FinTrade Sherpa, Inc 10-Q for FY2021 Q3
FinTrade Sherpa, Inc. (FTSP)
About this 10-Q
FinTrade Sherpa, Inc filed this 10-Q on November 12, 2021, covering the quarter ended September 30, 2021 (FY2021 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended September 30, 2021, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Net loss
- $101.89K
- compared with a net loss of $93.18K a year earlier
| UNITED STATES | |
| SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION | |
| Washington, D.C. 20549 | |
| FORM
| |
| QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED | |
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| Commission
file number | |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code.)
| (Telephone number, including area code) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the last 90 days.
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “non-accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large Accelerated Filer | o | Accelerated Filer | o |
| o | Smaller Reporting Company | ||
| Emerging Growth Company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
YES o
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date: at November 4, 2021.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
LODE-STAR MINING INC.
INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
| SEPTEMBER 30 | DECEMBER 31 | |||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Prepaid fees | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Mineral Property Interest, unproven | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Due to related parties and accrued interest | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY | ||||||||
| Capital Stock | ||||||||
| Authorized: voting common shares with a par value of $ per share
preferred shares with a par value of $ per share;
Issued: common shares and preferred shares at September 30, 2021 common shares and preferred shares at December 31, 2020 | ||||||||
| Additional Paid-In Capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders’ deficiency | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficiency | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited, interim financial statements.
4
LODE-STAR MINING INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)
| THREE MONTHS ENDED | NINE MONTHS ENDED | |||||||||||||||
| SEPTEMBER 30 | SEPTEMBER 30 | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Consulting services | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate support services | ||||||||||||||||
| Exploration and evaluation | ||||||||||||||||
| Mineral option fees | ||||||||||||||||
| Office, foreign exchange and sundry | ||||||||||||||||
| Professional fees | ||||||||||||||||
| Transfer and filing fees | ||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating Loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest, bank and finance charges | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss For The Period | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic And Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding – Basic and Diluted | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited, interim financial statements.
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| NINE MONTHS ENDED | ||||||||
| SEPTEMBER 30 | ||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| Operating Activities | ||||||||
| Net loss for the period | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Foreign exchange loss (gain) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Stock options issued for services | ||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid fees | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Due to related parties | ||||||||
| Accrued interest payable | ||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Financing Activity | ||||||||
| Proceeds from loans payable – related party | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activity | ||||||||
| Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, Beginning of Period | ||||||||
| Cash, End of Period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information | ||||||||
| Cash paid during the period for: | ||||||||
| Interest | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income taxes | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-cash Financing Activity | ||||||||
| Expenses paid by related parties on behalf of the Company | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited, interim financial statements.
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
| NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES | PAR VALUE | ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL | ACCUMULATED DEFICIT | TOTAL | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Shares issued on cashless exercise of stock options | ( | ) | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2021 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2021 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES | PAR VALUE | ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL | ACCUMULATED DEFICIT | TOTAL | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Stock options issued for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance March 31, 2020 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock options issued for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2020 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock options issued for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss for the period | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited, interim financial statements.
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
NOTES TO INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
| 1. | BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS |
Organization
Lode-Star
Mining Inc. (“the Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada, U.S.A., on December 9, 2004. The Company’s principal
executive offices are in Reno, Nevada. The Company was originally formed to acquire exploration stage natural resource properties.
Going Concern
The
accompanying unaudited, interim financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The future
of the Company is dependent upon its ability to establish a business and to obtain new financing to execute its business plan. As shown
in the accompanying financial statements, the Company has had no revenue and has incurred accumulated losses of $
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. This contagious disease outbreak and the related adverse public health developments have adversely affected workforces, economies, and financial markets, leading to a global economic downturn. Governments and central banks have reacted with significant monetary and fiscal interventions designed to stabilize economic conditions. The full duration and impact of the COVID-19 outbreak is unknown at this time, as is the efficacy of the government and central bank interventions.
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited, interim financial information furnished herein reflects all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations for the periods presented. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company assumes that the users of the interim financial information herein have read, or have access to, the audited financial statements for the preceding fiscal year, and that the adequacy of additional disclosure needed for a fair presentation may be determined in that context. Accordingly, footnote disclosures, which would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, have been omitted. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year ending December 31, 2021.
| 2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Because a precise determination of many assets and liabilities is dependent upon future events, the preparation of financial statements for a period necessarily involves the use of estimates which have been made using careful judgment. All dollar amounts are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. The financial statements have, in management’s opinion, been properly prepared within reasonable limits of materiality.
The Company has implemented all applicable new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. Those pronouncements did not have any material impact on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed.
| 3. | MINERAL PROPERTY INTEREST |
The Company’s mineral property interest is a group of thirty-one claims known as the “Goldfield Bonanza Project” (the “Property”), in the State of Nevada. Pursuant to an option agreement dated October 14, 2014 with Lode-Star Gold INC. (“LSG”), a private Nevada corporation, the Company acquired an initial 20% undivided interest in and to the mineral claims owned by LSG and an option to earn a further 60% interest in the claims. LSG received 35,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and is its controlling shareholder. Until the Company has earned the additional 60% interest, the net smelter royalty will be split 79.2% to LSG, 19.8% to the Company and 1% to the former Property owner.
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
NOTES TO INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
| 3. | MINERAL PROPERTY INTEREST (Continued) |
To earn the additional 60% interest, the Company was required to fund all expenditures on the Property and pay LSG an aggregate of $5 million in cash in the form of a net smelter royalty, commencing after December 11, 2014. If the Company failed to make any cash payments to LSG within one year of the date of the option agreement, it was required to pay LSG an additional $100,000, and in any subsequent years in which the Company failed to complete the payment of the entire $5 million, it was required to make quarterly cash payments to LSG of $25,000.
On
January 11, 2017, LSG agreed to defer payment of all amounts due in accordance with the mineral option agreement until further notice.
On January 17, 2017, the Company and LSG agreed that as of January 1, 2017, all outstanding balances shall carry a compound interest
rate of 5% per annum. It was further agreed that the ongoing payment deferral shall apply to both interest and principal. The total amount
of such fees due at September 30, 2021 was $
On October 31, 2019, the Company and LSG executed an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Option Agreement. Under the Amendment, the exercise of the 60% option was restructured into two separate 30% options, such that the Company may now earn a 30% interest in the Property (for a total of 50%) (the “Second Option”) by completing the following actions:
| ● | paying LSG $5 million in cash from the Property’s mineral production proceeds in the form of a NSR royalty (the “Initial Payment”); |
| ● | paying LSG all accrued and unpaid penalty payments under the Option Agreement; |
| ● | repaying to LSG (i) all loans, advances or other payments made by LSG to the Company and (ii) all expenditures on the Property funded by or on behalf of LSG until the date on which the Initial Payment has been completed; and |
| ● | funding all expenditures on the Property until the date on which the Initial Payment has been completed. |
Following the exercise of the Second Option, the Company may earn an additional 30% interest in the Property (for a total of 80%) (the “Third Option”) by completing the following actions:
| ● | paying LSG a further $5 million in cash from the Property’s mineral production proceeds in the form of an NSR royalty (the “Final Payment”); and |
| ● | funding all expenditures on the Property from the date on which the Second Option is exercised until the date on which the Final Payment has been completed. |
The primary effect of the Amendment was therefore to increase the purchase price for the additional 60% interest in the Property from $5 million to $10 million, while at the same time separating it into tranches.
The Company assessed its mineral property interest to the date of issue of these financial statements and concluded that facts and circumstances do not suggest that the mineral property interest’s carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount and therefore no impairment is required.
| 4. | CAPITAL STOCK |
Capitalization
The authorized capital of the Company is 500,000,000 shares of capital stock, divided into shares of common stock with a par value of $ per share, and shares of preferred stock with a par value of $ per share. The Company reserved 10,000,000 shares of common stock for issuance under its 2016 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. The Company has issued common shares and preferred shares. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company issued 28,571 shares of its common stock on the cashless conversion of 50,000 options.
Options
A total of options were issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021, all of which were vested.
On November 20, 2018, the Company granted 500,000 non-qualified stock options pursuant to its Equity Incentive Plan, to key outside consultants, with 50% vesting after one year and 50% vesting after two years. Each option is exercisable into one share of the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.06 per share, for a term of five years. The options had an estimated grant date fair value of $10,408. 50,000 of the options were exercised on March 4, 2021 on a cashless basis, resulting in the issuance of 28,571 common shares.
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LODE-STAR MINING INC.
NOTES TO INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
| 4. | CAPITAL STOCK (Continued) |
The 500,000 options were fully expensed by December 31, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, $0 (2020 - $2,980) was included in consulting services expense, based on fair value estimates determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with an average risk-free rate of , a weighted average life of , volatility of , and dividend yield of . At September 30, 2021, the remaining options had an intrinsic value of $(December 31, 2020: $) based on the exercise price of $per option and a market price of $per share.
On February 14, 2017, the Company granted non-qualified stock options pursuant to the Equity Incentive Plan, to key corporate officers and outside consultants, with 25% vesting immediately and a further 25% vesting every six months thereafter for eighteen months. Each option is exercisable into one share of the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.06 per share, equal to the closing price of the common stock on the grant date, for a term of five years. The options were fully amortized by the end of 2018, so no related amounts are included in consulting services expense on these financial statements. At September 30, 2021, the options had an intrinsic value of $ (December 31, 2020 - $) based on the exercise price of $ per option and a market price of $ per share.
Schedule of Options Outstanding
| Options Outstanding | Weighted Average Life Remaining (Years) | Intrinsic Value | ||||||||||
| Balance December 31, 2020 | $ | |||||||||||
| Issued | ||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Expired | ||||||||||||
| Balance September 30, 2021 | 0.45 | $ | ||||||||||
Warrants
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, no warrants to purchase shares of common stock were issued, exercised, or expired. On November 19, 2020, 3,336,060 warrants issued in 2015 expired without being exercised, leaving no warrants outstanding and no intrinsic value at December 31, 2020 or at September 30, 2021.
| 5. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND AMOUNTS DUE |
At September 30, 2021, the Company had the following amounts due to related parties:
| i) | $ |
| ii) | $ |
| iii) | $ |
| iv) | $ |
At
September 30, 2021, total interest accrued on the above related party loans was $
10
LODE-STAR MINING INC.
NOTES TO INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)
| 5. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND AMOUNTS DUE (Continued) |
During
the current nine months, there was a $
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred $
At
September 30, 2021, the total due to related parties of $
| ■ | Loans
and accrued interest - $ |
| ■ | Mineral
option fees payable and accrued interest - $ |
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred $
| 6. | CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS |
See Note 3 for details about the Company’s obligations and commitments regarding its Mineral Property Interest.
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| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion includes forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words such as: believe, expect, estimate, anticipate, intend, project and similar expressions, or words which, by their nature, refer to future events. You should not place undue certainty on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this report. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results
Mineral Property Interest
Further to a Mineral Option Agreement (the “Option Agreement”) dated October 4, 2014, on December 5, 2014, we entered into a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) with Lode-Star Gold INC., a private Nevada corporation (“LSG”) in which we agreed to issue 35,000,000 shares of our common stock, valued at $230,180, to LSG in exchange for an initial 20% undivided beneficial interest in and to LSG’s Goldfield property (the “Acquisition”), which made LSG our largest and controlling shareholder.
LSG’s Goldfield Bonanza property is comprised of 31 patented mineral claims owned 100% by LSG, located on approximately 460 acres in the district of Goldfield in the state of Nevada (the “Property”). The Property is clear titled, with a 1% Net Smelter Royalty (“NSR”) existing in the favor of the original property owner.
LSG was incorporated in the State of Nevada on March 13, 1998 for the purpose of acquiring exploration stage mineral properties. It currently has one shareholder, Lonnie Humphries, who is the spouse of Mark Walmesley, our President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Walmesley is also the Director of Operations and a director of LSG.
The execution of the Subscription Agreement was one of the closing conditions of the Option Agreement, pursuant to which we acquired the sole and exclusive option to earn up to an 80% undivided interest in and to the Property. To earn the additional 60% interest in the Property, we are required to fund all expenditures on the Property and pay LSG an aggregate of $5 million in cash from the Property’s mineral production proceeds in the form of an NSR. Until we have earned the additional 60% interest, the NSR will be split 79.2% to LSG, 19.8% to us and 1% to the former Property owner.
The Option Agreement can be found as Exhibit 10.1 to our report filed on Form 8-K on October 9, 2014 and is incorporated herein by reference. The Subscription Agreement can be found as Exhibit 10.7 to our report filed on Form 10-K/A on January 11, 2017 and is incorporated by reference.
If we fail to make any cash payments to LSG within one year of October 4, 2014, we are required to pay LSG an additional $100,000, and in any subsequent years in which we fail to complete the payment of the entire $5 million described above, we must make quarterly cash payments to LSG of $25,000 until we have earned the additional 60% interest in the Property.
LSG granted us a series of deferrals of the payments, with the most recent being granted on January 11, 2017. LSG agreed on that date to defer payment of all amounts due in accordance with the Option Agreement until further notice. On January 17, 2017, the Company and LSG agreed that as of January 1, 2017, all outstanding balances shall carry a compound interest rate of 5% per annum. It was further agreed that the ongoing payment deferral shall apply to interest and principal.
LSG acquired the leases to the Property in 1997 and became the registered and beneficial owner of the Property on September 19, 2009. Since the earlier of those dates, it has conducted contract exploration work on the Property but has not determined whether it contains mineral reserves that are economically recoverable. LSG is an exploration stage company and has not generated any revenues since its inception. The Property represents its only material asset.
The Property is located in west-central Nevada, in the Goldfield Mining District at Latitude 37° 42’, and Longitude 117° 14’. The claims comprising the Property are located in surveyed sections 35 and 36, Township 2 South, Range 42 East, and in sections 1, 2, 11, and 12, Township 3 South, Range 42 East, in Esmeralda County, Nevada. The Property is accessible by traveling approximately one-half mile northeast of the community of Goldfield, along a county-maintained road that originates at U.S. Highway 95, which runs through “downtown” Goldfield. The town of Goldfield, which is the Esmeralda county seat (population 300), is approximately 200 air miles south of Reno and 180 air miles north of Las Vegas. Surface access on the Property is excellent and the relief is low, at an elevation of approximately 6,000 feet. Vegetation is sparse, consisting largely of sagebrush, rabbitbrush, Joshua trees and grasses. Water, electricity and other sundry needs such as restaurants, lodging, minor medical needs, fire station, and police are within 1 mile of the property.
12
| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
All properties, claims, buildings, equipment, and supplies are owned by LSG and we have free access to utilize and manage all those items. Operations are managed from a 6,000 sq. ft. office and warehouse facility complete with showers and laundry amenities. Two residential trailer sites are immediately adjacent to this building for crew needs.
The Property has one working shaft, the February Premier, which has access to the 300 ft level, with approximately 1/2 mile of ventilated drift. Underground work has identified 2 high-grade gold-bearing zones which the company plans to further explore. The program that we envision undertaking includes the mining of approximately 10,000 tons of non-NI 43-101 compliant gold mineralization at an approximate grade of 0.9 ounces per ton. The estimated grade is based on historic drilling work done by LSG, for which the 1.5-inch core samples were consumed by assay requirements. In order to provide adequate sample weights to the assaying lab, the entire core was processed for individual samples.
While we have encountered several additional high-grade drill anomalies throughout the property, it is important to note that we have no proven and/or probable reserves at the present time and therefore the program is exploratory in nature. Much of the property remains under-explored and it is our belief that the district’s high-grade, million-ounce ore zones repeat themselves. Further surface and underground exploration work need to be executed.
The Property has two operating water monitoring wells that were mandatory for us to receive a water pollution control permit. Part of the permitting application is for the allowance of the company to store its waste rock underground. The property has no milling onsite and we must rely on a third party to receive our mineralized material and tombstone our tailings.
Amendment to Option Agreement
On October 31, 2019, we entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Option Agreement with LSG.
Under the Amendment, the exercise of the 60% option was restructured into two separate 30% options, such that we may now earn a 30% interest in the Property (for a total of 50%) (the “Second Option”) by completing the following actions:
| ● | paying LSG $5 million in cash from the Property’s mineral production proceeds in the form of an NSR royalty (the “Initial Payment”); |
| ● | paying LSG all accrued and unpaid penalty payments under the Option Agreement; |
| ● | repaying to LSG (i) all loans, advances or other payments made by LSG to the Company and (ii) all expenditures on the Property funded by or on behalf of LSG until the date on which the Initial Payment has been completed; and |
| ● | funding all expenditures on the Property until the date on which the Initial Payment has been completed. |
Following the exercise of the Second Option, we may earn an additional 30% interest in the Property (for a total of 80%) (the “Third Option”) by completing the following actions:
| ● | paying LSG a further $5 million in cash from the Property’s mineral production proceeds in the form of a NSR royalty (the “Final Payment”); and |
| ● | funding all expenditures on the Property from the date on which the Second Option is exercised until the date on which the Final Payment has been completed. |
The primary effect of the Amendment is therefore to increase to the purchase price for the additional 60% interest in the Property from $5 million to $10 million, while at the same time separating it into tranches.
The foregoing description of the Amendment includes a summary of all the material provisions but is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Amendment included as Exhibit 10.8 to our report filed on Form 8-K on November 6, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
We agreed with LSG that upon the successful completion of a toll milling agreement after permitting is achieved, there will be a basis to form a joint management committee to outline work programs and budgets, as contemplated in the Option Agreement and for us to act as the operator of the Property. To the date of this report LSG has borne all costs in connection with operations on the Property.
13
| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
Property - Previous Exploration Work, Mineralization and State of Exploration
The Property is wholly owned by LSG, our largest shareholder, and is clear titled. A 1% net smelter royalty exists in the favor of the original property owner. The property consists of 31 patented claims on approximately 460 acres. LSG, over the past 15 years and continuing, has spent close to $8 million on underground rehab of approximately 1/2 mile of drift at the 300ft sub-surface level. LSG also executed 22 surface core drill holes for a total of 10,400ft and 152 underground core drill holes for a total of 23,000ft.
It is important to note the following sample preparation and quality controls used by LSG and by ICN, a previous operator of the Property:
Lode-Star Gold drill hole core sampling and analytical protocol
All drill core samples were prepared and delivered to ALS Minerals in Reno by Tom Temkin, our COO. Individual sampled intervals varied from one to five-foot lengths, based on geologic parameters, and included 100% of core intervals. No core splitting was conducted. No duplicate samples or standards were introduced other than those inserted and utilized by ALS for their internal quality control. Lab preparation of individual samples included crushing and grinding to minus 200 mesh, followed by a 1-ton assay for gold. All samples that initially assayed over 1.0 opt Au were systematically re-assayed.
ICN drill hole core and Rotary RC sampling and analytical protocol
All drill core samples were prepared by ICN personnel and either delivered to the assay lab or were picked up on-site by lab personnel. Rotary RC chip drilling samples were collected on-site and transported to Reno by the respective labs. The labs used included ALS Minerals and American Assay Lab. Core was sawn by ALS Minerals and/or ICN personnel. Individual core sampled intervals varied from one to five-foot lengths, based on geologic parameters, and included one-half of the original core material. Rotary RC samples were taken at five-foot intervals entirely. Quality control for all samples included a protocol of inserting duplicate samples, blanks, and known standards, at repeating intervals to maintain .08% check sampling. Lab preparation of Individual samples included crushing and grinding to minus 200 mesh, followed by a 1-ton assay for gold. All samples that initially assayed over 1.0 opt Au were systematically re-assayed.
Third Party Assay Data Audit
Mine Development Associates (MDA Reno), a highly regarded third party NI 43-101 service provider, has audited our drill hole database and performed a comparative QA/QC check assay analysis on selected drilling and determined no inconsistencies to exist and assays were repeatable.
NI 43-101 Update Status
We filed an independent Technical Report written in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 - Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101) on our property located in Goldfield, Nevada. Although not required for OTC listing, we had this report prepared under NI 43-101 guidelines to provide a summary of the Goldfield Bonanza Project. This NI 43-101 is required documentation for future possible business transactions and listings on Canadian exchanges. The Technical Report titled “Technical Report on the Goldfield Bonanza Project Esmeralda County Nevada U.S.A.” dated January 15, 2020 has been prepared by Mr. Robert M. Hatch, SME Registered Geologist.
The report is available for review on EDGAR (https://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/companysearch.html) and SEDAR (https://www.sedar.com/) under Lode-Star Mining’s issuer profile.
Metallurgy Reports
To date the Company has had three metallurgy reports prepared. In order they are: Kappes Cassady & Associates located in Reno, NV dated July 10, 2006, Newmont Mining located in Carlin, NV dated May 27, 2010, and McClelland Laboratories, Inc. located in Reno, NV dated January 26, 2016. Indications are that we can expect at a minimum, an 85% AU recovery from floatation milling. Better recovery is achieved by Agitated Leach processing, which show results closer to +90%. The best recovery results, +95%, due to the high sulphide content of the ore, is achieved through roasting. An additional lab report has been generated by Kappes Cassady & Associates to determine ore compatibility for processing at Scorpio Gold’s milling circuit.
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| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
Key Developments
On November 20, 2018 we were issued Water Pollution Control Permit NEV2017109 from the Nevada Department of Environmental Protection (NDEP) regarding production at the property. This Permit authorizes the construction, operation, and closure of approved mining facilities in Esmeralda County, Nevada. The Permit is effective for 5 years until November 20, 2023 and authorizes the processing of 10,000 tons of ore per year from Lode-Star’s underground operations. 100% of the permitting cost has been borne by our largest shareholder, Lode Star Gold INC.
Unique to our production permit, the Nevada Department of Environmental Protection has endorsed the Company’s intentions to temporarily store waste rock underground. Once stockpiled, waste rock is brought to the surface to backfill and remediate our historic abandoned mine shafts. This will save us the significant time and expense of having to permit and build a surface waste containment facility.
Recent Events
The Covid-19 pandemic has had minimal effect on the execution of our milestones.
Permitting:
The Company received notice from NDEP that a major modification to our Water Pollution Control Permit NEV2017109 is necessary to expand the limitation of waste material produced and backfilled into our historic, abandoned mine shafts. The timeline for this modification may take as long as one year.
Operations:
In September the Company experienced a hoist motor failure that required underground activity to be suspended until the motor is repaired.
Mine Development:
Mine development has been suspended until such time as the hoist is put back into service and the Company receives notice regarding its water pollution control permit. Work will then resume on our Secondary Escape-way (an MSHA requirement).
The target area, as described in our most recent NI 43-101, is the high-grade area referred to as the Church Vein Zone. This zone measures up to 40 feet in width and trends at least 600 feet north-northeasterly, immediately west of the Church shaft. Drilling by ICN in 2011 included 19 core holes with varying results. Some holes did not hit the intended target and will be re-drilled to better test the target. As drilling progressed into the vein area, marginal gold was identified. Three holes, ICN-003, ICN-013 and ICN-014 (results below) hit solid high- grade intercepts which need further drilling to define. (Grams per Metric Tonne = 34.2857).
Hole ICN-003: included 9.5 ft (2.90 m) weighted averaged assays of 40.79 oz/ton (1398.6 g/t) gold. Hole ICN-013: included 4.5 ft (1.37 m) with 51.46 oz/ton (1764.2 g/t) gold. Hole ICN-014: included 3.5 ft (1.00 m) with 68.02 oz/ton (2332.0 g/t) gold. Hole ICN-001 included 3.0 ft (0.90 m) with averaged assays of 6.29 oz/ton (215.7 g/t) gold and ICN-023 included 4.0 ft (1.22 m) with averaged assays of 1.44 oz/ton (49.35 g/t) gold.
Mine Development - Drilling the Northeast Corridor
For technical details, see our report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Property’s Red Hills and Church zones can support mine development utilizing the Company’s current infrastructure. Underground mining in the Red Hills area will extract ore on the 300 ft-level. We plan to initially mine 10,000 tons of material per year at a rate of approximately 50 tons per day.
We have a $5.0 million exploration and mine development program that is focused on defining the Property’s existing and mineable gold mineralization; to advance the geologic modeling in preparation for mining; and bulk sampling of the Project’s current underground workings as well as for working capital purposes.
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| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
Funding
Details of the development program are as follows:
| Item | Major Categories | Cost |
| 1. | Equipment & Mining Materials | $275,000 |
| 2. | Secondary Escape & Second Production Shaft | $1 million |
| 3. | Red Hills/Stope & Decline Vein Zones Mining | $860,000 |
| 4. | Drilling the Northeast Corridor | $2 million |
| 5. | Corporate & General Admin. | $865,000 |
| Total | $5 million |
Line items 1, 2, 3 and 5 above, totaling $3.0 million are required for bulk sampling of the Property’s current workings.
Line item 4 accounts for the Development Drilling totaling $2.0 million required to fully assess the Northeast Corridor.
The estimates above are for planning purposes only. No information contained herein should be considered an official corporate offering. The application of funds shown above is an estimate and may not exactly match the actual future costs.
Funding
All of our ongoing operations, since the inception of our Mineral Option Agreement on October 4, 2014, have been funded by monies advanced to us by Lode-Star Gold INC. (LSG) our largest shareholder. We do not currently have enough funds to carry out our entire plan of operations, so we intend to meet the balance of our cash requirements for the next 12 months through a combination of debt financing and equity financing through private placements. There is no assurance that we will be successful in completing any such financings
If we are unsuccessful in obtaining sufficient funds through our capital raising efforts, we may review other financing options, although we cannot provide any assurance that any such options will be available to us or on terms reasonably acceptable to us. Further, if we are unable to secure any additional financing then we plan to reduce the amount that we spend on our operations, including our management-related consulting fees and other general expenses, so as not to exceed the capital resources available to us. Regardless, our current cash reserves and working capital will not be sufficient for us to sustain our business for the next 12 months, even if we decide to scale back our operations.
Personnel
We have no employees. Since January 1, 2020, we have incurred consulting fees of $25,000 per quarter to a company controlled by our president and CEO, Mark Walmesley, for services provided to us by Mr. Walmesley. We expect to continue to use outside consultants, advisors, attorneys and accountants as necessary.
Our Chief Operating Officer, Thomas Temkin, who is also a director, is a Certified Professional Geologist and a Qualified Person under National Instrument (NI) 43101, with more than 40 years of experience in the mining industry, primarily in exploration in the Western United States. He is currently a consulting geologist working with LSG. Mr. Temkin has been associated with LSG and the Property for over 20 years and has been instrumental through its entire exploration program to date.
Our Corporate Secretary, Pam Walters, has been associated with the mining industry for over 25 years and has managed the corporate finance and business operations of LSG and its owners.
Going Concern
In the audit report accompanying our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, our auditors issued a going concern opinion. This means that there is substantial doubt that we can continue as an on-going business for the next twelve months unless we obtain additional capital to pay our expenses. We have not generated any revenues to-date and we cannot currently estimate the timing of any possible future revenues. Currently, our only source of cash is from loans or investments by others in our common stock.
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| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
Results of Operations
The following summary of our results of operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 should be read in conjunction with our financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2021, included above in Part I, Item 1.
| Three Months Ended September 30 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Revenue | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 76,548 | 71,407 | 5,141 | 7 | % | |||||||||||
| Operating Loss | (76,548 | ) | (71,407 | ) | (5,141 | ) | 7 | % | ||||||||
| Other Expenses | 25,341 | 21,769 | 3,572 | 16 | % | |||||||||||
| Net Loss | (101,889 | ) | (93,176 | ) | (8,713 | ) | 9 | % | ||||||||
| EPS | 0.00 | 0.00 | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Revenue | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 263,466 | 276,493 | (13,027 | ) | (5 | %) | ||||||||||
| Operating Loss | (263,466 | ) | (276,493 | ) | 13,027 | 5 | % | |||||||||
| Other Expenses | 72,348 | 61,064 | 11,284 | 18 | % | |||||||||||
| Net Loss | (355,814 | ) | (337,557 | ) | 1,743 | (1 | %) | |||||||||
| EPS | (0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | - | - | ||||||||||
Revenues
We had no operating revenues during the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. We recorded a net loss of $101,889 for the current quarter (2020: $93,176) and $355,814 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (2020: $337,557) and have an accumulated deficit of $3,830,715. The possibility and timing of revenue being generated from our mineral property interest remains uncertain.
Expenses
Notable changes in expenses for the third quarter in 2021 compared to 2020 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30 | Increase/(Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| Exploration and evaluation | 7,754 | 3,652 | 4,102 | 12 | % | |||||||||||
| Interest, bank and finance charges | 25,341 | 21,769 | 3,572 | 16 | % | |||||||||||
Exploration and evaluation expense in Q3 of both years was for assay costs. More assays were required in the current year as evaluation work increased.
Interest, bank and finance charges were higher in Q3 of 2021 as a result of higher balances in interest-bearing amounts due to related parties, i.e. loans, plus accrued mineral option fees and related interest.
Balance Sheets at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020
Items with notable period-end differences are as follows:
| Change | ||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Prepaid fees | 1,443 | 3,940 | (2,497 | ) | (63 | %) | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 167,064 | 84,181 | 82,883 | 98 | % | |||||||||||
| Due to related parties and accrued interest | 2,270,959 | 2,021,878 | 249,081 | 12 | % | |||||||||||
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| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) |
Prepaid fees decreased due to payments of $2,500 that were prepaid at December 31, 2020 being applied to current period assay costs.
The increase in Accounts payable primarily resulted from the accrual of $75,000 in consulting fees for strategic and mine development, plus the accrual of approximately $5,000 in payables for Professional fees.
The increase in Due to related parties resulted from increased related party loans and accrued interest in 2021 of approximately $146,000, together with the accrual of fees and interest due under the terms of our mineral option agreement with LSG of approximately $103,000.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At September 30, 2021 our total assets were $242,914 (December 31, 2020: $246,764) and our total liabilities were $2,438,023 (December 31, 2020: $2,106,059).
Our working capital deficiency at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and the changes between those dates were as follows:
| Increase/(Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||
| September 30,2021 | December 31,2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Current Assets | 12,734 | 16,584 | ($ | 3,850 | ) | (23 | %) | |||||||||
| Current Liabilities | 2,438,023 | 2,106,059 | 331,964 | 16 | % | |||||||||||
| Working Capital (Deficiency) | (2,425,289 | ) | (2,089,475 | ) | (335,814 | ) | (16 | %) | ||||||||
The increase in our working capital deficiency from December 31, 2020 to September 30, 2021 was mainly due to the increase in Accounts payable of approximately $83,000 together with the increase in Due to related parties of approximately $249,000 and the decrease in Prepaid fess of approximately $2,500 (each of which are explained above).
Cash Flows
| Nine Months Ended September 30 | Increase/(Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows Provided By (Used In): | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating Activities | (56,353 | ) | (117,837 | ) | 61,484 | (52 | %) | |||||||||
| Financing Activities | 55,000 | 120,000 | (65,000 | ) | (54 | %) | ||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash | (1,353 | ) | 2,163 | (3,516 | ) | (163 | %) | |||||||||
We have yet to generate any revenues from our business operation and our ability to generate adequate amounts of cash to meet our needs is entirely dependent on the issuance of shares or loans, which have been our principal sources of working capital so far. For the foreseeable future, we will have to continue to rely on those sources for funding. We have no assurance that we can successfully engage in any further private sales of our securities or that we can obtain any additional loans.
| ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. |
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.
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| ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures also include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective, due to the size and nature of the existing business operation. Given the size of our current operation and existing personnel, the opportunity to implement disclosure control procedures is limited. Until the organization can increase sufficiently in size to warrant an increase in personnel required to effectively execute and monitor formal disclosure control procedures, those formal procedures will not be implemented. Given the current size of the organization, there are not significant levels of supervision, review, independent directors or a formal audit committee.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
| ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide information under this item. Our business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including, without limitation, the items listed in Item 1A RISK FACTORS in our report filed on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020.
| ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS. |
We had no unregistered sales of securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
On March 4, 2021 50,000 options were exercised on a cashless basis, resulting in the issuance of 28,571 common shares.
Other than as disclosed in previous reports filed with the SEC, we have not issued any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act within the past three years.
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| ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS. |
The following documents are included herein:
| Incorporated by reference | ||||
| Exhibit No. | Document Description | Form | Date | Number |
| 10.8 | Amendment to Mineral Option Agreement | 8-K | 11/06/2019 | 10.8 |
| 31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
| 32.1 | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for the Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officer. | |||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | |||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | |||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | |||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | |||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase | |||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||
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SignatureS
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 12th day of November 2021.
| Lode-Star Mining Inc. | |||
| BY | “Mark Walmesley” | ||
| Mark Walmesley | |||
| President, Principal Executive Officer, Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer | |||
In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
| Signature | Title | Date |
| /s/ Mark Walmesley |
Director, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
November 12, 2021 |
| Mark Walmesley | ||
| /s/ Thomas Temkin |
Director and Chief Operating Officer |
November 12, 2021 |
| Thomas Temkin |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
| Incorporated by reference | ||||
| Exhibit No. | Document Description | Form | Date | Number |
| 10.8 | Amendment to Mineral Option Agreement | 8-K | 11/06/2019 | 10.8 |
| 31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
| 32.1 | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for the Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officer. | |||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | |||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | |||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | |||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | |||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase | |||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||
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