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Galiano Gold Inc 6-K, filed Nov 6, 2020

Galiano Gold Inc. (GAU)

6-K 2020-11-06 For: 2020-09-30
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Added on April 08, 2026

About this 6-K

Galiano Gold Inc filed this 6-K on November 6, 2020.

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of November 2020

Commission File No. 001-33580

GALIANO GOLD INC. (Translation of registrant's name into English)

Suite 1640, 1066 West Hastings Street Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X1, Canada (Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F

Form 20-F  [  ]  Form 40-F [X]

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1)  [  ]

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7)  [  ]

SUBMITTED HEREWITH

Exhibits 99.1 to 99.2 included with this report are hereby incorporated by reference into the registrant's registration statement on Form F-10 (File no. 333-239109) (the "Registration Statement"), and to be a part thereof from the date on which this report is submitted, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.

Exhibits ****
99.1 Interim consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
99.2 Management's Discussion & Analysis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
99.3 CEO certification of interim filings
99.4 CFO certification of interim filings
99.5 News release dated November 6, 2020

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

GALIANO GOLD INC.

/s/ Fausto Di Trapani ________________________________ Fausto Di Trapani Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Date:  November 6, 2020

Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.1 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

****

GALIANO GOLD INC.

(formerly Asanko Gold Inc. ^1^)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNAUDITED

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position 2
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) 3
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Equity 4
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flow 5
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements 6-28

^________________________________1^ The Company's name was changed from "Asanko Gold Inc." to "Galiano Gold Inc." effective April 30, 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.

(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

AS AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND DECEMBER 31, 2019

(In thousands of United States Dollars)

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Note
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 63,489 31,109
Receivables 178 161
Receivable due from related party 4 2,693 4,183
Prepaid expenses and deposits 1,060 347
67,420 35,800
Non-current assets
Financial assets 5 77,132 108,025
Investment in Joint Venture 6 40,468 -
Right-of-use asset 7 511 589
Property, plant and equipment 105 90
118,216 108,704
Total assets 185,636 144,504
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 3,854 2,234
Lease liability 7 87 83
3,941 2,317
Non-current liabilities
Long-term incentive plan liability 9(b) 480 416
Lease liability 7 450 514
930 930
Total liabilities 4,871 3,247
Equity
Share capital 8 578,514 578,385
Equity reserves 9 49,746 50,072
Accumulated deficit (447,495 (487,200
Total equity 180,765 141,257
Total liabilities and equity 185,636 144,504
Commitments and contingencies 10
Subsequent events 16

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors:

"Greg McCunn" “Marcel de Groot”
Director Director

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

(In thousands of United States Dollars, except dollar per share amounts)

Three months ended Nine months ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Note
Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint <br>   venture 6 5,587 (126,047 40,468 (126,264
Service fee earned as operators of joint venture 4 1,234 1,488 3,677 3,740
General and administrative expenses 11 (5,183 (3,199 (11,415 (9,460
Income (loss) from operations and joint venture 1,638 (127,758 32,730 (131,984
Finance income 12 1,571 214 7,062 736
Finance expense 5 (12 (19,977 (35 (15,470
Foreign exchange gain (loss) 8 5 (52 (5
Net income (loss) and comprehensive income   (loss) for the period 3,205 (147,516 39,705 (146,723
Income (loss) per share:
Basic 0.01 (0.65 0.18 (0.65
Diluted 0.01 (0.65 0.18 (0.65
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic 13 223,648,336 225,902,646 223,474,084 225,839,725
Diluted 13 225,939,861 225,902,646 224,768,772 225,839,725

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019 (In thousands of United States Dollars, except for number of common shares)

Number of<br>shares Share capital Equityreserves Accumulateddeficit Total equity
Note
Balance as at December 31, 2018 225,804,614 578,853 49,261 (319,272 308,842
Issuance of common shares on exercise of <br>   share-based options 9(a) 403,116 490 (158 - 332
Share-based payments 9(a) - - 692 - 692
Net loss and comprehensive loss for the <br>   period - - - (146,723 (146,723
Balance as at September 30, 2019 226,207,730 579,343 49,795 (465,995 163,143
Balance as at December 31, 2019 225,098,810 578,385 50,072 (487,200 141,257
Shares repurchased and cancelled under <br>   normal course issuer bid 8(c) (2,758,063 ) (2,296 - - (2,296
Shares issued upon exercise of share-based <br>   options 9(a) 1,719,359 2,425 (692 - 1,733
Share-based payments 9(a) - - 366 - 366
Net income and comprehensive income for <br>   the period - - - 39,705 39,705
Balance as at September 30, 2020 224,060,106 578,514 49,746 (447,495 180,765

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

(In thousands of United States Dollars)

Three months ended Nine months ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Note
Operating activities:
Net income (loss) for the period 3,205 (147,516 39,705 (146,723
Adjustments for:
Share of net (earnings) loss related to joint <br>         venture 6 (5,587 126,047 (40,468 126,264
Depreciation and depletion 40 24 123 58
Share-based payments 9(a), 9(b), 11 497 390 1,476 1,283
Finance income 12 (1,571 (214 (7,062 (736
Finance expense 9 19,974 27 15,461
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) 1 (24 (85 (35
Operating cash flow before working capital <br>      changes (3,406 (1,319 (6,284 (4,428
Change in non-cash working capital 14 422 (2,220 1,439 (2,731
Cash used in operating activities (2,984 (3,539 (4,845 (7,159
Investing activities:
Redemption of preferred shares in joint <br>      venture 5 - 10,000 37,500 10,000
Expenditures on property, plant and <br>      equipment (30 (4 (60 (18
Interest received 204 34 462 128
Cash provided by investing activities 174 10,030 37,902 10,110
Financing activities:
Shares repurchased under normal course <br>      issuer bid 8(c) - - (2,296 -
Shares issued upon exercise of share-based <br>      options 9(a) 1,368 332 1,733 332
Office lease payments 7 (29 (10 (87 (10
Cash provided by (used in) financing <br>   activities 1,339 322 (650 322
Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash <br>   equivalents 11 1 (27 4
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash <br>   equivalents during the period (1,460 6,814 32,380 3,277
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of <br>   period 64,949 6,821 31,109 10,358
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 63,489 13,635 63,489 13,635
Supplemental cash flow information 14

All values are in US Dollars.

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

1. Nature of operations

Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") was incorporated on September 23, 1999 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, Canada.  The Company changed its name from Asanko Gold Inc. to Galiano Gold Inc. which was approved by the Company's shareholders at its Annual General and Special Meeting on April 30, 2020. The Company's head office and principal address is located at 1640 - 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X1, Canada. The Company's registered and records office is located at Suite 2600, Three Bentall Centre, 595 Burrard Street, Vancouver, V7X 1L3. The Company's common shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and NYSE American Exchange ("NYSE American") under the ticker symbol "GAU".

The Company's principal business activity is the operation of the Asanko Gold Mine ("AGM") through a 50:50 joint venture arrangement (the "JV") associated with the Company's 45% economic interest in the AGM (see note 6) and exploration and development of mineral property interests. The Government of Ghana has a 10% free-carried interest in the AGM. The AGM consists of two neighboring gold projects, the Obotan Project and the Esaase Project, both located in the Amansie West District of the Republic of Ghana ("Ghana"), West Africa.

In addition to its interest in the AGM, the Company's interest in the JV also includes a 50% interest in a portfolio of other Ghanaian gold concessions in various stages of exploration.

2. Basis of presentation

(a) Statement of compliance

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard ("IAS") 34 - Interim Financial Reporting, using accounting policies consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and Interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC"). These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the necessary annual disclosures in accordance with IFRS and should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The accounting policies followed in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the same as those applied in the Company's most recent audited consolidated annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue and approved by the Board of Directors on November 5, 2020.

(b) Basis of presentation and consolidation

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for financial instruments carried at fair value.

All amounts are expressed in thousands of United States dollars, unless otherwise stated, and the United States dollar is the functional currency of the Company and each of its subsidiaries. References to C$ are to Canadian dollars.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements incorporate the financial information of the Company and its subsidiaries as at September 30, 2020. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity as to obtain benefits from its activities.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

2. Basis of presentation (continued)

Subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial results of the Company from the effective date of acquisition up to the effective date of disposition or loss of control.

All significant intercompany amounts and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated on consolidation.

The principal subsidiaries and joint arrangements to which the Company is a party, as well as their geographic locations, were as follows as at September 30, 2020:

Subsidiary name Location Interest Classification and accounting method
Galiano Gold South Africa (PTY) Ltd. South Africa 100% Consolidated
Galiano International (Barbados) Inc. Barbados 100% Consolidated
Galiano Gold (Barbados) Inc. Barbados 100% Consolidated
Asanko Gold Ghana Limited Ghana 45% Joint venture; equity method
Adansi Gold Company (GH) Limited Ghana 50% Joint venture; equity method
Shika Group Finance Limited Isle of Man 50% Joint venture; equity method

Certain subsidiaries of the Company changed their official names during the period to align with Galiano's change of name.

(c) Accounting standards adopted during the period

There were no new standards effective January 1, 2020 that impacted these condensed consolidated interim financial statements or are expected to have a material effect in the future.

(d) Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted

There were no accounting standards or amendments to existing standards issued but not yet adopted as of January 1, 2020 that are expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial statements in the future.

3. Significant accounting judgements and estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with IFRS, requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes the estimates and assumptions used in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from those estimates and could impact future results of operations and cash flows. The Company's significant accounting judgments and estimates were presented in note 5 of the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The Company considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the significant judgments and estimates made in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements and determined that the effects of COVID-19 did not have a material impact on the estimates and judgments applied.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

4. Receivable due from related party

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company earned a service fee of $1.2 million and $3.7 million, respectively, as operators of the JV (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $1.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively).  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the service fee was comprised of a gross service fee of $1.5 million and $4.6 million, respectively, less withholding taxes payable in Ghana of $0.3 million and $0.9 million (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - gross service fee of $1.5 million and $4.5 million less withholding taxes payable in Ghana of $0.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively). As at September 30, 2020, the Company had a receivable due from the JV in respect of the service fee in the amount of $2.7 million, net of withholding taxes (December 31, 2019 - $4.2 million).

All transactions with related parties have occurred in the normal course of operations and were measured at the exchange amount agreed to by the parties. All amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no specific terms of settlement.

5. Financial assets

As part of the JV transaction with Gold Fields (note 6), the Company initially subscribed to 204.9 million non-voting fixed redemption price redeemable preferences shares in Shika Group Finance Limited (the "preference shares"). The preference shares were issued at a par value of $1 per redeemable share.

The following table summarizes the change in the carrying amount of the Company's preference shares held in the joint venture:

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 108,025 153,651
Fair value adjustment for the period 6,607 (35,626
Redemption of preferred shares during the period (37,500 (10,000
Balance, end of period 77,132 108,025

All values are in US Dollars.

184.9 million of the preference shares initially subscribed for have no fixed redemption date. As these preference shares have no contractual fixed terms of repayment that arise on specified dates, they are measured at fair value through profit or loss at each reporting period-end.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the JV redeemed $37.5 million of the preference shares, bringing the Company's holding to 137.4 million preference shares in the JV as at September 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - 174.9 million preference shares). No preference shares were redeemed during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

As at September 30, 2020, the Company re-measured the fair value of the redeemable preference shares to $77.1 million (applying a discount rate of 8.4%) resulting in the recognition of a positive fair value adjustment of $1.4 million and $6.6 million in finance income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - a downward fair value adjustment of $20.0 million and $15.5 million, respectively, recognized in finance expense). These preference shares are classified as a Level 3 financial asset in the fair value hierarchy.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture

On July 31, 2018, the Company completed a transaction (the "JV Transaction") with a subsidiary of Gold Fields Limited ("Gold Fields"), following which:

  • the Company and Gold Fields each own a 45% economic interest in Asanko Gold Ghana Limited ("AGGL"), which owns the AGM, with the Government of Ghana retaining a 10% free-carried interest in the AGM;
  • the Company and Gold Fields each own a 50% interest in Adansi Gold Company (GH) Limited ("Adansi Ghana"), which owns a number of exploration licenses; and
  • the Company and Gold Fields each acquired a 50% interest in the JV entity, Shika Group Finance Limited ("JV Finco").

Under the terms of the Joint Venture Agreement ("JVA") with Gold Fields, the Company remains the manager and operator of the JV and receives an arm's length fee for services rendered to the JV of $6.2 million per annum (originally $6.0 million, but adjusted annually for inflation).

The JVA established joint control of the JV and thus the Company no longer controls the AGM and associated properties. As the JV is structured within the legal entities of AGGL, Adansi Ghana and JV Finco, the JV represents a joint venture as defined under IFRS 11 - Joint Arrangements, and the Company commenced equity accounting for its interest in the JV effective July 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the change in the carrying amount of the Company's investment in the joint venture:

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
$
Balance, beginning of period - 126,264
Company's share of net earnings of the JV for the period 40,468 2,074
Impairment of equity investment in joint venture - (128,338
Balance, end of period 40,468 -

All values are in US Dollars.

The Company's share of the net earnings of the JV was $5.6 million and $40.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - share of net earnings of $2.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively).

Operating and financial results of the AGM JV for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

Summarized financial information for the Company's investment in the JV, on a 100% basis, is outlined in the table below.

All disclosures in this note 6 are on a 100% JV basis, unless otherwise indicated. The JV applies the same accounting policies as the Company.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

Three months ended Nine months ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
**** Notes 2020 2019 2020 2019
Revenues (i) 100,713 91,164 307,026 243,894
Production costs (ii) (63,454 ) (50,721 ) (149,514 ) (146,652 )
Depreciation and depletion (vi) (14,803 ) (24,665 ) (40,486 ) (64,840 )
Royalties (ii) (5,035 ) (4,559 ) (15,351 ) (12,306 )
Income from mine operations 17,421 11,219 101,675 20,096
Exploration and evaluation expenditures (2,630 ) (2,438 ) (6,435 ) (3,873 )
General and administrative expenses (2,364 ) (2,209 ) (6,005 ) (5,138 )
Income from operations 12,427 6,572 89,235 11,085
Finance expense (x) (890 ) (3,913 ) (2,112 ) (7,810 )
Finance income 64 89 223 215
Foreign exchange gain 825 525 2,626 1,125
Net income before taxes 12,426 3,273 89,972 4,615
Income tax recovery - 1,823 - -
Net income after tax for the period **** 12,426 5,096 89,972 4,615
Company's share of net income of the JV for the period 5,587 2,291 40,468 2,074
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated
---

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

The assets and liabilities of the AGM JV, on a 100% basis, as at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:

**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Note $ $
Assets **** ****
Current assets **** ****
Cash and cash equivalents 43,289 40,758
Restricted cash - 3,000
Receivables 17,142 9,516
Inventories (iii) 66,102 49,968
Prepaid expenses and deposits 5,295 2,031
VAT receivable 13,195 10,556
145,023 115,829
Non-current assets (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) 271,166 238,781
Total assets 416,189 354,610
Liabilities ****
Current liabilities ****
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 77,421 62,153
Revolving credit facility (vii) 30,000 -
Lease liability (viii) 10,259 18,142
117,680 80,295
Non-current liabilities
Lease liability (viii) 454 5,063
Long-term incentive plan liability 467 402
Asset retirement provisions (ix) 69,912 56,148
70,833 61,613
Total liabilities 188,513 141,908
Equity 227,676 212,702
Total liabilities and equity **** 416,189 354,610
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated
---

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

The Company has provided the following incremental disclosures for stakeholders to evaluate the financial performance and financial condition of the AGM. All amounts in the following tables and descriptions are on a 100% basis.

(i) Revenues

In 2013, concurrent with the closing of the AGM's former debt project financing, AGGL entered into an offtake agreement with a special purpose vehicle of RK Mine Finance Trust I ("Red Kite") with the following details (the "Offtake Agreement"):

  • sale of 100% of the future gold production from the AGM up to a maximum of 2.2 million ounces to Red Kite;

  • Red Kite to pay for 100% of the value of the gold ten business days after shipment;

  • a provisional payment of 90% of the estimated value will be made one business day after delivery;

  • the gold sale price will be a spot price selected during a nine-day quotational period following shipment of gold from the mine;

  • performance obligations of the AGM are satisfied once the refining outturn report is provided to Red Kite; and

  • should AGGL wish to terminate the Offtake Agreement, a termination fee will be payable according to a schedule dependent upon the total funds drawn under the Red Kite debt arrangement as well as the amount of gold delivered under the Offtake Agreement at the time of termination.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM sold 53,975 and 183,152 ounces of gold, respectively, to Red Kite in accordance with the Offtake Agreement (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 63,009 ounces and 182,767 ounces, respectively).

Included in revenue of the AGM is $0.3 million and $0.7 million relating to by-product silver sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively). During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, $2.2 million of gold sales related to pre-production activities at Esaase were capitalized to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E") of the AGM.

As of September 30, 2020, the AGM has delivered 1,022,525 ounces to Red Kite under the Offtake Agreement. The Offtake Agreement was not affected by the JV Transaction and will remain in effect until all contracted ounces have been delivered to Red Kite or AGGL elects to terminate the Offtake Agreement and pay the associated fee.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

(ii) Production costs and royalties

The following is a summary of production costs by nature, on a 100% basis, incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

**** Three months ended  September 30, Nine months ended  September 30,
**** 2020 2019 2020 2019
Raw materials and consumables (14,176 ) (12,584 ) (41,669 ) (35,733 )
Salaries and employee benefits (9,654 ) (8,394 ) (27,793 ) (24,074 )
Contractors (net of deferred stripping <br>   costs) (27,735 ) (19,156 ) (81,911 ) (69,660 )
Change in stockpile, gold-in-process and <br>   gold dore inventories (6,988 ) (5,703 ) 14,444 (4,598 )
Insurance, government fees, permits and <br>   other (4,458 ) (4,739 ) (11,757 ) (12,329 )
Share-based payments (443 ) (145 ) (828 ) (258 )
Total production costs (63,454 ) (50,721 ) (149,514 ) (146,652 )

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM recognized a $7.6 million downward adjustment to the carrying value of its stockpile inventory to reflect the net realizable value of stockpiled ore, of which $5.9 million was recorded as production costs and $1.7 million recorded as depreciation expense (three months ended September 30, 2019 - $4.7 million downward adjustment to the carrying value of stockpile inventory, of which $1.9 million was recorded as production costs and $2.8 million as depreciation expense).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM recognized a $6.9 million reversal of previously recorded net realizable value adjustments on its stockpile inventory, of which $0.6 million was credited against production costs and $6.3 million was credited against depreciation expense (nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $17.4 million downward adjustment to the carrying value of stockpile inventory, of which $8.6 million was recorded as production costs and $8.8 million as depreciation expense).

All of the AGM's concessions are subject to a 5% gross revenue royalty payable to the Government of Ghana. The AGM's Akwasiso mining concession is also subject to an additional 2% net smelter return royalty payable to the previous owner of the mineral tenement, and the AGM's Esaase mining concession is also subject to an additional 0.5% net smelter return royalty payable to the Bonte Liquidation Committee.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

(iii) Inventories

The following is a summary of inventories held by the AGM, on a 100% basis, as at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Gold dore on hand 4,286 2,804
Gold-in-process 1,764 1,726
Ore stockpiles 41,883 29,410
Materials and spare parts 22,087 18,679
Total inventories 70,020 52,619
Less non-current inventories:
Ore stockpiles (3,918 (2,651
Total current inventories 66,102 49,968

All values are in US Dollars.

As at December 31, 2019, $29.2 million of the impairment adjustment recognized as part of the AGM's LOM plan update was allocated to long-term stockpiled ore.

(iv) Reclamation deposit

The AGM is required to provide security to the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana ("EPA") for the performance by the AGM of its reclamation obligations in respect of the Abirem, Abore and Adubea mining leases. The initial security totaled $8.5 million and comprised a reclamation deposit in the amount of $1.7 million and a bank guarantee of $6.8 million, which was provided by the Company (note 10). The reclamation deposit accrues interest and is carried at $2.0 million as of September 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $1.9 million).

Subsequent to period end, the AGM updated its reclamation bond for the Esaase deposit. The security provided to the EPA totaled $1.1 million and comprised a reclamation deposit of $0.2 million and a bank guarantee of $0.9 million (50% of which was provided by the Company (note 10)).

The AGM deposited the reclamation deposit in a Ghanaian Bank in the joint names of the AGM and the EPA. The reclamation deposit matures annually, but the AGM is required to reinstate the deposit until receiving a final reclamation completion certificate from the EPA. The AGM is expected to be released from this requirement 45 days following the third anniversary of the date that the AGM receives a final completion certificate.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

(v) Right-of-use assets

The following table shows the movement in the right-of-use asset related to the service and lease agreements of the AGM for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 9,429 -
Initial recognition of right-of-use assets upon adoption of IFRS 16 - 36,616
Recognition of mining contractor services agreements entered into during <br>   the period 5,604 10,502
Depreciation expense (6,377 (17,255
Derecognition associated with termination of contractor services agreement (2,753 (10,343
Allocation of impairment (note 6(vi)) - (10,091
Balance, end of period 5,903 9,429

All values are in US Dollars.

As at September 30, 2020, the carrying value of right-of-use assets associated with service and lease agreements was $5.9 million (December 31, 2019 - $9.4 million), net of $2.6 million and $6.4 million of depreciation expense recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $6.2 million and $13.3 million of depreciation expense, respectively).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, one of the AGM's mining contractor services agreements concluded earlier than the expected lease term.  As a result, the carrying values of the right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with this mining contract were derecognized resulting in a gain of $3.7 million, which was recognized as a reduction to production costs during the period.

(vi) Mineral properties, plant and equipment

Additions to mineral properties, plant and equipment

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM capitalized $6.5 million and $22.4 million, respectively, in expenditures related to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E"), not including capitalized deferred stripping costs, asset retirement costs and right-of-use assets (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - additions of $5.1 million and $17.8 million, respectively).

Of the $6.5 million and $22.4 million capitalized to MPP&E during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $3.1 million and $5.5 million, respectively, was capitalized property acquisition costs and exploration costs relating to properties with existing defined mineral reserves (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $nil million and $0.5 million of capitalized exploration costs, respectively).

Deferred stripping

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM deferred a total of $8.7 million and $14.3 million, respectively, of stripping costs to depletable mineral interests (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - additions of $10.3 million and $33.7 million, respectively).

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

Depreciation and depletion

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM recognized depreciation and depletion expense of $9.1 million (including $1.9 million depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets), while a further $5.7 million of depreciation was expensed that was previously capitalized to the cost of inventories (three months ended September 30, 2019 - depreciation and depletion expense of $25.0 million, which included $8.4 million of depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets, of which $0.3 million was allocated to the cost of inventories).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM recognized depreciation and depletion expense of $40.0 million (including $16.8 million depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets), while a further $0.5 million of depreciation was expensed that was previously capitalized to the cost of inventories  (nine months ended September 30, 2019 - depreciation and depletion expense of $68.4 million, which included $22.9 million of depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets, of which $3.6 million was allocated to the cost of inventories).

(vii) Revolving credit facility

In October 2019, the JV entered into a $30.0 million revolving credit facility (the "RCF") with Rand Merchant Bank ("RMB"). The term of the RCF is three years, maturing in September 2022 and bears interest on a sliding scale of between LIBOR plus a margin of 4% and LIBOR plus a margin of 3.8%, depending on the security granted to RMB. Commitment fees in respect of any undrawn portion of the RCF will accrue on a similar sliding scale of between 1.33% and 1.40%. The JV utilized the full value of the RCF on March 30, 2020 and the balance of the RCF as of September 30, 2020 was $30.0 million (December 31, 2019 - $nil).  During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM recognized interest expense and other fees associated with the RCF of $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - nil for both periods presented).

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

(viii) Lease liability

The following table shows the movement in the lease liability related to mining contractor services agreements of the AGM for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 23,205 -
Initial recognition of lease liability upon adoption of IFRS 16 - 36,616
Recognition of lease agreements entered into during the period 5,604 10,502
Lease payments made during the period (12,312 (15,386
Interest expense recognized during the period 636 1,817
Derecognition associated with termination of mining contractor services <br>   agreement (6,420 (10,344
Total lease liability, end of period 10,713 23,205
Less: current portion of lease liability (10,259 (18,142
Total non-current portion of lease liability, end of period 454 5,063

All values are in US Dollars.

(ix) Reclamation provision

The following table shows the movement in the asset retirement obligation of the AGM as at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 56,148 34,036
Accretion expense 376 903
Change in estimated obligation 13,472 21,309
Reclamation undertaken during the period (84 (100
Balance, end of period 69,912 56,148

All values are in US Dollars.

The decommissioning liability consists of reclamation and closure costs for the JV's Ghanaian mining properties. Reclamation and closure activities include land rehabilitation, dismantling of buildings and mine facilities, ongoing care and maintenance and other costs.

As at September 30, 2020, the AGM's reclamation cost estimates were discounted using a long-term risk-free discount rate of 0.7% (December 31, 2019 - 2.0%). The increase to the carrying value of the reclamation liability was primarily due to a decrease in the discount rate, in addition to an increase in closure cost estimates during the period.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)

(x) Finance expense

The following is a summary of finance expenses incurred by the AGM JV during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Realized and unrealized losses on hedging <br>   instruments - (3,099 - (5,614
Interest on lease liabilities (149 (592 (636 (1,510
Accretion charges on asset <br>   retirement provisions (126 (201 (376 (631
Interest and fees associated with RCF (408 - (841 -
Other (207 (21 (259 (55
Total (890 (3,913 (2,112 (7,810

All values are in US Dollars.

(xi) The cash flows of the AGM, on a 100% basis, were as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
**** 2020 2019 2020 2019
****
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating cash flow before working <br>            capital changes 28,422 30,177 129,209 75,977
Operating activities 18,526 45,570 104,325 74,935
Investing activities (18,972 (26,655 (46,854 (50,430
Financing activities (4,156 (5,051 (57,878 (9,406
Impact of foreign exchange on cash and <br>   cash equivalents 60 22 (62 (179
(Decrease) increase in cash and <br>   cash equivalents during the period (4,542 13,886 (469 14,920
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted <br>   cash, beginning of period 47,831 22,682 43,758 21,648
Cash and cash equivalents, end of    period 43,289 36,568 43,289 36,568

All values are in US Dollars.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

7. Right-of-use asset and lease liability

The Company entered into a lease agreement for corporate office space with an effective date of September 1, 2019. The Company recognized a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for the office space lease agreement in accordance with IFRS 16, amounting to $0.6 million. The following table shows the movement in the right-of-use asset related to corporate office space lease agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 589 -
Recognition of office space lease agreement entered into during the period - 624
Depreciation expense for the period (78 (35
Balance, end of period 511 589

All values are in US Dollars.

The following table shows the movement in the lease liability related to corporate office space lease agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 597 -
Recognition of office space lease agreement entered into during the period - 624
Lease payments made during the period (87 (39
Interest expense recognized during the period 27 12
Total lease liability 537 597
Less: current portion of lease liability (87 (83
Total non-current lease liability 450 514

All values are in US Dollars.

8. Share capital

(a) Authorized:

Unlimited common shares without par value or restrictions.

The Company was previously authorized to issue unlimited preferred shares without par value or restrictions. At the Company's Annual General and Special Meeting of Shareholders held on April 30, 2020, the Company's Notice of Articles was updated to remove preferred shares from the Company's capital structure.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

8. Share capital (continued)

(b) Issued and outstanding common shares

Number of shares Amount
****
Balance, December 31, 2018 225,804,614 578,853
Issued pursuant to exercise of share-based options 403,116 490
Shares repurchased and cancelled under normal course issuer bid (1,108,920 ) (958
Balance, December 31, 2019 225,098,810 578,385
Issued pursuant to exercise of share-based options (note 9(a)) 1,719,359 2,425
Shares repurchased and cancelled under normal course issuer bid (note 8(c)) (2,758,063 ) (2,296
Balance, September 30, 2020 224,060,106 578,514

All values are in US Dollars.

(c) Normal course issuer bid

The Company received approval from the TSX to commence a normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") on November 15, 2019 to purchase up to 11,310,386 common shares, representing 5% of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares. Purchases pursuant to the NCIB will be made on the open market through the facilities of the TSX and NYSE American.

All common shares purchased by the Company under the NCIB will be purchased at the market price at the time of acquisition in accordance with the rules and policies of the TSX and NYSE American and applicable securities laws. All common shares acquired by the Company under the NCIB will be cancelled and purchases will be funded out of the Company's working capital. Although the Company has a present intention to acquire its common shares pursuant to the NCIB, the Company will not be obligated to make any purchases and purchases may be suspended by the Company at any time. The NCIB will terminate on November 14, 2020, or earlier if the maximum number of shares under the NCIB have been purchased. The Company reserves the right to terminate the NCIB earlier if it feels it is appropriate to do so.

In accordance with the rules of the TSX, the maximum daily purchases on the TSX under the NCIB will be 33,499 common shares, which is 25% of the average daily trading volume for the Company's common shares on the TSX for the six months ended October 31, 2019. In addition, maximum daily purchases under the NCIB on the NYSE American will be subject to Rule 10b-18 which specifies that daily purchases may not exceed 25% of average daily trading volume for the four weeks preceding such trading date. These maximum daily limits will apply to purchases on the respective markets, except where such purchases are made in accordance with "block purchases" exemptions under applicable TSX and NYSE American policies.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company repurchased for cancellation a total of 2,758,063 common shares under the NCIB program for $2.3 million (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - nil for both periods).  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the weighted average acquisition price was $nil and $0.83 per share, respectively. Since the NCIB has been initiated, the Company has repurchased and cancelled a total of 3,866,983 common shares for $3.3 million, at a weighted average price of $0.84 per share. No shares were repurchased under the NCIB program during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

8. Share capital (continued)

(d) At-the-Market Offering ("ATM")

On June 25, 2020, the Company entered into an ATM agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co. and Cormark Securities (the "Agents"). Under the ATM agreement, the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the term of the ATM agreement, sell through the Agents common shares of the Company for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $50.0 million (the "Offering"). The Company expects to use any net proceeds of the Offering for general corporate and working capital requirements, including, but not limited to, funding ongoing exploration and operations at the Asanko Gold Mine, funding the Company's working capital requirements, repaying indebtedness outstanding from time to time, completing future acquisitions and/or for other corporate purposes.

Sales of common shares will be made through "at-the-market distributions" as defined in the Canadian Securities Administrators' National Instrument 44-102 - Shelf Distributions, including sales made directly on the NYSE American Stock Exchange ("NYSE American"), or any other recognized marketplace upon which the Company's common shares are listed or quoted or where the common shares are traded in the United States. No offers or sales of common shares will be made in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange or other trading markets in Canada. The Company will pay the Agents a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of common shares. The Company will determine, in its sole discretion, the date, price and number of common shares to be sold under the Offering, if any.  Any common shares sold in the Offering will be distributed at market prices or prices related to prevailing market prices from time to time. The Company is not required to sell any common shares in the Offering at any time.

The Offering is being made by way of a prospectus supplement dated June 25, 2020 (the "Prospectus Supplement") to the Company's existing U.S. registration statement on Form F-10 (the "Registration Statement") and Canadian short form base shelf prospectus (the "Base Shelf Prospectus") each dated June 11, 2020. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the Offering has been filed with the securities commissions in each of the provinces and territories of Canada (other than Québec) and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The Prospectus Supplement and the Registration Statement are available on the SEC's website and the Prospectus Supplement (together with the related Base Shelf Prospectus) is available on the SEDAR website maintained by the Canadian Securities Administrators.

In addition, in connection with Gold Fields Limited's ("GF") existing pre-emptive right to maintain its 9.9% pro rata ownership interest in the Company, the Company has agreed to sell to GF, from time to time during the term of the Offering at GF's election, on a private basis, such number of common shares as represent 9.9% of the common shares issued under the Offering, if any.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company did not issue any common shares under the Offering.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

9. Equity reserves

(a) Share-based options

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company granted 293,000 and 4,381,000 stock options with weighted average exercise prices of C$2.19 and C$1.38 per option, respectively, to directors, officers and employees of the Company (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 185,000 and 3,766,000 stock options granted with weighted average exercise prices of C$1.28 and C$0.98 per option, respectively).

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, 1,131,140 and 6,069,765 stock options were cancelled, expired and/or forfeited with weighted average exercise prices of C$1.17 and C$1.84 per option, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 46,667 and 3,847,917 stock options cancelled and/or expired with weighted average exercise prices of C$1.01 and C$2.08 per option, respectively).

Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, 1,237,302 and 1,719,359 stock options were exercised at weighted average exercise prices of C$1.47 and C$1.36 per option for total aggregate proceeds of $1.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 403,116 stock options exercised with a weighted average exercise price of C$1.09 for total aggregate proceeds of $0.3 million for both periods).

The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in share-based options for the period:

Number of Options Weighted average exercise price
**** C$
Balance, December 31, 2018 13,482,427 2.22
Granted 3,803,700 0.99
Exercised (403,116 ) 1.09
Cancelled/Expired (4,314,649 ) 2.07
Balance, December 31, 2019 12,568,362 1.93
Granted 4,381,000 1.38
Exercised (1,719,359 ) 1.36
Cancelled/Expired/Forfeited (6,069,765 ) 1.84
Balance, September 30, 2020 9,160,238 1.84

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.4 million of share-based payments expense relating to stock options, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively).

**** (b) Restricted Share Units ("RSU")

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company granted 111,900 and 2,266,600 RSUs, respectively, to directors, officers and employees of the Company (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 52,863 and 1,996,883 RSUs granted, respectively). All RSUs vest in three equal tranches over a service period of three years. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, 867,252 and 1,025,586 RSUs were forfeited (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 563,862 and 625,502 RSUs forfeited, respectively).

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company also settled in cash 18,386 and 827,138 RSU awards, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 13,232 and 481,622 RSUs settled in cash, respectively).

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

9. Equity reserves (continued)

The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in the number of RSUs outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

Number of RSUs
**** September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance, beginning of period 2,243,255 1,455,180
Granted 2,266,600 2,024,553
Settled in cash (827,138 ) (481,622 )
Cancelled/Forfeited (1,025,586 ) (754,856 )
Balance, end of period 2,657,131 2,243,255

The RSUs granted are cash-settled awards and, therefore, represent a financial liability which is required to be marked-to-market at each reporting period-end with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense in relation to RSUs of $0.4 million and $1.1 million (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $0.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively).

As at September 30, 2020, the Company recognized a financial liability for cash-settled RSUs of $1.3 million (December 31, 2019 - $1.0 million). The financial liability associated with the cash-settled awards is recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, for amounts expected to be settled within one year, and a separate non-current liability for amounts to be settled in excess of one year.

The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in the RSU liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
****
Balance, beginning of period 1,001 541
Awards vested during the period, net of cancelled/forfeited awards 1,110 819
Settled in cash during the period (781 (359
Total RSU liability, end of period 1,330 1,001
Less: current portion of RSU liability (850 (585
Total non-current RSU liability, end of period 480 416

All values are in US Dollars.

At the Company's Annual General and Special Meeting of shareholders on April 30, 2020, the shareholders approved the Company's amended and restated Share Unit Plan dated April 30, 2020 (the "Share Unit Plan"). Under the Share Unit Plan, the Company is able to issue a combination of RSUs, performance share units ("PSUs") and deferred share units ("DSUs") up to 5% of the outstanding common shares of the Company, provided that the total number of stock options, RSUs, PSUs and DSUs do not exceed 9% of the Company's outstanding common shares . The Company's Board (at its sole discretion) may designate future grants of RSUs, PSUs and DSUs to be settled in either cash, equity or a combination thereof.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

10. Commitments and contingencies

Commitments

As at September 30, 2020, the Company had contractual obligations totaling $5.8 million (December 31, 2019 - $3.5 million).

The following table reflects the Company's contractual obligations as they fall due, excluding commitments and liabilities of the JV, as at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Within<br>1 year 1 - 5 years Over<br>5 years At September 30,<br>2020 At December 31, <br>2019
Accounts payable and accrued <br>   liabilities 3,854 - - 3,854 1,649
Long-term incentive plan (cash-<br>   settled awards) 850 480 - 1,330 1,001
Corporate office leases 118 508 - 626 823
Total 4,822 988 - 5,810 3,473

In addition to the above commitments, the Company has provided a parent company guarantee on the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bond in the amount of $6.8 million. Subsequent to period end, the Company provided an additional parent company guarantee related to the estimated unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bond for the Esaase deposit in the amount of $0.5 million.

Contingencies

Due to the nature of its business, the Company and/or its affiliates may be subject to regulatory investigations, claims, lawsuits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. While the Company cannot reasonably predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, and inherent uncertainties exist in predicting such outcomes, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or future results of operations.

11. General and administrative expenses

The following is a summary of general and administrative expenses incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The general and administrative expenses for the period presented include, but are not limited to, those expenses incurred in order to earn the service fee as operators of the JV (note 4).

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
**** 2020 2019 2020 2019
Wages, benefits and consulting (3,922 (2,227 (7,548 (6,474
Office, rent and administration (170 (191 (557 (562
Professional and legal (311 (150 (835 (329
Share-based payments (497 (390 (1,476 (1,283
Travel, marketing, investor relations and <br>   regulatory (243 (217 (876 (754
Depreciation and other (40 (24 (123 (58
Total (5,183 (3,199 (11,415 (9,460

All values are in US Dollars.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

12. Finance income

The following is a summary of finance income earned during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
**** 2020 2019 2020 2019
$ $ $ $
Fair value adjustment on redeemable shares <br>   (note 5) 1,441 - 6,607 -
Interest income and other 130 37 455 273
Accretion income on redeemable preference <br>   shares - 177 - 463
Total 1,571 214 7,062 736

13. Income (loss) per share

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the calculation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share is based on the following data:

Nine months ended September 30,
2019 2020 2019
Earnings ()
Net income (loss) for the period (147,516 ) 39,705 (146,723 )
Number of shares
Weighted average number of ordinary         shares - basic 225,902,646 223,474,084 225,839,725
Effect of dilutive share options - 1,294,688 -
Weighted average number of ordinary         shares - diluted 225,902,646 224,768,772 225,839,725

All values are in US Dollars.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, 47,565 and 336,912 share-based options outstanding, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares as they were determined to be anti-dilutive.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the effect of any dilutive securities was anti-dilutive due to the net loss reported by the Company in those periods.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

14. Supplemental cash flow information

The following table summarizes the changes in non-cash working capital for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
**** 2020 2019 2020 2019
Receivables 78 (1,482 1,605 (538
Prepaid expenses (823 (194 (713 (259
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 1,167 (544 547 (1,934
Change in non-cash working capital 422 (2,220 1,439 (2,731

All values are in US Dollars.

15. Segmented information

Geographic Information

As at September 30, 2020, the Company has only one reportable operating segment being the corporate function with its head office in Canada.  Total assets in Ghana include the Company's 45% interest in the AGM JV.

Geographic allocation of total assets and liabilities

September 30, 2020 Canada Ghana Total
$ $ $
Current assets 67,420 - 67,420
Property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets 616 - 616
Other non-current assets - 117,600 117,600
Total assets 68,036 117,600 185,636
Current liabilities 3,941 - 3,941
Non-current liabilities 930 - 930
Total liabilities 4,871 - 4,871
December 31, 2019 Canada Ghana Total
$ $ $
Current assets 35,800 - 35,800
Property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets 679 - 679
Other non-current assets - 108,025 108,025
Total assets 36,479 108,025 144,504
Current liabilities 2,317 - 2,317
Non-current liabilities 930 - 930
Total liabilities 3,247 - 3,247
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated
---

15. Segmented information (continued)

Geographic allocation of the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

For the three months ended:

September 30, 2020 Canada Ghana Total
Company's share of net earnings related to JV - 5,587 5,587
Net (loss) income before tax (2,382 5,587 3,205
Income tax expense - - -
Net (loss) income after tax (2,382 5,587 3,205
September 30, 2019 Canada Ghana Total
Company's share of net earnings related to JV - (126,047 (126,264
Net loss before tax (21,469 (126,047 (147,516
Income tax expense - - -
Net loss after tax (21,469 (126,047 (147,516

All values are in US Dollars.

For the nine months ended:

September 30, 2020 Canada Ghana Total
Company's share of net earnings related to JV - 40,468 40,468
Net (loss) income before tax (763 40,468 39,705
Income tax expense - - -
Net (loss) income after tax (763 40,468 39,705
September 30, 2019 Canada Ghana Total
Company's share of net loss related to JV - (126,264 (126,264
Net loss before tax (20,459 (126,264 (146,723
Income tax expense - - -
Net loss after tax (20,459 (126,264 (146,723

All values are in US Dollars.

16. Subsequent events

(a) Subsequent to period end, in accordance with the EPA's recently updated estimates of the AGM's reclamation and closure costs, the AGM provided to the EPA additional security on the Esaase mining lease in the amount of $1.1 million, of which $0.2 million is in the form of a cash deposit and $0.9 million in the form of a bank guarantee. Concurrently, the Company provided a parent company guarantee related to the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bond for the Esaase deposit in the amount of $0.5 million.

GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated

16. Subsequent events (continued)

(b) Subsequent to period end, the Company agreed in principle to the grant of 1,000,000 cash-settled phantom share units to Mr. Paul Wright as Chairman of the Board.  The units will vest three years from the grant date, but will only become payable upon Mr. Wright’s departure from the Board or upon a change of control of the Company, in an amount equal to the value of 1,000,000 common shares as at Mr. Wright’s departure date or date of change of control.

Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.2 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

GALIANO GOLD INC.

(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.^1^)

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

(Expressed in United States dollars)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Overview of the business 2
2. Highlights and key business developments 3-5
3. Results of the AGM 5-18
4. Financial results of the Company 18-19
5. Selected quarterly financial data 20
6. Outlook 20-21
7. Liquidity and capital resources 22-25
8. Non-GAAP measures 25-31
9. Summary of outstanding share data 31
10. Related party transactions 31
11. Critical accounting policies and estimates 31-32
12. Risks and uncertainties 32
13. Internal control 33
14. Qualified person 33
15. Cautionary statements 33-38

^_____________________________________1^ The Company's name was changed from "Asanko Gold Inc." to "Galiano Gold Inc." effective April 30, 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

This Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") of Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") has been prepared by management as of November 5, 2020 and should be read in conjunction with the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 and the notes related thereto.

Galiano was incorporated on September 23, 1999 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, Canada. The Company changed its name from Asanko Gold Inc. to Galiano Gold Inc., following approval of the name change by the Company's shareholders at its Annual General and Special Meeting on April 30, 2020.

Additional information on the Company, including its most recent Annual Information Form ("AIF"), is available under the Company's profile at www.sedar.com and the Company's website: www.galianogold.com.

Unless otherwise specified, all financial information has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. All dollar amounts herein are expressed in United States dollars ("US dollars") unless stated otherwise. References to $ means US dollars and C$ are to Canadian dollars.

This MD&A contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors described in sections "12. Risks and uncertainties" and "15. Cautionary statements" at the end of this MD&A.

1. Overview of the business

Galiano holds a 45% economic interest in the Asanko Gold Mine (the "AGM") and gold exploration tenements (collectively the "joint venture" or "JV") on both the Asankrangwa and Sefwi Gold Belts in the Republic of Ghana ("Ghana"), West Africa. Galiano is the operator of the joint venture and receives an annual service fee from the JV. Gold Fields Limited ("Gold Fields") owns a 45% economic interest in the AGM JV, with the Government of Ghana owning a 10% free-carried interest.

Galiano's vision is to build a sustainable business capable of long-term value creation for its stakeholders through a combination of exploration, accretive M&A activities and the disciplined deployment of its financial resources. The Company's shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and the NYSE American ("NYSE") under the symbol "GAU".

The AGM is a multi-deposit complex, with two main deposits, Nkran and Esaase, multiple satellite deposits and a carbon-in-leach ("CIL") processing plant, with a current capacity of 5.4 million tonnes per annum ("Mtpa").

In conjunction with the Company's filing of a base shelf prospectus in Q2 2020, the Company filed an updated Life of Mine plan entitled National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report for the Asanko Gold Mine, Ghana (Amended and Restated) dated June 9, 2020 with information as of February 15, 2020 (the "2020 LOM Plan").  The report can be found on SEDAR, www.sedar.com, and on the Company's website at www.galianogold.com.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

2. Highlights and key business developments

Q3 2020 business developments include the following operating and financial results of the AGM on a 100% basis (unless otherwise stated).

COVID-19 Update

The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, rapid testing and isolation of affected persons. The AGM recently procured a polymerase chain reaction ("PCR") testing machine capable of processing up to 40 samples per day which is in the process of being certified by the Ghana health authorities. Additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected-to-be-infected individuals, limiting on-site cross contamination and expediting return to work timelines. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM's operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing a two-week regulatory isolation. The Company's offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and open with restrictions and protocols in place. The Company's Johannesburg office remains closed, and staff are working remotely.

The AGM has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.

Operating highlights of the AGM (on a 100% basis)

  • There were no lost-time injuries ("LTI") and two total recordable injuries ("TRI") reported during the quarter. LTI frequency rate ("LTIFR") and TRI frequency rate ("TRIFR") per million employee hours worked were nil and 0.72, respectively, for the quarter.
  • Quarterly gold production of 48,974 ounces. Lower production (relative to H1 2020) was a result of lower head grade driven by the planned shift in ore sources to the Akwasiso and Esaase pits, as the higher-grade Nkran deposit completed its second phase of mining in Q2 2020. The AGM also placed higher reliance on lower grade stockpiles to augment primary feed as the Esaase and Akwasiso deposits were developed for sustainable ore production.
  • Ore mined during Q3 2020 totaled 1.0Mt, at an average mined grade of 1.4 grams per tonne ("g/t") and a total strip ratio of 11.8:1.  The increase in strip ratio from Q2 2020 was due to waste mining at Esaase and Akwasiso .
  • Completed a 33-hole drilling program at the Nkran pit to confirm and improve confidence in the Mineral Reserve estimate for the third phase of mining and tested the extent of mineralization below the proposed Cut 3 pit shell with positive results (see "3.4 Development and exploration update**"**).
  • The processing plant continued to operate above design with a quarterly milling performance of 1.5Mt (annualized 6Mt per annum), at an average plant feed grade of 1.1 g/t.
  • Gold recovery of 93% continued to exceed design despite lower feed grade during the quarter.
  • The AGM incurred operating cash costs per ounce^2^of $1,150, total cash costs per ounce^2^ of $1,244 and all-in sustaining cost^2^ ("AISC") of $1,488 per ounce in Q3 2020. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^2^ from Q2 2020 was primarily due to higher waste stripping at the Esaase and Akwasiso pits.  AISC^2^ were also relatively higher than Q2 2020 due to higher royalty costs associated with an increase in the gold price, as well as higher general and administration ("G&A") costs associated with one-off COVID-19 related expenses and the completion of a lift on the tailings storage facility. All unit cost metrics were also impacted by relatively lower gold sales volumes in Q3 2020 which had the effect of increasing costs on a per ounce basis.
  • Year to date, the company has produced 184,333 ounces of gold and maintains full year production guidance of 225,000 and 245,000 ounces while AISC^2^ year to date averaged $1,094 per ounce.  Full year AISC^2^ is expected to slightly exceed the guidance range of $1,000 to $1,100 per ounce, as certain factors continue to put pressure on cost performance. These factors include higher royalty expense associated with the positive gold price environment, as well as costs associated with the JV’s COVID-19 measures.

^_____________________________________2^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Financial highlights of the AGM (on a 100% basis)

The following financial information includes the operating and financial results of the AGM on a 100% basis (unless otherwise stated).

  • Q3 2020 gold sales of 53,975 ounces generated $100.5 million of gold sales proceeds at an average realized gold price of $1,861 per ounce, an increase of $9.4 million from Q3 2019. Revenue for Q3 2020 amounted to $100.7 million and included by-product sales of $0.3 million.
  • Total cost of sales (including depreciation and depletion and royalties) amounted to $83.3 million in Q3 2020, an increase of $3.4 million from Q3 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily due to higher operating cash costs (refer to discussion in section 3.1(e)) and royalty expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019.  These factors were partly offset by a decrease in gold ounces sold in Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019 and a reduction in depreciation and depletion expense.
  • Income from mine operations amounted to $17.4 million in Q3 2020, compared to $11.2 million in Q3 2019 primarily due to an improvement in realized gold prices.
  • The JV's income from operations amounted to $12.4 million for the quarter, compared to $6.6 million in Q3 2019. The improvement in income from operations was primarily due to an increase in mine operating income.
  • Net income after tax for the quarter totaled $12.4 million compared to $5.1 million in Q3 2019. The improvement in net income was due to the above-mentioned increase in income from operations and the fact that during Q3 2019 the AGM recognized a $3.1 million mark-to-market loss on gold hedging instruments partially offset by a deferred tax recovery of $1.8 million.
  • The AGM reported Adjusted EBITDA^2^ of $24.3 million in Q3 2020 compared to $25.7 million in Q3 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA^2^ was primarily driven by higher production costs, partially offset by an increase in realized gold prices during the current period.
  • The AGM generated $18.5 million of cash flows from operating activities (after taking into account unfavorable working capital changes of $9.9 million) and negative free cash flow^2^ of $4.2 million during Q3 2020. This compares to $45.6 million of cash flows from operating activities and $13.9 million of free cash flow^2^ during Q3 2019. The reduction in free cash flow^2^ was the result of a $25.3 million unfavorable increase in cash invested in non-cash working capital when comparing Q3 2020 to Q3 2019 and a $3.7 million decrease in income from operations (excluding depreciation and depletion). These factors were partly offset by a $7.7 million decrease in cash flows associated with capital expenditure from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 and a $1.3 million reduction in mining services and contractor lease payments.
  • As at September 30, 2020, the JV had cash on hand of $43.3 million, $16.3 million in receivables from gold sales and $4.3 million in gold on hand, with a revolving credit facility ("RCF") of $30.0 million from the Rand Merchant Bank ("RMB") fully drawn.

Key consolidated financial information of the Company

The following financial information comprises the consolidated results of the Company for Q3 2020:

  • The Company reported net income after tax of $3.2 million in Q3 2020 compared to a net loss of $147.5 million in Q3 2019. The improvement in earnings during Q3 2020 was predominantly due to the fact that the Q3 2019 net loss included a $128.3 million impairment recognized on the Company's equity investment in the AGM JV, as well as a $20.0 million negative fair value adjustment on the Company's redeemable preference shares, both of which were associated with the update to the AGM Life of Mine ("LOM") plan.  Additionally, the improvement in earnings in Q3 2020 was also partly due to an increase in the Company's 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV which totaled $5.6 million for the quarter. These factors were partly offset by restructuring costs recorded in Q3 2020 associated with the intended closure of the Company's Johannesburg office (see "Management changes").
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
  • Adjusted EBITDA^2^ for Q3 2020 amounted to $6.5 million, compared to $9.4 million in Q3 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA^2^ was primarily a result of an increase in the AGM's total cash costs^1^ and increase in corporate G&A expense associated with the intended closure of the Company's Johannesburg office.
  • Cash used in operating activities in Q3 2020 was $3.0 million, compared to $3.5 million in Q3 2019. The decrease in cash used in operations was due to a reduction in the amount of cash invested in working capital during Q3 2020, partly offset by higher corporate G&A expense.
  • The Company continues to maintain a strong balance sheet with cash on hand of $63.5 million and $2.9 million in receivables, while the Company remains debt-free.
  • The Company published its 2019 Sustainability Report on July 17, 2020.

Management Changes

On August 17, 2020, the Company announced that Mr. Matt Badylak had been appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer.  Mr. Badylak is based in the Company's head office in Vancouver. Following the appointment of Mr. Badylak, the Company initiated a process whereby the majority of the Company's technical services will be systematically migrated from the Company's Johannesburg office to Vancouver. As part of the process, the Company appointed Mr. Eric Chen as Vice President, Mineral Resources and Ms. Victoria Bleppony as Vice President, Mining during the quarter. Once this migration is complete, the role of Senior Vice President, Technical Services is expected to be made redundant.

Directors Compensation

The Company has agreed in principle to the grant of 1,000,000 cash-settled phantom share units to Mr. Paul Wright as Chairman of the Board. The units will vest three years from the grant date, but will only become payable upon Mr. Wright’s departure from the Board or upon a change of control of the Company, in an amount equal to the value of 1,000,000 common shares as at Mr. Wright’s departure date or date of change of control.

3. Results of the AGM

All results of the AGM in this section are on a 100% basis, unless otherwise noted. The Company's attributable economic interest in the AGM is 45%.

3.1 Operating performance

The following table and subsequent discussion provide a summary of the operating performance of the AGM (on a 100% basis) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, unless otherwise noted.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- ---
2020 2019 2020 2019
Key mine performance data of the AGM (100% basis)
Ore tonnes mined (000 t) 958 1,105 4,229 3,666
Waste tonnes mined (000 t) 11,321 6,372 26,499 20,763
Total tonnes mined (000 t) 12,279 7,477 30,728 24,429
Strip ratio (W:O) 11.8 5.8 6.3 5.7
Average gold grade mined (g/t) 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5
Mining cost ($/t mined)^3^ 3.13 4.48 3.49 4.63
Ore tonnes milled (000 t) 1,467 1,439 4,505 4,037
Average mill head grade (g/t) 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.5
Average recovery rate (%) 93% 94% 94% 94%
Processing cost ($/t treated) 10.80 10.42 10.53 10.94
Gold produced (ounces) 48,974 62,440 184,333 184,932
Gold sold (ounces) 53,975 63,009 183,152 182,767
Silver produced (ounces) 10,166 11,248 36,487 33,042
Silver sold (ounces) 10,217 12,440 36,151 37,415
Operating cash costs ($ per gold ounce)^2^ 1,150 799 804 772
Total cash costs ($ per gold ounce)^2^ 1,244 872 887 839
All-in sustaining costs ($ per gold ounce)^2^ 1,488 1,179 1,094 1,163

^3^ For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, mining cost per tonne excluded a provision for a one-time contract termination fee.

a) Health and Safety

There were no LTIs and two TRIs reported during the quarter. The AGM's LTIFR and TRIFR for the three months ended September 30, 2020 amounted to nil and 0.72 per million employee hours worked, respectively.

b) Community Engagement and Environment

The JV supports a number of socio-economic development programs in its stakeholder communities. Current efforts in 2020 have seen the completion of training and the development of an operational manual for the Board of Trustees overseeing a local foundation which will complement existing community investment programs. In addition, a needs assessment and project solicitation process has been conducted in the JV's stakeholder communities, identifying needs related to a community center, electrical supply and  teachers' quarters. The JV also supported the development of a new hospital at Esaase which was recently completed. Collaboration is underway with an international non-profit organization to support the supply of hospital beds and equipment, while a donation of medicines and supplies is underway through a continued partnership with Health Partners International of Canada and a list of needs from the various beneficiary local medical facilities has been organized. As the COVID-19 situation in the stakeholder communities continues to evolve, the Company has undertaken a proactive approach to support these communities. This includes working closely with the regional health care providers and donating hygiene and personal protective equipment for 22 senior and junior high schools. This is being done to help prevent the spread of the virus for those students attending classes so they can complete their respective academic activities for the year.

The Company has various feedback mechanisms in place at the AGM and the stakeholder communities which enable the JV's workforce, local residents, other groups and individuals to come forward to raise issues of concern. These concerns are then fully investigated by the JV and subsequently addressed. The grievance mechanism process at the AGM is aligned with the International Finance Corporation Performance Standards 1, United Nations Guiding Principles effectiveness criteria, as well as with Ghanaian regulations.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The Company has completed training at the AGM for its private security forces as well as nearby public security forces in the Voluntary Principles for Security & Human Rights.

The AGM became a signatory to the International Cyanide Management Code for the Manufacture, Transport and Use of Cyanide in the Production of Gold during Q2 2020 and expects to undertake an external certification audit in 2021. The JV has commenced its community plastic recycling program and waste segregation on-site has commenced. An Environmental Protection Agency-licensed plastic waste recycling company has been selected to coordinate pick-ups at the AGM and stakeholder communities. A greenhouse gas baseline audit was completed earlier this year, allowing the JV to continuously strive to improve energy efficiency at the AGM.

The Company published its 2019 annual sustainability report on July 17, 2020. This report summarized the JV's performance highlights in the areas of health and safety, environmental stewardship, climate change adaptation, governance, human rights, contributing to community, our people, and stakeholder engagement. The report outlines the JV's sustainability goals at the AGM for 2020, some of which may be impacted by COVID-19. The report is available on the Company's website at www.galianogold.com and has also been distributed electronically to local and national stakeholders in Ghana.

c) Mining

During the quarter, the AGM sourced ore from the Akwasiso and Esaase Main and South pits, as well as run-of-mine ("ROM") stockpiles. In Q3 2020, the Esaase pits collectively delivered 0.5Mt of ore at a gold grade of 1.4g/t and a strip ratio of 14.8:1 while operations progressed waste mining of Cut 2 at Esaase Main.

Operations on Cut 2 at Akwasiso continued during the quarter with mining activities focused on waste stripping (a total of 3.3Mt waste tonnes mined). Akwasiso contributed 0.4Mt of ore during the quarter at a gold grade of 1.3g/t.

Going forward, until the development of alternative ore sources, the mine will source ore primarily from Esaase and Akwasiso, while mill feed will be augmented, where necessary, with run-of-mine stockpile material.

Mining cost per tonne for Q3 2020 was $3.13 compared to $4.48 during Q3 2019, a decrease of 30%. The lower mining cost per tonne in Q3 2020 was predominantly due to volume differences as higher total tonnes mined during Q3 2020 which had the effect of decreasing fixed mining cost on a per unit basis. As well, a higher proportion of mined tonnes were sourced from Esaase (as opposed to Nkran in Q3 2019), which attracts a lower relative unit cost. The lower mining cost per tonne in Q3 2020 was also due to a reduction in fuel and other supply surcharges from mining contractors.  These factors were offset by an increase in grade control drilling costs in Q3 2020.

At Esaase, intensive grade control drilling was complemented by rigorous pit mapping, drill hole relogging and reprocessing of previous geophysical data in an effort to derive a more nuanced appreciation of the geological controls on mineralization and to better define the higher grade variability observed in the areas mined during the quarter. In Q3 2020, the AGM continued to advance a study to refine the structural, geological and mineralization models for Esaase. In addition, investigations are underway to examine the modeling methodologies and most appropriate data density required to further understand the grade distribution within the Esaase deposit. This work will continue in Q4 2020 and H1 2021 with the goal to improve reconciliation between the Mineral Resource Estimate and the grade control model.

d) Processing

The AGM produced 48,974 ounces of gold during Q3 2020, as the processing plant achieved milling throughput of 1.5Mt ore processed at a grade of 1.1g/t and metallurgical recovery averaging 93%. Mill feed grades were lower in Q3 2020 compared to prior quarters due to the focus on progressing waste mining at Akwasiso and Esaase, resulting in lower ore yield and more reliance on lower grade stockpiled ore.

Processing cost per tonne for Q3 2020 was $10.80 compared to $10.42 during Q3 2019, an increase of 4%. The marginal increase in processing cost per tonne from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 was primarily due to higher maintenance costs and consumables consumption (including replacement of conveyor belt liner). These factors were partly offset by rate reductions provided by the Government of Ghana on electricity rates in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced the AGM's per unit power costs for the quarter.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

e) Total cash costs and AISC (for the AGM on a 100% basis)

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, total cash costs per ounce^2^ was $1,244/oz, compared to total cash costs per ounce during the three months ended September 30, 2019 of $872/oz. Total cash costs were higher in Q3 2020 relative to Q3 2019 primarily due to higher production costs arising from an increase in waste tonnes mined (resulting in higher load and haul costs), the impact of lower gold sales volumes which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis and an increase in ore transportation costs associated with trucking ore from Esaase to the process plant ($22/oz increase for the quarter). In addition, total cash cost per ounce^2^ was impacted by a negative NRV adjustment to stockpile inventory in Q3 2020, the cash cost component of which represented an increase in production costs of $5.9 million, compared to an NRV adjustment in Q3 2019 where $1.9 million was recorded to production costs.  Total cash costs per ounce^2^ was also impacted by a higher royalty expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019.

Relative to Q2 2020, total cash costs per ounce^2^ were higher in Q3 2020, increasing by 54% from $807/oz to $1,244/oz. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^2^ from Q2 2020 was primarily due to higher production costs arising from a 29% increase in total tonnes mined and the impact of lower gold sales volumes which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis. Additionally, as mentioned above, an NRV adjustment on stockpiled inventory in Q3 2020 resulted in an increase to production costs of $5.9 million, whereas in Q2 2020 the AGM recognized a $1.2 million NRV adjustment (net $87/oz increase). These factors were partly offset by incremental cash costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic incurred in Q2 2020 relating to overtime pay and pay in lieu of leave and increased cost transporting doré to the JV's primary refiner in South Africa during a time that Ghana restricted cross-border commercial travel.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, AlSC^2^ for the AGM amounted to $1,488/oz and $1,094/oz, respectively, compared to AISC^2^ of $1,179/oz and $1,163/oz for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. The increase in AlSC^2^ from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 was predominantly due to a $372/oz increase in total cash costs as discussed above and a $54/oz increase in sustaining capital expenditures (relating to raising the height of the tailings storage facility). Also, the impact of lower gold sales volumes in Q3 2020 had the effect of increasing fixed costs on a per unit basis. These factors were partly offset by a $100/oz decrease in sustaining capitalized stripping costs (Q3 2019 included stripping costs associated with the western portion of the Cut 2 pushback at Nkran) and a $18/oz decrease in lease payments made to the AGM's services and mining contractors.

Relative to Q2 2020, AlSC^2^ for Q3 2020 increased from $1,067/oz to $1,488/oz, an increase of 39%. Total cash costs per ounce^2^ were $436/oz higher in Q3 2020, while the AGM's G&A expense increased by $13/oz and capitalized stripping costs increased by $12/oz in Q3 2020 due to the advancement of waste mining activities on Cut 2 at the Akwasiso and Esaase Main pits. AISC^2^ was also negatively impacted by lower gold sales volumes in Q3 2020 which had the effect of increasing fixed costs on a per unit basis. Partly offsetting these factors was a $49/oz decrease in sustaining capital expenditures in Q3 2020 as the majority of the capital expenditure to raise the height of the AGM's tailings storage facility was incurred in Q2 2020.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM incurred non-sustaining capital and exploration expenditures of $14.7 million and $34.4 million, respectively, compared to $7.7 million and $17.2 million during the comparative periods in 2019, respectively. Non-sustaining expenditures during Q3 2020 were comprised primarily of $2.6 million of exploration expense associated with the AGM's drilling program (refer to section 3.4 "Development and exploration update") and mineral rights fee accruals, as well as $12.1 million of development capital, which included costs associated with the resettlement of the Tetrem village near Esaase.

3.2 Selected financial results of the AGM

The following tables present excerpts of the financial results of the JV for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. These results are presented on a 100% basis. For a complete income statement of the JV, refer to note 6 of the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

^_____________________________________^^2^^^See "8. Non-GAAP measures"

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)
Revenue 100,713 91,164 307,026 243,894
Cost of sales:
Production costs (63,454 (50,721 (149,514 (146,652
Depreciation and depletion (14,803 (24,665 (40,486 (64,840
Royalties (5,035 (4,559 (15,351 (12,306
Income from mine operations 17,421 11,219 101,675 20,096
Exploration and evaluation expenditures (2,630 (2,438 (6,435 (3,873
Finance expense (890 (3,913 (2,112 (7,810
Net income before tax for the period 12,426 3,273 89,972 4,615
Income tax recovery - 1,823 - -
Net income after tax for the period 12,426 5,096 89,972 4,615
Average realized price per gold ounce sold ($) 1,861 1,443 1,673 1,343
Average London PM fix ($) 1,909 1,472 1,735 1,364
All-in sustaining costs ($ per gold ounce)^2^ 1,488 1,179 1,094 1,163
All-in sustaining margin ($ per gold ounce)^2^ 373 264 579 180
All-in sustaining margin ($'000)^2^ 20,133 16,634 106,045 32,898

All values are in US Dollars.

Revenue

During Q3 2020, the AGM sold 53,975 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,861/oz for total revenue of $100.7 million (including $0.3 million of by-product revenue). During Q3 2019, the AGM sold 63,009 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,443/oz for total revenue of $91.2 million (including $0.2 million of by-product revenue). The increase in revenues quarter-on-quarter was therefore a function of the 29% improvement in average realized gold prices, partly offset by a 14% decrease in sales volumes in Q3 2020.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM sold 183,152 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,673/oz for total revenue of $307.0 million (including $0.7 million of by-product revenue). In the comparative period of 2019, the AGM sold 182,767 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,343/oz for total revenue of $243.9 million (including $0.6 million of by-product revenue and presented net of $2.2 million of gold sales related to pre-production activities at Esaase that were capitalized to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E")). The increase in revenues during 2020 was therefore a function of a 25% improvement in average realized gold prices.

The AGM continues to sell all the gold it produces to Red Kite under an offtake agreement. The terms of the offtake agreement require the AGM to sell 100% of its gold production up to a maximum of 2.2 million ounces to Red Kite. As of September 30, 2020, 1,022,525 ounces have been delivered to Red Kite under the offtake agreement (December 31, 2019 - 839,373 ounces).

^______________________________________2^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Production costs and royalties

During Q3 2020, the AGM incurred production costs of $63.5 million, compared to $50.7 million in Q3 2019. Production costs were higher in Q3 2020 due to higher operating cash costs per ounce^2^, which included an NRV adjustment to stockpile inventory which resulted in $5.9 million being charged to production costs; whereas, in Q3 2019, $1.9 million was recorded to production costs relating to NRV adjustments on stockpile inventory. This was partly offset by lower sales volumes in Q3 2020.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM incurred production costs of $149.5 million, compared to $146.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Production costs in 2020 were marginally higher than 2019 due to higher operating cash costs per ounce^2^ resulting from an increase in total tonnes mined and higher labour and doré transportation costs due to COVID-19. Firstly, labour costs increased as the AGM requested employees to stay on-site for the majority of Q2 2020 in an attempt to prevent the spread of COVID-19 through restricted travel, resulting in an increase in overtime pay and pay in lieu of leave. Secondly, the AGM incurred increased costs transporting its bullion to the JV's primary refiner in South Africa during a time that Ghana restricted cross-border commercial travel. These factors were partly offset by the recording of a one-time $3.7 million gain in Q2 2020 on the derecognition of a mining contractor services lease agreement and a reversal of previously recorded net realizable value adjustments on stockpile inventory, of which $6.3 million was credited to production costs.  In the comparative period of 2019, a downward net realizable value adjustment on stockpile inventory was recorded, of which $8.6 million was recorded as production costs.

Production costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were reported net of stripping costs of $8.7 million and $14.3 million (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $10.3 million and $33.7 million, respectively). Stripping costs are deferred to mineral properties in accordance with the AGM's accounting policy for stripping costs. To the extent that excess waste is mined during the period in an identified component of the mine, as compared to the expected waste (based on the component-specific stripping ratio), a portion of costs are deferred to mineral properties.

The Ghanaian government charges a 5% royalty on revenues earned through sales of minerals from the AGM concessions. The AGM's Akwasiso mining concession is also subject to a 2% net smelter return royalty payable to the previous owner of the mineral tenement; additionally, the AGM's Esaase concession is also subject to a 0.5% net smelter return royalty payable to the Bonte Liquidation Committee. Royalties are presented as a component of cost of sales and amounted to $5.0 million and $15.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $4.6 million and $12.3 million, respectively). Royalty expense was higher in 2020 due to higher earned revenues.

Depletion and depreciation

Depreciation and depletion expense for Q3 2020 amounted to $14.8 million (including $1.9 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping cost) as a result of 1.0Mt of ore mined during the quarter, including $5.7 million of depreciation that was previously capitalized to the cost of stockpiled inventories but expensed during the period as the AGM drew down on its stockpiles. This compares to depreciation and depletion of $25.0 million for Q3 2019 (which included $8.4 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping costs) when 1.1Mt of ore was mined during the comparative period, of which $0.3 million allocated to the cost of inventories during the period. Depreciation and depletion expense decreased from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 due to the recording of a $289.6 million impairment as at December 31, 2019 (associated with the AGM's Life of Mine plan update), of which $260.4 million was allocated to MPP&E and had the effect of reducing the depreciable asset cost base.  Additionally, the 13% decrease in ore tonnes mined from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 resulted in lower depreciation. This was partly offset by a reduction in the global gold mineral reserves of the AGM (associated with the 2020 LOM Plan), resulting in a decrease in the total gold mineral reserves over which the MPP&E asset cost base is depreciated.

Depreciation and depletion expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 amounted to $40.5 million, including $16.8 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping cost, as a result of 4.2Mt of ore mined during the period, including $0.5 million of depreciation that was previously capitalized to the cost of stockpiled inventories but expensed during the period as the AGM drew down on its stockpiles. This compares to depreciation and depletion of $68.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (which included $22.9 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping costs) when 3.7Mt of ore was mined during the comparative period, of which $3.6 million of depreciation expense was allocated to the cost of inventories during the period.  The decrease in depreciation expense from 2019 to 2020 was primarily due to the recording of a $289.6 million impairment as at December 31, 2019, partly offset by a reduction in the global gold mineral reserves of the AGM (as discussed above) and a 15% increase in ore tonnes mined from 2019 to 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Exploration and evaluation expenditures

During Q3 2020, the AGM incurred exploration expenditure of $8.3 million, $2.6 million of which was expensed through the P&L as exploration and evaluation ("E&E") expenditures, compared to $2.4 million of E&E expenditures expensed in Q3 2019.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM incurred exploration expenditures of $14.6 million, $6.4 million of which was expensed as E&E expenditures, compared to $3.9 million expensed in the comparative period of 2019.

The increase in E&E expenditures for both periods was primarily related to drilling programs in line with the Company's exploration strategy and expanded exploration program (see 3.4 "Development and exploration update").

Finance expense

The following is a summary of finance expenses incurred by the AGM JV during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands of US dollars) 2020 2019 2020 2019
Realized and unrealized losses on gold hedging <br>   instruments - (3,099 ) - (5,614 )
Interest on lease liabilities (149 ) (592 ) (636 ) (1,510 )
Accretion charges on asset retirement provisions (126 ) (201 ) (376 ) (631 )
Interest and fees associated with revolving credit <br>   facility (408 ) - (841 ) -
Other (207 ) (21 ) (259 ) (55 )
Total finance expense (890 ) (3,913 ) (2,112 ) (7,810 )

Finance expense in Q3 2020 decreased by $3.0 million compared to Q3 2019 as Q3 2019 included a $3.1 million mark-to-market loss on gold hedging instruments. There was also a decrease in interest expense on IFRS 16 mining contractor lease liabilities due to a reduction in the number of leases outstanding and unwinding of interest over the lease term ($0.4 million decrease). This was partly offset by $0.4 million of interest expense and other fees associated with the AGM's $30.0 million RCF that was fully drawn at the end of Q1 2020.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, finance expense decreased by $5.7 million compared to the comparative period in 2019.  The reduction in finance expense was primarily due to the fact that the 2019 period included a $5.6 million mark-to-market loss on gold hedging instruments. Interest expense on lease liabilities also reduced by $0.5 million for the reasons mentioned above. This was partly offset by a $0.8 million increase in interest expense and other fees associated with the AGM's RCF.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

3.3 Cash flow results of the AGM

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the AGM on a 100% basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
AGM 100% Basis (in thousands of US dollars) 2020 2019 2020 2019
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating cash flows before working capital <br>      changes 28,422 30,177 129,209 75,977
Operating activities 18,526 45,570 104,325 74,935
Investing activities (18,972 ) (26,655 ) (46,854 ) (50,430 )
Financing activities (4,156 ) (5,051 ) (57,878 ) (9,406 )
Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash <br>   equivalents 60 22 (62 ) (179 )
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents <br>   during the period (4,542 ) 13,886 (469 ) 14,920
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, <br>   beginning of period 47,831 22,682 43,758 21,648
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted    cash, end of period 43,289 36,568 43,289 36,568

Cash flows from operating activities

During Q3 2020, the AGM generated cash flows from operations of $18.5 million, comprising cash inflows before working capital changes of $28.4 million and outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $9.9 million. Cash outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $9.9 million were primarily the result of a $18.4 million increase in trade and VAT receivables and $0.8 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. These factors were partly offset by a $4.9 million decrease in inventories as ore stockpiles were used to augment mill feed during the quarter and $4.5 million decrease in prepaid expenses and deposits.

The decrease in operating cash flows in Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019 was primarily a result of an unfavorable increase in cash invested in non-cash working capital (due to timing of collection of gold sales) and lower mine operating earnings (excluding depreciation expense).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM generated cash flows from operations of $104.3 million, comprising cash flows before working capital changes of $129.2 million and outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $24.9 million. Cash outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $24.9 million were primarily the result of an $18.0 million increase in inventories, an $8.6 million increase in trade and VAT receivables, and a $3.5 million increase in prepaid expenses and deposits (partly associated with securing supplies of the JV's critical consumables in response to COVID-19). These factors were partly offset by a $5.2 million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

The increase in operating cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily a result of higher mine operating earnings (excluding depreciation expense), which was partly offset by cash absorbed in inventories and prepaid expenses (partly associated with securing supplies of the JV's critical consumables in response to COVID-19).  The increase in trade receivables was due to timing of collection of gold sales.

Cash used in investing activities

During Q3 2020, the AGM invested $19.0 million in additions to MPP&E. The total cash expenditure on MPP&E during the quarter included $3.4 million relating to the capitalization of deferred stripping costs ($8.7 million in deferred stripping additions less a $5.3 million increase in payables associated with stripping costs), $3.6 million in sustaining capital, $8.9 million in development capital and $3.1 million in property acquisition costs and exploration costs relating to tenements with defined mineral reserves. Sustaining capital related primarily to raising the height of the tailings storage facility, while development capital related primarily to the Tetrem village relocation adjacent to the Esaase deposit.

The decrease in cash flows invested in MPP&E from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 was primarily due to lower capitalized stripping costs ($17.0 million decrease) as Q3 2019 included capitalized stripping costs associated with Nkran Cut 2 pushback, and lower sustaining capital ($2.4 million decrease). These factors were partly offset by higher development capital related to the Tetrem village relocation ($3.7 million increase) and the exploration drill programs at the AGM's brownfield exploration targets.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the AGM invested $47.1 million in additions to MPP&E. The total cash expenditure on MPP&E during the quarter included $7.5 million relating to the capitalization of deferred stripping costs ($14.3 million in deferred stripping additions less a $6.8 million increase in payables relating to stripping costs), $11.5 million in sustaining capital, $22.6 million in development capital and $5.5 million in property acquisition costs and exploration costs relating to tenements with defined mineral reserves (Nkran, Abore, Adubiaso and Akwasiso). Sustaining capital related primarily to raising the height of the tailings storage facility, while development capital related primarily to the Tetrem village relocation near Esaase.

The decrease in cash flows invested in MPP&E for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to lower capitalized stripping costs ($24.9 million decrease) as the western portion of the Cut 2 pushback at Nkran began in Q1 2019 (and completed in Q4 2019). This was partly offset by higher development capital related to the Tetrem village relocation ($9.2 million increase), higher sustaining capital expenditures relating to raising the height of the tailings storage facility ($6.6 million increase) and exploration drill programs on Nkran, Abore, Adubiaso and Akwasiso.

Cash used in financing activities

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, $4.2 million of cash used in financing activities related primarily to lease payments of $3.7 million on the JV's services and mining contractor lease agreements.  Additionally, $0.4 million of interest and fees was paid on the RCF during Q3 2020.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, $57.9 million of cash used in financing activities related primarily to distributions totaling $75.0 million to the JV partners ($22.5 million distributed in Q1 2020 and $15.0 million distributed in Q2 2020 to each JV partner), which was partly offset by the utilization of the $30.0 million RCF in Q1 2020.

During the first quarter of 2020, the joint venture undertook the proactive step to drawdown the RCF in light of the current economic uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. While the JV's healthy liquidity position did not necessitate the utilization of the credit facility, the Company determined that this was a prudent step to further strengthen the robust financial position during these uncertain times. The JV expects to repay the RCF in full within twelve months of the balance sheet date. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, financing activities included cash outflows of $0.8 million relating to the payment of interest and standby fees on the RCF.

Financing activities also included $12.1 million in cash outflows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 relating to the JV's services and mining contractors which are required to be presented within financing activities as principal and interest payments associated with leases contained within the JV's service and lease agreements. Note that as of September 30, 2020, there were $2.9 million in payables relating to the JV's aforementioned lease agreements (December 31, 2019 - $3.7 million).

The decrease in cash flows used in financing activities from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 related to a reduction in lease payments resulting from fewer outstanding lease agreements.

The increase in cash flows used in financing activities for the first nine months of 2019 compared to 2020 related to the preferred share distributions to the JV partners totaling $75.0 million, partly offset by the $30.0 million drawdown on the JV's debt facility.

Liquidity position

As at September 30, 2020, the JV held cash and cash equivalents of $43.3 million, $16.3 million in receivables from gold sales and $4.3 million in gold on hand. This compares to December 31, 2019 when the JV held $43.8 million in cash and cash equivalents ($3.0 million of which was restricted in favour of a gold hedging counterparty and released on January 3, 2020), $9.1 million in receivables from gold sales and $2.8 million in gold on hand.

In October 2019, the JV entered into a $30.0 million RCF with RMB. The term of the RCF is three years, maturing in September 2022 and bears interest on a sliding scale of between LIBOR plus a margin of 4% and LIBOR plus a margin of 3.8%, depending on security granted to RMB. Commitment fees in respect of the undrawn portion of the RCF are on a similar sliding scale of between 1.40% and 1.33%.  As at September 30, 2020, the balance drawn under the RCF was $30.0 million (December 31, 2019 - $nil). The JV expects to repay the RCF in full within twelve months of the balance sheet date.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The Company does not control the funds of the JV. The liquidity of the Company is further discussed in section "7. Liquidity and capital resources."

3.4 Development and exploration update

The following discussion relates to the AGM's current and planned development activities (on a 100% basis), as well as the exploration work performed during the period on tenements held within the JV's land package.

a) Development of the Esaase Deposit

Mining activities at Esaase expanded to include night shift operations in April 2020. Esaase material is being trucked to the processing plant at Obotan using 30-tonne road trucks. Esaase ore currently makes up approximately 50% of the mill feed.

During the quarter, work associated with the resettlement of the Tetrem village continued and the relocation project is expected to be handed over to the community during Q4 2020 and completed in Q1 2021.

b) Production Geology

Grade control drilling for the Akwasiso pit in Q3 2020 recorded a total of 8,570m from 411 holes using reverse circulation ("RC") rigs yielding 5,849 samples for analysis.

For the Esaase operation, grade control drilling focused on the South and Main Pits and included 58,111m from 2,543 holes yielding 49,063 samples for analysis. The grade control drilling was complemented by rigorous in-pit mapping.

c) Exploration

The JV holds a district-scale land package of 21,300 hectares on the Asankragwa Gold Belt. During Q2 2020, Galiano announced the exploration strategy for the JV that was developed in collaboration with the JV partner. The three main focus objectives are:

i) Near term - to replace depletion from mining activity in 2020 and 2021.

ii) Medium term - to improve the business plan for 2023 to 2026 by delineating Mineral Reserves by the end of 2022 that have superior overall economics to Cut 3 at Nkran.

iii) To advance exploration targets with +1 million ounce potential to be in production to replace Esaase.

The following exploration programs were undertaken during the quarter to evaluate the current and potential expanded mineralization of each project to improve the mineral resource estimate and to assess the broader potential of each project.

  • Abore - located 13km north of the processing plant along the Esaase haul road.  Current resources are planned for mining in 2021.  Drill holes were designed to upgrade existing resources and extensions to the ore body to the north and south.  The JV drilled 5,663 meters of RC drilling and diamond drilling ("DD") during Q2 2020 (refer to the Company's news release dated July 6, 2020) and reported the following drilling highlights:

    • Hole 029: 28 meters @ 4.9 g/t gold (from 75m to 103m)
    • Hole 024: 6 meters @ 24.3 g/t gold (from 70m to 76m)
    • Hole 018: 3 meters @ 11.3 g/t gold (from 48m to 51m)
    • Hole 005: 9 meters @ 3.6 g/t gold (from 106m to 115m)
    • Hole 013: 16 meters @ 1.9 g/t gold (from 84m to 100m)

The Q2 2020 drill program (3,315 meters of RC drilling and 2,347 meters of DD over 32 holes) appears to have successfully provided infill drilling in the main pit area, targeting an upgrade to Inferred Mineral Resources and improved confidence in Indicated Mineral Resources. In addition, hole 024 delineated an extension of the mineralization to the north end of the main pit with 6 meters at 24.3 g/t gold intercepted and hole 029 also defined an extension of the mineralization in the north pit with 28 meters at 4.9 g/t gold intercepted. Mineralization is open along strike to the north-east of the north pit and a follow up drill program is currently underway.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
  • Nkran Cut 3 - The Nkran pit is located immediately adjacent to the 5.4Mtpa processing plant and has been the main source of ore at the AGM since commercial production commenced in 2016. Cut 2 of the open pit operations was depleted at the end of Q2 2020 and in-pit drilling commenced in early July. The JV completed a 33-hole in-pit drilling program during Q3 2020. The program was designed to both confirm and improve confidence in the Mineral Reserve Estimate for the third phase of mining at Nkran as well as test the extent of mineralization below the proposed Cut 3 pit shell. In total, 4,591 meters of RC and DD were completed with key intercepts noted below.

A second drill program consisting of 26 RC drill holes was initiated and completed in Q3 2020. Drilling was designed to test for mineralization in push-back zones, if any, for the proposed Cut 3 waste material, with a potential to improve cash flows during a period of heavy capital investment in the stripping of Cut 3. Mining of Cut 3 is contemplated to start in late 2022.

In addition, a geotechnical drilling and engineering campaign has been initiated targeting the proposed new west wall location for Cut 3. Upon completion of the current drilling and geotechnical work, it is expected that the design of Cut 3 will be finalized and a definitive mine plan and capital cost estimate completed in early 2021.

Highlights of the drilling results for the Nkran in-pit program include:

  • Drilling highlights:

    • Hole 012: 79 meters @ 4.7 g/t gold (from 1m to 80m) and 80 meters @ 3.9 g/t gold (from 84m to 164m)
    • Hole 021: 43 meters @ 3.3 g/t gold (from 1m to 44m)
    • Hole 022: 44 meters @ 3.2 g/t gold (from 14m to 58m)
    • Hole 023: 62 meters @ 6.1 g/t gold (from 65m to 127m)
    • Hole 025: 30 meters @ 21.5 g/t gold (from 128m to 158m)
    • Hole 026: 27 meters @ 4.9 g/t gold (from 137m to 164m)
    • Hole 028: 27 meters @ 3.7 g/t gold (from 93m to 120m)
  • Improved confidence in estimated Indicated Mineral Resources for Cut 3 mine planning.

  • Identification of mineralization continuing below the currently planned Cut 3.

Key intercepts in Current Nkran Drill Holes

Hole_ID From (m) To (m) Grade<br><br> <br>(g/t Au) Intercept Description
NKRC20-012 1 80 4.7 79m @ 4.7 g/t
NKRC20-012 84 164 3.9 80m @ 3.9 g/t
NKRC20-013 0 2 0.6 2m @ 0.6 g/t
NKRC20-013 35 49 0.6 14m @ 0.6 g/t
NKRC20-014 12 49 1.3 37m @ 1.3 g/t
NKRC20-015 25 28 1.8 3m @ 1.8 g/t
NKRC20-015 34 41 1.8 7m @ 1.8 g/t
NKRC20-015 46 60 1 14m @ 1.0 g/t
NKRC20-016 1 10 0.7 9m @ 0.7 g/t
NKRC20-016 50 62 2.1 12m @ 2.1 g/t
NKRC20-016 66 70 1.3 4m @ 1.3 g/t
NKRC20-016 88 90 0.9 2m @ 0.9 g/t
NKRC20-017 19 23 4.9 4m @ 4.9 g/t
NKRC20-017 32 44 1.4 12m @ 1.4 g/t
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
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NKPC20-018 0 5.86 2.2 5.86m @ 2.2 g/t
--- --- --- --- ---
NKPC20-018 9 20 0.6 11m @ 0.6 g/t
NKPC20-018 40 44.75 6.7 4.75m @ 6.7 g/t
NKPC20-018 50.1 57 1.3 6.9m @ 1.3 g/t
NKPC20-018 81 86 0.8 5m @ 0.8 g/t
NKPC20-018 91.14 97 0.5 5.86m @ 0.5 g/t
NKPC20-018 101 133.15 3.9 32.15m @ 3.9 g/t
NKRC20-019 27 41 1 14m @ 1.0 g/t
NKRC20-019 49 54 0.8 5m @ 0.8 g/t
NKRC20-019 59 63 0.7 4m @ 0.7 g/t
NKRC20-020 3 5 1.5 2m @ 1.5 g/t
NKRC20-021 1 44 3.3 43m @ 3.3 g/t
NKRC20-021 48 51 1.1 3m @ 1.1 g/t
NKRC20-021 62 69 1.2 7m @ 1.2 g/t
NKRC20-022 8 10 2.6 2m @ 2.6 g/t
NKRC20-022 14 58 3.2 44m @ 3.2 g/t
NKRC20-023 1 23 1.5 22m @ 1.5 g/t
NKRC20-023 37 48 1.3 11m @ 1.3 g/t
NKRC20-023 57 61 0.6 4m @ 0.6 g/t
NKRC20-023 65 127 6.1 62m @ 6.1 g/t
NKRC20-023 143 145 1.2 2m @ 1.2 g/t
NKPC20-024 2 18 1.5 16m @ 1.5 g/t
NKPC20-024 60 63 0.5 3m @ 0.5 g/t
NKPC20-024 87.1 97 2 9.9m @ 2.0 g/t
NKPC20-024 103.9 109 1.2 5.1m @ 1.2 g/t
NKPC20-024 117 136 4.2 19m @ 4.2 g/t
NKPC20-024 149 151 3.8 2m @ 3.8 g/t
NKPC20-024 216 219.14 0.9 3.14m @ 0.9 g/t
NKRC20-025 15 22 1.5 7m @ 1.5 g/t
NKRC20-025 71 73 2.4 2m @ 2.4 g/t
NKRC20-025 79 86 2.6 7m @ 2.6 g/t
NKRC20-025 98 102 1.8 4m @ 1.8 g/t
NKRC20-025 128 158 21.5 30m @ 21.5 g/t
NKRC20-026 1 2 0.7 1m @ 0.7 g/t
NKRC20-026 15 36 2.5 21m @ 2.5 g/t
NKRC20-026 40 42 2.4 2m @ 2.4 g/t
NKRC20-026 68 85 1.7 17m @ 1.7 g/t
NKRC20-026 89 99 2.1 10m @ 2.1 g/t
NKRC20-026 114 117 3.1 3m @ 3.1 g/t
NKRC20-026 124 133 2.1 9m @ 2.1 g/t
NKRC20-026 137 164 4.9 27m @ 4.9 g/t
NKRC20-026 179 184 0.6 5m @ 0.6 g/t
NKRC20-026 199 209 3.3 10m @ 3.3 g/t
NKRC20-027 46 49 1.7 3m @ 1.7 g/t
NKRC20-028 48 51 0.8 3m @ 0.8 g/t
NKRC20-028 72 77 0.9 5m @ 0.9 g/t
NKRC20-028 93 120 3.7 27m @ 3.7 g/t
NKRC20-029 14 30 5.2 16m @ 5.2 g/t
NKRC20-029 35 69 1.3 34m @ 1.3 g/t
NKRC20-029 74 81 0.5 7m @ 0.5 g/t
NKRC20-029 120 125 1.1 5m @ 1.1 g/t
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
---
NKRC20-029 162 166 2.4 4m @ 2.4 g/t
--- --- --- --- ---
NKRC20-030 46 53 1.6 7m @ 1.6 g/t
NKRC20-030 60 66 1 6m @ 1.0 g/t
NKRC20-030 89 94 1.7 5m @ 1.7 g/t
NKRC20-030 153 155 0.7 2m @ 0.7 g/t
NKPC20-031 59 62.6 3 3.6m @ 3.0 g/t
NKPC20-031 75.2 87.25 1.1 12.05m @ 1.1 g/t
NKPC20-031 93 97.27 0.6 4.27m @ 0.6 g/t
NKPC20-031 106 111 1.6 5m @ 1.6 g/t
NKPC20-031 127 129 1.6 2m @ 1.6 g/t
NKPC20-031 133 136.98 1.3 3.98m @ 1.3 g/t
NKPC20-031 151.1 155 25.3 3.9m @ 25.3 g/t
NKRC20-032 1 7 1.9 6m @ 1.9 g/t
NKRC20-032 12 52 2.9 40m @ 2.9 g/t
NKRC20-033 22 24 0.6 2m @ 0.6 g/t
NKRC20-033 54 58 2.4 4m @ 2.4 g/t
NKRC20-033 71 73 0.9 2m @ 0.9 g/t
NKRC20-033 78 90 2.7 12m @ 2.7 g/t
NKRC20-033 102 105 0.8 3m @ 0.8 g/t
NKRC20-033 112 158 2.5 46m @ 2.5 g/t
NKRC20-033 164 170 1.3 6m @ 1.3 g/t
NKRC20-034 46 49 2.7 3m @ 2.7 g/t
NKRC20-034 85 89 7.9 4m @ 7.9 g/t
NKPC20-035 2 5 0.7 3m @ 0.7 g/t
NKPC20-035 38.7 42 9.7 3.3m @ 9.7 g/t
NKPC20-035 120 125 0.7 5m @ 0.7 g/t
NKPC20-035 130 144 2 14m @ 2.0 g/t
NKPC20-035 147.66 157.9 4.2 10.24m @ 4.2 g/t
NKPC20-035 164 167.94 1 3.94m @ 1.0 g/t
NKRC20-036 63 68 1.2 5m @ 1.2 g/t
NKRC20-036 78 88 2.3 10m @ 2.3 g/t
NKRC20-037 64 68 0.9 4m @ 0.9 g/t
NKRC20-037 79 83 1.2 4m @ 1.2 g/t
NKRC20-038 41 44 1.8 3m @ 1.8 g/t
NKPC20-039 80 82.04 0.8 2.04m @ 0.8 g/t
NKPC20-039 93.13 120 3.4 26.87m @ 3.4 g/t
NKPC20-039 124 136.2 4 12.2m @ 4.0 g/t
NKPC20-039 150.85 153 12.2 2.15m @ 12.2 g/t
NKRC20-040 64 71 0.8 7m @ 0.8 g/t
NKRC20-041 45 48 1.7 3m @ 1.7 g/t
NKRC20-043 46 59 0.8 13m @ 0.8 g/t
NKRC20-043 64 104 5.5 40m @ 5.5 g/t

Note: Intervals indicated are not true widths as there is insufficient geologic information to calculate true widths. However, drill holes have been drilled to cross interpreted mineralized zones as close to perpendicular as possible.

  • Akwasiso - located 5km north east of the processing plant, currently being mined, targeting extensions of the ore body to the north and south as well as upgrading of inferred resources.  The JV drilled 4,534m of RC drilling and DD which was completed in Q2 2020. For additional details on drilling results, refer to the Company's news release dated June 25, 2020. Results are currently being incorporated into new modeling and resource estimation programs with anticipated completion by Q1 2021.

  • Miradani North (formerly referred to as Tontokrom) - this target is located 10km south-west of the processing plant and was drilled in 2019 with no stated resources. Prior small-scale mining operations have left a shallow pit, approximately 400m x 150m with known mineralization extending at depth and along strike. Following resolution of a previously disclosed boundary dispute with a local miner, a Phase 2 12-hole drill program totaling 3,600m of DD and RC drilling commenced in Q3 2020.  This drill program aims to provide a nominal 80 x 80m appraisal of potential mineralization along strike and down dip from previous 2019 drilling.  A Phase 3 program of in-fill drilling to a 40 x 40m spacing is currently being considered for Q4 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

4. Financial results of the Company

The following table is a summary of the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

(in thousands of US dollars, except per share amounts) Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture 5,587 (126,047 40,468 (126,264
Service fee earned as operators of joint venture 1,234 1,488 3,677 3,740
General and administrative expenses (5,183 (3,199 (11,415 (9,460
Income (loss) from operations and joint venture 1,638 (127,758 32,730 (131,984
Finance income 1,571 214 7,062 736
Finance expense (12 (19,977 (35 (15,470
Foreign exchange gain (loss) 8 5 (52 (5
Net income (loss) and comprehensive income     (loss) for the period 3,205 (147,516 39,705 (146,723
Income (loss) per share:
Basic 0.01 (0.65 0.18 (0.65
Diluted 0.01 (0.65 0.18 (0.65
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic 223,648,336 225,902,646 223,474,084 225,839,725
Diluted 225,939,861 225,902,646 224,768,772 225,839,725

All values are in US Dollars.

Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture

As the Company equity accounts for its interest in the JV, the Company recognized its 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV in the amounts of $5.6 million and $40.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - share of net earnings of $2.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively, before considering the impact of the impairment of the Company's equity investment in the JV).

Service fee earned as operators of the joint venture

In accordance with the Joint Venture Agreement ("JVA"), the Company is the operator of the AGM and, in consideration for managing the operations of the mine, receives a gross annual service fee from the JV of $6.2 million (originally $6.0 million per annum, but adjusted annually for inflation). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company earned a gross service fee of $1.5 million (less withholding taxes of $0.3 million) and $4.6 million (less withholding taxes of $0.9 million), respectively.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company earned a gross service fee of $1.5 million (less withholding taxes of $0.1 million) and $4.5 million (less withholding taxes of $0.8 million), respectively.

General and administrative expenses

G&A expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 comprised:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)
Wages, benefits and consulting (3,922 (2,227 (7,548 (6,474
Office, rent and administration (170 (191 (557 (562
Professional and legal (311 (150 (835 (329
Share-based payments (497 (390 (1,476 (1,283
Travel, marketing, investor relations and<br>    regulatory (243 (217 (876 (754
Depreciation and other (40 (24 (123 (58
Total G&A expense (5,183 (3,199 (11,415 (9,460

All values are in US Dollars.

G&A expenses in Q3 2020 were $2.0 million higher than Q3 2019 primarily due to non-recurring costs associated with the intended closure of the Company's Johannesburg office, a $0.2 million increase in professional fees and a $0.1 million increase in share-based compensation expense.

G&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $2.0 million higher than the same period in 2019, predominantly due to non-recurring costs associated with the intended closure of Company's Johannesburg office. In addition, legal and professional fees were $0.5 million higher in 2020 due to costs associated with filing the base shelf prospectus and At-the-Market ("ATM") offering in Q2 2020 (see section "7. Liquidity and capital resources"), while share-based payments expense ($0.2 million increase) and marketing and investor relation costs ($0.1 million increase) were also higher in 2020 compared to 2019.

Finance income

Finance income includes changes in the fair value of the Company's preferred share investment in the JV (which has no fixed redemption date) and interest earned on cash balances. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized a positive fair value adjustment of $1.4 million and $6.6 million, respectively, on changes in the fair value of the Company's preferred share investment in the JV.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $0.2 million and $0.7 million of finance income, respectively, which was primarily related to changes in carrying values of the Company's preferred share investments in the JV.

Finance expense

Finance expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes interest on lease liabilities and banking fees.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $20.0 million and $15.5 million of finance expense, respectively, which was primarily related to fair value adjustments on the Company's preferred share investment in the JV associated with the AGM LOM plan update. The downward fair value adjustment was a result of a change in the estimated timing of the cash flows expected to be distributed by JV. There was no change to the face value of the preferred shares.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

5. Selected quarterly financial data

The following table provides summary unaudited financial data for the last eight quarters. Except for basic and diluted income (loss) per share and adjusted basic and diluted income (loss) per share^1^, the totals in the following table are presented in thousands of US dollars.

2020 2019 2018
Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4
Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture 5,587 14,347 20,534 - (126,047 6,135 (6,352 (1,306
Service fee earned as operators of joint venture 1,234 1,221 1,222 1,223 1,488 1,126 1,126 1,117
General and administrative expenses (5,183 (3,558 (2,674 (2,368 (3,199 (3,456 (2,805 (3,200
Income (loss) from operations and joint venture 1,638 12,010 19,082 (1,145 (127,758 3,805 (8,031 (3,389
Other income (expenses) 1,567 2,684 2,724 (20,060 (19,758 2,302 2,717 2,514
Income tax recovery - - - - - - - 8
Net income (loss) for the period 3,205 14,694 21,806 (21,205 (147,516 6,107 (5,314 (867
Basic and diluted income (loss) per share $ 0.01 $ 0.07 $ 0.10 (0.09 (0.65 $ 0.03 (0.02 $ 0.00
Adjusted net income (loss) for the period attributable to <br>   common shareholders ^2^ 3,205 14,694 21,806 941 793 6,107 (5,314 (867
Adjusted basic and diluted income (loss) per share <br>   attributable to common shareholders ^2^ $ 0.01 $ 0.07 $ 0.10 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 $ 0.03 (0.02 $ 0.00

All values are in US Dollars.

Commencing in Q3 2018, the Company has been recognizing its 45% interest in the net earnings (loss) after tax of the JV for each quarter.

Since Q4 2018, other income has included fair value adjustments on the Company's preferred share investments in the JV.

In Q3 2019, the Company recognized an impairment on its equity investment in the AGM JV totaling $128.3 million which was presented as part of the Company's share of the net loss related to the joint venture. Additionally, in Q3 2019, the Company recognized a $20.0 million downward fair value adjustment on its preferred share investment in the JV which was presented as finance expense.

In Q4 2019, the Company recognized a $20.1 million downward fair value adjustment on its preferred share investment in the JV resulting from the finalization of its work over the AGM LOM plan which was presented as finance expense.

The increase in net earnings related to the JV during 2020 was primarily due to higher realized gold prices.

6. Outlook

COVID-19 Update and Response

Amid the current COVID-19 global pandemic, the Company and the JV have taken precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of its employees, contractors and local communities in which the AGM operates.

The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, rapid testing and isolation of affected persons. The AGM recently procured a PCR testing machine capable of processing up to 40 samples per day which is in the process of being certified by the Ghana health authorities. Additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected-to-be-infected individuals, limiting on-site cross contamination and expediting return to work timelines. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM's operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing a two-week regulatory isolation.  The Company's offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and, along with the Johannesburg team, continue to support the AGM's operations.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The Company's Johannesburg office remains closed, and staff are working remotely.

The AGM has continued to build its supply chain and has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.

At this time, the AGM is on track to deliver its 2020 production guidance as described below while AISC^2^ is expected to slightly exceed the cost guidance range of $1,000 to $1,100 per ounce, as certain factors continue to put pressure on cost performance (as described below).

2020 Guidance for the Asanko Gold Mine (100% basis)

In 2020, the AGM is targeting 225,000 to 245,000 ounces of gold production at AISC^2^ of $1,000 to $1,100/oz. AISC^2^ includes budgeted sustaining capital expenditures of $11 million (spend to date: $11.5 million), primarily for a planned tailings storage facility lift of $7 million (spend to date: $9.2 million). Year-to-date AISC^2^ remained in line with the Company's guidance range, however, cost guidance is expected to slightly exceed the range of $1,000 to $1,100 per ounce. Current cost pressures include higher royalty expense associated with higher realized gold prices (approximately $30 incremental per ounce), higher sustaining capital expenditures associated with design changes to the raise of the tailings dam as well as additional costs associated with the JV's COVID-19 mitigation measures.

As previously communicated, production during Q3 2020 declined as compared to production achieved in the first half of 2020. With year to date gold production of 184,333 ounces, the Company is well on-track to meet production guidance for 2020. The mine plan in Q4 2020 will continue to source ore primarily from the lower grade Esaase and Akwasiso pits. These ore sources will be augmented where necessary with run-of-mine stockpile material.

Development capital is forecast at $24.0 million (spend to date: $21.0 million), primarily for the Tetrem village relocation. In addition, $17.1 million was budgeted for exploration (spend to date: $14.6 million), mainly around the highly prospective Miradani mineralized trend.

2020 Guidance FY 2019 (Actual) FY 2020 (Guidance) FY 2020 (Forecast) Q3 2020 (Actual) YTD 2020 (Actual)
Gold production (oz) 251,044 225,000 - 245,000 ~245,000 48,974 184,333
AISC^2^ ($/oz) 1,112 1,000 - 1,100 ~1,150 1,488 1,094

^______________________________________2^^^See "8. Non-GAAP measures"

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

7. Liquidity and capital resources

A key financial objective of the Company is to actively manage its own cash balance and liquidity in order to meet the Company's strategic plans, as well as those of the JV in accordance with the JV agreement. The Company shares control of the JV and aims to manage the JV in such a manner as to generate positive cash flows from the AGM's operating activities in order to fund its operating, capital and project development requirements. A summary of the Company's net assets and key financial ratios related to liquidity are as follows.  Note that the September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances below, unless otherwise noted, do not include any assets or liabilities of the JV.

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
(in thousands of US dollars, except outstanding shares and options) $ $
Cash and cash equivalents 63,489 31,109
Other current assets 3,931 4,691
Non-current assets 118,216 108,704
Total assets 185,636 144,504
Current liabilities 3,941 2,317
Non-current liabilities 930 930
Total liabilities 4,871 3,247
Working capital 63,479 33,483
Total equity 180,765 141,257
Total common shares outstanding 224,060,106 225,098,810
Total options outstanding 9,160,238 12,568,362
Key financial ratios
Current ratio 17.11 15.45
Total liabilities -to-equity 0.03 0.02

The Company held cash and cash equivalents of $63.5 million and $2.9 million in receivables as at September 30, 2020.

Subsequent to the JV transaction with Gold Fields ("JV Transaction"), other than the JV service fee, the Company has no current direct sources of revenue and any free cash flows generated by the AGM are no longer within the Company's exclusive control as the disposition of cash from the JV is governed by the JVA. The JVA provides that "Distributable Cash" will be calculated and distributed quarterly, if available. Further information regarding the definition of "Distributable Cash" is included in section "8.3 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA". However, given the Company's cash balance and ongoing service fee receipts from the JV, the Company believes it is in a position to meet all working capital requirements, contractual obligations and commitments as they fall due (see "Commitments" below) during the next 24 months.

Normal course issuer bid

On November 12, 2019, the Company received approval from the TSX to commence the NCIB on November 15, 2019 to purchase up to 11,310,386 common shares, representing 5% of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares on that date. Purchases pursuant to the NCIB are made on the open market through the facilities of the TSX and NYSE.

All common shares purchased by the Company under the NCIB are purchased at the market price at the time of acquisition in accordance with the rules and policies of the TSX and NYSE and applicable securities laws. All common shares acquired by the Company under the NCIB are cancelled and purchases will continue to be funded out of the Company' working capital. Although the Company has a present intention to acquire its common shares pursuant to the NCIB, the Company will not be obligated to make any purchases and purchases may be suspended by the Company at any time in accordance with applicable securities laws. The NCIB will terminate on November 14, 2020, or earlier if the maximum number of shares under the NCIB have been purchased. The Company reserves the right to terminate the NCIB earlier in accordance with applicable securities laws if it feels it is appropriate to do so.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

In accordance with the rules of the TSX, the maximum daily purchases on the TSX under the NCIB will be 33,499 common shares, which is 25% of the average daily trading volume for the Company's common shares on the TSX for the six months ended October 31, 2019. In addition, maximum daily purchases under the NCIB on the NYSE will be subject to Rule 10b-18 which specifies that daily purchases may not exceed 25% of average daily trading volume for the four weeks preceding such trading date. These maximum daily limits will apply to purchases on the respective markets, except where such purchases are made in accordance with "block purchase" exemptions under applicable TSX and NYSE policies.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company did not repurchase any common shares under the NCIB program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company repurchased and cancelled a total of 2,758,063 common shares under the NCIB program for $2.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.83 per share). Since inception of the NCIB in Q3 2019, the Company has repurchased and cancelled a total of 3,866,983 common shares for $3.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.84 per share).

ATM Offering

On June 25, 2020, the Company entered into an ATM agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co. and Cormark Securities (the "Agents"). Under the ATM agreement, the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the term of the ATM agreement, sell through the Agents common shares of the Company for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $50.0 million (the "Offering"). The Company expects to use any net proceeds of the Offering for general corporate and working capital requirements, including, but not limited to, funding ongoing exploration and operations at the Asanko Gold Mine, funding the Company's working capital requirements, repaying indebtedness outstanding from time to time, completing future acquisitions and/or for other corporate purposes.

No offers or sales of common shares will be made in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange or other trading markets in Canada. The

Company will pay the Agents a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of common shares. The Company will determine, in its sole discretion, the date, price and number of common shares to be sold under the Offering, if any.  Any common shares sold in the Offering will be distributed at market prices or prices related to prevailing market prices from time to time.

The Offering is being made by way of a prospectus supplement dated June 25, 2020 (the "Prospectus Supplement") to the Company's existing U.S. registration statement on Form F-10 (the "Registration Statement") and Canadian short form base shelf prospectus (the "Base Shelf Prospectus") each dated June 11, 2020. The Prospectus Supplement and the Registration Statement are available on the SEC's website and the Prospectus Supplement (together with the related Base Shelf Prospectus) is available on the SEDAR website maintained by the Canadian Securities Administrators.

In addition, in connection with the Gold Fields Limited's ("GF") existing pre-emptive right to maintain its 9.9% pro rata ownership

interest in the Company, the Company has agreed to sell to GF, from time to time during the term of the Offering at GF's election, on a

private basis, such number of common shares as to represent 9.9% of the common shares issued under the Offering, if any.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had not issued any common shares under the Offering.

Equity

The Company is financially stable with a total liabilities-to-equity ratio of 0.03 as at September 30, 2020.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Commitments

The following table summarizes the Company's contractual obligations as at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Note the following table excludes commitments and liabilities of the JV for both periods presented.

Total Total
(in thousands of US dollars) Within 1 year 2 - 3 years 4 -5 years Over 5 years September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 3,854 - - - 3,854 1,649
Long-term incentive plan (cash-settled
awards) 850 480 - - 1,330 1,001
Corporate office leases 118 252 256 - 626 823
Total 4,822 732 256 - 5,810 3,473

In addition to the above commitments, the Company has provided various parent company guarantees related to the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bonds in the amount of $6.8 million.  Subsequent to period end, the Company provided an additional parent company guarantee related to the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bond for the Esaase deposit in the amount of $0.5 million.

During Q3 2019, the Company entered into a lease agreement for corporate office space with an effective date of September 1, 2019. Upon obtaining the contractual right to use the new office space, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for the office space lease agreement in accordance with IFRS 16, amounting to $0.6 million. Obligations under the corporate office space lease agreement have been included in the table above.

Contingencies

Due to the nature of its business, the Company may from time to time be subject to regulatory investigations, claims, lawsuits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. While the Company cannot reasonably predict the ultimate outcome of any such actions, and inherent uncertainties exist in predicting such outcomes, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or future results of operations.

Cash flows

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands of US dollars) 2020 2019 2020 2019
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating cash flows before working capital <br>      changes (3,406 ) (1,319 ) (6,284 ) (4,428 )
Operating activities (2,984 ) (3,539 ) (4,845 ) (7,159 )
Investing activities 174 10,030 37,902 10,110
Financing activities 1,339 322 (650 ) 322
Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash <br>   equivalents 11 1 (27 ) 4
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents <br>   during the period (1,460 ) 6,814 32,380 3,277
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 64,949 6,821 31,109 10,358
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 63,489 13,635 63,489 13,635
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
---

Cash provided by operating activities

During Q3 2020, the Company utilized cash flows in operations of $3.0 million, net of cash inflows in working capital of $0.4 million (Q3 2019 - utilized cash flows in operations of $3.5 million, net of cash outflows in working capital of $2.2 million). In Q3 2020, cash inflows of $0.4 million from non-cash working capital were primarily the result of a $1.2 million increase in accounts payable and accruals, partly offset by a $0.8 million increase in prepaid expenses.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company utilized cash flows from operations of $4.8 million, net of cash inflows in working capital of $1.4 million (nine months ended September 30, 2019 - operating cash flows utilized of $7.2 million, net of cash outflows in working capital of $2.7 million). For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, cash inflows of $1.4 million from non-cash working capital were primarily the result of a $1.6 million decrease in receivables and $0.5 million increase in accounts payable and accruals, partly offset by a $0.7 million increase in prepaid expenses.

Cash from (used in) investing activities

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company generated cash of $0.2 million through investing activities primarily from earning interest on cash balances.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company generated cash of $37.9 million through investing activities as the Company received $37.5 million in distributions from the JV in the form of preference share redemptions while earning $0.5 million of interest on cash balances.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company generated cash of $10.0 million and $10.1 million, respectively, as a result of a $10.0 million payment received from Gold Fields in connection with the JV Transaction and $0.1 million of interest earned on cash balances.

Cash used in financing activities

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $1.3 million of cash was generated and $0.7 million was used in financing activities, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019 during which $0.3 million of cash was generated by financing activities due to the exercise of share-based options.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, cash provided by financing activities of $1.3 million related to proceeds received upon exercise of share-based options which was partly offset by lease payments on corporate office space.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, cash used in financing activities of $0.7 million related to $2.3 million of share repurchases under the Company's NCIB and $0.1 million in lease payments on corporate office space. These factors were partly offset by $1.7 million of proceeds received upon exercise of share-based options.

8. Non-GAAP measures

The Company has included certain non-GAAP performance measures throughout this MD&A. These performance measures are employed by management to assess the Company's operating and financial performance and to assist in business decision-making. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, certain investors and other stakeholders use this information to evaluate the Company's operating and financial performance; however, as explained elsewhere herein, these non-GAAP performance measures do not have any standardized meaning and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

8.1 Operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce

The Company has included the non-GAAP performance measures of operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce on a by-product basis throughout this MD&A. In the gold mining industry, this is a common performance measure but does not have any standardized meaning. The Company follows the recommendations of the Gold Institute Production Cost Standard. The Gold Institute, which ceased operations in 2002, was a non-regulatory body and represented a global group of suppliers of gold and gold products. The production cost standard developed by the Gold Institute remains the generally accepted standard of reporting cash costs of production by many gold mining companies. Management uses operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce to monitor the operating performance of the JV and to assess the attractiveness of potential acquisition targets. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, some investors use this information to evaluate the Company's performance and ability to generate cash flow. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Other companies may calculate operating cash costs and total cash costs per ounce differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.

The following tables provide reconciliations of operating and total cash costs per gold ounce of the AGM (net of silver by-product revenues) to various operating expenses of the AGM on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measure) as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars, except per ounce amounts)
Total production costs ^4 5 6^ 62,798 50,721 148,692 141,894
Share-based payment expense included in production <br>   costs (444 (147 (829 (259
By-product revenue (256 (213 (686 (593
Total operating cash costs 62,098 50,361 147,177 141,042
Royalties and production taxes 5,035 4,559 15,351 12,306
Total cash costs 67,133 54,920 162,528 153,348
Gold ounces sold 53,975 63,009 183,152 182,767
Operating cash costs per gold ounce sold   ($/ounce) 1,150 799 804 772
Total cash costs per gold ounce sold ($/ounce) 1,244 872 887 839

All values are in US Dollars.

^4^ For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, total production costs exclude a provision for a one-time contract termination fee.

^5^ For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, total production costs include a gain recognized on the derecognition of a mining contractor services agreement.

^6^ For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, total production costs exclude one-time severance charges .

8.2 All-in sustaining costs per gold ounce

In June 2013, the World Gold Council, a non-regulatory association of many of the world's leading gold mining companies established to promote the use of gold to industry, provided guidance for the calculation of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce" in an effort to encourage improved understanding and comparability of the total costs associated with mining an ounce of gold. The Company has adopted the reporting of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce", which is a non-GAAP performance measure. The Company believes that the all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce measure provides additional insight into the costs of producing gold by capturing all of the expenditures required for the discovery, development and sustaining of gold production and allows the Company to assess its ability to support capital expenditures to sustain future production from the generation of operating cash flows. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, some investors use this information to evaluate the JV's performance and ability to generate cash flow, disposition of which is subject to the terms of the JVA. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. Other companies may calculate all-in sustaining costs per ounce differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The following table provides a reconciliation of AISC of the AGM to various operating expenses of the AGM on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measure), as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars except per ounce amounts) $ $ $ $
Total cash costs (as reconciled above) 67,133 54,920 162,528 153,348
General and administrative expenses - JV 2,223 2,135 5,727 5,008
Sustaining capital expenditures 3,562 728 11,544 5,189
Sustaining capitalized stripping costs 3,392 10,261 7,455 33,670
Reclamation cost accretion 126 201 376 631
Sustaining lease payments 3,708 5,479 12,091 13,269
Interest on lease liabilities 149 592 636 1,510
All-in sustaining cost 80,293 74,316 200,357 212,625
Gold ounces sold 53,975 63,009 183,152 182,767
All-in sustaining cost per gold ounce sold   ($/ounce) - JV 1,488 1,179 1,094 1,163
Average realized price per gold ounce sold   ($/ounce) 1,862 1,443 1,673 1,343
All-in sustaining margin ($/ounce) 374 264 579 180
All-in sustaining margin 20,187 16,634 105,972 32,898

Excluded from the G&A costs of the AGM is non-cash share-based compensation expense of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively).

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred corporate G&A expenses, net of the JV service fee, of $1.2 million and $3.9 million, respectively, which excludes non-cash share-based compensation expense of $0.5 million and $1.5 million, respectively, depreciation expense  and one-time severance charges (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - G&A expenses, net of the JV service fee, of $1.3 million and $4.4 million which excludes non‐cash share‐based compensation expense of $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively).

The Company's attributable gold ounces sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was 24,289 and 82,418, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - 28,354 and 74,678 ounces, respectively), resulting in additional all-in sustaining cost for the Company of $49/oz and $47/oz for these periods, respectively, in addition to the AGM's all-in sustaining cost presented in the above table (three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 - $46/oz and $59/oz, respectively).

All-in sustaining costs adjust "Total cash costs" for G&A expenses, reclamation cost accretion, sustaining capitalized stripping costs (excludes operating pits which have not achieved steady-state operations) and sustaining capital expenditures. Sustaining capital expenditures, capitalized stripping costs and reclamation cost accretion are not line items on the AGM's financial statements. Sustaining capital expenditures are defined as those capital expenditures which do not materially benefit annual or life of mine gold ounce production at a mine site.  A material benefit to a mine site is considered to be at least a 10% increase in annual or life of mine production, net present value, or reserves compared to the remaining life of mine of the operation.  As such, sustaining costs exclude all expenditures at the AGM's 'new projects' and certain expenditures at the AGM's operating sites which are deemed expansionary in nature. Capitalized stripping costs represent costs incurred at steady-state operations during the period which have been deferred to mining interests as they allow the AGM to gain access to ore bodies to be mined in future periods; these costs are not considered expansionary in nature as they relate to currently identified reserves and resources. Reclamation cost accretion represents the growth in the AGM's decommissioning provision due to the passage of time. This amount does not reflect cash outflows, but it is considered to be representative of the periodic costs of reclamation and remediation. Reclamation cost accretion is included in finance expense in the AGM's results as disclosed in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The following table reconciles sustaining capital expenditures on a 100% basis for the AGM to the total capital expenditures of the AGM, as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)
Investing cash flows of the AGM 18,972 26,655 46,854 50,430
Less:
Sustaining capitalized stripping costs (3,392 (10,261 (7,455 (33,670
Non-sustaining capital expenditures (14,242 (5,240 (28,460 (13,368
Change in AP related to capital expenditures <br>       not included in AISC 2,155 (10,768 391 1,581
Interest income received 69 342 214 216
Total sustaining capital expenditures 3,562 728 11,544 5,189

All values are in US Dollars.

The majority of the non-sustaining capital expenditures during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the relocation of a village near the Esaase deposit and E&E expenditures on the Abore, Adubiaso and Akwasiso tenements.

8.3 Adjusted Net Income (Loss)

The Company has included the non-GAAP performance measures of adjusted net income (loss) and adjusted net income (loss) per share throughout this MD&A. Neither adjusted net income nor adjusted net income per share have any standardized meaning and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to other measures presented by other issuers. Adjusted net income excludes certain non-cash items from net income or net loss to provide a measure which helps the Company and investors to evaluate the results of the underlying core operations of the Company and its ability to generate cash flows. The Company believes that the presentation of adjusted net income is appropriate to provide additional information to investors regarding items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future or that management does not believe to reflect the Company's ongoing operating performance. The Company further believes that its presentation of this non-GAAP financial measure provides information that is useful to investors because it is an important indicator of the strength of our operations and the performance of our core business. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of adjusted net income (loss) to net income (loss) (the nearest GAAP measure) per the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. All adjustments are shown net of estimated tax.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- ---
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars, except per share amounts) $ $
Net income (loss) for the period 3,205 (147,516 39,705 (146,723
Interest in impairment of AGM - 128,338 - 128,338
Change in fair value of preferred shares related to <br>   updated LOM plan - 19,971 - 19,971
Adjusted net income (loss) for the period 3,205 793 39,705 1,586
Basic weighted average number of common share <br>   outstanding 223,648,336 225,902,646 223,474,084 225,839,725
Diluted weighted average number of common share <br>   outstanding 225,939,861 225,902,646 224,768,772 225,839,725
Adjusted net income (loss) per share - basic and    diluted $0.01 0.00 $0.18 0.01

All values are in US Dollars.

8.4 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA provides an indication of the Company's continuing capacity to generate income from operations before considering the Company's financing decisions and costs of amortizing capital assets. Accordingly, EBITDA comprises net income (loss) excluding interest expense, interest income, amortization and depletion, and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA to exclude non-recurring items and non-cash items and includes the calculated Adjusted EBITDA of the JV. Other companies may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.

The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to the Company based on its economic interest in the JV to net income (loss) (the nearest GAAP measure) of the Company and the JV, respectively, per the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. All adjustments are shown net of estimated income tax.

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars )
Net income for the period 3,205 (147,516 39,705 (146,723
Add back:
Depreciation and depletion (40 (24 (123 (58
Finance income (1,571 (214 (7,062 (736
Finance expense 12 19,977 35 15,470
EBITDA for the period 1,606 (127,777 32,555 (132,047
Add back (deduct):
Non-cash share based compensation (497 (390 (1,476 (1,283
Share of net (earnings) loss related to joint <br>      venture (5,587 126,047 (40,468 126,264
Galiano's attributable interest in JV Adjusted<br>       EBITDA 10,956 11,561 54,115 28,022
Adjusted EBITDA for the period 6,478 9,441 44,726 20,956

All values are in US Dollars.

The following table reconciles the JV's EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 to the results of the JV as disclosed in note 6 to the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- ---
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars)
JV net income for the period 12,426 5,096 89,972 4,615
Add back:
JV depreciation and depletion 14,803 24,665 40,486 64,840
JV Finance income (64 (89 (223 (215
JV Finance expense 890 3,913 2,112 7,810
JV Deferred income tax recovery - (1,823 - -
JV EBITDA for the period 28,055 31,762 132,347 77,050
Add back (deduct):
JV Mining contractor lease payments (capitalized <br>      leases) (3,708 (6,071 (12,091 (14,779
JV Adjusted EBITDA for the period 24,347 25,691 120,256 62,271
Galiano's attributable interest in JV Adjusted    EBITDA for the period 10,956 11,561 54,115 28,022

All values are in US Dollars.

While the above figure reflects an estimate of the Company's "attributable interest" in Adjusted EBITDA generated from the AGM, these funds are not within the Company's exclusive control as the disposition of cash from the JV is governed by the JVA. The JVA provides that "Distributable Cash" will be calculated and distributed quarterly, if available. "Distributable Cash" means an amount to be calculated at each calendar quarter-end, as being the lesser of (i) cash and cash equivalents which are projected at that time to be surplus to all the JV companies taken together, after providing for all amounts anticipated to be required to be paid during a period of at least the ensuing two calendar quarters in order to pay the net obligations (net of anticipated revenues during such two subsequent quarters) which will arise out of the operations contemplated by the current approved program and budget while also providing for retention of a reasonable amount of cash and cash equivalents for working capital, contingencies and reserves, all of which factors shall be considered by the management committee); and (ii) the maximum amount permissible for distributions to shareholders of a particular JV company at that time in accordance with applicable law and the terms of any third party loan or other agreement in effect which limits distributions from the JV companies. Distributable cash is to be paid out by the JV in certain priority generally to interest and principal of loans, redemption of the preferred shares issued by JV Finco (of which shares each partner holds 137.4 million preferred shares as at September 30, 2020, after redemptions paid by the JV in 2019, Q1 2020 and Q2 2020) and finally as dividends on common shares of the JV companies (which the JV partners own 45:45 with the Government of Ghana holding 10%).

8.5 Free Cash Flow

The Company uses the financial measure Free Cash Flow, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, to supplement information in its condensed consolidated interim financial statements. Free Cash Flow does not have any standardized meaning prescribed under IFRS, and therefore it may not be comparable to similar measures employed by other companies. The Company believes that in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, the Company and certain investors and analysts use this information to evaluate the JV's performance with respect to its operating cash flow capacity to meet non-discretionary outflows of cash. The presentation of Free Cash Flow is not meant to be a substitute for the cash flow information presented in accordance with IFRS, but rather should be evaluated in conjunction with such IFRS measures. Free Cash Flow is calculated as cash flows from operating activities of the JV adjusted for cash flows associated with sustaining and non-sustaining capital expenditures and payments made to mining contractors for leases capitalized under IFRS 16.

The following table provides a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow of the AGM to its cash flows from operating activities on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measures), as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
--- --- --- --- ---
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands of US dollars )
Cash flows from operating activities before working <br>   capital changes 28,422 30,177 129,209 75,977
Net change in working capital (9,896 15,393 (24,884 (1,042
Cash flows from operating activtities 18,526 45,570 104,325 74,935
Less:
Cash flows used in investing activities (18,972 (26,655 (46,854 (50,430
Mining contractor lease payments (capitalized <br>      leases) (3,708 (5,050 (12,091 (9,405
Free Cash Flow for the period (4,154 13,865 45,380 15,100

All values are in US Dollars.

9. Summary of outstanding share data

As of the date of this MD&A, there were 224,228,522 common shares of the Company issued and outstanding and 8,991,822 share purchase options outstanding (with exercise prices ranging between C$0.86 and C$4.77 per share). The fully diluted outstanding share count at the date of this MD&A is 233,220,344.

10. Related party transactions

As at September 30, 2020, the Company's related parties are its subsidiaries and the JV, its JV partners, and key management personnel. During normal course of operations, the Company enters into transactions with its related parties. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, all related party transactions were in the normal course of business including compensation payments to key management personnel.

As at September 30, 2020, the Company had a $2.7 million receivable owing from the JV in relation to the Company's service fee earned for being the operator of the JV (December 31, 2019 - $4.2 million).

11. Critical accounting policies and estimates

11.1 Estimates and judgements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes the estimates and assumptions used in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from those estimates and could impact future results of operations and cash flows. The Company's significant accounting judgments and estimates are presented in note 5 of the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Additionally, there were no new judgments and estimates applied in preparing the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

The Company considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the significant judgments and estimates made in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 and determined that the effects of COVID-19 did not have a material impact on the estimates and judgments applied.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

11.2 Changes in Accounting Policies including Initial Adoption

(a) Accounting standards adopted January 1, 2020

There were no new standards effective January 1, 2020 that had an impact on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements or are expected to have a material effect in the future.

(b) Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted

There were no accounting standards or amendments to existing standards issued but not yet adopted as of January 1, 2020 that are expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial statements in the future.

12. Risks and uncertainties

12.1 Financial instruments & risk

The Company's business, operations and future prospects are subject to significant risks. For details of these risks, refer to the risk factors set forth in the Company's most recently filed AIF, which can be found under the Company's corporate profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, and the Company's most recently filed Form 40-F Annual Report, which can be found on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.

Other than as disclosed below, management is not aware of any significant changes to the risks identified in the Company's most recently filed AIF nor has the Company's mitigation of those risks changed significantly during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. These risks, and the risk factors disclosed below, could materially affect the Company's business, operations, prospects and share price and could cause actual events to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements relating to the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently considers immaterial may also impair the business, operations, prospects and share price of the Company. If any of the risks actually occur, the business of the Company may be harmed, and its financial condition and results of operations may suffer significantly.

Coronavirus

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has had a negative impact on global financial conditions. COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and has now spread to several other countries, including Canada and the US. These markets are a significant source of global demand for commodities, including gold. A sustained slowdown in economic growth or demand in these markets, in either case, that is not offset by reduced supply or increased demand from other regions, could have an adverse effect on the price and/or demand for gold.

In addition, outbreaks or the threat of outbreaks of viruses or other infectious diseases or similar health threats, such as COVID-19, could also cause operational and supply chain delays and disruptions (including as a result of governmental regulation and prevention measures), labour shortages and shutdowns or the inability to sell precious metals. On March 22, 2020, Ghana closed all borders for travel by all persons, and on March 27, 2020, announced restricted movements of people within the major centers of Accra and Kumasi. On August 30, 2020, the President of Ghana announced the reopening of the Kotoka International Airport to passenger travel effective September 1, 2020. To date, mining, power supply and fuel supply operators were exempted from the lockdown and the AGM's operations have not been materially impacted. **** In the event that the prevalence and impacts of COVID-19 continue to increase, governments, including Ghana's government, may increase regulations and restrictions regarding the flow of labour or products, and the Company's and the JV's operations, suppliers, customers and distribution channels could be severely impacted.

At this time, the Company cannot accurately predict what effects COVID-19 will have on mining operations or financial results, including as a result of uncertainties relating to the ultimate geographic spread of the virus, the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak, and the length of the travel restrictions and business closures that have been or may be imposed by the governments of impacted countries. The widespread health crisis caused by COVID-19, and its adverse economic and financial impacts, could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and the market price of the Company's common shares.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

13. Internal control

13.1 Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management, including the CEO and CFO, have evaluated the Company's internal controls over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal controls over financial reporting.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, there have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

13.2 Limitations of controls and procedures

The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, believes that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been prevented or detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by unauthorized override of the control. The design of any control system also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

14. Qualified person

The exploration information in this MD&A has been reviewed and approved by Dr. Paul Klipfel, CPG, Senior Vice President Exploration of Galiano Gold Inc. For further information regarding the exploration information in this MD&A, including the Quality Control and Quality Assurance and data verification measures taken with respect to such exploration information, please see the Company's news releases dated June 25, 2020, July 6, 2020 and September 8, 2020, and filed on the Company's SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.  All other technical content in this MD&A has been approved by Mr. Mike Begg, Pr.Sci.Nat., Senior Vice President Technical Services of Galiano Gold Inc. Both Dr. Klipfel and Mr. Begg are "Qualified Persons" as defined by Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (Standards of Mineral Disclosure).

15. Cautionary statements

15.1 Cautionary statement on forward-looking information

The Company cautions readers regarding forward-looking statements found in this MD&A and in any other statement made by, or on the behalf of the Company. Generally, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "plans", "expects", "estimates", "anticipates", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", or "might" occur. Forward-looking statements are made based on management's beliefs, estimates and opinions and are given only as of the date of this MD&A. Such statements may constitute "forward-looking information" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities legislation.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to:

  • the future price of gold;
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
  • the operating plans for the AGM under the JV between the Company and Gold Fields;
  • the estimation of Mineral Reserves (as defined below) and Mineral Resources (as defined below);
  • the realization of Mineral Reserve estimates;
  • the timing and amount of estimated future production from the AGM, including production rates and gold recovery;
  • operating costs with respect to the operation of the AGM;
  • capital expenditures that are required to sustain and expand mining activities;
  • the timing, costs and project economics associated with the JV's development plans for the AGM;
  • the availability of capital to fund the JV's expansion plans and to fund the Company's contributions to the JV's development plans;
  • estimates regarding the AGM's consumption of key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel fuel; the ability of the AGM to maintain current inventory levels;
  • the ability of the AGM to continue to operate during the COVID-19 pandemic;
  • gold production and other activities and that they will not be curtailed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;
  • the AGM' ability to continue to ship doré from the AGM site to be refined; that the doré produced by the AGM will continue to be able to be refined at similar rates and costs to the AGM, or at all;
  • the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance;
  • the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and that it will be effective in continuing their operations in the ordinary course;
  • the timing of the development of new deposits;
  • success of exploration activities;
  • permitting timelines;
  • hedging practices;
  • currency exchange rate fluctuations;
  • requirements for additional capital;
  • government regulation of mining operations;
  • environmental risks and remediation measures;
  • unanticipated reclamation expenses;
  • title disputes or claims; and
  • limitations on insurance coverage.

Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information and which relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements reflect the Company's current views with respect to expectations, beliefs, assumptions, estimates and forecasts about the business of the JV and the Company and the industry and markets in which the JV and the Company operate.  Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which are difficult to predict.  These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. The JV and Company's actual future results or performance are subject to certain risks and uncertainties including but not limited to:

  • the recent outbreak of COVID-19 has had a negative impact on global financial conditions, demand for commodities and supply chains and could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and the market price of the Company's common shares;
  • the mineral reserve and resource estimates may change and may prove to be inaccurate;
  • life of mine estimates are based on a number of factors and assumptions and may prove to be incorrect;
  • actual production, costs, returns and other economic and financial performance may vary from the Company's estimates in response to a variety of factors, many of which are not within the Company's control;
  • AGM has a limited operating history and is subject to risks associated with establishing new mining operations;
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
  • sustained increases in costs, or decreases in the availability, of commodities consumed or otherwise used by the Company may adversely affect the Company;
  • adverse geotechnical and geological conditions (including geotechnical failures) may result in operating delays and lower throughput or recovery, closures or damage to mine infrastructure;
  • the ability of the Company to treat the number of tonnes planned, recover valuable materials, remove deleterious materials and process ore, concentrate and tailings as planned is dependent on a number of factors and assumptions which may not be present or occur as expected;
  • the Company's operations may encounter delays in or losses of production due to equipment delays or the availability of equipment;
  • the Company's operations are subject to continuously evolving legislation, compliance with which may be difficult, uneconomic or require significant expenditures;
  • the Company may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining key personnel;
  • labour disruptions could adversely affect the Company's operations;
  • the Company's business is subject to risks associated with operating in a foreign country;
  • risks related to the Company's use of contractors;
  • the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of gold;
  • the Company's operations are subject to environmental hazards and compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations;
  • the effects of climate change or extreme weather events may cause prolonged disruption to the delivery of essential commodities which could negatively affect production efficiency;
  • the Company's operations and workforce are exposed to health and safety risks;
  • unexpected costs and delays related to, or the failure of the Company to obtain, necessary permits could impede the Company's operations;
  • the Company's title to exploration, development and mining interests can be uncertain and may be contested;
  • geotechnical risks associated with the design and operation of a mine and related civil structures;
  • the Company's properties may be subject to claims by various community stakeholders;
  • risks related to limited access to infrastructure and water;
  • the Company's exploration programs may not successfully expand its current mineral reserves or replace them with new reserves;
  • risks associated with establishing new mining operations;
  • the Company's common shares may experience price and trading volume volatility;
  • the Company has never paid dividends and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future;
  • the Company's growth, future profitability and ability to obtain financing may be impacted by global financial conditions;
  • there may be adverse Canadian tax consequences for a foreign controlled Canadian company that acquires the securities of the Company;
  • the Company may be a "passive foreign investment company" in its current and future tax years, which may have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. investors;
  • as a foreign private issuer, the Company is subject to different U.S. securities laws and rules than a U.S. domestic issuer, which may limit the information publicly available to U.S. investors;
  • the Company may lose its foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses to the Company;
  • shareholders of the Company may be unable to sell significant quantities of the Company's common shares into the public trading markets without a significant reduction in the price of their common shares, or at all;
  • the exercise of stock options or the settlement of the share units and the subsequent resale of such common shares in the public market could adversely affect the prevailing market price and the Company's ability to raise equity capital in the future at a time and price which it deems appropriate;
  • the Company's revenues are dependent on the market prices for gold, which have experienced significant recent fluctuations;
  • the Company may not be able to secure additional financing when needed or on acceptable terms;
  • Company shareholders may be subject to future dilution;
  • risks related to the control of AGM cashflows and operation through a joint venture;
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
  • risks related to the market price of common shares;
  • risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates;
  • risks relating to credit rating downgrades;
  • changes to taxation laws applicable to the Company may affect the Company's profitability and ability to repatriate funds;
  • risks related to the Company's internal controls over financial reporting and compliance with applicable accounting regulations and securities laws;
  • the carrying value of the Company's assets may change and these assets may be subject to impairment charges;
  • non-compliance with public disclosure obligations could have an adverse effect on the Company's stock price;
  • risks associated with changes in reporting standards;
  • the Company's primary asset is held through a joint venture, which exposes the Company to risks inherent to joint ventures, including disagreements with joint venture partners and similar risks;
  • the Company may be liable for uninsured or partially insured losses;
  • the Company may be subject to litigation;
  • damage to Galiano's reputation could result in decreased investor confidence and increased challenges in developing and maintaining community relations which may have adverse effects on the business, results of operations and financial conditions of the joint venture and the Company and the Company's share price;
  • the Company may be unsuccessful in identifying targets for acquisition or completing suitable corporate transactions, and any such transactions may not be beneficial to the Company or its shareholders;
  • the Company must compete with other mining companies and individuals for mining interests;
  • risks related to information systems security threats;
  • it may not be possible to enforce actions against certain directors and officers of the Company or the experts named in this prospectus under U.S. federal securities laws; and
  • the risk factors described under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Company's annual information form.

Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions, which are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company's control and many of which, regarding future business decisions, are subject to change. Assumptions underlying the Company's expectations regarding forward-looking statements or information contained in this MD&A include, among others:

  • the ability of the AGM to continue to operate, produce and ship doré from the AGM site to be refined during the COVID-19 pandemic;
  • that the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance;
  • the Company and Gold Fields will agree on the manner in which the JV will operate the AGM, including agreement on development plans and capital expenditures;
  • the price of gold will not decline significantly or for a protracted period of time;
  • the Company's ability to raise sufficient funds from future equity financings to support its operations, and general business and economic conditions;
  • the global financial markets and general economic conditions will be stable and prosperous in the future;
  • the AGM will not experience any significant uninsured production disruptions that would materially affect revenues;
  • the ability of the JV and the Company to comply with applicable governmental regulations and standards;
  • the mining laws, tax laws and other laws in Ghana applicable to the AGM and the JV will not change, and there will be no imposition of additional exchange controls in Ghana;
  • the success of the JV and the Company in implementing its development strategies and achieving its business objectives;
  • the JV will have sufficient working capital necessary to sustain its operations on an ongoing basis and the Company will continue to have sufficient working capital to fund its operations and contributions to the JV; and
  • the key personnel of the Company and the JV will continue their employment.
GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

The foregoing list of assumptions cannot be considered exhaustive.

Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, you are cautioned that this list is not exhaustive and there may be other factors that the Company has not identified. Furthermore, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference in, this MD&A if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Historical results of operations and trends that may be inferred from the following discussions and analysis may not necessarily indicate future results from operations. Historically, the Company's operations have been primarily funded from debt and share issuances, as well as the exercise of share-based options. The Company has had and may have future capital requirements in excess of its currently available resources. In the event the Company's plans change, its assumptions change or prove inaccurate, or its capital resources in addition to projected cash flow, if any, prove to be insufficient to fund its future operations, the Company may be required to seek additional financing.

Although the Company has to-date been able to raise capital, there can be no assurance that the Company will have sufficient financing to meet its future capital requirements or that additional financing will be available on terms acceptable to the Company in the future.

15.2 Cautionary note for United States investors

As a British Columbia corporation and a "reporting issuer" under Canadian securities laws, the Company is required to provide disclosure regarding its mineral properties, including the AGM, in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101"). NI 43-101 is a rule developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators that establishes standards for all public disclosure an issuer makes of scientific and technical information concerning mineral projects.  In accordance with NI 43-101, the Company uses the terms mineral reserves and resources as they are defined in accordance with the CIM Definition Standards on mineral reserves and resources (the "CIM Definition Standards") adopted by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (the "CIM Council").

The SEC has adopted amendments to its disclosure rules to modernize the mineral property disclosure requirements for issuers whose securities are registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the U.S. Exchange Act.  All SEC reporting companies, other than those who file under the Canada-U.S. Multijurisdictional Disclosure System ("MJDS"), will be required to comply with the new rules for their first fiscal year beginning on or after January 1, 2021 (the "SEC Modernization Rules"). The SEC Modernization Rules will replace the historical property disclosure requirements for mining registrants that were included in SEC Industry Guide 7 ("Guide 7"), which will be rescinded. The Company is not required to provide disclosure on its mineral properties, including the AGM, under the SEC Modernization Rules as the Company is presently a "foreign private issuer" under the U.S. Exchange Act that files annual reports or registration statements with the SEC under the  MJDS Disclosure System between Canada and the United States.

The SEC Modernization Rules include the adoption of terms describing mineral reserves and mineral resources that are "substantially similar" to the corresponding terms under the CIM Definition Standards. As a result of the adoption of the SEC Modernization Rules, SEC will now recognize estimates of "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources".  In addition, the SEC has amended its definitions of "proven mineral reserves" and "probable mineral reserves" to be "substantially similar" to the corresponding CIM Definitions.

United States investors are cautioned that while the above terms are "substantially similar" to CIM Definitions, there are differences in the definitions under the SEC Modernization Rules and the CIM Definition Standards.  Accordingly, there is no assurance any mineral reserves or mineral resources that the Company may report as "proven reserves", "probable reserves", "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources" under NI 43-101 would be the same had the Company prepared the reserve or resource estimates under the standards adopted under the SEC Modernization Rules.

GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

United States investors are also cautioned that while the SEC will now recognize "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources", investors should not to assume that any part or all of the mineralization in these categories will ever be converted into a higher category of mineral resources or into mineral reserves. Mineralization described using these terms has a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and feasibility than mineralization that has been characterized as reserves.  Accordingly, investors are cautioned not to assume that any "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources", or "inferred mineral resources" that the Company reports are or will be economically or legally mineable. Further, "inferred resources" have a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and as to whether they can be mined legally or economically. Therefore, United States investors are also cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the inferred resources exist.  In accordance with Canadian rules, estimates of "inferred mineral resources" cannot form the basis of feasibility or other economic studies, except in limited circumstances where permitted under NI 43-101.

United States investors are also cautioned that disclosure of exploration potential is conceptual in nature by definition and there is no assurance that exploration of the mineral potential identified will result in any category of NI 43-101 mineral resources being identified.

Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.3 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

Form 52-109F2

Certification of interim filings - full certificate

I, Greg McCunn, Chief Executive Officer of Galiano Gold Inc. (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.), certify the following:

  1. Review: **** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of Galiano Gold Inc. (the "issuer") for the interim period ended September 30, 2020.

  2. No misrepresentations: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

  3. Fair presentation: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

  4. Responsibility: The issuer's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.

  5. Design:  Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

5.1 Control framework:  The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is based on Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

5.2 ICFR - material weakness relating to design: N/A

5.3 Limitation on scope of design:  N/A

  1. Reporting changes in ICFR: **** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2020 and ended on September 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: November 6, 2020

/s/ Greg McCunn

_______________________

Greg McCunn

Chief Executive Officer

Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.4 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

Form 52-109F2

Certification of interim filings - full certificate

I, Fausto Di Trapani, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Galiano Gold Inc. (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.), certify the following:

  1. Review: **** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of Galiano Gold Inc. (the "issuer") for the interim period ended September 30, 2020.

  2. No misrepresentations: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

  3. Fair presentation: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

  4. Responsibility: The issuer's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.

  5. Design:  Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

5.1 Control framework:  The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is based on Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

5.2 ICFR - material weakness relating to design: N/A

5.3 Limitation on scope of design:  N/A

  1. Reporting changes in ICFR: **** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on July 1, 2020 and ended on September 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: November 6, 2020

/s/ Fausto Di Trapani

_____________________

Fausto Di Trapani

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.5 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

(All dollar amounts are United States dollars unless otherwise stated)

GALIANO GOLD REPORTS Q3 2020 RESULTS

Vancouver, British Columbia, November 6, 2020 - Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") (TSX, NYSE American: GAU) (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) reports third quarter ("Q3") 2020 operating and financial results for the Asanko Gold Mine ("AGM"), located in Ghana, West Africa. The AGM is a 50:50 joint venture ("JV") with Gold Fields Ltd (JSE, NYSE: GFI), which is managed and operated by Galiano.

Q3 2020 Asanko Gold Mine Highlights (100% basis)

  • There were no lost time injuries ("LTI") and two total recordable injuries ("TRI")

  • Quarterly gold production of 48,974 ounces at an all-in sustaining cost^1^ ("AISC") of $1,488/oz

  • Gold sales of 53,975 ounces at an average realized price of $1,861/oz, generating gold sales proceeds of $100.5 million

  • Net income after tax of $12.4 million

  • Generated operating cash flow of $18.5 million, and negative free cash flow^1^ of $4.2 million after incurring $14.2 million of non-sustaining capital and exploration expenditure

  • As at September 30, 2020, the JV had cash of $43.3 million, $16.3 million in receivables from gold sales and $4.3 million in gold on hand, with the RMB revolving credit facility of $30.0 million fully drawn

  • Completed a 33-hole drilling program at the Nkran pit to confirm and improve confidence in the Mineral Reserve estimate for the third phase of mining and tested the extent of mineralization below the proposed Cut 3 pit shell with positive results (refer to news release dated September 8, 2020)

  • Completed the exploration drilling program at Abore with results indicating a strike extension of mineralization of the pit (refer to news release dated July 6, 2020)

Q3 2020 Quarterly Highlights for Galiano Gold Inc.

  • Net income after tax of $3.2 million and Adjusted EBITDA^1^ of $6.5 million

  • At September 30, 2020, Galiano held cash and receivables of $66.4 million

  • Appointed Matt Badylak as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

"Coming into the second half of 2020 with very strong production and all-in sustaining cost performance, we expected production to decrease and unit costs to increase in the second half as the mine shifted to a lower grade production mix after the depletion of Nkran Cut 2 late in Q2," said Greg McCunn, Chief Executive Officer. "For the balance of 2020, ore will be sourced from the Esaase and Akwasiso pits, augmented with run of mine stockpiles. This quarter was an investment quarter where the Esaase and Akwasiso pits were developed and optimised for sustainable ore production in Q4 and beyond which put pressure on all-in sustaining costs. With the continued strong gold price environment, the mine generated cash from operations in excess of $18 million allowing it to fund pit development as well as its ongoing exploration programs.

"The focus on exploration in Q3 was delineating and expanding upon known mineralization at the highly prospective Miradani targets and to confirm and improve confidence in the Mineral Reserve Estimate for the third phase of mining at Nkran and to test the extent of mineralization below the proposed Cut 3 pit shell."

Asanko Gold Mine - Summary of Q3 2020 Operational and Financial Results (100%)

AGM (100% basis before any impairment adjustments) Q3 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2019
Ore mined ('000t) 958 1,361 1,105
Waste mined ('000t) 11,321 8,128 6,372
Total mined ('000t) 12,279 9,489 7,477
Strip ratio (W:O) 11.8 6.0 5.8
Average gold grade mined (g/t) 1.4 1.4 1.5
Mining cost ($/t mined) 3.13 3.59 4.48
Ore milled ('000t) 1,467 1,638 1,439
Average mill head grade (g/t) 1.1 1.4 1.4
Average recovery rate (%) 93 94 94
Processing cost ($/t treated) 10.80 9.77 10.42
Gold production (oz) 48,974 69,026 62,440
Gold sales (oz) 53,975 61,357 63,009
Average realized gold price ($/oz) 1,861 1,651 1,443
Operating cash costs^1^ ($/oz) 1,150 725 799
Total cash costs^1^ ($/oz) 1,244 807 872
All-in sustaining costs^1^ ($/oz) 1,488 1,067 1,179
All-in sustaining margin^1^ ($/oz) 373 584 264
All-in sustaining margin^1^ ($m) 20.1 35.8 16.6
Revenue ($m) 100.7 101.5 91.2
Income from mine operations ($m) 17.4 35.9 11.2
Cash provided by operating activities 18.5 48.8 45.6
  • During the quarter, there were no LTI's and two TRI's reported resulting in an LTI frequency rate of nil per million employee hours worked and a TRI frequency rate of 0.72 per million employee hours worked.

  • Gold production of 48,974 ounces during the three months ended September 30, 2020, in line with plan. Lower relative production was impacted by lower head grade driven by the mine shifting to a production mix excluding the higher grade Nkran Cut 2 deposit which was depleted in Q2 as well as a reliance on lower grade stockpiles to augment primary feed as the Esaase and Akwasiso deposits were developed for sustainable ore production in Q4 and beyond.

  • During Q3 2020, the AGM sold 53,975 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,861/oz. Revenues totaled $100.7 million (including $0.3 million of by-product revenue).

  • The AGM incurred operating cash costs per ounce^1^ of $1,150, total cash costs per ounce^1^of $1,244 and AISC^1^ of $1,488 per ounce in Q3 2020. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^1^ from Q2 2020 was primarily due to higher waste stripping at the Esaase and Akwasiso pits.  AISC^1^ were also relatively higher than Q2 2020 due to higher royalty costs associated with an increase in the gold price, as well as higher general and administration (“G&A”) costs associated with one-off COVID-19 related expenses and the completion of a lift on the tailings storage facility. All unit cost metrics were also impacted by relatively lower gold sales volumes in Q3 2020 which had the effect of increasing costs on a per ounce basis.

  • Total cost of sales (including depreciation and depletion and royalties) amounted to $83.3 million in Q3 2020, an increase of $3.4 million from Q3 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily due to higher operating cash costs and royalty expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019.  These factors were partly offset by a decrease in gold ounces sold in Q3 2020 compared to Q3 2019 and a reduction in depreciation and depletion expense following the impairment recorded in Q4 2019.

  • The AGM generated $18.5 million of cash flows from operating activities (after taking into account unfavorable working capital changes of $9.9 million) and negative free cash flow^1^ of $4.2 million during Q3 2020. This compares to $45.6 million of cash flows from operating activities and $13.9 million of free cash flow^1^ during Q3 2019. The reduction in free cash flow^1^ was the result of a $25.3 million unfavorable increase in cash invested in non-cash working capital when comparing Q3 2020 to Q3 2019 and a $3.7 million decrease in income from operations (excluding depreciation and depletion). These factors were partly offset by a $7.7 million decrease in cash flows associated with capital expenditure from Q3 2019 to Q3 2020 and a $1.3 million reduction in mining services and contractor lease payments.

  • As at September 30, 2020, the JV had cash of $43.3 million, $16.3 million in receivables from gold sales and $4.3 million in gold on hand, with the RMB revolving credit facility of $30.0 million fully drawn.

Galiano Gold Inc. - Summary Q3 2020 Financial Results

Consolidated Q3 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2019
Net income (loss) for the period (m) 3.2 14.7 (147.5 )
Net income (loss) per share 0.01 $ 0.07 $ (0.65 )
Adjusted EBITDA1 (m) 6.5 18.5 9.4

All values are in US Dollars.

  • The Company reported net income after tax of $3.2 million in Q3 2020 compared to a net loss of $147.5 million in Q3 2019. The improvement in earnings during Q3 2020 was predominantly due to the fact that the Q3 2019 net loss included a $128.3 million impairment recognized on the Company's equity investment in the AGM JV, as well as a $20.0 million negative fair value adjustment on the Company's redeemable preference shares, both of which were associated with the update to the AGM Life of Mine plan.  Additionally, the improvement in earnings in Q3 2020 was also partly due to an increase in the Company's 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV which totaled $5.6 million for the quarter. These factors were partly offset by restructuring costs recorded in Q3 2020 associated with the intended closure of the Company's Johannesburg office.

  • As at September 30, 2020, the Company had cash on hand of $63.5 million and $2.9 million in receivables for a gross liquidity position of $66.4 million and no debt.

  • Adjusted EBITDA^1^ for Q3 2020 amounted to $6.5 million, compared to $9.4 million in Q3 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA^1^ was primarily a result of an increase in the AGM's total cash costs^1^ and increase in corporate G&A expense associated with the intended closure of the Company's Johannesburg office (see "Management changes").

  • Cash used in operating activities in Q3 2020 was $3.0 million, compared to $3.5 million in Q3 2019. The decrease in cash used in operations was due to a reduction in the amount of cash invested in working capital during Q3 2020, partly offset by higher corporate G&A expense.

2020 Outlook

In 2020, the AGM is on track to deliver on its guidance with gold production of approximately 245,000 ounces and AISC^1^ of approximately $1,150 per ounce which slightly exceeds the upper end of the AISC^1^ guidance of $1,000 to $1,100/oz as a result of increased cost pressures (as discussed below).

AISC^1^ includes budgeted sustaining capital expenditures of $11.0 million (spend to date: $11.5 million), primarily for a planned tailings storage facility lift of $7.0 million (spend to date $9.5 million). Year-to-date AISC^1^ performance remained in line with the Company's guidance range, however, certain cost factors continue to put pressure on the JV's cost performance. Current cost pressures include higher royalty expense associated with higher realized gold prices (approximately $30 incremental per ounce), higher sustaining capital expenditures associated with design changes to the raise of the tailings dam as well as additional costs associated with the JV's COVID-19 mitigation measures.

During Q4 2020 the mine expects to source ore primarily from the lower grade Esaase and Akwasiso pits as the AGM's primary fresh ore source. These ore sources will be augmented where necessary with run-of-mine stockpile material.

Development capital is forecast at $24.0 million (spend to date: $21.0 million), primarily for the Tetrem village relocation. In addition, $17.1 million was budgeted for exploration (spend to date: $14.6 million), mainly around the Miradani mineralized trend.

Guidance YTD (Actual) FY 2020 (Guidance) FY 2020 (Forecast)
Gold Production (oz) 184,333 225,000 – 245,000 ~245,000
AISC^1^ ($/oz) 1,094 1,000 – 1,100 ~1,150

Management Changes

During the quarter, Mr. Matt Badylak was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer.  Mr. Badylak is based in the Company's head office in Vancouver. Following the appointment of Mr. Badylak, the Company initiated a process whereby the majority of the Company's technical services will be systematically migrated from the Company's Johannesburg office to Vancouver. As part of this process, the Company appointed Mr. Eric Chen as Vice President Mineral Resources and Ms. Victoria Bleppony as Vice President Mining. Once this migration is complete, the role of Senior Vice President, Technical Services is expected to be made redundant.

COVID-19 Update

The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, isolating affected persons, rapid testing and isolation of affected persons. The AGM recently procured a polymerase chain reaction testing machine capable of processing up to 40 samples per day which is in the process of being certified by the Ghana health authorities, additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected to be infected individuals limiting on-site cross contamination and expediting return to work timelines. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM's operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing a two-week regulatory isolation. The Company's offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and open with restrictions and protocols in place. The Company's Johannesburg office remains closed, and staff are working remotely. The AGM has continued to build its supply chain and has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.

This news release should be read in conjunction with Galiano's Management's Discussion and Analysis and the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, which are available at www.galianogold.com and filed on SEDAR.

^1^ Non-GAAP Performance Measures

The Company has included certain non-GAAP performance measures in this press release. These non-GAAP performance measures do not have any standardized meaning. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section of Galiano's Management Discussion and Analysis for an explanation of these measures and reconciliations to the Company's reported financial results in accordance with IFRS.

  • Operating Cash Costs per ounce and Total Cash Costs per ounce

Operating cash costs are reflective of the cost of production, adjusted for share-based payments and by-product revenue per ounce of gold sold. Total cash costs include production royalties of 5%. Excluded from operating cash costs are one-time severance charges.

  • All-in Sustaining Costs Per Gold Ounce

The Company has adopted the reporting of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce" ("AISC") as per the World Gold Council's guidance. AISC include total cash costs, corporate overhead expenses, sustaining capital expenditure, capitalized stripping costs and reclamation cost accretion per ounce of gold sold.

  • Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA provides an indication of the Company's continuing capacity to generate income from operations before taking into account the Company's financing decisions and costs of amortizing capital assets. Accordingly, EBITDA comprises net income (loss) excluding interest expense, interest income, amortization and depletion, and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA to exclude non-recurring items and to include the Company's interest in the adjusted EBITDA of the JV. Other companies and JV partners may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently.

  • Free cash flow

The Company believes that in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, the Company and certain investors and analysts use free cash flow to evaluate the JV's performance with respect to its operating cash flow capacity to meet non-discretionary outflows of cash. The presentation of free cash flow is not meant to be a substitute for the cash flow information presented in accordance with IFRS, but rather should be evaluated in conjunction with such IFRS measures. Free cash flow is calculated as cash flows from operating activities of the JV adjusted for cash flows associated with sustaining and non-sustaining capital expenditures and payments made to mining contractors for leases capitalized under IFRS 16.

Enquiries:

Lynette Gould

SVP Investor Relations

Toll-Free (N. America): 1-855-246-7341

Telephone: 1-778-729-0608

Email: lynette.gould@galianogold.com

About Galiano Gold Inc.

Galiano is focused on creating **** a sustainable business capable of long-term value creation for its stakeholders through exploration and disciplined deployment of its financial resources. The company currently operates and manages the Asanko Gold Mine, located in Ghana, West Africa which is jointly owned with Gold Fields Ltd.  The Company is strongly committed to the highest standards for environmental management, social responsibility, and health and safety for its employees and neighbouring communities. For more information, please visit www.galianogold.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements and information contained in this news release constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of applicable U.S. securities laws and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws, which we refer to collectively as "forward-looking statements". Forward-looking statements are statements and information regarding possible events, conditions or results of operations that are based upon assumptions about future conditions and courses of action. All statements and information other than statements of historical fact may be forward looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "seek", "expect", "anticipate", "budget", "plan", "estimate", "continue", "forecast", "intend", "believe", "predict", "potential", "target", "may", "could", "would", "might", "will" and similar words or phrases (including negative variations) suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding an outlook.

Forward-looking statements in this news release include, but are not limited to: estimates regarding the value of the gold currently held at the AGM; expectations with respect to the Company's exploration program, including the expected results therefrom and the associated impact on the AGM's mineral reserve and resource estimates, the timelines associated therewith, additional follow-on exploration programs, the ability of the exploration program to replace depletion from mining operations and the expected cost of the exploration program; statements with respect to future sales pursuant to the Company's at-the-market offering; statements with respect to planned mining and development operations at the AGM for the remainder of 2020; expectations regarding development capital;  expected gold production; and cost estimates. Such forward-looking statements are based on a number of material factors and assumptions, including, but not limited to: the ability of the AGM to continue to operate during the COVID-19 pandemic; that gold production and other activities will not be curtailed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; that the AGM will be able to continue to ship doré from the AGM site to be refined; that the doré produced by the AGM will continue to be able to be refined at similar rates and costs to the AGM, or at all; that the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance; that the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic will be effective in continuing its operations in the ordinary course; the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions underlying the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates, including future gold prices, cut-off grades and  production and processing estimates; the successful completion of development and exploration projects, planned expansions or other projects within the timelines anticipated and at anticipated production levels; that mineral resources can be developed as planned; that the Company's relationship with joint venture partners will continue to be positive and beneficial to the Company; interest and exchange rates; that required financing and permits will be obtained; general economic conditions; that labour disputes or disruptions, flooding, ground instability, geotechnical failure, fire, failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate are as anticipated and other risks of the mining industry will not be encountered; that contracted parties provide goods or services in a timely manner; that there is no material adverse change in the price of gold or other metals; competitive conditions in the mining industry; title to mineral properties; costs; taxes; the retention of the Company's key personnel; and changes in laws, rules and regulations applicable to Galiano.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. The Company believes the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements contained herein. Some of the risks and other factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements contained in this news release, include, but are not limited to: the Company's and/or the AGM's operations may be curtailed or halted entirely as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, whether as a result of governmental or regulatory law or pronouncement, or otherwise; that the doré produced at the AGM may not be able to be refined at expected levels, on expected terms or at all; that the Company and/or the AGM will experience increased operating costs as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; that the AGM may not be able to source necessary inputs on commercially reasonable terms, or at all; the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic may not be successful in continuing its operations in the ordinary course; mineral reserve and resource estimates may change and may prove to be inaccurate; life of mine estimates are based on a number of factors and assumptions and may prove to be incorrect; AGM has a limited operating history and is subject to risks associated with establishing new mining operations; sustained increases in costs, or decreases in the availability, of commodities consumed or otherwise used by the Company may adversely affect the Company; actual production, costs, returns and other economic and financial performance may vary from the Company's estimates in response to a variety of factors, many of which are not within the Company's control; adverse geotechnical and geological conditions (including geotechnical failures) may result in operating delays and lower throughput or recovery, closures or damage to mine infrastructure; the ability of the Company to treat the number of tonnes planned, recover valuable materials, remove deleterious materials and process ore, concentrate and tailings as planned is dependent on a number of factors and assumptions which may not be present or occur as expected; the Company's operations may encounter delays in or losses of production due to equipment delays or the availability of equipment; the Company's operations are subject to continuously evolving legislation, compliance with which may be difficult, uneconomic or require significant expenditures; the Company may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining key personnel; labour disruptions could adversely affect the Company's operations; the Company's business is subject to risks associated with operating in a foreign country; risks related to the Company's use of contractors; the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of gold; the Company's operations are subject to environmental hazards and compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations; the Company's operations and workforce are exposed to health and safety risks; unexpected costs and delays related to, or the failure of the Company to obtain, necessary permits could impede the Company's operations; the Company's title to exploration, development and mining interests can be uncertain and may be contested; the Company's properties may be subject to claims by various community stakeholders; risks related to limited access to infrastructure and water; the Company's exploration programs may not successfully expand its current mineral reserves or replace them with new reserves; the Company's common shares may experience price and trading volume volatility; the Company's revenues are dependent on the market prices for gold, which have experienced significant recent fluctuations; the Company may not be able to secure additional financing when needed or on acceptable terms; Company shareholders may be subject to future dilution; risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates; changes to taxation laws applicable to the Company may affect the Company's profitability and ability to repatriate funds; the Company's primary asset is held through a joint venture, which exposes the Company to risks inherent to joint ventures, including disagreements with joint venture partners and similar risks; risks related to the Company's internal controls over financial reporting and compliance with applicable accounting regulations and securities laws; the carrying value of the Company's assets may change and these assets may be subject to impairment charges; the Company may be liable for uninsured or partially insured losses; the Company may be subject to litigation; the Company may be unsuccessful in identifying targets for acquisition or completing suitable corporate transactions, and any such transactions may not be beneficial to the Company or its shareholders; the Company must compete with other mining companies and individuals for mining interests; and risks related to information systems security threats.

Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, you are cautioned that this list is not exhaustive and there may be other factors that the Company has not identified. Furthermore, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference in, this news release if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Neither Toronto Stock Exchange nor the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

Source: Galiano Gold Inc.