6-K
Hsbc Holdings Plc (HSBC)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the month of May 2026
Commission File Number: 001-14930
HSBC Holdings plc
8 Canada Square, London E14 5HQ, England
(Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F).
Form 20-F X Form 40-F ......
This Report on Form 6-K with respect to our quarterly results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2026 is hereby incorporated by
reference in HSBC Holdings plc’s registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-277306).
Neither our website referred to herein, nor any of the information contained on our website, is incorporated by reference in the Form 6-K.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 1 |
HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26
5 May 2026
Georges Elhedery, Group CEO, said:
“We continued to make positive progress in creating a simple, more agile, growing HSBC. Each of our four businesses contributed to firm-wide
revenue growth and each delivered an annualised RoTE in excess of 17%, excluding notable items. In periods of greater uncertainty, customers
turn to us more as their trusted partner to navigate complexity with the financial strength, stability and expertise they know they can rely on. We
remain confident in achieving the targets we set out in February 2026.“
Financial performance in 1Q26
–Reported profit before tax of $9.4bn decreased by $0.1bn compared with 1Q25. The decrease reflected higher expected credit losses
and other credit impairment charges (‘ECL‘) in 1Q26, an adverse impact from notable items and a rise in operating expenses. This was partly
offset by revenue growth from strong Wealth fee and other income, as well as higher banking net interest income (‘banking NII‘). Profit
after tax of $7.4bn was $0.2bn lower than in 1Q25.
–In 1Q26, notable items included a disposal loss on classification to held for sale of $0.3bn associated with the planned sale of our business in
Malta, and losses of $0.2bn from the recycling of foreign currency translation reserves following the completion of the sale of our UK life
insurance business. In 1Q25, notable items included $0.1bn of fair value losses on American Depositary Receipts (‘ADRs‘) received as part of
the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
–Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable items was $10.1bn, broadly stable compared with 1Q25. Revenue growth,
driven by a strong performance in Wealth and higher banking NII, was broadly offset by higher ECL and operating expense growth.
–Annualised return on average tangible equity (‘RoTE‘) in 1Q26 was 17.3%, compared with 17.9% in 1Q25. Excluding notable items,
annualised RoTE in 1Q26 was 18.7%, a rise of 0.3 percentage points compared with 1Q25.
–Revenue increased by $1.0bn or 6% to $18.6bn compared with 1Q25. The increase primarily reflected strong growth in Wealth fees and
other income in our International Wealth and Premier Banking (‘IWPB‘) and Hong Kong business segments, supported by higher customer
activity. The increase also included a one-off property asset disposal gain of $0.2bn, and growth in banking NII. This was partly offset by the
year-on-year impact of notable items, mainly related to business disposals. Constant currency revenue excluding notable items rose by
$0.7bn to $19.1bn.
–Net interest income (‘NII‘) of $8.9bn increased by $0.6bn or 8% compared with 1Q25, including an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26.
The increase was mainly driven by deposit balance growth, the benefit of reinvestment of our structural hedge at higher yields and the
impact of lower market interest rates on the funding deployed to the trading book, partly offset by higher trading balances. Banking NII,
which excludes the funding costs associated with the trading book, which were stable, increased by $0.7bn to $11.3bn.
–Net interest margin (‘NIM’) of 1.60% was 1 basis points (‘bps‘) higher compared with 1Q25. NIM was 4bps lower compared with
4Q25, primarily reflecting the impact of a one-off item in 1Q26.
–ECL of $1.3bn were $0.4bn higher compared with 1Q25. The charge in 1Q26 primarily reflected a $0.4bn fraud-related, secondary,
securitisation exposure with a financial sponsor in the UK in our Corporate and Institutional Banking (‘CIB‘) business, as well as a $0.3bn
increase in allowances to reflect heightened uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward economic outlook due to the onset of the conflict
in the Middle East on 28 February 2026. ECL in 1Q25 included charges related to geopolitical tensions and higher trade tariffs.
–Operating expenses of $8.7bn were $0.6bn or 8% higher compared with 1Q25. The increase reflected the phasing of the performance-
related pay accrual relative to 1Q25, the impacts of inflation, higher planned spend and investment in technology, and an adverse impact
from foreign currency translation differences of $0.4bn. These increases were partly mitigated by cost reductions from our organisational
simplification. Target basis operating expenses rose by $0.3bn or 3%, including a higher performance-related pay accrual.
–Customer lending balances increased by $13.6bn compared with 4Q25, including adverse foreign currency translation differences. On a
constant currency basis, lending balances increased by $20.1bn, with growth across all of our business segments.
–Customer accounts decreased by $5.1bn compared with 4Q25, including adverse foreign currency translation differences. On a constant
currency basis, customer accounts increased by $9.2bn, primarily driven by balance growth in CIB in Asia, notably in Hong Kong. Deposit
growth was partly offset by the classification of deposits from the planned sale of our business in Malta to ‘liabilities of disposal groups held
for sale‘.
–Common equity tier 1 (‘CET1’) capital ratio of 14.0% decreased by 0.9 percentage points compared with 4Q25, reflecting the impact
of the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank, dividends and an increase in risk-weighted assets (‘RWAs‘), partly offset by regulatory profit.
–The Board has approved a first interim dividend for 2026 of $0.10 per share.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 2 |
Outlook
–We retain all of the Group financial targets we announced at our full year 2025 annual results in February 2026, including a RoTE of 17% or
better for 2026, 2027 and 2028, excluding notable items.
–The macroeconomic outlook is facing heightened uncertainty, creating volatility in both economic forecasts and financial markets resulting in
both tailwinds and headwinds. The Group is well-positioned to manage the impacts of these challenges through our high-quality revenue
streams, conservative approach to credit risk and strong deposit franchise. Supporting our clients through this volatile period is a top priority.
–We now expect banking NII of around $46bn in 2026, reflecting an improved interest rate outlook, while recognising the outlook remains
volatile and uncertain. We had previously provided banking NII guidance of at least $45bn for 2026.
–We now expect an ECL charge as a percentage of average gross loans to be around 45bps (including held for sale loan balances) for
2026, reflecting ongoing uncertainty in the outlook. Our previous ECL guidance for 2026 was around 40bps of average gross loans (including
held for sale loan balances). Over the medium term, we retain our planning range of 30-40bps.
–We retain our commitment to Group-wide cost discipline. We continue to target growth in target basis operating expenses of
approximately 1% compared with 2025. Our target basis operating expenses measure excludes notable items and includes the impact of
simplification-related saves associated with our announced strategic reorganisation.
–We intend to continue to manage the CET1 capital ratio within our medium-term target range of 14%–14.5%. A decision to
recommence buy-backs will be subject to our normal buy-back considerations and process on a quarterly basis.
–The Group is well positioned to manage the changes and uncertainties prevalent within the global environment in which we operate,
including in relation to the conflict in the Middle East. As part of our periodic internal stress testing, we have modelled a range of integrated
downside stress scenarios of increasing severity and duration, which include higher oil prices, rising inflation, a material slowdown in GDP,
rising unemployment and market disruption. Under these scenarios, we could expect a mid-to-high single digit percentage adverse impact on
profit before tax, which if unmitigated, could bring RoTE excluding notable items below our 17% or better target in 2026.
ÑOur targets and expectations reflect our current outlook for the global macroeconomic environment and market-dependent factors, such as market-implied
interest rates (as of mid-April 2026) and rates of foreign exchange, as well as customer behaviour and activity levels.
ÑWe do not reconcile our forward guidance on RoTE excluding notable items, constant currency revenue excluding notable items, target basis operating expenses,
dividend payout ratio target basis or banking NII to their equivalent reported measures.
ÑSee page 8 for a further explanation of RoTE excluding notable items, constant currency revenue excluding notable items, banking NII, target basis operating
expenses and dividend payout ratio target basis. For further information on our CET1 ratio, see page 48.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 3 |
Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements
This Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to HSBC’s financial condition; results of
operations and business, including the strategic priorities; financial, investment and capital targets; and environmental, social and governance
(‘ESG’) ambitions, targets and commitments described herein.
Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about HSBC’s beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Words
such as ’may‘, ’will‘, ’should‘, ‘expects‘, ‘targets’, ’anticipates‘, ‘intends’, ’plans‘, ‘believes’, ’seeks‘, ‘estimates’, ’potential‘ and ‘reasonably
possible’, or the negative thereof, other variations thereon or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
statements are based on current plans, information, data, estimates and projections, and therefore undue reliance should not be placed on
them. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. HSBC makes no commitment to revise or update any forward-
looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring or existing after the date of any forward-looking statements. Written and/or oral
forward-looking statements may also be made in the periodic reports to the US Securities and Exchange Commission, summary financial
statements to shareholders, offering circulars and prospectuses, press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by
HSBC’s directors, officers or employees to third parties, including financial analysts. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and
uncertainties. Readers are cautioned that a number of factors could cause actual results to differ, in some instances materially, from those
anticipated or implied in any forward-looking statement. These include, but are not limited to:
–changes in general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate, such as new, continuing or deepening recessions, prolonged
inflationary pressures and fluctuations in employment levels and the creditworthiness of customers beyond those factored into consensus
forecasts; the Russia-Ukraine war, the conflict in the Middle East that began on 28 February 2026, or any potential military action or conflict
elsewhere, and their impact on global economies and the markets where HSBC operates, which could have a material adverse effect on
(among other things) our financial condition, results of operations, prospects, liquidity, capital position and credit ratings; deviations from the
market and economic assumptions that form the basis for our ECL measurements (including, without limitation, as a result of the Russia-
Ukraine war, the conflict in the Middle East, or any potential military action or conflict elsewhere, inflationary pressures, commodity price
changes, and ongoing developments in the commercial real estate sector and the residential property sector in mainland China and Hong
Kong); potential changes in HSBC’s dividend policy; changes and volatility in foreign exchange rates and interest rates levels, including
fluctuations in Hibor and the accounting impact resulting from financial reporting in respect of hyperinflationary economies; volatility in equity
markets and the risk of disruptive correction stemming from high company valuations; lack of liquidity in wholesale funding or capital
markets, which may affect our ability to meet our obligations under financing facilities or to fund new loans, investments and businesses;
geopolitical tensions or diplomatic developments producing social instability or legal uncertainty, such as the Russia-Ukraine war, the conflict
in the Middle East, or any potential military action or conflict elsewhere, and the related imposition of sanctions, export-control and trade and
investment restrictions, as well as increased market volatility, supply chain restrictions and disruptions, sustained increases in energy prices
and key commodity prices, claims of human rights violations, diplomatic tensions between China and the US, which may extend to and
involve other countries and territories, and developments in Hong Kong and Taiwan and the surrounding maritime region, alongside other
potential areas of tension, which may adversely affect HSBC by creating regulatory, reputational and market risks; the efficacy of
government, customer, and HSBC’s actions in managing and mitigating ESG-related risks, in particular climate risk, nature-related risks and
human rights risks, and in supporting the global transition to net zero carbon emissions, each of which can impact HSBC both directly and
indirectly through our customers and which may result in potential financial and non-financial impacts; illiquidity and downward price pressure
in national real estate markets; adverse changes in central banks’ policies with respect to the provision of liquidity support to financial
markets; heightened market concerns over sovereign creditworthiness in over-indebted countries; adverse changes in the funding status of
public or private defined benefit pensions; the significant depreciation of the US dollar through 2025, with volatility expected to persist;
societal shifts in customer financing and investment needs, including consumer perception as to the continuing availability of credit;
exposure to counterparty risk, including third parties using us as a conduit for illegal activities without our knowledge; and price competition
in the market segments we serve;
–changes in government policy and regulation, as well as monetary, fiscal, interest rate and other policies of central banks and other
regulatory authorities in the major markets in which we operate and the consequences thereof (including, without limitation, actions taken as
a result of changes in government following national elections, higher social welfare commitments and increased government expenditure
on defence, energy security and climate transition in the markets where the Group operates); continued volatility in trade and tariff policies,
changes in tariff rates, including sector-specific levies imposed by various nations, including the US, which could further disrupt supply chains
and reduce global trade growth; initiatives to change the size, scope of activities and interconnectedness of financial institutions in
connection with the implementation of stricter regulation of financial institutions in key markets worldwide; revised capital and liquidity
benchmarks, which could serve to deleverage bank balance sheets and lower returns available from the current business model and portfolio
mix; changes to tax laws and tax rates applicable to HSBC, including the imposition of levies or taxes designed to change business mix and
risk appetite; the practices, pricing or responsibilities of financial institutions serving their consumer markets; expropriation, nationalisation,
confiscation of assets and changes in legislation relating to foreign ownership; the UK’s relationship with the EU, particularly with respect to
the potential divergence of UK and EU law on the regulation of financial services; changes in government approach and regulatory treatment
in relation to ESG disclosures and reporting requirements, and the current lack of a single standardised regulatory approach to ESG across all
sectors and markets; changes in UK macroeconomic and fiscal policy, which may result in fluctuations in the value of the pound sterling;
general changes in government policy (including, without limitation, actions taken as a result of changes in government following national
elections in the markets where the Group operates) that may significantly influence investor decisions; the costs, effects and outcomes of
regulatory reviews, actions or litigation, including any additional compliance requirements; and the effects of competition in the markets
where we operate including increased competition from non-bank financial services companies; and
–factors specific to HSBC, including our success in adequately identifying the risks we face, such as the incidence of loan losses or
delinquency, and managing those risks (through account management, hedging and other techniques); our ability to achieve our financial,
investment, capital and ESG ambitions, targets and commitments (including the positions set forth in our thermal coal phase-out policy and
our energy policy and our targets to reduce our on-balance sheet financed emissions and, where applicable, facilitated emissions in our
portfolio of selected high-emitting sectors), which may result in our failure to achieve any of the expected outcomes of our strategic priorities
and may result in reputational risks; evolving regulatory requirements and the development of new technologies, including AI, affecting how
we manage risk, including model risk; model limitations or failure, including, without limitation, the impact that high inflationary pressures and
interest rates have had on the performance and usage of financial models, which may require us to hold additional capital, incur losses and/or
use compensating controls, such as judgemental post-model adjustments, to address model limitations; changes to the judgements,
estimates and assumptions we base our financial statements on; changes in our ability to meet the requirements of regulatory stress tests; a
reduction in the credit ratings assigned to us or any of our subsidiaries, which could increase the cost or decrease the availability of our
funding and affect our liquidity position and net interest margin; changes to the reliability and security of our data management, data privacy,
information and technology infrastructure, including threats from cyber-attacks, which may impact our ability to service clients and may result
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 4 |
in financial loss, business disruption and/or loss of customer services and data; the accuracy and effective use of data, including internal
management information that may not have been independently verified; changes in insurance customer behaviour and insurance claim
rates; our dependence on loan payments and dividends from subsidiaries to meet our obligations; changes in our reporting frameworks and
accounting standards, which have had and may continue to have a material impact on the way we prepare our financial statements; our
ability to successfully execute planned strategic acquisitions and disposals; our success in adequately integrating acquired businesses into
our business; our ability to successfully execute and implement the announced strategic reorganisation of the Group; changes in our ability to
manage third-party, fraud, financial crime and reputational risks inherent in our operations; employee misconduct, which may result in
regulatory sanctions and/or reputational or financial harm; changes in skill requirements, ways of working and talent shortages, which may
affect our ability to recruit and retain senior management and an inclusive and skilled workforce; and changes in our ability to develop
sustainable finance and ESG-related products consistent with the evolving expectations of our regulators, and our capacity to measure the
environmental and social impacts from our financing activity (including as a result of data limitations and changes in methodologies), which
may affect our ability to achieve our ESG ambitions, targets and commitments, including our net zero ambition, our targets to reduce on-
balance sheet financed emissions and, where applicable, facilitated emissions in our portfolio of selected high-emitting sectors and the
positions set forth in our thermal coal phase-out policy and our energy policy, and increase the risk of greenwashing. Effective risk
management depends on, among other things, our ability through stress testing and other techniques to prepare for events that cannot be
captured by the statistical models it uses; our success in addressing operational, legal and regulatory, and litigation challenges; and other
risks and uncertainties we identify in ‘Risk - Managing risk’ on page 36 of this Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K.
Additional detailed information concerning important factors, including but not limited to ESG-related factors, that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those anticipated or implied in any forward-looking statement in this Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K is available in our
Annual Report and Accounts for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2025, which was filed with the SEC on Form 20-F on 26 February 2026.
Presentation to investors and analysts
HSBC Holdings plc will be conducting a trading update conference call with analysts and investors today to coincide with the publication of this
Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K. The call will take place at 07.45am BST. Details of how to participate in the call and the live audio webcast
can be found at www.hsbc.com/investors.
About HSBC
HSBC Holdings plc, the parent company of HSBC, is headquartered in London. With assets of $3.3tn at 31 March 2026, HSBC is one of the
world’s largest banking and financial services organisations.
The Group‘s operating segments comprise of four businesses along with Corporate Centre:
–Hong Kong
–UK
–Corporate and Institutional Banking
–International Wealth and Premier Banking
Our Hong Kong business comprises Retail Banking and Wealth and Commercial Banking of HSBC Hong Kong and Hang Seng Bank. Our UK
business comprises UK Retail Banking and Wealth (including first direct and M&S Bank) and UK Commercial Banking, including HSBC
Innovation Bank. CIB integrates our Commercial Banking business (outside of the UK and Hong Kong) with our Global Banking and Markets
business. IWPB comprises Premier banking outside of Hong Kong and the UK, our Private Bank, Asset Management and Insurance businesses.
Corporate Centre results primarily comprise the financial impact from certain acquisitions and disposals and the share of profit, dilution and
impairment loss impacts from interests in our associates and joint ventures. It also includes Central Treasury, stewardship costs and
consolidation adjustments.
Notes
Income statement comparisons, unless stated otherwise, are between the quarter ended 31 March 2026 and the quarter ended 31 March 2025.
Balance sheet comparisons, unless otherwise stated, are between balances at 31 March 2026 and the corresponding balances at 31 December
- Unless otherwise stated, the factors impacting constant currency income statement performance between periods are the same factors
discussed in relation to reported income statement performance for the same periods.
The financial information on which this Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K is based is unaudited. Other than the adoption of certain
amendments to IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments‘ effective from 1 January 2026, which have had no material impact on the Group, it has been
prepared in accordance with our material accounting policies as described on pages 300 to 311 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2025 on
Form 20-F.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 5 |
Reshaping the Group for growth
On 26 January 2026, we completed our privatisation of Hang Seng Bank, following shareholder and Court approval. Hang Seng Bank is now a
wholly-owned subsidiary of the HSBC Group and Hang Seng Bank shares have been withdrawn from the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Through
the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank, we expect to realise $0.5bn in pre-tax revenue and cost synergies across both our brands in Hong Kong by
the end of 2028. We expect to incur associated restructuring costs of $0.6bn, of which one-off income statement impacts would be reported as
material notable items. We also have an ambition to generate further revenue and cost opportunities of around $0.4bn by the end of 2028
across both our brands in Hong Kong.
At our 2024 full-year results we announced measures to simplify the Group, and we have committed to deliver an annualised reduction of
around $1.5bn in our cost base, expected by the end of 2026 from our organisational simplification programme.
We remain on track to have taken actions to deliver our $1.5bn annualised cost reduction by the end of June 2026, which is six months earlier
than planned. To date, we have identified and actioned annualised cost savings of approximately $1.4bn, which resulted in a reduction of around
$0.6bn in operating expenses in the income statement in 2025, and a $0.3bn reduction in 1Q26. In 1Q26 we incurred $0.1bn in restructuring
and other related costs, primarily related to severance, taking the total charge to date to $1.2bn.
We are also focused on opportunities where we have a clear competitive advantage and accretive returns, and we aim to redeploy
approximately $1.8bn of additional costs saved from non-strategic activities into these areas over the medium term. This includes the additional
$0.3bn of costs saved from the synergies generated from our privatisation of Hang Seng Bank.
During the first quarter of 2026, we completed the sales of our UK life insurance business and our business in South Africa. In addition, we
reclassified to held for sale the assets and liabilities related to the planned sale of our business in Malta. On 30 April 2026, we completed the
sale of our retail banking business in Sri Lanka.
On 4 May 2026, we entered into a binding agreement to sell our retail banking business in Indonesia. The proposed transaction remains subject
to regulatory approval and is expected to complete in the first half of 2027. Targeted strategic reviews of our retail businesses in Australia and
Egypt, and HSBC Life Singapore, remain underway on which no decisions have been made. Our CIB businesses in these markets, as well as in
Indonesia are unaffected.
ÑFor further details on business disposals, see page 16.
From 1 January 2026, we have updated our definition of Wealth balances to exclude Asset Management third-party distribution assets. On this
new basis, Wealth balances as at 31 March 2026 across all of our business segments were $1.6tn, broadly stable compared with 31 December
- Within this we have attracted net new money (‘NNM‘) in 1Q26 of $39bn, with $34bn booked in Asia. This compared with NNM in 1Q25
of $23bn, with $19bn booked in Asia.
Transaction banking continues to perform well as we leverage our network and capabilities to capture opportunities from changing trade and
capital flows. In 1Q26, fee and other income in Wholesale Transaction Banking rose by 2% compared with 1Q25, reflecting increases in
Securities Services, Global Trade Solutions (‘GTS‘) and Global Payment Solutions (‘GPS‘).
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 6 |
Financial summary
Key financial metrics
| Quarter ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| Reported results | |||
| Profit before tax ($m) | 9,376 | 6,802 | 9,484 |
| Profit after tax ($m) | 7,394 | 5,187 | 7,570 |
| Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (‘revenue’) ($m) | 18,624 | 16,364 | 17,649 |
| Cost efficiency ratio (%) | 46.8 | 57.0 | 45.9 |
| Net interest margin (%) | 1.60 | 1.64 | 1.59 |
| Basic earnings per share ($) | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.39 |
| Diluted earnings per share ($) | 0.40 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
| Dividend per ordinary share (in respect of the period) ($) | 0.10 | 0.45 | 0.10 |
| Alternative performance measures | |||
| Constant currency profit before tax ($m) | 9,376 | 6,846 | 9,788 |
| Constant currency revenue ($m) | 18,624 | 16,464 | 18,319 |
| Constant currency banking net interest income ($m) | 11,253 | 11,806 | 11,007 |
| Constant currency cost efficiency ratio (%) | 46.8 | 57.0 | 46.1 |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable items ($m) | 10,055 | 8,630 | 10,078 |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items ($m) | 19,125 | 17,831 | 18,411 |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable items and strategic transactions ($m) | 10,055 | N/A | 9,984 |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items and strategic transactions ($m) | 19,125 | N/A | 18,233 |
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (annualised) as a % of average gross loans and<br><br>advances to customers, including held for sale (%) | 0.52 | 0.36 | 0.38 |
| Basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts ($) | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.39 |
| Return on average ordinary shareholders’ equity (annualised) (%) | 16.0 | 10.8 | 16.6 |
| Return on average tangible equity (annualised) (%) | 17.3 | 11.8 | 17.9 |
| Return on average tangible equity excluding notable items (annualised) (%) | 18.7 | 15.9 | 18.4 |
| Target basis operating expenses ($m) | 8,543 | 8,974 | 8,264 |
| At | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| Balance sheet | |||
| Total assets ($m) | 3,306,011 | 3,233,034 | 3,054,361 |
| Net loans and advances to customers ($m) | 1,001,957 | 988,399 | 944,708 |
| Constant currency net loans and advances to customers ($m) | 1,001,957 | 981,879 | 965,802 |
| Customer accounts ($m) | 1,781,761 | 1,786,828 | 1,666,485 |
| Constant currency customer accounts ($m) | 1,781,761 | 1,772,579 | 1,696,120 |
| Average interest-earning assets, year to date ($m) | 2,261,415 | 2,190,078 | 2,124,161 |
| Loans and advances to customers as % of customer accounts (%) | 56.2 | 55.3 | 56.7 |
| Total shareholders’ equity ($m) | 196,819 | 198,225 | 190,810 |
| Tangible ordinary shareholders’ equity ($m) | 162,335 | 165,153 | 160,398 |
| Net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($) | 10.17 | 10.36 | 9.74 |
| Tangible net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($) | 9.46 | 9.64 | 9.08 |
| Capital, leverage and liquidity | |||
| Common equity tier 1 capital ratio (%)1,2 | 14.0 | 14.9 | 14.7 |
| Risk-weighted assets ($m)1,2 | 883,759 | 888,647 | 853,257 |
| Total capital ratio (%)1,2 | 19.7 | 20.5 | 19.9 |
| Leverage ratio (%)1,2 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.4 |
| High-quality liquid assets (liquidity value) ($m)2,3 | 710,604 | 702,123 | 660,704 |
| Liquidity coverage ratio (%)2,3 | 135 | 137 | 139 |
| Share count | |||
| Period end basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding, after deducting own shares held (millions) | 17,164 | 17,140 | 17,668 |
| Period end basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding and dilutive potential ordinary shares, after deducting<br><br>own shares held (millions) | 17,293 | 17,276 | 17,836 |
| Average basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding, after deducting own shares held (millions) | 17,129 | 17,136 | 17,769 |
ÑFor reconciliations of our reported results to a constant currency basis, including lists of notable items, see page 24. Definitions and calculations of other
alternative performance measures are included in ‘Alternative performance measures’ on page 32.
1Regulatory capital ratios and requirements are based on the Prudential rules in force at the time.
2Regulatory numbers and ratios are as presented at the date of reporting. Small changes may exist between these numbers and ratios and those subsequently
submitted in regulatory filings. Where differences are significant, we may restate in subsequent periods.
3The liquidity coverage ratio (‘LCR‘) is based on the average value of the preceding 12 months.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 7 |
Basis of presentation
Constant currency performance
Constant currency performance is computed by adjusting reported results for the effects of foreign currency translation differences, which
reflect the movements of the US dollar against most major currencies during 2026. Excluding these differences allows us to assess balance
sheet and income statement performance on a like-for-like basis and to better understand the underlying trends in the business. Foreign
currency translation differences at 31 March 2026 are computed by retranslating into US dollars for non-US dollar branches, subsidiaries, joint
ventures and associates:
–the income statements for 4Q25 and 1Q25 at the average rate of exchange for 1Q26;
–the closing prior period balance sheets at the prevailing rates of exchange on 31 March 2026.
No adjustment has been made to the exchange rates used to translate foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities into the functional
currencies of any HSBC branches, subsidiaries, joint ventures or associates. The constant currency data of our operations in Türkiye has not
been adjusted further for the impacts of hyperinflation. When reference is made to foreign currency translation differences in tables or
commentaries, comparative data reported in the functional currencies of HSBC’s operations has been translated at the appropriate exchange
rates applied in the current period on the basis described above.
Notable items and material notable items
We separately disclose ‘notable items’, which are components of our income statement that management would consider as outside the
normal course of business and generally non-recurring in nature.
Certain notable items are classified as ‘material notable items’, which are a subset of notable items. Categorisation as a material notable item is
dependent on the nature of each item in conjunction with the financial impact on the Group‘s income statement, and such items are excluded
from our ‘dividend payout ratio target basis’ calculation and ‘basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts’
measure. Material notable items in 1Q26 or relevant comparative periods relate to the operating expenses associated with actions to exit or
wind down non-strategic businesses.
ÑThe tables on pages 24 to 26 and pages 29 to 31 detail the effects of notable items on each of our business segments and legal entities.
Impact of strategic transactions
In addition to the items categorised as material notable items, the impacts of strategic transactions include the distorting impact observed
between the periods of the operating income statement results related to acquisitions and disposals that affect period-on-period comparisons.
Once a transaction has completed or a wind-down has commenced, the impact will include the operating income statement results of each
business, which are not classified as notable items, in any comparative period if there are no results in the current period as a result of a
transaction, or a reduction in revenue or costs has arisen from the wind-down of a business. We consider the monthly impact of distorting
income statement results when calculating the impact of strategic transactions. In the case of wind-downs, or transactions that complete in
phased tranches, there may be timing differences between the recognition of operating cost impacts and operating revenue impacts. These
would arise in the event that there is a timing lag between the impact of cost actions and the resultant impact on operating revenue.
ÑSee page 27 for further details on the impact of strategic transactions.
Management view of revenue on a constant currency basis
We provide breakdowns of revenue for each of our business segments on a constant currency basis by major product. These reflect the basis
on which revenue performance of the businesses is assessed and managed. In the management view of revenue, notable items are presented
separately.
We group certain products in a consistent manner across our business segments. Wholesale Transaction Banking comprises our Global Foreign
Exchange, GPS, GTS and Securities Services businesses. Wealth comprises our Investment Distribution, Insurance, Private Bank and Asset
Management businesses.
On page 9 we also provide a summarised management view of revenue for the Group‘s results, on reported foreign exchange rates, to
supplement the Group‘s reported revenue performance using the product grouping which is used to manage and assess our segmental
performance.
Impact of hyperinflationary accounting
We continue to treat Türkiye as a hyperinflationary economy for accounting purposes. The impact of applying International Accounting Standard
(‘IAS’) 29 ‘Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies’ and the hyperinflation provisions of IAS 21 ’The Effects of Changes in Foreign
Exchange Rates’ in the current period on our operations in Türkiye was a decrease in the Group’s profit before tax of $62m (4Q25: $31m
decrease; 1Q25: $48m decrease). The consumer price index at 31 March 2026 for Türkiye was 121.47, an increase in the 1Q26 period of 11.08
compared with 4Q25 (4Q25: 4.61 increase compared with 3Q25; 1Q25: 8.49 increase compared with 4Q24).
Use of alternative performance measures
Our reported results are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board (‘IFRS Accounting Standards‘), as detailed in our financial statements starting on page 288 of the Annual Report and Accounts
2025 on Form 20-F.
To measure our performance, we supplement our IFRS Accounting Standards figures with non-IFRS Accounting Standards measures, which
constitute alternative performance measures under European Securities and Markets Authority guidance and non-GAAP financial measures
defined in and presented in accordance with the US Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations. These measures include those
derived from our reported results that eliminate factors distorting period-on-period comparisons. The ‘constant currency performance’ measure
used throughout this report is described on page 7. Definitions and calculations of other alternative performance measures are included in
‘Alternative performance measures’ on page 32. All alternative performance measures are reconciled to the closest reported performance
measure.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 8 |
Return on average tangible equity excluding notable items
The calculation for RoTE excluding notable items adjusts the ‘profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders, excluding goodwill and other
intangible assets impairment‘ for the post-tax impact of notable items. To better align with market practice, from our 2025 full-year results, we
no longer adjust the ‘average tangible equity‘ for the post-tax impact of notable items in each period. Comparatives have been re-presented.
ÑSee page 33 for the definition of return on average tangible equity excluding notable items and page 33 for the reconciliation to the GAAP measure.
Banking net interest income
Banking net interest income (‘banking NII‘) adjusts our NII primarily for the impact of funding trading and fair value activities reported in interest
expense. It represents the Group’s banking revenue that is directly impacted by changes in interest rates. We use this measure to determine
the deployment of our surplus funding, and to help optimise our structural hedging and risk management actions.
ÑFor more information on banking NII, including the reconciliation to the GAAP measure, see page 13.
Constant currency revenue and profit before tax excluding notable items and the
impact of strategic transactions
To aid the understanding of our results, we separately report ‘constant currency revenue excluding notable items‘ and ‘constant currency profit
before tax excluding notable items‘, which exclude the impact of notable items and the impact of foreign exchange translation. We also
separately disclose ‘constant currency revenue excluding notable items and the impact of strategic transactions‘ and ‘constant currency profit
before tax excluding notable items and the impact of strategic transactions‘, which also exclude the impact of strategic transactions classified as
material notable items. We consider these measures to provide useful information to investors as they remove items that distort period-on-
period comparisons.
The impact of strategic transactions also includes the distorting impact between the periods of the operating income statement results related
to acquisitions and disposals and that affect period-on-period comparisons. These impacts are not included in our notable or material notable
items. The impact of strategic transactions is computed by including the operating income statement results of each business in any period for
which there are no results in the comparative period.
ÑSee page 33 for the reconciliation to the GAAP measure.
Target basis operating expenses
Target basis operating expenses includes the impact of simplification-related saves associated with our announced strategic reorganisation, is
measured on a constant currency basis and excludes notable items and the impact of retranslating the prior year results of hyperinflationary
economies at constant currency, which we consider to be outside of our control. We consider target basis operating expenses to provide useful
information to investors by quantifying and excluding the notable items that management considered when setting and assessing cost-related
targets.
ÑSee page 35 for the reconciliation to the GAAP measure.
Basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts
We have established a dividend payout ratio target basis of 50% for 2026. For the purposes of computing our dividend payout ratio target basis,
we exclude from earnings per share material notable items and related impacts.
Related impacts include those items that do not qualify for designation as notable items but whose adjustment is considered by management to
be appropriate for the purposes of determining the basis for our dividend payout ratio target basis calculation, which we exclude from earnings
per share material notable items and related impacts.
ÑSee page 27 for the supplementary analysis of the impact of strategic transactions.
ÑSee page 32 for the definition of ‘basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts‘ and page 35 for the reconciliation to the GAAP
measure.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 9 |
Income statement results
Summary consolidated income statement
| Quarter ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Net interest income | 8,945 | 9,196 | 8,302 |
| Net fee income | 3,719 | 3,194 | 3,324 |
| Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis | 5,450 | 4,621 | 5,356 |
| Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured<br><br>at fair value through profit or loss | (364) | 1,619 | 1,521 |
| Insurance finance income/(expense) | 401 | (1,656) | (1,556) |
| Insurance service result | 491 | 439 | 347 |
| (Losses)/gains recognised on sale of business operations1 | (505) | 134 | 2 |
| Other operating (expense)/income2 | 487 | (1,183) | 353 |
| Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges3 | 18,624 | 16,364 | 17,649 |
| Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges | (1,301) | (901) | (876) |
| Net operating income | 17,323 | 15,463 | 16,773 |
| Total operating expenses excluding amortisation and impairment of intangible assets | (7,997) | (8,612) | (7,489) |
| Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets | (724) | (718) | (613) |
| Operating profit | 8,602 | 6,133 | 8,671 |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | 774 | 669 | 813 |
| Profit before tax | 9,376 | 6,802 | 9,484 |
| Tax expense | (1,982) | (1,615) | (1,914) |
| Profit after tax | 7,394 | 5,187 | 7,570 |
| Attributable to: | |||
| – ordinary shareholders of the parent company | 6,938 | 4,719 | 6,932 |
| – other equity holders | 407 | 225 | 392 |
| – non-controlling interests | 49 | 243 | 246 |
| Profit after tax | 7,394 | 5,187 | 7,570 |
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Basic earnings per share | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.39 |
| Diluted earnings per share | 0.40 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
| Dividend per ordinary share (paid in the period) | — | 0.10 | — |
| % | % | % | |
| Return on average ordinary shareholders’ equity (annualised) | 16.0 | 10.8 | 16.6 |
| Return on average tangible equity (annualised) | 17.3 | 11.8 | 17.9 |
| Cost efficiency ratio | 46.8 | 57.0 | 45.9 |
1Amounts in 1Q26 include $0.2bn on the recycling in foreign currency translation reserve losses arising on completion of the sale of our UK life insurance
business, HSBC Life (UK) Limited, and $0.3bn of disposal losses recognised upon the ‘held for sale‘ classification of HSBC Continental Europe’s shareholding in
HSBC Bank Malta plc.
2 Amounts in 4Q25 include recycling of cumulative fair value losses of $1.5bn relating to the French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans following
the completion of its sale to a consortium comprising Rothesay Life plc and CCF.
3Also referred to as revenue.
1Q26 compared with 1Q25 – reported results
| Movement in reported profit compared with 1Q25 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||||
| Variance | |||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | |||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 18,624 | 17,649 | 975 | 6 | (572) |
| – of which: net interest income | 8,945 | 8,302 | 643 | 8 | 5 |
| ECL | (1,301) | (876) | (425) | (49) | — |
| Operating expenses | (8,721) | (8,102) | (619) | (8) | 82 |
| Share of profit from associates and joint ventures | 774 | 813 | (39) | (5) | — |
| Profit before tax | 9,376 | 9,484 | (108) | (1) | (490) |
| Tax expense | (1,982) | (1,914) | (68) | (4) | |
| Profit after tax | 7,394 | 7,570 | (176) | (2) | |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 19,125 | 17,740 | 1,385 | 8 | (162) |
| Profit before tax excluding notable items | 10,055 | 9,766 | 289 | 3 |
1For details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | |||||
| Supplementary management view of revenue | |||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended | |||||
| Variance | |||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | |||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | 11,253 | 10,599 | 654 | 6 | 2 |
| Fee and other income | 7,872 | 7,141 | 731 | 10 | (164) |
| – Wealth | 2,697 | 2,290 | 407 | 18 | (37) |
| – Wholesale Transaction Banking | 3,081 | 2,912 | 169 | 6 | (1) |
| – Other | 2,094 | 1,939 | 155 | 8 | (126) |
| Revenue excluding notable items3 | 19,125 | 17,740 | 1,385 | 8 | (162) |
| Notable items | (501) | (91) | (410) | >(100) | (410) |
| Revenue | 18,624 | 17,649 | 975 | 6 | (572) |
1For details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a reconciliation of banking NII to reported NII, see page 13. Banking NII in our supplementary management view of revenue excludes notable items, which
were nil in 1Q26 (1Q25: nil).
3For a reconciliation of reported revenue to revenue excluding notable items, see page 33.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (501) | (1,359) | (91) |
| Dilution loss of interest in BoCom associate | — | — | — |
| Currency translation on revenue notable items | (8) | (1) | |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (50) | (157) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs | (128) | (257) | (141) |
| Legal provisions | — | (11) | — |
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | 8 | (7) | |
| Impairment of interest in associate | — | — | — |
| Currency translation on associate notable items | — | — |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25 – constant currency basis
| Movement in profit before tax compared with 1Q25 – on a constant currency basis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||||
| Variance | |||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | |||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 18,624 | 18,319 | 305 | 2 | (587) |
| ECL | (1,301) | (923) | (378) | (41) | — |
| Operating expenses | (8,721) | (8,453) | (268) | (3) | 84 |
| Share of profit from associates and joint ventures | 774 | 845 | (71) | (8) | — |
| Profit before tax | 9,376 | 9,788 | (412) | (4) | (503) |
1For details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
1Q26 compared with 1Q25 – performance commentary
Reported profit before tax of $9.4bn was $0.1bn lower than in 1Q25, driven by higher ECL charges, as well as an adverse impact from notable
items and growth in operating expenses. In 1Q26, notable items primarily comprised a disposal loss on classification to held for sale of $0.3bn
associated with the planned sale of our business in Malta, and losses of $0.2bn from the recycling of foreign currency translation reserves
following the completion of the sale of our UK life insurance business. In 1Q25, notable items included $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs
received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina. We disposed of these ADRs during the second quarter of 2025. These
reductions were partly offset by revenue growth from strong fee and other income growth in Wealth in our IWPB and Hong Kong businesses
and higher banking NII.
On a constant currency basis, profit before tax of $9.4bn was 4% lower compared with 1Q25. Excluding notable items, profit before tax of
$10.1bn was broadly stable compared with 1Q25.
Reported revenue of $18.6bn was $1.0bn or 6% higher than in 1Q25 reflecting fee and other income and banking NII growth. This was partly
offset by a net adverse movement in notable items of $0.4bn, primarily relating to the planned sale of our business in Malta and the completion
of the sale of our UK life insurance business in 1Q26.
Revenue excluding notable items increased by $1.4bn or 8%, reflecting fee and other income growth, primarily in Wealth. There was a strong
performance in investment distribution, in both our IWPB and Hong Kong business segments, and an increase in Private Bank supported by
higher customer activity. In addition, there was growth in Insurance fee and other income driven by higher contractual service margin (‘CSM‘)
release given continued year-on-year growth in our CSM balance, notably in Hong Kong, favourable experience variances, and the non-
recurrence of onerous contract losses, notably in mainland China.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 11 |
Fee and other income increased in Wholesale Transaction Banking and also in Corporate Centre due to a one-off property asset disposal gain of
$0.2bn. These increases were partly offset by a reduction in fee and other income in Debt and Equity Markets.
NII increased by $0.6bn compared with 1Q25, including an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26. The increase was mainly driven by deposit
balance growth, the benefit of reinvestment of our structural hedge at higher yields and the impact of lower market interest rates on the funding
deployed to the trading book, partly offset by higher trading balances. The funding costs associated with generating trading and fair value
income were $2.4bn. Banking NII, which excludes these costs, increased by $0.7bn to $11.3bn.
On a constant currency basis, revenue increased by $0.3bn or 2%.
Reported ECL of $1.3bn were $0.4bn higher compared with 1Q25. The charge in 1Q26 primarily reflected a $0.4bn fraud-related, secondary,
securitisation exposure with a financial sponsor in the UK in our CIB business, as well as a $0.3bn increase in allowances to reflect heightened
uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward economic outlook due to the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February 2026. ECL in
1Q25 included charges related to geopolitical tensions and higher trade tariffs.
ÑFor further details of the calculation of ECL, including the measurement uncertainties and significant judgements applied to such calculations, the impact of the
economic scenarios and management judgemental adjustments, see pages 40 to 45.
Reported operating expenses of $8.7bn were $0.6bn or 8% higher. The increase reflected the phasing of the performance-related pay accrual
relative to 1Q25, the impact of inflation, higher planned spend and investment in technology, and an adverse impact from foreign currency
translation differences of $0.4bn. These increases were partly mitigated by cost reductions from our organisational simplification.
Restructuring and other related costs associated with our organisational simplification of $0.1bn were broadly stable compared with 1Q25. On a
constant currency basis, operating expenses increased by $0.3bn or 3%. Target basis operating expenses were $0.3bn or 3% higher than in
1Q25.
Reported share of profit from associates and joint ventures of $0.8bn fell by $39m or 5%, primarily due to a lower share of profit from Bank
of Communications Co., Limited (‘BoCom‘) following the dilution in the Group‘s stake from 19.03% to 16.00% during 2025.
Tax expense in 1Q26 was a charge of $2.0bn, representing an effective tax rate of 21.1%. The effective tax rate for 1Q26 was increased by
1.0% by the non-deductible losses recorded on the sale of HSBC Life (UK) Limited and the planned sale of our business in Malta. Tax expense
in 1Q25 was a charge of $1.9bn, representing an effective tax rate of 20.2%. The effective tax rate for 1Q25 was increased by 0.7% by charges
in respect of prior periods.
Dividend
On 5 May 2026, the Board announced a first interim dividend for 2026 of $0.10 per ordinary share. For further details, see page 51.
1Q26 compared with 4Q25 – reported results
| Movement in reported profit compared with 4Q25 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||||||
| Variance | ||||||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 4Q25 | ||||||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | % | |||||||
| Revenue | 18,624 | 16,364 | 2,260 | 14 | ||||||
| – of which: net interest income | 8,945 | 9,196 | (251) | (3) | ||||||
| ECL | (1,301) | (901) | (400) | (44) | ||||||
| Operating expenses | (8,721) | (9,330) | 609 | 7 | ||||||
| Share of profit from associates and joint ventures | 774 | 669 | 105 | 16 | ||||||
| Profit before tax | 9,376 | 6,802 | 2,574 | 38 | ||||||
| Tax expense | (1,982) | (1,615) | (367) | (23) | ||||||
| Profit after tax | 7,394 | 5,187 | 2,207 | 43 | ||||||
| Revenue excluding notable items | 19,125 | 17,723 | 1,402 | 8 | ||||||
| Profit before tax excluding notable items | 10,055 | 8,586 | 1,469 | 17 | Supplementary management view of revenue | |||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||
| Quarter ended | ||||||||||
| Variance | ||||||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 4Q25 | ||||||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | % | |||||||
| Banking NII1 | 11,253 | 11,722 | (469) | (4) | ||||||
| Fee and other income | 7,872 | 6,001 | 1,871 | 31 | ||||||
| – Wealth | 2,697 | 2,147 | 550 | 26 | ||||||
| – Wholesale Transaction Banking | 3,081 | 2,647 | 434 | 16 | ||||||
| – Other | 2,094 | 1,207 | 887 | 73 | ||||||
| Revenue excluding notable items2 | 19,125 | 17,723 | 1,402 | 8 | ||||||
| Notable items | (501) | (1,359) | 858 | 63 | ||||||
| Revenue | 18,624 | 16,364 | 2,260 | 14 |
1For a reconciliation of banking NII to reported NII, see page 13. Banking NII in our supplementary management view of revenue excludes notable items, which
were nil in 1Q26 (4Q25: nil).
2For a reconciliation of reported revenue to revenue excluding notable items, see page 33.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 12 |
1Q26 compared with 4Q25 – constant currency basis
| Movement in profit before tax compared with 4Q25 – on a constant currency basis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||
| Variance | ||||
| 1Q26 vs. 4Q25 | ||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | % | |
| Revenue | 18,624 | 16,464 | 2,160 | 13 |
| ECL | (1,301) | (910) | (391) | (43) |
| Operating expenses | (8,721) | (9,389) | 668 | 7 |
| Share of profit from associates and joint ventures | 774 | 681 | 93 | 14 |
| Profit before tax | 9,376 | 6,846 | 2,530 | 37 |
1Q26 compared with 4Q25 – performance commentary
Reported profit before tax of $9.4bn was $2.6bn higher than in 4Q25. This primarily reflected an increase in revenue of $2.3bn, which included
a net favourable impact of notable items of $0.9bn, mainly relating to business disposals. Higher revenue also included growth in fee and other
income from Wealth in our IWPB and Hong Kong business segments, and Debt and Equity Markets and Global Foreign Exchange in our CIB
segment. Operating expenses fell by $0.6bn compared with 4Q25, while ECL increased by $0.4bn.
Reported profit after tax of $7.4bn was $2.2bn or 43% higher compared with 4Q25.
On a constant currency basis, profit before tax of $9.4bn was $2.5bn higher than in 4Q25, while excluding notable items it increased by $1.4bn
or 17%.
Reported revenue of $18.6bn was $2.3bn or 14% higher, which included a net favourable impact of notable items of $0.9bn.
In 1Q26, notable items primarily comprised a disposal loss on classification to held for sale of $0.3bn associated with the planned sale of our
business in Malta, and losses of $0.2bn from the recycling of foreign currency translation reserves following the completion of the sale of our
UK life insurance business. In 4Q25, notable items primarily comprised reserve recycling losses of $1.5bn following the completion of the sale
of our French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans.
Revenue excluding notable items increased by $1.4bn driven by the impact of higher customer activity across Wealth products in our Hong
Kong and IWPB business segments, and stronger client activity and market volatility in Debt and Equity Markets in CIB. Fee and other income
from Wholesale Transaction Banking also increased, primarily in Global Foreign Exchange driven by increased market volatility in 1Q26, as well
as from higher fee and other income in GTS.
NII decreased by $0.3bn compared with 4Q25, including an adverse impact of foreign currency translation differences of $0.1bn. Excluding
these factors, NII decreased due to a lower day count in 1Q26, an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26, the non-recurrence of $0.1bn in
favourable one-off items in 4Q25, and increased funding deployed to the trading book. This was partly offset by the benefit of deposit growth.
The funding costs associated with generating trading and fair value income were $2.4bn, a reduction of $0.2bn compared with 4Q25. Banking
NII, which excludes these costs, decreased by $0.5bn to $11.3bn.
Reported ECL of $1.3bn were $0.4bn or 44% higher than in 4Q25, primarily reflecting a $0.4bn fraud-related, secondary, securitisation
exposure with a financial sponsor in the UK in our CIB business. In addition, the 1Q26 charge included a $0.3bn increase in allowances to reflect
heightened uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward economic outlook due to the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February
2026.
Reported operating expenses of $8.7bn were $0.6bn or 7% lower. The reduction included a net favourable impact from notable items of
$0.2bn, including restructuring and other related costs of $0.1bn related to our organisational simplification, and a $0.1bn impact from strategic
transactions, as well as $0.2bn from lower banking levies, mainly incurred in the fourth quarter. These decreases were partly offset by higher
planned spend and investment in technology.
On a constant currency basis, operating expenses decreased by $0.7bn or 7%. Target basis operating expenses were $0.4bn or 5% lower
than in 4Q25.
The number of employees expressed in full-time equivalent staff at 31 March 2026 was 208,844, stable compared with 31 December 2025. The
number of contractors at 31 March 2026 was 3,774, a decrease of 200 from 31 December 2025.
Reported share of profit from associates and joint ventures was $0.1bn or 16% higher, primarily due to a higher share of profit from
BoCom.
Tax expense in 1Q26 was a charge of $2.0bn, representing an effective tax rate of 21.1% (4Q25: 23.7%). The effective tax rate for 1Q26 was
increased by 1.0% by the non-deductible losses recorded on the sale of HSBC Life (UK) Limited and the planned sale of our business in Malta.
The effective tax rate for 4Q25 was increased by the non-deductible bank levy expense and by non-deductible net losses arising on business
disposals. Excluding these items, the effective tax rate for 4Q25 was 19.1%.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 13 |
Net interest income
| Quarter ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Interest income | 23,658 | 24,503 | 24,413 |
| Interest expense | (14,713) | (15,307) | (16,111) |
| Net interest income | 8,945 | 9,196 | 8,302 |
| Average interest-earning assets | 2,261,415 | 2,221,054 | 2,124,161 |
| % | % | % | |
| Gross interest yield1 | 4.24 | 4.38 | 4.66 |
| Less: gross interest payable1 | (2.79) | (2.93) | (3.34) |
| Net interest spread2 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.32 |
| Net interest margin3 | 1.60 | 1.64 | 1.59 |
1Gross interest yield is the average annualised interest rate earned on average interest-earning assets (‘AIEA’), net of amortised premiums and loan fees. Gross
interest payable is the average annualised interest cost as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.
2Net interest spread is the difference between the average annualised interest rate earned on AIEA, net of amortised premiums and loan fees, and the average
annualised interest rate payable on average interest-bearing funds.
3Net interest margin is net interest income expressed as an annualised percentage of AIEA.
NII in 1Q26 of $8.9bn was $0.3bn lower compared with 4Q25. This mainly reflected a lower day count, an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26,
the non-recurrence of $0.1bn in favourable one-off items in 4Q25, and increased funding deployed to the trading book. This was partly offset by
the benefit of deposit growth.
NII increased by $0.6bn or 8% compared with 1Q25, including an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26. The increase was mainly driven by
deposit balance growth, the benefit of the reinvestment of our structural hedge at higher yields and the impact of lower market interest rates on
the funding deployed to the trading book, partly offset by higher trading balances.
NIM for 1Q26 of 1.60% was 1bps higher compared with 1Q25. NIM was down 4bps in 1Q26 compared with 4Q25, primarily reflecting the one-
off items mentioned above.
Interest income in 1Q26 of $23.7bn decreased by $0.8bn or 3% compared with 1Q25, and by $0.8bn or 3% compared with 4Q25, due to
lower market interest rates. On a constant currency basis, interest income fell by $1.7bn compared with 1Q25, and by $1.0bn compared with 4Q25.
Interest expense in 1Q26 of $14.7bn decreased by $1.4bn or 9% compared with 1Q25, and by $0.6bn or 4% compared with 4Q25, due to
lower market interest rates. On a constant currency basis, interest expense fell by $2.0bn compared with 1Q25, and by $0.7bn compared with
4Q25.
Banking net interest income
| Quarter ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Net interest income | 8,945 | 9,196 | 8,302 |
| Banking book funding costs used to generate ‘net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed<br><br>on a fair value basis’ | 2,356 | 2,592 | 2,403 |
| Third-party net interest income from insurance | (48) | (66) | (106) |
| Banking net interest income | 11,253 | 11,722 | 10,599 |
| Currency translation | 84 | 408 | |
| Banking net interest income – on a constant currency basis | 11,253 | 11,806 | 11,007 |
| Banking net interest income – on a reported basis | 11,253 | 11,722 | 10,599 |
| – of which: | |||
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 5,431 | 5,710 | 5,439 |
| HSBC UK Bank plc | 3,027 | 3,046 | 2,662 |
| HSBC Bank plc | 1,376 | 1,477 | 1,104 |
Banking NII adjusts our NII primarily for the impact of funding trading and fair value activities reported in interest expense. It represents the
Group’s banking revenue that is directly impacted by changes in interest rates. It is defined as Group net interest income after deducting:
–the internal cost to fund trading and fair value net assets for which associated revenue is reported in ‘Net income from financial instruments
held for trading or managed on a fair value basis’, also referred to as ‘trading and fair value income’. These funding costs reflect proxy
overnight or term interest rates as applied by internal funds transfer pricing;
–the funding cost of foreign exchange swaps in Markets Treasury, where an offsetting income or loss is recorded in trading and fair value
income. These instruments are used to manage foreign currency deployment and funding in our entities; and
–third-party net interest income in our insurance business.
In our segmental disclosures, the funding costs of trading and fair value net assets are predominantly recorded in CIB in ‘net income from
financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis’. On consolidation, this funding is eliminated in Corporate Centre, resulting
in an increase in the funding cost reported in net interest income with an equivalent offsetting increase in ‘net income from financial
instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis’ in this segment. In the consolidated Group results, the cost to fund these trading
and fair value net assets is reported in net interest income.
Banking NII was $11.3bn in 1Q26, an increase of $0.7bn or 6% compared with 1Q25, mainly driven by deposit growth, and the benefit of
reinvestment of our structural hedge at higher yields. This was partly offset by an adverse $0.1bn one-off item in 1Q26. The funding costs
associated with generating trading and fair value income were $2.4bn, broadly stable compared with 1Q25.
The internally allocated funding to generate trading and fair value income was approximately $243bn at 1Q26, a rise of approximately $43bn
since 1Q25, and up $18bn compared with 4Q25. This relates to trading, fair value and associated net asset balances predominantly in CIB.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 14 |
Balance sheet
Summary consolidated balance sheet
| At | ||
|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |
| $m | $m | |
| Assets | ||
| Cash and balances at central banks | 214,707 | 242,859 |
| Trading assets | 365,667 | 366,153 |
| Financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss | 138,535 | 133,063 |
| Derivatives | 267,583 | 237,740 |
| Loans and advances to banks | 100,297 | 108,462 |
| Loans and advances to customers | 1,001,957 | 988,399 |
| Reverse repurchase agreements – non-trading | 314,864 | 298,392 |
| Financial investments | 580,632 | 567,211 |
| Assets held for sale | 11,583 | 11,115 |
| Other assets | 310,186 | 279,640 |
| Total assets | 3,306,011 | 3,233,034 |
| Liabilities | ||
| Deposits by banks | 87,581 | 97,952 |
| Customer accounts | 1,781,761 | 1,786,828 |
| Repurchase agreements – non-trading | 216,162 | 204,974 |
| Trading liabilities | 80,646 | 72,122 |
| Financial liabilities designated at fair value | 167,693 | 158,456 |
| Derivatives | 259,845 | 237,854 |
| Debt securities in issue | 101,742 | 99,675 |
| Insurance contract liabilities | 128,070 | 122,955 |
| Liabilities of disposal groups held for sale | 20,719 | 23,382 |
| Other liabilities | 264,522 | 223,170 |
| Total liabilities | 3,108,741 | 3,027,368 |
| Equity | ||
| Total shareholders’ equity | 196,819 | 198,225 |
| Non-controlling interests | 451 | 7,441 |
| Total equity | 197,270 | 205,666 |
| Total liabilities and equity | 3,306,011 | 3,233,034 |
| Combined view of customer lending and customer deposits | ||
| --- | --- | --- |
| At | ||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |
| $m | $m | |
| Loans and advances to customers | 1,001,957 | 988,399 |
| Loans and advances to customers of disposal groups reported in ‘Assets held for sale’ | 4,910 | 2,190 |
| – business in Malta | 3,191 | — |
| – Germany custody business | 316 | 323 |
| – business in South Africa | — | 431 |
| – retail banking business in Sri Lanka | 98 | 101 |
| – business in Uruguay | 1,304 | 1,314 |
| – other | — | 21 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | 645 | 1,303 |
| Combined customer lending | 1,007,512 | 991,892 |
| Currency translation | (6,589) | |
| Combined customer lending at constant currency | 1,007,512 | 985,303 |
| Customer accounts | 1,781,761 | 1,786,828 |
| Customer accounts reported in ‘Liabilities of disposal groups held for sale’ | 19,007 | 16,173 |
| – business in Malta | 7,276 | — |
| – Germany custody business | 9,772 | 12,316 |
| – business in South Africa | — | 2,056 |
| – retail banking business in Sri Lanka | 426 | 430 |
| – business in Uruguay | 1,534 | 1,369 |
| – other | — | 2 |
| Combined customer deposits | 1,800,768 | 1,803,001 |
| Currency translation | (14,563) | |
| Combined customer deposits at constant currency | 1,800,768 | 1,788,438 |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||
| --- | ||
| 15 |
Balance sheet commentary – 31 March 2026 compared with 31 December 2025
At 31 March 2026, our total assets of $3.3tn were $73.0bn higher on a reported basis and included the adverse effects of foreign currency
translation differences of $25.1bn. On a constant currency basis, total assets were $98.1bn higher, as increases in derivative assets, settlement
balances, loans and advances to customers, reverse repos and financial investments were partly offset by a decrease in cash and balances at
central banks.
Loans and advances to customers as a percentage of customer accounts were 56.2%, compared with 55.3% at 31 December 2025.
Loans and advances to customers of $1.0tn were $13.6bn higher on a reported basis. This included an adverse effect of foreign currency
translation differences of $6.5bn. On a constant currency basis, customer lending balances increased by $20.1bn.
The following movements are on a constant currency basis.
In CIB, customer lending increased by $12.0bn, which included an increase in GTS lending in the Middle East, Singapore and India. There was
also lending growth in the US and Hong Kong, partly offset by a decrease in Mexico.
In our UK business, customer lending rose by $4.4bn, primarily driven by continued growth in commercial lending and mortgage balances.
In our Hong Kong business, customer lending increased by $2.4bn, driven by higher term and other lending balances across commercial and
retail customers.
In our IWPB business, customer lending rose by $1.2bn, reflecting growth in Private Bank lending notably in Hong Kong and Singapore. This
was partly offset by the classification to ‘assets of disposal groups held for sale‘ of loans from the planned sale of our business in Malta.
Customer accounts of $1.8tn decreased by $5.1bn on a reported basis. This included the adverse effects of foreign currency translation
differences of $14.2bn. On a constant currency basis, customer accounts increased by $9.2bn.
The following movements are on a constant currency basis.
In CIB, customer accounts increased by $10.5bn. This included growth in balances in Hong Kong, reflecting new client mandates in Securities
Services, partly offset by the classification to ‘liabilities of disposal groups held for sale‘ of $2.0bn of deposits from the planned sale of our
business in Malta.
In IWPB, customer accounts decreased by $1.1bn reflecting the classification to ‘liabilities of disposal groups held for sale‘ of $5.2bn of deposits
from the planned sale of our business in Malta. This was partly offset by growth in deposits in Private Bank notably in Hong Kong, and retail
deposits in the US.
In our Hong Kong and UK businesses, customer accounts remained broadly stable.
Total shareholders‘ equity, including non-controlling interests, of $197bn decreased by $8bn or 4% compared with 31 December 2025. Profit
generated of $7bn was more than offset by the impact of the $13.7bn privatisation of Hang Seng Bank, which comprised the derecognition of
$7bn in non-controlling interests and a residual $6.7bn reduction in shareholders‘ equity. In addition, there were losses through other
comprehensive income of $3bn.
Financial investments
As part of our interest rate hedging strategy, we hold a portfolio of debt instruments, reported within financial investments, which are classified
as hold-to-collect-and-sell. As a result, the change in value of these instruments is recognised through ‘debt instruments at fair value through
other comprehensive income’ in equity. At 1Q26, we recognised a pre-tax cumulative unrealised loss reserve through other comprehensive
income of $2.4bn related to these hold-to-collect-and-sell positions, excluding investments held in our insurance business. This compared with
an unrealised loss of $1.1bn at 4Q25, and reflected a $1.3bn pre-tax loss in 1Q26, inclusive of movements on related fair value hedges.
We also hold a portfolio of financial investments measured at amortised cost, which are classified as hold-to-collect and are held to manage our
interest rate exposure. At 1Q26, the debt instruments within this portfolio had a cumulative unrecognised loss of $1.8bn, representing a $1.4bn
deterioration during 1Q26.
Risk-weighted assets
RWAs of $883.8bn decreased by $4.8bn compared with 31 December 2025, primarily due to lower market risk RWAs of $6.3bn, mainly due to
a reduction of structural foreign exchange exposures following completion of the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank and a $5.0bn fall from foreign
currency translation differences. Further decreases reflected the $3.5bn impact from strategic transactions and credit quality improvements of
$3.1bn, mainly in our Hong Kong business. This was offset mainly by higher corporate lending in our CIB and UK businesses, and Saudi Awwal
Bank (‘SAB‘) within Corporate Centre.
ÑFor further details on RWAs, see page 49.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 16 |
View of customer deposits by type
The following table, introduced at 1Q26, shows a view of customer deposits by type. Instant access/demand deposits include current accounts
and savings accounts that can be contractually accessed on demand by the customer with no or limited conditions on withdrawal. Fixed term
deposits include term deposits, and instant access/demand deposits where withdrawal is contractually permitted but subject to conditions
impacting withdrawal.
| Customer deposits – legal entities | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At 31 Mar 2026 | ||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC Bank<br><br>plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC Bank<br><br>Middle East<br><br>Limited | HSBC North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Instant access/demand deposits (‘IA/D‘) | 287,984 | 223,165 | 581,050 | 29,054 | 92,393 | 20,050 | 7,474 | 1,241,170 |
| Fixed term deposits | 82,619 | 90,406 | 338,520 | 9,128 | 7,558 | 8,235 | 4,125 | 540,591 |
| Total customer accounts | 370,603 | 313,571 | 919,570 | 38,182 | 99,951 | 28,285 | 11,599 | 1,781,761 |
| IA/D to total customer accounts ratio (%) | 78 | 71 | 63 | 76 | 92 | 71 | 64 | 70 |
| Loans and advances to customers | 311,494 | 103,572 | 479,119 | 24,420 | 55,361 | 24,068 | 3,923 | 1,001,957 |
| Loan to IA/D ratio (%) | 108 | 46 | 82 | 84 | 60 | 120 | 52 | 81 |
| Loan to total customer accounts ratio (%) | 84 | 33 | 52 | 64 | 55 | 85 | 34 | 56 |
| At 31 Dec 2025 | ||||||||
| Instant access/demand deposits | 293,276 | 216,100 | 570,222 | 28,701 | 91,189 | 21,138 | 6,006 | 1,226,632 |
| Fixed term deposits | 83,627 | 105,351 | 341,503 | 8,309 | 8,269 | 8,355 | 4,782 | 560,196 |
| Total customer accounts | 376,903 | 321,451 | 911,725 | 37,010 | 99,458 | 29,493 | 10,788 | 1,786,828 |
| IA/D to total customer accounts ratio (%) | 78 | 67 | 63 | 78 | 92 | 72 | 56 | 69 |
| Loans and advances to customers | 310,116 | 106,409 | 467,842 | 22,618 | 52,178 | 25,252 | 3,984 | 988,399 |
| Loan to IA/D ratio (%) | 106 | 49 | 82 | 79 | 57 | 119 | 66 | 81 |
| Loan to total customer accounts ratio (%) | 82 | 33 | 51 | 61 | 52 | 86 | 37 | 55 |
Business disposals
During the first quarter of 2026, we recognised a pre-tax loss on disposal of $0.3bn related to the planned sale of our business in Malta and a
loss of $0.2bn following completion of the sale of our UK life insurance entity. We reported balances of $11.6bn in assets held for sale and
$20.7bn in liabilities held for sale at 31 March 2026, which were predominantly business groups that met held for sale criteria. This included
reclassification to held for sale of $8.3bn in assets and $8.2bn in liabilities in respect of our business in Malta, which was offset by
derecognitions following completion of the sale of our UK life insurance entity and our business in South Africa.
On 4 May 2026, PT Bank HSBC Indonesia, an indirect subsidiary of HSBC Holdings, entered into a binding agreement to sell its retail banking
business to PT Bank OCBC NISP Tbk. The transaction, which is subject to regulatory approval, is expected to complete in the first half of 2027,
at which point, subject to variable consideration terms, an estimated up to $0.4bn pre-tax gain will be recognised.
On 30 April 2026, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited completed the sale of its retail banking business in Sri Lanka to
Nations Trust Bank PLC. An immaterial pre-tax gain on disposal was recognised following completion.
On 27 February 2026, HSBC Bank plc completed the transfer of its business in South Africa to local lender FirstRand Bank Ltd. Prior to their
derecognition at completion, as at 31 December 2025, related balances stood at $0.4bn in assets and $2.1bn in liabilities. Upon subsequent
wind-down of the entity, expected in the second half of 2026, cumulative foreign currency translation reserves and other reserves will recycle to
the income statement. At 31 March 2026, foreign currency translation reserve and other reserve losses stood at $0.2bn.
On 30 January 2026, HSBC Bank plc completed the sale of its UK life insurance entity, HSBC Life (UK) Limited, to Chesnara plc. Prior to their
derecognition at completion, as at 31 December 2025, related balances stood at $6.6bn in assets and $6.4bn in liabilities. On completion, we
recognised a loss of $0.2bn following the recycling of foreign currency translation reserves to the income statement.
On 16 September 2025, HSBC Continental Europe entered into a put option agreement with CrediaBank S.A. for the potential sale of its 70.03%
majority stake in HSBC Bank Malta plc. On 22 December 2025, following completion of the employee information and consultation process in
France and in line with the put option terms, a sale and purchase agreement was signed. As at 31 March 2026, given that the operational
readiness and transition activities were expected to be substantially completed within 12 months, and with legal completion anticipated shortly
after, we judged the disposal group met the held for sale criteria. As a result, $8.3bn of assets and $8.2bn of liabilities were classified as held for
sale and a pre-tax loss on disposal of $0.3bn was recognised. The transaction remains subject to regulatory approval.
On 27 July 2025, HSBC Latin America Holdings (UK) Limited entered into a binding agreement to sell HSBC Bank (Uruguay) S.A. to a subsidiary
of BTG Pactual Holding SA. The disposal group met the held for sale criteria and an immaterial loss on disposal was recognised in the third
quarter of 2025, with balances remaining classified as held for sale at 31 March 2026 of $2.2bn in assets and $2.0bn in liabilities. The
transaction, which is subject to regulatory approvals, is expected to complete in the second half of 2026.
On 11 July 2025, HSBC Continental Europe, a wholly-owned subsidiary of HSBC Bank plc, reached an agreement to sell its fund administration
business, Internationale Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH, to BlackFin Capital Partners S.A.S. The disposal group met the held for sale criteria in
the third quarter of 2025, with immaterial balances remaining classified as held for sale at 31 March 2026. This transaction, which has received
regulatory approval, is expected to complete in the second half of 2026, at which point an immaterial gain on disposal will be recognised.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 17 |
On 27 June 2025, HSBC Continental Europe reached an agreement to sell its custody business in Germany to BNP Paribas. This transaction will
be completed in a phased manner, with the initial phase completed in the first quarter of 2026. While client consent and related operational
requirements may extend the timing for completion of all client transfers, given the signing of a sale and purchase agreement, the disposal
group met the held for sale criteria in the second quarter of 2025, with balances remaining classified as held for sale at 31 March 2026 of $0.4bn
in assets and $10.1bn in liabilities. The sale is expected to generate an estimated pre-tax gain on disposal of $0.1bn, which will be recognised in
line with completion of client transfers.
Events after the balance sheet date
On 30 April 2026, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited completed the sale of its retail banking business in Sri Lanka to
Nations Trust Bank PLC. An immaterial pre-tax gain on disposal was recognised following completion.
On 4 May 2026, PT Bank HSBC Indonesia, an indirect subsidiary of HSBC Holdings, entered into a binding agreement to sell its retail banking
business to PT Bank OCBC NISP Tbk. The transaction, which is subject to regulatory approval, is expected to complete in the first half of 2027,
at which point, subject to variable consideration terms, an estimated up to $0.4bn pre-tax gain will be recognised.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 18 |
Business segments
Our business segments – Hong Kong, UK, Corporate and Institutional Banking and International Wealth and Premier Banking – along with
Corporate Centre – are our reportable segments under IFRS 8 ‘Operating Segments’.
The Group Operating Committee is considered the Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘CODM’) for the purposes of identifying the Group’s
reportable segments. Business segment results are assessed by the CODM on the basis of constant currency performance. We separately
disclose ‘notable items’, as described on page 7.
Our operations are closely integrated and, accordingly, the presentation of data includes internal allocations of certain items of income and
expense. These allocations include the costs of certain support services and global infrastructures to the extent that they can be meaningfully
attributed to business segments. While such allocations have been made on a systematic and consistent basis, they necessarily involve a
degree of subjectivity. Costs that are not allocated to business segments are included in Corporate Centre.
Where relevant, income and expense amounts presented include the results of inter-segment funding along with inter-company and inter-
business line transactions. All such transactions are undertaken on arm‘s length terms. The intra-Group elimination items for business segments
are presented in Corporate Centre.
As required by IFRS 8, reconciliations of the constant currency results to the Group’s reported results are presented on page 24. Supplementary
reconciliations of constant currency to reported results by business segment are presented on pages 25 to 27 for information purposes.
Effective 1 January 2026, we transferred certain clients, primarily in Hong Kong and the UK, to the CIB segment to better meet their needs. This
transfer does not change the Group’s reportable segments. Comparative periods have been re-presented accordingly. The re-presentation has
no impact on the Group’s consolidated financial results or financial position.
Hong Kong – constant currency basis
| Results – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 4,024 | 3,954 | 3,915 | 109 | 3 | — |
| ECL | (208) | (307) | (315) | 107 | 34 | — |
| Operating expenses | (1,227) | (1,299) | (1,136) | (91) | (8) | — |
| Share of profit/(loss) from associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| Profit before tax | 2,589 | 2,348 | 2,464 | 125 | 5 | — |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| Management view of revenue – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | 2,905 | 3,180 | 2,962 | (57) | (2) | — |
| Fee and other income | 1,119 | 774 | 953 | 166 | 17 | — |
| – Retail Banking and Wealth | 798 | 545 | 658 | 140 | 21 | — |
| – Retail Banking | 95 | 65 | 86 | 9 | 10 | — |
| – Wealth | 673 | 457 | 544 | 129 | 24 | — |
| – Other3 | 30 | 23 | 28 | 2 | 7 | — |
| – Commercial Banking | 321 | 229 | 295 | 26 | 9 | — |
| – Wholesale Transaction Banking | 193 | 171 | 177 | 16 | 9 | — |
| – Credit and Lending | 26 | 16 | 26 | — | — | — |
| – Other3 | 102 | 42 | 92 | 10 | 11 | — |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 4,024 | 3,954 | 3,915 | 109 | 3 | — |
| Notable items | — | — | — | — | n/a | — |
| Revenue | 4,024 | 3,954 | 3,915 | 109 | 3 | — |
| RoTE (annualised)4 (%) | 44.7 | 36.8 | ||||
| RoTE excluding notable items (annualised)4 (%) | 44.7 | 37.0 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a description of how we derive banking NII, see page 13. In the Hong Kong business, there are no adjustments to NII to derive banking NII.
3Includes revenue from Markets Treasury. It also includes other non-product-specific income and notional tax credits.
4For details of our RoTE calculation by business segment, see page 34.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Restructuring and other related costs | (4) | (6) | (7) |
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | — | — | — |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||
| --- | |||
| 19 |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25
Profit before tax of $2.6bn increased by $0.1bn or 5% compared with 1Q25 on a constant currency basis.
Revenue of $4.0bn was $0.1bn or 3% higher on a constant currency basis.
Banking NII of $2.9bn decreased by $0.1bn or 2%. The decrease was mainly due to margin compression on deposits in a lower interest rate
environment and an adverse one-off impact of $0.1bn in 1Q26, which more than offset the impact of deposit balance growth.
Fee and other income of $1.1bn grew by $0.2bn or 17%, primarily driven by higher Wealth revenue, underpinned by strong performance in
investment distribution driven by higher customer activity and invested asset balance growth.
ECL of $0.2bn in 1Q26 were $0.1bn lower than in 1Q25 on a constant currency basis, reflecting higher recoveries related to the Hong Kong
commercial real estate (‘CRE‘) sector.
Operating expenses of $1.2bn increased by $0.1bn or 8% on a constant currency basis, driven by continued investment in our Wealth business,
the phasing of the performance-related pay accrual relative to 1Q25 and the impacts of inflation. These increases were partly mitigated by cost
reductions from our organisational simplification and lower marketing expenses.
UK – constant currency basis
| Results – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 3,250 | 3,293 | 3,107 | 143 | 5 | — |
| ECL | (203) | (101) | (181) | (22) | (12) | — |
| Operating expenses | (1,402) | (1,478) | (1,348) | (54) | (4) | — |
| Share of profit/(loss) from associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | — | 0 | — |
| Profit before tax | 1,645 | 1,714 | 1,578 | 67 | 4 | — |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| Management view of revenue – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | 2,807 | 2,892 | 2,668 | 139 | 5 | — |
| Fee and other income | 443 | 401 | 439 | 4 | 1 | — |
| – Retail Banking and Wealth | 182 | 132 | 163 | 19 | 12 | — |
| – Retail Banking | 72 | 52 | 67 | 5 | 7 | — |
| – Wealth | 88 | 72 | 92 | (4) | (4) | — |
| – Other3 | 22 | 8 | 4 | 18 | >100 | — |
| – Commercial Banking | 261 | 269 | 276 | (15) | (5) | — |
| – Wholesale Transaction Banking | 202 | 206 | 218 | (16) | (7) | — |
| – Credit and Lending | 61 | 65 | 56 | 5 | 9 | — |
| – Other3 | (2) | (2) | 2 | (4) | >(100) | — |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 3,250 | 3,293 | 3,107 | 143 | 5 | — |
| Notable items | — | — | — | — | n/a | — |
| Revenue | 3,250 | 3,293 | 3,107 | 143 | 5 | — |
| RoTE (annualised)4 (%) | 21.5 | 21.9 | ||||
| RoTE excluding notable items (annualised)4 (%) | 21.6 | 21.9 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a description of how we derive banking NII, see page 13. In the UK business, there are no adjustments to NII to derive banking NII.
3Includes revenue from Markets Treasury. It also includes other non-product-specific income and notional tax credits.
4For details of our RoTE calculation by business segment, see page 34.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | — | — | — |
| Restructuring and other related costs | (8) | (7) | (4) |
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | — | — | (1) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||
| --- | |||
| 20 |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25
Profit before tax of $1.6bn was $0.1bn or 4% higher than in 1Q25 on a constant currency basis.
Revenue of $3.3bn was $0.1bn or 5% higher on a constant currency basis.
Banking NII of $2.8bn increased by $0.1bn or 5%, reflecting the continued benefit of our structural hedge, higher corporate and retail lending
balances, and growth in deposit balances, partly offset by the impact of lower interest rates.
Fee and other income of $0.4bn was broadly stable on a constant currency basis.
ECL of $0.2bn increased by $22m on a constant currency basis. This reflected heightened uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward
economic outlook due to the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February 2026.
Operating expenses of $1.4bn increased by $0.1bn on a constant currency basis, with an increase in costs incurred on branch security given the
heightened risk environment, continued investment in technology and the impact of inflation. These increases were partly mitigated by cost
reductions from our organisational simplification.
Corporate and Institutional Banking – constant currency basis
| Results – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 7,788 | 7,054 | 7,651 | 137 | 2 | (14) |
| ECL | (679) | (235) | (181) | (498) | >(100) | — |
| Operating expenses | (3,772) | (4,143) | (3,674) | (98) | (3) | 73 |
| Share of profit/(loss) from associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Profit before tax | 3,337 | 2,676 | 3,796 | (459) | (12) | 59 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| Management view of revenue – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | 3,960 | 3,995 | 3,721 | 239 | 6 | (9) |
| Fee and other income | 3,822 | 3,061 | 3,930 | (108) | (3) | (11) |
| – Wholesale Transaction Banking | 2,686 | 2,284 | 2,624 | 62 | 2 | (1) |
| – Investment Banking | 260 | 210 | 254 | 6 | 2 | (10) |
| – Debt and Equity Markets | 751 | 381 | 1,009 | (258) | (26) | (1) |
| – Wholesale Credit and Lending | 170 | 175 | 147 | 23 | 16 | — |
| – Other3 | (45) | 11 | (104) | 59 | 57 | 1 |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 7,782 | 7,056 | 7,651 | 131 | 2 | (20) |
| Notable items | 6 | (2) | — | 6 | >100 | 6 |
| Revenue | 7,788 | 7,054 | 7,651 | 137 | 2 | (14) |
| RoTE (annualised)4 (%) | 17.0 | 19.3 | ||||
| RoTE excluding notable items (annualised)4 (%) | 17.2 | 19.7 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a description of how we derive banking NII, see page 13. In CIB, there are no adjustments to NII to derive banking NII. The internal funding costs of trading
and fair value net assets are recorded in ’fee and other income’. On consolidation, this funding is eliminated in Corporate Centre. In 1Q26, this funding cost was
$2.4bn (4Q25: $2.6bn, 1Q25: $2.5bn).
3Includes revenue from Markets Treasury and principal investments. It also includes other non-product-specific income and notional tax credits.
4For details of our RoTE calculation by business segment, see page 34.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | 6 | (3) | — |
| Currency translation on revenue notable items | — | 1 | — |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (12) | (77) | (26) |
| Restructuring and other related costs | (19) | (73) | (46) |
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | — | (2) | (7) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||
| --- | |||
| 21 |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25
Profit before tax of $3.3bn was $0.5bn or 12% lower than in 1Q25 on a constant currency basis.
Revenue of $7.8bn was $0.1bn or 2% higher on a constant currency basis.
Banking NII of $4.0bn increased by $0.2bn or 6% primarily reflecting increased funding deployed into trading activities on higher bullion
balances, and strong financing demand across developed and emerging markets.
Fee and other income of $3.8bn was $0.1bn or 3% lower than in 1Q25.
–In Debt and Equity Markets, fee and other income decreased by $0.3bn or 26% primarily reflecting higher funding costs associated with
trading activities on higher bullion balances, and lower fees compared with a stronger 1Q25.
–In Wholesale Transaction Banking, fee and other income increased by $0.1bn, driven by higher volumes and new mandates across Securities
Services, GPS and GTS. There was also a one-off recovery fee in GTS.
–In Other, fee and other income increased by $0.1bn, reflecting growth in principal investments.
ECL of $0.7bn in 1Q26 increased by $0.5bn compared with 1Q25 on a constant currency basis. The charge in 1Q26 primarily reflected a $0.4bn
fraud-related, secondary, securitisation exposure in the UK with a financial sponsor, as well as an increase in allowances to reflect heightened
uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward economic outlook due to the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February 2026.
Operating expenses of $3.8bn were $0.1bn or 3% higher on a constant currency basis, reflecting the phasing of the performance-related pay
accrual relative to 1Q25 and the impact of inflation. These increases were partly mitigated by cost reductions from our organisational
simplification.
International Wealth and Premier Banking – constant currency basis
| Results – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | 3,749 | 3,732 | 3,693 | 56 | 2 | (217) |
| ECL | (210) | (243) | (255) | 45 | 18 | — |
| Operating expenses | (2,333) | (2,500) | (2,221) | (112) | (5) | 20 |
| Share of profit/(loss) from associates and joint ventures | 25 | (2) | 11 | 14 | >100 | — |
| Profit before tax | 1,231 | 987 | 1,228 | 3 | — | (197) |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| Management view of revenue – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | Variance | |||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | ||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | 1,750 | 1,807 | 1,822 | (72) | (4) | (22) |
| Fee and other income | 2,166 | 1,830 | 1,887 | 279 | 15 | (44) |
| – Retail Banking | 229 | 187 | 168 | 61 | 36 | (1) |
| – Wealth | 1,936 | 1,626 | 1,715 | 221 | 13 | (43) |
| – Other3 | 1 | 17 | 4 | (3) | (75) | — |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 3,916 | 3,637 | 3,709 | 207 | 6 | (66) |
| Notable items | (167) | 95 | (16) | (151) | >(100) | (151) |
| Revenue | 3,749 | 3,732 | 3,693 | 56 | 2 | (217) |
| RoTE (annualised)4 (%) | 22.7 | 19.2 | ||||
| RoTE excluding notable items (annualised)4 (%) | 27.4 | 19.9 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a description of how we derive banking NII, see page 13. Banking NII in IWPB is computed by deducting third-party NII in our insurance business from total
IWPB NII, which was $48m in 1Q26 (4Q25: $67m, 1Q25: $113m). Total Insurance NII is presented in ‘fee and other income‘ in Wealth.
3Includes allocated revenue from Markets Treasury and hyperinflationary impacts. It also includes other non-product-specific income.
4For details of our RoTE calculation by business segment, see page 34.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (167) | 94 | (14) |
| Currency translation on revenue notable items | — | 1 | (2) |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (6) | (29) | (4) |
| Restructuring and other related costs | (21) | (53) | (23) |
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | — | (2) | (1) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||
| --- | |||
| 22 |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25
Profit before tax of $1.2bn remained stable compared with 1Q25 on a constant currency basis, including an adverse impact of $0.2bn from
strategic transactions.
Revenue of $3.7bn was broadly stable on a constant currency basis compared with 1Q25, including an adverse impact of $0.2bn from strategic
transactions.
Banking NII of $1.8bn decreased by $0.1bn or 4%, primarily due to lower interest rates on deposits, partly offset by balance sheet growth.
Fee and other income of $2.2bn was up by $0.3bn or 15%, driven by Wealth due to growth across all products and in multiple markets,
including mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan.
In Wealth, fee and other income of $1.9bn was up by $0.2bn or 13% including an adverse impact from strategic transactions.
–Investment distribution rose by $0.1bn or 29%, primarily due to higher sales of mutual funds and structured products, mainly in Asia.
–Insurance income was $0.1bn or 16% higher than in 1Q25, including the impact of strategic transactions. The increase was driven by higher
CSM release given continued year-on-year growth in our CSM balance, notably in Hong Kong, favourable experience variances, and the non-
recurrence of onerous contract losses, notably in mainland China. Additionally, the insurance manufacturing CSM balance at 1Q26 was
$15.2bn, up by $2.4bn or 19% compared with 1Q25. The increase primarily reflected new business CSM growth of $0.3bn or 31%, partly
offset by CSM release.
–Private Bank increased by $39m or 8%, as increased customer activity supported by business initiatives led to strong performances in
brokerage and trading, and from higher annuity fees, driven by growth in invested asset balances. This was partly offset by impacts from
strategic transactions.
In Retail Banking, fee and other income of $0.2bn was up by $0.1bn or 36%, mainly driven by gains in Mexico from the disposal of minority
interests.
Notable items in 1Q26 primarily related to losses of $0.2bn from the recycling of foreign currency translation reserves following the completion
of the sale of our UK life insurance business.
ECL of $0.2bn in 1Q26 were $45m or 18% lower than in 1Q25 on a constant currency basis. This reflected a reduction in charges in Mexico,
mainly due to lower unsecured lending, while credit performance across the rest of the portfolio remained stable.
Operating expenses of $2.3bn were $0.1bn or 5% higher than in 1Q25 on a constant currency basis, primarily reflecting the phasing of the
performance-related pay accrual relative to 1Q25, continued investments in Wealth, higher planned spend and investment in technology, and
the impact of inflation. These increases were partly mitigated by cost reductions from our organisational simplification.
Corporate Centre – constant currency basis
| Results – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Revenue | (187) | (1,569) | (47) | (140) | >(100) | (356) |
| ECL | (1) | (24) | 9 | (10) | >(100) | — |
| Operating expenses | 13 | 31 | (74) | 87 | >100 | (9) |
| Share of profit/(loss) from associates and joint ventures | 749 | 683 | 834 | (85) | (10) | — |
| Profit before tax | 574 | (879) | 722 | (148) | (20) | (365) |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 | ||||||
| Management view of revenue – on a constant currency basis | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| Variance | ||||||
| 1Q26 vs. 1Q25 | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | of which strategic<br><br>transactions1 | |||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | % | $m | |
| Banking NII2 | (169) | (68) | (166) | (3) | (2) | 36 |
| Fee and other income | 322 | (41) | 195 | 127 | 65 | (128) |
| Revenue excluding notable items | 153 | (109) | 29 | 124 | >100 | (92) |
| Notable items | (340) | (1,460) | (76) | (264) | >(100) | (264) |
| Revenue3 | (187) | (1,569) | (47) | (140) | >(100) | (356) |
| RoTE (annualised)4 (%) | 2.2 | 5.1 | ||||
| RoTE excluding notable items (annualised)4 (%) | 5.5 | 6.2 |
1Impact of strategic transactions classified as material notable items. For further details, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
2For a description of how we derive banking NII, see page 13. Corporate Centre banking NII includes funding charges on property and technology assets, and the
banking NII of the French retained portfolio of home and other loans prior to disposal.
3Revenue from Markets Treasury, HSBC Holdings net interest expense and hyperinflation are allocated out to the business segments, to align them better with
their revenue and expense. The total Markets Treasury revenue component of this allocation for 1Q26 was $565m (4Q25: $506m; 1Q25: $528m).
4For details of our RoTE calculation by business segment, see page 34.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (340) | (1,450) | (77) |
| Dilution loss of interest in BoCom associate | — | — | |
| Currency translation on revenue notable items | — | (10) | 1 |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (32) | (51) | (20) |
| Restructuring and other related costs | (76) | (118) | (61) |
| Legal provisions | (10) | ||
| Currency translation on operating expenses notable items | — | 12 | 2 |
| Impairment of interest in associate | — | — | — |
| Currency translation on associate notable items | — | — | — |
1Q26 compared with 1Q25
Profit before tax of $0.6bn was $0.1bn or 20% lower than in 1Q25, on a constant currency basis.
Revenue was $0.1bn lower on a constant currency basis, primarily due to the impact of notable items. In 1Q26, these primarily comprised a
disposal loss on classification to held for sale of $0.3bn associated with the planned sale of our business in Malta. In 1Q25, notable items
included $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
Banking NII was a net expense of $0.2bn. This was stable compared with 1Q25 on a constant currency basis. Banking NII in 1Q26 excluded
from NII the internal cost to fund trading and fair value net assets, predominantly in CIB, of $2.4bn (4Q25: $2.6bn, 1Q25: $2.5bn).
Fee and other income was $0.1bn higher reflecting property asset disposal gains of $0.2bn, partly offset by the non-recurrence of fair value
gains on non-qualifying hedges related to our retained French portfolio of home and certain other loans.
Operating expenses were $0.1bn lower on a constant currency basis, primarily driven by the phasing of recoveries of centrally managed costs
and cost reductions from our organisational simplification.
Share of profit from associates and joint ventures less impairment of $0.7bn decreased by $0.1bn or 10% on a constant currency basis,
primarily due to a lower share of profit from BoCom following the dilution in the Group‘s stake from 19.03% to 16.00% during 2025.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 24 |
Supplementary financial information
Reported and constant currency results
| Reported and constant currency results1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Reported | 18,624 | 16,364 | 17,649 |
| Currency translation | — | 100 | 670 |
| Constant currency | 18,624 | 16,464 | 18,319 |
| Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges | |||
| Reported | (1,301) | (901) | (876) |
| Currency translation | — | (9) | (47) |
| Constant currency | (1,301) | (910) | (923) |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Reported | (8,721) | (9,330) | (8,102) |
| Currency translation | — | (59) | (351) |
| Constant currency | (8,721) | (9,389) | (8,453) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures less impairment | |||
| Reported | 774 | 669 | 813 |
| Currency translation | — | 12 | 32 |
| Constant currency | 774 | 681 | 845 |
| Profit before tax | |||
| Reported | 9,376 | 6,802 | 9,484 |
| Currency translation | — | 44 | 304 |
| Constant currency | 9,376 | 6,846 | 9,788 |
| Profit after tax | |||
| Reported | 7,394 | 5,187 | 7,570 |
| Currency translation | — | 31 | 238 |
| Constant currency | 7,394 | 5,218 | 7,808 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | |||
| Reported | 1,001,957 | 988,399 | 944,708 |
| Currency translation | — | (6,520) | 21,094 |
| Constant currency | 1,001,957 | 981,879 | 965,802 |
| External customer accounts | |||
| Reported | 1,781,761 | 1,786,828 | 1,666,485 |
| Currency translation | — | (14,249) | 29,635 |
| Constant currency | 1,781,761 | 1,772,579 | 1,696,120 |
1In the current period, constant currency results are equal to reported as there is no currency translation.
| Notable items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs1 | (501) | (1,359) | (91) |
| Operating expenses | |||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (50) | (157) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (128) | (257) | (141) |
| Legal provisions | — | (11) | — |
| Tax | |||
| Tax credit on notable items | 48 | 19 | 65 |
11Q26 includes $0.2bn on the recycling in foreign currency translation reserve losses arising on completion of the sale of our UK life insurance business, HSBC
Life (UK) Limited, and $0.3bn of disposal losses recognised upon the ‘held for sale‘ classification of HSBC Continental Europe’s shareholding in HSBC Bank Malta
plc. 4Q25 includes recycling of cumulative fair value losses of $1.5bn relating to the French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans following the
completion of its sale to a consortium comprising Rothesay Life plc and CCF. 1Q25 includes $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs in Grupo Financiero Galicia
received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
2Amounts include restructuring provisions related to organisational simplification.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 25 |
Reported and constant currency results – business segments
| Reported and constant currency results – business segments | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | ||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | 4,024 | 3,250 | 7,788 | 3,749 | (187) | 18,624 |
| ECL | (208) | (203) | (679) | (210) | (1) | (1,301) |
| Operating expenses | (1,227) | (1,402) | (3,772) | (2,333) | 13 | (8,721) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | 25 | 749 | 774 |
| Profit before tax | 2,589 | 1,645 | 3,337 | 1,231 | 574 | 9,376 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | 224,698 | 300,415 | 325,332 | 151,366 | 146 | 1,001,957 |
| External customer accounts | 528,277 | 345,963 | 628,239 | 278,927 | 355 | 1,781,761 |
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | ||||||
| Revenue | 3,954 | 3,293 | 7,054 | 3,732 | (1,569) | 16,464 |
| ECL | (307) | (101) | (235) | (243) | (24) | (910) |
| Operating expenses | (1,299) | (1,478) | (4,143) | (2,500) | 31 | (9,389) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | (2) | 683 | 681 |
| Profit before tax | 2,348 | 1,714 | 2,676 | 987 | (879) | 6,846 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | 222,313 | 295,988 | 313,293 | 150,146 | 139 | 981,879 |
| External customer accounts | 528,386 | 346,068 | 617,760 | 280,023 | 342 | 1,772,579 |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | ||||||
| Revenue | 3,915 | 3,107 | 7,651 | 3,693 | (47) | 18,319 |
| ECL | (315) | (181) | (181) | (255) | 9 | (923) |
| Operating expenses | (1,136) | (1,348) | (3,674) | (2,221) | (74) | (8,453) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | — | — | — | 11 | 834 | 845 |
| Profit before tax | 2,464 | 1,578 | 3,796 | 1,228 | 722 | 9,788 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | 226,337 | 280,976 | 312,230 | 146,081 | 178 | 965,802 |
| External customer accounts | 493,159 | 337,078 | 590,424 | 275,056 | 403 | 1,696,120 |
| Notable items – business segments | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | ||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | ||||||
| Disposal, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs1 | — | — | 6 | (167) | (340) | (501) |
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Disposal, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | — | — | (12) | (6) | (32) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (4) | (8) | (19) | (21) | (76) | (128) |
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs1 | — | — | (3) | 94 | (1,450) | (1,359) |
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | — | — | (77) | (29) | (51) | (157) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (6) | (7) | (73) | (53) | (118) | (257) |
| Legal provisions | — | — | (1) | — | (10) | (11) |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs1 | — | — | — | (14) | (77) | (91) |
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | — | — | (26) | (4) | (20) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (7) | (4) | (46) | (23) | (61) | (141) |
11Q26 includes $0.2bn on the recycling in foreign currency translation reserve losses arising on completion of the sale of our UK life insurance business HSBC
Life (UK) Limited, and $0.3bn of disposal losses recognised upon the ‘held for sale‘ classification of HSBC Continental Europe’s shareholding in HSBC Bank Malta
plc. 4Q25 includes recycling of cumulative fair value losses of $1.5bn relating to the French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans following the
completion of its sale to a consortium comprising Rothesay Life plc and CCF. 1Q25 includes $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs in Grupo Financiero Galicia
received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
2Amounts include restructuring provisions related to organisational simplification.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | ||||||
| Reconciliation of reported results to constant currency results – business segments | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | ||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | ||||||
| – Reported | 3,970 | 3,247 | 7,009 | 3,686 | (1,548) | 16,364 |
| – Currency translation | (16) | 46 | 45 | 46 | (21) | 100 |
| – Constant currency | 3,954 | 3,293 | 7,054 | 3,732 | (1,569) | 16,464 |
| ECL | ||||||
| – Reported | (307) | (101) | (235) | (235) | (23) | (901) |
| – Currency translation | — | — | — | (8) | (1) | (9) |
| – Constant currency | (307) | (101) | (235) | (243) | (24) | (910) |
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| – Reported | (1,304) | (1,456) | (4,114) | (2,466) | 10 | (9,330) |
| – Currency translation | 5 | (22) | (29) | (34) | 21 | (59) |
| – Constant currency | (1,299) | (1,478) | (4,143) | (2,500) | 31 | (9,389) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | ||||||
| – Reported | — | — | 1 | (2) | 670 | 669 |
| – Currency translation | — | — | (1) | — | 13 | 12 |
| – Constant currency | — | — | — | (2) | 683 | 681 |
| Profit before tax | ||||||
| – Reported | 2,359 | 1,690 | 2,661 | 983 | (891) | 6,802 |
| – Currency translation | (11) | 24 | 15 | 4 | 12 | 44 |
| – Constant currency | 2,348 | 1,714 | 2,676 | 987 | (879) | 6,846 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | ||||||
| – Reported | 223,730 | 299,539 | 314,942 | 150,047 | 141 | 988,399 |
| – Currency translation | (1,417) | (3,551) | (1,649) | 99 | (2) | (6,520) |
| – Constant currency | 222,313 | 295,988 | 313,293 | 150,146 | 139 | 981,879 |
| External customer accounts | ||||||
| – Reported | 531,902 | 350,219 | 623,302 | 281,058 | 347 | 1,786,828 |
| – Currency translation | (3,516) | (4,151) | (5,542) | (1,035) | (5) | (14,249) |
| – Constant currency | 528,386 | 346,068 | 617,760 | 280,023 | 342 | 1,772,579 |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Revenue | ||||||
| – Reported | 3,927 | 2,898 | 7,371 | 3,511 | (58) | 17,649 |
| – Currency translation | (12) | 209 | 280 | 182 | 11 | 670 |
| – Constant currency | 3,915 | 3,107 | 7,651 | 3,693 | (47) | 18,319 |
| ECL | ||||||
| – Reported | (316) | (169) | (173) | (227) | 9 | (876) |
| – Currency translation | 1 | (12) | (8) | (28) | — | (47) |
| – Constant currency | (315) | (181) | (181) | (255) | 9 | (923) |
| Operating expenses | ||||||
| – Reported | (1,138) | (1,260) | (3,526) | (2,106) | (72) | (8,102) |
| – Currency translation | 2 | (88) | (148) | (115) | (2) | (351) |
| – Constant currency | (1,136) | (1,348) | (3,674) | (2,221) | (74) | (8,453) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint ventures | ||||||
| – Reported | — | — | — | 10 | 803 | 813 |
| – Currency translation | — | — | — | 1 | 31 | 32 |
| – Constant currency | — | — | — | 11 | 834 | 845 |
| Profit before tax | ||||||
| – Reported | 2,473 | 1,469 | 3,672 | 1,188 | 682 | 9,484 |
| – Currency translation | (9) | 109 | 124 | 40 | 40 | 304 |
| – Constant currency | 2,464 | 1,578 | 3,796 | 1,228 | 722 | 9,788 |
| Loans and advances to external customers (net) | ||||||
| – Reported | 227,615 | 273,673 | 303,828 | 139,416 | 176 | 944,708 |
| – Currency translation | (1,278) | 7,303 | 8,402 | 6,665 | 2 | 21,094 |
| – Constant currency | 226,337 | 280,976 | 312,230 | 146,081 | 178 | 965,802 |
| External customer accounts | ||||||
| – Reported | 496,370 | 328,316 | 574,978 | 266,428 | 393 | 1,666,485 |
| – Currency translation | (3,211) | 8,762 | 15,446 | 8,628 | 10 | 29,635 |
| – Constant currency | 493,159 | 337,078 | 590,424 | 275,056 | 403 | 1,696,120 |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||
| --- | ||||||
| 27 | ||||||
| Reconciliation of reported risk-weighted assets to constant currency risk-weighted assets – business segments | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| At 31 Mar 2026 | ||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | |
| Risk-weighted assets | ||||||
| Reported | 133.0 | 151.2 | 418.4 | 88.5 | 92.7 | 883.8 |
| Constant currency | 133.0 | 151.2 | 418.4 | 88.5 | 92.7 | 883.8 |
| At 31 Dec 2025 | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | ||||||
| Reported | 136.2 | 149.6 | 415.4 | 89.9 | 97.5 | 888.6 |
| Currency translation | (0.7) | (1.7) | (2.8) | (0.5) | (0.2) | (5.9) |
| Constant currency | 135.5 | 147.9 | 412.6 | 89.4 | 97.3 | 882.7 |
| At 31 Mar 2025 | ||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | ||||||
| Reported | 142.3 | 136.8 | 400.3 | 86.5 | 87.4 | 853.3 |
| Currency translation | (0.5) | 3.6 | 7.2 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 13.7 |
| Constant currency | 141.8 | 140.4 | 407.5 | 89.5 | 87.8 | 867.0 |
Strategic transactions supplementary analysis
The following table presents the selected impacts of strategic transactions to the Group and our business segments for transactions that are
classified as material notable items. See page 7 for further information on material notable items and the impact of strategic transactions.
| Constant currency results | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| of which | ||||||||
| 1Q26 | 1Q25 | Variance<br><br>1Q26 vs.<br><br>1Q25 | Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | (501) | 86 | (587) | — | — | (14) | (217) | (356) |
| – distorting impact of operating results | — | 178 | (178) | — | — | (20) | (66) | (92) |
| – notable items | (501) | (92) | (409) | — | — | 6 | (151) | (264) |
| ECL | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Operating expenses | (50) | (134) | 84 | — | — | 73 | 20 | (9) |
| – distorting impact of operating results | — | (84) | 84 | — | — | 59 | 21 | 4 |
| – notable items | (50) | (50) | — | — | — | 14 | (1) | (13) |
| Share of profit in associates and joint<br><br>ventures | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Profit before tax | (551) | (48) | (503) | — | — | 59 | (197) | (365) |
| – distorting impact of operating results | — | 94 | (94) | — | — | 39 | (45) | (88) |
| – notable items | (551) | (142) | (409) | — | — | 20 | (152) | (277) |
| Profit before tax1 | ||||||||
| – life insurance business in UK | (182) | (13) | (169) | — | — | — | (164) | (5) |
| – wind-down of M&A and ECM in the<br><br>UK, Europe and US | (6) | (74) | 68 | — | — | 68 | — | — |
| – retained French portfolio of home and<br><br>certain other loans | 1 | 88 | (87) | — | — | — | — | (87) |
| – business in Malta | (344) | — | (344) | — | — | — | — | (344) |
| – business in Argentina2 | — | (92) | 92 | — | — | — | — | 92 |
| – other strategic transactions | (20) | 43 | (63) | — | — | (9) | (33) | (21) |
1Represents the impact on profit before tax due to strategic transactions, inclusive of the notable items impacts and the distorting impact of operating results.
This does not represent the profit before tax of each disposed business. In the case of wind-downs, there may be timing differences between the recognition of
operating cost impacts and operating revenue impacts. These would arise in the event there is a timing lag between the impact of cost actions and the resultant
impact on operating revenue.
21Q25 impacts relate to fair value losses on ADRs in Grupo Financiero Galicia received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 28 |
Supplementary tables for Wealth
Wealth balances
The following table shows our Wealth balances, which include invested assets and Wealth deposits. From 1 January 2026, we have updated
the definition of our Wealth balances to exclude Asset Management third-party distribution. This will enhance comparability with industry peers.
| Wealth balances1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $bn | $bn | $bn | |
| Private Bank invested assets2 | 458 | 465 | 403 |
| Retail invested assets | 502 | 490 | 431 |
| Invested assets1 | 960 | 955 | 834 |
| – of which: The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 661 | 648 | 560 |
| Wealth deposits (Premier and Private Bank)3 | 610 | 608 | 566 |
| – of which: The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 407 | 407 | 374 |
| Total reported Wealth balances | 1,570 | 1,563 | 1,400 |
| – of which: The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 1,068 | 1,055 | 934 |
1Invested assets are not reported on the Group’s balance sheet, except where it is deemed that we are acting as principal rather than agent in our role as
investment manager.
2Private Bank client balances, which comprise invested assets and customer deposits, were $562bn (4Q25: $566bn, 1Q25: $498bn).
3Premier and Private Bank deposits, which include Prestige deposits in Hang Seng Bank, form part of the total IWPB, Hong Kong and UK businesses’ customer
accounts balance on page 27.
Net new money
Net new money (‘NNM‘) represents our net customer inflows from Private Bank and Retail invested assets and Wealth deposits. It excludes
foreign exchange movements and market and other movements not relating to client inflows/outflows, which are reported within ‘foreign
exchange and others’ and ‘net market movements’, respectively. This metric excludes net customer inflows from Asset Management third-
party distribution. From 1 January 2026, we disclose NNM as our key Wealth metric, offering greater comparability to industry peers. We no
longer disclose invested assets as a key metric.
| Net new money | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $bn | $bn | $bn | |
| Opening balance | 1,563 | 1,537 | 1,359 |
| Net new money1 | 39 | 26 | 23 |
| – of which: net new invested assets | 34 | 3 | 17 |
| – of which: change in deposits | 5 | 23 | 6 |
| Net market movements | (21) | (9) | 14 |
| Foreign exchange and others2 | (11) | 9 | 4 |
| Closing balance | 1,570 | 1,563 | 1,400 |
| Net new money – The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 34 | 19 | 19 |
| – of which: net new invested assets | 33 | — | 17 |
| – of which: change in deposits | 1 | 19 | 2 |
1Clients’ assets are translated at the average quarterly rates of foreign exchange applicable to the respective quarters, with the effects of currency translation
reported separately.
2Includes foreign exchange on Wealth deposits.
In addition to the Wealth balances reported above, our Asset Management business also manages assets related to third-party distribution.
Total invested assets of our Asset Management business were $863bn (4Q25: $866bn; 1Q25: $748bn), including $291bn related to Wealth
balances (4Q25: $286bn; 1Q25: $251bn), and $572bn related to third-party distribution (4Q25: $580bn; 1Q25: $497bn). Invested asset balances
related to The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited were $263bn (4Q25: $260bn; 1Q25: $234bn).
Net new invested assets, including third‑party distribution, were $11bn (4Q25: $7bn; 1Q25: $12bn). This included balances related to The
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited of $8bn (4Q25: $(5)bn; 1Q25: $4bn).
Net market movements, foreign exchange and other movements, including third-party distribution were $(14)bn (4Q25: $7bn; 1Q25: $5bn),
including $(5)bn for The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (4Q25: nil; 1Q25: $7bn).
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 29 |
Reported and constant currency results – legal entities
| Reported and constant currency results – legal entities | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities1 | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | 3,622 | 2,536 | 10,127 | 637 | 1,249 | 973 | 678 | (1,198) | 18,624 |
| ECL | (208) | (456) | (312) | (93) | (50) | (150) | (32) | — | (1,301) |
| Operating expenses | (1,452) | (1,809) | (3,822) | (325) | (804) | (542) | (376) | 409 | (8,721) |
| Share of profit/(loss) in associates and joint<br><br>ventures | — | 18 | 592 | — | — | 6 | 160 | (2) | 774 |
| Profit/(loss) before tax | 1,962 | 289 | 6,585 | 219 | 395 | 287 | 430 | (791) | 9,376 |
| Loans and advances to external customers<br><br>(net) | 311,494 | 103,572 | 479,119 | 24,420 | 55,361 | 24,068 | 3,910 | 13 | 1,001,957 |
| External customer accounts | 370,603 | 313,571 | 919,570 | 38,182 | 99,951 | 28,285 | 11,575 | 24 | 1,781,761 |
1Includes the results of entities located in Türkiye, Egypt and Saudi Arabia (including our share of the results of SAB), which do not consolidate into HSBC Bank
Middle East Limited. These entities had an aggregated impact on Group reported profit before tax of $0.4bn.
| Notable items – legal entities | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||||||||
| Disposals, acquisitions and related costs1 | — | (295) | — | — | — | — | — | (206) | (501) |
| Operating expenses | |||||||||
| Disposals, acquisitions and related costs | — | (31) | (10) | — | (3) | — | (1) | (5) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (22) | (6) | (30) | (2) | (7) | (14) | (1) | (46) | (128) |
11Q26 includes $0.2bn on the recycling in foreign currency translation reserve losses arising on completion of the sale of our UK life insurance business, HSBC
Life (UK) Limited, and $0.3bn of disposal losses recognised upon the ‘held for sale‘ classification of HSBC Continental Europe’s shareholding in HSBC Bank Malta
plc.
2Amounts relate to organisational simplification provision recognised in 1Q26.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | |||||||||
| Reconciliation of reported results to constant currency results – legal entities | |||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities1 | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||||||||
| – Reported | 3,600 | 1,239 | 8,775 | 711 | 1,203 | 905 | 862 | (931) | 16,364 |
| – Currency translation | 50 | 12 | 10 | 1 | (1) | 38 | (5) | (5) | 100 |
| – Constant currency | 3,650 | 1,251 | 8,785 | 712 | 1,202 | 943 | 857 | (936) | 16,464 |
| ECL | |||||||||
| – Reported | (101) | (80) | (427) | (23) | (32) | (202) | (3) | (33) | (901) |
| – Currency translation | (2) | (1) | 2 | — | 1 | (8) | — | (1) | (9) |
| – Constant currency | (103) | (81) | (425) | (23) | (31) | (210) | (3) | (34) | (910) |
| Operating expenses | |||||||||
| – Reported | (1,538) | (2,108) | (4,081) | (369) | (829) | (579) | (500) | 674 | (9,330) |
| – Currency translation | (20) | (9) | (10) | (1) | — | (24) | — | 5 | (59) |
| – Constant currency | (1,558) | (2,117) | (4,091) | (370) | (829) | (603) | (500) | 679 | (9,389) |
| Share of profit/(loss) in associates and<br><br>joint ventures | |||||||||
| – Reported | 1 | 22 | 486 | — | — | 2 | 159 | (1) | 669 |
| – Currency translation | (1) | — | 12 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 12 |
| – Constant currency | — | 22 | 498 | — | — | 2 | 159 | — | 681 |
| Profit/(loss) before tax | |||||||||
| – Reported | 1,962 | (927) | 4,753 | 319 | 342 | 126 | 518 | (291) | 6,802 |
| – Currency translation | 27 | 2 | 14 | — | — | 6 | (5) | — | 44 |
| – Constant currency | 1,989 | (925) | 4,767 | 319 | 342 | 132 | 513 | (291) | 6,846 |
| Loans and advances to external<br><br>customers (net) | |||||||||
| – Reported | 310,116 | 106,409 | 467,842 | 22,618 | 52,178 | 25,252 | 3,971 | 13 | 988,399 |
| – Currency translation | (3,677) | (1,431) | (1,291) | (5) | — | 35 | (152) | 1 | (6,520) |
| – Constant currency | 306,439 | 104,978 | 466,551 | 22,613 | 52,178 | 25,287 | 3,819 | 14 | 981,879 |
| External customer accounts | |||||||||
| – Reported | 376,903 | 321,451 | 911,725 | 37,010 | 99,458 | 29,493 | 10,781 | 7 | 1,786,828 |
| – Currency translation | (4,468) | (4,208) | (4,783) | (20) | — | 41 | (812) | 1 | (14,249) |
| – Constant currency | 372,435 | 317,243 | 906,942 | 36,990 | 99,458 | 29,534 | 9,969 | 8 | 1,772,579 |
1Includes the results of entities located in Türkiye, Egypt and Saudi Arabia (including our share of the results of SAB), which do not consolidate into HSBC Bank
Middle East Limited. These entities had an aggregated impact on Group reported profit before tax of $0.4bn and constant currency profit before tax of $0.4bn.
| Notable items – legal entities (continued) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and<br><br>related costs1 | — | (1,386) | — | 72 | (1) | — | — | (44) | (1,359) |
| Operating expenses | |||||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and<br><br>related costs | (2) | (129) | (24) | (3) | 2 | — | (2) | 1 | (157) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (54) | (111) | (101) | (6) | (12) | (36) | (4) | 67 | (257) |
| Legal provisions | — | 224 | — | — | — | — | — | (235) | (11) |
1Includes recycling of cumulative fair value losses of $1.5bn relating to the French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans following the completion of
its sale to a consortium comprising Rothesay Life plc and CCF.
2Amounts relate to organisational simplification provision recognised in 4Q25.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 | |||||||||
| Reconciliation of reported results to constant currency results – legal entities (continued) | |||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities1 | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||||||||
| – Reported | 3,211 | 2,720 | 9,382 | 619 | 1,171 | 823 | 593 | (870) | 17,649 |
| – Currency translation | 225 | 237 | 69 | — | — | 134 | — | 5 | 670 |
| – Constant currency | 3,436 | 2,957 | 9,451 | 619 | 1,171 | 957 | 593 | (865) | 18,319 |
| ECL | |||||||||
| – Reported | (187) | (39) | (353) | (26) | (86) | (180) | (5) | — | (876) |
| – Currency translation | (14) | (5) | — | — | — | (30) | — | 2 | (47) |
| – Constant currency | (201) | (44) | (353) | (26) | (86) | (210) | (5) | 2 | (923) |
| Operating expenses | |||||||||
| – Reported | (1,313) | (1,665) | (3,538) | (310) | (819) | (459) | (317) | 319 | (8,102) |
| – Currency translation | (91) | (144) | (38) | — | (1) | (74) | (1) | (2) | (351) |
| – Constant currency | (1,404) | (1,809) | (3,576) | (310) | (820) | (533) | (318) | 317 | (8,453) |
| Share of profit/(loss) in associates and<br><br>joint ventures | |||||||||
| – Reported | — | (3) | 635 | — | — | 4 | 177 | — | 813 |
| – Currency translation | — | — | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | 32 |
| – Constant currency | — | (3) | 667 | — | — | 4 | 177 | — | 845 |
| Profit/(loss) before tax | |||||||||
| – Reported | 1,711 | 1,013 | 6,126 | 283 | 266 | 188 | 448 | (551) | 9,484 |
| – Currency translation | 120 | 88 | 63 | — | (1) | 30 | (1) | 5 | 304 |
| – Constant currency | 1,831 | 1,101 | 6,189 | 283 | 265 | 218 | 447 | (546) | 9,788 |
| Loans and advances to external<br><br>customers (net) | |||||||||
| – Reported | 282,969 | 101,516 | 453,681 | 21,085 | 56,648 | 23,843 | 4,967 | (1) | 944,708 |
| – Currency translation | 7,552 | 5,405 | 5,064 | 1 | — | 3,257 | (186) | 1 | 21,094 |
| – Constant currency | 290,521 | 106,921 | 458,745 | 21,086 | 56,648 | 27,100 | 4,781 | — | 965,802 |
| External customer accounts | |||||||||
| – Reported | 349,850 | 307,594 | 839,433 | 34,572 | 97,533 | 26,701 | 10,760 | 42 | 1,666,485 |
| – Currency translation | 9,337 | 12,878 | 4,498 | 7 | — | 3,647 | (732) | — | 29,635 |
| – Constant currency | 359,187 | 320,472 | 843,931 | 34,579 | 97,533 | 30,348 | 10,028 | 42 | 1,696,120 |
1Includes the results of entities located in Türkiye, Egypt and Saudi Arabia (including our share of the results of SAB), which do not consolidate into HSBC Bank
Middle East Limited. These entities had an aggregated impact on Group reported profit before tax of $0.4bn and constant currency profit before tax of $0.4bn.
| Notable items – legal entities (continued) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | |||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The<br><br>Hongkong<br><br>and<br><br>Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc. | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Holding<br><br>companies,<br><br>shared<br><br>service<br><br>centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and<br><br>related costs1 | — | (14) | — | — | — | — | — | (77) | (91) |
| Operating expenses | |||||||||
| Disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and<br><br>related costs | — | (12) | (8) | (5) | (10) | — | — | (15) | (50) |
| Restructuring and other related costs2 | (9) | (8) | (19) | (2) | (6) | (1) | (20) | (76) | (141) |
1Includes $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs in Grupo Financiero Galicia received as part of the sale consideration for our business in Argentina.
2 Amounts relate to organisational simplification provision recognised in 1Q25.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 32 |
Alternative performance measures
The following tables provide the calculation, definition and reconciliation of alternative performance measures to the closest reported
performance measure. For further details and an explanation of their basis of preparation, including constant currency, notable items and
material notable items, and the impact of strategic transactions and hyperinflationary accounting, see page 7.
| Alternative performance measure | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reported revenue excluding notable items | Reported revenue after excluding notable items reported under revenue |
| Reported profit before tax excluding notable items | Reported profit before tax after excluding notable items reported under revenue less notable<br><br>items reported under operating expenses |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items | Reported revenue excluding notable items and the impact of foreign exchange translation |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable<br><br>items | Reported profit before tax excluding notable items and the impact of foreign exchange translation |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items and<br><br>strategic transactions | Reported revenue excluding notable items, strategic transactions and the impact of foreign<br><br>exchange translation |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable<br><br>items and strategic transactions | Reported profit before tax excluding notable items, strategic transactions and the impact of<br><br>foreign exchange translation |
| Return on average ordinary shareholders’ equity (‘RoE’) | Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders |
| Average ordinary shareholders’ equity | |
| Return on average tangible equity (‘RoTE‘) | Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders, excluding impairment<br><br>of goodwill and other intangible assets |
| Average ordinary shareholders’ equity adjusted for goodwill and intangibles | |
| Return on average tangible equity (‘RoTE‘) excluding<br><br>notable items | Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders, excluding impairment of goodwill<br><br>and other intangible assets and notable items |
| Average ordinary shareholders’ equity adjusted for goodwill<br><br>and intangibles | |
| Net asset value per ordinary share | Total ordinary shareholders’ equity1 |
| Basic number of ordinary shares in issue after deducting own shares held | |
| Tangible net asset value per ordinary share | Tangible ordinary shareholders’ equity2 |
| Basic number of ordinary shares in issue after deducting own shares held | |
| Banking net interest income | Banking net interest income adjusts our reported NII, primarily for the impact of funding trading<br><br>and fair value activities reported in interest expense and to exclude third party insurance NII3 |
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment<br><br>charges as a % of average gross loans and advances to<br><br>customers | Annualised constant currency ECL |
| Constant currency average gross loans and advances to customers | |
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment<br><br>charges as a % of average gross loans and advances to<br><br>customers, including held for sale | Annualised constant currency ECL |
| Constant currency average gross loans and advances to customers,<br><br>including held for sale | |
| Target basis operating expenses | Reported operating expenses excluding notable items, foreign exchange<br><br>translation and other excluded items |
| Basic earnings per share excluding material notable<br><br>items and related impacts | Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders excluding material notable<br><br>items and related impacts |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding after deducting<br><br>own shares held |
1Total ordinary shareholders’ equity is total shareholders‘ equity less non-cumulative preference shares and capital securities.
2Tangible ordinary shareholders’ equity is total ordinary shareholders’ equity excluding goodwill and other intangible assets (net of deferred tax).
3For details on the calculation of banking NII, see page 13.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 33 | |||
| Constant currency revenue and profit before tax excluding notable items and strategic transactions | |||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Revenue | |||
| Reported | 18,624 | 16,364 | 17,649 |
| Notable items | 501 | 1,359 | 91 |
| Reported revenue excluding notable items | 19,125 | 17,723 | 17,740 |
| Currency translation1 | — | 108 | 671 |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items | 19,125 | 17,831 | 18,411 |
| Constant currency impact of strategic transactions (distorting impact of operating results between periods)2 | — | N/A | (178) |
| Constant currency revenue excluding notable items and strategic transactions | 19,125 | N/A | 18,233 |
| Profit before tax | |||
| Reported | 9,376 | 6,802 | 9,484 |
| Notable items | 679 | 1,784 | 282 |
| Reported profit before tax excluding notable items | 10,055 | 8,586 | 9,766 |
| Currency translation1 | — | 44 | 312 |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable items | 10,055 | 8,630 | 10,078 |
| Constant currency impact of strategic transactions (distorting impact of operating results between periods)2 | — | N/A | (94) |
| Constant currency profit before tax excluding notable items and strategic transactions | 10,055 | N/A | 9,984 |
1Currency translation on the reported balance excluding currency translation on notable items.
2For more details of strategic transactions, see ‘Strategic transactions supplementary analysis‘ on page 27.
| Return on average ordinary shareholders‘ equity, return on average tangible equity and return on average tangible equity excluding notable<br><br>items | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Profit after tax | |||
| Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders of the parent company | 6,938 | 4,719 | 6,932 |
| Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets (net of tax) | 30 | 80 | — |
| Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders, excluding goodwill and other intangible assets<br><br>impairment | 6,968 | 4,799 | 6,932 |
| Impact of notable items1 | 601 | 1,685 | 216 |
| Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders, excluding goodwill, other intangible assets impairment<br><br>and notable items | 7,569 | 6,484 | 7,148 |
| Equity | |||
| Average total shareholders‘ equity | 197,522 | 194,828 | 187,892 |
| Effect of average preference shares and other equity instruments | (21,463) | (20,716) | (18,894) |
| Average ordinary shareholders’ equity | 176,059 | 174,112 | 168,998 |
| Effect of goodwill and other intangibles (net of deferred tax) | (12,315) | (12,309) | (11,650) |
| Average tangible equity | 163,744 | 161,803 | 157,348 |
| Ratio | % | % | % |
| Return on average ordinary shareholders’ equity (annualised) | 16.0 | 10.8 | 16.6 |
| Return on average tangible equity (annualised) | 17.3 | 11.8 | 17.9 |
| Return on average tangible equity excluding notable items (annualised) | 18.7 | 15.9 | 18.4 |
1For details of notable items, see page 24.
To better align our RoTE excluding notable items measure with market practice, from our 2025 full-year results we no longer adjust the ‘average
tangible equity‘ for the post-tax impact of notable items in each period. Comparatives have been re-presented.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34 | ||||||
| Return on average tangible equity by business segment | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | ||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Profit before tax | 2,589 | 1,645 | 3,337 | 1,231 | 574 | 9,376 |
| Tax expense | (430) | (469) | (646) | (254) | (183) | (1,982) |
| Profit after tax | 2,159 | 1,176 | 2,691 | 977 | 391 | 7,394 |
| Less attributable to: preference shareholders, other equity<br><br>holders, non-controlling interests | (76) | (47) | (213) | (32) | (88) | (456) |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the parent<br><br>company | 2,083 | 1,129 | 2,478 | 945 | 303 | 6,938 |
| Other adjustments | 52 | 80 | (45) | (8) | (49) | 30 |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 2,135 | 1,209 | 2,433 | 937 | 254 | 6,968 |
| Impact of notable items | 3 | 6 | 19 | 191 | 382 | 601 |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders excluding<br><br>notable items | 2,138 | 1,215 | 2,452 | 1,128 | 636 | 7,569 |
| Average tangible shareholders’ equity | 19,383 | 22,772 | 57,922 | 16,716 | 46,951 | 163,744 |
| RoTE (%) (annualised) | 44.7 | 21.5 | 17.0 | 22.7 | 2.2 | 17.3 |
| RoTE (%), excluding notable items (annualised) | 44.7 | 21.6 | 17.2 | 27.4 | 5.5 | 18.7 |
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | ||||||
| Profit before tax | 2,473 | 1,469 | 3,672 | 1,188 | 682 | 9,484 |
| Tax expense | (466) | (419) | (797) | (236) | 4 | (1,914) |
| Profit after tax | 2,007 | 1,050 | 2,875 | 952 | 686 | 7,570 |
| Less attributable to: preference shareholders, other equity<br><br>holders, non-controlling interests | (271) | (51) | (182) | (64) | (70) | (638) |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the parent<br><br>company | 1,736 | 999 | 2,693 | 888 | 616 | 6,932 |
| Other adjustments | 68 | 59 | (53) | (13) | (61) | — |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders | 1,804 | 1,058 | 2,639 | 876 | 555 | 6,932 |
| Impact of notable items | 6 | 3 | 58 | 31 | 118 | 216 |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders excluding notable<br><br>items | 1,810 | 1,061 | 2,697 | 907 | 673 | 7,148 |
| Average tangible shareholders’ equity | 19,866 | 19,616 | 55,396 | 18,511 | 43,959 | 157,348 |
| RoTE (%) (annualised) | 36.8 | 21.9 | 19.3 | 19.2 | 5.1 | 17.9 |
| RoTE (%), excluding notable items (annualised) | 37.0 | 21.9 | 19.7 | 19.9 | 6.2 | 18.4 |
| Net asset value and tangible net asset value per ordinary share | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | |||
| At | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | ||||
| $m | $m | $m | ||||
| Total shareholders’ equity | 196,819 | 198,225 | 190,810 | |||
| Preference shares and other equity instruments | (22,211) | (20,716) | (18,719) | |||
| Total ordinary shareholders’ equity | 174,608 | 177,509 | 172,091 | |||
| Goodwill and intangible assets (net of deferred tax) | (12,273) | (12,356) | (11,693) | |||
| Tangible ordinary shareholders’ equity | 162,335 | 165,153 | 160,398 | |||
| Basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding, after deducting own shares held (millions) | 17,164 | 17,140 | 17,668 | |||
| Value per share | $ | $ | $ | |||
| Net asset value per ordinary share | 10.17 | 10.36 | 9.74 | |||
| Tangible net asset value per ordinary share | 9.46 | 9.64 | 9.08 | |||
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||
| --- | ||||||
| 35 | ||||||
| ECL as a % of average gross loans and advances to customers, and ECL as a % of average gross loans and advances to customers, including<br><br>held for sale | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | |||
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | ||||
| $m | $m | $m | ||||
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (‘ECL‘) | (1,301) | (901) | (876) | |||
| Currency translation | — | (9) | (47) | |||
| Constant currency | (1,301) | (910) | (923) | |||
| Average gross loans and advances to customers | 1,006,193 | 996,242 | 947,588 | |||
| Currency translation | (3,301) | (6,483) | 27,685 | |||
| Constant currency | 1,002,892 | 989,759 | 975,273 | |||
| Average gross loans and advances to customers, including held for sale | 1,009,774 | 998,816 | 948,700 | |||
| Currency translation | (3,336) | (6,534) | 27,781 | |||
| Constant currency | 1,006,438 | 992,282 | 976,481 | |||
| Ratios | % | % | % | |||
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (annualised) as a % of average gross loans and<br><br>advances to customers (%) | 0.53 | 0.36 | 0.38 | |||
| Expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (annualised) as a % of average gross loans and<br><br>advances to customers, including held for sale (%) | 0.52 | 0.36 | 0.38 | |||
| Target basis operating expenses | ||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | |||
| Quarter ended | ||||||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | ||||
| $m | $m | $m | ||||
| Reported operating expenses | 8,721 | 9,330 | 8,102 | |||
| Notable items | (178) | (425) | (191) | |||
| – disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs | (50) | (157) | (50) | |||
| – restructuring and other related costs1 | (128) | (257) | (141) | |||
| – legal provisions | — | (11) | — | |||
| Currency translation2 | — | 67 | 344 | |||
| Excluding the impact of retranslating prior period costs of hyperinflationary economies at constant currency foreign<br><br>exchange rate | — | 2 | 9 | |||
| Target basis operating expenses | 8,543 | 8,974 | 8,264 |
1Amounts include restructuring provisions related to the organisational simplification.
2Currency translation on reported operating expenses, excluding currency translation on notable items.
| Basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter ended | |||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | 31 Mar 2025 | |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Profit attributable to shareholders of company | 7,345 | 4,944 | 7,324 |
| Coupon payable on capital securities classified as equity | (407) | (225) | (392) |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of company | 6,938 | 4,719 | 6,932 |
| Legal provisions | — | 10 | — |
| Impact of disposals, wind-downs, acquisitions and related costs1 | 535 | 1,570 | 68 |
| Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of company excluding material notable items and related<br><br>impacts | 7,473 | 6,299 | 7,000 |
| Number of shares | |||
| Weighted average basic number of ordinary shares after deducting own shares held (millions) | 17,129 | 17,136 | 17,769 |
| Basic earnings per share ($) | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.39 |
| Basic earnings per share excluding material notable items and related impacts ($) | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.39 |
11Q26 includes $0.2bn on the recycling of foreign currency translation reserve losses arising on completion of the sale of our UK life insurance business, HSBC
Life (UK) Limited, and $0.3bn of disposal losses recognised upon the ‘held for sale‘ classification of HSBC Continental Europe’s shareholding in HSBC Bank Malta
plc. 4Q25 includes recycling of cumulative fair value losses of $1.5bn relating to the French retained portfolio of home and certain other loans following the
completion of its sale. 1Q25 includes $0.1bn of fair value losses on ADRs in Grupo Financiero Galicia received as part of the sale consideration for our business in
Argentina.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 36 |
Risk
Managing risk
We maintain a proactive approach to managing our exposure to economic, financial and geopolitical risks, supported by continuous monitoring
and review. Developments in these areas have historically affected, and may in the future materially affect, HSBC’s customers, operations and
financial risk profile.
The conflict in the Middle East is a source of uncertainty, and may adversely impact HSBC and our customers, including through increased
market volatility, higher oil and gas prices and disruptions to supply chains. The duration and direction of the conflict is likely to determine the
extent of its economic and financial impact.
Before the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February 2026, the global economy showed continued resilience to unpredictable US
trade policies and heightened geopolitical tensions. The conflict and the resultant energy supply shock have increased uncertainty around global
GDP growth. The surge in oil and gas prices raises the risk of higher inflation and lower GDP growth. For some countries, particularly those in
the Middle East region, where travel, logistics and other sectors have also been affected, the impact is already significant. Evidence of broader
supply chain disruptions is emerging and there could be long-lasting implications for the direction of trade, and for energy, military and economic
security. We maintain close oversight of the developments, with a focus on potential impacts on our Gulf operations, as well as our customers
and suppliers.
Trade and tariff policies also remain a source of uncertainty for businesses and consumers. Changes to tariff rates, including the application of
sector-specific levies, may deter capital investment and consumer spending, disrupt supply chains and reduce global trade growth. The
reconfiguration of trade and supply routes may offer new opportunities for investment and growth, but these developments could also
adversely affect the Group and our customers who operate in some of the most affected markets.
We remain subject to interest rate risk, which can affect net interest income, the fair value of our assets and liabilities, and overall financial
performance. Interest rate volatility has increased as higher oil and gas prices have raised inflation expectations and concern that government
spending may rise to help reduce the financial impact on households. Prior to the conflict in the Middle East, markets had expected both the US
Federal Reserve and the Bank of England (‘BoE’) to lower interest rates during 2026, but renewed inflation risk has raised uncertainty around
their future path. In the year to date, the US Federal Reserve has left interest rates unchanged at 3.5%–3.75% and assessed that inflation risks
have increased. The BoE has also left the policy rate unchanged at 3.75%, judging that inflation pressures have increased, but assessing that
the impact on the economy would depend on the scale and duration of the conflict in the Middle East. Higher interest rates may reduce loan
demand across key consumer and business segments, may weaken credit quality and may weigh on real estate and other asset prices. By
contrast, lower interest rates could pressure net interest margins and adversely affect profitability.
Market volatility has increased due to rising geopolitical risks, higher energy prices and changing interest rate expectations. The duration and
severity of market disruption remain uncertain and could change significantly if geopolitical outcomes differ materially from market expectations.
Our risk profile may be influenced by fiscal policies, public deficits and levels of sovereign indebtedness. In many of our major markets,
government debt levels are rising due to higher social welfare commitments and increased expenditure on defence, energy security and climate
transition. Higher long-term interest rates across major economies could adversely impact the fiscal capacity and debt sustainability of highly-
indebted sovereigns. The rise in funding costs in our major markets could reduce the potential for GDP growth by increasing the cost of
borrowing, while also creating refinancing risks for our customers and counterparties.
Exchange rate volatility may also affect our risk exposure through mark-to-market changes in trading positions and the translation effects of
currency movements.
Investment in the artificial intelligence (‘AI’) and technology sectors and the development of those technologies is being monitored. While AI
may deliver improvements to productivity, there remains a risk that the expected gains will fail to materialise and that a disruptive correction to
the valuations of AI and technology companies will follow. Other risks relating to AI include the potential disruption of established business
models and an increase in unemployment as a result of improvements in technology. These risks could affect HSBC’s risk profile and earnings
by impairing the creditworthiness of borrowers, increasing the financial vulnerability of customers and decreasing the value of collateral and
other claims.
We continue to monitor the Russia-Ukraine war and any indication of other potential military action or conflict elsewhere, given that these are
key sources of uncertainty that may impact HSBC and our customers, including through increased market volatility and supply chain disruptions.
Heightened strategic competition between the US and China, including cross-border investment restrictions, is also affecting the configuration
of global supply chains, which may in turn affect the Group’s operations.
Sanctions and restrictions on trade and investment are continually evolving in response to geopolitical events and may adversely affect the
Group, its customers and the markets in which the Group operates. These factors may result in increased legal, regulatory, reputational and
market risks, and a more complex operating environment.
In Hong Kong, we continue to observe signs of a recovery in the residential property sector. Sentiment in the retail property sector also
continues to improve, driven by positive retail sales growth, although the office property sector is still facing pressure from oversupply. Market
liquidity remains tight overall, particularly for mid-sized and sub-investment grade corporates. The conflict in the Middle East will likely create
negative sentiment and could result in a softening of demand as a result of inflationary pressures and increased uncertainty over the trajectory
of interest rates. In mainland China, the property market remains weak, with government stimulus yet to trigger a material improvement in
buyer sentiment.
In the first quarter of 2026, for the reported ECL allowance, an additional scenario, the Downside 1, was introduced to help address the risks
associated with the conflict in the Middle East. Management adjustments to ECL were applied to reflect sector or portfolio risks that are not
fully captured by our models, including those in relation to the conflict in the Middle East. We continue to monitor, and seek to manage, the
potential implications of all the above developments on our customers and our business.
At 31 March 2026, our CET1 ratio decreased to 14.0% from 14.9% at 31 December 2025, and our liquidity coverage ratio (‘LCR’) was 135%,
down from 137% at 31 December 2025.
ÑFor further details of our Central and other economic scenarios, see page 40.
ÑFor further details on our CET1 ratio, see ‘Capital risk‘ on page 48.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 37 |
Credit risk
Summary of credit risk
At 31 March 2026, gross loans and advances to banks and customers of $1,113bn increased by $6.0bn on a reported basis compared with
31 December 2025. Gross loans and advances to customers increased by $14.2bn and gross loans and advances to banks decreased by $8.2bn.
This included total adverse foreign exchange movements of $7.5bn.
On a constant currency basis, the increase of $20.8bn in loans and advances to customers was driven by higher balances in our CIB business
(up $12.6bn), our UK business segment (up $4.4bn) and in our Hong Kong business segment (up $2.6bn).
The increase in CIB was driven by higher balances in our entities in Asia, the US and the Middle East across several sectors.
In our UK business, the increase was primarily driven by higher corporate and commercial exposures in addition to mortgage growth.
The increase in our Hong Kong business was primarily driven by higher balances across other personal lending and corporate and commercial
exposures.
At 31 March 2026, the allowance for ECL of $12.0bn increased by $0.8bn compared with 31 December 2025, including write-offs of $0.7bn and
favourable foreign exchange movements of $0.1bn. The $12.0bn allowance comprised $11.5bn in respect of assets held at amortised cost and
$0.5bn in respect of loan commitments and financial guarantees.
On a constant currency basis, the allowance for ECL in relation to loans and advances to customers increased by $0.7bn. This was attributable
to:
–a $0.7bn increase in wholesale loans and advances to customers, which included a $0.6bn increase in stage 3 and a $0.1bn increase in
stages 1 and 2; and
–a broadly unchanged allowance for ECL personal loans and advances to customers.
The ECL charge for the first three months of 2026 was $1.3bn (1Q25: $0.9bn), inclusive of recoveries. It comprised: $0.7bn in respect of CIB;
$0.2bn in respect of IWPB; $0.2bn in respect of the Hong Kong business segment; and $0.2bn in respect of the UK business segment.
ÑFor further details on ECL charges in each of our business segments, see pages 18 and 38.
The charge in 1Q26 primarily reflected a $0.4bn fraud-related, secondary, securitisation exposure with a financial sponsor in the UK in our CIB
business, as well as an increase in allowances of $0.3bn to reflect heightened uncertainty and a deterioration in the forward economic outlook
due to the onset of the conflict in the Middle East on 28 February 2026. Net ECL charges in the Hong Kong CRE and mainland China CRE
sectors were immaterial in 1Q26.
| Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied – by business segment at 31 March 2026 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross carrying/nominal amount | Allowance for ECL1 | |||||||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Loans and advances to<br><br>customers at amortised<br><br>cost | 228,726 | 302,409 | 329,049 | 152,930 | 182 | 1,013,296 | (4,028) | (1,994) | (3,717) | (1,564) | (36) | (11,339) |
| Loans and advances to<br><br>banks at amortised cost | 9,151 | 6,668 | 65,944 | 16,854 | 1,692 | 100,309 | (1) | — | (7) | (2) | (2) | (12) |
| Other financial assets<br><br>measured at amortised<br><br>cost | 51,985 | 95,689 | 645,100 | 58,705 | 67,599 | 919,078 | (12) | (8) | (91) | (42) | (4) | (157) |
| – cash and balances at<br><br>central banks | 4,444 | 41,082 | 154,375 | 13,461 | 1,345 | 214,707 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – Hong Kong Government<br><br>certificates of<br><br>indebtedness | — | — | — | — | 44,727 | 44,727 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – reverse repurchase<br><br>agreements – non-<br><br>trading | 3,328 | 25,661 | 279,775 | 5,481 | 619 | 314,864 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – financial investments | 38,942 | 25,666 | 81,786 | 28,484 | 16,741 | 191,619 | (2) | (1) | (3) | (4) | — | (10) |
| – assets held for sale2 | — | 14 | 4,093 | 4,776 | 21 | 8,904 | — | — | (31) | (28) | — | (59) |
| – other assets3 | 5,271 | 3,266 | 125,071 | 6,503 | 4,146 | 144,257 | (10) | (7) | (57) | (10) | (4) | (88) |
| Total on-balance sheet | 289,862 | 404,766 | 1,040,093 | 228,489 | 69,473 | 2,032,683 | (4,041) | (2,002) | (3,815) | (1,608) | (42) | (11,508) |
| Loan and other credit-<br><br>related commitments | 106,665 | 102,707 | 406,593 | 125,155 | 1,207 | 742,327 | (25) | (109) | (238) | (4) | — | (376) |
| Financial guarantees | 622 | 1,052 | 14,925 | 1,730 | — | 18,329 | (1) | (19) | (57) | — | — | (77) |
| Total off-balance sheet4 | 107,287 | 103,759 | 421,518 | 126,885 | 1,207 | 760,656 | (26) | (128) | (295) | (4) | — | (453) |
| At 31 Mar 2026 | 397,149 | 508,525 | 1,461,611 | 355,374 | 70,680 | 2,793,339 | (4,067) | (2,130) | (4,110) | (1,612) | (42) | (11,961) |
| Fair value | Memorandum allowance for ECL5 | |||||||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Debt instruments<br><br>measured at fair value<br><br>through other<br><br>comprehensive income<br><br>(‘FVOCI‘) | 135,751 | 27,761 | 175,329 | 49,254 | 1,220 | 389,315 | (2) | (1) | (20) | (8) | — | (31) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||||||||
| --- | ||||||||||||
| 38 | ||||||||||||
| Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied – by business segment at 31 December 2025 | ||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gross carrying/nominal amount | Allowance for ECL1 | |||||||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Loans and advances to<br><br>customers at amortised<br><br>cost | 227,608 | 301,537 | 318,113 | 151,657 | 176 | 999,091 | (3,878) | (1,998) | (3,170) | (1,610) | (36) | (10,692) |
| Loans and advances to<br><br>banks at amortised cost | 11,696 | 7,302 | 67,909 | 16,630 | 4,932 | 108,469 | — | — | (4) | (2) | (1) | (7) |
| Other financial assets<br><br>measured at amortised<br><br>cost | 57,228 | 101,338 | 605,976 | 59,114 | 66,670 | 890,326 | (25) | (10) | (68) | (25) | (1) | (129) |
| – cash and balances at<br><br>central banks | 6,531 | 49,542 | 167,889 | 18,174 | 723 | 242,859 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – Hong Kong Government<br><br>certificates of<br><br>indebtedness | — | — | — | — | 44,063 | 44,063 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – reverse repurchase<br><br>agreements – non-<br><br>trading | 5,931 | 24,847 | 259,919 | 6,354 | 1,341 | 298,392 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| – financial investments | 38,438 | 23,602 | 74,491 | 28,344 | 17,226 | 182,101 | (2) | (1) | (4) | (5) | — | (12) |
| – assets held for sale2 | — | 14 | 3,229 | 864 | 8 | 4,115 | — | — | (18) | (9) | — | (27) |
| – other assets3 | 6,328 | 3,333 | 100,448 | 5,378 | 3,309 | 118,796 | (23) | (9) | (46) | (11) | (1) | (90) |
| Total on-balance sheet | 296,532 | 410,177 | 991,998 | 227,401 | 71,778 | 1,997,886 | (3,903) | (2,008) | (3,242) | (1,637) | (38) | (10,828) |
| Loan and other credit-<br><br>related commitments | 106,246 | 100,162 | 358,554 | 125,138 | 692 | 690,792 | (26) | (91) | (195) | (3) | — | (315) |
| Financial guarantees | 588 | 1,061 | 14,118 | 1,709 | — | 17,476 | (1) | (16) | (33) | (1) | — | (51) |
| Total off-balance sheet4 | 106,834 | 101,223 | 372,672 | 126,847 | 692 | 708,268 | (27) | (107) | (228) | (4) | — | (366) |
| At 31 Dec 2025 | 403,366 | 511,400 | 1,364,670 | 354,248 | 72,470 | 2,706,154 | (3,930) | (2,115) | (3,470) | (1,641) | (38) | (11,194) |
| Fair value | Memorandum allowance for ECL5 | |||||||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |
| Debt instruments<br><br>measured at FVOCI | 130,998 | 27,795 | 174,611 | 48,939 | 1,225 | 383,568 | (1) | — | (20) | (9) | — | (30) |
1The total ECL is recognised in the loss allowance for the financial asset unless the total ECL exceeds the gross carrying amount of the financial asset, in which
case the ECL is recognised as a provision.
2At 31 March 2026, the gross carrying amount comprised $6.6bn of loans and advances to customers and banks (31 December 2025: $3.6bn) and $2.3bn of other
financial assets at amortised cost (31 December 2025: $0.5bn). This included the planned sales of our business in Malta ($4.1bn, 31 December 2025: Nil), our
custody business in Germany ($0.3bn, 31 December 2025: $0.3bn), our business in Uruguay ($1.4bn, 31 December 2025: $1.4bn) and completion of the sale of
our business in South Africa (Nil, 31 December 2025: $0.4bn). The corresponding allowance for ECL comprised $59m of loans and advances to customers and
banks (31 December 2025: $27m).
3Includes only those financial instruments that are subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9. ‘Other assets’ as presented within the summary
consolidated balance sheet on page 14 comprises both financial and non-financial assets, including cash collateral and settlement accounts.
4Represents the maximum amount at risk should the contracts be fully drawn upon and clients default.
5Debt instruments measured at FVOCI continue to be measured at fair value with the allowance for ECL as a memorandum item. Change in ECL is recognised in
‘Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges’ in the income statement.
| Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges by business segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2026 | (208) | (203) | (679) | (210) | (1) | (1,301) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quarter ended 31 Dec 2025 | (307) | (101) | (235) | (235) | (23) | (901) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quarter ended 31 Mar 2025 | (316) | (169) | (173) | (227) | 9 | (876) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| --- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage at 31 March 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross carrying/nominal amount1 | Allowance for ECL | ECL coverage % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | % | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and<br><br>advances to<br><br>customers<br><br>at<br><br>amortised<br><br>cost3 | 900,958 | 87,651 | 24,343 | 344 | 1,013,296 | (1,258) | (2,320) | (7,690) | (71) | (11,339) | 0.1 | 2.6 | 31.6 | 20.6 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||||
| Loans and<br><br>advances to<br><br>banks at<br><br>amortised<br><br>cost | 99,240 | 1,068 | 1 | — | 100,309 | (9) | (2) | (1) | — | (12) | — | 0.2 | 100.0 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Other<br><br>financial<br><br>assets<br><br>measured<br><br>at<br><br>amortised<br><br>cost | 916,849 | 1,899 | 327 | 3 | 919,078 | (85) | (17) | (55) | — | (157) | — | 0.9 | 16.8 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Loan and<br><br>other credit-<br><br>related<br><br>commit-<br><br>ments | 722,352 | 19,198 | 773 | 4 | 742,327 | (167) | (114) | (95) | — | (376) | — | 0.6 | 12.3 | — | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||||
| Financial<br><br>guarantees | 16,588 | 1,533 | 208 | — | 18,329 | (9) | (16) | (52) | — | (77) | 0.1 | 1.0 | 25.0 | — | 0.4 | |||||||||||||||||
| At 31 Mar<br><br>2026 | 2,655,987 | 111,349 | 25,652 | 351 | 2,793,339 | (1,528) | (2,469) | (7,893) | (71) | (11,961) | 0.1 | 2.2 | 30.8 | 20.2 | 0.4 | Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage at 31 December 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross carrying/nominal amount1 | Allowance for ECL | ECL coverage % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI2 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | % | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and<br><br>advances to<br><br>customers<br><br>at amortised<br><br>cost | 893,433 | 80,936 | 24,389 | 333 | 999,091 | (1,201) | (2,318) | (7,097) | (76) | (10,692) | 0.1 | 2.9 | 29.1 | 22.8 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||||
| Loans and<br><br>advances to<br><br>banks at<br><br>amortised<br><br>cost | 108,336 | 132 | 1 | — | 108,469 | (4) | (2) | (1) | — | (7) | — | 1.5 | 100.0 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Other<br><br>financial<br><br>assets<br><br>measured at<br><br>amortised<br><br>cost | 888,491 | 1,651 | 184 | — | 890,326 | (76) | (11) | (42) | — | (129) | — | 0.7 | 22.8 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Loan and<br><br>other credit-<br><br>related<br><br>commit-<br><br>ments | 669,648 | 20,488 | 652 | 4 | 690,792 | (149) | (97) | (69) | — | (315) | — | 0.5 | 10.6 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Financial<br><br>guarantees | 15,913 | 1,371 | 192 | — | 17,476 | (8) | (17) | (26) | — | (51) | 0.1 | 1.2 | 13.5 | — | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||
| At 31 Dec<br><br>2025 | 2,575,821 | 104,578 | 25,418 | 337 | 2,706,154 | (1,438) | (2,445) | (7,235) | (76) | (11,194) | 0.1 | 2.3 | 28.5 | 22.6 | 0.4 |
1Represents the maximum amount at risk should the contracts be fully drawn upon and clients default.
2Purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets (‘POCI‘).
3Stage 2 balances increased in both Personal and Wholesale lending following introduction of the Downside 1 scenario during the reporting period and due to
changes in the underlying portfolio.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 40 |
Measurement uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of ECL estimates
The recognition and measurement of ECL involves the use of significant judgement and estimation. We form multiple scenarios based on
economic forecasts and distributional estimates and apply these to credit risk models to estimate future credit losses. The results are then
probability-weighted to determine an unbiased ECL estimate.
Management assessed the current economic environment, reviewed the latest economic forecasts and market indicators and discussed key
risks and uncertainties before selecting the economic scenarios and their probability weightings.
Economic forecasts were subject to a high degree of uncertainty as of 31 March 2026 due to the conflict in the Middle East that began on
28 February 2026.
Management judgemental adjustments are used where modelled allowance for ECL does not fully reflect the identified risks and related
uncertainty, or to capture significant late-breaking events.
Methodology
At 31 March 2026, five economic scenarios were used to calculate ECL. These scenarios were selected to capture the latest economic
expectations and to articulate management‘s view of the range of risks and potential outcomes. In most economic circumstances, four standard
scenarios are refreshed each quarter. In the first quarter of 2026, a fifth scenario was added to address the heightened risk and uncertainty
arising from the conflict in the Middle East.
Of those four standard scenarios, the Upside, Central and Downside are drawn from external consensus forecasts, market data and probability
distributions that represent a range of potential economic outcomes. The fourth scenario, the Downside 2, represents management’s view of
severe downside risks in the tail of the distribution. These standard scenarios are calibrated as global demand shocks, where a downturn in
economic activity drives a fall in inflation and a reduction in central bank interest rates.
A fifth scenario, the Downside 1, was developed to capture the supply-driven shock to energy supply and regional logistics stemming from the
Middle East conflict that began on 28 February 2026. It incorporates a sharp increase in oil prices, leading to higher inflation and a tightening of
global financial conditions. It results in weaker growth in our major markets, with the Middle East particularly adversely affected.
Scenarios are refreshed and updated with the latest economic forecasts and distributional estimates every quarter.
Description of economic scenarios
The consensus Central scenario reflects a baseline expectation that was formed before the conflict in the Middle East that began on
28 February 2026. It assumes that global growth slows modestly from 2025 into 2026 as trade growth eases following the surge in volumes
that accompanied the imposition of higher US tariffs last year.
For the US, growth is expected to be supported by tax cuts, investment in the roll out and development of AI and the expectation of continued
monetary policy easing. Growth is forecast to slow in the UK due to higher unemployment and weak consumer spending, while in France it is
expected to remain broadly unchanged. For mainland China and Hong Kong, growth is also forecast to slow in 2026 relative to 2025. The key
driver of the outlook in both markets relates to trade. Hong Kong benefited significantly from the redirection of Chinese exports in 2025, but the
contribution to growth is expected to be smaller in the year ahead. GDP growth is still forecast to remain close to its trend rate however, as the
housing market is expected to continue its recovery and domestic consumption spending is expected to rise. The Central scenario for mainland
China is within the range of the official government target. It assumes a modest slowdown relative to 2025 as trade growth decelerates and
authorities continue to pursue supply side reforms.
Although the Central scenario was finalised before the conflict started, it was considered to remain a relevant baseline at the reporting date.
This assessment was based on information available at quarter end, including the latest external economic forecasts, financial market indicators
and official communications around likely conflict duration. A key consideration was that for our major markets outside of the Middle East,
updated economic forecasts remained closer to the pre-war consensus than the implied paths of the downside scenarios. At the same time,
while financial market implied interest rate expectations were extremely volatile, a majority of economists considered that major central banks
would be able to look past a temporary, oil-driven, spike in inflation.
Nonetheless, the conflict has increased forecast uncertainty and this was reflected by assigning a lower than usual weighting of 50% to the
Central scenario, with the remainder allocated to the more severe outcomes. Risks to the baseline outlook are captured in outer scenarios.
The three standard outer scenarios, comprising an Upside and two Downsides, are configured around tariff and other risks, which drive demand-
side shocks for most markets. In those scenarios, GDP and inflation move together directionally and in the downside scenarios they fall. To
capture the risks attached to the Middle East conflict a fifth scenario was deployed, which is configured as a supply shock. In this scenario,
disruption to the transportation of oil, gas and other critical materials from the region drives a rise in commodity prices that increases inflation,
even as GDP growth is slowing and unemployment is increasing.
The five global scenarios used for calculating ECL at 31 March 2026 were:
–The consensus Central scenario: This scenario was formed before the conflict that began on 28 February 2026, and assumes moderate rates
of growth through 2026. The scenario is consistent with a US tariff rate, measured as an effective trade-weighted average, of 14%,
compared with 15% at the end of 2025. Although growth in trade is forecast to slow, the scenario assumes that GDP growth in most of our
main markets benefits from continued policy support in the form of the gradual lowering of policy interest rates and deficit-financed fiscal
spending. In addition, after rising through 2025 unemployment is forecast to stabilise, albeit at the higher level. The US Federal Reserve and
the BoE are expected to continue to loosen monetary policy, while the European Central Bank is expected to keep interest rates on hold.
–The consensus Upside scenario: This scenario features faster growth in economic activity in the near term compared with the consensus
Central scenario. In this scenario, trade and geopolitical tensions ease and the improvement in confidence drives an acceleration in GDP
growth. Unemployment also falls and equity markets and house prices see accelerated gains.
–The consensus Downside scenario: This scenario features weaker economic activity compared with the Central scenario. For most markets,
it incorporates a mild to moderate recession, driven by an escalation in tariffs and the crystallisation of other risks. In this scenario, growth
weakens, unemployment rises and equity markets and house prices contract.
–The Downside 1 scenario: This scenario explores the risks associated with the conflict in the Middle East that began on 28 February 2026
and is calibrated as a supply shock in which the conflict persists into the second quarter of 2026, with recovery over subsequent quarters. In
the scenario, GDP falls, and inflation and policy interest rates rise. The scenario features a period of disruption to shipping through the Strait
of Hormuz and damage to regional oil and gas infrastructure. The price of Brent crude oil rises to $130/bbl through the second quarter of
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 41 |
2026 and remains at over $100/bbl in the third, before falling back below $100/bbl by year end. The severity of the scenario varies
significantly by market and is designed to reflect the exposure and sensitivity of each market both to the conflict and to higher energy costs.
For most markets, the expected impact is a moderate slowdown in growth below the Central scenario, but it also features a significant rise
in inflation above the Central scenario that prompts major central banks to raise interest rates. The most severe impact is seen in the Middle
East, where many markets are assumed to enter recession.
–The Downside 2 scenario: This scenario reflects management’s view of the tail end of the economic distribution. It incorporates the
simultaneous crystallisation of a number of risks that leads to a deep global recession. The subsequent drop in demand leads to a steep fall
in commodity prices, and a rapid increase in unemployment. The narrative features an escalation in tariff actions and retaliation globally and
further intensification of geopolitical crises. The scenario is consistent with the US tariff rate, measured as an effective trade-weighted
average, rising to 25% at the end of 2026.
The following tables describe key macroeconomic variables in the consensus Central scenario, consensus Upside, consensus Downside,
Downside 1 and Downside 2 scenarios.
| Consensus Central scenario 2Q26–1Q31 (as at 1Q26) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | |
| GDP (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 1.0 | 4.8 | 1.3 |
| 2027 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 1.1 | 4.0 | 1.9 |
| 2028 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 2.1 |
| 2029 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 2.2 |
| 2030 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 3.8 | 2.0 |
| Unemployment rate (%) | |||||||
| 2026 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5.2 | 7.7 | 2.3 | 2.8 |
| 2027 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 7.6 | 2.2 | 3.1 |
| 2028 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 3.1 |
| 2029 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 3.1 |
| 2030 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.3 | 2.0 | 3.1 |
| 5-year average1 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 7.5 | 2.1 | 3.0 |
| House prices (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 5.2 | (3.2) | 3.5 | 6.3 | 5.8 |
| 2027 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 4.5 |
| 2028 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 4.4 |
| 2029 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 4.3 |
| 2030 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 4.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.4 |
| Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 3.7 |
| 2027 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 3.6 |
| 2028 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 3.4 |
| 2029 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 3.4 |
| 2030 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 3.4 |
| 5-year average1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 3.5 |
| Central bank policy rate (annual average, %)2 | |||||||
| 2026 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 6.9 |
| 2027 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 7.2 |
| 2028 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 7.6 |
| 2029 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 8.0 |
| 2030 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 8.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 7.7 |
1The five-year average is calculated over a projected period of 20 quarters from 2Q26 to 1Q31.
2For mainland China, the policy rate shown is the Loan Prime Rate.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 42 | |||||||
| Consensus Central scenario 2026–2030 (as at 4Q25) | |||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | |
| GDP (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 4.7 | 1.3 |
| 2027 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 4.1 | 2.0 |
| 2028 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 2.2 |
| 2029 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
| 2030 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 2.0 |
| Unemployment rate (%) | |||||||
| 2026 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 5.2 | 7.6 | 2.5 | 3.2 |
| 2027 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 7.6 | 2.4 | 3.2 |
| 2028 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 7.5 | 2.4 | 3.2 |
| 2029 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.4 | 2.4 | 3.1 |
| 2030 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.4 | 2.4 | 3.1 |
| 5-year average1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 7.5 | 2.4 | 3.2 |
| House prices (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.5 | (1.6) | 4.3 | 5.8 | 4.8 |
| 2027 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 3.2 | 4.5 |
| 2028 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 4.4 |
| 2029 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 4.3 |
| 2030 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 4.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 4.4 |
| Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.7 |
| 2027 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 3.6 |
| 2028 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 3.5 |
| 2029 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 3.4 |
| 2030 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 3.4 |
| 5-year average1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.5 |
| Central bank policy rate (annual average, %)2 | |||||||
| 2026 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 7.0 |
| 2027 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 7.2 |
| 2028 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 7.5 |
| 2029 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 7.7 |
| 2030 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 7.9 |
| 5-year average1 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 7.5 |
1The five-year average is calculated over a 20-quarter period from 2Q26 to 1Q31.
2For mainland China, the policy rate shown is the Loan Prime Rate.
| Consensus Upside scenario 2Q26–1Q31 (as at 1Q26) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-peak)1 | 10.8 | (1Q31) | 15.1 | (1Q31) | 19.0 | (1Q31) | 29.5 | (1Q31) | 8.3 | (1Q31) | 28.4 | (1Q31) | 16.5 | (1Q31) | ||||||||||||||||
| Unemployment rate (%, min)2 | 3.5 | (1Q28) | 3.6 | (1Q28) | 2.9 | (3Q28) | 4.7 | (1Q28) | 6.8 | (1Q28) | 1.8 | (1Q28) | 2.4 | (4Q26) | ||||||||||||||||
| House price index (%, start-to-peak)1 | 18.9 | (1Q31) | 22.6 | (1Q31) | 24.6 | (4Q30) | 13.3 | (1Q31) | 22.0 | (1Q31) | 21.1 | (1Q31) | 29.3 | (1Q31) | ||||||||||||||||
| Inflation rate (YoY % change, max)3 | 3.3 | (2Q27) | 3.6 | (4Q26) | 2.7 | (1Q27) | 1.5 | (4Q29) | 2.3 | (4Q28) | 2.5 | (2Q26) | 4.0 | (1Q27) | ||||||||||||||||
| Central bank policy rate (%, max)3 | 4.0 | (1Q31) | 3.7 | (2Q26) | 4.1 | (2Q26) | 3.4 | (2Q27) | 2.7 | (1Q27) | 3.7 | (2Q26) | 8.4 | (1Q31) | Consensus Upside scenario 2026–2030 (as at 4Q25) | |||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||||||||||||
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-peak)1 | 11.0 | (4Q30) | 15.2 | (4Q30) | 20.7 | (4Q30) | 28.6 | (4Q30) | 8.5 | (4Q30) | 29.0 | (4Q30) | 16.9 | (4Q30) | ||||||||||||||||
| Unemployment rate (%, min)2 | 3.2 | (4Q27) | 3.5 | (4Q27) | 2.8 | (2Q28) | 4.7 | (4Q27) | 6.6 | (4Q27) | 2.0 | (4Q27) | 2.8 | (3Q26) | ||||||||||||||||
| House price index (%, start-to-peak)1 | 20.0 | (4Q30) | 23.2 | (4Q30) | 19.4 | (4Q30) | 14.9 | (4Q30) | 22.6 | (4Q30) | 22.2 | (4Q30) | 29.5 | (4Q30) | ||||||||||||||||
| Inflation rate (YoY % change, max)3 | 3.5 | (1Q26) | 3.6 | (3Q26) | 2.9 | (2Q26) | 1.5 | (4Q30) | 2.4 | (4Q27) | 3.1 | (2Q26) | 4.2 | (1Q26) | ||||||||||||||||
| Central bank policy rate (%, max)3 | 3.9 | (1Q26) | 3.9 | (1Q26) | 4.2 | (1Q26) | 3.4 | (1Q27) | 2.5 | (4Q30) | 3.9 | (1Q26) | 8.1 | (4Q30) |
1Cumulative change from the start of the scenario to the highest level observed over the 20‑quarter projection.
2Lowest projected unemployment in the scenario.
3The table shows the highest projected policy rate and year-on-year percentage change in inflation in the scenario. For mainland China, the policy rate shown is
the Loan Prime Rate.
| Consensus Downside scenario 2Q26–1Q31 (as at 1Q26) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-trough)1 | (0.4) | (2Q28) | (0.6) | (4Q26) | (2.5) | (3Q27) | (1.7) | (4Q26) | (0.2) | (3Q26) | 0.1 | (2Q26) | (1.3) | (1Q27) |
| Unemployment rate (%, max)2 | 6.4 | (1Q27) | 5.3 | (4Q26) | 4.7 | (2Q27) | 6.8 | (1Q28) | 8.4 | (2Q27) | 2.9 | (4Q27) | 3.5 | (1Q27) |
| House price index (%, start-to-<br><br>trough)1 | (4.2) | (1Q27) | (2.8) | (2Q27) | (1.5) | (2Q27) | (6.1) | (2Q27) | 0.7 | (2Q26) | (3.6) | (3Q26) | 0.5 | (2Q26) |
| Inflation rate (YoY % change)3 | 1.0 | (1Q27) | 3.1 | (2Q26) | 0.8 | (1Q27) | (2.6) | (4Q26) | 0.6 | (3Q26) | 0.6 | (1Q27) | 4.5 | (3Q26) |
| Central bank policy rate (%)3 | 2.4 | (1Q29) | 3.5 | (1Q31) | 3.9 | (1Q31) | 1.5 | (1Q27) | 0.9 | (4Q26) | 3.6 | (1Q31) | 9.4 | (3Q26) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||||||||||
| --- | ||||||||||||||
| 43 | ||||||||||||||
| Consensus Downside scenario 2026–2030 (as at 4Q25) | ||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-trough)1 | (0.2) | (2Q27) | (0.8) | (3Q26) | (1.7) | (4Q27) | (1.7) | (3Q26) | (0.4) | (3Q26) | 0.4 | (1Q26) | (1.0) | (1Q27) |
| Unemployment rate (%, max)2 | 6.2 | (4Q26) | 5.3 | (3Q26) | 4.8 | (4Q26) | 6.8 | (4Q27) | 8.6 | (3Q26) | 3.2 | (3Q27) | 3.8 | (3Q26) |
| House price index (%, start-to-<br><br>trough)1 | (4.1) | (1Q27) | (3.1) | (1Q27) | (3.8) | (1Q27) | (5.6) | (1Q27) | 0.7 | (1Q26) | (3.4) | (2Q26) | 0.6 | (1Q26) |
| Inflation rate (YoY % change)3 | 1.3 | (3Q26) | 3.4 | (1Q26) | 0.1 | (4Q26) | (2.9) | (4Q26) | 0.4 | (4Q26) | 0.5 | (4Q26) | 4.7 | (1Q26) |
| Central bank policy rate (%)3 | 2.2 | (3Q28) | 4.6 | (2Q26) | 5.0 | (2Q26) | 1.5 | (4Q26) | 0.6 | (1Q27) | 4.6 | (2Q26) | 9.5 | (2Q26) |
1Cumulative change from the start of the scenario to the lowest level observed over the 20‑quarter projection. If the projected series does not fall below its
starting level, the value reported is the smallest positive cumulative change over the projection horizon.
2The highest projected unemployment in the scenario.
3The table shows the peak year-on-year percentage change in inflation and peak projected policy rates for the US and Mexico. For all other countries and
territories, the trough is reported. For the UAE and Hong Kong, the policy rate is also shown as its peak, reflecting their US dollar-linked exchange rate regimes.
For mainland China, the policy rate shown is the Loan Prime Rate.
| Downside 1 scenario 2Q26–1Q31 (as at 1Q26) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | |
| GDP (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 1.3 |
| 2027 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| 2028 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 2.0 |
| 2029 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 2.2 |
| 2030 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 1.8 |
| Unemployment rate (%) | |||||||
| 2026 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 8.1 | 2.8 | 3.1 |
| 2027 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 5.8 | 8.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
| 2028 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 5.8 | 8.0 | 2.7 | 3.1 |
| 2029 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 |
| 2030 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.2 | 2.2 | 3.1 |
| 5-year average1 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 7.8 | 2.6 | 3.1 |
| House prices (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | (1.3) | (0.3) | 4.7 | (3.7) | 2.0 | 0.7 | 5.7 |
| 2027 | (5.4) | (2.0) | 1.9 | (1.2) | 2.7 | (5.7) | 3.8 |
| 2028 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 3.8 |
| 2029 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 4.1 |
| 2030 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 4.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 4.1 |
| Inflation (annual average growth rate, %) | |||||||
| 2026 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 4.9 |
| 2027 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 3.9 |
| 2028 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 2.4 |
| 2029 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| 2030 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.6 |
| 5-year average1 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 3.2 |
| Central bank policy rate (annual average, %)2 | |||||||
| 2026 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 9.3 |
| 2027 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 7.7 |
| 2028 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 5.5 |
| 2029 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 8.1 |
| 2030 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 8.2 |
| 5-year average1 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 7.8 |
1The five-year average is calculated over a 20-quarter period from 2Q26 to 1Q31.
2For mainland China, the policy rate shown is the Loan Prime Rate.
| Downside 2 scenario 2Q26–1Q31 (as at 1Q26) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-trough)1 | (5.4) | (3Q27) | (4.3) | (2Q27) | (10.2) | (3Q27) | (6.1) | (2Q27) | (6.2) | (3Q27) | (6.0) | (3Q27) | (9.9) | (3Q27) |
| Unemployment rate (%, max)2 | 9.0 | (3Q27) | 9.3 | (1Q28) | 6.9 | (1Q27) | 7.0 | (1Q28) | 10.7 | (2Q28) | 3.6 | (4Q26) | 5.1 | (3Q27) |
| House price index (%, start-to-<br><br>trough)1 | (24.1) | (1Q28) | (16.7) | (1Q27) | (14.7) | (2Q29) | (24.0) | (1Q28) | (6.1) | (4Q27) | (32.6) | (2Q28) | 0.5 | (2Q26) |
| Inflation rate (YoY % change)3 | (2.1) | (1Q27) | 3.7 | (3Q26) | (1.8) | (3Q27) | (6.1) | (1Q27) | (0.3) | (1Q27) | 0.4 | (1Q27) | 4.7 | (3Q26) |
| Central bank policy rate (%)3 | 1.6 | (2Q27) | 3.1 | (2Q26) | 3.5 | (2Q26) | 1.2 | (3Q27) | 0.4 | (4Q26) | 3.1 | (2Q26) | 9.8 | (3Q26) |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||||||||||
| --- | ||||||||||||||
| 44 | ||||||||||||||
| Downside 2 scenario 2026–2030 (as at 4Q25) | ||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | ||||||||
| GDP level (%, start-to-trough)1 | (5.3) | (2Q27) | (4.5) | (1Q27) | (9.3) | (3Q27) | (6.0) | (1Q27) | (6.2) | (2Q27) | (5.7) | (2Q27) | (10.0) | (1Q27) |
| Unemployment rate (%, max)2 | 8.9 | (2Q27) | 9.0 | (1Q28) | 7.0 | (4Q26) | 7.0 | (4Q27) | 10.7 | (4Q27) | 3.9 | (3Q26) | 5.2 | (2Q27) |
| House price index (%, start-to-<br><br>trough)1 | (24.2) | (4Q27) | (17.1) | (4Q26) | (19.6) | (2Q29) | (23.1) | (4Q27) | (5.9) | (3Q27) | (30.5) | (1Q28) | 0.6 | (1Q26) |
| Inflation rate (YoY % change)3 | (1.9) | (4Q26) | 4.1 | (2Q26) | (1.7) | (2Q27) | (6.5) | (4Q26) | (0.6) | (4Q26) | 0.3 | (4Q26) | 4.8 | (1Q26) |
| Central bank policy rate (%)3 | 1.4 | (1Q27) | 4.7 | (2Q26) | 5.0 | (2Q26) | 1.2 | (2Q27) | 0.1 | (4Q26) | 4.7 | (2Q26) | 9.9 | (2Q26) |
1Cumulative change from the start of the scenario to the lowest level observed over the 20‑quarter projection. If the projected series does not fall below its
starting level, the value reported is the smallest positive cumulative change over the projection horizon.
2The highest projected unemployment in the scenario.
3The table shows the peak year-on-year percentage change in inflation and peak projected policy rates for the US and Mexico, and the trough for all other
countries and territories. For the UAE and Hong Kong, the policy rate is also shown as its peak, reflecting their US dollar-linked exchange rate regimes. For
mainland China, the policy rate shown is the Loan Prime Rate.
The following table describes the probabilities assigned in each scenario.
| Scenario weightings, % | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard<br><br>weights | UK | US | Hong<br><br>Kong | Mainland<br><br>China | France | UAE | Mexico | |
| 1Q26 | ||||||||
| Consensus Upside | 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Consensus Central | 75 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Consensus Downside | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Downside 1 | — | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Downside 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| 4Q25 | ||||||||
| Consensus Upside | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Consensus Central | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 |
| Consensus Downside | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Downside 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Scenario weightings for the standard outer scenarios are calibrated to probabilities that are determined with reference to consensus forecast
probability distributions. Management may then choose to vary weights if they assess that the calibration lags more recent events, or does not
reflect their view of the distribution of economic risk. Management’s view of the scenarios and the probability distribution takes into
consideration the relationship of the consensus scenario to both internal and external assessments of risk.
At 31 March 2026, management concluded that the conflict in the Middle East had materially increased uncertainty around the outlook and risk
distribution, particularly for energy prices, inflation and monetary policy. The introduction of a fifth scenario offered scope to reassign weight
from the Central and Upside to a scenario that appropriately reflects near-term risks. Weights were therefore adjusted away from the standard
calibration to address elevated forecast uncertainty and an assessment that the balance of risk had skewed more significantly to the downside.
The re-weighting of scenarios was applied on a global basis. The fifth scenario incorporates region-specific variations to reflect differing impacts
of the Middle East conflict, which allows for a uniform adjustment to scenario weights across all jurisdictions.
The consensus Upside and Central scenarios for all key markets were assigned a combined weighting of 55%. The Downside 1 scenario, which
addresses the escalating economic risks associated with the Middle East conflict that began on 28 February 2026, was assigned a 30%
weighting. The remaining 15% was assigned to the two other Downside scenarios, with the consensus Downside scenario given a weight of
10% and 5% assigned to the Downside 2.
Management used the consensus and additional scenarios with their respective weightings, together with management judgemental
adjustments, to ensure total reported ECL allowance was reflective of expected credit losses at the reporting date.
Management judgemental adjustments
In the context of IFRS 9, management judgemental adjustments are typically short-term increases or decreases to the modelled allowance for
ECL at either a customer, segment or portfolio level where management believes allowances do not sufficiently reflect the credit risk/expected
credit losses at the reporting date. These can relate to risks or uncertainties that are not reflected in the models and/or to any late-breaking
events with significant uncertainty, subject to management review and challenge. The drivers of management judgemental adjustments
continue to evolve with the economic environment and as new risks emerge. Further details can be found in the section ‘Management
judgemental adjustments‘ on page 154 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2025 on Form 20-F.
Management judgemental adjustments are reviewed under the governance process for IFRS 9, as detailed in the section ‘Credit risk
management’ on page 140 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2025 on Form 20-F.
At 31 March 2026, total management judgemental adjustments for retail and wholesale loans increased the allowance for ECL by $0.2bn
(31 December 2025: $0.2bn increase). The wholesale portfolio management judgemental adjustments increased by $0.1bn from 31 December
2025, driven primarily by uncertainty from the conflict in the Middle East that began on 28 February 2026, as well as market-specific
uncertainties across a number of geographies. For the retail portfolios, management judgemental adjustments increased the ECL allowances by
$0.1bn. Market-specific uncertainties in relation to the Middle East conflict were captured through management judgemental adjustments. The
adjustments reflect where the increase in risk was not fully captured by modelled outcomes, particularly for geographies with localised impacts,
such as the UAE. In addition, through continuous monitoring of the macroeconomic environment and modelled ECL, there were no other
significant management judgemental adjustments applied to the retail portfolio at 31 March 2026.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 45 |
Economic scenarios sensitivity analysis of ECL estimates
Management considered the sensitivity of the ECL outcome against the economic forecasts as part of the ECL governance process by
recalculating the ECL under each scenario described above for selected portfolios, applying a 100% weighting to each scenario in turn. The
weighting is reflected in both the determination of a significant increase in credit risk and the measurement of the resulting ECL.
The allowance for ECL calculated for the Upside and Downside scenarios should not be taken to represent the upper and lower limits of
possible ECL outcomes. The impact of defaults that might occur in the future under different economic scenarios is captured by recalculating
ECL for loans at the balance sheet date.
There is a particularly high degree of estimation uncertainty in numbers representing more severe risk scenarios when assigned a 100%
weighting.
For wholesale credit risk exposures, the sensitivity analysis excludes allowance for ECL and financial instruments related to defaulted (stage 3)
obligors. Loans to defaulted obligors are a small portion of the overall wholesale lending exposure, even if representing the majority of the
allowance for ECL. The measurement of stage 3 ECL is relatively more sensitive to credit factors specific to the obligor than future economic
scenarios, and therefore the effects of macroeconomic factors are not necessarily the key consideration when performing individual
assessments of allowances for obligors in default. Due to the range and specificity of the credit factors to which the ECL is sensitive, it is not
possible to provide a meaningful alternative sensitivity analysis for a consistent set of risks across all defaulted obligors.
For retail credit risk exposures, the sensitivity analysis includes ECL allowance for loans and advances to customers related to defaulted
obligors. This is because the retail ECL allowance for secured mortgage portfolios, including loans in all stages, is sensitive to macroeconomic
variables.
Group ECL sensitivity results
The allowance for ECL of the scenarios and management judgemental adjustments is highly sensitive to movements in economic forecasts. If
the Group allowance for ECL balance was estimated solely on the basis of the consensus Upside, consensus Central, consensus Downside,
Downside 1 and the Downside 2 scenarios at 31 March 2026, it would increase/(decrease) as presented in the below table.
| Retail | Wholesale1 | |
|---|---|---|
| Total Group ECL at 31 Mar 20262 | $bn | $bn |
| Reported ECL | 2.7 | 2.0 |
| Scenarios | ||
| 100% consensus Central scenario | (0.1) | (0.3) |
| 100% consensus Upside scenario | (0.1) | (0.7) |
| 100% consensus Downside scenario | 0.0 | 0.3 |
| 100% Downside 1 scenario | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| 100% Downside 2 scenario | 0.9 | 2.5 |
| Total Group ECL at 31 Dec 20252 | ||
| --- | --- | --- |
| Reported ECL | 2.7 | 1.9 |
| Scenarios | ||
| 100% consensus Central scenario | (0.0) | 0.0 |
| 100% consensus Upside scenario | (0.1) | (0.3) |
| 100% consensus Downside scenario | 0.0 | 0.6 |
| 100% Downside 2 scenario | 0.9 | 2.7 |
1Includes low credit-risk financial instruments, such as debt instruments at FVOCI, which have high carrying values but low ECL under all the scenarios.
2ECL sensitivities exclude portfolios utilising less complex modelling approaches for the retail portfolio and defaulted obligors for the wholesale portfolio.
At 31 March 2026, the Group reported ECL allowance remained stable in the retail portfolio and increased by $0.1bn in the wholesale portfolio,
compared with 31 December 2025. The reported ECL allowance included the consideration of the additional Downside 1 scenario, which was
introduced in the reporting period, and the 100% scenario ECL is presented above.
The Downside 1 scenario results incorporate more significant regional differentiation than the consensus Downside, to reflect country level
sensitivities on their economies from the Middle East conflict.
In the retail portfolio, the allowances for ECL under each of the 100% consensus scenarios and the Downside 2 scenario were consistent with
31 December 2025. The consensus Downside and Downside 1 scenario ECL allowances were also at comparable levels and would both
increase the reported ECL allowance.
In the Wholesale portfolio there was a marginal improvement in the consensus scenarios relative to 31 December 2025. The Downside 1
scenario added $0.2bn to Wholesale ECL at 31 March 2026, which affected the sensitivity to other scenarios, reducing the impact compared
with 31 December 2025. There is less sensitivity in the consensus Downside scenario at 31 March 2026 due to this impact and the
improvement in the scenarios in certain countries and territories, including the relative improvement in scenarios in the US and Hong Kong.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 46 |
Personal lending
| Total personal lending for loans and advances to customers at amortised cost by stage distribution | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross carrying amount | Allowance for ECL | |||||||||||||||||
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Total | |||||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |||||||||||
| By legal entity | ||||||||||||||||||
| HSBC UK Bank plc | 190,482 | 15,109 | 1,212 | 206,803 | (221) | (315) | (257) | (793) | ||||||||||
| HSBC Bank plc | 15,208 | 947 | 349 | 16,504 | (13) | (10) | (99) | (122) | ||||||||||
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 204,695 | 7,404 | 1,099 | 213,198 | (206) | (439) | (169) | (814) | ||||||||||
| HSBC Bank Middle East Limited | 3,882 | 313 | 51 | 4,246 | (17) | (42) | (30) | (89) | ||||||||||
| HSBC North America Holdings Inc. | 19,409 | 491 | 425 | 20,325 | (4) | (12) | (15) | (31) | ||||||||||
| Grupo Financiero HSBC, S.A. de C.V. | 11,411 | 1,125 | 807 | 13,343 | (231) | (395) | (313) | (939) | ||||||||||
| Other trading entities | 346 | 31 | 4 | 381 | — | (1) | (3) | (4) | ||||||||||
| At 31 Mar 2026 | 445,433 | 25,420 | 3,947 | 474,800 | (692) | (1,214) | (886) | (2,792) | By legal entity | |||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||||||
| HSBC UK Bank plc | 191,726 | 14,515 | 1,200 | 207,441 | (201) | (315) | (256) | (772) | ||||||||||
| HSBC Bank plc | 17,416 | 1,076 | 365 | 18,857 | (16) | (14) | (107) | (137) | ||||||||||
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 201,779 | 6,407 | 1,108 | 209,294 | (199) | (432) | (170) | (801) | ||||||||||
| HSBC Bank Middle East Limited | 4,061 | 134 | 47 | 4,242 | (18) | (23) | (29) | (70) | ||||||||||
| HSBC North America Holdings Inc. | 19,607 | 512 | 404 | 20,523 | (4) | (12) | (14) | (30) | ||||||||||
| Grupo Financiero HSBC, S.A. de C.V. | 11,705 | 1,212 | 817 | 13,734 | (229) | (438) | (316) | (983) | ||||||||||
| Other trading entities | 402 | 31 | 4 | 437 | — | (1) | (3) | (4) | ||||||||||
| At 31 Dec 2025 | 446,696 | 23,887 | 3,945 | 474,528 | (667) | (1,235) | (895) | (2,797) |
Wholesale lending
| Total wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers at amortised cost by stage distribution | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross carrying amount | Allowance for ECL | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI | Total | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | POCI | Total | |||||||||||||
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | |||||||||||||
| By legal entity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| HSBC UK Bank plc | 97,697 | 13,137 | 3,210 | — | 114,044 | (201) | (330) | (704) | — | (1,235) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC Bank plc | 91,531 | 7,078 | 2,363 | 57 | 101,029 | (55) | (113) | (1,014) | (31) | (1,213) | ||||||||||||
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation<br><br>Limited | 285,715 | 36,043 | 12,395 | 89 | 334,242 | (192) | (466) | (3,877) | (35) | (4,570) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC Bank Middle East Limited | 27,065 | 1,167 | 1,219 | 5 | 29,456 | (37) | (38) | (663) | (4) | (742) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC North America Holdings Inc. | 31,701 | 3,763 | 547 | 193 | 36,204 | (37) | (103) | (175) | (1) | (316) | ||||||||||||
| Grupo Financiero HSBC, S.A. de C.V. | 12,619 | 1,976 | 379 | — | 14,974 | (37) | (54) | (195) | — | (286) | ||||||||||||
| Other trading entities | 8,358 | 135 | 284 | — | 8,777 | (16) | (4) | (177) | — | (197) | ||||||||||||
| Holding companies, shared service centres and<br><br>intra-Group eliminations | 79 | — | — | — | 79 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| At 31 Mar 2026 | 554,765 | 63,299 | 20,397 | 344 | 638,805 | (575) | (1,108) | (6,805) | (71) | (8,559) | By legal entity | |||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||||||||
| HSBC UK Bank plc | 98,719 | 10,488 | 3,430 | — | 112,637 | (180) | (325) | (753) | — | (1,258) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC Bank plc | 98,175 | 5,582 | 1,756 | 58 | 105,571 | (68) | (96) | (611) | (29) | (804) | ||||||||||||
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation<br><br>Limited | 283,206 | 33,990 | 12,837 | 77 | 330,110 | (171) | (480) | (3,694) | (41) | (4,386) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC Bank Middle East Limited | 26,643 | 1,171 | 1,242 | 5 | 29,061 | (19) | (31) | (630) | (5) | (685) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC North America Holdings Inc. | 28,456 | 3,518 | 517 | 193 | 32,684 | (41) | (100) | (145) | (1) | (287) | ||||||||||||
| Grupo Financiero HSBC, S.A. de C.V. | 12,057 | 2,268 | 378 | — | 14,703 | (47) | (49) | (190) | — | (286) | ||||||||||||
| Other trading entities | 7,727 | 164 | 285 | — | 8,176 | (12) | (4) | (180) | — | (196) | ||||||||||||
| Holding companies, shared service centres and<br><br>intra-Group eliminations | 90 | — | — | — | 90 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| At 31 Dec 2025 | 555,073 | 57,181 | 20,445 | 333 | 633,032 | (538) | (1,085) | (6,203) | (76) | (7,902) | ||||||||||||
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| --- | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 47 |
Hong Kong commercial real estate
In the table below, we have disclosed information related to commercial real estate (‘CRE’) exposures booked in Hong Kong (excluding
exposures to mainland China borrowers) by stage and credit quality. These exposures mostly comprise lending to Hong Kong borrowers and, to
a lesser degree, borrowers overseas.
| Commercial real estate lending to customers – Hong Kong excluding exposure to mainland China borrowers | ||
|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |
| $m | $m | |
| Gross loans and advances | ||
| By stage | ||
| Stage 1 | 10,764 | 10,666 |
| Stage 2 | 12,687 | 13,652 |
| Stage 3 | 6,033 | 6,306 |
| By credit quality | ||
| Strong | 3,299 | 3,314 |
| Good | 7,818 | 8,225 |
| Satisfactory | 9,792 | 10,352 |
| Sub-standard | 2,542 | 2,427 |
| Credit impaired | 6,033 | 6,306 |
| At | 29,484 | 30,624 |
| Allowance for ECL | (1,158) | (1,077) |
The Hong Kong CRE portfolio (excluding exposure to mainland China borrowers) saw an increase in allowances for ECL in 1Q26, reflecting
continued weakness in property prices. However, credit migration to the ‘credit impaired’ category was significantly reduced in 1Q26.
Exposures in this category continued to be largely comprised of secured book, which represented 56% of the total portfolio (31 December
2025: 57%).
‘Sub-standard’ and ‘credit-impaired’ exposures decreased to $8.6bn (31 December 2025: $8.7bn), of which 94% was secured (31 December
2025: 95%). As at 28 February 2026, the weighted average loan to value (‘LTV’):
–of performing exposures rated ‘sub-standard’ was 44% (31 December 2025: 42%). There was immaterial exposure with an LTV of greater
than 70%, unchanged compared with 31 December 2025; and
–of ‘credit-impaired’ exposures was 75% (31 December 2025: 71%). Within this portfolio, $2.2bn had an LTV of greater than 70%
(31 December 2025: $1.9bn).
Collateral information and LTV calculations were based on total limits, inclusive of off-balance sheet commitments of $43.2bn as of 28 February
2026 (31 December 2025: $42.8bn).
The unsecured portfolio remains largely stable, with some migration within performing credit grades, with 89% of exposures rated ’strong‘ or
‘good’ (31 December 2025: 89%). ’Credit impaired‘ levels are limited. Unsecured exposures are typically granted to strong, listed Hong Kong
CRE developers, which are commonly members of conglomerate groups with diverse cash flows.
Market conditions continued to stabilise in the first quarter of 2026. However, pressure on valuations continues and liquidity remains tight,
particularly for mid-sized and sub-investment grade corporates. As the Middle East conflict continues, inflationary pressures and uncertainty over
the trajectory of interest rates will likely create negative sentiment and a potential softening of demand. Nevertheless, we continue to observe
positive momentum in the residential property sector as well as improved leasing activity in the retail property sector, underpinned by a recovery
of inbound tourism and improved consumer demand. Oversupply in the office property sector is likely to result in pressure on rents and capital
values in 2026, although the broader Hong Kong economy remains resilient.
We continue to closely assess and manage the risk in the portfolio, including through portfolio reviews and stress testing. Vulnerable borrowers,
including those with debt serviceability challenges and higher LTV levels, are subject to heightened monitoring and exposure management.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 48 |
Capital risk
Capital overview
| Capital and liquidity adequacy metrics | |
|---|---|
| 31 Dec 2025 | |
| Risk-weighted assets (‘RWAs‘) (bn) | |
| Credit risk | 687.0 |
| Counterparty credit risk | 42.4 |
| Market risk | 38.5 |
| Operational risk | 120.7 |
| Total risk-weighted assets | 888.6 |
| Capital (bn) | |
| Common equity tier 1 capital | 132.6 |
| Tier 1 capital | 153.4 |
| Total capital | 182.4 |
| Capital ratios (%) | |
| Common equity tier 1 ratio | 14.9 |
| Tier 1 ratio | 17.3 |
| Total capital ratio | 20.5 |
| Liquidity coverage ratio (‘LCR’) | |
| Total high-quality liquid assets (bn) | 702.1 |
| Total net cash outflow (bn) | 512.1 |
| LCR (%) | 137 |
All values are in US Dollars.
We refer to the UK Capital Requirements Regulation, the PRA Rulebook and any laws, regulations, requirements, rules, guidelines, standards
and policies relating to capital adequacy, leverage and liquidity adopted by the relevant regulators, as applicable, and which are applicable to
HSBC as the ‘Prudential rules’. Any references to European Union (’EU‘) regulations and directives (including technical standards) should, as
applicable, be read as references to the UK’s version of such regulation and/or directive, as onshored into UK law under the European Union
(Withdrawal) Act 2018 and as may be subsequently amended under UK law.
Capital figures and ratios in the previous table are calculated in accordance with the Prudential rules. Effective 1 January 2025, the IFRS 9
transitional arrangements came to an end, followed by the end of the UK Capital Requirements Regulation grandfathering provisions on 28 June
- Our capital figures are therefore the same, for both the transitional and end-point basis. The LCR is based on the average value of the
preceding 12 months.
Regulatory numbers and ratios are as presented at the date of reporting. Small changes may arise between these numbers and ratios and those
subsequently submitted in regulatory filings. Where differences are significant, we may restate in subsequent periods.
Capital
At 31 March 2026, our CET1 capital ratio decreased to 14.0% from 14.9% at 31 December 2025, driven by:
–a 1.1 percentage point decrease primarily due to the impact of strategic transactions, mainly the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank;
–a 0.2 percentage point decrease driven by higher RWAs excluding foreign exchange translation differences, mainly from asset size
movements, partly offset by asset quality, and methodology and policy changes;
–a 0.1 percentage point decrease mainly due to a fall in the fair value of hold-to-collect-and-sell debt instruments, following higher yields, and
the net impact from foreign exchange fluctuations; and
–a 0.5 percentage point increase in CET1 capital generation, mainly through regulatory profits net of dividends.
Our Pillar 2A requirement at 31 March 2026, as per the PRA’s Individual Capital Requirement based on a point-in-time assessment, was
equivalent to 2.5% of RWAs, of which 1.5% must be met by CET1. Throughout 1Q26, we complied with the PRA’s regulatory capital adequacy
requirement.
Leverage
| Leverage ratio | ||
|---|---|---|
| At | ||
| 31 Mar 2026 | 31 Dec 2025 | |
| $bn | $bn | |
| Tier 1 capital (leverage) | 146.2 | 153.4 |
| Total leverage ratio exposure | 2,947.0 | 2,877.1 |
| % | % | |
| Leverage ratio | 5.0 | 5.3 |
Our leverage ratio was 5.0% at 31 March 2026, down from 5.3% at 31 December 2025. The decrease in tier 1 capital led to a 0.2 percentage
point fall in the leverage ratio, which was compounded by a 0.1 percentage point increase in leverage exposures, primarily due to growth in the
balance sheet.
At 31 March 2026, our UK minimum leverage ratio requirement was 3.25%, with an additional buffer of 0.9% – comprising a 0.7% additional
leverage ratio buffer and a 0.2% countercyclical leverage ratio buffer. These buffers translated into capital values of $20.6bn and $5.9bn
respectively. We exceeded these leverage requirements throughout 1Q26.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 49 |
Risk-weighted assets
| RWAs by business segment | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB | Corporate<br><br>Centre | Total<br><br>RWAs | ||||||||||||
| $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | ||||||||||||
| Credit risk | 109.1 | 129.5 | 289.9 | 70.3 | 90.2 | 689.0 | |||||||||||
| Counterparty credit risk | 0.1 | 0.1 | 40.7 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 43.1 | |||||||||||
| Market risk | 0.1 | 0.1 | 25.5 | 0.2 | 6.2 | 32.1 | |||||||||||
| Operational risk | 23.7 | 21.5 | 62.3 | 17.3 | (5.2) | 119.6 | |||||||||||
| At 31 Mar 2026 | 133.0 | 151.2 | 418.4 | 88.5 | 92.7 | 883.8 | |||||||||||
| At 31 Dec 2025 | 136.2 | 149.6 | 415.4 | 89.9 | 97.5 | 888.6 | RWAs by legal entities1 | ||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank plc | The Hongkong<br><br>and Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Holding<br><br>companies, shared<br><br>service centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Total<br><br>RWAs | |||||||||
| $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | |||||||||
| Credit risk | 135.1 | 68.8 | 317.4 | 19.7 | 62.2 | 23.8 | 49.2 | 12.8 | 689.0 | ||||||||
| Counterparty credit risk | 0.3 | 24.2 | 11.1 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 2.2 | — | 43.1 | ||||||||
| Market risk2 | 0.3 | 26.9 | 18.5 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 32.1 | ||||||||
| Operational risk | 23.9 | 23.1 | 63.1 | 5.1 | 8.3 | 6.1 | 5.8 | (15.8) | 119.6 | ||||||||
| At 31 Mar 2026 | 159.6 | 143.0 | 410.1 | 29.2 | 77.4 | 31.0 | 59.0 | (2.9) | 883.8 | ||||||||
| At 31 Dec 2025 | 158.0 | 146.0 | 411.8 | 27.2 | 74.0 | 32.5 | 57.0 | 2.1 | 888.6 |
1Balances are on a third-party Group consolidated basis.
2Market risk RWAs are non-additive across the legal entities due to diversification effects within the Group.
| RWA movement by legal entities by key driver1 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit risk, counterparty credit risk and operational risk | |||||||||||||||||||
| HSBC UK<br><br>Bank plc | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>plc2 | The Hongkong<br><br>and Shanghai<br><br>Banking<br><br>Corporation<br><br>Limited2 | HSBC<br><br>Bank<br><br>Middle<br><br>East<br><br>Limited | HSBC<br><br>North<br><br>America<br><br>Holdings<br><br>Inc | Grupo<br><br>Financiero<br><br>HSBC, S.A.<br><br>de C.V. | Other<br><br>trading<br><br>entities | Holding<br><br>companies, shared<br><br>service centres and<br><br>intra-Group<br><br>eliminations | Market<br><br>risk | Total<br><br>RWAs | ||||||||||
| $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | ||||||||||
| RWAs at 1 Jan 2026 | 157.9 | 121.1 | 392.9 | 24.8 | 71.2 | 31.9 | 54.9 | (4.6) | 38.5 | 888.6 | |||||||||
| Asset size | 2.6 | (0.2) | 6.6 | 1.2 | 2.4 | (1.4) | 3.3 | 0.5 | (6.3) | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Asset quality | 1.0 | 0.2 | (4.9) | — | 0.9 | (0.1) | (0.2) | — | — | (3.1) | |||||||||
| Model updates | 0.1 | — | (0.5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | (0.4) | |||||||||
| Methodology and policy | (0.4) | (2.4) | 0.6 | (0.2) | (0.2) | — | — | 1.2 | (0.1) | (1.5) | |||||||||
| Acquisitions and disposals2 | — | (1.5) | (2.0) | — | — | — | — | — | — | (3.5) | |||||||||
| Foreign exchange movements3 | (1.9) | (1.1) | (1.1) | — | (0.1) | 0.1 | (0.8) | (0.1) | — | (5.0) | |||||||||
| Total RWA movement | 1.4 | (5.0) | (1.3) | 1.0 | 3.0 | (1.4) | 2.3 | 1.6 | (6.4) | (4.8) | |||||||||
| RWAs at 31 Mar 2026 | 159.3 | 116.1 | 391.6 | 25.8 | 74.2 | 30.5 | 57.2 | (3.0) | 32.1 | 883.8 | RWA movement by business segment by key driver | ||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||||||||||
| Credit risk, counterparty credit risk and operational risk | Market<br><br>risk | Total<br><br>RWAs | |||||||||||||||||
| Hong<br><br>Kong | UK | CIB | IWPB2 | Corporate<br><br>Centre2 | |||||||||||||||
| $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | $bn | |||||||||||||
| RWAs at 1 Jan 2026 | 135.6 | 149.6 | 390.9 | 89.6 | 84.4 | 38.5 | 888.6 | ||||||||||||
| Asset size | 1.1 | 2.5 | 8.1 | 0.1 | 3.2 | (6.3) | 8.7 | ||||||||||||
| Asset quality | (3.5) | 0.8 | (0.1) | (0.3) | — | — | (3.1) | ||||||||||||
| Model updates | (0.5) | 0.1 | — | — | — | — | (0.4) | ||||||||||||
| Methodology and policy | 0.8 | (0.2) | (2.8) | 0.4 | 0.4 | (0.1) | (1.5) | ||||||||||||
| Acquisitions and disposals2 | — | — | (0.9) | (1.0) | (1.6) | — | (3.5) | ||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange movements3 | (0.6) | (1.7) | (2.3) | (0.5) | 0.1 | — | (5.0) | ||||||||||||
| Total RWA movement | (2.7) | 1.5 | 2.0 | (1.3) | 2.1 | (6.4) | (4.8) | ||||||||||||
| RWAs at 31 Mar 2026 | 132.9 | 151.1 | 392.9 | 88.3 | 86.5 | 32.1 | 883.8 |
1Balances are on a third-party Group consolidated basis.
2Includes changes in the allocation of $0.5bn significant investment RWAs from HSBC Bank plc to The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited,
following the disposal of the UK life insurance business.
3Credit risk foreign exchange movements in this disclosure are computed by retranslating RWAs into US dollars based on the underlying transactional currencies,
and other movements in the table are presented on a constant currency basis.
Overall, RWAs decreased by $4.8bn during 1Q26, primarily due to a decline in market risk RWAs, foreign currency translation differences,
strategic transactions and asset quality movements, partly offset by increased corporate lending.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 50 |
Asset size
Asset size increased by $8.7bn, of which $15.0bn related to credit risk asset size, largely driven by higher corporate lending in our CIB and UK
businesses, and in SAB within Corporate Centre.
Market risk RWAs decreased by $6.3bn, largely driven by approximately $7bn from the reversal of foreign exchange (‘FX’) hedges associated
with the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank, partly offset by other movements in FX positions.
Asset quality
The $3.1bn decrease in RWAs was primarily due to credit quality improvements and portfolio mix changes mainly in our Hong Kong business,
partly offset by credit risk migrations and portfolio mix changes in our UK business.
Model updates
The decrease of $0.4bn in RWAs was primarily driven by the implementation of a model for Hong Kong mortgages.
Methodology and policy
The $1.5bn decrease in RWAs was primarily due to credit risk parameter changes, including methodology changes to our undrawn exposures
within the CIB business. This was partly offset by risk parameter updates in our Hong Kong business.
Acquisitions and disposals
RWAs decreased by $3.5bn as a result of increased threshold deductions from CET1 capital due to the privatisation of Hang Seng Bank and the
sale of our business in South Africa.
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 51 |
Additional information
Dividends
Fourth interim dividend for 2025
On 25 February 2026, the Directors approved a fourth interim dividend for 2025 of $0.45 per ordinary share, which was paid on 30 April 2026 in
cash. The pound sterling and Hong Kong dollar amounts of approximately £0.333016 and HK$3.522942 were calculated using the forward
exchange rates quoted by HSBC Bank plc in London at or about 11.00am on 20 April 2026.
First interim dividend for 2026
On 5 May 2026, the Directors approved a first interim dividend in respect of the financial year ending 31 December 2026 of $0.10 per ordinary
share (the ‘dividend‘), an expected distribution of approximately $1.72bn. The dividend will be payable on 26 June 2026 to holders of record on
the Principal Register in the UK, the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register or the Bermuda Overseas Branch Register on 15 May 2026.
The dividend will be payable in US dollars, or in pounds sterling or Hong Kong dollars at the forward exchange rates quoted by HSBC Bank plc in
London at or about 11.00am local time on 15 June 2026. The ordinary shares in London, Hong Kong and Bermuda will be quoted ex-dividend on
14 May 2026. American Depositary Shares (’ADSs‘) in New York will be quoted ex-dividend on 15 May 2026.
The default currency on the Principal Register in the UK is pounds sterling, and dividends can also be paid in Hong Kong dollars or US dollars, or
a combination of these currencies. International shareholders can register to join the Global Dividend Service to receive dividends in their local
currencies. Please register and read the terms and conditions at www.investorcentre.co.uk. UK shareholders can also register their pounds
sterling bank mandates at www.investorcentre.co.uk.
The default currency on the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register is Hong Kong dollars, and dividends can also be paid in US dollars or pounds
sterling, or a combination of these currencies. Shareholders can arrange for direct credit of Hong Kong dollar cash dividends into their bank
account, or arrange to send US dollar or pounds sterling cheques to the credit of their bank account. Shareholders can register for these
services at www.investorcentre.com/hk. Shareholders can also download a dividend currency election form from www.hsbc.com/dividends,
www.investorcentre.com/hk, or www.hkexnews.hk.
The default currency on the Bermuda Overseas Branch Register is US dollars, and dividends can also be paid in Hong Kong dollars or pounds
sterling, or a combination of these currencies. Shareholders can change their dividend currency election by contacting the Bermuda investor
relations team. Shareholders can download a dividend currency election form from www.hsbc.com/dividends.
Changes to currency elections must be received by 10 June 2026 to be effective for this dividend.
The dividend will be payable on ADSs, each of which represents five ordinary shares, on 26 June 2026 to holders of record on 15 May 2026.
The dividend of $0.50 per ADS will be payable by the depositary in US dollars. Alternatively, the cash dividend may be invested in additional
ADSs by participants in the dividend reinvestment plan operated by the depositary. Elections must be received by 5 June 2026.
Any person who has acquired ordinary shares registered on the Principal Register in the UK, the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register or the
Bermuda Overseas Branch Register but who has not lodged the share transfer with the Principal Registrar in the UK, Hong Kong Overseas
Branch Registrar or Bermuda Overseas Branch Registrar should do so before 4.00pm local time on 15 May 2026 in order to receive the
dividend.
Ordinary shares may not be removed from or transferred to the Principal Register in the UK, the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register or the
Bermuda Overseas Branch Register on 15 May 2026. Any person wishing to remove ordinary shares to or from each register must do so before
4.00pm local time on 14 May 2026.
Transfers of ADSs must be lodged with the depositary by 11.00am local time on 15 May 2026 in order to receive the dividend. ADS holders who
receive a cash dividend will be charged a fee, which will be deducted by the depositary, of $0.005 per ADS per cash dividend.
Dividend on preference shares
A quarterly dividend of £0.01 per Series A sterling preference share is payable on 16 March, 15 June, 15 September and 15 December 2026 for
the quarter then ended at the sole and absolute discretion of the Board of HSBC Holdings plc. Accordingly, the Board of HSBC Holdings plc has
approved a quarterly dividend to be payable on 15 June 2026 to holders of record on 29 May 2026.
For and on behalf of
HSBC Holdings plc
Angela McEntee
Group Company Secretary
The Board of Directors of HSBC Holdings plc as at the date of this announcement comprises: Brendan Robert Nelson*, Georges Bahjat
Elhedery, Geraldine Joyce Buckingham†, Wei Sun Christianson†, Rachel Duan†, Dame Carolyn Julie Fairbairn†, James Anthony Forese†, Ann
Frances Godbehere†, Steven Craig Guggenheimer†, Manveen (Pam) Kaur, Dr José Antonio Meade Kuribreña†, Kalpana Jaisingh Morparia†, Eileen
K Murray† and Swee Lian Teo†.
*Independent non-executive Chairman
†Independent non-executive Director
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K |
|---|
| 52 |
Investor relations/media relations contacts
For further information contact:
| Investor relations | Media relations |
|---|---|
| UK – Alastair Ryan | UK – HSBC Group Press Office |
| Telephone: +44 (0)7468 703 010 | Telephone: +44 (0)20 7991 8096 |
| Email: investorrelations@hsbc.com | Email: pressoffice@hsbc.com |
| Hong Kong – Yafei Tian | Hong Kong – Aman Ullah |
| Telephone: +852 2899 8909 | Telephone: +852 3941 1120 |
| Email: investorrelations@hsbc.com.hk | Email: aspmediarelations@hsbc.com.hk |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |
| --- | |
| 53 |
Abbreviations
| 1Q25 | First quarter of 2025 |
|---|---|
| 1Q26 | First quarter of 2026 |
| 2Q26 | Second quarter of 2026 |
| 4Q25 | Fourth quarter of 2025 |
| ADR | American Depositary Receipt |
| ADS | American Depositary Share |
| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| AIEA | Average interest-earning assets |
| Banking NII | Banking net interest income |
| BoCom | Bank of Communications Co., Limited, one of China’s largest banks |
| BoE | Bank of England |
| Bps | Basis points. One basis point is equal to one-hundredth of a percentage point |
| CET1 | Common equity tier 1 |
| CIB | Corporate and Institutional Banking, a business segment |
| CODM | Chief Operating Decision Maker |
| Corporate Centre | Corporate Centre comprises Central Treasury, our legacy businesses, interests in our associates and joint ventures, central stewardship<br><br>costs and consolidation adjustments |
| CRE | Commercial real estate |
| CSM | Contractual service margin |
| Dec | December |
| ECL | Expected credit losses. In the income statement, ECL is recorded as a change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges. In<br><br>the balance sheet, ECL is recorded as an allowance for financial instruments to which only the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied |
| ECM | Equity capital markets |
| ESG | Environmental, social and governance |
| EU | European Union |
| FVOCI | Fair value through other comprehensive income |
| FX | Foreign exchange |
| GAAP | Generally accepted accounting principles |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GPS | Global Payments Solutions |
| Group | HSBC Holdings together with its subsidiary undertakings |
| GTS | Global Trade Solutions |
| Hang Seng Bank | Hang Seng Bank Limited, one of Hong Kong's largest banks |
| Hibor | Hong Kong interbank offered rate |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China |
| HSBC | HSBC Holdings together with its subsidiary undertakings |
| HSBC Bank plc | HSBC Bank plc, also known as the non-ring-fenced bank |
| HSBC Holdings | HSBC Holdings plc, the parent company of HSBC |
| HSBC UK | HSBC UK Bank plc, also known as the ring-fenced bank |
| IAS | International Accounting Standards |
| Ibor | Interbank offered rate |
| IFRS Accounting<br><br>Standards | International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board |
| IWPB | International Wealth and Premier Banking, a business segment |
| LCR | Liquidity coverage ratio |
| Long term | For our financial targets, we define long term as five to six years, commencing 1 January 2026 |
| LTV | Loan to value |
| Mainland China | People’s Republic of China excluding Hong Kong and Macau |
| Mar | March |
| Medium term | For our financial targets, we define medium term as three to five years, commencing 1 January 2026 |
| Net operating income | Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as revenue |
| NII | Net interest income |
| NIM | Net interest margin |
| NNM | Net new money |
| PD | Probability of default |
| POCI | Purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets |
| PRA | Prudential Regulation Authority (UK) |
| Prudential rules | Refers to the UK Capital Requirements Regulation, the PRA Rulebook and any laws, regulations, requirements, rules, guidelines,<br><br>standards and policies relating to capital adequacy, leverage and liquidity adopted by the relevant regulators, as applicable, and which<br><br>are applicable to HSBC |
| Revenue | Net operating income before change in ECL |
| RoE | Return on average ordinary shareholders’ equity |
| RoTE | Return on average tangible equity |
| RWA | Risk-weighted asset |
| SAB | Saudi Awwal Bank, which was formed from the merger between The Saudi British Bank and Alawwal Bank |
| UAE | United Arab Emirates |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| UK Capital Requirements<br><br>Regulation | Refers to Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013, as amended or supplemented, as it forms part of domestic law in the UK by virtue of the<br><br>European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, as amended |
| US | United States of America |
| $m/$bn/$tn | United States dollar millions/billions/trillions. We report in US dollars |
| HSBC Holdings plc Earnings Release 1Q26 on Form 6-K | |
| --- | |
| 54 |
Registered office and Group head office: 8 Canada Square, London, E14 5HQ, United Kingdom
Web: www.hsbc.com
Incorporated in England and Wales with limited liability.
Registration number 617987
Paste the following link into your web browser, to view the associated Data Pack PDF
http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/9920C_1-2026-5-5.pdf
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Date: May 5, 2026 | HSBC Holdings plc | |
|---|---|---|
| By: | /s/ Manveen (Pam) Kaur | |
| Name: | Manveen (Pam) Kaur | |
| Title: | Group Chief Financial Officer |