Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership 10-Q for FY2024 Q1
Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (RSTRF)
10-Q
2024-04-30
For: 2024-03-31
View Original
Added on
April 11, 2026
About this 10-Q
Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership filed this 10-Q on April 30, 2024, covering the quarter ended March 31, 2024 (FY2024 Q1).
Headline figures
Quarter ended March 31, 2024, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $1.74B
- up 9.4% from $1.59B a year earlier
- Net income
- $328M
- up 18.4% from net income of $277M a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-36787
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||||||||
(905 ) 339-6011
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None | ||||||||||||||
| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: | ||||||||||||||
| Title of each class | Trading Symbols | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
| Toronto Stock Exchange | ||||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||||||||||
Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of April 23, 2024, there were 133,595,544 Class B exchangeable limited partnership units and 202,008,287 Class A common units outstanding.
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | ||||||||
| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 2. | ||||||||
| Item 3. | ||||||||
| Item 4. | ||||||||
| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 5. | ||||||||
| Item 6. | ||||||||
3
PART I — Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except unit data)
(Unaudited)
| As of | |||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accounts and notes receivable, net of allowance of $ | |||||||||||
| Inventories, net | |||||||||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $ | |||||||||||
| Operating lease assets, net | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Other assets, net | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
| Gift card liability | |||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Finance leases, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities, net | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes, net | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Partners’ capital: | |||||||||||
Class A common units; | |||||||||||
Partnership exchangeable units; | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total Partners’ capital | |||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||
| Total equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except per unit data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to common unitholders | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per unit - basic and diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A common units | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Partnership exchangeable units | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average units outstanding - basic and diluted (in millions): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A common units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partnership exchangeable units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of net investment hedges, net of tax of $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax of $( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified to earnings of cash flow hedges, net of tax of $ | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except units)
(Unaudited)
| Class A Common Units | Partnership Exchangeable Units | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Noncontrolling Interest | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Units | Amount | Units | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($ | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($ | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares | — | ( | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital contribution from RBI | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restaurant VIE contributions (distributions) | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except units)
(Unaudited)
| Class A Common Units | Partnership Exchangeable Units | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Noncontrolling Interest | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Units | Amount | Units | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($ | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($ | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares | — | ( | ( | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital contribution from RBI | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restaurant VIE contributions (distributions) | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount | |||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | ( | ||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions | ( | ||||||||||
| Net (gains) losses on derivatives | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions: | |||||||||||
| Accounts and notes receivable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Inventories and prepaids and other current assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Tenant inducements paid to franchisees | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other long-term assets and liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Payments for property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings | |||||||||||
| Net payments from acquisition of franchised restaurants | ( | ||||||||||
| Settlement/sale of derivatives, net | |||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Distributions on Class A common and Partnership exchangeable units | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Capital contribution from RBI | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from derivatives | |||||||||||
| Other financing activities, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental cash flow disclosures: | |||||||||||
| Interest paid | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
8
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Description of Business and Organization
Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (“Partnership”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a Canadian limited partnership. We franchise and operate quick service restaurants serving premium coffee and other beverage and food products under the Tim Hortons® brand (“Tim Hortons”), fast food hamburgers principally under the Burger King® brand (“Burger King”), chicken principally under the Popeyes® brand (“Popeyes”) and sandwiches under the Firehouse Subs® brand (“Firehouse”). We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant, or QSR, companies as measured by total number of restaurants. As of March 31, 2024, we franchised or owned 5,818 Tim Hortons restaurants, 19,374 Burger King restaurants, 4,625 Popeyes restaurants and 1,296 Firehouse Subs restaurants, for a total of 31,113 restaurants, and operate in more than 120 countries and territories. As of March 31, 2024, nearly all of the current system-wide restaurants are franchised.
We are a subsidiary of Restaurant Brands International Inc. (“RBI”). RBI is our sole general partner, and as such, RBI has the exclusive right, power and authority to manage, control, administer and operate the business and affairs and to make decisions regarding the undertaking and business of Partnership in accordance with the partnership agreement of Partnership (“partnership agreement”) and applicable laws.
All references to “$” or “dollars” are to the currency of the United States unless otherwise indicated. All references to “Canadian dollars” or “C$” are to the currency of Canada unless otherwise indicated.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “Financial Statements”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. Therefore, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
The Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. Investments in other affiliates that are owned 50% or less where we have significant influence are accounted for by the equity method. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the Financial Statements. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and related rules and regulations of the SEC requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
9
Supplier Finance Programs
Our TH business includes individually negotiated contracts with suppliers, which include payment terms that range up to 120 days. A global financial institution offers a voluntary supply chain finance (“SCF”) program to certain TH vendors, which provides suppliers that elect to participate with the ability to elect early payment, which is discounted based on the payment terms and a rate based on RBI's credit rating, which may be beneficial to the vendor. Participation in the SCF program is at the sole discretion of the suppliers and financial institution and we are not a party to the arrangements between the suppliers and the financial institution. Our obligations to suppliers are not affected by the suppliers’ decisions to participate in the SCF program and our payment terms remain the same based on the original supplier invoicing terms and conditions. No guarantees are provided by us or any of our subsidiaries in connection with the SCF Program.
Note 3. New Accounting Pronouncements
Segment Reporting – In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance that expands segment disclosures for public entities, including requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses reported measures of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. The new guidance also expands disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets in interim periods and clarifies that a public entity may report additional measures of segment profit if the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss. The new guidance does not remove existing segment disclosure requirements or change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or determines its reportable segments. The guidance is effective for annual disclosures for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and subsequent interim periods with early adoption permitted, and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our disclosures upon adoption and expect to provide additional detail and disclosures under this new guidance.
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures – In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance that expands income tax disclosures for public entities, including requiring enhanced disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The guidance is effective for annual disclosures for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The guidance should be applied on a prospective basis, with retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our disclosures upon adoption and expect to provide additional detail and disclosures under this new guidance.
Note 4. Leases
Property revenues consist primarily of lease income from operating leases and earned income on direct financing leases and sales-type leases with franchisees as follows (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lease income - operating leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum lease payments | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable lease payments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal - lease income from operating leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earned income on direct financing and sales-type leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total property revenues | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
10
Note 5. Revenue Recognition
Contract Liabilities
| Contract Liabilities | ||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| Recognized during period and included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year | ( | |||||||
| Increase, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period | ||||||||
| Impact of foreign currency translation | ( | |||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | |||||||
The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) on a consolidated basis as of March 31, 2024 (in millions):
| Contract liabilities expected to be recognized in | ||||||||||||||
| Remainder of 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||
| 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||||||||
Disaggregation of Total Revenues
As described in Note 16, Segment Reporting, during the fourth quarter of 2023, we revised our internal reporting structure, which resulted in a change to our operating and reportable segments. As a result, we manage each of our brands’ United States and Canada operations as an operating and reportable segment and our international operations as an operating and reportable segment.
The following tables disaggregate revenue by segment (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | BK | PLK | FHS | INTL | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise fees and other revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | BK | PLK | FHS | INTL | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise fees and other revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 6. Earnings per Unit
Partnership uses the two-class method in the computation of earnings per unit. Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, RBI, as the holder of the Class A common units, is entitled to receive distributions from Partnership in an amount equal to the aggregate dividends payable by RBI to holders of RBI common shares, and the holders of Class B exchangeable limited partnership units (the “Partnership exchangeable units”) are entitled to receive distributions from Partnership in an amount per unit equal to the dividends payable by RBI on each RBI common share. Partnership’s net income available to common unitholders is allocated between the Class A common units and Partnership exchangeable units on a fully-distributed basis and reflects residual net income after noncontrolling interests. Basic and diluted earnings per Class A common unit is determined by dividing net income allocated to Class A common unit holders by the weighted average number of Class A common units outstanding for the period. Basic and diluted earnings per Partnership exchangeable unit is determined by dividing net income allocated to the Partnership exchangeable units by the weighted average number of Partnership exchangeable units outstanding during the period.
There are no dilutive securities for Partnership as RBI equity awards will not affect the number of Class A common units or Partnership exchangeable units outstanding. However, the issuance of RBI shares by RBI in future periods will affect the allocation of net income attributable to common unitholders between Partnership’s Class A common units and Partnership exchangeable units.
The following table summarizes the basic and diluted earnings per unit calculations (in millions, except per unit amounts):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net income among partner interests: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income allocated to Class A common unitholders | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income allocated to Partnership exchangeable unitholders | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to common unitholders | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator - basic and diluted partnership units: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average Class A common units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average Partnership exchangeable units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per unit - basic and diluted: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A common units (a) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Partnership exchangeable units (a) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
(a) Earnings per unit may not recalculate exactly as it is calculated based on unrounded numbers.
12
Note 7. Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill
Intangible assets, net and goodwill consist of the following (in millions):
| As of | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Identifiable assets subject to amortization: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreements | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorable leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tim Hortons brand | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Burger King brand | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Popeyes brand | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Firehouse Subs brand | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH segment | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BK segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $9
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Note 8. Equity Method Investments
The aggregate carrying amounts of our equity method investments were $160 million and $163 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and are included as a component of Other assets, net in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Except for the following equity method investments, no quoted market prices are available for our other equity method investments. The aggregate market value of our 14.7 % equity interest in Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. (“Carrols”) based on the quoted market price on March 31, 2024 was approximately $90 million. Refer to Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, for a description of the announced Carrols acquisition. The aggregate market value of our 9.4 % equity interest in BK Brasil Operação e Assessoria a Restaurantes S.A. based on the quoted market price on March 31, 2024 was approximately $18 million. The aggregate market value of our 4.2 % equity interest in TH International Limited based on the quoted market price on March 31, 2024 was approximately $8 million.
We have equity interests in entities that own or franchise Tim Hortons, Burger King and Popeyes restaurants. Sales, franchise and property revenues recognized from franchisees that are owned or franchised by entities in which we have an equity interest consist of the following (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues from affiliates: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise fees and other revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $59 million and $61 million, respectively, of accounts receivable, net from our equity method investments which were recorded in Accounts and notes receivable, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
With respect to our TH business, the most significant equity method investment is our 50 % joint venture interest with The Wendy’s Company (the “TIMWEN Partnership”), which jointly holds real estate underlying Canadian combination restaurants. Distributions received from this joint venture were $3 million and $2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Associated with the TIMWEN Partnership, we recognized $5 million and $4 million of rent expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
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Note 9. Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Liabilities, net
Other accrued liabilities (current) and Other liabilities, net (noncurrent) consist of the following (in millions):
| As of | |||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Current: | |||||||||||
| Distribution payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Interest payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | |||||||||||
| Taxes payable | |||||||||||
| Deferred income | |||||||||||
| Accrued advertising expenses | |||||||||||
| Restructuring and other provisions | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Noncurrent: | |||||||||||
| Taxes payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Contract liabilities | |||||||||||
| Derivatives liabilities | |||||||||||
| Unfavorable leases | |||||||||||
| Accrued pension | |||||||||||
| Deferred income | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Note 10. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (in millions):
| As of | |||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Term Loan B | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Term Loan A | |||||||||||
| TH Facility and other | |||||||||||
| Less: unamortized deferred financing costs and deferred issue discount | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total debt, net | |||||||||||
| Less: current maturities of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total long-term debt | $ | $ | |||||||||
15
Revolving Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2024, we had no amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, had $2 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, and our borrowing availability under our Revolving Credit Facility was $1,248 million. Funds available under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used to repay other debt, finance debt or RBI share repurchases or repurchases of Partnership exchangeable units, fund acquisitions or capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes. We have a $125 million letter of credit sublimit as part of the Revolving Credit Facility, which reduces our borrowing availability thereunder by the cumulative amount of outstanding letters of credit.
TH Facility
Restrictions and Covenants
As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under our senior secured term loan facilities and Revolving Credit Facility (together the "Credit Facilities"), the TH Facility, and the indentures governing our Senior Notes.
Fair Value Measurement
The following table presents the fair value of our variable rate term debt and senior notes, estimated using inputs based on bid and offer prices that are Level 2 inputs, and principal carrying amount (in millions):
| As of | |||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Fair value of our variable term debt and senior notes | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Principal carrying amount of our variable term debt and senior notes | |||||||||||
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net consists of the following (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt (a) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance lease obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Amount includes $11 million and $15 million benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to the quarterly net settlements of our cross-currency rate swaps and amortization of the Excluded Component as defined in Note 13, Derivative Instruments.
Note 11. Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 17.2 % for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The effective tax rate during this period was primarily the result of the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions, the impact of internal financing arrangements, equity-based compensation and recently implemented Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development related tax changes.
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Note 12. Equity
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Partnership exchanged 2,220 Partnership exchangeable units pursuant to exchange notices received. In accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement, Partnership satisfied the exchange notices by exchanging these Partnership exchangeable units for the same number of newly issued RBI common shares. In connection with an amendment to the partnership agreement, Partnership exchangeable units exchanged for RBI common shares subsequent to December 31, 2023 also result in the issuance of additional Class A common units to RBI in an amount equal to the number of RBI common shares exchanged. The issuances of shares were accounted for as capital contributions by RBI to Partnership. The exchanges of Partnership exchangeable units were recorded as increases to the Class A common units balance within partners’ capital in our consolidated balance sheet in an amount equal to the market value of the newly issued RBI common shares and a reduction to the Partnership exchangeable units balance within partners’ capital of our consolidated balance sheet in an amount equal to the cash paid by Partnership, if any, and the market value of the newly issued RBI common shares. Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, upon the exchange of Partnership exchangeable units, each such Partnership exchangeable unit is automatically deemed cancelled concurrently with the exchange.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table displays the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) (in millions):
| Derivatives | Pensions | Foreign Currency Translation | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in fair value of derivatives, net of tax | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified to earnings of cash flow hedges, net of tax | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Note 13. Derivative Instruments
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and derivatives designated as net investment hedges. We use derivatives to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Swaps
At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $3,500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities, including any subsequent refinancing or replacement of the Term Loan Facilities, beginning August 31, 2021 through the termination date of October 31, 2028. Additionally, at March 31, 2024, we also had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities effective September 30, 2019 through the termination date of September 30, 2026. Following the discontinuance of the U.S. dollar LIBOR after June 30, 2023, the interest rate on all these interest rate swaps transitioned from LIBOR to SOFR, with no impact to hedge effectiveness and no change in accounting treatment as a result of applicable accounting relief guidance for the transition away from LIBOR. At inception, all of these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges for hedge accounting. The unrealized changes in market value are recorded in AOCI, net of tax, and reclassified into interest expense during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The net amount of pre-tax gains in connection with these net unrealized gains in AOCI as of March 31, 2024 that we expect to be reclassified into interest expense within the next 12 months is $129 million.
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Cross-Currency Rate Swaps
To protect the value of our investments in our foreign operations against adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, we hedge a portion of our net investment in one or more of our foreign subsidiaries by using cross-currency rate swaps. At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar and the euro and U.S. dollar that have been designated as net investment hedges of a portion of our equity in foreign operations in those currencies. The component of the gains and losses on our net investment in these designated foreign operations driven by changes in foreign exchange rates are economically partly offset by movements in the fair value of our cross-currency swap contracts. The fair value of the swaps is calculated each period with changes in fair value reported in AOCI, net of tax. Such amounts will remain in AOCI until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of our investment in the underlying foreign operations.
At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swaps that we entered into during 2022 to partially hedge the net investment in our Canadian subsidiaries. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated as a hedge and are accounted for as net investment hedges. These swaps are contracts in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional amount of $5,000 million through the maturity date of September 30, 2028.
At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the euro and U.S. dollar in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar aggregate amount of $2,750 million, of which $1,400 million have a maturity date of October 31, 2026, $1,200 million have a maturity date of November 30, 2028, and $150 million have a maturity date of October 31, 2028. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated and continue to be hedges and are accounted for as a net investment hedge. During 2023, we settled our previously existing cross-currency rate swaps in which we paid quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the euro notional value of €1,108 million and receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional value of $1,200 million and an original maturity date of February 17, 2024. During 2023, we also settled our previously existing cross-currency rate swap contracts between the euro and U.S. dollar with a notional value of $900 million and an original maturity date of February 17, 2024.
In connection with the cross-currency rate swaps hedging Canadian dollar and euro net investments, we utilize the spot method to exclude the interest component (the “Excluded Component”) from the accounting hedge without affecting net investment hedge accounting and amortize the Excluded Component over the life of the derivative instrument. The amortization of the Excluded Component is recognized in Interest expense, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. The change in fair value that is not related to the Excluded Component is recorded in AOCI and will be reclassified to earnings when the foreign subsidiaries are sold or substantially liquidated.
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
We use foreign exchange derivative instruments to manage the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations on U.S. dollar purchases and payments, such as coffee purchases made by our Canadian Tim Hortons operations. At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding forward currency contracts to manage this risk in which we sell Canadian dollars and buy U.S. dollars with a notional value of $168 million with maturities to May 15, 2025. We have designated these instruments as cash flow hedges, and as such, the unrealized changes in market value of effective hedges are recorded in AOCI and are reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
Credit Risk
By entering into derivative contracts, we are exposed to counterparty credit risk. Counterparty credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is in an asset position, the counterparty has a liability to us, which creates credit risk for us. We attempt to minimize this risk by selecting counterparties with investment grade credit ratings and regularly monitoring our market position with each counterparty.
Credit-Risk Related Contingent Features
Our derivative instruments do not contain any credit-risk related contingent features.
Quantitative Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present the required quantitative disclosures for our derivative instruments, including their estimated fair values (all estimated using Level 2 inputs) and their location on our condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
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| Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Forward-currency contracts | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cross-currency rate swaps | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1) We did not exclude any components from the cash flow hedge relationships presented in this table.
| Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Earnings | Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Earnings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Interest expense, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forward-currency contracts | Cost of sales | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings | Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings (Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cross-currency rate swaps | Interest expense, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value as of | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | Balance Sheet Location | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate | $ | $ | Other assets, net | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency | Prepaids and other current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency | Other assets, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets at fair value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency | $ | $ | Other accrued liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency | Other liabilities, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities at fair value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Note 14. Other Operating Expenses (Income), net
Other operating expenses (income), net consists of the following (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation settlements (gains) and reserves, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings represent sales of properties and other costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange is primarily related to revaluation of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily those denominated in euros and Canadian dollars.
Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies
Acquisition of Carrols Restaurant Group
On January 16, 2024, we announced that we have reached an agreement to acquire all of Carrols issued and outstanding shares that are not already held by RBI or its affiliates for $9.55 per share in an all cash transaction, or an aggregate total enterprise value of approximately $1.0 billion. Carrols is the largest Burger King franchisee in the U.S. today, currently operating approximately 1,020 Burger King restaurants and approximately 60 Popeyes restaurants.
The transaction is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2024 and is subject to customary closing conditions, including approval by the holders of the majority of common stock held by Carrols stockholders excluding shares held by RBI and its affiliates and officers of Carrols in addition to approval by holders of a majority of outstanding common stock of Carrols.
The transaction is not subject to a financing contingency and is expected to be financed with cash on hand of approximately $230 million and term loan debt. We secured financing whereby lenders will provide an additional $750 million of Term Loan B loans on the same terms as the existing Term Loan B under our Credit Agreement, subject to the closing of the Carrols acquisition.
Litigation
From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business relating to matters including, but not limited to, disputes with franchisees, suppliers, employees and customers, as well as disputes over our intellectual property.
On October 5, 2018, a class action complaint was filed against Burger King Worldwide, Inc. (“BKW”) and Burger King Company, successor in interest, (“BKC”) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Jarvis Arrington, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On October 18, 2018, a second class action complaint was filed against RBI, BKW and BKC in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Monique Michel, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On October 31, 2018, a third class action complaint was filed against BKC and BKW in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Geneva Blanchard and Tiffany Miller, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On November 2, 2018, a fourth class action complaint was filed against RBI, BKW and BKC in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Sandra Munster, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. These complaints have been consolidated and allege that the defendants violated Section 1 of the Sherman Act by incorporating an employee no-solicitation and no-hiring clause in the standard form franchise agreement all Burger King franchisees are required to sign. Each plaintiff seeks injunctive relief and damages for himself or herself and other members of
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the class. On March 24, 2020, the Court granted BKC’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim and on April 20, 2020 the plaintiffs filed a motion for leave to amend their complaint. On April 27, 2020, BKC filed a motion opposing the motion for leave to amend. The court denied the plaintiffs motion for leave to amend their complaint in August 2020 and the plaintiffs appealed this ruling. In August 2022, the federal appellate court reversed the lower court's decision to dismiss the case and remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings. While we intend to vigorously defend these claims, we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this case or estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
On April 23, 2024, a purported shareholder of Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. (“CRG”), filed a complaint against CRG, its directors, RBI and BK Cheshire Corp. (our wholly-owned merger subsidiary) in the Supreme Court of the State of New York County of Westchester. The complaint alleges various breaches under Delaware law of fiduciary duties by the CRG directors and disclosure obligations by CRG with respect to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 16, 2024 among RBI, BK Cheshire Corp. and CRG (the “Merger Agreement”). In addition, the complaint alleges that RBI aided and abetted these breaches through its actions in negotiating the transaction and assistance in the dissemination of proxy statement related to the stockholder approval of the Merger Agreement. The complaint seeks, among other things, to enjoin the stockholder vote to approve the Merger Agreement and/or the consummation of the sale pending resolution of the complaint as well as compensatory and/or rescissory damages and fees and expenses. We intend to vigorously defend these claims, however, we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this case, estimate the range of possible loss, if any, or whether such complaint could adversely affect our ability to consummate the Merger Agreement.
Note 16. Segment Reporting
As stated in Note 1, Description of Business and Organization, we manage four brands. Under the Tim Hortons brand, we operate in the donut/coffee/tea category of the quick service segment of the restaurant industry. Under the Burger King brand, we operate in the fast food hamburger restaurant category of the quick service segment of the restaurant industry. Under the Popeyes brand, we operate in the chicken category of the quick service segment of the restaurant industry. Under the Firehouse Subs brand, we operate in the specialty subs category of the quick service segment of the restaurant industry.
We generate revenues from the following sources: (i) sales, consisting primarily of (1) Tim Hortons supply chain sales, which represent sales of products, supplies and restaurant equipment to franchisees, as well as sales of consumer packaged goods (“CPG”), and (2) sales at Company restaurants; (ii) franchise revenues, consisting primarily of royalties based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants and franchise fees paid by franchisees; (iii) property revenues from properties we lease or sublease to franchisees; and (iv) advertising revenues and other services, consisting primarily of (1) advertising fund contributions based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants to fund advertising expenses and (2) tech fees and revenues that vary by market and partially offset expenses related to technology initiatives. All Tim Hortons global supply chain sales, including coffee to International franchisees, are included in the TH segment.
During the fourth quarter of 2023, we revised our internal reporting structure, which resulted in a change to our operating and reportable segments. As a result, we manage each of our brands’ United States and Canada operations as an operating and reportable segment and our international operations as a separate operating and reportable segment.
Consequently, we have five five operating segments represent our reportable segments. Prior year amounts presented have been reclassified to conform to this new segment presentation with no effect on previously reported consolidated results.
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The following tables present revenues, by segment and by country (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues by operating segment: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| BK | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues by country (a): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| United States | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Only Canada and the United States represented 10
In connection with our change in operating and reportable segments, we also transitioned our definition of segment income from Adjusted EBITDA to Adjusted Operating Income which represents income from operations adjusted to exclude (i) franchise agreement amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net and, (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the announced acquisition of Carrols consisting primarily of professional fees (“CRG Transaction costs”); (ii) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the acquisition of Firehouse consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation-related expenses and integration costs (“FHS Transaction costs”); and (iii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”). Unlike Adjusted EBITDA, our previous measure of segment income, Adjusted Operating Income includes depreciation and amortization (excluding franchise agreement amortization) as well as share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense. Prior year amounts presented have been reclassified to conform to this new segment income presentation with no effect on previously reported consolidated results.
22
Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. A reconciliation of segment income to net income consists of the following (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| BK | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRG Transaction costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS Transaction costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate restructuring and advisory fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of equity method investments (a) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in segment income.
Note 17. Supplemental Financial Information
1011778 B.C. Unlimited Liability Company (the “Parent Issuer”) and New Red Finance Inc. (the “Co-Issuer” and together with the Parent Issuer, the “Issuers”) entered into an amended credit agreement, as amended from time to time, that provides for obligations under the Credit Facilities. The Issuers entered into the 3.875 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 3.875 % First Lien Senior Notes due 2028. The Issuers entered into the 3.500 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 3.500 % First Lien Senior Notes due 2029. The Issuers entered into the 5.750 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 5.750 % First Lien Senior Notes due 2025. The Issuers entered into the 4.375 % Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 4.375 % Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028. The Issuers entered into the 4.000 % Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 4.000 % Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030.
The agreement governing our Credit Facilities, the 3.875 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 3.500 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 5.750 % First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 4.375 % Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture and the 4.000 % Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture allow the financial reporting obligation of the Parent Issuer to be satisfied through the reporting of Partnership’s consolidated financial information, provided that the consolidated financial information of the Parent Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries is presented on a standalone basis.
The following represents the condensed consolidating financial information for the Parent Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries (“Consolidated Borrowers”) on a consolidated basis, together with eliminations, as of and for the periods indicated. The condensed consolidating financial information of Partnership is combined with the financial information of its wholly-owned subsidiaries that are also parent entities of the Parent Issuer and presented in a single column under the heading “RBILP”. The consolidating financial information may not necessarily be indicative of the financial position, results of operations or cash flows had the Issuers and Partnership operated as independent entities.
23
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
As of March 31, 2024
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and notes receivable, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease assets, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intercompany receivable | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gift card liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance leases, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payables to affiliates | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partners’ capital: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A common units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partnership exchangeable units | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common shares | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Partners' capital/shareholders' equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
24
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
As of December 31, 2023
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and notes receivable, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease assets. net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intercompany receivable | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gift card liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance leases, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payables to affiliates | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partners’ capital: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A common units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partnership exchangeable units | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common shares | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Partners' capital/shareholders' equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
25
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
26
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
27
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Three months ended March 31, 2024
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in loss (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (gains) losses on derivatives | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and notes receivable | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories and prepaids and other current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Tenant inducements paid to franchisees | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term assets and liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments for property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net payments from acquisition of franchised restaurants | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement/sale of derivatives, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions on Class A common and Partnership exchangeable units | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital contribution from RBI | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions from subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from derivatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other financing activities, net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
| Consolidated Borrowers | RBILP | Eliminations | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in loss (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (gains) losses on derivatives | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and notes receivable | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories and prepaids and other current assets | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts and drafts payable | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Tenant inducements paid to franchisees | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term assets and liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments for property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement/sale of derivatives, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions on Class A common and Partnership exchangeable units | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital contribution from RBI | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions from subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from derivatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
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Note 18. Subsequent Events
Cash Distributions/Dividends
On April 4, 2024, RBI paid a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share to common shareholders of record on March 21, 2024. Partnership made a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares and also made a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.58 per exchangeable unit to holders of record on March 21, 2024.
*****
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 “Financial Statements” of this report.
The following discussion includes information regarding future financial performance and plans, targets, aspirations, expectations, and objectives of management, which constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities laws as described in further detail under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” set forth below. Actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Please refer to the risks and further discussion in the “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below.
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”). However, this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations also contains certain non-GAAP financial measures to assist readers in understanding our performance. Non-GAAP financial measures either exclude or include amounts that are not reflected in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Where non-GAAP financial measures are used, we have provided the most directly comparable measures calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, a reconciliation to GAAP measures and a discussion of the reasons why management believes this information is useful to it and may be useful to investors.
Operating results for any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other quarter or for the fiscal year and our operating metrics, as discussed below, may decrease for any future period. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “Partnership”, “we”, “us” or “our” are to Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership and its subsidiaries, collectively.
Overview
We are a Canadian limited partnership that serves as the indirect holding company for the entities that own and franchise the Tim Hortons®, Burger King®, Popeyes® and Firehouse Subs® brands. We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant (“QSR”) companies with over $40 billion in annual system-wide sales and over 30,000 restaurants in more than 120 countries and territories as of March 31, 2024. Our Tim Hortons®, Burger King®, Popeyes®, and Firehouse Subs® brands have similar franchised business models with complementary daypart mixes and product platforms. Our four iconic brands are managed independently while benefiting from global scale and sharing of best practices.
Tim Hortons restaurants are quick service restaurants with a menu that includes premium blend coffee, tea, espresso-based hot and cold specialty drinks, fresh baked goods, including donuts, Timbits®, bagels, muffins, cookies and pastries, sandwiches, wraps, soups and more. Burger King restaurants are quick service restaurants that feature flame-grilled hamburgers, chicken and other specialty sandwiches, french fries, soft drinks and other food items. Popeyes restaurants are quick service restaurants that distinguish themselves with a unique “Louisiana” style menu featuring fried chicken, chicken sandwiches, chicken tenders, wings, fried shrimp and other seafood, red beans and rice and other regional items. Firehouse Subs restaurants are quick service restaurants featuring hot and hearty subs piled high with quality meats and cheese as well as chopped salads, chili and soups, signature and other sides, soft drinks and local specialties.
On January 16, 2024, we announced that we have reached an agreement to acquire all of Carrols Restaurant Group Inc. (“Carrols”) issued and outstanding shares that are not held by RBI or its affiliates. The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2024 and is subject to customary closing conditions. In connection with the announced acquisition of Carrols, we incurred certain non-recurring fees and expenses (“CRG Transaction costs”) totaling $4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, consisting primarily of professional fees, all of which are classified as general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. We expect to incur additional CRG Transaction costs through 2024 as we complete the acquisition and the integration of the operations of Carrols.
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We report results under five operating and reportable segments consisting of the following:
1.Tim Hortons – operations of our Tim Hortons brand in Canada and the U.S. (“TH”);
2.Burger King – operations of our Burger King brand in the U.S. and Canada (“BK”);
3.Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen – operations of our Popeyes brand in the U.S. and Canada (“PLK”);
4.Firehouse Subs – operations of our Firehouse Subs brand in the U.S. and Canada (“FHS”); and
5.International – operations of each of our brands outside the U.S. and Canada (“INTL”).
We generate revenues from the following sources: (i) sales, consisting primarily of (1) Tim Hortons supply chain sales, which represent sales of products, supplies and restaurant equipment to franchisees, as well as sales of consumer packaged goods (“CPG”), and (2) sales at Company restaurants; (ii) franchise revenues, consisting primarily of royalties based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants and franchise fees paid by franchisees; (iii) property revenues from properties we lease or sublease to franchisees; and (iv) advertising revenues and other services, consisting primarily of (1) advertising fund contributions based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants to fund advertising expenses and (2) tech fees and revenues that vary by market and partially offset expenses related to technology initiatives. All Tim Hortons global supply chain sales, including coffee to International franchisees, are included in the TH segment.
Operating costs and expenses for our segments include:
•cost of sales comprised of (i) costs associated with the management of our Tim Hortons supply chain, including cost of goods, direct labor, depreciation, and cost of CPG products sold to retailers as well as (ii) food, paper and labor costs of Company restaurants;
•franchise and property expenses comprised primarily of depreciation of properties leased to franchisees, rental expense associated with properties subleased to franchisees, amortization of franchise agreements, and bad debt expense (recoveries);
•advertising expenses and other services comprised primarily of expenses relating to marketing, advertising and promotion, including market research, production, advertising costs, sales promotions, social media campaigns, technology initiatives, depreciation and amortization and other related support functions for the respective brands. We generally manage advertising expenses to equal advertising revenues in the long term, however in some periods there may be a mismatch in the timing of revenues and expenses or higher expenses due to our support initiatives behind marketing programs; and
•segment general and administrative expenses (“Segment G&A”) comprised primarily of salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees, professional fees, information technology systems, general overhead for our corporate offices, share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense, and depreciation and amortization.
32
Key Operating Metrics
We evaluate our restaurants and assess our business based on the following operating metrics:
•System-wide sales growth refers to the percentage change in sales at all franchised restaurants and Company restaurants (referred to as system-wide sales) in one period from the same period in the prior year.
•Comparable sales refers to the percentage change in restaurant sales in one period from the same prior year period for restaurants that have been open for 13 months or longer for Tim Hortons, Burger King and Firehouse Subs and 17 months or longer for Popeyes. Additionally, if a restaurant is closed for a significant portion of a month, the restaurant is excluded from the monthly comparable sales calculation.
•System-wide sales growth and comparable sales are measured on a constant currency basis, which means the results exclude the effect of foreign currency translation (“FX Impact”). For system-wide sales growth and comparable sales, we calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates.
•Unless otherwise stated, system-wide sales growth, system-wide sales and comparable sales are presented on a system-wide basis, which means they include franchised restaurants and Company restaurants. System-wide results are driven by our franchised restaurants, as nearly all system-wide restaurants are franchised. Franchise sales represent sales at all franchised restaurants and are revenues to our franchisees. We do not record franchise sales as revenues; however, our royalty revenues and advertising fund contributions are calculated based on a percentage of franchise sales.
•Net restaurant growth refers to the net change in restaurant count (openings, net of permanent closures) over a trailing twelve month period, divided by the restaurant count at the beginning of the trailing twelve month period. In determining whether a restaurant meets our definition of a restaurant that will be included in our net restaurant growth, we consider factors such as scope of operations, format and image, separate franchise agreement, and minimum sales thresholds. We refer to restaurants that do not meet our definition as “alternative formats.” These alternative formats are helpful to build brand awareness, test new concepts and provide convenience in certain markets.
These metrics are important indicators of the overall direction of our business, including trends in sales and the effectiveness of each brand’s marketing, operations and growth initiatives.
33
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key Operating Metrics | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| System-wide sales growth | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | 7.8 | % | 16.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| BK | 2.6 | % | 8.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 10.4 | % | 9.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 4.3 | % | 8.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 11.6 | % | 21.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 8.1 | % | 14.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| System-wide sales (in US$ millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | $ | 1,725 | $ | 1,596 | |||||||||||||||||||
| BK | $ | 2,753 | $ | 2,684 | |||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | $ | 1,517 | $ | 1,374 | |||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | $ | 301 | $ | 289 | |||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | $ | 4,216 | $ | 3,889 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | 10,512 | $ | 9,832 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Comparable sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | 6.9 | % | 14.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| BK | 3.8 | % | 8.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 5.7 | % | 3.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 0.3 | % | 6.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 4.2 | % | 12.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 4.6 | % | 10.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net restaurant growth | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | — | % | (0.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| BK | (2.4) | % | (1.3) | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 4.7 | % | 6.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 3.6 | % | 2.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 8.4 | % | 8.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 3.9 | % | 4.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restaurant count | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | 4,505 | 4,507 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| BK | 7,139 | 7,317 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 3,412 | 3,260 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 1,277 | 1,233 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 14,780 | 13,639 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | 31,113 | 29,956 | |||||||||||||||||||||
34
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
Tabular amounts in millions of U.S. dollars unless noted otherwise. Total revenues and segment income for each segment may not calculate exactly due to rounding.
| Consolidated | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 729 | $ | 668 | $ | 61 | $ | 2 | $ | 59 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 712 | 668 | 44 | (3) | 47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 298 | 254 | 44 | — | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 1,739 | 1,590 | 149 | (1) | 150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 606 | 550 | (56) | (1) | (55) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 126 | 123 | (3) | — | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 311 | 271 | (40) | (1) | (39) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 173 | 175 | 2 | (1) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Income) loss from equity method investments | (3) | 7 | 10 | — | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | (18) | 17 | 35 | (1) | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses | 1,195 | 1,143 | (52) | (4) | (48) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 544 | 447 | 97 | (5) | 102 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | 148 | 142 | (6) | — | (6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 396 | 305 | 91 | (5) | 96 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 68 | 28 | (40) | — | (40) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 328 | $ | 277 | $ | 51 | $ | (5) | $ | 56 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a)We calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates. We analyze these results on a constant currency basis as this helps identify underlying business trends, without distortion from the effects of currency movements.
Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in sales was primarily driven by an increase of $39 million in our BK segment, an increase of $18 million in our TH segment, an increase of $2 million in our PLK segment, and a favorable FX Impact of $2 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in cost of sales was primarily driven by an increase of $35 million in our BK segment, an increase of $19 million in our TH segment, and an unfavorable FX Impact of $1 million.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property revenues was primarily driven by an increase of $19 million in our INTL segment, an increase of $17 million in our TH segment, an increase of $7 million in our PLK segment, an increase of $3 million in our BK segment, and an increase of $2 million in our FHS segment, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact of $3 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property expenses was primarily driven by an increase of $4 million in our INTL segment and an increase of $3 million in our TH segment, partially offset by a decrease of $3 million in our BK segment.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising revenues and other services was primarily driven by an increase of $11 million in our BK segment, an increase of $10 million in our FHS segment, an increase of $9 million in our PLK segment, an increase of $8 million in our TH segment, and an increase of $5 million in our INTL segment.
35
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising expenses and other services was primarily driven by an increase of $11 million in our FHS segment, an increase of $10 million in our PLK segment, an increase of $9 million in our BK segment, an increase of $5 million in our TH segment, an increase of $5 million in our INTL segment, and an unfavorable FX Impact of $1 million.
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses consisted of the following:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (b): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | $ | 42 | $ | 37 | $ | (5) | (14) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BK | 36 | 34 | (2) | (6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 22 | 21 | (1) | (5) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 14 | 13 | (1) | (8) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 53 | 46 | (7) | (15) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRG Transaction costs | 4 | — | (4) | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS Transaction costs | — | 19 | 19 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate restructuring and advisory fees | 2 | 5 | 3 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | 173 | $ | 175 | $ | 2 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NM - Not meaningful
(b)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $46 million and $45 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Segment G&A excludes income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities, such as CRG Transaction costs, FHS Transaction costs (as defined below) and Corporate restructuring and advisory fees (as defined below).
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by the non-recurrence of FHS Transaction costs and a decrease in Corporate restructuring and advisory fees, partially offset by an increase in segment G&A and CRG Transaction costs.
In connection with the acquisition and integration of Firehouse Subs, we incurred certain non-recurring fees and expenses (“FHS Transaction costs”) consisting of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs. We did not incur any additional FHS Transaction costs subsequent to March 31, 2023 and do not expect to incur any additional FHS Transaction costs in the future.
In connection with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movement within our structure as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations, we incurred non-operating expenses primarily from professional advisory and consulting services (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”).
(Income) Loss from Equity Method Investments
(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss and non-cash dilution gains or losses from changes in our ownership interests in equity method investees.
The change in (income) loss from equity method investments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 reflects changes in earnings of our equity method investments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.
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Other Operating Expenses (Income), net
Our other operating expenses (income), net consisted of the following:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings | $ | 2 | $ | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation settlements (gains) and reserves, net | — | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange | (23) | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other, net | 3 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | $ | (18) | $ | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings represent sales of properties and other costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange are primarily related to revaluation of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily those denominated in euros and Canadian dollars.
Other, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is primarily related to payments in connection with FHS area representative buyouts.
Interest Expense, net
Our interest expense, net and the weighted average interest rate on our long-term debt were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | 148 | $ | 142 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average interest rate on long-term debt | 5.0 | % | 4.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, interest expense, net increased primarily due to an increase in the weighted average interest rate driven by increases in interest rates which impacts our variable rate debt and the impact of our September 2023 term loan refinancing.
Income Tax Expense
Our effective tax rate was 17.2% and 9.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily due to a favorable structural change benefiting 2023, unfavorable impacts of recently implemented Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development related tax changes and changes in the mix of income from multiple jurisdictions, partially offset by incremental excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation.
Net Income
We reported net income of $328 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to net income of $277 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in net income is primarily due to a $35 million favorable change in the results from other operating expenses (income), net, the non-recurrence of $19 million of FHS Transaction costs, a $12 million increase in TH segment income, a $10 million increase in BK segment income, a $9 million favorable change from the impact of equity method investments, a $7 million increase in PLK segment income, a $5 million increase in INTL segment income, a $3 million decrease in Corporate restructuring and advisory fees, and a $1 million increase in FHS segment income. These factors were partially offset by a $40 million increase in income tax expense, a $6 million increase in interest expense, net and $4 million of CRG Transaction costs. Amounts above include a total unfavorable FX Impact to net income of $5 million.
37
Macro Economic Environment
During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were increases in commodity, labor, and energy costs which have resulted in increases in inflation, foreign exchange volatility, rising interest rates and general softening in the consumer environment which have been exacerbated by conflicts in the Middle East. These pressures could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations if we and our franchisees are not able to manage costs effectively without negatively impacting consumers.
Segment Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
| TH Segment | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 637 | $ | 618 | $ | 20 | $ | 2 | $ | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 231 | 213 | 17 | 1 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 70 | 62 | 8 | — | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 939 | 893 | 45 | 2 | 43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 526 | 505 | (20) | (1) | (19) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 81 | 79 | (3) | — | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 70 | 65 | (5) | — | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (a) | 42 | 37 | (5) | — | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization (b) | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash distributions received from equity method investments | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 224 | 212 | 12 | 1 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $12 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
(b)Franchise agreement amortization is included in franchise and property expenses.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in TH system-wide sales of 7.8% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 6.9%, including Canada comparable sales of 7.5%.
Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in sales was primarily driven by increases in supply chain sales, mainly due to increases in system-wide sales, increases in equipment sales, and a favorable FX Impact, partially offset by a decrease in CPG sales as a result of increases in promotional activity and trade investments.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in cost of sales was primarily driven by increases in supply chain sales, increases in equipment sales, an increase in supply chain bad debt expense and an unfavorable FX Impact.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property revenues was primarily driven by increases in royalties and rent, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, and a favorable FX Impact.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property expenses was primarily driven by an increase in rent expense as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising revenues and other services was primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions by franchisees, as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
38
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising expenses and other services was driven primarily by an increases in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in Segment G&A was primarily driven by higher salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees and an increase in professional fees.
| BK Segment | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 58 | $ | 19 | $ | 39 | $ | — | $ | 39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 175 | 172 | 3 | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 117 | 106 | 11 | — | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 350 | 297 | 53 | — | 53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 52 | 17 | (35) | — | (35) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 33 | 36 | 3 | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 125 | 117 | (9) | — | (9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (a) | 36 | 34 | (2) | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization (b) | 2 | 3 | (1) | — | (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 106 | 96 | 10 | — | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $10 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in BK system-wide sales of 2.6% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 3.8%, including US comparable sales of 3.9%, partially offset by net restaurant growth of (2.4)%.
Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in sales and cost of sales was primarily driven by increases in Company restaurants due to franchisee restaurant acquisitions during 2024 and 2023.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property revenues was primarily driven by increases in royalties, as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the decrease in franchise and property expenses was primarily driven by bad debt recoveries in 2024 compared to bad debt expenses in 2023.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising revenues and other services was primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions from vendors and franchisees.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising expenses and other services was driven primarily by increases in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in Segment G&A was primarily driven by higher salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees.
39
| PLK Segment | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 23 | $ | 21 | $ | 2 | $ | — | $ | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 80 | 73 | 7 | — | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 75 | 66 | 9 | — | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 178 | 159 | 18 | — | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 19 | 19 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 76 | 67 | (10) | — | (10) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (a) | 22 | 21 | (1) | — | (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization (b) | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 58 | 51 | 7 | — | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $7 million and $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in PLK system-wide sales of 10.4% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 5.7%, including US comparable sales of 6.2%, and net restaurant growth of 4.7%.
Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, sales remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, cost of sales remained consistent with the prior year.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property revenues was primarily driven by increases in royalties, as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, franchise and property expenses remained consistent with the prior year.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising revenues and other services was primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions by franchisees, as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising expenses and other services was primarily driven by increases in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
40
| FHS Segment | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 10 | $ | 10 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 25 | 23 | 2 | — | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 15 | 4 | 10 | — | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 50 | 37 | 13 | — | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 9 | 8 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 15 | 5 | (11) | — | (11) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (a) | 14 | 13 | (1) | — | (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 10 | 9 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in FHS system-wide sales of 4.3% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 3.6% and relatively flat comparable sales of 0.3%, including US comparable sales of 0.3%.
Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, sales and cost of sales remained consistent with the prior year.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, franchise and property revenues remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, franchise and property expenses remained consistent with the prior year.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services and advertising expenses and other services reflect modification of the advertising fund arrangements to be more consistent with those of our other brands.
Segment G&A
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
| INTL Segment | Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | FX Impact (a) | Variance Excluding FX Impact | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property revenues | 201 | 187 | 15 | (4) | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising revenues and other services | 21 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 222 | 203 | 20 | (4) | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise and property expenses | 8 | 5 | (4) | — | (4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising expenses and other services | 23 | 18 | (6) | (1) | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment G&A (a) | 53 | 46 | (7) | (1) | (6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization (b) | 3 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 142 | 137 | 5 | (5) | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(a)Segment G&A includes share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense of $14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in INTL system-wide sales of 11.6% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 8.4% and comparable sales of 4.2%.
Franchise and Property
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property revenues was primarily driven by increases in royalties, primarily at Burger King, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in franchise and property expenses was primarily related to Tim Hortons due to an increase in bad debt expenses.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in advertising revenues and other services was primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions from franchisees and vendors in the limited number of markets where we manage the advertising funds.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increases in advertising expenses and other services were driven primarily by increases in advertising revenues.
Segment G&A
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase in Segment G&A was primarily driven by higher salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees.
Non-GAAP Reconciliations
The table below contains information regarding Adjusted Operating Income, which is a non-GAAP measure. This non-GAAP measure does not have a standardized meaning under U.S. GAAP and may differ from a similar captioned measure of other companies in our industry. We believe this non-GAAP measure is useful to investors in assessing our operating performance, as it provides them with the same tools that management uses to evaluate our performance and is responsive to questions we receive from both investors and analysts. By disclosing this non-GAAP measure, we intend to provide investors with a consistent comparison of our operating results and trends for the periods presented. Adjusted Operating Income is defined as income from operations excluding (i) franchise agreement amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net and, (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the announced acquisition of Carrols consisting primarily of professional fees; (ii) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the acquisition of Firehouse consisting of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs; and (iii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations. Management believes that these types of expenses are either not related to our underlying profitability drivers or not likely to re-occur in the foreseeable future and the varied timing, size and nature of these projects may cause volatility in our results unrelated to the performance of our core business that does not reflect trends of our core operations.
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Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income, as defined above, also represents our measure of segment income for each of our five operating segments.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Favorable / (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | $ | 544 | $ | 447 | $ | 97 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franchise agreement amortization | 8 | 8 | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRG Transaction costs | 4 | — | (4) | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS Transaction costs | — | 19 | 19 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate restructuring and advisory fees | 2 | 5 | 3 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of equity method investments (a) | — | 9 | 9 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses (income), net | (18) | 17 | 35 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | $ | 540 | $ | 505 | $ | 35 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TH | $ | 224 | $ | 212 | $ | 12 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BK | 106 | 96 | 10 | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PLK | 58 | 51 | 7 | 14 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHS | 10 | 9 | 1 | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTL | 142 | 137 | 5 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | $ | 540 | $ | 505 | $ | 35 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NM - not meaningful
(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in segment income.
The increase in Adjusted Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 reflects an increase in segment income in all of our segments, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact of $5 million.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash generated by operations, and borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). We have used, and may in the future use, our liquidity to make required interest and/or principal payments, to make distributions to RBI for RBI to repurchase its common shares, to repurchase Class B exchangeable limited partnership units of Partnership (“Partnership exchangeable units”), to voluntarily prepay and repurchase our or one of our affiliates’ outstanding debt, to fund acquisitions and other investing activities, such as capital expenditures and joint ventures, and to make distributions on Class A common units and distributions on the Partnership exchangeable units. Our liquidity requirements are significant, primarily due to debt service requirements.
As of March 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1,049 million and borrowing availability of $1,248 million under our senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). Based on our current level of operations and available cash, we believe our cash flow from operations, combined with our availability under our Revolving Credit Facility, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, debt service requirements and capital spending over the next twelve months.
In September 2022, Burger King shared the details of its “Reclaim the Flame” plan to accelerate sales growth and drive franchisee profitability. We are investing $400 million over the life of the plan, comprised of $150 million in advertising and digital investments (“Fuel the Flame”) and $250 million in high-quality remodels and relocations, restaurant technology, kitchen equipment, and building enhancements (“Royal Reset”). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we funded $6 million toward the Fuel the Flame investment and $19 million toward our Royal Reset investment and as of March 31, 2024,
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we have funded a total of $79 million toward the Fuel the Flame investment and $81 million toward our Royal Reset investment.
In April 2024, Burger King announced plans to extend its Long-Term Royal Reset program with plans to invest an additional $300 million in remodels from 2025 through 2028.
On January 16, 2024, we announced that we have reached an agreement to acquire all of Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. (“Carrols”) issued and outstanding shares that are not already held by RBI or its affiliates for $9.55 per share in an all cash transaction, or an aggregate total enterprise value of approximately $1.0 billion. The transaction is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2024 and is subject to customary closing conditions, including approval by the holders of the majority of common stock held by Carrols stockholders excluding shares held by RBI and its affiliates and officers of Carrols in addition to approval by holders of a majority of outstanding common stock of Carrols. The transaction is not subject to a financing contingency and is expected to be financed with cash on hand of approximately $230 million and term loan debt. We secured financing whereby lenders will provide an additional $750 million of Term Loan B loans on the same terms as the existing Term Loan B under our Credit Agreement, subject to the closing of the Carrols acquisition.
On August 31, 2023, the RBI board of directors approved a share repurchase authorization wherein RBI may purchase up to $1,000 million of RBI common shares until September 30, 2025. Repurchases under RBI’s authorization will be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. If RBI repurchases any RBI common shares, pursuant to the partnership agreement, Partnership will, immediately prior to such repurchase, make a distribution to RBI on its Class A common units in an amount sufficient for RBI to fund such repurchase. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, RBI did not repurchase any RBI common shares. As of March 31, 2024, RBI had $500 million remaining under its share repurchase authorization.
We generally provide applicable deferred taxes based on the tax liability or withholding taxes that would be due upon repatriation of cash associated with unremitted earnings. We will continue to monitor our plans for such cash and related foreign earnings but our expectation is to continue to provide taxes on unremitted earnings that we expect to distribute.
Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements
As of March 31, 2024, our long-term debt consists primarily of borrowings under our Credit Facilities, amounts outstanding under our 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes due 2028, 5.75% First Lien Senior Notes due 2025, 3.50% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028, 4.00% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030 (together, the “Senior Notes”), TH Facility, and obligations under finance leases. For further information about our long-term debt, see Note 10 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
As of March 31, 2024, there was $6,437 million outstanding principal amount under our Term Loan Facilities with a weighted average interest rate of 7.33%. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan A and Revolving Credit Facility is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin varying from 0.00% to 0.50%, or (ii) Term SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin varying between 0.75% to 1.50%, in each case, determined by reference to a net first lien leverage based pricing grid. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan B is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin of 1.25%, or (ii) Term SOFR, subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin of 2.25%.
Based on the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facilities and SOFR as of March 31, 2024, subject to a floor of 0.00%, required debt service for the next twelve months is estimated to be approximately $480 million in interest payments and $60 million in principal payments. In addition, based on SOFR as of March 31, 2024, net cash settlements that we expect to receive on our $4,000 million interest rate swaps are estimated to be approximately $128 million for the next twelve months. Based on the amounts outstanding at March 31, 2024, required debt service for the next twelve months on all of the Senior Notes outstanding is approximately $264 million in interest payments. Based on the amounts outstanding under the TH Facility as of March 31, 2024, required debt service for the next twelve months is estimated to be approximately $8 million in interest payments and $16 million in principal payments.
Restrictions and Covenants
As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under the Credit Facilities, the TH Facility, and the indentures governing our Senior Notes.
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Cash Distributions/Dividends
On April 4, 2024, RBI paid a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share. Partnership made a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares and also made a distribution of $0.58 in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit.
The RBI board of directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share, which will be paid on July 5, 2024 to RBI common shareholders of record on June 21, 2024. Partnership will make a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares. Partnership will also make a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.58 per Partnership exchangeable unit, and the record date and payment date for such distribution will be the same as the record date and payment date for the cash dividend per RBI common share set forth above.
In addition, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash distributions on our Partnership exchangeable units may be limited by restrictions under our debt agreements.
Outstanding Security Data
As of April 23, 2024, we had outstanding 202,008,287 Class A common units issued to RBI and 133,595,544 Partnership exchangeable units. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Partnership exchanged 2,220 Partnership exchangeable units pursuant to exchange notices received.
One special voting share of RBI is held by a trustee, entitling the trustee to that number of votes on matters on which holders of RBI common shares are entitled to vote equal to the number of Partnership exchangeable units outstanding. The trustee is required to cast such votes in accordance with voting instructions provided by holders of Partnership exchangeable units. At any shareholder meeting of RBI, holders of RBI common shares vote together as a single class with the special voting share except as otherwise provided by law. For information on RBI's share-based compensation and its outstanding equity awards, see Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
Holders of Partnership exchangeable units have the right to require Partnership to exchange all or any portion of such holder’s Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares at a ratio of one share for each Partnership exchangeable unit, subject to RBI’s right as the general partner of Partnership to determine to settle any such exchange for a cash payment in lieu of RBI common shares.
Comparative Cash Flows
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities was $148 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $95 million during the same period in the prior year. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by a decrease in cash used for working capital and an increase in segment income in each of our segments, partially offset by an increase in income tax payments and an increase in interest payments.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities was $31 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to no net cash provided by or used from investing activities during the same period in the prior year. This change was primarily driven by current year net payments from the acquisition of franchised restaurants and an increase in capital expenditures.
Financing Activities
Cash used for financing activities was $203 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $240 million during the same period in the prior year. The change in cash used for financing activities was driven primarily by an increase in capital contributions from RBI and a decrease in long-term debt repayments.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
For information regarding our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, see the “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2024.
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New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 3 – New Accounting Pronouncements in the notes to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
There were no material changes during the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the disclosures made in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of management of RBI, as the general partner of Partnership, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) of RBI, of the effectiveness of Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and Exchange Act Rules 15d-15(e)) as of March 31, 2024. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO of RBI concluded that Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The management of RBI, as general partner of Partnership, including the CEO and CFO, confirm there were no changes in Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain information contained in this report, including information regarding future financial performance and plans, targets, aspirations, expectations, and objectives of management, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities laws. We refer to all of these as forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are forward-looking in nature and, accordingly, are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of words such as “believe”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “continue”, “will”, “may”, “could”, “would”, “target”, “potential” and other similar expressions and include, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations or beliefs regarding (i) the effects and continued impact of the conflict in the Middle East and related macro-economic pressures, such as inflation, rising interest rates and currency fluctuations on our results of operations, business, liquidity, prospects and restaurant operations and those of our franchisees; (ii) our commitment to growth opportunities, plans and strategies for each of our brands and ability to enhance operations and drive long-term, sustainable growth; (iii) the amount and timing of future Corporate restructuring costs, (iv) advisory fees and costs associated with the FHS and Carrols Transactions; (v) our future financial obligations, including annual debt service requirements, capital expenditures and distribution payments, our ability to meet such obligations and the source of funds used to satisfy such obligations; (vi) our exposure to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates and the impact of changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates on the amount of our interest payments, future earnings and cash flows; (vii) certain tax matters, including our estimates with respect to tax matters and their impact on future periods; (viii) the amount of net cash settlements we expect to pay or receive on our derivative instruments; (ix) certain accounting matters and (x) our expectation that the Carrols transaction will be completed in the second quarter of 2024 and financed with cash on hand and term loan debt for which RBI has received a financing commitment.
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Our forward-looking statements, included in this report and elsewhere, represent management’s expectations as of the date that they are made. Our forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by Partnership in light of its experience and its perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors it believes are appropriate in the circumstances. However, these forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements include, among other things, risks related to: (1) our substantial indebtedness, which could adversely affect our financial condition and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations; (2) global economic or other business conditions that may affect the desire or ability of our customers to purchase our products, such as inflationary pressures, high unemployment levels, declines in median income growth, consumer confidence and consumer discretionary spending and changes in consumer perceptions of dietary health and food safety; (3) our relationship with, and the success of, our franchisees and risks related to our nearly fully franchised business model; (4) our franchisees' financial stability and their ability to access and maintain the liquidity necessary to operate their businesses; (5) our supply chain operations; (6) our ownership and leasing of real estate; (7) the effectiveness of our marketing, advertising and digital programs and franchisee support of these programs; (8) significant and rapid fluctuations in interest rates and in the currency exchange markets and the effectiveness of our hedging activity; (9) our ability to successfully implement our domestic and international growth strategy for each of our brands and risks related to our international operations; (10) our reliance on franchisees, including subfranchisees to accelerate restaurant growth; (11) unforeseen events such as pandemics; (12) the ability of the counterparties to our credit facilities’ and derivatives’ to fulfill their commitments and/or obligations; (13) changes in applicable tax laws or interpretations thereof, and our ability to accurately interpret and predict the impact of such changes or interpretations on our financial condition and results; (14) evolving legislation and regulations in the area of franchise and labor and employment law; (15) our ability to address environmental and social sustainability issues; (16) the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the conflict in the Middle East; (17) our and Carrols ability to meet all the closing conditions such that timing of the acquisition of Carrols is consummated as anticipated; (18) our ability to utilize secured loans to fund the Carrols acquisition and (19) litigation or other regulatory matters that could impact the acquisition of Carrols.
We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment and our inability to successfully manage any of the above risks may permit our competitors to increase their market share and may decrease our profitability. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Finally, our future results will depend upon various other risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those detailed in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024, as well as other materials that we from time to time file with, or furnish to, the SEC or file with Canadian securities regulatory authorities. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements in this section and elsewhere in this report. Other than as required under securities laws, we do not assume a duty to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or circumstances, changes in expectations or otherwise.
Part II – Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Part I, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no director or officer of RBI adopted terminated
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Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | |||||||
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| By: | Restaurant Brands International Inc., its general partner | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date: April 30, 2024 | By: | /s/ Sami Siddiqui | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Sami Siddiqui | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc. (principal financial officer) (duly authorized officer) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Joshua Kobza, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership;
2.Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| /s/ Joshua Kobza | ||
| Joshua Kobza | ||
| Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner | ||
Dated: April 30, 2024
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Sami Siddiqui, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership;
2.Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| /s/ Sami Siddiqui | ||
| Sami Siddiqui | ||
| Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner | ||
Dated: April 30, 2024
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (the “Partnership”) for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joshua Kobza, Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Partnership.
| /s/ Joshua Kobza | ||
| Joshua Kobza | ||
| Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner | ||
Dated: April 30, 2024
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (the “Partnership”) for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Sami Siddiqui, Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Partnership.
| /s/ Sami Siddiqui | ||
| Sami Siddiqui | ||
| Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner | ||
Date: April 30, 2024