Galiano Gold Inc 6-K, filed Jul 30, 2020
Galiano Gold Inc. (GAU)
About this 6-K
Galiano Gold Inc filed this 6-K on July 30, 2020.
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the month of July 2020
Commission File No. 001-33580
GALIANO GOLD INC. (Translation of registrant's name into English)
Suite 1640, 1066 West Hastings Street Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X1, Canada (Address of principal executive office)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F
Form 20-F [ ] Form 40-F [X]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1) [ ]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7) [ ]
SUBMITTED HEREWITH
Exhibits 99.1 to 99.2 included with this report are hereby incorporated by reference into the registrant’s registration statement on Form F-10 (File no. 333-239109) (the “Registration Statement”), and to be a part thereof from the date on which this report is submitted, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GALIANO GOLD INC.
| /s/ Fausto Di Trapani |
|---|
| Fausto Di Trapani |
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| Date: July 30, 2020 |
Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.1 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com
**** 
GALIANO GOLD INC.
(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.^1^)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
UNAUDITED
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position | 2 |
|---|---|
| Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income | 3 |
| Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Equity | 4 |
| Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flow | 5 |
| Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements | 6-27 |
^_______________________________________1^ The Company's name was changed from "Asanko Gold Inc." to "Galiano Gold Inc." effective April 30, 2020.
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT JUNE 30, 2020 AND DECEMBER 31, 2019 (In thousands of United States Dollars)
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Note | |||
| Assets | |||
| Current assets | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 64,949 | 31,109 | |
| Receivables | 252 | 161 | |
| Receivable due from related party | 4 | 2,791 | 4,183 |
| Prepaid expenses and deposits | 250 | 347 | |
| 68,242 | 35,800 | ||
| Non-current assets | |||
| Financial assets | 5 | 75,691 | 108,025 |
| Interest in Joint Venture | 6 | 34,881 | - |
| Right-of-use asset | 7 | 537 | 589 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 89 | 90 | |
| 111,198 | 108,704 | ||
| Total assets | 179,440 | 144,504 | |
| Liabilities | |||
| Current liabilities | |||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 2,516 | 2,234 | |
| Lease liability | 7 | 83 | 83 |
| 2,599 | 2,317 | ||
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Long-term incentive plan liability | 311 | 416 | |
| Lease liability | 7 | 474 | 514 |
| 785 | 930 | ||
| Total liabilities | 3,384 | 3,247 | |
| Equity | |||
| Share capital | 8 | 576,628 | 578,385 |
| Equity reserves | 9 | 50,128 | 50,072 |
| Accumulated deficit | (450,700 | (487,200 | |
| Total equity | 176,056 | 141,257 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | 179,440 | 144,504 | |
| Commitments and contingencies | 10 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .
Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors:
| "Greg McCunn" | “Marcel de Groot” |
|---|---|
| Director | Director |
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 (In thousands of United States Dollars, except dollar per share amounts)
| Three months ended | Six months ended | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, 2020 | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2020 | June 30, 2019 | ||
| Note | |||||
| Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture | 6 | 14,347 | 6,135 | 34,881 | (217 |
| Service fee earned as operators of joint venture | 4 | 1,221 | 1,126 | 2,443 | 2,252 |
| General and administrative expenses | 11 | (3,558 | (3,456 | (6,232 | (6,261 |
| Income (loss) from operations and joint venture | 12,010 | 3,805 | 31,092 | (4,226 | |
| Finance income | 12 | 2,678 | 2,287 | 5,491 | 5,036 |
| Finance expense | (12 | (7 | (23 | (7 | |
| Foreign exchange gain (loss) | 18 | 22 | (60 | (10 | |
| Net income and comprehensive income for the period | 14,694 | 6,107 | 36,500 | 793 | |
| Income per share: | |||||
| Basic | 13 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.00 |
| Diluted | 13 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.00 |
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | |||||
| Basic | 13 | 222,612,623 | 225,804,614 | 223,385,994 | 225,804,614 |
| Diluted | 13 | 223,640,863 | 225,804,614 | 224,109,915 | 225,804,614 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 (In thousands of United States Dollars, except for number of common shares)
| Note | Number of<br>shares | Share capital | Equityreserves | Accumulateddeficit | Total equity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance as at December 31, 2018 | 225,804,614 | 578,853 | 49,261 | (319,272 | 308,842 | ||
| Share-based payments | 9(a) | - | - | 412 | - | 412 | |
| Net income and comprehensive income for the period | - | - | - | 793 | 793 | ||
| Balance as at June 30, 2019 | 225,804,614 | 578,853 | 49,673 | (318,479 | 310,047 | ||
| Balance as at December 31, 2019 | 225,098,810 | 578,385 | 50,072 | (487,200 | 141,257 | ||
| Shares repurchased and cancelled under normal course issuer bid | 8(c) | (2,758,063 | ) | (2,296 | - | - | (2,296 |
| Shares issued upon exercise of share-based options | 9(a) | 481,957 | 539 | (174 | - | 365 | |
| Share-based payments | 9(a) | - | - | 230 | - | 230 | |
| Net income and comprehensive income for the period | - | - | - | 36,500 | 36,500 | ||
| Balance as at June 30, 2020 | 222,822,704 | 576,628 | 50,128 | (450,700 | 176,056 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .
GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 (In thousands of United States Dollars)
| Three months ended | Six months ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, 2020 | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2020 | June 30, 2019 | |||
| Note | ||||||
| Operating activities: | ||||||
| Net income for the period | 14,694 | 6,107 | 36,500 | 793 | ||
| Adjustments for: | (14,347 | (6,135 | (34,881 | 217 | ||
| Share of net (earnings) loss related to joint venture | 6 | |||||
| Depreciation and depletion | 41 | 20 | 83 | 34 | ||
| Share-based payments | 9(a), 9(b), 11 | 734 | 626 | 979 | 893 | |
| Interest and other income | 12 | (2,678 | (2,287 | (5,491 | (5,036 | |
| Finance expense | 9 | 1 | 18 | 1 | ||
| Unrealized foreign exchange gain | (147 | (1 | (86 | (11 | ||
| Operating cash flow before working capital changes | (1,694 | (1,669 | (2,878 | (3,109 | ||
| Change in non-cash working capital | 14 | 678 | (376 | 1,017 | (511 | |
| Cash used in operating activities | (1,016 | (2,045 | (1,861 | (3,620 | ||
| Investing activities: | ||||||
| Redemption of preferred shares in joint venture | 5 | 15,000 | - | 37,500 | - | |
| Expenditures on property, plant and equipment | (4 | (9 | (30 | (14 | ||
| Interest received | 202 | 51 | 258 | 94 | ||
| Cash provided by investing activities | 15,198 | 42 | 37,728 | 80 | ||
| Financing activities: | ||||||
| Shares repurchased under normal course issuer bid | 8(c) | (280 | - | (2,296 | - | |
| Shares issued upon exercise of share-based options | 9(a) | 365 | - | 365 | - | |
| Office lease payments | 7 | (28 | - | (58 | - | |
| Cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 57 | - | (1,989 | - | ||
| Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents | 113 | 1 | (38 | 3 | ||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents during the period | 14,352 | (2,002 | 33,840 | (3,537 | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 50,597 | 8,823 | 31,109 | 10,358 | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 64,949 | 6,821 | 64,949 | 6,821 | ||
| Supplemental cash flow information | 14 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements .
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
1. Nature of operations
Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") was incorporated on September 23, 1999 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, Canada. The Company changed its name from Asanko Gold Inc. to Galiano Gold Inc. which was approved by the Company's shareholders at its Annual General and Special Meeting on April 30, 2020. The Company's head office and principal address is located at 1640 - 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X1, Canada. The Company's registered and records office is located at Suite 2600, Three Bentall Centre, 595 Burrard Street, Vancouver, V7X 1L3. The Company's common shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange and NYSE American Exchange under the ticker symbol "GAU".
The Company's principal business activity is the operation of the Asanko Gold Mine ("AGM") through a 50:50 joint venture arrangement (the "JV") associated with the Company's 45% economic interest in the AGM (see Note 6) and exploration and development of mineral property interests. The Government of Ghana has a 10% free-carried interest in the AGM. The AGM consists of two neighboring gold projects, the Obotan Project and the Esaase Project, both located in the Amansie West District of the Republic of Ghana ("Ghana"), West Africa.
In addition to its interest in the AGM, the Company's interest in the JV also includes a 50% interest in a portfolio of other Ghanaian gold concessions in various stages of exploration.
2. Basis of presentation
(a) Statement of compliance
These condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard ("IAS") 34 - Interim Financial Reporting, using accounting policies consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and Interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC"). These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the necessary annual disclosures in accordance with IFRS and should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
The accounting policies followed in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the same as those applied in the Company's most recent audited consolidated annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
These condensed consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue and approved by the Board of Directors on July 28, 2020.
(b) Basis of presentation and consolidation
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for financial instruments carried at fair value.
All amounts are expressed in thousands of United States dollars, unless otherwise stated, and the United States dollar is the functional currency of the Company and each of its subsidiaries. References to C$ are to Canadian dollars.
These condensed consolidated interim financial statements incorporate the financial information of the Company and its subsidiaries as at June 30, 2020. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity as to obtain benefits from its activities.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
2. Basis of presentation (continued)
Subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial results of the Company from the effective date of acquisition up to the effective date of disposition or loss of control.
All significant intercompany amounts and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated on consolidation.
The principal subsidiaries and joint arrangements to which the Company is a party, as well as their geographic locations, were as follows as at June 30, 2020:
| Subsidiary name | Location | Interest | Classification and accounting method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Galiano Gold South Africa (PTY) Ltd. | South Africa | 100% | Consolidated |
| Galiano International (Barbados) Inc. | Barbados | 100% | Consolidated |
| Galiano Gold (Barbados) Inc. | Barbados | 100% | Consolidated |
| Asanko Gold Ghana Limited | Ghana | 45% | Joint venture; equity method |
| Adansi Gold Company (GH) Limited | Ghana | 50% | Joint venture; equity method |
| Shika Group Finance Limited | Isle of Man | 50% | Joint venture; equity method |
Certain subsidiaries of the Company changed their official names during the period to align with Galiano's change of name.
(c) Accounting standards adopted during the period
There were no new standards effective January 1, 2020 that impacted these condensed consolidated interim financial statements or are expected to have a material effect in the future.
(d) Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted
There were no accounting standards or amendments to existing standards issued but not yet adopted as of January 1, 2020 that are expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial statements in the future.
3. Significant accounting judgements and estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes the estimates and assumptions used in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from those estimates and could impact future results of operations and cash flows. The Company's significant accounting judgments and estimates were presented in note 5 of the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
The Company considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the significant judgments and estimates made in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements and determined that the effects of COVID-19 did not have a material impact on the estimates and judgments applied.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
4. Receivable due from related party
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company earned a service fee of $1.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively, as operators of the JV (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the service fee was comprised of a gross service fee of $1.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively, less withholding taxes payable in Ghana of $0.3 million and $0.6 million. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the service fee was comprised of a gross service fee of $1.5 million and $3.0 million, respectively, less withholding taxes payable in Ghana of $0.4 million and $0.7 million. As at June 30, 2020, the Company had a receivable due from the JV in respect of the service fee in the amount of $2.8 million, net of withholding taxes (December 31, 2019 - $4.2 million).
All transactions with related parties have occurred in the normal course of operations and were measured at the exchange amount agreed to by the parties. All amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no specific terms of settlement.
5. Financial assets
As part of the JV Transaction (note 6), the Company initially subscribed to 204.9 million non-voting fixed redemption price redeemable preferences shares in JV Finco (the "preference shares"). The preference shares were issued at a par value of $1 per redeemable share.
The following table summarizes the change in the carrying amount of the Company's preference shares held in the joint venture:
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| Balance, beginning of period | 108,025 | 153,651 |
| Fair value adjustment for the period | 5,166 | (35,626 |
| Redemption of preferred shares during the period | (37,500 | (10,000 |
| Balance, end of period | 75,691 | 108,025 |
All values are in US Dollars.
184.9 million of the preference shares initially subscribed for have no fixed redemption date. As these preference shares have no contractual fixed terms of repayment that arise on specified dates, they are measured at fair value through profit or loss at each reporting period-end.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the JV redeemed $15.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, of the preference shares, bringing the Company's holding to 137.4 million preference shares in the JV as at June 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - 174.9 million preference shares).
As at December 31, 2019, the Company re-measured the fair value of the redeemable preference shares to $108.0 million in order to reflect management's latest estimate of the future cash flows of the JV based on the updated Life of Mine plan applying a discount rate of 8.4%.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
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5. Financial assets (continued)
As at June 30, 2020, the Company re-measured the fair value of the redeemable preference shares to $75.7 million (applying a discount rate of 8.4%) resulting in the recognition of a positive fair value adjustment of $2.5 million and $5.2 million in finance income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - positive fair value adjustment of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively, recognized in finance income). These preference shares are classified as a Level 3 financial asset in the fair value hierarchy.
6. Investment in Joint Venture
On July 31, 2018, the Company completed a transaction (the "JV Transaction") with a subsidiary of Gold Fields Limited ("Gold Fields"), following which:
- the Company and Gold Fields each own a 45% economic interest in Asanko Gold Ghana Limited ("AGGL"), which owns the AGM, with the Government of Ghana retaining a 10% free-carried interest in the AGM;
- the Company and Gold Fields each own a 50% interest in Adansi Gold Company (GH) Limited ("Adansi Ghana"), which owns a number of exploration licenses; and
- the Company and Gold Fields each acquired a 50% interest in the JV entity, Shika Group Finance Limited ("JV Finco")
Under the terms of the Joint Venture Agreement ("JVA") with Gold Fields, the Company remains the manager and operator of the JV and receives an arm's length fee for services rendered to the JV of $6.1 million per annum (originally $6.0 million, but adjusted annually for inflation).
The JVA established joint control of the JV and the Company no longer controls the AGM and associated properties. As the JV is structured within the legal entities of AGGL, Adansi Ghana and JV Finco, the JV represents a joint venture as defined under IFRS 11 - Joint Arrangements, and the Company commenced equity accounting for its interest in the JV effective July 31, 2018.
As at June 30, 2020, the Company's 45% interest in the Asanko Gold Mine was accounted for using the equity method. The following table summarizes the change in the carrying amount of the Company's investment in the joint venture:
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| $ | ||
| Balance, beginning of period | - | 126,264 |
| Company's share of net earnings (loss) of the JV for the period | 34,881 | (126,264 |
| Balance, end of period | 34,881 | - |
All values are in US Dollars.
The Company's share of the net earnings of the JV was $14.3 million and $34.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - share of net income of $6.1 million and share of net loss of $0.2 million, respectively).
Operating and financial results of the AGM JV for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
Summarized financial information for the Company's investment in the JV, on a 100% basis, is outlined in the table below.
All disclosures in this note 6 are on a 100% JV basis, unless otherwise indicated. The JV applies the same accounting policies as the Company.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
Three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | Notes | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Revenues | (i) | 101,539 | 85,715 | 206,313 | 152,730 | ||||
| Production costs | (ii) | (44,856 | ) | (43,968 | ) | (86,060 | ) | (95,931 | ) |
| Depreciation and depletion | (vi) | (15,732 | ) | (16,668 | ) | (25,683 | ) | (40,175 | ) |
| Royalties | (ii) | (5,077 | ) | (4,285 | ) | (10,316 | ) | (7,747 | ) |
| Income from mine operations | 35,874 | 20,794 | 84,254 | 8,877 | |||||
| Exploration and evaluation expenditures | (2,120 | ) | (896 | ) | (3,805 | ) | (1,435 | ) | |
| General and administrative expenses | (1,798 | ) | (1,511 | ) | (3,641 | ) | (2,929 | ) | |
| Income from operations | 31,956 | 18,387 | 76,808 | 4,513 | |||||
| Finance expense | (x) | (675 | ) | (3,148 | ) | (1,222 | ) | (3,897 | ) |
| Finance income | 98 | 64 | 159 | 126 | |||||
| Foreign exchange gain | 520 | 155 | 1,801 | 600 | |||||
| Net income before taxes | 31,899 | 15,458 | 77,546 | 1,342 | |||||
| Income tax expense | - | (1,823 | ) | - | (1,823 | ) | |||
| Net income (loss) after tax for the period | **** | 31,899 | 13,635 | 77,546 | (481 | ) | |||
| Company's share of net income (loss) of the JV for the period | 14,347 | 6,135 | 34,881 | (217 | ) | ||||
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated | |||||||||
| --- |
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
The assets and liabilities of the Asanko Gold Mine JV, on a 100% basis, as at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Note | $ | $ | |
| Assets | **** | **** | |
| Current assets | **** | **** | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 47,831 | 40,758 | |
| Restricted cash | - | 3,000 | |
| Receivables | 497 | 9,516 | |
| Inventories | (iii) | 76,749 | 49,968 |
| Prepaid expenses and deposits | 9,966 | 2,031 | |
| VAT receivable | 10,536 | 10,556 | |
| 145,579 | 115,829 | ||
| Non-current assets | (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) | 251,779 | 238,781 |
| Total assets | 397,358 | 354,610 | |
| Liabilties | **** | ||
| Current liabilities | **** | ||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 72,014 | 62,153 | |
| Revolving credit facility | (vii) | 30,000 | - |
| Lease liability | (viii) | 12,057 | 18,142 |
| 114,071 | 80,295 | ||
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Lease liability | (viii) | 568 | 5,063 |
| Long-term incentive plan liability | 233 | 402 | |
| Asset retirement provisions | (ix) | 67,236 | 56,148 |
| 68,037 | 61,613 | ||
| Total liabilities | 182,108 | 141,908 | |
| Equity | 215,250 | 212,702 | |
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated | |||
| --- |
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
The Company has provided the following incremental disclosures for stakeholders to evaluate the financial performance and financial condition of the AGM. All amounts in the following tables and descriptions are on a 100% basis.
(i) Revenues
In 2013, concurrent with the former debt project financing, AGGL entered into an offtake agreement with a special purpose vehicle of RK Mine Finance Trust I ("Red Kite") with the following details (the "Offtake Agreement"):
sale of 100% of the future gold production from the AGM up to a maximum of 2.2 million ounces to Red Kite;
Red Kite to pay for 100% of the value of the gold ten business days after shipment;
a provisional payment of 90% of the estimated value will be made one business day after delivery;
the gold sale price will be a spot price selected during a nine-day quotational period following shipment of gold from the mine;
performance obligations of the AGM are satisfied once the refining outturn report is provided to Red Kite; and
should AGGL wish to terminate the Offtake Agreement, a termination fee will be payable according to a schedule dependent upon the total funds drawn under the Red Kite debt arrangement as well as the amount of gold delivered under the Offtake Agreement at the time of termination.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM sold 61,357 and 129,177 ounces of gold, respectively, to Red Kite in accordance with the Offtake Agreement (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 66,337 ounces and 119,758 ounces, respectively).
Included in revenue of the AGM is $0.2 million and $0.4 million relating to by-product silver sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively). During the six months ended June 30, 2019, $2.2 million of gold sales related to pre-production activities at Esaase were capitalized to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E") of the AGM.
As of June 30, 2020, the AGM has delivered 968,550 ounces to Red Kite under the Offtake Agreement. The Offtake Agreement was not affected by the JV Transaction and will remain in effect until all contracted ounces have been delivered to Red Kite or AGGL elects to terminate the Offtake Agreement and pay the associated fee.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
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6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
(ii) Production costs and royalties
The following is a summary of production costs by nature, on a 100% basis, incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| **** | Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Raw materials and consumables | (14,264 | ) | (11,759 | ) | (27,493 | ) | (23,149 | ) |
| Salaries and employee benefits | (9,503 | ) | (8,042 | ) | (18,139 | ) | (15,680 | ) |
| Contractors (net of deferred stripping costs) | (25,110 | ) | (15,810 | ) | (54,176 | ) | (50,504 | ) |
| Change in stockpile, gold-in-process and gold dore <br> inventories | 7,830 | (4,044 | ) | 21,432 | 1,105 | |||
| Insurance, government fees, permits and other | (3,623 | ) | (4,246 | ) | (7,299 | ) | (7,590 | ) |
| Share-based payments | (186 | ) | (67 | ) | (385 | ) | (113 | ) |
| Total production costs | (44,856 | ) | (43,968 | ) | (86,060 | ) | (95,931 | ) |
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM recognized a $1.7 million downward adjustment to the carrying value of its stockpile inventory to reflect the net realizable value of long-term stockpiled ore, of which $1.2 million was recorded as production costs and $0.5 million recorded as depreciation expense (three months ended June 30, 2019 - $0.6 million reversal of previously recorded net realizable value adjustments on stockpile inventory).
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM recognized a $14.5 million reversal of previously recorded net realizable value adjustments on its stockpile inventory, of which $6.5 million was credited against production costs and $8.0 million was credited against depreciation expense (six months ended June 30, 2019 - $12.7 million downward adjustment to the carrying value of stockpile inventory, of which $6.7 million was recorded as production costs and $6.0 million as depreciation expense).
All of the AGM's concessions are subject to a 5% gross revenue royalty payable to the Government of Ghana. The AGM's Akwasiso mining concession is also subject to an additional 2% net smelter return royalty payable to the previous owner of the mineral tenement, and the AGM's Esaase mining concession is also subject to an additional 0.5% net smelter return royalty payable to the Bonte Liquidation Committee.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
(iii) Inventories
The following is a summary of inventories held by the AGM, on a 100% basis, as at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | |
| Gold dore on hand | 10,020 | 2,804 |
| Gold-in-process | 1,123 | 1,726 |
| Ore stockpiles | 48,727 | 29,410 |
| Materials and spare parts | 20,734 | 18,679 |
| Total inventories | 80,604 | 52,619 |
| Less non-current inventories: | ||
| Ore stockpiles | (3,855) | (2,651) |
| Total current inventories | 76,749 | 49,968 |
As at December 31, 2019, $29.2 million of the impairment adjustment recognized as part of the AGM's LOM plan update was allocated to long-term stockpiled ore.
(iv) Reclamation deposit
The AGM is required to provide security to the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana ("EPA") for the performance by the AGM of its reclamation obligations in respect of the Abirem, Abore and Adubea mining leases. The initial security totaled $8.5 million and comprised a reclamation deposit in the amount of $1.7 million and a bank guarantee of $6.8 million, which was provided by the Company (note 10). The reclamation deposit accrues interest and is carried at $2.0 million as of June 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $1.9 million).
The AGM deposited the reclamation deposit in a Ghanaian Bank in the joint names of the AGM and the EPA. The reclamation deposit matures annually, but the AGM is required to reinstate the deposit until receiving a final reclamation completion certificate from the EPA. The AGM is expected to be released from this requirement 45 days following the third anniversary of the date that the AGM receives a final completion certificate.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
(v) Right-of-use assets
The following table shows the movement in the right-of-use asset related to mining contractor services agreements of the AGM for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Balance, beginning of period | 9,429 | - |
| Initial recognition of right-of-use assets upon adoption of IFRS 16 | - | 36,616 |
| Recognition of mining contractor services agreements entered into during the period | 5,604 | 10,502 |
| Depreciation expense | (3,786 | (17,255 |
| Derecognition associated with termination of contractor services agreement | (2,753 | (10,343 |
| Allocation of impairment (note 6(vi)) | - | (10,091 |
| Balance, end of period | 8,494 | 9,429 |
All values are in US Dollars.
As at June 30, 2020, the carrying value of right-of-use assets associated with mining contractor services agreements was $8.5 million (December 31, 2019 - $9.4 million), net of $1.3 million and $3.8 million of depreciation expense recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $3.2 million and $7.1 million of depreciation expense, respectively).
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, one of the AGM's mining contractor services agreements concluded earlier than the expected lease term. As a result, the carrying values of the right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with this mining contract were derecognized resulting in a gain of $3.7 million, which was recognized as a reduction to production costs during the period.
(vi) Mineral properties, plant and equipment
Additions to mineral properties, plant and equipment
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM capitalized $16.3 million and $22.2 million, respectively, in expenditures related to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E"), not including capitalized deferred stripping costs, asset retirement costs and right-of-use assets (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - additions of $7.3 million and $12.7 million, respectively).
Of the $16.3 million and $22.2 million capitalized to MPP&E during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, was capitalized exploration costs relating to properties with existing defined mineral reserves.
Deferred stripping
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM deferred a total of $2.7 million and $5.6 million, respectively, of stripping costs to depletable mineral interests (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - additions of $20.5 million and $23.4 million, respectively).
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
2019 Impairment
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the JV recorded an impairment of $289.6 million based on the estimate of the recoverable amount of the AGM, of which $260.4 million was allocated to MPP&E (refer to note 8 of the audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 for the assumptions made by the Company in estimating the recoverable amount).
Depreciation and depletion
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM recognized depreciation and depletion expense of $11.2 million (including $4.0 million depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets), while a further $4.5 million of depreciation was expensed that was previously capitalized to the cost of inventories (three months ended June 30, 2019 - depreciation and depletion expense of $16.3 million, which included $4.2 million of depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets, while a further $0.4 million of depreciation was expensed that was previously capitalized to the cost of inventories).
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM recognized depreciation and depletion expense of $30.9 million (including $14.9 million depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets), of which $5.2 million was allocated to the cost of inventories (six months ended June 30, 2019 - depreciation and depletion expense of $43.5 million, which included $14.5 million of depreciation and depletion on deferred stripping assets, of which $3.3 million was allocated to the cost of inventories).
(vii) Revolving credit facility
In October 2019, the JV entered into a $30.0 million revolving credit facility (the "RCF") with Rand Merchant Bank ("RMB"). The term of the RCF is three years, maturing in September 2022 and bears interest on a sliding scale of between LIBOR plus a margin of 4% and LIBOR plus a margin of 3.8%, depending on the security granted to RMB. Commitment fees in respect of any undrawn portion of the RCF will accrue on a similar sliding scale of between 1.33% and 1.40%. The JV utilized the full value of the RCF on March 30, 2020 and the balance of the RCF at the balance sheet date was $30.0 million (December 31, 2019 - $nil). During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM recognized interest expense and other fees associated with the RCF of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - nil for both periods presented).
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
(viii) Lease liability
The following table shows the movement in the lease liability related to mining contractor services agreements of the AGM for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| Balance, beginning of period | 23,205 | - |
| Initial recognition of lease liability upon adoption of IFRS 16 | - | 36,616 |
| Recognition of lease agreements entered into during the period | 5,604 | 10,502 |
| Lease payments made during the period | (10,251 | (15,386 |
| Interest expense recognized during the period | 487 | 1,817 |
| Derecognition associated with termination of mining contractor services agreement | (6,420 | (10,344 |
| Total lease liability, end of period | 12,625 | 23,205 |
| Less: current portion of lease liability | (12,057 | (18,142 |
| Total non-current portion of lease liability, end of period | 568 | 5,063 |
All values are in US Dollars.
(ix) Reclamation provision
The following table shows the movement in the asset retirement obligation of the AGM as at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| $ | ||
| Balance, beginning of period | 56,148 | 34,036 |
| Accretion expense | 250 | 903 |
| Change in obligation | 10,838 | 21,309 |
| Reclamation undertaken during the period | - | (100 |
| Balance, end of period | 67,236 | 56,148 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The decommissioning liability consists of reclamation and closure costs for the JV's Ghanaian mining properties. Reclamation and closure activities include land rehabilitation, dismantling of buildings and mine facilities, ongoing care and maintenance and other costs.
As at June 30, 2020, the AGM's reclamation cost estimates were discounted using a long-term risk-free discount rate of 0.71% (December 31, 2019 - 1.98%). The decrease in discount rate during the period resulted in the majority of the increase to the carrying value of the reclamation liability.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
6. Investment in Joint Venture (continued)
(x) Finance expense
The following is a summary of finance expenses incurred by the AGM JV during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Realized and unrealized losses on hedging instruments | - | (2,514 | - | (2,514 |
| Interest on lease liability | (192 | (402 | (487 | (918 |
| Accretion charges on asset retirement provisions | (114 | (212 | (250 | (430 |
| Interest and fees associated with RCF | (343 | - | (433 | - |
| Other | (26 | (20 | (52 | (35 |
| Total | (675 | (3,148 | (1,222 | (3,897 |
All values are in US Dollars.
(xi)The cash flows of the AGM, on a 100% basis, were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 |
| **** | ||||
| Cash provided by (used in): | ||||
| Operating cash flow before working capital changes | 44,269 | 35,335 | 100,787 | 45,800 |
| Operating activities | 48,829 | 20,545 | 85,799 | 29,365 |
| Investing activities | (22,579 | (13,890 | (27,882 | (23,775 |
| Financing activities | (33,941 | (219 | (53,722 | (4,355 |
| Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents | (37 | (79 | (122 | (201 |
| (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents during <br> the period | (7,728 | 6,357 | 4,073 | 1,034 |
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning <br> of period | 55,559 | 16,325 | 43,758 | 21,648 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 47,831 | 22,682 | 47,831 | 22,682 |
All values are in US Dollars.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
7. Right-of-use asset and lease liability
The Company entered into a lease agreement for corporate office space with an effective date of September 1, 2019. Upon obtaining the contractual right to use the new office space, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for the office space lease agreement in accordance with IFRS 16, amounting to $0.6 million. The following table shows the movement in the right-of-use asset related to corporate office space lease agreement for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Balance, beginning of period | 589 | - |
| Recognition of office space lease agreement entered into during the period | - | 624 |
| Depreciation expense for the period | (52 | (35 |
| Balance, end of period | 537 | 589 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The following table shows the movement in the lease liability related to corporate office space lease agreement for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Balance, beginning of period | 597 | - |
| Recognition of office space lease agreement entered into during the period | - | 624 |
| Lease payments made during the period | (58 | (39 |
| Interest expense recognized during the period | 18 | 12 |
| Total lease liability | 557 | 597 |
| Less: current lease liability | (83 | (83 |
| Total non-current lease liability | 474 | 514 |
All values are in US Dollars.
8. Share capital
(a) Authorized:
Unlimited common shares without par value or restrictions.
The Company was previously authorized to issue unlimited preferred shares without par value or restrictions. At the Company's Annual General and Special Meeting of Shareholders held on April 30, 2020, the Company's Notice of Articles was updated to remove preferred shares from the Company's capital structure.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
8. Share capital (continued)
(b) Issued and outstanding common shares
| Number of shares | Amount | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| **** | |||
| Balance, December 31, 2018 | 225,804,614 | 578,853 | |
| Issued pursuant to exercise of share-based options | 403,116 | 490 | |
| Shares repurchased and cancelled under normal course issuer bid | (1,108,920 | ) | (958 |
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | 225,098,810 | 578,385 | |
| Issued pursuant to exercise of share-based options (noted 9(a)) | 481,957 | 539 | |
| Shares repurchased and cancelled under normal course issuer bid (note 8(c)) | (2,758,063 | ) | (2,296 |
| Balance, June 30, 2020 | 222,822,704 | 576,628 |
All values are in US Dollars.
(c) Normal course issuer bid
The Company received approval from the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") to commence a normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") on November 15, 2019 to purchase up to 11,310,386 common shares, representing 5% of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares. Purchases pursuant to the NCIB will be made on the open market through the facilities of the TSX and NYSE American Stock Exchange ("NYSE American").
All common shares purchased by the Company under the NCIB will be purchased at the market price at the time of acquisition in accordance with the rules and policies of the TSX and NYSE American and applicable securities laws. All common shares acquired by the Company under the NCIB will be cancelled and purchases will be funded out of the Company' working capital. Although the Company has a present intention to acquire its common shares pursuant to the NCIB, the Company will not be obligated to make any purchases and purchases may be suspended by the Company at any time. The NCIB will terminate on November 14, 2020, or earlier if the maximum number of shares under the NCIB have been purchased. The Company reserves the right to terminate the NCIB earlier if it feels it is appropriate to do so.
In accordance with the rules of the TSX, the maximum daily purchases on the TSX under the NCIB will be 33,499 common shares, which is 25% of the average daily trading volume for the Company's common shares on the TSX for the six months ended October 31, 2019. In addition, maximum daily purchases under the NCIB on the NYSE American will be subject to Rule 10b-18 which specifies that daily purchases may not exceed 25% of average daily trading volume for the four weeks preceding such trading date. These maximum daily limits will apply to purchases on the respective markets, except where such purchases are made in accordance with "block purchases" exemptions under applicable TSX and NYSE American policies.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company repurchased for cancellation a total of 326,654 and 2,758,063 common shares under the NCIB program for $0.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - nil for both periods). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the weighted average acquisition price was $0.86 and $0.83 per share, respectively. Since the NCIB has been initiated, the Company has repurchased and cancelled a total of 3,866,983 common shares for $3.3 million, at a weighted average price of $0.84 per share.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
8. Share capital (continued)
(d) At-the-Market Offering ("ATM")
On June 25, 2020, the Company entered into an ATM agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co. and Cormark Securities (the "Agents"). Under the ATM agreement, the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the term of the ATM agreement, sell through the Agents common shares of the Company for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $50.0 million (the "Offering"). The Company expects to use any net proceeds of the Offering for general corporate and working capital requirements, including, but not limited to, funding ongoing exploration and operations at the Asanko Gold Mine, funding the Company's working capital requirements, repaying indebtedness outstanding from time to time, completing future acquisitions and/or for other corporate purposes.
Sales of common shares will be made through "at-the-market distributions" as defined in the Canadian Securities Administrators' National Instrument 44-102 - Shelf Distributions, including sales made directly on the NYSE American Stock Exchange ("NYSE American"), or any other recognized marketplace upon which the Company's common shares are listed or quoted or where the common shares are traded in the United States. No offers or sales of common shares will be made in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange or other trading markets in Canada. The Company will pay the Agents a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of common shares. The Company will determine, in its sole discretion, the date, price and number of common shares to be sold under the Offering, if any. Any common shares sold in the Offering will be distributed at market prices or prices related to prevailing market prices from time to time. The Company is not required to sell any common shares in the Offering at any time.
The Offering is being made by way of a prospectus supplement dated June 25, 2020 (the "Prospectus Supplement") to the Company's existing U.S. registration statement on Form F-10 (the "Registration Statement") and Canadian short form base shelf prospectus (the "Base Shelf Prospectus") each dated June 11, 2020. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the Offering has been filed with the securities commissions in each of the provinces and territories of Canada (other than Québec) and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The Prospectus Supplement and the Registration Statement are available on the SEC's website and the Prospectus Supplement (together with the related Base Shelf Prospectus) is available on the SEDAR website maintained by the Canadian Securities Administrators.
In addition, in connection with Gold Fields Limited's ("GF") existing pre-emptive right to maintain its 9.9% pro rata ownership interest in the Company, the Company has agreed to sell to GF, from time to time during the term of the Offering at GF's election, on a private basis, such number of common shares as represent 9.9% of the common shares issued under the Offering, if any.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company had not issued any common shares under the Offering.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
9. Equity reserves
(a) Share-based options
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company granted 536,000 and 4,088,000 stock options with weighted average exercise prices of C$1.53 and C$1.32 per option, respectively, to directors, officers and employees of the Company (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 300,000 and 3,581,000 stock options granted with weighted average exercise prices of C$0.86 and C$0.97 per option, respectively).
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, 1,130,000 and 4,938,625 stock options were cancelled, expired and/or forfeited with weighted average exercise prices of C$2.92 and C$1.99 per option, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 925,250 and 3,801,250 stock options cancelled and/or expired with weighted average exercise prices of C$2.09 per option, respectively).
Additionally, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, 481,957 stock options with a weighted average exercise price of C$1.06 were exercised by directors, officers and/or employees of the Company for total aggregate proceeds of $0.4 million (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - nil for both periods).
The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in share-based options for the period:
| Number of Options | Weighted average exercise price | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| **** | C$ | ||
| Balance, December 31, 2018 | 13,482,427 | 2.22 | |
| Granted | 3,803,700 | 0.99 | |
| Exercised | (403,116 | ) | 1.09 |
| Cancelled/Expired | (4,314,649 | ) | 2.07 |
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | 12,568,362 | 1.93 | |
| Granted | 4,088,000 | 1.32 | |
| Exercised | (481,957 | ) | 1.06 |
| Cancelled/Expired/Forfeited | (4,938,625 | ) | 1.99 |
| Balance, June 30, 2020 | 11,235,780 | 1.72 |
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized $0.3 million and $0.2 million of share-based payments expense relating to stock options, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively).
**** (b) Restricted Share Units ("RSU")
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company granted 219,400 and 2,154,700 RSUs, respectively, to directors, officers and employees of the Company (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 200,000 and 1,944,020 RSUs granted, respectively). For all RSUs granted during the period, the awards vest in three equal tranches over a service period of three years. Additionally, 45,000 and 158,334 RSUs were forfeited during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 61,640 RSUs forfeited for both periods presented).
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company also settled in cash 95,025 and 808,752 RSU awards, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 11,926 and 468,390 RSUs settled in cash, respectively).
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
9. Equity reserves (continued)
The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in the number of RSUs outstanding for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| Number of RSUs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||
| Balance, beginning of period | 2,243,255 | 1,455,180 | ||
| Granted | 2,154,700 | 2,024,553 | ||
| Settled in cash | (808,752 | ) | (481,622 | ) |
| Cancelled/Forfeited | (158,334 | ) | (754,856 | ) |
| Balance, end of period | 3,430,869 | 2,243,255 |
The RSUs granted are cash-settled awards and, therefore, represent a financial liability which is required to be marked-to-market at each reporting period-end with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense in relation to RSUs of $0.4 million and $0.7 million (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively).
As at June 30, 2020, the Company recognized a financial liability for cash-settled RSUs of $1.0 million (December 31, 2019 - $1.0 million). The financial liability associated with the cash-settled awards is recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, for amounts expected to be settled within one year, and a separate non-current liability for amounts to be settled in excess of one year.
The following table is a reconciliation of the movement in the RSU liability for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019:
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| **** | ||
| Balance, beginning of period | 1,001 | 541 |
| Awards vested during the period, net of cancelled/forfeited awards | 751 | 819 |
| Settled in cash during the period | (752 | (359 |
| Total RSU liability, end of period | 1,000 | 1,001 |
| Less: current portion of RSU liability | (689 | (585 |
| Total non-current RSU liability, end of period | 311 | 416 |
All values are in US Dollars.
At the Company's Annual General and Special Meeting of shareholders on April 30, 2020, the shareholders approved the Company's amended and restated Share Unit Plan dated April 30, 2020 (the "Share Unit Plan"). Under the Share Unit Plan, the Company is able to issue a combination of RSUs, performance share units ("PSUs") and deferred share units ("DSUs") up to 5% of the outstanding common shares of the Company, provided that the total number of stock options, RSUs, PSUs and DSUs do not exceed 9% of the Company's outstanding common shares. The Company's Board (at its sole discretion) may choose to settle future grants of RSUs, PSUs and DSUs in cash, equity or a combination thereof.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
10. Commitments and contingencies
Commitments
As at June 30, 2020, the Company had contractual obligations totaling $3.2 million (December 31, 2019 - $3.5 million).
The following table reflects the Company's contractual obligations as they fall due, excluding commitments and liabilities of the JV, as at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| Within<br>1 year | 1 - 5 years | Over<br>5 years | At June 30,<br>2020 | At December 31, <br>2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 1,827 | - | - | 1,827 | 1,649 |
| Long-term incentive plan (cash-settled <br> awards) | 689 | 311 | 1,000 | 1,001 | |
| Corporate office leases | 132 | 236 | 21 | 389 | 823 |
| Total | 2,648 | 547 | 21 | 3,216 | 3,473 |
In addition to the above commitments, the Company has provided a parent company guarantee on the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bond in the amount of $6.8 million.
Contingencies
Due to the nature of its business, the Company may be subject to regulatory investigations, claims, lawsuits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. While the Company cannot reasonably predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, and inherent uncertainties exist in predicting such outcomes, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or future results of operations.
11. General and administrative expenses
The following is a summary of general and administrative expenses incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The general and administrative expenses for the period presented include, but are not limited to, those expenses incurred in order to earn the service fee as operators of the JV (note 4).
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 |
| Wages, benefits and consulting | (1,894 | (2,279 | (3,626 | (4,247 |
| Office, rent and administration | (225 | (109 | (387 | (371 |
| Professional and legal | (398 | (160 | (524 | (179 |
| Share-based payments | (734 | (626 | (979 | (893 |
| Travel, marketing, investor relations and regulatory | (266 | (262 | (633 | (537 |
| Depreciation and other | (41 | (20 | (83 | (34 |
| Total | (3,558 | (3,456 | (6,232 | (6,261 |
All values are in US Dollars.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
12. Finance income
The following is a summary of finance income earned during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 |
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |
| Fair value adjustment on redeemable preference shares (note 5) | 2,516 | 2,075 | 5,166 | 4,514 |
| Accretion income on redeemable preference shares | - | 159 | - | 286 |
| Interest income and other | 162 | 53 | 325 | 236 |
| Total | 2,678 | 2,287 | 5,491 | 5,036 |
13. Income per share
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the calculation of basic and diluted income per share is based on the following data:
| Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Earnings () | |||
| Net income for the period | 6,107 | 36,500 | 793 |
| Number of shares | |||
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares - basic | 225,804,614 | 223,385,994 | 225,804,614 |
| Effect of dilutive share options | - | 723,921 | - |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares - diluted | 225,804,614 | 224,109,915 | 225,804,614 |
All values are in US Dollars.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, 600,603 and 1,175,658 share-based options outstanding, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares as they were determined to be anti-dilutive.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, 13,262,177 share-based options were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares as they were determined to be anti-dilutive.
14. Supplemental cash flow information
The following table summarizes the changes in non-cash working capital for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **** | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 |
| $ | ||||
| Receivables | 16 | (1,049 | 1,527 | 944 |
| Prepaid expenses | 189 | 40 | 110 | (65 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 473 | 633 | (620 | (1,390 |
| Change in non-cash working capital | 678 | (376 | 1,017 | (511 |
All values are in US Dollars.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated |
|---|
15. Segmented information
Geographic Information
As at June 30, 2020, the Company has only one reportable operating segment being the corporate function with its head office in Canada. However, prior to the JV Transaction, the Company had two reportable segments. Ghana was the Company's only segment with mining operations with Canada acting as a head office function. Total assets in Ghana include the Company's 45% interest in the Asanko Gold Mine JV.
Geographic allocation of total assets and liabilities
| June 30, 2020 | Canada | Ghana | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Current assets | 68,242 | - | 68,242 |
| Property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets | 626 | - | 626 |
| Other non-current assets | - | 110,572 | 110,572 |
| Total assets | 68,868 | 110,572 | 179,440 |
| Current liabilities | 2,599 | - | 2,599 |
| Non-current liabilities | 785 | - | 785 |
| Total liabilities | 3,384 | - | 3,384 |
| December 31, 2019 | Canada | Ghana | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Current assets | 35,800 | - | 35,800 |
| Property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets | 679 | - | 679 |
| Other non-current assets | - | 108,025 | 108,025 |
| Total assets | 36,479 | 108,025 | 144,504 |
| Current liabilities | 2,317 | - | 2,317 |
| Non-current liabilities | 930 | - | 930 |
| Total liabilities | 3,247 | - | 3,247 |
| GALIANO GOLD INC.(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br>NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019<br>Expressed in Thousands of United States Dollars unless otherwise stated | |||
| --- |
15. Segmented information (continued)
Geographic allocation of the Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income
For the three months ended:
| June 30, 2020 | Canada | Ghana | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Company's share of net earnings in JV | - | 14,347 | 14,347 |
| Net income before tax | 347 | 14,347 | 14,694 |
| Income tax expense | - | - | - |
| Net income after tax | 347 | 14,347 | 14,694 |
| June 30, 2019 | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **** | Canada | Ghana | Total |
| **** | $ | $ | |
| Company's share of net earnings in JV | - | 6,135 | 6,135 |
| Net income before tax | (28 | 6,135 | 6,107 |
| Income tax expense | - | - | - |
| Net income after tax | (28 | 6,135 | 6,107 |
All values are in US Dollars.
For the six months ended:
| June 30, 2020 | Canada | Ghana | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Company's share of net earnings in JV | - | 34,881 | 34,881 |
| Net income before tax | 1,619 | 34,881 | 36,500 |
| Income tax expense | - | - | - |
| Net income after tax | 1,619 | 34,881 | 36,500 |
| June 30, 2019 | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Canada | Ghana | Total | |
| **** | $ | ||
| Company's share of net loss in JV | - | (217 | (217 |
| Net income (loss) before tax | 1,010 | (217 | 793 |
| Income tax expense | - | - | - |
| Net income (loss) after tax | 1,010 | (217 | 793 |
All values are in US Dollars.
Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.2 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

GALIANO GOLD INC.
(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.^1^)
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
(Expressed in United States dollars)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| 1. Overview of the business | 2 |
|---|---|
| 2. Highlights and key business developments | 3-5 |
| 3. Results of the AGM | 5-18 |
| 4. Financial results of the Company | 19-20 |
| 5. Selected quarterly financial data | 21 |
| 6. Outlook | 22 |
| 7. Liquidity and capital resources | 23-26 |
| 8. Non-GAAP measures | 26-31 |
| 9. Summary of outstanding share data | 31 |
| 10. Related party transactions | 31 |
| 11. Critical accounting policies and estimates | 31-32 |
| 12. Risks and uncertainties | 32 |
| 13. Internal control | 33 |
| 14. Qualified person | 33 |
| 15. Cautionary statements | 33-38 |
^______________________________________1^ The Company's name was changed from "Asanko Gold Inc." to "Galiano Gold Inc." effective April 30, 2020.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
|---|
This Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") of Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") has been prepared by management as of July 28, 2020 and should be read in conjunction with the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and the notes related thereto.
Galiano was incorporated on September 23, 1999 under the Business Corporations Act of British Columbia, Canada. The Company changed its name from Asanko Gold Inc. to Galiano Gold Inc., following approval of the name change by the Company's shareholders at its Annual General and Special Meeting on April 30, 2020.
Additional information on the Company, including its most recent Annual Information Form ("AIF") is available under the Company's profile at www.sedar.com and the Company's website: www.galianogold.com.
Unless otherwise specified, all financial information has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. All dollar amounts herein are expressed in United States dollars ("US dollars") unless stated otherwise. References to $ means US dollars and C$ are to Canadian dollars.
This MD&A contains forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors described in sections "12. Risks and uncertainties" and "15. Cautionary statements" at the end of this MD&A.
1. Overview of the business
Galiano holds a 45% economic interest in the Asanko Gold Mine (the "AGM") and gold exploration tenements (collectively the "joint venture" or "JV") on both the Asankrangwa and Sefwi Gold Belts in the Republic of Ghana ("Ghana"), West Africa. Galiano is the operator of the joint venture and receives an annual service fee from the JV. Gold Fields own a 45% economic interest in the AGM JV, with the Government of Ghana owning a 10% free-carried interest.
Galiano's vision is to build a sustainable business capable of long-term value creation for its stakeholders through a combination of exploration, accretive M&A activities and the disciplined deployment of its financial resources. The Company's shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and the NYSE American ("NYSE") under the symbol "GAU".
The AGM is a multi-deposit complex, with two main deposits, Nkran and Esaase, multiple satellite deposits and a carbon-in-leach ("CIL") processing plant, with a current capacity of 5.4 million tonnes per annum ("Mtpa").
In conjunction with the Company's filing of a base shelf prospectus in Q2 2020, the Company filed an updated Life of Mine plan entitled National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report for the Asanko Gold Mine, Ghana (Amended and Restated) dated June 9, 2020 with information as of February 15, 2020 (the "2020 LOM Plan") . The report can be found on SEDAR, www.sedar.com, and on the Company's website at www.galianogold.com.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
|---|
2. Highlights and key business developments
Q2 2020 business developments include the following operating and financial results of the AGM on a 100% basis (unless otherwise stated).
COVID-19 Update
The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, isolating affected persons, rapid testing of personnel and transportation of infected personnel to Government run isolation facilities; additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected to be infected individuals limiting cross contamination. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM’s operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing two-week regulatory isolation. The Company’s Johannesburg office is currently closed and staff are working remotely as a number of personnel have tested positive for COVID-19, with some staff experiencing symptoms and, in one case, requiring hospitalization. The Company’s offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and, along with the Johannesburg team, continue to support the AGM’s operations.
The AGM has continued to build its supply chain and has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.
Operating highlights of the AGM (on a 100% basis)
- There were no lost-time injuries ("LTI") and one total recordable injury ("TRI") reported during the quarter. LTI frequency rate ("LTIFR") and TRI frequency rate ("TRIFR") per million employee hours worked were nil and 0.41, respectively, for the quarter.
- Record quarterly gold production of 69,026 ounces.
- Ore mined during Q2 2020 totaled 1.4Mt, at an average mined grade of 1.4 grams per tonne ("g/t") and a total strip ratio of 6.0.
- Mining at Nkran Cut 2 was completed during the quarter.
- Completed the initial drilling programs at Akwasiso and Abore with positive results showing extension of mineralization in both pits (see 3.4 "Development and exploration update").
- The processing plant delivered a record quarterly milling performance with throughput of 1.6Mt, at an average plant feed grade of 1.4 g/t. During Q2 2020, in order to align with a recent change in Gold Fields' production calendar, the period-end close was moved from the eighth calendar day prior to the quarter-end to a calendar period-end cut-off. As a result, Q2 2020 included an additional eight days of production. This is a once-off timing adjustment.
- Gold recovery of 94% continued to exceed design.
- The AGM incurred operating cash costs per ounce^1^ of $725, total cash costs per ounce^1^ of $807 and all-in sustaining cost^1^ ("AISC") of $1,067 per ounce in Q2 2020. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^1^ and AISC^1^ from Q1 2020 was primarily due to higher sustaining capital cost associated with raising the height of the AGM's tailings storage facility, while production costs in Q2 2020 did not benefit from the same positive net realizable value adjustments as did occur in Q1 2020. In addition, the AGM recorded lower gold sales volumes in Q2 2020 which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis. AISC^1^ was also higher in Q2 2020 due to higher royalty expense as a result of elevated gold prices and the impact of COVID-19, which impact was two-fold. Firstly, labour cost increased as the AGM requested employees to stay on-site for the majority of Q2 2020 in an attempt to prevent the spread of COVID-19 through restricted travel, resulting in an increase in overtime pay and pay in lieu of leave. Secondly, the AGM incurred increased cost transporting its bullion to the JV's primary refiner in South Africa during a time that Ghana restricted cross-border commercial travel.
^______________________________________1^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
|---|
- The AGM year-to-date AISC^1^ of $929 per ounce is well below the bottom end of full year guidance of $1,000 - $1,100 per ounce. The Company expects Q3 2020 cost performance to be significantly higher than the top end of the Company's full year guidance driven by a ramp-up in sustaining capital expenditures associated with the raise of the AGM's tailings storage facility, as well as ongoing stripping costs at Esaase Main and Akwasiso as the AGM transitions to a production mix excluding the higher-grade Nkran material. The company maintains full year production and cost guidance of 225,000 and 245,000 ounces at AISC^1^ of $1,000 to $1,100 per ounce.
Financial highlights of the AGM (on a 100% basis)
The following financial information includes the operating and financial results of the AGM on a 100% basis (unless otherwise stated).
- Q2 2020 gold sales of 61,357 ounces generated $101.3 million of gold sales proceeds at an average realized gold price of $1,651 per ounce, an increase of $15.7 million from Q2 2019. The gold sales volume for Q2 2020 represented an 8% decrease relative to Q2 2019 due to one less shipment in Q2 2020. Revenue for Q2 2020 amounted to $101.5 million and included by-product sales of $0.2 million.
- Total cost of sales (including depreciation and depletion and royalties) amounted to $65.7 million in Q2 2020, an increase of $0.7 million from Q2 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily due to higher operating cash costs (refer to discussion in section 3.1(d)) and royalties expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019. These factors were partly offset by a decrease in gold ounces sold in Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019, a reduction in depreciation and depletion expense following the impairment recorded in Q4 2019 , and the recording of a $3.6 million net gain on the derecognition of a lease liability and associated right-of-use asset upon the early conclusion of a mining contractor services agreement.
- Income from mine operations amounted to $35.9 million in Q2 2020, compared to $20.8 million in Q2 2019. The improvement in income from mine operations was due to an increase in realized gold prices from $1,290/oz to $1,651/oz and a reduction in depreciation expense, partially offset by the impact of higher operating cash costs and lower gold sales volumes.
- The JV's income from operations amounted to $32.0 million for the quarter, compared to $18.4 million in Q2 2019. The improvement in income from operations was due to an increase in mine operating income, partly offset by increased exploration and evaluation expenditures and general and administrative expenses in Q2 2020.
- Net income after tax for the quarter totaled $31.9 million compared to $13.6 million in Q2 2019. The improvement in net income was due to the above mentioned increase in income from operations and the fact that in Q2 2019 the AGM recognized a $2.5 million mark-to-market loss on gold hedging instruments.
- The AGM reported Adjusted EBITDA^1^ of $44.5 million in Q2 2020 compared to $31.2 million in Q2 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA^1^ was primarily driven by an increase in realized gold prices. This was partially offset by an increase in total cash costs^1^ from $724/oz in Q2 2019 to $807oz in Q2 2020, the impact of lower gold sales volumes and higher exploration and evaluation expenditures.
- The AGM generated $48.8 million of cash flows from operating activities (after taking into account favorable working capital changes of $4.6 million) and free cash flow^1^ of $22.6 million during Q2 2020. This compares to $20.5 million of cash flows from operating activities and $2.6 million of free cash flow^1^ during Q2 2019. The improvement in free cash flow^1^ was the result of a $14.1 million increase in income from operations (excluding depreciation and depletion) and a $19.4 million favorable decrease in cash invested in non-cash working capital when comparing Q2 2020 to Q2 2019. These factors were partly offset by an $8.7 million increase in cash flows associated with capital expenditure from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 relating to the raise of the tailings storage facility as well as the Tetrem village relocation project.
- During Q2 2020, the JV continued returning invested capital to the JV partners, with distributions totaling $30.0 million ($15.0 million to the Company's benefit). The JV has distributed $95.0 million to the JV partners ($47.5 million to the Company) since it commenced distributions in Q4 2019.
^______________________________________1^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- As at June 30, 2020, the JV had cash on hand of $47.8 million and $10.0 million in gold on hand with the RMB revolving credit facility of $30.0 million fully drawn.
Key consolidated financial information of the Company
The following financial information comprises the consolidated results of the Company for Q2 2020:
- The Company reported net income after tax of $14.7 million in Q2 2020 compared to net income of $6.1 million in Q2 2019. The improvement in earnings during Q2 2020 was predominantly the result of an increase in the Company's 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV which totaled $14.3 million for the quarter.
- Adjusted EBITDA^1^ for Q2 2020 amounted to $18.5 million, compared to $12.4 million in Q2 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA^1^ was primarily a result of the increase in the Company's interest in the AGM's net earnings.
- The Company continued to return capital to shareholders through its normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") program. During Q2 2020, the Company repurchased and cancelled a total of 326,654 common shares under the NCIB program for $0.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.86 per share).
- During the quarter, the Company received $15.0 million in distributions from the JV. These payments were recorded as redemptions of the previously recognized preference shares.
- Cash used in operating activities in Q2 2020 was $1.0 million, compared to $2.1 million in Q2 2019. The decrease in cash used in operations was due to cash inflows associated with working capital changes during Q2 2020.
- The Company's balance sheet continued to strengthen with cash on hand of $64.9 million and $3.0 million in receivables, while the Company remains debt-free.
- On June 25, 2020, the Company entered into an At-the-Market ("ATM") agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co. and Cormark Securities (the "Agents"). Under the ATM agreement, the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the term of the ATM agreement, sell through the Agents common shares of the Company for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $50.0 million (the "ATM Offering"). The ATM Offering is an additional tool to augment the Company's capital needs as and when required, providing added financial flexibility to continue to build a sustainable business that creates value for all stakeholders. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company had not issued any common shares under the Offering.
- The Company published its 2019 Sustainability Report on July 17, 2020.
3. Results of the AGM
All results of the AGM in this section are on a 100% basis, unless otherwise noted. The Company's attributable economic interest in the AGM is 45%.
3.1 Operating performance
The following table and subsequent discussion provide a summary of the operating performance of the AGM (on a 100% basis) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, unless otherwise noted. Q2 2020 results include an extra eight days of production due to a change in the AGM's period-end calendar in order to align with a recent change in Gold Fields' reporting calendar. The AGM's period-end calendar now coincides with the final day of the quarter-end month.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Key mine performance data of the AGM (100% basis) | ||||
| Ore tonnes mined (000 t) | 1,361 | 1,056 | 3,271 | 2,561 |
| Waste tonnes mined (000 t) | 8,128 | 7,808 | 15,178 | 14,392 |
| Total tonnes mined (000 t) | 9,489 | 8,864 | 18,449 | 16,953 |
| Strip ratio (W:O) | 6.0 | 7.4 | 4.6 | 5.6 |
| Average gold grade mined (g/t) | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Mining cost ($/t mined)^2^ | 3.59 | 4.36 | 3.74 | 4.42 |
| Ore tonnes milled (000 t) | 1,638 | 1,375 | 3,038 | 2,599 |
| Average mill head grade (g/t) | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Average recovery rate (%) | 94% | 93% | 94% | 93% |
| Processing cost ($/t treated) | 9.77 | 10.60 | 10.40 | 11.23 |
| Gold produced (ounces) | 69,026 | 62,067 | 135,359 | 122,492 |
| Gold sold (ounces) | 61,357 | 66,337 | 129,177 | 119,758 |
| Silver produced (ounces) | 13,325 | 11,867 | 26,321 | 21,794 |
| Silver sold (ounces) | 12,995 | 10,965 | 25,934 | 24,975 |
| Operating cash costs ($ per gold ounce)^1^ | 725 | 660 | 659 | 757 |
| Total cash costs ($ per gold ounce)^1^ | 807 | 724 | 738 | 822 |
| All-in sustaining costs ($ per gold ounce)^1^ | 1,067 | 1,180 | 929 | 1,155 |
^2^ For the six months ended June 30, 2019, mining cost per tonne excluded a provision for a one-time contract termination fee.
a) Health and Safety
There were no LTIs and one TRI reported during the quarter. The AGM's LTIFR and TRIFR for the three months ended June 30, 2020 amounted to nil and 0.41 per million employee hours worked, respectively.
b) Community Engagement and Environment
The JV supports a number of socio-economic development programs in its stakeholder communities. Current efforts in 2020 has seen the completion of training and the development of an operational manual for the Board of Trustees overseeing a local foundation which will complement existing community investment programs. In addition, a needs assessment and project solicitation process has been conducted in the JV's stakeholder communities, identifying needs related to a community center, electrical supply, teacher's quarters etc. The JV is also supporting the development of a new hospital at Esaase and construction is 70% complete. Collaboration is underway with an international nonprofit organization to support the supply of hospital beds and equipment, while a donation of medicines and supplies is underway through a continued partnership with Health Partners International of Canada and a list of needs from the various beneficiary local medical facilities has been organized. As the COVID-19 situation in the stakeholder communities continues to evolve, the Company has undertaken a proactive approach to support these communities. This includes working closely with the regional health care providers and donating hygiene and personal protective equipment for 22 senior and junior high schools. This is being done to help prevent the spread of the virus for those students attending classes so they can complete their respective academic activities for the year.
The Company has various feedback mechanisms in place at the AGM and the stakeholder communities which enable the JV's workforce, local residents, other groups and individuals to come forward to raise issues of concerns. These concerns are then fully investigated by the JV and subsequently addressed.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The AGM became a signatory to the International Cyanide Management Code for the Manufacture, Transport and Use of Cyanide in the Production of Gold during Q2 2020, and will be undertaking an external certification audit. The JV has commenced its community plastic recycling program and waste segregation on-site has commenced. An Environmental Protection Agency-licensed plastic waste recycling company has been selected to coordinate pick-ups at the AGM and stakeholder communities. A greenhouse gas baseline audit was completed earlier this year, allowing the JV to continuously strive to improve energy efficiency at the AGM.
The Company published its 2019 annual sustainability report on July 17, 2020. This report summarized the JV's performance highlights in the areas of health and safety, environmental stewardship, climate change adaptation, governance, human rights, contributing to community, our people, and stakeholder engagement. The report outlines the JV's sustainability goals at the AGM for 2020, some of which may be impacted by COVID-19. The report is available on the Company's website at www.galianogold.com and has also been distributed electronically to local and national stakeholders in Ghana.
c) Mining
During the quarter, the AGM sourced ore from the Nkran, Akwasiso and Esaase pits, as well as run-of-mine ("ROM") stockpiles. During the quarter, 0.5Mt of ore and 0.3Mt of waste were mined from the Nkran pit at a gold grade of 1.4g/t. Cut 2 at Nkran has been depleted and the mining contractor has demobilized. Infill drilling has since commenced at the Nkran pit to infill the resource model for Cut 3 and beyond with very promising initial results.
In Q2 2020 the Esaase pits (Main and South) collectively delivered 0.6Mt of ore at a gold grade of 1.4g/t and a strip ratio of 8.8:1. Operations at Esaase will continue to mine oxides with the goal of achieving an optimal fresh to oxide ore blend delivered to the SAG mill.
Operations on Cut 2 at Akwasiso continued during the quarter with mining activities focused on waste stripping (a total of 2.3Mt waste tonnes mined). Akwasiso contributed 0.2Mt of ore during the quarter at a gold grade of 1.4 g/t and is expected to contribute approximately 30% of the planned ore tonnes for the remainder of 2020.
Going forward, the mine plan for the balance of 2020 will source ore primarily from Esaase and Akwasiso, while mill feed will be augmented, where necessary, with run-of-mine stockpile material.
Mining cost per tonne for Q2 2020 was $3.59 compared to $4.36 during Q2 2019, a decrease of 18%. The lower mining cost per tonne in Q2 2020 was predominantly due to volume differences as higher total tonnes mined during Q2 2020 had the effect of decreasing fixed mining cost on a per unit basis. As well, a higher proportion of mined tonnes were sourced from Esaase (as opposed to Nkran in Q2 2019), which attracts a lower relative unit cost. The lower mining cost per tonne in Q2 2020 was also due to a reduction in fuel and other supply surcharges from mining contractors.
d) Processing
The AGM produced a record 69,026 ounces of gold during the second quarter of 2020, as the processing plant achieved a record quarterly milling throughput of 1.6Mt ore processed at a grade of 1.4g/t and metallurgical recovery averaging 94%.
Processing cost per tonne for Q2 2020 was $9.77 compared to $10.60 during Q2 2019, a decrease of 8%. The improvement in processing cost per tonne was predominantly due to the positive volume variance as the higher throughput during Q2 2020 had the effect of decreasing fixed processing costs on a per unit basis. The higher throughput during Q2 2020 relative to Q2 2019 was partly due to the increase in oxide tonnes within the plant's feed blend, following the ramp-up in mining at Esaase after Q1 2019, and also due to the reporting period including eight additional processing days due to the change to a calendar month-end cut-off date. Additionally, during Q2 2020, the Government of Ghana provided rate reductions on electricity in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced the AGM's power costs for the quarter. These factors were partly offset by an increase during Q2 2020 in cyanide prices.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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e) Total cash costs and AISC (for the AGM on a 100% basis)
For the three months ended June 30, 2020, total cash costs per ounce^1^ was $807/oz, compared to total cash costs per ounce during the three months ended June 30, 2019 of $724/oz. Total cash costs were higher in Q2 2020 relative to Q2 2019 due to the impact of lower gold sales volumes (13 shipments in Q2 2020 compared to 14 shipments in Q2 2019) which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis and an increase in ore transportation costs associated with trucking ore from Esaase to the process plant ($20/oz increase for the quarter). In addition, total cash cost per ounce^1^ was impacted by an NRV adjustment to long-term stockpile inventory recorded in Q2 2020, the cash cost component of which represented an increase in production costs of $1.2 million; whereas, in Q2 2019, a reversal of previously recognized NRV adjustments was recorded with $1.3 million credited to production costs. Total cash costs per ounce^1^ was also higher due to the impact of COVID-19. Firstly, labour cost increased as the AGM requested employees to stay on-site for the majority of Q2 2020 in an attempt to prevent the spread of COVID-19 through restricted travel, resulting in an increase in overtime pay and pay in lieu of leave. Secondly, the AGM incurred increased cost transporting its bullion to the JV's primary refiner in South Africa during a time that Ghana restricted cross-border commercial travel. Total cash costs per ounce^1^ was also impacted by a higher royalty expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019. These factors were partly offset by a one-time $3.7 million net gain recorded in Q2 2020 on the derecognition of the lease liability and associated right-of-use asset upon the early conclusion of the Nkran mining contractor's agreement coinciding with the depletion of Nkran Cut 2.
Relative to Q1 2020, total cash costs per ounce^1^ were higher in Q2 2020, increasing by 19% from $676 to $807. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^1^ from Q1 2020 was primarily due to the impact of lower gold sales volumes (13 shipments in Q2 2020 compared to 14 shipments in Q1 2020) which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis. Additionally, an NRV adjustment on long-term stockpiled inventory in Q2 2020 resulted in an increase to production costs of $1.2 million ($20/oz increase) whereas, in Q1 2020, the AGM recognized a $7.7 million reduction to production costs associated with the reversal of previously recognized NRV adjustments on stockpile inventory ($113/oz decrease). During Q2 2020, the JV also incurred incremental cash costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic as described earlier. These factors were partly offset by the impact of the one-time $3.7 million net gain recorded in Q2 2020 on the derecognition of the lease liability and associated right-of-use asset upon the early conclusion of the Nkran mining contractor's agreement.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, AlSC^1^for the AGM amounted to $1,067/oz and $929/oz, respectively, compared to AISC^1^ of $1,180/oz and $1,155/oz for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. The decrease in AlSC^1^from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 was predominantly due to a $258/oz decrease in deferred stripping costs. This was partly offset by a $54/oz increase in sustaining capital expenditures (relating to raising the height of the tailings storage facility), the impact of lower gold sales volumes in Q2 2020 which had the effect of increasing fixed costs on a per unit basis and the previously described higher total cash costs per ounce^1^ in Q2 2020 (increase of $83/oz).
Relative to Q1 2020, AlSC^1^for Q2 2020 increased from $805/oz to $1,067/oz, an increase of 33%. Total cash costs per ounce^1^ were $131/oz higher in Q2 2020, while sustaining capital expenditures increased by $101/oz as the AGM raised the height of the its tailings storage facility and the impact of capitalized stripping costs increased by $37/oz in Q2 2020 due to the sequencing of operations. AISC^1^ was also negatively impacted by lower gold sales volumes in Q2 2020 which had the effect of increasing fixed costs on a per unit basis.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM incurred non-sustaining capital and exploration expenditures of $14.6 million and $19.8 million, respectively, compared to $4.4 million and $9.6 million during the comparative periods in 2019, respectively. Non-sustaining expenditures during Q2 2020 were comprised primarily of $2.1 million of exploration expense predominately associated with a drilling program at Abore and mineral rights fee accruals, as well as $12.5 million of development capital, which included costs associated with the resettlement of the Tetrem village near Esaase.
^______________________________________1^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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3.2 Selected financial results of the AGM
The following tables present excerpts of the financial results of the JV for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. These results are presented on a 100% basis. For a complete income statement of the JV, refer to note 6 of the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
Three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars) | ||||
| Revenue | 101,539 | 85,715 | 206,313 | 152,730 |
| Cost of sales: | ||||
| Production costs | (44,856 | (43,968 | (86,060 | (95,931 |
| Depreciation and depletion | (15,732 | (16,668 | (25,683 | (40,175 |
| Royalties | (5,077 | (4,285 | (10,316 | (7,747 |
| Income from mine operations | 35,874 | 20,794 | 84,254 | 8,877 |
| Exploration and evaluation expenditures | (2,120 | (896 | (3,805 | (1,435 |
| Finance expense | (675 | (3,148 | (1,222 | (3,897 |
| Net income after tax for the period | 31,899 | 15,458 | 77,546 | 1,342 |
| Income tax expense | - | (1,823 | - | (1,823 |
| Net income (loss) after tax for the period | 31,899 | 13,635 | 77,546 | (481 |
| Average realized price per gold ounce sold ($) | 1,651 | 1,290 | 1,594 | 1,291 |
| Average London PM fix ($) | 1,711 | 1,309 | 1,645 | 1,307 |
| All-in sustaining costs ($ per gold ounce)^1^ | 1,067 | 1,180 | 929 | 1,155 |
| All-in sustaining margin ($ per gold ounce)^1^ | 584 | 110 | 665 | 136 |
| All-in sustaining margin ($'000)^1^ | 35,832 | 7,297 | 85,903 | 16,287 |
All values are in US Dollars.
Revenue
During Q2 2020, the AGM sold 61,357 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,651/oz for total revenue of $101.5 million (including $0.2 million of by-product revenue). During Q2 2019, the AGM sold 66,337 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,290/oz for total revenue of $85.7 million (including $0.2 million of by-product revenue). The increase in revenues quarter-on-quarter was therefore a function of the 28% improvement in average realized gold prices, partly offset by an 8% decrease in sales volumes in Q2 2020.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM sold 129,117 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,594/oz for total proceeds of $206.3 million (including $0.4 million of by-product revenue). In the comparative period of 2019, the AGM sold 119,758 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,291/oz for total revenue of $154.6 million (including $0.4 million of by-product revenue and presented net of $2.2 million of gold sales related to pre-production activities that were capitalized to mineral properties, plant and equipment ("MPP&E")). The increase in revenues during 2020 was therefore a function of a 23% improvement in average realized gold prices and 8% increase in sales volumes.
^______________________________________1^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The AGM continues to sell all the gold it produces to Red Kite under an offtake agreement. The terms of the offtake agreement require the AGM to sell 100% of its gold production up to a maximum of 2.2 million ounces to Red Kite. As of June 30, 2020, 968,550 ounces have been delivered to Red Kite under the offtake agreement (December 31, 2019 - 839,373 ounces).
Production costs and royalties
During Q2 2020, the AGM incurred production costs of $44.9 million, compared to $44.0 million in Q2 2019. Production costs were higher in Q2 2020 due to higher total cash costs per ounce^1^, which included an NRV adjustment to long-term stockpile inventory which resulted in $1.2 million being charged to production costs; whereas, in Q2 2019, a $7.7 million credit was recorded to production costs due to a reversal of previously recognized NRV adjustments on stockpile inventory. During Q2 2020, the JV also incurred incremental labour costs due to due to the impact of COVID-19 as previously described in this MD&A. These factors were partly offset by lower sales volumes in Q2 2020 and the recording of a one-time $3.7 million gain in Q2 2020 on the derecognition of a mining contractor services lease agreement.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM incurred production costs of $86.1 million, compared to $95.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. Production costs in 2020 were lower than 2019 due lower total cast costs per ounce^1^ and the recording of the above mentioned gain on derecognition of a mining contractor services lease agreement. These factors were^^partly offset by higher sales volumes in 2020 and increased labour and bullion transportation costs due to COVID-19 as discussed previously.
Production costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 were reported net of stripping costs of $2.7 million and $5.6 million (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $20.5 million and $23.4 million, respectively). Stripping costs are deferred to mineral properties in accordance with the AGM's accounting policy for stripping costs. To the extent that excess waste is mined during the period in an identified component of the mine, as compared to the expected waste (based on the component-specific stripping ratio), a portion of costs are deferred to mineral properties.
The Ghanaian government charges a 5% royalty on revenues earned through sales of minerals from the AGM concessions. The AGM's Akwasiso mining concession is also subject to a 2% net smelter return royalty payable to the previous owner of the mineral tenement; additionally, the AGM's Esaase concession is also subject to a 0.5% net smelter return royalty payable to the Bonte Liquidation Committee. Royalties are presented as a component of cost of sales and amounted to $5.1 million and $10.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $4.3 million and $7.7 million, respectively). Royalty expense was higher in 2020 due to higher earned revenues.
Depletion and depreciation
Depreciation and depletion expense for Q2 2020 amounted to $15.7 million (including $4.0 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping cost) as a result of 1.4Mt of ore mined during the quarter, including $4.5 million of depreciation that was previously capitalized to the cost of stockpiled inventories but expensed during the period as the AGM drew down on it stockpiles. This compares to depreciation and depletion of $16.7 million for Q2 2019 (including $4.2 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping costs) when 1.1Mt of ore was mined during the comparative period, including $0.4 million of depreciation that was expensed in Q2 2019 after it was previously capitalized to the cost of inventories. Depreciation and depletion expense decreased from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 due to the recording of a $289.6 million impairment as at December 31, 2019 (associated with the AGM's Life of Mine plan update), of which $260.4 million was allocated to MPP&E and had the effect of reducing the depreciable asset cost base. This was partly offset by a reduction in the global gold mineral reserves of the AGM (associated with the 2020 LOM Plan), resulting in a decrease in the total gold mineral reserves over which the MPP&E asset cost base is depreciated, as well as the 29% increase in ore tonnes mined from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020.
Depreciation and depletion expense for the six months ended June 30, 2020 amounted to $30.9 million, including $14.9 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping cost, as a result of 3.3Mt of ore mined during the period. Of this total depreciation and depletion expense, $5.2 million was allocated to the cost of inventories. This compares to depreciation and depletion of $43.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which included $14.5 million of depletion associated with previously capitalized deferred stripping cost and was based on 2.6Mt of ore mined during the comparative period, while $3.3 million of depreciation expense was allocated to the cost of inventories. The decrease in depreciation expense from 2019 to 2020 was primarily due to the recording of a $289.6 million impairment as at December 31, 2019, partly offset by a reduction in the global gold mineral reserves of the AGM (as discussed above) and a 28% increase in ore tonnes mined from 2019 to 2020.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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Exploration and evaluation expenditures
During Q2 2020, the AGM incurred $2.1 million on exploration and evaluation ("E&E") expenditures compared to $0.9 million in Q2 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM incurred E&E expenditures of $3.8 million compared to $1.4 million in the comparative period of 2019.
The increase in E&E expenditures for both periods was primarily related to drilling programs in line with the Company's exploration strategy (see 3.4 "Development and exploration update").
Finance expense
The following is a summary of finance expenses incurred by the AGM JV during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in thousands of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Mark-to-market adjustments on gold collars | - | (2,514 | ) | - | (2,514 | ) | ||
| Interest on lease liabilities | (192 | ) | (402 | ) | (487 | ) | (918 | ) |
| Accretion charges on asset retirement provisions | (114 | ) | (212 | ) | (250 | ) | (430 | ) |
| Interest and fees associated with revolving credit facility | (343 | ) | - | (433 | ) | - | ||
| Other | (26 | ) | (20 | ) | (52 | ) | (35 | ) |
| Total finance expense | (675 | ) | (3,148 | ) | (1,222 | ) | (3,897 | ) |
Finance expense in Q2 2020 decreased by $2.5 million compared to Q2 2019 because Q2 2019 included a $2.5 million mark-to-market adjustment on gold hedging instruments. All of the AGM's gold hedges matured at the end of 2019 and as a result no mark-to-market adjustments were recorded in 2020. There was also a decrease in interest expense on IFRS 16 mining contractor lease liabilities due to the unwinding of interest over the lease term ($0.2 million decrease). This was partly offset by a $0.3 million of costs associated with the AGM's $30.0 million Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF") that was fully drawn at the end of Q1 2020.
For the six months ended June 30, 2020, finance expense decreased by $2.7 million compared to the comparative period in 2019. The reduction in finance expense was primarily due to the fact that the 2019 period included the mark-to-market adjustment on gold hedging instruments. Interest expense on lease liabilities also reduced by $0.4 million. This was partly offset by a $0.4 million increase in interest expense and standby charges associated with the AGM's RCF.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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3.3 Cash flow results of the AGM
The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the AGM on a 100% basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGM 100% Basis (in thousands of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Cash provided by (used in): | ||||||||
| Operating cash flows before working capital changes | 44,269 | 35,335 | 100,787 | 45,800 | ||||
| Operating activities | 48,829 | 20,545 | 85,799 | 29,365 | ||||
| Investing activities | (22,579 | ) | (13,890 | ) | (27,882 | ) | (23,775 | ) |
| Financing activities | (33,941 | ) | (219 | ) | (53,722 | ) | (4,355 | ) |
| Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents | (37 | ) | (79 | ) | (122 | ) | (201 | ) |
| (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents during<br> the period | (7,728 | ) | 6,357 | 4,073 | 1,034 | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning<br> of period | 55,559 | 16,325 | 43,758 | 21,648 | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 47,831 | 22,682 | 47,831 | 22,682 |
Cash flows from operating activities
During Q2 2020, the AGM generated cash flows from operations of $48.8 million, comprising cash inflows before working capital changes of $44.3 million and additional inflows from non-cash working capital changes of $4.6 million. Cash inflows from non-cash working capital changes of $4.6 million were primarily the result of a $16.3 million decrease in trade and VAT receivables and $0.2 million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. These factors were partly offset by a $9.4 million increase in inventories and $2.5 million increase in prepaid expenses and deposits.
The increase in operating cash flows in Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019 was primarily a result of higher mine operating earnings (excluding depreciation expense) and an improvement in non-cash working capital relating to the collection of trade and VAT receivables.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM generated cash flows from operations of $85.8 million, comprising cash inflows before working capital changes of $100.8 million, partly offset by cash outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $15.0 million. Cash outflows from non-cash working capital changes of $15.0 million were primarily the result of a $22.9 million increase in inventories and $7.9 million increase in prepaid expenses and deposits (associated with securing 6-months' supply of the JV's critical consumables in response to COVID-19). These factors were partly offset by a $9.8 million decrease in trade and VAT receivables and $6.0 increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
The increase in operating cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily a result of higher mine operating earnings (excluding depreciation expense) and the collection of trade and VAT receivables, which were partly offset by cash absorbed in inventories and prepaid expenses (associated with securing 6-months' supply of the JV's critical consumables in response to COVID-19).
Cash used in investing activities
During Q2 2020, the AGM invested $22.7 million in additions to MPP&E. The total cash expenditure on MPP&E during the quarter included $3.1 million relating to the capitalization of deferred stripping costs ($2.7 million in deferred stripping additions plus a $0.4 million decrease in payables associated with stripping costs), $7.0 million in sustaining capital, $10.7 million in development capital and $1.9 million in exploration costs relating to tenements with defined mineral reserves (Abore and Akwasiso). Sustaining capital related primarily to raising the height of the tailings storage facility, while development capital related primarily to the Tetrem village relocation near Esaase.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The increase in cash flows invested in MPP&E from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 was primarily due to higher development capital related to the Tetrem village relocation ($8.1 million increase), higher sustaining capital expenditures relating to raising the height of the tailings storage facility ($3.4 million increase) and exploration drill programs on Abore and Akwasiso. These factors were partly offset by lower capitalized stripping costs ($5.5 million decrease).
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the AGM invested $27.9 million in additions to MPP&E. The total cash expenditure on MPP&E during the quarter included $4.1 million relating to the capitalization of deferred stripping costs ($5.6 million in deferred stripping additions less a $1.5 million increase in payables relating to stripping costs), $8.0 million in sustaining capital, $13.4 million in development capital and $2.4 million in exploration costs relating to tenements with defined mineral reserves (Abore and Akwasiso). Sustaining capital related primarily to raising the height of the tailings storage facility, while development capital related primarily to the Tetrem village relocation near Esaase.
The increase in cash flows invested in MPP&E for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was primarily due to higher development capital related to the Tetrem village relocation ($9.3 million increase), higher sustaining capital expenditures relating to raising the height of the tailings storage facility ($2.8 million increase) and exploration drill programs on Abore and Akwasiso. These factors were partly offset by lower capitalized stripping costs ($7.4 million decrease) as the western portion of the Cut 2 pushback at Nkran began in Q1 2019 (and completed in Q4 2019).
Cash used in financing activities
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $33.9 million and $53.7 million of cash used in financing activities related primarily to distributions totaling $75.0 million to the JV partners ($22.5 million distributed in Q1 2020 and $15.0 million distributed in Q2 2020 to each JV partner), which was partly offset by the utilization of the $30.0 million RCF in Q1 2020.
During the first quarter of 2020, the joint venture undertook the proactive step to drawdown the RCF in light of the current economic uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. While the JV's healthy liquidity position did not necessitate the utilization of the credit facility, the Company determined that this was a prudent step to take to further strengthen the robust financial position during these uncertain times. The JV expects to repay the RCF in full within twelve months of the balance sheet date. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, financing activities included cash outflows of $0.3 million for both periods relating to the payment of interest and standby fees on the RCF.
Financing activities also included $3.7 million and $8.4 million in cash outflows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 relating to the JV's mining contractors which are required to be presented within financing activities as principal and interest payments associated with leases contained within the JV's mining contractor services agreements. Note that as of June 30, 2020, there were $2.9 million in payables relating to the JV's aforementioned mining contractors (December 31, 2019 - $3.7 million).
The increase in cash flows used in financing activities from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 related to the preferred share distributions to the JV partners totaling $30.0 million.
The increase in cash flows used in financing activities from the 2019 period to 2020 period related to the preferred share distributions to the JV partners totaling $75.0 million, partly offset by the $30.0 million drawdown on the JV's debt facility.
Liquidity position
As at June 30, 2020, the JV held cash and cash equivalents of $47.8 million and $10.0 million in gold on hand. This compares to December 31, 2019 when the JV held $43.8 million in cash and cash equivalents ($3.0 million of which was restricted in favour of a gold hedging counterparty and released on January 3, 2020), $9.1 million in receivables from gold sales and $2.8 million in gold on hand.
In October 2019, the JV entered into a $30.0 million RCF with Rand Merchant Bank ("RMB"). The term of the RCF is three years, maturing in September 2022 and bears interest on a sliding scale of between LIBOR plus a margin of 4% and LIBOR plus a margin of 3.8%, depending on security granted to RMB. Commitment fees in respect of the undrawn portion of the RCF are on a similar sliding scale of between 1.40% and 1.33%. As at June 30, 2020, the balance drawn under the RCF was $30.0 million (December 31, 2019 - $nil). The JV expects to repay the RCF in full within twelve months of the balance sheet date.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The Company does not control the funds of the JV. The liquidity of the Company is further discussed in section "7. Liquidity and capital resources."
3.4 Development and exploration update
The following discussion relates to the AGM's current and planned development activities (on a 100% basis), as well as the exploration work performed during the period on tenements held within the JV's land package.
a) Development of the Esaase Deposit
Mining activities at Esaase expanded to night shift operations in April 2020. Esaase material is being trucked to the processing plant at Obotan using 30-tonne road trucks. Esaase ore currently makes up approximately 40% of the mill feed.
During the quarter, work associated with the resettlement of the Tetrem village continued and the relocation project is expected to be handed over to the community during Q4 2020 and completed in Q1 2021.
b) Production Geology
During Q2 2020, mining geology continued to underpin the in-pit mining operations, including a grade control drilling program. Grade control drilling for the Nkran and Akwasiso pits in Q2 2020 recorded a total of 12,539m from 605 holes using two reverse circulation ("RC") rigs yielding 10,823 samples for analysis.
For the Esaase operation, grade control drilling focused on the South Pit and included 78,744m from 2,925 holes yielding 67,307 samples for analysis. This intensive grade control drilling was complemented by rigorous pit mapping, drill hole relogging and reprocessing of previous geophysical data in an effort to derive a more nuanced appreciation of the geological controls on mineralization.
The JV, in collaboration with the JV partners, also advanced a study to refine the structural, geological and mineralization models for the Esaase deposit. Exploration drill holes were relogged in order to better constrain stratigraphy, lithology, faulting, folding, vein density and vein orientations. Detailed pit mapping in both Esaase South and Main pits allowed the identification of distinct mineralized vein set arrays confined between major shears within discrete structural blocks. Estimation methodologies are being modified to reflect the JV's refined understanding of grade distribution.
c) Exploration
The JV holds a large land package of 21,300 hectares on the Asankragwa Gold Belt. During the quarter, Galiano announced the exploration strategy for the JV that was developed in collaboration with the JV partner. The three main focus objectives are:
i) Near term - to replace depletion from mining activity in 2020 and 2021.
ii) Medium term - to improve the business plan for 2023 to 2026 by delineating Mineral Reserves by the end of 2022 that have superior economics (return on invested capital) to Cut 3 at Nkran.
iii) To advance exploration targets with +1 million ounce potential to be in production by 2027 to replace Esaase.
Initial Drilling Programs
An initial drill program targeted at replacing depletion and improving the five-year business plan has been initiated with five drill rigs planning to drill approximately 36,000 meters of diamond drilling ("DD") and RC drilling during Q2 2020 and Q3 2020. Nine high priority targets will be tested including the highly prospective Miradani trend on the Company's South Camp mining concessions as well as the recently acquired Central West Camp concessions (located immediately adjacent to the Company's Obotan Mining Camp and the 5.4 million tonne per annum processing plant).
Near Term: Replacing Depletion 2021 - 2022
Five advanced targets have been identified with potential to replace depletion in 2020-2021 and drilling began in Q2 2020 and will continue through Q3 2020 in order to allow results to be included into the AGM's planned annual mineral reserve update as at December 31, 2020. The initial drill program consists of a planned 18,250 meters targeted at replacing depletion, split approximately one-third DD and two-thirds RC.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- Nkran South - located 1.3km south of the Nkran pit, previously mined, targeting extensions to mineralization identified in soil and Versatile Time Domain Electromagnetic geochemistry anomalies. The JV completed 3,142m of RC drilling during Q2 2020 and is currently evaluating a further follow-up drill program.
- Akwasiso - located 5km north east of the processing plant, currently being mined, targeting extensions of the ore body to the north and south as well as upgrading of inferred resources. The JV planned 4,600m of RC drilling and DD which was completed in Q2 2020.
Highlights of the drilling and results of the Akwasiso open pit include:
Third phase of mineralization has been delineated and is expected to be mined in 2021.
Drilling highlights (see Table 1 for details):
- Hole 186: 22 meters @ 2.8 g/t gold (from 155m to 174m)
- Hole 185: 13 meters @ 4.1 g/t gold (from 39m to 52m)
- Hole 179: 13 meters @ 2.7 g/t gold (from 34m to 47m)
- Hole 191: 2 meters @ 15.3 g/t gold (from 90m to 92m)
Western domain open at depth and along strike for potential follow-up drill program.
Initial drilling program at Akwasiso complete with 4,560 meters consisting of 2,816 meters of RC and 1,744 meters of DD.
Core logging complete with 80% of samples submitted for analysis and 71% of samples received.
The current drilling program has delineated a third phase of mining (Cut 3) which sits outside the current Mineral Resource Estimate.
Table 1. Key intercepts in Current Akwasiso Drill Holes
| Hole ID | Type | From (m) | To (m) | Interval (m) | Grade (g/t) | Intercept |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKPC20-179 | RC / DD | 28 | 30 | 2 | 0.7 | 2m @ 0.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-179 | RC / DD | 34 | 47 | 13 | 2.7 | 13m @ 2.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-179 | RC / DD | 149 | 151 | 2 | 5.5 | 2m @ 5.5 g/t |
| AKPC20-179 | RC / DD | 176 | 182.4 | 6.4 | 2.1 | 6.4m @ 2.1 g/t |
| AKPC20-182 | RC / DD | 108 | 118 | 10 | 0.7 | 10m @ 0.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-182 | RC / DD | 146 | 148 | 2 | 1.1 | 2m @ 1.1 g/t |
| AKPC20-182 | RC / DD | 152 | 157 | 5 | 0.5 | 5m @ 0.5 g/t |
| AKPC20-182 | RC / DD | 174 | 178 | 4 | 0.5 | 4m @ 0.5 g/t |
| AKPC20-183 | RC / DD | 79 | 83 | 4 | 0.5 | 4m @ 0.5 g/t |
| AKPC20-183 | RC / DD | 137 | 140 | 3 | 4.7 | 3m @ 4.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-184 | RC / DD | 92 | 94 | 2 | 0.9 | 2m @ 0.9 g/t |
| AKPC20-184 | RC / DD | 106 | 110 | 4 | 5.3 | 4m @ 5.3 g/t |
| AKPC20-185 | RC / DD | 39 | 52 | 13 | 4.1 | 13m @ 4.1 g/t |
| AKPC20-185 | RC / DD | 79 | 88 | 9 | 2.7 | 9m @ 2.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-186 | RC / DD | 146 | 148.1 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.1m @ 1.0 g/t |
| AKPC20-186 | RC / DD | 155 | 174 | 22 | 2.8 | 22m @ 2.8 g/t |
| AKPC20-187 | RC / DD | 198 | 200 | 2 | 1 | 2m @ 1.0 g/t |
| AKPC20-192 | RC / DD | 82 | 90 | 8 | 3.4 | 8m @ 3.4 g/t |
| AKPC20-192 | RC / DD | 106 | 119 | 13 | 2 | 13m @ 2.0 g/t |
| AKPC20-193 | RC / DD | 72 | 82 | 10 | 1.2 | 10m @ 1.2 g/t |
| AKPC20-194 | RC / DD | 76 | 81 | 5 | 0.7 | 5m @ 0.7 g/t |
| AKPC20-196 | RC / DD | 116 | 118 | 2 | 12.6 | 2m @ 12.6 g/t |
| AKRC20-180 | RC | 39 | 45 | 6 | 1 | 6m @ 1.0 g/t |
| AKRC20-189 | RC | 19 | 24 | 5 | 2.3 | 5m @ 2.3 g/t |
| AKRC20-189 | RC | 99 | 102 | 3 | 3.2 | 3m @ 3.2 g/t |
| AKRC20-189 | RC | 147 | 149 | 2 | 0.7 | 2m @ 0.7 g/t |
| AKRC20-191 | RC | 53 | 56 | 3 | 1 | 3m @ 1.0 g/t |
| AKRC20-191 | RC | 90 | 92 | 2 | 15.3 | 2m @ 15.3 g/t |
| AKRC20-191 | RC | 118 | 120 | 2 | 5.1 | 2m @ 5.1 g/t |
| AKRC20-191 | RC | 124 | 130 | 6 | 2.7 | 6m @ 2.7 g/t |
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||||
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- Abore - located 13km north of the processing plant on the Esaase haul road, current reserves planned for mining in 2021, targeting upgrading of inferred resources and extensions to the ore body to the north and south. The JV has planned 5,190 meters of RC drilling and DD which was completed in Q2 2020.
Highlights of the drilling and results of the Abore open pit include:
Drilling highlights (see Table 2 for details):
- Hole 029: 28 meters @ 4.9 g/t gold (from 75m to 103m)
- Hole 024: 6 meters @ 24.3 g/t gold (from 70m to 76m)
- Hole 018: 3 meters @ 11.3 g/t gold (from 48m to 51m)
- Hole 005: 9 meters @ 3.6 g/t gold (from 106m to 115m)
- Hole 013: 16 meters @ 1.9 g/t gold (from 84m to 100m)
Mineralization extended at the north end of the main pit and in the north pit, open along strike with a follow-up drill program planned in Q3 2020.
Inferred Mineral Resources infill drilled and confidence in Indicated Mineral Resources in main pit improved.
Initial drilling program at Abore complete with 5,662 meters consisting of 3,331 meters of RC and 2,331 meters of DD.
Core logging complete with 80% of samples submitted and 77% of sample results received.
Table 2. Key intercepts in Current Abore Drill Holes
| Hole ID | From (m) | To (m) | Interval (m) | Grade (g/t Au) | Intercept Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABPC20-001 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0.7 | 2m @ 0.7 g/t |
| ABPC20-001 | 118.32 | 123.16 | 4.84 | 0.6 | 4.84m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-001 | 127.5 | 129.5 | 2 | 2 | 2m @ 2.0 g/t |
| ABPC20-001 | 144.85 | 150.9 | 6.05 | 0.9 | 6.05m @ 0.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-002 | 106 | 108.63 | 2.63 | 1 | 2.63m @ 1.0 g/t |
| ABPC20-002 | 112 | 117 | 5 | 1 | 5m @ 1.0 g/t |
| ABPC20-004 | 86 | 90 | 4 | 0.8 | 4m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-004 | 101 | 106 | 5 | 0.5 | 5m @ 0.5 g/t |
| ABPC20-004 | 118 | 122 | 4 | 0.7 | 4m @ 0.7 g/t |
| ABPC20-005 | 67 | 76 | 9 | 0.6 | 9m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-005 | 80 | 82 | 2 | 0.9 | 2m @ 0.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-005 | 86 | 101 | 15 | 1.5 | 15m @ 1.5 g/t |
| ABPC20-005 | 106 | 115 | 9 | 3.6 | 9m @ 3.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-006 | 93 | 98 | 5 | 0.6 | 5m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-006 | 114 | 121 | 7 | 0.8 | 7m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-006 | 135 | 137 | 2 | 0.6 | 2m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-006 | 147 | 156 | 9 | 1.1 | 9m @ 1.1 g/t |
| ABPC20-007 | 75 | 79 | 4 | 0.7 | 4m @ 0.7 g/t |
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | |||||
| --- | |||||
| ABPC20-007 | 89 | 100 | 11 | 1.4 | 11m @ 1.4 g/t |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ABPC20-009 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1.3 | 1m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-013 | 65 | 80 | 15 | 0.8 | 15m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-013 | 84 | 100 | 16 | 1.9 | 16m @ 1.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-022 | 34 | 38 | 4 | 0.6 | 4m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 53 | 55 | 2 | 1.1 | 2m @ 1.1 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 70 | 76 | 6 | 24.3 | 6m @ 24.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 82 | 83 | 1 | 1.3 | 1m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 91 | 96 | 5 | 1.2 | 5m @ 1.2 g/t |
| ABPC20-025 | 69 | 81 | 12 | 0.8 | 12m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-025 | 88 | 99 | 11 | 0.6 | 11m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 7 | 13 | 6 | 0.8 | 6m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 69 | 71 | 2 | 1.3 | 2m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 76 | 78 | 2 | 1.9 | 2m @ 1.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 46 | 51 | 5 | 2 | 5m @ 2.0 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 59 | 73 | 14 | 1.8 | 14m @ 1.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 78 | 94 | 16 | 0.6 | 16m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 45 | 54 | 9 | 0.8 | 9m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 58 | 61 | 3 | 1.9 | 3m @ 1.9 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 66 | 68 | 2 | 0.6 | 2m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 75 | 77 | 2 | 5.6 | 2m @ 5.6 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 83 | 91 | 8 | 1.3 | 8m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 101 | 117 | 16 | 1.6 | 16m @ 1.6 g/t |
| ABRC20-012 | 122 | 124 | 2 | 3.4 | 2m @ 3.4 g/t |
| ABRC20-017 | 84 | 106 | 22 | 0.8 | 22m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABRC20-017 | 111 | 116 | 5 | 5.7 | 5m @ 5.7 g/t |
| ABRC20-017 | 127 | 133 | 6 | 1.1 | 6m @ 1.1 g/t |
| ABRC20-018 | 13 | 17 | 4 | 0.7 | 4m @ 0.7 g/t |
| ABRC20-018 | 48 | 51 | 3 | 11.3 | 3m @ 11.3 g/t |
| ABRC20-018 | 89 | 94 | 5 | 1.2 | 5m @ 1.2 g/t |
| ABRC20-021 | 67 | 69 | 2 | 1.2 | 2m @ 1.2 g/t |
| ABRC20-021 | 81 | 87 | 6 | 1.4 | 6m @ 1.4 g/t |
| ABRC20-021 | 99 | 114 | 15 | 0.9 | 15m @ 0.9 g/t |
| ABRC20-021 | 120 | 122 | 2 | 1.2 | 2m @ 1.2 g/t |
| ABPC20-022 | 34 | 38 | 4 | 0.6 | 4m @ 0.6 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 53 | 55 | 2 | 1.1 | 2m @ 1.1 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 70 | 76 | 6 | 24.3 | 6m @ 24.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 82 | 83 | 1 | 1.3 | 1m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-024 | 91 | 96 | 5 | 1.2 | 5m @ 1.2 g/t |
| ABRC20-029 | 75 | 103 | 28 | 4.9 | 28m @ 4.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 7 | 13 | 6 | 0.8 | 6m @ 0.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 69 | 71 | 2 | 1.3 | 2m @ 1.3 g/t |
| ABPC20-031 | 76 | 78 | 2 | 1.9 | 2m @ 1.9 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 46 | 51 | 5 | 2 | 5m @ 2.0 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 59 | 73 | 14 | 1.8 | 14m @ 1.8 g/t |
| ABPC20-032 | 78 | 94 | 16 | 0.6 | 16m @ 0.6 g/t |
Note: Intervals indicated are not true widths as there is insufficient geologic information to calculate true widths. However, drill holes have been drilled to cross interpreted mineralized zones as close to perpendicular as possible.
- Midras South - located 5km south west of the processing plant, previously explored in 2015 and 2017 with no stated resources, targeting definition of the ore body as well as extensions to the south and at depth. The JV has planned 4,180m of RC drilling and DD for Q3 2020.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- Adubiaso - located 5km north west of the processing plant, previously mined, targeting upgrading of inferred resources. The JV has planned 1,250m of RC drilling and DD which was completed in Q2 2020.
Medium Term: Business Plan Improvement 2023 - 2026
Four of the nine high-priority targets that are in close proximity to the processing plant, and are believed by management to be capable of being augmented into the mine plan from 2023, will be drill tested in the initial program of approximately 18,000 meters of DD and RC drilling:
- Miradani Central - the target located along trend and approximately 2km south-west of Tontokrom, previous trenching indicated multiple wide zones of mineralization. An initial drill program of 2,400 meters is planned.
- Kaniago West - the target is located 6km north-west of the processing plant and a 5,000m drill program was completed by previous operator. The current program will be targeting resource definition of the target with extensions along strike and at depth. A drill program of 4,100 meters of RC and DD is planned.
- Mepease - the target is located 8km south-west of the processing plant and forms part of the newly-acquired Central West concessions. Mepease hosts a cluster of targets with a 10,000m drill program underway by the current operator. The drill program plan is to continue with 8,000 meters of RC and DD.
- Miradani North (formerly Tontokrom) - this target is located 10km south-west of the processing plant and was drilled in 2019 with no stated resources. Prior small-scale mining operations have left a shallow pit, approximately 400m x 150m with known mineralization extending at depth and along strike. A 3,600 meter drill program is planned in order to infill previous drilling and aims to define an initial resource. The previously disclosed boundary dispute with a local small-scale leaseholder has been resolved and the AGM has access to the concession. The first phase of the drill program commenced in July 2020 and is expected to be completed by the end of Q3 2020.
This initial program on the four target areas is expected to be complete by August 2020. Additional drilling programs for Q3 and Q4 2020 will be designed based on the outcomes of the initial program.
Longer-term: Transformational Targets 2025-2028
In parallel to the short- and medium-term drilling programs, work will also advance on exploration targets with +1 million ounce potential to be in production by 2027 to replace Esaase. The current conceptual targets are on prospecting licenses and would require extensive work including soil sampling, ground geophysics and drilling.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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4. Financial results of the Company
The following table is a summary of the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars, except per share amounts) | ||||
| Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture | 14,347 | 6,135 | 34,881 | (217 |
| Service fee earned as operators of joint venture | 1,221 | 1,126 | 2,443 | 2,252 |
| General and administrative expenses | (3,558 | (3,456 | (6,232 | (6,261 |
| Income (loss) from operations and joint venture | 12,010 | 3,805 | 31,092 | (4,226 |
| Finance income | 2,678 | 2,287 | 5,491 | 5,036 |
| Finance expense | (12 | (7 | (23 | (7 |
| Foreign exchange gain (loss) | 18 | 22 | (60 | (10 |
| Net income and comprehensive income for the period | 14,694 | 6,107 | 36,500 | 793 |
| Income per share: | ||||
| Basic | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.00 |
| Diluted | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.00 |
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | ||||
| Basic | 222,612,623 | 225,804,614 | 223,385,994 | 225,804,614 |
| Diluted | 223,640,863 | 225,804,614 | 224,109,915 | 225,804,614 |
All values are in US Dollars.
Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture
Because the Company equity accounts for its interest in the JV, the Company recognized its 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV in the amounts of $14.3 million and $34.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - share of net earnings of $6.1 million and share of net loss of $0.2 million, respectively).
Service fee earned as operators of the joint venture
In accordance with the Joint Venture Agreement ("JVA"), the Company is the operator of the AGM and, in consideration for managing the operations of the mine, receives a gross annual service fee from the JV of $6.1 million (originally $6.0 million per annum, but adjusted annually for inflation). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company earned a gross service fee of $1.5 million (less withholding taxes of $0.3 million) and $3.1 million (less withholding taxes of $0.6 million), respectively.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company earned a gross service fee of $1.5 million (less withholding taxes of $0.4 million) and $3.0 million (less withholding taxes of $0.7 million), respectively.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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General and administrative ("G&A") expenses
G&A expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 comprised:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars) | $ | $ | $ | $ |
| Wages, benefits and consulting | 1,894 | 2,279 | 3,626 | 4,247 |
| Office, rent and administration | 225 | 109 | 387 | 371 |
| Professional and legal | 398 | 160 | 524 | 179 |
| Share-based payments | 734 | 626 | 979 | 893 |
| Travel, marketing, investor relations and regulatory | 266 | 262 | 633 | 537 |
| Depreciation and other | 41 | 20 | 83 | 34 |
| Total G&A expense | 3,558 | 3,456 | 6,232 | 6,261 |
G&A expenses in Q2 2020 were $0.1 million higher than Q2 2019 primarily due to a $0.2 million increase in legal and professional fees relating to the Company's Annual General and Special Meeting, filing of the Company's base shelf prospectus and initiation of the ATM Offering, $0.1 million increase in administrative costs and $0.1 million increase in share-based compensation expense. These factors were partially offset by a reduction in wages, benefits and consulting resulting from lower payroll costs due to the restructuring of the executive management team (which occurred in Q3 2019).
G&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were in line with the same period in 2019. Wages, benefits and consulting were lower by $0.6 million in 2020 compared to 2019 due to lower payroll costs resulting from the restructuring of the executive management team (which occurred in Q3 2019). This was partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in legal and professional fees relating to the Company's 2020 Annual General and Special Meeting of shareholders, base shelf prospectus and ATM Offering. Additionally, share-based payments expense ($0.1 million increase) and marketing and investor relation costs ($0.1 million increase) were higher in 2020 compared to 2019.
Finance income
Finance income includes changes in the fair value of the Company's preferred share investment in the JV (which has no fixed redemption date) and interest earned on cash balances. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized a positive fair value adjustment of $2.6 million and $5.2 million, respectively, on changes in the fair value of the Company's preferred share investment in the JV.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded $2.3 million and $5.0 million of finance income which was primarily related to changes in carrying values of the Company's preferred share investments in the JV.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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5. Selected quarterly financial data
The following table provides summary unaudited financial data for the last eight quarters. Except for basic and diluted income (loss) per share and adjusted basic and diluted income (loss) per share^1^, the totals in the following table are presented in thousands of US dollars.
| 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 | Q1 | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | Q4 | Q3 | |
| Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30,665 |
| Total cost of sales | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (33,373 |
| Income (loss) from mine operations | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (2,708 |
| Share of net earnings (loss) related to joint venture | 14,347 | 20,534 | - | (126,047 | 6,135 | (6,352 | (1,306 | 256 |
| Service fee earned as operators of joint venture | 1,221 | 1,222 | 1,223 | 1,488 | 1,126 | 1,126 | 1,117 | 775 |
| Exploration and evaluation expenditures | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (419 |
| General and administrative expenses | (3,558 | (2,674 | (2,368 | (3,199 | (3,456 | (2,805 | (3,200 | (2,904 |
| Income (loss) from operations and joint venture | 12,010 | 19,082 | (1,145 | (127,758 | 3,805 | (8,031 | (3,389 | (5,000 |
| Recovery (loss) due to loss of control of <br> subsidiaries | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,293 |
| Other income (expenses) | 2,684 | 2,724 | (20,060 | (19,758 | 2,302 | 2,717 | 2,514 | 2,603 |
| Income tax (expense) recovery | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8 | (121 |
| Net income (loss) for the period | 14,694 | 21,806 | (21,205 | (147,516 | 6,107 | (5,314 | (867 | (1,225 |
| Basic and diluted income (loss) per share | 0.07 | 0.10 | (0.09 | (0.65 | 0.03 | (0.02 | 0.00 | (0.00 |
| Adjusted net income (loss) for the period<br> attributable to common shareholders ^1^ | 14,694 | 21,806 | 941 | 793 | 6,107 | (5,314 | (867 | (1,640 |
| Adjusted basic and diluted income (loss) per share<br> attributable to common shareholders ^1^ | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.03 | (0.02 | 0.00 | (0.01 |
All values are in US Dollars.
Since the commencement of commercial production at the AGM effective April 1, 2016, and specifically from Q3 2016 onwards, the Company saw mining operations achieve expected levels of production, resulting in comparable revenues and income from mine operations, until the Company completed the JV Transaction effective July 31, 2018, concurrent with which the Company commenced equity accounting for its interest in the AGM.
Commencing in Q3 2018, the Company has been recognizing its 45% interest in the net income after tax of the JV for each quarter.
For periods prior to Q3 2018, other income (expense) included interest expense on the Company's long-term debt (which was settled in July 2018). In Q3 and Q4 2018, as well as Q1 and Q2 2019, other income included fair value adjustments on the Company's preferred share investments in the JV.
In Q3 2019, the Company recognized an impairment on its equity investment in the AGM JV totaling $128.3 million which was presented as part of the Company's share of the net loss related to the joint venture. Additionally, in Q3 2019, the Company recognized a $20.0 million downward fair value adjustment on its preferred share investment in the JV which was presented as finance expense.
In Q4 2019, the Company recognized a $20.1 million downward fair value adjustment on its preferred share investment in the JV resulting from the finalization of its work over the AGM LOM plan which was presented as finance expense.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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6. Outlook
COVID-19 Update and Response
Amid the current COVID-19 global pandemic, the Company and the JV have taken precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of its employees, contractors and local communities in which the AGM operates.
The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, isolating affected persons, rapid testing of personnel and transportation of infected personnel to Government run isolation facilities; additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected to be infected individuals limiting cross contamination. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM’s operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing two-week regulatory isolation. The Company’s Johannesburg office is currently closed and staff are working remotely as a number of personnel have tested positive for COVID-19, with some experiencing symptoms and, in one case, requiring hospitalization. The Company’s offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and, along with the Johannesburg team, continue to support the AGM’s operations.
The AGM has continued to build its supply chain and has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.
At this time, the AGM is on track to deliver its 2020 production and cost guidance as described below. Further updates will be provided in the event there is a material change at the AGM operations.
2020 Guidance for the Asanko Gold Mine (100% basis)
In 2020, the AGM is targeting 225,000 to 245,000 ounces of gold production at AISC^1^ of $1,000 to $1,100/oz. AISC^1^ includes budgeted sustaining capital expenditures of $11 million (spend to date: $7.0 million), primarily for a planned tailings storage facility lift of $7 million. Year-to-date AISC^6^ performance has been below the Company's guidance range and, accordingly, the Company expects AISC^1^ for the remainder of the year to be higher than the guidance range and significantly higher than AISC^1^ in the first half of the year, but yielding a full-year AISC^1^ in line with guidance.
The Company expects a decline in production during the second half of the year (compared to production achieved in the first half of 2020), but yielding a full-year gold production in line with guidance. The mine plan expects to source ore primarily from Esaase and transition to Akwasiso as the AGM's primary fresh ore source , resulting in a lower mined grade for the second half of 2020. These ore sources will be augmented where necessary with run-of-mine stockpile material.
Development capital is forecast at $24 million (spend to date: $16.0 million), primarily for the Tetrem village relocation. In addition, $10 million is budgeted for exploration (spend to date: $3.2 million), mainly around the highly prospective Miradani mineralized trend.
| 2020 Guidance | FY 2019 (Actual) | FY 2020 (Forecast) | Q2 2020 (Actual) | YTD 2020 (Actual) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gold production (oz) | 251,044 | 225,000 - 245,000 | 69,026 | 135,359 |
| AISC^1^ ($/oz) | 1,112 | 1,000 - 1,100 | 1,067 | 929 |
^______________________________________1^ See "8. Non-GAAP measures"
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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7. Liquidity and capital resources
A key financial objective of the Company is to actively manage its own cash balance and liquidity in order to meet the Company's strategic plans, as well as those of the JV in accordance with the JV agreement. The Company shares control of the JV and aims to manage the JV in such a manner as to generate positive cash flows from the AGM's operating activities in order to fund its operating, capital and project development requirements. A summary of the Company's net assets and key financial ratios related to liquidity are as follows. Note that the June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 balances below, unless otherwise noted, do not include any assets and liabilities of the JV.
| June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| (in thousands of US dollars, except outstanding shares and options) | $ | $ |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 64,949 | 31,109 |
| Other current assets | 3,293 | 4,691 |
| Non-current assets | 111,198 | 108,704 |
| Total assets | 179,440 | 144,504 |
| Current liabilities | 2,599 | 2,317 |
| Non-current liabilities | 785 | 930 |
| Total liabilities | 3,384 | 3,247 |
| Working capital | 65,643 | 33,483 |
| Total equity | 176,056 | 141,257 |
| Total common shares outstanding | 222,822,704 | 225,098,810 |
| Total options outstanding | 11,235,780 | 12,568,362 |
| Key financial ratios | ||
| Current ratio | 26.26 | 15.45 |
| Total liabilities-to-equity | 0.02 | 0.02 |
The Company held cash and cash equivalents of $64.9 million and $3.0 million in receivables as at June 30, 2020.
Subsequent to the JV Transaction, other than the JV service fee, the Company has no current direct sources of revenue and any free cash flows generated by the AGM are no longer within the Company's exclusive control as the disposition of cash from the JV is governed by the JVA. The JVA provides that "Distributable Cash" will be calculated and distributed quarterly, if available. Further information regarding the definition of "Distributable Cash" is included in section "8.3 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA". However, given the Company's cash balance and ongoing service fee receipts from the JV, the Company believes it is in a position to meet all working capital requirements, contractual obligations and commitments as they fall due (see "Commitments" below) during the next 24 months.
Normal course issuer bid
On November 12, 2019, the Company received approval from the TSX to commence the NCIB on November 15, 2019 to purchase up to 11,310,386 common shares, representing 5% of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares on that date. Purchases pursuant to the NCIB are being made on the open market through the facilities of the TSX and NYSE.
All common shares purchased by the Company under the NCIB are purchased at the market price at the time of acquisition in accordance with the rules and policies of the TSX and NYSE and applicable securities laws. All common shares acquired by the Company under the NCIB are cancelled and purchases will continue to be funded out of the Company' working capital. Although the Company has a present intention to acquire its common shares pursuant to the NCIB, the Company will not be obligated to make any purchases and purchases may be suspended by the Company at any time in accordance with applicable securities laws. The NCIB will terminate on November 14, 2020, or earlier if the maximum number of shares under the NCIB have been purchased. The Company reserves the right to terminate the NCIB earlier in accordance with applicable securities laws if it feels it is appropriate to do so.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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In accordance with the rules of the TSX, the maximum daily purchases on the TSX under the NCIB will be 33,499 common shares, which is 25% of the average daily trading volume for the Company's common shares on the TSX for the six months ended October 31, 2019. In addition, maximum daily purchases under the NCIB on the NYSE will be subject to Rule 10b-18 which specifies that daily purchases may not exceed 25% of average daily trading volume for the four weeks preceding such trading date. These maximum daily limits will apply to purchases on the respective markets, except where such purchases are made in accordance with "block purchase" exemptions under applicable TSX and NYSE policies.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company repurchased and cancelled a total of 326,654 common shares under the NCIB program for $0.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.86 per share). During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company repurchased and cancelled a total of 2,758,063 common shares under the NCIB program for $2.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.83 per share). Since inception of the NCIB in Q3 2019, the Company has repurchased and cancelled a total of 3,866,983 common shares for $3.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.84 per share).
ATM Offering
On June 25, 2020, the Company entered into an ATM agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co. and Cormark Securities (the "Agents"). Under the ATM agreement, the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the term of the ATM agreement, sell through the Agents common shares of the Company for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $50.0 million (the "Offering"). The Company expects to use any net proceeds of the Offering for general corporate and working capital requirements, including, but not limited to, funding ongoing exploration and operations at the Asanko Gold Mine, funding the Company's working capital requirements, repaying indebtedness outstanding from time to time, completing future acquisitions and/or for other corporate purposes.
Sales of common shares will be made through "at-the-market distributions" as defined in the Canadian Securities Administrators' National Instrument 44-102 - Shelf Distributions, including sales made directly on the NYSE American Stock Exchange ("NYSE American"), or any other recognized marketplace upon which the Company's common shares are listed or quoted or where the common shares are traded in the United States. No offers or sales of common shares will be made in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange or other trading markets in Canada. The Company will pay the Agents a commission of 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of common shares. The Company will determine, in its sole discretion, the date, price and number of common shares to be sold under the Offering, if any. Any common shares sold in the Offering will be distributed at market prices or prices related to prevailing market prices from time to time. The Company is not required to sell any common shares in the Offering at any time.
The Offering is being made by way of a prospectus supplement dated June 25, 2020 (the "Prospectus Supplement") to the Company's existing U.S. registration statement on Form F-10 (the "Registration Statement") and Canadian short form base shelf prospectus (the "Base Shelf Prospectus") each dated June 11, 2020. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the Offering has been filed with the securities commissions in each of the provinces and territories of Canada (other than Québec) and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The Prospectus Supplement and the Registration Statement are available on the SEC's website and the Prospectus Supplement (together with the related Base Shelf Prospectus) is available on the SEDAR website maintained by the Canadian Securities Administrators.
In addition, in connection with Gold Fields Limited's ("GF") existing pre-emptive right to maintain its 9.9% pro rata ownership interest in the Company, the Company has agreed to sell to GF, from time to time during the term of the Offering at GF's election, on a private basis, such number of common shares as represent 9.9% of the common shares issued under the Offering, if any.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company had not issued any common shares under the Offering.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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Equity
The Company is financially stable with a total liabilities-to-equity ratio of 0.02 as at June 30, 2020.
Commitments
The following table summarizes the Company's contractual obligations as at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Note the following table excludes commitments and liabilities of the JV for both years presented.
| Total | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in thousands of US dollars) | Within 1 year | 2 - 3 years | 4 -5 years | Over 5 years | June 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 1,827 | - | - | - | 1,827 | 1,649 |
| Long-term incentive plan (cash-settled <br> awards) | 689 | 311 | - | - | 1,000 | 1,001 |
| Corporate office leases | 132 | 114 | 122 | 21 | 389 | 823 |
| Total | 2,648 | 425 | 122 | 21 | 3,216 | 3,473 |
In addition to the above commitments, the Company has provided various parent company guarantees related to the unfunded portion of the AGM's reclamation bonds in the amount of $6.8 million.
During Q3 2019, the Company entered into a lease agreement for corporate office space with an effective date of September 1, 2019. Upon obtaining the contractual right to use the new office space, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for the office space lease agreement in accordance with IFRS 16, amounting to $0.6 million. Obligations under the corporate office space lease agreement have been included in the table above.
Contingencies
Due to the nature of its business, the Company may from time to time be subject to regulatory investigations, claims, lawsuits and other proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. While the Company cannot reasonably predict the ultimate outcome of any such actions, and inherent uncertainties exist in predicting such outcomes, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or future results of operations.
Cash flows
The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in thousands of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Cash provided by (used in): | ||||||||
| Operating cash flows before working capital changes | (1,694 | ) | (1,669 | ) | (2,878 | ) | (3,109 | ) |
| Operating activities | (1,016 | ) | (2,045 | ) | (1,861 | ) | (3,620 | ) |
| Investing activities | 15,198 | 42 | 37,728 | 80 | ||||
| Financing activities | 57 | - | (1,989 | ) | - | |||
| Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents | 113 | 1 | (38 | ) | 3 | |||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents during<br> the period | 14,352 | (2,002 | ) | 33,840 | (3,537 | ) | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 50,597 | 8,823 | 31,109 | 10,358 | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 64,949 | 6,821 | 64,949 | 6,821 | ||||
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||||||
| --- |
Cash provided by operating activities
During Q2 2020, the Company utilized cash flows in operations of $1.0 million, net of cash inflows in working capital of $0.7 million (Q2 2019 - utilized cash flows in operations of $2.0 million, net of cash outflows in working capital of $0.4 million). In Q2 2020, cash inflows of $0.7 million from non-cash working capital were primarily the result of a $0.5 million increase in accounts payable and accruals and $0.2 million decrease in prepaid expenses.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company utilized cash flows from operations of $1.9 million, net of cash inflows in working capital of $1.0 million (six months ended June 30, 2019 - operating cash flows utilized of $3.6 million, net of cash outflows in working capital of $0.5 million). For the six months ended June 30, 2020, cash inflows of $1.0 million from non-cash working capital were primarily the result of a $1.5 million decrease in receivables and $0.1 million decrease in prepaid expenses, partly offset by a $0.6 million decrease in accounts payable and accruals.
Cash from (used in) investing activities
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company generated cash of $15.2 million and $37.7 million, respectively, through investing activities, as the Company continued to receive distributions from the JV in the form of preference share redemptions.
Cash used in financing activities
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $0.1 million of cash was generated and $2.0 million was used in financing activities, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019 where $nil was used in financing activities.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, cash provided by financing activities of $0.1 million related to $0.4 million of proceeds received upon exercise of share-based options which was partly offset by $0.3 million of share repurchases under the Company's NCIB and lease payments on corporate office space.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020, cash used in financing activities of $2.0 million related to $2.4 million of share repurchases under the Company's NCIB and lease payments on corporate office space. These factors were partly offset by $0.4 million of proceeds received upon exercise of share-based options.
8. Non-GAAP measures
The Company has included certain non-GAAP performance measures throughout this MD&A. These performance measures are employed by management to assess the Company's operating and financial performance and to assist in business decision-making. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, certain investors and other stakeholders use this information to evaluate the Company's operating and financial performance; however, as explained elsewhere herein, these non-GAAP performance measures do not have any standardized meaning and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
8.1 Operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce
The Company has included the non-GAAP performance measures of operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce on a by-product basis throughout this MD&A. In the gold mining industry, this is a common performance measure but does not have any standardized meaning. The Company follows the recommendations of the Gold Institute Production Cost Standard. The Gold Institute, which ceased operations in 2002, was a non-regulatory body and represented a global group of suppliers of gold and gold products. The production cost standard developed by the Gold Institute remains the generally accepted standard of reporting cash costs of production by many gold mining companies. Management uses operating cash costs per ounce and total cash costs per ounce to monitor the operating performance of the JV and to assess the attractiveness of potential acquisition targets. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, some investors use this information to evaluate the Company's performance and ability to generate cash flow. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Other companies may calculate operating cash costs and total cash costs per ounce differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The following tables provide reconciliations of operating and total cash costs per gold ounce of the AGM (net of silver by-product revenues) to various operating expenses of the AGM on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measure) as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars, except per ounce amounts) | ||||
| Total production costs ^4 5^ | 44,862 | 43,968 | 85,894 | 91,173 |
| Share-based payment expense included in production costs | (186 | (49 | (385 | (112 |
| By-product revenue | (217 | (162 | (430 | (380 |
| Total operating cash costs | 44,459 | 43,757 | 85,079 | 90,681 |
| Royalties and production taxes | 5,077 | 4,285 | 10,316 | 7,747 |
| Total cash costs | 49,536 | 48,042 | 95,395 | 98,428 |
| Gold ounces sold | 61,357 | 66,337 | 129,177 | 119,758 |
| Operating cash costs per gold ounce sold ($/ounce) | 725 | 660 | 659 | 757 |
| Total cash costs per gold ounce sold ($/ounce) | 807 | 724 | 738 | 822 |
All values are in US Dollars.
^4^For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, total production costs exclude a provision for a one-time contract termination fee. ^5^For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, total production costs include a gain recognized on the derecognition of a mining contractor services agreement.
8.2 All-in sustaining costs per gold ounce
In June 2013, the World Gold Council, a non-regulatory association of many of the world's leading gold mining companies established to promote the use of gold to industry, provided guidance for the calculation of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce" in an effort to encourage improved understanding and comparability of the total costs associated with mining an ounce of gold. The Company has adopted the reporting of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce", which is a non-GAAP performance measure. The Company believes that the all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce measure provides additional insight into the costs of producing gold by capturing all of the expenditures required for the discovery, development and sustaining of gold production and allows the Company to assess its ability to support capital expenditures to sustain future production from the generation of operating cash flows. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, some investors use this information to evaluate the JV's performance and ability to generate cash flow, disposition of which is subject to the terms of the JVA. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. Other companies may calculate all-in sustaining costs per ounce differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.
The following table provides a reconciliation of AISC of the AGM to various operating expenses of the AGM on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measure), as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars except per ounce amounts) | $ | $ | $ | $ |
| Total cash costs (as reconciled above) | 49,536 | 48,042 | 95,395 | 98,428 |
| General and administrative expenses - JV | 1,744 | 1,471 | 3,504 | 2,873 |
| Sustaining capital expenditures | 7,043 | 4,028 | 7,982 | 4,461 |
| Sustaining capitalized stripping costs | 3,131 | 20,489 | 4,063 | 23,409 |
| Reclamation cost accretion | 114 | 212 | 250 | 430 |
| Sustaining lease payments | 3,691 | 4,056 | 8,383 | 8,708 |
| Interest on lease liabilities | 192 | - | 487 | - |
| All-in sustaining cost | 65,451 | 78,298 | 120,064 | 138,309 |
| Gold ounces sold | 61,357 | 66,337 | 129,177 | 119,758 |
| All-in sustaining cost per gold ounce sold ($/ounce) - JV | 1,067 | 1,180 | 929 | 1,155 |
| Average realized price per gold ounce sold ($/ounce) | 1,651 | 1,290 | 1,594 | 1,291 |
| All-in sustaining margin ($/ounce) | 584 | 110 | 665 | 136 |
| All-in sustaining margin | 35,832 | 7,297 | 85,903 | 16,287 |
Excluded from the G&A costs of the AGM is non-cash share-based compensation expense of $53,000 and $137,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $39,000 and $55,000, respectively).
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company incurred corporate G&A expenses, net of the JV service fee, of $1.6 million and $2.7 million, respectively, which excludes non-cash share-based compensation expense of $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - G&A expenses, net of the JV service fee, of $1.7 million and $3.1 million and which excludes non‐cash share‐based compensation expense of $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively).
The Company's attributable gold ounces sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 was 24,543 and 58,130, respectively (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - 29,852 and 53,891 ounces, respectively), resulting in additional all-in sustaining cost for the Company of $64/oz and $47/oz for these periods, respectively, in addition to the AGM's all-in sustaining cost presented in the above table (three and six months ended June 30, 2019 - $57/oz and $58/oz, respectively).
All-in sustaining costs adjust "Total cash costs" for G&A expenses, reclamation cost accretion, sustaining capitalized stripping costs (excludes operating pits which have not achieved steady-state operations) and sustaining capital expenditures. Sustaining capital expenditures, capitalized stripping costs and reclamation cost accretion are not line items on the AGM's financial statements. Sustaining capital expenditures are defined as those capital expenditures which do not materially benefit annual or life of mine gold ounce production at a mine site. A material benefit to a mine site is considered to be at least a 10% increase in annual or life of mine production, net present value, or reserves compared to the remaining life of mine of the operation. As such, sustaining costs exclude all expenditures at the AGM's 'new projects' and certain expenditures at the AGM's operating sites which are deemed expansionary in nature. Capitalized stripping costs represent costs incurred at steady-state operations during the period which have been deferred to mining interests as they allow the AGM to gain access to ore bodies to be mined in future periods; these costs are not considered expansionary in nature as they relate to currently identified reserves and resources. Reclamation cost accretion represents the growth in the AGM's decommissioning provision due to the passage of time. This amount does not reflect cash outflows, but it is considered to be representative of the periodic costs of reclamation and remediation. Reclamation cost accretion is included in finance expense in the AGM's results as disclosed in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
The following table reconciles sustaining capital expenditures on a 100% basis for the AGM to the total capital expenditures of the AGM, as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars) | ||||
| Investing cash flows of the AGM | 22,579 | 13,890 | 27,882 | 23,775 |
| Less: | ||||
| Sustaining capitalized stripping costs | (3,131 | (20,489 | (4,063 | (23,409 |
| Non-sustaining capital expenditures | (8,857 | (3,547 | (14,218 | (8,128 |
| Change in AP related to capital expenditures not included in <br> AISC | (3,632 | 14,238 | (1,764 | 12,349 |
| Interest income received | 84 | (64 | 145 | (126 |
| Total sustaining capital expenditures | 7,043 | 4,028 | 7,982 | 4,461 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The majority of the non-sustaining capital expenditures during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 related to the relocation of a village near the Esaase deposit and E&E expenditures on the Abore tenement.
8.3 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
EBITDA provides an indication of the Company's continuing capacity to generate income from operations before considering the Company's financing decisions and costs of amortizing capital assets. Accordingly, EBITDA comprises net income (loss) excluding interest expense, interest income, amortization and depletion, and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA to exclude non-recurring items and non-cash items and includes the calculated Adjusted EBITDA of the JV. Other companies may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently. The JV does not calculate this information for use by both JV partners, rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company's own disclosure purposes.
The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to the Company based on its economic interest in the JV to net income (loss) (the nearest GAAP measure) of the Company and the JV, respectively, per the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. All adjustments are shown net of estimated income tax.
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars) | ||||
| Net income for the period | 14,694 | 6,107 | 36,500 | 793 |
| Add back: | ||||
| Depreciation and depletion | 41 | 20 | 83 | 34 |
| Finance income | (2,678 | (2,287 | (5,491 | (5,036 |
| Finance expense | 12 | 7 | 23 | 7 |
| EBITDA for the period | 12,069 | 3,847 | 31,115 | (4,202 |
| Add back (deduct): | ||||
| Non-cash share based compensation | 734 | 626 | 979 | 893 |
| Share of net (earnings) loss related to joint venture | (14,347 | (6,135 | (34,881 | 217 |
| Galiano's attributable interest in JV Adjusted EBITDA | 20,033 | 14,019 | 43,159 | 16,461 |
| Adjusted EBITDA for the period | 18,489 | 12,357 | 40,372 | 13,369 |
All values are in US Dollars.
The following table reconciles the JV's EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 to the results of the JV as disclosed in note 6 to the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars) | ||||
| JV net income (loss) for the period | 31,899 | 13,635 | 77,546 | (481 |
| Add back: | ||||
| JV depreciation and depletion | 15,732 | 16,668 | 25,683 | 40,175 |
| JV Finance income | (98 | (64 | (159 | (126 |
| JV Finance expense | 675 | 3,148 | 1,222 | 3,897 |
| JV Deferred income tax expense | - | 1,823 | - | 1,823 |
| JV EBITDA for the period | 48,208 | 35,210 | 104,292 | 45,288 |
| Add back (deduct): | ||||
| JV Mining contractor lease payments (capitalized leases) | (3,691 | (4,056 | (8,383 | (8,708 |
| JV Adjusted EBITDA for the period | 44,517 | 31,154 | 95,909 | 36,580 |
| Galiano's attributable interest in JV Adjusted EBITDA for the period | 20,033 | 14,019 | 43,159 | 16,461 |
All values are in US Dollars.
While the above figure reflects an estimate of the Company's "attributable interest" in Adjusted EBITDA generated from the AGM, these funds are not within the Company's exclusive control as the disposition of cash from the JV is governed by the JVA. The JVA provides that "Distributable Cash" will be calculated and distributed quarterly, if available. "Distributable Cash" means an amount to be calculated at each calendar quarter-end, as being the lesser of (i) cash and cash equivalents which are projected at that time to be surplus to all the JV companies taken together, after providing for all amounts anticipated to be required to be paid during a period of at least the ensuing two calendar quarters in order to pay the net obligations (net of anticipated revenues during such two subsequent quarters) which will arise out of the operations contemplated by the current approved program and budget while also providing for retention of a reasonable amount of cash and cash equivalents for working capital, contingencies and reserves, all of which factors shall be considered by the management committee); and (ii) the maximum amount permissible for distributions to shareholders of a particular JV company at that time in accordance with applicable law and the terms of any third party loan or other agreement in effect which limits distributions from the JV companies. Distributable cash is to be paid out by the JV in certain priority generally to interest and principal of loans, redemption of the preferred shares issued by JV Finco (of which shares each partner holds 137.4 million preferred shares as at June 30, 2020, after redemptions paid by the JV in 2019, Q1 2020 and Q2 2020) and finally as dividends on common shares of the JV companies (which the JV partners own 45:45 with the Government of Ghana holding 10%).
8.4 Free Cash Flow
The Company uses the financial measure Free Cash Flow, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, to supplement information in its condensed consolidated interim financial statements. Free Cash Flow does not have any standardized meaning prescribed under IFRS, and therefore it may not be comparable to similar measures employed by other companies. The Company believes that in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, the Company and certain investors and analysts use this information to evaluate the JV's performance with respect to its operating cash flow capacity to meet non-discretionary outflows of cash. The presentation of Free Cash Flow is not meant to be a substitute for the cash flow information presented in accordance with IFRS, but rather should be evaluated in conjunction with such IFRS measures. Free Cash Flow is calculated as cash flows from operating activities of the JV adjusted for cash flows associated with sustaining and non-sustaining capital expenditures and payments made to mining contractors for leases capitalized under IFRS 16.
The following table provides a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow of the AGM to its cash flows from operating activities on a 100% basis (the nearest GAAP measures), as presented in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (in thousands of US dollars ) | ||||
| Cash flows from operating activities before working capital changes | 44,269 | 35,335 | 100,787 | 45,800 |
| Net change in working capital | 4,560 | (14,790 | (14,988 | (16,435 |
| Cash flows from operating activtities | 48,829 | 20,545 | 85,799 | 29,365 |
| Less: | ||||
| Cash flows used in investing activities | (22,579 | (13,890 | (27,882 | (23,775 |
| Mining contractor lease payments (capitalized leases) | (3,691 | (4,056 | (8,383 | (8,708 |
| Free Cash Flow for the period | 22,559 | 2,599 | 49,534 | (3,118 |
All values are in US Dollars.
9. Summary of outstanding share data
As of the date of this MD&A, there were 223,197,286 common shares of the Company issued and outstanding and 10,861,198 share purchase options outstanding (with exercise prices ranging between C$0.86 and C$4.77 per share). The fully diluted outstanding share count at the date of this MD&A is 234,058,484.
10. Related party transactions
As at June 30, 2020, the Company's related parties are its subsidiaries and the JV, its JV partners, and key management personnel. During normal course of operations, the Company enters into transactions with its related parties. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, all related party transactions were in the normal course of business including compensation payments to key management personnel.
As at June 30, 2020, the Company had a $2.8 million receivable owing from the JV in relation to the Company's service fee earned for being the operator of the JV (December 31, 2019 - $4.2 million).
11. Critical accounting policies and estimates
11.1 Estimates and judgements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes the estimates and assumptions used in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from those estimates and could impact future results of operations and cash flows. The Company's significant accounting judgments and estimates are presented in note 5 of the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. Additionally, there were no new judgments and estimates applied in preparing the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020.
The Company considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the significant judgments and estimates made in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and determined that the effects of COVID-19 did not have a material impact on the estimates and judgments applied.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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11.2 Changes in Accounting Policies including Initial Adoption
(a) Accounting standards adopted January 1, 2020
There were no new standards effective January 1, 2020 that an impact on the condensed consolidated interim financial statements or are expected to have a material effect in the future.
(b) Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted
There were no accounting standards or amendments to existing standards issued but not yet adopted as of January 1, 2020 that are expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial statements in the future.
12. Risks and uncertainties
12.1 Financial instruments & risk
The Company's business, operations and future prospects are subject to significant risks. For details of these risks, refer to the risk factors set forth in the Company's most recently filed AIF, which can be found under the Company's corporate profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, and the Company's most recently filed Form 40-F Annual Report, which can be found on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.
Other than as disclosed below, management is not aware of any significant changes to the risks identified in the Company's most recently filed AIF nor has the Company's mitigation of those risks changed significantly during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. These risks, and the risk factors disclosed below, could materially affect the Company's business, operations, prospects and share price and could cause actual events to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements relating to the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently considers immaterial may also impair the business, operations, prospects and share price of the Company. If any of the risks actually occur, the business of the Company may be harmed, and its financial condition and results of operations may suffer significantly.
Coronavirus
The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has had a negative impact on global financial conditions. COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and has now spread to several other countries, including Canada and the US. These markets are a significant source of global demand for commodities, including gold. A sustained slowdown in economic growth or demand in these markets, in either case, that is not offset by reduced supply or increased demand from other regions, could have an adverse effect on the price and/or demand for gold.
In addition, outbreaks or the threat of outbreaks of viruses or other infectious diseases or similar health threats, such as COVID-19, could also cause operational and supply chain delays and disruptions (including as a result of governmental regulation and prevention measures), labour shortages and shutdowns or the inability to sell precious metals. On March 22, 2020, Ghana closed all borders for travel by all persons, and on March 27, 2020, announced restricted movements of people within the major centers of Accra and Kumasi. Ghana's borders remain closed to human traffic until further notice, however the country began its stage one process of easing local restrictions on June 5, 2020. To date, mining, power supply and fuel supply operators were exempted from the lockdown and the AGM's operations have not been materially impacted. **** In the event that the prevalence and impacts of COVID-19 continue to increase, governments, including Ghana's government, may increase regulations and restrictions regarding the flow of labour or products, and the Company's and the JV's operations, suppliers, customers and distribution channels could be severely impacted.
At this time, the Company cannot accurately predict what effects COVID-19 will have on mining operations or financial results, including as a result of uncertainties relating to the ultimate geographic spread of the virus, the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak, and the length of the travel restrictions and business closures that have been or may be imposed by the governments of impacted countries. The widespread health crisis caused by COVID-19, and its adverse economic and financial impacts, could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and the market price of the Company's common shares.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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13. Internal control
13.1 Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management, including the CEO and CFO, have evaluated the Company's internal controls over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal controls over financial reporting.
During the three months ended June 30, 2020, there have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
13.2 Limitations of controls and procedures
The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, believes that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been prevented or detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by unauthorized override of the control. The design of any control system also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
14. Qualified person
The exploration information in this MD&A has been reviewed and approved by Dr. Paul Klipfel, CPG, Senior Vice President Exploration of Galiano Gold Inc. For further information regarding the exploration information in this MD&A, including the Quality Control and Quality Assurance and data verification measures taken with respect to such exploration information, please see the Company's news releases dated July 6, 2020 and June 25, 2020, and filed on the Company's SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com. All other technical content in this MD&A has been approved by Mr. Mike Begg, Pr.Sci.Nat., Senior Vice President Technical Services of Galiano Gold Inc. Both Dr. Klipfel and Mr. Begg are "Qualified Persons" as defined by Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (Standards of Mineral Disclosure).
15. Cautionary statements
15.1 Cautionary statement on forward-looking information
The Company cautions readers regarding forward-looking statements found in this AIF and in any other statement made by, or on the behalf of the Company. Generally, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "plans", "expects", "estimates", "anticipates", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", or "might" occur. Forward-looking statements are made based on management's beliefs, estimates and opinions and are given only as of the date of this AIF. Such statements may constitute "forward-looking information" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities legislation.
Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to:
- the future price of gold;
- the operating plans for the AGM under the JV between the Company and Gold Fields;
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- the estimation of Mineral Reserves (as defined below) and Mineral Resources (as defined below);
- the realization of Mineral Reserve estimates;
- the timing and amount of estimated future production from the AGM, including production rates and gold recovery;
- operating costs with respect to the operation of the AGM;
- capital expenditures that are required to sustain and expand mining activities;
- the timing, costs and project economics associated with the JV's development plans for the AGM;
- the availability of capital to fund the JV's expansion plans and to fund the Company's contributions to the JV's development plans;
- estimates regarding the AGM's consumption of key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel fuel; the ability of the AGM to maintain current inventory levels;
- the ability of the AGM to continue to operate during the COVID-19 pandemic;
- gold production and other activities and that they will not be curtailed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;
- the AGM' ability to continue to ship doré from the AGM site to be refined; that the doré produced by the AGM will continue to be able to be refined at similar rates and costs to the AGM, or at all;
- the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance;
- the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and that it will be effective in continuing their operations in the ordinary course;
- the timing of the development of new deposits;
- success of exploration activities;
- permitting timelines;
- hedging practices;
- currency exchange rate fluctuations;
- requirements for additional capital;
- government regulation of mining operations;
- environmental risks and remediation measures;
- unanticipated reclamation expenses;
- title disputes or claims; and
- limitations on insurance coverage.
Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information and which relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements reflect the Company's current views with respect to expectations, beliefs, assumptions, estimates and forecasts about the business of the JV and the Company and the industry and markets in which the JV and the Company operate. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which are difficult to predict. These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. The JV and Company's actual future results or performance are subject to certain risks and uncertainties including but not limited to:
- the recent outbreak of COVID-19 has had a negative impact on global financial conditions, demand for commodities and supply chains and could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and the market price of the Company's common shares;
- the mineral reserve and resource estimates may change and may prove to be inaccurate;
- life of mine estimates are based on a number of factors and assumptions and may prove to be incorrect;
- actual production, costs, returns and other economic and financial performance may vary from the Company's estimates in response to a variety of factors, many of which are not within the Company's control;
- AGM has a limited operating history and is subject to risks associated with establishing new mining operations;
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- sustained increases in costs, or decreases in the availability, of commodities consumed or otherwise used by the Company may adversely affect the Company;
- adverse geotechnical and geological conditions (including geotechnical failures) may result in operating delays and lower throughput or recovery, closures or damage to mine infrastructure;
- the ability of the Company to treat the number of tonnes planned, recover valuable materials, remove deleterious materials and process ore, concentrate and tailings as planned is dependent on a number of factors and assumptions which may not be present or occur as expected;
- the Company's operations may encounter delays in or losses of production due to equipment delays or the availability of equipment;
- the Company's operations are subject to continuously evolving legislation, compliance with which may be difficult, uneconomic or require significant expenditures;
- the Company may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining key personnel;
- labour disruptions could adversely affect the Company's operations;
- the Company's business is subject to risks associated with operating in a foreign country;
- risks related to the Company's use of contractors;
- the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of gold;
- the Company's operations are subject to environmental hazards and compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations;
- the effects of climate change or extreme weather events may cause prolonged disruption to the delivery of essential commodities which could negatively affect production efficiency;
- the Company's operations and workforce are exposed to health and safety risks;
- unexpected costs and delays related to, or the failure of the Company to obtain, necessary permits could impede the Company's operations;
- the Company's title to exploration, development and mining interests can be uncertain and may be contested;
- geotechnical risks associated with the design and operation of a mine and related civil structures;
- the Company's properties may be subject to claims by various community stakeholders;
- risks related to limited access to infrastructure and water;
- the Company's exploration programs may not successfully expand its current mineral reserves or replace them with new reserves;
- risks associated with establishing new mining operations;
- the Company's common shares may experience price and trading volume volatility;
- the Company has never paid dividends and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future;
- the Company's growth, future profitability and ability to obtain financing may be impacted by global financial conditions;
- there may be adverse Canadian tax consequences for a foreign controlled Canadian company that acquires the securities of the Company;
- the Company may be a "passive foreign investment company" in its current and future tax years, which may have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. investors;
- as a foreign private issuer, the Company is subject to different U.S. securities laws and rules than a U.S. domestic issuer, which may limit the information publicly available to U.S. investors;
- the Company may lose its foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses to the Company;
- shareholders of the Company may be unable to sell significant quantities of the Company's common shares into the public trading markets without a significant reduction in the price of their common shares, or at all;
- the exercise of stock options or the settlement of the share units and the subsequent resale of such common shares in the public market could adversely affect the prevailing market price and the Company's ability to raise equity capital in the future at a time and price which it deems appropriate;
- the Company's revenues are dependent on the market prices for gold, which have experienced significant recent fluctuations;
- the Company may not be able to secure additional financing when needed or on acceptable terms;
- Company shareholders may be subject to future dilution;
- risks related to the control of AGM cashflows and operation through a joint venture;
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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- risks related to the market price of common shares;
- risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates;
- risks relating to credit rating downgrades;
- changes to taxation laws applicable to the Company may affect the Company's profitability and ability to repatriate funds;
- risks related to the Company's internal controls over financial reporting and compliance with applicable accounting regulations and securities laws;
- the carrying value of the Company's assets may change and these assets may be subject to impairment charges;
- non-compliance with public disclosure obligations could have an adverse effect on the Company's stock price;
- risks associated with changes in reporting standards;
- the Company's primary asset is held through a joint venture, which exposes the Company to risks inherent to joint ventures, including disagreements with joint venture partners and similar risks;
- the Company may be liable for uninsured or partially insured losses;
- the Company may be subject to litigation;
- damage to Galiano's reputation could result in decreased investor confidence and increased challenges in developing and maintaining community relations which may have adverse effects on the business, results of operations and financial conditions of the joint venture and the Company and the Company's share price;
- the Company may be unsuccessful in identifying targets for acquisition or completing suitable corporate transactions, and any such transactions may not be beneficial to the Company or its shareholders;
- the Company must compete with other mining companies and individuals for mining interests;
- risks related to information systems security threats;
- it may not be possible to enforce actions against certain directors and officers of the Company or the experts named in this prospectus under U.S. federal securities laws; and
- the risk factors described under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Company's annual information form.
Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions, which are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company's control and many of which, regarding future business decisions, are subject to change. Assumptions underlying the Company's expectations regarding forward-looking statements or information contained in this AIF include, among others:
- the ability of the AGM to continue to operate, produce and ship doré from the AGM site to be refined during the COVID-19 pandemic;
- that the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance;
- the Company and Gold Fields will agree on the manner in which the JV will operate the AGM, including agreement on development plans and capital expenditures;
- the price of gold will not decline significantly or for a protracted period of time;
- the Company's ability to raise sufficient funds from future equity financings to support its operations, and general business and economic conditions;
- the global financial markets and general economic conditions will be stable and prosperous in the future;
- the AGM will not experience any significant uninsured production disruptions that would materially affect revenues;
- the ability of the JV and the Company to comply with applicable governmental regulations and standards;
- the mining laws, tax laws and other laws in Ghana applicable to the AGM and the JV will not change, and there will be no imposition of additional exchange controls in Ghana;
- the success of the JV and the Company in implementing its development strategies and achieving its business objectives;
- the JV will have sufficient working capital necessary to sustain its operations on an ongoing basis and the Company will continue to have sufficient working capital to fund its operations and contributions to the JV; and
- the key personnel of the Company and the JV will continue their employment.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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The foregoing list of assumptions cannot be considered exhaustive.
Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, you are cautioned that this list is not exhaustive and there may be other factors that the Company has not identified. Furthermore, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference in, this MD&A if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as otherwise required by applicable law.
Historical results of operations and trends that may be inferred from the following discussions and analysis may not necessarily indicate future results from operations. Historically, the Company's operations have been primarily funded from debt and share issuances, as well as the exercise of share-based options. The Company has had and may have future capital requirements in excess of its currently available resources. In the event the Company's plans change, its assumptions change or prove inaccurate, or its capital resources in addition to projected cash flow, if any, prove to be insufficient to fund its future operations, the Company may be required to seek additional financing.
Although the Company has to-date been able to raise capital, there can be no assurance that the Company will have sufficient financing to meet its future capital requirements or that additional financing will be available on terms acceptable to the Company in the future.
15.2 Cautionary note for United States investors
As a British Columbia corporation and a "reporting issuer" under Canadian securities laws, the Company is required to provide disclosure regarding its mineral properties, including the AGM, in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101"). NI 43-101 is a rule developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators that establishes standards for all public disclosure an issuer makes of scientific and technical information concerning mineral projects. In accordance with NI 43-101, the Company uses the terms mineral reserves and resources as they are defined in accordance with the CIM Definition Standards on mineral reserves and resources (the "CIM Definition Standards") adopted by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (the "CIM Council").
The SEC has adopted amendments to its disclosure rules to modernize the mineral property disclosure requirements for issuers whose securities are registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the U.S. Exchange Act. These amendments will be effective February 25, 2019 (the "SEC Modernization Rules"). The SEC Modernization Rules will replace the historical property disclosure requirements for mining registrants that were included in SEC Industry Guide 7 ("Guide 7"), which will be rescinded. The Company is not required to provide disclosure on its mineral properties, including the AGM, under the SEC Modernization Rules as the Company is presently a "foreign issuer" under the U.S. Exchange Act and entitled to file continuous disclosure reports with the SEC under the MJDS Disclosure System between Canada and the United States.
The SEC Modernization Rules include the adoption of terms describing mineral reserves and mineral resources that are "substantially similar" to the corresponding terms under the CIM Definition Standards. As a result of the adoption of the SEC Modernization Rules, SEC will now recognize estimates of "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources". In addition, the SEC has amended its definitions of "proven mineral reserves" and "probably mineral reserves" to be "substantially similar" to the corresponding CIM Definitions.
United States investors are cautioned that while the above terms are "substantially similar" to CIM Definitions, there are differences in the definitions under the SEC Modernization Rules and the CIM Definition Standards. Accordingly, there is no assurance any mineral reserves or mineral resources that the Company may report as "proven reserves", "probable reserves", "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources" under NI 43-101 would be the same had the Company prepared the reserve or resource estimates under the standards adopted under the SEC Modernization Rules.
| GALIANO GOLD INC.<br><br> <br>(formerly Asanko Gold Inc.)<br><br> <br>MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS<br><br> <br>FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019 |
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United States investors are also cautioned that while the SEC will now recognize "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources", investors should not to assume that any part or all of the mineralization in these categories will ever be converted into a higher category of mineral resources or into mineral reserves. Mineralization described using these terms has a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and feasibility than mineralization that has been characterized as reserves. Accordingly, investors are cautioned not to assume that any "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources", or "inferred mineral resources" that the Company reports are or will be economically or legally mineable.
Further, "inferred resources" have a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and as to whether they can be mined legally or economically. Therefore, United States investors are also cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the inferred resources exist. In accordance with Canadian rules, estimates of "inferred mineral resources" cannot form the basis of feasibility or other economic studies, except in limited circumstances where permitted under NI 43-101.
United States investors are also cautioned that disclosure of exploration potential is conceptual in nature by definition and there is no assurance that exploration of the mineral potential identified will result in any category of NI 43-101 mineral resources being identified.
Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.3 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com
Form 52-109F2
Certification of interim filings - full certificate
I, Greg McCunn, Chief Executive Officer of Galiano Gold Inc. (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.), certify the following:
Review: **** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of Galiano Gold Inc. (the "issuer") for the interim period ended June 30, 2020.
No misrepresentations: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.
Fair presentation: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.
Responsibility: The issuer's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.
Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings
(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that
(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and
(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.
5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is based on Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
5.2 ICFR - material weakness relating to design: N/A
5.3 Limitation on scope of design: N/A
- Reporting changes in ICFR: **** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on April 1, 2020 and ended on June 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.
Date: July 30, 2020
/s/ Greg McCunn
_______________________
Greg McCunn
Chief Executive Officer
Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.4 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com
Form 52-109F2
Certification of interim filings - full certificate
I, Fausto Di Trapani, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Galiano Gold Inc. (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.), certify the following:
Review: **** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of Galiano Gold Inc. (the "issuer") for the interim period ended June 30, 2020.
No misrepresentations: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.
Fair presentation: **** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.
Responsibility: The issuer's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings, for the issuer.
Design: Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings
(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that
(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and
(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.
5.1 Control framework: The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is based on Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
5.2 ICFR - material weakness relating to design: N/A
5.3 Limitation on scope of design: N/A
- Reporting changes in ICFR: **** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on April 1, 2020 and ended on June 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.
Date: July 30, 2020
/s/ Fausto Di Trapani
_____________________
Fausto Di Trapani
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Galiano Gold Inc.: Exhibit 99.5 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

(All dollar amounts are United States dollars unless otherwise stated)
GALIANO GOLD REPORTS Q2 2020 RESULTS
Vancouver, British Columbia, July 30, 2020 - Galiano Gold Inc. ("Galiano" or the "Company") (TSX, NYSE American: GAU) (formerly Asanko Gold Inc.) reports second quarter ("Q2") 2020 operating and financial results^1^ for the Asanko Gold Mine ("AGM"), located in Ghana, West Africa. The AGM is a 50:50 joint venture ("JV") with Gold Fields Ltd (JSE, NYSE: GFI), which is managed and operated by Galiano.
Q2 2020 Asanko Gold Mine Highlights (100% basis)
Record quarterly gold production of 69,026 ounces at an all-in sustaining cost^2^ ("AISC") of $1,067/oz
Gold sales of 61,357 ounces at an average realized price of $1,651/oz, generating gold sales proceeds of $101.3 million
Strong cash flow generation with operating cash flow of $48.8 million, and free cash flow^2^ of $22.6 million
As at June 30, 2020, the JV had cash of $47.8 million (with the RMB revolving credit facility of $30.0 million fully drawn) and an estimated amount of approximately $10.0 million in gold on hand
Completed exploration drilling programs at Akwasiso and Abore with results indicating an extension of mineralization of both pits
Q2 2020 Quarterly Highlights for Galiano Gold Inc.
Net income after tax of $14.7 million and Adjusted EBITDA^2^ of $18.5 million
At June 30, 2020, Galiano held cash and receivables of $68.0 million
Continued returning capital to shareholders through the normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") program with 326,654 common shares repurchased and cancelled for $0.3 million
Entered into an At-the-Money Offering Agreement whereby the Company may sell common shares for aggregate gross proceeds of up to US$50.0 million, the offering is an additional tool to augment the Company's capital needs as and when required. No shares were sold pursuant to the At-the-Market Offering Agreement in Q2.
Published the 2019 Sustainability Report on July 17, 2020
"Q2 was another strong operational and financial quarter at the Asanko Gold Mine," said Greg McCunn, Chief Executive Officer. "The stability and flexibility with multiple pits in operation has provided us with a sixth consecutive quarter of production of over 60,000 ounces. The strength in operations delivered another quarter of solid cash flow which enabled the AGM to return capital through a distribution to the joint venture partners totalling $30 million during the quarter bringing year-to-date distributions from the joint venture to $75m.

We remain on track for our production guidance of 225,000 to 245,000 ounces at all-in sustaining costs of between $1,000 - $1,100/oz. Over the second half of the year with the Nkran Cut 2 depleted, ore will be sourced from the lower grade Esaase Main and Akwasiso pits. While year-to-date AISC are well below the bottom end of our guidance at $929/oz, we are anticipating a planned increase to our costs in Q3 as we ramp-up sustaining capital expenditures associated with the raise of the tailings storage facility, and ongoing stripping costs at Esaase Main and Akwasiso. We also expect a decline in production compared to our record breaking Q2 as a result of the lower grade from both pits as the AGM transitions to Akwasiso as the AGM's primary fresh ore source."
"Following the launch of our re-invigorated exploration program, we were pleased with the results to date which indicate an extension of the mineralization at both the Akwasiso and Abore pits. We have also completed a drilling program at the Nkran pit to both improve confidence in the resource model for Cut 3 and to test mineralization below the planned pit. The focus on exploration in Q3 will be on delineating and expanding upon known mineralization at the highly prospective Mirandani targets."
Asanko Gold Mine - Summary of Q2 2020 Operational and Financial Results (100%)
| AGM (100% basis before any impairment adjustments) | Q2 2020 | Q1 2020 | Q2 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ore mined ('000t) | 1,361 | 1,911 | 1,056 |
| Waste mined ('000t) | 8,128 | 7,051 | 7,808 |
| Total mined ('000t) | 9,489 | 8,962 | 8,864 |
| Strip ratio (W:O) | 6.0 | 3.7 | 7.4 |
| Average gold grade mined (g/t) | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| Mining cost ($/t mined) | 3.59 | 3.89 | 4.36 |
| Ore milled ('000t) | 1,638 | 1,400 | 1,375 |
| Average mill head grade (g/t) | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| Average recovery rate (%) | 94 | 94 | 93 |
| Processing cost ($/t treated) | 9.77 | 11.13 | 10.60 |
| Gold production (oz) | 69,026 | 66,333 | 62,067 |
| Gold sales (oz) | 61,357 | 67,820 | 66,337 |
| Average realized gold price ($/oz) | 1,651 | 1,542 | 1,290 |
| Operating cash costs^2^ ($/oz) | 725 | 599 | 660 |
| Total cash costs^2^ ($/oz) | 807 | 676 | 724 |
| All-in sustaining costs^2^ ($/oz) | 1,067 | 805 | 1,180 |
| All-in sustaining margin^2^ ($/oz) | 584 | 737 | 110 |
| All-in sustaining margin^2^ ($m) | 35.8 | 50.0 | 7.3 |
| Revenue ($m) | 101.5 | 104.8 | 85.7 |
| Income from mine operations ($m) | 35.9 | 48.4 | 20.8 |
| Cash provided by operating activities | 48.8 | 37.0 | 20.5 |
During the quarter, there were no lost time injuries ("LTI") and one total recordable injury ("TRI") reported resulting in a LTI frequency rate of nil per million employee hours worked and a TRI frequency rate of 0.41 per million employee hours worked.
Gold production of 69,026 ounces during the three months ended June 30, 2020.
During Q2 2020, the AGM sold 61,357 ounces of gold at an average realized gold price of $1,651/oz. Revenues totaled $101.5 million (including $0.2 million of by-product revenue).
The AGM incurred operating cash costs per ounce^2^ of $725, total cash costs per ounce^2^ of $807 and AISC^2^ of $1,067 per ounce in Q2 2020. The increase in total cash costs per ounce^2^ and AISC^2^ from Q1 2020 was primarily due to higher sustaining capital cost associated with raising the height of the AGM's tailings storage facility, while production costs in Q2 2020 did not benefit from the same positive net realizable value adjustments as did occur in Q1 2020. In addition, the AGM recorded lower gold sales volumes in Q2 2020 which had the effect of increasing fixed production costs on a per unit basis. AISC^2^ was also higher in Q2 2020 due to higher royalty expense as a result of elevated gold prices and the impact of COVID-19.
Total cost of sales (including depreciation and depletion and royalties) amounted to $65.7 million in Q2 2020, an increase of $0.7 million from Q2 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily due to higher total cash costs and royalties expense arising from improvement in the gold price during Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019. These factors were partly offset by a decrease in gold ounces sold in Q2 2020 compared to Q2 2019 and a reduction in depreciation and depletion expense following the impairment recorded in Q4 2019.
Strong cash flow generation with operating cash flow of $48.8 million (after taking into account favorable working capital changes of $4.6 million) and free cash flow^2^ of $22.6 million during Q2 2020. This compares to $20.5 million of cash flows from operating activities and $2.6 million of free cash flow^2^ during Q2 2019. The improvement in free cash flow^2^ was the result of a $14.1 million increase in income from operations (excluding depreciation and depletion) and a $19.4 million favorable decrease in cash invested in non-cash working capital when comparing Q2 2020 to Q2 2019. These factors were partly offset by an $8.7 million increase in cash flows associated with capital expenditure from Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 relating to the raise of the tailings storage facility as well as the Tetrem village relocation project.
As at June 30, 2020, the JV had cash of $47.8 million (including the funds from the fully drawn $30.0 million revolving line of credit) and $10.0 million in gold on hand.
Galiano Gold Inc. - Summary Q2 2020 Financial Results
| Consolidated | Q2 2020 | Q1 2020 | Q2 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net income ($m) | 14.7 | 21.8 | 6.1 |
| Net income per share | $0.07 | $0.10 | $0.03 |
| Adjusted EBITDA^2^ ($m) | 18.5 | 21.9 | 12.4 |
The Company reported net income after tax of $14.7 million in Q2 2020 compared to net income of $6.1 million in Q2 2019. The improvement in earnings during Q2 2020 was predominantly the result of an increase in the Company's 45% interest in the net earnings of the JV which totaled $14.3 million for the quarter.
The Company continued to return capital to shareholders through its NCIB program. During Q2 2020, the Company repurchased and cancelled a total of 326,654 common shares under the NCIB program for $0.3 million (average acquisition price of $0.86 per share).
During the quarter, the Company received $15.0 million in distributions from the JV. These payments were recorded as redemptions of the previously recognized preference shares.
As at June 30, 2020, the Company had cash on hand of $64.9 million and $3.0 million in receivables for a gross liquidity position of $68.0 million and no debt.
Adjusted EBITDA^2^ for Q2 2020 amounted to $18.5 million, compared to $12.4 million in Q2 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily a result of the increase in the Company's interest in the AGM's net earnings.
Cash used in operating activities in Q2 2020 was $1.0 million, compared to $2.1 million in Q2 2019. The decrease in cash used in operations was due to cash inflows associated with working capital changes during Q2 2020.
2020 Outlook
In 2020, the AGM is on track to deliver on its guidance of 225,000 to 245,000 ounces of gold production at AISC^2^ of $1,000 to $1,100/oz. AISC^2^ includes budgeted sustaining capital expenditures of $11 million (spend to date: $7.0 million), primarily for a planned tailings storage facility lift of $7 million. Year-to-date AISC^2^ performance has been below the Company's guidance range and, accordingly, the Company expects AISC^2^ for the remainder of the year to be higher than the guidance range and significantly higher than AISC^2^ in the first half of the year, but yielding a full-year AISC^2^ in line with guidance.
The Company expects a decline in production during the second half of the year (compared to production achieved in the first half of 2020) as the mine plan expects to source ore primarily from Esaase and transition to Akwasiso as the AGM's primary fresh ore source, resulting in a lower mined grade for the second half of 2020. These ore sources will be augmented where necessary with run-of-mine stockpile material.
Development capital is forecast at $24 million (spend to date: $16.0 million), primarily for the Tetrem village relocation. In addition, $10 million is budgeted for exploration (spend to date: $3.2 million), mainly around the Miradani mineralized trend.
| Guidance | YTD (Actual) | FY 2020 (Forecast) |
|---|---|---|
| Gold Production (oz) | 135,359 | 225,000 - 245,000 |
| AISC^2^ ($/oz) | 929 | 1,000 - 1,100 |
COVID-19 Update
The JV continues to operate in all material respects with strict hygiene, deep cleaning, restriction of personnel movement, ongoing monitoring and physical distancing protocols in place in accordance with the Ghanaian Ministry of Health Guidelines. The AGM has established additional protocols and procedures to manage any confirmed cases of COVID-19, including contact tracing, isolating affected persons, rapid testing of personnel and transportation of infected personnel to Government run isolation facilities; additionally, on-site accommodations have been modified to isolate infected and suspected to be infected individuals limiting cross contamination. As a result, though there have been several confirmed cases of COVID-19 among the operational personnel at the AGM (mostly asymptomatic), to date the AGM’s operations have been able to continue uninterrupted in all material respects with all confirmed cases cleared and those employees resuming normal duties after completing two-week regulatory isolation. The Company’s Johannesburg office is currently closed and staff are working remotely as a number of personnel have tested positive for COVID-19, with some staff experiencing symptoms and, in one case, requiring hospitalization. The Company’s offices in Vancouver and Accra are observing local regulations and, along with the Johannesburg team, continue to support the AGM’s operations.
The AGM has continued to build its supply chain and has stockpiled key reagents, consumables, critical spares and diesel supply. The AGM's primary refiner, based in South Africa, continues to receive shipments and refine gold doré from the AGM.
| This news release should be read in conjunction with Galiano's Management's Discussion and Analysis and the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, which are available at www.galianogold.com and filed on SEDAR. |
|---|
Notes:
^1^^^During Q2 2020, in order to align with a recent change in Gold Fields' production calendar, the period-end close was moved from the eighth calendar day prior to the quarter-end to a calendar period-end cut-off. As a result, Q2 2020 included an additional eight days of production. This is a once-off timing adjustment.
^2^ Non-GAAP Performance Measures
The Company has included certain non-GAAP performance measures in this press release. These non-GAAP performance measures do not have any standardized meaning. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section of Galiano's Management Discussion and Analysis for an explanation of these measures and reconciliations to the Company's reported financial results in accordance with IFRS.
- Operating Cash Costs per ounce and Total Cash Costs per ounce
Operating cash costs are reflective of the cost of production, adjusted for share-based payments and by-product revenue per ounce of gold sold. Total cash costs include production royalties of 5%.
- All-in Sustaining Costs Per Gold Ounce
The Company has adopted the reporting of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce" ("AISC") as per the World Gold Council's guidance. AISC include total cash costs, corporate overhead expenses, sustaining capital expenditure, capitalized stripping costs and reclamation cost accretion per ounce of gold sold.
- Adjusted net income attributable to common shareholders
The Company has included the non-GAAP performance measures of adjusted net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders and adjusted net income (loss) per common share. Neither adjusted net income nor adjusted net income per share have any standardized meaning and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to other measures presented by other issuers. Adjusted net income excludes certain non-cash items from net income or net loss to provide a measure which helps the Company and investors to evaluate the results of the underlying core operations of the Company and its ability to generate cash flows and is an important indicator of the strength of our operations and the performance of our core business.
- Adjusted EBITDA
EBITDA provides an indication of the Company's continuing capacity to generate income from operations before taking into account the Company's financing decisions and costs of amortizing capital assets. Accordingly, EBITDA comprises net income (loss) excluding interest expense, interest income, amortization and depletion, and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA to exclude non-recurring items and to include the Company's interest in the adjusted EBITDA of the JV. Other companies and JV partners may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently.
- Free cash flow
The Company believes that in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, the Company and certain investors and analysts use free cash flow to evaluate the JV's performance with respect to its operating cash flow capacity to meet non-discretionary outflows of cash. The presentation of free cash flow is not meant to be a substitute for the cash flow information presented in accordance with IFRS, but rather should be evaluated in conjunction with such IFRS measures. Free cash flow is calculated as cash flows from operating activities of the JV adjusted for cash flows associated with sustaining and non-sustaining capital expenditures and payments made to mining contractors for leases capitalized under IFRS 16.
Enquiries:
Lynette Gould
SVP Investor Relations
Toll-Free (N. America): 1-855-246-7341
Telephone: 1-778-729-0608
Email: lynette.gould@galianogold.com
About Galiano Gold Inc.
Galiano is focused on creating **** a sustainable business capable of long-term value creation for its stakeholders through exploration and disciplined deployment of its financial resources. The company currently operates and manages the Asanko Gold Mine, located in Ghana, West Africa which is jointly owned with Gold Fields Ltd. The Company is strongly committed to the highest standards for environmental management, social responsibility, and health and safety for its employees and neighbouring communities. For more information, please visit www.galianogold.com.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements and information contained in this news release constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of applicable U.S. securities laws and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws, which we refer to collectively as "forward-looking statements". Forward-looking statements are statements and information regarding possible events, conditions or results of operations that are based upon assumptions about future conditions and courses of action. All statements and information other than statements of historical fact may be forward looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "seek", "expect", "anticipate", "budget", "plan", "estimate", "continue", "forecast", "intend", "believe", "predict", "potential", "target", "may", "could", "would", "might", "will" and similar words or phrases (including negative variations) suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding an outlook.
Forward-looking statements in this news release include, but are not limited to: estimates regarding the value of the gold currently held at the AGM; expectations with respect to the Company's exploration program, including the expected results therefrom and the associated impact on the AGM's mineral reserve and resource estimates, the timelines associated therewith, additional follow-on exploration programs, the ability of the exploration program to replace depletion from mining operations and the expected cost of the exploration program; statements with respect to future sales pursuant to the Company's at-the-market offering; statements with respect to planned mining and development operations at the AGM for the remainder of 2020; expectations regarding development capital; expected gold production; and cost estimates. Such forward-looking statements are based on a number of material factors and assumptions, including, but not limited to: the ability of the AGM to continue to operate during the COVID-19 pandemic; that gold production and other activities will not be curtailed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; that the AGM will be able to continue to ship doré from the AGM site to be refined; that the doré produced by the AGM will continue to be able to be refined at similar rates and costs to the AGM, or at all; that the other current or potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business, operations and financial position, including restrictions on the movement of persons (and in particular, the AGM's workforce), restrictions on business activities, including access to the AGM, restrictions on the transport of goods, trade restrictions, increases in the cost of necessary inputs, reductions in the availability of necessary inputs and productivity and operational constraints, will not impact its 2020 production and cost guidance; that the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic will be effective in continuing its operations in the ordinary course; the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions underlying the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates, including future gold prices, cut-off grades and production and processing estimates; the successful completion of development and exploration projects, planned expansions or other projects within the timelines anticipated and at anticipated production levels; that mineral resources can be developed as planned; that the Company's relationship with joint venture partners will continue to be positive and beneficial to the Company; interest and exchange rates; that required financing and permits will be obtained; general economic conditions; that labour disputes or disruptions, flooding, ground instability, geotechnical failure, fire, failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate are as anticipated and other risks of the mining industry will not be encountered; that contracted parties provide goods or services in a timely manner; that there is no material adverse change in the price of gold or other metals; competitive conditions in the mining industry; title to mineral properties; costs; taxes; the retention of the Company's key personnel; and changes in laws, rules and regulations applicable to Galiano.
Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. The Company believes the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements contained herein. Some of the risks and other factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements contained in this news release, include, but are not limited to: the Company's and/or the AGM's operations may be curtailed or halted entirely as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, whether as a result of governmental or regulatory law or pronouncement, or otherwise; that the doré produced at the AGM may not be able to be refined at expected levels, on expected terms or at all; that the Company and/or the AGM will experience increased operating costs as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; that the AGM may not be able to source necessary inputs on commercially reasonable terms, or at all; the Company's and the AGM's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic may not be successful in continuing its operations in the ordinary course; mineral reserve and resource estimates may change and may prove to be inaccurate; life of mine estimates are based on a number of factors and assumptions and may prove to be incorrect; AGM has a limited operating history and is subject to risks associated with establishing new mining operations; sustained increases in costs, or decreases in the availability, of commodities consumed or otherwise used by the Company may adversely affect the Company; actual production, costs, returns and other economic and financial performance may vary from the Company's estimates in response to a variety of factors, many of which are not within the Company's control; adverse geotechnical and geological conditions (including geotechnical failures) may result in operating delays and lower throughput or recovery, closures or damage to mine infrastructure; the ability of the Company to treat the number of tonnes planned, recover valuable materials, remove deleterious materials and process ore, concentrate and tailings as planned is dependent on a number of factors and assumptions which may not be present or occur as expected; the Company's operations may encounter delays in or losses of production due to equipment delays or the availability of equipment; the Company's operations are subject to continuously evolving legislation, compliance with which may be difficult, uneconomic or require significant expenditures; the Company may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining key personnel; labour disruptions could adversely affect the Company's operations; the Company's business is subject to risks associated with operating in a foreign country; risks related to the Company's use of contractors; the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of gold; the Company's operations are subject to environmental hazards and compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations; the Company's operations and workforce are exposed to health and safety risks; unexpected costs and delays related to, or the failure of the Company to obtain, necessary permits could impede the Company's operations; the Company's title to exploration, development and mining interests can be uncertain and may be contested; the Company's properties may be subject to claims by various community stakeholders; risks related to limited access to infrastructure and water; the Company's exploration programs may not successfully expand its current mineral reserves or replace them with new reserves; the Company's common shares may experience price and trading volume volatility; the Company's revenues are dependent on the market prices for gold, which have experienced significant recent fluctuations; the Company may not be able to secure additional financing when needed or on acceptable terms; Company shareholders may be subject to future dilution; risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates; changes to taxation laws applicable to the Company may affect the Company's profitability and ability to repatriate funds; the Company's primary asset is held through a joint venture, which exposes the Company to risks inherent to joint ventures, including disagreements with joint venture partners and similar risks; risks related to the Company's internal controls over financial reporting and compliance with applicable accounting regulations and securities laws; the carrying value of the Company's assets may change and these assets may be subject to impairment charges; the Company may be liable for uninsured or partially insured losses; the Company may be subject to litigation; the Company may be unsuccessful in identifying targets for acquisition or completing suitable corporate transactions, and any such transactions may not be beneficial to the Company or its shareholders; the Company must compete with other mining companies and individuals for mining interests; and risks related to information systems security threats.
Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, you are cautioned that this list is not exhaustive and there may be other factors that the Company has not identified. Furthermore, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference in, this news release if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as otherwise required by applicable law.
Neither Toronto Stock Exchange nor the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.
Source: Galiano Gold Inc.