Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q2
Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. (CVKD)
About this 10-Q
Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc filed this 10-Q on August 11, 2025, covering the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q2).
Headline figures
Quarter ended June 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Net loss
- $3.67M
- compared with a net loss of $2.39M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$1.87
- compared with -$2.24 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
OR
For the transition period from to
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CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
| June
30, 2025 (unaudited) | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Interest receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Deferred offering costs | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity: | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
1
CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest and dividend income | ||||||||||||||||
| Total other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss and comprehensive loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss per common share, basic and diluted (1) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Weighted average number of common shares used in computing net loss per common share, basic and diluted (1) | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
2
CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(unaudited)
| For the three months ended June 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Equity-based compensation - options | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for consulting services | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of common stock, net issuance costs of $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| For the six months ended June 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Equity-based compensation - options | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for consulting services | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of common stock, net issuance costs of $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| For the three months ended June 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock (1) | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital (1) | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Equity-based compensation - options | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| For the six months ended June 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock (1) | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares from exercise of pre-funded warrants | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-based compensation - options | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| (1) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
| Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ||||||||
| Equity-based compensation | ||||||||
| Non-cash lease expense | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Interest receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Deferred offering costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows used in investing activities: | ||||||||
| Investment in property and equipment | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of common stock | ||||||||
| Issuance costs from sale of common stock | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of warrants | ||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents – end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
CADRENAL THERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company” or “Cadrenal”) was incorporated on January 25, 2022, in the State of Delaware and is headquartered in Ponte Vedra, Florida. Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company that develops therapeutics for patients with certain cardiovascular conditions. The Company is developing its late-stage asset, tecarfarin, a new oral vitamin K antagonist (“VKA”) designed to be a better and safer anticoagulant than warfarin. Although warfarin is widely used off-label for several rare cardiovascular conditions, extensive clinical and real-world data have shown it to have significant serious side effects. With its innovation, Cadrenal aims to meet the unmet needs of this patient population by relieving them and their healthcare providers of some of warfarin’s most significant clinical challenges.
Cadrenal is pursuing a pipeline-in-a-product approach with tecarfarin. The Company received ODD and fast-track status for tecarfarin in end-stage kidney disease and atrial fibrillation (“ESKD+AFib”). Tecarfarin also received Orphan Drug designation (“ODD”) for advanced heart failure patients with implanted left ventricular assist devices (“LVADs”).
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial statements for the periods presented. The Company’s fiscal year-end is December 31.
The Company’s accompanying financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2025, the results of its operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and its cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The financial data and other information disclosed in these notes related to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024 are also unaudited. The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025, any other interim periods, or any future year or period. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, and notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 13, 2025.
Liquidity
The accompanying financial statements have been
prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities
and commitments in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not reflect any adjustments relating to the recoverability
and reclassification of assets and liabilities that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Since
its inception, the Company has incurred operating losses and negative cash flows from operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2025,
the Company had a net loss of $
From July 1, 2025 through July 15, 2025, the
Company sold
5
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance
of approximately $
Management intends to raise additional funds through partnering, the sale of equity, and debt financing. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to complete partnering transactions or financings on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. If the Company is unable to raise additional funding to meet its working capital needs in the future, it will be forced to delay or reduce the scope of its research programs and/or limit or cease its operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Emerging Growth Company Status
As an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”), the Company may elect to take advantage of certain forms of relief from various reporting requirements that apply to public companies. The relief under the JOBS Act includes an extended transition period for implementing new or revised accounting standards. The Company has elected to take advantage of this extended transition period and, as a result, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to those of companies that implement accounting standards as of the effective dates for public companies. The Company may take advantage of the relief afforded under the JOBS Act up until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of an offering or such earlier time that it is no longer an EGC.
Use of Estimates
Preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying financial statements include, but are not limited to, the fair value of stock-based awards, deferred tax assets and valuation allowance, income tax uncertainties, and certain accruals. The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors and adjusts those estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances change. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit and Other Risks and Uncertainties
Financial instruments, which potentially subject
the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. Cash is maintained at high-credit-quality
financial institutions; at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits. All interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing cash balances
are insured up to $
The Company is subject to several risks common for early-stage biopharmaceutical companies including, but not limited to, dependency on the clinical and commercial success of its product candidate, ability to obtain regulatory approval of its product candidate, the need for substantial additional financing to achieve its goals, uncertainty of broad adoption of its approved products, if any, by physicians and patients, significant competition and untested manufacturing capabilities.
6
Segment Reporting
Operating segments are defined as components
of an entity where separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in
deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s CODM is the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial
information on a company-wide basis for purposes of allocating resources and assessing financial performance. The Company manages its
business activities as a single entity and operates in
The CODM assesses the performance of its
Significant expenses within loss from operations and net loss include research and development and general and administrative expenses, which are each separately presented on the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Other segment items include depreciation expense and interest and dividend income as presented on the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The accounting policies used to measure the segment’s profit and loss are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.
The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheets as total assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less from the purchase date to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash and money market funds.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures its stock-based awards granted to employees, consultants, and directors based on the estimated grant-date fair values of the awards and recognizes the compensation over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of its stock option awards. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
The Black-Scholes model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions, which determine the fair value of stock-based payment awards, including the option’s expected term and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The Company estimates the fair value of options granted by using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions:
Expected Volatility—The Company estimated volatility for option grants by evaluating the historical volatility of a peer group of companies for the period immediately preceding the option grant for a term that is approximately equal to the options’ expected term.
Expected Term—The expected term of the Company’s options represents the period that the stock-based payment awards are expected to be outstanding. The expected term was estimated using the simplified method for employee stock options since the Company does not have adequate historical exercise data to estimate the expected term.
Deferred Offering Costs
The Company capitalizes certain legal, professional, and other third-party costs that are directly associated with in-process equity financings until such financings are consummated, at which time such costs are recorded against the gross proceeds of the offering. Should an in-process equity financing be abandoned, the deferred offering costs will be expensed immediately as a charge to operating expenses in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
7
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Management makes an assessment of the likelihood that the resulting deferred tax assets will be realized. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Due to the Company’s historical operating performance and net losses, the net deferred tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance.
The Company recognizes uncertain income tax positions
at the largest amount, which is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income
tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a
Net Loss Per Common Share
Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants outstanding for the period, without consideration for potential dilutive shares of common stock. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents of potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period determined using the treasury stock or if-converted methods. Since the Company was in a loss position for all periods presented, basic net loss per common share is the same as diluted net loss per common share since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive. Shares of common stock subject to repurchase are excluded from the weighted-average shares.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events or circumstances from non-owner sources. Net loss and comprehensive loss were the same for the periods presented in the accompanying financial statements.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist of fees paid to other entities that conduct certain research and development activities on the Company’s behalf. Acquired intangible assets are expensed as research and development costs if, at the time of payment, the technology is under development; is not approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or other regulatory agencies for marketing; has not reached technical feasibility; or otherwise has no foreseeable alternative future use. Non-refundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future for use in research and development activities are capitalized and then expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services are performed.
Patents
Patent costs are comprised primarily of external legal fees, filing fees incurred to file patent applications, and periodic renewal fees to keep the patent in force. They are expensed as incurred as a component of general and administrative expenses.
8
Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU requires greater disaggregation of information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation and information on income taxes paid. The ASU applies to all entities subject to income taxes and is intended to help investors better understand an entity’s exposure to potential changes in jurisdictional tax legislation and assess income tax information that affects cash flow forecasts and capital allocation decisions. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU on January 1, 2025, had no material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The ASU aims to improve financial reporting by requiring that public business entities disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements at interim and annual reporting periods. In January 2025, the ASU was subsequently amended by ASU 2025-01 to clarify the effective date by which all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption of ASU 2024-03 is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its financial statements.
Note 3. Fair Value Measurements
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the balance sheet are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or an exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:
| ● | Level 1 — | Observable inputs such as unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date. | |
| ● | Level 2 — | Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. | |
| ● | Level 3 — | Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. |
Financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used in such measurements by major security type are presented in the following table:
| June 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total financial assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total financial assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, deferred offering costs, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. There were no transfers of liabilities among the fair value measurement categories during any of the periods presented.
9
Note 4. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Accrued compensation | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued severance | ||||||||
| Accrued research & development | ||||||||
| Accrued consulting fees | ||||||||
| Other | ||||||||
| Total accrued liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 5. Leases, Commitments, and Contingencies
Leases
In accordance with ASC 842, Leases, the Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
At lease inception, the Company determines whether an arrangement is an operating or capital lease. For operating leases, the Company recognizes rent expense, inclusive of rent escalation, on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company classifies leases at the lease commencement date as operating or finance leases and records a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with an initial lease term of greater than 12 months. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the balance sheet pursuant to the practical expedient available under ASC 842, but payments are recognized as expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Finance and operating right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term using the discount rate implicit in the lease. If the rate implicit is not readily determinable, the Company utilizes an estimate of its incremental borrowing rate based upon the available information at the lease commencement date. Operating lease assets are further adjusted for prepaid or accrued lease payments. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
In October 2024, the Company amended its lease
for office space to extend the lease term for one additional year. The lease agreement (as amended) has a term that extends through October
31, 2025 with no option to renew. Operating lease expenses were $
10
Future annual lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases as of June 30, 2025 were as follows:
| 2025 | $ | |||
| Total lease payments | $ |
Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnifications. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown, because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future, but have not yet been made. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated.
Indemnification
In accordance with the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws, the Company indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while they are serving in such capacity. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its officers and directors. There have been no claims to date, and the Company has a directors and officers liability insurance policy that may enable it to recover a portion of any amounts paid for future claims.
Note 6. Stockholders’ Equity
Reverse Stock Split
On July 29, 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of its shares of common stock, and its Board of Directors subsequently approved a final reverse stock split ratio of 1-for-15. The reverse stock split became effective on August 20, 2024 (the “Effective Date”). On the Effective Date, every 15 shares of issued and outstanding common stock were combined and converted into one issued and outstanding share of common stock. The number of authorized shares of common stock was not reduced and the par value per share of common stock remained unchanged. Fractional shares were canceled, and stockholders received cash in lieu thereof. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the maximum number of shares of common stock issuable under the Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Successor Equity Incentive Plan. As a result, the number of shares of common stock, stock options, warrants, net loss per share, and exercise prices disclosed throughout these notes to the financial statements, as well as the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to which these financial statements and notes thereto are attached, have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split.
Common Stock
The Company is authorized to issue a total of
Holders of common stock are entitled to
On January 24, 2023, the Company consummated
its initial public offering (“IPO”) and issued
11
In connection with the IPO, on January 19, 2023,
the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Boustead Securities, LLC, as representative
of the underwriters (the “Representative”). Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company issued to the underwriters
a five-year warrant (the “Representative’s Warrant”) to purchase an aggregate of
On July 12, 2023, the Company entered into a
securities purchase agreement with an institutional investor (the “Investor Selling Stockholder”) pursuant to which the Company
sold to the Investor Selling Stockholder in a private placement (the “Private Placement”) (i) an aggregate of
The Private Placement closed on July 14, 2023.
The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the Private Placement of approximately $
Each Pre-Funded Warrant had an exercise price
equal to $
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the
Company received notice of the exercise of all of the
The Common Warrants issued in the Private Placement
provide that a holder of Common Warrants, as applicable, will not have the right to exercise any portion of its Common Warrants if such
holder, together with its affiliates, and any other party whose holdings would be aggregated with those of the holder for purposes of
Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act would beneficially own in excess of
ATM Facility
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the
Company sold
Warrant Inducement
On November 1, 2024, the Company entered into
a warrant inducement letter agreement (the “Inducement Agreement”) with a holder of the Company’s warrants to purchase
shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in a private placement offering that closed on July 14, 2023 (the “Existing
Warrants”). Pursuant to the Inducement Agreement, the holder of the Existing Warrants agreed to exercise for cash the Existing
Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of
12
In consideration of the holder’s agreement
to exercise the Existing Warrants at the reduced exercise price per share in accordance with the Inducement Agreement, the Company issued
to the holder new unregistered Series A-1 common stock warrants (the “Series A-1 Warrants”) to purchase
On November 4, 2024, the transactions contemplated
by the Inducement Agreement closed, and the Company received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $
H.C.W. acted as the placement agent in the Inducement
Agreement, and as part of its compensation, the Company issued to designees of H.C.W. Placement Agent Warrants to purchase up to
The Series A-1 Warrants, Series A-2 Warrants, and Placement Agent Warrants were classified as equity, and the offering costs were recorded as debit to additional paid-in capital.
All of the Company’s outstanding warrants provide that the holder thereof has the right to participate in distributions or dividends paid on the Company’s shares of common stock on an as-converted basis.
Warrant Summary
The following table summarizes the total warrants outstanding at June 30, 2025, all of which are classified as equity:
| Issue | Exercise Price | Expiration | Outstanding as of December 31, | New | Outstanding as of June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Date | Per Share | Date | 2024 | Issuance | Exercised | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Placement agent warrants | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Placement agent warrants | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Representative warrants | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Placement agent warrants | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Series A-1 warrants | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Series A-2 warrants | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Placement agent warrants | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Restricted Common Stock
In October 2024, the Company engaged consultants
to perform certain public and investor relations services and issued
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Note 7. Equity-Based Compensation
The Company adopted the Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Initial Plan”), on July 11, 2022, which was later amended and restated on October 16, 2022, for purposes of clarifying the application of certain of the rules of the Initial Plan to awards approved before such amendment and restatement of the Initial Plan and to facilitate the transition to the Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Successor Equity Incentive Plan (the “Successor Plan”) for the issuance and approval of awards after consummation of the IPO. On October 16, 2022, the Board adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Successor Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”), which is a successor to and continuation of the Initial Plan and became effective on January 19, 2023. Upon the effectiveness of the 2022 Plan, it replaced the Initial Plan, except with respect to awards outstanding under the Initial Plan, and no further awards will be available for grant under the Initial Plan.
Subject to certain adjustments, the maximum number
of shares of common stock that initially could have been issued under the Initial Plan and 2022 Plan was initially
Weighted average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are set forth below:
| Six
Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six
Months Ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | % | ||||||
| Dividend yield | ||||||||
| Expected term (years) | ||||||||
| Volatility | % | % |
Activity under the Plans for the period from December 31, 2024 to June 30, 2025 is set forth below:
| Number Outstanding | Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Canceled/forfeited/expired | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Options vested and exercisable at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Options vested and expected to vest as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
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The weighted average grant date fair value of
options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $
Total equity-based compensation expense and the allocation of equity-based compensation for the periods presented below were as follows:
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| General and administrative | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||||||||||
| Total equity-based compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Note 8. Net Loss Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of the basic and diluted net loss per common share:
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss per common share, basic and diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
Since the Company was in a loss position for the periods presented, basic net loss per share is the same as diluted net loss per share as the inclusion of all potential dilutive securities would have been anti-dilutive. For the periods presented, there were no potential dilutive securities other than stock options and warrants.
The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share applicable to common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:
| As of June 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Anti-dilutive common stock equivalents: | ||||||||
| Stock options to purchase common stock | ||||||||
| Warrants to purchase common stock | ||||||||
| Total anti-dilutive common stock equivalents | ||||||||
Note 9. Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated events that occurred through August 11, 2025, the date that the financial statements were issued, and determined that there have been no events that have occurred that would require adjustments to its disclosures in the financial statements except for the transactions described below.
From July 1, 2025 through July 14, 2025, the
Company sold
15
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed on March 13, 2025 (the “Annual Report”) with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). This discussion, particularly information with respect to our future results of operations or financial condition, business strategy, plans and objectives for future operations, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties as described under the heading “Special note regarding forward-looking statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should review the disclosure under Part 1, Item 1A of the Annual Report for a discussion of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “we,” “us,” “our” and similar first-person expressions refer to Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. (“Cadrenal”).
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified under Part 1, Item 1A of the Annual Report. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
Company Overview
We are developing tecarfarin, our lead drug candidate, for unmet needs in anticoagulation therapy. Tecarfarin is a late-stage novel oral and reversible anticoagulant (blood thinner) designed to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and deaths due to blood clots in patients requiring chronic anticoagulation.
There is a lack of approved anticoagulation therapies for certain conditions requiring chronic anticoagulation, such as patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and atrial fibrillation (AFib), patients with mechanical heart valves withconditions predisposing them to poor warfarin metabolism, and patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). For patients with these conditions, treatment guidelines, and not FDA-approved labeling, recommend using a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) such as warfarin, despite warfarin’s acknowledged challenges in achieving sufficiently stable and reliable anticoagulation in these patients. Additionally, direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) like Eliquis and Xarelto have either not shown clinical benefits in these and certain other patient populations, or their efficacy and safety remain uncertain.
At the time the initial investigational new drug (IND) application for tecarfarin was filed by its initial sponsor, warfarin was the only marketed oral anticoagulant, and the strategy was to develop tecarfarin as an alternative VKA with superior efficacy and safety over warfarin for a broad range of indications including AFib, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with venous thrombosis, DVT prevention in patients undergoing certain surgical procedures, thrombosis prevention in patients with mechanical heart valves, and prevention of thrombotic complications in patients after a myocardial infarction (heart attack), among others.
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While tecarfarin clinical trials were being conducted by the initial IND sponsor, the DOACs were advancing through clinical trials and ultimately approved after demonstrating that they were non-inferior to warfarin in certain indications, including AFib in the general population, prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with venous thrombus, and prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing certain surgical procedures, among others. These DOAC clinical studies resulted in a change in the standard of care for a large percentage of the population that had been previously treated with warfarin, and some of the same population that was initially targeted by the prior tecarfarin IND sponsor. Thus, the original broad-label development plan for tecarfarin became much more challenging.
Accordingly, we are focusing on the development of tecarfarin for rare cardiovascular conditions where patients are unable to achieve sufficiently reliable chronic anticoagulation with warfarin, and where DOACs have either failed or their efficacy and safety remain unproven. These include patients with mechanical heart valves with conditions predisposing them to poor warfarin metabolism, patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), and patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and atrial fibrillation (AFib), where the need for VKA-dependent chronic anticoagulation has been underscored by recent clinical studies. While warfarin-treated patients have fared better than DOAC-treated patients in comparative studies in certain of these cardiovascular conditions, the event rates in these studies remain unacceptably high and the quality of anticoagulation in warfarin-treated patients has repeatedly been shown to be sub-optimal – hence, there continues to be unmet medical needs surrounding the use of warfarin in these patients that are not addressed – or not addressable - by DOACs.
Cadrenal is pursuing a pipeline-in-a-product approach with tecarfarin. Tecarfarin has an orphan drug designation from the FDA for the prevention of thrombosis and thromboembolism (blood clots) in patients with an implanted mechanical circulatory support device, which includes left ventricular assist device (LVAD), a heart pump. Tecarfarin also has orphan drug and fast-track designations from the FDA for the prevention of systemic thromboembolism of cardiac origin in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and atrial fibrillation (AFib).
Tecarfarin has been evaluated in eleven (11) human clinical trials in over 1,000 individuals; (269 patients were treated for at least six months and 129 patients were treated for one year or more). In Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 2/3 clinical trials, tecarfarin has generally been well-tolerated in both healthy adult subjects and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the Phase 2/3 trial, EMBRACE-AC, the largest tecarfarin trial with 607 patients having completed it, including those with mechanical heart valves, only 1.6% of the blinded tecarfarin subjects suffered from major bleeding and there were no thrombotic events.
Recent Events
On August 5. 2025, we announced our clinical trial initiation plans for our lead late-stage drug candidate, tecarfarin, in patients with ESKD who are transitioning to dialysis. Enrollment is expected to begin later this year and will include patients with and without atrial fibrillation (AFib).
ATM Facility
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we sold 186,294 shares of our common stock through our at-the-market (ATM) facility with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“H.C.W”). These sales were made at a weighted average price of $17.97 per share, resulting in total gross proceeds of approximately $3,348,000 and net proceeds of approximately $3,199,000.
From July 1, 2025 through July 14, 2025, we sold 39,741 shares of our common stock through our at-the-market (ATM) facility with H.C.W. These sales were made at a weighted average price of $12.97 per share, resulting in total gross proceeds of approximately $516,000 and net proceeds of approximately $499,000.
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Results of Operations
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
| Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | 2,656,392 | $ | 1,212,437 | $ | 1,443,955 | ||||||
| Research and development expenses | 1,077,498 | 1,253,711 | (176,213 | ) | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | 401 | 470 | (69 | ) | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 3,734,291 | 2,466,618 | 1,267,673 | |||||||||
| Loss from operations | (3,734,291 | ) | (2,466,618 | ) | (1,267,673 | ) | ||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||
| Interest and dividend income | 67,004 | 73,636 | (6,632 | ) | ||||||||
| Total other income | 67,004 | 73,636 | (6,632 | ) | ||||||||
| Net loss and comprehensive loss | $ | (3,667,287 | ) | $ | (2,392,982 | ) | $ | (1,274,305 | ) | |||
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $2.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, representing an increase of approximately $1.4 million, or 119%. The increase is primarily attributed to a $0.6 million increase in expenses related to being a public company, a $0.4 million increase in stock-based compensation, a $0.2 million increase in annual Delaware franchise taxes, a $0.1 million increase in consulting expenses, and a $0.1 million increase in personnel-related expenses related to annual pay raises for management in January 2025.
Research and development expenses
Research and development expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024 were $1.1 million and $1.3 million, respectively, representing a decrease of $0.2 million, or 14%. The decrease is primarily attributed to a $0.3 million decrease in consulting expenses partially offset by a $0.1 million increase in expenses associated with chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (“CMC”).
Interest and dividend income
Interest and dividend income for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024 were $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively. This represents the interest and dividend income earned from our investments in money market funds.
Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
| Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | 4,910,970 | $ | 2,338,430 | $ | 2,572,540 | ||||||
| Research and development expenses | 2,745,379 | 1,882,736 | 862,643 | |||||||||
| Depreciation expense | 5,918 | 1,067 | 4,851 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 7,662,267 | 4,222,233 | 3,440,034 | |||||||||
| Loss from operations | (7,662,267 | ) | (4,222,233 | ) | (3,440,034 | ) | ||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||
| Interest and dividend income | 149,600 | 165,963 | (16,363 | ) | ||||||||
| Total other income | 149,600 | 165,963 | (16,363 | ) | ||||||||
| Net loss and comprehensive loss | $ | (7,512,667 | ) | $ | (4,056,270 | ) | $ | (3,456,397 | ) | |||
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General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $4.9 million and $2.3 million, respectively, representing an increase of approximately $2.6 million, or 110%. The increase is primarily attributed to a $1.3 million increase in expenses related to being a public company, a $0.6 million increase in stock-based compensation, and a $0.2 million increase in personnel-related expenses as we hired a Chief Operating Officer in February 2024 and implemented annual pay raises for management in January 2025, a $0.2 million in increase in annual Delaware franchise taxes, and a $0.2 million increase in consulting expenses.
Research and development expenses
Research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024 were $2.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, representing an increase of $0.9 million, or 46%. The increase is primarily attributed to a $0.5 million increase in expenses associated with CMC, a $0.3 million increase in personnel-related expenses related to our prior Chief Medical Officer’s severance agreement entered into in February 2025, a $0.2 million increase in stock-based compensation, and a $0.1 million increase in clinical trial preparation costs. These increases were offset by a $0.3 million decrease in consulting expenses.
Interest and dividend income
Interest and dividend income for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024 were $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. This represents the interest and dividend income earned from our investments in money market funds.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have incurred losses and utilized cash in operations. To date, we have funded our operations from the proceeds of the sale of convertible and promissory notes, our initial public offering completed in January 2023, our Private Placement completed in July 2023, our Warrant Inducement completed in November 2024, and the sale of common stock through our ATM facility. We recognized a net loss of $7.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 which included $1.1 million of non-cash expenses. Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 totaled $7.7 million. As of August 11, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $5.0 million, which is expected to be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months from the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, however, we will require additional funding to conduct any further clinical trials, including a Phase 3 clinical trial for tecarfarin.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flow for the period presented:
| Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash used in operating activities | $ | (7,674,557 | ) | $ | (3,365,624 | ) | ||
| Cash used in investing activities | (3,251 | ) | - | |||||
| Cash provided by financing activities | 3,230,596 | 298 | ||||||
| Net change in cash | (4,447,212 | ) | (3,365,326 | ) | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 10,017,942 | 8,402,500 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 5,570,730 | $ | 5,037,174 | ||||
Operating activities
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $7.7 million. Net loss adjusted for the non-cash items as detailed on the statement of cash flows, used $6.4 million in cash, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities, as detailed on the statement of cash flows, used $1.3 million in cash primarily from a $0.6 million decrease in accounts payable, a $0.4 million decrease in accrued liabilities, and a $0.3 million increase in prepaid expenses.
19
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash used in operating activities was $3.4 million. Net loss adjusted for the non-cash items as detailed on the statement of cash flows, used $3.7 million in cash, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities, as detailed on the statement of cash flows, provided $0.3 million in cash primarily from a $0.6 million increase in accounts payable partially offset by a $0.2 million increase in deferred offering costs, and a $0.2 million increase in prepaid expenses.
Financing activities
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities totaled $3.2 million from the use of our ATM facility and proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities totaled $298 from the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants.
Critical Accounting Estimates
This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying financial statements include but are not limited to the fair value of financial instruments, the fair value of stock-based awards, deferred tax assets and valuation allowance, income tax uncertainties, and certain accruals. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimated under different assumption or conditions.
Stock-Based Compensation
We measure our stock-based awards granted to employees, consultants and directors based on the estimated grant-date fair values of the awards and recognize the compensation over the requisite service period. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of our stock option awards. Stock-based compensation is recognized using the straight-line method. As the stock compensation expense is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it is reduced by forfeitures. We account for forfeitures as they occur.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not applicable because we are a smaller reporting company.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2025. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We have adopted and maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report, is collected, recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules of the SEC. Our disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2025, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such a date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a 15(f) and 15d 15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
20
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Please refer to Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” contained in our Annual Report for a description of certain significant risks and uncertainties to which our business, financial condition and results of operations are subject. There have been no material changes from these risk factors as of the date of filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(a) Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
We did not sell any equity securities during the quarter ended June 30, 2025 and up to the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in transactions that were not registered under the Securities Act other than as set forth below and as previously disclosed in our filings with the SEC.
On June 29, 2025, we issued 10,000 shares of restricted common stock to a consultant as partial compensation for services. The issuance was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
(b) Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Not applicable.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025,
no officer or director of the Company
On May 9, 2025, each of Quang X. Pham and Matthew Szot, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of the Company, entered into written stock selling plans (the “10b5-1 Plans”) in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act and the Company’s Insider Trading Policy.
The 10b5-1 Plans entered into by Messrs. Pham and Szot allow for the sale of a maximum of 50,600 and 33,333 shares, respectively, of our common stock, over an approximate three and one-half month period subject to the terms and conditions of the 10b5-1 Plans, including specified minimum price and volume parameters. The term of Mr. Pham’s 10b5-1 Plan begins on August 13, 2025 through November 28, 2025. Mr. Szot’s 10b5-1 Plan begins on the third business day following the filing of this Quarterly Report and ends on November 30, 2025.
21
Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibits filed or furnished as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth on the Exhibit Index, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
| * | Filed herewith. |
| # | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be identified pursuant to Item 15(a)(3) of this Annual Report. |
22
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. | |
| (Registrant) | |
| Dated: August 11, 2025 | /s/ Quang X. Pham |
| Quang X. Pham | |
| Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |
| Dated: August 11, 2025 | /s/ Matthew Szot |
| Matthew Szot | |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
23
Exhibit 31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Quang X. Pham, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financing reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: August 11, 2025 | By: | /s/ Quang X. Pham | |
| Name: | Quang X. Pham | ||
| Title: | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
Exhibit 31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 200
I, Matthew Szot, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: August 11, 2025 | By: | /s/ Matthew Szot | |
| Name: | Matthew Szot | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |||
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Quang X. Pham, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2025 (the “Form 10-Q”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and | |
| 2. | The information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the periods presented. |
| Date: August 11, 2025 | By: | /s/ Quang X. Pham | |
| Name: | Quang X. Pham | ||
| Title: | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Matthew Szot, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) of Cadrenal Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2025 (the “Form 10-Q”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the periods presented. |
| Date: August 11, 2025 | By: | /s/ Matthew Szot | |
| Name: | Matthew Szot | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |||