PENN Entertainment, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q2
PENN Entertainment, Inc. (PENN)
10-Q
2025-08-07
For: 2025-06-30
View Original
Added on
April 09, 2026
About this 10-Q
PENN Entertainment, Inc filed this 10-Q on August 7, 2025, covering the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q2).
Headline figures
Quarter ended June 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $1.77B
- up 6.1% from $1.66B a year earlier
- Net loss
- $17.4M
- compared with a net loss of $26.8M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$0.12
- compared with -$0.18 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||||||
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025
or
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||||||
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number: 0-24206
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. employer identification no.) | ||||||||||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) | ||||||||||
(610 ) 373-2400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of August 1, 2025, the number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding was 146,004,714 (including 380,478 shares of a subsidiary of registrant which are exchangeable into registrant’s common stock).
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | ||||||||
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
| (in millions, except share and per share data) | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | |||||||||||
| Other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Finance lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Current maturities of long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Current portion of financing obligations | |||||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Current portion of finance lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs | |||||||||||
| Long-term portion of financing obligations | |||||||||||
| Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term portion of finance lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | |||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Series B Preferred stock ($ | |||||||||||
Series C Preferred stock ($ | |||||||||||
Series D Preferred stock ($ | |||||||||||
Common stock ($ | |||||||||||
Exchangeable shares ($ | |||||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost ( | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total PENN Entertainment, Inc. stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Non-controlling interest | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expenses) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on financing arrangement | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other income (expenses) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to PENN Entertainment, Inc. | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding—basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment during the period | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to PENN Entertainment, Inc. | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total PENN Stockholders’ Equity | Non-Controlling Interest | Total Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except share data) | Shares | Amount | PENN Entertainment, Inc. Shares | Amount | Exchangeable Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of April 1, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | — | — | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment Agreement warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of April 1, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issuance | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchangeable share conversions | — | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment Agreement warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5
| Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total PENN Stockholders’ Equity | Non-Controlling Interest | Total Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except share data) | Shares | Amount | PENN Entertainment, Inc. Shares | Amount | Exchangeable Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share repurchases | — | — | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchangeable share conversions | — | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment Agreement warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation arrangements | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issuance | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchangeable share issuance | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchangeable share conversions | — | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment Agreement warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
| For the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Operating activities | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Non-cash interest expense | |||||||||||
| Non-cash operating lease expense | |||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Return on investment from unconsolidated affiliates | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Investment Agreement warrant expense | |||||||||||
| Impairment loss | |||||||||||
| Gain on financing arrangement | ( | ||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | |||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Other assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Income taxes | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other current and long-term liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Investing activities | |||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of investments | |||||||||||
| Consideration paid for gaming licenses and other intangible assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
7
| For the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Financing activities | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from revolving credit facility | |||||||||||
| Repayments of revolving credit facility | ( | ||||||||||
| Repurchases of convertible debt | ( | ||||||||||
| Principal payments on long-term debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Principal payments on financing obligations | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Principal payments on finance leases | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ||||||||||
| Payments on insurance financing | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Indemnification payments | ( | ||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Effect of currency rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
| Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at the beginning of the year | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at the end of the period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash included in Other current assets | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash included in Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash payments related to income taxes, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Non-cash activities: | |||||||||||
| Accrued capital expenditures | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
8
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Note 1—Organization
Organization: PENN Entertainment, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“PENN,” or the “Company”), is North America’s leading provider of integrated entertainment, sports content, and casino gaming experiences. As of the date of this filing, PENN operated in 28 jurisdictions throughout North America, with a broadly diversified portfolio of casinos, racetracks, and online sports betting and iCasino offerings under well-recognized brands including Hollywood Casino®, L’Auberge®, ESPN BET™, and theScore BET Sportsbook and Casino®. PENN’s ability to leverage its partnership with ESPN, Inc. and ESPN Enterprises, Inc. (together, “ESPN”), the “worldwide leader in sports,” and its ownership of theScore®, the top digital sports media brand in Canada, is central to the Company’s highly differentiated strategy to expand its footprint and efficiently grow its customer ecosystem. PENN’s focus on organic cross-sell opportunities is reinforced by its market-leading retail casinos, sports media assets, and technology, including a proprietary state-of-the-art, fully integrated digital sports and iCasino betting platform and an in-house iCasino content studio (PENN Game Studios). The Company’s portfolio is further bolstered by its industry-leading PENN PlayTM customer loyalty program, offering its over 32 million members a unique set of rewards and experiences.
The majority of the real estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in our operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are with Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. (Nasdaq: GLPI) (“GLPI”), a real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and include the AR PENN Master Lease, 2023 Master Lease, and Pinnacle Master Lease (as such terms are defined in Note 6, “Leases” and collectively referred to as the “Master Leases”).
Note 2—Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation: The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included.
Results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that would be achieved during a full year of operations or in future periods. These unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Principles of Consolidation: The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of PENN Entertainment, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates that do not meet the consolidation criteria of the authoritative guidance for voting interest entities (“VOEs”) or variable interest entities (“VIEs”) are accounted for under the equity method. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period presentation with current year presentation.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We applied estimation methods consistently for the periods presented within our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Segment Information: We have five reportable segments: Northeast, South, West, Midwest, and Interactive. Our gaming and racing properties are grouped by geographic location, and each is viewed as an operating segment with the exception of our two properties in Jackpot, Nevada, which are viewed as one operating segment. We consider our combined Video Gaming Terminal (“VGT”) operations, by state, to be separate operating segments.
9
| Location | Real Estate Assets Lease or Ownership Structure | |||||||||||||
| Northeast segment | ||||||||||||||
| Ameristar East Chicago | East Chicago, Indiana | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Bangor | Bangor, Maine | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races | Charles Town, West Virginia | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Columbus | Columbus, Ohio | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino at Greektown | Detroit, Michigan | Greektown Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg | Lawrenceburg, Indiana | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Morgantown | Morgantown, Pennsylvania | Morgantown Lease (1) | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino at PENN National Race Course | Grantville, Pennsylvania | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Perryville | Perryville, Maryland | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino at The Meadows | Washington, Pennsylvania | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Toledo | Toledo, Ohio | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino York | York, Pennsylvania | Operating Lease (not with REIT Landlord) | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Gaming at Dayton Raceway | Dayton, Ohio | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Gaming at Mahoning Valley Race Course | Youngstown, Ohio | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
Marquee by PENN (2) | Pennsylvania | N/A | ||||||||||||
| Plainridge Park Casino | Plainville, Massachusetts | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
South segment | ||||||||||||||
1st Jackpot Casino | Tunica, Mississippi | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Ameristar Vicksburg | Vicksburg, Mississippi | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Boomtown Biloxi | Biloxi, Mississippi | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Boomtown Bossier City | Bossier City, Louisiana | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Boomtown New Orleans | New Orleans, Louisiana | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Gulf Coast | Bay St. Louis, Mississippi | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Tunica | Tunica, Mississippi | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| L’Auberge Baton Rouge | Baton Rouge, Louisiana | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| L’Auberge Lake Charles | Lake Charles, Louisiana | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Margaritaville Resort Casino | Bossier City, Louisiana | Margaritaville Lease | ||||||||||||
| West segment | ||||||||||||||
| Ameristar Black Hawk | Black Hawk, Colorado | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Cactus Petes and Horseshu | Jackpot, Nevada | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| M Resort Spa Casino | Henderson, Nevada | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Zia Park Casino | Hobbs, New Mexico | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Midwest segment | ||||||||||||||
| Ameristar Council Bluffs | Council Bluffs, Iowa | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
Argosy Casino Alton (3) | Alton, Illinois | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Argosy Casino Riverside | Riverside, Missouri | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Aurora | Aurora, Illinois | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino Joliet | Joliet, Illinois | 2023 Master Lease | ||||||||||||
Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway (4) | Kansas City, Kansas | Owned - Joint Venture | ||||||||||||
| Hollywood Casino St. Louis | Maryland Heights, Missouri | AR PENN Master Lease | ||||||||||||
Prairie State Gaming (2) | Illinois | N/A | ||||||||||||
| River City Casino | St. Louis, Missouri | Pinnacle Master Lease | ||||||||||||
(1)Upon termination of the Morgantown Lease, ownership of the constructed building and all tenant improvements will transfer from the Company to GLPI.
(2)VGT route operations.
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(3)The riverboat is owned by us and not subject to the AR PENN Master Lease.
(4)Pursuant to a joint venture with NASCAR Holdings LLC and includes the Company’s 50 % investment in Kansas Entertainment, LLC (“Kansas Entertainment”), which owns Hollywood Casino at Kansas Speedway.
Revenue Recognition: Our revenue from contracts with customers consists primarily of gaming wagers, inclusive of sports betting and iCasino products, food and beverage transactions, hotel room sales, retail transactions, racing wagers, and third-party revenue sharing agreements. See Note 4, “Revenue Disaggregation” for information on our revenue by type and geographic location.
Complimentaries Associated with Gaming Contracts
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total complimentaries associated with gaming contracts | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Additionally, the Company provides discretionary complimentaries in the form of online casino gaming slots and table games and online sports betting free play bonuses. Free play bonuses provided to patrons indirectly contribute to the gaming revenue earned by the Company and are recorded as a reduction of “Gaming” revenues.
Customer-related Liabilities
The Company has three general types of liabilities related to contracts with customers: (i) the obligation associated with its PENN Play program (loyalty points and tier status benefits), (ii) advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers, and (iii) deferred revenue associated with third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino for online sports betting and iCasino market access.
Our PENN Play program connects the Company’s brands under one loyalty program and allows members to earn loyalty points, or “PENN Cash,” redeemable for slot play and complimentaries, such as food and beverage at our restaurants, lodging at our hotels, the PENN Play redemption marketplace that features popular retailers, and products offered at our retail stores across the vast majority of our properties. In addition, members of the PENN Play program earn credit toward tier status, which entitles them to receive certain other benefits, such as priority access, discounts, gifts, trips to PENN destinations, partner experiences, and PENN Cash. The obligation associated with our PENN Play program, which is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, were $29.7 six months of issuance. Changes between the opening and closing balances primarily relate to the timing of our customers’ election to redeem loyalty points as well as the timing of when our customers receive their earned tier status benefits.
The Company’s advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers primarily consist of the following: (i) deposits on rooms and convention space, (ii) money deposited on behalf of a customer in advance of their property visit (referred to as “safekeeping” or “front money”), (iii) money deposited in an online wallet not yet wagered, (iv) money deposited in an online wallet for pending and concluded wagers not yet withdrawn, (v) outstanding tickets generated by slot machine play, sports betting, or pari-mutuel wagering, (vi) outstanding chip liabilities, (vii) unclaimed jackpots, and (viii) gift cards redeemable at our properties. Unpaid wagers generally represent obligations stemming from prior wagering events, of which revenue was previously recognized. The Company’s advance payments on goods and services yet to be provided and for unpaid wagers were $121.1 million and $151.4 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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The Company’s deferred revenue is primarily related to PENN Interactive, our wholly owned interactive division, which enters into multi-year agreements with third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino operators for online sports betting and iCasino market access across our portfolio of properties.
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our deferred revenue balance was $38.9 million and $42.6 million, respectively, the majority of which is included in “Other long-term liabilities” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, we recognized revenue of $1.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively, that was included in the December 31, 2024 deferred revenue balance. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized revenue of $3.3 million and $4.2 million, respectively, that was included in the December 31, 2023 deferred revenue balance.
Foreign Currency Translation: The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the local currency in which the subsidiary operates. Balance sheet accounts are translated at the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are recorded to other comprehensive income (loss). As of June 30, 2025, the company recorded a translation adjustment of $80.1 million which resulted in an increase to the goodwill balance within the Interactive segment. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the year. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in “Other” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Comprehensive Income or Loss and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss: Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income or loss and all other non-stockholder changes in equity, or other comprehensive income (loss). The balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains or losses on debt securities.
Earnings or Loss Per Share: Basic earnings or loss per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income or loss applicable to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the additional dilution, if any, for all potentially-dilutive securities such as warrants, stock options, unvested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) (collectively with RSAs, “restricted stock”), and convertible debt.
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$39.5
Note 3—New Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 updates the requirements for a public entity to disclose its significant segment expense categories and amounts for each reportable segment. A significant segment expense is considered an expense that is significant to the segment, regularly provided to or easily computed from information regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, and included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. ASU 2023-07 required a retrospective adoption to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 resulted in additional disclosures in the notes to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 12, “Segment Information.”
Accounting Pronouncements to be Implemented
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 updates the requirements for a public entity to enhance income tax disclosures to provide a better assessment on how an entity’s operations, related tax risks, tax planning, and operational opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, on a prospective or retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. We are assessing the guidance, noting adoption of the new standard is limited to additional disclosures in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 updates the requirements for a public entity to disclose additional information about specific income statement expense categories in the notes to financial statements. ASU 2024-03 does not change or remove current expense disclosure requirements, however, it affects where this information appears in the notes to financial statements. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, on a prospective or retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. We are assessing the guidance and currently expect adoption of the new standard to result in additional disclosures in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments” (“ASU 2024-04”). ASU 2024-04 clarifies the determination of accounting treatment required for settlement of convertible debt (particularly, cash convertible instruments) at terms that differ from the original conversion terms. ASU 2024-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, on a prospective or retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The primary purpose of the new ASU 2024-04 is to improve the relevance and consistency in application of the induced conversion guidance in Subtopic 470-20, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options. We are assessing the guidance and currently do not expect the new standard to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 introduces optional relief for entities estimating expected credit losses on accounts receivable and contract assets arising from revenue transactions under ASC 606. The guidance allows entities to apply a practical expedient assuming current conditions persist over the asset’s life, and for certain non-public entities, to consider post-balance sheet cash collections when estimating credit losses. ASU 2025-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance, and do not expect the new standard to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
13
Note 4—Revenue Disaggregation
Our revenues are generated primarily by providing the following types of services: (i) gaming, inclusive of retail sports betting, iCasino, and online sports betting; (ii) food and beverage; (iii) hotel; and (iv) other. Other revenues are primarily comprised of PENN Interactive’s revenues generated from third-party online sports betting and the related gross-up for taxes, racing operations, advertising, retail, and commissions received on ATM transactions. Our revenue is disaggregated by type of revenue and geographic location (with no single foreign country’s revenue representing more than 10% of total consolidated revenues) of the related properties, which is consistent with our reportable segments, as follows:
| For the three months ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the three months ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the six months ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the six months ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Other revenues within the Interactive segment are inclusive of gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $137.9 million and $82.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $266.1 million and $198.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(2) Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
14
Note 5—Long-Term Debt
The table below presents long-term debt, net of current maturities, debt discounts, and issuance costs:
| (in millions) | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Amended Credit Facilities: | |||||||||||
| Amended Revolving Credit Facility due 2027 | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Amended Term Loan A Facility due 2027 | |||||||||||
| Amended Term Loan B Facility due 2029 | |||||||||||
| Other long-term obligations | |||||||||||
| Less: Current maturities of long-term debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Less: Debt discounts | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Less: Debt issuance costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
The following is a schedule of future minimum repayments of long-term debt as of June 30, 2025 (in millions):
| Years ending December 31: | |||||
2025 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2025) | $ | ||||
| 2026 | |||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total minimum payments | $ | ||||
Amended Credit Facilities
On May 3, 2022, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with its various lenders (the “Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”). The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides for a $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, undrawn at close, (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”), a five-year $550.0 million term loan A facility (the “Amended Term Loan A Facility”) and a seven-year $1.0 billion term loan B facility (the “Amended Term Loan B Facility”) (together, the “Amended Credit Facilities”). The proceeds from the Amended Credit Facilities were used to repay the balances of the previous credit facilities.
The interest rates per annum applicable to loans under the Amended Credit Facilities are, at the Company’s option, equal to either an adjusted secured overnight financing rate (“Term SOFR”) or a base rate, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for each of the Amended Revolving Credit Facility and the Amended Term Loan A Facility ranges from 2.25 % to 1.50 % per annum for Term SOFR loans and 1.25 % to 0.50 % per annum for base rate loans, in each case depending on the Company’s total net leverage ratio (as defined within the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement). The applicable margin for the Amended Term Loan B Facility was 2.75 % per annum for Term SOFR loans and 1.75 % per annum for base rate loans until the margins were both reduced by 25 0.50 % per annum and a base rate “floor” of 1.50 % per annum. In addition, the Company pays a commitment fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility at a rate that ranges from 0.35 % to 0.20 % per annum, depending on the Company’s total net leverage ratio (as defined within the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement).
The Amended Credit Facilities contain customary covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to grant liens on their assets, incur indebtedness, sell assets, make investments, engage in acquisitions, mergers or consolidations, pay dividends and make other restricted payments
15
and prepay certain indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the obligations under the Amended Credit Facilities. The Amended Credit Facilities contain two financial covenants: a maximum total net leverage ratio (as defined within the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) of 4.50 to 1.00, which is subject to a step up to 5.00 to 1.00 in the case of certain significant acquisitions, and a minimum interest coverage ratio (as defined within the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) of 2.00 to 1.00. The Amended Credit Facilities also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the documents governing the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement), termination and certain defaults under the Master Leases, which are discussed in Note 6, “Leases”.
On February 15, 2024 (the “First Amendment Effective Date”), PENN entered into a First Amendment (the “First Amendment Agreement”) with its various lenders amending its Amended Credit Facilities. The First Amendment Agreement provided for certain adjustments, during a specified time period (“Covenant Relief Period”), in our calculations to comply with the maximum total net leverage ratio or minimum interest coverage ratio (as such terms are defined in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement). As of June 30, 2025, the Covenant Relief Period has concluded, and we are now required to maintain the specified financial ratios and satisfy the financial tests under the Amended Credit Facilities, as described above.
On December 4, 2024 (the “Second Amendment Effective Date”), PENN entered into a Second Amendment (the “Second Amendment Agreement”) with its various lenders to reduce the interest rate margins applicable to the Company’s approximately $978 million in existing Amended Term Loan B Facility loans from 2.75 % to 2.50 % for Term SOFR loans, and from 1.75 % to 1.50 % for base rate loans.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $467.5 million drawn on the Amended Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, the Company had conditional obligations under letters of credit issued pursuant to the Amended Credit Facilities with face amounts aggregating to $24.7 million, resulting in $507.8 million of available borrowing capacity under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility. As of August 6, 2025, the Company had $380.0 million in outstanding borrowings under its Amended Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in $595.3 million in available borrowing capacity.
In May 2020, the Company completed a public offering of $330.5 million aggregate principal amount of 2.75 % unsecured convertible notes (the “Convertible Notes”) that mature, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased, on May 15, 2026 at a price of par.
On June 13, 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with certain holders of the Convertible Notes to repurchase $223.8 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes. As a result of the repurchases on June 20, 2025, the Company recorded a $11.8
As of June 30, 2025 our Convertible Notes are scheduled to mature within the next 12 months. Although the stated maturity is within one year, the Company has classified this obligation as long-term based on its intent and ability to refinance on a long-term basis.
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, no 5,928,661 as of June 30, 2025.
The Convertible Notes consisted of the following components:
| (in millions) | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Liability: | |||||||||||
| Principal | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | $ | |||||||||
16
Interest expense, net
The table below presents interest expense, net:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized interest | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The table below presents interest expense related to the Convertible Notes:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Coupon interest | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Notes interest expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes at an effective interest rate of 3.3 %. The remaining term of the Convertible Notes was 11 months as of June 30, 2025.
Covenants
Our Amended Credit Facilities, 5.625 % Notes due 2027 (the “5.625 % Notes”), and 4.125 % Notes due 2029 (the “4.125 % Notes”), require us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests. In addition, our Amended Credit Facilities, 5.625 % Notes and 4.125 % Notes, restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on assets, make investments, engage in mergers or consolidations, and otherwise restrict corporate activities. Our debt agreements also contain customary events of default, including cross-default provisions that require us to meet certain requirements under the Master Leases (which are defined in Note 6, “Leases”), each with GLPI. If we are unable to meet our financial covenants or in the event of a cross-default, it could trigger an acceleration of payment terms.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all required financial covenants. The Company believes that it will remain in compliance with all of its required financial covenants for at least the next twelve months following the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC.
Other Long-Term Obligation
In February 2021, we entered into a third-party financing arrangement providing the Company with upfront and non-refundable cash proceeds of $72.5 million while permitting us to participate in future proceeds on certain claims for insurance coverage benefits from the Company’s insurers (the “Insurers”) for economic losses PENN sustained due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On May 7, 2025, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania (the “SCP”) issued a ruling on the Company’s appeal of a lower court’s summary judgement that found in favor of the Insurers, affirming the lower court’s ruling. As a result of the SCP’s ruling, the Company has determined that obligations under these claims are no longer probable. Accordingly, during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, we recognized a non-cash gain, which consists of the cash proceeds received in 2021 of $72.5 million and $142.6 million of accreted non-cash interest. The gain is recorded as “Gain on financing arrangement” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Prior to recognizing the non-cash gain, as described above, the financing obligation was classified as a non-current liability and had a $201.2 million balance as of December 31, 2024. Consistent with an obligor’s accounting under a debt instrument, period interest was accreted using an effective interest rate of 27.0 % until the time that the claims and related obligations were resolved. The amount included in “Interest expense, net” related to this obligation was zero and $11.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $13.9 million and $22.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
17
Note 6—Leases
Master Leases
The components contained within the Master Leases are accounted for as either (i) operating leases, (ii) finance leases, or (iii) financing obligations. Changes to future lease payments that are not fixed within the Master Leases (i.e., when future escalators become known or future variable rent resets occur), which are discussed below, require the Company to either (i) increase both the ROU assets and corresponding lease liabilities with respect to operating and finance leases or (ii) record the incremental variable payment associated with the financing obligation to interest expense.
AR PENN Master Lease
On February 21, 2023, the Company and GLPI entered into an agreement to amend and restate the triple net master lease dated November 1, 2013 (the “AR PENN Master Lease”), effective January 1, 2023, to (i) remove the land and buildings for Hollywood Casino Aurora (“Aurora”), Hollywood Casino Joliet (“Joliet”), Hollywood Casino Columbus (“Columbus”), Hollywood Casino Toledo (“Toledo”), and the M Resort Spa Casino (“M Resort”), and (ii) make associated adjustments to the rent. Subsequent to the execution of the AR PENN Master Lease, the lease contains real estate assets associated with 14 of the Company’s gaming facilities used in its operations. The current term of the AR PENN Master Lease expires on October 31, 2033 and thereafter contains three renewal terms of five years each on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The AR PENN Master Lease along with the 2023 Master Lease (as defined and discussed below) are cross-defaulted, cross-collateralized, and coterminous, and subject to a parent guarantee.
The payment structure under the AR PENN Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2 %, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the AR PENN Master Lease) of 1.8 :1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every five years by an amount equal to 4 % of the average change in net revenues of all properties associated with the AR PENN Master Lease compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding five years (“AR PENN Percentage Rent”).
The land and building components contained within the AR PENN Master Lease are classified as operating leases and are recorded to “General and administrative” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The next annual escalator test date is scheduled to occur on November 1, 2025. The next AR PENN Percentage Rent reset is scheduled to occur on November 1, 2028.
2023 Master Lease
Concurrent with the execution of the AR PENN Master Lease, the Company and GLPI entered into a new triple net master lease (the “2023 Master Lease”), effective January 1, 2023, specific to the property associated with Aurora, Joliet, Columbus, Toledo, M Resort, Hollywood Casino at The Meadows (“Meadows”), and Hollywood Casino Perryville (“Perryville”) and a master development agreement (the “Master Development Agreement”). The 2023 Master Lease has an initial term through October 31, 2033 with three subsequent five-year renewal periods on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The 2023 Master Lease and AR PENN Master Lease are cross-defaulted, cross-collateralized, and coterminous, and subject to a parent guarantee.
The land and building components contained within the 2023 Master Lease are classified as operating leases and are recorded to “General and administrative” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The 2023 Master Lease includes a base rent (the “2023 Master Lease Base Rent”) and the Master Development Agreement contains additional rent (together with the 2023 Master Lease Base Rent, the “2023 Master Lease Rent”) equal to (i) 7.75 % of any project funding received by PENN from GLPI for an anticipated relocation of our riverboat casino and related developments with respect to Aurora (the “Aurora Project”) and (ii) a percentage, based on the then-current GLPI stock price, of any project funding received by PENN from GLPI for certain anticipated development projects with respect to Joliet (the “Joliet Project”), M Resort (the “M Resort Project”), Columbus (the “Columbus Project” and together with the Joliet Project and M Resort Project, the “Other Development Projects,” and together with the Aurora Project, referred to as the “PENN Development Projects”). The Master Development Agreement provides that GLPI will fund up to $225.0 million for the Aurora Project and, upon our request, up to $130.0 million for the Joliet Project, up to $150.0 million for the M Resort Project, and up to $70.0 million for the Columbus Project, in accordance with certain terms and conditions set forth in the Master Development Agreement. These funding obligations of GLPI expire on January 1, 2026. The 2023 Master Lease Rent will be subject to a one-time increase of $1.4 million, effective November 1, 2027. The 2023 Master Lease Rent is subject to an annual fixed escalator rent increase of 1.5 % which began on November 1, 2023 and will continue to increase annually thereafter. The Master
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Development Agreement provides that PENN may elect not to proceed with a development project prior to GLPI’s commencement of any equity or debt offering or credit facility draw intended to fund such a project or after such time in certain instances, provided that GLPI will be reimbursed for all costs and expenses incurred in connection with such discontinued project. The PENN Development Projects are all subject to necessary regulatory and other government approvals. As of August 6, 2025, the Company has requested and received the full $130.0 million in funding from GLPI for the Joliet Project expected to open on August 11, 2025. We have neither requested nor received any funding from GLPI for the Aurora Project, M Resort Project, or Columbus Project. We concluded that the GLPI funding received subsequent to June 30, 2025 constitutes a modification event under ASC Topic 842, “Leases,” (“ASC 842”) and are currently reassessing, remeasuring, and quantifying the impact of the modification to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, which may be material. The modification event is expected to result in (i) a gain or loss recorded to our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations; and (ii) a revaluation of our ROU assets and corresponding lease liabilities on our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Pinnacle Master Lease
In connection with the acquisition of Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. on October 15, 2018, the Company assumed a triple net master lease with GLPI (the “Pinnacle Master Lease”), originally effective April 28, 2016, pursuant to which the Company leases real estate assets associated with 12 of the gaming facilities used in its operations. Upon assumption of the Pinnacle Master Lease, as amended, there were 7.5 years remaining of the initial ten-year term, with five subsequent, five-year renewal periods, on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The Company has determined that the lease term is 32.5 years.
The payment structure under the Pinnacle Master Lease includes a fixed component, a portion of which is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2 %, depending on the Adjusted Revenue to Rent Ratio (as defined in the Pinnacle Master Lease) of 1.8 :1, and a component that is based on performance of the properties, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4 % of the average change in net revenues compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Pinnacle Percentage Rent”).
The Pinnacle Master Lease contains land and building components that are classified as finance leases and financing obligations. Lease components classified as a finance lease are recorded to “Depreciation and amortization” and “Interest expense, net” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recognizes interest expense on the lease payments related to the financing obligation under the effective yield method.
We did not incur an annual escalator for the lease year ended April 30, 2025. The next annual escalator test date and Pinnacle Percentage Rent reset are both scheduled to occur on May 1, 2026.
Other Triple Net Leases with REIT Landlords
Morgantown Lease
On October 1, 2020, the Company entered into an individual triple net lease with a subsidiary of GLPI for the land underlying our development project in Morgantown, Pennsylvania (“Morgantown Lease”) in exchange for $30.0 million in rent credits.
The initial term of the Morgantown Lease is 20 years with six subsequent, five-year renewal periods, exercisable at the Company’s option. Initial annual rent under the Morgantown Lease is $3.0 million, subject to a 1.50 % fixed annual escalation in each of the first three years subsequent to the facility opening, which occurred on December 22, 2021. Thereafter, the lease will be subject to an annual escalator consisting of either (i) 1.25 %, if the consumer price index increase is greater than 0.50 %, or (ii) zero , if the consumer price index increase is less than 0.50 %. All improvements made on the land, including the constructed building, will be owned by the Company while the lease is in effect, however, on the expiration or termination of the Morgantown Lease, ownership of all tenant improvements on the land will transfer to GLPI.
We concluded control of the land underlying the Morgantown facility was not passed from the Company to the lessor in accordance with ASC 842. As such we recognized a financing obligation in accordance with ASC Topic 470, “Debt,” (“ASC 470”) and continue to recognize the underlying land asset in “Property and equipment, net” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes interest expense on the lease payments related to the financing obligation under the effective yield method.
Margaritaville Lease
On January 1, 2019, the Company entered into an individual triple net lease with VICI Properties Inc. (NYSE: VICI) (“VICI”) for the real estate assets used in the operations of Margaritaville Resort Casino (the “Margaritaville Lease”). The
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Margaritaville Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with four subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Margaritaville Lease includes a fixed component, a portion that is subject to an annual escalator of up to 2 % depending on a minimum coverage floor ratio of Net Revenue to Rent of 6.1 :1, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4 % of the average change in net revenues of the property compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Margaritaville Percentage Rent”).
As a result of the annual escalator test, effective as of February 1 for the lease year ended January 31, the fixed components of rent and an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease liability were recognized as follows:
| (in millions) | 2025 | ||||
Annual escalator | $ | ||||
Operating ROU asset and lease liability recognized | $ | ||||
The Margaritaville Percentage Rent reset on February 1, 2025 and will be effective until the next Margaritaville Percentage Rent reset, scheduled to occur on February 1, 2027. As a result of the Margaritaville Percentage Rent reset for the lease year ended January 31, the performance-based component of rent and an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease liability were recognized as follows:
| (in millions) | 2025 | ||||
Decrease to the performance-based component of rent | $ | ||||
Operating ROU asset and lease liability recognized | $ | ||||
The land and building components contained within the Margaritaville Lease are classified as operating leases and are recorded to “General and administrative” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Greektown Lease
On May 23, 2019, the Company entered into an individual triple net lease with VICI for the real estate assets used in the operations of Hollywood Casino at Greektown (the “Greektown Lease”). The Greektown Lease has an initial term of 15 years, with four subsequent five-year renewal options on the same terms and conditions, exercisable at the Company’s option. The payment structure under the Greektown Lease includes a fixed component, a portion subject to an annual escalator of up to 2 % initially determined based on an Adjusted Revenue to Rent ratio, as defined in the Greektown Lease, and subsequently amended to be determined based on an agreed upon minimum coverage floor ratio of Net Revenue to Rent, and a component that is based on performance, which is prospectively adjusted every two years by an amount equal to 4 % of the average change in net revenues of the property compared to a contractual baseline during the preceding two years (“Greektown Percentage Rent”).
On April 1, 2024, the lease was amended to provide for a Net Revenue to Rent coverage floor to be mutually agreed upon prior to the commencement of the ninth lease year (June 1, 2027).
The land and building components contained within the Greektown Lease are classified as operating leases and are recorded to “General and administrative” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
We did not incur an annual escalator for the lease year ended May 31, 2025. The next annual escalator test date is scheduled to occur on June 1, 2026.
The Greektown Percentage Rent reset on June 1, 2025 and will be effective until the next Greektown Percentage Rent reset, scheduled to occur on June 1, 2027. As a result of the Greektown Percentage Rent reset for the lease year ended May 31, the performance-based component of rent and an additional ROU asset and corresponding lease liability were recognized as follows:
| (in millions) | 2025 | ||||
| Increase to the performance-based component of rent | $ | ||||
Operating ROU asset and lease liability recognized | $ | ||||
We refer to the Master Leases, the Morgantown Lease, the Margaritaville Lease, and the Greektown Lease, collectively, as our “Triple Net Leases.”
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Non-REIT Operating Leases
In addition to any operating lease components contained within the Master Leases, Margaritaville Lease, and Greektown Lease (collectively referred to as “triple net operating leases”), the Company’s operating leases consist of (i) ground and levee leases to landlords which were not assumed by our REIT Landlords and remain an obligation of the Company, and (ii) buildings and equipment not associated with our REIT Landlords. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a percentage of sales over specified contractual amounts, rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation, and rental payments based on usage. The Company’s leases include options to extend the lease terms. The Company’s operating lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
The following is a maturity analysis of our operating leases, finance leases, and financing obligations as of June 30, 2025:
| (in millions) | Operating Leases | Finance Leases | Financing Obligations | ||||||||||||||
| Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 (excluding the six months ended June 30, 2025) | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | |||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||
| Total lease payments | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Imputed interest | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Present value of future lease payments | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Current portion of lease obligations | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term portion of lease obligations | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Total payments made under our Triple Net Leases were as follows:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| AR PENN Master Lease | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 Master Lease | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pinnacle Master Lease | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Margaritaville Lease | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Greektown Lease | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgantown Lease | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Information related to lease term and discount rate was as follows:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | |||||||||||
| Finance leases | |||||||||||
| Financing obligations | |||||||||||
| Weighted-Average Discount Rate | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | |||||||||
| Finance leases | % | % | |||||||||
| Financing obligations | % | % | |||||||||
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The components of lease expense were as follows:
| Location on unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations | For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Lease Costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases | General and administrative | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease cost (1) | Primarily General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | Primarily Gaming expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable lease cost (1) | Primarily Gaming expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance Lease Costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on lease liabilities (2) | Interest expense, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of ROU assets (2) | Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing Obligation Costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on financing obligations (3) | Interest expense, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Excludes the operating lease costs and variable lease costs pertaining to our triple net leases with our REIT landlords classified as operating leases.
(2) Pertains to finance lease components associated with the Pinnacle Master Lease (primarily land).
(3) Pertains to the components contained within the Pinnacle Master Lease (buildings) and the Morgantown Lease.
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
| For the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Non-cash lease activities: | |||||||||||
| Commencement of operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Commencement of finance leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
Note 7—Income Taxes
The Company calculates its provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate to its year-to-date pre-tax book income or loss. The tax effects of discrete items are recognized in the period in which they occur. The effective tax rate (income taxes as a percentage of income from operations before income taxes) including discrete items was 54.4 % and 28.0 % for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to (91.0 )% and 19.4 % for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the prior-year periods, was primarily driven by: (i) excluding certain foreign losses for which no tax benefit can be recognized in our worldwide effective tax rate calculation, (ii) non-deductible permanent items offset against tax credit utilization, (iii) state taxes, and (iv) changes to the valuation allowance. The Company excluded certain foreign losses from its worldwide effective tax rate calculation due to a year-to-date ordinary loss for which no benefit may be recognized. The effective tax rate may vary from period to period depending on, among other factors, the geographic and business mix of our earnings, and changes to our valuation allowance assessment. These and other factors, including the Company’s history and projections of pre-tax earnings, are considered in evaluating the realizability of deferred tax assets.
As of each reporting date, the Company evaluates all available positive and negative evidence in assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” (“ASC 740”) As of June 30, 2025, the Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets not considered “more likely than not” to be realized. A
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reduction in the valuation allowance could result in a significant decrease in income tax expense in the period the release is recorded. The timing and amount of any reversal will depend on actual earnings achieved in 2025 and projected future income levels.
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had prepaid income taxes of $4.6 million and $31.9 million, respectively, which were included in “Prepaid expenses” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 8—Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is subject to various legal and administrative proceedings relating to personal injuries, employment matters, commercial transactions, development agreements and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company maintains what it believes to be adequate insurance coverage to mitigate the risk of loss pertaining to covered matters, legal and administrative proceedings can be costly, time-consuming, and unpredictable. The Company does not believe that the final outcome of these matters will have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
ESPN Sportsbook and Investment Agreements
On August 8, 2023, PENN entered into the Sportsbook Agreement (the “Sportsbook Agreement”) with ESPN which provides for a long-term strategic relationship between PENN and ESPN relating to online sports betting in the United States. Pursuant to the Sportsbook Agreement, PENN received the exclusive right to use the ESPN BET trademark for online sports betting in the United States.
The Sportsbook Agreement has an initial 10-year term and may be extended for an additional ten years upon mutual agreement of PENN and ESPN. In consideration for the media marketing services and brand and other rights provided by ESPN, PENN will pay $150.0 million per year in cash pursuant to the Sportsbook Agreement for the initial 10-year term and issue warrants pursuant to the Investment Agreement (as defined and described in more detail below). The Sportsbook Agreement may be terminated by either party if at the end of year three of the term ESPN BET has not achieved a specified level of market share based on gross gaming revenue in the states in which it operates while branded ESPN BET, and other terms pursuant to the agreement.
In connection with the Sportsbook Agreement, PENN and ESPN, Inc. entered into an Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”) on August 8, 2023. The Investment Agreement provides for the issuance to ESPN, Inc. of certain warrants to purchase shares of PENN common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and setting forth certain other governance rights of ESPN, Inc. Pursuant to the Investment Agreement PENN issued to ESPN, Inc. warrants to purchase approximately 31.8 million shares of PENN common stock. The warrants are classified as equity and contain three separate tranches which vest quarterly over ten years from the date of the Investment Agreement, provided that any remaining unvested portion of the first tranche of warrants will vest on August 8, 2032.
If the Sportsbook Agreement is terminated by ESPN due to a material breach of the Sportsbook Agreement by PENN, then all unvested warrants will immediately vest. If the Sportsbook Agreement is terminated for any other reason, then all unvested warrants will immediately be forfeited, subject to certain exceptions. At the grant date, the $550.4 million fair value of the awards was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with contractual terms ranging from 9.5 to 11.5 years, and strike prices ranging from $26.08 to $32.60 .
Additionally, if after February 29, 2024 and during the term of the Sportsbook Agreement PENN achieves specified performance conditions based on an average market share based on gross gaming revenue in the states in which ESPN BET operates (as defined within the Investment Agreement), PENN could issue to ESPN, Inc. warrants to purchase up to an additional 6.4 million shares of PENN common stock. The additional warrants will be fully vested upon issuance, have an exercise price of $28.95 , and will be exercisable for 10.5 years from the date of issuance.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized $37.5 million and $75.0 million of expense, respectively, related to the Sportsbook Agreement, and $14.3 million and $28.5 million, respectively, related to the Investment Agreement. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized $50.0 million and
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$100.0 million of expense, respectively, related to the Sportsbook Agreement, and $18.8 million and $37.5 million, respectively, related to the Investment Agreement. Expenses related to the Sportsbook Agreement and the Investment Agreement are recorded within “Gaming” expenses on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and recognized in accordance with our policies. See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation” for further information.
Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity and Stock-Based Compensation
Common and Preferred Stock
In connection with the acquisition of Score Media and Gaming, Inc. (“theScore”) in October 2021, the Company issued 12,319,340 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 , and 697,539 exchangeable shares, par value $0.01 (“Exchangeable Shares”) through the capital of an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of PENN, in addition to cash consideration. Each Exchangeable Share is exchangeable into one share of PENN common stock at the option of the holder, subject to certain adjustments. Upon the acquisition of theScore, certain employees of theScore elected to have their outstanding equity awards, which were assumed under theScore plan (as defined below), issued as Exchangeable Shares, once the shares vest or are exercised. In addition, the Company may redeem all outstanding Exchangeable Shares in exchange for shares of PENN common stock at any time following the fifth anniversary of the closing, or earlier under certain circumstances.
We did not 68,048 Exchangeable Shares. As of both periods ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 768,441 380,478 shares and 466,534 shares were outstanding, respectively.
Share Repurchase Authorization
On December 6, 2022, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization for $750.0 million (the “December 2022 Authorization”), which expires on December 31, 2025.
Repurchases by the Company are subject to available liquidity, general market and economic conditions, alternate uses for the capital, and other factors. Share repurchases may be made from time to time through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, open market transactions, block trades or in private transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws and regulations and other legal requirements. There is no minimum number of shares that the Company is required to repurchase and the repurchase authorization may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, the Company repurchased 5,835,467 and 7,249,349 shares of its common stock in open market transactions for $90.3 million and $115.3 million at an average price of $15.47 and $15.90 per share. No
The cost of all repurchased shares is recorded as “Treasury stock” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of August 6, 2025, the remaining availability under our December 2022 Authorization was $634.4 million.
2022 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan
On June 7, 2022, the Company’s shareholders, upon the recommendation of the Company’s Board of Directors, approved the Company’s 2022 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2022 Plan”). The 2022 Plan authorizes the Company to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock (shares and/or units), performance awards (shares and/or units), and cash awards to executive officers, non-employee directors, other employees, consultants, and advisors of the Company and its subsidiaries. Non-employee directors and consultants are eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. Pursuant to the 2022 Plan, an initial 6,870,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance, plus any shares of common stock subject to outstanding awards under both the previous 2018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (“2018 Plan”) and Score Media and Gaming Inc. Second Amended and Restated Stock Option and Restricted Stock Unit Plan (the “theScore Plan”) as of June 7, 2022, and outstanding awards that are forfeited or settled for cash under each of the prior plans.
On June 6, 2023, the Company’s shareholders, upon the recommendation of the Company’s Board of Directors, approved an amendment to the 2022 Plan (as amended, the “2022 Amended Plan”), which increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan by 7,000,000 shares.
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On June 17, 2025, upon the recommendation of the Company’s Board of Directors, shareholders approved a second amendment to the 2022 Plan (as amended, the “2022 Plan – Second Amendment”). Among other changes, this amendment increased the total number of shares reserved for issuance to 22,067,275 shares. For purposes of determining the number of shares available for issuance under the 2022 Plan – Second Amendment, stock options, restricted stock, and all other equity settled awards count against the 22,067,275 share limit as one share of common stock for each share granted. Any awards that are not settled in shares of common stock are not counted against the share limit. As of June 30, 2025, there are 8,452,398 shares available for future grants under the 2022 Plan – Second Amendment.
Performance Share Program
The Company’s performance share programs were adopted to provide our NEOs and certain other key executives with stock-based compensation tied directly to the Company’s performance, which further aligns their interests with our shareholders and provides compensation only if the designated performance goals are met for the applicable performance periods.
The Company granted 1,254,323 1,317,269 one three-year performance period over a three-year service period. The awards have the potential to be earned at between 0 % and 200 % of the number of shares granted depending on achievement of the performance goals and remain subject to vesting for the full three-year service period.
Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense pertains to our stock options and restricted stock, including restricted stock with performance conditions. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $16.1 million and $14.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $31.7 million and $26.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which is included in “General and administrative” expense within the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Note 10—Earnings (Loss) per Share
We recorded a net loss attributable to PENN for both of the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and for the six months ended June 30, 2024. As such, the dilution from potential common shares was anti-dilutive, and therefore, we used basic weighted-average common shares outstanding rather than diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding when calculating diluted loss per share. Stock options, restricted stock, and convertible debt that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the future, that were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share, are as follows:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed conversion of dilutive stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed conversion of dilutive restricted stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed conversion of convertible debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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For the six months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded net income attributable to PENN. As such, we used diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding when calculating diluted income per share. Stock options, restricted stock, and convertible debt that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the future are included in the computation of diluted income per share. The following table reconciles the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic EPS to the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted EPS for the six months ended June 30, 2025. There are no reconciling items between the weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic and diluted EPS calculations for the periods in which we recorded a net loss.
| For the six months ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assumed conversion of: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive restricted stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Convertible debt (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock with performance and market based vesting conditions that have not been met as of June 30, 2025 were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS.
Anti-dilutive equity-based awards are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS, and primarily consists of stock options awarded under the Company’s previous and current long-term incentive compensation plans and warrants issued under the terms of the Investment Agreement on August 8, 2023 as described in Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies.”
Anti-dilutive options and warrants to purchase 37.0 36.0
The Company’s calculation of weighted-average common shares outstanding includes the Exchangeable Shares issued in connection with theScore acquisition, as discussed in Note 9, “Stockholders’ Equity and Stock-Based Compensation.” The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the Company’s common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) applicable to common stock | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — PENN Entertainment, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding — Exchangeable Shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) applicable to common stock | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net of tax (1): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted income (loss) applicable to common stock | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
(1)The tax-affected rate was 21 % for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
26
Note 11—Fair Value Measurements
ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” establishes a hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). The levels of the hierarchy are described below:
•Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; these include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
•Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity.
The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate. The fair value of the Company’s trade accounts receivable and payable approximates the carrying amounts.
Long-Term Debt
The fair value of our Amended Credit Facilities, 5.625 % Notes, 4.125 % Notes, and the Convertible Notes is estimated based on quoted prices in active markets. Due to their trading frequency, these long-term debt instruments are classified as Level 2 measurements.
Other long-term obligations as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included the repayment obligation of the hotel and event center located near Hollywood Casino Lawrenceburg. The fair value of the Lawrenceburg repayment obligation is estimated based on rates consistent with the Company’s credit rating for comparable terms and debt instruments and is classified as a Level 2 measurement.
As discussed in Note 5, “Long-Term Debt,” other long-term obligations as of December 31, 2024 included a third-party financing arrangement entered into in February 2021. This financing arrangement provided the Company with upfront and non-refundable cash proceeds while permitting us to participate in future proceeds on certain claims. The financing obligation was classified as a Level 3 measurement and as of December 31, 2024 was included within our Consolidated Balance Sheets in “Long-term debt, net of current maturities, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs.”
Other Liabilities
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, other liabilities included a contingent purchase price liability related to Plainridge Park Casino, calculated based on earnings of the gaming operations over the first ten years one additional annual payment. The fair value of this liability was estimated based on an income approach using a discounted cash flow model. This contingent purchase price liability is classified as a Level 3 measurement and is included within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”
Additionally, as of both periods ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, other liabilities include a $39.5
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The carrying amounts and estimated fair values by input level of the Company’s financial instruments were as follows:
| June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets:(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Held-to-maturity securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Promissory notes | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amended Credit Facilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Notes | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term obligations | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Held-to-maturity securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Promissory notes | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amended Credit Facilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Notes | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term obligations | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold its equity securities for $12.0 million and recognized a gain of $0.6 million.
The following table summarizes the changes in fair value of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis:
| (in millions) | Other Assets and Liabilities | ||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2025 | $ | ||||
Interest (1) | |||||
Included in income and other comprehensive income (1) | ( | ||||
Balance as of June 30, 2025 | $ | ||||
(1)Primarily relates to the interest expense and non-cash gain on financing arrangement. See Note 5, “Long-Term Debt.”
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The following table summarizes the significant unobservable inputs used in calculating fair value for our Level 3 assets and liabilities on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025:
| Valuation Technique | Unobservable Input | Discount Rate | |||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale debt securities | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | % | ||||||||||||||
| Contingent purchase price - Plainridge Park Casino | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | % | ||||||||||||||
Note 12—Segment Information
We have five reportable segments: Northeast, South, West, Midwest, and Interactive. Our gaming and racing properties are grouped by geographic location, and each is viewed as an operating segment with the exception of our two properties in Jackpot, Nevada, which are viewed as one operating segment. We consider our combined VGT operations, by state, to be separate operating segments.
The retail segments primarily generate revenue from gaming operations (such as slot machines and table games), food and beverage offerings, and hotel visitation. The accounting policies of our retail segments are the same as those described in our significant accounting policies. See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation” for further information.
The Interactive segment includes all of our online gaming operations, management of retail sports betting, and media operations. The accounting policies of our Interactive segment are the same as those described in our significant accounting policies. See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation” for further information.
The Other category, included in the tables to reconcile the segment information to the consolidated information, consists of our stand-alone racing operations, namely Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club, Sam Houston and Valley Race Park, the Company’s joint venture interests in Freehold Raceway (which ceased operations on December 28, 2024), and our management contract for Retama Park Racetrack. The Other category also includes corporate overhead expenses, which consist of certain expenses, such as: payroll, professional fees, travel expenses, and other general and administrative expenses that have not otherwise been allocated.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer and President. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR (as defined below) is our measure of segment profit or loss for each segment and is utilized by the CODM as follows:
•within the annual budget and forecasting process when making decisions about the allocation of operating and capital resources to each segment;
•to evaluate monthly budget-to-actual variances which are used in assessing segment performance;
•to determine whether to reinvest profits into the segment or into other parts of the Company, such as new development projects, return generating investments in our retail operations and Interactive segment; and
•to determine various capital allocation initiatives such as mergers and acquisitions, share repurchases, and delevering.
The tables below provide information about our revenues, expenses, and Segment Adjusted EBITDAR and provide a reconciliation to net income (loss).
29
| For the three months ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Media and advertising (3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items (4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR (5) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating benefits (costs) and other income (expenses): | |||||
Other category (6) | ( | ||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (7) | ( | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | ( | ||||
| Cash-settled stock-based awards variance | |||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | ( | ||||
| Pre-opening expenses | ( | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ( | ||||
Impairment loss (8) | ( | ||||
Non-operating items of equity method investments (9) | ( | ||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ||||
| Interest income | |||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | ( | ||||
Other (10) | |||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ||||
Income tax expense | ( | ||||
Net loss | $ | ( | |||
(1)Revenues and gaming taxes expense within the Interactive segment are inclusive of gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $137.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025.
(2)Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
(3)Includes advertising expenses of $37.5 million related to the Sportsbook Agreement and $14.3 million related to the Investment Agreement with ESPN. Also, includes advertising and media expenses (including such expenses associated with theScore) across various platforms, including television, radio, out-of-home, social media, and both paid and organic search, and sponsorships and media costs associated with partnerships with major sports leagues, and other professional sports teams.
(4)For each reportable segment, the Other segment items category includes:
a.Northeast segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
b.South segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
c.West segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
d.Midwest segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
e.Interactive segment - professional services, legal expenses, software subscriptions and maintenance fees, software development costs, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, other taxes and fees, lease expense, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
(5)We define Segment Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (see footnote (7) below), stock-based compensation, debt extinguishment charges, impairment
30
losses, insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges, changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, pre-opening expenses, loss on disposal of a business, non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions, and other. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (see footnote (9) below) added back for our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(6)Primarily represents corporate overhead expenses of $38.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, which is inclusive of $9.4 million of legal and advisory costs related to activist activity in connection with our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders.
(7)Pertains to the following operating leases: (i) AR PENN Master Lease; (ii) 2023 Master Lease; (iii) Margaritaville Lease; and (iv) Greektown Lease.
(8)Relates to an impairment charge in our Midwest segment.
(9)Consists primarily of depreciation expense associated with our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(10)Primarily relates to realized and unrealized gains and losses on equity securities held by PENN Interactive as well as miscellaneous income and expense items.
| For the three months ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Media and advertising (3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items (4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR (5) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating benefits (costs) and other income (expenses): | |||||
Other category (6) | ( | ||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (7) | ( | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | ( | ||||
| Cash-settled stock-based awards variance | |||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | ( | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ( | ||||
| Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges | |||||
Non-operating items of equity method investments (8) | ( | ||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ||||
| Interest income | |||||
Other (9) | ( | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ||||
| Income tax benefit | |||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | |||
(1)Revenues and gaming taxes expense within the Interactive segment are inclusive of gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $82.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024.
(2)Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
(3)Includes advertising expenses of $50.0 million related to the Sportsbook Agreement and $18.8 million related to the Investment Agreement with ESPN. While the Sportsbook Agreement and Investment Agreement commenced on August 8, 2023, the Company began recognizing advertising expense, specific to the initial annual period, during the fourth quarter of 2023. Also, includes advertising and media expenses (including such expenses associated with theScore) across various platforms, including television, radio, out-of-home, social media, and both paid and organic search, and sponsorships and media costs associated with partnerships with major sports leagues, and other professional sports teams.
(4)For each reportable segment, the Other segment items category includes:
a.Northeast segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
b.South segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
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c.West segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
d.Midwest segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
e.Interactive segment - professional services, legal expenses, software subscriptions and maintenance fees, software development costs, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, other taxes and fees, lease expense, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
(5)We define Segment Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (see footnote (7) below), stock-based compensation, debt extinguishment charges, impairment losses, insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges, changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, pre-opening expenses, loss on disposal of a business, non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions, and other. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (see footnote (8) below) added back for our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(6)Primarily represents corporate overhead expenses of $24.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024.
(7)Pertains to the following operating leases: (i) AR PENN Master Lease; (ii) 2023 Master Lease; (iii) Margaritaville Lease; and (iv) Greektown Lease.
(8)Consists primarily of depreciation expense associated with our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(9)Primarily relates to unrealized losses on equity securities held by PENN Interactive as well as miscellaneous income and expense items.
| For the six months ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Media and advertising (3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items (4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR (5) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating benefits (costs) and other income (expenses): | |||||
Other category (6) | ( | ||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (7) | ( | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | ( | ||||
| Cash-settled stock-based awards variance | |||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | ( | ||||
| Pre-opening expenses | ( | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ( | ||||
Impairment loss (8) | ( | ||||
Non-operating items of equity method investments (9) | ( | ||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ||||
| Interest income | |||||
Gain on financing arrangement (10) | |||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | ( | ||||
Other (11) | |||||
Income before income taxes | |||||
Income tax expense | ( | ||||
| Net income | $ | ||||
(1)Revenues and gaming taxes expense within the Interactive segment are inclusive of gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $266.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
(2)Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
32
(3)Includes advertising expenses of $75.0 million related to the Sportsbook Agreement and $28.5 million related to the Investment Agreement with ESPN. Also, includes advertising and media expenses (including such expenses associated with theScore) across various platforms, including television, radio, out-of-home, social media, and both paid and organic search, and sponsorships and media costs associated with partnerships with major sports leagues, and other professional sports teams.
(4)For each reportable segment, the Other segment items category includes:
a.Northeast segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
b.South segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
c.West segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
d.Midwest segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
e.Interactive segment - professional services, legal expenses, software subscriptions and maintenance fees, software development costs, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, other taxes and fees, lease expense, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
(5)We define Segment Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (see footnote (7) below), stock-based compensation, debt extinguishment charges, impairment losses, insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges, changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, pre-opening expenses, loss on disposal of a business, non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions, and other. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (see footnote (9) below) added back for our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(6)Primarily represents corporate overhead expenses of $74.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, which is inclusive of $17.1 million of legal and advisory costs related to activist activity in connection with our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders.
(7)Pertains to the following operating leases: (i) AR PENN Master Lease; (ii) 2023 Master Lease; (iii) Margaritaville Lease; and (iv) Greektown Lease.
(8)Relates to an impairment charge in our Midwest segment.
(9)Consists primarily of depreciation expense associated with our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(10)Relates to the $215.1 million non-cash gain on financing arrangement. See Note 5, “Long-Term Debt.”
(11)Primarily relates to realized and unrealized gains and losses on equity securities held by PENN Interactive as well as miscellaneous income and expense items.
33
| For the six months ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive (1) | Other | Intersegment Eliminations (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Media and advertising (3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items (4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR (5) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating benefits (costs) and other income (expenses): | |||||
Other category (6) | ( | ||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (7) | ( | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | ( | ||||
| Cash-settled stock-based awards variance | |||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | ( | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ( | ||||
| Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges | |||||
Non-operating items of equity method investments (8) | ( | ||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ||||
| Interest income | |||||
Other (9) | ( | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ||||
| Income tax benefit | |||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | |||
(1)Revenues and gaming taxes expense within the Interactive segment are inclusive of gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $198.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
(2)Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
(3)Includes advertising expenses of $100.0 million related to the Sportsbook Agreement and $37.5 million related to the Investment Agreement with ESPN. While the Sportsbook Agreement and Investment Agreement commenced on August 8, 2023, the Company began recognizing advertising expense, specific to the initial annual period, during the fourth quarter of 2023. Also, includes advertising and media expenses (including such expenses associated with theScore) across various platforms, including television, radio, out-of-home, social media, and both paid and organic search, and sponsorships and media costs associated with partnerships with major sports leagues, and other professional sports teams.
(4)For each reportable segment, the Other segment items category includes:
a.Northeast segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
b.South segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
c.West segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, and allocated corporate expenses.
d.Midwest segment - cost of goods sold, professional services, legal expenses, facility maintenance, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, advertising and promotional expenses, property taxes, sales and use taxes, other taxes and fees, non-REIT lease expenses, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
e.Interactive segment - professional services, legal expenses, software subscriptions and maintenance fees, software development costs, utilities, supplies, property and liability insurance, other taxes and fees, lease expense, allocated corporate expenses, and third-party revenue share fees.
(5)We define Segment Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (see footnote (7) below), stock-based compensation, debt extinguishment charges, impairment losses, insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges, changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, pre-opening expenses, loss on disposal
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of a business, non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions, and other. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is also inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (see footnote (8) below) added back for our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(6)Primarily represents corporate overhead expenses of $49.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
(7)Pertains to the following operating leases: (i) AR PENN Master Lease; (ii) 2023 Master Lease; (iii) Margaritaville Lease; and (iv) Greektown Lease.
(8)Consists primarily of depreciation expense associated with our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(9)Primarily relates to unrealized losses on equity securities held by PENN Interactive as well as miscellaneous income and expense items.
The table below presents capital expenditures by segment:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast segment | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| South segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| West segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interactive segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital expenditures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The table below presents investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates and total assets by segment:
| (in millions) | Northeast | South | West | Midwest | Interactive | Other (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance sheet as of June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)The real estate assets subject to the Master Leases, which are classified as either property and equipment, net, operating lease ROU assets, or finance lease ROU assets, are included within the Other category.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Our Business
PENN Entertainment, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“PENN,” or the “Company”), is North America’s leading provider of integrated entertainment, sports content, and casino gaming experiences. As of the date of this filing, PENN operated in 28 jurisdictions throughout North America, with a broadly diversified portfolio of casinos, racetracks, and online sports betting, and iCasino offerings under well-recognized brands including Hollywood Casino®, L’Auberge®, ESPN BET™, and theScore BET Sportsbook and Casino®. PENN’s ability to leverage its partnership with ESPN, Inc. and ESPN Enterprises, Inc. (together, “ESPN”), the “worldwide leader in sports,” and its ownership of theScore®, the top digital sports media brand in Canada, is central to the Company’s highly differentiated strategy to expand its footprint and efficiently grow its customer ecosystem. PENN’s focus on organic cross-sell opportunities is reinforced by its market-leading retail casinos, sports media assets, and technology, including a proprietary state-of-the-art, fully integrated digital sports and iCasino betting platform, and an in-house iCasino content studio (PENN Game Studios). The Company’s portfolio is further bolstered by its industry-leading PENN Play™ customer loyalty program, offering its over 32 million members a unique set of rewards and experiences.
The majority of the real estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in our operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are with Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. (Nasdaq: GLPI) (“GLPI”), a real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and include the AR PENN Master Lease, 2023 Master Lease, and Pinnacle Master Lease (as such terms are defined in Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and collectively referred to as the “Master Leases”).
Recent Development Projects
On October 10, 2022, the Company announced its intent to pursue four new development projects, including the land-based relocations of Hollywood Casino Joliet (“Joliet”) and Hollywood Casino Aurora (“Aurora”), a second hotel tower at M Resort Spa Casino (“M Resort”), and a new hotel at Hollywood Casino Columbus (“Columbus”).
Subsequently, on February 21, 2023, as described in Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company and GLPI entered into a master development agreement (the “Master Development Agreement”) related to these development projects.
The Master Development Agreement provides that GLPI will fund (i) up to $225.0 million for the anticipated relocation of our riverboat casino and related developments with respect to Aurora (the “Aurora Project”); and (ii) upon our request, up to $130.0 million for the anticipated relocation of our riverboat casino and related developments with respect to Joliet (the “Joliet Project”), up to $150.0 million for the anticipated second hotel tower at M Resort (the “M Resort Project”), up to $70.0 million for the anticipated new hotel tower at Columbus (the “Columbus Project” and together with Joliet Project and M Resort Project, the “Other Development Projects,” and together with the Aurora Project, referred to as the “PENN Development Projects”), all within accordance with certain terms and conditions set forth in the Master Development Agreement. GLPI has committed up to $225.0 million in funding for the Aurora Project at a 7.75% cap rate, which we are required to draw and the funding will be structured as rent under the 2023 Master Lease (as described in Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements). Rent within the 2023 Master Lease will increase by a percentage, based on the then-current GLPI stock price, of any project funding received by PENN from GLPI for the Other Development Projects. These funding obligations of GLPI expire on January 1, 2026. The PENN Development Projects are all subject to necessary regulatory and other government approvals. As of August 6, 2025, the Company has requested and received the full $130.0 million in funding from GLPI for the Joliet Project expected to open on August 11, 2025. We have neither requested nor received any funding from GLPI for the Aurora Project, M Resort Project, or Columbus Project.
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The Joliet Project to relocate its riverboat casino operations to a new, state-of-the-art land-based facility is expected to open on August 11, 2025. The best-in-class property will feature approximately 1,000 slots and 43 live table games, including high-limit slots and table games, a baccarat room, and an ESPN BET sportsbook. Its unique bars and restaurants include Sorellina by Giada De Laurentiis and Boulevard Food & Drink Hall. Additional features of the new property include an approximately 10,000 square foot, all-ages event center with meeting areas, and approximately 1,330 parking spaces.
The Aurora Project to relocate its riverboat casino operations to a new, state-of-the-art land-based facility is expected to open in the first half of 2026. The land-based casino will feature roughly 1,200 gaming positions, approximately 220 guest rooms, a retail sportsbook, outdoor entertainment area, full-service spa, high-quality bars and restaurants, an approximately 12,000 square foot event center with meeting areas, and approximately 1,700 parking spaces. The Aurora Project included the transfer of certain parcels of land from the City of Aurora, and up to $50.0 million of the project will be funded by the city through a new bond issuance. As of August 6, 2025, the Company has received $13.8 million from the City of Aurora for the Aurora Project.
The second hotel tower at M Resort is expected to open in the first half of 2026. The M Resort Project is expected to add 384 rooms to the Company’s property south of the Las Vegas Strip, bringing its total to 774 rooms and suites. Along with the rooms, there will be expanded meetings space, updated amenities, and additional local partnerships.
The new, state-of-the-art hotel at Columbus is expected to open in the first half of 2026. The hotel is expected to include 180 rooms, meeting space, an additional restaurant, and local partnerships and amenities.
On April 24, 2025, the Company announced a development project to relocate its Ameristar Council Bluffs (“ACB”) riverboat casino operations to a new, state-of-the-art land-based property to be rebranded as Hollywood Casino Council Bluffs (“HCCB”). Under the proposed plan, the new HCCB is expected to include roughly 125,000 square feet of new development with approximately 58,000 square feet of gaming space and more than 1,000 positions on a single level. The new facility will complement the existing ESPN BET sportsbook, 160-room hotel, and dining options in the landside portion of the current infrastructure. The project is anticipated to cost between $180.0 million and $200.0 million and is expected to take 18-24 months to complete following the design and permitting approval process. GLPI has committed to finance up to $150.0 million at a 7.1% cap rate, which may be structured at PENN’s option as either rent or a 5-year term loan that is prepayable at any time without penalty.
Strategic Overview
We believe that our portfolio of assets provides us with the benefit of geographically-diversified cash flow from operations. We expect to continue to expand our gaming operations through the implementation and execution of a disciplined capital expenditure program at our existing properties, the pursuit of strategic acquisitions and investments, and the development of new gaming properties. Our ownership of theScore’s proprietary technology and our partnership with ESPN reflect our strategy to continue evolving from the nation’s largest regional gaming operator to a best-in-class omni-channel provider of retail gaming, iCasino, and sports betting entertainment.
Operating and Competitive Environment
Most of our properties operate in mature, competitive markets. We expect the majority of our future growth to come from our online sports betting and iCasino businesses; improvements, expansions, or relocations of our existing properties; entrance into new jurisdictions; expansions of gaming in existing jurisdictions; strategic investments and acquisitions; and cross-sell opportunities between our retail gaming, online sports betting, and iCasino businesses. Our portfolio is comprised largely of well-maintained regional gaming facilities, which has allowed us to develop what we believe to be a solid base for future growth opportunities.
We continuously adjust operations, offerings, and cost structures to reflect changing economic conditions, as well as consumer demand and behaviors. We also continue to focus on revenue and cost synergies from recent acquisitions, technology enhancements, and providing customers with additional gaming and entertainment experiences through our differentiated omni-channel strategy. We seek to grow our customer database and PENN Play loyalty program through our online sports betting and iCasino businesses, the development of new properties, the expansion of existing properties and other business lines, and through partnerships with third-party partners, such as Shake Shack Inc., The Kroger Company, Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC, Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., Live Nation Entertainment, Inc., and Choice Hotels International, Inc. In addition, our strategic acquisitions (e.g. theScore) and strategic relationships (e.g. our partnership with ESPN), should enable us to acquire new customers, expand our player database, and provide additional revenue streams that enhance our omnichannel strategy.
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The gaming, media, and entertainment industries are characterized by an increasingly high degree of competition among a large number of participants. We compete with a variety of gaming operations, including casinos and hotel casinos of varying quality and size and other gaming options such as state and province-sponsored internet lotteries, sweepstakes, charitable gaming, video gaming terminals at bars, restaurants, taverns and truck stops, illegal slot machines and skill games, fantasy sports and third-party internet or mobile-based gaming platforms, including both legal and illegal iCasino and sports betting operations. See the “Segment comparison of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024” section below for discussions on our results of operations by reportable segment.
Key Performance Indicators
In our business, revenue is driven by discretionary consumer spending. We have no certain mechanism for determining why consumers choose to spend more or less money at our properties or on our online offerings from period-to-period; therefore, we are unable to quantify a dollar amount for each factor that impacts our customers’ spending behaviors. However, based on our experience, we can generally offer some insight into the factors that we believe are likely to account for such changes and which factors may have a greater impact than others. For example, decreases in discretionary consumer spending have historically been brought about by actual or perceived weakened general economic conditions, such as recessions, inflation, rising interest rate environments, tight credit conditions, high unemployment levels, higher income taxes, low levels of consumer confidence, weakness in the housing market, high fuel or other transportation costs, global hostilities, political or social unrest, and the effects of pandemics. In addition, visitation and the volume of play have historically been negatively impacted by significant construction surrounding our properties, adverse regional weather conditions, and natural disasters. In all instances, such insights are based solely on our judgment and professional experience, and no assurance can be given as to the accuracy of our judgments.
The majority of our revenues is gaming revenue, which is highly dependent upon the volume and spending levels of customers at our properties. Our gaming revenue is derived primarily from slot machines (which represented approximately 86% and 85% of our gaming revenue for each of the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024) and, to a lesser extent, table games, online sports betting, and iCasino. Aside from gaming revenue, our revenues are primarily derived from our hotel, dining, retail, commissions, program sales, admissions, concessions and certain other ancillary activities, and our racing operations.
Key performance indicators related to gaming revenue are slot handle and table game drop, which are volume indicators, and “win” or “hold” percentage. Our typical property slot win percentage is in the range of approximately 5% to 11% of slot handle, and our typical table game hold percentage is in the range of approximately 12% to 29% of table game drop.
Slot handle is the gross amount wagered during a given period. The win or hold percentage is the net amount of gaming wins and losses, with liabilities recognized for accruals related to the anticipated payout of progressive jackpots. Given the stability in our slot hold percentages on a historical basis, we have not experienced significant impacts to net income from changes in these percentages. For table games, customers usually purchase chips at the tables. The cash and markers (extensions of credit granted to certain credit-worthy customers) are deposited in the gaming table’s drop box. Table game hold is the amount of drop that is retained and recorded as gaming revenue, with liabilities recognized for funds deposited by customers before gaming play occurs and for unredeemed gaming chips. As we are primarily focused on regional gaming markets, our table game hold percentages are fairly stable as the majority of these markets do not regularly experience high-value play, which can lead to volatility in hold percentages. Therefore, changes in table game hold percentages do not typically have a material impact to our results of operations and cash flows.
Key performance indicators related to online gaming revenue, including online sports betting and iCasino, are handle, which is a volume indicator, and “win” or “hold” percentage. Our online sports betting win percentage is in the range of approximately 4.6% to 9.2% of online handle, online slot win percentage is in the range of approximately 4.5% to 4.9% of online slot handle, and our online table game hold percentage is in the range of approximately 1.6% to 2.2% of online table game handle.
For online gaming, customers deposit cash into their online accounts for use in online sports betting and iCasino play. Liabilities are recognized for online player account funds that have not been withdrawn and for wagers that have been placed on events that have not yet occurred. Online sportsbook handle is the gross amount wagered during a given period. The win or hold percentage is the net amount of gaming wins and losses, with liabilities recognized for any bonus funds deposited into player accounts. Given that online sports betting wagers are made based on the outcomes of future sporting events, the win or hold percentage can vary based on the bet type (i.e. straight wagers vs. parlay wagers). Online slot handle is the gross amount wagered during a given period. The win or hold percentage is the net amount of gaming wins and losses, with liabilities recognized for accruals related to the anticipated payout of online progressive jackpots. Online table game hold is the amount of handle that is retained and recorded as gaming revenue. Given the stability in our online slot and online table game hold
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percentages on a historical basis, we have not experienced significant impacts to the results of our operations or cash flows from changes in these percentages.
Under normal operating conditions, our properties generate significant operating cash flow since most of our revenue is cash-based from slot machines and table games. Our business is capital intensive and we rely on cash flow from our properties to generate sufficient cash to satisfy our obligations under the Triple Net Leases (as defined in “Liquidity and Capital Resources”), repay debt, fund maintenance capital expenditures, repurchase our common stock, fund new capital projects at existing properties, and provide excess cash for future development and acquisitions. Additional information regarding our capital projects is discussed in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
Reportable Segments
We have five reportable segments: Northeast, South, West, Midwest, and Interactive. The Northeast, South, West, and Midwest segments (referred to as our “retail segments”) primarily generate revenue from gaming operations (such as slot machines and table games), food and beverage offerings, and hotel visitation. The Interactive segment includes all of our online sports betting, online casino/iCasino, and social gaming (collectively referred to as “online gaming”) operations, management of retail sports betting, and media operations.
Our gaming and racing properties are grouped by geographic location, and each is viewed as an operating segment with the exception of our two properties in Jackpot, Nevada, which are viewed as one operating segment. We consider our combined Video Gaming Terminal (“VGT”) operations, by state, to be separate operating segments. For a listing of our gaming properties and VGT operations included in each reportable segment, see Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table highlights our revenues, net income (loss), and Adjusted EBITDA, on a consolidated basis, as well as our revenues and Adjusted EBITDAR by reportable segment. Such segment reporting is consistent with how we measure our business and allocate resources internally. We consider net income (loss) to be the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR, which are non-GAAP financial measures. Refer to “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for the definitions of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR; as well as a reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR.
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast segment | $ | 711.6 | $ | 696.3 | $ | 1,392.5 | $ | 1,381.0 | |||||||||||||||
| South segment | 302.2 | 298.2 | 590.5 | 596.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| West segment | 137.7 | 135.3 | 267.4 | 264.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest segment | 297.0 | 298.1 | 579.9 | 589.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interactive segment | 316.1 | 232.6 | 606.2 | 440.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other (1) | 5.7 | 5.9 | 11.0 | 11.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment eliminations (2) | (5.3) | (3.4) | (10.0) | (13.4) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,765.0 | $ | 1,663.0 | $ | 3,437.5 | $ | 3,269.9 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (18.3) | $ | (27.1) | $ | 93.2 | $ | (142.0) | |||||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR(3): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast segment | $ | 209.5 | $ | 204.7 | $ | 403.7 | $ | 407.3 | |||||||||||||||
| South segment | 104.8 | 111.4 | 208.1 | 224.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| West segment | 53.5 | 50.6 | 99.2 | 96.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest segment | 121.8 | 129.9 | 235.6 | 246.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interactive segment | (62.0) | (102.8) | (151.0) | (298.8) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other (1) | (35.5) | (26.8) | (74.3) | (53.6) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Adjusted EBITDAR(4) | 392.1 | 367.0 | 721.3 | 623.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (5) | (156.0) | (154.9) | (311.9) | (309.7) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 236.1 | $ | 212.1 | $ | 409.4 | $ | 313.5 | |||||||||||||||
(1)The Other category, included in the tables to reconcile the segment information to the consolidated information, consists of the Company’s stand-alone racing operations, namely Sanford-Orlando Kennel Club, Sam Houston and Valley Race Park, the Company’s joint venture interest in Freehold Raceway (which ceased operations on December 28, 2024), and our management contract for Retama Park Racetrack. Expenses incurred for corporate and shared services activities that are directly attributable to a property or are otherwise incurred to support a property are allocated to each property. The Other category also includes corporate overhead, which consists of certain expenses, such as: payroll, professional fees, travel expenses, and other general and administrative expenses that do not directly relate to or have not otherwise been allocated. Corporate overhead was $38.7 million and $24.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $74.7 million and $49.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Corporate overhead for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 include $9.4 million and $17.1 million, respectively, of legal and advisory costs related to activist activity in connection with our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders.
(2)Primarily represents the elimination of intersegment revenues associated with our retail sportsbooks, which are operated by PENN Interactive.
(3)See definition of “Segment Adjusted EBITDAR” within the “Reportable Segment Measures” section below.
(4)The total is a mathematical calculation derived from the sum of reportable segments (as well as the Other category). As noted within the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below, Adjusted EBITDAR is presented on a consolidated basis outside the financial statements solely as a valuation metric.
(5)Pertains to the following operating leases: (i) AR PENN Master Lease; (ii) 2023 Master Lease; (iii) Margaritaville Lease; and (iv) Greektown Lease.
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Consolidated comparison of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
Revenues
The following table presents our consolidated revenues:
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 1,367.7 | $ | 1,332.3 | $ | 35.4 | 2.7 | % | $ | 2,666.0 | $ | 2,590.6 | $ | 75.4 | 2.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 397.3 | 330.7 | 66.6 | 20.1 | % | 771.5 | 679.3 | 92.2 | 13.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 1,765.0 | $ | 1,663.0 | $ | 102.0 | 6.1 | % | $ | 3,437.5 | $ | 3,269.9 | $ | 167.6 | 5.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gaming revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $35.4 million and $75.4 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to an increase in online gaming revenues at our Interactive segment. The increase in online gaming revenues within our Interactive segment was due to iCasino and online sports betting growth driven by ongoing product enhancements and decreased promotional expense related to ESPN BET. At our retail properties, increases in gaming revenues at our Northeast and West segments were offset by decreases in gaming revenues within our South and Midwest segments as new supply continues to impact visitation.
Food, beverage, hotel, and other revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $66.6 million and $92.2 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the increase was primarily due to gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $55.8 million and $67.4 million, respectively, compared to the prior year periods.
See “Segment comparison of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024” below for more detailed explanations of the fluctuations in revenues.
Operating expenses
The following table presents our consolidated operating expenses:
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 869.7 | $ | 871.1 | $ | (1.4) | (0.2) | % | $ | 1,723.5 | $ | 1,750.6 | $ | (27.1) | (1.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 282.0 | 219.6 | 62.4 | 28.4 | % | 546.9 | 470.8 | 76.1 | 16.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 410.3 | 388.7 | 21.6 | 5.6 | % | 813.3 | 777.6 | 35.7 | 4.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 110.5 | 109.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | % | 218.5 | 217.8 | 0.7 | 0.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment loss | 15.0 | — | 15.0 | N/M | 15.0 | — | 15.0 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 1,687.5 | $ | 1,588.5 | $ | 99.0 | 6.2 | % | $ | 3,317.2 | $ | 3,216.8 | $ | 100.4 | 3.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
N/M - Not meaningful
Gaming expenses primarily consist of gaming taxes, payroll, marketing and promotional, and other expenses associated with our gaming operations. Gaming expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $1.4 million and $27.1 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods. We generated additional marketing expenses to support our initial launch of ESPN BET within our Interactive segment during the corresponding prior year periods. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the decrease was partially offset by an increase in gaming taxes due to increased online gaming revenue at our Interactive segment as discussed above. Additionally, in the current year periods, gaming expenses increased at our retail properties within our Northeast and West segments due to an increase in gaming revenues.
Food, beverage, hotel, and other expenses consist primarily of payroll expenses, costs of goods sold, and other costs associated with our food, beverage, hotel, retail, racing, and Interactive operations. Food, beverage, hotel, and other expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 increased $62.4 million and $76.1 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to increases in gaming tax reimbursement amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access.
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General and administrative expenses include items such as compliance, facility maintenance, utilities, property and liability insurance, surveillance and security, and lobbying expenses, as well as all expenses for administrative departments such as accounting, purchasing, human resources, legal and internal audit. General and administrative expenses also include stock-based compensation expense; pre-opening expenses; acquisition and transaction costs; gains and losses on disposal of assets; insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges; changes in the fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations; expense associated with cash-settled stock-based awards (including changes in fair value thereto); and rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, general and administrative expenses increased by $21.6 million and $35.7 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods. The increase is primarily due to legal and advisory costs related to activist activity incurred in connection with our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders of $9.4 million and $17.1 million, respectively, as well as increases in pre-opening expenses for the PENN Development Projects, and stock-based compensation.
Impairment loss for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 relates to an impairment charge of $15.0 million at our ACB property on its trademark. As a result of the strategic decision to rebrand ACB, the Company reassessed the indefinite-lived classification of the ACB trademark and concluded the trademark is no longer considered to have an indefinite useful life. The Company performed a quantitative impairment test, then assigned the remaining carrying amount a finite useful life of approximately 2.5 years.
The interim assessment for impairment resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $15.0 million, reflecting the decline in the trademark’s fair value. The primary driver of the impairment was a reduction in the projected revenues attributable to the ACB trademark compared to its prior valuation.
There were no impairment losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
Other income (expenses)
The following table presents our consolidated other income (expenses):
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expenses) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | (95.9) | $ | (119.4) | $ | 23.5 | (19.7) | % | $ | (206.7) | $ | (238.5) | $ | 31.8 | (13.3) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | 2.1 | $ | 5.8 | $ | (3.7) | (63.8) | % | $ | 5.3 | $ | 12.9 | $ | (7.6) | (58.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | $ | 13.3 | $ | 7.8 | $ | 5.5 | 70.5 | % | $ | 20.9 | $ | 15.0 | $ | 5.9 | 39.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on financing arrangement | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | N/M | $ | 215.1 | $ | — | $ | 215.1 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | $ | (11.8) | $ | — | $ | (11.8) | N/M | $ | (11.8) | $ | — | $ | (11.8) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | $ | 2.9 | $ | 1.0 | $ | 1.9 | N/M | $ | 4.2 | $ | (0.3) | $ | 4.5 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | $ | (6.4) | $ | 3.2 | $ | (9.6) | N/M | $ | (54.1) | $ | 15.8 | $ | (69.9) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net decreased by $23.5 million and $31.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to an increase in capitalized interest related to the PENN Development Projects. Additionally, the prior year periods and the first quarter of 2025 included interest expense related to the Company’s financing arrangement, which is described in further detail below in “Gain on financing arrangement.”
Interest income decreased by $3.7 million and $7.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to a decrease in the amount invested in money market funds, which we use for short term investing.
Income from unconsolidated affiliates relates primarily to our investment in Kansas Entertainment and Freehold Raceway joint ventures. Operations at Freehold Raceway ceased on December 28, 2024. The change in income from the corresponding prior year periods is due to fluctuations in earnings from our investments in these unconsolidated affiliates.
Gain on financing arrangement relates to a $215.1 million non-cash gain on a financing arrangement that we entered into in February 2021 with a third-party, which provided the Company with upfront and non-refundable cash proceeds while
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permitting us to participate in future proceeds on certain insurance coverage claims for economic losses PENN sustained due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As discussed in Note 5, “Long-Term Debt,” during the first quarter of 2025, the Company determined that obligations under these claims are no longer probable and therefore recognized a non-cash gain related to this obligation comprised of cash proceeds received in 2021 of $72.5 million and $142.6 million of accreted non-cash interest.
Loss on early extinguishment of debt relates to the repurchases of the 2.75% convertible notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”). See Note 5, “Long-Term Debt,” to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
Other primarily relates to realized and unrealized gains and losses on equity securities held by PENN Interactive as well as miscellaneous income and expense items. The equity securities were sold during the quarter ended June 30, 2025.
Income tax expense was $6.4 million as compared to a benefit of $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and expense of $54.1 million as compared to a benefit of $15.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate (income taxes as a percentage of income from operations before income taxes) including discrete items was 54.4% and 28.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. We excluded certain foreign losses from our worldwide effective tax rate calculation due to a year-to-date ordinary loss for which no benefit may be recognized. The change in the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior periods was primarily due to (i) excluding certain foreign losses for which no tax benefit can be recognized in our worldwide effective tax rate calculation, (ii) non-deductible permanent items offset against tax credit utilization, (iii) state taxes, and (iv) changes to the valuation allowance. See Note 7, “Income Taxes” to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Our effective income tax rate may vary each reporting period depending on, among other factors, the geographic and business mix of our earnings, changes to our valuation allowances, and the level of our tax credits. These and other factors, including our history and projections of pre-tax earnings, are considered in assessing the realizability of our net deferred tax assets.
On January 16, 2025, the Indiana Supreme Court listened to oral arguments between the Company and the Indiana Department of State Revenue on notices of proposed assessments for tax years 2015 through 2017. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that its current unrecognized tax reserve may change within the next twelve months.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBB”) was enacted. Key business income tax provisions of the OBBB applicable to the Company include (i) reinstatement of immediate deduction for domestic research or experimental expenditures, (ii) extension of 100% accelerated tax bonus depreciation for qualifying depreciable assets, and (iii) restoration of the favorable EBITDA-based business interest expense limitation. These provisions are expected to reduce the Company’s estimated cash tax liability for the year ending December 31, 2025. We are currently assessing the provisions' potential impact on our broader financial results and tax strategy.
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Segment comparison of the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
Northeast Segment
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 635.7 | $ | 624.0 | $ | 11.7 | 1.9 | % | $ | 1,246.3 | $ | 1,240.4 | $ | 5.9 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 75.9 | 72.3 | 3.6 | 5.0 | % | 146.2 | 140.6 | 5.6 | 4.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 711.6 | $ | 696.3 | $ | 15.3 | 2.2 | % | $ | 1,392.5 | $ | 1,381.0 | $ | 11.5 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 209.5 | $ | 204.7 | $ | 4.8 | 2.3 | % | $ | 403.7 | $ | 407.3 | $ | (3.6) | (0.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 29.4 | % | 29.4 | % | 0 bps | 29.0 | % | 29.5 | % | -50 bps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Northeast segment’s revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 increased $15.3 million and $11.5 million, respectively, primarily due to an increase in gaming revenues, particularly slots revenues. The increase in food and beverage revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was driven by increases in visitation and spend per visit, primarily at the Northeast segment properties not impacted by new supply.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Northeast segment’s Adjusted EBITDAR increased $4.8 million and decreased $3.6 million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDAR margins remained consistent with prior periods.
South Segment
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 224.9 | $ | 230.2 | $ | (5.3) | (2.3) | % | $ | 445.6 | $ | 464.0 | $ | (18.4) | (4.0) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 77.3 | 68.0 | 9.3 | 13.7 | % | 144.9 | 132.7 | 12.2 | 9.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 302.2 | $ | 298.2 | $ | 4.0 | 1.3 | % | $ | 590.5 | $ | 596.7 | $ | (6.2) | (1.0) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 104.8 | $ | 111.4 | $ | (6.6) | (5.9) | % | $ | 208.1 | $ | 224.9 | $ | (16.8) | (7.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 34.7 | % | 37.4 | % | -270 bps | 35.2 | % | 37.7 | % | -250 bps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The South segment’s revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $4.0 million, compared to the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in visitation at the South segment’s properties’ hotels, partially offset by a decrease in gaming revenues at the South segment properties impacted by new supply.
The South segment’s revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $6.2 million, compared to the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in gaming revenues as increased competition negatively impacted several of our properties, partially offset by an increase in food, beverage, hotel, and other revenues.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the South segment’s Adjusted EBITDAR decreased $6.6 million and $16.8 million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDAR margin decreased to 34.7% and 35.2%, respectively, primarily due to the decreases in gaming revenues discussed above, and increased labor costs.
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West Segment
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 97.8 | $ | 94.5 | $ | 3.3 | 3.5 | % | $ | 188.8 | $ | 186.1 | $ | 2.7 | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 39.9 | 40.8 | (0.9) | (2.2) | % | 78.6 | 78.0 | 0.6 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 137.7 | $ | 135.3 | $ | 2.4 | 1.8 | % | $ | 267.4 | $ | 264.1 | $ | 3.3 | 1.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 53.5 | $ | 50.6 | $ | 2.9 | 5.7 | % | $ | 99.2 | $ | 96.5 | $ | 2.7 | 2.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 38.9 | % | 37.4 | % | 150 bps | 37.1 | % | 36.5 | % | 60 bps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The West segment’s revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $2.4 million, compared to the prior year period, primarily due to increased gaming revenues, partially offset by a decrease in food, beverage, hotel, and other revenues.
The West segment’s revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $3.3 million, compared to the prior year period, primarily due to increased gaming revenues as well as increased visitation at the West segment’s properties’ hotels.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the West segment’s Adjusted EBITDAR increased $2.9 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDAR margin increased to 38.9% and 37.1%, respectively, primarily due to the increases in gaming revenues discussed above.
Midwest Segment
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 263.9 | $ | 265.1 | $ | (1.2) | (0.5) | % | $ | 516.2 | $ | 525.6 | $ | (9.4) | (1.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food, beverage, hotel, and other | 33.1 | 33.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | % | 63.7 | 63.7 | — | — | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 297.0 | $ | 298.1 | $ | (1.1) | (0.4) | % | $ | 579.9 | $ | 589.3 | $ | (9.4) | (1.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 121.8 | $ | 129.9 | $ | (8.1) | (6.2) | % | $ | 235.6 | $ | 246.9 | $ | (11.3) | (4.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR margin | 41.0 | % | 43.6 | % | -260 bps | 40.6 | % | 41.9 | % | -130 bps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Midwest segment’s revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $1.1 million and $9.4 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to a decrease in gaming revenues as increased competition negatively impacted visitation at several of our properties. Severe weather events in the first quarter of 2025 also contributed to the decrease in visitation during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Midwest segment’s Adjusted EBITDAR decreased $8.1 million and $11.3 million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDAR margin decreased to 41.0% and 40.6%, respectively, primarily due to the decreases in gaming revenues discussed above, and increased labor costs.
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Interactive Segment
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gaming | $ | 145.4 | $ | 118.5 | $ | 26.9 | 22.7 | % | $ | 269.1 | $ | 174.5 | $ | 94.6 | 54.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Food, beverage, hotel, and other (1) | 170.7 | 114.1 | 56.6 | 49.6 | % | 337.1 | 265.8 | 71.3 | 26.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 316.1 | $ | 232.6 | $ | 83.5 | 35.9 | % | $ | 606.2 | $ | 440.3 | $ | 165.9 | 37.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (62.0) | $ | (102.8) | $ | 40.8 | (39.7) | % | $ | (151.0) | $ | (298.8) | $ | 147.8 | (49.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA margin | (19.6) | % | (44.2) | % | N/M | (24.9) | % | (67.9) | % | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) - “Food, beverage, hotel, and other” only includes “other” revenue.
N/M - Not meaningful
The Interactive segment’s revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 increased by $83.5 million and $165.9 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to an increase in gaming revenues and other revenues. Gaming revenues were positively impacted by iCasino and online sports betting growth driven by ongoing product enhancements and a decrease in promotional spend. Other revenues are inclusive of gaming tax amounts related to third-party online sports betting and/or iCasino partners for online sports betting and iCasino market access of $137.9 million and $82.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $266.1 million and $198.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Interactive segment’s Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin increased primarily due to the increase in gaming revenues and decrease in marketing expense, as discussed above.
Other
| For the three months ended June 30, | Change | For the six months ended June 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Food, beverage, hotel, and other | $ | 5.7 | $ | 5.9 | $ | (0.2) | (3.4) | % | $ | 11.0 | $ | 11.9 | $ | (0.9) | (7.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 5.7 | $ | 5.9 | $ | (0.2) | (3.4) | % | $ | 11.0 | $ | 11.9 | $ | (0.9) | (7.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | (35.5) | $ | (26.8) | $ | (8.7) | 32.5 | % | $ | (74.3) | $ | (53.6) | $ | (20.7) | 38.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other consists of the Company’s stand-alone racing operations, as well as corporate overhead expenses, which primarily includes certain expenses such as payroll, professional fees, travel expenses, and other general and administrative expenses that do not directly relate to or have not otherwise been allocated. Revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased slightly compared to the prior year periods, primarily due to fluctuations in racing revenues. Corporate overhead expenses were $38.7 million and $24.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $74.7 million and $49.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Corporate overhead expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 include $9.4 million and $17.1 million, respectively, of legal and advisory costs related to activist activity in connection with our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders.
Changes in Adjusted EBITDAR for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily relate to increased general and administrative costs, inclusive of the $9.4 million and $17.1 million, respectively, of legal and advisory costs as described above.
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Reportable Segment Measures
Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is our measure of profit or loss for our reportable segments and underlying operating segments. We define Segment Adjusted EBITDAR as earnings before interest expense, net, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, debt extinguishment charges, impairment losses, insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges, changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations, gain or loss on disposal of assets, the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards, pre-opening expenses, loss on disposal of a business, non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions, and other. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR excludes rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (which is a normal, recurring cash operating expense necessary to operate our business). Segment Adjusted EBITDAR is inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (such as interest expense, net, and depreciation and amortization) added back for our Kansas Entertainment, LLC joint venture. Segment Adjusted EBITDAR margin is Segment Adjusted EBITDAR divided by related segment revenues.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Use and Definitions
In addition to GAAP financial measures, management uses Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR as non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, nor superior to, financial results and measures determined or calculated in accordance with GAAP. Each of these non-GAAP financial measures is not calculated in the same manner by all companies and, accordingly, may not be an appropriate measure of comparing performance among different companies.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest expense, net; interest income; income taxes; depreciation and amortization; stock-based compensation; debt extinguishment charges; impairment losses; insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges; changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent purchase price obligations; gain or loss on disposal of assets; the difference between budget and actual expense for cash-settled stock-based awards; pre-opening expenses; loss on disposal of business; non-cash gains/losses associated with REIT transactions; and other. Adjusted EBITDA is inclusive of income or loss from unconsolidated affiliates, with our share of non-operating items (such as interest expense, net; and depreciation and amortization) added back for our Kansas Entertainment, LLC joint venture. Adjusted EBITDA is inclusive of rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases with our REIT landlords. Although Adjusted EBITDA includes rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases, we believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful as a supplemental measure in evaluating the performance of our consolidated results of operations.
Adjusted EBITDA has economic substance because it is used by management as a performance measure to analyze the performance of our business, and is especially relevant in evaluating large, long-lived casino-hotel projects because it provides a perspective on the current effects of operating decisions separated from the substantial non-operational depreciation charges and financing costs of such projects. We present Adjusted EBITDA because it is used by some investors and creditors as an indicator of the strength and performance of ongoing business operations, including our ability to service debt, and to fund capital expenditures, acquisitions and operations. These calculations are commonly used as a basis for investors, analysts, and credit rating agencies to evaluate and compare operating performance and value companies within our industry. In order to view the operations of their casinos on a more stand-alone basis, gaming companies, including us, have historically excluded from their Adjusted EBITDA calculations certain corporate expenses that do not relate to the management of specific casino properties. However, Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of performance or liquidity calculated in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA information is presented as a supplemental disclosure, as management believes that it is a commonly used measure of performance in the gaming industry and that it is considered by many to be a key indicator of the Company’s operating results.
We define Adjusted EBITDAR as Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above) plus rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (which is a normal, recurring cash operating expense necessary to operate our business). Adjusted EBITDAR is presented on a consolidated basis outside the financial statements solely as a valuation metric. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDAR is an additional metric traditionally used by analysts in valuing gaming companies subject to triple net leases since it eliminates the effects of variability in leasing methods and capital structures. This metric is included as a supplemental disclosure because (i) we believe Adjusted EBITDAR is traditionally used by gaming operator analysts and investors to determine the equity value of gaming operators and (ii) Adjusted EBITDAR is one of the metrics used by other financial analysts in valuing our business. We believe Adjusted EBITDAR is useful for equity valuation purposes because (i) its calculation isolates the effects of financing real estate; and (ii) using a multiple of Adjusted EBITDAR to calculate enterprise value allows for an adjustment to the balance sheet to recognize estimated liabilities arising from operating leases related to real estate. However, Adjusted EBITDAR when presented on a consolidated basis is not a financial measure in accordance with
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GAAP, and should not be viewed as a measure of overall operating performance or considered in isolation or as an alternative to net income because it excludes the rent expense associated with our triple net operating leases and is provided for the limited purposes referenced herein.
Reconciliation of GAAP Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following table includes a reconciliation of net income (loss), which is determined in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAR, which are non-GAAP financial measures:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (18.3) | $ | (27.1) | $ | 93.2 | $ | (142.0) | |||||||||||||||
Income tax (benefit) expense | 6.4 | (3.2) | 54.1 | (15.8) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | 95.9 | 119.4 | 206.7 | 238.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | (2.1) | (5.8) | (5.3) | (12.9) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | (13.3) | (7.8) | (20.9) | (15.0) | |||||||||||||||||||
Gain on financing arrangement | — | — | (215.1) | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | 11.8 | — | 11.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other (income) expenses | (2.9) | (1.0) | (4.2) | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 77.5 | 74.5 | 120.3 | 53.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation (1) | 16.1 | 14.2 | 31.7 | 26.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash-settled stock-based award variance (1)(2) | (3.1) | (3.1) | (6.3) | (11.1) | |||||||||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of assets (1) | 0.1 | 9.1 | 0.3 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
Pre-opening expenses (1) | 4.4 | — | 4.9 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 110.5 | 109.1 | 218.5 | 217.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Impairment loss (3) | 15.0 | — | 15.0 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Insurance recoveries, net of deductible charges (1) | — | (2.7) | — | (2.7) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 13.3 | 7.8 | 20.9 | 15.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-operating items of equity method investments (4) | 1.1 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other expenses (1)(5) | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | 236.1 | 212.1 | 409.4 | 313.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense associated with triple net operating leases (1) | 156.0 | 154.9 | 311.9 | 309.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDAR | $ | 392.1 | $ | 367.0 | $ | 721.3 | $ | 623.2 | |||||||||||||||
(1) These items are included in “General and administrative” within the Company’s unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2) Our cash-settled stock-based awards are adjusted to fair value each reporting period based primarily on the price of the Company’s common stock. As such, significant fluctuations in the price of the Company’s common stock during any reporting period could cause significant variances to budget on cash-settled stock-based awards.
(3) Relates to an impairment charge in our Midwest segment.
(4) Consists primarily of depreciation expense associated with our Kansas Entertainment joint venture.
(5) Consists of non-recurring transaction costs and, prior to August 1, 2024, finance transformation costs associated with the implementation of our new Enterprise Resource Management system.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources have been and are expected to be cash flow from operations, borrowings from banks, and proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity securities. Our ongoing liquidity will depend on a number of factors, including available cash resources, cash flow from operations, acquisitions or investments, funding of construction for development projects, and our compliance with covenants contained under our debt agreements. We currently believe that our operating cash flow and other sources of liquidity, as described herein, will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs on a short and long-term basis.
| For the six months ended June 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 220.1 | $ | 81.7 | $ | 138.4 | 169.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (272.5) | $ | (146.1) | $ | (126.4) | 86.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 28.3 | $ | (128.6) | $ | 156.9 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||
N/M - Not meaningful
Operating Cash Flow
Trends in our operating cash flows tend to follow trends in operating income (loss), excluding non-cash charges, but can be affected by changes in working capital, the timing of significant interest payments, tax payments or refunds, and distributions from unconsolidated affiliates. Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $138.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in our reportable segments’ Adjusted EBITDAR.
Investing Cash Flow
Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, was $272.5 million and $146.1 million, respectively, and primarily related to capital expenditures of $284.6 million and $129.6 million, respectively.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures are accounted for as either project capital (new facilities or expansions) or maintenance (replacement) which is inclusive of projects such as our retail sportsbooks, our cashless, cardless and contactless technology and hotel renovations. Cash provided by operating activities, as well as cash available under our Amended Revolving Credit Facility, was available to fund our capital expenditures for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, as applicable.
For the year ending December 31, 2025, we anticipate capital expenditures of approximately $240.0 million, inclusive of capital expenditures required under our Triple Net Leases, which require us to spend a specified percentage of total revenues, and capital expenditures of $87.9 million incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2025. Additionally, for the year ending December 31, 2025, we anticipate capital project expenditures of $490.0 million, the majority of which are in connection with the PENN Development Projects pursuant to our Master Development Agreement with GLPI (as described in Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements). During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we incurred capital expenditures of $196.7 million in connection with the PENN Development Projects. The Master Development Agreement provides that GLPI will fund up to $225.0 million for the Aurora Project and, upon PENN’s request, up to $130.0 million for the Joliet Project and up to $220.0 million in the aggregate for the Columbus Project and the M Resort Project, in accordance with certain terms and conditions set forth in the Master Development Agreement. The PENN Development Projects are all subject to necessary regulatory and other government approvals. As of August 6, 2025, the Company has requested and received the full $130.0 million in funding from GLPI for the Joliet Project expected to open August 11, 2025.
Financing Cash Flow
For the six months ended June 30, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities totaled $28.3 million, primarily related to net proceeds from our revolving credit facility of $467.5 million, offset by repurchases of $223.8 million of our Convertible Notes, repurchases of our common stock of $115.3 million, principal payments of $48.2 million on our finance leases and finance obligations, $16.8 million in payments on insurance financing, as well as $18.8 million in principal payments on long-term debt.
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For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash used in financing activities totaled $128.6 million, primarily related to principal payments of $45.0 million on our finance leases and finance obligations, $30.5 million in indemnification payments, $17.5 million in payments on insurance financing, as well as $18.8 million in principal payments on long-term debt.
As of June 30, 2025, we had $2.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of indebtedness, including $1.9 billion outstanding under our Amended Credit Facilities, $400.0 million outstanding under our 5.625% Notes, $400.0 million outstanding under our 4.125% Notes, $106.7 million outstanding under our Convertible Notes, and $8.6 million outstanding in other long-term obligations. We had $467.5 million drawn on our Amended Revolving Credit Facility. See definitions for (i) Amended Credit Facilities; (ii) 5.625% Notes; (iii) 4.125% Notes; and (iv) Amended Revolving Credit Facility in Note 5, “Long-Term Debt” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. With the exception of the Convertible Notes, which we expect to refinance on a long-term basis, we have no other debt maturing before January 2027. As of August 6, 2025, the Company had $380.0 million in outstanding borrowings under its Amended Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in $595.3 million in available borrowing capacity.
Covenants
Our Amended Credit Facilities, 5.625% Notes, and 4.125% Notes require us, among other obligations, to maintain specified financial ratios and to satisfy certain financial tests. In addition, our Amended Credit Facilities, 5.625% Notes, and 4.125% Notes, restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, amend debt instruments, pay dividends, create liens on assets, make investments, engage in mergers or consolidations, and otherwise restrict corporate activities. Our debt agreements also contain customary events of default, including cross-default provisions that require us to meet certain requirements under the Master Leases. If we are unable to meet our financial covenants or in the event of a cross-default, it could trigger an acceleration of payment terms.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all required financial covenants. The Company believes that it will remain in compliance with all of its required financial covenants for at least the next twelve months following the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC.
See Note 5, “Long-Term Debt” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information of the Company’s debt and other long-term obligations.
Share Repurchase Authorization
On December 6, 2022, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization for $750.0 million (the “December 2022 Authorization”), which expires on December 31, 2025.
Repurchases by the Company are subject to available liquidity, general market and economic conditions, alternate uses for the capital, and other factors. Share repurchases may be made from time to time through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, open market transactions, block trades or in private transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws and regulations and other legal requirements. There is no minimum number of shares that the Company is required to repurchase and the repurchase authorization may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company repurchased 7,249,349 shares of its common stock in open market transactions for $115.3 million at an average price of $15.90 per share.
As of August 6, 2025, the remaining availability under our December 2022 Authorization was $634.4 million.
The cost of all repurchased shares is recorded as “Treasury stock” within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Other Factors Affecting Liquidity
ESPN BET Sportsbook Agreement
On August 8, 2023, PENN entered into the Sportsbook Agreement with ESPN which provides for a long-term strategic relationship between PENN and ESPN relating to online sports betting in the United States. The Sportsbook Agreement has an initial 10-year term and may be extended for an additional ten years upon mutual agreement of PENN and ESPN. In consideration for the media marketing services and brand and other rights provided by ESPN, PENN will pay $150.0 million per year in cash pursuant to the Sportsbook Agreement for the initial 10-year term and issue warrants pursuant to the Investment Agreement (see Note 8, “Commitments and Contingencies” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information).
Triple Net Leases
The majority of the real estate assets (i.e., land and buildings) used in our operations are subject to triple net master leases; the most significant of which are the Master Leases with GLPI. We refer to the Master Leases, the Margaritaville Lease, the Greektown Lease, and the Morgantown Lease, collectively, as our “Triple Net Leases.” The Company’s Triple Net Leases are accounted for as either operating leases, finance leases, or financing obligations.
On February 21, 2023, as described in Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company and GLPI entered into the Master Development Agreement.
The Master Development Agreement contains additional rent (together with the 2023 Master Lease base rent, the “2023 Master Lease Rent”) equal to (i) 7.75% of any project funding received by PENN from GLPI for the Aurora Project and (ii) a percentage, based on the then-current GLPI stock price, of any project funding received by PENN from GLPI for the Other Development Projects. The Master Development Agreement provides that GLPI will fund up to $225.0 million for the Aurora Project and, upon PENN’s request, up to $130.0 million for the Joliet Project, up to $150.0 million for the M Resort Project, and up to $70.0 million for the Columbus Project, in accordance with certain terms and conditions set forth in the Master Development Agreement. These funding obligations of GLPI expire on January 1, 2026. Our new Joliet facility is expected to open on August 11, 2025, and the new hotel tower at the M Resort, the new Aurora facility, and the Columbus hotel tower are expected to open in the first half of 2026. The PENN Development Projects are all subject to necessary regulatory and other government approvals. As of August 6, 2025, the Company has requested and received the full $130.0 million in funding from GLPI for the Joliet Project.
Under our Triple Net Leases, in addition to lease payments for the real estate assets, we are required to pay the following, among other things: (i) all facility maintenance; (ii) all insurance required in connection with the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties; (iii) taxes levied on or with respect to the leased properties (other than taxes on the income of the lessor); (iv) all tenant capital improvements; and (v) all utilities and other services necessary or appropriate for the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties. Additionally, our Triple Net Leases are subject to annual escalators and periodic percentage rent resets, as applicable. See Note 6, “Leases” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion and disclosure related to the Company’s leases.
Payments to our REIT Landlords under Triple Net Leases
Total payments made to our REIT Landlords, GLPI and VICI, were as follows:
| For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| AR PENN Master Lease | $ | 72.0 | $ | 70.9 | $ | 144.1 | $ | 141.9 | |||||||||||||||
| 2023 Master Lease | 59.8 | 58.9 | 119.6 | 117.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Pinnacle Master Lease | 87.4 | 86.7 | 174.8 | 171.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Margaritaville Lease | 6.7 | 6.7 | 13.4 | 13.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Greektown Lease | 13.3 | 13.2 | 26.5 | 26.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Morgantown Lease | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 240.0 | $ | 237.2 | $ | 480.0 | $ | 473.0 | |||||||||||||||
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Outlook
Based on our current level of operations, we believe that cash generated from operations and cash on hand, together with amounts available under our Amended Credit Facilities, will be adequate to meet our anticipated obligations under our Triple Net Leases, debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the foreseeable future. However, our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations will depend on a range of economic, competitive, and business factors, many of which are outside our control. We cannot be certain: (i) of the impact of price inflation, changes in interest rates on the U.S. economy, changes in trade policies, economic downturns or uncertainty, and geopolitical uncertainty; (ii) that our anticipated earnings projections will be realized; (iii) that we will achieve the expected synergies from our acquisitions and joint ventures; and (iv) that future borrowings will be available under our Amended Credit Facilities or otherwise will be available in the credit markets to enable us to service our indebtedness or to make anticipated capital expenditures. We caution that the performance and trends seen across our portfolio may not continue. In addition, while we anticipate that a significant amount of our future growth would come through the pursuit of opportunities within other distribution channels, such as media, retail and online gaming; from acquisitions of gaming properties at reasonable valuations; greenfield projects; development projects; and jurisdictional expansions and property expansion in under-penetrated markets; there can be no assurance that this will be the case. If we consummate significant acquisitions in the future or undertake any significant property expansions, our cash requirements may increase significantly, and we may need to make additional borrowings or complete equity or debt financings to meet these requirements. See Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a discussion of additional risks, including risks related to the Company’s capital structure.
We have historically maintained a capital structure comprised of a mix of equity and debt financing. We vary our leverage to pursue opportunities in the marketplace in an effort to maximize our enterprise value for our shareholders. We expect to meet our debt obligations as they come due through internally-generated funds from operations and/or refinancing them through the debt or equity markets prior to their maturity.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
A complete discussion of our critical accounting estimates is included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
For information with respect to new accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 3, “New Accounting Pronouncements” in the notes to our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
IMPORTANT FACTORS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “expects,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “goal,” “seeks,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipates” or the negative or other variations of these or similar words, or by discussions of future events, strategies or risks and uncertainties. Specifically, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding: the Company’s expectations of future results of operations and financial condition, including, but not limited to, projections of revenue, Segment Adjusted EBITDAR, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDAR, and other financial measures; the assumptions provided regarding the guidance, including the scale and timing of the Company’s product and technology investments; the Company’s expectations regarding results and customer growth and the impact of competition in retail/mobile/online sportsbooks, iCasino, social gaming, and retail operations; the Company’s development and launch of its Interactive segment’s products in new jurisdictions and enhancements to existing Interactive segment products, including the content for the ESPN BET and theScore BET and the further development of ESPN BET and theScore BET on our proprietary player account management system and risk and trading platforms; the benefits of the Sportsbook Agreement between the Company and ESPN; the Company’s expectations regarding its Sportsbook Agreement with ESPN and the future success of ESPN BET; the Company’s expectations with respect to share repurchases; the Company’s expectations with respect to the integration and synergies related to the Company’s integration of theScore and the continued growth and monetization of the Company’s media business; the Company’s expectations that its portfolio of assets provides a benefit of geographically-diversified cash flows from operations; management’s plans and strategies for future operations, including statements relating to the Company’s plan to expand gaming operations through the implementation and execution of a disciplined capital expenditure program at our existing properties, the pursuit of strategic acquisitions and investments, and the development of new gaming properties, including the development projects and the anticipated benefits; improvements, expansions, or relocations of our existing properties; entrance into new jurisdictions; expansion of gaming in existing jurisdictions; strategic investments and acquisitions;
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cross-sell opportunities between our retail gaming, online sports betting, and iCasino businesses; our ability to obtain financing for our development projects on attractive terms; the timing, cost and expected impact of planned capital expenditures on the Company’s results of operations; and the actions of regulatory, legislative, executive, or judicial decisions at the federal, state, provincial, or local level with regard to our business and the impact of any such actions.
Such statements are all subject to risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that could significantly affect the Company’s future financial results and business. Accordingly, the Company cautions that the forward-looking statements contained herein are qualified by important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected by such statements. Such factors include: the effects of economic and market conditions in the markets in which the Company operates or otherwise, including the impact of global supply chain disruptions, price inflation, changes in interest rates, economic downturns, changes in trade policies, and geopolitical and regulatory uncertainty; competition with other entertainment, sports content, and gaming experiences; the timing, cost and expected impact of product and technology investments; risks relating to operations, permits, licenses, financings, approvals and other contingencies in connection with growth in new or existing jurisdictions; our ability to successfully acquire and integrate new properties and operations and achieve expected synergies from acquisitions; the availability of future borrowings under our Amended Credit Facilities or other sources of capital to enable us to service our indebtedness, make anticipated capital expenditures or pay off or refinance our indebtedness prior to maturity; the impact of indemnification obligations under the Barstool SPA; our ability to achieve the anticipated financial returns from the Sportsbook Agreement with ESPN, including due to fees, costs, taxes, or circumstances beyond the Company’s or ESPN’s control; the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the right of one or both of the Company and ESPN to terminate the Sportsbook Agreement between the companies; the ability of the Company and ESPN to agree to extend the initial 10-year term of the Sportsbook Agreement on mutually satisfactory terms, if at all, and the costs and obligations of such terms if agreed; the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against the Company, ESPN or their respective directors, officers or employees; the ability of the Company or ESPN to retain and hire key personnel; the impact of new or changes in current laws, regulations, rules or other industry standards; the impact of activist shareholders; adverse outcomes of litigation involving the Company, including litigation brought by activist shareholders; our ability to maintain our gaming licenses and concessions and comply with applicable gaming law, changes in current laws, regulations, rules or other industry standards, and additional factors described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, each as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company does not intend to update publicly any forward-looking statements except as required by law. Considering these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risk from adverse changes in interest rates with respect to the short-term floating interest rates on borrowings under our Amended Credit Facilities. As of June 30, 2025, the Company’s Amended Credit Facilities had a gross outstanding balance of $1.9 billion, consisting of a $467.5 million Amended Term Loan A Facility, a $970.0 million Amended Term Loan B Facility, and $467.5 million of borrowings against our Amended Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2025, we had $507.8 million of available borrowing capacity under our Amended Revolving Credit Facility.
The table below provides information as of June 30, 2025 about our long-term debt obligations that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including the notional amounts maturing during the twelve month period presented and the related weighted-average interest rates by maturity dates.
| (dollars in millions) | 7/1/25 - 6/30/26 | 7/1/26 - 6/30/27 | 7/1/27 - 6/30/28 | 7/1/28 - 6/30/29 | 7/1/29 - 6/30/30 | Total | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | — | $ | 400.0 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 400.0 | $ | 398.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 5.625 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 400.0 | $ | 400.0 | $ | 368.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 4.125 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | 106.7 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 106.7 | $ | 111.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 2.750 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable rate | $ | 37.5 | $ | 917.5 | $ | 10.0 | $ | 940.0 | $ | — | $ | 1,905.0 | $ | 1,902.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average interest rate (1) | 5.710 | % | 4.833 | % | 5.704 | % | 5.879 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Estimated rate, reflective of forward SOFR as of June 30, 2025 plus the spread over SOFR applicable to variable-rate borrowing.
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Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We are exposed to currency translation risk because the results of our international entities are reported in local currency, which we then translate to U.S. dollars for inclusion in our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result, changes between the foreign exchange rates, in particular the Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar, affect the amounts we record for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative effect on our financial results. The results of theScore are reported in Canadian dollars, which we then translate to U.S. dollars for inclusion in our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not currently enter into hedging arrangements to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, we incurred unrealized foreign currency translation adjustment gains of $92.3 million and $92.0 million, respectively, compared to unrealized foreign currency translation adjustment losses of $19.5 million and $55.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, as reported in “Foreign currency translation adjustment during the period” within our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company’s management, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of June 30, 2025. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2025 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, evaluated, and reported, as applicable, within the time periods specified in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are a party to a number of other pending legal proceedings. Management does not expect that the outcome of such proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
On May 7, 2025, HG Vora Capital Management, LLC, HG Vora Special Opportunities Master Fund, Ltd., and Downriver Series LP – Segregated Portfolio C (collectively, the “HG Vora Plaintiffs”) filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against PENN, the members of PENN’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) and PENN’s former director Ronald Naples captioned HG Vora Capital Management, LLC, et al. v. PENN Entertainment, Inc., et al., No. 5:25-cv-02313 (the “HG Vora Complaint” or the “HG Vora Action”). The HG Vora Complaint alleges, among other things, that PENN violated Pennsylvania’s Business Corporation Law and the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties when the Board decreased the number of Class II directors from three to two (the “PENN Board Reduction”) and PENN violated federal securities laws by failing to abide by the universal proxy rules and making materially false and misleading statements in, and omissions from, its press release and its proxy materials filed with the SEC. The HG Vora Complaint seeks, among other things, a declaration that the PENN Board Reduction is invalid, injunctive relief ordering PENN to correct the alleged materially false and misleading statements in its proxy materials, injunctive relief allowing PENN shareholders an opportunity to elect three directors at our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders and damages in an amount to be determined at trial. The defendants believe the allegations set forth in the HG Vora Complaint are without merit. On May 8, 2025, the Board voted to constitute a special litigation committee to evaluate the HG Vora Plaintiffs’ claim that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the PENN Board Reduction. On May 14, 2025, the HG Vora Plaintiffs filed a motion for an expedited trial and early case management conference. On May 19, 2025, the defendants filed a motion to stay the HG Vora Action for the time reasonably necessary to permit the special litigation committee to complete its investigation. On July 7, 2025, the court denied the HG Vora Plaintiffs’ motion in its entirety and partially granted the defendants’ motion to stay. The court stayed the breach of fiduciary duty claim for 30 days but declined to stay the other claims in the HG Vora Complaint. On July 28, 2025, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the non-stayed claims in the HG Vora Complaint.
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS
The following are risk factors that should be read in conjunction with the risk factors disclosed under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Company’s subsequent Form 10-Q filings. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Our business is sensitive to reductions in discretionary consumer spending, which may be adversely impacted by downturns in the economy and other factors outside of our control.
Our business is particularly sensitive to downturns in the economy and the associated impact on discretionary spending on leisure activities. As a regional operator, our in-person customers are predominately local, so we compete for more day-to-day discretionary spending as compared with destination spending. Decreases in discretionary consumer spending or changes in consumer preferences, including as a result of perceived or actual adverse economic conditions or inflation, changes in interest or unemployment rates, tight credit conditions, increased housing, energy, food and travel costs, global hostilities, trade disputes, including the imposition of new or increased tariffs, political or social unrest, widespread illnesses, or other factors beyond our control, could adversely affect the gaming and entertainment industries and demand for our products and amenities, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
For example, the United States has recently announced certain changes, and has proposed additional changes, in trade policies, including imposing significant tariffs on imports from other countries. These actions have resulted, and are expected to further result, in responsive actions by impacted countries. There continues to be significant uncertainty regarding the extent and duration of the tariffs, and any resulting economic downturns or market volatility may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Shareholder activists have, and could in the future, cause a disruption to, or have an adverse effect on, our business.
We have been subject to shareholder activism and may be subject to such activism in the future, which may include proxy solicitations, shareholder proposals or other actions by activists to effect changes to the Company or to assert influence on our Board of Directors and management. For example, in January 2025, HG Vora Capital Management, LLC (“HG Vora”) notified our Board that it had nominated three director candidates to stand for election at the Company’s 2025 annual meeting of
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shareholders, William Clifford, Johnny Hartnett, and Carlos Ruisanchez. Subsequently, the Company’s financial advisors held calls with HG Vora’s outside advisor, and the Board’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviewed HG Vora’s nominees in line with the Company’s normal evaluation procedures, including conducting thorough interviews with all nominees. Following this evaluation, the Board nominated Mr. Hartnett and Mr. Ruisanchez for election to the Board at the Company’s 2025 annual meeting of shareholders. HG Vora filed a definitive proxy statement with the SEC on May 12, 2025, and sought the election of its three director candidates to the Board. At the Company’s 2025 annual meeting of shareholders held on June 17, 2025, our shareholders elected each of Mr. Hartnett and Mr. Ruisanchez to our Board of Directors.
Shareholder activism pursued against the Company has in the past, and may in the future, give rise to or result in, among other things: (a) increased costs, including expenses of third-party advisors, insurance, administrative expenses and other associated costs; (b) perceived uncertainties as to our future direction, which could result in reputational harm and the loss of potential business opportunities and could make it more difficult to attract, retain, or motivate qualified personnel, and strain relationships with investors, customers, suppliers, business partners, and regulators; (c) reduction or delay in our ability to effectively and timely execute our current business strategy and to implement new strategies; (d) diversion of the attention of our Board of Directors and management team; (e) potential litigation as a result of proposals by activist stockholders or proxy contests or matters relating thereto; (f) adverse implications from a gaming regulatory perspective, including those arising from a shareholder activist failing to comply with applicable gaming laws in connection with its investment in the Company or other actions that could have an adverse impact on our gaming licenses; and (g) fluctuations in the Company’s stock price based on temporary or speculative market perceptions or other factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our business. Any such shareholder activism could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
PENN is the subject of litigation related to our 2025 annual meeting of shareholders, which could divert management time and resources, result in substantial costs, and have adverse implications from a gaming regulatory perspective.
On May 7, 2025, the HG Vora Plaintiffs filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against PENN, the members of the Board and PENN’s former director Ronald Naples captioned HG Vora Capital Management, LLC, et al. v. PENN Entertainment, Inc., et al., No. 5:25-cv-02313. The HG Vora Complaint alleges, among other things, that PENN violated Pennsylvania’s Business Corporation Law and the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties when the Board decreased the number of Class II directors from three to two and PENN violated federal securities laws by failing to abide by the universal proxy rules and making materially false and misleading statements in, and omissions from, its press release and its proxy materials filed with the SEC. The HG Vora Complaint seeks, among other things, a declaration that the PENN Board Reduction is invalid, injunctive relief ordering PENN to correct the alleged materially false and misleading statements in its proxy materials, injunctive relief allowing PENN shareholders an opportunity to elect three directors at PENN’s 2025 annual meeting of shareholders and damages in an amount to be determined at trial.
The defendants believe the allegations set forth in the HG Vora Complaint are without merit. However, if the HG Vora Plaintiffs are successful in their lawsuit, PENN may be required to, among other things, increase the number of Class II directors to three and hold a special election at which shareholders could vote on a candidate for that seat and/or pay damages to the HG Vora Plaintiffs. In addition, defending against these claims can result in substantial costs and divert management time and resources. An adverse judgment could result in monetary damages, which could have a negative impact on PENN’s liquidity and financial condition, and could have adverse implications from a gaming regulatory perspective, including an adverse impact on our gaming licenses.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following table presents the total number of shares of our common stock that we repurchased during the second quarter of 2025, the average price paid per share, the number of shares that we repurchased as part of our share repurchase program, and the approximate dollar value of shares that still could have been repurchased at the end of the applicable fiscal period pursuant to our share repurchase program:
| (dollars in millions, except per share data) | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program (2) | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Program (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| April 1, 2025 - April 30, 2025 | 532,622 | $ | 14.87 | 511,923 | $ | 717.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| May 1, 2025 - May 31, 2025 | 2,452,042 | $ | 15.36 | 2,450,950 | $ | 679.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| June 1, 2025 - June 30, 2025 | 2,872,594 | $ | 15.68 | 2,872,594 | $ | 634.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 5,857,258 | $ | 15.47 | 5,835,467 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes 20,699 and 1,092 shares withheld to pay taxes due upon the vesting of employee restricted stock for the months ended April 30, 2025 and May 31, 2025, respectively.
(2)On December 6, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized the December 2022 Authorization for the repurchase of $750.0 million of our common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The December 2022 Authorization expires on December 31, 2025. We initiated share repurchases under the December 2022 Authorization in 2023. Stock repurchases are funded using our available liquidity. The timing and amount of stock repurchases will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory considerations.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted terminated
Executive Employment Agreement
The Company entered into a new Executive Agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Jay Snowden, on August 5, 2025. The Executive Agreement supersedes Mr. Snowden’s prior executive agreement (scheduled to expire on January 1, 2026), is effective as of August 5, 2025, and terminates on January 1, 2029 (the “Term”) unless earlier terminated by either party. The Executive Agreement provides that Mr. Snowden’s annual base salary will be $1.8 million, and his target annual bonus will be 250% of his base salary.
In the event Mr. Snowden’s employment is terminated without cause (as defined in the Executive Agreement), or Mr. Snowden resigns for good reason (as defined in the Executive Agreement), or the Executive Agreement is not renewed at the end of the Term on substantially similar terms, Mr. Snowden will be entitled to (i) severance payments equal to a multiple of the sum of (a) his annual base salary and (b) his target annual bonus, and (ii) pro rata annual bonus for the fiscal year in which termination occurs. The severance multiple is two times (2x) in the case of a termination that occurs outside of the CoC Protection Period and two and one-half times (2.5x) in the case of a termination that occurs during the twenty-four months following a change of control (the “CoC Protection Period”).
Prior to receipt of any severance payments, Mr. Snowden must execute a general release in favor of the Company and its affiliates.
The Executive Agreement also contains customary confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation provisions. Mr. Snowden has agreed not to disclose or use the Company’s confidential information. In addition, Mr. Snowden has agreed not to compete with the Company for a period of (i) twelve months following the termination date if he is terminated in a manner in which no severance is paid or (ii) the twenty-four months following the termination date if he receives severance. Mr. Snowden has agreed not to solicit or hire an executive or management level employee of the Company or its affiliates for a period of 18 months following termination.
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The summary of the material terms of the Executive Agreement described above is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Executive Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.2 and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
| Exhibit | ||||||||
| Number | Description of Exhibit | |||||||
| 10.1 | ||||||||
| 10.2* | ||||||||
| 10.3 | ||||||||
| 31.1* | ||||||||
| 31.2* | ||||||||
| 32.1** | ||||||||
| 32.2** | ||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Inline XBRL File (included in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
| * | Filed herewith. | |||||||
| ** | Furnished herewith. | |||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
PENN Entertainment, Inc. | |||||||||||
| Dated: | August 7, 2025 | By: | /s/ Felicia R. Hendrix | ||||||||
Felicia R. Hendrix | |||||||||||
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |||||||||||
(Principal Accounting Officer) | |||||||||||
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Exhibit 10.2
EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT
This EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into on this 5th day of August 2025 (the “Effective Date”), by PENN Entertainment, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the “Company”), and the senior executive who has executed this Agreement below (“Executive”).
WHEREAS, each of the parties wishes to enter into this Agreement, the terms of which are intended to be in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A,” see also Section 23 hereof).
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties, in exchange for the mutual promises described herein and other good and valuable consideration and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
1.Termination of Earlier Agreement. The Company and Executive hereby agree to extend Executive’s employment beyond the term of his current employment agreement (“Earlier Agreement”) in the manner described herein. Effective on the Effective Date, the Earlier Agreement will be deemed terminated and superseded by this Agreement.
2.Terms of Employment.
(a)Term. The term of this Agreement shall begin on the Effective Date and shall terminate on the earlier of January 1, 2029 (“Term”) or the termination of Executive’s employment with the Company; provided, however, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Sections 7 through 25 shall survive until the expiration of any applicable time periods set forth in Sections 7, 8 and 9.
(b)Position and Duties. (i) During the Term, Executive shall (A) serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, with such duties and responsibilities as are commensurate with such positions, and (B) report to the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”). Executive acknowledges that he may be required to travel in connection with the performance of his duties.
(c)Compensation. Effective as of the Effective Date, (i) Executive’s annualized base salary shall be $1,800,000 (as in effect from time to time, “Base Salary”) and Executive’s annual target bonus shall be 250% of Base Salary (“Target Bonus”); provided that the Compensation Committee of the Board shall have discretion to increase the Base Salary during the Term, (ii) Executive will be entitled to life insurance in the amount of three times Executive’s Base Salary; and (iii) Executive will be entitled to personal use of Company aircraft.
3.Termination by the Company.
(a)Termination. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time without Cause (as such term is defined in subsection (c) below), with Cause, or at the end of the Term by non-renewal of this Agreement.
(b)Without Cause. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time without Cause (as such term is defined in subsection (c) below) by delivery of written notice to Executive, which notice shall set forth the effective date of such termination.
(c)With Cause. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time for Cause effective immediately upon delivery of written notice to Executive. As used herein, the term “Cause” shall mean:
(i)Executive shall have been convicted of, or pled guilty or nolo contendere to, a criminal offense involving allegations of fraud, dishonesty or physical harm during the term of this Agreement;
(ii)Executive is found (or is reasonably likely to be found) disqualified or not suitable to hold a casino or other gaming license by a governmental gaming authority in any jurisdiction where Executive is required to be found qualified, suitable or licensed;
(iii)Executive breaches any significant Company policy (such as the Business Code of Conduct or the Harassment Policy) or term of this Agreement, including, without limitation, Sections 6 through 9 of this Agreement;
(iv)Executive misappropriates corporate funds or resources as determined in good faith by the Audit Committee of the Board;
(v)Executive’s willful and continued failure to perform duties (except due to mental or physical incapacity); or
(vi)Executive’s engagement in illegal conduct or gross misconduct which is or is reasonably expected to be materially injurious to the Company or one of its affiliates;
provided, that, in no event shall Executive’s termination be for “Cause” pursuant to any of clauses (iii), (iv), (v) or (vi), unless (x) an event or circumstance constituting “Cause” shall have occurred and the Company provides Executive with written notice thereof, (y) Executive fails to cure the circumstance or event so identified (if curable) within fifteen (15) days after the receipt of such notice, and (z) within ninety (90) days of such notice there will have been delivered to Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by a majority of the members of the Board (or, following a Change of Control (as defined in the Company’s then current Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan), a majority of the board of directors of the Company’s ultimate parent entity), excluding Executive, after Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel, to be heard before the Board, finding that, in the good faith opinion of such directors, Executive has engaged in conduct constituting Cause.
(d)Death. Executive’s employment will terminate automatically upon Executive’s death.
(e)Disability. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment due to Executive’s inability to perform the essential functions of Executive’s job (with or without
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reasonable accommodation) by reason of disability, where such inability continues for a period of ninety (90) days continuously.
4.Termination by Executive.
(a)Executive may voluntarily terminate employment without Good Reason effective upon 60 days’ prior written notice to the Company, in which case no severance payments or benefits shall be due.
(b)Executive may terminate employment for Good Reason, in which case severance payments and benefits shall be due as set forth below. As used herein, the term “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence of any of the following events that the Company fails to cure within 10 days after receiving written notice thereof from Executive (which notice must be delivered within 60 days following the applicable event or circumstance): (i) a material reduction in Executive’s position (including status, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities or the assignment to Executive of any duties inconsistent with Executive’s legal or fiduciary obligations; (ii) any reduction in Executive’s compensation or substantial reduction in Executive’s benefits taken as a whole, other than any reduction of compensation or benefits of ten percent or less (A) that applies to Executive and his direct reports and (B) that applies at a time other than the two years immediately following a Change of Control (such two-year period, the “CoC Protection Period”); (iii) any travel requirements, following a Change of Control, materially greater than Executive’s travel requirements prior to the Change of Control; (iv) any requirement that Executive perform his duties from any particular location, or (v) any breach of any material term of this Agreement by the Company.
5.Severance Pay and Benefits. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, if Executive’s employment is terminated under Section 3(b), under Section 4(b) or by the Company’s non-renewal of Executive’s employment under this Agreement on substantially-similar terms, then the Company will provide Executive with the following severance pay and benefits (except in the event of a breach of the Release, as defined below); provided, for purposes of Section 409A, each payment of severance pay under this Section 5 shall be considered a separate payment:
(a)Severance. Subject to Sections 5(e) and 23:
(i)If the date of Executive’s separation from service (the “Termination Date”) occurs outside of the CoC Protection Period, the Company shall pay to Executive an amount equal to the product of two times the sum of Base Salary and Target Bonus, with each component based on the greater of (x) the amount in effect on the Termination Date, and (y) the amount set forth in Section 2(c), with such amount payable in equal installments over the Severance Period in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll procedures for similarly situated executives following the Termination Date; or
(ii)If the Termination Date occurs during the CoC Protection Period, the Company shall pay to Executive an amount equal to the product of two and one half times the sum of Base Salary and Target Bonus, with each component based on the greatest of (x) the amount in effect on the Termination Date, (y) the amount set forth in Section 2(c) and (z) the
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amount in effect on the date of the Change of Control, such amount payable as follows: if the Change of Control is a 409A CoC (as defined below) or such payments can otherwise be made without violating Section 409A of the Code, on the 60th day following the Termination Date and otherwise, in equal installments over the Severance Period in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll procedures for similarly situated executives following the Termination Date.
(b)Pro-Rata Bonus. The Company shall pay to Executive an annual bonus for the fiscal year in which the Termination Date occurs, pro-rated to cover the portion of the fiscal year from the first day of the fiscal year through the Termination Date, (i) if the Termination Date occurs outside of the CoC Protection Period, based on actual performance, determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board, and paid to Executive on the date annual bonuses are paid to similarly-situated executives after the Termination Date, but in no event later than March 15 of the year following the year in which the Termination Date occurs, and (ii) if the Termination Date occurs during the CoC Protection Period, based on the greater of (A) the Target Bonus in effect on the Termination Date and (B) the Target Bonus in effect on the date of the Change of Control, such amount pursuant to this clause (ii) to be paid on the 60th day following the Termination Date.
(c)Continued Medical Benefits Coverage. During the twenty-four months following the Termination Date (such period, the “Severance Period”), Executive and Executive’s dependents will have the opportunity under the provisions of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986, as amended (“COBRA”) to elect COBRA continuation coverage. If Employee so elects and pays for COBRA coverage in a timely manner, the Company shall reimburse Executive for the cost of purchasing COBRA coverage through the end of the Severance Period (or until such earlier date as Executive and Executive’s dependents cease to receive COBRA coverage) and any such reimbursement shall be imputed as income to the Executive.
(d)Accrued and Unpaid Annual Bonus for Last Completed Fiscal Year. If the Company has not paid an annual bonus for the fiscal year preceding the year in which the Termination Date occurs, the Company shall pay to Executive an annual bonus for such year based on actual performance, determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board.
(e)Release Agreement. Executive’s entitlement to any severance pay and benefit entitlements under this Section 5 is conditioned upon Executive’s first entering into a release substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A (“Release”) and the Release becoming effective no later than the sixtieth day following the employment termination date, which Release shall be delivered to Executive within 14 days after the Termination Date. Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, all severance payments to Executive shall be delayed until after the expiration of any applicable revocation period with respect to the release, but in the event the applicable revocation period spans two calendar years, the payments shall commence in the second calendar year. Executive also acknowledges that any severance pay under this Section 5 is subject to the Company’s then current recoupment policy.
(f)No Mitigation. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive pursuant to this Section 5, and such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the
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Executive obtains other employment; provided, however, that if Executive accepts any employment with the Company, or an affiliate or related entity of the Company, and becomes reemployed by the Company or an affiliate or related entity of the Company during the Severance Period, Executive acknowledges and agrees that Employee will forfeit all future severance payments from the date on which reemployment commences. Following a Change of Control, the Company agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that Executive may incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement).
6.No Conflicts of Interest. Executive agrees that throughout the period of Executive’s employment hereunder, Executive will not perform any activities or services, or accept other employment, that would materially interfere with or present a conflict of interest concerning Executive’s employment with the Company. Executive agrees and acknowledges that Executive’s employment is conditioned upon Executive adhering to and complying with the business practices and requirements of ethical conduct set forth in writing from time to time by the Company in its employee manual, code of conduct or similar publication. Executive represents and warrants that no other contract, agreement or understanding to which Executive is a party or may be subject to will be violated by the execution of this Agreement by Executive. Executive further agrees to not accept any position on the board of a for-profit company without the written consent of the Penn Entertainment, Inc. Chief Legal Officer or Chairman of the Board.
7.Confidentiality.
(a)Definition. “Confidential Information” means data and information relating to the business of the Company or its affiliates, (i) which the Company or its affiliates have disclosed to Executive, or of which Executive became aware as a consequence of or in the course of Executive’s employment with the Company, (ii) which have value to the Company or its affiliates, and (iii) which are not generally known to its competitors. Confidential Information will not include any data or information that the Company or its affiliates have voluntarily disclosed to the public (except where Executive made or caused that public disclosure without authorization), that others have independently developed and disclosed to the public, or that otherwise enters the public domain through lawful means.
(b)Restrictions. Executive agrees to treat as confidential and will not, without the prior written approval of the Company in each instance, directly or indirectly use (other than in the performance of Executive’s duties of employment with the Company or its affiliates), publish, disclose, copyright or authorize anyone else to use, publish, disclose or copyright, any Confidential Information obtained during Employee’s employment with the Company or its affiliates, whether or not the Confidential Information is in written or other tangible form. This restriction will continue after the Termination Date. Executive acknowledges and agrees that the prohibitions against disclosure and use of Confidential Information recited in this section are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any rights or remedies that the Company or its affiliates may have available under applicable laws.
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(c)Nothing in this Agreement or in the Release shall prohibit Executive from reporting possible violations of federal law or regulation to any governmental agency or entity, or making other disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of applicable federal or state law or regulation.
8.Non-Competition.
(a)As used in this Section 8, the term “Restriction Period” shall mean a period equal to: (i) the 12-month period immediately following the Termination Date if Executive’s employment terminates under circumstances where Executive is not entitled to payments under Section 5 or (ii) the Severance Period if Executive’s employment terminates under circumstances where Executive is entitled to payments under Section 5.
(b)During the term of this Agreement and for the duration of the Restriction Period thereafter, Executive shall not, except with the prior written consent of the Company, directly or indirectly, own, manage, operate, join, control, finance or participate in the ownership, management, operation, control or financing of, or be connected as an officer, director, employee, partner, principal, agent, representative, consultant or otherwise with, or use or permit Executive’s name to be used in connection with, any Competing Business. A “Competing Business” includes any business enterprise which owns or operates, or is publicly seeking to own or operate, a gaming facility located within 150 miles of any facility in which the Company or its affiliates owns or operates or is actively seeking to own or operate a facility at such time (the “Restricted Area”). Executive acknowledges that any business which offers gaming, racing, sports wagering or internet real money / social gaming, and which markets to any customers in the Restricted Area, is a Competing Business.
(c)The foregoing restrictions shall not be construed to prohibit Executive’s ownership of less than 5% of any class of securities of any corporation which is engaged in any of the foregoing businesses and has a class of securities registered pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, provided that such ownership represents a passive investment and that neither Executive nor any group of persons including Executive in any way, either directly or indirectly, manages or exercises control of any such corporation, guarantees any of its financial obligations, otherwise takes any part in its business, other than exercising Executive’s rights as a shareholder, or seeks to do any of the foregoing.
(d)Executive acknowledges that the covenants contained in Sections 7 through 9 hereof are reasonable and necessary to protect the legitimate interests of the Company and its affiliates and, in particular, that the duration and geographic scope of such covenants are reasonable given the nature of this Agreement and the position that Executive will hold within the Company and that the benefits provided to Executive under Section 5 are in consideration for Executive’s agreement to be bound by the covenants contained in Sections 7 through 9. Executive further agrees to disclose the existence and terms of such covenants to any employer that Executive works for during the Restriction Period.
9.Non-Solicitation. Executive will not, except with the prior written consent of the Company, during the term of this Agreement and for a period of 18 months after the Termination Date, directly or indirectly, solicit or hire, or encourage the solicitation or hiring of, any person
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who is, or was within a six month period prior to such solicitation or hiring, an executive or management (or higher) level employee of the Company or any of its affiliates, for any position as an employee, independent contractor, consultant or otherwise for the benefit of any entity not affiliated with the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the following be a violation of this Section 9: (a) serving as a reference for any person or (b) placing a generalized advertisement (whether written, electronic or otherwise) not targeted at employees of the Company and its affiliates.
10.Property Surrender. Upon termination of Executive’s employment for any reason, Executive shall immediately surrender and deliver to the Company all property that belongs to the Company, including, but not limited to, any keys, equipment, computers, phones, credit cards, disk drives and any documents, correspondence and other information, including all Confidential Information, of any type whatsoever, from the Company or any of its agents, servants, employees, suppliers, and existing or potential customers, that came into Executive’s possession by any means during the course of employment.
11.Indemnification. The Company shall indemnify Executive (including advancing the costs of reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses incurred by Executive) to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law for acts taken within the scope of his employment and his service as an officer or director of the Company (including for the avoidance of doubt as a witness). To the extent that the Company obtains coverage under a director and officer indemnification policy, Executive will be entitled to such coverage on a basis that is no less favorable than the coverage provided to any other officer or director of the Company. The Company shall reimburse the Executive for all legal fees incurred in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement, subject to an aggregate limit of $30,000.
12.Reduction of Certain Payments. (a) For purposes of this Section 12: (a) a “Payment” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise; (b) “Agreement Payment” shall mean a Payment paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement (disregarding this Section 12); (c) “Net After-Tax Receipt” shall mean the Present Value of a Payment net of all taxes imposed on the Executive with respect thereto under Sections 1 and 4999 of the Code and under applicable state and local laws, determined by applying the highest marginal rate under Section 1 of the Code and under state and local laws which applied to the Executive’s taxable income for the immediately preceding taxable year, or such other rate(s) as the Accounting Firm (as defined below) determined to be likely to apply to the Executive in the relevant tax year(s); (d) “Present Value” shall mean such value determined in accordance with Sections 280G(b)(2)(A)(ii) and 280G(d)(4) of the Code; and (e) “Reduced Amount” shall mean the greatest amount of Agreement Payments that can be paid that would not result in the imposition of the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code if the Accounting Firm determines to reduce Agreement Payments pursuant to Section 12(b).
(b)Anything in the Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event that PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP, or such other nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive (the “Accounting Firm”) shall determine that receipt of all Payments would subject the Executive to an excise tax under Section 4999 of
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the Code, the Accounting Firm shall determine whether to reduce any of the Agreement Payments to the Reduced Amount. The Agreement Payments shall be reduced to the Reduced Amount only if the Accounting Firm determines that the Executive would have a greater Net After-Tax Receipt of aggregate Payments if the Agreement Payments were reduced to the Reduced Amount. If the Accounting Firm determines that the Executive would not have a greater Net After-Tax Receipt of aggregate Payments if the Executive’s Agreement Payments were so reduced, the Executive shall receive all Agreement Payments to which the Executive is entitled under this Agreement.
(c)If the Accounting Firm determines that aggregate Agreement Payments should be reduced to the Reduced Amount, the Company shall promptly give the Executive notice to that effect and a copy of the detailed calculation thereof. All determinations made by the Accounting Firm under this Section 12 shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive and shall be made within 25 days following the Date of Termination. For purposes of reducing the Agreement Payments to the Reduced Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(b), (iii) Section 5(a) and (iv) Section 5(c). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. To the extent instructed by the Executive, in performing its calculations hereunder, the Accounting Firm shall take into account any reasonable compensation for services rendered or to be rendered by the Executive (including any non-competition covenants).
13.Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws (and not the law of conflicts) of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
14.Jurisdiction. The parties hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for all purposes in connection with any action or proceeding which arises out of or relates to this Agreement and agree that any action instituted under this Agreement shall be commenced, prosecuted and continued only in the state or federal courts having jurisdiction for matters arising in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, which shall be the exclusive and only proper forum for adjudicating such a claim.
15.Notices. All notices and other communications required or permitted under this Agreement or necessary or convenient in connection herewith shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given when hand delivered, delivered by guaranteed next-day delivery or shall be deemed given on the third business day when mailed by registered or certified mail, as follows (provided that notice of change of address shall be deemed given only when received):
If to the Company, to:
Penn Entertainment, Inc.
825 Berkshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Wyomissing, Pennsylvania 19610
Attention: Chairman of the Board (with a copy to the Chief Legal Officer)
Penn Entertainment, Inc.
825 Berkshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Wyomissing, Pennsylvania 19610
Attention: Chairman of the Board (with a copy to the Chief Legal Officer)
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If to Executive, to:
Executive’s then current home address as provided by Executive to the Company.
Executive’s then current home address as provided by Executive to the Company.
or to such other names or addresses as the Company or Executive, as the case may be, shall designate by notice to each other person entitled to receive notices in the manner specified in this Section 15.
16.Contents of Agreement; Amendment and Assignment. This Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements or understandings with respect to thereto. This Agreement cannot be changed, modified, extended, waived or terminated except upon a written instrument signed by the party against which it is to be enforced. Executive may not assign any of Executive’s rights or obligations under this Agreement. The Company shall assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement to any successor to all or substantially all of its assets or business by means of liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, transfer of assets, stock transfer or otherwise.
17.Severability. If any provision of this Agreement or application thereof to anyone under any circumstances is adjudicated to be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or application of this Agreement which can be given effect without the invalid or unenforceable provision or application and shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision or application in any other jurisdiction. If any provision is held void, invalid or unenforceable with respect to particular circumstances, it shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect in all other circumstances. In addition, if any court determines that any part of Sections 7, 8 or 9 hereof is unenforceable because of its duration, geographical scope or otherwise, such court will have the power to modify such provision and, in its modified form, such provision will then be enforceable.
18.Remedies. No remedy conferred upon a party by this Agreement is intended to be exclusive of any other remedy, and each and every such remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to any other remedy given under this Agreement or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity. No delay or omission by a party in exercising any right, remedy or power under this Agreement or existing at law or in equity shall be construed as a waiver thereof, and any such right, remedy or power may be exercised by such party from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient or necessary by such party in its sole discretion. Executive acknowledges that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of this Agreement by Executive and that the Company shall be entitled to specific performance and injunctive relief as remedies for any such breach, in addition to all other remedies available at law or equity to the Company.
19.Construction. This Agreement is the result of thoughtful negotiations and reflects an arms’ length bargain between two sophisticated parties, each with an opportunity to be represented by counsel. The parties agree that, if this Agreement requires interpretation, neither party should be considered “the drafter” nor be entitled to any presumption that any ambiguities are to be resolved in such party’s favor.
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20.Beneficiaries/References. Executive shall be entitled, to the extent permitted under any applicable law, to select and change a beneficiary or beneficiaries to receive any compensation or benefit payable under this Agreement following Executive’s death or incapacity by giving the Company written notice thereof. In the event of Executive’s death or a judicial determination of Executive’s incompetence, reference in this Agreement to Executive shall be deemed, where appropriate, to refer to Executive’s beneficiary, estate or other legal representative. Except as provided in this provision or Company affiliates, no third party beneficiaries are intended.
21.Withholding. All payments under this Agreement shall be made subject to applicable tax withholding, and the Company shall withhold from any payments under this Agreement all federal, state and local taxes, as the Company is required to withhold pursuant to any law or governmental rule or regulation. Executive shall bear all expense of, and be solely responsible for, all federal, state and local taxes due with respect to any payment received under this Agreement.
22.Regulatory Compliance. The terms and provisions hereof shall be conditioned on and subject to compliance with all laws, rules, and regulations of all jurisdictions, or agencies, boards or commissions thereof, having regulatory jurisdiction over the employment or activities of Executive hereunder.
23.Section 409A. Any amounts that constitute nonqualified deferred compensation as defined in Section 409A that become payable upon a termination of employment shall be payable only if such termination of employment constitutes a separation from service (as defined in Section 409A). The payments due under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A, but to the extent that such payments are not exempt, this Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A and shall be construed accordingly. Any payments or distributions to be made to Executive under this Agreement upon a separation from service (as defined in Section 409A) of amounts classified as “nonqualified deferred compensation” for purposes of Code Section 409A and do not satisfy an exemption from the time and form of payment requirements of Section 409A, shall in no event be made or commence until six months after such separation from service (or, if earlier, the date of Executive’s death) if Executive is a specified employee (as defined in Section 409A). Each payment (including each severance installment payment) under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Code Section 409A. Any reimbursements made pursuant to this Agreement shall be paid as soon as practicable but no later than 90 days after Executive submits evidence of such expenses to the Company (which payment date shall in no event be later than the last day of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred). The amount of such reimbursements during any calendar year shall not affect the benefits provided in any other calendar year, and the right to any such benefits shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not have any liability to the Executive or to any other person if the payments and benefits provided in this Agreement that are intended to be exempt from or compliant with Code Section 409A are not so exempt or compliant. For purposes of this Agreement, “409A CoC” means a Change of Control that is also a change in the ownership or
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effective control of the Company, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company as defined in Section 409A.
24.Defend Trade Secrets Act. Pursuant to the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, Executive acknowledges that Executive will not have criminal or civil liability under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that (A) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. In addition, if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the trade secret to Executive’s attorney, and may use the trade secret information in the court proceeding, if Executive (X) files any document containing the trade secret under seal, and (Y) does not disclose the trade secret, except pursuant to court order.
25.Clawback Policy. Executive acknowledges that he has reviewed the Company’s Clawback Policy and agrees to be bound by it, as in effect on the date hereof, but including any changes to the policy made to comply with applicable regulatory requirements.
[Signature page to follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, intending to be legally bound, have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.
PENN ENTERTAINMENT, INC. | |||||
By: /s/ David Handler | |||||
| Name: David Handler | |||||
| Title: Board Chair | |||||
| EXECUTIVE | |||||
By: /s/ Jay Snowden | |||||
| Name: Jay Snowden | |||||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer and President | |||||
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EXHIBIT A
SEPARATION AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE
This is a Separation Agreement and General Release (hereinafter referred to as the “Agreement”) between __________ (hereinafter referred to as the “Employee”) and _______ and its affiliates (hereinafter referred to as the “Employer”). In consideration of the mutual promises and commitments made in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound, Employee, on the one hand, and the Employer on the other hand, agree to the terms set forth in this Agreement.
1.Employee is party to an Executive Agreement dated [DATE] (the “Executive Agreement”). Employer and Employee hereby acknowledge that Employee’s employment was terminated on [DATE].
2.(a) Following the execution of this Agreement, Employee will be entitled to the post-employment benefits and subject to the post-employment responsibilities set forth in Employee’s Executive Agreement.
(b)If Employee accepts any employment with the Employer, or an affiliate or related entity of the Employer, and becomes reemployed by the Employer or an affiliate or related entity of the Employer during the Severance Period (as defined in the Executive Agreement), Employee acknowledges and agrees that Employee will forfeit all future severance payments from the date on which reemployment commences.
3.(a) When used in this Agreement, the word “Releasees” means the Employer and all or any of its past and present parent, subsidiary and affiliated corporations, members, companies, partnerships, joint ventures and other entities and their groups, divisions, departments and units, and their past and present directors, trustees, officers, managers, partners, supervisors, employees, attorneys, agents and consultants, and their predecessors, successors and assigns.
(b)When used in this Agreement, the word “Claims” means each and every claim, complaint, cause of action, and grievance, whether known or unknown and whether fixed or contingent, and each and every promise, assurance, contract, representation, guarantee, warranty, right and commitment of any kind, whether known or unknown and whether fixed or contingent.
4.In consideration of the promises of the Employer set forth in this Agreement and the Executive Agreement, and intending to be legally bound, Employee hereby irrevocably remises, releases and forever discharges all Releasees of and from any and all Claims that Employee (on behalf of either Employee or any other person or persons) ever had or now has against any and all of the Releasees, or which Employee (or Employee’s heirs, executors, administrators or assigns or any of them) hereafter can, shall or may have against any and all of the Releasees, for or by reason of any cause, matter, thing, occurrence or event whatsoever through the effective date of this Agreement. Employee acknowledges and agrees that the Claims released in this paragraph include, but are not limited to, (a) any and all Claims based on any law, statute or constitution or based on contract or in tort on common law, and (b) any and
all Claims based on or arising under any civil rights laws, such as any [STATE] employment laws, or Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq.), or the Federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act (29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.) (hereinafter referred to as the “ADEA”), and (c) any and all Claims under any grievance or complaint procedure of any kind, and (d) any and all Claims based on or arising out of or related to Employee’s recruitment by, employment with, the termination of Employee’s employment with, Employee’s performance of any services in any capacity for, or any other arrangement or transaction with, each or any of the Releasees. Employee also understands, that by signing this Agreement, Employee is waiving all Claims against any and all of the Releasees released by this Agreement; provided, however, that as set forth in section 7 (f) (1) (c) of the ADEA, as added by the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act of 1990, nothing in this Agreement constitutes or shall (i) be construed to constitute a waiver by Employee of any rights or claims that may arise after this Agreement is executed by Employee, or (ii) impair Employee’s right to file a charge with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”), the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB”) or any state agency or to participate in an investigation or proceeding conducted by the SEC, EEOC, NLRB or any state agency or as otherwise required by law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Employee agrees to waive Employee’s right to recover individual relief in any charge, complaint, or lawsuit filed by Employee or anyone on Employee’s behalf, except that this does not waive the Employee’s ability to obtain monetary awards from the SEC’s whistleblower program. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 4, Executive does not release, waive, or discharge Releasees from (i) any Claims to seek to enforce Executive’s rights under Section 5(a)-(c) of the Employment Agreement, (ii) any Claims for indemnification (including advancement of expenses) or contribution with respect to any liability incurred by Executive as a director or officer of the Company, (iii) any rights or Claims under any directors and officers insurance policy maintained by the Company [or (iv) any rights or Claims as a security holder in the Company or its affiliates or with respect to equity or equity-based compensation awards].1
5.Employee further certifies that Employee is not aware of any actual or attempted regulatory, SEC, EEOC or other legal violations by Employer and that Employee’s separation is not a result of retaliation based on any legal rights or opposition to an illegal practice.
6.Employee covenants and agrees not to sue the Releasees and each or any of them for any Claims released by this Agreement and to waive any recovery related to any Claims covered by this Agreement.
7.Pursuant to the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, Employee acknowledges that Employee will not have criminal or civil liability under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that (A) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. In addition, if Employee files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Employee may disclose the trade secret to Employee’s attorney, and may use the trade
1 Inclusion of bracketed language subject to whether or not separation terms address treatment of then outstanding equity awards.
Exh. A-2
secret information in the court proceeding, if Employee (X) files any document containing the trade secret under seal, and (Y) does not disclose the trade secret, except pursuant to court order.
8.Employee agrees to provide reasonable transition assistance to Employer (including without limitation assistance on regulatory matters, operational matters and in connection with litigation) for a period of one year from the execution of this Agreement at no additional cost; provided, such assistance shall not unreasonably interfere with Employee’s pursuit of gainful employment or result in Employee not having a separation from service (as defined in Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986). Any assistance beyond this period will be provided at a mutually agreed cost.
9.Employee agrees that, except as specifically provided in this Agreement, there is no compensation, benefits, or other payments due or owed to Employee by each or any of the Releasees, including, without limitation, the Employer, and there are no payments due or owed to Employee in connection with Employee’s employment by or the termination of Employee’s employment with each or any of the Releasees, including without limitation, [any interest in unvested options, SARs, restricted stock or other equity issued to, expected by or contemplated by any of the Releasees (which interest is specifically released herein)]2 or any other benefits (including, without limitation, any other severance benefits). For clarity, Employee acknowledges that upon Employee’s separation date, Employee has no further rights under any bonus arrangement or option plan of Employer. Employee further acknowledges that Employee has not experienced or reported any work-related injury or illness.
10.Except where the Employer has disclosed or is required to disclose the terms of this Agreement pursuant to applicable federal or state law, rule or regulatory practice, Employer and Employee agree that the terms of this Agreement are confidential. Employee will not disclose or publicize the terms of this Agreement and the amounts paid or agreed to be paid pursuant to this Agreement to any person or entity, except to Employee’s spouse, Employee’s attorney, Employee’s accountant, and to a government agency for the purpose of payment or collection of taxes or application for unemployment compensation benefits. Employee agrees that Employee’s disclosure of the terms of this Agreement to Employee’s spouse, Employee’s attorney and Employee’s accountant shall be conditioned upon Employee obtaining agreement from them, for the benefit of the Employer, not to disclose or publicize to any person or entity the terms of this Agreement and the amounts paid or agreed to be paid under this Agreement. Employee understands that, notwithstanding any provisions of this Agreement, Employee is not prohibited or in any way restricted from reporting possible violations of law to a government agency or entity, and Employee is not required to inform Employer if Employee makes such reports.
11.Employee agrees not to make any false, misleading, defamatory or disparaging statements, including in blogs, posts on Facebook, twitter, other forms of social media or any such similar communications, about Employer (including without limitation Employer’s products, services, partners, investors or personnel) and to refrain from taking any action designed to harm the public perception of the Employer or any of the Releasees. Employee
2 Inclusion of bracketed language subject to whether or not separation terms address treatment of then outstanding equity awards.
Exh. A-3
further agrees that Employee has disclosed to Employer all information, if any, in Employee’s possession, custody or control related to any legal, compliance or regulatory obligations of Employer and any failures to meet such obligations.
12.The terms of this Agreement are not to be considered as an admission on behalf of either party. Neither this Agreement nor its terms shall be admissible as evidence of any liability or wrongdoing by each or any of the Releasees in any judicial, administrative or other proceeding now pending or hereafter instituted by any person or entity. The Employer is entering into this Agreement solely for the purpose of effectuating a mutually satisfactory separation of Employee’s employment.
13.Sections 13 and 14 (Governing Law, Jurisdiction) of the Executive Agreement shall also apply to this Agreement.
14.Along with the surviving provisions of the Executive Agreement, including but not limited to Sections 7 through 25, this Agreement constitutes a complete and final agreement between the parties and supersedes and replaces all prior or contemporaneous agreements, offer letters, severance policies and plans, negotiations, or discussions relating to the subject matter of this Agreement and no other agreement shall be binding upon each or any of the Releasees, including, but not limited to, any agreement made hereafter, unless in writing and signed by an officer of the Employer, and only such agreement shall be binding against the Employer. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent Employee from obtaining employment following the Termination Date (as defined in the Executive Agreement) so long as such employment does not breach any of Sections 7, 8 or 9 of the Executive Agreement (“Permitted Post-Termination Employment”) and compensation from Permitted Post-Termination Employment shall not reduce the amount of any severance due to Employee pursuant to Section 5 of the Employment Agreement.
15.Employee is advised, and acknowledges that Employee has been advised, to consult with an attorney before signing this Agreement.
16.Employee acknowledges that Employee is signing this Agreement voluntarily, with full knowledge of the nature and consequences of its terms.
17.All executed copies of this Agreement and photocopies thereof shall have the same force and effect and shall be as legally binding and enforceable as the original.
18.Employee acknowledges that Employee has been given up to twenty-one (21) days within which to consider this Agreement before signing it. Subject to paragraph 19 below, this Agreement will become effective on the date of Employee’s signature hereof.
19.For a period of seven (7) calendar days following Employee’s signature of this Agreement, Employee may revoke the Agreement, and the Agreement shall not become effective or enforceable until the seven (7) day revocation period has expired. Employee may revoke this Agreement at any time within that seven (7) day period, by sending a written notice of revocation to the Human Resources Department of Employer. Such written notice must be actually received by the Employer within that seven (7) day period in order to be valid. If a valid revocation is
Exh. A-4
received within that seven (7) day period, this Agreement shall be null and void for all purposes and no severance shall be paid. If Employee does not revoke this agreement, payment of the severance pay amount set forth in the Employee’s Executive Agreement will be paid in the manner and at the time(s) described in the Executive Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have read, understand and do voluntarily execute this Separation Agreement and General Release which consists of [NUMBER] pages.
| EMPLOYER | EMPLOYEE | ||||||||||||||||
| By: | |||||||||||||||||
| Date: | Date: | ||||||||||||||||
Exh. A-5
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Jay A. Snowden, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of PENN Entertainment, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of the annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | August 7, 2025 | /s/ Jay A. Snowden | ||||||
| Jay A. Snowden | ||||||||
| Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director | ||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Felicia R. Hendrix, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of PENN Entertainment, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of the annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | August 7, 2025 | /s/ Felicia R. Hendrix | ||||||
| Felicia R. Hendrix | ||||||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
| (Principal Financial Officer) | ||||||||
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002,
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Quarterly Report of PENN Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jay A. Snowden, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 that, to my knowledge:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
| Date: | August 7, 2025 | /s/ Jay A. Snowden | ||||||
| Jay A. Snowden | ||||||||
| Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director | ||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002,
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Quarterly Report of PENN Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Felicia R. Hendrix, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 that, to my knowledge:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
| Date: | August 7, 2025 | /s/ Felicia R. Hendrix | ||||||
| Felicia R. Hendrix | ||||||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
| (Principal Financial Officer) | ||||||||