Profusa, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q2
Profusa, Inc. (PFSA)
About this 10-Q
Profusa, Inc filed this 10-Q on August 14, 2025, covering the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q2).
Headline figures
Quarter ended June 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Net loss
- $8.2M
- compared with a net loss of $397.49K a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$1.53
- compared with -$0.07 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
For the quarterly period ended
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PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORP.)
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| June 30, 2025 (Unaudited) | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||
| Cash held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Prepaid income taxes | ||||||||
| Prepaid franchise tax | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Advance from Profusa | ||||||||
| Excise tax payable | ||||||||
| Convertible promissory note – related party | ||||||||
| Securities purchase agreement | ||||||||
| Due to redeeming stockholders | ||||||||
| Due to related party | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Warrant liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6) | ||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Deficit: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION)
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Formation and operating costs | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other (expense) income: | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income earned on cash held in Trust Account | ||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of convertible promissory note | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total other expense, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Loss before provision for income tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax provision | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock subject to possible redemption | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, common stock subject to possible redemption | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, common stock | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION)
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025
| Common stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Deficit | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2025 (unaudited) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024
| Common stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Deficit | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2024 (unaudited) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION)
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Interest income on cash held in Trust Account | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||
| Changes in fair value of convertible promissory note | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in fair value of securities purchase agreement | ||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Income tax payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid franchise taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Due to related party | ( | ) | — | |||||
| Deferred tax liability | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Payment of extension fee into Trust Account | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash withdrawn from Trust Account in connection with redemption | ||||||||
| Reimbursement of franchise and income taxes from Trust Account | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by investing activities | ||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from convertible promissory note | ||||||||
| Advance from Profusa | ||||||||
| Redemption of common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net change in cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | $ | ||||||
| Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | $ | $ | ||||||
| Redemption payments due to redeeming stockholders | $ | $ | — | |||||
| Reconciliation of Cash and Restricted Cash: | ||||||||
| Cash, beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Restricted cash – beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash and Restricted Cash, Beginning of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Reconciliation of Cash and Restricted Cash: | ||||||||
| Cash, end of the period | ||||||||
| Restricted cash – end of the period | ||||||||
| Cash and Restricted Cash, End of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 – Description of Organization and Business Operations
NorthView Acquisition Corporation (now known as Profusa, Inc.) (the “Company” or “Northview”) was a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on April 19, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (“Business Combination”).
The Company had a wholly-owned subsidiary, NV Profusa Merger Sub Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Delaware corporation incorporated on October 13, 2022, which was formed solely in contemplation of the Merger with Profusa (See below). In connection with the Merger, which was consummated on July 11, 2025, Merger Sub is no longer in existence.
Business Combination
On November 7, 2022, the Company, Profusa, Inc., a California corporation (“Profusa”) and Merger Sub entered into a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (as the same has been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”).
On June 5, 2025 (the “Redemption Date”),
the Company received requests to redeem a total of
At the special meeting of the stockholders held on June 9, 2025 (the “Special Meeting”), the Company’s stockholders voted to approve the proposals outlined in the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement filed by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 15, 2025 (the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”), including, among other things, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, with Profusa continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”), and the issuance of the Company’s common stock as consideration thereunder (together with the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Business Combination”).
On July 11, 2025 (the “Closing Date”),
the Company closed the Business Combination with Profusa. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company owns
In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from “NorthView Acquisition Corporation” to “Profusa, Inc.”
Business Prior to the Business Combination
On December 22, 2021, the Company consummated
its Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) of
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the
Company completed the private sale of an aggregate of
Transaction costs in connection with the IPO
amounted to $
Following the closing of the IPO on December
22, 2021, an amount of $
5
The Company provided its public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their public shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the initial Business Combination. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a proposed initial Business Combination or conduct a tender offer was made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The stockholders were entitled to redeem all or a portion of their public shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial Business Combination, including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable) divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, subject to the limitations described herein. The per share amount the Company distributed to investors who properly redeemed their shares was not reduced by the fee payable to I-Bankers and Dawson James pursuant to the Business Combination Marketing Agreement (see Note 6).
On March 10, 2023, the Company held a vote to amend its amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination from March 22, 2023 to December 22, 2023 (the “First Extension Meeting”).
On December 21, 2023, the Company held a special
meeting of stockholders to vote on extending the Combination Period. As a result, the Company extended the Combination Period from December
22, 2023 to March 22, 2024. In connection with the extension,
On January 2, 2024, the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”) entered into Amendment No. 1 to Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated December 20, 2021, by and between the Company and CST, to allow CST, upon written instruction of the Company, to (i) hold the funds in the Company’s trust account uninvested or (ii) hold the funds in an interest-bearing bank demand deposit account.
On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board
of Directors approved, and the Company amended, its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (the “Note”) with the sponsor
to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $
On March 21, 2024, the Company held its 2024
Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”). At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment of
the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business
combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase
In connection with the meeting, the holders of
6
On September 19, 2024, the Company held a special
meeting of stockholders (the “Meeting”). At the Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s
amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate its initial Business Combination
to March 22, 2025. In connection with the approval of the extension amendment, holders of
On March 18, 2025, the Company commenced a special
meeting of stockholders, which was adjourned until March 21, 2025 without conducting any business. On March 21, 2025, the Company reconvened
the meeting and the stockholders approved the extension of the business combination period until June 22, 2025. In connection with the
approval of the extension amendment, holders of
On April 2, 2025, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into an Amendment No. 5 to the Merger Agreement (“Amendment No. 5”) pursuant to which Section 9.01 of the Merger Agreement was amended such that the reference to “March 22, 2025” shall be replaced with “June 22, 2025” by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination.
On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement
(the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”),
pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination
reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $1.25 million, the Investors would offer such redeeming shareholders an opportunity
to rescind the redemption of their shares and would instead purchase such shares. Such purchases would be structured in compliance with
the requirements of Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act or would otherwise not constitute a tender offer pursuant to
the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, the Company’s trust account balance was not below $
On June 9, 2025, the Company held a special meeting
of stockholders. At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the Merger Agreement and the actions and transactions contemplated
thereby, including (i) adopt an amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, to be effective upon closing of the Merger, (ii) approving
certain advisory proposals related to the amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, (iii) approved the issuance of new shares
of the Company’s Common Stock as merger consideration, (iv) elected new directors, and (v) approved new employee incentive plans.
In connection with the meeting, the holders of
On July 1, 2025, the Company filed an amendment
to its Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business
combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase
The Company agreed to waive its right to withdraw
up to $
7
The Company also agreed to waive its right to
withdraw interest from the Company’s trust account to pay the Company’s tax expenses (the “Tax Expense Waiver”).
As a result, the Company was no longer able to withdraw interest in order to pay future tax expenses, and such interest will be held
in the trust account and not be released until the earliest to occur of (i) the completion of the initial business combination,
(ii) the redemption of
Prior to such announcement, and subsequent to
the record date of February 21, 2025, for the Special Meeting, the Company withdrew approximately $
All of the Public Shares contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares in connection with our liquidation, if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with our initial business combination and in connection with certain amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. In accordance with SEC and its guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of a company require common stock subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Given that the Public Shares were issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., public warrants), the initial carrying value of common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. The common stock is subject to ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either (i) accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or (ii) recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately.
The Sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to (i) waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares and public shares in connection with the completion of the initial Business Combination, (ii) waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to their Founder Shares if the Company fails to complete the initial Business Combination within the Combination Period (although they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to any public shares they hold if the Company fails to complete the Business Combination within such time period); and (iii) vote their Founder Shares and any public shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of the initial Business Combination.
The Company’s Sponsor has agreed that it
will be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a
prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in
the Trust Account to below (i) $
Nasdaq Delisting Notification
On December 20, 2024, the Company received a written notice from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market that the Company’s securities would be delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market by reason of the failure of the Company to complete its initial business combination by December 20, 2024 (36 months from the effectiveness of its IPO registration statement) as required by Listing Rule IM-5101-2. Accordingly, trading in the Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants was suspended at the opening of business on December 27, 2024 and a Form 25-NSE was filed by Nasdaq with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which removed the Company’s securities from on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants began to be quoted on the Pink Markets operated on The OTC Market systems (“OTC Market”) under the symbols “NVAC,” “NVACR” and “NVACW.”
Use of Funds Restricted for Payment of Taxes
From inception to date, the Company has withdrawn a total of $
8
Liquidity and Going Concern
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended Business Combination, the initial stockholders or an affiliate of the initial stockholders or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, provide the Company Working Capital Loans (see Note 5).
On April 27, 2023, the Company signed a Convertible
Working Capital Promissory Note (“the Note”) with the Sponsor for $
On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board
of Directors approved, and the Company amended the Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $
On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of
Directors approved, and the Company second amended its Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $
The Company had principal outstanding of $
The Company incurred
significant costs in pursuit of its Business Combination. As part of the closing, the Company had cash inflows of $
Risks and Uncertainties
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act
of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal
9
Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.
On March 22, 2023 and December 21, 2023, the
Company’s stockholders redeemed
On July 3, 2024, the Treasury issued final regulations
with respect to the procedure and administration of the Excise Tax. These regulations provided that the filing and payment deadline for
any liability incurred during the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 would be October 31, 2024. As of June 30, 2025 and
the date of this report, the excise tax was not paid and was recorded as excise tax payable. Any amount of such Excise Tax not paid in
full, could be subject to additional interest and penalties which are currently estimated at
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $
Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the balances and results for the periods presented. The interim results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any future periods.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Form 10-K annual report filed by the Company with the SEC on March 31, 2025.
10
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Emerging Growth Company Status
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with another public company, which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Some of the more significant estimates are in connection with determining the fair value of the warrant liabilities and convertible promissory note. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject
the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal
Depository Insurance Coverage of $
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all short-term investments
with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the
Company had $
11
Cash Held in Trust Account
At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in an interest-bearing demand deposit account at a bank.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, pursuant
to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”),
the trustee of the Trust Account, $
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, pursuant
to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”),
the trustee of the Trust Account, $
Cash
| Fair Value as of June 30, 2025 | Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
On December 21, 2023, the Company held a special
meeting of stockholders to vote on extending the Combination Period. As a result, the Company extended the Combination Period from December
22, 2023 to March 22, 2024, which was later extended to March 22, 2025. In connection with the extension voted on December 21, 2023,
On March 18, 2025, the Company commenced a special
meeting of stockholders, which was adjourned until March 21, 2025 without conducting any business. On March 21, 2025, the Company reconvened
the special meeting to approve an extension of time for the Company to consummate an initial business combination from March 22, 2025
to June 22, 2025. The meeting was adjourned until March 21, 2025, at which the stockholders approve the extension of the business combination
period until June 22, 2025. As a condition of the extension, the Company contributed $
As of June 30, 2025, $
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature, except for the warrant liabilities, convertible promissory note, and securities purchase agreement.
12
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the condensed consolidated financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance recorded against it.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s condensed consolidated financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties
related to unrecognized tax benefits as a formation cost expense. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that
could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company incurred $
The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company evaluates its financial instruments, such as warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative instruments are initially recorded at fair value on the grant date and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
Convertible Promissory Note
The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan.
Securities Purchase Agreement
The fair value of the Company’s securities purchase agreement is valued using Monte Carlo models on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The instrument is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Warrant Liabilities
The Company accounts for the
In determining the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants, assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate are utilized. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants.
13
Net Loss Per Common Stock
The Company has two categories of shares, which
are referred to as common stock subject to possible redemption and common stock. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the
two categories of shares. The
The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share for each category of common stock:
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption | Common stock | Common stock subject to possible redemption | Common stock | Common stock subject to possible redemption | Common stock | Common stock subject to possible redemption | Common stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company’s common stock sold as part of the Units in the IPO (“public common stock”) contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such public shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, or if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99, the Company classifies public common stock outside of permanent equity as the redemption provisions are not solely within the control of the Company. The public common stock was issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., Public Warrants) and as such, the initial carrying value of public common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20.
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amount of public common stock reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:
| Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2023 | $ | |||
| Less: | ||||
| Partial redemption | ( | ) | ||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of redeemable common stock | ||||
| Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2024 | $ | |||
| Less: | ||||
| Partial redemption | ( | ) | ||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of redeemable common stock | ||||
| Contingently redeemable common stock, March 31, 2025 | $ | |||
| Less: | ||||
| Redemption payment due to stockholders | ( | ) | ||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of redeemable common stock | ||||
| Contingently redeemable common stock, June 30, 2025 | $ |
14
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Standards Adopted
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require disclosures, on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating officer decision maker (“CODM”), as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The ASU requires that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Public entities will be required to provide all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this ASU and existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07, which was applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. See Note 9 for further details regarding this adoption.
Standards not yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which will require the Company to disclose specified additional information in its income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 will also require the Company to disaggregate its income taxes paid disclosure by federal, state and foreign taxes, with further disaggregation required for significant individual jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 will become effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is still reviewing the impact of ASU 2023-09.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 3 – Initial Public Offering
Public Units
On December 22, 2021, the Company sold
Public Warrants
Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase
15
The warrants will become exercisable on the later
of 12 months from the closing of the IPO or 30 days after the completion of its initial Business Combination and will expire
The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after the closing of the initial Business Combination, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to file, and within 60 business days after the closing of the initial Business Combination, to have declared effective, a registration statement relating to those shares of common stock, and to maintain a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock until the warrants expire or are redeemed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is not effective within the above specified period following the consummation of the initial Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis.
Redemption of Warrants
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants:
| ● | in whole and not in part; |
| ● | at
a price of $ |
| ● | upon
a minimum of |
| ● | if,
and only if, the last sale price of the common stock equals or exceeds $ |
If the Company calls the warrants for redemption as described above, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In determining whether to require all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis,” management will consider, among other factors, the Company’s cash position, the number of warrants that are outstanding and the dilutive effect on the stockholders of issuing the maximum number of shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Note 4 – Private Placement
The Company’s Sponsor, I-Bankers and Dawson
James have purchased an aggregate of
The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the warrants included in the units sold in the IPO, except that the Private Placement Warrants: (i) will not be redeemable by the Company and (ii) may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the warrants included in the Units being sold in the IPO.
16
Note 5 – Related Party Transactions
Founder Shares
In April 2021, the Sponsor paid $
The Sponsor has agreed not to transfer, assign
or sell any of their Founder Shares until the earlier to occur of: (A) one year after the completion of the initial Business Combination
or (B) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction after the initial Business
Combination that results in all of the Company’s public stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock
for cash, securities or other property (the “Lock-up”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the last sale price of the Company’s
common stock equals or exceeds $
Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party
On April 27, 2023, the Company signed a Convertible
Working Capital Promissory Note (“the Note”) with the Sponsor for $
Securities Purchase Agreement
On February 11, 2025, in a private transaction,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an institutional investor (the “Investor”).
Pursuant to the SPA, the Investor is expected, subject to the conditions relating to such purchase set forth in the SPA, to purchase
from the Company’s senior secured convertible promissory notes (“Ascent Note”) in an aggregate principal amount of
up to $
As a result of the Business Combination, pursuant
to the SPA, the Company issued a PIPE Convertible Note in the principal amount of $
Related Party Loans
In order to finance transaction costs in connection
with an intended initial Business Combination, the initial stockholders or an affiliate of the initial stockholders or certain of the
Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (the “Working Capital
Loans”). If the Company completes the initial Business Combination, the Company would repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds
of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, such loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account.
In the event that the initial Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside
the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used to repay such loaned amounts. Up
to $
17
Administrative Service Fee
Commencing on the effective date of the IPO,
the Company began paying its Sponsor a total of $
Advances from Profusa
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025
and 2024, Profusa agreed to advance funds to the Company to pay for operating expenses. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there
was $
Due to Related Party
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $
Note 6 – Commitments and Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the Founder Shares, the Private Placement Warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and any underlying securities) are entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the closing date of the IPO requiring the Company to register such securities for resale. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that the Company registers such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of the initial Business Combination. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicable Lock-up period described in Note 5. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriters Agreement
The underwriters had a
The underwriters received a cash underwriting
discount of approximately
Business Combination Marketing Agreement
Under a Business Combination marketing agreement,
the Company engaged I-Bankers and Dawson James as advisors in connection with the Business Combination to assist the Company in holding
meetings with the stockholders to discuss the potential Business Combination and the target business’s attributes, introduce the
Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing the Company’s securities in connection with the potential Business
Combination, assist the Company in obtaining stockholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press
releases and public filings in connection with the Business Combination. The Company was obligated to pay I-Bankers and Dawson James
a cash fee for such marketing services upon the consummation of the initial Business Combination in an amount of
Non-Redemption Agreement
On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement
(the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”),
pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination
reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $
18
Representative’s Shares
On December 22, 2021, the Company issued
Representative’s Warrants
The Company granted to I-Bankers and Dawson
James (and/or their designees)
Merger Agreement
On November 7, 2022, NorthView entered into a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Merger Sub., and Profusa, Inc., a California corporation (“Profusa”). The Merger Agreement provides that, among other things, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into Profusa (the “Merger”), with Profusa surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of NorthView.
At the Special Meeting held on June 9, 2025, the Company’s stockholders voted to approve the proposals outlined in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, including, among other things, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the merger of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, with Profusa continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary the Company, and the issuance of the Company’s common stock as consideration thereunder. On July 11, 2025, the Closing was completed.
In connection with the Closing, the Company changed its name to “Profusa, Inc.”
19
Advisory Agreements
On December 19, 2024, the Company engaged A.G.P
to serve as the placement agent in connection with a proposed business combination transaction. The Company shall pay to A.G.P. a cash
fee (the “Cash Fee”) equal to
On June 15, 2023, the Company engaged the Benchmark Company LLC (“Benchmark”)
to provide advisory services related to the Business Combination and the Convertible Notes. The Company was to pay Benchmark at the closing
of the Business Combination an advisory fee of $
Securities Purchase Agreement
On February 11, 2025, in a private transaction,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an institutional investor (the “Investor”).
Pursuant to the SPA, the Investor is expected, subject to the conditions relating to such purchase set forth in the SPA, to purchase
from the Company’s senior secured convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of up to $
The SPA contemplates that additional Convertible Notes will be purchased in multiple tranches:
| (i) | Prior
to the one-year anniversary of the Initial Closing Date, subject to the conditions set forth in the SPA, the Company may request that
the Investor purchase additional Convertible Notes having an aggregate principal amount of up to $ |
| (a) | Provided
a registration statement has been filed for the shares underlying the Initial Note, shares of combined company common stock, par value
$ |
| (b) | Provided
a registration statement is effective for the shares underlying the Initial Note, New Profusa Common Stock has traded a volume of at
least $ |
| (c) | The
Investor at its sole discretion may call from the Company and thereby require the Company to sell an additional Convertible Note having
an aggregate principal amount of $ |
As a result of the Business Combination, the
Company paid $
Note 7 – Stockholders’ Deficit
Preferred stock — The
Company is authorized to issue
20
Common Stock — The Company
is authorized to issue a total of
Common stockholders of record are entitled to
Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The Company’s financial instruments are classified as either Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3. These tiers include:
| ● | Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets; |
| ● | Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and |
| ● | Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. |
The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
| June 30, 2025 | Quoted Prices In Active Markets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash held in trust | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Public Warrants | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Private Placement Warrants | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Representative’s Warrants | ||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party | ||||||||||||||||
| Securities Purchase Agreement | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | Quoted Prices In Active Markets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash held in trust | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Public Warrants | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Private Placement Warrants | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liabilities – Representative’s Warrants | ||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
21
The Public Warrants, the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company utilized a Monte Carlo simulation
model for the initial valuation of the Public Warrants. The subsequent measurement of the Public Warrants at June 30, 2025 and December
31, 2024 was classified as Level 2 due to the lack of an active market. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the aggregate value
of Public Warrants was $
The Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation model to value the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs. Inherent in pricing models are assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the warrants. The expected life of the warrants is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term.
The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the warrant liabilities were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Input | ||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | % | ||||||
| Expected term (years) | ||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | % | ||||||
| Exercise price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Fair value of Common stock | $ | $ | ||||||
The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the convertible promissory note were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Input | ||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | % | ||||||
| Expected term (years) | ||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | % | ||||||
| Exercise price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Fair value of Common stock | $ | $ | ||||||
The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the securities purchase agreement were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Input | ||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | |||||||
| Expected term (years) | ||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | |||||||
| Exercise price | $ | |||||||
| Fair value of Common stock | $ | |||||||
22
The following table provides a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
| Private Placement Warrants | Representative’s Warrants | Warrant Liability | ||||||||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Fair value at March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Fair value at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Private Placement Warrants | Representative’s Warrants | Warrant Liability | ||||||||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Fair value at March 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Fair value at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Convertible Promissory Note – related party | ||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2024 | $ | |||
| Change in fair value of convertible promissory note | ||||
| Fair value at March 31, 2025 | ||||
| Change in fair value of convertible promissory note | ||||
| Fair value at June 30, 2025 | $ | |||
| Convertible Promissory Note | ||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2023 | $ | |||
| Principal proceeds | ||||
| Change in fair value of convertible promissory note | ( | ) | ||
| Fair value at March 31, 2024 | ||||
| Proceeds received through convertible promissory note | ||||
| Change in fair value of convertible promissory note | ( | ) | ||
| Fair value at June 30, 2024 | $ | |||
The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan.
The convertible promissory note was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs. Inherent in pricing models are assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the note. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the note. The expected life of the note is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term.
| Securities Purchase Agreement | ||||
| Fair value at February 11, 2025 | $ | |||
| Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement | ||||
| Fair value at March 31, 2025 | ||||
| Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement | ||||
| Fair value at June 30, 2025 | $ | |||
23
The Company utilizes a Monte Carlo model to estimate the fair value of the conversion feature within the securities purchase agreement, which is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the conversion feature are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The key assumptions in the model relate to expected share-price volatility, risk-free interest rate, exercise price, expected term and the probability of occurrence of the transaction. The expected volatility was based on the average volatility of special purpose acquisition companies that are searching for an acquisition target. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the note. The expected life of the note is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term.
Note 9 – Segment Information
ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statement information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may recognize revenues and incur expenses, and for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker, or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.
The CODM assesses performance for the single
segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net loss that also is reported on the statement of operations as net loss. The
measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total assets.
| As of June 30, 2025 | As of December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Trust Account | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Restricted Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Formation and operating costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income earned on cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account | ||||||||||||||||
The key measures of segment profit or loss reviewed by our CODM are interest earned on the Trust Account and general and administrative expenses. The CODM reviews interest earned on the Trust Account to measure and monitor stockholder value and determine the most effective strategy of investment with the Trust Account funds while maintaining compliance with the trust agreement. General and administrative expenses are reviewed and monitored by the CODM to manage and forecast cash to ensure enough capital is available to complete a business combination within the business combination period. The CODM also reviews general and administrative costs to manage, maintain and enforce all contractual agreements to ensure costs are aligned with all agreements and budget.
Note 10 – Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued. Based on the Company’s review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements, other than as previously disclosed, and as described below.
Consummation of Business Combination
On July 11, 2025, the Company, consummated its
previously announced Business Combination Profusa, pursuant to that certain Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of
November 7, 2022 (as the same has been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”),
between the Company, Profusa, and NV Profusa Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
(“Merger Sub” and, collectively, the “Parties”). The consummation of the Business Combination involved the merger
(the “Merger”) of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, pursuant to which, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by
the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub ceased, with Profusa as the surviving
corporation becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the
DGCL. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company owns
Securities Purchase Agreement
On July 28, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement
(the “Purchase Agreement”) with Ascent Partners Fund LLC (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the terms and conditions
set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company may, from time to time and at its discretion, issue and sell to the Purchaser shares
of its common stock (the “Purchased Securities”) for an aggregate purchase price of up to $
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Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company may deliver advance notices
(each, an “Advance Notice”) to the Purchaser to request the purchase of shares of common stock, with each closing (a “Closing”)
to occur on a trading day following the end of a 10 or fewer trading day valuation period commencing on the trading date immediately
following the delivery of the Advance Notice, or as determined by the Purchaser. The purchase price per share at each Closing will be
equal to
The Purchase Agreement contains certain limitations, including that
the aggregate number of shares issued under the Purchase Agreement may not exceed the number of shares registered under the applicable
registration statement or the exchange cap (generally
The Purchase Agreement also provides for the issuance of a warrant
to the Purchaser for the purchase of
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
References to the “Company,” “NorthView Acquisition Corp.,” “NorthView,” “our,” “us” or “we” refer to NorthView Acquisition Corp. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in our other Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated on April 19, 2021 as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (a “Business Combination”). We consummated our initial public offering on December 22, 2021 and have identified a target company for our business combination. We used the cash proceeds from our Public Offering and the Private Placement described below as well as additional issuances, if any, of our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt for the significant costs incurred to complete the Business Combination.
Business Combination
On November 7, 2022, NorthView entered into a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among NorthView, NV Profusa Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of NorthView (“Merger Sub”), and Profusa, Inc., a California corporation (“Profusa”).
The Merger Agreement provides that, among other things, at the closing (the “Closing”) of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into Profusa (the “Merger”), with Profusa surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of NorthView. In connection with the Merger, NorthView will change its name to “Profusa, Inc.” The Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement are hereinafter referred to as the “Business Combination.”
The Business Combination is subject to customary closing conditions, including the satisfaction of the minimum available cash condition of $15,000,000, the receipt of certain governmental approvals and the required approval by the stockholders of NorthView and Profusa.
The aggregate consideration to be received by the Profusa stockholders is based on a pre-transaction equity value of $155,000,000. The exchange ratio will be equal to (a) $155,000,000, divided by an assumed value of NorthView Common Stock of $10.00 per share.
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Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, subject to certain future revenue and stock-price based milestones, Profusa stockholders will have the right to receive an aggregate of up to an additional 3,875,000 shares of NorthView Common Stock (the “Earnout Shares”). One-quarter of the Earnout Shares will be issued if, between the 18-month anniversary and the two-year anniversary of the Closing, the combined company’s common stock achieves a daily volume weighted average market price of at least $12.50 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 consecutive trading day period (“Milestone Event I”). One-quarter of the Earnout Shares will be issued if, between the first and second anniversary of the Closing, the combined company’s common stock achieves a daily volume weighted average market price of at least $14.50 per share for a similar number of days (“Milestone Event II”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the remaining one-quarter of the Earnout Shares were to be issued if the combined company achieves at least $5,100,000 in revenue in fiscal year 2023, and one-quarter of the Earnout Shares will be issued if the combined company achieves at least $73,100,000 in revenue in fiscal year 2024, (or up to one-half of the Earnout Shares if both milestones are achieved).
On September 12, 2023, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Merger Agreement ( “Amendment No. 1”) pursuant to which the parties agreed to revise the revenue earnout milestones to reflect updated projections provided by Profusa. Specifically, Amendment No. 1 revised the definition of “Milestone Event III” and “Milestone Event IV” such that one-quarter of the Earnout Shares would be issued to Profusa stockholders if the combined company achieves Earnout Revenue of $11,864,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and one-quarter of the Earnout Shares would be issued to Profusa stockholders if the combined company achieves Earnout Revenue of $99,702,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. Amendment No. 1 also clarified the exercise price of certain the Company Warrants.
Additionally, if Milestone Event I or Milestone Event II are achieved by the second anniversary of the Closing, NorthView’s sponsor, NorthView Sponsor I, LLC and Profusa stockholders, will be issued additional shares up to the amount of any shares forgone as an inducement to obtaining Additional Financings (as defined in the Merger Agreement).
On February 11, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an institutional investor (the “Investor”). Pursuant to the SPA, the Investor is expected, subject to the conditions relating to such purchase set forth in the SPA, to purchase from the Company senior secured convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of up to $22,222,222 (the “Convertible Notes”) for a purchase price of up to $20,000,000, after a 10% original issue discount (“OID”).
On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement (the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”), pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $1.25 million, the Investors would offer such redeeming shareholders an opportunity to rescind the redemption of their shares and would instead purchase such shares. Such purchases would be structured in compliance with the requirements of Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act or would otherwise not constitute a tender offer pursuant to the Exchange Act.
Merger Agreement Amendment and Termination of Financing
On January 12, 2024, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into an Amendment No. 2 to the Merger Agreement pursuant to which the parties agreed to revise the definition of “Milestone Event III” and such that the Earnout Revenue milestone of $11,864,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, was replaced with a milestone of consummating the Tasly JV (as defined in the amended Merger Agreement) and receipt of the related funding during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. All other aspects of the Merger Agreement were unmodified.
On February 16, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved and authorized the Company to execute a binding term sheet (“Original term sheet”) between the Company and Profusa, Inc. (the “Target”) for PIPE funding with Vellar Opportunities Fund Master, Ltd. (“Vellar”). Vellar agreed to subscribe for 2,500,000 shares of common and/or preferred stock of the Target upon the closing of the Business Combination at a price of $2.00 per share, for a total amount of $5,000,000 to be funded by Vellar immediately prior to the Business Combination. On May 9, 2024, the original term sheet between the Company and Profusa was amended and restated to clarify certain provisions of the Original term sheet.
On March 4, 2024, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Merger Agreement pursuant to which the parties agreed to revise the definition of Company Reference Value (as defined in the Merger Agreement) to adjust for financing proceeds and debt conversions that could be received by Profusa prior to the Business Combination. All other aspects of the Merger Agreement were unmodified.
On September 25, 2024, Vellar terminated the Amended and Restated Binding Principal Terms and Conditions with the Company and Profusa, dated May 9, 2024.
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On February 11, 2025, the parties entered into Amendment No. 4 to the Merger Agreement pursuant to which the parties agreed to revise the Company Reference Value (as defined in the Merger Agreement) to adjust for financing proceeds received by Profusa prior to the Business Combination, along with debt conversions and incentive shares to be issued. Additionally, the Amendment (i) revised the definition of “Milestone Event III” such that the parties extended the period for Profusa to consummate the APAC Joint Venture (as defined in the Merger Agreement) and receive the related funding from December 31, 2024 until December 31, 2025, and (ii) revised the definition of “Milestone Event IV” to change the earnout revenue target from $99,702,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 to an earnout revenue target of $11,864,000 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2026.
On April 2, 2025, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into an Amendment No. 5 to the Merger Agreement (“Amendment No. 5”) pursuant to which Section 9.01 of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended such that the reference to “March 22, 2025” shall be replaced with “June 22, 2025” by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination.
On July 11, 2025, we completed our Business Combination with Profusa.
Extension of Our Combination Period
On March 10, 2023, the Company held a vote to amend its amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination from March 22, 2023 to December 22, 2023 (the “First Extension Meeting”).
On December 21, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders to vote on extending the Combination Period. As a result, the Company has extended the Combination Period from December 22, 2023 to March 22, 2024. In connection with the extension, 140,663 shares of the Company’s common stock were redeemed, with 6,027,219 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption; 833,469 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption are shares issued in connection with our initial public offering. In January 2024, $1,565,078 was paid from the trust account to redeeming stockholders in connection with the extension.
On January 2, 2024, the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”) entered into Amendment No. 1 to Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated December 20, 2021, by and between the Company and CST, to allow CST, upon written instruction of the Company, to (i) hold the funds in the Company’s trust account uninvested or (ii) hold the funds in an interest-bearing bank demand deposit account.
On March 21, 2024, the Company held its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”). At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment of the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase 100% of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering, from March 22, 2024, monthly for up to six additional months at the election of the Company and only upon contribution of $0.05 per month per outstanding public share, ultimately until September 22, 2024.
In connection with the meeting, the holders of 95,394 Public Shares properly exercised their right to redeem, with 5,931,825 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption; 738,075 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption are shares issued in connection with the initial public offering. Consequently, the contribution is $36,904 per month needed for the Company to continue to extend the Combination Period monthly. On May 8, 2024 and May 31, 2024, the Company made two deposits of $36,904 each for April and May extension contributions. On September 10, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $112,114, of which $110,174 was for June, July and August extension contributions and $1,400 for lost interest due to late trust payments.
On September 19, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders. At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate its initial Business Combination to March 22, 2025. In connection with the approval of the extension amendment, holders of 50,556 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem, with 5,881,269 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption; 687,519 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption are shares issued in connection with our initial public offering. Consequently, the contribution is $34,376 per month needed for the Company to continue to extend the Combination Period monthly. On October 4, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $34,376 for the September extension contribution. In October 2024, $595,439 was paid from the trust account to redeeming stockholders in connection with the extension that took place at the September 19, 2024 stockholders meeting. On December 13, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $68,752 for the October and November extension contributions. On December 23, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $34,376 for the December extension contribution. On February 27, 2025, the Company made a deposit of $49,376 for the January extension contribution and a portion ($15,000) of the February extension contribution. On March 7, 2025, the Company deposited the remainder of the February extension contribution of $19,376, plus interest.
On March 18, 2025, the Company commenced a special meeting of stockholders, which was adjourned until March 21, 2025 without conducting any business. On March 21, 2025, the Company reconvened the special meeting to approve an extension of time for the Company to consummate an initial business combination from March 22, 2025 to June 22, 2025. The meeting was adjourned until March 21, 2025, at which the stockholders approve the extension of the business combination period until June 22, 2025. As a condition of the extension, the Company contributed $30,000 to the Trust Account, for the entire extension period, on March 21, 2025.
On June 9, 2025, the Company held its a special meeting of stockholders. At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved Merger Agreement and the actions and transactions contemplated thereby, including (i) adopt an amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, to be effective upon closing of the Merger (ii) approving certain advisory proposals related to the amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, (iii) approved the issuance of new shares of the Company’s Common Stock as merger consideration, (iv) elected new directors, and (v) approved new employee incentive plans.
In connection with the meeting, the holders of 52,784 Public Shares properly exercised their right to redeem, with 5,295,527 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after such redemptions.
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On July 1, 2025, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase 100% of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering, from June 22, 2025 to August 22, 2025. Previously, on June 27, 2025, the Company had filed a copy of the Amendment with a date that mistakenly referenced “July 22, 2025” rather than “August 22, 2025,” however such filing was corrected in connection with the filing of the Amendment on July 1, 2025.
Promissory Note
On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company amended, its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (the “Note”) with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $1.5 million. The amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor.
On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company second amended its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $2.5 million. The second amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. The Company has deferred the repayment of the Note to six months after the Closing.
Nasdaq Delisting
On December 20, 2024, the Company received a written notice from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market that the Company’s securities would be delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market by reason of the failure of the Company to complete its initial business combination by December 20, 2024 (36 months from the effectiveness of its IPO registration statement) as required by Listing Rule IM-5101-2. Accordingly, trading in the Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants was suspended at the opening of business on December 27, 2024 and a Form 25-NSE was filed by Nasdaq with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which removed the Company’s securities from on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants began to be quoted its on the Pink Markets operated on The OTC Market systems (“OTC Market”) under the symbols “NVAC,” “NVACR” and “NVACW.”
Use of Funds Restricted for Payment of Taxes
From inception to date, we have withdrawn a total of $1,484,218 of interest from the Trust Account of which $1,453,297 was paid for franchise and income taxes. Of the aggregate withdrawals, $30,922 was restricted for the payment of our income taxes. We utilized $29,171 of these withdrawals towards funding operating expenses, as well as the monthly extension deposits. As of June 30, 2025, we have restricted cash of $1,751. We intend to deposit $29,171 back into the Trust Account or use the $29,171 (or a portion thereof) for tax obligations until a deposit is made into the trust on a future date.
Results of Operations
As of June 30, 2025, we had not commenced any operations. All activity for the period from April 19, 2021 (inception) through June 30, 2025 relates to our formation and the Initial Public Offering, and, subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any operating revenues to date. We will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial Business Combination, at the earliest. We will generate non-operating income in the form of interest income and unrealized gains from the cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account. We expect to incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses.
For the three months ended June 30, 2025, we had net loss of $8,196,876, which consisted of operating costs of $967,084, change in fair value of our warrant liabilities of $5,917,445, income tax provision of $2,386, change in fair value of convertible note of $1,154,729, and change in fair value of securities purchase agreement of $170,391 offset by interest income on cash held in the Trust Account of $15,159.
For the six months ended June 30, 2025, we had net loss of $9,316,786, which consisted of operating costs of $1,550,665, change in fair value of our warrant liabilities of $6,265,530, income tax provision of $21,738, change in fair value of convertible note of $1,380,059, and change in fair value of securities purchase agreement of $193,878 offset by interest income on cash held in the Trust Account of $95,084.
For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we had net loss of $397,487, which consisted of operating costs of $253,130, income tax provision of $23,026, and a loss of $295,872 for the change in fair value of our warrant liabilities, offset by interest income on securities held in the Trust Account of $108,520 and change in fair value of convertible note of $66,021.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we had net loss of $1,217,764, which consisted of operating costs of $723,971, income tax provision of $44,480, and a loss of $800,595 for the change in fair value of our warrant liabilities, offset by interest income on securities held in the Trust Account of $225,184 and change in fair value of convertible note of $126,098.
Liquidity and Going Concern
As of June 30, 2025, we had $1,751 in restricted cash and a working capital deficit of $15,492,554.
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For the six months June 30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $501,614. Net loss of $9,316,786 was impacted primarily by trust interest income of $95,084, change in fair value of our warrant liabilities of $6,265,530, change in fair value of convertible note of $1,380,059, change in fair value of securities purchase agreement of $193,878 and changes in operating assets and liabilities reflected cash provided by operating activities of $1,070,789 during such period.
For the six months June 30, 2025, cash provided by investing activities included $99,285 of extension payments made to the trust, $78,813 of reimbursement from the trust of franchise and income tax payments and cash withdrawn from the trust of $6,510,830 in relation to stock redemptions.
For the six months June 30, 2025, cash used in financing activities included $507,633 of an advance from Profusa and $6,510,830 paid out in relation to stock redemptions.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash used in operating activities was $675,730. Net loss of $1,217,764 was impacted primarily by trust interest income of $225,184, change in fair value of convertible note of $126,098 and change in fair value of our warrant liabilities of $800,595. Changes in operating assets and liabilities reflected cash provided of $92,721 from operating activities during such period.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash provided by investing activities included $235,733 of extension payments made to the trust, $204,460 of reimbursement from the trust of franchise and income tax payments and cash withdrawn from the trust of $2,653,439 in relation to stock redemptions.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash used in financing activities included $708,981 of proceeds from a convertible promissory note and $2,653,439 paid out in relation to stock redemptions.
Prior to the completion of the initial public offering, our liquidity needs had been satisfied through a capital contribution from the sponsor of $25,000 for the founder shares to cover certain of the offering costs and the loan under an unsecured promissory note from the sponsor of $204,841, which was fully paid upon the initial public offering. Subsequent to the consummation of the initial public offering and private placement, our liquidity needs have been satisfied through the proceeds from the consummation of the private placement not held in the trust account, and the drawdowns on the convertible promissory note.
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended Business Combination, the initial stockholders or an affiliate of the initial stockholders or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, provide the Company Working Capital Loans (see Note 5).
On April 27, 2023, the Company signed a Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (“the Note”) with the Sponsor for $1,200,000. The Note is non-interest bearing and is due the earlier of the consummation of a business combination or the date of liquidation. The Sponsor may elect to convert all or any portion of the unpaid principal balance of this Note into warrants, at a price of $1.00 per warrant. On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company amended the Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $1.5 million. The amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved and the Company entered into a second amendment of its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $2.5 million. The second amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. The Company had principal outstanding of $1,919,796 and is presenting the Note at fair value on its balance sheet at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in the amount of $10,288,111 and $8,908,052, respectively.
The Company incurred significant costs in pursuit of its Business Combination. As part of the closing, the Company had cash inflows of $1.3 million from the Trust Account, net of redemptions, and the $9 million net PIPE convertible note. Cash outflows included marketing fees and vendor payments which totaled $3.4 million due at closing. In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management believes that subsequent to the closing of the Merger, there continue to be factors which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
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Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Contractual Obligations
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we did not have any long-term debt or capital or operating lease obligations.
We entered into an administrative services agreement with our sponsor pursuant to which we pay for office space and secretarial and administrative services provided to members of our management team, in an amount of $5,000 per month. As of June 30, 2023, the Company and the sponsor terminated this agreement. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, $0 had been incurred and billed relating to the administrative service fee. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $50,000 relating to the administrative service fee was not paid and recorded as due to related party.
NorthView previously engaged I-Bankers as an advisor to assist in holding meetings to discuss the potential business combination and the target business’ attributes, introduce NorthView to potential investors that are interested providing funding in connection with a Business Combination, assist NorthView in obtaining stockholder approval for such business combination and assist NorthView with its press releases and public filings in connection with such business combination (the “Business Combination Marketing Agreement”). In connection with such engagement, NorthView agreed to pay I-Bankers and Dawson James a cash fee (the “Business Combination Fee”) for such services upon the consummation of a business combination in an amount equal to 3.68% of the gross proceeds of its initial public offering (exclusive of any applicable finders’ fees which might become payable). In connection with the Business Combination, NorthView, I-Bankers and Dawson James amended the Business Combination Marketing Agreement to revise a portion of the Business Combination Fee to be partially payable in NorthView securities and partially payable in cash upon the closing of the Merger with Profusa, with such securities to be subject to lock-up provisions. Subsequently, on January 19, 2025, the agreement was modified by the parties such that the Company will be required to pay $2,000,000, payable in cash, if a business combination is consummated. As a result of the Business Combination, I-Bankers was paid $900,000 and Dawson James was paid $600,000 under the Business Combination marketing agreement. The payment of the remaining $500,000 has been deferred until after the Closing.
On December 19, 2024, the Company engaged A.G.P to serve as the placement agent in connection with a proposed business combination transaction. The Company shall pay to A.G.P. a cash fee (the “Cash Fee”) equal to 9.0% in a convertible note offering, note, or other similar equity-linked offerings, and shall be calculated from the face value of notes issued, which is payable at the close of a Business Combination. On June 17, 2025, the Company entered a settlement agreement with A.G.P. for the Cash Fee of $968,000 related to the debt private placement (the “Offering”) to be issued at the Closing. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, as a result of the Business Combination, the Company paid A.G.P. $550,000 at the Closing and the remaining $418,000 of the fees were deferred and due on the earlier of (i) the second tranche of the debt private placement being issued and (ii) December 31, 2025. The Company also agreed to reimburse A.G.P. $50,000 for expenses incurred in connection with the offering.
On June 15, 2023, the Company engaged the Benchmark Company LLC (“Benchmark”) to provide advisory services related to the Business Combination and the Convertible Notes. The Company was to pay Benchmark at the closing of the Business Combination an advisory fee of $750,000 in two tranches. The first tranche will be $500,000 earned upon the closing of the Business Combination in the surviving public entity’s common stock (“Tranche 1”). The number of shares to be issued is calculated on the 30th day following the Closing by dividing $500,000 and the trailing 5-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock as calculated by Bloomburg with a minimum price of $2.00. The second tranche will be $250,000, at the Company’s option, in either cash or in the surviving entity’s common shares calculated by dividing $250,000 by the lowest trailing 5-day VWAP in the prior 30 days (“Tranche 2”). Upon funding of the Convertible Notes by investors introduced by Benchmark, the Company will pay to Benchmark fees in cash equal to 5% of the net proceeds of any Convertible Note draw at the time of funding of such draw (“Arrangement Fees”). The Tranche 2 fee shall be reduced by the amount of any fees paid to Benchmark for other transactions during the Term other than Arrangement Fees associated with Convertible Notes, after the Business Combination, up to $250,000. As a result of the Business Combination, Benchmark was paid in shares of the post-combination company in the amount of $500,000.
Non-Redemption Agreement
On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement (the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”), pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $1.25 million, the Investors would offer such redeeming shareholders an opportunity to rescind the redemption of their shares and would instead purchase such shares. Such purchases would be structured in compliance with the requirements of Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act or would otherwise not constitute a tender offer pursuant to the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, the Company’s trust account balance was not below $1.25 million.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Certain of our accounting policies require that management apply significant judgments in defining the appropriate assumptions integral to financial estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Judgments are based on historical experience, terms of existing contracts, industry trends and information available from outside sources, as appropriate. Some of the more significant estimates are in connection with determining the fair value of the warrant liabilities and convertible promissory note. However, by their nature, judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty, and, therefore, actual results could differ from our estimates.
Convertible Promissory Note
The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan.
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Warrant Liabilities
We account for the warrants issued in connection with the IPO in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40. Such guidance provides that because the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment thereunder, each warrant must be recorded as a liability. Accordingly, we classified each warrant as a liability at its fair value. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date. With each such re-measurement, the warrant liabilities will be adjusted to fair value, with the change in fair value recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
In determining the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate are utilized. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants.
Securities Purchase Agreement
The fair value of the Company’s securities purchase agreement is valued using Monte Carlo models on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The instrument is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Recent Accounting Standards
Standards Adopted
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require disclosures, on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating officer decision maker (“CODM”), as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The ASU requires that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Public entities will be required to provide all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this ASU and existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07, which was applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. See Note 9 for further details regarding this adoption.
Standards not yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which will require the Company to disclose specified additional information in its income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 will also require the Company to disaggregate its income taxes paid disclosure by federal, state and foreign taxes, with further disaggregation required for significant individual jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 will become effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is still reviewing the impact of ASU 2023-09.
Our management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
JOBS Act
The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, relax certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. We qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act and are allowed to comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements based on the effective date for private (not publicly traded) companies. We are electing to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards, and as a result, we may not comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. As a result, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
Additionally, we are in the process of evaluating the benefits of relying on the other reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if, as an “emerging growth company,” we choose to rely on such exemptions we may not be required to, among other things, (i) provide an independent registered public accounting firm’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404, (ii) provide all of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the PCAOB regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the independent registered public accounting firm’s report providing additional information about the audit and the condensed consolidated financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis), and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the CEO’s compensation to median employee compensation. These exemptions will apply for a period of five years following the completion of our initial public offering or until we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” whichever is earlier.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Report, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer (our “Certifying Officers”), the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2025, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Certifying Officers concluded that, as of June 30, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the existence of material weaknesses. Our internal controls did not detect an error in (i) the review of the convertible promissory notes valuation and warrant valuation, (ii) proper recording of accounts payable and accrued expenses, expensing or prepaid expenses, common stock subject to possible redemption, and the calculation of our income tax provision, and (iii) the proper safeguarding of trust assets and the monitoring process of the use of trust funds.
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, other than as described above.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
None.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
As a result of closing of the Business Combination on July 11, 2025, the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 no longer apply. For risk factors relating to our business following the Business Combination, please refer to the section “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-269417) initially filed with the SEC on January 1, 2023, as amended. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair the Company’s business or results of operations. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in the Company’s future filings with the SEC.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
The consummation of the Business Combination, and the financing transactions consummated in connection therewith, resulted in gross proceeds of $10.27 million.
The funds from the Business Combination and the related financing transactions were used for: (i) redemptions to public stockholders, (ii) cash to balance sheet, and (iii) payment of fees and expenses. The direct and indirect fees and expenses incurred were approximately $3.4 million.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not Applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
During the period covered by this Quarterly Report,
none of the Company’s directors or executive officers have
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Item 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
| No. | Description of Exhibit | |
| 31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 31.2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 32.1* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes— Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 32.2* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document | |
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | |
| * | These certifications are furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall they be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| PROFUSA, INC. | ||
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | /s/ Ben Hwang |
| Name: | Ben Hwang | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| By: | /s/ Fred Knechtel | |
| Name: | Fred Knechtel | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED
I, Ben Hwang, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Profusa, Inc.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the condensed consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
| a. | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b. | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c. | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d. | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a. | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b. | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. |
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | /s/ Ben Hwang |
| Ben Hwang | ||
| Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED
I, Fred Knechtel, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Profusa, Inc.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the condensed consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
| a. | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b. | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c. | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d. | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a. | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b. | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. |
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | /s/ Fred Knechtel |
| Fred Knechtel | ||
| Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. 1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Profusa, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Ben Hwang, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| (1) | the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: August 14, 2025
| /s/ Ben Hwang | ||
| Name: | Ben Hwang | |
| Title: | Chief
Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. 1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Profusa, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Fred Knechtel, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| (1) | the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: August 14, 2025
| /s/ Fred Knechtel | ||
| Name: | Fred Knechtel | |
| Title: | Chief
Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |