Gold Royalty Corp F-3, filed May 14, 2026
Gold Royalty Corp. (GROY)
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 13, 2026
Registration No. 333-[●]
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM F-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
GOLD ROYALTY CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
| Canada | Not Applicable | |
| (State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification Number) |
1188 West Georgia Street, Suite 1830
Vancouver, BC V6E 4A2
(604) 396-3066
(Address and telephone number of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Puglisi & Associates
850 Library Ave., Suite 204
Newark, DE 19711
(302) 738-6680
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)
Copies to:
Rick A. Werner, Esq. Alla Digilova, Esq. Haynes and Boone, LLP 30 Rockefeller Plaza 26th Floor New York, New York 10112 Tel: +1 212 659-7300 |
Rod Talaifar, Esq. Sangra Moller LLP Suite 2200 – 1021 W Hastings Street Vancouver, BC, Canada V6E 0C3 Tel: +1 604 662-8808 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 13, 2026
PROSPECTUS
$500,000,000
Common Shares
Preferred Shares
Warrants
Subscription Receipts
Debt Securities
Units
We may offer, issue and sell from time to time, in one or more offerings, common shares, preferred shares, warrants, subscription receipts, debt securities or units, which we collectively refer to as the “securities.” The aggregate initial offering price of the securities that we may offer and sell under this prospectus will not exceed $500.0 million.
We may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in different series, at times, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at or prior to the time of each offering. This prospectus describes the general terms of these securities and the general manner in which these securities will be offered. Each time we sell securities pursuant to this prospectus, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the offering and the specific terms of the securities offered. The prospectus supplement will also describe the specific manner in which these securities will be offered and may also supplement, update or amend information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement before you invest.
The securities covered by this prospectus may be offered through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, if any, will be included in a supplement to this prospectus. For general information about the distribution of securities offered, please see “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page 27.
Our common shares are listed on the NYSE American LLC (“NYSE American”) under the symbol “GROY”. Our warrants to purchase our common shares at a price of $2.25 per share expiring May 31, 2027 (the “Listed Warrants”) are listed on the NYSE American under the symbol “GROY.WS”. On May 12, 2026, the closing price of our common shares and Listed Warrants as reported on the NYSE American was $3.70 and $1.68, respectively.
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “foreign private issuer” under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules, and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings. See the section entitled “Prospectus Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Foreign Private Issuer” for additional information.
You should rely only on the information contained herein or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus as described on page 8 of this prospectus.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is , 2026
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| i |
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC (as defined below) utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf process, we may sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total price to the public of $500.0 million. The offer and sale of securities under this prospectus may be made from time to time, in one or more offerings, in any manner described under the section in this prospectus entitled “Plan of Distribution.”
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus, and may also contain information about any material federal income tax considerations relating to the securities covered by the prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement together with additional information under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.”
This summary may not contain all of the information that may be important to you. You should read this entire prospectus, including the financial statements and related notes and other financial data incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before making an investment decision. This summary contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Unless otherwise indicated, references in this registration statement to “Gold Royalty”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Gold Royalty Corp., a company incorporated under the laws of Canada, together with its subsidiaries unless the context requires otherwise. We express all amounts in this registration statement in U.S. dollars, except where otherwise indicated.
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to:
| ● | “dollar”, “$” and “US$” are to U.S. dollars and references to “C$” are to Canadian dollars; |
| ● | the “Securities Act” refers to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; |
| ● | the “Exchange Act” refers to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
| ● | the “SEC” refers to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. |
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Our annual consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS Accounting Standards”). Our condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as applicable to the presentation of interim financial statements including International Accounting Standard 34, Interim Financial Reporting. The condensed interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025. None of the financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. We present our financial statements in U.S. dollars.
| 1 |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING MINERAL RESERVES AND MINERAL RESOURCES
We are subject to the reporting requirements of applicable Canadian and United States securities laws. The disclosure of scientific and technical information regarding the properties underlying our royalty and streaming interests contained in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the most recent year incorporated by reference herein, is presented in accordance with subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (“SK1300”), which differs from the disclosure requirements set forth under Canadian Securities Administrators’ National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43- 101”).
In many cases, the owners and operators of the mineral properties underlying our royalty, streaming and other interests have disclosed scientific and technical information regarding such projects pursuant to NI 43-101 and the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (“CIM”) – CIM Definition Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (the “CIM Definition Standards”), adopted by the CIM Council, as amended, which differs from the requirements under SK1300. In addition, certain of the operators of the properties underlying our interests prepare mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates in accordance with the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (“JORC”), which differs from NI 43-101 and SK1300.
Under SK1300, the SEC recognizes estimates of “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred mineral resources”. Although the SEC has amended its definitions of “proven mineral reserves” and “probable mineral reserves” to be substantially similar to the corresponding CIM Definition Standards, U.S. shareholders are cautioned that there are differences in the definitions and standards under SK1300 and the CIM Definition Standards. Accordingly, there is no assurance that estimates of mineral resources and mineral reserves disclosed by the operators underlying our royalty, streaming and other interests under NI 43-101 or JORC or disclosed by us in our Canadian disclosure documents will be the same as the reserve or resource estimates prepared by U.S. companies under SK1300.
Readers should not assume that any part or all of the mineralization in the “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” and “inferred mineral resources” categories will ever be converted into a higher category of mineral resources or into mineral reserves. Mineralization described using these terms has a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and feasibility than mineralization that has been characterized as reserves. Further, “inferred resources” have a greater amount of uncertainty as to their existence and as to whether they can be mined legally or economically. Therefore, U.S. shareholders are also cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the inferred resources exist.
TECHNICAL AND THIRD-PARTY INFORMATION
The disclosure contained or incorporated by reference herein respecting the projects underlying our royalty, streaming and similar interests has been prepared in accordance with the exemption set forth in Items 1303(a)(3) and 1304(a)(2) of SK1300, in the U.S., and in Section 9.2 of NI 43-101, in Canada, and is based on information publicly disclosed by the owners and operators of such properties.
As a royalty holder, we have limited, if any, access to properties underlying the royalty, streaming and other interests included in our asset portfolio. Additionally, we may from time to time receive operating information from the owners and operators of the properties, which we are not permitted to disclose to the public. We are dependent on the operators of the properties to provide information to us or on publicly available information to prepare disclosure pertaining to properties and operations on the properties on which we hold interests and generally will have limited or no ability to independently verify such information. Although we do not have any knowledge that such information may not be accurate, there can be no assurance that such third-party information is complete or accurate.
We are relying on the exemption for royalty companies set forth in Section 1302(b)(3)(ii) of SK1300, which provides that a stream, royalty or similar company is not required to file a technical report summary with the SEC with respect to an underlying property where either (a) obtaining the information would result in an unreasonable burden or expense, or (b) the technical report summary has been requested from the applicable owner, operator or other person possessing the technical report summary, who is not affiliated with the registrant, and who denied the request. The summary and individual mineral property disclosures contained herein are also provided in accordance with Sections 1303(a)(3) and 1304(a)(2) of SK1300, respectively, which provide that a registrant with a stream, royalty or other similar right may omit certain information required by the summary and individual property disclosure requirements if the registrant specifies the information to which it lacks access, explains the reason it lacks the required information and provides all required information that it does possess or which it can acquire without incurring an unreasonable burden or expense.
| 2 |
Based on relevant factors, we have determined that our royalty interest in portions of the Canadian Malartic Property, located in Québec, Canada is currently our only material property for the purposes of SK1300 and NI 43-101. We will continue to assess the materiality of our assets, including as new assets are acquired or as existing assets are further explored and developed.
Our agreements governing our royalty and streaming interests generally do not require the operators to prepare technical report summaries or permit us the access and information sufficient to prepare our own technical report summaries under SK1300.
Unless otherwise noted, the disclosure contained or incorporated by reference herein of a scientific or technical nature relating to the Canadian Malartic Property has been derived from the technical report titled “NI 43-101 Technical Report, Canadian Malartic Mine, Québec, Canada” dated March 25, 2021, and with an effective date of December 31, 2020, prepared for Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd. (“Agnico Eagle”), and Yamana Gold Inc. (“Yamana”), and such report is available under their respective profiles on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval + (“SEDAR+”) at www.sedarplus.ca (the “Canadian Malartic Technical Report”).
The scientific and technical information contained or incorporated herein relating to our royalty and streaming interests has been reviewed and approved by Alastair Still, P.Geo., who is our Director of Technical Services and a qualified person as such term is defined under NI 43-101 and SK1300.
We obtained certain statistical data, market data and other industry data and forecasts used or incorporated by reference into this prospectus from publicly available information. While we believe that the statistical data, industry data, forecasts and market research are reliable, we have not independently verified the data, and do not make any representation as to the accuracy of the information.
All websites referred to herein are inactive textual references only, meaning that the information contained on such websites is not incorporated by reference herein and you should not consider information contained on such websites as part of this document unless expressly specified herein.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, contains, and any prospectus supplement may include, forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act and may constitute “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, “forward-looking statements”). Forward-looking statements include statements that may relate to our plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events, future revenue or performance, capital expenditures, financing needs and other information that is not historical information. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by the use of terminology such as “subject to”, “believe”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “target”, “expect”, “intend”, “estimate”, “project”, “outlook”, “may”, “will”, “should”, “would”, “could”, “can”, the negatives thereof, variations thereon and similar expressions, or by discussions of strategy. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, performance or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking. In particular, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:
| ● | our plans and objectives, including our acquisition and growth strategy; | |
| ● | our future financial and operational performance, including expectations regarding projected future revenues; | |
| ● | royalty and other payments to be made to us by the owners and operators of the projects underlying our royalties, streaming and other interests; | |
| ● | expectations regarding our royalties, streaming and other interests; | |
| ● | the plans and expectations of the operators of properties underlying our royalty and streaming interests; | |
| ● | estimates of mineral reserves and mineral resources on the projects in which we have royalty and streaming interests; | |
| ● | estimates regarding future revenue, expenses and needs for additional financing; and | |
| ● | adequacy of capital and financing needs. |
| 3 |
These forward-looking statements are based on our opinions, estimates and assumptions in light of our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other assumptions that we currently believe are appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances, including that:
| ● | the public disclosures of the operators regarding the properties underlying our interests are accurate, including that such operators will meet their disclosed production targets and expectations; | |
| ● | current gold, base metal and other commodity prices will be sustained, or will improve; | |
| ● | the proposed development of the projects underlying our interests will be viable operationally and economically and will proceed as expected; | |
| ● | any additional financing required by us will be available on reasonable terms; and | |
| ● | operators of the properties in which we hold royalties and streaming interests will not experience any material accident, labor dispute or failure of equipment. |
Despite a careful process to prepare and review the forward-looking statements, there can be no assurance that the underlying opinions, estimates and assumptions will prove to be correct.
Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of the following risk factors, among others:
| ● | our revenue and the value of our royalty and streaming interests are subject to volatility in metal prices, which could negatively affect our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition; | |
| ● | we own passive interests in mining properties, and it is difficult or impossible for us to ensure properties are developed or operated in our best interest; | |
| ● | a substantial majority of our royalty and streaming interests are on non-producing properties and these and any future royalty, streaming or similar interests we acquire, particularly on exploration and development stage properties, are subject to the risk that they may never achieve production; | |
| ● | we have limited or no access to data or the operations underlying our existing or future royalty, streaming or similar interests, which makes it more difficult for us to project or assess the performance of our royalty and streaming interests; | |
| ● | a significant portion of our asset value and revenue comes from a small number of operating properties, which means that adverse developments at these properties could have a more significant or lasting impact on our results of operations than if our revenue was less concentrated; | |
| ● | the value and potential revenue from our royalty, streaming and similar interests are subject to many of the risks faced by the owners and operators of our existing or future royalty, streaming or similar interests; | |
| ● | our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by market and economic conditions; | |
| ● | we may enter into acquisitions or other material transactions at any time, which transactions may necessitate additional debt or equity financing; | |
| ● | our future growth is, to an extent, dependent on our acquisition strategy and our ability to acquire additional royalty or streaming interests at appropriate valuations; | |
| ● | future indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and impair our ability to operate our business; | |
| ● | our business and revenues could be adversely affected by problems concerning the existence, validity, enforceability, terms or geographic extent of our royalty and streaming interests and our interests may similarly be materially and adversely impacted by change of control, bankruptcy or the insolvency of operators; | |
| ● | if title to mining claims, concessions, licenses, leases or other forms of tenure is not properly maintained by the operators, or is successfully challenged by third-parties, our existing royalty and streaming interests could be found to be invalid; | |
| ● | operators may interpret our existing or future royalties, streaming or other interests in a manner adverse to us or otherwise may not abide by their contractual obligations, and we could be forced to take legal action to enforce our contractual rights; | |
| ● | certain of our royalty interests are subject to buy-down and other rights of third-parties; |
| 4 |
| ● | development and operation of mines is capital intensive and any inability of the operators of properties underlying our existing or future royalty, streaming or similar interests to meet liquidity needs, obtain financing or operate profitably could have material adverse effects on the value of, and revenue from, such interests; | |
| ● | estimates of mineral resources and mineral reserves disclosed by the owners and operators of the properties underlying our royalty, streaming and similar interests may be subject to significant revision; | |
| ● | depleted mineral reserves may not be replenished, which could reduce the income we would have expected to receive from a particular royalty, streaming or similar interest; | |
| ● | operations in foreign countries or other sovereign jurisdictions are subject to many risks, which could decrease our revenues; | |
| ● | we may enter into transactions with related parties and such transactions present possible conflicts of interest. | |
| ● | the mining industry is subject to environmental risks in the jurisdictions where projects underlying our interests are located, including risk associated with climate change; | |
| ● | opposition from Indigenous peoples may delay or suspend development or operations at the properties where we hold royalty or similar interests, which could decrease our revenues; |
| ● | evolving expectations regarding ESG matters may adversely affect our business, including as a result of additional costs, reputational damage, and/or litigation; | |
| ● | our operations and those of the owners and operators of the properties underlying our interests may be negatively impacted by the effects of the spread of illnesses or other public health emergencies; | |
| ● | we depend on the services of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Development Officer and other management and key employees; | |
| ● | certain of our directors and officers also serve as directors and officers of other companies in the mining sector, which may cause them to have conflicts of interest; | |
| ● | a significant disruption to our information technology systems or those of our third-party service providers could adversely affect our business and operating results; | |
| ● | potential litigation affecting the properties that we have royalty, streaming or similar interests in could have a material adverse effect on us; | |
| ● | we may use certain financial instruments that subject us to a number of inherent risks; and | |
| ● | the other factors discussed under “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the most recent year incorporated by reference herein, and other disclosure documents, which are available under our profile at www.sedarplus.ca and www.sec.gov. |
This list of factors should not be construed as exhaustive. The Company does not intend to and does not assume any obligations to update forward-looking statements, except as required by applicable law.
The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, or the information incorporated by reference herein relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in such document. Except as required by U.S. federal securities law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, and the information incorporated by reference herein, along with any exhibits thereto, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Other sections of this prospectus, prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein include additional factors which could adversely impact our business and financial performance.
| 5 |
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference herein and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before deciding to invest in our securities, you should read this entire prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement carefully, including the sections of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors”, “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements”, the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the most recent year incorporated by reference herein (together with any material changes thereto contained in subsequent filed reports on Form 6-K), our consolidated financial statements and the related notes incorporated by reference in this prospectus and all other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
Our Company
We are a precious metals focused royalty company offering creative financing solutions to the metals and mining industry. Our diversified portfolio includes 258 royalty and streaming interests across varying stages, of which 8 are on cash flowing assets.
Our mission is to acquire royalties, streaming and similar interests at various stages of the mine life cycle to build a balanced portfolio offering near, medium and longer-term returns for our investors.
In carrying out our long-term growth strategy, we seek and continually review opportunities to expand our portfolio through the acquisition of existing or newly created royalties, streaming or similar interests and through accretive acquisitions of companies that hold such assets. In acquiring newly created interests, we act as a source of financing to mining companies for the development and exploration of projects.
Our “royalty generator model” is focused on mineral properties held by us and our subsidiaries and additional properties we may acquire from time to time, with the aim of subsequently optioning or selling them to third-party mining companies in transactions where we would retain a royalty, carried interest or other similar interest. We believe the royalty generator model provides increased volume of potential royalty opportunities, targeting opportunities with potential exploration upside.
We do not conduct development or mining operations on the properties in which we hold interests and we are not required to contribute capital costs for these properties. We may, from time to time, conduct non-material exploration related activities to advance our royalty generator model.
Recent Developments
On May 6, 2026, we announced that John Griffith, Chief Development Officer, has been appointed President of the Company and, effective July 1, 2026, Jackie Przybylowski, Vice President Capital Markets, will expand her role to Gold Royalty’s sustainability efforts as Vice President, Capital Markets and Sustainability. In her additional role, Ms. Przybylowski will be replacing Katherine Arblaster, Vice President Sustainability, who is stepping down to pursue other endeavours.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Foreign Private Issuer
Emerging Growth Company
We are an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of: the last day of the fiscal year in which we have more than $1.235 billion in annual revenues; the date we qualify as a “large accelerated filer,” with at least $700.0 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates; the issuance, in any three-year period, by us of more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities; and the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of our first sale of common equity securities pursuant to a U.S. registration, which such fifth anniversary is March 8, 2026.
| 6 |
As an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other publicly traded entities that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include: (i) the option to present only two years of audited financial statements and related discussion in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our filings with the SEC; (ii) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; (iii) not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (i.e., an auditor discussion and analysis); (iv) not being required to submit certain executive compensation matters to shareholder advisory votes, such as “say-on-pay,” “say-on-frequency,” and “say-on-golden parachutes”; and (v) not being required to disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the chief executive officer’s compensation to median employee compensation.
Foreign Private Issuer
We report under the Exchange Act as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, as long as we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we will be exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies, including: (i) the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; (ii) the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and (iii) the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specific information, and current reports on Form 8-K upon the occurrence of specified significant events.
Corporate Information
We are a corporation organized under the laws of Canada. We were incorporated under the name Gold Royalty Corp. on June 23, 2020, under the Canada Business Corporations Act (Canada) (“CBCA”) and continued under the same name following completion of an internal reorganization and vertical amalgamation under the CBCA on July 24, 2024. Our head office is located at 1188 West Georgia Street, Suite 1830, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4A2 and our telephone number is +1 (604) 396-3066. Our registered office is 2200-1021 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 0C3. Our website address is www.goldroyalty.com. Information on the Company’s website is not incorporated herein by reference. Our common shares and Listed Warrants are listed on the NYSE American under the symbols “GROY” and “GROY.WS”, respectively.
| 7 |
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties discussed below and described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and under similar headings in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the most recent year incorporated by reference herein, as updated by our subsequent filings, some of which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, before deciding whether to purchase any of the securities being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment.
| 8 |
CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS
The following table sets forth our total capitalization as of March 31, 2026, on an actual basis. There have been no common shares issued since March 31, 2026.
The amounts shown below are unaudited. The information set forth in the following table should be read in conjunction with and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, in our Annual Report on Form 20-F, and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2026, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
| (In thousands) | Actual | Pro Forma | ||||||
| Total debt | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| Common shares, without par value | 773,777 | 773,777 | ||||||
| Reserves | 23,515 | 23,515 | ||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (75,586 | ) | (75,586 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 288 | 288 | ||||||
| Total shareholders’ equity | $ | 721,994 | $ | 721,994 | ||||
| Total capitalization and indebtedness | $ | 721,994 | $ | 721,994 | ||||
The foregoing table and calculations are based on 230,809,201 common shares outstanding as of March 31, 2026, and excludes, in each case as of March 31, 2026:
| ● | 7,153,993 common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options to purchase common shares with a weighted average exercise price of $2.40 per share; | |
| ● | 1,825,335 common shares issuable upon the vesting of outstanding restricted share units; | |
| ● | 14,102,227 common shares that remain reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan; and | |
| ● | 14,653,827 common shares issuable upon exercise of the Listed Warrants. |
| 9 |
The use of proceeds from the sale of securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a specific offering and sale of securities. Among other potential uses, the Company may use the net proceeds from the sale of securities offered by the Company hereunder for implementing our growth and acquisition strategy, including the direct and indirect acquisition of additional royalties, streams or similar interests and for general corporate purposes, including funding ongoing operations and/or working capital requirements and to repay indebtedness outstanding from time to time.
We have had positive cash flows from operations of $6.2 million and $2.5 million for the financial years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and for the three months ended March 31, 2026. If we fail to maintain positive cash flow again in the future, net proceeds from the sale of common shares hereunder may need to be allocated to fund our operations. Subject to various risks and uncertainties which may cause the properties underlying our existing royalties and streaming interests to cease to generate revenues (including those set out under the section entitled “Risk Factors” above), we anticipate we will have positive cash flow from operating activities in future periods. Future cash flows from such interests are dependent upon the underlying properties achieving production. There can be no assurance that such production will ever be achieved. We may, from time to time, issue securities (including debt securities) other than pursuant to this prospectus supplement.
| 10 |
The descriptions of the securities contained in this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplements, summarize the material terms and provisions of the various types of securities that we may offer. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the particular terms of any securities offered by such prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, the terms of the securities may differ from the terms we have summarized below.
We may sell from time to time, in one or more offerings, common shares, preferred shares, debt securities, subscription receipts, warrants and units comprising any combination of these securities. The total dollar amount of all securities that we may issue under this prospectus will not exceed $500.0 million.
The following describes our issued share capital and summarizes the material provisions of our articles of incorporation (the “Articles”) and bylaws (the “Bylaws”). Please note that this summary is not intended to be exhaustive and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the terms and provisions of our Articles and Bylaws. For further information, please refer to the full version of our Articles and Bylaws.
General
The authorized capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares and an unlimited number of preferred shares.
Common Shares
Our common shares are not subject to any future call or assessment, do not have any pre-emptive, conversion, redemption rights or purchase for cancellation rights, and all have equal voting rights. There are no special rights or restrictions of any nature attached to any of the common shares, all of which rank equally as to all benefits which might accrue to the holders of the common shares. All shareholders of the Company are entitled to receive a notice of, attend and vote at any meeting to be convened by the Company. At any meeting, subject to the restrictions on joint registered owners of our common shares, every shareholder has one vote for each common share of which such holder is the registered owner. Voting rights may be exercised in person or by proxy.
Shareholders are entitled to share pro rata in any dividends if, as and when declared by the Company’s board of directors, in its discretion. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of common shares, without preference or distinction, will be entitled to receive ratably all of our assets remaining after payment of all debts and other liabilities, subject to any preferential rights of the holders of any outstanding preferred shares. Rights pertaining to the common shares may only be amended in accordance with applicable corporate law.
As of May 13, 2026, the Company has an aggregate of 230,809,201 common shares issued and outstanding.
Dividend Policy
We currently intend to retain future earnings for use in our business and do not anticipate paying dividends on our common shares in the near future. Any determination to pay future dividends will remain at the discretion of our board of directors and will be made taking into account our financial condition and other factors deemed relevant by the board.
Preferred Shares
The preferred shares may be issued at any time, or from time to time, in one or more series. Before any preferred shares of a particular series are issued, our board of directors shall, by resolution, fix the number of preferred shares that will form such series and shall, by resolution, fix the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions to be attached to the preferred shares of such series. The preferred shares of each series shall rank on a parity with the preferred shares of every other series with respect to priority in payment of dividends and in the distribution of assets in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company or other distribution of assets of the Company among its security holders, for the purpose of winding-up of its affairs.
| 11 |
The preferred shares shall be entitled to preference over the common shares and any other shares of the Company ranking junior to the preferred shares with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, or any other distribution of the assets of the Company among its shareholders for the purpose of winding-up its affairs. The preferred shares may also be given such other preferences over the common shares and any other shares of the Company ranking junior to the preferred shares as may be fixed by our board of directors as to the respective series authorized to be issued.
As of the date hereof, the Company has no preferred shares issued and outstanding.
Shareholder Meetings
Under the CBCA, we are required to hold a general meeting of our shareholders at least once every year at a time and place determined by our board of directors, provided that the meeting must not be held later than 15 months after the preceding annual general meeting and no later than six months after the end of our preceding financial year. Our Articles and Bylaws provide that any shareholder meeting may be held at any location within Canada or the United States, as the board of directors may determine in their discretion. The board of directors may decide to arrange for shareholders to be able to participate in the general meeting by means of telephonic, electronic or other communication facility that permits all participants to communicate adequately with each other during the meeting. A notice to convene a meeting, specifying the date, time and location of the meeting, must be sent to shareholders, to each director and the auditor not less than 21 days prior to the meeting or such other minimum period as required by the applicable securities laws.
All business transacted at a special meeting of shareholders and all business transacted at an annual meeting of shareholders, except consideration of the financial statements, auditor’s report, election of directors and re-appointment of the incumbent auditor, is deemed to be special business. Notice of a meeting of shareholders at which special business is to be transacted shall state (a) the nature of that business in sufficient detail to permit the shareholder to form a reasoned judgment thereon; and (b) the text of any special resolution to be submitted to the meeting.
Under the CBCA, our board of directors has the power at any time to call a special meeting of our shareholders. In addition, the holders of not less than 5% of our shares that carry the right to vote at a meeting sought to be held can also requisition our board of directors to call a meeting of our shareholders for the purposes stated in the requisition. If our board of directors does not call the meeting within 21 days after receiving the requisition, our shareholders can call the meeting and the expenses reasonably incurred by such shareholders in requisitioning, calling and holding the meeting must be reimbursed by us.
Those entitled to vote at a meeting are entitled to attend meetings of our shareholders. Every shareholder entitled to vote may appoint a proxyholder to attend the meeting in the manner and to the extent authorized and with the authority conferred by the proxy. Directors, auditors, legal counsels, secretary (if any), and any other persons invited by the chair of the meeting or with the consent of those at the meeting are entitled to attend any meeting of our shareholders but will not be counted in quorum or be entitled to vote at the meeting unless he or she or it is a shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting.
Shareholder Nominations and Proposals
Under the CBCA, a registered holder or beneficial owner of shares that are entitled to be voted at an annual meeting of shareholders may submit to the corporation notice of any matter that the person proposes to raise at the meeting (a “proposal”), which is subject to any requirements in the Bylaws for advance notice to the corporation. A proposal may include nominations for the election of directors if the proposal is signed by one or more holders of shares representing in the aggregate not less than five per cent of the issued and outstanding shares or five per cent of the issued and outstanding shares of a class of shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting to which the proposal is to be presented, but this subsection does not preclude nominations made at a meeting of shareholders.
| 12 |
Shareholder Rights Plan
On November 5, 2025, our Board approved the shareholder rights plan (the “Rights Plan”) as set forth in the Shareholder Rights Plan Agreement, dated November 5, 2025 (the “Rights Plan Agreement”), subject to ratification by the shareholders of the Company. The purpose of the Rights Plan is to ensure, to the extent possible, that all shareholders of the Company are treated fairly in connection with any take-over offer or bid for the shares of the Company. At a meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held within the next twelve months (the “Meeting”), the shareholders of the Company are expected to vote to approve and ratify the Rights Plan and the issuance of one right (a “Right”) for each common share, no par value (in this section, a “Common Share”), of the Company outstanding pursuant to the Rights Plan, which Common Shares are registered under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
The following is a summary of the principal terms of the Rights Plan. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the Rights Plan, a copy of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to our Annual Report.
Effective Date and Term
The Rights Plan became effective on November 5, 2025, following approval by the Board on November 5, 2025. Under the terms of the Rights Plan, it will remain in effect for one year from adoption unless ratified by shareholders at a meeting held within twelve months, in which case it will continue for a three-year term from the date of shareholder ratification. All shareholders are permitted to vote on ratification and approval of the Rights Plan, other than those holders of Common Shares who are not Independent Shareholders (as defined below). If the Rights Plan is not ratified by Independent Shareholders at a meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held not more than twelve months following the date hereof, the Rights Plan will terminate.
Issue of Rights
One Right will be issued and will attach to each Common Share outstanding as of the close of business on November 17, 2025 (the “Record Time”) and will attach to each Common Share issued after the Record Time and prior to the earlier of the Separation Time (as defined below) and the expiration or termination of the Rights Plan (the “Expiration Time”).
Rights Exercise Privilege
The Rights generally separate from the Common Shares and become exercisable ten trading days (the “Separation Time”) after a person has acquired, or commenced a take-over bid to acquire, 15% or more of the Common Shares, other than by an acquisition pursuant to a take-over bid permitted by the Rights Plan (a “Permitted Bid”) or a transaction otherwise permitted by the Rights Plan. The acquisition by any person (an “Acquiring Person”) of 15% or more of the Common Shares, other than by way of a Permitted Bid or a transaction otherwise permitted by the Rights Plan, constitutes a “Flip-in Event”. Any Rights held by an Acquiring Person will become void upon the occurrence of a Flip-in Event. Ten trading days after the occurrence of a Flip-in Event, each Right (excluding Rights held by an Acquiring Person which have become void) will permit the purchase of that number of Common Shares having an aggregate Market Price (as defined in the Rights Plan) on the date of consummation or occurrence of such Flip-in Event equal to twice the Exercise Price (as defined in the Rights Plan) for an amount in cash equal to the Exercise Price. The Exercise Price is defined, for the period from and after the Separation Time, as an amount equal to three times the Market Price per Common Share determined as of the Separation Time. Under certain circumstances, shareholders may be determined to be Unrestricted Persons (as defined in the Rights Plan) in accordance with its terms, in which case the ownership threshold for a Separation Time or Flip-in Event will be deemed to be 20% or more of the Common Shares in place of 15%.
| 13 |
Trading of Rights
Until the Separation Time, the Rights will be evidenced by the certificates representing the Common Shares and will be transferable only together with the associated Common Shares. After the Separation Time, separate certificates evidencing the Rights (“Rights Certificates”) will be mailed to holders of record of Common Shares (other than an Acquiring Person) as of the Separation Time. Rights Certificates will also be issued for Rights in respect of Common Shares issued after the Separation Time and before the Expiration Time to each holder (other than an Acquiring Person) converting securities that are exchangeable for Common Shares after the Separation Time. Rights will trade separately from the Common Shares after the Separation Time.
Lock-Up Agreements
A bidder may enter into lock-up agreements (each, a “Lock-up Agreement”) with shareholders whereby such shareholders agree to tender their Common Shares to the take-over bid (the “Lock-up Bid”) without triggering a Flip-in Event. Each Lock-up Agreement must be publicly disclosed and: (i) permit the shareholder to withdraw its securities from the Lock-up Agreement in order to deposit or tender the securities to another take-over bid or support another transaction that provides a greater price or value to the shareholder than the Lock-up Bid; and (ii) permit the shareholder to withdraw its securities from the Lock-up Agreement in order to deposit or tender the securities to another take-over bid or to support another transaction that offers a price or value for each Common Share that exceeds by at least a specified amount, which may not be greater than 5%. In addition, each Lock-up Agreement must provide that no “break-up” fees or other penalties exceeding, in the aggregate, the greater of: (i) 2% of the price or value of the consideration payable under the Lock-up Bid to such locked-up person; and (ii) 50% of the increase in the consideration resulting from another take-over bid transaction, shall be payable by the shareholder if the shareholder fails to tender its securities to the Lock-up Bid.
Permitted Bid Requirements
The requirements for a Permitted Bid include the following:
| ● | the take-over bid must be made to all holders of Common Shares, other than the person who has announced, and has not withdrawn, an intention to make or who has made, and has not withdrawn, a take-over bid (an “Offeror”); | |
| ● | the take-over bid must contain an irrevocable and unqualified condition that no Common Shares will be taken up or paid for: |
| ○ | prior to the close of business on a date which is not less than 105 days following the date of the take-over bid or such shorter minimum period as determined in accordance with NI 62-104 – Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids (“NI 62-104”); | |
| ○ | must remain open; and unless on such date more than 50% of the Common Shares held by Independent Shareholders shall have been deposited or tendered pursuant to the take-over bid and not withdrawn; |
| ● | the securities may be deposited to the take-over bid at any time during the period in which the take-over bid must remain open in accordance with NI 62-104, and any securities deposited pursuant to the take-over bid may be withdrawn until taken up and paid for; and | |
| ● | if more than 50% of the Common Shares held by Independent Shareholders have been deposited or tendered pursuant to the take-over bid and not withdrawn, the Offeror must make a public announcement of that fact and the take-over bid must be extended for a period of not less than ten days from the date of such public announcement. |
“Independent Shareholders” is defined in the Rights Plan as all holders of Common Shares, excluding any Acquiring Person, any Offeror, affiliates, associates and persons acting jointly or in concert with such excluded persons, and any employee benefit plan, deferred profit-sharing plan, stock participation plan and any other similar plan or trust for the benefit of employees of the Registrant unless the beneficiaries of the plan or trust direct the manner in which the Common Shares are to be voted or withheld from voting or direct whether the Common Shares are to be tendered to a take-over bid, in which case such plan or trust shall be considered to be an Independent Shareholder.
| 14 |
The Rights Plan allows for a competing Permitted Bid (a “Competing Permitted Bid”) to be made while a Permitted Bid is in existence. A Competing Permitted Bid must satisfy all the requirements of a Permitted Bid except that the minimum deposit period may be shorter as prescribed by NI 62-104.
Waiver
The Board, acting in good faith, may, prior to the occurrence of a Flip-in Event, waive the application of the Rights Plan to a particular Flip-in Event where a take-over bid is made by a take-over bid circular to all holders of Common Shares. Where the Board exercises the waiver power for one take-over bid, the waiver will also apply to any other take-over bid for the Registrant made by a take-over bid circular to all holders of Common Shares prior to the expiry of any other bid for which the Rights Plan has been waived. The Board, acting in good faith, may, in respect of any Flip-in Event, waive the application of the Rights Plan to a particular Flip-in Event where the Board has determined that the Acquiring Person became an Acquiring Person by inadvertence and such person has reduced its beneficial ownership such that it is no longer an Acquiring Person. The Board, acting in good faith, may, with the approval of a majority of votes cast by the Independent Shareholders voting in person or by proxy at a meeting duly called for that purpose, determine, at any time prior to the occurrence of a Flip-in Event, to waive the application of the Rights Plan for any Flip-in Event. The Board may, at its sole discretion, terminate or amend the Rights Plan prior to shareholder ratification.
Redemption
The Board, with prior written consent of the holders of Common Shares or the holders of Rights, at any time prior to the occurrence of a Flip-in Event, may redeem all of the outstanding Rights at a price of C$0.0001 each.
Amendments
The Board may amend the Rights Plan with the prior consent of the holders of Common Shares (or holders of Rights if the Separation Time has occurred). The Board, without such approval, may make amendments to the Rights Plan to correct any clerical or typographical error of which are required to maintain the validity of the Rights Plan as a result of any change in any applicable legislation, rules or regulations thereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may, at its sole discretion, amend the Rights Plan in any way prior to shareholder ratification.
Advance Notice Provisions
Our Bylaws contain certain provisions that are intended to: (1) facilitate orderly and efficient annual general meetings or, where the need arises, special meetings; (2) ensure that all shareholders receive adequate notice of board nominations and sufficient information with respect to all nominees; and (3) allow shareholders to vote on an informed basis. Only persons who are nominated by shareholders in accordance with these advance notice provisions will be eligible for election as directors at any annual meeting of the Company’s shareholders, or at any special meeting of the Company’s shareholders if one of the purposes for which the special meeting was called was the election of directors.
Pursuant to the advanced notice provisions under our Bylaws, shareholders are required to provide the Company with advance notice of their intention to nominate any persons, other than those nominated by management, for election to the Company’s board of directors at a meeting of shareholders. Such notice must include the information prescribed in our Bylaws.
To be timely, a shareholder’s notice must be received (i) in the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, not less than the 30th day prior to the date of the annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting of shareholders is to be held on a date that is less than 50 days after the date on which the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice by the shareholder may be received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the date of such public announcement; and (ii) in the case of a special meeting (which is not also an annual meeting) of shareholders called for the purpose of electing directors, not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the day on which the first public announcement of the date of the special meeting was made. Our Bylaws also prescribe the proper written form for a shareholder’s notice. The Company’s board of directors may, in its sole discretion, waive any requirement under these provisions.
| 15 |
These provisions could have the effect of delaying until the next shareholder meeting the nomination of certain persons for director that are favored by the holders of a majority of the Company’s outstanding voting securities.
Shareholder Actions by Written Consent
Under the CBCA, shareholders may act by written resolution signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote on that resolution at a meeting of shareholders.
Amendment to Articles and Bylaws
Under the CBCA, either a director or a shareholder entitled to vote at an annual or special meeting of shareholders may make a proposal to amend the Articles. A proposed amendment to the Articles requires approval by special resolution of the shareholders. A special resolution is a resolution passed by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast by the shareholders who voted in respect of the resolution or signed by all shareholders entitled to vote on that resolution.
Under the CBCA, a shareholder entitled to vote at an annual or special meeting of shareholders may make a proposal to make, amend or repeal a by-law. Unless the Articles, Bylaws or a unanimous shareholder agreement otherwise provide, the directors may, by resolution, make, amend or repeal any bylaws that regulate the business or affairs of the corporation. The directors shall then submit such by-law, or amendment or repeal of such by-law, to the shareholders at the next meeting of shareholders, and the shareholders may, confirm, reject or amend the bylaw, amendment or repeal by ordinary resolution.
Votes on Mergers, Consolidations and Sale of Assets
Under the CBCA, the approval of an amalgamation agreement and certain other transactions requires approval by special resolution. A special resolution is a resolution passed by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast by the shareholders who voted in respect of the resolution or signed by all shareholders entitled to vote on that resolution.
Forum Selection
Our Bylaws include a forum selection provision that provides that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Supreme Court of British Columbia, Canada and appellate Courts therefrom, will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on the Company’s behalf; (ii) any action or proceeding asserting a breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of its directors, officers or other employees to the Company; (iii) any action or proceeding asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the CBCA or the Articles or Bylaws; or (iv) any action or proceeding asserting a claim otherwise related to the Company’s “affairs” (as defined in the CBCA). The Company’s forum selection bylaw also provides that its securityholders are deemed to have consented to personal jurisdiction in the Province of British Columbia and to service of process on their counsel in any foreign action initiated in violation of our Bylaws. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company’s forum selection provision will apply to claims arising under U.S. federal securities laws. In addition, investors cannot waive compliance with U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Stock Exchange Listing
Our common shares and Listed Warrants are listed on the NYSE American under the symbols “GROY” and “GROY.WS”, respectively.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for the Company’s common shares is TSX Trust Company and its United States co-transfer agent is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
| 16 |
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any future debt securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in a prospectus supplement, the terms of any debt securities offered under such prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below, and to the extent the terms set forth in a prospectus supplement differ from the terms described below, the terms set forth in the prospectus supplement shall control.
We may sell from time to time, in one or more offerings under this prospectus, debt securities, which may be senior or subordinated. We will issue any such senior debt securities under a senior indenture that we will enter into with a trustee to be named in the senior indenture. We will issue any such subordinated debt securities under a subordinated indenture, which we will enter into with a trustee to be named in the subordinated indenture. We have filed forms of these documents as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. We use the term “indentures” to refer to either the senior indenture or the subordinated indenture, as applicable. The indentures will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as in effect on the date of the indenture. We use the term “debenture trustee” to refer to either the trustee under the senior indenture or the trustee under the subordinated indenture, as applicable.
The following summaries of material provisions of the senior debt securities, the subordinated debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities.
General
Each indenture provides that debt securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series and may be denominated and payable in foreign currencies or units based on or relating to foreign currencies. Neither indenture limits the amount of debt securities that may be issued thereunder, and each indenture provides that the specific terms of any series of debt securities shall be set forth in, or determined pursuant to, an authorizing resolution and/or a supplemental indenture, if any, relating to such series.
We will describe in each prospectus supplement the following terms relating to a series of debt securities:
| ● | title or designation; | |
| ● | the aggregate principal amount and any limit on the amount that may be issued; | |
| ● | the currency or units based on or relating to currencies in which debt securities of such series are denominated and the currency or units in which principal or interest or both will or may be payable; | |
| ● | whether we will issue the series of debt securities in global form, the terms of any global securities and who the depositary will be; | |
| ● | the maturity date and the date or dates on which principal will be payable; | |
| ● | the interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the date or dates interest will be payable and the record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates; | |
| ● | whether or not the debt securities will be issued at a premium; | |
| ● | whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt; | |
| ● | the terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated debt; | |
| ● | the place or places where payments will be payable; | |
| ● | our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period; |
| 17 |
| ● | the date, if any, after which, and the price at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional redemption provisions (which redemption may be subject to one or more conditions precedent); | |
| ● | the date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities; | |
| ● | whether the indenture will restrict our ability to pay dividends, or will require us to maintain any asset ratios or reserves; | |
| ● | the name of the trustee under any indenture relating to the debt securities and the nature of any material relationship between the trustee or any of its affiliates and the issuer or any of its affiliates; | |
| ● | whether we will be restricted from incurring any additional indebtedness; | |
| ● | a discussion of any material or special Canadian or U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to a series of debt securities; | |
| ● | the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof; and | |
| ● | any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities. |
We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Conversion or Exchange Rights
We will set forth in the prospectus supplement the terms, if any, on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common shares or our other securities. We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of common shares or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.
Consolidation, Merger or Sale; No Protection in Event of a Change of Control or Highly Leveraged Transaction
The indentures do not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the indentures or the debt securities, as appropriate.
Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change of control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change of control), which could adversely affect holders of debt securities.
Events of Default Under the Indenture
The following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:
| ● | if we fail to pay interest when due and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment has not been extended or deferred; | |
| ● | if we fail to pay the principal, or premium, if any, when due and the time for payment has not been extended or delayed; | |
| ● | if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant set forth in the debt securities of such series or the applicable indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating to and for the benefit of holders of another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice from the debenture trustee or holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and | |
| ● | if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur as to us. |
| 18 |
No event of default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities. The occurrence of an event of default may constitute an event of default under any bank credit agreements we may have in existence from time to time. In addition, the occurrence of certain events of default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain of our other indebtedness outstanding from time to time.
If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the debenture trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of and premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. Before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained with respect to debt securities of any series, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) may rescind and annul the acceleration if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the applicable indenture (including payments or deposits in respect of principal, premium or interest that had become due other than as a result of such acceleration). We refer you to the applicable prospectus supplement(s) relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default.
Subject to the terms of the indentures, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the debenture trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the debenture trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the debenture trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the debenture trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:
| ● | the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and | |
| ● | subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the debenture trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding. |
A holder of the debt securities of any series will only have the right to institute a proceeding under the indentures or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies if:
| ● | these limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on the debt securities; | |
| ● | the holder previously has given written notice to the debenture trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series; | |
| ● | the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered reasonable indemnity to the debenture trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee; and |
| 19 |
| ● | the debenture trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series (or at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) other conflicting directions within 60 days after the notice, request and offer. |
We will periodically file statements with the applicable debenture trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the applicable indenture.
Modification of Indenture; Waiver
The debenture trustee and we may change the applicable indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters, including:
| ● | to fix any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture; and | |
| ● | to change anything that does not materially adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series issued pursuant to such indenture in any material respect. |
In addition, under the indentures, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the debenture trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) that is affected. However, the debenture trustee and we may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:
| ● | extending the fixed maturity of the series of debt securities; | |
| ● | reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or any premium payable upon the redemption of any debt securities; | |
| ● | reducing the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity; | |
| ● | making the principal of or premium or interest on any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt security; or | |
| ● | reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment or waiver. |
Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or any interest on any debt security of that series or in respect of a covenant or provision, which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security of the series affected; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration.
| 20 |
Discharge
Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for obligations to:
| ● | the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series; | |
| ● | replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series; | |
| ● | maintain paying agencies; | |
| ● | hold monies for payment in trust; | |
| ● | compensate and indemnify the trustee; and | |
| ● | appoint any successor trustee. |
In order to exercise our rights to be discharged with respect to a series, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, the premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.
Form, Exchange and Transfer
We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series.
At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.
Subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange or in the applicable indenture, we will make no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.
We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.
If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:
| ● | issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or | |
| ● | register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part. |
| 21 |
Information Concerning the Debenture Trustee
The debenture trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under the applicable indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the debenture trustee under such indenture must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the debenture trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.
We will pay the principal of and any premium and interest due on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check which we will mail to the holder. Unless we otherwise indicate in a prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the debenture trustee in the City of New York as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.
All money we pay to a paying agent or the debenture trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities which remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.
Governing Law
The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.
Subordination of Subordinated Debt Securities
Our obligations pursuant to any subordinated debt securities will be unsecured and will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus supplement. The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of senior indebtedness we may incur. It also does not limit us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.
Enforceability of Judgments
Since all or substantially all of our assets, as well as the assets of most of our directors and officers, are outside the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States against us or certain of our directors or officers, including judgments with respect to the payment of principal on the debt securities, may not be collectible within the United States.
| 22 |
We have been advised that the laws of the Province of British Columbia and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein permit an action to be brought against us in a court of competent jurisdiction in the Province of British Columbia on any final and conclusive judgment in personam of any federal or state court located in the State of New York, or a New York Court, which is subsisting and unsatisfied for a sum certain with respect to the enforcement of the indenture and the debt securities that is not impeachable as void or voidable under the internal laws of the State of New York if: (1) the New York Court rendering such judgment had jurisdiction over the judgment debtor, as recognized by the courts of the Province of British Columbia (and submission by us in the indenture to the jurisdiction of the New York Court will be sufficient for that purpose); (2) proper service of process in respect of the proceedings in which such judgment was obtained was made in accordance with New York law; (3) such judgment was not obtained by fraud or in a manner contrary to natural justice and the enforcement thereof would not be inconsistent with public policy, as such terms are understood under the laws of the Province of British Columbia, the federal laws of Canada or contrary to any order made by the Attorney General of Canada and under the Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act (Canada) or by the Competition Tribunal under the Competition Act (Canada); (4) the enforcement of such judgment would not be contrary to the laws of general application limiting the enforcement of creditors’ rights, including bankruptcy, reorganization, winding-up, moratorium and similar laws, and does not constitute, directly or indirectly, the enforcement of foreign laws which a court in the Province of British Columbia would characterize as revenue, expropriatory or penal laws; (5) in an action to enforce a default judgment, the judgment does not contain a manifest error on its face; (6) the action to enforce such judgment is commenced within the appropriate limitation period; (7) interest payable on the debt securities is not characterized by a court in the Province of British Columbia as interest payable at a criminal rate within the meaning of Section 347 of the Criminal Code (Canada); and (8) the judgment does not conflict with another final and conclusive judgment in the same cause of action; except that a court in the Province of British Columbia may stay an action to enforce a foreign judgment if an appeal of a judgment is pending or time for appeal has not expired; and except that any court in the Province of British Columbia may give judgment only in Canadian dollars.
We have been advised that there is doubt as to the enforceability in Canada by a court in original actions, or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws.
DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS
We may issue subscription receipts that are exchangeable for our equity securities and/or other securities. The particular terms and provisions of subscription receipts offered by any prospectus supplement, and the extent to which the general terms and provisions described below may apply to them, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. This description will include, without limitation, where applicable:
| ● | the title and number of subscription receipts; | |
| ● | the price at which the subscription receipts will be offered; | |
| ● | the currency in which the subscription receipts will be offered and whether the price is payable in installments; | |
| ● | the period during which and the price at which the subscription receipts will be offered; | |
| ● | the terms, conditions and procedures for the exchange of the subscription receipts into or for our equity securities and/or other securities; | |
| ● | the circumstances, if any, which will cause the subscription receipts to be deemed to be automatically converted or exchanged; | |
| ● | the designation, number and terms of our equity securities and/or other securities that may be issued or delivered upon exchange of each subscription receipt; | |
| ● | the provisions applicable to any escrow of the gross or net proceeds from the sale of the subscription receipts plus any interest or income earned thereon, and for the release of such proceeds from such escrow; | |
| ● | the identity of the subscription receipt agent; | |
| ● | whether the subscription receipts will be listed on any securities exchange; | |
| ● | any minimum or maximum subscription amount; | |
| ● | whether the subscription receipts will be issued in fully registered or global form; |
| 23 |
| ● | the terms applicable to the gross or net proceeds from the sale of the subscription receipts plus any interest earned thereon; | |
| ● | certain material Canadian and United States tax consequences of owning or converting or exchanging the subscription receipts; and | |
| ● | any other material terms and conditions of the subscription receipts. |
Subscription receipts may be offered separately or together with other securities, as the case may be. The subscription receipts may be issued under one or more subscription receipt agreements, each to be entered into between us and an escrow agent (the “Escrow Agent”), which will establish the terms and conditions of the subscription receipts. Each Escrow Agent will be a financial institution organized under the laws of Canada or a province or territory thereof and authorized to carry on business as a trustee. The applicable prospectus supplement will include details of the subscription receipt agreement, if any, governing the subscription receipts being offered. We will file a copy of any subscription receipt agreement relating to an offering of subscription receipts with the relevant securities regulatory authorities in Canada after it has been entered into by us. In the United States, we will file as exhibits to the registration statement, or will incorporate by reference from subsequently filed reports on Form 6-K that we file with the SEC, any subscription receipt describing the terms and conditions of subscription receipts we are offering before the issuance of such subscription receipts.
Our equity securities and/or other securities issued or delivered upon the exchange of subscription receipts will be issued for no additional consideration.
Prior to the exchange of their subscription receipts, holders of subscription receipts will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities subject to the subscription receipts.
We may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities, preferred shares or common shares. Warrants may be issued independently or together with debt securities, preferred shares or common shares and may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. Any issue of warrants may be substantially similar to our Listed Warrants. Any issue of warrants will be governed by the terms of the applicable form of warrant and any related warrant agreement which we will file with the SEC and they will be incorporated by reference to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on or before the time we issue any warrants.
The particular terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:
| ● | the title of such warrants; | |
| ● | the aggregate number of such warrants; | |
| ● | the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued; | |
| ● | the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which the price of such warrants may be payable; | |
| ● | the terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of such warrants and the procedures and conditions relating to the exercise of such warrants; | |
| ● | the price at which the securities purchasable upon exercise of such warrants may be purchased; | |
| ● | the date on which the right to exercise such warrants will commence and the date on which such right shall expire; | |
| ● | the manner of exercise of the warrants, including any cashless exercise rights; |
| 24 |
| ● | any provisions for adjustment of the number or amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the warrants or the exercise price of the warrants; | |
| ● | if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants that may be exercised at any one time; | |
| ● | if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such security; | |
| ● | if applicable, the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable; | |
| ● | the warrant agreement under which the warrants will be issued; | |
| ● | the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and the warrants; | |
| ● | anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any; | |
| ● | the manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified; | |
| ● | the identities of the warrant agent and any calculation or other agent for the warrants; | |
| ● | certain material Canadian and United States tax consequences of holding or exercising warrants; | |
| ● | any securities exchange or quotation system on which the warrants or any securities deliverable upon exercise of the warrants may be listed or quoted; | |
| ● | information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; and | |
| ● | any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange or exercise of such warrants. |
The prospectus supplement relating to any warrants to purchase equity securities may also include, if applicable, a discussion of certain U.S. and Canadian federal income tax and Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 considerations.
Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the principal amount of debt securities or the number of preferred or common shares at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement.
After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void. We will specify the place or places where, and the manner in which, warrants may be exercised in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Prior to the exercise of any warrants to purchase debt securities, preferred shares or common shares, holders of the warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the debt securities, preferred shares or common shares purchasable upon exercise, except as otherwise provided in the terms of such warrants.
Any warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action the holder’s right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants in accordance with their terms.
| 25 |
No warrant agreement will be qualified as an indenture, and no warrant agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939. Therefore, holders of warrants issued under a warrant agreement will not have the protection of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 with respect to their warrants.
Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, each warrant agreement and any warrants issued under the warrant agreements will be governed by New York law.
Our Listed Warrants are listed on the NYSE American under the symbol “GROY.WS”.
The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of units to which any prospectus supplement may relate.
We may issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued, if any, may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.
The applicable prospectus supplement may describe:
| ● | the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately; | |
| ● | any unit agreement under which the units will be issued; | |
| ● | any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; | |
| ● | whether the securities comprising the units will be listed on any securities exchange; and | |
| ● | whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form. |
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any units. The preceding description and any description of units in the applicable prospectus supplement does not purport to be complete and is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the unit agreement and, if applicable, collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements relating to such units.
Our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the most recent year incorporated by reference herein provides a discussion of certain tax considerations that may be relevant to prospective investors in our securities. The applicable prospectus supplement may also contain information about certain material tax considerations relating to the securities covered by such prospectus supplement. Prospective investors should read the tax discussion in any prospectus supplement with respect to a particular offering and consult their own tax advisors with respect to their own particular circumstances.
| 26 |
We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus to one or more underwriters or dealers for public offering, through broker-dealers (acting as agent or principal), through agents, directly by us to one or more purchasers (including our affiliates and shareholders), through a specific bidding or auction process, a rights offering or otherwise or through a combination of any such methods of sale. The name of any such underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the offer and sale of the securities, the amounts underwritten and the nature of its obligation to take the securities will be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. We have reserved the right to sell the securities directly to investors on our own behalf in those jurisdictions where we are authorized to do so. The sale of the securities may be effected in one or more transactions, including block transactions (which may involve crosses) and transactions on any national or international securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale; purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its own account pursuant to a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus; ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers; transactions in the over-the-counter market; in transactions not involving market markers or otherwise than on such exchanges or in the over-the-counter market; or through the writing of options. Each time that we sell securities covered by this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us, if applicable.
In addition, the securities offered by this prospectus may be offered and issued in consideration for the acquisition of other businesses, assets or securities by us or our subsidiaries. The consideration for any such acquisition may consist of the securities separately, a combination of the securities or any combination of, among other things, securities, cash and assumption of liabilities.
We and our agents and underwriters may offer and sell the securities at a fixed price or prices that may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The securities may be offered on an exchange, which will be disclosed in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may, from time to time, authorize dealers, acting as our agents, to offer and sell the securities upon such terms and conditions as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
We may also sell the securities offered by any applicable prospectus supplement in “at-the-market offerings” within the meaning of Rule 415 of the Securities Act or “at-the-market distributions” within the meaning of NI 44-102 made through the facilities of the NYSE American or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise. No agent, underwriter or broker dealer involved in an “at-the-market offering” or “at-the-market distribution” and no affiliate of such agent, underwriter or dealer or person or company acting jointly or in concert with such agent, underwriter or dealer may, in connection with such offering or distribution, enter into any transaction that is intended to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities distributed under any applicable prospectus supplement qualifying an “at-the-market offering” or “at-the-market distribution”, including an aggregate number or principal amount of securities that would result in the agent, underwriter or dealer creating an over-allotment position in the securities.
If we use underwriters to sell securities, we will enter into an underwriting agreement with them at the time of the sale to them. In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions from purchasers of the securities for whom they may act as agent. The names of any underwriters, any underwriting compensation paid by us to underwriters or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers, will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement to the extent required by applicable law. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters or commissions (which may be changed from time to time) from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
| 27 |
Dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis.
If so indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters, dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain specified institutions to purchase offered securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. Such contracts will be subject to any conditions set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts. The underwriters and other persons soliciting such contracts will have no responsibility for the validity or performance of any such contracts. Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may also be solicited directly.
Underwriters, dealers and agents may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us, to indemnification against and contribution towards certain civil liabilities, including any liabilities under the Securities Act.
To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the price of the securities, other than in relation to an “at-the-market distribution” or “at-the-market offering” or as may otherwise be set out in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular offering of the securities. These may include over-allotment, stabilization, syndicate short covering transactions and penalty bids. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which creates a short position. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Syndicate short covering transactions involve purchases of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim selling concessions from dealers when the securities originally sold by the dealers are purchased in covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions. These transactions may cause the price of the securities sold in an offering to be higher than it would otherwise be. These transactions, if commenced, may be discontinued by the underwriters at any time.
Any securities other than our common shares and warrants issued hereunder may be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters or agents to or through whom such securities are sold for public offering and sale may make a market in such securities, but such underwriters or agents will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market for any such securities. The amount of expenses expected to be incurred by us in connection with any issuance of securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Certain of the underwriters, dealers or agents and their associates may engage in transactions with, and perform services for, us and certain of our affiliates in the ordinary course of business.
During such time as we may be engaged in a distribution of the securities covered by this prospectus we are required to comply with Regulation M promulgated under the Exchange Act. With certain exceptions, Regulation M precludes us, any affiliated purchasers, and any broker-dealer or other person who participates in such distribution from bidding for or purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase, any security which is the subject of the distribution until the entire distribution is complete. Regulation M also restricts bids or purchases made in order to stabilize the price of a security in connection with the distribution of that security. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of our shares of common shares.
The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.
| 28 |
Certain legal matters with respect to the validity of the offered securities under Canadian law will be passed upon for us by Sangra Moller LLP, Vancouver, British Columbia. Certain legal matters with respect to U.S. federal securities law and New York law will be passed upon for us by Haynes and Boone, LLP.
Our audited annual consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss, of changes in equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, including the related notes, included in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the financial year ended December 31, 2025, and incorporated by reference herein, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, located at 250 Howe Street Suite 1400, Vancouver, BC V6C 3S7, Canada, is our independent registered public accounting firm and has been appointed as our independent auditor. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has advised that they are independent with respect to the Corporation within the meaning of the relevant rules and related interpretations prescribed by the relevant professional bodies in Canada, including the CPABC Code of Professional Conduct and any applicable legislation or regulations, as well as the rules of the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) on auditor independence.
The scientific and technical information incorporated by reference to the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2025, has been reviewed and approved by Alastair Still, P. Geo, who is our Director of Technical Service, as indicated therein in reliance upon the authority of such person’s expertise.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we have filed with the SEC. To see more detail, you should read the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed with, or incorporated by reference into, our registration statement.
The SEC maintains a website that contains reports and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address is www.sec.gov.
We are subject to the information reporting requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private issuers and under those requirements file reports with the SEC. Accordingly, we are required to file or furnish reports and other information with the SEC, including annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and from short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act, among other things. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
We maintain a corporate website at www.goldroyalty.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus.
| 29 |
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
We file annual and special reports and other information with the SEC. These filings contain important information which does not appear in this prospectus. The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to other documents which we have filed or will file with the SEC. We are incorporating by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below and all amendments or supplements we may file to such documents, as well as any future filings we may make with the SEC on Form 20-F under the Exchange Act before the time that all of the securities offered by this prospectus have been sold or de-registered:
| ● | the description of our common shares contained in our Amendment No. 1 to Form 8-A12B/A, filed with the SEC on November 6, 2025 (File No. 001-40099), as amended and supplemented by the description of our common shares included in Exhibit 2.1 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026 including any subsequent amendment or any report filed for the purpose of updating such description; | |
| ● | our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 18, 2026; and | |
| ● | our Current Reports on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on March 18, 2026, March 20, 2026 (Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 only), April 20, 2026, April 27, 2026, May 6, 2026 and May 7, 2026. |
We may also incorporate any other Form 6-K that we submit to the SEC on or after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of this offering if the Form 6-K filing specifically states that it is incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Any statement in this prospectus contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement in this prospectus or in any later filed document modifies or supersedes that statement. Any statement that is modified or superseded in this manner will no longer be a part of this prospectus, except as modified or superseded.
We will provide you without charge, upon your written or oral request, a copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to such documents which are not specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. Please direct your written or telephone requests to Gold Royalty Corp., 1188 West Georgia Street, Suite 1830, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4A2 and our telephone number is (604) 396-3066. Our website address is www.goldroyalty.com. Information contained in our website is not part of this prospectus.
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated under the laws of Canada. Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, several of our directors and officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons’ assets may be located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons or to enforce against them or against us, judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. In addition, investors should not assume that the courts of Canada (i) would enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions against us, our officers or directors, or other said persons, predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or other laws of the United States; or (ii) would enforce, in original actions, liabilities against us or such directors, officers or experts predicated upon the United States federal securities laws or any securities or other laws of any state or jurisdiction of the United States.
In addition, there is doubt as to the applicability of the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities law to original actions instituted in Canada. It may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to assert U.S. securities laws claims in original actions instituted in Canada.
| 30 |
The following is an estimate, subject to future contingencies, of the expenses we may incur in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered. All amounts listed in the table below are estimates except the SEC registration fee.
| Expenses | Estimated Amount | |||
| SEC registration fee | $ | 69,050 | ||
| FINRA filing fees | — | |||
| Printing expenses | * | |||
| Legal fees and expenses | * | |||
| Accounting fees and expenses | * | |||
| Miscellaneous costs | * | |||
| Total | * | |||
* To be provided in a prospectus supplement describing an offering of securities or a report on Form 6-K that is incorporated by reference herein.
| 31 |
$500,000,000
Common Shares
Preferred Shares
Warrants
Subscription Receipts
Debt Securities
Units
PART
II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Under the CBCA, Gold Royalty is permitted to indemnify its directors and officers and former directors and officers against costs and expenses, including amounts paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment in a civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which they are made parties because of their position as directors or officers, including an action against Gold Royalty. In order to be entitled to indemnification under the CBCA, the director or officer must act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of Gold Royalty, and in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the director or officer must have reasonable grounds for believing that his or her conduct was lawful.
Under its Bylaws, Gold Royalty shall, whenever required or permitted by the CBCA or otherwise by law, indemnify each director, each officer, each former director, each former officer and each person who acts or acted at Gold Royalty’s request as a director or officer or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, and his or her heirs and personal representatives, against all costs, charges and expenses, including, without limitation, each amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by him or her in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding to which he or she is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or officer of Gold Royalty or such other entity.
Gold Royalty has also entered into indemnification agreements with each of its current directors and officers. The indemnification agreements generally require that it indemnify and hold the indemnitees harmless to the greatest extent permitted by law for liabilities arising out of the indemnitees’ service to Gold Royalty as directors and officers, if the indemnitees acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of Gold Royalty and, with respect to criminal and administrative actions or other non-civil proceedings that are enforced by monetary penalty, if the indemnitee had reasonable grounds to believe that his or her conduct was lawful. The indemnification agreements also provide for the advancing of defense expenses to the indemnitees by Gold Royalty.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling Gold Royalty pursuant to the foregoing provisions, Gold Royalty has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
ITEM 9. Exhibits.
| II-1 |
| 4.12 | Shareholder Rights Plan Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2025, between the Registrant and TSX Trust Company, as Rights Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on November 6, 2025). | |
| 4.13 | Form of Rights Certificate (included as part of Exhibit 4.1 hereto) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on November 6, 2025). | |
| 5.1 | Opinion of Sangra Moller LLP | |
| 5.2* | Opinion of Haynes and Boone, LLP | |
| 23.1 | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP | |
| 23.2 | Consent of Sangra Moller LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
| 23.3* | Consent of Haynes and Boone, LLP (to be included in Exhibit 5.2) | |
| 23.4 | Consent of Alastair Still | |
| 24.1 | Powers of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Form F-3) | |
| 25.1** | The Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, of the U.S. Trustee under the Indenture | |
| 107 | Filing Fee Table |
| * | To be filed by post-effective amendment or as an exhibit to a report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and incorporated herein by reference. |
| ** | To be filed pursuant to Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. |
Item 10. Undertakings
| (a) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: |
| 1) | to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement: |
| (i) | to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act; |
| (ii) | to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and |
| (iii) | to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in this Registration Statement; |
provided, however, that paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the Registration Statement.
| 2) | that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| II-2 |
| 3) | to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
| 4) | to file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Rule 3-19 of this chapter if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3. |
| 5) | that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser: |
| (i) | each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be a part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and |
| (ii) | each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which the prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date. |
| (b) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| (c) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
| (d) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act. |
| II-3 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-3 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada on May 13, 2026.
| GOLD ROYALTY CORP. | ||
| By: | /s/ David Garofalo | |
| Name: | David Garofalo | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints David Garofalo and Andrew Gubbels, or each of them individually, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full powers of substitution and resubstitution, for and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to file and sign any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments and any registration statement for the same offering that is to be effective under Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to this registration statement, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signatures | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ David Garofalo | Chief Executive Officer (Principal | May 13, 2026 | ||
| David Garofalo | Executive Officer) and Chairman | |||
| /s/ Andrew Gubbels | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Andrew Gubbels | Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | |||
| /s/ John Griffith | Chief Development Officer and President | May 13, 2026 | ||
| John W. Griffith | ||||
| /s/ Warren Gilman | Director | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Warren Gilman | ||||
| /s/ Ken Robertson | Director | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Ken Robertson | ||||
| /s/ Alan Hair | Director | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Alan Hair | ||||
| /s/ Karri Howlett | Director | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Karri Howlett | ||||
| /s/ Angela Johnson | Director | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Angela Johnson |
| II-4 |
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned certifies that it is the duly authorized United States representative of the registrant and has duly caused this registration statement on Form F-3 to be signed by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on May 13, 2026.
| Puglisi & Associates | ||
| (Authorized Representative in the United States) | ||
| By: | /s/ Donald Puglisi | |
| Name: | Donald J. Puglisi | |
| Title: | Managing Director | |
| II-5 |
Exhibit 5.1
May 13, 2026
Gold Royalty Corp.
Suite 1830, 1188 West Georgia Street
Vancouver, British Columbia
Canada V6E 4A2
Dear Sirs / Mesdames:
| Re: | Gold Royalty Corp. – Registration Statement on Form F-3 |
We have acted as Canadian counsel to Gold Royalty Corp. (the “Corporation”), a corporation incorporated under the laws of Canada, in connection with the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”) of the Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) on the date hereof. The Registration Statement registers the issuance and sale of up to US$500,000,000 of the Corporation’s common shares (“Common Shares”), preferred shares (“Preferred Shares”), warrants (“Warrants”), subscription receipts (“Subscription Receipts”), debt securities (“Debt Securities”) and units, comprised of one or more other Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Warrants, Subscription Receipts and Debt Securities, in any combination (“Units” and, together with the Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Warrants, Subscription Receipts and Debt Securities, the “Securities”) that the Corporation may sell from time to time in one or more offerings on terms to be determined at the time of sale pursuant to the Registration Statement and one or more prospectus supplements to the Registration Statement.
In so acting, we have examined copies of the Registration Statement, including the prospectus contained therein, as well as: (i) the Corporation’s Articles of Amalgamation and by-laws of the Corporation, and (ii) records of the Corporation’s corporate proceedings in connection with the Registration Statement as certified by an officer of the Corporation (together, the “Corporate Documents”). We have also examined copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such public and corporate records, certificates, instruments and other documents and have considered such questions of law as we have deemed relevant and necessary as a basis for the opinion hereinafter expressed. With respect to the accuracy of factual matters material to this opinion, we have relied upon certificates or comparable documents and representations of public officials and the Corporate Documents, without independent investigation of the matters provided for therein for the purpose of providing this opinion.
We have assumed (i) the genuineness of all signatures on all documents examined by us and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies, whether facsimile, electronic, photostatic, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, and the authenticity of the originals of such copies, (ii) all information contained in all documents reviewed by us is true and correct, (iii) each natural person signing any document reviewed by us had the legal capacity to do so, none of which facts we have independently verified, (iv) no order, ruling or decision of any court or regulatory or administrative body is in effect at any relevant time that restricts the issuance of the Securities, (v) there is no foreign law that would affect the opinion expressed herein, and (vi) at the time of the execution and delivery of any documents relating to the Securities or the offering thereof, to the extent such documents purport to constitute agreements, such documents constitute valid and binding obligations of such parties. We also have assumed the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents where authorization, execution and delivery are prerequisites to the effectiveness of such documents.
 |
May 13, 2026
Page 2
We have also assumed that:
| 1. | the Corporation has the necessary corporate power and capacity to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the terms and conditions of any purchase, underwriting or other agreement, indenture or instrument relating to the Corporation’s creation, authentication, issuance, sale and/or delivery of the Securities to which the Corporation is party (any such agreement, the “Agreement”); |
| 2. | the Corporation has the necessary corporate power and capacity to authorize, create, authenticate, validly issue, sell and deliver the Securities and perform its obligations under the terms and conditions of the Securities; |
| 3. | all necessary corporate action has or will have been taken by the Corporation to duly authorize the execution and delivery by the Corporation of the Agreement and the performance of its obligations under the terms and conditions thereof; |
| 4. | all necessary corporate action has or will have been taken by the Corporation to duly authorize, create, authenticate, sell, deliver and validly issue the Securities and to perform its obligations under the terms and conditions of the Securities, and all of the terms and conditions relevant to the execution, delivery and issuance of the Securities in the applicable Agreement have or will have been complied with; |
| 5. | all necessary corporate action has or will have been taken by the Corporation to duly authorize the terms of the offering of the Securities and related matters; |
| 6. | the Agreement: (i) has or will have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all parties thereto and such parties have the capacity to do so; (ii) constitutes or will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of all parties thereto; (iii) is or will be enforceable in accordance with its terms against all parties thereto; and (iv) is or will be governed by the laws of the Province of British Columbia; |
| 7. | the Securities have or will have been duly authorized, created, authenticated, sold and delivered and validly issued by the Corporation and any other person signing or authenticating the Securities, as applicable; |
| 8. | the terms of the offering of the Securities and related matters have or will have been duly authorized by the Corporation; |
| 9. | the execution and delivery of the Agreement and the performance by the Corporation of its obligations under the terms and conditions thereunder do not and will not conflict with and do not and will not result in a breach of or default under, and do not and will not create a state of facts which, after notice or lapse of time or both, will conflict with or result in a breach of or default under any of the terms or conditions of the articles of the Corporation, any resolutions of the board of directors or shareholders of the Corporation, any agreement or obligation of the Corporation or applicable law; |
|
May 13, 2026
Page 3
| 10. | the authorization, creation, authentication, sale, delivery and issuance of the Securities and the Corporation’s performance of its obligations under the terms and conditions of the Securities do not and will not conflict with and do not and will not result in a breach of or default under, and do not and will not create a state of facts which, after notice or lapse of time or both, will conflict with or result in a breach of or default under any of the terms or conditions of the articles of the Corporation, any resolutions of the board of directors or shareholders of the Corporation, any agreement or obligation of the Corporation or applicable law; and |
| 11. | the terms of the offering of the Securities and related matters do not and will not conflict with and do not and will not result in a breach of or default under, and do not and will not create a state of facts which, after notice or lapse of time or both, will conflict with or result in a breach of or default under any of the terms or conditions of the articles of the Corporation, any resolutions of the board of directors or shareholders of the Corporation, any agreement or obligation of the Corporation or applicable law. |
Based and relying upon the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications, assumptions and limitations expressed herein, we are of the opinion that, upon payment for the applicable Securities provided for in the applicable Agreement and when issued, sold and delivered in accordance with such Agreement, (i) the Common Shares and Preferred Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares in the capital of the Corporation, and (ii) the Warrants, Subscription Receipts, Debt Securities and Units will be validly created and issued securities of the Corporation and will be binding obligations of the Corporation.
Our opinion is limited to the laws of the Province of British Columbia and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein on the date of this opinion. We have not considered, and have not expressed, any opinion with regard to, or as to the effect of, any other law, rule or regulation, state or federal, applicable to the Corporation. In particular, we express no opinion as to United States federal securities laws.
We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to reference to our firm under the heading “Legal Matters” in the prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act, or the rules and regulations of the SEC.
|
May 13, 2026
Page 4
This opinion is furnished solely in connection with the filing of the Registration Statement and is not to be used, circulated, quoted or otherwise relied upon for any other purpose. This opinion is limited to the specific issues addressed herein, and no opinion may be inferred or implied beyond that expressly stated herein. The opinion herein expressed is given and effective as of the date hereof and we undertake no duty to update or supplement such opinion to reflect subsequent factual or legal developments which may come or be brought to our attention.
Yours truly,
Sangra Moller LLP
SANGRA MOLLER LLP
|
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form F-3 of Gold Royalty Corp. of our report dated March 18, 2026 relating to the consolidated financial statements of Gold Royalty Corp., which appears in Gold Royalty Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered
Professional Accountants
Vancouver, Canada
May 13, 2026
Exhibit 23.4
CONSENT
The undersigned consents to being named as a Qualified Person in this Registration Statement on Form F-3 filed by Gold Royalty Corp., and to the reference to the undersigned in the Registration Statement as having reviewed and approved the technical and scientific information contained in Gold Royalty Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2025, and incorporated by reference to this Registration Statement.
/s/ Alastair Still
Alastair Still, P. Geo
May 13, 2026