to expanding our platform and enhancing the user experience, which may not maximize short-term financial results and may yield results that conflict with the market’s expectations, which could result in our stock price being adversely affected.
We are passionate about expanding our platform and continually enhancing the user experience, with a focus on driving long-term engagement through innovation, the expansion of our platform, products, and services, and providing high-quality support, which may not necessarily maximize short-term financial results. We frequently make business decisions that may reduce our short-term financial results if we believe that the decisions are consistent with our goals to improve the user experience, which we believe will improve our financial results over the long term. These decisions may not be consistent with the short-term expectations of our stockholders and may not produce the long-term benefits that we expect, in which case our growth, business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We rely on assumptions, estimates, and unaudited financial information to calculate certain of our key metrics and other figures presented herein, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics could adversely affect our reputation and our business.
Certain of the metrics that we present, including herein are calculated using internal company data that has not been independently verified, data from third-party attribution partners, or unaudited financial information of companies that we have acquired or partnered with. While these metrics and figures are based on what we believe to be reasonable calculations for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring these metrics and figures across our client base and user base. Additionally, certain figures relating to our strategic acquisitions and partnerships are based on unaudited financial information that has been prepared by the management of such companies and has not been independently reviewed or audited. We cannot assure you that such financial information would not be materially different if such information was independently reviewed or audited. We regularly review and have in the past, and may in the future, adjust our processes for calculating our metrics and other figures to improve their accuracy, but these efforts may not prove successful and we may discover material inaccuracies. In addition, our methodology for calculating these metrics may differ from the methodology used by other companies to calculate similar metrics and figures. We may also discover unexpected errors in the data that we are using that resulted from technical or other errors, or we may determine that third party date we relied upon is not accurate or does not accurately reflect our business. If we determine that any of our metrics or figures are not accurate, we may be required to revise or cease reporting such metrics or figures. Any real or perceived inaccuracies in our metrics and other figures could adversely affect our reputation and our business.
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Our marketing efforts to help grow our business may not be effective.
Promoting awareness of our business is important to our ability to grow our business and to attract new customers and consumers and can be costly. We believe that the importance of brand recognition will increase as competition in the consumer lending industry expands. Successful promotion of our brand will depend largely on the effectiveness of marketing efforts and the overall user experience of our customers and consumers on our platform, which factors are outside our control. The marketing channels that we employ may also become more crowded and saturated by other cloud-based software platforms, which may decrease the effectiveness of our marketing campaigns. Our marketing initiatives may become increasingly expensive and generating a meaningful return on these initiatives may be difficult. Even if we successfully increase revenue as a result of our paid marketing efforts, it may not offset the additional marketing expenses we incur. If our marketing efforts to help grow our business are not effective, we expect that our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our company culture has contributed to our success and if we cannot maintain and evolve our culture as we grow, our business could be adversely affected.
We believe that our company culture has been critical to our success. We have invested substantial time and resources in building out our team with an emphasis on our shared beliefs and practices and a commitment to diversity and inclusion.
We face a number of challenges that may affect our ability to sustain our corporate culture, including:
•failure to identify, attract, reward, and retain people in our organization who share and further our culture, values, and mission;
•the geographic diversity of our workforce, including as a result of remote work;
•competitive pressures to move in directions that may divert us from our mission, vision, and values;
•the continued challenges of a rapidly evolving industry;
•the increasing need to develop expertise in new areas of business that affect us;
•any negative perception of our response to employee sentiment related to political or social causes or actions of management;
•employee concerns regarding workforce reductions we have taken or may need to take in the future;
•harm to employee morale due to workforce reductions or the decision to seek strategic alternatives for our Title business;
•challenges in our business and the macroeconomic environment; and
•the integration of new personnel and businesses from acquisitions.
If we are not able to maintain and evolve our culture, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
If we are unable to effectively combat the increasing number and sophistication of fraudulent activities by third parties using our platform, we may suffer losses, which may be substantial, and lose the confidence of our customers, and government agencies and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected.
The title industry has been experiencing an increasing number of fraudulent activities by third parties, and those fraudulent activities are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Although we do not believe that any of this activity is uniquely targeted at our platform or business, this type of fraudulent activity may adversely affect our title business. In addition to any losses that may result from such fraud, which may be substantial, a loss of confidence by our customers, or governmental agencies in our ability to prevent fraudulent activity that is perpetrated through our software platform or business may seriously harm our business and damage its brand. As fraudulent activities become more pervasive and increasingly sophisticated, and fraud detection and prevention measures must become correspondingly more complex to combat them across the various industries in which we operate, we may implement risk control mechanisms that could make it more difficult for legitimate users to obtain access to and use our platform, which could result in lost revenue and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. High profile fraudulent activity or significant increases in fraudulent activity could also lead to regulatory intervention, negative publicity, and the erosion of trust from our customers and consumers, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
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Our presence outside the United States and any future international expansion strategy will subject us to additional costs and risks and our plans may not be successful.
We have certain operations outside of the United States and we are considering expanding our presence internationally. Operating outside of the United States requires significant management attention to oversee operations over a broad geographic area with varying cultural norms and customs, in addition to placing strain on our finance, analytics, compliance, legal, engineering, and operations teams. We may incur significant operating expenses and may not be successful in our international expansion for a variety of reasons, including:
•recruiting, retaining and managing qualified employees in foreign countries that meet our needs, while maintaining our company culture across all of our offices and locations;
•an inability to attract and retain customers;
•complying with varying laws and regulatory standards, including with respect to financial services, labor and employment, data privacy, data protection, information security, tax, and local regulatory restrictions;
•obtaining any required government approvals, licenses, or other authorizations;
•varying levels of Internet and mobile technology adoption and infrastructure;
•currency exchange restrictions or costs and exchange rate fluctuations;
•operating in jurisdictions that do not protect intellectual property rights in the same manner or to the same extent as the United States;
•public health concerns or emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and other highly communicable diseases or viruses, outbreaks of which have from time to time occurred, and which may occur, in various parts of the world in which we operate or may operate in the future;
•potential adverse tax consequences; and
•limitations on the repatriation and investment of funds as well as foreign currency exchange restrictions.
Our lack of experience in operating our business internationally increases the risk that any potential future expansion efforts that we may undertake may not be successful. If we invest substantial time and resources to expand our operations internationally and are unable to manage these risks effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
In addition, international expansion may increase our risks in complying with various laws and standards, including with respect to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, export controls, and trade and economic sanctions.
We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.
Historically, we have financed our operations primarily through equity issuances and cash collections from our customers. From time to time, we have engaged in debt financings and we may engage in debt transactions in the future. To support growing our business and to effectively compete, we must have sufficient capital to continue to make significant investments in our platform. We intend to continue to make investments to support the growth of our business and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new platform features and services or enhance our existing platform, improve our operating infrastructure, or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Additionally, we may consider adopting various employee compensation programs from time to time. The adoption of various employee compensation programs could result in us paying a greater percentage of our employees’ compensation in the form of cash. In particular, to the extent the perceived value of our equity awards declines, we may need to pay a greater proportion of compensation in cash. Such employee compensation programs could result in us using a larger amount of our cash reserves for the payment of compensation in future periods. In addition, to the extent we satisfy our tax withholding obligations with respect to equity compensation awards by withholding shares and remitting cash to the relevant tax authorities, we could be required to use significant amounts of cash. Any of these additional uses of cash could cause us to use a greater portion of our cash reserves for compensatory purposes and we may need to raise capital to support our cash position and ensure we have sufficient liquidity for our operations.
Although we currently anticipate that our existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities and cash collections from our customers will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs for at least the next 12 months, we may require additional financing. Accordingly, we may need to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds.
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If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity, equity-linked securities, or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new securities we issue could have rights, preferences, and privileges superior to those of holders of our Class A common stock.
We evaluate financing opportunities from time to time, and our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, and operating performance and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be impaired, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.
As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), and the rules and regulations of the applicable listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange. We expect that the requirements of these rules and regulations will continue to increase our legal, accounting, and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, and costly, and place significant strain on our systems, processes, and personnel.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting, which includes hiring additional accounting and financial personnel to implement such processes and controls. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources, including accounting-related costs and significant management oversight. If any of these new or improved controls and systems does not perform as expected, we may continue to experience material weaknesses in our controls.
Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we will eventually be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of our Class A common stock. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the New York Stock Exchange. As a public company, we are required to comply with the SEC rules that implement Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
We are required to provide an annual management report. However, our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”). At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our internal control over financial reporting is documented, designed, or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations and could cause a decline in the price of our Class A common stock.
If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies prove to be incorrect or financial reporting standards or interpretations change, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in our unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the
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carrying values of assets, liabilities, and equity, and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant assumptions and estimates used in preparing our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include those related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, valuations of acquired intangible assets and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and common stock valuations. Our results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our results of operations to fall below the expectations of industry or financial analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the trading price of our Class A common stock.
Additionally, U.S. GAAP is subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), the SEC, and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. A change in these principles or interpretations could have a significant effect on our reported results of operations and could affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement of a change. It is difficult to predict the impact of future changes to accounting principles or our accounting policies, any of which could adversely affect our reported results of operations.
Operating as a public company requires us to incur substantial costs and requires substantial management attention. In addition, key members of our management team have limited experience managing a public company.
As a public company, we have incurred and will continue to incur substantial legal, accounting, and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. For example, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, the rules and regulations of the SEC, and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange. For example, the Exchange Act requires, among other things, we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Compliance with these rules and regulations has increased and will continue to increase our legal and financial compliance costs, and increase demand on our systems, particularly after we are no longer an emerging growth company. In addition, as a public company, we may be subject to stockholder activism, which can lead to additional substantial costs, distract management, and impact the manner in which we operate our business in ways we cannot currently anticipate.
Many members of our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors, and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our ongoing operations as a public company subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. These new obligations and constituents will require significant attention from our senior management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our investment portfolio may become impaired by conditions in the financial markets and failures at financial institutions at which we deposit funds or maintain investments could adversely affect us.
We deposit substantial funds in financial institutions and may, from time to time, maintain cash balances at such financial institutions in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) limit. These funds include amounts in our operating accounts, which are held primarily at three financial institutions and used for our day-to-day business operations. We also hold investments and settled funds in accounts held at financial institutions acting as brokers or custodians. Our investment portfolio generally consists of money market funds, U.S. treasury and agency securities, commercial paper, and corporate debt securities. The investments in our portfolio are subject to our investment policy, which focuses on the preservation of capital, fulfillment or our liquidity needs, and maximization of investment performance within the parameters set forth in our investment policy and subject to market conditions. Our investment policy sets forth credit rating minimums, permissible allocations, and limits our exposure to specific investment types. However, our investments are subject to general credit, liquidity, market, and interest rate risks and in particular, volatility in the global financial markets, including in specific segments of such markets, which can negatively impact the value of our investments and adversely affect our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. In addition, we deposit certain funds owned by third parties, such as escrow deposits, in financial institutions. Should one or more of the financial institutions at which deposits are maintained fail, there is no guarantee as to the extent that we would recover the funds deposited, whether through FDIC coverage or otherwise, or the timing of any recovery. In the event of any such failure, we also could be held liable for the funds owned by third parties. Further, certain of our investments and settled funds are held at financial institutions. Should one or more of the financial institutions acting as brokers or custodians for our investments and settled funds fail, there may be a delay or some uncertainty in our ability to take possession of, or fully recover, all of our investments or settled funds.
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Risks Related to Our Legal and Regulatory Environment
We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and other proceedings that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We face potential liability, expenses for legal claims, and harm to our business relating to the nature of our business generally, and with the lending and financial services we enable. We, or our partners, vendors, or other service providers, may be subject to claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations and other legal, regulatory and other administrative proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including those involving compliance with regulatory requirements, personal injury, property damage, worker classification, labor and employment, anti-discrimination, commercial disputes, competition, consumer complaints, intellectual property disputes, and other matters, and we may become subject to additional types of claims, lawsuits, government investigations and legal or regulatory proceedings as our business grows and as we deploy new services.
In addition, a number of participants in the consumer financial and real estate settlement services industries have been the subject of putative class action lawsuits, state attorney general actions, other state regulatory actions, and federal regulatory enforcement actions, including actions relating to alleged unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices, violations of state licensing and disclosure laws and actions alleging discrimination on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, or other prohibited bases. The current regulatory environment, increased regulatory compliance efforts, and enhanced regulatory enforcement have resulted in us undertaking significant time-consuming and expensive operational and compliance efforts, which may delay or preclude our ability to provide certain new products and services to our customers and/or delay adoption of new products and services by our customers. Additionally, recent rulings from the Supreme Court, including to overrule their decision in Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense Council, as well as statements from the new U.S. presidential administration have caused additional uncertainty regarding federal administrative authority. There is no assurance that these regulatory matters or other factors will not, in the future, affect how we conduct our business and, in turn, have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In particular, legal proceedings brought under state consumer protection statutes or under several of the various federal consumer financial services statutes may result in a separate fine assessed for each statutory and regulatory violation or substantial damages from class action lawsuits, potentially in excess of the amounts we earned from the underlying activities.
The results of any such claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations, or other legal or regulatory proceedings cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty. Any claims against us, or our partners, vendors, or other service providers, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, be harmful to our reputation, subject us to adverse media coverage, require significant management attention and divert significant resources. Determining reserves for pending litigation is a complex and fact-intensive process that requires significant subjective judgment and speculation. It is possible that a resolution of one or more such proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlement costs, fines and penalties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These proceedings, including those involving our partners, vendors, and other third parties, could also result in harm to our reputation and brand, sanctions, consent decrees, injunctions or other orders requiring a change in our business practices. Any of these consequences could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Furthermore, under certain circumstances, we have contractual and other legal obligations to indemnify and to incur legal expenses on behalf of our business and partners and current and former directors and officers.
We also include arbitration and class action waiver provisions in our terms of service with many of our consumers. These provisions are intended to streamline the litigation process for all parties involved, as they can in some cases be faster and less costly than litigating disputes in state or federal court. However, arbitration can be costly and burdensome, and the use of arbitration and class action waiver provisions subjects us to certain risks to our reputation and brand, as these provisions have been the subject of increasing public scrutiny. In order to minimize these risks to our reputation and brand, we may limit our use of arbitration and class action waiver provisions or be required to do so in a legal or regulatory proceeding, either of which could cause an increase in our litigation costs and exposure.
Further, with the potential for conflicting rules regarding the scope and enforceability of arbitration and class action waivers on a state-by-state basis, as well as between state and federal law, there is a risk that some or all of our arbitration and class action waiver provisions could be subject to challenge or may need to be revised to exempt certain categories of protection. The enforceability of arbitration and class action waiver provisions has often been challenged, particularly recently, and if those challenges are successful, these provisions could be found to be unenforceable, in whole or in part, or specific claims could be required to be exempted. Any judicial decisions, legislation, or other rules or regulations that impair our ability to enter into and enforce our arbitration agreements and class action waivers could significantly increase our exposure to potentially costly
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lawsuits, our costs to litigate disputes, and the time involved in resolving such disputes, each of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our customers are, and in some cases we are or may be, subject to, and we facilitate compliance with, a variety of federal, state, and local laws, including those related to consumer protection and financial services.
Our customers and prospective customers are highly regulated and are generally required to comply with stringent regulations in connection with performing business functions that our products and services address; we facilitate compliance with these regulatory requirements. While we currently operate our business in an effort to ensure our business itself is not subject to extensive regulation, there is a risk that certain regulations could become applicable to us, including as we expand the functionality of and services offered through the platform. In addition, we and our partners, vendors, and other service providers must comply with laws and regulatory regimes that apply to us directly and our partners, vendors, and other service providers indirectly, including through certain of our products, as a technology provider to financial services firms, and in areas such as privacy, information security and data protection, and our contractual relationships with our customers.
In particular, certain laws, regulations, and rules our customers are subject to, and we facilitate compliance with, include the:
•TILA, and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder, and similar state laws, which require certain disclosures to borrowers regarding the terms and conditions of their loans and credit transactions, and require creditors to comply with certain lending practice restrictions as well as the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure rule, or TRID, which imposes specific requirements around the collection of information, charging of fees, and disclosure of specific loan terms and costs upon receipt of an application for credit;
•TISA, and Regulation DD thereunder, which impose disclosure requirements with respect to the terms and conditions of deposit accounts;
•RESPA, and Regulation X, which require certain disclosures to be made to the borrower at application, as to the financial services firm’s good faith estimate of loan origination costs, and at closing with respect to the real estate settlement statement; prohibits giving or accepting any fee, kickback or a thing of value for the referral of real estate settlement services or accepting a portion or split of a settlement fee other than for services actually provided; for affiliated business relationships, prohibits receiving anything other than a legitimate return on ownership, requiring use of an affiliate, and failing to provide a disclosure of the affiliate relationship;
•ECOA, and Regulation B promulgated thereunder, and similar state fair lending laws, which prohibit creditors from discouraging or discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of race, color, sex, age, religion, national origin, marital status, the fact that all or part of the applicant’s income derives from any public assistance program or the fact that the applicant has in good faith exercised any right under the federal Consumer Credit Protection Act;
•FCRA, and Regulation V promulgated thereunder, impose certain obligations on consumer reporting agencies, users of consumer reports and those that furnish information to consumer reporting agencies, including obligations relating to obtaining consumer reports, marketing using consumer reports, taking adverse action on the basis of information from consumer reports and protecting the privacy and security of consumer reports and consumer report information;
•Section 5 of the FTC Act, which prohibits unfair and deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce, and Section 1031 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which prohibits unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices in connection with any consumer financial product or service, and analogous state laws prohibiting unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices;
•GLBA, and Regulation P promulgated thereunder, which include limitations on financial services firms’ disclosure of nonpublic personal information about a consumer to nonaffiliated third parties, in certain circumstances requires financial services firms to limit the use and further disclosure of nonpublic personal information by nonaffiliated third parties to whom they disclose such information, and requires financial services firms to disclose certain privacy notices and practices with respect to information sharing with affiliated and unaffiliated entities as well as to safeguard personal borrower information, and other laws and regulations relating to privacy and security;
•EFTA, and Regulation E promulgated thereunder, which provide guidelines and restrictions on the electronic transfer of funds from consumers’ bank accounts, including requirements for overdraft services and a prohibition on a creditor requiring a consumer to repay a credit agreement in preauthorized (recurring) electronic fund transfers and disclosure and authorization requirements in connection with such transfers;
•HPA, which requires certain disclosures and the cancellation or termination of mortgage insurance once certain equity levels are reached;
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•HMDA, and Regulation C, which require reporting of loan origination data, including the number of loan applications taken, approved, denied and withdrawn;
•Fair Housing Act (“FHA”), which prohibits discrimination in housing on the basis of race, sex, national origin, and certain other characteristics;
•SAFE Act, which imposes state licensing requirements on mortgage loan originators;
•state laws and regulations impose requirements related to unfair or deceptive business practices and consumer protection, as well as other state laws relating to privacy, data protection, information security, and conduct in connection with data breaches;
•TCPA, and the regulations promulgated thereunder, which impose various consumer consent requirements and other restrictions in connection with telemarketing activity and other communication with consumers by phone, fax or text message, and which provide guidelines designed to safeguard consumer privacy in connection with such communications;
•CAN-SPAM Act, and the TSR, and analogous state laws, which impose various restrictions on marketing conducted by use of email, telephone, fax or text message;
•ESIGN Act, and similar state laws, particularly UETA, which authorize the creation of legally binding and enforceable agreements utilizing electronic records and signatures and which require financial services firms to obtain a consumer’s consent to electronically receive disclosures required under federal and state laws and regulations;
•ADA, which has been interpreted to include websites as “places of public accommodations” that must meet certain federal requirements related to access and use;
•RFPA, and similar state laws enacted to provide the financial records of financial services firms’ customers a reasonable amount of privacy from government scrutiny;
•BSA, and the USA PATRIOT Act, which relate to compliance with anti-money laundering, borrower due diligence and record-keeping policies and procedures;
•the regulations promulgated by OFAC, under the U.S. Treasury Department related to the administration and enforcement of sanctions against foreign jurisdictions and persons that threaten U.S. foreign policy and national security goals, primarily to prevent targeted jurisdictions and persons from accessing the U.S. financial system; and
•other state-specific and local laws and regulations.
In addition to the laws, regulations, and rules that apply to our customers, and that we facilitate compliance with, we, in our capacity as a service provider to financial services firms and as a provider of marketplace services directly to consumers, and our partners, vendors, and other service providers, may be deemed to be subject to certain laws, regulations, and rules through our relationships with our customers including RESPA, FCRA, FTC Act, GLBA, FHA, TCPA, CAN-SPAM, TSR, ESIGN Act, ADA, OFAC, and state-specific laws and regulations, including those that impose requirements related to unfair or deceptive business practices and consumer protection, as well as other state laws relating to privacy, information security, and conduct in connection with data breaches. We may also be examined on a periodic basis by various regulatory agencies and may be required to review certain of our partners, vendors, or other service providers. These potential examinations may lead to increased regulatory compliance efforts that are time-consuming and expensive operationally. Matters subject to review and examination by federal and state regulatory agencies and external auditors include our internal information technology controls in connection with our performance of services, the agreements giving rise to these activities, and the design of our platform. Any inability to satisfy these examinations and maintain compliance with applicable regulations could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business, including attracting and maintaining customers.
In addition, we are currently subject to a variety of, and may in the future become subject to, additional, federal, state, and local laws that are continuously changing, including laws related to: title and settlement services, consumer reporting agency services, and property and casualty insurance industries; mobile- and internet-based businesses; and information security, advertising, privacy, data protection, and consumer protection. These laws can be costly to comply with, require significant management attention, and could subject us to claims, government enforcement actions, civil and criminal liability, or other remedies, including revocation of licenses and suspension of business operations.
Furthermore, federal and state officials are discussing various potential changes to laws and regulations that could impact us, including the reform of government-sponsored enterprises such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), and additional data privacy laws and regulations, among
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others. Changes in these areas, generally in the regulatory environment in which we operate and our customers operate, could adversely impact the volume of mortgage originations in the United States and our competitive position and results of operations.
While we have developed policies and procedures designed to assist in compliance with these laws and regulations, no assurance can be given that our compliance policies and procedures will be effective. Compliance with these requirements is also costly, time-consuming and limits our operational flexibility. Additionally, Congress, the states and regulatory agencies, as well as local municipalities, could further regulate the consumer financial services and adjacent industries in ways that make it more difficult or costly for us to offer our platform and related services. These laws also are often subject to changes that could severely limit the operations of our business model. Further, changes in the regulatory application or judicial interpretation of the laws and regulations applicable to financial services firms also could impact the manner in which we conduct our business.
The regulatory environment in which financial services firms operate has become increasingly complex, and following the financial crisis that began in 2008, supervisory efforts to apply relevant laws, regulations and policies have become more intense. For example, California has enacted legislation to create a “mini-CFPB,” which could strengthen state consumer protection authority of state regulators over unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts and practices. Nevertheless, if we or our partners, vendors or other service providers are found to not comply with applicable laws, we could become subject to greater scrutiny by federal and state regulatory agencies, or face other sanctions, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to continue to provide our services or make our platform available in particular states, or utilize the services of third-party providers, which may harm our business. In addition, non-compliance could subject us to damages, class action lawsuits, administrative enforcement actions, rescission rights held by investors in securities offerings and civil and criminal liability, all of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Changes in laws or regulations relating to privacy, information security, data protection, or the protection or transfer of personal information, or any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with such laws and regulations or any other obligations relating to privacy, information security, data protection, or the protection or transfer of personal information, could adversely affect our business.
We, and our partners, vendors, and other service providers, receive, collect, use, disclose, share, transfer, transmit, store, and otherwise process a large volume of personal information and other sensitive data relating to individuals, such as consumers and our employees. Our collection, use, receipt, and other processing of data in our business subjects us to numerous state, federal, and foreign laws and regulations, addressing privacy, information security, data protection, and the collection, storing, sharing, use, transfer, disclosure, protection, and processing of certain data. Such regulations include, for example, the GLBA, FCRA, California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) and the California Privacy Rights Act (the “CPRA”). These laws, rules, and regulations evolve frequently and their scope may continually change, through new legislation, amendments to existing legislation, and changes in interpretation or enforcement, and may impose conflicting and inconsistent obligations.
For example, in 2021, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) amended the GLBA’s Safeguards Rule, which requires covered financial services firms, which may include some of our customers, to develop, implement, and maintain a comprehensive information security program. The rule provides more prescriptive security controls that financial services firms must implement and oversight by a designated Qualified Individual who must provide annual written reports to the board of directors or equivalent governing body. The FTC further amended the GLBA’s Safeguards Rule in November 2023 to provide for reporting to the FTC certain security incidents in which unencrypted personal information involving 500 or more consumers is acquired without authorization. In addition, the FTC has brought enforcement actions against service providers of financial services firms directly and against financial services firms for failures by service providers to implement appropriate controls to safeguard consumers’ personal information.
The CCPA went into effect on January 1, 2020, and, among other things, requires certain disclosures to California consumers and affords such consumers certain data privacy rights. The California Attorney General can enforce the CCPA, including seeking an injunction and civil penalties of up to $7,500 per violation. The CCPA also provides a private right of action for certain data breaches that may increase data breach litigation. Additionally, the CPRA was approved by California voters in November 2020, and significantly modified the CCPA, including expanding California consumers’ rights with respect to certain personal information and creating a new state agency to oversee implementation and engage in enforcement efforts. The CPRA created obligations relating to consumer data beginning on January 1, 2022 and it became effective on January 1, 2023. Numerous states have proposed, and in certain cases enacted, legislation addressing privacy and data security that in many cases are similar to the CCPA and CPRA. For example, Connecticut, Virginia, Colorado, and Utah have enacted legislation similar to the CCPA and CPRA that took effect in 2023; Florida, Montana, Oregon, and Texas have enacted similar legislation that took effect in 2024; Delaware, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, and Tennessee have
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enacted similar legislation that has taken or will take effect in 2025; and Indiana, Kentucky, and Rhode Island have enacted similar legislation that will take effect in 2026. The California Age-Appropriate Design Code Act (“CAADCA”), which expands the CPRA for businesses with websites that are likely to be accessed by children, was signed into law on September 15, 2022 and went into effect on July 1, 2024. New York enacted a law in June 2024 that, upon becoming effective on June 20, 2025, among other things, prohibits covered “operators” from collecting, using, sharing, and selling personal data of individuals under 18 years of age unless it is strictly necessary, as specified in such legislation, or where informed consent is obtained in accordance with specified requirements. This includes, in the case of individuals under 13 years of age, obtaining parental consent in a manner compliant with the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (“COPPA”). Numerous other states have considered, and in certain cases enacted, laws that implement restrictions or prohibitions on the collection, use, or other processing of data relating to individuals under 18 years of age. The FTC also has proposed significant updates to its rules implementing COPPA that, among other changes, would create new obligations, and strengthen certain existing obligations, relating to the collection and other processing of personal information from individuals under 13 years of age.
The CCPA, CPRA, CAADCA, COPPA, other new and evolving state legislation, and other changes in laws or regulations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, particularly any new or modified laws or regulations, or changes to the interpretation or enforcement of laws or regulations, that require enhanced protection of certain types of data or new obligations with regard to data retention, transfer, or disclosure, could add additional complexity and variations in requirements, restrictions, and legal risks, greatly increase the cost of providing our platform, require significant changes to our operations and additional investment of resources, impact strategies and the availability of previously useful data for processing, or prevent us from providing our platform in jurisdictions in which we currently operate and in which we may operate in the future. Certain other state laws impose similar privacy, data protection, and information security obligations and we also expect that more states may enact new legislation to provide consumers with new privacy rights and increase the privacy, data protection, and information security obligations of entities handling certain personal information of such consumers. In addition, some jurisdictions, such as New York, Massachusetts, and Nevada have enacted more generalized information security laws that apply to certain data that we process. The U.S. federal government also has proposed legislation relating to privacy and data security. We cannot yet fully determine the impact these or future laws, rules, regulations, and industry standards may have on our business or operations. Any such laws, rules, regulations, and industry standards may be inconsistent, subject to differing interpretations, or may conflict, or be alleged to conflict, with our current or future practices. Additionally, our customers may be subject to differing privacy laws, rules, and legislation, or self-regulatory principles, codes, or other obligations, which may cause them to require us to be bound by varying contractual requirements, including certain requirements applicable to other jurisdictions. Adherence to such contractual requirements may impact our collection, use, storage, sharing, disclosure, and processing of various types of information and may mean we become bound by, or voluntarily comply with, self-regulatory or other industry standards, or other actual or asserted obligations, relating to these matters that may further change as laws, rules, and regulations evolve. Complying with these requirements and other actual or asserted obligations, and changing our policies and practices may be onerous and costly, and we may not be able to respond quickly or effectively to regulatory, legislative and other developments. These changes may in turn impair our ability to offer our existing or planned products and services and/or increase our cost of doing business.
Additionally, we have incurred, and may continue to incur, significant expenses in an effort to comply with privacy, data protection, and information security standards and protocols imposed by law, regulation, industry standards, contractual obligations, or other actual or asserted obligations, and may face substantial challenges in our efforts to do so. We may face challenges in addressing their requirements and making necessary changes to our policies and practices and may incur significant costs and expenses in an effort to do so.
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As our business grows, we may become subject to privacy, data protection, and information security laws from jurisdictions outside of the United States, potentially including the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”). The GDPR governs the collection, use, disclosure, transfer or other processing of personal data of European persons. Among other things, the GDPR imposes requirements regarding the security of personal data and notification of data processing obligations to competent national data processing authorities, provides for lawful bases on which personal data can be processed, provides for an expansive definition of personal data and requires changes to informed consent practices. In addition, the GDPR provides for heightened scrutiny of transfers of personal data from the European Economic Area (“EEA”) to the United States and other jurisdictions that the European Commission does not recognize as having “adequate” data protection laws, and imposes substantial fines for breaches and violations (up to the greater of €20 million or 4% of an enterprise’s consolidated annual worldwide gross revenue). The GDPR also confers a private right of action on data subjects and consumer associations to lodge complaints with supervisory authorities, seek judicial remedies and obtain compensation for damages resulting from violations. The United Kingdom has implemented legislation that substantially implements the GDPR in the United Kingdom, which legislation provides for penalties for violations of up to the greater of £17.5 million or 4% of an enterprise’s consolidated annual worldwide gross revenue. The United Kingdom made targeted amendments to this legislation in the Data (Use and Access) Act 2025, which received Royal Assent on June 19, 2025. If we expand our business into the EEA and/or the United Kingdom, we will need to comply with their laws addressing privacy, data protection, and information security. This will involve significant resources and expense and may also impair our ability to offer our existing or planned features, products and services and/or increase our cost of doing business.
Despite our efforts to comply with applicable laws, regulations, and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, it is possible that our interpretations of the law, practices, or platform could be inconsistent with, or fail or be alleged to fail to meet all requirements of, such laws, regulations, or actual or asserted obligations. Our failure, or the failure by our partners, vendors, service providers, or customers, to comply with applicable laws or regulations, policies, documentation, contractual obligations, or any other actual or asserted obligations relating to privacy, data protection, or information security, or any compromise of security that results in unauthorized access to, or use, release, disclosure, or other processing of data relating to consumers or other individuals, or the perception that any of the foregoing types of failure or compromise has occurred, could damage our reputation, discourage new and existing customers and consumers from using our platform, or result in fines, investigations, or proceedings by governmental agencies and private claims and litigation, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Even if not subject to legal challenge, the perception of privacy, data protection, or information security concerns, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation and brand and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
A heightened regulatory environment in the financial services industry may have an adverse impact on our customers and our business.
Since the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act, a number of substantial regulations affecting the supervision and operation of the financial services industry within the United States have been adopted, including those that establish the CFPB. The CFPB has issued guidance that applies to, and conducts direct examinations of, “supervised banks and nonbanks” as well as “supervised service providers” like us. In addition, the CFPB regulates consumer financial products and services. Certain of our partners are also subject to regulation by federal and state authorities and, as a result, could pass through some of those compliance obligations to us.
To the extent this oversight or regulation negatively impacts our customers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected because, among other matters, our customers could have less capacity to purchase products and services from us, could decide to avoid or abandon certain lines of business, or could seek to pass on increased costs to us by re-negotiating their agreements with us. Additional regulation, examination, and oversight of us could require us to modify the manner in which we contract with or provide products and services to our customers, directly or indirectly limit how much we can charge for our products and services, require us to invest additional time and resources to comply with such oversight and regulations, or limit our ability to update our existing products and services, or require us to develop new ones. Any of these events, if realized, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Failure to obtain or maintain state licenses or other regulatory infractions resulting in license revocation could impact our ability to offer products and services.
Our ability to obtain or maintain state licenses for the services offered through our platform, including for our property and casualty insurance agency and title insurance agency, depends on our ability to meet licensing requirements established by the applicable regulatory agency and adopted by each state, subject to variations across states. In addition, if we expand the functionality of and services offered through the platform, or if a regulator determines that the services offered through the
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platform require licensing, we may be required to obtain additional licensing and incur additional costs. If we are unable to satisfy the applicable licensing requirements of any particular state, we could lose our license to do business in such state, which would result in the temporary or permanent cessation of our operations in that state. Alternatively, if we are unable to satisfy, or if a regulator determines that we have not satisfied, applicable state licensing requirements, we may be subject to additional regulatory oversight, have our license suspended or may incur additional costs or regulatory infractions. Any such events could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Regulation of title insurance rates and relationships with insurance underwriters could adversely affect our title insurance business.
We are subject to extensive rate regulation by the applicable state agencies in the jurisdictions in which our title insurance business operates. Title insurance rates are regulated differently in various states, with some states requiring us to file and receive approval of rates before such rates become effective and some states promulgating the rates that can be charged. These regulations could hinder our ability to promptly adapt to changing market dynamics through price adjustments, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, particularly in a rapidly declining market.
Further, we derive a significant portion of our commission revenue from a limited number of insurance underwriters, the loss of which would result in additional expense and loss of market share. If we lose our relationships with insurance underwriters, fail to maintain good relationships with insurance underwriters, become dependent upon a limited number of insurance underwriters, or fail to develop new insurance underwriter relationships, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our position as an agent utilizing partners, vendors, and other service providers for issuing a significant amount of title and property and casualty insurance policies could adversely affect the frequency and severity of claims.
In our position as a licensed insurance agent, we may perform the search and examination function for policies we issue on behalf of underwriters or we may purchase a search product from another partner, vendor, or service provider. In either case, we are responsible for ensuring that the search and examination is completed for title insurance policies. Our relationship with each title and property and casualty insurance underwriter is governed by an agency agreement defining how an insurance policy is issued on their behalf. The agency agreement also sets forth our liability to the underwriter for policy losses attributable to our errors. Periodic audits by our underwriters are also conducted. Despite our efforts to monitor partners, vendors, and other service providers with whom we transact business, there is no guarantee that they will comply with their contractual obligations. Furthermore, we cannot be certain that, due to changes in the regulatory environment and litigation trends, we will not be held liable for errors and omissions by these vendors. Accordingly, our use of partners, vendors, and other service providers could adversely impact the frequency and severity of claims, and any such impact could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We and our insurance carriers and underwriters are subject to extensive insurance industry regulations.
In the United States, each state regulator retains the authority to license insurance agencies in their states, and an insurance agency generally may not operate in a state in which it is not licensed. Accordingly, we are not permitted to sell insurance to residents of states and territories of the United States in which we are not licensed.
Employees who engage in the solicitation, negotiation, or sale of insurance, or provide certain other insurance services, generally are required to be licensed individually. Insurance, including related laws and regulations, govern whether licensees may share commissions with unlicensed entities and individuals and, in the context of real estate settlement transactions, such payments are also subject to RESPA restrictions as it relates to splitting or sharing settlement service fees. We believe that any payments we make to third parties are in compliance with applicable laws. However, should any regulatory agency take a contrary position and prevail, we will be required to change the manner in which we pay fees to such employees or principals or require entities receiving such payments to become registered or licensed.
Our insurance products are subject to extensive regulation and supervision in the states in which we transact business by the individual state insurance departments. This regulation is generally designed to protect the interests of consumers, and not necessarily the interests of insurers or agents, their shareholders or other investors. For example, state insurance laws are generally prescriptive with respect to the content and timeliness of notices we must provide policyholders. States have also adopted legislation defining and prohibiting unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts and practices in the business of insurance that may apply to insurance agencies. Noncompliance with any of such state statutes may subject us to regulatory action by the relevant state insurance regulator, and, in certain states, private litigation. In addition, we cannot predict
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the impact that any new laws, rules or regulations may have on our business and financial results. States also regulate various aspects of the contractual relationships between insurers and independent agents. The California Department of Insurance, the insurance regulatory authority in the State of California, as well as the insurance regulators of other states in which we are licensed to sell insurance may also conduct periodic examinations. The results of these examinations can give rise to regulatory orders requiring remedial, injunctive, or other corrective action.
Although state insurance regulators have primary responsibility for administering and enforcing insurance regulations in the United States, such laws and regulations are further administered and enforced by a number of additional governmental authorities, each of which exercises a degree of interpretive latitude, including state securities administrators, state attorneys general as well as federal agencies including the Federal Reserve, the Federal Insurance Office and the U.S. Department of Justice. Consequently, compliance with any particular regulator’s or enforcement authority’s interpretation of a legal issue may not result in compliance with another’s interpretation of the same issue, particularly when compliance is judged in hindsight.
We may be subject to restrictions, actions and claims relating to the advertising, marketing and sale of insurance, including the suitability of such products and services. Actions and claims may result in the rescission of such sales; consequently, insurance carriers may seek to recoup commissions paid to us, which may lead to legal action against us. The outcome of such restrictions or actions cannot be predicted and such restrictions, claims or actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Additionally, regulations affecting insurance carriers and underwriters with which we place business may affect how we conduct our operations. Insurers are also regulated by state insurance departments for solvency issues and are subject to reserve requirements. We cannot guarantee that all insurance carriers and underwriters with whom we do business comply with regulations instituted by state insurance departments. We may need to expend resources to address questions or concerns regarding our relationships with these insurers and underwriters, diverting management resources away from operating our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The CFPB is a relatively new agency that has sometimes taken expansive views of its authority to regulate consumer financial services, creating uncertainty as to how the agency’s actions or the actions of any other new agency could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The CFPB, which commenced operations in July 2011, has broad authority to create and modify regulations under federal consumer financial protection laws and regulations, such as TILA and Regulation Z, TISA and Regulation DD, ECOA and Regulation B, FCRA and Regulation V, the EFTA and Regulation E, among other regulations, and to enforce compliance with those laws. The CFPB supervises banks, thrifts, and credit unions with assets over $10 billion and examines certain of our customers. Further, the CFPB is charged with the examination and supervision of certain participants in the consumer financial services market, including larger participants in other areas of financial services. The CFPB is also authorized to prevent “unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices” through its rulemaking, supervisory, and enforcement authority. To assist in its enforcement, the CFPB maintains an online complaint system that allows consumers to log complaints with respect to various consumer finance products. This system could inform future CFPB decisions with respect to its regulatory, enforcement or examination focus. The CFPB may also request reports concerning our organization, business conduct, markets and activities and conduct on-site examinations of our business on a periodic basis if the CFPB were to determine, through its complaint system, that we were engaging in activities that pose risks to consumers.
Although we have committed resources to enhancing our compliance programs, actions by the CFPB (or other regulators) against us, our customers or our competitors could discourage the use of our services or those of our customers, which could result in reputational harm, a loss of customers, or discourage the use of our or their services and adversely affect our business. If the CFPB changes regulations that were adopted in the past by other regulators and transferred to the CFPB by the Dodd-Frank Act, or modifies through supervision or enforcement, past regulatory guidance or interprets existing regulations in a different or stricter manner than they have been interpreted in the past by us, the industry or other regulators, our compliance costs and litigation exposure could increase materially. If the CFPB, or another regulator, were to issue a consent decree or other similar order against us, this could also directly or indirectly adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our compliance and operational costs and litigation exposure could increase if and when the CFPB amends or finalizes any proposed regulations, including the regulations discussed above or if the CFPB or other regulators enact new regulations, change regulations that were previously adopted, modify, through supervision or enforcement, past regulatory guidance, or interpret existing regulations in a manner different or stricter than have been previously interpreted.
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Our business could be adversely impacted by changes in the Internet and mobile device accessibility of consumers, and our software platform’s failure to comply with existing or future laws governing the Internet and mobile devices.
Our business depends on consumers’ access to our platform via the Internet and/or a mobile device. We may operate in jurisdictions that provide limited Internet connectivity, particularly if we expand internationally. Internet access and access to a mobile device are frequently provided by companies with significant market power that could take actions that degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of consumers’ ability to access our platform. In addition, the Internet infrastructure that we and users of our platform rely on in any particular geographic area may be unable to support the demands placed upon it. Any such failure in Internet or mobile device accessibility, even for a short period of time, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Moreover, the application of laws and regulations to online platforms is constantly evolving. Existing and future laws and regulations, or changes thereto, may impede the growth and availability of the Internet and online offerings, require us to change our business practices, or raise compliance costs or other costs of doing business. These laws and regulations, which continue to evolve, cover consumer protection, advertising practices and provision of disclosures, among other things. Any failure, or perceived failure, by us, or our software platform, as applicable, to comply with any of these laws or regulations could result in damage to our reputation and brand a loss in business and proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or others, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Indemnity provisions in various agreements potentially expose us to substantial liability for intellectual property infringement, data protection and other losses.
Our agreements with customers and other third parties may include indemnification provisions under which we agree to indemnify them for losses suffered or incurred as a result of claims of intellectual property infringement, data protection, damages caused by us to property or persons, or other liabilities relating to or arising from our platform, services, or other contractual obligations. Some of these indemnity agreements provide for uncapped liability for which we would be responsible, and some indemnity provisions survive termination or expiration of the applicable agreement. We also cannot be certain that any provisions in these agreements relating to limitations of liability would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. Large indemnity payments could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Although we carry general liability insurance, our insurance may not cover potential claims of this type or may not be adequate to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed. We generally contractually limit our liability with respect to such obligations, but we may still incur substantial liability related to such obligations and we may be required to cease use of certain functions of our platform or services as a result of any such claims. Any dispute with a customer or third party with respect to such obligations could harm our relationship with that customer or third party, as well as other existing customers and new customers, and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to various U.S. and international anti-corruption laws and other anti-bribery and anti-kickback laws and regulations.
We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (as amended, the “FCPA”), and other anti-corruption, and anti-bribery laws in the jurisdictions in which we do business, both domestic and abroad. These laws generally prohibit us and our employees from improperly influencing government officials or commercial parties in order to obtain or retain business, direct business to any person, or gain any improper advantage. The FCPA and other applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws also may hold us liable for acts of corruption and bribery committed by our partners, representatives, and agents who are acting on our behalf. We and our partners, representatives, and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities and we may be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these partners and intermediaries and our employees, representatives, contractors, and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. These laws also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, we cannot assure you that our employees and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies or applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible, and our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence expands and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.
Any violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-bribery, and anti-corruption laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, imposition of significant legal fees, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions, or suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracts, substantial diversion of management’s attention, a drop
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in our stock price, or overall adverse consequences to our business, all of which may have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Taxing authorities may successfully assert that we have not properly collected or remitted, or in the future should collect or remit, sales and use, gross receipts, value added, or similar taxes or withholding taxes, and may successfully impose additional obligations on us, and any such assessments, obligations, or inaccuracies could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The application of indirect taxes, such as sales and use tax, value-added tax, goods and services tax, business tax and gross receipts tax, to platform businesses is a complex and evolving issue. Many of the fundamental statutes and regulations that impose these taxes were established before the adoption and growth of the Internet and e-commerce. Significant judgment is required on an ongoing basis to evaluate applicable tax obligations and as a result amounts recorded are estimates and are subject to adjustments. In many cases, the ultimate tax determination is uncertain because it is not clear how new and existing statutes might apply to our business. In addition, governments are increasingly looking for ways to increase revenue, which has resulted in discussions about tax reform and other legislative action to increase tax revenue, including through indirect taxes.
We may face various indirect tax audits in various U.S. jurisdictions. In certain jurisdictions, we collect and remit indirect taxes. However, tax authorities may raise questions about or challenge or disagree with our calculation, reporting or collection of taxes and may require us to collect taxes in jurisdictions in which we do not currently do so or to remit additional taxes and interest, and could impose associated penalties and fees. For example, after the U.S. Supreme Court decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., certain states have adopted, or started to enforce, laws that may require the calculation, collection and remittance of taxes on sales in their jurisdictions, even if we do not have a physical presence in such jurisdictions. A successful assertion by one or more tax authorities requiring us to collect taxes in jurisdictions in which we do not currently do so or to collect additional taxes in a jurisdiction in which we currently collect taxes, could result in substantial tax liabilities, including taxes on past sales, as well as penalties and interest, could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
As a result of these and other factors, the ultimate amount of tax obligations owed may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements and any such difference may adversely impact our results of operations in future periods in which we change our estimates of our tax obligations or in which the ultimate tax outcome is determined.
Changes in, or interpretations of, U.S. and international tax laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The tax regimes we are subject to or operate under are unsettled and may be subject to significant change. Changes in tax laws or tax rulings, or changes in interpretations of existing laws, could cause us to be subject to additional income-based taxes and non-income taxes (such as payroll, sales, use, value-added, digital tax, net worth, property, and goods and services taxes), which in turn could materially affect our financial position and results of operations. Additionally, new, changed, modified, or newly interpreted or applied tax laws could increase our customers’ and our compliance, operating and other costs, as well as the costs of our products. For example, under provisions enacted in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”), beginning January 1, 2022, all U.S. and non-U.S. based research and experimental expenditures must be capitalized and amortized over five and fifteen years, respectively. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act ("OBBB"), enacted on July 4, 2025, revised these rules, permitting the deduction of certain U.S. research and development expenditures incurred in tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, but expenditures attributable to research and development conducted outside the U.S. must continue to be capitalized and amortized over a 15-year period. The OBBB also made changes to the calculation and deductibility of global intangible low-taxed income (renamed Net CFC Tested Income) and foreign-derived intangible income (renamed Foreign-Derived Deduction Eligible Income), in each case, a portion of which is generally deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes for corporate taxpayers. Furthermore, on August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IRA”), was signed into law, with tax provisions primarily focused on implementing a 15% minimum tax on global adjusted financial statement income, effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022, and a 1% excise tax on share repurchases occurring after December 31, 2022. While we are not immediately impacted by the IRA provisions, we will need to continue to monitor our business transactions to determine if any provisions under the IRA could impact our business in the future. As we expand the scale of our business activities, any changes in the U.S. and international taxation of such activities may increase our effective tax rate and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
As of December 31, 2024, we had net operating loss carryforwards, (“NOLs”), for federal and state income tax purposes of approximately $616.3 million and $618.1 million, respectively, available to reduce future taxable income. The federal net
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operating losses generated before 2018 will begin to expire in 2028. The federal net operating losses generated in and after 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely. The expiration of state NOL carryforwards vary by state and begin to expire in 2025. Further, as of December 31, 2024, we had research and development tax credits carryforwards for federal and state income tax purposes of approximately $25.7 million and $13.3 million, respectively, available to reduce future tax liabilities. Federal research and development tax credits will begin to expire in 2033 and the state research and development tax credits can be carried forward indefinitely. It is possible that we will not generate taxable income in time to use NOLs or tax credits before their expiration, or at all. Under Section 382 and Section 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended, the “Code”), if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change NOLs and other tax attributes, including research and development tax credits, to offset its post-change income or taxes may be limited. In general, an “ownership change” will occur if there is a cumulative change in our ownership by “5 percent stockholders” that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. Our ability to use NOLs and other tax attributes to reduce future taxable income and liabilities may be subject to annual limitations as a result of ownership changes that may occur in the future (which may be outside our control).
Federal NOLs arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 are generally subject to an 80% of taxable income limitation (as calculated before taking the NOLs into account). Our state NOLs and our tax credits may also be subject to limitations. For example, California legislation enacted in June 2024 limits the use of California state net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2024 and before January 1, 2027, which may adversely affect us if we earn taxable income in the impacted tax years. In future years, if and when a net deferred tax asset is recognized related to our NOLs, the changes in the carryforward/carryback periods as well as the new limitation on use of NOLs may significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for NOLs and tax credits.
Risks Related to Our Title365 Business
We have entered into an agreement to sell our Title365 business, and we face a number of risks related to such proposed sale.
On June 6, 2025, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Covius Services, LLC (“Purchaser”). On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Agreement, among other things, (i) Purchaser will purchase from us all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Title365 Holding Co. (“Title365”) and (ii) we, Purchaser, and Title365 are entering into certain commercial agreements (collectively, the “Transactions”).
The Transactions may be delayed, and may ultimately not be completed, due to a number of factors, including the failure to obtain regulatory approvals from the requisite government entities or the failure to satisfy the other conditions to the completion of the Transactions. If the Transactions are terminated or otherwise not completed, we would not realize any of the expected benefits of the Transactions and may suffer other consequences that could adversely affect our business, results of operations and stock price, including, among others:
•we will have incurred and may continue to incur costs relating to the Transactions, many of which are payable by us whether or not the Transactions are completed;
•matters related to the Transactions require substantial commitments of time and resources by our management team and numerous others throughout our organization, which could otherwise have been devoted to other opportunities;
•we may be subject to legal proceedings related to the Transactions or the failure to complete the Transactions, which could be time consuming and expensive, could divert our management’s attention away from our regular business and, if any lawsuit is adversely resolved against us, could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition;
•the failure to complete the Transactions may result in negative publicity and a negative perception of us in the investment community, which could negative impact on our stock price; and
•any disruptions to our business resulting from the announcement and pendency of the Transactions, including any adverse changes in our relationships with our customers, partners or employees, may continue to intensify in the event the Agreement is not consummated.
After the completion of the Transactions, we may be required to indemnify Purchaser for certain liabilities. Such liabilities may be greater than we expect and managing the claims may require significant management time and attention.
There is no guarantee that we will realize the expected benefits of the Transactions, including commercial agreements that we entered into with Purchaser and Title365 in connection with the Transactions.
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Our exposure to regulation and residential real estate transaction activity may be greater in Texas, California and Florida, where we source a significant proportion of our premiums.
A large portion of our previously reported Title segment revenue historically originated from residential real estate transactions in Texas, California and Florida. As compared to our competitors who operate on a wider geographic scale or whose business is less concentrated in these states, any adverse changes in the regulatory environment affecting title insurance and real estate settlement in Texas, California and Florida, which could include reductions in the maximum rates permitted to be charged, inadequate rate increases, or more fundamental changes in the design or implementation of the Texas, California and Florida title insurance regulatory framework, may expose us to more significant risks and our business, financial condition, and result of operations could be adversely affected.
In addition, to the extent residential real estate transaction volume in Texas, California or Florida changes significantly, whether due to changes in real estate values that differ from the overall U.S. real estate market, changes in the local economy relative to the U.S. economy, or natural disasters that disproportionately impact residential real estate activity in these states, we could experience lower revenues and growth than historically observed or projected.
Competition in the title insurance industry may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Competition in the title insurance industry is intense, particularly with respect to price, service, and expertise. Larger residential mortgage originators also look at the size and financial strength of a title insurance agency. Although we provide title settlement services to large commercial and residential customers and mortgage originators, there are other title insurance agencies that have substantially greater capital than we do, especially those affiliated with large title insurance underwriters. The size and number of title insurance agencies varies in the geographic areas in which we conduct our title business. Our existing competitors may expand their title insurance business and, although we are not aware of any current initiatives to reduce regulatory barriers to entering our industry, any such reduction could result in new competitors, including financial institutions, entering the title insurance business. From time to time, new entrants enter the marketplace with alternative products to traditional title insurance, although many of these alternative products have been disallowed by title insurance regulators. Further, advances in technologies could, over time, significantly disrupt the traditional business model of financial services and real estate-related companies, including title insurance. These alternative products or disruptive technologies, if permitted by regulators, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our success depends upon the real estate and title insurance industries continuing to adopt new products at their current pace and the continued growth and acceptance of digital products and services as effective enhancements and alternatives to traditional manual products and services.
We provide title and escrow products in part through our platform, which competes with traditional manual counterparts. We believe that the continued growth and acceptance of digital and instant experiences generally will depend, to a large extent, on the continued growth in commercial use of the internet and the continued migration of traditional offline markets and industries online.
The title and escrow process may not migrate to new technologies as quickly as (or at the levels that) we expect, and existing or future federal and state laws may prevent us from offering certain of our title and escrow products. For example, certain states do not allow remote notarization, which may impact our ability to introduce our products in certain markets.
Furthermore, although consumers have a legal right to select their own title insurance provider, as well as all of their settlement service vendors, consumers regularly use the providers recommended by their advisor, which may be their real estate agent, loan officer, or attorney. If consumer awareness of their right to select their own title insurance provider or settlement service vendors and/or if demand for online title and escrow products does not increase, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Moreover, if, for any reason, an unfavorable perception develops that digital experiences and/or automation are less efficacious than in-person closings or traditional offline methods of preparing closing disclosures, purchasing title insurance and other services, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
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Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties
We rely on partners, vendors, and other service providers to provide some of the software or data for our platform. If such partners, vendors, and other service providers interfere with the distribution of our platform or with our use of such software, our business could be adversely affected.
We rely upon certain partners, vendors, and other service providers to provide data used in, and software employed by, our platform and services or by customers and consumers using our platform and services, and it is possible that such software or data may not be reliable. From time to time we may in the future have disputes with certain of our partners, vendors, and other service providers. If, in connection with such a dispute, a partner, vendor, or service provider terminates its relationship with us or otherwise limits the provision of their software or data to us, the availability or usage of our platform could be disrupted. If the partners, vendors, and other service providers we rely upon cease to provide access to the software and/or data that we and our customers and consumers use, whether in connection with disputes or otherwise, do not provide access to such software and/or data on terms that we believe to be attractive or reasonable, or do not provide us with the most current version of such software, we may be required to seek comparable software and/or data from other sources, which may be more expensive or inferior, or may not be available at all, any of which would adversely affect our business.
We primarily rely on Amazon Web Services to deliver our services to users on our platform, and any disruption of or interference with our use of Amazon Web Services could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We currently host our platform and support our operations using data centers provided by Amazon Web Services (“AWS”), a third-party provider of cloud infrastructure services. We do not have control over the operations of the facilities of AWS that we use. AWS’ facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural disasters, cyberattacks, terrorist attacks, power outages, infrastructure changes, human error, disruptions in telecommunications services, fraud, military or political conflicts, computer viruses, ransomware, malware, and similar events or acts of misconduct. Our platform’s continuing and uninterrupted performance is critical to our success. We have experienced, and expect that in the future we will experience interruptions, delays, and outages in service and availability from time to time due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, website hosting disruptions, and capacity constraints. In addition, any changes in AWS’ service levels may adversely affect our ability to meet the requirements of users on our platform. Since our platform’s continuing and uninterrupted performance is critical to our success, sustained or repeated system failures would reduce the attractiveness of our platform. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve our performance, especially during peak usage times, as we expand and the usage of our platform increases. Any negative publicity arising from these disruptions and any of the above circumstances or events may harm our reputation and brand, reduce the availability or usage of our platform, lead to a significant short-term loss of revenue, increase our costs, and impair our ability to attract new users, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our master agreement with AWS will remain in effect until terminated by AWS or us. We have a three-year agreement with AWS, expiring on June 30, 2026, that may only be terminated by us or AWS for cause upon a material breach of the agreement, subject to the terminating party providing prior written notice and a 30-day cure period. Even though our platform is entirely in the cloud, our plan is to be vendor-agnostic and we believe that we could transition to one or more alternative cloud infrastructure providers on commercially reasonable terms. We do not believe that such transfer to, or the addition of, new cloud infrastructure service providers would cause substantial harm to our business, financial condition, and results of operations over the longer term.
We depend on the interoperability of our platform across third-party applications and services that we do not control.
We have built integrations with many technology partners, including leading providers of customer relationship management platforms, loan origination systems, core banking systems, document generation systems, income and asset verification services, and pricing and product engines, and a variety of other service providers. Third-party applications, products, and services are constantly evolving, and we may not be able to maintain or modify our platform to ensure its compatibility with third-party offerings following development changes. In addition, some of our competitors, partners, or other service providers may take actions that disrupt the interoperability of our platform with their own products or services, or exert strong business influence on our ability to, and the terms on which we operate our platform. As our platform evolves, we expect the types and levels of competition we face to increase. Should any of our competitors, partners, or other service providers modify their technologies, standards, or terms of use in a manner that degrades the functionality or performance of our platform or is otherwise unsatisfactory to us or gives preferential treatment to our other competitors’ products or services, our platform, business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.
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The loss of access to credit, employment, financial and other data from external sources could harm our ability to provide our products and services.
We rely on a wide variety of data sources to provide our services and products, including data collected from applicants and borrowers, credit bureaus, payroll providers, data aggregators, and unaffiliated third parties. If we are unable to access and use data collected from or on behalf of applicants and borrowers, or other third-party data, or our access to such data is limited, our ability to provide our services and enable our customers to verify applicant data would be compromised. Any of the foregoing could negatively impact the consumer experience of our platform, the volume of loans enabled through our platform, the delivery of certain services, including closing services like title and settlement services, and the degree of automation in our application process and on our platform.
Further, although we utilize third parties to enable financial services firms to verify the income and employment information provided by certain selected applicants, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of applicant information. Information provided by borrowers may be incomplete, inaccurate, or intentionally false. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property
Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our business depends on our intellectual property, the protection of which is important to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of trademark, trade secret, copyright, and patent law and contractual restrictions to protect our intellectual property. In addition, we attempt to protect our intellectual property, technology, and confidential information by requiring our employees and consultants who develop intellectual property on our behalf to enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements, and third parties we share information with to enter into nondisclosure agreements. These agreements may not effectively prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property, or technology and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information or technology, or infringement of our intellectual property. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may copy aspects of our platform or other software, technology, and functionality or obtain and use information that we consider proprietary. In addition, unauthorized parties may also attempt, or successfully endeavor, to obtain our intellectual property, confidential information, and trade secrets through various methods, including through cyberattacks, and legal or other methods of protecting this data may be inadequate.
We have registered the term “Blend” in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, and as of September 30, 2025, we had pending trademark applications in the United States. We have also registered the term “Title365” in the United States. Additionally, we have registered domain names that we use in, or are related to, our business, most importantly blend.com and title365.com. Competitors have and may continue to adopt service names similar to ours, thereby harming our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to user confusion. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark infringement claims brought by owners of other trademarks that are similar to our trademarks. As of September 30, 2025, we had one issued patent in the United States. Litigation or proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or other governmental authorities and administrative bodies in the United States and abroad may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights and to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Further, we may not timely or successfully apply for a patent or register our trademarks or otherwise secure our intellectual property. Our efforts to protect, maintain, or enforce our proprietary rights may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Intellectual property infringement assertions by third parties could result in significant costs and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and reputation.
We operate in an industry with frequent intellectual property litigation. Other parties may assert that we have infringed their intellectual property rights. We could be required to pay substantial damages or cease using intellectual property or technology that is deemed infringing.
Further, we cannot predict whether assertions of third-party intellectual property rights or claims arising from such assertions would substantially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The defense of these claims and any future infringement claims, whether they are with or without merit or are determined in our favor, may result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel. Further, an adverse outcome of a dispute may require us to pay
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damages, potentially including treble damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully infringed a party’s patent or copyright rights, cease making, licensing, or using products that are alleged to incorporate the intellectual property of others, expend additional development resources to redesign our offerings, and enter into potentially unfavorable royalty or license agreements in order to obtain the right to use necessary technologies. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may be unavailable on terms acceptable to us, or at all. In any event, we may need to license intellectual property which would require us to pay royalties or make one-time payments. Even if these matters do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, the time and resources necessary to resolve them could adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations, and reputation.
Our platform contains third-party open source software components, and failure to comply with the terms of the underlying open source software licenses could restrict our ability to provide our platform.
Our platform contains software modules licensed to us by third-party authors under “open source” licenses. Use and distribution of open source software may entail greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide support, warranties, indemnification, or other contractual protections regarding infringement claims or the quality of the code. In addition, the public availability of such software may make it easier for others to compromise our platform.
Some open source licenses contain requirements that may, depending on how the licensed software is used or modified, require that we make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create based upon the licensed open source software, authorize further modification and redistribution of that source code, make that source code available at little or no cost, or grant other licenses to our intellectual property. If we combine our proprietary software with open source software in a certain manner, we could, under certain open source licenses, be required to release the source code of our proprietary software under the terms of an open source software license. This could enable our competitors to create similar offerings with lower development effort and time and ultimately could result in a loss of our competitive advantages. Alternatively, to avoid the release of the affected portions of our source code, we could be required to purchase additional licenses, expend substantial time, and resources to re-engineer some or all of our software or cease use or distribution of some or all of our software until we can adequately address the concerns.
Although we have certain policies and procedures in place to monitor our use of open source software that are designed to avoid subjecting our platform to conditions, those policies and procedures may not be effective to detect or address all such conditions. In addition, the terms of many open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts, and there is a risk that these licenses could be construed in a way that could impose unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to provide or distribute our platform. From time to time, there have been claims challenging the ownership of open source software against companies that incorporate open source software into their solutions. As a result, we could be subject to lawsuits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software. If we are held to have breached or failed to fully comply with all the terms and conditions of an open source software license, we could face infringement or other liability, or be required to seek costly licenses from third parties to continue providing our platform on terms that are not economically feasible, to re-engineer our platform, to discontinue or delay the provision of our platform if re-engineering could not be accomplished on a timely basis, or to make generally available, in source code form, our proprietary code, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
The multi-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend, Co-Founder, and Chair of our board of directors, which will severely limit your ability to influence or direct the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our board of directors, the adoption of amendments to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, and the approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transaction.
Our Class A common stock has one vote per share, our Class B common stock has 40 votes per share, and our Class C common stock has no voting rights, except as otherwise required by law. As of December 31, 2023, Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend, Co-Founder, and Chair of our board of directors, beneficially owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. As of September 30, 2025, the shares beneficially owned by Mr. Ghamsari represented approximately 33% of the total voting power of our outstanding capital stock, which voting power may increase over time as Mr. Ghamsari exercises equity awards and exchanges them for our Class B common stock under the Equity Exchange Agreement. If all such equity awards held by Mr. Ghamsari (including the Co-Founder and Head of Blend Long-Term Performance Award) had been exercised for cash as of September 30, 2025, Mr. Ghamsari would hold approximately 78% of the voting power of our outstanding capital
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stock. As a result, for the foreseeable future, Mr. Ghamsari will be able to significantly influence matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of members of our board of directors, the adoption of amendments to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, and the approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transaction. Mr. Ghamsari may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interest. The concentration of control will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future and could have the effect of delaying, preventing, or deterring a change in control of our company, could deprive you and other holders of Class A common stock of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A common stock as part of a sale of our company and could negatively affect the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, this may prevent or discourage unsolicited acquisition proposals or offers for our capital stock that you may feel are in your best interest as one of our stockholders.
Because of the 40-to-one voting ratio between our Class B and Class A common stock, even if Mr. Ghamsari transfers or sells a significant number of shares of Class A common stock, he will continue to control a significant portion of the voting power of our capital stock based on his current ownership. Transfers by Mr. Ghamsari and his affiliates of Class B common stock generally result in those shares converting into shares of Class A common stock, subject to limited exceptions, such as certain transfers effected for estate planning or charitable purposes. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon (i) the date fixed by our board of directors that is no less than 61 days and no more than 180 days following the first date following the completion of our initial public offering (“IPO”), on which the number of shares of our capital stock, including Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock, and any shares of capital stock underlying equity securities or other convertible instruments, held by Mr. Ghamsari and his affiliates is less than 35% of the number of shares of Class B common stock held by Mr. Ghamsari and his affiliates as of immediately following the completion of our IPO, which we sometimes refer to herein as the 35% Ownership Threshold; (ii) 12 months after the death or total disability of Mr. Ghamsari, during which 12-month period the shares of our Class B common stock shall be voted as directed by a person designated by Mr. Ghamsari and approved by our board of directors (or if there is no such person, then our secretary then in office); (iii) the date fixed by our board of directors that is no less than 61 days and no more than 180 days following the date on which Mr. Ghamsari is terminated for cause (as defined in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation); (iv) the date fixed by our board of directors that is no less than 61 days and no more than 180 days following the date upon which (A) Mr. Ghamsari is no longer providing services to us as an officer or employee and (B) Mr. Ghamsari is no longer a member of our board of directors, either as a result of Mr. Ghamsari’s voluntary resignation or as a result of a request or agreement by Mr. Ghamsari at a meeting of our stockholders for Mr. Ghamsari not to be renominated as a member of our board of directors; or (v) the 50-year anniversary of the completion of our IPO. We refer to the date on which such final conversion of all outstanding shares of Class B common stock pursuant to the terms of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation occurs as the Final Conversion Date.
No shares of our Class C common stock, which entitle the holder to zero votes per share (except as otherwise required by law), were issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and we have no current plans to issue shares of Class C common stock. These shares will be available to be used in the future to further strategic initiatives, such as financings or acquisitions, or issue future equity awards to our service providers. Over time the issuance of shares of Class A common stock will result in voting dilution to all of our stockholders and this dilution could eventually result in Mr. Ghamsari and his affiliates holding a lower percentage of our total outstanding voting power. Because the shares of Class C common stock have no voting rights (except as required by law), the issuance of such shares will not result in further voting dilution, which would prolong the significant voting influence of Mr. Ghamsari. Further, the issuance of such shares of Class C common stock to Mr. Ghamsari would also delay the final conversion of all of our outstanding Class B common stock because shares of Class C common stock issued to Mr. Ghamsari would be counted when determining whether the 35% Ownership Threshold has been met. As a result, the issuance of shares of Class C common stock could prolong the duration of Mr. Ghamsari’s significant influence on the election of our directors and outcome of most matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. In addition, we could issue shares of Class C common stock to Mr. Ghamsari and, in that event, he would be able to sell such shares of Class C common stock and achieve liquidity in his holdings without diminishing his voting control. Sales of significant amounts of stock by Mr. Ghamsari or changes in our capital structure, including as a result of the Final Conversion Date, could result in a change of control or cause volatility in our stock price and uncertainty. Any future issuances of shares of Class C common stock will not be subject to approval by our stockholders except as required by the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange.
The trading price of our Class A common stock has been and may continue to be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.
The trading price of our Class A common stock has been and may continue to be volatile and could be subject to fluctuations or declines in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These fluctuations could cause you to lose all or part of your investment in our Class A common stock since you might be unable to sell your shares at or above the price you
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paid for such shares. Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our Class A common stock include the following:
•price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time;
•volatility in the trading prices and trading volumes of technology stocks;
•changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of other technology companies generally, or those in our industry in particular;
•sales of shares of our Class A common stock by us or our stockholders, including sales by or on behalf of Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend, Co-Founder and Chair of our board of directors, to reduce or satisfy the outstanding amounts under his personal loans as required or permitted under his loan documentation with certain lenders (including as a result of foreclosure), under which he has pledged shares of his Class A common stock to secure certain personal indebtedness, or for any other reason;
•changes in our capital structure, including as a result of the Final Conversion Date, which could result in a change of control;
•the amounts and timing of repurchases, if any, under our share repurchase program;
•failure of securities analysts to maintain coverage of us or changes in financial estimates by securities analysts who follow our company;
•failure to meet our financial estimates or expectations or the financial estimates or expectations of securities analysts or investors;
•the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in those projections, or our failure to meet those projections;
•announcements by us or our competitors of new services or platform features;
•the public’s reaction to our press releases, other public announcements, and filings with the SEC;
•rumors and market speculation involving us or other companies in our industry;
•actual or anticipated changes in our results of operations or fluctuations in our results of operations;
•actual or anticipated developments in our business, our competitors’ businesses, or the competitive landscape generally;
•litigation involving us, our industry or both, or investigations by regulators into our operations or those of our competitors;
•actual or perceived privacy or security breaches or other incidents;
•developments or disputes concerning our intellectual property or other proprietary rights;
•announced or completed acquisitions of businesses, services, or technologies by us or our competitors;
•announced or completed strategic transactions by us or our competitors;
•new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;
•changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations, or principles;
•any significant change in our management;
•failure to continue to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”);
•general economic conditions and slow or negative growth of our markets; and
•other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism, natural disasters, public health concerns or epidemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, the war in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, or responses to these events.
In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a particular company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.
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We currently qualify as an “emerging growth company” and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act, and have the option to utilize certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (A) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of our IPO, (B) in which we have total annual revenue of at least $1.235 billion, or (C) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, with at least $700 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates as of the prior June 30th, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.
Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We intend to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates. While we have not made such an irrevocable election, we have not delayed the adoption of any applicable accounting standards. Further, we may take advantage of some of the other reduced regulatory and reporting requirements that will be available to us so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company.
Among other things, this means that our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company, which may increase the risk that weaknesses or deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting go undetected. Likewise, so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company, we may elect not to provide you with certain information, including certain financial information and certain information regarding compensation of our executive officers, that we would otherwise have been required to provide in filings we make with the SEC, which may make it more difficult for investors and securities analysts to evaluate our company. As a result, investor confidence in our company and the market price of our Class A common stock may be adversely affected. Further, we cannot predict if investors will find our Class A common stock less attractive if we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Delaware law and provisions in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the market price of our Class A common stock.
Our status as a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. In addition, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of our company more difficult, including the following:
•any amendments to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation require the approval of at least a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock voting as a single class;
•our amended and restated bylaws provide that approval of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock voting as a single class is required for stockholders to amend or adopt any provision of our amended and restated bylaws;
•our multi-class common stock structure, which provides Nima Ghamsari with the ability to determine or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even if he owns significantly less than a majority of the shares of our outstanding Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock;
•until the first date on which the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock represent less than a majority of the total combined voting power of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock (the “Voting Threshold
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Date”), our stockholders will only be able to take action by written consent if such action is first recommended or approved by our board of directors, and after the Voting Threshold Date, our stockholders will only be able to take action at a meeting of stockholders and will not be able to take action by written consent for any matter;
•our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting;
•vacancies on our board of directors are able to be filled only by our board of directors and not by stockholders;
•a special meeting of our stockholders may only be called by the chairperson of our board of directors, our principal executive officer, our president, or a majority of our board of directors;
•certain litigation against us can only be brought in Delaware;
•our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes undesignated preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and shares of which may be issued without further action by our stockholders; and
•advance notice procedures apply for stockholders to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring matters before an annual meeting of stockholders.
These provisions, alone or together, could discourage, delay, or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of our company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions they desire, any of which, under certain circumstances, could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our Class A common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Class A common stock.
Our amended and restated bylaws designate a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or other employees to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or our amended and restated bylaws, or (iv) any other action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware), in all cases subject to the court having jurisdiction over indispensable parties named as defendants.
Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all such Securities Act actions. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations, our amended and restated bylaws also provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Nothing in our amended and restated bylaws precludes stockholders that assert claims under the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to these provisions. These exclusive forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers, and other employees. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ charter documents has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that a court could find these types of provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable. For example, in December 2018, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware determined that a provision stating that U.S. federal district courts are the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act is not enforceable. Although this decision was reversed by the Delaware Supreme Court in March 2020, courts in other states may still find these provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable. If a court were to find the exclusive forum provisions in our amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
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The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on an as-converted to Class A common stock basis and have rights to approve certain actions. Additionally, Haveli may exercise influence over us through their ability to designate a member of our board of directors.
On April 29, 2024, we entered into an Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”) with Haveli Brooks Aggregator L.P. (“Haveli”) and issued 150,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) for an aggregate purchase price of $150.0 million. The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote with the holders of our Class A common stock on all matters submitted for a vote of holders of shares of Class A common stock (voting together with the holders of shares of Class A common stock as a single class) on an as-converted basis.
Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, Haveli has the right to designate one candidate for nomination for election to our board of directors for so long as Haveli and its permitted transferees maintain minimum aggregate holdings of our stock as described in further detail in the Investment Agreement. Notwithstanding the fact that all of our directors are subject to fiduciary duties to us and to applicable law, the interests of the director designated by Haveli may differ from the interests of our securityholders as a whole or of our other directors.
Additionally, the consent of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock is required in order for us to take certain actions, including issuing securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock, increasing the number of shares available for grant under our equity compensation plans or making grants in excess of specified thresholds, incurring debt, redeeming or paying dividends on our common stock, engaging in certain mergers or acquisitions or divestitures, liquidating or dissolving, engaging in transactions with affiliates, incurring certain expenses in excess of our board-approved budget, and terminating the employment of certain of our officers. As a result, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock may in the future have the ability to influence the outcome of certain matters affecting our governance and capitalization.
The issuance of shares of our Series A Preferred Stock reduces the relative voting power of holders of our Class A common stock, and the conversion of those shares into shares of our Class A common stock would dilute the ownership of Class A common stockholders and may adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.
The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote, on an as-converted basis, together with holders of our Class A common stock on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of our Class A common stock, which reduces the relative voting power of the holders of our Class A common stock. In addition, the conversion of our Series A Preferred Stock into Class A common stock or the exercise of the Haveli Warrant to purchase up to 11,111,112 shares of Class A common stock, at a purchase price of $4.50 per share of Class A common stock (the “Haveli Warrant”), would dilute the ownership interest of existing holders of our Class A common stock, and any conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock or exercise of the Haveli Warrant would increase the number of shares of our Class A common stock available for public trading, and which may adversely affect prevailing market prices of our Class A common stock.
Our Series A Preferred Stock has rights, preferences and privileges that are not held by, and are preferential to the rights of, our Class A common stockholders, which could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.
The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock have the right to receive a payment on account of the distribution of assets on any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our business before any payment may be made to holders of any other class or series of capital stock.
The holders of our Series A Preferred Stock also have certain redemption rights, including the right to require us to repurchase all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock at any time following the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date and a majority of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have the right to cause the Company to redeem, in whole, but not in part, the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at specified prices. In addition, upon prior written notice of certain change of control events, unless the holders elect to convert their shares of the Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Class A common stock, the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock will automatically be redeemed by us.
These repurchase obligations could impact our liquidity and reduce the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures, growth opportunities, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes. Our obligations to the holders of our Series A Preferred Stock could also limit our ability to obtain additional financing, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operation and financial condition. The preferential rights could also result in divergent interests between the holders of our Series A Preferred Stock and our other securityholders.
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If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendation regarding our Class A common stock adversely, the market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market, or our competitors. The analysts’ estimates are based upon their own opinions and are often different from our estimates or expectations. If any of the analysts who cover us change their recommendation regarding our Class A common stock adversely, provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our securities would likely decline. If few securities analysts commence coverage of us, or if one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets and demand for our securities could decrease, which could cause the price and trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline.
We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
We have never declared nor paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends to holders of our capital stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital stock is likely to be restricted by any current and/or future debt financing arrangement we enter into. Consequently, stockholders must rely on sales of their Class A common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment.
ITEM 2. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The following table summarizes the share repurchase activity for the three months ended September 30, 2025:
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (in thousands)(1) | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (in thousands)(1) | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)(1) | ||||||||||
| July 1 - 31 | 727 | $ | 3.46 | 727 | $ | 18.4 | ||||||||
| August 1 - 31 | 863 | $ | 2.95 | 863 | $ | 15.8 | ||||||||
| September 1 - 30 | — | $ | — | — | $ | 15.8 | ||||||||
| Total | 1,590 | $ | — | 1,590 | $ | 15.8 | ||||||||
(1) On August 6, 2024, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2025, 2,857,471 shares were repurchased under the program. Refer to Note 10, Stockholders Equity, of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Except as described below, during the three months ended September 30, 2025, none of our officers or directors, as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act, adopted , modified, or terminated any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) (a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement”) or any “non Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as defined in Regulation S-K Item 408.
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On August 13, 2025 , Nima Ghamsari , our Head of Blend , terminated two Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements previously adopted on December 13, 2024 and June 13, 2025, respectively. The terminated trading arrangements provided for the potential sale of up to an aggregate of 800,000 and 1,190,000 shares of our Class A common stock, respectively. The trading arrangements were intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c).
On September 9, 2025 , Oxana Tkach , our Head of Accounting and FP&A , adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement providing for the sale from time to time of an aggregate of up to 81,250 shares of our Class A common stock, with the exact number of shares to be sold pursuant to Ms. Tkach’s trading arrangement to be determined based on market prices of our Class A common stock. The trading arrangement is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c). The duration of the trading arrangement is until July 31, 2026 , or earlier if all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed.
On September 12, 2025 , Winnie Ling , our Head of Legal and People , adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement providing for the sale from time to time of an aggregate of up to 100,000 shares of our Class A common stock, with the exact number of shares to be sold pursuant to Ms. Ling’s trading arrangement to be determined based on market prices of our Class A common stock. The trading arrangement is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c). The duration of the trading arrangement is until June 30, 2026 , or earlier if all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit Number | Description | ||||
10.1+ | |||||
10.2+ | |||||
| 31.1 | |||||
| 31.2 | |||||
| 32.1† | |||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document. | ||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | ||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). | ||||
_______________
+ Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
† The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are deemed furnished and not filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
BLEND LABS, INC. | ||||||||||||||
Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Nima Ghamsari | |||||||||||
Nima Ghamsari | ||||||||||||||
Head of Blend and Co-Founder | ||||||||||||||
(Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||||||||
Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Jason Ream | |||||||||||
Jason Ream | ||||||||||||||
Head of Finance | ||||||||||||||
(Principal Financial Officer) | ||||||||||||||
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August 6, 2025
CONFIDENTIAL
Offer Letter - Jason Ream
Dear Jason,
Blend Labs, Inc. (“Blend” or the "Company") is pleased to offer you employment on the following terms:
Position
Your expected start date with the Company is August 7, 2025 (the actual date you begin your employment with the Company, the “Start Date”) and this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) sets forth the terms and conditions of your employment with the Company effective as of the Start Date. Your period of employment under this Agreement is referred to as the “Employment Term”.
Your expected start date with the Company is August 7, 2025 (the actual date you begin your employment with the Company, the “Start Date”) and this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) sets forth the terms and conditions of your employment with the Company effective as of the Start Date. Your period of employment under this Agreement is referred to as the “Employment Term”.
Your position will be Head of Finance and Administration and you will report to the Head of Blend, Nima Ghamsari; provided, that you will assume the Head of Finance role after the filing of the Company’s 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025. This is a full-time position. While you render services to the Company, you will not engage in any other employment, consulting or other business activity (whether full-time or part-time) that would create a conflict of interest with the Company.
By signing this Agreement, you confirm to the Company that you have no contractual commitments or other legal obligations that would prohibit you from performing your duties for the Company. If you have any contractual obligations to current or prior employers that are of concern to you, it will be your responsibility to get independent legal counsel regarding the relevance of those obligations to the position being offered to you. No one in the Company is authorized to provide you advice in this regard. Please advise us if you feel there is a potential impediment to performing the job offered.
Cash compensation
Annual Base: During the Employment Term, your annual base salary will be $400,000, payable in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll schedule. Your base salary will be subject to review and adjustments will be made based upon the Company’s normal performance review practices or pursuant to employee compensation policies in effect from time to time.
Annual Base: During the Employment Term, your annual base salary will be $400,000, payable in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll schedule. Your base salary will be subject to review and adjustments will be made based upon the Company’s normal performance review practices or pursuant to employee compensation policies in effect from time to time.
Annual Bonus: During the Employment Term, you will be eligible to earn an annual cash bonus with a target value of $250,000, based on achieving performance objectives established by the Company in its sole discretion and payable upon achievement of those objectives as determined by the Company (in each case, including by the Company’s Board of Directors or its designated committee (the Board of Directors or its designated committee, together, the “Committee”), if applicable). If any portion of such bonus is earned, it
will be paid when practicable after the Company determines it has been earned, subject to you remaining employed with the Company through the payment date. Your annual bonus opportunity will be subject to review and adjustments will be made based upon the Company’s normal performance review practices or pursuant to employee compensation policies in effect from time to time. .
Equity Awards
Restricted Stock Units (“RSU”): Subject to the approval of the Committee and your continued employment on the grant date, you will be granted an award of RSUs with respect to 2,200,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (“Shares”) with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement (the “RSU Award”).
You will vest in 25% of the RSUs subject to the RSU Award after 12 months of continuous service, on the first Quarterly Vesting Date thereafter. The remaining 75% of the RSUs subject to the RSU Award will vest in equal quarterly installments over the next 36 months of continuous service, with each quarterly installment vesting on a Quarterly Vesting Date, as described in the applicable RSU agreement. For purposes of the RSU Award, Quarterly Vesting Dates occur on the first trading day on or after each of February 20, May 20, August 20, and November 20.
The RSUs are subject to the terms and conditions of the equity plan, the applicable award agreement and any other requirements provided to you in connection with the granting of the RSU Award.
You will be eligible to receive additional awards of stock options, restricted stock units, or other equity awards pursuant to any plans or arrangements the Company may have in effect from time to time. The Committee will determine in its discretion whether you will be granted any such equity awards and the terms of any such award in accordance with the terms of any applicable plan or arrangement that may be in effect from time to time.
Change in Control: You will be eligible to enter into a Change in Control Severance Agreement (the “CIC Severance Agreement”) applicable to you based on your position within the Company. The CIC Severance Agreement will specify the severance payments and benefits you may become entitled to receive in connection with certain qualifying terminations of your employment with the Company.
General Equity Terms: The RSU Award will be subject to the terms and conditions applicable to awards granted under the Company’s 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), as described in the Plan and the applicable award agreement. The RSU Awards will be granted on the quarterly grant date following the Start Date, subject to certain grant cutoff dates in accordance with Company equity grant practices. The
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quarterly grant dates are on or around February 20, May 20, August 20, and November 20, with grant cutoff dates occurring on or around the 12th day of each of these months. If the Start Date is in one of these months and after the grant cutoff date, your RSU Awards will be issued on the quarterly grant date occurring in the next quarter.
Employee benefits
During the Employment Term, as a regular employee of the Company, you will be eligible to participate in a number of Company-sponsored benefits. In addition, you will be entitled to paid time off (PTO) in accordance with the Company’s PTO policy, as in effect from time to time. You will be provided with additional information about these benefits upon or shortly following the Start Date. The Company reserves the right to modify, amend, suspend, or terminate the benefit plans, programs, and policies it offers to its employees at any time.
During the Employment Term, as a regular employee of the Company, you will be eligible to participate in a number of Company-sponsored benefits. In addition, you will be entitled to paid time off (PTO) in accordance with the Company’s PTO policy, as in effect from time to time. You will be provided with additional information about these benefits upon or shortly following the Start Date. The Company reserves the right to modify, amend, suspend, or terminate the benefit plans, programs, and policies it offers to its employees at any time.
Proprietary information and inventions agreement
Like all Company employees, you are required, as a condition of your employment with the Company, to sign the Company’s standard Proprietary Information and Invention Assignment Agreement (the “Proprietary Information Agreement”), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
Like all Company employees, you are required, as a condition of your employment with the Company, to sign the Company’s standard Proprietary Information and Invention Assignment Agreement (the “Proprietary Information Agreement”), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
The Company respects the right of every employer to protect its confidential and proprietary information. You therefore agree to abide by the Company’s strict policy that prohibits any employee from using, disclosing, or bringing with them from any prior employer any confidential information, trade secrets, proprietary materials, or processes of such former employers. You hereby represent that you have returned all property and confidential information belonging to any prior employers.
Arbitration agreement
Like all new hires, you will be required, as a condition of your employment with the Company, to sign the Company's standard Arbitration Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B.
Employee relationship
Employment with the Company is for no specific period of time. Your employment with the Company will be “at will,” meaning that either you or the Company may terminate your employment at any time and for any reason, with or without Cause. Any contrary representations that may have been made to you are superseded by this Agreement. This is the full and complete agreement between you and the Company on this term. Although your job duties, title, compensation, and benefits, as well as the Company’s personnel policies and procedures, may change from time to time, the “at will” nature of your employment may only be changed in an express written agreement signed by you and a duly authorized officer of the Company (other than you).
Employment with the Company is for no specific period of time. Your employment with the Company will be “at will,” meaning that either you or the Company may terminate your employment at any time and for any reason, with or without Cause. Any contrary representations that may have been made to you are superseded by this Agreement. This is the full and complete agreement between you and the Company on this term. Although your job duties, title, compensation, and benefits, as well as the Company’s personnel policies and procedures, may change from time to time, the “at will” nature of your employment may only be changed in an express written agreement signed by you and a duly authorized officer of the Company (other than you).
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In this Agreement, “Cause” for termination means (i) your conviction of, or plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony under the laws of the United States or any State thereof; (ii) an unauthorized use or disclosure by you of the Company’s confidential information or trade secrets, which use or disclosure causes material harm to the Company; (iii) a material breach by you of any written agreement between you and the Company regarding the terms of your service to the Company; (iv) a material failure by you to comply with the Company’s written policies or rules that causes material harm to the Company; (v) your gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of your duties to the Company that causes material harm to the Company; (vi) a continuing failure by you to perform assigned duties after receiving written notification of such failure from the Board; or (vii) a failure by you to participate in good faith with a governmental or internal investigation of the Company or its directors, officers or employees, if the Company has requested your cooperation; provided that any action, failure, breach or misconduct described in clauses (ii) through (vii) will constitute “Cause” only if such action, failure, breach or misconduct continues after the Company has provided you with written notice and thirty (30) days to cure the same, if such action, failure, breach or misconduct is curable.
Severance
Your employment with the Company will be “at will” and may be terminated at any time and for any reason, with or without Cause. However, in the event that the Company terminates your employment without Cause and other than by reason of your death or total and permanent disability (as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), the Company will offer you (i) six (6) months of your base salary (“Severance Pay”) in effect immediately prior to your termination and (ii) an amount representing Company-paid COBRA for you and your covered dependents for a period of six (6) months following your termination (“Benefits Severance Pay”), in each case in exchange for your execution (without revocation) of a separation agreement and release of claims in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company. If you choose not to execute the separation agreement and release of claims, or revoke your execution (to the extent you are entitled to do so), you will not receive the Severance Pay or the Benefits Severance Pay. The terms and conditions for the separation agreement and release of claims, including the time within which such agreement is required to be signed, will be set forth in detail in the separation agreement and release of claims itself.
Your employment with the Company will be “at will” and may be terminated at any time and for any reason, with or without Cause. However, in the event that the Company terminates your employment without Cause and other than by reason of your death or total and permanent disability (as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), the Company will offer you (i) six (6) months of your base salary (“Severance Pay”) in effect immediately prior to your termination and (ii) an amount representing Company-paid COBRA for you and your covered dependents for a period of six (6) months following your termination (“Benefits Severance Pay”), in each case in exchange for your execution (without revocation) of a separation agreement and release of claims in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company. If you choose not to execute the separation agreement and release of claims, or revoke your execution (to the extent you are entitled to do so), you will not receive the Severance Pay or the Benefits Severance Pay. The terms and conditions for the separation agreement and release of claims, including the time within which such agreement is required to be signed, will be set forth in detail in the separation agreement and release of claims itself.
In the event of your death before all payments or benefits you are entitled to receive under this Agreement have been provided, the unpaid amounts will be provided to your designated beneficiary, if living, or otherwise to your personal representative in a single lump sum as soon as possible following your death. If your employment with the Company terminates by reason of your death or total and permanent disability (as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), you will not be entitled to be offered the Severance Pay or Benefits Severance Pay.
Tax matters
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Withholding
All forms of compensation referred to in this Agreement are subject to reduction to reflect applicable withholding and payroll taxes and other deductions required by law.
All forms of compensation referred to in this Agreement are subject to reduction to reflect applicable withholding and payroll taxes and other deductions required by law.
Tax advice
You are encouraged to obtain your own tax advice regarding your compensation from the Company. You agree that the Company does not have a duty to design its compensation policies in a manner that minimizes your tax liabilities, and you will not make any claim against the Company or its Board of Directors related to tax liabilities arising from your compensation.
Interpretation, amendment and enforcement
This Agreement along with the Proprietary Information Agreement, Arbitration Agreement and the CIC Severance Agreement constitute the complete agreement between you and the Company, contain all of the terms of your employment with the Company and supersede any prior agreements, representations, or understandings (whether written, oral, or implied) between you and the Company. This Agreement may not be amended or modified, except by an express written agreement signed by both you and a duly authorized officer of the Company.
You are encouraged to obtain your own tax advice regarding your compensation from the Company. You agree that the Company does not have a duty to design its compensation policies in a manner that minimizes your tax liabilities, and you will not make any claim against the Company or its Board of Directors related to tax liabilities arising from your compensation.
Interpretation, amendment and enforcement
This Agreement along with the Proprietary Information Agreement, Arbitration Agreement and the CIC Severance Agreement constitute the complete agreement between you and the Company, contain all of the terms of your employment with the Company and supersede any prior agreements, representations, or understandings (whether written, oral, or implied) between you and the Company. This Agreement may not be amended or modified, except by an express written agreement signed by both you and a duly authorized officer of the Company.
As required by law, your employment with the Company is contingent upon your providing legal proof of your identity and authorization to work in the United States. As required by Company policy, your employment is contingent upon completion of a pre-employment background check. We hope that you will accept our offer to join the Company. To confirm the current terms and conditions of your employment, please sign and date in the spaces indicated and return this Agreement to the Company.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Nima Ghamsari
Nima Ghamsari
Head of Blend
I have read and accept this employment offer:
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Name: Jason Ream
Signature of employee: /s/ Jason Ream
Dated: August 7, 2025
Dated: August 7, 2025
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Exhibit A:
Proprietary Information and Invention Agreement
As a condition to my employment or continued employment by Blend Labs, Inc. (the “Company”), of which I, Jason Ream, will be a beneficiary, and the compensation now and hereafter paid to me, I agree to the following terms as set forth in this Proprietary Information and Invention Assignment Agreement (this “Agreement”). I acknowledge and agree that this Agreement applies to all Proprietary Information (as defined herein) that belongs to or is held by any of Blend Labs, Inc., Blend Brokerage, Inc. dba Blend Realty, Blend Insurance Agency, Inc., Blend Title Insurance Agency, Inc., Blend Operations, Inc. and/or any other entity which, directly or indirectly, owns or controls, is owned or is controlled by or is under common ownership or control with Blend Labs, Inc., wherein “control” means the power to direct the management or affairs of an entity, and “ownership” means the beneficial ownership of 50% or more of the voting equity securities or other equivalent voting interests of the entity (each, an “Affiliate”). I also agree and acknowledge that this Agreement is binding on me and applies to any Proprietary Information (as defined herein) that I may have had prior to actually becoming an employee with the Company.
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To induce the Company to employ or engage me, or continue my employment or engagement, I make the following representations upon which the Company relies: I am not a director, officer, sole proprietor, partner, agent, employee or contractor to any business that competes with the Company’s business or the business of any of its Affiliates. I have not entered into, and I agree I will not enter into, any agreement either written or oral in conflict with this Agreement or my employment with the Company. I will not violate any agreement with or the rights of any third party or, except as expressly authorized by the Company in writing hereafter, use or disclose my own or any third party’s confidential information or intellectual property when acting within the scope of my employment or otherwise on behalf of the Company. Further, I have not retained anything containing any confidential information of a prior employer or other third party, whether or not created by me.
To induce the Company to employ or engage me, or continue my employment or engagement, I make the following representations upon which the Company relies: I am not a director, officer, sole proprietor, partner, agent, employee or contractor to any business that competes with the Company’s business or the business of any of its Affiliates. I have not entered into, and I agree I will not enter into, any agreement either written or oral in conflict with this Agreement or my employment with the Company. I will not violate any agreement with or the rights of any third party or, except as expressly authorized by the Company in writing hereafter, use or disclose my own or any third party’s confidential information or intellectual property when acting within the scope of my employment or otherwise on behalf of the Company. Further, I have not retained anything containing any confidential information of a prior employer or other third party, whether or not created by me.
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I agree that all Inventions and all other business, technical and financial information I develop, learn or obtain during the term of my employment that relate to Company or any of its Affiliates or the business or demonstrably anticipated business of Company or any of its Affiliates or that are received by or for Company or any of its Affiliates in confidence, constitute "Proprietary Information". I understand that Proprietary Information includes without limitation: (a) client lists, client databases and client personal and financial information, whether on computer disc or not, business files, client contracts and vendor contracts, and all other information which is not publicly known; and (b) any and all information, processes, trade secrets, databases, software, systems, research and development, patents pending, specifications, new program research, pending projects and proposals, pricing strategies and plans, financial data, formulae, and prototypes, marketing plans and surveys, sales plans, business plans, strategies, forecast; projects in development, unpublished financial information, profitability information, forms, transaction documents, budgets, vendor lists, vendor identities, and the agreements, and financial information of vendors, and private personnel information of the Company’s and/or its Affiliates’ other employees (not my information), in whatever form and whether or not such information is identified as confidential or proprietary. Proprietary Information also includes the identities of the Company’s and/or its Affiliates’ clients and other information about those clients, including their financial requirements, the names of the clients, and their contracts with the Company and/or its Affiliates. Proprietary Information shall include both information developed by me for the Company and information I obtained while in the Company's employ. All Proprietary Information, whether created by me or other employees, shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company and/or its Affiliates. During my employment and after the termination of my employment, I shall not, without written consent of the Company and/or its Affiliates, publish or use
I agree that all Inventions and all other business, technical and financial information I develop, learn or obtain during the term of my employment that relate to Company or any of its Affiliates or the business or demonstrably anticipated business of Company or any of its Affiliates or that are received by or for Company or any of its Affiliates in confidence, constitute "Proprietary Information". I understand that Proprietary Information includes without limitation: (a) client lists, client databases and client personal and financial information, whether on computer disc or not, business files, client contracts and vendor contracts, and all other information which is not publicly known; and (b) any and all information, processes, trade secrets, databases, software, systems, research and development, patents pending, specifications, new program research, pending projects and proposals, pricing strategies and plans, financial data, formulae, and prototypes, marketing plans and surveys, sales plans, business plans, strategies, forecast; projects in development, unpublished financial information, profitability information, forms, transaction documents, budgets, vendor lists, vendor identities, and the agreements, and financial information of vendors, and private personnel information of the Company’s and/or its Affiliates’ other employees (not my information), in whatever form and whether or not such information is identified as confidential or proprietary. Proprietary Information also includes the identities of the Company’s and/or its Affiliates’ clients and other information about those clients, including their financial requirements, the names of the clients, and their contracts with the Company and/or its Affiliates. Proprietary Information shall include both information developed by me for the Company and information I obtained while in the Company's employ. All Proprietary Information, whether created by me or other employees, shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company and/or its Affiliates. During my employment and after the termination of my employment, I shall not, without written consent of the Company and/or its Affiliates, publish or use
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or disclose to anyone other than authorized personnel of the Company and/or its Affiliates any Proprietary Information. I agree to abide by the Company’s and its Affiliates’ policies and regulations for the protection of its Proprietary Information and I understand and agree that the unauthorized disclosure or misuse of such Proprietary Information could irreparably damage the Company and/or its Affiliates.
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I hereby convey and assign to the Company all right, title and interest (including patent rights, copyrights, trade secret rights, mask work rights, sui generis database rights and all other intellectual property rights of any sort throughout the world) relating to any and all inventions (whether or not patentable), works of authorship, mask works, designs, know-how, ideas and information made or conceived or reduced to practice, in whole or in part, by me during the term of my employment with the Company to and only to the fullest extent allowed by applicable law (including, without limitation, pursuant to the applicable statutory provision for the state in which I primarily work set forth in Appendix A, if any) (collectively "Inventions"). Nothing in this Agreement requires me to make any assignments of intellectual property rights beyond what is allowed under applicable law. Without disclosing any third party confidential information, I will also disclose anything I believe is excluded by the foregoing so that the Company can make an independent assessment. I agree that all such Inventions are the sole property of the Company. I further agree that all such Inventions, including works of authorship are “works for hire” for purposes of the Company’s rights under copyright laws. I will promptly disclose all Inventions to the Company. I agree to keep and maintain adequate and current written records of all Inventions made by me (solely or jointly with others) during the term of my employment with the Company. The records will be in the form of notes, sketches, drawings, charts, flows, designs, code, specifications, product requirements documents, and any other format (whether electronic or otherwise) that may be specified by the Company. The records will be available to and remain the sole property of the Company at all times. I understand and agree that the decision whether or not to commercialize or market any Invention is within the Company's sole discretion and for the Company's sole benefit. No royalty will be due to me as a result of the Company's efforts to commercialize or market any Invention.
I hereby convey and assign to the Company all right, title and interest (including patent rights, copyrights, trade secret rights, mask work rights, sui generis database rights and all other intellectual property rights of any sort throughout the world) relating to any and all inventions (whether or not patentable), works of authorship, mask works, designs, know-how, ideas and information made or conceived or reduced to practice, in whole or in part, by me during the term of my employment with the Company to and only to the fullest extent allowed by applicable law (including, without limitation, pursuant to the applicable statutory provision for the state in which I primarily work set forth in Appendix A, if any) (collectively "Inventions"). Nothing in this Agreement requires me to make any assignments of intellectual property rights beyond what is allowed under applicable law. Without disclosing any third party confidential information, I will also disclose anything I believe is excluded by the foregoing so that the Company can make an independent assessment. I agree that all such Inventions are the sole property of the Company. I further agree that all such Inventions, including works of authorship are “works for hire” for purposes of the Company’s rights under copyright laws. I will promptly disclose all Inventions to the Company. I agree to keep and maintain adequate and current written records of all Inventions made by me (solely or jointly with others) during the term of my employment with the Company. The records will be in the form of notes, sketches, drawings, charts, flows, designs, code, specifications, product requirements documents, and any other format (whether electronic or otherwise) that may be specified by the Company. The records will be available to and remain the sole property of the Company at all times. I understand and agree that the decision whether or not to commercialize or market any Invention is within the Company's sole discretion and for the Company's sole benefit. No royalty will be due to me as a result of the Company's efforts to commercialize or market any Invention.
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I shall further assist the Company, at the Company's expense, to further evidence, record and perfect such assignments, and to perfect, obtain, maintain, enforce, and defend any rights specified to be so owned or assigned. I hereby irrevocably designate and appoint the Company as my agent and attorney-in-fact, coupled with an interest and with full power of substitution, to act for and in my behalf to execute and file any document and to do all other lawfully permitted acts to further the purposes of the foregoing with the same legal force and effect as if executed by me. If I wish to clarify that something created by me prior to my employment that relates to the Company's and/or its Affiliates actual or proposed business is not within the scope of the foregoing assignment, I have listed it on Appendix B in a manner that does not violate any third party rights or disclose any confidential information. If no Inventions are disclosed on the attached Appendix B, I warrant that there are no prior Inventions. Without limiting Section 1 or the Company's other rights and remedies, if, when acting within the scope of my employment or otherwise on behalf of the Company, I use or disclose my own or any third party's confidential information or intellectual property (or if any Invention cannot be fully made, used, reproduced, distributed and otherwise exploited without using or violating the foregoing), the Company will have and I hereby grant the Company a perpetual, irrevocable, worldwide royalty-free, non-exclusive, sub-licensable right and license to exploit and exercise all such confidential information and intellectual property rights.
I shall further assist the Company, at the Company's expense, to further evidence, record and perfect such assignments, and to perfect, obtain, maintain, enforce, and defend any rights specified to be so owned or assigned. I hereby irrevocably designate and appoint the Company as my agent and attorney-in-fact, coupled with an interest and with full power of substitution, to act for and in my behalf to execute and file any document and to do all other lawfully permitted acts to further the purposes of the foregoing with the same legal force and effect as if executed by me. If I wish to clarify that something created by me prior to my employment that relates to the Company's and/or its Affiliates actual or proposed business is not within the scope of the foregoing assignment, I have listed it on Appendix B in a manner that does not violate any third party rights or disclose any confidential information. If no Inventions are disclosed on the attached Appendix B, I warrant that there are no prior Inventions. Without limiting Section 1 or the Company's other rights and remedies, if, when acting within the scope of my employment or otherwise on behalf of the Company, I use or disclose my own or any third party's confidential information or intellectual property (or if any Invention cannot be fully made, used, reproduced, distributed and otherwise exploited without using or violating the foregoing), the Company will have and I hereby grant the Company a perpetual, irrevocable, worldwide royalty-free, non-exclusive, sub-licensable right and license to exploit and exercise all such confidential information and intellectual property rights.
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To the extent allowed by law, paragraphs 3 and 4 above include all rights of paternity, integrity, disclosure and withdrawal and any other rights that may be known as or referred to as "moral rights," "artist's rights," "droit moral," or the like (collectively "Moral Rights"). To the extent I retain any such Moral Rights under
To the extent allowed by law, paragraphs 3 and 4 above include all rights of paternity, integrity, disclosure and withdrawal and any other rights that may be known as or referred to as "moral rights," "artist's rights," "droit moral," or the like (collectively "Moral Rights"). To the extent I retain any such Moral Rights under
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applicable law, I hereby ratify and consent to any action that may be taken with respect to such Moral Rights by or authorized by the Company and agree not to assert any Moral Rights with respect thereto. I will confirm any such ratifications, consents and agreements from time to time as requested by the Company.
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Upon termination of my employment, I will promptly return to the Company all items containing or embodying Proprietary Information (including all copies), except that I may keep my personal copies of (i) my compensation records, (ii) materials distributed to shareholders generally and (iii) this Agreement. I also recognize and agree that I have no expectation of privacy with respect to the Company's telecommunications, networking or information processing systems (including, without limitation, stored computer files, email messages and voice messages) and that my activity and any files or messages on or using any of those systems may be monitored at any time without notice.
Upon termination of my employment, I will promptly return to the Company all items containing or embodying Proprietary Information (including all copies), except that I may keep my personal copies of (i) my compensation records, (ii) materials distributed to shareholders generally and (iii) this Agreement. I also recognize and agree that I have no expectation of privacy with respect to the Company's telecommunications, networking or information processing systems (including, without limitation, stored computer files, email messages and voice messages) and that my activity and any files or messages on or using any of those systems may be monitored at any time without notice.
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I acknowledge and agree that the names, addresses, and contact information of the Company and/or its Affiliates' customers and all other Proprietary Information relating to those customers, have been compiled by the Company and/or its Affiliates at great expense and effort and represent a real asset of the Company and/or its Affiliates. I further understand and agree that this information is deemed confidential by the Company and constitutes trade secrets of the Company. I understand that this information has been provided to me in confidence, and I agree that the unauthorized use or disclosure of any of the Company's trade secrets obtained by me during my employment with the Company, including to influence or attempt to influence any client, licensor, licensee, customer or other person either directly or indirectly, to direct any purchase of products and/or services to any person, firm, corporation, institution or other entity in competition with the business of the Company, constitutes unfair competition. I agree and promise not to engage in any unfair competition with the Company and/or its Affiliates.
I acknowledge and agree that the names, addresses, and contact information of the Company and/or its Affiliates' customers and all other Proprietary Information relating to those customers, have been compiled by the Company and/or its Affiliates at great expense and effort and represent a real asset of the Company and/or its Affiliates. I further understand and agree that this information is deemed confidential by the Company and constitutes trade secrets of the Company. I understand that this information has been provided to me in confidence, and I agree that the unauthorized use or disclosure of any of the Company's trade secrets obtained by me during my employment with the Company, including to influence or attempt to influence any client, licensor, licensee, customer or other person either directly or indirectly, to direct any purchase of products and/or services to any person, firm, corporation, institution or other entity in competition with the business of the Company, constitutes unfair competition. I agree and promise not to engage in any unfair competition with the Company and/or its Affiliates.
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I agree that during the term of my employment with the Company (whether or not during business hours), I will not engage in any activity that is in any way competitive with the business or demonstrably anticipated business of the Company and/or its Affiliates, and I will not assist any other person or organization in competing or in preparing to compete with any business or demonstrably anticipated business of the Company and/or its Affiliates, nor will I engage in any other activities that conflict with my obligations to the Company.
I agree that during the term of my employment with the Company (whether or not during business hours), I will not engage in any activity that is in any way competitive with the business or demonstrably anticipated business of the Company and/or its Affiliates, and I will not assist any other person or organization in competing or in preparing to compete with any business or demonstrably anticipated business of the Company and/or its Affiliates, nor will I engage in any other activities that conflict with my obligations to the Company.
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I agree that this Agreement is not an employment contract for any particular term and that I have the right to resign and the Company has the right to terminate my employment at will, at any time, for any or no reason, with or without cause. In addition, this Agreement does not purport to set forth all of the terms and conditions of my employment, and, as an employee of the Company, I have obligations to the Company which are not set forth in this Agreement. However, the terms of this Agreement govern over any inconsistent terms and can only be changed by a subsequent written agreement signed by the President of the Company.
I agree that this Agreement is not an employment contract for any particular term and that I have the right to resign and the Company has the right to terminate my employment at will, at any time, for any or no reason, with or without cause. In addition, this Agreement does not purport to set forth all of the terms and conditions of my employment, and, as an employee of the Company, I have obligations to the Company which are not set forth in this Agreement. However, the terms of this Agreement govern over any inconsistent terms and can only be changed by a subsequent written agreement signed by the President of the Company.
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I agree that my obligations under this Agreement shall continue in effect after termination of my employment (except for those provisions that are specified to be limited to a specific period of time), regardless of the reason or reasons for termination, and whether such termination is voluntary or involuntary on my part, and that the Company is entitled to communicate my obligations under this Agreement to any future employer or potential employer of mine. My obligations also shall be binding upon my heirs, executors, assigns, and administrators and shall inure to the benefit of the Company, its Affiliates, successors and assigns.
I agree that my obligations under this Agreement shall continue in effect after termination of my employment (except for those provisions that are specified to be limited to a specific period of time), regardless of the reason or reasons for termination, and whether such termination is voluntary or involuntary on my part, and that the Company is entitled to communicate my obligations under this Agreement to any future employer or potential employer of mine. My obligations also shall be binding upon my heirs, executors, assigns, and administrators and shall inure to the benefit of the Company, its Affiliates, successors and assigns.
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This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state in which I primarily work, without giving effect to any choice-of-law rules or principles that may result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction. In the event of any dispute with respect to the meaning, effect or validity of this Agreement, I hereby expressly consent to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in San Francisco County, California for any lawsuit filed against me by the Company. I further agree that if one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be illegal or unenforceable under applicable state law, such illegal or unenforceable portion(s) shall be limited or excluded from this Agreement to the minimum extent required so that this Agreement shall otherwise remain in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms. This Agreement is fully assignable and transferable by the Company, but any purported assignment or transfer by me is void. I expressly consent to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement for the benefit of the Company or any Affiliate to whose employ I may be transferred without the necessity that this Agreement be resigned at the time of such transfer, and agree that, after such transfer, the term “Company” herein will mean the Affiliate to which I am transferred. I also understand that any breach of this Agreement will cause irreparable harm to the Company and/or its Affiliates for which it would be difficult to calculate the extent of damages, and, therefore, the Company and/or its Affiliates will be entitled to injunctive relief with respect thereto in addition to any other remedies and without any requirement to post bond (or, where such bond or other security is required, I agree that a $1,000 bond will be adequate).
This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state in which I primarily work, without giving effect to any choice-of-law rules or principles that may result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction. In the event of any dispute with respect to the meaning, effect or validity of this Agreement, I hereby expressly consent to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in San Francisco County, California for any lawsuit filed against me by the Company. I further agree that if one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be illegal or unenforceable under applicable state law, such illegal or unenforceable portion(s) shall be limited or excluded from this Agreement to the minimum extent required so that this Agreement shall otherwise remain in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms. This Agreement is fully assignable and transferable by the Company, but any purported assignment or transfer by me is void. I expressly consent to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement for the benefit of the Company or any Affiliate to whose employ I may be transferred without the necessity that this Agreement be resigned at the time of such transfer, and agree that, after such transfer, the term “Company” herein will mean the Affiliate to which I am transferred. I also understand that any breach of this Agreement will cause irreparable harm to the Company and/or its Affiliates for which it would be difficult to calculate the extent of damages, and, therefore, the Company and/or its Affiliates will be entitled to injunctive relief with respect thereto in addition to any other remedies and without any requirement to post bond (or, where such bond or other security is required, I agree that a $1,000 bond will be adequate).
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The parties expressly agree and acknowledge that the Affiliates (as defined above) are third party beneficiaries of this Agreement, individually or collectively, and have the rights and benefits set forth in this Agreement and may enforce the provisions herein as if they were parties to this Agreement, either individually or collectively.
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Nothing in this Agreement prohibits me from reporting an event that I reasonably and in good faith believe is a violation of law to the relevant law enforcement agency, or from cooperating in an investigation conducted by such a government agency. This may include disclosure of trade secret or confidential information within the limitations permitted by the Defend Trade Secrets Act (“DTSA”). I am notified that under the DTSA, no individual will be held criminally or civilly liable under Federal or State trade secret law for disclosure of a trade secret (as defined in the Economic Espionage Act) that is: (A) made in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney, and made solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or, (B) made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal so that it is not made public. Further, an individual who pursues a lawsuit for retaliation by an employer for reporting a suspected violation of the law may disclose the trade secret to the attorney of the individual and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding, if the individual files any document containing the trade secret under seal, and does not disclose the trade secret, except as permitted by court order. I further understand that nothing contained in this Agreement limits my ability to (A) communicate with any Federal, State or local governmental agency or commission, including to provide documents or other information, without notice to the Company, or (B) share compensation information concerning myself or others, except that this does not permit me to disclose compensation information concerning others that I obtain because my job responsibilities require or allow access to such information.
Nothing in this Agreement prohibits me from reporting an event that I reasonably and in good faith believe is a violation of law to the relevant law enforcement agency, or from cooperating in an investigation conducted by such a government agency. This may include disclosure of trade secret or confidential information within the limitations permitted by the Defend Trade Secrets Act (“DTSA”). I am notified that under the DTSA, no individual will be held criminally or civilly liable under Federal or State trade secret law for disclosure of a trade secret (as defined in the Economic Espionage Act) that is: (A) made in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney, and made solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or, (B) made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal so that it is not made public. Further, an individual who pursues a lawsuit for retaliation by an employer for reporting a suspected violation of the law may disclose the trade secret to the attorney of the individual and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding, if the individual files any document containing the trade secret under seal, and does not disclose the trade secret, except as permitted by court order. I further understand that nothing contained in this Agreement limits my ability to (A) communicate with any Federal, State or local governmental agency or commission, including to provide documents or other information, without notice to the Company, or (B) share compensation information concerning myself or others, except that this does not permit me to disclose compensation information concerning others that I obtain because my job responsibilities require or allow access to such information.
No promises or representations have been made to me to induce me to sign this Agreement. This Agreement may be signed by the parties in separate signature pages known as counterparts, and the separate signature pages may be combined to create a document binding on the parties and shall constitute one and the same instrument. The parties may electronically sign this Agreement, which shall have the same force and effect as an ink signature.
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I have read this Agreement carefully and I understand and accept the obligations which it imposes upon me without reservation.
Employee:
Name: Jason Ream
Signature of Employee: /s/ Jason Ream
Dated: August 7, 2025
Dated: August 7, 2025
Accepted and Agreed to:
Blend Labs, Inc.
/s/ Nima Ghamsari
By: Nima Ghamsari, Head of Blend
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APPENDIX A
If I am employed by Company in California, California Labor Code Section 2870 is as follows:
Application of provision providing that employee shall assign or offer to assign rights in invention to employer.
(a) Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign, or offer to assign, any of his or her rights in an invention to his or her employer shall not apply to an invention that the employee developed entirely on his or her own time without using the employer’s equipment, supplies, facilities, or trade secret information except for those inventions that either:
(1) Relate at the time of conception or reduction to practice of the invention to the employer’s business, or actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development of the employer; or
(2) Result from any work performed by the employee for his employer.
(b) To the extent a provision in an employment agreement purports to require an employee to assign an invention otherwise excluded from being required to be assigned under subdivision (a), the provision is against the public policy of this state and is unenforceable.
If I am employed by Company in Delaware, Title 19, Section 805 of the Delaware Code Ann. is as follows:
Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that the employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in an invention to the employee's employer shall not apply to an invention that the employee developed entirely on the employee's own time without using the employer's equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information, except for those inventions that; (i) relate to the employer's business or actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (ii) result from any work performed by the employee for the employer. To the extent a provision in an employment agreement purports to apply to the type of invention described, it is against the public policy of this State and is unenforceable. An employer may not require a provision of an employment agreement made unenforceable under this section as a condition of employment or continued employment.
If I am employed by Company in Illinois, Chapter 765, Section 1060/2 of the Illinois Compiled Statutes is as follows:
(1) A provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in an invention to the employer does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facilities, or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, unless (a) the invention relates (i) to the business of the employer, or (ii) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (b) the invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer. Any provision which purports to apply to such an invention is to that extent against the public policy of this State and is to that extent void and unenforceable. The employee shall bear the burden of proof in establishing that his invention qualifies under this subsection.
(2) An employer shall not require a provision made void and unenforceable by subsection (1) of this Section as a condition of employment or continuing employment. This Act shall not preempt existing common law applicable to any shop rights of employers with respect to employees who have not signed an employment agreement.
(3) If an employment agreement entered into after January 1, 1984, contains a provision requiring the employee to assign any of the employee's rights in any invention to the employer, the employer must also, at the time the agreement is made, provide a written notification to the employee that the agreement does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility, or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, unless (a) the invention relates (i) to the business of the employer, or (ii) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (b) the invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer.
If I am employed by Company in Kansas, Sections 44-130 of the Kansas Labor and Industries Code is as follows:
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(a) Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in an invention to the employer shall not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facilities or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, unless:
(1) The invention relates to the business of the employer or to the employer's actual or demonstrably
anticipated research or development; or
(2) The invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer.
(b) Any provision in an employment agreement which purports to apply to an invention which it is prohibited from applying to under subsection (a), is to that extent against the public policy of this state and is to that extent void and unenforceable. No employer shall require a provision made void and unenforceable by this section as a condition of employment or continuing employment.
(c) If an employment agreement contains a provision requiring the employee to assign any of the employee's rights in any invention to the employer, the employer shall provide, at the time the agreement is made, a written notification to the employee that the agreement does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, unless:
(1) The invention relates directly to the business of the employer or to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development; or
(2) The invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer.
(d) Even though the employee meets the burden of proving the conditions specified in this section, the employee shall disclose, at the time of employment or thereafter, all inventions being developed by the employee, for the purpose of determining employer and employee rights in an invention.
If I am employed by Company in Minnesota, Section 181.78 of the Minnesota Labor, Industry Code is as follows:
Subdivision 1. Inventions not related to employment. Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in an invention to the employer shall not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, and (1) which does not relate (a) directly to the business of the employer or (b) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (2) which does not result from any work performed by the employee for the employer. Any provision which purports to apply to such an invention is to that extent against the public policy of this state and is to that extent void and unenforceable.
Subdivision 2. Effect of subdivision 1. No employer shall require a provision made void and unenforceable by subdivision 1 as a condition of employment or continuing employment.
Subdivision 3. Notice to employee. If an employment agreement entered into after August 1, 1977 contains a provision requiring the employee to assign or offer to assign any of the employee's rights in any invention to an employer, the employer must also, at the time the agreement is made, provide a written notification to the employee that the agreement does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee's own time, and (1) which does not relate (a) directly to the business of the employer or (b) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (2) which does not result from any work performed by the employee for the employer.
If I am employed by Company in North Carolina, §§ 66-57.1 and 66-57.2 of the North Carolina Gen. Stat. is as follows:
§ 66‑57.1. Employee’s right to certain inventions.
Any provision in an employment agreement which provides that the employee shall assign or offer to assign any of his rights in an invention to his employer shall not apply to an invention that the employee developed entirely on his own time without using the
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employer’s equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information except for those inventions that (i) relate to the employer’s business or actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (ii) result from any work performed by the employee for the employer. To the extent a provision in an employment agreement purports to apply to the type of invention described, it is against the public policy of this State and is unenforceable. The employee shall bear the burden of proof in establishing that his invention qualifies under this section.
§ 66‑57.2. Employer’s rights.
An employer may not require a provision of an employment agreement made unenforceable under G.S. 66‑57.1 as a condition of employment or continued employment. An employer, in an employment agreement, may require that the employee report all inventions developed by the employee, solely or jointly, during the term of his employment to the employer, including those asserted by the employee as nonassignable, for the purpose of determining employee or employer rights. If required by a contract between the employer and the United States or its agencies, the employer may require that full title to certain patents and inventions be in the United States.
If I am employed by Company in Utah, Sections 34-39-2 and 34-39-3 of Utah Code Ann. are as follows:
34-39-2. Definitions.
As used in this chapter:
(1) "Employment invention" means any invention or part thereof conceived, developed, reduced to practice, or created by an employee which is:
(a) conceived, developed, reduced to practice, or created by the employee:
(i) within the scope of his employment;
(ii) on his employer's time; or
(iii) with the aid, assistance, or use of any of his employer's property, equipment, facilities, supplies, resources, or intellectual property;
(b) the result of any work, services, or duties performed by an employee for his employer;
(c) related to the industry or trade of the employer; or
(d) related to the current or demonstrably anticipated business, research, or development of the employer.
(2) "Intellectual property" means any and all patents, trade secrets, know-how, technology, confidential information, ideas, copyrights, trademarks, and service marks and any and all rights, applications, and registrations relating to them.
34-29-3. Scope of Act -- When agreements between an employee and employer are enforceable or unenforceable with respect to employment inventions -- Exceptions.
(1) An employment agreement between an employee and his employer is not enforceable against the employee to the extent that the agreement requires the employee to assign or license, or to offer to assign or license, to the employer any right or intellectual property in or to an invention that is:
(a) created by the employee entirely on his own time; and
(b) not an employment invention.
(2) An agreement between an employee and his employer may require the employee to assign or license, or to offer to assign or license, to his employer any or all of his rights and intellectual property in or to an employment invention.
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(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to:
(a) any right, intellectual property or invention that is required by law or by contract between the employer and the United States government or a state or local government to be assigned or licensed to the United States; or
(b) an agreement between an employee and his employer which is not an employment agreement.
(4) Notwithstanding Subsection (1), an agreement is enforceable under Subsection (1) if the employee's employment or continuation of employment is not conditioned on the employee's acceptance of such agreement and the employee receives a consideration under such agreement which is not compensation for employment.
(5) Employment of the employee or the continuation of his employment is sufficient consideration to support the enforceability of an agreement under Subsection (2) whether or not the agreement recites such consideration.
(6) An employer may require his employees to agree to an agreement within the scope of Subsection (2) as a condition of employment or the continuation of employment.
(7) An employer may not require his employees to agree to anything unenforceable under Subsection (1) as a condition of employment or the continuation of employment.
(8) Nothing in this chapter invalidates or renders unenforceable any employment agreement or provisions of an employment agreement unrelated to employment inventions.
If I am employed by Company in Washington, Section 49.44.140 of the Revised Code of Washington is as follows:
(1) A provision in an employment agreement which provides that an employee shall assign or offer to assign any of the employee’s rights in an invention to the employer does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facilities, or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee’s own time, unless (a) the invention relates (i) directly to the business of the employer, or (ii) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (b) the invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer. Any provision which purports to apply to such an invention is to that extent against the public policy of this state and is to that extent void and unenforceable.
(2) An employer shall not require a provision made void and unenforceable by subsection (1) of this section as a condition of employment or continuing employment.
(3) If an employment agreement entered into after September 1, 1979, contains a provision requiring the employee to assign any of the employee’s rights in any invention to the employer, the employer must also, at the time the agreement is made, provide a written notification to the employee that the agreement does not apply to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility, or trade secret information of the employer was used and which was developed entirely on the employee’s own time, unless (a) the invention relates (i) directly to the business of the employer, or (ii) to the employer's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (b) the invention results from any work performed by the employee for the employer.
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APPENDIX B
PRIOR MATTER
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EXHIBIT B
ARBITRATION AGREEMENT
Jason Ream (“Employee”) and Blend Labs, Inc. (the “Company”), for good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, enter into this agreement to arbitrate claims and waive their respective rights to a jury trial (the “Agreement”) as set forth below:
1. Claims Subject to Arbitration. Any controversy, dispute or claim which could be brought under applicable state, local or federal law and which lawfully can be the subject of an agreement to arbitrate (a “Claim” or “Claims”) between Employee and the Company, or any of the Company’s “Affiliates,” which includes the Company’s parent, subsidiary and affiliate entities and any of its or their officers, directors, agents or other employees, shall be resolved exclusively by binding arbitration, by filing and serving a demand for arbitration.
The arbitrability of any controversy, dispute or claim under this Agreement shall be determined by the arbitrator by application of the substantive provisions of the Federal Arbitration Act (9 U.S.C. sections 1 and 2). Arbitration shall be the exclusive method for resolving any dispute and all remedies available from a court of competent jurisdiction shall be available.
The Claims that are to be arbitrated include, but are not limited to, any Claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the employment relationship between Employee and the Company and/or its Affiliates, claims for wages and other compensation, claims for breach of contract (express or implied), claims for violation of public policy, wrongful termination, tort claims, claims for unlawful discrimination and/or harassment (including, but not limited to, race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, physical disability, mental disability, gender identity or expression, medical condition, marital status, age, pregnancy, sex or sexual orientation) to the extent allowed by law, and claims for violation of any federal, state, or other government law, statute, regulation, or ordinance, except for claims for workers’ compensation or unemployment insurance benefits. For the avoidance of doubt, the Claims include claims of discrimination and harassment under Massachusetts General Law Chapter 151B, California Fair Employment and Housing Act, and New York City Human Rights Law. This Agreement shall not apply to a Claim to the extent the Agreement would violate applicable law concerning arbitration of disputes, including without limitation, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (H.R. 4173), California Labor Code Section 432.6, and New York Civil Practice Law and Rules Section 7515, so long as the appliable law is in force. This Agreement shall not be interpreted to provide for arbitration of any dispute that does not constitute a claim recognized under applicable law.
2. Arbitration Provider, Rules and Location. Except as set forth herein, any arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the then current arbitration rules of JAMS (“JAMS”) applicable to arbitration of employment disputes, except to the extent inconsistent with the express terms of this Agreement, and JAMS shall administer the arbitration. A copy of the current rules will be provided upon reasonable request, or may be found at http://www.jamsadr.com/rules-employment-arbitration/. Arbitration proceedings will be held at the JAMS office nearest the domestic office in which Employee last worked for the Company and/or its Affiliates. If the Employee held a remote position, arbitration proceedings will be held at the JAMS office nearest the Employee’s residence when the Employee last worked for the Company and/or its Affiliates. If there is no JAMS office within 100 miles of the domestic office or the Employee’s residence, and there is a closer American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) office, the arbitration shall be administered by AAA and the then current arbitration rules of AAA applicable to arbitration of employment disputes shall govern, except to the extent inconsistent with the express terms of this Agreement. A copy of the current AAA rules will be provided upon reasonable request, and may be found at https://www.adr.org/sites/default/files/EmploymentRules_Web_2.pdf.
3. Selection of Arbitrator. The parties to the arbitration (the “Parties”) will select a single neutral arbitrator by mutual agreement. If the Parties are unable to agree on a neutral arbitrator within thirty (30) days of a demand for arbitration, any party may elect to obtain a list of arbitrators from JAMS, and the arbitrator shall be selected by alternate striking of names from the list until a single arbitrator remains. The party initiating the arbitration shall be the first to strike a name.
4. Demand for Arbitration. The demand for arbitration must be in writing and must be made by the aggrieved party within the statute of limitations period provided under applicable state and/or federal law for the particular claim(s). Failure to make a written demand within the applicable statutory period constitutes a waiver of the right to assert that claim in any forum. Failure timely to
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pursue and failure to exhaust administrative remedies, where pursing and/or exhausting administrative remedies is required prior to pursing a claim in court, constitutes a waiver of the right to assert that claim in any forum.
5. Choice of Law. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state in which Employee primarily works/worked, without giving effect to any choice of law rules or principles that may result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction.
6. Discovery. The Parties shall be entitled to conduct reasonable discovery. To the extent any party seeks discovery in addition to that specifically permitted by the applicable arbitration rules, the arbitrator shall have the authority to determine what constitutes reasonable discovery in accordance with the applicable rules. The arbitrator shall hear motions for summary judgment/adjudication as provided in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
7. Written Opinion and Award. Within thirty (30) days following the hearing and the submission of the matter to the arbitrator, the arbitrator shall issue a written opinion and award which shall be signed and dated. The arbitrator’s award shall decide all issues submitted by the parties, and the arbitrator may not decide any issue not submitted. The opinion and award shall include factual findings and the reasons upon which the decision is based. The arbitrator shall be permitted to award only those remedies in law or equity which are requested by the parties and allowed by law.
8. Confidentiality. The arbitration shall be conducted on a confidential basis. The means that the parties shall not disclose the fact of or outcome of the arbitration, any pleadings, motions or other documents offered or exchanged in connection with the arbitration, testimony provided in connection with the arbitration or any final or interim rulings (“Confidential Information”) with any person not a party to the arbitration, other than as follows, except where such confidentiality is prohibited by applicable law. Any entity, including the Company, that is a party to the arbitration, may disclose Confidential Information to its employees, officers and directors with a business purpose for receiving the information, any witnesses who may be called to provide testimony or other information in connection with the arbitration (but only to the extent necessary for such participation), its counsel, experts and their respective employees, accountants or tax preparers, any corporate parent organization, any governmental or quasi-governmental regulatory agency or self-regulatory body, to a court of competent jurisdiction as necessary to enforce any preliminary or final judgment, award or order, and in communicating with any law enforcement or regulatory agency or self-regulatory body. An individual who is a party to the arbitration, may disclose Confidential Information to his or her immediate family, any witnesses who may be called to provide testimony or other information in connection with the arbitration (but only to the extent necessary for such participation), his/her counsel, experts and their respective employees, accountants or tax preparers, any corporate parent organization, any governmental or quasi-governmental regulatory agency or self-regulatory body, to a court of competent jurisdiction as necessary to enforce any preliminary or final judgment, award or order, and in communicating with any law enforcement or regulatory agency or self-regulatory body. With respect to disclosures to family members, officers, directors or employees of an entity and witnesses, the recipient of the Confidential Information shall be advised and required to acknowledge in writing that he, she or it, may not disclose the Confidential Information. Nothing contained in this Agreement waives a party’s right to testify in an administrative, legislative, or judicial proceeding concerning alleged criminal conduct or alleged sexual harassment on the part of the other party, or on the part of the agents or employees of the other party, when the party has been required or requested to attend the proceeding pursuant to a court order, subpoena, or written request from an administrative agency or the legislature.
9. Costs of Arbitration. The cost of the arbitrator and other incidental costs of arbitration shall be borne by the Company; provided, however, that Employee shall be required to pay an amount equal to the initial filing fee, if any, Employee would have been required to pay had the Claim(s) been pursued in a state or federal court with personal and subject matter jurisdiction over such Claim(s). The parties shall each bear their own costs and attorneys’ fees in any arbitration proceeding, provided, however, that the arbitrator shall have the authority to require either party to pay the costs and attorneys’ fees of the other party to the extent permitted under applicable federal or state law, as a part of any remedy that may be ordered.
10. No Class or Collective Action. The Employee and the Company agree that (i) any and all Claims subject to arbitration shall be brought and maintained by the Employee and/or the Company in his, her or its individual capacity, and (ii) he, she or it shall not be entitled to bring any Claim subject to arbitration as a plaintiff on behalf or to as a member of a class in any class or other form of representative proceeding or collective action. Except as prohibited by law, the Employee and the Company waive their rights to pursue any claim subject to arbitration on a class, representative, or collective basis. It is the intent of the parties that all claims subject to arbitration shall be heard as individual, rather than class or collective, claims.
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11. Waiver of Right to Jury. Both the Company and Employee understand that by using arbitration to resolve disputes they are giving up any right that they may have to a judge or jury trial with regard to all issues concerning employment or otherwise covered by this arbitration Agreement.
12. Entire Agreement/No Oral Modification. This is the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. It may be modified or superseded only by a writing signed by both parties specifically stating the parties’ intent to modify or supersede this Agreement.
EMPLOYEE
Print Name: Jason Ream
Signature: /s/ Jason Ream
Dated: August 7, 2025
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Nima Ghamsari, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Blend Labs, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Nima Ghamsari | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Nima Ghamsari | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Head of Blend and Co-Founder | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Jason Ream, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Blend Labs, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Jason Ream | ||||||||
| Name: | Jason Ream | ||||||||||
| Title: | Head of Finance and Administration | ||||||||||
| (Principal Financial Officer) | |||||||||||
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Nima Ghamsari, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Blend Labs, Inc. for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Blend Labs, Inc.
| Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Nima Ghamsari | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Nima Ghamsari | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Head of Blend and Co-Founder | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
I, Jason Ream certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Blend Labs, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2025 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Blend Labs, Inc.
| Date: | November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Jason Ream | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Jason Ream | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Head of Finance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Principal Financial Officer) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||