Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Nokia's first quarter 2026 results call. I'm David Mulholland, head of Nokia Investor Relations. Today, with me is Justin Hotard, our president and CEO, along with Marco Varane, our CFO. Before we get started, a quick disclaimer. During this call, we will be making forward-looking statements regarding our future business and financial performance. And these statements are predictions that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results we currently expect. Factors that could cause such differences can be both external as well as internal operating factors. We have identified such risks in the risk factor section of our annual report on Form 20F, which is available on our Invest Relations website. Within today's presentation, references to growth rates will mostly be on a constant currency and portfolio basis, and other financial items will be relating to our comparable reporting. Please note that our Q1 report and a presentation that accompanies this call are published on our website. The report includes both reported and comparable financial results and reconciliation between the two. In terms of the agenda for today, Justin will go through our key messages for the quarter. Marco will then go through the financial performance and will then move to Q&A. With that, let me hand over to Justin.

Thank you, David, and good morning, everyone. Our first quarter gave us a solid start to 2026. Net sales grew 4% to 4.5 billion euros with an operating margin of 6.2%, and we delivered a free cash flow of 629 million euros in the quarter. Gross profit was 2 billion euros, and gross margin expanded 320 basis points, supported in part by the absence of a one-time charge in mobile infrastructure in the prior year. It also benefited from strong performance in optical networks as we began to see the synergy benefits from the Infanera acquisition. Operating profit was 281 million euros, with operating margin expanding 200 basis points. We saw strong momentum with AI and cloud customers. Net sales grew 49%, and we received 1 billion euros in new orders, particularly driven by optical networks. At the group level, book-to-bill was above one, and in network infrastructure, it was well above one. I'm proud of Team Nokia's execution in Q1. The focus now is on delivering through the year and maximizing the growth opportunity in front of us. At our Capital Markets Day last November, we outlined our view of the AI super cycle and the market opportunity for Nokia. Since then, demand has accelerated. At the time, expectations were for the largest hyperscalers to spend around $540 billion in CapEx in 2026. Now, those expectations have increased to over $700 billion. This reflects the pace at which our customers are scaling infrastructure for AI. Today, AI-driven traffic is estimated at around 20% of total network traffic, which is roughly 80 exabytes per month, and is still primarily human-to-machine. As we move deeper into agentic AI adoption, and ultimately physical AI adoption, machine-to-machine traffic will become the primary driver of traffic, and that will lead to a step change in network traffic. We already see this demand in AI factories, both in data center interconnect and inside the data center in routing and switching. Increasingly, this is also driving demand in transport networks across metro and long haul. And we believe this is a structural shift in the market, which will sustain for multiple years. We now expect our AI and cloud addressable market to grow at a 27 percent Gager between 2025 and 2028, up from the 16 percent we shared in November. This implies the addressable market for network infrastructure growing at a 14% CAGR compared to 9% that we shared in November. This is already benefiting Nokia in orders and in revenue. In March, we introduced several new products at OFC. These launches reflect our focus on accelerating innovation following the Infanera acquisition. The industry is scaling from hundreds to thousands of fibers between data centers. To address this demand, we introduced our next-generation hyperscale multi-rail solution, which will begin shipping later this year. It scales fiber capacity without expanding physical infrastructure, delivers an 8x increase in density, and is 25% more dense than competing products announced recently. In addition, we also shared that we're evolving how we bring optical solutions to market. Our roadmap moves to a building block architecture with four optical engines that are embedded in multiple form factors compared to the two engines per generation previously. The architecture allows us to bring 13 application-optimized solutions to market. For customers, this means simplified deployment and a reduced total cost of ownership of up to 70%. These products will begin sampling in the first half of 2027 and will ship in volume in the second half. In Q1, we also saw strong growth in our IP networks pipeline as we built deeper engagements with our AI and cloud customers on switching and routing. We were awarded new design wins and continue to build a strong pipeline of further opportunities. We expect this to translate into new orders over the coming quarters. We've also increased our investment in optical networks, and our new Indian Phosphified Manufacturing Facility in San Jose, California, is on track to begin ramping production later this year. As a result, we are increasing our growth assumptions for network infrastructure in 2026. We now expect growth between 12 to 14 percent, up from the 6 to 8 percent we communicated in January. For optical and IP networks combined, we expect growth of 18% to 20%, up from 10% to 12%. Turning now to mobile infrastructure, this new segment began operating in January, and the team is focused on aligning our roadmap to customer needs, streamlining the integrated business to improve productivity, and delivering on the KPIs we outlined at our capital market core software had another strong quarter growing five percent and gaining market share in the quarter we delivered six competitive swaps our customers are modernizing their their platforms with cloud native solutions adopting new security features and driving end-to-end automation with a focus on reducing operating expenses radio networks also delivered on our expectations. We signed several deals in the quarter, including with Virgin Media O2. At Mobile World Congress, we introduced a new generation of radios that are AI-RAN ready. Our DocSori remote radio heads deliver a 30% improvement in power efficiency and up to a 25% reduction in weight. In addition, we continue to make good progress on AI-RAN in partnership with NVIDIA and we are on track to begin field trials by the end of the year. Technology standards continue to perform well across its markets. The business continues to deliver stability and we expect largely flat net sales for the full year with improved profit generation year

over year. With that, I'll hand over to Marco. Thank you, Justin, and hello from my side as warm it's just mentioned we had a solid start to the year with 4.5 billion in sales growing 4% with growth in both operating segments first profit was just over 2 billion euros with a gross margin of 45.5 percent 320 basis points improvement on year-on-year operating profit was 281 million euros with an operating margin of 6.2 percent and this is up 200 basis points compared to the previous year free cash flow was 629 million and the quarter ended with a net cash of 3.8 billion network infrastructure sales grew 6% in quarter one optical networks had another strong quarter with 20 percent net sales growth and this is mainly driven by ai and cloud customers we also grew in telecom as operators invest to meet increasing demands on transport networks ip network sales grew three percent with growth in ai and cloud offset by softness in other customer segments during the quarter we expect growth in IP networks to start to accelerate in quarter two as we ramp shipments tied to new design wins with AI and cloud customers fixed networks declined by 13% reflecting our portfolio strategy to focus on higher margin products sales of our optical line terminal products were largely stable in the quarter and looking ahead we expect the sales trend to improve as the year progresses we see a supportive demand environment especially in the u.s. with fiber deployments remaining a key investment focus for tier one operators first margin in network infrastructure was forty three point four percent increasing under 50 base the increase driven by a higher cross margin in optical networks benefiting mainly from infinera integration synergies and scale we continue to expect some cross-margin headwinds through the year as a result of product mix operating margin was 6.7 percent at 30 basis points below the previous year as we had a full quarter of infinera expenses compared to one month last year for the full year we do expect to slightly increase the network infrastructure operating margin however our focus this year is on investing to capture the long-term growth opportunity in the market in mobile infrastructure net sales grew by three percent core software sales grew five percent while radio networks sales were flat technology standards sales grew by 10% as a result of signing several deals in consumer electronics and multimedia which contributed catch-up sales in the quarter first margin increased by 430 basis points to 48.5% in line with our long-term target for mobile infrastructure across margins the increase was mainly related to 120 million euro contract settlement which negatively impacted the previous year we expect mobile infrastructure across margins in the second and third quarters to be somewhat weaker and then much stronger in quarter four and this is consistent with the typical seasonality in the business. Operating margin was 8.9% in the quarter, an increase of 380 basis points, reflecting the settlement impact and lower operating expenses supported by the ongoing cost-saving program. If we then turn to look at our sales growth by customer segment, AI and cloud grew 49%, mainly driven by optical networks. Mission-critical enterprise and defense grew 19%, and technology licensing grew 10%. These growing markets offset a 2% decline in telecom to deliver 4% growth for the group. The decline among telecom customers was partly related to some of the portfolio decisions we are taking in effects networks. Overall, we continue to see the telecom market as relatively flat. The quarter one was a strong quarter for free cash flow generation, which amounted to $629 million. We saw the typical working capital unwind in the first quarter, related to the receivables buildup at the end of 25, from a strong quarter four sales seasonality. For your models, remember that quarter two is typically a seasonally low period for cash as we pay employee cash incentives in that quarter. Finally, to our 26 guidance assumptions, our group level financial outlook remains unchanged and we are currently tracking somewhat above the midpoint of the range for comparable operating profit which is between 2 and 2.5 billion justin has already mentioned the two key assumptions for the full year that have changed we now target to grow faster in network infrastructure this year with 12 to 14 growth up from the previous assumption of six to eight percent and specifically in optical and IP networks, we now target 18% to 20% growth, up from the previous 10% to 12% growth. Then recording quarter two, we currently assume a 5% to 9% sequential increase in net sales. For operating profit, we expect quarter two to account for between 12% and 16% of the full year based on on the comment i already made that we are tracking somewhat above the midpoint of the full year range this would equate to h1 being between 24 and 28 of the full year operating profit consistent with 2025 and this is mainly due to the growth related investments we are making to support the long-term opportunities in the business. And with that, let me head back to David for Q&A. Thank you, Justin and Marco.

As usual for the Q&A session, as a courtesy to others in the queue, could you please limit yourself to one question and a brief follow-up? Cherie, could you please give the instructions?

Yes, sir. Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. If you're also viewing the webcast, please remember to mute your audio on your computer before asking your question as there's a 30-second delay. To ask a question, you may press star and 1 on your telephone keypad. If you're using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press star and 2. I will now hand it back to you, Mr. David Mulholland.

Thanks, Sheree. We'll take our first question today from Frederick Lothell from Handelsbeinchen. Frederick, please go ahead.

Thank you very much. Thank you for taking my question, and congrats to a great report. I would like to step into the world of optical networks and ask you your raised assumption for the year. Is that based on what you see more positively on getting better traction on production capacity throughout the year, so earlier than you anticipated before, or is it something else in there that gives you the opportunity to raise that guidance?

Yeah, thanks, Frederick, and good morning. So I think two things I would touch on. I think one is, you know, a little bit more confidence on supply, and obviously the fab is one component. There's also, you know, the other components, you know, of the optical subsystems, the DSPs. Obviously, you know, that's impluggables. Obviously, as you think about our larger systems, there's multiple different elements. to that. So it's a bit more supply confidence on optical. Obviously, as we said, demand is strong. Demand continues to be strong on optical. And then it's also related to some of the traction we're starting to see in IP networking. And as we've talked about in the past, the IP networking business has been a little bit lumpy as we drive the growth, but we're starting to see more visibility for the year. And that's a part of what's driving the growth.

Did you have a follow-up, Frederick?

Oh, I'm fine with that.

Thanks, Frederick. We'll take our next question from Janardam Menon from Jefferies. Janardam, please go ahead.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. I just wanted to dive into the design wins and the $1 billion that you've reported, saying most of that or the bigger portion of that is from optical. So are these still on the 800 gig side? You had put out a very impressive portfolio of products at the 1.6T, 2.4T, 3.2T at OFC, which you said would be starting to come through by late 2027. So are you already seeing some order intake on those, or is it too early for those kind of more leading-edge products or next-generation products to be seeing orders right now?

Yeah. First of all, thanks, Jonathan. So I think if you look at the demand that we're seeing, the demand that we're fulfilling, I should say, for this year, I really see that on momentum on the back of our 800 gig pluggable and then the associated line systems and the platforms that we have available and shipping today. A key thing that I maybe didn't touch on in my comments, I'll just emphasize, is that the roadmap we launched at OFC, I touched on the fact that it's largely oriented towards 2027. But a key note there is that roadmap was designed with a real focus on AI and cloud customers and designed in collaboration with some of those customers. So we talk a lot about that customer collaboration. I talked about it at CMD a little bit. We talk about it quite a bit internally, and that's a good example. And then as I would just sort of give you macro broad brush orders, I think what we see in orders generally is some elongation in orders in terms of a desire for for a longer term, you know, a longer term commitment on orders. And that's, of course, you know, that's also something we're seeing in terms of our demand back into the supply chain, providing longer term commitments. And I think that's very normal with the kind of demand expansion we're seeing in the lead times. And I think if you look at, you know, our peers or other players in our ecosystem in this space, they're all saying similar things. So I would say that that's very consistent for us as well.

Understood. And I know you don't want to talk about growth in networks and optical separately, but it's been quite a big increase in your guidance from 10% to 12% to 18% to 20%. And is most of that from optical, or are you going to see a meaningful acceleration in your IP side from Q2 onwards, which could, say, take you towards the double-digit 10% kind of growth rate there by the end of the year?

Yeah, I would say that the optimism we have on the 18 to 20 is across both sides of the business right now.

Thanks, Shinarda. We'll take our next question from Artem Beletsky from SEB. Artem, please go ahead.

Yes, hi, and thank you for taking my questions. I would like to ask on AI and cloud-related orders. So I think book-to-bill was around three in the quarter, and when do you actually expect some catch-up to be seen in terms of deliveries? And could you maybe talk still about some potential delivery constraints what you have in this area?

Yeah, I think, Artem, first of all, I'd say, you know, So right now I'm focused on maximizing the opportunity that we see, and I don't see the book to bill as something we need to catch up to. Our focus right now is on just maximizing the demand. As I said as well, we are starting to see some elongation of the order cycle, which is normal in these. And then in terms of constraints, I mean, I won't get into too much detail, but I think generally there's a fair amount of constraint in the semiconductor ecosystem in general. You know, we don't talk about it, but if you think about, you know, the kinds of lead times you hear across the, you know, the semiconductor manufacturers, the leading players, I think that gives you a pretty good indication of, you know, what lead times are. And then obviously in other areas, at the scale that we're building Indian Phosphide as an industry, obviously that's driving demand back into the supply chain that we need to build capacity for. And so we're working on that as well. And that gets a little bit to the point on investment. As you think about investment, I would think about it in optical in a few ways, right? One is investing and scaling the capability and capacity. We're obviously bringing on the second fab. But it's scaling production and capability into the supply chain. And then, of course, continuing to invest in the product portfolio to make sure we're maximizing the coverage of the portfolio against the market demand that we see.

Thanks, Artem. Did you have a quick follow-up?

Yes, I had actually. So just relating to fixed networks, so you do highlight some headwind coming from consumer premise fiber business that is not seen strategic. Is it something that should be prevailing throughout this year or how we should think about it?

Yeah, I think it's something that is going to, we're going to continue to be disciplined throughout the year. And there's probably two things to consider here. You know, one is the macro market on fiber, you know, particularly with what's happening in the U.S. We talked about some of this last year with the CapEx builds of the, you know, the tier one and tier two operators obviously beat us in tailwind. So we feel good about the underlying business, but we want to make sure that we're focused on the right type of business for us long term. And so, you know, we expect that we'll continue to have some headwind on the CPE side as we become more disciplined in that space. focus on the areas where it's valued. We also think this is a business that has good long-term prospects and data center. And we launched at OFC. I didn't touch on it, but at OFC, we launched out-of-band management, an out-of-band management solution oriented towards data centers. So we really like this business and we realized it was a bit of a tough quarter. It's just a situation where we're going through what I think is a, you know, a very intentional transition to making sure the business has a long-term sustainable growth profile, not just in top line, but more importantly, in gross margin and operating profit.

Thanks, Artun. We'll take our next question from Simon Leopold from Raymond James. Simon, please go ahead.

Thank you, David. So the first thing I wanted to touch on was in the past, you've floated this idea of growing the switching business by on the order of a billion dollars into hyperscale opportunities. I'm wondering with, given sort of the commentary today and the wins you've had, could you update us on really the current opportunities in the sales funnel and longer-term prospects for this business unit?

Yeah, I don't, you know, Simon, I'm not sure there's much more that we'll say than what we described, but maybe just to kind of break it down a little bit, you know, good design wins in Q1, those don't show up meaningfully in orders. They're in pipeline, but they're not in orders in Q1. So we expect to see some of that, you know, start to flow in in Q2. And as you likely know, you know, these businesses are more design win driven. And what I mean by that is it's not, you know, it's not a procurement event where you kind of you have a procurement. And then if you're awarded that, you win that procurement, then you go to the next procurement. It's more about getting designed into a specific use case and application. And so so that means that the sales cycle is a little bit longer, but encouraged by the progress that we're making here. And, you know, we'll continue to update you as we, you know, as we as we see the longer term forecast. But but I'm really pleased with the work that the team's doing and and the progress we're making.

And then as a quick follow up here, it does seem as if the press release cadence in the mobility business has stepped up a bit. And you didn't talk that much about it today, but I just want to get a better feeling. You mentioned the field trial for the AI RAN. I'm wondering if there's any movement changing your view on how this particular business unit in mobility RAN might be trending, particularly relative to how you talked about it last quarter.

Yeah, I think, first of all, Simon, a couple of things. One is we touched on this a little bit in our segment performance shows it, and I think we touched on it. Overall, the telco market is flat. I think what we realize is that strategically, this is a market where, you know, we need to find new sources of value. And those can come either from enabling new services for the telcos to monetize or a business that's less CapEx intensive. And I think we fundamentally believe that the future is much more of an evolution and is software driven. We've talked about that in a number of forums. What I'm very pleased about right now is that the AI ran trials and the engagement around a model that will fundamentally be different for the baseband because we'll start to detach software innovation. And what I mean by that is not just not just features, but actual performance enhancements from the underlying hardware, just like you see, you know, model performance gets better in AI with, you know, with with GPUs. But you continue to see model performance improve even over the life of the same GPU. It's one of the benefits of that architecture. You know, we see that same thing coming in this part of the business. And so I'm really pleased that we're seeing such strong interest interest from the industry. And I think, you know, this is a business, as I said, at CMD, our focus is not on making the business, you know, necessarily a growth business because the underlying market is not growing, but to make it one that's much more profitable and delivers an attractive return on invested capital. And that's our focus. Very pleased with the start the team has coming together in MI. Obviously, a lot more work to do and a big milestone later this year with NVIDIA.

Thanks, Simon. We'll take our next question from Rob Saunders at Deutsche Bank. Rob, please go ahead.

Yeah, hi. Thanks for taking my question. Maybe just a question around profitability and optical. I think originally with the Infanera deal, you were looking at double-digit operating margin, but clearly you're stepping up your investment. So I was just wondering if you're still sort of on track to hit that target, maybe by next year. The second question would just be around hiring. and opex um given the opportunity is clearly growing uh what is your uh you know view around opex growth this year thank you do you want you want to take this yeah what comes to the optical

uh just like being when we announced the deal uh uh in in um you know infinera deal we we said that And we aim for WGD and operating margins and this is something we are still believing in. We've seen a very good synergy work that the teams have been doing and we are on track or actually ahead of our targets when it comes to Synergy captures. So we're very pleased with that work and also when it comes to... uh if you look the combination of these two companies uh how well they actually complemented each other and this has been extremely successful uh among our customers as well so we we have had very good design wins we were very fast to to decide on the roadmap and this is one reason why we've seen these good wins on the optical side so there's a lot of a lot of um um positive things that we've seen uh thanks to that uh integration and acquisition yeah and when comes to opex we we just said that we invest in capturing these opportunities uh in um in optical side and and just like justin mentioned earlier uh supply is constrained so we are investing and securing that we get the supply that is needed so we focus on that otherwise we

don't guide any specific complex numbers thanks Rob we'll take our next question from Ulrich Ratha from Bernstein Ulrich please go ahead thanks very much I have two questions the first one would be

so you're maintaining the group EBIT outlook with this higher growth in optical IP and you're explaining that that you want to secure growth with higher investments could you talk a little bit more about the mix of these costs. Is this more R&D? Is it more sales and marketing? Is it more into production? Just more color on that cost increase would be helpful. That would be

my first one. I think first of all, Ulrich, and I'll let Marco add if he needs to, but just to remind you, we always provide a range and we give you some direction on the range, right? So we're not changing our guidance, which is the range. What we, you know, and we said we're slightly above, you know, we're guiding somewhat above the midpoint, right? So the key thing here for us is as we look at the business, we're making investments and you touched on a number of them. It's R&D, obviously sales and marketing and production. And Marco just touched on some of that, right? There's obviously, you know, there's CapEx, you know, with the work that we're doing around the fab. But there's also there's also investment in OpEx and scaling capability and manufacturing. And, you know, if you just think about what's happening in this part of the business, particularly around optical, we're going we're also going through a massive step function and volume as an industry. And so that means that we actually have to do we have to do work to mature the supply chain, mature the production capability as an industry. And we're not immune to that. So we're investing to make sure that we're successful in that and then we can capture the fullness of the

opportunity around us. I think this is pretty much the same actually if you look also the whole industry in optical side so the whole supply chain is doing the same as well to secure that we actually can capture those demand opportunities but still there's more demand than supply so So that's why it's important that we invest in capturing these opportunities.

Did you have a follow-up for it?

A quick follow-up, maybe. On this guidance upgrade and for the optical growth, there still seems to be a relative dearth of customer announcements with hyperscalers. Could you talk about the reasons? You talked in the past about that you don't actually care that much. You'd rather care about the business. But is there possibly a hesitation on the side of the hyperscalers to talk about Nokia, given Nokia is not a U.S. company? Or are there any other specific reasons why you wouldn't have sort of more meaningful announcement that tell us, you know, what you're doing with which hyperscaler and these kinds of questions?

Yeah, I think, Ulrich, you probably have to talk to, you know, to our customer, or you perhaps hear who they are, but you could ask customers about us. From my perspective, that's not my priority. My priority is making sure we're partnering with them effectively, we're delivering what they need, and we're helping them execute on their strategies. That's my focus. And obviously, we're capturing our share of the opportunity that's out there. So that's where I spend my time. Obviously, I think what's a little bit different about us than some of the U.S. players more broadly is that we also don't have a concentration dynamic because the business is more diversified. And so that may be also something, but there's no indication that I get that there's any kind

of geopolitical dynamic to this. Thanks, Ulrich. We'll take our next question from Richard Kramer from Arete. Richard, please go ahead. Thanks very much. Justin, you mentioned the elongation

of the order book. Can you tell us how much of that billion of new contracts orders is firm i.e. that you have purchase orders against it versus long-term sort of frame contracts, just to understand the timing of realizing that additional incremental billion of orders?

Yeah. Actually, Richard, this is a great question. So just to clarify, we have actually across the business, including with our telco customers, we have multi-year frame agreements. And sometimes we announce some of those. But the only thing you see in orders is firm purchase orders with delivery dates. What we haven't dimensionalized for you is anything, you know, kind of above a certain lead time. But we are, you know, one thing we are seeing is, you know, is some of that elongation. But I see that as a net positive because I think, you know, it's tied to the demand, the underlying demand for the products. And it helps us with predictability and capacity planning. So for me, it's a positive in terms of how we're managing and scaling the business.

Did you have a quick follow-up, Richard?

From Marco.

Yes, please. Quick one from Marco. Given the working capital buildup, the employee incentives, the $750 to $850 million of pending capex to your $900 to $1 billion expectation restructuring and so on, will year-end cash be materially lower than what we see now? It just feels like you have a lot of cash constraints or drains on the business in the next two to three quarters.

Yeah, thank you. yeah just like you said we had a very good cash generation in quarter one and quarter two is lower but we do generate cash continuously uh year by year as well and we are also securing that we have a very good cash position to have the freedom to make decisions that we need to do of course always allowing us to follow the capital allocation principles that we have in the company that first priority is on R&D and and the second is to find other investments in organic that could support our growth and and then dividend and if if we deem to have excess capital then we can consider to buybacks as well but we are quite confident about our

customization. Thanks, Richard. We'll take our next question from Felix Henriksen from Nordea.

Felix, please go ahead. Thanks, guys, and congrats for a strong order quarter. Given the unprecedented demand in AI and cloud and also the supply constraint market environment across the sector, is pricing something that's contributing to your guidance upgrade in optical and IP? Are you starting to see, you know, support from raising prices for that? Thanks.

Yeah. Thanks for that. Maybe I'll comment. Marco, you may want to add. But I think in general, in general, what we see is if you look at optical, you've actually got structurally, you've got a cost curve that's probably coming down, which is enabling scaling. And so I would say in general, we don't see, you know, there's not a contribution on pricing. It's much more unit volume. What I will say is I think we acknowledge that there are some cases where pricing is going up. I mean, memory has been talked about quite a bit, you know, as a structural pivot. And that's a place where, you know, we have some exposure across the business. And obviously, we're working with customers on that because in our minds, that's something that's structural that we're, you know, in some cases we're passing on. In other cases, we're, you know, we're also working on things like redesigning our products. But again, you know, those are those are focuses that we're working on mitigating. And then, you know, but in general, I would say if you look at the growth, it's much more volume driven than it is price driven.

And just building on that, if you think the new launches that we introduced also in the OFC, the main focus is power of the bid. So how can we improve the power of a bid for our customers? Because that's one of the main KPIs they have. So helping them to improve their cost base.

Did you have a quick follow-up, Felix?

Yeah, just a quick one. I'm not sure if I missed it already, but can you just comment on how long the lead times between getting the order to actual revenues and optical are at the moment? Just trying to get a sense of these 1 billion incremental AI and cloud orders for Q1, whether or not those who are already supported 2026 or more so for 2027.

Yeah, I don't think we gave you a specific one, Felix, but I think dimensioning probably for the broader demand that we see is like, you know, in the optical space is 12 to 18 I mean, as you know, there's always exceptions in these things where some things might be sooner, you know, depending on the specific product. but that's probably a good way to think about the broader lead times we're seeing today.

Thanks, Alex. We'll take our next question from Sandeep Dishbanda from J.P. Morgan. Sandeep, please go ahead.

Sandeep, we can't hear you. Perhaps your line is on mute.

Hi, sorry. My first question is regarding the switching business of Nokia. On the optical side, you probably have all the hyperscalers as customers at this point. Like you've announced in the past few quarters wins on switches at multiple hyperscalers. Would you suggest at this point that you have fairly broad exposure in terms of at least what is the future design with activity or future shipments at all the hyperscalers? Or is it still very limited to one or two hyperscalers in terms of your switching business?

I don't know if I'll give you that much dimensioning, Sandeep, but I would say that as you look at the AI and cloud customer base, the macro AI and cloud customer base, there's a set of different strategies that each one pursues. And I'd say the places where we get traction is where our portfolio fits our strategy. That's probably the best way to give you the answer. Did you have a quick follow-up, Sandeep?

But is it broader today than it was, say, a year ago, the customer base?

Yeah, I think it's – yeah, I guess I don't quite measure it that way. I'm looking more at the design wins in the footprint, and I think that's certainly broader based on what we see today than it was a year ago.

Thank you. And I have a quick follow-up on the financials. Marco, I mean, well before your time, I mean, Nokia in the past, in terms of merger M&A, in terms of integration, has had problems. Clearly, at this point, you have tremendous growth. so that is helping the the top line very significantly but has the company got a structured process in place such that in terms of the integration with your infinera that this underlying doesn't have any issues going in the in the in the mid to long term and then secondly given that there is a new fab ramping up as well later this year are there any risks associated with that later in the year given typically with semiconductor fab ramp ups they can have issues you

First of all, we've looked at the integration, as I mentioned earlier as well, that we are tracking extremely well on that compared to our own targets and also what we guided the street. And we've been actually doing it better than we expected. So the team is extremely focused on securing the integration and speed is extremely important here. So I understand your comment on the past, perhaps, but this is definitely going well, and we're extremely happy with the progress. You want to? Yeah, maybe I'll just add on that.

I would just say, Sandeep, two things. One is, if you look underneath this, even if you took the growth out, I think you'd see very solid execution on the integration. I think the team's done really well. One of the most important things in integration that's a driver of outcome is cultural. And, you know, one thing that was clear to me when I went to OFC was I could not, you know, everybody was a Nokia, was a member of Team Nokia. There wasn't an Infinera Nokia team. It was one team. That's hugely important, right, for being successful. The two other comments I'll make here is one acquisition, as you well know, does not a trend make in terms of successful execution and integration. So we have more work to do before we decide where we're effective at this. And it's something that with the focus we put under the chief corporate development officer, Constantine, you know, obviously, one is making sure we find the right business for the right place for our portfolio businesses. You know, two is obviously being smart with how we think about capital allocation in terms of of M&A, where we believe that's accretive to our strategy. And then three is making sure we actually execute the integration. So that's a place where I'm pleased with the work that he and the team are doing, obviously in close partnership with Marco, with our chief people officer, with all the key functions and the business presidents. But there's a journey here, and I think the net here is Infanera has been a good one. We need to get the learnings on that and then make sure we also don't forget the lessons from some of the challenges we've had in the past.

and then we'll get to the manufacturing remember that indium uh phosphory is quite different compared to silicon manufacturing so this is uh uh first of all much lower capex needed but also it's it's um it's faster and and um and i think that our team is working extremely well and understanding based on the learnings also from the fab one uh we are transferring those into the FAP2 and very good learnings from FAP1. I don't know, Justin, if you want to say something more.

No, I would just say our guide, the only thing I would add is I think our guidance is risk-balanced understanding, contemplating that ramp. And the reality is FAP2 is a fraction of the ramp for 26. It's much more material to longer term.

Thanks, Andy. We'll take our next question from Jacob Bluestone from BNP Paribas. Jacob, please go ahead.

Thanks for taking the question. So I had a question on the sort of margin progression as your IP revenues scale. I mean, you've put through a sizable increase in your revenue guidance for some of the components for NI, but it's a sort of more modest change in your language at a group level. So if you can maybe just help us understand for IP in particular, as that business starts to accelerate, is it a bit like what we've seen on Optical where initially it's perhaps not quite as accretive to margins? And then as that business starts to gain scale, it becomes a lot more margin accretive as well. So just if you can help us sort of understand the drivers there.

I think the way I think about it, Jacob, is, you know, I think probably like any business, there's a scaling effect right i guess for me that the big focus right now is on capturing the opportunity and making sure it's a creative profit into the company um that that's the

priority i don't know marco if you'd add anything no it is and always in when you're uh starting with the new products um it takes some time to to get the profitability up and that's why we also mentioned that we we see some uh some impact that um in in nri for first of uh first half of this year uh but just like uh justin said that these are definitely corrective to to operating profit and um and we see good opportunities there just um ask about your standards um ask about your

standards go ahead jacob oh so just have a quick follow-up just on the san jose fab can you maybe would just help us understand um and if there's any way to quantify whether that will cover your

internal needs uh from the outset or or not yeah i mean i think i think as we we've talked about

uh san jose gives us support certainly support for the growth that we see um and uh and and expansion capacity for us as well beyond beyond the portfolio that we have today and the volume that we see in the market so um so you know that that doesn't mean that we you know you know we won't look at ways to accelerate um you know further accelerate capacity because as we said we think long term this is a structural market and we're pretty uniquely positioned as one of a few manufacturers with indian phosphide manufacturing capability at scale um but but we think that too gives us certainly gives us the runway for uh for the new term thanks jacob

we'll take our next question from sebastian stabowitz from kepler sebastian please go ahead

yeah thanks for taking my question on optic uh the main opportunity for nokia rim and scale across with optical line system and your plugable optics but i'm just curious have you seen any specific opportunity uh building up around co-package optic on your package optic because the market seems to be quite bullish or there are a lot of demand beginning of those days yeah i think on

On that side, we've not made any announcements there. At OFC, we've demonstrated some technology development, but no announcements at this time.

Okay. And a follow-up on Infina and the synergies. Previously, we were talking about maybe generating the 200 million synergies in 2026 instead of 2027. Are you still on track with that? And attached to this question, given the accelerated investment, Is it just to assume still a nice improvement of margin in optical networks this year, or not? Thank you.

Yeah, thank you, Sebastian. Yeah, the synergy, as I said earlier, we are tracking very well and a little bit ahead of our schedule. We originally said that it will take three years from the closing, and we said that we are tracking somewhat better than that. and we we see the impact of synergies already in our quarterly reports as well just like in quarter one we we mentioned that that infinera acquisition synergies are benefiting optical business and and we will see those

throughout the year as well thanks Sebastian we'll take our next question from Oliver Wong from Bank of America Oliver please go ahead you guys make

for taking my question. Another question on going back to the Q1 AI orders and just your backlog and AI orders in general. I guess you mentioned that the lead times in optical and I think IP are 12 to 18 months currently, but you also significantly increased your growth assumptions for this year for optical and IP. So I was wondering, are these orders, you know, even though the lead times are up to 18 months or is much of this still, you know, quite kind of, you know, near-term loaded? And also, in terms of, you know, the IP growth expected this year, I presume that most of that is from a switch is this. But you mentioned kind of, you know, getting design wins and then that translating into orders starting next quarter. So, you know, are a lot of these design wins expected to kind of, you know, translate into revenues this year?

I think as we touched on, some of the design wins will start ramping this year. And, yeah, and I should clarify, we talked a little bit about optical being 12 to 18 months. Yeah, I think you've heard other peers in the industry talk, or some of the players, actually the ecosystem peers, talk about being sold out over multiple years. I think that's probably a pretty good indication of where we see the optical side. IP is a little bit shorter, but I would say, you know, there's parts of that supply chain that have constraints. And so, obviously, we work closely with customers on forecasting and planning. And as we said, the only thing we register are the actual, you know, purchase orders themselves. That's what you'll see translated to orders.

Thanks, Oliver. We'll take our last question this morning from Emil Eminen from DMB Carnegie. Emil, please go ahead.

Thanks for taking my question. So, we have a question about 27% growth or saving.

Well, we can barely hear you. Your line is very hard to hear. Can you hear me now? Yeah, that's a bit better.

Yeah, so the broker's saying between 7% market growth that you're now seeing is 16%. Could you comment on, is that volume or is that price-driven? It's volume-driven. Okay, in that case, given the Fab 2 coming online now, at the end of this year, does that mean that you're dealing with a third fund, maybe? Because I think previously you said that you were planning your current capacity to the earlier growth you were seeing in demand.

Yeah, I think one thing we've, maybe just to clarify in case we haven't clarified in the past, You know, FAB2, when we shared in November, what we talked about was FAB2 being able to be sufficient to meet the demands of the guidance we provided, and there was additional capacity on top. Obviously, we're not making any announcements about, you know, additional manufacturing capacity at this time, but that's the way I would think about it, is that in the prior guidance, there was excess capacity and ability to build. I would take the investment, you know, if you kind of stitch the conversation together, I'll stitch it together for you. You're making additional investments. That probably means that we're, you know, part of what we're doing there is investing in ramping the, you know, FAB2, you know, at scale. And again, it's not just the FAB, it's all the components of the supply chain because that FAB produces a critical component, which is the, you know, which is the optical component. But there's also a DSP, there's other components in our pluggables, and there's also, you know, many other components in our subsystems, you know, from the ecosystem. So all of that factors into this. Great. Thanks for clarifying.

And thank you, ladies and gentlemen, for joining us today. This concludes today's call. I would like to remind you that during the call today, we have made a number of forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results currently expected. Factors that could cause such differences can be both external as well as internal operating factors. We have identified such risks in the risk factor section of our annual report on Form 20F, which is available on our Invest Relations website. Thank you all.