NRC 10-K
Nrc Health (NRC)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
| | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended
or
| | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For the transition period from ________ to ________ |
Commission File Number
National Research Corporation
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
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Securities registered pursuant to 12(b) of the Act:
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | | ☒ | |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | | |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.) Yes
Aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at June 30, 2021: $
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, $.001 par value, outstanding as of February 25, 2022:
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
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Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections |
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters |
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Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
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| Business |
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain matters discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified as such because the context of the statement includes phrases such as National Research Corporation, doing business as NRC Health (“NRC Health,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or similar terms), “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “could,” “anticipates,” or the use of words such as “would,” “may,” “could,” or “should,” or other words of similar import. Similarly, statements that describe our future plans, objectives or goals are also forward-looking statements. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, statements regarding the future impact of adopting new accounting standards, value and utility of, and market demand for, our service offerings, future opportunities for growth with respect to new and existing clients, our future ability to compete and the types of firms with which we will compete, future consolidation in the healthcare industry, future adequacy of our liquidity sources, future revenue sources, future revenue growth, future revenue estimates used to calculate recurring contract value, future capital expenditures and the timing, amount, and sources of cash to fund such capital expenditures, future stock repurchases and dividends, the expected impact of pending claims and contingencies, the future outcome of uncertain tax positions, our future use of owned and leased real property, the source of funds for future payments of deferred purchase price obligations and other cash expenses, the future phase out of LIBOR and applicable replacement benchmark rates and the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related government mandates and recommendations, among others, are forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those currently anticipated. Factors that could affect actual results or outcomes include, without limitation, the following factors:
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The likelihood that the COVID-19 pandemic will adversely affect our operations, sales, earnings, financial condition and liquidity; |
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The possibility of non-renewal of our client service contracts, reductions in services purchased or prices, and failure to retain key clients; |
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Our ability to compete in our markets, which are highly competitive with new market entrants, and the possibility of increased price pressure and expenses; |
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The effects of an economic downturn; |
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The impact of consolidation in the healthcare industry; |
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The impact of federal healthcare reform legislation or other regulatory changes; |
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Our ability to attract and retain key managers and other personnel; |
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The possibility that our intellectual property and other proprietary information technology could be copied or independently developed by our competitors; |
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The possibility for failures or deficiencies in our information technology platform; |
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The possibility that we or our third-party providers could be subject to cyber-attacks, security breaches or computer viruses; and |
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The factors set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and various disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Shareholders, potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these and other factors in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included are only made as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and we undertake no obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances, except as required by the federal securities laws.
General
Our purpose is to establish human understanding by enabling our clients to understand what matters most to each person they serve. We are a leading provider of analytics and insights that facilitate measurement and improvement of patient engagement and customer loyalty for healthcare organizations. Our heritage, proprietary methods, and holistic approach enable our partners to better understand the people they care for and design experiences that inspire loyalty and trust, while also facilitating regulatory compliance and the shift to population-based health management. Our ability to measure what matters most and systematically capture, analyze and deliver insights based on self-reported information from patients, families and consumers is critical in today’s healthcare market. We believe that access to and analysis of our extensive consumer-driven information is becoming more valuable as healthcare providers increasingly need to more deeply understand and engage the people they serve to build customer loyalty.
Our expertise includes the efficient capture, transmittal, benchmarking, analysis and interpretation of critical data elements from millions of healthcare consumers. Using our solutions, our clients gain insights into what people think and feel about their organizations in real-time, allowing them to build on their strengths and resolve service issues with greater speed and personalization. We also provide legacy experience-based solutions and shared intelligence from industry thought leaders and the nation’s largest member network focused on healthcare governance and strategy to member boards and executives.
Our portfolio of subscription-based solutions provides actionable information and analysis to healthcare organizations across a range of mission-critical, constituent-related elements, including patient experience, service recovery, care transitions, health risk assessments, employee engagement, reputation management and brand loyalty. We partner with clients across the continuum of healthcare services. We believe this cross-continuum positioning is a unique and an increasingly important capability as evolving payment models drive healthcare providers and payers towards a more collaborative and integrated service model.
We have a broad and diversified client base that is distributed primarily across the United States. Our ten largest clients collectively accounted for 14%, 14%, and 16% of our total revenue in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Approximately 2%, 2% and 3% of our revenue was derived from foreign customers in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
We have achieved a market leadership position through our more than 40 years of industry innovation and experience, as well as our long-term, recurring revenue relationships (solutions that are used or required by a client each year) with many of the healthcare industry’s largest organizations. Since our founding in 1981, we have focused on meeting the evolving information needs of the healthcare industry through internal product development, as well as select acquisitions. We are a Delaware corporation headquartered in Lincoln, Nebraska.
Human Understanding Solutions
Our portfolio of solutions collectively provide a comprehensive set of capabilities that enable healthcare providers to collect, measure and analyze data collected across the patient journey to understand the preferences, experiences and needs of the people they serve. Our digital solutions consist of three primary solution categories which can be implemented both collectively as an enterprise solution or individually to meet specific needs within the organization. The primary solution categories include Market Insights solutions, Transparency solutions, and Experience solutions.
Market Insights Solutions – Our Market Insights solutions are subscription-based services that allow for improved tracking of awareness, perception, and consistency of healthcare brands; real-time assessment of competitive differentiators; and enhanced segmentation tools to evaluate the needs, wants, and behaviors of communities through real-time competitive assessments and enhanced segmentation tools. Market Insights is the largest U.S. healthcare consumer database of its kind, measuring the opinions and behaviors of approximately 300,000 healthcare consumers across the contiguous United States annually. Our Market Insights is a syndicated survey that provides clients with an independent third-party source of information that is used to understand consumer perception and preferences and optimize marketing strategies. Our Market Insights solutions provide clients with on-demand tools to measure brand value and build brand equity in their markets, evaluate and optimize advertising efficacy and consumer recall, and tailor research to obtain the real time voice of customer feedback to support branding and loyalty initiatives.
Experience Solutions – Our Experience solutions are provided on a subscription basis via a cross-continuum multi-mode digital platform that collects and measures data and then delivers business intelligence that our clients utilize to improve patient experience, engagement and loyalty. Patient experience data can also be collected on a periodic basis using CAHPS compliant mail and telephone survey methods for regulatory compliance purposes and to monitor and measure improvement in CAHPS survey scores. Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (“CAHPS”) survey data can be collected and measured as an integrated service within our digital platform or independently as a legacy service offering. Our Experience solutions provide healthcare systems the ability to receive and take action on customer and employee feedback across all care settings in real-time. Experience solutions include patient experience, workforce engagement, health risk assessments, care transition, and improvement tools. These solutions enable clients to comply with regulatory requirements and to improve their reimbursement under value-based purchasing models. More importantly, our Experience solutions provide quantitative and qualitative real-time feedback, improvement plans, and coaching insights. By illuminating the complete care journey in real time, our clients are able to ensure each individual receives the care, respect, and experience he or she deserves. Developing a longitudinal profile of what healthcare customers want and need allows for organizational improvement and increased customer loyalty.
Our Experience solutions also include the Transitions solution to drive effective communication between healthcare providers and patients in the critical 24-72 hours post discharge using an automated discharge call workflow supported by our digital platform. Through preference-based communications and real-time alerts, these solutions enable organizations to identify and manage high-risk patients to reduce readmissions, increase patient satisfaction and support safe care transitions. Tracking, trending and benchmarking tools isolate the key areas for process improvement allowing organizations to implement changes and reduce future readmissions.
Transparency Solutions – Our Transparency solutions allow healthcare organizations to share a picture of their organization and ensure that timely and relevant content informs better consumer decision-making. Our Star Ratings solution enables clients to publish a five-star rating metric and verified patient feedback derived from actual patient survey data to complement their online physician information. Sharing this feedback not only results in better-informed consumer decision-making but also has the ability to drive new patient acquisition and grow online physician reputation. Our Reputation Monitoring solution alerts clients to ratings and reviews on third-party websites and provides workflows for response and service recovery. These solutions raise physician awareness of survey results and provide access to improvement resources and educational development opportunities designed to improve the way care is delivered.
The Governance Institute
Our Governance solutions, branded as The Governance Institute (“TGI”), serves not-for-profit health system boards of directors, executives, and physician leadership. TGI’s subscription-based, value-driven membership services are provided through national conferences, publications, advisory services, and an online portal designed to improve the effectiveness of hospital and healthcare systems by continually strengthening their board governance, strategic planning, medical leadership, management performance and customer loyalty. TGI also conducts research studies and tracks industry trends showcasing emerging healthcare trends and best practice solutions of healthcare system boards across the country. TGI thought leadership helps our client board members and executives inform and guide their organization’s strategic priorities in alignment with the rapidly changing healthcare market.
For additional information on our operating segment and our revenue and assets by geographic area, see Note 13, “Segment Information,” to our consolidated financial statements.
Markets
Growth Strategy
We believe that the value proposition of our current solutions, combined with the favorable alignment of our solutions with emerging market demand, positions us to benefit from multiple growth opportunities. We believe that we can accelerate our growth through (1) increasing scope of services and sales of our existing solutions to our existing clients (or cross-selling), (2) winning additional new clients through market share growth in existing market segments, (3) developing and introducing new solutions to new and existing clients, and (4) pursuing acquisitions of, or investments in, firms providing products, solutions or technologies which complement ours.
Increasing contract value with existing clients. Approximately 32% of our existing clients purchase more than one of our solutions. Our sales organization actively identifies and pursues cross-sell opportunities for clients to add additional solutions in order to accelerate our growth. Organic contract value growth is also realized by the increased scope of solution adoption as the size of client organizations increase from market expansion and consolidation.
Adding new clients. We believe that there is an opportunity to add new clients across all existing market segments. Our sales organization is actively identifying and engaging new client prospects with a focus on demonstrating the economic value derived from adopting the portfolio of solutions in alignment with the prospect’s strategic objectives.
Adding new solutions. The need for effective solutions in the market segments that we serve is evolving to align with emerging healthcare consumerism trends. The evolving market creates an opportunity for us to introduce new solutions that leverage and extend our existing core competencies. We believe that there is an opportunity to drive sales growth with both existing and new clients, across all of the market segments that we serve, through the introduction of new solutions.
Pursue strategic acquisitions and investments. We have historically complemented our organic growth with strategic acquisitions, having completed eight such transactions over the past nineteen years. These transactions have added new capabilities and access to market segments that are adjacent and complementary to our existing solutions and market segments. We believe that additional strategic acquisition and/or investment opportunities will exist from time to time to complement our organic growth by further expanding our service capabilities, technology offerings and end markets.
We generate the majority of our revenue from the renewal of subscription-based client service agreements, supplemented by sales of additional solutions to existing clients and the addition of new clients. Our sales activities are carried out by our direct sales organization staffed with professional, trained sales associates.
We engage in marketing activities that enhance our brand visibility in the marketplace, generate demand for our solutions and engage existing clients. Strategic campaigns and programs focus on (1) ensuring coverage of prospective clients via targeted advertising and account-based campaigns, (2) elevating client value evidence and success stories to an executive level profile, (3) engaging key stakeholders with content, programming and events and (4) amplifying thought leadership through public and media relations programs that include earning placement in national media and trade publications, securing podium presentations at key industry events and winning awards on behalf of us and our executives.
Competition
The healthcare information and market research services industry is highly competitive. We have traditionally competed with healthcare organizations’ internal marketing, market research, and/or quality improvement departments which create their own performance measurement tools, and with relatively small specialty research firms which provide survey-based healthcare market research and/or performance assessment. Our primary competitors among such specialty firms include Press Ganey, which we believe has significantly higher annual revenue than us, and several other organizations that we believe have less annual revenue than us. We also compete with market research firms and technology solutions which provide survey-based, general market research or voice of the customer feedback capabilities and firms that provide services or products that complement healthcare performance assessments such as healthcare software or information systems.
We believe the primary competitive factors within our market include quality of service, timeliness of delivery, unique service capabilities, credibility of provider, industry experience, and price. We believe that our industry leadership position, exclusive focus on the healthcare industry, cross-continuum presence, comprehensive portfolio of solutions and relationships with leading healthcare payers and providers position us to compete in this market.
Although only a few of these competitors have offered specific services that compete directly with our solutions, many of these competitors have substantially greater financial, information gathering, and marketing resources than us and could decide to increase their resource commitments to our market. There are relatively few barriers to entry into our market, and we expect increased competition in our market which could adversely affect our operating results through pricing pressure, increased marketing expenditures, and market share losses, among other factors. There can be no assurance that we will continue to compete successfully against existing or new competitors.
We believe that our competitive strengths include the following:
A leading provider of patient experience solutions for healthcare providers, payers and other healthcare organizations. Our history is based on capturing the voice of the consumer in healthcare markets. Our solutions build on the “Eight Dimensions of Patient-Centered Care,” a philosophy developed by noted patient advocate Harvey Picker, who believed patients’ experiences are integral to quality healthcare. This foundation has been enhanced through our digital platform offering that provides the delivery of data and insights on a real time basis to understand what matters most to each individual. Based on our more than 40 years of experience, we are able to deliver unique and relevant healthcare domain expertise to the clients we serve.
Established client base of leading healthcare organizations. Our client portfolio encompasses a majority of the leading healthcare systems across the United States. Over 275 of the top 400 healthcare systems based on net patient revenue are currently using one or more of our solutions. Our client base provides a unique network effect to share best practices among existing clients and to attract new clients. Our existing client base also provides a significant organic growth opportunity to upsell and cross sell additional solutions.
Highly scalable and visible revenue model. Our solutions are offered primarily through fixed price, subscription-based service agreements. The solutions we provide are also recurring in nature, which enables an ongoing relationship with our clients and favorable retention. This combination of subscription-based revenue, a base of ongoing client renewals and automated platforms creates a highly visible and scalable revenue model.
Comprehensive portfolio of solutions. We offer a portfolio of solutions that provide insights across the patient journey, which is unique in the healthcare industry. Our solutions enable the collection of data and insights from individuals prior to receiving care and then throughout their care journey from first encounter to after completion of their care. The data and insights provided through our solutions enable our clients to better understand what matters most to each person they serve to meet expectations and increase customer loyalty.
Exclusive focus on healthcare. We focus exclusively on healthcare and serving the unique needs of healthcare organizations across the continuum, which we believe gives us a distinct competitive advantage compared to other survey and analytics software providers. Our value proposition incorporates the benefits to clients derived from our deep subject matter expertise that has been built from helping healthcare organizations over the past 40 years. Our platform includes features and capabilities built specifically for healthcare providers, including a library of performance improvement content which can be tailored to the provider based on their specific customer feedback profile.
Experienced senior management team led by our founder. Our senior management team has extensive industry and leadership experience. Michael D. Hays, our Chief Executive Officer and President, founded NRC Health in 1981. Prior to launching the Company, Mr. Hays served as Vice President and as a Director of SRI Research Center, Inc. (now known as the Gallup Organization). Our Chief Financial Officer, Kevin Karas, CPA, has extensive financial experience having served as CFO at two previous companies, along with healthcare experience at Rehab Designs of America, Inc. and NovaCare, Inc. Jona Raasch has served as our Chief Operating Officer for most of the last 30 years and as Chief Executive Officer of the Governance Institute for more than 15 years. Helen Hrdy was appointed as our Chief Growth Officer in 2020. Prior to this position Ms. Hrdy served as our Senior Vice President, Customer Success, for eight years.
Resources
Our success depends in part upon our data collection processes, research methods, data analysis techniques and internal systems, and procedures that we have developed specifically to serve clients in the healthcare industry. We have no patents for most of our intellectual property. Consequently, we rely on a combination of copyright and trade secret laws and associate nondisclosure agreements to protect our systems, survey instruments and procedures. There can be no assurance that the steps we have taken to protect our rights will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of such rights or that third parties will not independently develop functionally equivalent or superior systems or procedures. We believe that our systems and procedures and other proprietary rights do not infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties. There can be no assurance, however, that third parties will not assert infringement claims against us in the future or that any such claims will not result in protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of such claims or whether we are ultimately successful in defending against such claims.
Government Regulation
According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”), health expenditures in the United States were approximately $4.1 trillion in 2020, or $12,530 per person. In total, health spending accounted for 19.7% of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product in 2020. Addressing this growing expenditure burden continues to be a major policy priority at both federal and state levels. In addition, increased co-pays and deductibles in healthcare plans have focused even more consumer attention on health spending and affordability. In the public sector, Medicare provides health coverage for individuals aged 65 and older, while Medicaid provides coverage for low-income families and other individuals in need. Both programs are administered by the CMS. With the aging of the U.S. population, Medicare enrollment has increased significantly. In addition, longer life spans and greater prevalence of chronic illnesses among both the Medicare and Medicaid populations have placed tremendous demands on the health care system.
An increasing percentage of Medicare reimbursement and reimbursement from commercial payers has been determined under value payment models, based on factors such as patient readmission rates and provider adherence to certain quality-related protocols. At the same time, many hospitals and other providers are creating new models of care delivery to improve patient experience, reduce cost and provide better clinical outcomes. These new models are based on sharing financial risk and managing the health and behaviors of large populations of patients and consumers. This transformation towards value-based payment models and increased engagement of healthcare consumers is resulting in a greater need for existing healthcare providers to deliver more customer-centric healthcare. At the same time, organizations that have successfully developed effective customer service models and brand loyalty in other industry verticals are entering the healthcare services market.
We believe that our current portfolio of solutions is uniquely aligned to address these healthcare market trends and related business opportunity. We provide tools and solutions to capture, interpret and improve the CAHPS data required by CMS as well as real time feedback that enables clients to better understand what matters most to people at key moments in their relationship with a health organization. Our solutions enable our clients to both satisfy patient survey compliance requirements and design experiences to build loyalty and improve the wellbeing of the people and communities they care for.
Human Capital
As of December 31, 2021, we employed a total of 511 associates, 10 of those were employed in Canada. None of our associates are represented by a collective bargaining unit. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of our associates are working remotely with very successful results. We attract a passionate team of associates who care deeply about making a difference in advancing “Human Understanding” in healthcare. We consider our relationships with our associates to be good.
We are committed to providing a workplace free of harassment or discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, genetic information, ancestry, veteran status, or disability. We are an equal opportunity employer committed to inclusion and diversity.
Available Information
More information regarding NRC Health is available on our website at www.nrchealth.com. We are not including the information contained on or available through our website as part of, or incorporating such information by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports are made available to the public at no charge through a link appearing on our website. We provide access to such materials through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing such material with, or furnishing it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Reports and amendments posted on our website do not include access to exhibits and supplemental schedules electronically filed with the reports or amendments.
| Risk Factors |
You should carefully consider each of the risks described below, together with all of the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before making an investment decision with respect to our securities. If any of the following risks develop into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to our Business
We could be negatively impacted by the Coronavirus or “COVID-19” outbreak or other similar outbreaks.
The outbreak of COVID-19, and the associated responses, have impacted our business in a variety of ways. Governments have implemented business and travel restrictions and recommended social distancing and other guidelines. Many businesses, including many of our clients, have de-emphasized external business opportunities and restricted in-person meetings while shifting their attention toward addressing COVID-19 planning, business disruptions, higher costs, and revenue shortfalls. Although the impact on our healthcare clients has varied, many of our clients have experienced decreased revenues, contracting margins, and cash losses. Some clients’ cost reducing measures have included and could continue to include reducing or eliminating the services they purchase from us. While these circumstances did not significantly impact our financial position or results of operations in 2020 and 2021, the negative impact could continue to increase.
We rely on third-party service providers and business partners, for services or supplies that are critical to providing our clients’ services. These include activities such as internet, cloud data storage, information technology services, and survey related services. These third parties are also subject to risks and uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may interfere with their ability to provide their services in a timely manner and in accordance with the agreed-upon terms or our agreements, which could interfere with our ability to operate our business.
At NRC, the vast majority of our associates are working remotely, and to date we have been capable of providing our services without significant disruption. We have made our facilities available for associates to return to work effective July 1, 2021 at their discretion. Historically, we have relied on national travel as part of our sales efforts, but as a result of the pandemic we had placed a temporary hold on all company related travel. We modified our travel policy and limited travel did resume in the third quarter of 2021. To date, we are still capable of providing our services without interruption and without significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting. However, we may need to develop or adapt to new ways of doing business that challenge our leadership, our associate training, our human resources, and our business practices, and we cannot assure you that we will be successful in doing so. The short and long-term costs associated with these potential changes are difficult to quantify. For these and other reasons, the outbreak and associated responses could negatively affect our business, and the impact could be material.
To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and stock price, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.
We depend on contract renewals, including retention of key clients, for a large share of our revenue and our operating results could be adversely affected.
We expect that a substantial portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future will continue to be derived from renewable service contracts. Substantially all contracts are renewable annually at the option of our clients, although contracts with clients under unit-based arrangements generally have no minimum purchase commitments. Client contracts are generally cancelable on short notice without penalty, however we are entitled to payment for services through the cancellation date. To the extent that clients fail to renew or defer their renewals, we anticipate our results may be materially adversely affected. We rely on a limited number of key clients for a substantial portion of our revenue. Our ten largest clients collectively accounted for 14%, 14%, and 16% of our total revenue in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Our ability to secure renewals depends on, among other things, our ability to gather and analyze performance data in a consistent, high-quality, and timely fashion. In addition, the service needs of our clients are affected by accreditation requirements, enrollment in managed care plans, the level of use of satisfaction measures in healthcare organizations’ overall management and compensation programs, the size of operating budgets, clients’ operating performance, industry and economic conditions, and changes in management or ownership. As these factors are beyond our control, we cannot ensure that we will be able to maintain our renewal rates. Any material decline in renewal rates from existing levels would have an adverse effect on our revenue and a corresponding effect on our operating and net income.
We operate in a highly competitive market and could experience increased price pressure and expenses as a result.
The healthcare information and market research services industry is highly competitive. We have traditionally competed with healthcare organizations’ internal marketing, market research and/or quality improvement departments that create their own performance measurement tools, and with relatively small specialty research firms that provide survey-based healthcare market research and/or performance assessment. Our primary competitors among such specialty firms include Press Ganey, which we believe has significantly higher annual revenue than us, and three or four other firms that we believe have lower annual revenue than us. We also compete with market research firms and technology solutions which provide survey-based, general market research or voice of the customer feedback capabilities and firms that provide services or products that complement healthcare performance assessments, such as healthcare software or information systems. Although only a few of these competitors have offered specific services that compete directly with our services, many of these competitors have substantially greater financial, information gathering, and marketing resources than us and could decide to increase their resource commitments to our market. There are relatively few barriers to entry into our market, and we expect increased competition in our market which could adversely affect our operating results through pricing pressure, increased marketing expenditures, and market share losses, among other factors. There can be no assurance that we will continue to compete successfully against existing or new competitors.
Because our clients are concentrated in the healthcare industry, our revenue and operating results may be adversely affected by changes in regulations, a business downturn or consolidation with respect to the healthcare industry.
Substantially all of our revenue is derived from clients in the healthcare industry. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations are influenced by conditions affecting this industry, including changing political, economic, competitive and regulatory influences that may affect the procurement practices and operation of healthcare providers and payers. Future legislative changes, including additional provisions to control healthcare costs, improve healthcare quality and expand access to health insurance, could result in lower reimbursement rates and otherwise change the environment in which providers and payers operate. In addition, large private purchasers of healthcare services are placing increasing cost pressure on providers. Healthcare providers may react to these cost pressures and other uncertainties by curtailing or deferring purchases, including purchases of our services.
Moreover, there has been consolidation of companies in the healthcare industry, a trend which we believe will continue to grow. Consolidation in this industry, including the potential acquisition of certain of our clients, could adversely affect aggregate client budgets for our services, could result in clients performing more marketing, market research and/or quality improvement functions internally or could result in the termination of a client’s relationship with us. The impact of these developments on the healthcare industry is difficult to predict and could have an adverse effect on our revenue and a corresponding effect on our operating and net income.
We rely on third parties for data collection and other services whose actions could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We outsource certain operations and engage third parties to perform work needed to fulfill our client services. For example, we use vendors to perform certain printing, mailing, information transmittal and other services related to our survey operations. If any of these vendors cease to operate or fail to adequately perform the contracted services and alternative resources and processes are not utilized in a timely manner, our business could be adversely affected. The loss of any of our key vendors could impair our ability to perform our client services and result in lower revenues and income. It would also be time-consuming and expensive to replace, either directly or through other vendors, the services performed by these vendors, which could adversely impact revenues, expenses and net income. Furthermore, our ability to monitor and direct our vendors’ activities is limited. If their actions and business practices violate policies, regulations or procedures otherwise considered illegal, we could be subject to reputational damage or litigation which would adversely affect our business.
We face several risks relating to our ability to collect the data on which our business relies.
Our ability to provide timely and accurate performance measurement and improvement services to our clients depends on our ability to collect large quantities of high-quality data through surveys and interviews. If our mail survey operations are disrupted and we are unable to mail our surveys in a timely manner, then our revenue and net income could be negatively impacted. If receptivity to our survey and interview methods by respondents declines, or, for some other reason, their willingness to complete and return surveys declines, or if we, for any reason, cannot rely on the integrity of the data we receive, then our revenue could be adversely affected with a corresponding effect on our operating and net income. We also rely on third-party panels of pre-recruited consumer households to produce our Market Insights in a timely manner. If we are not able to continue to use these panels, or the time period in which we use these panels is altered and we cannot find alternative panels on a timely, cost-competitive basis, we could face an increase in our costs or an inability to effectively produce our Market Insights. In either case, our operating and net income could be negatively affected.
If intellectual property and other proprietary information technology were copied or independently developed by our competitors, our operating results could be negatively affected.
Our success depends in part upon our data collection process, research methods, data analysis techniques, and internal systems and procedures that we have developed specifically to serve clients in the healthcare industry. We have no patents for most of our intellectual property. Consequently, we rely on a combination of copyright, trade secret laws and associate nondisclosure agreements to protect our systems, survey instruments and procedures. We cannot assure you that the steps we have taken to protect our rights will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of such rights, or that third parties will not independently develop functionally equivalent or superior systems or procedures. We believe that our systems and procedures and other proprietary rights do not infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties. We cannot assure you, however, that third parties will not assert infringement claims against us in the future, or that any such claims will not result in protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of such claims, or whether we are ultimately successful in defending against such claims.
Failures or deficiencies in our information technology platform could negatively impact our operating results.
Our ability to provide client service is dependent, to a significant extent, upon the technology that we develop internally. Investment in the enhancement of existing and development of new information technology processes is costly and affects our ability to successfully serve our clients. The failure or deficiency of the technology we develop could negatively impact the willingness or ability for our clients to use our services and our ability to perform our services. Our failure to anticipate clients’ expectation and needs, adapt to emerging technological trends, or design efficient and effective information technology platforms, could result in lower utilization, loss of customers, damage to customer relationships, reduced revenue and profits, refunds to customers and damage to our reputation. Although we have procedures to monitor the efficacy of our information technology platforms, the procedures may not prevent failures or deficiencies in the information technology platforms we develop, we may not adapt quickly enough and may incur significant costs and delays that could harm our business. Additional costs could be incurred to further develop and improve our information technology platforms.
Our business and operating results could be adversely affected if we experience business interruptions or failure of our information technology and communication systems.
Our ability to provide timely and accurate performance measurement and improvement services to our clients depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our information technology and communication systems, and those of our external service providers. Our systems and those of our external service providers could be exposed to damage or interruption from fire, natural disasters, energy loss, telecommunication failure, security breach and computer viruses. An operational failure or outage in our information technology and communication systems or those of our external service providers, could result in loss of customers, damage to customer relationships, reduced revenue and profits, refunds of customer charges and damage to our reputation and may result in additional expense to repair or replace damaged equipment and recover data loss resulting from the interruption. Although we have taken steps to prevent system failures and have back-up systems and procedures to prevent or reduce disruptions, such steps may not prevent an interruption of services and our disaster recovery planning may not account for all contingencies. Additionally, our insurance may not adequately compensate us for all losses or failures that may occur. Any one of the above situations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and reputation.
If we sustain cyber-attacks or other privacy or data security incidents that result in security breaches that disrupt our operations or result in the unintended dissemination of protected personal information or proprietary or confidential information, we could suffer a loss of revenue and increased costs, exposure to significant liability, reputational harm and other serious negative consequences.
In connection with our client services, we receive, process, store and transmit sensitive business information and, in certain circumstances, personal medical information of our clients’ patients, electronically over the internet. We may become the target of attempted cyber-attacks and other security threats and may be subject to breaches of the information technology systems we use. Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our security controls and access, misappropriate or otherwise compromise protected personal information or proprietary or confidential information or that of third-parties, create system disruptions or cause system shutdowns that could negatively affect our operations. They also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, ransomware, and other malicious software programs that attack our systems or otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities.
We were the target of an external cyber-attack in February 2020 (the “February incident”) which resulted in a temporary suspension of our services to clients. We will likely continue to be the target of other attempted cyber-attacks and security threats. Such cyber-attacks may subject us to litigation and regulatory risk, civil and criminal penalties, additional costs and diversion of management attention due to investigation, remediation efforts and engagement of third party consultants and legal counsel in connection with such incidents, payment of “ransoms” to regain access to our systems and information, loss of clients, damage to client relationships, reduced revenue and profits, refunds of client charges and damage to our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. While we have contingency plans and insurance coverage for potential liabilities of this nature, they may not be sufficient to cover all claims and liabilities and in some cases are subject to deductibles and layers of self-insured retention.
We cannot ensure that we will be able to identify, prevent or contain the effects of cyber-attacks or other cybersecurity risks that bypass our security measures or disrupt our information technology systems or business. We have security technologies, processes and procedures in place to protect against cybersecurity risks and security breaches. However, hardware, software or applications we develop or procure from third parties may contain defects in design, manufacturer defects or other problems that could unexpectedly compromise information security. In addition, because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems change frequently, are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and may not immediately produce signs of intrusion, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques, timely discover or counter them or implement adequate preventative measures.
In addition, we use third-party technology, systems and services for a variety of reasons, including, without limitation, encryption and authentication technology, employee email, content delivery to clients, back-office support, and other functions that in some cases involve processing, storing and transmitting large amounts of data for our business. These third-party providers may also experience security breaches or interruptions to their information technology hardware and software infrastructure and communications systems that could adversely impact us.
Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or HITECH, implementing regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or “HHS,” including what are referred to as the “Privacy Rule” and the “Security Rule” (collectively, “HIPAA”), we face potential liability related to the privacy of health information we obtain. We are required through our contracts with our clients and by HIPAA to protect the privacy and security of certain health information and to make certain disclosures to our clients or to the public if this information is unlawfully accessed.
Changes in privacy and information security laws and standards may require we incur significant expense to ensure compliance due to increased technology investment and operational procedures. Noncompliance with any privacy or security laws and regulations, including, without limitation, HIPPA, or any security breach, cyber-attack or cybersecurity breach, and any incident involving the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure or use of, or access to, sensitive or confidential information, whether by us or by one of our third-party service providers, could require us to expend significant resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures and to remediate any damage. In addition, this could negatively affect our operations, cause system disruptions, damage our reputation, cause client losses and contract breaches, and could also result in regulatory enforcement actions, material fines and penalties, litigation or other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. Even if cyber-attacks or other cybersecurity breaches do not result in noncompliance with privacy or security laws, the perception that such noncompliance may have occurred by our clients or in the news media may have an adverse impact on our stock price and could result in damage to our reputation or loss of clients, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.
Reputational harm could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to maintain a good reputation is critical to selling our services. Our reputation could be adversely impacted by any of the following (whether or not valid): the failure to maintain high ethical and social standards; the failure to perform our client services in a timely manner; violations of laws and regulations; failure to adequately preserve information security; and the failure to maintain an effective system of internal controls or to provide accurate and timely financial information. Damage to our reputation or loss of our clients’ confidence in our services for any of these, or any other reasons, could adversely impact our business, revenues, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as require additional resources to rebuild our reputation.
Our operations are subject to laws and regulations that impose significant compliance costs and create reputational and legal risk.
Due to the nature of the services we offer, we are subject to significant commercial, trade and privacy regulations. We cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our operations might be subject or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted, which could have a material and negative impact on our business and our results of operation. For example, recent years have seen an increase in the development or enforcement of legislation related to healthcare reform, privacy, trade compliance and anti-corruption. Additionally, some of the services we provide include information our clients need to fulfill regulatory reporting requirements. If our services result in errors or omissions in our clients’ regulatory reporting, we may be subject to loss of clients, reputational harm or litigation, each potentially adversely impacting our business. Furthermore, although we maintain a variety of internal policies and controls designed to educate, discourage, prevent and detect violations of such laws, we cannot guarantee that such actions will be effective or sufficient or that individual employees will not engage in inappropriate behavior in breach of our policies. Such conduct, or even an allegation of misbehavior, could result in material adverse reputational harm, costly investigations, severe criminal or civil sanctions, or could disrupt our business, and could negatively affect our results of operations or financial condition.
Our growth strategy includes future acquisitions and/or investments which involve inherent risk.
In order to expand services or technologies to existing clients and increase our client base, we have historically, and may in the future, make strategic business acquisitions and/or investments that we believe complement our business. Acquisitions have inherent risks which may have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, or results of operations, including, among other things: (1) failure to successfully integrate the purchased operations, technologies, products or services and maintain uniform standard controls, policies and procedures; (2) substantial unanticipated integration costs; (3) loss of key associates including those of the acquired business; (4) diversion of management’s attention from other operations; (5) failure to retain the customers of the acquired business; (6) failure to achieve any projected synergies and performance targets; (7) additional debt and/or assumption of known or unknown liabilities; (8) dilutive issuances of equity securities; and (9) a write-off of goodwill, software development costs, client lists, other intangibles and amortization of expenses. If we fail to successfully complete acquisitions or integrate acquired businesses, we may not achieve projected results and there may be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
Our principal shareholders effectively control the Company.
A majority of our common stock and voting power was historically owned and/or held by Michael D. Hays, our Chief Executive Officer and President. However, over the years Mr. Hays, for estate planning purposes, gifted and/or transferred almost all of his directly owned shares to trusts for the benefit of his family. Currently, the principal holders of shares previously owned by Mr. Hays are the Common Property Trust and the Amandla MK Trust (collectively the “Trusts”).
As of February 25, 2022, approximately 42.6% of our outstanding common stock was owned by the Trusts and approximately 52.4% of our outstanding common stock was held by the Trusts and other entities owned or controlled by members of Mr. Hays’ family. As a result, the Trusts and these other entities have the power to indirectly control decisions such as whether to issue additional shares or declare and pay dividends and can control matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of significant corporate matters such as change of control transactions. The effects of such influence could be to delay or prevent a change of control of the Company unless the terms are approved by the Trusts and these other entities.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile and shareholders may be unable to resell shares at or above the price at which the shares were acquired.
The market price and trading volume of our common stock has historically been and may continue to be highly volatile, and investors in our common stock may experience a decrease in the value of their shares, including decreases that are in response to factors beyond our control, including, but not limited to:
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Variations in our financial performance and that of similar companies; |
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Regulatory and other developments that may impact the demand for our services; |
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Reaction to our press releases, public announcements and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission; |
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Client, market and industry perception of our services and performance; |
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Actions of our competitors; |
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Changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by analysts who follow our stock; |
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Loss of key personnel; |
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Investor, management team or large stockholder sales of our stock; |
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Changes in accounting principles; and |
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Variations in general market, economic and political conditions or financial markets. |
Any of these factors, among others, may result in changes in the trading volume and/or market price of our common stock. Following periods of volatility in the market price of securities, shareholders have often filed securities class-action lawsuits. Our involvement in a class-action lawsuit would result in substantial legal fees and divert our senior management’s attention from operating our business, which could harm our business and net income.
General Risk Factors
Our operating results may fluctuate and this may cause our stock price to decline.
Our overall operating results may fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, including the size and timing of orders from clients, client demand for our services (which, in turn, is affected by factors such as accreditation requirements, enrollment in managed care plans, operating budgets and clients’ operating performance), the hiring and training of additional staff, expense increases, and industry and general economic conditions. Because a significant portion of our overhead is fixed in the short-term, particularly some costs associated with owning and occupying our building and full-time personnel expenses, our results of operations may be materially adversely affected in any particular period if revenue falls below our expectations. These factors, among others, make it possible that in some future period our operating results may be below the expectations of securities analysts and investors which would have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
Our business and operating results could be adversely affected if we are unable to attract or retain key managers and other personnel.
Our future performance may depend, to a significant extent, upon the efforts and ability of our key personnel who have expertise in gathering, interpreting and marketing survey-based performance information for healthcare markets. Although client relationships are managed at many levels within our company, the loss of the services of Michael D. Hays, our Chief Executive Officer and President, or one or more of our other senior managers, could have a material adverse effect, at least in the short to medium term, on most significant aspects of our business, including strategic planning, product development, and sales and customer relations. Our success will also depend on our ability to hire, train and retain skilled personnel in all areas of our business. Competition for qualified personnel in our industry is intense, and many of the companies that compete with us for qualified personnel have substantially greater financial and other resources than us. Furthermore, we expect competition for qualified personnel to become more intense as competition in our industry increases. We cannot assure you that we will be able to recruit, retain and motivate a sufficient number of qualified personnel to compete successfully.
Like many other companies, we experienced higher attrition rates in 2021. We may incur higher costs to attract, train and retain these associates. Attrition in our sales and service areas can also impact our ability to retain and attract new business. We may need to develop or adapt to new ways of doing business that challenge our leadership, our associate training, our human resources, and our business practices, and we cannot assure you that we will be successful in doing so. The short and long-term costs associated with these potential changes are difficult to quantify.
Failure to comply with public company regulations could adversely impact our profitability.
As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of NASDAQ and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Additionally, laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are subject to varying interpretations and continue to develop and change. If we misinterpret or fail to comply with these rules and regulations, our legal and financial compliance costs and net income may be adversely affected.
| Unresolved Staff Comments |
We have no unresolved staff comments to report pursuant to this item.
| Properties |
Our headquarters is located in an owned office building in Lincoln, Nebraska, of which 62,000 square feet have been used for operations. Our credit facilities are secured by this property and our other assets. We are currently renovating the building and expect renovations to complete in early 2023. In February 2021, we began leasing 19,300 square feet of space in Lincoln, Nebraska for our survey programming, printing and distribution previously housed at our headquarters.
We are leasing 4,000 square feet of office space in Markham, Ontario, 6,500 square feet of office space in Atlanta, Georgia, 1,000 square feet of office space in Bethel, Connecticut and 100 square feet of office space in Nashville, Tennessee as a month-to month lease. We are also subleasing as a sublessor 4,300 square feet of office space in Seattle, Washington. In January 2022, the leased space in Atlanta, Georgia will be reduced to a 300 square feet month-to-month lease. Due to our decision to close the Canadian office, the Markham, Ontario lease will also be terminated in late 2022.
| Legal Proceedings |
From time to time, we are involved in certain claims and litigation arising in the normal course of business. Management assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and recognizes a liability when a loss is probable and estimable. For additional information, see Note 1, under the heading “Commitments and Contingencies,” to our consolidated financial statements. Regardless of the final outcome, any legal proceedings, claims, inquiries and investigations, however, can impose a significant burden on management and employees, may include costly defense and settlement costs, and could cause harm to our reputation and brand, and other factors.
| Mine Safety Disclosures |
Not applicable.
| Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Currently we have one class of outstanding capital stock, which is our Common Stock, par value $.001 per share (“Common Stock”). Our Common Stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “NRC”.
Cash dividends in the aggregate amount of $12.2 million were declared in 2021 with $9.2 million paid in 2021 and the remaining $3.0 million paid in January 2022. Cash dividends in the aggregate amount of $5.3 million were declared and paid in 2020. Cash dividends in the aggregate amount of $19.4 million were declared in 2019 with $14.2 million paid in 2019 and the remaining $5.2 million paid in January 2020. The payment and amount of future dividends, if any, is at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on our future earnings, financial condition, general business conditions, alternative uses of our earnings and cash and other factors.
On February 16, 2022, there were approximately 11 shareholders of record and approximately 11,814 beneficial owners of our Common Stock.
Our Board of Directors has authorized a stock repurchase program that initially provided for the repurchase of up to 2,250,000 shares of our Common Stock.
The table below summarizes repurchases of Common Stock during the three-month period ended December 31, 2021.
| Period |
Total Number of Shares Purchased |
Average Price Paid per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1) |
Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(1) |
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| Oct 1 – Oct 31, 2021 |
-- | -- | -- | 280,491 | ||||||||||||
| Nov 1 – Nov 30, 2021 |
24,298 | 41.48 | 24,298 | 256,193 | ||||||||||||
| Dec 1 – Dec 31, 2021 |
94,846
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(2) | 41.53 | 87,250 | 168,943 | |||||||||||
(1)Shares were repurchased pursuant to a repurchase plan originally announced on February 14, 2006. The repurchase plan was subsequently amended to permit the repurchase of up to 2,250,000 shares of Common Stock.
(2)Includes 7,596 shares of Common Stock that were owned by an associate and surrendered to us as payment of the exercise price for, and to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with, the exercise of stock options.
See Item 12 in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for certain information concerning shares of our Common Stock authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans.
The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return provided shareholders on our Common Stock relative to the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite Index and the Russell 2000 Index. An investment of $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) is assumed to have been made in our Common Stock and in each of the indexes on December 31, 2016, and our relative performance is tracked through December 31, 2021.
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
| 12/16 |
12/17 |
12/18 |
12/19 |
12/20 |
12/21 |
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| National Research Corporation Common Stock (1) |
100.00 | 199.11 | 209.79 | 368.11 | 239.77 | 235.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
| NASDAQ Composite |
100.00 | 129.64 | 125.96 | 172.17 | 249.51 | 304.85 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Russell 2000 |
100.00 | 114.65 | 102.02 | 128.06 | 153.62 | 176.39 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1)Prior to a recapitalization that took place in 2018, our Common Stock was referred to as Class A Common Stock.
| [Reserved] |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following discussion and analysis provides a summary of significant factors relevant to our financial performance and condition. It should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2021 and 2020 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2021 and 2020. Discussions of 2019 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2020 and 2019 are not included in this Form 10-K, and can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
Overview
Our purpose is to establish human understanding by enabling our clients to understand what matters most to each person they serve. We are a leading provider of analytics and insights that facilitate measurement and improvement of patient engagement and customer loyalty for healthcare organizations. Our heritage, proprietary methods, and holistic approach enable our partners to better understand the people they care for and design experiences that inspire loyalty and trust, while also facilitating regulatory compliance and the shift to population-based health management. Our ability to measure what matters most and systematically capture, analyze and deliver insights based on self-reported information from patients, families and consumers is critical in today’s healthcare market. We believe that access to and analysis of our extensive consumer-driven information is becoming more valuable as healthcare providers increasingly need to more deeply understand and engage the people they serve to build customer loyalty.
Our portfolio of subscription-based solutions provides actionable information and analysis to healthcare organizations across a range of mission-critical, constituent-related elements, including patient experience, service recovery, care transitions, health risk assessments, employee engagement, reputation management, and brand loyalty. We partner with clients across the continuum of healthcare services. We believe this cross-continuum positioning is a unique and an increasingly important capability as evolving payment models drive healthcare providers and payers towards a more collaborative and integrated service model.
The outbreak of COVID-19, and the associated responses, have impacted our business in a variety of ways. Governments have implemented business and travel restrictions and recommended social distancing and other guidelines. Many businesses, including many of our clients, have de-emphasized external business opportunities and restricted in-person meetings while shifting their attention toward addressing COVID-19 planning, business disruptions, higher costs, and revenue shortfalls. At NRC, the vast majority of our associates are working remotely, and to date we have been capable of providing our services without significant disruption. We have made our facilities available for associates to return to work effective July 1, 2021 at their discretion. Historically, we have relied on national travel as part of our sales efforts, but as a result of the pandemic we had placed a temporary hold on all company related travel. We modified our travel policy and limited travel did resume in the third quarter of 2021. The duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated impacts on our business, including the impact on our revenue, expenses, and cash flows, cannot be predicted at this time. Like many other companies, we experienced higher attrition rates in 2021. We may incur higher costs to attract, train and retain these associates. Attrition in our sales and service areas can also impact our ability to retain and attract new business. Based on the foregoing, we do not expect our recent revenue and earnings growth to be indicative of future expectations. We do, however, expect to have adequate sources of liquidity to meet our current and expected needs for the foreseeable future.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported therein. The following areas are considered critical accounting estimates because they involve significant judgments or assumptions, involve complex or uncertain matters or they are susceptible to change and the impact could be material to our financial condition or operating results:
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Revenue recognition; and |
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Valuation of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets. |
Revenue Recognition
We derive a majority of our revenue from annually renewable subscription-based service agreements with our customers. Such agreements are generally cancelable on short or no notice without penalty. We also derive revenue from fixed, non-subscription arrangements. Our revenue recognition policy requires management to estimate, among other factors, the future contract consideration we expect to receive under variable consideration subscription arrangements as well as future total estimated contract costs over the contract term with respect to fixed, non-subscription arrangements. If management made different judgments and estimates, then the amount and timing of revenue for any period could differ from the reported revenue. See Notes 1 and 3 to our consolidated financial statements for a description of our revenue recognition policies.
Valuation of Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include customer relationships, trade names, technology, and goodwill. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment with other long-lived assets in the related asset group whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. We review intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually as of October 1 and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. This review requires management to assess qualitative factors to determine whether an impairment may have occurred, which inherently involves management’s judgment. This assessment also requires a determination of the fair value of the asset, which often includes several significant estimates and assumptions, including future cash flow estimates, determination of appropriate discount rates, and other assumptions that management believed reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets. See Notes 1 and 6 to our consolidated financial statements for a description of our goodwill and intangible asset valuation and impairment policies and associated impacts for the reported periods.
In March 2021, we changed our operating segments from six to one to reflect a change in corporate reporting structure to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and chief operating decision maker. In connection with the revision to our operating segments, we performed an interim qualitative analysis immediately before and after the reorganization and concluded that the fair value of our reporting units likely exceeded the carrying values and no impairments were recorded. Following the reorganization, we considered the current and expected future economic and market conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, on our reporting unit. We also assessed our current market capitalization compared to book value, forecasts and margins in our last quantitative impairment testing. We concluded that a triggering event has not occurred which would require an additional interim impairment test to be performed as it is not more likely than not that an impairment loss had been incurred at December 31, 2021.
Key Financial Metrics and Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, selected financial information derived from our consolidated financial statements and the percentage change in such items versus the prior comparable period, as well as other key financial metrics. The discussion that follows the information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements.
Due to changes in our corporate reporting structure in 2021, certain associates moved between departments. As a result, the related salaries and benefits and company incentive expenses are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the 2021 periods instead of Direct as in the 2020 periods. The total amount of the reclassified expenses approximates $1.9 million in 2021.
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
Percentage Increase (Decrease) |
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| 2021 |
2020 |
2019 |
2021 over 2020 |
2020 over 2019 |
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| Revenue |
$ | 147,954 | $ | 133,277 | $ | 127,982 | 11.0 | 4.1 | ||||||||||||
| Direct expenses |
52,350 | 49,187 | 46,435 | 6.4 | 5.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Selling, general, and administrative |
38,960 | 34,441 | 32,973 | 13.1 | 4.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Depreciation, amortization and impairment |
6,374 | 7,505 | 5,539 | (15.1 | ) |
35.5 | ||||||||||||||
| Operating income |
50,270 | 42,677 | 43,035 | 17.8 | (0.8 | ) |
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| Total other income (expense) |
(1,649 | ) |
(1,210 | ) |
(2,516 | ) |
36.3 | (51.9 | ) |
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| Provision for income taxes |
11,155 | 4,207 | 8,113 | 165.2 | (48.1 | ) |
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| Effective Tax Rate |
22.9 | % |
10.1 | % |
20.0 | % |
12.8 | (9.9 | ) |
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| Operating margin |
34.0 | % |
32.0 | % |
33.6 | % |
2.0 | (1.6 | ) |
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| Recurring Contact Value |
$ | 150,937 | $ | 145,079 | $ | 136,763 | 4.0 | 6.1 | ||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities |
46,344 | 40,636 | 40,917 | 14.0 | (0.7 | ) |
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Revenue. Revenue in 2021 increased compared to 2020, primarily due to new customer sales, as well as increases in sales to the existing client base. During 2020, we also experienced revenue reductions from COVID-19 as some clients reduced or eliminated services they purchased from us as cost reducing measures, which increased our revenue growth in 2021. We expect our revenue growth in 2022 to align more closely in relation to our recurring contract value growth.
Direct expenses. Direct expenses increased in 2021 compared to 2020 due to growth in volume-based data collection costs to support the growth in revenue partially offset by decreased postage, printing, and paper costs primarily resulting from increased use of digital survey methodologies. Conference expenses also increased due to additional conferences being held in 2021 compared to 2020 and shift to allow live or virtual attendance at conferences. Variable expenses as a percentage of revenue have leveled with changes in survey methodologies at 14.4% and 14.2% in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Fixed expenses increased primarily as a result of increased salary and benefit costs to attract and retain associates, contracted services and software and platform hosting expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased in 2021 compared to 2020 primarily due to increases in salary and benefit costs to attract and retain associates, public company and other legal and accounting costs, contracted services, software and platform hosting expenses and other taxes due to a favorable tax ruling in 2020 reversing sales tax expense.
Depreciation, amortization and impairment. Depreciation, amortization and impairment expenses decreased in 2021 compared to 2020 primarily due to additional depreciation and impairment expense in 2020 from shortening the estimated useful lives of certain building assets and a goodwill impairment adjustment for the Canadian reporting unit. This was partially offset by our transformation to a distributed workforce environment, which includes building renovation costs for our headquarters, as well as subleasing a remote office location at a discounted rate, which resulted in an ROU asset impairment in 2021.
Operating income and margin. Operating income and margin grew due to leveraging the revenue growth through the efficiencies inherent within our subscription model as well as the discipline in managing our cost structure.
Total other income (expense). Total other income (expense) increased in total net (expense) primarily due to revaluation on intercompany transactions due to changes in the Canadian to U.S. dollar foreign exchange rate partially offset by lower interest expense due to the declining balance on our term loan.
Provision for income taxes and effective tax rate. Provision for income taxes and effective tax rate grew in 2021 compared to 2020 primarily due to decreased tax benefits from the exercise and vesting of share-based compensation awards and higher state income taxes.
Recurring Contact Value. Recurring contract value grew as sales continued to exceed loss and downsells. Retention rates grew in 2021 compared to 2020, but sales declined due to the difficulties of selling to our clients during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as increased turnover within our sales force. Our recurring contract value growth declined in 2021 in comparison to 2020 due in part to our strategy to focus on growing our digital core solutions, and therefore, the decision was made to eliminate certain legacy offerings. Our recurring contract value metric represents the total revenue projected under all renewable contracts for their respective next annual renewal periods, assuming no upsells, downsells, price increases, or cancellations, measured as of the most recent quarter end.
Cash provided by operating activities. Cash provided by operating activities grew mainly due to growth in cash collections on trades accounts receivable, change in income taxes receivable and payable, and growth in deferred revenue primarily due to timing of initial billings on new and renewal contracts.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our Board of Directors has established priorities for capital allocation, which prioritize funding of innovation and growth investments, including merger and acquisition activity as well as internal projects. The secondary priority is capital allocation for quarterly dividends and share repurchases. We believe that our existing sources of liquidity, including cash and cash equivalents, borrowing availability, and operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our projected capital and debt maturity needs for the foreseeable future.
As of December 31, 2021, our principal sources of liquidity included $54.4 million of cash and cash equivalents, up to $30 million of unused borrowings under our line of credit and up to $15 million on our delayed draw term note. Of this cash, $6.5 million was held in Canada. The delayed draw term note can only be used to fund permitted future business acquisitions or repurchasing our Common Stock.
Our cash flows from operating activities consist of net income adjusted for non-cash items including depreciation and amortization, deferred income taxes, share-based compensation and related taxes, reserve for uncertain tax positions, loss on disposal of property and equipment and the effect of working capital changes. Cash provided by operating activities grew mainly due to strong cash collections on trades accounts receivable, change in income taxes receivable and payable, decreases in deferred contract costs due to the changes in the costs to acquire new sales and growth in deferred revenue primarily due to timing of initial billings on new and renewal contracts. This was partially offset by decreased depreciation, amortization and impairment and increased accrued expenses, wages, and bonuses.
We had a working capital surplus of $33.3 million and $22.4 million on December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The change was primarily due to increases in cash and cash equivalents and prepaid expenses, partially offset by increases in dividends payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue. Dividends payable increased due to timing of declaration and payments of dividends. Prepaid expenses and accrued expenses increased due to timing of payment for services and supplies. Our working capital is significantly impacted by our large deferred revenue balances which will vary based on the timing and frequency of billings on annual agreements.
Cash used in investing activities consisted of acquisition consideration for our January 2021 acquisition of PatientWisdom and purchases of property and equipment including computer software and hardware, leasehold and building improvements and furniture and equipment.
Cash used in financing activities consisted of payments for borrowings under the term note and finance lease obligations. We also used cash to pay payroll tax withholdings related to share-based compensation, repurchase of shares for treasury, and to pay dividends on common stock. This was partially offset by the proceeds from the exercise of share-based awards.
Our material cash requirements include the following contractual and other obligations:
Dividends
Cash dividends in the aggregate amount of $12.2 million were declared in 2021 with $9.2 million paid in 2021 and the remaining $3.0 million paid in January 2022.The dividends were paid from cash on hand. Our board of directors considers whether to declare a dividend and the amount of any dividends declared on a quarterly basis.
Acquisition Consideration
On January 4, 2021, we acquired substantially all assets and assumed certain liabilities of PatientWisdom, Inc., a company with a health engagement solution that will further our purpose of operationalizing human understanding through tangible and actionable insights. $3.0 million of the total $5.0 million all-cash consideration was paid at closing. We paid the remaining $2.0 million in January 2022. All payments were made with cash on hand.
Capital Expenditures
We paid cash of $5.5 million for capital expenditures in the year ended December 31, 2021. These expenditures consisted mainly of computer software development for our Human Understanding solutions and building renovations to our headquarters of $2.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Future costs related to our headquarters building renovations are estimated at $15 million and $7 million in 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Debt
Our amended and restated credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with First National Bank of Omaha (“FNB”) includes (i) a $30,000,000 revolving credit facility (the “Line of Credit”), (ii) a $33,002,069 term loan (the “Term Loan”) and (iii) a $15,000,000 delayed draw-down term facility (the “Delayed Draw Term Loan” and, together with the Line of Credit and the Term Loan, the “Credit Facilities”). We may use the Delayed Draw Term Loan to fund any permitted future business acquisitions or repurchases of our Common Stock and the Line of Credit to fund ongoing working capital needs and for other general corporate purposes.
The Term Loan has an outstanding balance of $26.6 million and is payable in monthly installments of $462,988 through May 2025, with a balloon payment due at maturity in May 2025. The Term Loan bears interest at a fixed rate per annum of 5%.
Borrowings under the Line of Credit and the Delayed Draw Term Loan, if any, bear interest at a floating rate equal to the 30-day London Interbank Offered Rate plus 225 basis points (2.35% at December 31, 2021). Interest on the Line of Credit accrues and is payable monthly. Principal amounts outstanding under the Line of Credit are due and payable in full at maturity, in May 2023. As of December 31, 2021, and 2020, the Line of Credit did not have a balance. There were no borrowings on the Line of Credit during 2021. There have been no borrowings on the Delayed Draw Term Loan since origination.
We are obligated to pay ongoing unused commitment fees quarterly in arrears pursuant to the Line of Credit and the Delayed Draw Term Loan facility at a rate of 0.20% per annum based on the actual daily unused portions of the Line of Credit and the Delayed Draw Term Loan facility, respectively.
The Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants (including financial covenants) and events of default. The negative covenants include, among other things, restrictions regarding the incurrence of indebtedness and liens, repurchases of our Common Stock and acquisitions, subject in each case to certain exceptions. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, we are required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.10x for all testing periods throughout the term(s) of the Credit Facilities, which calculation excludes, unless our liquidity falls below a specified threshold, (i) any cash dividend in a fiscal quarter that, together with all other cash dividends paid or declared during such fiscal quarter, exceeds $5,500,000 in total cash dividends paid or declared, (ii) the portion of the purchase price for any permitted share repurchase of our shares paid with cash on hand, and (iii) the portion of any acquisition consideration for a permitted acquisition paid with cash on hand. We are also required to maintain a cash flow leverage ratio of 3.00x or less for all testing periods throughout the term(s) of the Credit Facilities. All obligations under the Credit Facilities are guaranteed by our subsidiary. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with our financial covenants.
The Credit Facilities are secured, subject to permitted liens and other agreed upon exceptions, by a first-priority lien on and perfected security interest in substantially all of our and our guarantors’ present and future assets (including, without limitation, fee-owned real property, and limited, in the case of the equity interests of foreign subsidiaries, to 65% of the outstanding equity interests of such subsidiaries).
Leases
We have lease arrangements for certain computer, office, printing and inserting equipment as well as office and data center space. As of December 31, 2021, we had fixed lease payments of $531,000 and $488,000 for operating and finance leases, respectively payable within 12 months. A summary of our operating and finance lease obligations as of December 31, 2021 can be found in Note 10, "Leases", to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this report.
Taxes
The liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions was $1.1 million as of December 31, 2021. See Note 7, "Income Taxes", to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this report for income tax related information.
As of December 31, 2021, the balance of the deemed repatriation tax payable imposed by the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the Act”) was $182,000, which we expect to pay by the end of 2022.
We generally do not make unconditional, non-cancelable purchase commitments. We enter into purchase orders in the normal course of business, but these purchase obligations do not exceed one year.
Stock Repurchase Program
Our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,250,000 shares of Common Stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions under a stock repurchase program. We repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time after considering market conditions and in accordance with repurchase limits authorized by our Board. During 2021, we repurchased 111,548 shares of our Common Stock under this authorization for an aggregate of $4.6 million. As of December 31, 2021, the remaining number of shares of Common Stock that could be purchased under this authorization was 168,943 shares, which we expect to repurchase during 2022.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for a description of recently issued accounting pronouncements.
| Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk |
Our primary market risk exposures are changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.
Our Canadian subsidiary uses Canadian dollars as its functional currency. It translates its assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. It translates its revenue and expenses at the average exchange rate during the period. We include translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency translation gains (losses) were $24,000, ($190,000), and $707,000 in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Gains and losses related to transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the countries in which we operate and short-term intercompany accounts are included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of income and amounted to $10,000, ($333,000), and ($483,000) in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. The change is primarily the result of exchange rate fluctuation applied to an intercompany loan from our Canadian subsidiary which was paid off in September 2020. A portion of our cash in our Canadian subsidiary is denominated in foreign currencies, where fluctuations in exchange rates will impact our cash balances in U.S. dollar terms. A sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Canadian dollar would impact our reported cash balance by approximately $648,000. We have not entered into any foreign currency hedging transactions. We do not purchase or hold any currency exchange related derivative financial instruments. We do not expect any foreign currency exposure after the anticpated closure of our Canadian office by the end of 2022.
We are exposed to interest rate risk with both our fixed-rate Term Loan and variable rate Line of Credit. Interest rate changes for borrowings under our fixed-rate Term Loan would impact the fair value of such debt, but do not impact earnings or cash flow. At December 31, 2021, our fixed-rate Term Loan totaled $26.6 million. Based on a sensitivity analysis, a one percent per annum change in market interest rates as of December 31, 2021, would impact the estimated fair value of our fixed-rate Term Loan outstanding at December 31, 2021 by approximately $647,000.
Borrowings under our Line of Credit and Delayed Draw Term Loan, if any, bear interest at a floating rate equal to the 30-day LIBOR plus 225 basis points. Borrowings under the Line of Credit and Delayed Draw Term Note may not exceed $30.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Line of Credit at December 31, 2021, or at any time during 2021. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Delayed Draw Term Note at December 31, 2021, or at any time during 2021. A sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% movement in interest rates applied to the average daily borrowings and the maximum borrowings available under the Line of Credit for 2021 indicated that such a movement would not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We have not entered into any interest rate swaps or hedging transactions.
LIBOR is currently expected to be phased out beginning in 2021 through 2023. The one-week and two-month LIBOR rates were retired on December 31, 2021. The overnight, one-month, three-month, six-month and 12-month LIBOR rates are expected to be published through June 2023. We are required to pay interest on borrowings under our Line of Credit and Delayed Draw Term Loan at floating rates based on the one-month LIBOR. Future debt that we may incur may also require that we pay interest based upon LIBOR. Under the terms of our Credit Agreement with FNB, if LIBOR becomes unavailable during the term of the agreement, FNB may, in its discretion and in a manner consistent with market practice, designate a substitute index. We currently expect that the determination of interest under our Credit Agreement would be revised as to provide for an interest rate that approximates the existing interest rate as calculated in accordance with LIBOR. Despite our current expectations, we cannot be sure that when LIBOR is phased out or transitioned, the changes to the determination of interest under our agreements would approximate the current calculation in accordance with LIBOR. We do not know what standard, if any, will replace LIBOR when it is phased out or transitioned.
| Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors
National Research Corporation:
Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of National Research Corporation and subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Sufficiency of audit evidence over new and modified subscription-based service agreement terms
As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, revenue consists of service arrangement contracts with customers that can include more than one separately identifiable performance obligation. The Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 included $137.0 million for subscription-based service agreements, a portion of which was revenue from new and modified subscription-based service agreements, that was recognized ratably over the subscription period and which agreements are renewable at the option of the customer. Subscription-based service agreements represent a single promise to stand ready to provide reporting, tools and services throughout the subscription period.
We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over the key terms within new and modified subscription-based service agreements as a critical audit matter. Specifically, the nature and extent of procedures performed over the key terms within the new and modified subscription-based service agreements required subjective auditor judgment as recognition of revenue by the Company is dependent on the accuracy of the key terms within the related information technology (IT) application used to calculate revenue. The key terms within the new subscription-based service agreements included the description of service, transaction price, renewal price and contract term, and the key terms within the modified subscription-based service agreements were the transaction price and contract term.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over the accuracy of key terms within the IT application, including the identification of key terms. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s subscription-based service revenue process, including controls related to the key terms within the new and modified subscription-based service agreements. We also tested certain internal controls over the accurate input of the underlying key terms of the subscription-based service agreement into the related IT application. For a sample of revenue transactions, we compared the key terms used in the revenue calculation to the underlying contract with the customer. We evaluated the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained over the key terms within new and modified subscription-based service agreements by assessing the results of procedures performed, including the appropriateness of the nature and extent of audit effort.
/s/
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1997.
March 4, 2022
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share amounts)
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $ and $, respectively | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Income taxes receivable | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Net property and equipment | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Deferred contract costs, net | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | -- | |||||||
| Other | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Current portion of notes payable, net of unamortized debt issuance costs | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||
| Accrued wages and bonuses | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Dividends payable | -- | |||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Other current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Notes payable, net of current portion and unamortized debt issuance costs | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ par value, authorized shares, issued | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ par value; authorized shares in 2021 and shares in 2020, issued in 2021 and in 2020, outstanding in 2021 and in 2020 | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss, foreign currency translation adjustment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Treasury stock, at cost; Common shares in 2021 and Common shares | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total shareholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except share amounts)
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Insurance recoveries | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Direct | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation, amortization and impairment | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||
| Operating income | ||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other, net | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total other income (expense) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | ||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | ||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Earnings per share of common stock: | ||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per share | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares and share equivalents outstanding | ||||||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||||||
| Diluted | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||
| Cumulative translation adjustment | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands except share and per share amounts)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Treasury Stock | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of shares of treasury stock | -- | -- | -- | -- | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares for the exercise of stock options | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of restricted common shares | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash stock compensation expense | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared of $ per common share | -- | -- | ( | ) | -- | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, foreign currency translation adjustment | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of shares of treasury stock | -- | -- | -- | -- | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares for the exercise of stock options | -- | -- | -- | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeiture of restricted common shares | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash stock compensation expense | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared of $ per common share | -- | -- | ( | ) | -- | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, foreign currency translation adjustment | -- | -- | -- | ( | ) | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of shares treasury stock | -- | -- | -- | -- | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares for the exercise of stock options | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash stock compensation expense | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared of $ per common share | -- | -- | ( | ) | -- | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, foreign currency translation adjustment | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation, amortization and impairment | ||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Reserve for uncertain tax positions | ||||||||||||
| Gain on insurance recoveries for damaged property | -- | ( | ) | -- | ||||||||
| Loss on disposal of property and equipment | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Non-cash share-based compensation expense | ||||||||||||
| Change in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Trade accounts receivable | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current and long-term assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Operating lease assets and liability, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Deferred contract costs, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Accrued expenses, wages and bonuses | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Income taxes receivable and payable | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Acquisition consideration | ( | ) | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Insurance proceeds for damaged property | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||
| Borrowings on line of credit | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Payments on line of credit | -- | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Payments on notes payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Payment of debt issuance costs | -- | ( | ) | -- | ||||||||
| Payments on finance lease obligations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from the exercise of stock options | -- | |||||||||||
| Payment of payroll tax withholdings on share-based awards exercised | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repurchase of shares for treasury | ( | ) | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Payment of dividends on common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash paid for: | ||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net of capitalized amounts | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Income taxes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||||||
| Finance lease obligations originated for property and equipment | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Stock tendered to the Company for cashless exercise of stock options in connection with equity incentive plans | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred acquisition consideration | $ | $ | -- | $ | -- | |||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| (1) | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
National Research Corporation, doing business as NRC Health (“NRC Health,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or similar terms), is a leading provider of analytics and insights that facilitate measurement and improvement of the patient and employee experience while also increasing patient engagement and customer loyalty for healthcare organizations in the United States and Canada. Our purpose is to enable human understanding. Our solutions enable health care organizations to understand what matters most to each person they serve. Our portfolio of solutions represents a unique set of capabilities that individually and collectively provide value to our clients.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly-owned subsidiary, National Research Corporation Canada. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Translation of Foreign Currencies
Our Canadian subsidiary uses Canadian dollars as its functional currency. It translates its assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. It translates its revenue and expenses at the average exchange rate during the period. We include translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity. Gains and losses related to transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the country in which we operate and short-term intercompany accounts are included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of income.
Revenue Recognition
We derive a majority of our revenues from our annually renewable subscription-based service agreements with our customers, which include performance measurement and improvement services, healthcare analytics and governance education services. Such agreements are generally cancelable on short or no notice without penalty. See Note 3 for further information about our contracts with customers. We account for revenue using the following steps:
| ● | Identify the contract, or contracts, with a customer; | |
| ● | Identify the performance obligations in the contract; | |
| ● | Determine the transaction price; | |
| ● | Allocate the transaction price to the identified performance obligations; and | |
| ● | Recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy the performance obligations. |
Our revenue arrangements with a client may include combinations of more than one service offering which may be executed at the same time, or within close proximity of one another. We combine contracts with the same customer into a single contract for accounting purposes when the contract is entered into at or near the same time and the contracts are negotiated together. For contracts that contain more than one separately identifiable performance obligation, the total transaction price is allocated to the identified performance obligations based upon the relative stand-alone selling prices of the performance obligations. The stand-alone selling prices are based on an observable price for services sold to other comparable customers, when available, or an estimated selling price using a cost-plus margin or residual approach. We estimate the amount of total contract consideration we expect to receive for variable arrangements based on the most likely amount we expect to earn from the arrangement based on the expected quantities of services we expect to provide and the contractual pricing based on those quantities. We only include some or a portion of variable consideration in the transaction price when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. We consider the sensitivity of the estimate, our relationship and experience with the client and variable services being performed, the range of possible revenue amounts and the magnitude of the variable consideration to the overall arrangement. Our revenue arrangements do not contain any significant financing element due to the contract terms and the timing between when consideration is received and when the service is provided.
Our arrangements with customers consist principally of four different types of arrangements: 1) subscription-based service agreements; 2) one-time specified services performed at a single point in time; 3) fixed, non-subscription service agreements; and 4) unit-priced service agreements.
Subscription-based services - Services that are provided under subscription-based service agreements are usually for a twelve- month period and represent a single promise to stand ready to provide reporting, tools and services throughout the subscription period as requested by the customer. These agreements are renewable at the option of the customer at the completion of the initial contract term for an agreed upon price increase each year. These agreements represent a series of distinct monthly services that are substantially the same, with the same pattern of transfer to the customer as the customer receives and consumes the benefits throughout the contract period. Accordingly, subscription services are recognized ratably over the subscription period. Subscription services are typically billed annually in advance but may also be billed on a quarterly and monthly basis.
One-time services – These agreements typically require us to perform a specific one-time service in a particular month. We are entitled to a fixed payment upon completion of the service. Under these arrangements, we recognize revenue at the point in time we complete the service and it is accepted by the customer.
Fixed, non-subscription services – These arrangements typically require us to perform an unspecified amount of services for a fixed price during a fixed period of time. Revenues are recognized over time based upon the costs incurred to date in relation to the total estimated contract costs. In determining cost estimates, management uses historical and forecasted cost information which is based on estimated volumes, external and internal costs and other factors necessary in estimating the total costs over the term of the contract. Changes in estimates are accounted for using a cumulative catch-up adjustment which could impact the amount and timing of revenue for any period.
Unit-price services – These arrangements typically require us to perform certain services on a periodic basis as requested by the customer for a per-unit amount which is typically billed in the month following the performance of the service. Revenue under these arrangements is recognized over the time the services are performed at the per-unit amount.
Revenue is presented net of any sales tax charged to our clients that we are required to remit to taxing authorities. We recognize contract assets or unbilled receivables related to revenue recognized for services completed but not invoiced to the clients. Unbilled receivables are classified as receivables when we have an unconditional right to contract consideration. A contract liability is recognized as deferred revenue when we invoice clients in advance of performing the related services under the terms of a contract. Deferred revenue is recognized as revenue when we have satisfied the related performance obligation.
Deferred Contract Costs
Deferred contract costs, net is stated at gross deferred costs less accumulated amortization. We defer commissions and incentives, including payroll taxes, if they are incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a renewable customer contract. Deferred contract costs are amortized over the estimated term of the contract, including renewals, which generally ranges from to years. The contract term was estimated by considering factors such as historical customer attrition rates and product life. The amortization period is adjusted for significant changes in the estimated remaining term of a contract. An impairment of deferred contract costs is recognized when the unamortized balance of deferred contract costs exceeds the remaining amount of consideration we expect to receive net of the expected future costs directly related to providing those services. We have elected the practical expedient to expense contract costs when incurred for any nonrenewable contracts with a term of one year or less. We deferred incremental costs of obtaining a contract of $
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Direct expenses | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total amortization | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Additional expense included in selling, general and administrative expenses for impairment of costs capitalized due to lost clients was $
Trade Accounts Receivable
The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable, determined based on our historical write-off experience, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. We review the allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
The following table provides the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):
| Balance at Beginning of Year | Bad Debt Expense | Write-offs, net of Recoveries | Balance at End of Year | |||||||||||||
| Year Ended December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Year Ended December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Year Ended December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost. Major expenditures to purchase property or to substantially increase useful lives of property are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, their costs and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and resulting gains or losses are included in income.
We capitalize certain costs incurred in connection with obtaining or developing internal-use software, including payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the internal-use software projects and external direct costs of materials and services. Capitalization of such costs ceases when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. Costs incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages, as well as software maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. We capitalized approximately $
When a software license is included in a cloud computing arrangement and we have the legal right, ability and feasibility to download the software, it is accounted for as software, included in property and equipment, and amortized. If a software license is not included or we do not have the ability or feasibility to download software included in a cloud computing arrangement, it is accounted for as a service contract, which is expensed to direct expenses or selling, general and administrative expenses during the service period. Effective January 1, 2020, we prospectively adopted ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40). This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The adoption did not significantly impact our results of operations and financial position.
We provide for depreciation and amortization of property and equipment using annual rates which are sufficient to amortize the cost of depreciable assets over their estimated useful lives. We use the straight-line method of depreciation and amortization over estimated useful lives of to years for furniture and equipment, to years for computer equipment, to years for capitalized software, and to years for our office building and related improvements. Software licenses are amortized over the term of the license.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Amortizing Intangible Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and purchased intangible assets subject to depreciation or amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, we first compare undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary.
Among others, management believes the following circumstances are important indicators of potential impairment of such assets and as a result may trigger an impairment review:
| ● | Significant underperformance in comparison to historical or projected operating results; | |
| ● | Significant changes in the manner or use of acquired assets or our overall strategy; | |
| ● | Significant negative trends in our industry or the overall economy; | |
| ● | A significant decline in the market price for our common stock for a sustained period; and | |
| ● | Our market capitalization falling below the book value of our net assets. |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include customer relationships, trade names, technology, and goodwill. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. We review intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually as of October 1 and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.
When performing the impairment assessment, we will first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to recalculate the fair value of the intangible assets with indefinite lives. If we believe, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangibles is less than their carrying amount, we calculate the fair value using a market or income approach. If the carrying value of intangible assets with indefinite lives exceeds their fair value, then the intangible assets are written-down to their fair values. We did recognize any impairments related to indefinite-lived intangibles during 2021, 2020 or 2019.
Goodwill is an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. All of our goodwill is allocated to our reporting unit, which is the same as our operating segment. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually, as of October 1, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.
We review goodwill for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether any impairment may exist. If we believe, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative analysis will be performed, and the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value (including goodwill). If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then goodwill is written down by this difference. We performed a qualitative analysis as of October 1, 2021 and determined the fair value of our reporting unit likely exceeded the carrying value.
In March 2021, we changed our operating segments from six to to reflect a change in corporate reporting structure to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and chief operating decision maker. In connection with this change, our previous reporting units were combined into reporting unit. We performed an interim qualitative analysis immediately before and after the reorganization and concluded that the fair value of our reporting units likely exceeded the carrying values and no impairments were recorded. Following the reorganization, we considered the current and expected future economic and market conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, on our reporting unit. We also assessed our current market capitalization compared to book value, forecasts and margins in our last quantitative impairment testing. We concluded that a triggering event has not occurred which would require an additional interim impairment test to be performed as it is not more likely than not that an impairment loss had been incurred at December 31, 2021.
Insurance Recoveries
We record insurance recoveries when the realization of the claim is probable. In 2020 we received $
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under that method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis using enacted tax rates. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances, if any, are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. We use the deferral method of accounting for our investment tax credits related to state tax incentives. During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we recorded income tax benefits relating to these tax credits of $
We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
In 2021, we adopted ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740). Among other clarifications and simplifications related to income tax accounting, this ASU simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, hybrid taxes and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The adoption of this standard had no material impact to our consolidated financial statements.
Share-Based Compensation
All of our existing stock option awards and non-vested stock awards have been determined to be equity-classified awards. The compensation expense on share-based payments is recognized based on the grant-date fair value of those awards. We recognize the excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the income statement when options are exercised. Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to these plans are as follows:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Amounts charged against income, before income tax benefit | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Amount of related income tax benefit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net (benefit) expense to net income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
We refer to our restricted stock awards as “non-vested” stock in these consolidated financial statements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents were $
Leases
We determine whether a lease is included in an agreement at inception. We recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset on the balance sheet for our operating leases under which we are lessee. Operating lease ROU assets are included in operating lease right-of-use assets in our consolidated balance sheet. Finance lease assets are included in property and equipment. Operating and finance lease liabilities are included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities. Certain lease arrangements may include options to extend or terminate the lease. We include these provisions in the ROU asset and lease liabilities only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in direct expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees.
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments during the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recorded at lease commencement based on the estimated present value of lease payments. Because the rate of interest implicit in each lease is not readily determinable, we use our estimated incremental collateralized borrowing rate at lease commencement, to calculate the present value of lease payments. When determining the appropriate incremental borrowing rate, we consider our available credit facilities, recently issued debt and public interest rate information.
Due to remote working arrangements, we reassessed our office needs and subleased our Seattle location under an agreement considered to be an operating lease beginning in May 2021. We have not been legally released from our primary obligations under the original lease and therefore we continue to account for the original lease separately. We recorded an ROU asset impairment charge in 2021 of $
Fair Value Measurements
Our valuation techniques are based on maximizing observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Observable inputs reflect readily obtainable data from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. The inputs are then classified into the following hierarchy: (1) Level 1 Inputs—quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; (2) Level 2 Inputs—observable market-based inputs other than Level 1 inputs, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for similar or identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; (3) Level 3 Inputs—unobservable inputs.
The following details our financial assets within the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 2021 and 2020:
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Money Market Funds | $ | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | ||||||||||
| Total Cash Equivalents | $ | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | ||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
| Money Market Funds | $ | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | ||||||||||
| Total Cash Equivalents | $ | $ | -- | $ | -- | $ | ||||||||||
There were no transfers between levels during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Our long-term debt described in Note 8 is recorded at historical cost. The fair value of long-term debt is classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and was estimated based primarily on estimated current rates available for debt of the same remaining duration and adjusted for nonperformance and credit.
The following are the carrying amount and estimated fair values of long-term debt:
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||
| Total carrying amount of long-term debt | $ | $ | ||||||
| Estimated fair value of long-term debt | $ | $ | ||||||
The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value. All non-financial assets that are not recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, which includes ROU assets, property and equipment, goodwill, intangibles and cost method investments, are measured at fair value in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). We estimated the fair value of the Seattle office ROU using discounted cash flows of the sublease based on management’s most recent projections, which are considered level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy and recorded an ROU asset impairment charge of $
Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we are involved in certain claims and litigation arising in the normal course of business. Management assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and recognizes a liability when a loss is probable and estimable. Legal fees, net of estimated insurance recoveries, are expensed as incurred. We do believe the final disposition of claims at December 31, 2021 will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
We became self-insured for group medical and dental insurance on January 1, 2019. We carry excess loss coverage in the amount of $
Earnings Per Share
Basic net income per share was computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted net income per share was computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and, if dilutive, the potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method.
We had
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
| Numerator for net income per share - basic: | ||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Allocation of distributed and undistributed income to unvested restricted stock shareholders | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to common shareholders | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Denominator for net income per share - basic: | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic | ||||||||||||
| Net income per share – basic | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Numerator for net income per share - diluted: | ||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to common shareholders for basic computation | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Denominator for net income per share - diluted: | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average effect of dilutive securities – stock options | ||||||||||||
| Denominator for diluted earnings per share – adjusted weighted average shares | ||||||||||||
| Net income per share – diluted | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued ASU No. 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting", which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The amendments are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We expect to apply the optional expedient for contract modification to account for the change in the reference rate on impacted credit facilities prospectively by adjusting the effective interest rate.
In October 2021, FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers.” The amendment requires an acquirer in a business combination apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets in revenue contracts acquired in a business combination rather than fair value. The amendment is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the timing and the impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
| (2) | ACQUISITION |
On January 4, 2021, we acquired substantially all assets and assumed certain liabilities of PatientWisdom, Inc., a company with a health engagement solution that will further our purpose of operationalizing human understanding through tangible and actionable insights. $
| Amount of Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed | ||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||
| Current Assets | $ | |||
| Property and equipment | ||||
| Customer related | ||||
| Technology | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total assets acquired | $ | |||
| Current liabilities | ||||
| Net assets acquired | $ | |||
The identifiable intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of
The financial results associated with the PatientWisdom assets we acquired and liabilities we assumed are included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition, although the amounts are insignificant for 2021. Pro-forma information has not been presented because the amounts for 2021 are insignificant. Acquisition-related costs of $
| (3) | Contracts with Customers |
The following table disaggregates revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 based on timing of revenue recognition (In thousands):
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Subscription services recognized ratably over time | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Services recognized at a point in time | ||||||||||||
| Fixed, non-subscription recognized over time | ||||||||||||
| Unit price services recognized over time | ||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers (In thousands):
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||
| Accounts receivables | $ | $ | ||||||
| Contract assets included in other current assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred revenue | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
Significant changes in contract assets and contract liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||
| Contract Asset | Deferred Revenue | Contract Asset | Deferred Revenue | |||||||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue recognized that was included in deferred revenue at beginning of year due to completion of services | $ | - | $ | ( | ) | $ | - | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Increases due to invoicing of client, net of amounts recognized as revenue | - | - | ||||||||||||||
| Decreases due to completion of services (or portion of services) and transferred to accounts receivable | ( | ) | - | ( | ) | - | ||||||||||
| Change due to cumulative catch-up adjustments arising from changes in expected contract consideration | - | - | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Increases due to revenue recognized in the period with additional performance obligations before invoicing | - | - | ||||||||||||||
We have elected to apply the practical expedient to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. Total remaining contract revenue for contracts with original duration of greater than year expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied at December 31, 2021 approximated $
| (4) | Equity Investments |
We make equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. For investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value, we apply either cost or equity method of accounting depending on the nature of our investment and our ability to exercise significant influence. Investments are periodically analyzed to determine whether or not there are any indicators of impairment and written down to fair value if the investment has incurred an other than temporary impairment. Our investment of $
| (5) | Property and Equipment |
At December 31, 2021, and 2020, property and equipment consisted of the following:
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | $ | $ | ||||||
| Computer equipment | ||||||||
| Computer software | ||||||||
| Building | ||||||||
| Leaseholds | ||||||||
| Land | ||||||||
| Property and equipment at cost | ||||||||
| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Net property and equipment | $ | $ | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment, including assets under capital lease, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $
| (6) | Goodwill and Intangible Assets |
Goodwill and intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2021:
| Gross | Accumulated Impairment | Net | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||
| Useful Life | Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | |||||||||||||||
| (In years) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-amortizing intangible assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Indefinite trade name | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortizing intangible assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Customer related | - | |||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | - | -- | ||||||||||||||||
| Total amortizing intangible assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets other than goodwill | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill and intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2020:
| Gross | Accumulated Impairment | Net | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||
| Useful Life | Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | |||||||||||||||
| (In years) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-amortizing intangible assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Indefinite trade name | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortizing intangible assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Customer related | - | |||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | - | -- | ||||||||||||||||
| Total amortizing intangible assets | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets other than goodwill | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
The following represents a summary of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | $ | |||
| Impairment | ( | ) | ||
| Foreign currency translation | ||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | $ | |||
| Goodwill acquired | ||||
| Foreign currency translation | ||||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ |
As discussed in Note 1, we recorded an impairment of $
Aggregate amortization expense for customer related intangibles, trade names, and technology for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $
| (7) | Income Taxes |
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, income before income taxes consists of the following:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| U.S. Operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Foreign Operations | ||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Income tax expense consisted of the following components:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Federal: | ||||||||||||
| Current | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Foreign: | ||||||||||||
| Current | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| State: | ||||||||||||
| Current | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
As a result of the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), we determined that we would no longer indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our Canadian subsidiary. Our Canadian subsidiary declared a deemed dividend to the Company for $
We received notice in December 2019, that we met qualification requirements for the Nebraska Advantage LB312 Act (“NAA”) related to certain investment and full-time equivalent employee thresholds in the year ended 2017. NAA provides direct refunds of sales tax on qualified property, as well as investment credits and employment credits that can be claimed through credits of Nebraska income tax, employment tax, and sales tax on non-qualified property. We expect to receive direct refunds of Nebraska sales tax on qualified property incurred from 2014 to 2023. Investment credits started to accumulate in 2014 and can be earned through 2023. These credits can be claimed against Nebraska income taxes or through sales tax on non-qualified property through 2028. The employment credits are earned from 2017 through 2023, and they can be claimed against Nebraska payroll taxes through 2028. In 2019, we recorded cumulative adjustments for direct refunds and credits earned through the year ending December 31, 2019, which reduced operating expenses by approximately $
The differences between income taxes expected at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21 percent and the reported income tax (benefit) expense are summarized as follows:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Expected federal income taxes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Foreign tax rate differential | ||||||||||||
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit and state tax credits | ||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Compensation limit for covered employees | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Federal tax credits | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Uncertain tax positions | ||||||||||||
| Nondeductible expenses (income) related to recapitalization | -- | -- | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Goodwill Impairment | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Withholding tax on repatriation of foreign earnings | ||||||||||||
| GILTI | -- | |||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||
Deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2021 and 2020, were comprised of the following:
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Share-based compensation | ||||||||
| Accrued bonuses | ||||||||
| Employer payroll tax deferral | ||||||||
| Uncertain tax positions | ||||||||
| Other | ||||||||
| Gross deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Less valuation allowance | -- | -- | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Deferred contract costs | ||||||||
| Property and equipment | ||||||||
| Intangible assets | ||||||||
| Repatriation withholding | ||||||||
| Other | -- | |||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||||||||
| Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
In March 27, 2020, the U.S. federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act is an emergency economic stimulus package in response to the coronavirus outbreak which, among other things, contains numerous income tax provisions. As a result of the CARES Act, we had deferred $
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We consider projected future taxable income, carry-back opportunities, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods which the deferred tax assets are deductible, we believe it is more likely than not that we will realize the benefits of these deductible differences excluding the foreign tax credit carryforward. In 2020, we wrote off the deferred tax asset for prior year foreign tax credit carryforwards of $
We had an unrecognized tax benefit at December 31, 2021 and 2020, of $
| (In thousands) | ||||
| Balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019 | $ | |||
| Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations | ( | ) | ||
| Reductions due to tax positions of prior years | ||||
| Reductions due to settlement with taxing authorities | -- | |||
| Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | ||||
| Balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2020 | $ | |||
| Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations | ( | ) | ||
| Additions due to tax positions of prior years | -- | |||
| Reductions due to settlement with taxing authorities | -- | |||
| Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | ||||
| Balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2021 | $ | |||
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various state jurisdictions, and Canada federal and provincial jurisdictions. Tax years 2018 and forward remain subject to U.S. federal examination. Tax years 2015 and forward remain subject to state examination. Tax years 2017 and forward remain subject to Canadian federal and provincial examination.
| (8) | Notes Payable |
Our long-term debt consists of the following:
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||
| Term Loans | $ | $ | ||||||
| Less: current portion | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Less: unamortized debt issuance costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Notes payable, net of current portion | $ | $ | ||||||
Our credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with First National Bank of Omaha (“FNB”) was amended and restated on May 28, 2020 and includes (i) a $
The Term Loan is payable in monthly installments of $
We are obligated to pay ongoing unused commitment fees quarterly in arrears pursuant to the Line of Credit and the Delayed Draw Term Loan facility at a rate of
The Credit Agreement is collateralized by substantially all of our assets, subject to permitted liens and other agreed exceptions, and contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants (including financial covenants) and events of default. The negative covenants include, among other things, restrictions regarding the incurrence of indebtedness and liens, repurchases of our Common Stock and acquisitions, subject in each case to certain exceptions. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, we are required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of for all testing periods throughout the term(s) of the Credit Facilities, which calculation excludes, unless our liquidity falls below a specified threshold, (i) any cash dividend in a fiscal quarter that, together with all other cash dividends paid or declared during such fiscal quarter, exceeds $
Scheduled maturities of notes payable at December 31, 2021 are as follows:
| 2022 | $ | |||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 |
| (9) | Share-Based Compensation |
We measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments based on the grant-date fair value of those awards. All of our existing stock option awards and unvested stock awards have been determined to be equity-classified awards. We account for forfeitures as they occur.
Our 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan, as amended (the “2004 Director Plan”), is a nonqualified plan that provides for the granting of options with respect to
Our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Equity Incentive Plan”), as amended, provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance shares and other share-based awards and benefits up to an aggregate of
During 2021, 2020 and 2019, we granted options to purchase
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Expected dividend yield at date of grant | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Expected stock price volatility | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Expected life of options (in years) | ||||||||||||
The risk-free interest rate assumptions were based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected volatility was based on historical monthly price changes of our stock based on the expected life of the options at the date of grant. The expected life of options is the average number of years we estimate that options will be outstanding. We consider groups of associates that have similar historical exercise behavior separately for valuation purposes.
The following table summarizes stock option activity under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2004 Director Plan for the year ended December 31, 2021:
| Number of | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In thousands) | |||||||||||||
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2020 | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Expired | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes information related to stock options for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Intrinsic value of stock options exercised (in thousands) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Intrinsic value of stock options vested (in thousands) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
As of December 31, 2021, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards was approximately $
There was $
During 2021 and 2019 we granted
The following table summarizes information regarding non-vested stock granted to associates under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plans for the year ended December 31, 2021:
| Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | |||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2020 | $ | |||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||
| Vested | -- | $ | -- | |||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | $ | |||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ | |||||||
As of December 31, 2021, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock awards was approximately $
| (10) | Leases |
We lease printing, computer, other equipment and office space in the United States and Canada. The leases remaining terms as of December 31, 2021 range from less than year to
Certain equipment and office lease agreements include provisions for periodic adjustments to rates and charges. The rates and charges are adjusted based on actual usage or actual costs for internet, common area maintenance, taxes or insurance, as determined by the lessor and are considered variable lease costs.
The components of lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 included (in thousands):
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Operating leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Finance leases: | ||||||||||||
| Asset amortization | ||||||||||||
| Interest on lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Variable lease cost | ||||||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | ||||||||||||
| Sublease income | ( | ) | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Total net lease cost | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
In 2020, we adjusted the useful life of the operating right of use assts associated with our Atlanta, Georgia and Markham, Ontario office leases based on the expectation that we will vacate the office space before the end of the lease term.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases (in thousands):
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||
| Operating leases: | ||||||||
| Operating ROU assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Noncurrent operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||
| Finance leases: | ||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | $ | $ | ||||||
| Computer Equipment | ||||||||
| Computer Software | ||||||||
| Property and equipment under finance lease, gross | ||||||||
| Less accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Property and equipment under finance lease, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| Current obligations of finance leases | $ | $ | ||||||
| Noncurrent obligations of finance leases | ||||||||
| Total finance lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (in years): | ||||||||
| Operating leases | ||||||||
| Finance leases | ||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate: | ||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | ||||||
| Finance leases | % | % | ||||||
Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases were as follows (in thousands):
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | ||||||||||||
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | ||||||||||||
| ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| ROU assets obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
Undiscounted payments under non-cancelable finance and operating leases at December 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
| Finance Leases | Operating Leases | |||||||
| 2022 | $ | $ | ||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||
| 2025 | ||||||||
| 2026 | -- | |||||||
| Thereafter | -- | -- | ||||||
| Total minimum lease payments | ||||||||
| Less: Amount representing interest | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Present value of minimum lease payments | ||||||||
| Current portion | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Lease obligations, net of current portion | $ | $ | ||||||
Undiscounted cash receipts due under the sublease agreement at December 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):
| Operating Lease | ||||
| 2022 | $ | |||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 | ||||
| Total minimum lease receipts | $ | |||
| (11) | Related Party |
A director who began serving on our board in May 2021, served as chief executive officer of Allina Health during 2021, a not-for-profit healthcare system. In connection with its routine business operations, Allina Health purchases certain of our products and services. Total revenue we earned from Allina Health in year ended December 31, 2021 approximated $
A director, who served on our board through October 2021, also served as an officer and director of Ameritas Life Insurance Corp. (“Ameritas”) until January 2020 and continued to serve on the board of directors of Ameritas until October 2021. In connection with our regular assessment of our insurance-based associate benefits, which is conducted by an independent insurance broker, and the costs associated therewith, we purchase dental and vision insurance for certain of our associates from Ameritas. The total value of these purchases was $
A director, who served on our board through May 2020, also served as a board member of IMA Financial Group. In connection with our regular assessment of our liability coverage, during 2020 we began purchasing directors and officers and employment practices liability insurance through IMA Financial Group. Total payments for these services totaled $
During 2017, we acquired a cost method investment in convertible preferred stock of Practicing Excellence.com, Inc., a privately-held Delaware Corporation (“PX”), which is included in other non-current assets and is carried at cost, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions of the same investment in PX, if any. We also have an agreement with PX which commenced in 2016 under which we act as a reseller of PX services and PX receives a portion of the revenues. The total revenue earned from the PX reseller agreement in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $
| (12) | Associate Benefits |
We sponsor a qualified 401(k) plan covering substantially all associates with no eligibility service requirement. Under the 401(k) plan, we match
| (13) | Segment Information |
In March 2021, we changed our operating segments from six to to reflect a change in corporate reporting structure to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and chief operating decision maker.
The table below presents entity-wide information regarding our revenue and assets by geographic area (in thousands):
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Canada | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Long-lived assets: | ||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Canada | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total assets: | ||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Canada | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
Not applicable.
| Controls and Procedures |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2021. Based upon their evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, however, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies of procedures may deteriorate.
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting using the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on such evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, a copy of which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2021, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
| Other Information |
We have no other information to report pursuant to this item.
| Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections |
Not applicable.
| Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance |
The information required by this Item with respect to directors, executive officers and Section 16 compliance is included under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance – Committees”, “Information About Our Executive Officers” and “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” respectively, in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“Proxy Statement”) and is hereby incorporated herein by reference. The information required by this Item with respect to audit committees and audit committee financial experts is included under the caption “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our associates, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and other persons performing similar functions. We have posted a copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics on our website at www.nrchealth.com, and such Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available, in print, without charge, to any shareholder who requests it from our Secretary. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments to, or waivers from, the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on our website at www.nrchealth.com. We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this report.
| Executive Compensation |
The information required by this Item is included under the captions “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “2021 Summary Compensation Table,” “Grants of Plan-Based Awards in 2021,” “Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2021,” “2021 Director Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Report,” “Corporate Governance-Transactions with Related Persons,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “CEO Pay Ratio” in the Proxy Statement and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
| Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters |
The information required by this Item with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is included under the caption “Principal Shareholders” in the Proxy Statement and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The following table sets forth information with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2021.
| Plan Category Common Shares |
Number of Securities to be issued upon the exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights |
Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights |
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in the first column) |
|||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1) |
477,640 | $ | 30.88 | 1,586,867 | (2) | |||||||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |
-- | -- | -- | |||||||||
| Total |
477,640 | $ | 30.88 | 1,586,867 | ||||||||
| (1) |
Includes our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and 2004 Director Plan. |
| (2) |
Under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, we had authority to award up to 325,181 additional shares of restricted Common Stock provided that the total of such shares awarded may not exceed the total number of shares remaining available for issuance under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, which totaled 806,537 shares of Common Stock as of December 31, 2021. The Director Plan provides for granting options for 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock. Option awards through December 31, 2021 totaled 2,196,833 shares of Common Stock. |
| Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
The information required by this Item is included under the caption “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement and is hereby incorporated by reference.
| Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
The information required by this Item is included under the caption “Miscellaneous — Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy Statement and is hereby incorporated by reference.
| Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules |
| 1. |
Consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index to the consolidated financial statements are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
| 2. |
Financial statement schedules. All financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto. |
| 3. |
Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the exhibit index below are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
| (3.1) |
|
| (3.2) |
|
| (4.1) |
|
| (4.2) |
|
| (4.3)** |
|
| (10.1) |
|
| (10.2)* |
|
| (10.3)* |
|
| (10.4)* |
|
| (10.5)* |
| Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
| (10.6)* |
|
| (21)** |
|
| (23)** |
|
| (31.1)** |
|
| (31.2)** |
|
| (32)** |
|
| (101)** |
Financial statements from the Annual Report on Form 10-K of National Research Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2021, formatted in Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and (vii) document and entity information. |
| (104)** |
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in the Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
| * |
A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
| ** |
Filed herewith. |
| Form 10-K Summary |
None.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
All other financial statement schedules are omitted since the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedules, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 4th day of March 2022.
| NATIONAL RESEARCH CORPORATION |
|||
| By: |
/s/ Michael D. Hays |
||
| Michael D. Hays |
|||
| Chief Executive Officer and President |
|||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature |
Title |
Date |
||
| /s/ Michael D. Hays |
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| Michael D. Hays |
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|||
| /s/ Kevin R. Karas |
Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| Kevin R. Karas |
Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal |
|||
| Financial and Accounting Officer) |
||||
| /s/ Donald M. Berwick |
Director |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| Donald M. Berwick |
||||
| /s/ John N. Nunnelly |
Director |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| John N. Nunnelly |
||||
| /s/ Penny A. Wheeler |
Director |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| Penny A. Wheeler |
||||
| /s/ Stephen H. Lockhart |
Director |
March 4, 2022 |
||
| Stephen H. Lockhart |