JOINT Corp 10-Q for FY2025 Q1
JOINT Corp (JYNT)
10-Q
2025-05-09
For: 2025-03-31
View Original
Added on
April 11, 2026
About this 10-Q
JOINT Corp filed this 10-Q on May 9, 2025, covering the quarter ended March 31, 2025 (FY2025 Q1).
Headline figures
Quarter ended March 31, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $13.08M
- up 7.3% from $12.18M a year earlier
- Net income
- $801.43K
- down 15.4% from net income of $946.98K a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $0.05
- down 16.7% from $0.06 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from __________________ to _________________
Commission file number: 001-36724
The Joint Corp .
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) | ||||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||
(480 ) 245-5960
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
The | ||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | ☑ | ||||||||||||
| Non- accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of May 5, 2025, the registrant had 15,302,772 shares of Common Stock ($0.001 par value) outstanding.
THE JOINT CORP.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE NO. | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024 | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Income Statements for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | ||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited) | ||||||||
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, especially in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis or MD&A, contains forward-looking statements and information within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included or incorporated in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q could be deemed forward-looking statements, particularly statements about our plans, strategies and prospects under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “intend,” “seek,” “strive,” or the negative of these terms, “mission,” “goal,” “objective,” or “strategy,” or other comparable terminology. All forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made based on our current expectations, forecasts, estimates and assumptions and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause results or events to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider various factors, uncertainties and risks that could affect our future results or operations as described from time to time in our SEC reports, including those risks outlined under “Risk Factors” which are contained in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and in Part II, Item 1A of this or any subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. These factors, uncertainties and risks may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should carefully consider the trends, risks and uncertainties described below and other information contained in the reports we file with or furnish to the SEC before making any investment decision with respect to our securities. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, other than in accordance with legal and regulatory obligations. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
The specific forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include the following:
•our plan to continue our rapid and franchised-focused expansion of chiropractic clinics in key markets throughout North America, and potentially abroad, as we seek to be the leading provider of chiropractic care in the markets we serve and to become the most recognized brand in our industry;
•our belief that our monthly performance reports from our system and our clinics include key performance indicators per clinic, including gross sales, comparable same-store sales growth, or “Comp Sales,” number of new patients, conversion percentage and membership attrition;
•our plan to refranchise or sell the full portfolio of our company-owned or managed clinics, which refined strategy will leverage our greatest strength - our capacity to build a franchise - to drive long-term growth for both our franchisees and The Joint as a public company;
•our plan to continue to leverage the power of the regional developer program to accelerate the number of clinics sold, and eventually opened, across the country;
•our belief that we continue to have a sound business concept and will benefit from the fundamental changes taking place in the manner in which Americans access chiropractic care and their growing interest in seeking effective, affordable natural solutions for general wellness;
•our belief that these trends join with the preference we have seen among chiropractic doctors to reject the insurance-based model resulting in a combination that benefits the consumer and the service provider alike, and our belief that these forces create an important opportunity to accelerate the growth of our network;
•our belief that recent events that may impact our business include unfavorable global economic or political conditions, such as uncertainties that come with changes to the presidential administration, labor shortages, and inflation and other cost increases;
•our anticipation that 2025 will continue to be a volatile macroeconomic environment;
•our belief that we have created a robust framework for the refranchising effort, organizing clinics into clusters, and generating comprehensive disclosure packets for marketing efficiency, and that we have received significant interest to date from our existing franchisees;
•our goal to generate significant processes that will provide us with value creating capital allocation opportunities, which opportunities could include, but are not limited to, reinvestment in the brand and related marketing, continued investment in our IT platforms, the repurchase of regional development ("RD") territories, certain merger or acquisition opportunities and/or a stock repurchase program;
•our belief that our operating results may fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of factors, including the timing of new clinic sales, openings, closures, markets in which they are contained and related expenses, general economic conditions, cost inflation, labor shortages, consumer confidence in the economy, consumer preferences, competitive factors, and disease epidemics and other health-related concerns;
•our belief that our existing cash and cash equivalents, our anticipated cash flows from operations and amounts available under our line of credit will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating and investment needs for at least the next 12 months;
•our belief that we have adequate capital resources and sufficient access to external financing sources to satisfy our current and reasonably anticipated requirements for funds to conduct our operations and meet other needs in the ordinary course of our business; and
•our expectation that for the remainder of 2025, we expect to use or redeploy our cash resources to support our business within the context of prevailing market conditions, which, given the ongoing uncertainties described above, could rapidly and materially deteriorate or otherwise change.
Some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
•the nationwide labor shortage has negatively impacted our ability to recruit chiropractors and other qualified personnel, which may limit our growth strategy, and the measures we have taken in response to the labor shortage have reduced our net revenues;
•inflation leading to increased labor costs and interest rates, as well as changes to import tariffs, may lead to reduced discretionary spending, all of which may negatively impact our business;
•we may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy if our franchisees are unable to locate and secure appropriate sites for clinic locations, obtain favorable lease terms, and attract patients to our clinics;
•we have limited experience operating company-owned or managed clinics in those geographic areas where we currently have few or no clinics, and we may not be able to duplicate the success of some of our franchisees;
•short-selling strategies and negative opinions posted on the internet may drive down the market price of our common stock and could result in class action lawsuits;
•we may fail to successfully design and maintain our proprietary and third-party management information systems or implement new systems;
•we may fail to properly maintain the integrity of our data or to strategically implement, upgrade or consolidate existing information systems;
•we may not be able to continue to sell franchises to qualified franchisees, and our franchisees may not succeed in developing profitable territories and clinics;
•new clinics may not reach the point of profitability, and we may not be able to maintain or improve revenues and franchise fees from existing franchised clinics;
•the chiropractic industry is highly competitive, with many well-established independent competitors, which could prevent us from increasing our market share or result in reduction in our market share;
•state administrative actions and rulings regarding the corporate practice of chiropractic and prepayment of chiropractic services may jeopardize our business model;
•expected new federal regulations and state laws and regulations regarding joint employer responsibility could negatively impact the franchise business model, increasing our potential liability for employment law violations by our franchisees and the likelihood that we may be required to participate in collective bargaining with our franchisees’ employees;
•an increased regulatory focus on the establishment of fair franchise practices could increase our risk of liability in disputes with franchisees and the risk of enforcement actions and penalties;
•negative publicity or damage to our reputation, which could arise from concerns expressed by opponents of chiropractic and by chiropractors operating under traditional service models, could adversely impact our operations and financial position;
•our IT security systems and those of our third-party service providers (as recently experienced by one of our marketing vendors) may be breached, and we may face civil liability and public perception of our security measures could be diminished, either of which would negatively affect our ability to attract and retain patients; and
•legislation and regulations, as well as new medical procedures and techniques, could reduce or eliminate our competitive advantages.
Additionally, there may be other risks that are otherwise described from time to time in the reports that we file with the SEC. Any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be considered in light of various important factors, including the risks and uncertainties listed above, as well as others.
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THE JOINT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY AND AFFILIATES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | (unaudited) | ||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||||
| Deferred franchise and regional development costs, current portion | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
Discontinued operations current assets ($ | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | |||||||||||
| Deferred franchise and regional development costs, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Deposits and other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses | |||||||||||
| Co-op funds liability | |||||||||||
| Payroll liabilities | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liability, current portion | |||||||||||
| Deferred franchise fee revenue, current portion | |||||||||||
| Upfront regional developer fees, current portion | |||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | |||||||||||
Discontinued operations current liabilities ($ | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liability, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Deferred franchise fee revenue, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Upfront regional developer fees, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | |||||||||||
| Stockholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Series A preferred stock, $ | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
1
Treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total The Joint Corp. stockholders' equity | |||||||||||
| Non-controlling Interest | |||||||||||
| Total equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
THE JOINT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY AND AFFILIATES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalty fees | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising fund revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and regional development cost of revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| IT cost of revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling and marketing expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss (gain) on disposition or impairment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before income tax expense | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic weighted average shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
THE JOINT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY AND AFFILIATES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(unaudited)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid In Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Deficit | Total The Joint Corp. stockholders' equity | Non-controlling interest | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures | ( | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of treasury stock under employee stock plans | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2025 (unaudited) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid In Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Deficit | Total The Joint Corp. stockholders' equity | Non-controlling interest | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures | ( | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of treasury stock under employee stock plans | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2024 (unaudited) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
THE JOINT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY AND AFFILIATES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Net loss on disposition or impairment (non-cash portion) | |||||||||||
| Net franchise fees recognized upon termination of franchise agreements | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Deferred franchise costs | |||||||||||
| Deposits and other assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Assets and liabilities held for sale, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ( | ||||||||||
| Payroll liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Operating leases | ( | ||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Upfront regional developer fees | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of clinics | |||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Payments of finance lease obligation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Purchases of treasury stock under employee stock plans | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options | |||||||||||
| Repayment of debt under the Credit Agreement | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: | March 31, 2025 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
5
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
The following table represents supplemental cash flow disclosures and non-cash investing and financing activities:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash paid (received) for: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activity: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unpaid purchases of property and equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
THE JOINT CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY AND AFFILIATES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1: Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
These unaudited financial statements represent the condensed consolidated financial statements of The Joint Corp. (“The Joint”), which includes its variable interest entities (“VIEs”), and its wholly owned subsidiary, The Joint Corporate Unit No. 1, LLC (collectively, the “Company”). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Such unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commissions (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with The Joint Corp. and Subsidiary and Affiliates consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as set forth in The Joint’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 14, 2025, which included all disclosures required by GAAP. The results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, are not necessarily indicative of expected operating results for the full year. The information presented throughout the document as of and for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, is unaudited.
The results of operations of the corporate clinic segment are reported in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense in its consolidated income statement for all periods presented and the related assets and liabilities associated with discontinued operations are classified as discontinued operation assets and liabilities, current and noncurrent, in the consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The consolidated statement of cash flows includes cash flows related to the discontinued operations and accordingly, cash flow amounts for discontinued operations are disclosed in Note 3, Divestitures. All results and information in the consolidated financial statements are presented as continuing operations and exclude the corporate clinic segment unless otherwise noted specifically as discontinued operations. For additional information, refer to Note 3, Divestitures.
Principles of Consolidation
Comprehensive Income
Net income was the same as comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.
Nature of Operations
The Joint Corp., a Delaware corporation, was formed on March 10, 2010, for the principal purpose of franchising and developing chiropractic clinics, selling regional developer rights, supporting the operations of franchised chiropractic clinics, and operating and managing corporate chiropractic clinics at locations throughout the United States. The franchising of chiropractic clinics is regulated by the Federal Trade Commission and various state authorities.
7
The following table summarizes the number of clinics in operation under franchise agreements and as company-owned or managed clinics for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchised clinics: | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinics open at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opened during the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired during the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sold during the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed during the period | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinics in operation at the end of the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Company-owned or managed clinics: | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinics open at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opened during the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired during the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sold during the period | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed during the period | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinics in operation at the end of the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total clinics in operation at the end of the period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinic licenses sold but not yet developed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Future clinic licenses subject to executed letters of intent | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Interest Entities
Certain states prohibit the “corporate practice of chiropractic,” which restricts business corporations from practicing chiropractic care by exercising control over clinical decisions by chiropractic doctors. In states that prohibit the corporate practice of chiropractic, the Company typically enters into long-term management agreements with professional corporations (“PCs”) that are owned by licensed chiropractic doctors, which, in turn, employ or contract with doctors who provide professional chiropractic care in its clinics. Under these management agreements with PCs, the Company provides, on an exclusive basis, all non-clinical services of the chiropractic practice. The Company has entered into such management agreements with four PCs. If an entity is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the entity is required to consolidate the VIE in its financial statements. An entity is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it has both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb the majority of losses of the VIE or the right to receive the majority of benefits from the VIE. In accordance with relevant accounting guidance, these PCs were determined to be VIEs, as fees paid by the PCs to the Company as its management service provider are considered variable interests because the fees do not meet all the following criteria: (1) the fees are compensation for services provided and are commensurate with the level of effort required to provide those services; (2) the decision maker or service provider does not hold other interests in the VIE that individually, or in the aggregate, would absorb more than an insignificant amount of the VIE’s expected losses or receive more than an insignificant amount of the VIE’s expected residual returns; and (3) the service arrangement includes only terms, conditions, or amounts that are customarily present in arrangements for similar services negotiated at arm’s length. Additionally, the Company has determined that it has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of these PCs and has an obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits which could potentially be significant to the PCs. Accordingly, the PCs are VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary and are consolidated by the Company.
The revenues of VIEs represent the revenues of company-managed clinics in states that prohibit the corporate practice of chiropractic. The Company’s involvement with VIEs affects its financial performance and cash flows primarily through amounts recorded as revenues from company-owned or managed clinics and general and administrative expenses, which are principally
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comprised of payroll and related expenses, merchant card fees and insurance expense, all of which are reported in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense in its consolidated income statement. The management fees/income provided by the management agreements are considered intercompany transactions and therefore eliminated upon consolidation of VIEs.
VIE net income (including the management fee) of $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively, is included in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense and income tax expense from discontinued operations in the consolidated income statements as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations before income tax | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense from discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities is included in discontinued operations as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Discontinued operations current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Discontinued operations current liabilities | |||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash relates to cash that franchisees and company-owned or managed clinics contribute to the Company’s National Marketing Fund and cash that franchisees provide to various voluntary regional Co-Op Marketing Funds. Cash contributed by franchisees to the National Marketing Fund is to be used in accordance with the Company’s Franchise Disclosure Document with a focus on regional and national marketing and advertising. While such cash balance is not legally segregated and restricted as to withdrawal or usage, the Company’s accounting policy is to classify these funds as restricted cash.
Accounts Receivable
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The following table provides a reconciliation of the activity related to the Company’s accounts receivable allowance for credit losses:
| Accounts receivable allowance for credit losses | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||
| Bad debt expense recognized during the year | |||||
| Write-off of uncollectible amounts | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
| Bad debt expense recognized during the year | |||||
| Write-off of uncollectible amounts | |||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||
Property and Equipment
Leases
The Company leases property and equipment under operating and finance leases. The Company leases its corporate office space and the space for each of the company-owned or managed clinics in the portfolio. The Company recognizes a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liability for all leases. The lease for its corporate office space is recognized as a ROU and lease liability in its consolidated balance sheet as continuing operations while all other leases for each of the company-owned or managed clinics are reported in discontinued operations. Certain leases include one or more renewal options, generally for the same period as the initial term of the lease. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at the Company’s sole discretion and, as such, the Company typically determines that exercise of these renewal options is not reasonably certain. As a result, the Company does not include the renewal option period in the expected lease term and the associated lease payments are not included in the measurement of the ROU asset and lease liability. When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments; however, the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for substantially all of its leases. In such cases, the Company estimates its incremental borrowing rate as the interest rate it would pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments over a similar term, with similar collateral as in the lease and in a similar economic environment. The Company estimates these rates using available evidence such as rates imposed by third-party lenders to the Company in recent financings or observable risk-free interest rate and credit spreads for commercial debt of a similar duration, with credit spreads correlating to the Company’s estimated creditworthiness.
For operating leases that include rent holidays and rent escalation clauses, the Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term from the date it takes possession of the leased property. Pre-opening costs are recorded as incurred in general and administrative expenses. Variable lease payments, such as percentage rentals based on location sales, periodic adjustments for inflation, reimbursement of real estate taxes, any variable common area maintenance and any other variable costs associated with the leased corporate office space are expensed as incurred in general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated income statements. Any variable costs associated with the leased property for company-owned or managed clinics are expensed as incurred and are included in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense in its consolidated income statement.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, certain leases related to discontinued operations were terminated early with the landlord as a result of corporate clinic closures. The net losses to terminate the leases were recorded in Income from discontinued
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operations before income tax in its condensed consolidated income statement of $0.2 million. No leases were terminated during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Long-Lived Assets
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, property and equipment, net related to asset groups determined to not be recoverable were written down from their carrying values to their respective fair values resulting in the following non-cash impairment losses:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value | Fair Value | Net loss on disposition or impairment related to discontinued operations | |||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Total Net loss on disposition or impairment related to discontinued operations | $ | ||||||||||||||||
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loss on disposal, which is included in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense in its condensed consolidated income statement as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss on disposition or impairment related to discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
A valuation allowance of $8.9 million and $7.7 million as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively, are included in Discontinued operations current assets on its condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The following table shows a reconciliation of the Company’s impairment losses and disposal gains and losses recorded in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on long-lived assets held for use | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on assets held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss (gain) on sale of assets | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net loss on disposition or impairment related to discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Recognition
The Company generates revenue primarily through company-owned or managed clinics and through royalties, franchise fees, advertising fund contributions, IT-related income and computer software fees from its franchisees.
Revenues from Company-Owned or Managed Clinics. The Company earns revenues from clinics that it owns and operates or manages throughout the United States. Revenues from clinics that the Company owns and operates are recognized when services are performed and are related to discontinued operations. The Company offers a variety of membership and wellness packages, which feature discounted pricing as compared with its single-visit pricing. Amounts collected in advance for membership and wellness packages are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized when the service is performed. Any unused visits associated with monthly memberships are recognized on a month-to-month basis. The Company recognizes a contract liability (or a deferred revenue liability) related to the prepaid treatment plans for which the Company has an ongoing performance obligation. The Company derecognizes this contract liability and recognizes revenue, as the patient consumes his or her visits related to the package and the Company transfers its services. If the Company determines that it is not subject to unclaimed property laws for the portion of wellness package that it does not expect to be redeemed (referred to as “breakage”), then it recognizes breakage revenue in proportion to the pattern of exercised rights by the patient.
Royalties and Advertising Fund Revenue. The Company collects royalties as stipulated in the franchise agreement, equal to 7 % of gross sales and a marketing and advertising fee currently equal to 2 % of gross sales. Royalties, including franchisee contributions to advertising funds, are calculated as a percentage of clinic sales over the term of the franchise agreement. The revenue accounting standard provides an exception for the recognition of sales-based royalties promised in exchange for a license (which generally requires a reporting entity to estimate the amount of variable consideration to which it will be entitled in the transaction price). As the franchise agreement royalties, inclusive of advertising fund contributions, represent sales-based royalties that are related entirely to the Company’s performance obligation under the franchise agreement, such sales-based royalties are recognized as franchisee clinic level sales occur. Royalties are collected semi-monthly, two working days after each sales period has ended.
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Franchise Fees. The Company requires the entire non-refundable initial franchise fee to be paid upon execution of a franchise agreement, which typically has an initial term of 10 years. Initial franchise fees are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement. The Company’s services under the franchise agreement include training of franchisees and staff, site selection, construction/vendor management and ongoing operations support. The Company provides no financing to franchisees and offers no guarantees on their behalf. The services provided by the Company are highly interrelated with the franchise license and as such are considered to represent a single performance obligation. Renewal franchise fees, as well as transfer fees, are also recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective franchise agreement.
Software Fees. The Company collects a monthly fee from its franchisees for use of its proprietary chiropractic software, computer support and internet services support. These fees are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective franchise agreement.
Capitalized Sales Commissions. Sales commissions earned by the regional developers and the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a franchise agreement with a franchisee. These costs are deferred and then amortized as the respective franchise fees are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement.
Regional Developer Fees
The Company has a regional developer program where regional developers are granted an exclusive geographical territory and commit to a minimum development obligation within that defined territory. Upon receiving exclusive rights to develop a territory, a regional developer will pay an upfront fee to the Company. Upfront regional developer fees represent consideration received from a vendor to act as the Company’s agent within an exclusive territory. The upfront regional developer fee is accounted for as a reduction of cost of revenues, in franchise and regional development cost of revenues, to offset the respective future commissions paid to the regional developer. The fees are ratably recognized over the term of the related regional developer agreement.
Regional Developer Rights Contract Termination Costs
From time to time, subject to the Company’s strategy, regional developer rights are reacquired by the Company, resulting in a termination of the contract. The termination costs to reacquire the regional developer rights are recognized at fair value, less any unrecognized upfront regional developer fee liability balance, as a general and administrative expense in the period in which the contract is terminated in accordance with the contract terms and are recorded within general and administrative expenses.
Advertising Costs
Income Taxes
Income tax expense during interim periods is based on applying an estimated annual effective income tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income, plus any significant unusual or infrequently occurring items that are recorded in the interim period. The computation of the annual estimated effective tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and significant judgment including, but
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not limited to, the expected pre-tax income for the year and permanent differences. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, more experience is obtained, additional information becomes known or the tax environment changes.
Earnings (loss) per Common Share
Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common shares including restricted stock and stock options.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unvested restricted stock and stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic (loss) income earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted (loss) income earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for share-based payments by recognizing compensation expense based upon the estimated fair value of the awards on the date of grant. The Company determines the estimated grant-date fair value of restricted shares using the closing price on the date of the grant and the grant-date fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. In order to calculate the fair value of the options, certain assumptions are made regarding the components of the model, including risk-free interest rate, volatility, expected dividend yield and expected option life. Changes to the assumptions could cause significant adjustments to the valuation. The Company recognizes compensation costs ratably over the period of service using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are estimated based on historical and forecasted turnover, which is approximately 5 %.
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Loss Contingencies
ASC Topic 450 governs the disclosure of loss contingencies and accrual of loss contingencies in respect of litigation and other claims. The Company records an accrual for a potential loss when it is probable that a loss will occur and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. When the reasonable estimate of the potential loss is within a range of amounts, the minimum of the range of potential loss is accrued, unless a higher amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range. Moreover, even if an accrual is not required, the Company provides additional disclosure related to litigation and other claims when it is reasonably possible (i.e., more than remote) that the outcomes of such litigation and other claims include potential material adverse impacts on the Company. Legal costs to be incurred in connection with a loss contingency are expensed as such costs are incurred.
Use of Estimates
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted and Not Yet Adopted
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities with a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by this standard and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280 on an interim and annual basis, including new requirements to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and included within the reported measure(s) of a segment's profit or loss, the amount and composition of any other segment items, the title and position of the CODM and how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of a segment’s profit or loss to assess performance and decide how to allocate resources. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024, applied retrospectively with early adoption permitted. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2024. There was no material effect on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires public entities to provide greater disaggregation within their annual rate reconciliation, including new requirements to present reconciling items on a gross basis in specified categories, disclose both percentages and dollar amounts and disaggregate individual reconciling items by jurisdiction and nature when the effect of the items meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance also requires disaggregating the annual disclosure of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, by federal (national), state and foreign taxes, with separate presentation of individual jurisdictions that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”) and in January 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-01, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date, which clarified the effective date of ASU 2024-03. ASU 2024-03 will require the Company to disclose the amounts of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and intangible asset amortization, as applicable, included in certain expense captions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, as well as qualitatively describe remaining amounts included in those captions. ASU 2024-03 will also require the Company to disclose both the amount and the Company’s definition of selling expenses. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Note 2: Revenue Disclosures
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Franchising Fees, Royalty Fees, Advertising Fund Revenue, and Software Fees
As of March 31, 2025, we had 847 franchised clinics in operation, 94 clinic licenses sold but not yet developed and 52 executed letters of intent for future clinic licenses. The franchise arrangement is documented in the form of a franchise agreement. The franchise arrangement requires the Company to perform various activities to support the brand that do not directly transfer goods and services to the franchisee, but instead represent a single performance obligation, which is the transfer of the franchise license. The intellectual property subject to the franchise license is symbolic intellectual property as it does not have significant standalone functionality and substantially all of the utility is derived from its association with the Company’s past or ongoing activities. The nature of the Company’s promise in granting the franchise license is to provide the franchisee with access to the brand’s symbolic intellectual property over the term of the license. The services provided by the Company are highly interrelated with the franchise license and as such are considered to represent a single performance obligation.
The transaction price in a standard franchise arrangement primarily consists of (a) initial franchise fees, (b) continuing franchise fees (royalties), (c) advertising fees, and (d) software fees. The revenue accounting standard provides an exception for the recognition of sales-based royalties promised in exchange for a license (which otherwise requires a reporting entity to estimate the amount of variable consideration to which it will be entitled in the transaction price).
The Company recognizes the primary components of the transaction price as follows:
•Initial and renewal franchise fees, as well as transfer fees, are recognized as revenue ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective franchise agreement, commencing with the execution of the franchise, renewal or transfer agreement. As these fees are typically received in cash at or near the beginning of the contract term, the cash received is initially recorded as a contract liability until recognized as revenue over time.
•The Company is entitled to royalties and advertising fees based on a percentage of the franchisee’s gross sales as defined in the franchise agreement. Royalty and advertising revenue are recognized when the franchisee’s sales occur. Depending on timing within a fiscal period, the recognition of revenue results in either what is considered a contract asset (unbilled receivable) or, once billed, accounts receivable, on the consolidated balance sheet.
•The Company is entitled to a software fee, which is charged monthly. The Company recognizes revenue related to software fees ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement.
In determining the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers, the Company exercises significant judgment with respect to collectability of the amount; however, the timing of recognition does not require significant judgment as it is based on either the franchise term or the reported sales of the franchisee, neither of which requires estimation. The Company believes its franchising arrangements do not contain a significant financing component.
The Company recognizes advertising fees received under franchise agreements as advertising fund revenue.
Capitalized Sales Commissions
Sales commissions earned by the regional developers and the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a franchise agreement with a franchisee. These costs are deferred and then amortized as the respective franchise fees are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the franchise agreement.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The Company believes that the captions contained on the condensed consolidated income statements appropriately reflect the disaggregation of its revenue by major type for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024. Other revenues primarily consist of merchant income associated with preferred vendor royalties associated with franchisees’ credit card transactions.
The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated according to the timing of transfer of services:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue recognized at a point in time | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Revenue recognized over time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Rollforward of Accounts Receivable
Changes in the Company’s accounts receivable, net during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows:
| Accounts Receivable, Net | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
| Cash received against accounts receivable included at the beginning of the year | ( | ||||
| Net increase during the three months ended March 31, 2025 | |||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||
Rollforward of Contract Liabilities and Contract Assets
Changes in the Company’s contract liability for deferred franchise fees during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows:
| Deferred Revenue short and long-term | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
| Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year | ( | ||||
| Net increase during the three months ended March 31, 2025 | |||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||
The Company’s deferred franchise and development costs represent capitalized sales commissions. Changes during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows:
| Deferred Franchise and Development Costs short and long-term | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
| Cost of revenue recognized that was included in the contract asset at the beginning of the year | ( | ||||
| Net increase during the three months ended March 31, 2025 | |||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||
The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that were unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2025:
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| Contract liabilities expected to be recognized in | Amount | ||||
| 2025 (remainder) | $ | ||||
| 2026 | |||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
Note 3: Divestitures
Corporate Clinic Segment Divestiture
In 2023, the Company initiated plans to refranchise the majority of its company-owned or managed clinics with plans to retain a small portion of high-performing clinics. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company expanded the refranchising plan to include additional clinic markets of company-owned or managed clinics, marketing the clinics in clusters grouped by proximity to larger private equity firms. Because the Company has formalized a plan to sell its entire corporate clinic reportable segment, the Company has concluded that the overall refranchising plan represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results.
As of December 31, 2024, the corporate clinics classified as held for sale or already sold under the refranchising plan represent, in the aggregate, a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results. Accordingly, the results of the corporate clinic segment and its assets and liabilities are reported separately as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated income statements and condensed consolidated balance sheets. As permitted, the Company elected not to adjust the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024, to exclude cash flows attributable to discontinued operations. Accordingly, the Company disclosed the depreciation and amortization, capital expenditures and significant operating and investing non-cash items related to the corporate clinic segment below.
The key components of Net income from discontinued operations that were included in the Company’s consolidated income statements are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||
| Revenues from company-owned or managed clinics | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenues: | |||||||||||
| IT cost of revenues | |||||||||||
| Total cost of revenues | |||||||||||
| Selling and marketing expenses | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||
| Total selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||
| Net loss on disposition or impairment from discontinued operations | |||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations | |||||||||||
| Other expense, net | |||||||||||
| Income before income tax expense | |||||||||||
| Income tax expense from discontinued operations | |||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
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The following table summarizes the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations that were included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Assets held for sale | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets (attributable to VIEs) | |||||||||||
| Deposits and other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets, discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses | |||||||||||
Payroll liabilities ($ | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liability, current portion | |||||||||||
| Finance lease liability, current portion | |||||||||||
| Other current liabilities (attributable to VIEs) | |||||||||||
Liabilities to be disposed of ($ | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities, discontinued operations | $ | $ | |||||||||
The key components of cash flows from discontinued operations are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
Capital expenditures | |||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | |||||||||||
| Significant operating and investing non-cash items | |||||||||||
| Net loss on disposition or impairment | |||||||||||
The clustered clinics are in varying stages of sales negotiations with approximately all of the Company’s corporate clinic portfolio expected to be recognized as a completed sale within one year with an estimated fair value of $13.5 million at March 31, 2025. Effective with the designation as held for sale, the Company discontinued recording depreciation on property and equipment, net, amortization of intangible assets, net and amortization of ROU assets for the clinics as required by GAAP. The Company reported the related assets and liabilities of the clinics as held for sale as discontinued operations in its December 31, 2024, and 2023, condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Long-lived assets that meet the criteria for the held for sale designation are reported at the lower of their carrying value or fair value less estimated cost to sell. As a result of its evaluation of the recoverability of the carrying value of the assets and liabilities held for sale relative to the clinics estimated fair values, the Company recorded an estimated loss on disposal of $1.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, in Loss from discontinued operations before income tax expense in its consolidated income statements. A valuation allowance of $8.9 million and $7.7 million was included in discontinued operations current assets in its consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, in connection with the sale of company-owned or managed clinics classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2024 for a combined sales price of $0.1 million, the Company sold $0.5 million assets held for
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sale and $0.5 million of liabilities to be disposed of in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024. As a result of the sales, the Company recorded a gain of $0.1 million included in Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense on the consolidated income statement for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
The principal components of the held for sale assets and liabilities to be disposed of as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024 were as follows:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Valuation allowance | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total assets held for sale | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liability, current and non-current | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue from company clinics | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities to be disposed of | $ | $ | |||||||||
The pre-tax income of the clinics designated as held for sale was $2.5 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, the results of which exclude the allocation of overhead.
Note 4: Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Office and computer equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | |||||||||||
| Software developed | |||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Construction in progress | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Depreciation expense was $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Construction in progress at March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, related primarily to internal use software in development.
Note 5: Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s financial instruments include cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and debt under the Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 6, Debt). The carrying amounts of its financial instruments, excluding the debt under the Credit Agreement, approximate their fair value due to their short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s debt under the Credit Agreement approximates fair value due to its interest rate being calculated from observable quoted prices for similar instruments, which is considered a Level 2 fair value measurement.
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Authoritative guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on reliability of the inputs as follows:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any financial instruments that were measured on a recurring basis as Level 1, 2 or 3.
The Company’s non-financial assets, included in both continuing and discontinued operations, which primarily consist of goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and operating lease ROU assets, are not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and instead are reported at their carrying amount. However, on a periodic basis whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be fully recoverable (and at least annually for goodwill), non-financial assets are assessed for impairment. If the fair value is determined to be lower than the carrying amount, an impairment charge is recorded to write down the asset to its fair value, which is considered Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.
Long-lived assets that meet the held for sale criteria are reported at the lower of their carrying value or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. The estimated fair values of the company-owned or managed clinics classified as Held for Sale (see Note 3, Divestitures) were recorded in discontinued operations current assets at fair values on a nonrecurring basis and are based upon Level 2 inputs, which include a potential buyer agreed-upon selling price or Level 3 inputs, which include a multiple earnings assumption using historical financial performance of the clinic and historical acquisition trends based on previous reacquired franchise clinic purchases. Assets held for sale as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, include all company-owned or managed clinics. The fair value measurement of the assets held for sale as of March 31, 2025 was recorded as $0.7 million based upon Level 2 inputs and $12.8 million based upon Level 3 inputs. The Company maintains a valuation allowance of $8.9 million to adjust the carrying value of the disposal group to fair value less cost to sell as of March 31, 2025. The fair value of the assets held for sale as of December 31, 2024 was valued as $0.5 million based upon Level 2 inputs and $17.6 million based upon Level 3 inputs and carried a valuation allowance of $7.7 million to adjust the carrying value of the disposal group to fair value less cost to sell as of December 31, 2024.
Note 6: Debt
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Credit Agreement
On February 28, 2020, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., individually and as Administrative Agent and Issuing Bank (the “Lender”). The Credit Agreement provided for senior secured credit facilities (the “Credit Facilities”) in the amount of $7,500,000 , including a $2,000,000 revolver (the "Revolver") and a $5,500,000 development line of credit (the "Line of Credit"). The Revolver included amounts available for letters of credit of up to $1,000,000 and an uncommitted additional amount of $2,500,000 . All outstanding principal and interest on the Revolver was due on February 28, 2022.
On February 28, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to its Credit Facilities (as amended, the “2022 Credit Facility”) with the Lender. Under the 2022 Credit Facility, the Revolver increased to $20,000,000 (from $2,000,000 ), the portion of the Revolver available for letters of credit increased to $5,000,000 (from $1,000,000 ), the uncommitted additional amount increased to $30,000,000 (from $2,500,000 ) and the developmental Line of Credit of $5,500,000 was terminated. The Revolver will be used for working capital needs, general corporate purposes and for acquisitions, development and capital improvement uses. At the option of the Company, borrowings under the 2022 Credit Facility bear interest at: (i) the adjusted SOFR rate, plus 0.10 %, plus 1.75 %, payable on the last day of the selected interest period of one, three or six months and on the three-month anniversary of the beginning of any six-month interest period, if applicable; or (ii) an Alternative Base Rate (ABR), plus 1.00 %, payable monthly. The ABR is the greatest of (A) the prime rate (as published by the Wall Street Journal); (B) the Federal Reserve Bank of New York rate, plus 0.5 %; and (C) the adjusted one-month term SOFR rate. Amounts outstanding under the Revolver on February 28, 2022 continued to bear interest at the rate selected under the Credit Facilities prior to the amendment until the last day of the interest period in effect, at which time, if not repaid, the amounts outstanding under the Revolver will bear interest at the 2022 Credit Facility rate. As a result of this refinance, $2,000,000 of current maturity of long-term debt was reclassified to long-term as of December 31, 2021. The 2022 Credit Facility will terminate, and all principal and interest will become due and payable on the fifth anniversary of the amendment, which will occur on February 28, 2027. On January 17, 2024, the Company paid down the outstanding balance on its Debt under the Credit Agreement of $2,000,000 .
The Credit Facilities contain customary events of default, including but not limited to nonpayment; material inaccuracy of representations and warranties, violations of covenants, certain bankruptcies and liquidations, cross-default to material indebtedness, certain material judgments, and certain fundamental changes such as a merger or sale of substantially all assets (as further defined in the Credit Facilities). The Credit Facilities require the Company to comply with customary affirmative, negative and financial covenants, including minimum interest coverage and maximum net leverage. A breach of any of these operating or financial covenants would result in a default under the Credit Facilities. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts then outstanding, together with accrued interest, to be immediately due and payable. The Credit Facilities are collateralized by substantially all of the Company’s assets, including the assets in the Company’s company-owned or managed clinics. As of March 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, and there is no outstanding balance as of March 31, 2025.
Note 7: Stock-Based Compensation
The Company grants stock-based awards under its 2024 Incentive Stock Plan (the “2024 Plan”). The shares issued as a result of stock-based compensation transactions generally have been funded with the issuance of new shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company may grant the following types of incentive awards under the 2024 Plan: (i) non-qualified stock options; (ii) incentive stock options; (iii) stock appreciation rights; (iv) restricted stock; and (v) restricted stock units. Each award granted under the 2024 Plan is subject to an award agreement that incorporates, as applicable, the exercise price, the term of the award, the periods of restriction, the number of shares to which the award pertains and such other terms and conditions as the plan committee determines. Awards granted under the 2024 Plan are classified as equity awards, which are recorded in stockholders’ equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Through March 31, 2025, the Company has granted under the 2024 Plan (i) non-qualified stock options; (ii) incentive stock options; and (iii) restricted stock. There were no stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units granted under the 2024 Plan as of March 31, 2025.
Stock Options
The Company’s closing price on the date of grant is the basis of fair value of its common stock used in determining the value of share-based awards. To the extent the value of the Company’s share-based awards involves a measure of volatility, the Company uses available historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over a period of time corresponding to the expected stock option term. The Company uses the simplified method to calculate the expected term of stock option grants to employees as the Company does not have sufficient comparable historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term of stock options granted to employees. Accordingly, the expected life of the options granted is based on the average of the vesting term, which is generally four years and the contractual term, which is generally ten years . The Company will
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continue to evaluate the appropriateness of utilizing such method. The risk-free interest rate is based on United States Treasury yields in effect at the date of grant for periods corresponding to the expected stock option term. Forfeitures are estimated based on historical and forecasted turnover, which is approximately 5 %.
The Company did not grant options during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024.
The information below summarizes the stock option activity for three months ended March 31, 2025:
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | |||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Expired | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at March 31, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, stock-based compensation expense for stock options was $21,641 and $54,739 , respectively.
Restricted Stock
Restricted stock awards granted to employees generally vest in four equal annual installments, although on March 5, 2024, the Company granted 29,454 shares of restricted stock as part of a special award to certain executive employees that vested in one installment on the first anniversary of the grant. Restricted stock awards granted to non-employee directors typically vest in full one year after the date of grant.
The information below summarizes the restricted stock activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025:
| Restricted Stock Awards | Shares | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Award | ||||||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | |||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | |||||||||||||
| Non-vested at March 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
Note 8: Income Taxes
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded income tax expense from continuing operations of $13,404 and $8,582 , respectively, and income tax expense of $103,412 and $170,345 from discontinued operations. The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to state taxes and change in valuation allowance. The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to nondeductible meals and entertainment, change in valuation allowance, state taxes, and an increase in the overall deferred tax liability related to indefinite goodwill.
Note 9: Commitments and Contingencies
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Leases
The table below summarizes the components of lease expense and income statement location for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024:
| Line Items in the Company's Condensed Consolidated | Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statements | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease costs: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease costs | General and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total lease costs | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supplemental information and balance sheet location related to leases (excluding amounts related to leases classified as discontinued operations) was as follows:
| March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Operating Leases: | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of -use asset | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating lease liability - current portion | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating lease liability - net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Total operating lease liability | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (in years): | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | |||||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate: | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | |||||||||
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases (excluding amounts related to leases classified as discontinued operations) was as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Non-cash transactions: ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Operating lease | $ | $ | |||||||||
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Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2025 are as follows, excluding amounts related to leases classified as discontinued operations:
| Operating Leases | |||||||||||
| 2025 (remainder) | $ | ||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||
| 2029 | |||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||
| Total lease payments | $ | ||||||||||
| Less: Imputed interest | ( | ||||||||||
| Total lease obligations | |||||||||||
| Less: Current obligations | ( | ||||||||||
| Long-term lease obligation | $ | ||||||||||
Guarantee in Connection with the Sale of the Divested Business
In connection with the sale of company-managed clinics in 2022, 2024, and 2025, the Company guaranteed four future operating lease commitments assumed by the buyers. The Company is obligated to perform under the guarantees if the buyers fail to perform under the lease agreements at any time during the remainder of the lease agreements, which expire on October 31, 2025, May 31, 2027, and November 30, 2030. At the dates of sale, the undiscounted maximum potential future payments totaled $0.8 million. As of March 31, 2025, the undiscounted remaining lease payments under the agreements totaled $0.7 million. The Company had not recorded a liability with respect to the guarantee obligations as of March 31, 2025, as the Company concluded that payment under the lease guarantees was not probable.
Litigation
In the normal course of business, the Company is party to litigation and claims from time to time. The Company maintains insurance to cover certain litigation and claims.
During the second quarter of 2024, the Company entered into settlement agreements from litigation related to employment matters of $1.5 million that was outside the normal course of business, which the Company has accrued for in discontinued operations current liabilities as of December 31, 2024, and March 31, 2025.
Additionally, litigation related to a medical injury claim between a patient ("the Claimant") and the Company filed on September 5, 2023, reached a settlement agreement on February 25, 2025. Per the terms of the settlement agreement, the Company and the Company's insurance were to pay the Claimant $3.4 million. The Company accrued the settlement recorded in discontinued operations current liabilities for $3.4 million as of December 31, 2024. The expense of the accrual was offset by a receivable recorded as discontinued operations current assets from the Company's insurance for $1.9 million as of December 31, 2024. The settlement was paid in full during the first quarter of 2025.
Note 10: Segment Reporting
An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available and is reviewed regularly by the CODM to evaluate performance and make operating decisions. The Company has identified its CODM as the Chief Executive Officer.
Historically, the Company had two operating business segments: (1) Corporate Clinics, and (2) Franchise Operations. The Corporate Clinics segment is comprised of the activities of the company-owned or managed clinics. In the fourth quarter of 2024, as part of the Company’s refranchising strategy, the entire Corporate Clinic segment met the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations as of December 31, 2024 (Refer to Note 3, Divestitures for financial information on the discontinued operating Corporate Clinics segment). Therefore, since December 31, 2024, the Company has one reportable segment: Franchise Operations. In accordance with ASC 205-20, Discontinued Operations, expenses that in prior periods were partially allocated to the Corporate Clinic segment that are not wholly related to the activity of the segment have been recast to be presented in
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continuing operations, which is now Franchise Operations. Additionally, any expenses previously identified as Corporate Unallocated have been allocated entirely to the Franchise Operations segment.
The Franchise Operations segment is comprised of the operating activities of the franchise business unit. The Franchise Operations segment derives revenue primarily from customers by providing access to the Company’s franchise license, which represents symbolic intellectual property (See Note 2, Revenue Disclosures for additional details). The Franchise Operations segment is managed on a consolidated basis because all operations are located within a similar economic and regulatory environment, provide the same services and share the same business model and pricing strategies. As of March 31, 2025, the franchise system consisted of 847 clinics in operation. The accounting policies for the franchise segment are the same as those described in Note 1, Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The CODM uses Net Income, Gross Profit, Operating Income, and Adjusted EBITDA as metrics in assessing performance and determining how to allocate resources. Net Income, Gross Profit, and Operating Income are reported on the Consolidated Income Statement. Adjusted EBITDA is presented in Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Non-GAAP Financial Measures and is reconciled back to consolidated net income (loss) from continuing operations on the consolidated income statement. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total consolidated assets. The CODM uses these financial measures to evaluate income generated from segment assets (return on assets) in deciding whether to reinvest profits in the Franchise Segment or into other parts of the entity, such as new products or services, new geographic territories, acquisitions or reacquisitions, or stock buybacks. Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are used to monitor budget verses actual results. The CODM also uses Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with certain non-financial metrics in competitive analysis by benchmarking to the Company’s competitors. The competitive analysis along with the monitoring of budgeted verses actual results are used in assessing performance of the segment and in establishing management’s compensation.
The following table summarizes total revenue and significant expense categories and amounts for the Company's reportable segment that aligns with the segment level information that is regularly provided to the CODM:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and regional developer cost of revenues | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IT cost of revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling and marketing expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted General and administrative expenses | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items, net (a) | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Loss | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of loss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Net loss from continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations after income tax expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note 11: Related Party Transactions
Mr. Jefferson Gramm, Managing Partner of Bandera Partners LLC who is a beneficial holder of more than 5% of our outstanding common stock (approximately 26 % as of March 31, 2025) was appointed to the Board of Directors effective as of January 2, 2024.
Marshall Gramm, who is a family member of Mr. Jefferson Gramm, owns four franchise licenses. One license was sold to Mr. Marshall Gramm in December 2020 for $39,900 and three licenses were transferred from other franchisees in June 2022 to Mr. Marshall Gramm for a transfer fee of $15,000 17,706 total (which reflects the $15,000 10 -years from the date of transfer per the Company's Franchise Disclosure Document).
These transactions involved terms no less favorable to us than those that would have been obtained in the absence of such affiliation. Although we have no way of estimating the aggregate amount of franchise fees, royalties, advertising fund fees, IT related income and computer software fees that these franchisees will pay over the life of the franchise licenses, the franchisees affiliated with Mr. Gramm are subject to such fees under the same terms and conditions as all other franchisees.
In October 2020, Mr. Gramm loaned approximately $370,000 to an unaffiliated franchisee that owns and operates one franchise clinic. The loan is not secured by the assets of the business and there are no foreclosure rights. As of March 31, 2025, the remaining balance on the unsecured loan was $270,800 .
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 14, 2025.
Overview
We are a rapidly growing franchisor that uses a private pay, non-insurance, cash-based model. We will continue our rapid and franchised focused expansion of chiropractic clinics in key markets throughout North America, and potentially abroad, as we seek to be the leading provider of chiropractic care in the markets we serve and to become the most recognized brand in our industry.
Key Performance Measures. We receive monthly performance reports from our system and our clinics that include key performance indicators per clinic, including gross sales, comparable same-store sales growth, or “Comp Sales,” number of new patients, conversion percentage and membership attrition. In addition, we review monthly reporting related to system-wide sales, clinic openings, clinic license sales, adjusted EBITDA (Refer to Non-GAAP Financial Measures for more information on adjusted EBITDA) and various earnings metrics in the aggregate and per clinic. We believe these indicators provide us with useful data with which to measure our performance and to measure our franchisees’ and clinics’ performance. Comp Sales include the sales from both company-owned or managed clinics and franchised clinics that in each case have been open for at least 13 full months and exclude any clinics that have closed. System-wide sales include sales at all clinics, whether operated by us or by franchisees. While franchised clinic sales are not recorded as revenues by us, management believes the information is important in understanding the overall brand’s financial performance, because these sales are the basis on which we calculate and record royalty fees and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.
Key Clinic Development Trends. As of March 31, 2025, we and our franchisees operated or managed 969 clinics, of which 847 were operated or managed by franchisees and 122 were operated as company-owned or managed clinics. Our franchisees opened five clinics in the first quarter of 2025, compared to 23 clinics in the first quarter of 2024.
Our current strategy is to grow through the sale and development of additional franchises. After evaluating options for improvement, during 2023, the Board of Directors authorized management to initiate a plan to refranchise or sell the majority of our company-owned or managed clinics. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company expanded the refranchising plan to include the full portfolio of our company-owned or managed clinics, marketing the clinics in large clusters grouped primarily by geographic location. This refined strategy will leverage our greatest strength - our capacity to build a franchise - to drive long-term growth for both our franchisees and The Joint as a public company. We have created a robust framework for the
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refranchising effort, organizing clinics into clusters, and generating comprehensive disclosure packets for marketing efficiency. We had given initial preference to existing franchisees and, in the third quarter of 2024, we expanded the marketing efforts to larger multi-unit, multi-brand operators and certain private equity firms interested in purchasing and operating large market-based clinic clusters and have received significant interest to date in most markets. During the first quarter of 2025, we have received draft letters of intent ("LOIs") for our full portfolio of company-owned or managed clinics and as of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are in the final stages of certain LOI term negotiations and due diligence.
Our goal will be to generate significant processes that will provide us with value creating capital allocation opportunities. These opportunities could include, but are not limited to, reinvestment in the brand and related marketing, continued investment in our IT platforms, the repurchase of regional development ("RD") territories, certain merger or acquisition opportunities and/or a stock repurchase program.
The number of franchise licenses sold for the first quarter of 2025, was nine, compared with 15 licenses sold for the first quarter of 2024. We ended the first quarter of 2025 with 16 regional developers who were responsible for 56% of the nine licenses sold during the period. We will continue to leverage the power of the regional developer program to accelerate the number of clinics sold, and eventually opened, across the country.
We believe that we continue to have a sound business concept and will benefit from the fundamental changes taking place in the manner in which Americans access chiropractic care and their growing interest in seeking effective, affordable natural solutions for general wellness. These trends join with the preference we have seen among chiropractic doctors to reject the insurance-based model resulting in a combination that benefits the consumer and the service provider alike. We believe that these forces create an important opportunity to accelerate the growth of our network.
Recent Events
Recent events that may impact our business include unfavorable global economic or political conditions, such as uncertainties that come with changes to the presidential administration, labor shortages, and inflation and other cost increases. We anticipate that 2025 will continue to be a volatile macroeconomic environment.
The primary inflationary factor affecting our operations is labor costs. In 2024, clinics owned or managed by us or our franchisees were negatively impacted by labor shortages and wage increases, which increased our general and administrative expenses. Further, should we fail to continue to increase our wages competitively in response to increasing wage rates, the quality of our workforce could decline, causing our patient service to suffer. While we anticipate that these continued headwinds can be partially mitigated by pricing actions, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to take such pricing actions. A continued increase in labor costs could have an adverse effect on our operating costs, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, the increase in interest rates and the expectation that interest rates will continue to remain elevated may adversely affect patients’ financial conditions, resulting in reduced spending on our services. While the impact of these factors continues to remain uncertain, we will continue to evaluate the extent to which these factors will impact our business, financial condition, or results of operations. These and other uncertainties with respect to these recent events could result in changes to our current expectations.
Other Significant Events and/or Recent Developments
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the prior year period:
•Comp sales of clinics that have been open for at least 13 full months increased 3.1%;
•Comp sales for mature clinics open 48 months or more decreased 1.7%; and
•System-wide sales for all clinics open for any amount of time grew 5.0% to $132.6 million.
Factors Affecting Our Performance
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of factors, including the timing of new clinic sales, openings, closures, markets in which they are contained and related expenses, general economic conditions, cost inflation, labor shortages, consumer confidence in the economy, consumer preferences, competitive factors, and disease epidemics and other health-related concerns.
Critical Accounting Estimates
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There were no changes in our critical accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2025, from those set forth in “Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial results encompasses the results of our Franchise Operations business segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024. All financial results and metrics discussed below are on a continuing operation basis.
Total Revenues
Components of revenues were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalty fees | $ | 8,070,985 | $ | 7,587,547 | 483,438 | 6.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Franchise fees | 828,519 | 655,874 | 172,645 | 26.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising fund revenue | 2,307,502 | 2,166,472 | 141,030 | 6.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT related income and software fees | 1,461,967 | 1,386,776 | 75,191 | 5.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 408,617 | 388,047 | 20,570 | 5.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 13,077,590 | $ | 12,184,716 | $ | 892,874 | 7.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
Total revenues increased by $0.9 million, primarily due to the continued expansion and revenue growth of our franchise base and included:
•Royalty fees and advertising fund revenue increased due to an increase in the number of franchised clinics in operation during the current period, along with continued sales growth in existing franchised clinics. As of March 31, 2025, and 2024, there were 847 and 819 franchised clinics in operation, respectively.
•Software fees revenue increased due to an increase in our franchised clinic base and the related revenue recognition over the term of the franchise agreement as described above.
•Other revenues primarily consisted of merchant income associated with credit card transactions.
Cost of Revenues
| Cost of Revenues | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 2,972,126 | $ | 2,704,512 | $ | 267,614 | 9.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024, the total cost of revenues increased primarily due to an increase in the number of franchised clinics in operation during the current period, along with continued sales growth in existing franchised clinics in regional developer regions.
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Selling and Marketing Expenses
| Selling and Marketing Expenses | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 3,505,150 | $ | 2,237,583 | $ | 1,267,567 | 56.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024, selling and marketing expenses increased due to an increase in expenses associated with our digital marketing transformation efforts.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
| Depreciation and Amortization Expenses | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 361,930 | $ | 329,634 | $ | 32,296 | 9.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to depreciation expenses related to development of internal use software made available for use in the first half of 2024.
General and Administrative Expenses
| General and Administrative Expenses | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 6,914,945 | $ | 7,339,308 | $ | (424,363) | (5.8) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to a decrease in payroll and other employee compensation expenses of $0.4 million, reflective of fewer employees in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, including the departure of long-tenure employees with stock-based compensation during 2024. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024 were 53% and 60%, respectively.
Loss from Operations
| Loss from Operations | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | (678,534) | $ | (426,596) | $ | (251,938) | 59.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss from operations increased by $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to:
•an increase in selling and marketing expenses of $1.3 million; and
•an increase of $0.3 million in our total cost of revenues; partially offset by
•an increase of $0.9 million in total revenues; and
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•a decrease of $0.4 million in general and administrative expenses.
Other Income (Expense), Net
| Other Income (Expense), Net | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 185,917 | $ | 36,259 | $ | 149,658 | (412.7) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense), net increased during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to the deployment of additional cash and cash equivalents into higher interest rate savings products resulting in increased interest income.
Income Tax Expense
| Income Tax Expense | 2025 | 2024 | Change from Prior Year | Percent Change from Prior Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | $ | 13,404 | $ | 8,582 | $ | 4,822 | 56.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to increase in estimated state income taxes.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1, Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements that may impact our financial statements.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The table below reconciles net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| from Continuing Operations | from Discontinued Operations | Net Operations | from Continuing Operations | from Discontinued Operations | Net Operations | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-GAAP Financial Data: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) Income | $ | (506,021) | $ | 1,307,451 | $ | 801,430 | $ | (398,919) | $ | 1,345,898 | $ | 946,979 | |||||||||||
| Net interest | (185,917) | 239 | (185,678) | (36,259) | 628 | (35,631) | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 361,930 | 26,385 | 388,315 | 329,634 | 1,074,272 | 1,403,906 | |||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 13,404 | 103,412 | 116,816 | 8,582 | 170,345 | 178,927 | |||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | (316,604) | 1,437,487 | 1,120,883 | (96,962) | 2,591,143 | 2,494,181 | |||||||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | 293,941 | — | 293,941 | 493,395 | — | 493,395 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss on disposition or impairment | 1,973 | 1,299,724 | 1,301,697 | 275 | 361,828 | 362,103 | |||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring Costs | 67,084 | 71,384 | 138,468 | 28,000 | 129,036 | 157,036 | |||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 46,394 | $ | 2,808,595 | $ | 2,854,989 | $ | 424,708 | $ | 3,082,007 | $ | 3,506,715 | |||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations consists of net loss from continuing operations before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, acquisition related expenses (which includes contract termination costs associated with reacquired
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regional developer rights), stock-based compensation expense, bargain purchase gain, (gain) loss on disposition or impairment, costs related to restatement filings, restructuring costs, and litigation expenses (consisting of legal and related fees for specific proceedings that arise outside of the ordinary course of our business). We have provided Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure of financial performance, because it is commonly used for comparing companies in our industry. You should not consider Adjusted EBITDA as a substitute for operating profit as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. We may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently from other companies.
We believe that the use of Adjusted EBITDA provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing our financial measures with other outpatient medical clinics, which may present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors. In addition, you should be aware when evaluating Adjusted EBITDA in the future we may incur unadjusted expenses similar to those currently excluded when calculating these measures. Our presentation of these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies, because all companies do not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.
Our management does not consider Adjusted EBITDA in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of Adjusted EBITDA is that it excludes significant expenses and income that are required by GAAP to be recorded in our financial statements. These limitations include, but are not limited to, the following:
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debts;
•Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the (gain) loss on disposition or impairment, which represents the impairment of assets as of the reporting date. We do not consider this to be indicative of our ongoing operations; and
•While not included in the presented periods, Adjusted EBITDA would not reflect any bargain purchase gain, which would represent the excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the purchase consideration.
Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA only supplementally. You should review the reconciliation of Net loss to Adjusted EBITDA above and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity
As of March 31, 2025, we had unrestricted cash and short-term bank deposits of $21.9 million. We used $3.7 million of cash flow from operating activities from both continuing and discontinued operations in the first quarter of 2025. While unfavorable global economic or political conditions create potential liquidity risks, as discussed further below, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, our anticipated cash flows from operations and amounts available under our line of credit will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating and investment needs for at least the next 12 months.
While the interruptions, delays and/or cost increases resulting from political instability and geopolitical tensions, adverse weather conditions, economic weakness, inflationary pressures, increase in interest rates and other factors have created uncertainty as to general economic conditions for the remainder of 2025, as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe that we have adequate capital resources and sufficient access to external financing sources to satisfy our current and reasonably anticipated requirements for funds to conduct our operations and meet other needs in the ordinary course of our business. For the remainder of 2025, we expect to use or redeploy our cash resources to support our business within the context of prevailing market conditions, which, given the ongoing uncertainties described above, could rapidly and materially deteriorate or otherwise
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change. Our long-term capital requirements, primarily for acquisitions and other corporate initiatives, could be dependent on our ability to access additional funds through the debt and/or equity markets. If the equity and credit markets deteriorate, including as a result of economic weakness, political unrest or war, or any other reason, it may make any necessary equity or debt financing more difficult to obtain in a timely manner and on favorable terms, if at all, and if obtained, it may be more costly or more dilutive. From time to time, we consider and evaluate transactions related to our portfolio and capital structure, including debt financings, equity issuances, purchases and sales of assets, and other transactions. Given the ongoing uncertainties described above, the levels of our cash flows from operations for the remainder of 2025 may be impacted. There can be no assurance that we will be able to generate sufficient cash flows or obtain the capital necessary to meet our short and long-term capital requirements.
Analysis of Cash Flows
Net cash used in operating activities for both continuing and discontinued operations increased by $6.5 million to $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in net cash used was attributable to a change in working capital of $6.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Net cash used in investing activities was $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, this included purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million and proceeds from sales of clinics of $40,100. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, this included purchases of property and equipment of $0.4 million and proceeds from sales of clinics of $50,100.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $0.9 million, compared to $2.0 million in net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities included cash receipts from stock option exercises of $0.9 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in financing activities included the pay down of the outstanding balance on our Debt under the Credit Agreement in the amount of $2.0 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of March 31, 2025, there have been no material changes to the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk appearing in Part II, Item 7(a), “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act are accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls and procedures were designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving such objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025, our management concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Information regarding our legal proceedings is discussed in Note 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We documented our risk factors in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since the filing of that Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, no director or officer of our company adopted terminated
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit Number | Description of Document | |||||||
| 31.1* | ||||||||
| 31.2* | ||||||||
| 32** | ||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document. | |||||||
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |||||||
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
* Filed herewith
** Furnished herewith, not filed
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THE JOINT CORP.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| THE JOINT CORP. | ||||||||
| Dated: May 8, 2025 | By: | /s/ Sanjiv Razdan | ||||||
| Sanjiv Razdan Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
| Dated: May 8, 2025 | By: | /s/ Jake Singleton | ||||||
| Jake Singleton Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||||||
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15a-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Sanjiv Razdan, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 of The Joint Corp.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 8, 2025
| /s/ Sanjiv Razdan | |||||
| Sanjiv Razdan President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |||||
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15a-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Jake Singleton, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 of The Joint Corp.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 8, 2025
| /s/ Jake Singleton | |||||
| Jake Singleton Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | |||||
Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of The Joint Corp. (the “Company”), for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned hereby certifies, in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to his knowledge:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
| By: | /s/ Sanjiv Razdan | |||||||
| Sanjiv Razdan President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
| Dated May 8, 2025 | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Jake Singleton | |||||||
| Jake Singleton Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||||||
| Dated May 8, 2025 | ||||||||