Good day, and welcome to Oil States International, Incorporated Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. All participants will be able to listen only until the question-and-answer portion of this call. Please note that today's call is being recorded. At this time, I would like to introduce the call to Ellen Pennington. You may now proceed please. Thank you.

Thank you, Ellie. Good morning, and welcome to Oil States' fourth quarter 2023 earnings conference call. Our call today will be led by our President and CEO, Cindy Taylor, and Lloyd Hajdik, Oil States' Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, we would like to caution listeners regarding forward-looking statements. To the extent that our remarks today contain information other than historical information, please note that we are relying on the safe harbor protections afforded by federal law. No one should assume that these forward-looking statements remain valid later in the quarter or beyond. Any such remarks should be weighed in the context of the many factors that affect our business, including those risks disclosed in our Form 10-K, along with other SEC filings. This call is being webcast and can be accessed at Oil States' website. A replay of the conference call will be available two hours after the completion of this call and will continue to be available for 12 months. I will now turn the call over to Cindy.

Thank you, Ellen. Good morning, and thank you for joining our conference call today where we will discuss our fourth quarter 2023 results and provide our thoughts on market trends in addition to discussing our company-specific outlook comments. For the oil and gas industry, 2023 can be summarized as a year in which international and offshore growth strengthened, while North American activity started to moderate. Our fourth quarter results reflect those trends with revenues in our Offshore/Manufactured Products segment growing 24% sequentially, boosted by a 39% sequential quarter increase in project-driven revenues. This significant growth was offset by the impact of declines in U.S. land-based completion activity due to an approximate 20% decline in the price of crude oil during the quarter with continued weak natural gas prices and holiday impacts. Despite the reduction in U.S. activity levels during 2023, Oil States reported both positive operating and net income for a sixth consecutive quarter. Our fourth quarter consolidated revenues and adjusted EBITDA increased sequentially by 7% and 2%, respectively, while year-over-year revenues and adjusted EBITDA grew by 3% and 17%. These sequential and year-over-year improvements reflect significant growth within our Offshore/Manufactured Products segment where revenues totaled $138 million in the fourth quarter, the segment's highest revenue level in eight years. Segment backlog totaled $333 million as of December 31st, with backlog conversions supporting the 39% sequential quarter increase in project-driven revenues. Segment bookings totaled $120 million, yielding a quarterly book-to-bill ratio of 0.9 times and a full year ratio of 1.1 times. 2023 marked the third consecutive year that our book-to-bill ratio was greater than 1 time. We remain encouraged by the continued expansion in offshore activity globally, coupled with enhanced competitive positioning in each of our business segments through our recent new technology introductions. In the fourth quarter, in response to the needs of global drilling contractors to drill more complex wells and unlock previously inaccessible reservoirs more safely, our Offshore/Manufactured Products segment delivered what is believed to be the industry's first deepwater, slimline, managed pressure drilling system, and we now have begun to market another industry-first MPD-ready system for jackup rigs. Subsequent to quarter close, our Well Site Services and Downhole Technologies segments have also launched key new technologies, including our ActiveHub digital platform for remote well site monitoring and control, along with our Active Seat Gate Valve technology and an expanded portfolio of perforating gun systems called EPIC Precision and EPIC Flex. Benefits of our expanded technology offerings combined with this international offshore-focused investment cycle are expected to extend well beyond the next couple of years.

Thank you, Cindy, and good morning, everyone. During the fourth quarter, we generated revenues of $208 million, operating income of $8 million, adjusted consolidated EBITDA of $24 million, and net income of $6 million, or $0.09 per share. This represents our sixth consecutive quarter of positive net income. Adjusted consolidated EBITDA margin in the fourth quarter was 12%, comparable to the prior quarter. Results for the fourth quarter included facility consolidation charges of $0.8 million, which were incurred as we prepare selected facilities for sale, as well as patent defense costs of $0.6 million. Our Offshore/Manufactured Products segment generated revenues of $138 million, operating income of $25 million, and adjusted segment EBITDA of $30 million in the fourth quarter. As Cindy mentioned, revenues reported by this segment in the fourth quarter are at the highest level since the fourth quarter of 2015. Adjusted segment EBITDA margin was 22% in the fourth quarter, comparable to the prior quarter. Regarding our facility planning, we consolidated certain facilities in Houston and are in the process of strategically relocating our Asian manufacturing and service operations from Singapore to Batam, Indonesia. These two facilities are classified as held for sale assets at December 31. Proceeds from the sales of our facilities in Singapore and Houston, which are anticipated to close in 2024, are expected to range between $35 million and $40 million, exceeding the costs associated with our planned investment in our new Batam facility. Construction in Batam will commence in the first quarter, with completion targeted for the first half of 2025. In the meantime, temporary manufacturing lines have been set up in Batam so that we can efficiently execute both our contracted backlog and subsequent orders during construction. Backlog totaled $333 million at December 31, an increase of 8% from December 31, 2022. The current quarter-end backlog is at its second highest level since the fourth quarter of 2015. In our Well Site Services segment, we generated revenues of $51 million, an operating loss of $1 million, and adjusted segment EBITDA of $6 million in the fourth quarter. We also recorded charges of $0.6 million associated with the defense and enforcement of certain of our patents. Adjusted segment EBITDA margin was 12% in the fourth quarter compared to 16% in the third quarter, reflecting industry activity declines in the quarter. In our Downhole Technologies segment, we reported revenues of $19 million, an operating loss of $7 million, and an adjusted segment EBITDA loss of $3 million for the quarter. Lower revenues and margins in the quarter were driven by the North American activity declines previously discussed. Included in the EBITDA loss was $1.3 million of inventory reserves. During the fourth quarter, we generated cash flows from operations of $4 million and invested $6 million in net CapEx to support future growth. As of December 31, no borrowings were outstanding under our revolving credit facility, while amounts available to be drawn totaled $76 million. This, together with cash on hand, resulted in available liquidity of $123 million. We also extended the maturity date of our revolving credit facility to February 2028. Now Cindy will offer some market outlook and concluding comments.

Thanks, Lloyd. The tight commodity markets of 2022 led to higher commodity prices and activity levels. However, this took a turn in early 2023 as softening global demand, higher production and resultant elevated inventories caused oil prices to drop during the first quarter of 2023. Activity declined in U.S. land basins during the second half of 2023, with the land rig and completion counts down about 20% by the end of the year. WTI and Brent crude oil prices were both down approximately 20% at December 31 compared to the prices in effect at September 30. Global inventories continue to hold within their five-year seasonal average for crude oil, albeit at the low end, but remain above the five-year average for natural gas. Given current industry dynamics, we expect U.S. land drilling and completion spending in 2024 to remain at or near current levels, but do think we will see increased spending in international and offshore markets. Revenues in our Offshore/Manufactured Products segment are expected to continue to grow year-over-year as a result of strong order flow, increased levels of backlog, and execution of major project milestones. We expect our Well Site Services and Downhole Technologies segments to continue to perform in line with market activity indicators, which soften for U.S. land activities beginning in the second half of 2023. Increased contributions from the commercialization of new technologies that I discussed previously should help us succeed over the longer term in the U.S. land market. Considering these market conditions, we expect our annual revenues to grow about 5% on a consolidated year-over-year basis, with EBITDA ranging from $90 million to $95 million. Given typical seasonality and slow U.S. land activity, the first quarter of 2024 is expected to be the weakest quarter of the year. In terms of our estimates for free cash flow generation in 2024, we expect to generate at least $40 million in free cash flow, implying a free cash flow yield of 10% or greater. Our planned facility sales create more cash flow variability than is customary for us. Typically, the first quarter represents a use of cash due to the timing of various payments, including the payout of short- and long-term incentives with the balance of the year being cash flow positive. In terms of free cash flow conversion, we are targeting a free cash flow to EBITDA conversion rate of approximately 40%. We remain focused on optimizing our operations and pursuing profitable activity in support of our global customer base. As market opportunities unfold both in the U.S. and in international and offshore markets, we will continue to focus on core areas of expertise with the deployment of our recently enhanced equipment and technologies to further differentiate our product and service offerings. Now, I would like to offer some concluding comments. Initially, the industry responded to higher commodity prices with accelerated shorter-cycle investments in the United States, which the industry clearly benefited from in 2022. In 2023, we experienced an increase in investments in long lead-time projects in international markets and deepwater basins around the world based upon the longer range outlook for commodity prices. Strong macro fundamentals continue to point to a multiyear upcycle outside the U.S., which should drive growth in revenues, earnings, and free cash flow generation from our international and offshore operations. Our core competencies are well-entrenched in the markets we serve, and we continue to bid on potential opportunities supporting our traditional subsea floating and fixed production systems, drilling and military customers, while also bidding to support multiple new customers and projects involved in developments such as deep sea minerals gathering, fixed and floating offshore wind developments, carbon capture and storage, geothermal applications, and other renewable and clean technology energy opportunities. These new energy transition opportunities create strong potential for us to expand our product and service offerings and our revenue base over the longer term. Oil States will continue to conduct safe operations and will remain focused on providing technology leadership in our various product and service offerings, with value-added products and services available to meet customer demands globally. That completes our prepared comments. Ellie, would you open up the call for questions and answers at this time?

Certainly. We are now opening the question-and-answer session for today. Our first question comes from Connor Jensen from Raymond James. Your line is now open.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my call today.

Hi, Connor.

In the first quarter, the book-to-bill ratio dropped below 1 for the first time in a while. Can you provide some insights on the bidding activity and the current outlook? It would also be helpful to compare this to the last few quarters and let us know if you anticipate this trend continuing or if you expect the ratio to rise back above 1.

Yeah, thanks for the question, Connor. I think you meant fourth quarter book-to-bill of 0.9 and the annual was 1.1. I have to point out that quarter-by-quarter bookings obviously can vary. And importantly, we had one of the strongest revenue quarters in years. And so, bookings at $120 million were actually favorable bookings overall. So, you can't necessarily look quarter-by-quarter, but importantly, I would say, what are we looking at for 2024, and I guided to a book-to-bill north of 1 at this point in time. And as always, we may have some mixed shifts in there, whereas we had lower kind of connector products activity really in 2023. We expect some uplift in 2024. Strong production facilities, particularly in Brazil, may moderate just a bit given timing of projects only. But importantly, some of our new capital drilling equipment technologies around our MPD systems and our high-pressure riser systems will get a lift that we've not seen in several years. And we're pleased to say that our first MPD system has been in the water, operating in MPD mode successfully in the first quarter. So, we're pretty positive about this new piece of our business that, again, is brand new technology for us. So, while some projects can flatten or moderate, other ones are lifting, we also expect to see strong activity on the military order side of our business. And so, on balance, again, expect a book-to-bill north of 1. There can be variations quarter-by-quarter. There always are. So, we tend to look at the annual type book-to-bill more so than individual quarters because of both order variability as well as revenue-generating variability.

Yeah, thank you. That's great context there. Then just following up, you said that you expect military to be strong. Obviously, it ticked up a little bit here. Do you expect those levels to continue higher or was this kind of a one-off?

No, we expect a very strong order book in 2024 as well.

Great. That's it for me. Thanks, guys.

Thanks, Connor.

Thank you, Connor.

Our next question comes from Alec from Stifel. Your line is now open.

Hi, good morning, everyone.

Good morning.

Thanks for taking my question. Good morning. So, just to kick us off here, I was wondering if you can provide us some color in your expectations for margins in the Well Site and Downhole Technologies if activity were to remain steady around current levels in the North American land.

I believe that's an important area for us to focus on. I'm asking Lloyd to review the model in relation to the margins. Generally speaking, it's well-known that the natural gas market is currently facing substantial pressure. For instance, the March contract for natural gas closed below $2, at $1.61 on Friday, which marks the lowest price we've seen in 25 years. This is a crucial point regarding land. Crude oil prices are showing steady trends, so activity in your oil-rich regions should remain flat or rise modestly throughout the year. However, we must concentrate on the margin decline happening in regions like the Northeast, Haynesville, and STACK. Our efforts need to revolve around managing and controlling costs and maintaining in-depth discussions with our customers about their planned activities during this period. In Q4, our EBITDA margin for Well Site was 10.4%. From what I can see, that’s down from mid- to high-teens in the previous three quarters of 2023. We anticipate slightly improved margins overall in 2024, but this relies heavily on significant cost control measures in the natural gas areas and our new technology, especially our Active Seat Gate Valves. We believe this technology not only enhances our revenue-generating capacity but also lowers our repair and grease costs. Overall, we expect margins to stabilize or increase, but they need to improve from where they were in Q4 2023. November and December were challenging for our business and many others due to multiple factors. Rapidly reducing costs in that short period was difficult, but it remains a key focus for us moving forward this year.

Got it. No, that's great color there. And then also just continuing in Downhole Technologies, has there been any noteworthy change in the competitive landscape as well as pricing? Like, for example, are operators paying more for integrated systems or is there any kind of color you could provide there?

I think that what we are looking at right now is trying to look internally and say, how is our technology and where is it on the competitive continuum against the landscape that we operate in, and that's why we've invested both R&D money and engineering time in 2023 to bring an upgraded suite of products to the domestic market, which is the technology that I referenced in my call notes. And then, in addition to that, most of our international activity has been more P&A oriented, which can be extraordinarily cyclical and lumpy depending on activity. And so, we're really working to really get more international steady revenues around the completion side of the business, the shorter guns, as well as the charges that go internationally to more stabilize the ongoing cost absorption in our international side of the business. But those are the major focus initiatives that we are entering 2024 with. And we do expect to see improvement over 2023 because of the technology introductions. Now, the first quarter is a weak quarter. I'll be the first one to tell you that these natural gas basins are weak right now. And again, those are comments that I also offered to you in my call. But we do think that upgraded technology gets legs and some footing to help us be the most competitive in both the U.S. market and the international market. You do mention the landscape, and I would say it's generally stable. It's no secret that DMC Global is evaluating what to do with the DynaEnergetics business, but I would just say at this point, we don't have clarity around whether it really changes anything in the landscape. So, we've got to do what we can control, which is enhance our technology offering to our customer base.

Got it. Thank you. And then also just shifting gears a little bit to OMP. I was curious if you could provide some color on what's on the backlog and how this should kind of flow through to margins in 2024.

Yeah. Our margins have been pretty steady. The key for us is the mix and backlog. But as I mentioned, production infrastructure, capital drilling equipment, service revenues, those are really favorable to our margin profile and mix. Then it becomes one of just kind of timing and absorption across our facilities. Even though we had a really good 2023, our short cycle piece of the business, which has a little bit of a land focus, obviously suffered some declines late in 2023, and it'll be slow to kick off in 2024. That's really why we've guided on a consolidated basis that the first quarter will be the weakest quarter for us.

Thank you for your understanding. As we look ahead to 2024, I'm aware there are some uncertainties related to the assets we have for sale. Could you share your expectations regarding working capital, capital spending, and free cash flow conversion? I believe you mentioned it would be 40% in 2024.

Yeah. I'm really grateful.

Yeah...

Go ahead, Alec, I'm sorry, I thought you were done.

No, almost. And then I was just around that, I was wondering if you could just comment on the patent defense charges during the fourth quarter and if that's expected to continue where that stands.

Perfect. I'll kick off and Lloyd will pick up along the way. I'm really glad you asked the question about kind of free cash flow generation. And I mentioned in the notes there's quite a lot of variability in our free cash flow because of these facility sales. And I just want to be clear that what we've included in the guidance of roughly $40 million is the Singapore facility sale and the Batam CapEx construction simply because that Singapore facility is currently under contract. We've not yet included the cash proceeds from the Houston facility sale, because we don't know the timing. It's not under contract. We do expect it to sell. So, there could be upside to that cash flow. I'm trying to give you the guidance that, to some degree, would be the floor, I would say, in terms of EBITDA conversion and free cash flow generation. Now I'm going to ask Lloyd to comment on working capital, but I'll just say importantly, the shift towards more offshore and international revenue, i.e., growth in that, does carry with it percentage of completion accounting and therefore some increases in average working capital because of project duration, he's got the numbers for you. I'm looking at him right now to offer comments.

In 2023, we used $21 million in working capital. With revenues increasing, we projected guidance of about 5%. I expect working capital to remain fairly consistent with 2023, possibly slightly lower. In the first quarter of last year, we used $26 million in working capital. The first quarter generally requires more cash, with the remainder of the year showing positive cash flow. For 2024, we're forecasting between $15 million and $20 million in working capital. Regarding CapEx, we estimate around $40 million, which includes most of the construction costs for the Batam facility. The proceeds from the Singapore facility are included in our budget and will cover most of the CapEx requirements for Batam. This leads us to approximately $40 million in free cash flow for the year, only considering the Singapore facility. Additionally, if we factor in potential proceeds from the Houston Ship Channel, that could bring the total to around $60 million.

Got it. It's great color. Thanks for the time and for taking all my questions. I'll turn it back.

Thanks, Alec.

Thanks, Alec.

We have our next question from John Daniel from Daniel Energy Partners. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, Cindy and Lloyd. Thank you for including me.

Good morning, John.

First, can you share your thoughts on the U.S. landscape in light of the E&P consolidation and its impact on the business? Additionally, considering the E&P consolidation, how does that affect your willingness to invest in growth CapEx in the U.S. or pursue domestic M&A?

I think that is a fantastic question, John. I'm not surprised by that. But our focus is to try to stay high technology and I'll say as asset-light as we can. And a lot of these new technology rollouts really achieve our objectives as well as the objectives of our customer base. And so focus around active seat valves and automation are keys for us to do both of those things because, it's hard to be in the service business and support these large customers without a broad range of equipment, but with that carries high labor costs, high R&M costs, and high CapEx. And we tend to not want to do all of that because of the cyclical nature of the business. And so, we are trying to stay niche, I'll call it, in our product and service offerings. We're more likely to de-emphasize growth in M&A around this piece of the business, particularly if we view it as a more commoditized market with few barriers to entry, which quite frankly is about all of the transactions we have seen heretofore. If there are unique technologies that are more asset-light or manufacturing in support of U.S. land, yes, we would be interested in looking at those. Just to date, we haven't seen a lot, if that's helpful.

Okay. That's helpful. And then, I just have a labor question. But clearly, natural gas basins are weak. And that's probably going to result in the OFS space rationalizing costs to try to preserve margin, which generally has an impact on the labor market. But we also all kind of expect those markets to take off in '25, hopefully, as LNG comes online. So just the push and pull of how do you deal with labor in those isolated markets and being ready to ramp...

You're correct. I consider labor essential, but an important aspect we must focus on is the associated costs like travel, hotels, vehicle expenses, leasing, gasoline, and per diems. I prefer to concentrate on these ancillary costs. If labor utilization is low, we might allow workers to stay home rather than drive to the shop, where they might start performing repairs and maintenance on equipment, which exacerbates challenges in a low revenue environment. I want to emphasize the importance of labor retention for various reasons. We're actively collaborating with our customers, as many natural gas plays, particularly in the Northeast, lack significant clientele. It's crucial for us to maintain relationships with our existing clients to uphold a core workforce. However, we will also need to consider seeking labor support from outside the basin in oil-rich areas. Right now, our main concern is whether we need to reduce the work week from the historical average of around 60 hours to lower levels to sustain our labor force through 2024. This is our immediate focus. Labor is vital, and I believe our customers understand that, especially when prompt natural gas prices are at $1.61.

Right, makes sense. Well thank you for indulging my questions today.

Thanks, John, see you later this week. Thanks, John.

It seems there are no questions at the moment. I will now hand it back to Cindy for her closing remarks.

Thank you so much, Ellie, and thanks to all of you for joining us today and answering good, insightful, market-oriented questions that we can respond to. Obviously, as is always the case in this business we love, there's a lot of things going on that affect the commodities at this point in time. But I do think fundamentally supply-demand will get back into a healthy balance for natural gas. It's logical anyway. We are in an election year, so I think there's a lot of unexpected things that might hit us such as this permitting pause around LNG export facilities and other things. But maybe I'll just say that ends up making us stronger in the long term in terms of how to run and manage businesses. And so, there's always a bright side. I think a lot of you will be at the conference later this week here in town, and we look forward to visiting with you all then. Hope you have a great remainder of the earnings season and a nice week. Thanks so much.

Thank you for attending today's call. You may now all disconnect.