TruGolf Holdings, Inc 10-K for FY2024
TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (TRUG)
About this 10-K
TruGolf Holdings, Inc filed this 10-K on April 15, 2025, covering the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (FY2024).
Headline figures
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $21.86M
- up 6.2% from $20.58M a year earlier
- Net loss
- $8.8M
- compared with a net loss of $10.28M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$0.76
- compared with -$857.35 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
2024 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The information contained in this report should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain statements made in this report are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, us as of the date hereof, as well as estimates and assumptions made by us. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used herein, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect our current view with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, including the risks relating to our business, industry, and our operations and results of operations. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ materially from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments, and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments, and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. Our financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
Forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include statements about:
| ● | the outcome of any known and unknown litigation and regulatory proceedings, including the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances, including the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against the Company; | |
| ● | the ability to regain compliance with and thereafter maintain the listing of the Company’s common stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market; | |
| ● | changes adversely affecting the business in which the Company is engaged; | |
| ● | the Company’s projected financial information, growth rate, strategies, and market opportunities; | |
| ● | the ability of the Company to meet its future capital requirements to fund its operations, which may involve debt and/or equity financing, and to obtain such debt and/or equity financing on favorable terms, and its sources and uses of cash; | |
| ● | the Company’s ability, assessment of, and strategies to compete with, its competitors; | |
| ● | the Company’s reliance on third-party service providers; | |
| ● | the Company’s estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, and needs for additional financing; | |
| ● | the Company’s ability to maintain and protect its intellectual property; | |
| ● | changes in applicable laws or regulations affecting the Company and/or its business; | |
| ● | the risk of disruption to the Company’s current plans and operations, including, but not limited to, as a result of any business description due to political or economic instability, pandemics or armed hostilities or a business disruption resulting from a cybersecurity attack; and | |
| ● | other factors disclosed under the section entitled “Item 1A - Risk Factors” in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
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These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks in the section entitled “Risk Factors” set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, any of which may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, or performance to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, or performance. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this report to conform these statements to actual results.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” refer to TruGolf Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“TruGolf”), and its wholly owned subsidiaries, including TruGolf, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“TruGolf Nevada”) and TruGolf Links Franchising, LLC (“Links”), a Delaware limited liability company.
Our Business
Our Corporate and Acquisition History
TruGolf Nevada, was formed as a Utah corporation on October 4, 1995, under the name TruGolf Incorporated, and was a subsidiary of Access Software. On June 9, 1999, TruGolf Nevada changed its name to TruGolf, Inc. Upon the acquisition of Access Software by Microsoft Corp. in August 1999, the core programming and graphics team of the LinksTM video game series were spun out to TruGolf Nevada.
Effective on April 26, 2016, TruGolf Nevada filed Articles of Merger with the State of Utah, Department of Commerce, and on April 28, 2016, TruGolf Nevada filed Articles of Merger with the Secretary of State of Nevada, pursuant to which TruGolf, Inc., a Utah corporation, merged with and into TruGolf Nevada, pursuant to a Plan of Merger. TruGolf Nevada was the surviving corporation and, in connection with the Plan of Merger, TruGolf Nevada affected a four-for-one forward stock split of its outstanding common stock.
TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp.) (“TruGolf”, and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), was incorporated on July 8, 2020, as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination, with no material operation of its own.
On March 31, 2023, we entered into an Agreement and Plan Of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. (“DMAQ”), a Delaware Corporation, DMAQ Merger Sub Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Nevada corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of DMAQ, Bright Vision Sponsor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, in the capacity as DMAQ’s representative, Christopher Jones, an individual, in the capacity as TruGolf Nevada’s representative, and TruGolf Nevada (together, the “Merger Parties”). On July 21, 2023, the Merger Parties entered into an Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Restated Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which the Merger Agreement was amended and restated to provide, among other things, that (i) contingent earnout shares will be issued after the Closing, if and when earned, upon the Company meeting the milestones specified in the Restated Merger Agreement, rather than being issued at the closing of the merger and being placed into escrow subject to potential forfeiture; and (ii) the share price of the Company’s common stock used in the calculation of the number of shares to be issued to the Sellers as merger consideration shall be $10.00, as opposed to the price at which the Company redeems the shares of common stock held by its public stockholders in connection with the closing of this business combination.
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On January 31, 2024, we consummated the business combination (the “Closing”) contemplated by the Restated Merger Agreement and Merger Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2023, by and among the Merger Parties. As a result of the Closing and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, (i) Merger Sub merged with and into TruGolf Nevada, with TruGolf Nevada surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of TruGolf, and (ii) TruGolf’s name was changed from Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. to TruGolf Holdings, Inc. TruGolf’s Class A common stock commenced trading on the Nasdaq Global Market LLC under the ticker “TRUG” on February 1, 2024.
General
The Company has been creating indoor golf software for 40 years. Since 1999, we have focused on establishing residential and commercial golf simulation as a viable industry, and since 2007, we have focused on fabricating custom golf simulators for luxury clients. Part of our initial strategy included partnering with hardware inventors to provide them with world-class software. Over time, we found that it was not viable to rely on these early hardware inventors alone, we also began building and selling our own hardware. In addition, we are working with a video game company to utilize their new dynamic graphics engine which will enable us to bring photorealistic golf courses to life through our E6 software. In addition, we have developed multiple sources and 3rd party manufacturers for the raw materials or parts for our products, including but not limited to, steel or aluminum frames, fabric, turf, screens, projectors, PCs, cameras, lasers, infrared sensors, and supporting subsystems. The availability of the frames and fabric from our principal provider, Allied ES&A (“Allied”), has been increased as they have moved into a much larger facility directly located in a large employee base community and we have entered into negotiations with a second supplier in order to provide alternative sourcing if needed. A third supplier, Impact Signs, has also been used in the past and the Company believes that it could purchase turf, and screen supplies from them as well if needed. Both turf (Controlled Products), and screen suppliers (Allied), are so specialized that we have come to rely on one vendor for each, respectively. Projectors (TV Specialists), PCs, lasers, IR sensors and other systems come from multiple suppliers with no historical delay in supply. We have 2 primary suppliers of cameras, IDS and Basler, and have integrated products from both in the Apogee Launch Monitor (“Apogee”) unit to ensure the greatest availability possible.
Market For Indoor Golf
We believe that it is important to understand the macro-economic trends of indoor golf as a sport, as a culture, and as a movement, to better understand the market for our indoor golfing simulators and software. According to the National Golf Foundation (the “NGF”), golf is the largest participation sport in America, with 41 million active golfers over six years old, and has had a growth rate adding 3 million new golfers in each of 2021 and 2022. However, according to the NGF, in 2022, there were over 15.5 million golfers that participated exclusively in off-course golf activities, such as driving ranges, indoor golf simulators, or golf entertainment venues, and only 13 million people who played exclusively on a golf course. According to NGF, a total of 17.8 million people who did not play golf in 2021 said they are “very interested” in playing golf on a golf course. According to a January 26, 2023, article from the NFG, the off-course golfers increased more significantly, with a 13% year-over-year jump, compared with a 2% rise in on-course participation. As reported, the total off-course market in 2022 of approximately $27.9 million has for the first time eclipsed on-course play.
The total addressable market for golf products in 2022 was an estimated $1.4 USD Billion, and with a CAGR of 11.05% is forecast to reach $3.8 USD Billion by 2031. Econ Market Research estimates that North America represents 36%, Europe 28%, Asia Pacific 22%, and Middle East and Africa 7% of total global market share in 2022. In this same report they have found that TruGolf currently maintains a 4.28% market share. They also noted that 69% of the total market is from Indoor Golf Simulators, while 31% is from Outdoor Golf Simulators in 2022 with a slight shift of 1% towards Outdoor Golf Simulators by 2031. While it is not directly stated in the Econ Market Research study, we consider revenue from both SaaS software and Data Analytics to be included in the overall total addressable market for golf products. Our planned products are aligned directly with these findings as our Apogee launch monitor is an indoor only, and ceiling mounted device ideally for commercial facilities, yet equally beneficial to residential use. Our software, both E6 Connect and Apex have power tools for commercial facilities to make playing, improving and enjoying golf easier than ever. While our software is available on 90% of hardware in the market this allows us to access customers for use indoor, outdoor, and residential, as well as commercial. In addition to these hardware and software solutions targeting directly the market segments we will be launching a franchise solution to capitalize on the powerful demand for commercial offerings.
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We believe there are many reasons for the decline in outdoor rounds of golf being played and the simultaneous increase of indoor rounds of golf, including (i) the major costs of running a golf course (and consequently the costs of playing outdoor golf), including environmental factors making outdoor golf increasingly costly and requiring more and more water for vegetations, as temperatures across the United States increase, even as available water has generally decreased, (ii) the closing of over 100 golf courses every year (NGF) and (iii) the challenge in finding available daylight hours with so many golfers and so few golf courses, especially in light of the lengthy time period required to play a full outdoor course (www.ngf.org). We believe that all of these factors combine to create a significant opportunity to capitalize on a growing sport, a growing segment of that sport, and a convergence of demand and popularity seldom seen in virtual participation athletics – indoor golf.
Current Operations
We currently leverage a bifurcated branding strategy by both (1) selling indoor golf simulator hardware under our TruGolf brand, which hardware includes our E6 Connect and E6 Apex software; (2) selling our E6 Connect software separately for use on other companies’ hardware, and (3) franchising indoor golf simulation facilities. In the future, we also intend to create a “Virtual Golf Association” of online players, and leverage our access to swing data.
Our Products
Hardware
Portable – Our Vista Series, which are portable indoor golf simulators, immerse players in realistic gameplay and are designed to be easily assembled and disassembled. These portable lightweight aluminum frame indoor golf simulators use a matte-box design that blocks ambient light and gives the Vista Series the same image quality as high-end golf simulation units, but for a much lower price. Our Vista Series currently includes a High-Definition, 720p projector (upgradeable to a 1080p version), as well as the option for a touch screen and a turf surface. All of our Vista Series products come with a two-year limited warranty. Our Vista 12 model is shown below.
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Our TruGolf MAX is sold standard with an edge-to-edge 15’ impact screen that brings the most famous courses in the world to your home in stunning high-definition. The fabric enclosure is Dawn Patrol, a stately navy that will transform your room with a country-club approved aesthetic. Complete with a 5x12 tee-box and TruGolf’s first-cut flooring, this system makes it easy to work on your game year-round. Each TruGolf MAX system is sold with an APOGEE Launch Monitor. The size and scale brings our E6 software to life – without the need for professional installation. Our TruGolf MAX model is shown below.
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Professional – Our Signature and Premium indoor golf simulators include complete, permanent enclosures, including three high-speed cameras to capture ball flight with high accuracy. Our professional golf simulators include high-end projectors with high visual quality (1080p) providing better visuals, built-in computers and touchscreen, premium turf and audio. These simulators use our TruFlight 2 ceiling mounted Launch Monitor that captures club and ball data for both right-handed and left-handed golfers. Utilizing three cameras, the TruFlight 2 system captures club and ball data simultaneously, for considerable accuracy, allowing users to shape their shots akin to how they would outdoors. Below are images of our Signature (left) and Premium (right) indoor golf simulators.
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Commercial – We offer commercial software and hardware solutions, working with our commercial customers to help design their facilities and find the right audio/video solutions for their customers. Hardware solutions can include multiple simulators of varying sizes, as well as arcade-style games. Software solutions include a Product Launcher that prevents a user from accessing the PC interface, while making game selection and launching easier, a Clubhouse solution that allows clients to host and manage tournaments, and commercial administration tools to manage multiple simulators from one networked PC.
Custom – We also offer custom indoor golf simulation products which can be designed for everything from luxury-residential applications to high volume commercial usage facilities. The customized products, with installation, may cost anywhere between $10,000 and $100,000, depending on the size, design, nature and volume of usage. We consult with clients on a design we can build from spec and then work with the customers’ contractors, through an installation supervisor, to install, calibrate and train customers on the use of their custom simulators. Historically we have completed most installations ourselves but have recently outsourced approximately 30% to third-party installers. Below is an example of a custom installation.
Leading our hardware offering is our Apogee. Many competitors use mobile launch monitors that must be set on the floor behind, or to the side of a golfer, leaving them prone to being kicked or bumped, often requiring a re-calibration and creating a generally unstable and unpredictable solution. Our launch monitor was designed from its inception to provide not only a highly accurate swing analysis and realistic golfing experience, but also an easy solution to install, play, and maintain, for indoor golf. The accuracy of Apogee is created through features like our patent-pending club path measurement, stereoscopic resolution optimized camera system, and instant impact ball launch (“Instant Impact”) to digital display response. An equally vital ingredient to an accurate golf experience comes from our “Instant Impact Replay,” an in-game scrubbable video replay allowing users of any skill level to see exactly what their club did, including positive aspects and flaws, in order to achieve the ball path and spin portrayed on screen creating the ability to give instructions to users.
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Another component of our hardware which we believe provides us with a competitive advantage is based on ease-of-use, which begins with auto-calibration, and includes everyday usability, along with general troubleshooting and maintenance. Our hardware’s installation is simple, beginning with a proprietary mounting bracket that a layperson can drill in their ceiling or on a standard projector mount, then the Apogee device, which weighs less than 30 pounds and can easily be inserted onto rails securely holding the device to the bracket. Once the hardware is in place, the user places a piece of paper on the ground under the device and pushes a button to begin the auto-calibration. What historically took approximately 20 to 30 minutes on our TruFlight system (which is still used in our portable systems) can now be accomplished in less than five minutes. This auto-calibration function continues throughout the play on the system, as every time a player places a golf ball in the impact zone, there is rapid calibration verification, again ensuring easy and accurate maintenance.
In the game of golf there is a concept known as Pace of Play (“POP”). A normal 18-hole outdoor game of golf takes approximately three hours; such POP can be reduced to one hour indoors. We help our users reduce this time even more by use of our proprietary “Laser Launchpad,” which has a faster setup, and not only indicated where a user should place the ball to ensure successful swing capture but also turns off as soon as the ball is placed correctly and the software is ready to go, preventing a player from taking their eye off the ball to look at the screen to verify preparedness. This increases POP and also increases the authenticity of the player experience by avoiding doubts as to whether or not the system is ready and instead allowing a player to focus on their swing. The second innovative element in our product affecting POP is our Instant Impact ball flight processing system (as discussed above). Additionally, our proprietary on-board Apogee Voice Accelerator reduces POP by enabling players to avoid using a mouse or touchscreen and allowing them to simply use their voice to execute the most common functions including taking a Mulligan, making club changes, effecting lateral pin adjustments, observing swing analysis, and making environmental adjustments, such as time of day and cloud cover.
By providing our own Apogee launch monitor, we expect to be able to unlock exclusive features in the forthcoming version of our E6 Connect software, including dynamic course visuals, robust club path, ball reaction analysis, and visual enhancements, leveraging augmented reality and artificial intelligence breakthroughs.
Multi-Sport – We also offer a separate hardware device which allows users to play multiple games known as “Multi-Sport”. This allows users to play soccer, football, hockey, frisbee and Frisbee golf, zombie dodgeball and light gun target games through our hardware. These games are arcade-style mini games with fun simple challenges designed for any age or ability level. This allows users of our hardware to purchase this additional hardware that goes with our golf simulators and offers different games for their customers.
Software
We pair our hardware with our internally developed E6 Connect and E6 Apex software, which may also be purchased separately. We believe that E6 Apex is the highest-quality, most lifelike and customizable golf simulator software ever created. It can be used with launch monitors to teach or train users on the driving range, to compete in leagues and online events at a commercial facility, or to just play fun indoor golf games at home with friends and family.
Our E6 Connect and E6 Apex software offers traditional modes of play like: Stroke, Scramble, Best Ball, Stableford, and Match Play. In addition, we offer exciting mini games like Closest to the Pin, Demolition Driving Range, Long Drive, Blackout, Horse, and 301. We also have a Clubhouse Module designed to help run leagues and indoor facilities. The remote web-application lets users create leagues or events while checking on the usage statistics of that simulator. Another powerful solution provided by E6 Connect is a web-enabled second screen data analytics performance portal enabling individual players to make the most of their longitudinal data.
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Additionally, we have recognized that since golf is not the only sport of interest, and we have leveraged the power of our hardware and software platform to create a collection of multi-sport games, we have found that not only does this drive family-friendly value for residential installs but dramatically expands the target audiences for commercial facilities.
The E6 Apex software, with the use of a powerful new graphics engine, allows us to recreate photo-realistic, and accurate recreations of actual-world golf courses. The dramatic elements that bring these courses to life include: animated wildlife, trees, flowers and bushes that move in the wind and change with the seasons, dynamic time of day changes, including sun position, procedural shadows, cloud interaction with 3-D panoramic landscapes, and the resulting array of stunning lighting effects on some of the most beautiful golf courses in the world. We strive to provide pixel accurate versions of the golf courses we offer, including accuracy of within 2 inches on the fairways, and 2 centimeters on the greens. We have found that this level of accuracy enables golfers to become familiar with every hole and hazard on the course and also unlocks our true handicapping system that can bridge the gap between indoor and outdoor play. This is something that lower quality, lower price point, fantasy simulator solutions do not provide.
Our proprietary physics and gaming engine, developed through four decades of continuous innovation, research, and collaboration with golfers, represents a foundational element of our technology platform. This advanced engine delivers highly precise ball flight, bounce, roll, and object collision dynamics, all of which can be influenced by a range of customizable environmental factors, including elevation, humidity, and wind conditions. These sophisticated simulations are further enhanced through integration with our swing analysis technology, enabling users to access critical performance data and advanced video replay capabilities via our Apogee system. This feature provides users with real-time, on-demand visual feedback for every swing, offering unparalleled insight into swing mechanics and outcomes — functionality that is fully integrated throughout the E6 Connect and E6 Apex platforms and is unmatched by competitors.
In addition to building our E6 Connect and/or E6 Apex software into each of our hardware offerings, we also sell our E6 Software directly to customers and provide our competitors with authorized resale options of our E6 Software. E6 Connect is available for PC and iOS Users. E6 Connect offers more than 100 world-class golf courses, four driving ranges, and numerous mini-games.
Plans for Future Operations
Expansion into Franchises
Moving forward, we plan to franchise the right to build and create indoor golf entertainment venues, including customized golf hardware and software (i.e. golfing bays and golf range bays), and the option to purchase food and beverages. We currently plan to sell branded and non-branded merchandise at these future locations, and allow for large group events, coaching, data driven club sales, and “gamified” tournaments. We have already built a proprietary bay booking and food and beverage ordering app for use from our future commercial and franchise operators.
We believe that one of the benefits of our indoor golf franchises will be the reduced space and infrastructure required to create such facilities, which we anticipate being as small as 5,000 square feet and as large as 32,000 square feet and requiring relatively minimal infrastructure and buildouts other than our custom indoor golf hardware. This is as compared to stand-alone driving ranges or golf courses which cost significantly more to build and implement and require a substantial amount of infrastructure and land.
We anticipate that future franchise locations will also operate as authorized resellers, featuring showroom spaces where prospective customers can experience our hardware and software offerings. Under this model, franchisees would receive commissions on all related hardware and software sales originating from their locations. A key component of our planned franchise program, which we believe will have a significant impact on the financial viability of individual franchises, is a pre-sales requirement designed to ensure profitability prior to the commencement of operations. Specifically, franchisees will be required to secure a minimum level of monthly recurring subscriber revenue sufficient to cover anticipated operating expenses for a defined period. We believe this approach will position each franchise location for profitability upon launch and mitigate the risk of unsuccessful or underperforming franchise operations.
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Virtual Golf Association
Our Virtual Golf Association (“VGA”) is designed to leverage our extensive experience in networked gameplay and online golf simulations to establish a scalable digital golf platform, including future integration with emerging metaverse technologies. The VGA will serve as the governing body for digital golf events hosted within the E6 Connect ecosystem, facilitating global participation in competitive and recreational formats. Through the VGA, users will have the ability to engage in virtual golf experiences with other players worldwide, compete head-to-head, and challenge historical scoring data from professional golfers on real-world golf courses.
Planned VGA events are expected to include a range of competitions such as VGA tour events, professional esports golf tournaments, intercollegiate simulator championships, and American Junior Golf Association-sanctioned events. The VGA will operate under a structured point-based system modeled after the PGA Tour’s FedEx Cup, whereby players accumulate points through event participation and performance-based outcomes. Leading point earners will qualify for a VGA Tour Championship at the conclusion of each competitive season.
The foundational infrastructure for VGA events is currently operational, with various formats—including stroke play, long drive, and closest-to-the-pin contests—available to our network of over 350,000 E6 Connect users. Future development phases will focus on formalizing a comprehensive VGA season framework that tracks cumulative points across multiple events and implementing a comparative performance dashboard to enhance user engagement and competitive transparency.
Data Analysis
We intend to leverage the extensive swing data we have been collecting through our E6 software platform since 2017, encompassing personal performance baselines, improvement metrics, and longitudinal analysis. We believe this substantial dataset offers significant value to users, equipment manufacturers, and other industry stakeholders by providing insights into performance trends, consumer behavior, purchasing intent, and geographic patterns within a highly engaged and affluent user base.
We are currently engaged in preliminary discussions with a third party regarding potential opportunities to monetize this data; however, as of the date of this filing, no definitive agreements have been reached.
Sales Overview
Our sales operations are centralized at our corporate headquarters in Centerville, Utah. The internal sales team is responsible for managing both individual customer relationships and consulting with commercial facilities through a structured, territory-based system. The United States is divided into defined sales territories, enabling each representative to focus on building and maintaining a network of key relationships within their assigned regions.
In addition to managing their territories, each sales representative is assigned one or two national channel partners with whom they collaborate to cultivate strategic relationships that generate new business opportunities. These partnerships complement leads generated through our marketing initiatives and are aligned with industries and markets that are strategically relevant to our product offerings.
We intend to leverage these partnerships to support our long-term growth strategy, including expansion into international markets. Targeted sectors for sales growth include residential home construction, golf courses (both pro shops and private clubs), audio/visual integration firms, commercial real estate (including office spaces and shopping centers), government entities, educational institutions and municipalities, large national accounts (such as chain and warehouse retailers), and national entertainment and recreational centers.
In addition to our internal sales operations, we maintain a longstanding network of resellers spanning multiple international regions, including Europe, Australia, and Africa. Recently, we entered into a joint venture agreement to expand our presence in Asia. To date there has been no funding or activity on our side with regards to the joint venture. Domestically, we have an established reseller network across the United States and Canada, as well as a limited but developing presence in Latin America. This global reseller network has been cultivated over the past decade, and we remain committed to strengthening and expanding these relationships.
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As part of our growth strategy, dependent on our receipt of new capital, we intend to work toward the establishment of a TruGolf regional office serving Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA). This initiative is designed to facilitate our transition from a traditional reseller model to a more structured network of exclusive distributor partnerships within these key international markets.
Growth Strategy
The Company is currently utilizing available funding to support the ongoing development and production of its software and hardware product lines. Sales are anticipated to increase as new generations of the Company’s software and hardware are brought to market. Additionally, the Company has allocated funding toward the expansion of the Company’s manufacturing capabilities at its facility located in Salt Lake City, Utah.
At present, approximately 80% of the Company’s marketing and sales efforts are directed toward lead generation through a variety of channels, including search engine optimization (SEO), pay-per-click (PPC) advertising, organic and paid social media campaigns, and public relations efforts, including earned media and celebrity endorsements. Any cash on hand is expected to be used to enhance and expand these initiatives, with a particular focus on increasing the Company’s presence and reach across social media platforms. Marketing plans will be strategically tailored to each product and service within the Company’s portfolio and will evolve in alignment with available resources and the Company’s ongoing growth.
Our primary objective is to drive engagement, advocacy, and sales of our product portfolio, with an initial focus on expanding our Apogee hardware rollout and reinforcing our software’s market penetration, while also continuing to roll out our planned franchise offering, the VGA and working to monetize our swing and other data.
Our secondary marketing objective is to increase overall awareness and reputation of our collective products and brand in each vertical to drive consumer preference and adoption.
Our primary target market consists of males over the age of 34; however, additional market segments, including females, young adults, and individuals new to the sport of golf, represent emerging and growing areas of opportunity for the Company’s products and services.
We continue to use blogs and social media to bolster our brand image, create more domain authority, and drive more organic traffic through our websites. We also hope that blogs and social media posts will funnel new users into our digital retargeting campaigns and will be used as a source to supply new newsletter subscriptions.
We also offer promotional giveaways to drive subscribers to our blog and social media offerings, grow and replenish email lists, increase website traffic, and drive brand awareness.
Plan of Operations
The Company’s strategic plan focuses on the extensive promotion of its hardware device, Apogee, while aligning marketing, sales, manufacturing, installation, and service operations to effectively manage customer demand and address challenges commonly associated with new product launches. In parallel, the Company continues to optimize its service and installation teams through organizational realignment and the allocation of additional resources to manage seasonal fluctuations in workload.
Furthermore, the Company is actively implementing new marketing initiatives, including the launch of a redesigned website, expanded paid social media campaigns, ongoing public relations initiatives, and the engagement of new brand ambassadors. Notably, the Company has partnered with former Dallas Cowboys football players Ezekiel Elliott and Brice Butler to enhance brand visibility and market reach.
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While continuing to focus on the roll out of Apogee, supported by increased marketing budgets and expanded sales channels, including international markets, the Company has also introduced its newest software platform, E6 Apex. As part of its international growth strategy, the Company plans to open a regional office serving EMEA, formalize two additional international distributor partnerships, and establish its newly announced joint venture office in Asia.
In addition, the Company plans to launch a series of new VGA online tournaments in collaboration with new strategic partners, with onboarding efforts for these partners currently underway. The Company has also formally launched E6 Apex, representing a significant advancement in its software offerings, and announced the upcoming release of several new products, including the next generation of Apogee, the Mini Trainer, and portable frame systems designed to support Apogee units. Concurrently, the Company has begun the process of phasing out legacy launch monitor products, such as TruTrack and TruFlight, as part of its broader product modernization strategy.
Historically, the fourth quarter represents the Company’s strongest sales period, driven by holiday-related purchases and increased demand from golfers preparing for the off-season. As a result, the Company’s marketing and sales initiatives are significantly expanded during this period, along with corresponding increases in manufacturing, logistics, installation, and customer service activities to support heightened demand.
Additionally, the first quarter of each fiscal year is typically a critical extension of this busy season, as the Company focuses on fulfilling previously booked orders, ramping up installations, and completing training programs for distributors to support ongoing sales growth and collections activities.
Competition
The Company operates in a highly competitive market, with numerous competitors offering both hardware and, in some cases, reselling the Company’s E6 software. Key competitors include Trackman, FullSwing, Foresight, GolfZon, Uneekor, Garmin, FlightScope, SkyTrak, and Voice Caddie.
These competitors can generally be divided into two primary categories:
| 1. | Indoor or Fixed Launch Monitors: This category includes products from Uneekor, FullSwing, FlightScope, and Foresight, which are typically sold through resellers that also provide the necessary complementary components, such as turf, frames, screens, and other required technology to operate the launch monitors. These fully integrated solutions generally range in price from approximately $10,000 to $50,000. |
| 2. | Indoor/Outdoor or Portable Launch Monitors: This category comprises devices that can be positioned on the ground, either behind or to the side of the golfer, for use in both indoor and outdoor settings, such as driving ranges or golf courses. Competitors offering products in this segment include Trackman, FullSwing, FlightScope, Foresight, Garmin, and Voice Caddie. These standalone devices are typically priced between $600 and $20,000. |
Among these competitors, Trackman, GolfZon, Uneekor, and FullSwing have also introduced their own proprietary software solutions, which are sold separately from hardware. These providers typically charge additional fees for software access, ranging from approximately $300 to $5,000, with most fees structured as annual recurring subscriptions.
In addition, there are several software-only competitors, including GSPro, The Golf Club, and World Golf Tour, which focus solely on virtual golf software and generally offer annual subscription models priced between approximately $200 and $1,000.
Our Competitive Strengths
TruGolf believes it possesses significant competitive advantages in both technology and industry expertise when compared to other market participants. The Company’s executive leadership team brings extensive experience in the software sector, including backgrounds with major firms such as Microsoft and Access Software.
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The Company’s flagship software, E6 Connect, has emerged as a leading golf simulation operating system and is widely compatible for use with nearly every major launch monitor available in the marketplace. Having developed and sold golf simulation software for nearly 40 years, TruGolf’s longstanding presence and expertise in this domain represent one of its most significant competitive advantages. This broad compatibility of E6 Connect also enhances the reach and impact of the Company’s Virtual Golf Association (VGA), providing a competitive edge over hardware-only providers.
Additionally, TruGolf has been engaged in the design, manufacturing, and sale of proprietary hardware for over 20 years, allowing the Company to offer fully integrated hardware and software solutions. This combination strengthens TruGolf’s position in the marketplace, particularly as hardware and software bundles become increasingly important to customers.
Recent upgrades to the Company’s manufacturing facilities and the establishment of new corporate offices are expected to further enhance production capabilities and operational efficiency in delivering golf simulator products. Moreover, TruGolf has cultivated strong, longstanding relationships with leading institutions and suppliers worldwide, further supporting its competitive position and ability to scale.
Seasonality
The Company’s operations are subject to inherent seasonality, as its products are designed to enable golfers to play indoors when outdoor conditions are unfavorable due to inclement weather, particularly during winter months in regions such as the Midwest, Northeast, and Northwest areas of the United States. As a result, the Company has historically experienced increased product usage and higher sales volumes during the first and fourth quarters of each fiscal year.
In response to these seasonal demand patterns, the Company typically increases its marketing, sales, and customer service activities during the third and fourth quarters, while expanding production, logistics, and installation operations in the first quarter to fulfill heightened demand.
The Company expects these seasonal trends to continue in future periods, notwithstanding occasional internal delays related to new product launches, such as Apogee, or broader non-seasonal economic factors that may arise. The Company’s expectation that first and fourth quarter seasonality will remain consistent is based on the persistent cold and wet weather patterns that affect large geographic areas across North America, Europe, and Asia.
Government Regulation
The Company is subject to a broad range of U.S. federal, state, and foreign laws and regulations, many of which are evolving and continue to be tested in courts. These laws and regulations may be interpreted in ways that could adversely impact the Company’s business and operations. Key areas of regulation include, but are not limited to, user privacy, data protection, consumer information privacy, and laws governing unfair and deceptive trade practices.
U.S. federal and state laws and regulations, some of which may be enforced by both governmental agencies and private parties, are constantly evolving and subject to significant change. The application, interpretation, and enforcement of these legal requirements are often uncertain, particularly given the emerging and rapidly evolving nature of the industries in which the Company operates. Additionally, these laws and regulations may be applied inconsistently across different jurisdictions and may not align with the Company’s current policies and practices.
The Company’s sales of golf simulators and related products are subject to oversight and regulation by various entities, including the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), as well as other federal, state, local, and foreign regulatory authorities. These laws primarily govern product labeling, advertising, marketing, manufacturing, safety, shipment, and disposal. Furthermore, because certain components used in the Company’s products are imported, the Company is subject to import regulations and international trade laws.
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In addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other regulatory regimes, including environmental laws, employment regulations, privacy and cybersecurity laws, environmental health and safety regulations, licensing and operational requirements, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), and similar anti-bribery and anti-kickback laws. The adoption of new laws and regulations, or new interpretations of existing laws, could materially impact the Company’s operations and compliance requirements.
To date, the costs of compliance with applicable laws and regulations have not had a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations, and the Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all current legal and regulatory requirements. However, given the nature of the Company’s operations and the continually evolving regulatory landscape, the Company cannot predict with certainty whether future material capital expenditures or operating costs will be required to maintain compliance with applicable regulations.
Intellectual Property
The Company regards its trademarks, service marks, copyrights, patents, domain names, trade dress, trade secrets, proprietary technologies, and other forms of intellectual property as critical assets essential to its success. To protect these assets, the Company relies on a combination of trademark, copyright, and patent laws, as well as trade secret protections and confidentiality and/or license agreements with employees, customers, partners, and other third parties. The Company owns an issued U.S. patent which is expected to remain in force until 2038, and several pending patent applications that may ultimately be issued and would expire between 2042 and 2045. The Company has also registered or applied for registration of various U.S. domain names, trademarks, service marks, and copyrights.
However, effective protection of trademarks, service marks, copyrights, patents, and trade secrets may not be available in every jurisdiction where the Company’s products are offered. The Company has previously licensed, and may continue to license in the future, certain proprietary rights—such as trademarks and copyrighted materials—to third parties. Although the Company seeks to maintain brand quality through such licenses, there is no assurance that licensees will not engage in conduct that could materially and adversely affect the value of the Company’s intellectual property or reputation, which may, in turn, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.
Further, there can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company to protect its proprietary rights will be sufficient or that third parties will not infringe upon or misappropriate its copyrights, trademarks, patents, trade dress, or similar proprietary rights. Additionally, other parties may assert claims of intellectual property infringement against the Company. The Company has been subject to such claims in the past and expects that it may face similar legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, including allegations that the Company or its licensees have infringed upon the trademarks or other intellectual property rights of third parties. Even claims that are without merit could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources, potentially impacting the Company’s operations and reputation.
Human Resources
We currently employ approximately 72 employees of which 71 are full-time and one is part-time, many of which started working remotely due to COVID-19 and continue to work remotely. In addition to the marketing and sales outlined above, we complete all product development of both hardware and software in house, including some light manufacturing and assembly, simulator installations, customer service, and logistics.
Facilities
The Company currently leases two facilities to support its operations. The primary facility, located in Centerville, Utah, houses offices for more than half of the Company’s staff, along with space for research and development, manufacturing, assembly, returns, and repairs. All proprietary hardware is assembled at this facility, with additional components, such as frames, fabric for simulator bays, turf, foam, and other technology, sourced from local and domestic suppliers.
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The second facility, located in North Salt Lake, Utah, provides office space for the remainder of the Company’s staff, and serves as the primary location for finished goods inventory and logistics operations, including storage of assembled simulators.
The Company leases 19,381 square feet from Boulder Properties LLC under a three-year lease agreement entered into in December 2022. The lease initially covers a period of one year, with an option to extend for an additional two years. The monthly rent for the first year was $20,343, increasing to $24,615 per month in the third year. Additionally, the Company is responsible for its proportionate share of operating costs, currently approximating $3,000 per month. This lease also includes add-on finish work to accommodate the Company’s operational needs, including office space, research and development, and manufacturing and assembly functions.
In June 2023, the Company entered into a five-year triple net lease for approximately 13,000 square feet in North Salt Lake, Utah. This facility supports the customer support team and provides storage for assembled simulators. The first-year monthly rent under this lease was $10,457, with an agreed annual escalation of three percent in subsequent years.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of business. As of the date of this filing, the Company is not a party to any legal proceedings that, in the opinion of management, if determined adversely, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.
Insurance
The Company maintains an insurance policy that provides customary coverage and protections, including professional liability, general liability, employee benefits liability, and coverage against claims related to technology products and services, as well as cybersecurity risks. The policy also includes product liability coverage, which extends to claims arising from technology-related issues, such as customer data breaches, copyright infringement, misrepresentation, and fraud, as well as claims associated with physical products and services sold through the Company’s website.
Available Information
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, our proxy and information statements and all amendments to those reports will be available free of charge through our website at www.trugolf.com.com as soon as practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Except as otherwise stated in these documents, the information contained on our website or available by hyperlink from our website is not incorporated by reference into this report or any other documents we file, with or furnish to, the SEC.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as the term is used in The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and therefore, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various public company reporting requirements, including:
| ● | a requirement to only have two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related selected financial data and management’s discussion and analysis; | |
| ●- | exemption from the auditor attestation requirement on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting; | |
| ● | reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and | |
| ● | exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory stockholder vote on executive compensation and any golden parachute payments. |
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We may take advantage of these provisions for up to five years or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company if we have more than $1.235 billion in annual revenue, have more than $700.0 million in market value of our capital stock held by non-affiliates or issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. So long as we remain an emerging growth company, we may choose to take advantage of some, but not all, of the available benefits of the JOBS Act. We have taken advantage of some of the reduced reporting requirements in our filings. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock. In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves a number of very significant risks. Readers of this Annual Report on Form 10-K should carefully consider the following risks and uncertainties in addition to other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K in evaluating our company and its business before purchasing shares of our common stock. Our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed due to any of the following risks. An investor in our common stock could lose all or part of their investment due to any of these risks.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We depend on the strength of our brands.
We expect to derive substantially all of our sales from sales of branded products and services we own. The reputation and integrity of our brands are essential to the success of our business. We believe that our consumers value the status and reputation of brands we promote, and the superior quality, performance, functionality and durability that our brands represent. Building, maintaining and enhancing the status and reputation of our brands’ image is important to expanding our consumer base. Our continued success and growth depend on our ability to protect and promote our brands, which, in turn, depends on factors such as quality, performance, functionality and durability of our products and services, our communication activities, including advertising and public relations, and our management of the consumer experience, including direct interfaces through customer service and warranty repairs. We may decide to make substantial investments in these areas in order to maintain and enhance our brand, and such investments may not be successful.
Additionally, in order to expand our reach, we engage with third-party distributors. To the extent those third-party distributors fail to comply with our operating guidelines, we may not be successful in protecting our brand image. Product defects, product recalls, counterfeit products and ineffective marketing are among the potential threats to the strength of our brands and to protect our brands’ status we may need to make substantial expenditures to mitigate the impact of such threats.
Moreover, if we fail to continue to innovate to ensure that our products are deemed to achieve superior levels of function, quality and design, or to otherwise be sufficiently distinguishable from our competitors’ products, or if we fail to manage the growth of our on-line sales in a way that protects the high-end nature of our brands, the value of our brands may be diluted, and we may not be able to maintain our premium position and pricing or sales volumes, which could adversely affect our financial performance and business. We believe that maintaining and enhancing our brands’ image in new markets where we have limited brand recognition is important to expanding our consumer base. It we are unable to maintain or enhance our brands in new markets, then our growth strategy could be adversely affected.
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We will need to raise capital in order to realize our business plan and growth strategy, the failure of which could adversely impact our operations.
Our growth strategy is based upon increasing the number of our clients and our consolidated revenue by making successful acquisitions and integrating businesses that provide comparable or complementary cyber security services. As of December 31, 2024, our business was not profitable. Without adequate funding, a significant increase in revenue, and satisfaction of our outstanding payables, we may not be able to achieve profitability in the existing lines of business and attract further capital. As of April 14, 2025, we had available cash resources of approximately $9,000,000.
We expect to continue to finance our operations with available net operating cash flows and will need to raise additional capital in the future by issuing equity or other forms of securities, which could significantly reduce the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders and substantially dilute the equity of purchasers of our common stock in this offering. Furthermore, any newly issued securities could have rights, preferences, and privileges senior to those of our existing common stock and may have a dilutive impact on the ownership interest of existing stockholders.
We may have difficulty obtaining additional funds as and when needed, and we may have to accept terms that would adversely affect our stockholders. In addition, any adverse conditions in the credit and equity markets may adversely affect our ability to raise funds when needed. Any failure to achieve adequate funding will delay our research & development and manufacturing efforts and could lead to difficulty in satisfying outstanding orders of our hardware and software, as well as prevent us from responding to competitive pressures or taking advantage of unanticipated acquisition opportunities. Any additional equity financing will likely be dilutive to stockholders, and certain types of equity financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants or other provisions that would limit how we conduct our business or finance our operations.
The cost of raw materials, labor and freight could lead to an increase in our cost of sales and cause our results of operations to suffer.
Increasing costs for raw materials, labor or freight could make our sourcing processes more costly and negatively affect our gross margin and profitability. Wage and price inflation in our source countries could cause unanticipated price increases, which may be significant. Energy costs have fluctuated dramatically in the past and may fluctuate in the future. Rising energy costs may increase our costs of transporting our products for distribution and the costs of products we source from our independent suppliers. Our independent suppliers may attempt to pass their increased costs on to us, and our relationships with them may be harmed or lost if we refuse to pay such increases, which could lead to product shortages. If we pay such increases, we may not be able to offset them through increases in our pricing and other means, which could adversely affect our ability to maintain our targeted gross margins. If we attempt to pass the increases on to the consumers, our sales may be adversely affected.
Our international operations involve inherent risks which could result in harm to our business.
As we expand our business internationally a larger volume of our products will begin to be sold outside of the U.S. Accordingly, we are subject to the risks generally associated with global trade and doing business abroad, which include foreign laws and regulations, varying consumer preferences across geographic regions, political unrest, disruptions or delays in cross-border shipments and changes in economic conditions and countries in which our products are sold. This includes, for example, the uncertainty surrounding the effect of Brexit, including changes to the legal and regulatory framework that apply to the United Kingdom and its relationship with the European Union, as well as new and proposed changes affecting tax laws and trade policy in the U.S. and elsewhere as further described in other risks in this section. The U.S. presidential administration has indicated a focus on policy reforms that discourage U.S. corporations from outsourcing manufacturing and production activities to foreign jurisdictions, including tariffs or penalties on goods manufactured outside the U.S., which may require us to change the way we conduct business and adversely affect our results of operations.
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We rely heavily on supply chain reliability and predictability and continued disruption in our supply chain could have a material adverse impact on operations.
We rely heavily on supply chain reliability and predictability in producing, transporting and delivering our products. The COVID-19 pandemic, Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, inflationary trends, shifts in consumer purchasing patterns, availability of transport, labor shortages in the shipping, trucking, and warehousing industries, port strikes, infrastructure congestion, equipment shortages and other factors have all contributed to delivery delays, greater costs and uncertainty in arranging and scheduling transport of our products. If we are unable to reliably and consistently arrange shipment and storage of our products, we may be unable to ship, deliver and store our products in which case, we will have to reverse sales and issue refunds to purchasers of our products. Changes in U.S. and international trade policies, including to import and export tariffs and trade policy agreements, to address supply chain issues or otherwise could also have a significant impact on our activities both in the United States and internationally. Supply chain disruptions and adverse consequences from aggressive trade policies could have a material adverse impact on our profitability and financial performance.
We face risks associated with operating in international markets.
We operate in a global marketplace and international sales growth is a key element of our growth strategy. We are subject to risks associated with our international operations, including but not limited to:
| ● | Foreign currency exchange rates; | |
| ● | Economic or governmental instability in foreign markets in which we operate or in those countries from which we source our merchandise; | |
| ● | Unexpected changes in laws, regulatory requirements, taxes or trade laws; | |
| ● | Increases in the cost of transporting goods globally; | |
| ● | Acts of war, terrorist attacks, outbreaks of contagious disease and other events over which we have no control; and | |
| ● | Changes in foreign or domestic legal and regulatory requirements resulting in the imposition of new or more onerous trade restrictions, tariffs, duties, taxes, embargoes, exchange or other government controls. |
Any of these risks could have an adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position or growth strategy. Furthermore, some of our international operations are conducted in parts of the world that experience corruption to some degree. Our employees and resellers could take actions that violate applicable anti-corruption laws and regulations. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could have an adverse impact on our reputation, our results of operations or our financial position.
Foreign exchange movements may also negatively affect the relative purchasing power of consumers and their willingness to purchase discretionary premium goods, such as our products, which would adversely affect our net sales. We do not currently use the derivative markets to hedge foreign currency fluctuations.
If we are unable to respond effectively to changes in market trends and consumer preferences, our market share, net sales and profitability could be adversely affected.
The success of our business depends on our ability to identify the key product and market trends and bring products to market in a timely manner that satisfy the current preferences of a broad range of consumers (either by enhancing existing products or by developing new product offerings). Consumer preferences differ across and within different parts of the world, and shift over time in response to changing aesthetics and economic circumstances. We believe that our success in developing products that are innovative and that meet our consumers’ functional needs is an important factor in our image as a premium brand, and in our ability to charge premium prices. We may not be able to anticipate or respond to changes in consumer preferences, and, even if we do anticipate and respond to such changes, we may not be able to bring to market in a timely manner enhanced or new products that meet these changing preferences. If we fail to anticipate or respond to changes in consumer preferences or fail to bring products to market in a timely manner that satisfy new preferences, our market share and our net sales and profitability could be adversely affected.
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We may be unable to appeal to new consumers while maintaining the loyalty of our core consumers.
Part of our growth strategy is to introduce new consumers, including female and young consumers, to our brands. If we are unable to attract new consumers, including female and young consumers, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected as our core consumers’ age increases and purchasing frequency decrease. Initiatives and strategies intended to position our brand appeal to new, female and young consumers may not appeal to our core consumers and may diminish the appeal of our brand to our core consumers, resulting in reduced core consumer loyalty. If we are unable to successfully appeal to new, female and young consumers while maintaining our brand’s image with our core consumers, then our net sales and our brand image may be adversely affected.
We depend on existing members of management and key employees to implement key elements in our strategy for growth, and the failure to retain them or to attract appropriately qualified new personnel could affect our ability to implement our growth strategy successfully.
The successful implementation of our growth strategy depends in part on our ability to retain our experienced management team and key employees and on our ability to attract appropriately qualified new personnel. For instance, our chief executive officer has extensive experience running and developing golf simulation software. The loss of any key member of our management team or other key employees could hinder or delay our ability to implement our growth strategy effectively. Further, if we are unable to attract appropriately qualified new personnel, including a chief financial officer, we may not be successful in implementing our growth strategy. In either instance, our profitability and financial performance could be adversely affected.
We do not employ traditional advertising channels, and if we fail to adequately market our brand through product introductions and other means of promotion, our business could be adversely affected.
Our marketing strategy depends on our ability to promote our brand’s message using online advertising and social media, and possibly the use of newspapers and magazines to promote new product introductions in a cost-effective manner. We do not employ traditional advertising channels such as billboards, television and radio. If our marketing efforts are not successful at attracting new consumers and increasing purchasing frequency by our existing consumers, there may be no cost-effective marketing channels available to us for the promotion of our brand. If we increase our spending on advertising, or initiate spending on traditional advertising, our expenses will rise, and our advertising efforts may not be successful. In addition, if we are unable to successfully and cost-effectively employ advertising channels to promote our brand to new consumers and new markets, our growth strategy may be adversely affected.
We rely significantly on information technology to operate our business. Any significant security breach of our confidential information of our customers, applications, technology, networks, or other systems critical to our operations, or failure to comply with privacy and security laws and regulations could damage our reputation, brands and business.
We are heavily dependent on information technology systems and networks, including the Internet and third-party services (“Information Technology Systems”), across our supply chain, including product design, production, forecasting, ordering, manufacturing, transportation, sales and distribution, as well as processing financial information for external and internal reporting purposes, operations and other business activities. Information Technology Systems are critical to many of our operating activities and our business processes, and they may be negatively impacted by any service interruption or shutdown. For example, our ability to effectively manage and maintain our inventory, manufacture, and ship products to customers on a timely basis depends significantly on the reliability of these Information Technology Systems. We rely on a third-party systems provider to manage all our company data and transactions, record our financial transactions and manage our operations. The failure of these systems to operate effectively, including s a result of security breaches, viruses, hackers, malware, natural disasters, vendor business interruptions or other causes, or failure to properly maintain, protect, repair or upgrade systems, or problems with transitioning to upgraded or replacement systems could cause delays in product fulfillment and reduced efficiency of our operations, could require additional capital to remediate the problem which may not be sufficient to cover all eventualities, and may have an adverse effect on our reputation, results of operations and financial condition.
We also use Information Technology Systems to process financial information and results of operations for internal reporting purposes to comply with regulatory financial reporting, legal and tax requirement. If the Information Technology Systems suffer sever damage, disruption or shutdown and our business continuity plans, or those of our vendors, do not effectively resolve the issues in a timely manner, we could experience delays in reporting our financial results, which could result in lost revenues and profits, as well as reputational damage. Furthermore, we depend on Information Technology Systems and personal data collection for digital marketing, digital commerce, consumer engagement and the marketing and use of our digital products and services. We also rely on our ability to engage in electronic communications throughout the world between and among our employees as well as with other third-parties, including customers, suppliers, vendors and consumers. Any interruption in the Information Technology Systems may impede our ability to engage in the digital space and result in lost revenues, damage to our reputation and loss of consumers.
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In connection with various facets of our business, we collect and use a variety of personal data related to our customers. Our failure to prevent security breaches could damage our reputation and brands and substantially harm our business and results of operations. On our website, a majority of the sales are billed to our consumers’ credit card accounts directly, orders are shipped to a consumer’s address, and consumers log on using their email address. In such transactions, maintaining compete security for the transmission of confidential information on our website, such as consumers’ credit card numbers and expiration dates, personal information and billing addresses is essential to maintaining consumer confidence. In addition, we hold certain private information about our consumers, such as their names, addresses, phone numbers and browsing and purchasing records. We rely on encryption and authentication technology licensed from third-parties to effect the secure transmission of confidential information, including credit card numbers. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography or other developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology used by us to protect consumer transaction data. In addition, any party who is able to illicitly obtain a user’s password could potentially access the user’s transaction data or personal information. We may not be able to prevent third-parties, such as hackers or criminal organizations, from stealing information provided by our consumers through our website. In addition, our third-party merchants and delivery service providers may violate their confidentiality obligations and disclose information about our consumers. Any compromise of our security or material violation of a non-disclosure obligation could damage our reputation and brand and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability, which could substantially harm our business and results of operations. In addition, anyone who is able to circumvent our security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions in our operations.
Moreover, the platform and applications that we use to operate our business are highly technical and complex and may now or in the future contain undetected errors, bugs, or vulnerabilities. Some errors in our code may only be discovered after the code has been deployed. Any errors, bugs or vulnerabilities discovered in our c ode after deployment, inability to identify the cause or causes of performance problems within an acceptable period of time or difficulty maintaining and improving performance of our platform, particularly during peak usage times, could result in damage to our reputation or brand, loss of revenues, or liability for damages, any of which could adversely affect our business and financial results. To the extent we do not effectively address capacity constraints, upgrade our systems as needed and continually develop our technology and network architecture to accommodate actual and anticipated changes in technology, our business and operating results may be harmed.
Global economic, political and industry conditions constantly change and unfavorable conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We are a global company with worldwide operations. Volatile economic, political and market conditions, such as political or economic instability, civil unrest, trade sanctions, acts of terrorism in the regions or hostilities, including the recent conflict between Russia and Ukraine, may have a negative impact on our operating results and our ability to achieve our business objectives. We may not have insight into economic and political trends that could emerge and negatively affect our business. In addition, significant or volatile changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies may have a material adverse impact upon our liquidity, revenues, costs and operating results.
Our products face intense competition.
We are a sports equipment and technology company delivering products and technologies and the relative popularity of indoor golf and other various sports activities and changing design trends affect the demand of our products. The sports equipment industry and sports-related technology industry are both are highly competitive both in the U.S. and worldwide. We compete domestically and internationally with a significant number of athletic and sports equipment companies and sports-related technology companies, including sports-related technology companies, including large companies having diversified lines of athletic and sports equipment and sports technology products.
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Product offerings, technologies, marketing expenditures (including expenditures for advertising and endorsements), pricing, costs of production, customer service, digital commerce platforms and social media presence are areas of intense competition. This, in addition to rapid changes in technology and consumer preferences in the markets for athletic and sports equipment, constitute significant risk factors in our operations. In addition, the competitive nature of retail including shifts in the ways in which consumers are shopping, and the rising trend of digital commerce, constitutes a risk factor implicating our online and wholesale operations. If we do not adequately and timely anticipate and respond to our competitors, our costs may increase or the consumer demand for our products may decline significantly.
We rely on technical innovation and high-quality products to compete in the market for our products.
Research and development play a key role in technical innovation. We rely upon specialists in the fields of electrical and mechanical engineering, industrial design, sustainability and related fields, as well as other experts to develop and test cutting-edge performance products. While we strive to produce products that help to enhance player performance, if we fail to introduce technical innovation in our products, consumer demand for our products could decline, and if we experience problems with the quality of our products, we may incur substantial expenses to remedy the problems.
Failure to continue to obtain or maintain high-quality endorsers of our products could harm our business.
We establish relationships with professional athletes, as well as other public figures such as teaching pros and influencers, to develop, evaluate and promote our products, as well as establish product authenticity with consumers. However, as competition in our industry has increased, the costs associated with establishing and retaining such sponsorships and other relationships have increased. If we are unable to maintain our current associations with professional athletes, or other public figures, or to do so at a reasonable cost, we could lose the high visibility or on-field authenticity associated with our products, and we may be required to modify and substantially increase our marketing investments. Any substantial deterioration in these relationships, or substantial deterioration of our relationship with their talent managers or other key personnel, could adversely affect our business. As a result, our brands, net revenues, expenses and profitability could be harmed. If certain endorsers were to stop using our products contrary to their endorsement agreements, our business could be adversely affected.
Actions taken by athletes or other endorsers, associated with our products that harm the reputations of those athletes or endorsers, could also seriously harm our brand image with consumers and, as a result, could have an adverse effect on our sales and financial condition.
Actions taken by athletes or other endorsers, associated with our products that harm the reputations of those athletes or endorsers, could also seriously harm our brand image with consumers and, as a result, could have an adverse effect on our sales and financial condition. Poor performance by our endorsers, a failure to continue to correctly identify future athletes, public figures or sports organizations, to use and endorse our products or a failure to enter into cost-effective endorsement arrangements with prominent athletes, public figures, and sports organizations could adversely affect our brand, sales and profitability. we are also subject to laws, regulations and industry standards relating to endorsements and influencer marketing. Many of these laws, regulations and industry standards are changing and may be subject to differing interpretations, are costly to comply with or inconsistent among jurisdictions.
Our business may be affected by seasonality, which could result in fluctuations in our operating results.
We expect to experience moderate fluctuations in aggregate sales volume during the year. We expect revenues in the first and fourth fiscal quarters to exceed those in the second and third fiscal quarters. However, the mix of product sales may vary considerably from time to time as a result of changes in seasonal and geographic demand for golf equipment and in connection with the timing of significant sporting events. In addition, our customers may cancel orders, change delivery schedules or change the mix of products ordered with minimal notice. As a result, we may not be able to accurately predict our quarterly sales. Accordingly, our results of operations are likely to fluctuate significantly from period to period. Our operating margins are also sensitive to several additional factors that are beyond our control, including transportation costs, shifts in product sales mix and geographic sales trends, all of which we expect to continue. Results of operations in any period should not be considered indicative of the results to be expected for any future period.
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Failure to accurately forecast consumer demand could lead to excess inventories or inventory shortages, which could result in decreased operating margins, reduced cash flows and harm to our business.
There is a risk we may be unable to sell excess products. Inventory levels in excess of customer demand may result in inventory write-downs, and the sale of excess inventory at discounted prices could significantly impair our brand image and have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Conversely, if we underestimate consumer demand for our products or if our suppliers fail to supply products, we require at the time we need them, we may experience inventory shortages. Inventory shortages might delay shipments to customers, negatively impact distributor and consumer relationships and diminish brand loyalty. The difficulty in forecasting demand also makes it difficult to estimate our future results of operations, financial condition and cash flows from period to period. A failure to accurately predict the level of demand of our products could adversely affect our net revenues and net income, and we are unlikely to forecast such effects with any certainty in advance.
If the technology-based systems that give our consumers the ability to shop with us online do not function effectively, our operating results, as well as our ability to grow our digital commerce business globally, could be materially adversely affected.
Many of our customers shop with us through our digital platforms. Increasingly, consumers are using mobile-based devices and applications to shop online with us and with our competitors and to do comparison shopping. We are increasingly using social media and proprietary mobile applications to interact with our consumers and as a means to enhance their shopping experience. Any failure on our part to provide attractive, effective, reliable, user-friendly digital commerce platforms that offer a wide assortment of merchandise with rapid delivery options and that continually meet the changing expectations of online shoppers could place us at a competitive disadvantage result in the loss of digital commerce and other sales, harm our reputation with consumers, have a material adverse impact on the growth of our digital commerce business globally and could have a material adverse impact on our business and operations, some of which are beyond our control, pose risks and uncertainties. Risks include, but are not limited to, credit card fraud or data mismanagement.
Our financial results may be adversely affected if substantial investments in business and operations fail to produce expected returns.
From time to time, we may invest in technology, business infrastructure, new businesses, product offering and manufacturing innovation and expansion of existing businesses, such as our digital commerce operations, which require substantial cash investments and management attention. We believe cost-effective investments are essential to business growth and profitability; however, significant investments are subject to typical risks and uncertainties inherent in developing a new business or expanding an existing business. The failure of any significant investment to provide expected returns or profitability could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and divert management attention from more profitable operations.
Our business is sensitive to consumer spending and general economic conditions.
Our business may be adversely affected by the Ukraine-Russia war and the Israel-Hamas war, as well as macro-economic conditions such as inflation, employment levels, wage and salary levels, trends in consumer confidence and spending, reduction in consumer net worth, interest rates, the availability of consumer credit and taxation and tariff policies which may influence on public spending confidence. Recent dramatic downturns in the strength of the global stock markets, currencies and key economies have highlighted many, if not all, of these risks.
Consumer purchases in general may decline during recessions, periods of prolonged declines in the equity markets or housing markets and periods when disposable income and perceptions of consumer wealth are lower, and these risks may be exacerbated due to our focus on discretionary premium sporting good items. A downturn in the global economy, or in a regional economy in which we have significant sales, could have a material adverse effect on consumer purchases of our products, our results of operations and our financial position, and a downturn adversely affecting our consumer base could have a disproportionate impact on our business.
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There continues to be a significant and growing volatility and uncertainty in the global economy, which has gone on during and after the Coronavirus pandemic affecting all business sectors and industries. In addition, the on-going uncertainty in Europe and any resulting disruption could adversely impact our net sales in EMEA and globally unless and until economic conditions in that region improve and the prospects of national debt defaults in Europe decline. Further or future downturns may adversely affect traffic on our on-line sales portals and could materially impact and adversely affect our results of operations, financial position and growth strategy.
we have a material weakness in our internal controls, which could cause our financial reporting to be unreliable and lead to misinformation being disseminated to the public.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting. As defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), internal controls over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the principal executive and principal financial officer and effected by the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”), management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
| ● | pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company; | |
| ● | provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and/or directors of the Company; and | |
| ● | provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
We currently have a material weakness in our internal controls, which could cause financial reporting to be unreliable and lead to misinformation being disseminated to the public. Investors relying upon this misinformation may make an uninformed investment decision.
Failure to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could cause us to face regulatory action and also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, either of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects.
However, our auditors will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 until we are no longer a “smaller reporting company”.
The cost of being a public company could result in us being unable to continue as a going concern.
As a public company, we are required to comply with numerous financial reporting and legal requirements, including those pertaining to audits and internal control. The costs of maintaining public company requirements could be significant and may preclude us from seeking financing or equity investment on terms acceptable to us and our shareholders. We estimate these costs to be in excess of $250,000 per year and may be higher if our business volume or business activity increases significantly. Our current estimate of costs does not include the necessary expenses associated with compliance, documentation and specific reporting requirements of Section 404 as we will not be subject to the full reporting requirements of Section 404 until we no longer qualify as a “smaller reporting company”.
If our revenues are insufficient or non-existent, and/or we cannot satisfy many of these costs through the issuance of shares or debt, we may be unable to satisfy these costs in the normal course of business. This would certainly result in our being unable to continue as a going concern.
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Our ability to sell our products and services will be dependent on the quality of our technical support and our failure to deliver high-quality technical support services could have a material adverse effect on our sales and results of operations.
If we do not effectively assist our users in deploying our products and services, succeed in helping our users quickly resolve post-deployment issues and provide effective ongoing support, or it potential customers perceive that we may not be able to achieve the foregoing, our ability to sell our products and services would be adversely affected, and our reputation with potential users could be harmed. In addition, if we expand our operations internationally, our technical support team will face additional challenges, including those associated with delivering support, training and documentation in languages other than the English language. As a result, our failure to deliver and maintain high-quality technical support services to our users could result in customers choosing to use our competitors’ products or services in the future.
If we are not able to enhance or introduce new products that achieve market acceptance and keep pace with technological developments, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
Our ability to attract new users and increase revenue from existing customers depends in part on our ability to enhance and improve our platforms, increase adoption and usage of our products and introduce new products and features. The success of any enhancements or new products depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing, actual performance quality, market-accepted pricing levels and overall market acceptance and demand. Enhancements and new products that we develop may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain defects, may have interoperability difficulties with our platform, or may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenue. If we are unable to successfully enhance our existing platform and capabilities to meet evolving customer requirements, increase adoption and usage of our platform, develop new products, or if our efforts to increase the usage of our products are more expensive than we expect, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
Customer may experience difficulty in integrating E6 Connect or E6 Apex with third-party applications, which would inhibit sales.
E6 Connect and E6 Apex may serve a customer base with a wide variety of constantly changing hardware, operating system software, packaged software applications and networking platforms. If E6 Connect or E6 Apex fails to gain broad market acceptance due to its inability to support a variety of these platforms, our operating results may suffer. Our business depends, in part, on the following factors:
| ● | Our ability to integrate E6 Connect and/or E6 Apex with multiple platforms and existing systems and to modify our product as new versions of packaged applications are introduced; | |
| ● | Access to application program interfaces for the third-party software products that are integrated with our products; and | |
| ● | Our ability to anticipate and support new standards. |
Risk Related to the Company’s Legal and Regulatory Requirements
Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property and curb the sale of counterfeit merchandise could injure our brand and negatively affect our sales.
Our trademarks, copyrights, patents, designs and other intellectual property rights are important to our success and our competitive position. We devote significant resources to the registration and protection of our trademarks and patents. In spite of our efforts, counterfeiting and design copies may still occur. If we are unsuccessful in challenging the usurpation of these rights by third-parties, this could adversely affect our future sales, financial condition and results of operations. Our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights can potentially be met with defenses and counterclaims attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. Unplanned increases in legal fees and other costs associated with protecting out intellectual property rights could result in higher operating expenses. Additionally, legal regimes outside the U.S., particularly those in Asia, including China, may not always protect intellectual property rights to the same degree ad U.S. laws, or the time required to enforce our intellectual property rights under these legal regimes may be lengthy and delay our recovery.
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We may become subject to product liability lawsuits or claims, which could harm our financial condition and liquidity if we are not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims.
We may be subject to product liability lawsuits and claims that, individually or in the aggregate, could harm our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. We may face lawsuits or claims if our products do not perform as expected, malfunction or are used without complying with their specifications. Moreover, a product lawsuit or claim, regardless of merit, could generate negative publicity about our products, which could have a material effect on our brand, business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. Any lawsuit or claim seeking monetary damages significantly exceeding our coverage or outside of our coverage may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rate may have a negative effect on our operating results.
We may be subject to income taxes in multiple jurisdictions. We record tax expense based on our estimates of future payments, which include reserves for uncertain tax positions in multiple tax jurisdictions. At any one time, many tax years may be subject to audit by various taxing jurisdictions. The results of these audits and negotiations with taxing authorities may affect the ultimate settlement of these issues. As a result, we expect that throughout the year there could be ongoing variability in our quarterly tax rates as events occur and exposures are evaluated. Further, our effective tax rate in a given financial period may be materially impacted by changes in mix and level of earnings or by changes to existing accounting rules or regulations. In addition, tax legislation enacted in the future could negatively impact our current or future tax structure and effective tax rates.
We could be subject to changes in tax rates, adoption of new tax laws, additional tax liabilities or increased volatility in our effective tax rate.
We are subject to the tax laws in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Current economic and political conditions make tax laws and regulations, or their interpretation and application, in any jurisdiction subject to significant change. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which includes a number of significant changes to previous U.S. tax laws that impact us, including provisions for a one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of undistributed foreign earnings, and a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, among other changes. The Tax Act also transitions U.S. international taxation from a worldwide system to a modified territorial system and includes base erosion prevention measures on non-U.S. earnings, which has the effect of subjecting certain earnings of foreign subsidiaries to U.S. taxation.
Portions of our operations may be subject to a reduced tax rate or are free of tax under various tax holidays and rulings. We also utilize rulings and other agreements to obtain certainty in treatment of certain tax matters. These holidays and rulings expire in whole or in part from time to time and may be extended when certain conditions are met or terminated if certain conditions are not met. The impact of any changes in conditions would be the loss of certainty in treatment this potentially impacting our effective income tax rate.
We may also be subject to the examination of our tax returns by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. Although we believe our tax provisions are adequate, the final determination of tax audits and any related disputes could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of audits or related disputes could have an adverse effect on our financial statements for the period or periods for which the applicable final determinations are made.
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To the extent we may rely on endorsements or testimonials, we will review any relevant relationships for compliance with the Endorsement Guides and we will otherwise endeavor to follow the FTC Act and other legal standards applicable to our advertising.
The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) regulates the use of endorsements and testimonials in advertising as well as relationships between advertisers and social media influencers pursuant to principles described in the FTC’s Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising, or the Endorsement Guides. The Endorsement Guides provide that an endorsement must reflect the honest opinion of the endorser and cannot be used to make a claim about a product that the product’s marketer couldn’t itself legally make. They also say that if there is a connection between an endorser and the marketer that consumers would not expect and it would affect how consumers evaluate the endorsement, that connection should be disclosed. Another principle in the Endorsement Guides applies to ads that feature endorsements from people who achieved exceptional, or even above average, results from using a product. If the advertiser doesn’t have proof that the endorser’s experience represents what people will generally achieve using the product as described in the ad, then an ad featuring that endorser must make clear to the audience what results they can generally expect to achieve and the advertiser must have a reasonable basis for its representations regarding those generally expected results. Although the Endorsement Guides are advisory in nature and do not operate directly with the force of law, they provide guidance about what the FTC staff generally believes the Federal Trade Commission Act, or FTC Act, requires in the context using of endorsements and testimonials in advertising and any practices inconsistent with the Endorsement Guides can result in violations of the FTC Act’s proscription against unfair and deceptive practices.
To the extent we may rely on endorsements or testimonials, we will review any relevant relationships for compliance with the Endorsement Guides and we will otherwise endeavor to follow the FTC Act and other legal standards applicable to our advertising. However, if our advertising claims or claims made by our social media influencers or by other endorsers with whom we have material connection do not comply with the Endorsement Guides or any requirement of the FTC Act or similar state requirements, the FTC and state consumer protection authorities could subject us to investigations and enforcement actions, impose penalties, require us to pay monetary consumer redress, require us to revise our marketing materials and require us to accept burdensome injunctions, all of which harm our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.
For as long as we are a “smaller reporting company” we will not be required to comply with certain requirements that apply to other publicly reporting companies. We cannot predict whether the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies will make our common shares less attractive to investors.
We are currently a “smaller reporting company”. For as long as we continue to be a smaller reporting company, we may choose to take advantage of certain exemptions from reporting requirements applicable to other publicly reporting companies that are not smaller reporting companies. These include not being required to comply with the auditor attestation of our internal controls over financial reporting provided by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and not being required to provide certain disclosures regarding executive compensation required of larger publicly reporting companies. We cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive if we choose to rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result of any choices to reduce future disclosure, there may be a less active trading market for our shares and our share price may be more volatile. Further, as a result of these scaled regulatory requirement, our disclosure may be more limited than that of other publicly reporting companies and you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of such companies.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Shares
There is currently limited liquidity of shares of our common stock
We can give no assurance that an active trading market for shares of our common stock will develop on the Nasdaq or if it develops, will be sustained, or that the shares of common stock will trade at or above the public offering price. Failure to develop or maintain a trading market could negatively affect its value and make it difficult or impossible for you to sell your shares. Even if a market for our common stock does develop, the market price of our common stock may be highly volatile. In addition to the uncertainties relating to future operating performance and the profitability of operations, factors such as variations in interim financial results or various, as yet unpredictable, factors, many of which are beyond our control, may have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock. The liquidity of the Company’s common stock may be adversely affected by a reverse stock split due to the reduced number of shares outstanding following such an action. This effect could be further compounded if the market price of the Company’s common stock does not increase proportionately as a result of the reverse stock split.
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Our stock price may be volatile, or may decline regardless of our operating performance, and you could lose all or part of your investment as a result.
You should consider an investment in our securities to be risky, and you should invest in our securities only if you can withstand a significant loss and wide fluctuation in the market value of your investment. The market price of our common shares could be subject to significant fluctuations in response to the factors described in this section and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Among the factors that could affect our stock price are:
| ● | Actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly and annual operating results or those of companies perceived to be similar to us; | |
| ● | Weather conditions, particularly during holiday shopping periods; | |
| ● | Changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities analysts and investors, or differences between our actual results and those expected by investors and securities analysts; | |
| ● | Fluctuations in the market valuations of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us; | |
| ● | The public’s response to our or our competitor’s filings with the SEC or announcements regarding new products or services, enhancements, significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic investments, litigations, restructurings or other significant matters; | |
| ● | Speculation about our business in the press or the investment community; | |
| ● | Future sales of our shares; | |
| ● | Actions by our competitors; | |
| ● | Additions or departures of members of our senior management or other key personnel; and | |
| ● | The passage of legislation or other regulatory developments affecting us or our industry. |
In addition, the securities markets have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect market price of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations, as well as general economic, systemic, political and market conditions, such as recessions, loss of investor confidence, interest rate changes, or international currency fluctuations, may negatively affect the market price of our shares.
If any of the foregoing occurs, it could cause our stock price to fall and may expose us to securities class action litigation that, even if unsuccessful, could be costly to defend and a distraction to management.
The trading market for our common shares will be influenced by the research and reports that equity research analysts publish about us and our business. The price of our common shares could decline if one or more securities analysts downgrade our common shares or if those analysts issue a sell recommendation or other unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who elect to cover us downgrade our common shares, our share price could decline rapidly. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause our common share price and trading volume to decline.
Future sales of shares of our common stock by existing stockholders could depress the market price of our commons stock.
We had an aggregate of 29,881,672 issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock as of April 14, 2025. Our current directors and executive officers beneficially own approximately 16.8%, or 5,357,306 shares of our outstanding Class A common stock. The remainder of the outstanding shares may be sold, subject to certain volume limitations, pursuant to Rule 144 or other available exemptions. Also, in the future, we may issue additional securities in connection with financings and acquisitions. The amount of our common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then outstanding stock. Due to these factors, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock .
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Certain of the Company’s large shareholders may be able to exert significant influence on the Company and their interest may conflict with the interest of its shareholders.
Certain of the Company’s large shareholders, including our officers and directors, represented approximately 66.3% of the Company’s voting rights as of April 14, 2025. Therefore, these shareholders would be able to exert significant influence over certain matters, including matters that must be resolved by the general meeting of shareholders, such as the election of members to the board of directors or the declaration of dividends or other distributions. To the extent that the interests of these shareholders may differ from the interests of the Company’s other shareholders, the Company’s other shareholders may be disadvantaged by any actions that these shareholders may seek to pursue .
We have received notices of delinquency from the Nasdaq for violations of listing rules and there is no assurance that we will regain compliance and maintain our listing on the Nasdaq.
On August 19, 2024, the Company received a written notification from the Listing Qualifications Department (the “Staff”) of the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was ($10,508,104), and therefore, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq’s Listing Rule 5450(b)(1)(A), which requires a $10,000,000 minimum stockholders’ equity standard (the “Equity Rule”).
Pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule, the Company submitted a plan of compliance with Nasdaq, which was accepted, and which provided until March 31, 2025, to evidence compliance with the Equity Rule.. On April 2, 2025, the Company received a delist determination letter from the Staff (the “Nasdaq notice”) advising the Company that the Staff had determined that the Company had not regained compliance with the Equity Rule. Accordingly, the Staff indicated that unless the Company requested a hearing panel (a “Panel”) appeal of the delist determination, its securities would be delisted. The Company appealed Nasdaq’s determination to a Panel pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5800 Series which stayed the suspension of the Company’s securities. The hearing with the Panel is scheduled for May 15, 2025.
On November 5, 2024, the Company received a written notification (the “Bid Notice”) from the Staff notifying the Company that, for the 30 consecutive business days ended November 4, 2024, the Company’s security did not maintain a minimum bid price of $1 per share. Nasdaq stated in its letter that in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company has a compliance period of 180 calendar days from the date of the Bid Notice (the “Compliance Period”), and that it may regain compliance if the closing bid on the Company’s security is at least $1 for a minimum of ten consecutive days during the Compliance Period, which will end May 5, 2025. If the Company chooses to implement a reverse stock split, it must complete the split no later then 10 business days prior to the expiration of the Compliance Period, in order to regain compliance.
On November 5, 2024, the Company received an additional written notice (the “MVPHS Notice”) from the Staff notifying the Company that, for 30 consecutive business days ended August 8, 2024, the Company’s market value of publicly held securities (“MVPHS”) closed below the $15,000,000 MVPHS threshold required for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(b)(2)(C) (the “MVPHS Rule”). Nasdaq stated in its letter that in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(D), the Company has a compliance period of 180 calendar days from the date of the MVPHS Notice, and it may regain compliance if at any time during the Compliance Period the MVPHS closes at $15,000,000 or more for a minimum of ten consecutive business days.
There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to satisfy Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. If the Company’s common stock ceases to be listed for trading on the Nasdaq Market, the Company would expect its common stock would be traded on one of the three tiered marketplaces of the OTC Markets Group.
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If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on our company. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of our company, the trading price for our stock may be negatively impacted. In the event securities or industry analysts initiate coverage, or if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price may decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.
If our shares of common stock become subject to penny stock rules, it would become more difficult to trade our shares.
The SEC has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in penny stocks. Penny stocks are generally equity securities with a price of less than $5.00, other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or authorized for quotation on certain automated quotations systems, provided that current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities provided by the exchange or system. If we are unable to maintain or retain a listing on the Nasdaq and if the price of our common stock is less than $5.00, our common stock will be deemed a penny stock. The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, before a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document containing specified information. In addition, the penny stock rules require that before effecting any transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, a broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive (i) the purchase’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement; (ii) a written agreement to transaction involving penny stocks; and (iii) a signed and dated copy of a written suitability statement. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for our common stock, and therefore stockholders may have difficulty selling their shares.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
We utilize a Cloud-only architecture which enables us to reduce risk by leveraging the scalability, high availability, and advanced security features of cloud platforms, thereby minimizing the potential for system downtime and data breaches while ensuring seamless disaster recovery options.
All
Risk management in software development involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks that could impact the project’s success. This strategy begins with a thorough risk identification process, where potential issues such as technical challenges, project scope changes, and resource constraints are recognized early. Each risk is then assessed for its probability of occurrence and potential impact on the project. Based on this assessment, risk mitigation strategies are developed and implemented. These strategies might include adopting flexible project management methodologies like Agile, investing in training for team members, implementing robust testing and quality assurance processes, and maintaining open communication channels with all stakeholders. Additionally, regular risk reviews are conducted throughout the project lifecycle to ensure that new risks are identified and managed promptly.
The Company’s’ Cybersecurity Policies are updated annually and reviewed by Independent 3rd Party Vendors to certify compliance. The Company requires Cybersecurity Awareness training for all new hires and a minimum of an annual review of such policies for all employees. The Company created and deployed an extensive Learning Management System that tracks employee adherence to Cyber Security Awareness, HIPAA and other related content. The Company’s’ Cybersecurity Incident Response Policy provides specific steps for any employee that detects an attack to take to help stop the propagation of the threat and report the incident to their Superiors, the IT Team and the Security Manager.
| -30- |
While there are significant threats of all types in the modern connected world, studies show that phishing attacks and social engineering through email and other electronic means are of high concern. With the vast majority (some say as high as 95%) of such attacks originating via email, employee education on how to identify and handle suspicious email and other forms of communication is critical in protecting the data and infrastructure.
We
engaged an outside consulting firm to conduct a review of our information systems environment and make recommendations to improve security
where appropriate.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our headquarters are located in Centerville, Utah, where we occupy an office space under a three-year lease that we entered into in December 2022. Pursuant to the lease agreement, the term of the lease ends in November 2025.
Our warehouse is located in North Salt Lake City, Utah, which we occupy under a five-year lease that we entered into in June 2023. Pursuant to the lease agreement, the term of the lease ends in May 2028.
We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our current needs. When our leases expire, or if we need to hire more employees, we may exercise our renewal option or look for additional or alternate space for our operations and we believe that suitable additional or alternative space will be available in the future on commercially reasonable terms.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are currently not a party to any material legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our Class A Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “TRUG”. Our Class B Common Stock is not listed or quoted on any market.
Holders
As of April 14, 2025, there were 32 holders of record of our Class A Common Stock which includes CEDE & Co., the nominee of the Depository Trust Company, with 29,881,672 shares of our Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding. Because many of our shares are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of shareholders, we believe that the actual number of beneficial holders of our common stock is significantly greater than the number of record holders reflected in our stock records.
There were 3 holders of record of our Class B Common Stock, with 1,716,860 shares of our Class B Common Stock issued and outstanding.
Dividend Policy
The Company has never declared or paid dividends on our Common Stock since our formation, and we do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a charge related to the revaluation of certain warrants which is presents as a Dividend to Common Stockholders, however, no actual dividend was declared or paid.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The information required by this item will be incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A.
Sale of Unregistered Securities
All information related to equity securities sold by us during the period covered by this report that were not registered under the Securities Act have been included in our Form 10-Q filings and in our Form 8-K filings.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is intended to provide information necessary to understand our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 and highlight certain other information which, will enhance a reader’s understanding of our financial condition, changes in financial condition, and results of operations. In particular, the discussion is intended to provide an analysis of significant trends and material changes in our financial position and the operating results of our business during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains numerous forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks described throughout this filing, particularly in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
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Our Business
Since 1983, the Company has been passionate about driving the golf industry with innovative, indoor golf solutions. We build products that capture the spirit of golf. Our mission is to help grow the game by making it more available, more approachable and more affordable, through technology – because we believe golf is for everyone.
Our team has built award-winning video games (including Links, a popular sports game for PC), innovative hardware solutions, and an all-new e-sports platform to connect golfers around the world with TruGolf E6 Connect Software, our premier software engine. Since TruGolf’s beginning, we have continued to define and redefine what is possible with golf technology.
In addition to offering a variety of custom, professional, and portable golf simulators, TruGolf’s latest launch monitor, Apogee, was created to improve accuracy and to make using the launch monitor easier. Features of Apogee include: a unique Apogee Voice Assistant, a voice command system that allows users to navigate their TruGolf E6 Connect Software gameplay within rounds and practice sessions; Laser Launchpad, a laser indicator that shows users where to place the ball and when the system is ready to record a swing and Point-of-Impact (POI) slow-motion replay video.
Our suite of hardware offerings in the golf technology space is expansive, offering something for virtually everyone from gamers to beginners to professionals, and all consumers in between. Hardware offerings are sold through a global network of authorized resellers, retail outlets and direct-to-consumer through a dedicated TruGolf sales team. Our suite of hardware offerings ranges from entry level pricing at just under $400, to well over $100,000 for custom projects, creating a wide range of pricing options for nearly all consumers, and providing TruGolf with a competitive advantage in creating a wide consumer base as compared to its competitors (who often only focus in a narrow consumer price range).
TruGolf creates top golf technology software in the marketplace through its TruGolf E6 Connect and E6 Apex Software. Importantly, TruGolf’s software is designed not only for use with our suite of hardware offerings in the golf technology space, but also integrates with more than twenty-four third party golf technology hardware manufacturers, translating to a market integration coverage equal to roughly 90% of golf technology hardware in the global market space, which allows peer-to-peer play across these golf technology hardware manufacturers, allowing for a unification of the golf technology space. TruGolf’s software records, on average, over 725,000 indoor golf shots per day. TruGolf’s E6 Connect Software is both PC and iOS compatible and can be used both indoors and outdoors.
TruGolf has leveraged its unique position as one of the industry leaders in both hardware and software golf technology solutions to organize and found the Virtual Golf Association (VGA). The VGA is a gamified virtual economy that takes place inside the TruGolf E6 Connect Software. Users have a chance to earn points through play, practice, and more – providing a worldwide leaderboard of connected indoor golfers. Each shot users take rewards them with points. These points can be used to purchase in-game enhancements, or to enter virtual golf tournaments with real world prizes. The VGA is broken into three models:
| ● | Game Analysis – rewards TruGolf software users who measure their game. Users can set specific goals (e.g., shots hit per month, speed and distance gains, dispersion reduction) and earn points for hitting milestones. At the end of each month, users can see how they compared against all other users utilizing the Game Analysis features. | |
| ● | Connected Golf – rewards users for joining with their friends and playing golf online. Earn points for playing a new course or linking up to play nine holes with another player utilising TruGolf software. | |
| ● | Virtual Golf Association Events – events are worldwide leaderboard format, flighted by handicap, where users play and compete to shoot the lowest score. These contests include stroke play, closest to the pin, match play, stableford, and more. Users earn points based on how they finish in their division. |
In totality, TruGolf’s business model is designed to be positioned as the hub of golf technology, with groundbreaking hardware technologies that we believe can become the industry standard and unify the industry as a whole by serving as the leader of golf technology software solutions through its TruGolf’s software.
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Principal External Factors Affecting Our Operating Results
We believe that our performance and future success depend on many factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in the section entitled “Risk Factors”.
| ● | Market acceptance. The growth of our business depends on our ability to gain broader acceptance of our current products by continuing to make users aware of the significant benefits of our products to generate increased demand and frequency of use, and thus increase our sales. Our ability to grow our business will also depend on our ability to expand our customer base in existing or new target markets, including international markets. Although we have increased the number of users of TruGolf hardware and software product offerings and continue to grow our channels globally through established relationships and focused sales efforts, we cannot provide assurance that our efforts will continue to increase the use of our products. | |
| ● | Sales force size and effectiveness. The rate at which we grow our sales force and expansion channels and the speed at which newly hired salespeople and sales channels become effective can impact our revenue growth and our costs incurred in anticipation of such growth. We intend to continue to make significant investments in our sales and marketing organization and channels by increasing the number of sales representatives and expanding our international programs to help facilitate further adoption of our products as well as broaden awareness of our products to new customers. We are slowly expanding into EMEA through a quickly growing network of distributors that will each slowly develop their respective territories, sales from EMEA are still below 5% of total sales. We have also signed a Joint Venture agreement with a partner in China to manage all distribution needs across Asia. We are not required to invest in any of these markets, and as such take a lower margin on products sold there, therefore we expect slowly growing impacts on top line revenue from these globalization efforts. | |
| ● | Product and geographic mix; timing. Our financial results, including our gross margins, may fluctuate from period to period based on the timing of orders, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the number of available selling days in a particular period, which can be impacted by a number of factors, such as holidays or days of severe inclement weather in a particular geography, the mix of products sold and the geographic mix of where products are sold. |
Principal Components of Revenues, Costs and Expenses
Revenues
Our revenues come from the sale of TruGolf software and hardware, which products are sold through a global network of authorized resellers, retail outlets and direct-to-consumer through a dedicated TruGolf sales team.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues consists primarily of costs that are directly related to the delivery of our TruGolf hardware and software products, excluding depreciation but including direct material, labor, manufacturing overhead, reserves for estimated warranty costs and charges to write-down the inventory carrying value when it exceeds the estimated net realizable value.
Operating Expenses
Royalties
We have agreements with certain software golf hardware vendors who bundle our tracking and golf course software with their hardware. We pay them a royalty based on the number of units or subscriptions they sell. The royalty percentages typically range between 20% to 30%. The royalty agreements are for one year, with automatic renewals unless each party gives a thirty-day written notice of the intent to cancel the contract prior to the renewal date.
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Salaries, Wages and Benefits
Salaries, wages and benefits are expenses earned by our employees in the executive, information technology, finance and accounting, human resources, administrative functions and outside contractors. Also included in salaries, wages and benefits are employer payroll taxes, health, dental and life insurance expenses.
Selling, General and Administrative
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising, training events, brand building, product marketing activities and installation and shipping costs. We expect sales and marketing costs will continue to increase as we expand our international selling and marketing activities, hire additional personnel, and build brand awareness through advertising and training.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional fees paid for legal, accounting, auditing, and consulting services, bad debt, licenses and association dues, facilities (including rent and utilities) bank and credit card processing fees and other expenses related to general and administrative activities.
We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as we continue hiring to support our growth. We also anticipate that we will incur increased accounting, audit, legal, regulatory, compliance, and investor and public relations expenses associated with operating as a public registrant.
Interest Expense
Interest expense consists of interest expenses associated with issuing notes and balances outstanding under our debt obligations and the gross sales royalty payable, the amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discounts associated with such borrowings.
Principal Cash Flows
We generate cash primarily from our operating activities and, historically, we have used cash flows from operating activities and available borrowings under certain notes payable as the primary sources of funds to purchase inventory and to fund working capital and capital expenditures, growth and expansion opportunities (see also “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below). The management of our working capital is closely tied to operating cash flows, as working capital can be impacted by, among other things, our accounts receivable activities, the level of inventories, which may increase or decrease in response to current and expected demand, and the size and timing of our trade accounts payable payment cycles.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, costs and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
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Disaggregated Revenue
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||
| Golf Simulators(1) | $ | 13,708,760 | $ | 11,969,498 | ||||
| Content Software Subscriptions | 7,852,699 | 8,493,368 | ||||||
| Other(2) | 297,405 | 120,985 | ||||||
| Total net revenue | $ | 21,858,864 | $ | 20,583,851 | ||||
Results of Operations
Comparisons of the Years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
| 2024 | 2023 | Variance | ||||||||||
| Revenue, net | $ | 21,858,864 | $ | 20,583,851 | $ | 1,275,013 | ||||||
| Cost of revenue | 7,271,512 | 7,825,768 | (554,256 | ) | ||||||||
| Total gross profit | 14,587,352 | 12,758,083 | 1,829,269 | |||||||||
| | ||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Royalties | 706,214 | 709,640 | (3,426 | ) | ||||||||
| Salaries, wages and benefits | 9,314,415 | 9,681,323 | (366,908 | ) | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 6,669,684 | 11,027,332 | (4,357,648 | ) | ||||||||
| Operating loss | (2,102,961 | ) | (8,660,212 | ) | 6,557,251 | |||||||
| Other income (expenses) | (6,692,458 | ) | (1,622,897 | ) | (5,069,561 | ) | ||||||
| Loss before income taxes | $ | (8,795,419 | ) | $ | (10,283,109 | ) | $ | 1,487,690 | ||||
Revenues
Revenues increased by $1,275,013, or 6%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase is primarily attributable to the increase of our product acceptance and greater penetration in the industry market.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues decreased by $554,256, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in inventory adjustments of approximately $350,000 and a decrease in various cost of sales expenses of approximately $100,000.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses decreased by $4,727,982, or 22%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $4,357,648, or 40%, due to the Company granting the issuance of 821 shares of common stock to two consultants in March 2023 for consulting services with a fair value of approximately $4,500,000.
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Other Income (Expenses)
Other income (expenses) increased by $5,069,561, or 312%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase is primarily attributable to interest expense, amortization expense of the original issue discounts, and the write-off of remaining original issue discounts upon conversion related to the PIPE Convertible loans issued and converted during the year ended December 31, 2024, of approximately $5,900,000. This was partially mitigated by gains on fair value adjustment of warrants and investment of $142,319 and $262,035, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2024, we had cash on hand of $10,882,077 and a working capital deficiency of $982,237, as compared to cash on hand of $5,397,564 and a working capital surplus of $1,988,267 as of December 31, 2023. The decrease in working capital surplus is primarily a result of the reclassification of the dividends note payable from non-current liabilities to current liabilities. This decrease was offset by an increase in cash on hand of approximately $3,000,000.
The Company’s operating activities consume the majority of its cash resources. The Company anticipates that it will continue to incur operating losses as it executes its development plans for 2025, as well as other potential strategic and business development initiatives. In addition, the Company has had and expects to have negative cash flows from operations, at least into the near future. The Company has previously funded, and plans to continue funding, these losses with the sale of equity, and convertible notes. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Working Capital
| December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Current assets | $ | 14,792,931 | $ | 12,656,606 | ||||
| Current liabilities | 15,775,168 | 10,668,339 | ||||||
| Working capital deficiency | $ | (982,237 | ) | $ | 1,988,267 | |||
The increase in current assets is primarily due to the increase in cash on hand of $5,484,513. The increase in current liabilities is primarily due to the reclassification of the dividends note payable from non-current liabilities to current liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2024. The balance of dividends note payable was $4,023,923 at both December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (3,995,606 | ) | $ | (6,133,221 | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 741,143 | (2,620,558 | ) | |||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 8,738,976 | 4,495,077 | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash | $ | 5,484,513 | $ | (4,258,702 | ) | |||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $3,995,606 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and was primarily due to the net loss of $8,795,419, which was partially offset by non-cash expenses of $3,683,361 and an increase in deferred revenue of $1,408,786.
Net cash used in operating activities was $6,133,221 for the year ended December 31, 2023, and was primarily due to the net loss of $10,283,109, which was partially offset by non-cash expenses of $7,101,498.
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Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities was $741,143 for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was the result of the Company selling its short-term investments for $2,478,953 which was partially offset by an increase in capitalized software of $2,070,742.
Net cash used in investing activities was $2,620,558 for the year ended December 31, 2023, of which $2,493,145 the purchase of short-term investments.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $8,738,976 for the year ended December 31, 2024, of which $8,902,681 was net proceeds from PIPE loans.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $4,495,077 for the year ended December 31, 2023, of which $1,980,937 was advances from a line of credit and $2,433,059 was proceeds from notes payable.
Effects of Inflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our business, revenue, or operating results during the periods presented.
Convertible Notes
On February 2, 2024, we executed a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors (together, the “PIPE Investors”). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the PIPE Investors agreed to purchase (i) senior convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of up to $15,500,000 (the “PIPE Convertible Notes”), (ii) Series A warrants to initially purchase 1,409,091 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Series A Warrants”); and (iii) Series B warrants to initially purchase 1,550,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Series B Warrants,” and collectively with the Series A Warrants, the “PIPE Warrants”) (the “PIPE Financing”).
The Purchase Agreement contemplates funding of the investment (the “Investment”) across multiple tranches. At the first closing (the “Initial Closing”) an aggregate principal amount of $4,650,000 of PIPE Convertible Notes was issued upon the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions in exchange for aggregate gross proceeds of $4,185,000, representing an original issue discount of 10%. On such date (the “Initial Closing Date”), we also issued the PIPE Investors the Series A Warrants and the Series B Warrants.
In addition, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, each PIPE Investor has the right, but not the obligation, to require that, upon notice, the Company sell to such PIPE Investor at one or more additional closings such PIPE Investor’s pro rata share of up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $10,850,000 in additional PIPE Convertible Notes (each such additional closing, an “Additional Optional Closing”). On December 16, 2024, one PIPE Investor exercised such right with respect to an aggregate principal amount of $2,100,000 of additional PIPE Convertible Notes (the “Additional Notes”) and on such date the Additional Notes were issued in exchange for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,189,000, representing an original issue discount of 10%. On January 8, 2025, one PIPE Investor exercised such right with respect to an aggregate principal amount of $2,800,000 of Additional Notes and on such date the Additional Notes were issued in exchange for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,520,000, representing an original issue discount of 10%.
On August 13, 2024, the Company entered into waiver and amendment agreements (the “Waivers”), pursuant to which the Company and the PIPE Investors agreed to waive certain breaches or defaults by the Company. In connection with the Waiver, the Company issued an aggregate of 192,151 shares in satisfaction of certain registration statement delay payments and issued an aggregate of 157,582 shares in satisfaction of outstanding interest payments. Such payments were made at the “Alternate Conversion Price” set forth in the PIPE Convertible Notes, which is equal to the lesser of (i) the Conversion Price, and (ii) 90% of the lowest volume weighted average price of the Class A common stock during the five consecutive trading days immediately prior to such conversion.
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On November 7, 2024, the Company entered into those certain amendments to the Waivers (the “Amendments”). In connection with the Amendment, the Company issued an aggregate of 116,959 shares in satisfaction of certain registration statement delay payments and issued an aggregate of 65,790 shares in satisfaction of outstanding interest payments. Such payments were made at the Alternate Conversion Price.
Conversion Rights of the Notes.
Conversion at Option of Holder. Each holder of PIPE Convertible Notes may convert all, or any part, of the outstanding PIPE Convertible Notes, at any time at such holder’s option, into shares of our Class A common stock. The “Conversion Price” of all of the PIPE Convertibles is $1.00 per share, which is subject to proportional adjustment upon the occurrence of any stock split, stock dividend, stock combination and/or similar transactions. Upon the voluntary conversion by the holders of the PIPE Convertible Notes, in addition to the issuance of the Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of the principal amount of PIPE Convertible Notes, the Company shall issue to the holders in Class A common stock the sum of (A) all accrued interest on the PIPE Convertible Notes to date plus (B) all interest that would otherwise have accrued on such principal amount of the PIPE Convertible Notes if such converted principal would be held to the Maturity Date at the Conversion Price (the “Make-Whole Amount”). The Make-Whole Amount is convertible at the “Alternate Conversion Price” equal to the lesser of (i) the Conversion Price, and (ii) 90% of the lowest VWAP of the Class A common stock during the five (5) consecutive trading days immediately prior to such conversion.
With limited exceptions, if the Company at any time while an PIPE Convertible Notes are outstanding, issues any Class A common stock or securities entitling any person or entity to acquire shares of Class A common stock (upon conversion, exercise or otherwise), at an effective price per share less than the Conversion Price then the Conversion Price shall be reduced to the same price as the new investment.
Alternate Conversion Upon Event of Default. Following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default (as defined below), each holder may alternatively elect to convert all or any portion of such holder’s PIPE Convertible Notes at the “Alternate Conversion Price” equal to the lesser of (i) the Conversion Price, and (ii) 90% of the lowest VWAP of the Class A common stock during the five (5) consecutive trading days immediately prior to such conversion.
Redemption Rights of Notes.
Holder Event of Default Redemption. Upon an Event of Default, each holder may elect to redeem all or any portion such holder’s PIPE Convertible Notes in cash at a redemption premium of 25% to the greater of (i) the amount then outstanding under such notes, and (ii) the equity value of our Class A common stock underlying the PIPE Convertible Notes. The equity value of our Class A common stock underlying the PIPE Convertible Notes is calculated using the greatest closing sale price of our Class A common stock on any trading day immediately preceding such event of default and the date we make the entire payment required.
Holder Bankruptcy Event of Default Mandatory Redemption. Upon any bankruptcy Event of Default, we shall immediately redeem in cash all amounts due under the PIPE Convertible Notes at a 25% premium unless the holder waives such right to receive such payment.
Holder Change of Control Redemption. Upon a change of control of the Company, each holder may require us to redeem in cash all, or any portion, of the PIPE Convertible Notes at a 5% redemption premium to the greater of the amount then outstanding under the PIPE Convertible Notes to be redeemed, and the equity value of our Class A common stock underlying the PIPE Convertible Notes. The equity value of our Class A common stock underlying the PIPE Convertible Notes is calculated using the greatest closing sale price of our Class A common stock on any trading day immediately preceding the earlier of (i) the public announcement of such change of control and (ii) the consummation of such change of control, and ending on the date we make the entire payment required.
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Events of Default. The PIPE Convertible Notes contain standard and customary events of defaults (each, an “Event of Default”), including but not limited: (i) the suspension from trading or the failure to list our Class A common stock within certain time periods; (ii) failure to pay to the holder any amount of principal, Make-Whole Amount, interest, late charges or other amounts when due; (iii) the failure to timely file or make effective a registration statement on Form S-3 pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement we entered into with the holders, (iv) our failure to cure a conversion failure or failure to deliver shares of our Class A common stock under the PIPE Warrants, or notice of our intention not to comply with a request for conversion of any PIPE Convertible Note or a request for exercise of any PIPE Warrants, and (iv) bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions (“ASU 2022-03”), which clarifies the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“Topic 820”), when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security and introduces new disclosure requirements for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820. ASU 2022-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. Management does not believe the adoption of any of these accounting pronouncements has had or will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued Update 2023-07 - Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and disclosure of significant expenses regularly provided to the CODM that are included within the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The amendments of ASU 2023-07 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted this new guidance for the year-ended December 31, 2024, on a retrospective basis, and the adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. (see Note 15)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued Update 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the disclosure requirements for income tax rate reconciliation, domestic and foreign income taxes paid, and unrecognized tax benefits. The amendments of ASU 2023-09 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, to disclose additional information about specific expense categories. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which clarified the effective date for ASU 2024-03. These amendments are intended to provided more information about types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods. Our significant estimates and assumptions include the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, and the valuation allowance related to our deferred tax assets. Certain of our estimates, including the carrying amount of intangible assets and goodwill, could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to us and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on our estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Because we are a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information called for by Item 8 is included beginning on page F-1 contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, who serves as our principal executive officer, and Chief Financial Officer, who serves as our principal accounting officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation and subject to the foregoing, our management concluded that, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of its principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of its consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
| -41- |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 based on the framework established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has determined that our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 was not effective.
A material weakness, as defined in the standards established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
The ineffectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting was due to the following material weaknesses which are indicative of many small companies with small number of staff:
| ● | lack of risk assessment procedures on internal controls to detect financial reporting risks in a timely manner; |
| ● | lack of documentation on policies and procedures that are critical to the accomplishment of financial reporting objectives; and |
| ● | lack of a Chief Financial Officer and personnel with experience and expertise in public company accounting and internal control over financial reporting. |
Management’s Plan to Remediate the Material Weakness
Our management plans to implement measures designed to ensure that control deficiencies contributing to the material weakness are remediated, such that these controls are designed, implemented, and operating effectively. The remediation actions planned include:
| ● | identify gaps in our skills base and the expertise of our staff required to meet the financial reporting requirements of a public company; |
| ● | develop policies and procedures on internal control over financial reporting and monitor the effectiveness of operations on existing controls and procedures; and |
| ● | continue the search for a qualified individual to fill our Chief Financial Officer position. |
Our management will continue to monitor and evaluate the relevance of our risk-based approach and the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and is committed to taking further action and implementing additional enhancements or improvements, as necessary and as funds allow.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Our management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which may increase the risk that weaknesses or deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting go undetected. Our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting for as long as we are a “non-accelerated filer”.
| -42- |
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the year ended December 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
During
the three months ended December 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
| -43- |
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
| (a) | The following documents are filed as a part of the report: |
(1) For a list of the financial statements included herein, see the index to the financial statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, incorporated into this Item by reference.
(2) Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are either not required or not applicable or the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
| (b) | Exhibits. |
*Filed herewith.
**Furnished herewith.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
Not applicable.
| -44- |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
| By: | /s/ Christopher (Chris) Jones | |
| Name: | Christopher (Chris) Jones | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer, Director, Interim Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer, Interim Principal Financial Officer and Interim Principal Accounting Officer) | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| By: | /s/ Christopher (Chris) Jones | |
| Name: | Christopher (Chris) Jones | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer, Director, Interim Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer, Interim Principal Financial Officer and Interim Principal Accounting Officer) | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 |
| By: | /s/ Shaun B.Limbers | |
| Name: | B. Shaun Limbers | |
| Title: | Director | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 | |
| By: | /s/ Humphrey P. Polanen | |
| Name: | Humphrey P. Polanen | |
| Title: | Director | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 |
| By: | /s/ Riley Russell | |
| Name: | Riley Russell | |
| Title: | Director | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 |
| By: | /s/ AJ Redmer | |
| Name: | AJ Redmer | |
| Title: | Director | |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 |
|
| -45- |
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| F-1 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Stockholders of TruGolf Holdings, Inc.
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (the Company) as of December, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive gain (loss), stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
| /s/
|
|
| We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2024 | |
| April 15, 2025 |
| F-2 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||
| Marketable investment securities | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventory, net | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Capitalized software development costs, net | ||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Other long-term assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Notes payable, current portion | ||||||||
| Notes payable to related parties, current portion | ||||||||
| Notes payable, current portion | ||||||||
| Line of credit, bank | ||||||||
| Margin line of credit account | ||||||||
| Convertible notes payable | ||||||||
| Dividend notes payable | ||||||||
| Accrued interest | ||||||||
| Accrued and other current liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued and other current liabilities - assumed in Merger | ||||||||
| Lease liability, current portion | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Non-current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Notes payable, net of current portion | ||||||||
| Note payables to related parties, net of current portion | ||||||||
| Note payables, net of current portion | ||||||||
| PIPE loan payable, net | ||||||||
| Dividend notes payable | ||||||||
| Gross sales royalty payable | ||||||||
| Lease liability, net of current portion | ||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Deficit: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ par value, million shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding, respectively | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ par value, shares authorized: | ||||||||
| Common stock - Series A, $ par value, million shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding, respectively | ||||||||
| Common stock - Series B, $ par value, million shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding, respectively | ||||||||
| Common stock value | ||||||||
| Treasury stock at cost, shares of common stock held, respectively | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
| F-3 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| For the | For the | |||||||
| Year Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Revenue, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cost of revenue | ||||||||
| Total gross profit | ||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Royalties | ||||||||
| Salaries, wages and benefits | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other (expenses) income: | ||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Gain on fair value adjustment | ||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | ( | ) | ||||||
| Gain on investment | ||||||||
| Total other expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Loss from operations before provision for income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Provision for income taxes | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Net loss per common share Series A - basic and diluted | $ | ) | $ | ) | ||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding Series A - basic and diluted | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
| F-4 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE GAIN (LOSS)
| For the | For the | |||||||
| Year Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Other comprehensive gain (loss): | ||||||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) in fair value of short-term investments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Comprehensive loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
| F-5 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Gain (Loss) | Deficit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Class A Common Stock | Class B Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-in | Accumulated Other Comprehensive | Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Gain (Loss) | Deficit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock to consultants for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock to employees for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for conversion of dividend payable | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss in fair value of short-term investments | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock exchanged in Merger | - | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | - | $ | - | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock - Series A exchanged in Merger | - | - | - | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock - Series B issued in Merger | - | - | - | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revaluation of costs of merger | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for interest and make good | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for conversion of notes | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - common stock | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation - common stock | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - options | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation - options | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt refinance conversion | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized gain in fair value of short-term investments | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
| F-6 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| For the | For the | |||||||
| Year Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Amortization of convertible notes original issue discount | ||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use asset | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability | ( | ) | ||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | ||||||||
| Fair value of warrants in excess of fair value of debt | ||||||||
| Bad debt expense | ||||||||
| Change in OCI | ||||||||
| Stock issued for services | ||||||||
| Stock issued for make good provisions on debt conversion | ||||||||
| Stock options issued to employees | ||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Marketable investment securities | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventory, net | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued interest payable | ||||||||
| Accrued and other current liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Lease liability | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Purchase of short-term investments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Capitalized software, net | ( | ) | ||||||
| Sale of short-term investments | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from PIPE loans, net of discount | ||||||||
| Proceeds from loan payable – related party | ||||||||
| Proceeds from investment fund (PIPE) | ||||||||
| Cash acquired in Merger | ||||||||
| Debt refinance conversion | ||||||||
| Proceeds from line of credit | ||||||||
| Proceeds from notes payable | ||||||||
| Proceeds from convertible notes | ||||||||
| Costs of Merger paid from PIPE loan | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repayments of line of credit | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repayments of loans assumed in Merger | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repayments of notes payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Repayments of notes payable - related party | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Dividends paid | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| Net change in cash , cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - beginning of year | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents - end of year | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental cash flow information: | ||||||||
| Cash paid for: | ||||||||
| Interest | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income taxes | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
| Derivative liability related to warrants | $ | $ | ||||||
| PIPE note principal converted to Class A Common Stock | $ | $ | ||||||
| Convertible notes exchanged for PIPE note | $ | $ | ||||||
| Class A Common Stock exchanged in Merger | $ | $ | ||||||
| Class A Common Stock issued in Merger | $ | $ | ||||||
| Class B Common Stock issued in Merger | $ | $ | ||||||
| Termination of loan payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Conversion of dividend note payable and accrued interest | $ | $ | ||||||
| Conversion of note payable to line of credit | $ | $ | ||||||
| Warehouse lease | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
| F-7 |
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – NATURE OF THE ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS
Nature of the Business
For over 40 years, TruGolf Holdings, In. (including its subsidiaries “the Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) has been creating indoor golf software and hardware and are focused on both the residential and commercial golf simulation industries. We design, develop, manufacture and sell golf simulators for residential and commercial applications. We offer portable, professional, commercial and custom simulators. In addition, to bundling our software with our simulators, we offer our E6 Connect and E6 Apex software as well as other gaming software on a standalone basis. We have leveraged the power of our hardware and software platform to create a collection of multi-sport games including football, soccer, soccer golf, frisbee golf, zombie dodgeball, and cowboy target practice.
TruGolf Nevada has been creating indoor golf software for 40 years. We began as a subsidiary of Access Software, Inc., a video game developer based in Salt Lake City, Utah (“Access Software”), which was co-founded in November 1982, by Christopher Jones, the Company’s largest stockholder, Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman. In April 1999, Access Software was purchased by Microsoft Corp., for its expertise in golf software development. Following the acquisition, the core programming and graphics team of Links™, which created Links LS 1999, one of the bestselling PC sports games of 1999, were spun out to TruGolf Nevada.
Since 1999, we have focused on establishing residential and commercial golf simulation as a viable industry, and since 2007, we have focused on fabricating custom golf simulators for luxury clients. Part of our initial strategy included partnering with hardware inventors to provide them world class software. Over time, we found that it was not viable to rely on these early hardware inventors alone, we also began building and selling our own hardware. In addition, we are working with a video game company to utilize their new dynamic graphics engine which will enable us to bring photorealistic golf courses to life through our E6 software (discussed below). In addition, we have developed multiple sources and 3rd party manufacturers for the raw materials or parts for our products, including but not limited to, steel or aluminum frames, fabric, turf, screens, projectors, PCs, cameras, lasers, infrared sensors, and supporting subsystems. The availability of the frames and fabric from our principal provider, Allied ES&A, has been increased as they have moved into a much larger facility directly located in a large employee base community and we have entered into negotiations with a second supplier in order to provide alternative sourcing if needed. A third supplier, Impact Signs, has also been used in the past and TruGolf Nevada believes that it could purchase turf, and screen supplies from them as well if needed. Both turf (Controlled Products), and screen suppliers (Allied), are so specialized that we have come to rely on one vendor for each, respectively. Turf particularly experienced some delivery delays in 2022 that have been rectified, additional inventory has been secured locally, and our highest volume portable simulators have been redesigned to use less raw materials from that vendor, while adding an improved hitting surface from a second vendor, Real Feel, to mitigate risk. Negotiations with a second supplier of screen materials is in progress. Projectors (TV Specialists), PCs, lasers, IR sensors and other systems come from multiple suppliers with no historical delay in supply. We have 2 primary suppliers of cameras, IDS and Basler, and have integrated products from both in the new Apogee unit to ensure the greatest availability possible.
The Company is an “emerging growth company” as that term is used in the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, and as such, has elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements.
Corporate History
On January 31, 2024 the Company completed the previously announced business combination pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 21, 2023 (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), which provided for, Merger Sub to merge with and into TruGolf Nevada, with TruGolf Nevada surviving as a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. (“DMAQ”), a Delaware corporation and TruGolf’s predecessor company as a consequence of the merger (together with the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Business Combination”). In connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, DMAQ changed its name to TruGolf Holdings, Inc. TruGolf Holdings, Inc.’s Class A common stock commenced trading on The Nasdaq Global Market under the ticker symbol “TRUG” on February 1, 2024.
| F-8 |
Trugolf Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp.) (the “Company” or “TruGolf”, “we”, “us”) was incorporated on July 8, 2020 as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination, with no material operation of its own. Our operations are conducted through our subsidiary TruGolf, Inc., a Nevada Corporation (“TruGolf Nevada”). TruGolf Nevada was formed as a Utah corporation on October 4, 1995, under the name “TruGolf, Incorporated”. TruGolf Nevada’s original business plan was the creation of golfing video games. On June 9, 1999, the TruGolf Nevada changed its name to “TruGolf, Inc.” Effective on April 26, 2016, TruGolf Nevada filed Articles of Merger with the State of Utah, Department of Commerce, and on April 28, 2016, TruGolf Nevada filed Articles of Merger with the Secretary of State of Nevada, pursuant to which TruGolf, Inc., a Utah corporation, merged with and into TruGolf Nevada, pursuant to a Plan of Merger. TruGolf Nevada was the surviving corporation in the merger. In connection with the Plan of Merger, TruGolf Nevada affected a four-for-one forward stock split of its outstanding common stock.
On
May 10, 2024 the Company formed TruGolf Links Franchising, LLC (“Links”), a wholly owned subsidiary in the state of Delaware.
Links has a sole member, TruGolf, Inc. Links was formed to establish and sell franchises that would use the Company’s indoor golf
and recreational sports simulators and other equipment. Links offers a Service Area franchise agreement for a single location. It also
offers a regional developer franchise agreement that allows the franchisee to sell franchises within its region. The upfront fees range
from $
Material Agreements
On
February 2, 2024, the Company executed a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors
(together, the “PIPE Investors”), and pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the PIPE Investors
agreed to purchase from the Company (i) senior convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of up to $
Nasdaq Compliance
On July 15, 2024, the Company received a deficiency letter from the Listing Qualifications Department (the “Staff”) of the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that since it failed to file its Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024 it no longer complied with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). The deficiency letter did not result in the immediate delisting of the Company’s common stock from the Nasdaq Capital Market. On August 14, 2024, the Company filed its Quarterly Report in the Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024 and the Company regained compliance with the applicable Nasdaq rule.
On
August 19, 2024, the Company received a written notification (the “ Equity Notice”) from the Listing Qualifications Department
(the “Staff”) of the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that, based on the Company’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was ($
Pursuant to Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5810(c)(2)(C), the Company was provided 45 calendar days, or until November 18, 2024, to supply a specific plan to regain compliance with all Nasdaq Global Market listing requirements and the Company’s time frame to complete its plan. The Company submitted its plan of compliance on November 18, 2024, which was accepted by the Staff, and Nasdaq granted an extension of 180 calendar days from the date of the Equity Notice, or until March 31, 2025, to evidence compliance. On April 2, 2025, the Company received a delist determination letter from the Staff (the “Nasdaq Notice”) advising the Company that the Staff had determined that the Company had not regained compliance with the Global Equity Standard. Accordingly, the Staff indicated that unless the Company requests a hearing panel (a “Panel”) appeal of the delist determination by April 9, 2025, its securities would be delisted on April 11, 2025.
| F-9 |
On April 9, 2025, the Company appealed Nasdaq’s determination to a Panel pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5800 Series to stay the suspension of the Company’s securities pending the Panel’s decision.
On November 5, 2024, the Company received a written notification (the “Bid Notice”) from the Staff notifying the Company that, for the 30 consecutive business days ended November 4, 2024, the Company’s security did not maintain a minimum bid price of $ per share. Nasdaq stated in its letter that in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company has a compliance period of 180 calendar days from the date of the Bid Notice (the “Compliance Period”), and that it may regain compliance if the closing bid on the Company’s security is at least $1 for a minimum of ten consecutive days during the Compliance Period, which will end May 5, 2025. If the Company chooses to implement a reverse stock split, it must complete the split no later than 10 business days prior to the expiration of the Compliance Period, in order to regain compliance.
On
November 5, 2024,
Liquidity
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which
contemplates realization of assets and satisfying liabilities in the normal course of business. At December 31, 2024, the Company has
an accumulated deficit of approximately $
To
date the Company has been funding operations primarily through the reinvestment of free cash flows generated from our business operations,
sale of equity in private placements, PIPE convertible debt instruments and revenues generated by the Company’s services. During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company received $
Based on its current cash resources and commitments, the Company believes it will be able to maintain its current planned development and corresponding level of expenditure for at least twelve months from the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, although no assurance can be given that it will not need additional funds prior to such time.
NOTE 2 – BUSINESS COMBINATION AND PURCHASE PRICE ALLOCATION
On January 31, 2024, the Company consummated the Business Combination contemplated by the Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 21, 2023 (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among the DMAQ, Merger Sub , Bright Vision Sponsor LLC, in the capacity as DMAQ’s Representative thereunder, Christopher Jones, in the capacity as TruGolf Nevada’s Representative thereunder, and TruGolf Nevada. As a result of the Business Combination, (i) Merger Sub merged with and into TruGolf Nevada (the “Merger”), with TruGolf Nevada surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of DMAQ, and (ii) DMAQ’s name was changed from Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. to TruGolf Holdings, Inc. The Company’s Class A common stock commenced trading on the Nasdaq Global Market under the ticker symbol “TRUG” on February 1, 2024.
| F-10 |
Accounting for the Business Combination
The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting, DMAQ was treated as the acquired company for accounting purposes, whereas TruGolf Nevada was treated as the accounting acquirer. In accordance with this method of accounting, the Business Combination has been treated as the equivalent of TruGolf Nevada issuing shares for the net assets of DMAQ, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of DMAQ and TruGolf Nevada were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, and operations prior to the Business Combination were those of TruGolf Nevada. TruGolf Nevada has been determined to be the accounting acquirer for purposes of the Business Combination based on an evaluation of the following circumstances:
| ● | Legacy TruGolf Nevada stockholders have a majority of the voting power of TruGolf | |
| ● | TruGolf Nevada comprising the ongoing operations of the combined company | |
| ● | TruGolf Nevada contributing a majority of the governing body members of New TruGolf, and | |
| ● | TruGolf Nevada’s senior management comprising the senior management of New TruGolf |
Exchange of TruGolf Nevada Shares for Shares of TruGolf
Based
on TruGolf Nevada shares of common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the Business Combination, the Exchange
Ratio determined in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement is approximately
SCHEDULE OF BUSINESS ACQUISITION CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION
| TruGolf Nevada | ||||
| shares outstanding | ||||
| as of immediately | ||||
| prior to the Closing | ||||
| Ordinary Shares, par value $0.01 per share | ||||
| Exchange Ratio | ||||
| Estimated shares of New TruGolf common stock issued to TruGolf Nevada shareholders upon closing | ||||
The
common shares issued to legacy TruGolf Nevada shareholders consists of shares of TruGolf Class A common stock and
shares of TruGolf Class B common stock. See Note 17 – Stockholders’ Deficit for the detail of the remaining
The purchase price for the Merger was allocated to the net assets acquired on the basis of historical costs with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The following summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to net assets acquired in the Merger:
SCHEDULE OF ALLOCATION OF PURCHASE PRICE TO NET ASSETS
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | |||
| Net proceeds from investment fund (PIPE) | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | ( | ) | ||
| Loans payable | ( | ) | ||
| Net assets | $ | |||
| PIPE Convertible Notes Payable assumed in Merger | $ | |||
| Less: Original Issue Discount of | ( | ) | ||
| PIPE Convertible Notes Payable, net | ||||
| Payment of closing costs and other expenses | ( | ) | ||
| Net proceeds from PIPE Convertible Notes Payable assumed in Merger | $ |
| F-11 |
On
November 2, 2023 and December 7, 2023, Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. (“DMAQ”) executed loan agreements with certain accredited
investors (together, the “Prior Loan Agreements”) pursuant to which such investors agreed to loan DMAQ up to an aggregate
$
The
Purchase Agreement contemplated the funding of the investment (the “Investment”) across multiple tranches. At the first closing
(the “Initial Closing”) an aggregate principal amount of $
Subject
to satisfying the conditions discussed below, the Company has the right under the Purchase Agreement, but not the obligation, to require
that the PIPE Investors purchase additional Notes at up to two additional closings. Upon notice at any time after the 2nd trading day
following the Initial Closing Date, the Company may require that the PIPE Investors purchase an additional aggregate principal amount
of $
In
addition, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, as amended by the Waiver (described below) each PIPE Investor has the right, but not the
obligation, to require that, upon notice, the Company sell to such PIPE Investor at one or more additional closings such PIPE Investor’s
pro rata share of up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $
On August 13, 2024, the Company entered into those certain waiver and amendment agreements (the “Waiver”), pursuant to which the Company and the PIPE Investors agreed to: (i) waive any breaches or defaults caused by the Company’s failure to timely file its SEC reports through August 14, 2024; (ii) extend the date by which the Additional Optional Closings may occur until 11 months from the effective date of the initial Registration Statement; (iii) permit the Company to raise debt financing from its affiliates through non-convertible, unsecured notes with a maturity date that is later than the maturity date of the PIPE Convertible Notes; (iv) waive certain registration failures until September 3, 2024 and permit the issuance of common stock to satisfy certain registration failures; and (v) allow the Company to satisfy the interest payments due April 1, 2024, July 1, 2024 and October 1, 2024 from the issuance of common stock or by allowing such amounts to be added to the principal amount of the PIPE Convertible Notes, at the option of the PIPE Investors. In addition, certain PIPE Investors agreed to acquire additional PIPE Convertible Notes without regard to any volume or price requirements in the instruments. In connection with the Waiver, the Company issued an aggregate of shares in satisfaction of certain registration statement delay payments and issued an aggregate of shares in satisfaction of outstanding interest payments. Such payments were made at the “Alternate Conversion Price” set forth in the PIPE Convertible Notes, which is equal to the lesser of (i) the Conversion Price, and (ii) 90% of the lowest volume weighted average price of the Class A common stock during the five consecutive trading days immediately prior to such conversion. Additionally, the Company issued shares to a PIPE Investor as a result of language in the PIPE Convertible Note related to ownership percentage prior to the Merger.
| F-12 |
On November 7, 2024, the Company entered into those certain amendments to the Waivers (the “Amendments”), pursuant to which the Company and the PIPE Investors agreed to: (i) waive any breaches or defaults caused by the Company’s failure to timely file its SEC reports through August 21, 2024; and (ii) waive certain registration failures until October 3, 2024. In addition, the PIPE Investors waived any breaches or defaults that may have occurred or will occur solely as a result of the Company’s failure to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market due to: (i) the Company’s failure to meet the stockholders’ equity requirement for continued listing, provided that the foregoing waiver shall expire on January 15, 2025, (ii) the Company’s failure to meet the market value of publicly held shares requirement for continued listing, provided that the foregoing waiver shall expire on January 15, 2025, and/or (iii) the Company’s failure to meet the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing; provided that the foregoing waiver shall expire on January 15, 2025, provided further that to the extent the Company is in compliance with all other Nasdaq Stock Market listing requirements and has filed a preliminary proxy statement to hold a special meeting to vote on a reverse stock split to remedy the bid price failure, the waiver shall be extended to March 15, 2025. In connection with the Amendment, the Company issued an aggregate of shares in satisfaction of certain registration statement delay payments and issued an aggregate of shares in satisfaction of outstanding interest payments. Such payments were made at the “Alternate Conversion Price” set forth in the PIPE Convertible Notes, which is equal to the lesser of (i) the Conversion Price, and (ii) 90% of the lowest volume weighted average price of the Class A common stock during the five consecutive trading days immediately prior to such conversion.
On
November 7, 2024, certain PIPE Investors agreed to purchase additional PIPE Convertible Notes in aggregate principal amount of $
On
December 6, 2024, a certain PIPE Investor agreed to purchase additional PIPE Convertible Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $
As of December 31, 2024, the Company recorded PIPE Convertible Notes payable
of $
NOTE 3 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist in understanding the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Such consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are the representations of the Company’s management, who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. The Company operates in one business segment, which is Golf Simulators.
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 to conform to the financial statement presentation for the year ended December 31, 2024. These reclassifications had no effect on net loss or cash flows as previously reported.
| F-13 |
Use of Estimates
Preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates these estimates and judgments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Key estimates relate primarily to determining the net realizable value and demand for inventory, useful lives associated with property and equipment and capitalized software, valuation allowances with respect to deferred tax assets, contingencies, and the valuation and assumptions underlying share-based compensation and equity warrants. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates compared to historical experience and trends, which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents primarily consist of institutional money market funds, U.S. Treasury securities, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper and are carried at cost, which approximates fair value.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company maintains the majority of its cash and cash equivalents in accounts with large financial institutions. At times, balances in these accounts may exceed federally insured limits; however, to date, the Company has not incurred any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.
Marketable Investment Securities
The Company generally invests its excess cash in investments in corporate fixed income securities and U.S. Treasury securities. Such investments are included in cash and cash equivalents or marketable investment securities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are classified based on original maturity. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity date of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents and considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity greater than 90 days and less than one year to be marketable securities.
Marketable fixed income securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses on the sale of marketable securities are determined using the average cost method on a first-in, first-out basis and recorded in total other income (expense), net in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether declines in fair value below carrying value are due to expected credit losses, as well as its ability and intent to hold the investment until a forecasted recovery of the carrying value occurs. Expected credit losses are recorded as an allowance through other income (expense), net on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold and liquidated most of its marketable securities resulting in a gain of $
Accounts Receivable, net
Accounts
receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The Company periodically
assesses its accounts and other receivables for collectability on a specific identification basis. The Company estimates its allowance
using a rate loss model based on delinquency. The estimated loss rate is based on historical experience with specific customers, understanding
of the Company’s current economic circumstances, reasonable and supportable forecasts, and the Company’s judgment as to the
likelihood of ultimate payment based upon available data. Management believes the Company’s credit risk is mitigated by the geographically
diverse customer base and its credit evaluation procedures. The actual rate of future credit losses, however, may not be similar to past
experience. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when a balance is determined to be
uncollectable. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts was $
| F-14 |
Inventory, net
The
Company’s inventory consists of raw materials and are valued at the lower of historical cost or net realizable value, where net
realizable value is considered to be the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable cost
of completion, disposal and transportation. Historic inventory costs are calculated on an average or specific cost basis. The Company
records inventory write-downs for excess or obsolete inventories based upon assumptions on current and future demand forecasts. As of
December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated over the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term (including renewals that are reasonably assured) or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. For internal-use software, external costs and employee payroll expenses directly associated with developing new or enhancing existing software applications are capitalized subsequent to the preliminary stage of development. Internal-use software costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use.
SCHEDULE OF ESTIMATED USEFUL LIVES
| Category | Estimated Useful Life | |
| Computer equipment and software | ||
| Furniture and fixtures | ||
| Vehicles | ||
| Equipment |
Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized, and minor replacements, maintenance, and repairs are expensed as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gains or losses are included in the Company’s results of operations for the respective period.
Capitalized Software Development Costs
The
Company capitalizes certain costs related to the development of our software used in our simulators. In accordance with authoritative
guidance, including the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 985-20, Software
– Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed, the Company began to capitalize these costs when the technological feasibility
was established and preliminary development efforts were successfully completed, management authorized and committed project funding,
and it was probable that the project would be completed and the software would be used as intended. Such costs are amortized when placed
in service, on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of the related asset, estimated to be three years beginning on February
1, 2024. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria together with costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed as incurred
and recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not capitalize
any testing or maintenance costs. The accounting for these capitalized software costs requires management to make significant judgments,
assumptions and estimates related to the timing and amount of recognized capitalized software development costs. The balance of capitalized
software development costs, net of accumulated amortization, at December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $
| F-15 |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or any other significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable. For asset groups held and used, the carrying value of the asset group is considered recoverable when the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group exceed the respective carrying value. In the event the carrying value is not recoverable, an impairment charge would be recognized for the asset group to be held and used equal to the excess of the carrying value above the estimated fair value of the asset group. Impairment charges are recognized within selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company did not record a loss on impairment during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Advertising and Marketing Costs
The
Company expenses advertising and marketing costs as they are incurred. Advertising and marketing expenses were $
Debt with Warrants
In accordance with ASC 470-20-25, when the Company issued debt with warrants, the Company treats the fair value of the warrants as a debt discount, recorded as a contra-liability against the debt, and amortizes the balance over the life of the underlying debt as amortization of debt discount expense in the consolidated statements of operations using the straight-line method. The offset to the contra-liability is recorded as either equity or liability in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets depending on the accounting treatment of the warrants. If the debt is retired early, the associated debt discount is then recognized immediately as amortization of debt discount expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Fair Value Measurements
As defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). This fair value measurement framework applies at both initial and subsequent measurement.
| Level 1: | Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. |
| Level 2: | Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. |
| Level 3: | Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement for nonrecurring fair value measurements of long-lived assets include pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques. |
| F-16 |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and other current liabilities approximate their fair values using Level 3 inputs, based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying amount of notes payable approximate the estimated fair value for this financial instrument as management believes that such debt and interest payable on the notes approximates the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The following table shows the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, marketable securities, and derivative liabilities by significant investment category as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
| Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Fair Value at December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Money market funds | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate fixed income securities | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasury securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Money market funds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Corporate fixed income securities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| U.S. treasury securities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Derivative liability(1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| (1) |
Leases
A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
In accordance with ASC 842, Leases, the Company recognized a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and corresponding lease liability on its balance sheets for its office space and warehouse. See Note 19 – Leases for further discussion, including the impact on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.
ROU assets include any prepaid lease payments and exclude any lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease if it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.
Leases
in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of office and warehouse rental. All of the leases are classified as operating leases.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets, including tax loss and credit carry forwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
| F-17 |
The Company utilizes ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method to compute the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the related financial amounts, using currently enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is “more likely than not” that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s net deferred tax asset has been fully reserved.
For uncertain tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, the Company recognizes the benefit of uncertain tax positions in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations when a determination is made that such expense is likely.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition Policy
Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of all contractual performance obligations and transfer of control to the customer and is measured as the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for corresponding goods or services. Each sales transaction results in an implicit contract with the customer to deliver a product or service at the point of sale. The Company has two distinct revenue streams: golf simulators and content software subscriptions.
Performance obligations under our contracts consist of hardware, software consisting of perpetual licenses and subscription licenses, and support within a single operating segment.
Golf Simulators – Substantially all the Company’s sales are multiple performance obligation arrangements for its golf simulators, for which the transaction price is equivalent to the stated price of the product or service, net of any stated discounts applicable at a point in time. Golf simulators are bundled and are comprised of both hardware, a software license (for the software to operate the simulator), and a content software subscription license. Revenue from golf simulators is recognized at the point in time when installation (hardware and software) has occurred and has been accepted by the customer. For transactions where the Company utilizes a third-party to complete the installation, the Company recognizes revenue solely for the simulator hardware upon delivery to the customer or third-party installer and then recognizes the remainder of the revenue upon installation and customer acceptance.
Perpetual License – Golf simulators require specific proprietary software to run the simulations. The Company records revenue from the proprietary software products under perpetual licenses. Revenue from the perpetual licenses is recognized at the time of installation and customer acceptance.
Content Software Subscriptions – The Company offers content software subscriptions for one and twelve months. We recognize revenue from these transactions when control has passed to the customer and the performance obligations have been satisfied. Control is considered to have passed to the customer when the software license has been delivered and accepted by the customer. The content software subscription revenue is recognized over the term of the contract.
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue represents either customer advance payments or performance obligations that have not yet been met.
Revenue
from golf simulators and perpetual software licenses is deferred and primarily recognized upon the installation of the golf simulators
and acceptance from the customer. Revenue from content software subscriptions is deferred and recognized ratably over the life of the
subscription (one or twelve months). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $
| F-18 |
Remaining Performance Obligations
As
of December 31, 2024, approximately $
Disaggregated Revenue
SCHEDULE OF DISAGGREGATED REVENUE
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||
| Golf Simulators(1) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Content Software Subscriptions | ||||||||
| Other(2) | ||||||||
| Total net revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | ||
| (2) |
Cost of Revenues
Cost
of revenue includes direct materials, labor, manufacturing overhead costs and reserves for estimated warranty cost (excluding depreciation).
Cost of revenues also includes charges to write down the carrying value of the inventory when it exceeds its estimated net realizable
value and to provide for on-hand inventories that are either obsolete or in excess of forecasted demand, as consistently reviewed by
the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded an expense of $
Royalties
The
Company has royalty agreements with certain software suppliers to pay royalties based on the number of units and subscriptions sold.
The royalty percentages range between
Net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All outstanding options and warrants are considered potentially outstanding common stock. The dilutive effect, if any, of stock options or warrants is calculated using the treasury stock method. All outstanding convertible notes are considered common stock at the beginning of the period or at the time of issuance, if later, pursuant to the if-converted method.
SCHEDULE OF LOSS PER SHARE
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Numerators: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Denominator: | ||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares Series A outstanding, basic and diluted | ||||||||
| Net loss per common share Series A, basic and diluted | $ | ) | $ | ) | ||||
Since the effect of common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive with respect to losses, the options, warrants and shares issuable upon conversion have been excluded from the Company’s computation of net loss per common share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| F-19 |
SCHEDULE OF POTENTIAL DILUTIVE SHARES
| Stock Options | ||||
| PIPE Convertible Notes(1) | ||||
| Common Stock - Series A warrants | ||||
| Common stock - Series B warrants | ||||
| Earnout shares - Earned in three Tranches over three years (assumes achievement of revenue and VWAP targets) | ||||
| Underwriter warrants to I-Bankers convertible at $/common share | ||||
| Total dilutive |
| (1) |
| F-20 |
The Company has the ability to grant employees a number of different stock-based awards, including restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units, stock options, and stock appreciation rights to purchase common stock, under the TruGolf Holdings, Inc. 2024 Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”). The Company records stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of stock awards at the grant date and recognizes the expense over the employees’ service periods. For performance-based awards, recognition of stock-based compensation expense also includes management’s estimate of the probability of performance criteria as of the end of each reporting period. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized net of estimated forfeitures and expense is not recognized for awards that do not vest if service or performance conditions are not satisfied.
Pursuant to Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, the Company accounts for stock options issued to non-employees for their services in accordance with ASC 718. The Company uses valuation methods and assumptions to value the stock options that are in line with the process for valuing employee stock options noted above.
Emerging Growth Company Status
The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that it is (i) no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates. The JOBS Act does not preclude an emerging growth company from early adopting new or revised accounting standards. The Company expects to use the extended transition period for any new or revised accounting standards during the period which the Company remains an emerging growth company.
Segment Reporting
The Company currently operates as one business segment, which is also the sole reportable segment, focusing on the manufacturing and sales of indoor golf simulators. The Company’s business offerings have similar economic and other characteristics, including the nature of products, manufacturing, types of customers, and distribution methods. The determination of a single business segment is consistent with the consolidated financial information regularly provided to the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM is its Principal Executive and Financial Officer and Director, who reviews and evaluates consolidated profit and loss and total assets for the purpose of assessing performance, making operating decisions, allocating resources, and planning and forecasting for future periods.
| F-21 |
Warrants
The fair value of the warrants is estimated on the date of issuance using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the warrants, expected stock price volatility, and expected dividends. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. Expected volatilities used in the valuation model are based on the average volatility of the comparable publicly traded on recognized stock exchanges. The risk-free rate for the expected term of the option is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions (“ASU 2022-03”), which clarifies the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“Topic 820”), when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security and introduces new disclosure requirements for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820. ASU 2022-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. Management does not believe the adoption of any of these accounting pronouncements has had or will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued Update 2023-07 - Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and disclosure of significant expenses regularly provided to the CODM that are included within the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The amendments of ASU 2023-07 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted this new guidance for the year-ended December 31, 2024, on a retrospective basis, and the adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. (see Note 15)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued Update 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the disclosure requirements for income tax rate reconciliation, domestic and foreign income taxes paid, and unrecognized tax benefits. The amendments of ASU 2023-09 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, to disclose additional information about specific expense categories. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which clarified the effective date for ASU 2024-03. These amendments are intended to provided more information about types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
NOTE 4 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of the following as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Trade accounts receivable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Other | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Less allowance for doubtful accounts | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total accounts receivable, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| F-22 |
NOTE 5 – INVENTORY, NET
The following summarizes inventory as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF INVENTORY
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Inventory - raw materials | $ | $ | ||||||
| Less reserve allowance for obsolescence | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Inventory, net | $ | $ | ||||||
NOTE 6 – MARKETABLE INVESTMENT SECURITIES
In
February 2023, the Company entered into a brokerage agreement and deposited $
SCHEDULE OF MARKETABLE SECURITIES
| Corporate fixed income securities, weighted average yield and maturity of | $ | |||
| Government securities, weighted average yield and maturity of | ||||
| Total marketable investment securities | $ |
NOTE 7 – OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS
The following summarizes other long-term assets as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Security deposit - Ethos Management loan(1) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Security deposits - leased facilities | ||||||||
| Total other long-term assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) |
NOTE 8 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
The following summarizes property and equipment as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Software and computer equipment | $ | $ | ||||||
| Furniture and fixtures | ||||||||
| Vehicles | ||||||||
| Equipment | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | ||||||||
| Less accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total other long-term assets | $ | $ | ||||||
Total
depreciation expense was $
The following summarizes capitalized software development costs as of December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
| Capitalized software - beginning balance, December 31, 2023 | $ | |||
| Capitalized software development costs - 2024 | ||||
| Less accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ||
| Capitalized software development costs, net | $ | |||
Total
amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $
| F-23 |
NOTE 9 – ACCRUED AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued and other current liabilities consist of the following amounts as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF ACCRUED AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Accrued payroll | $ | $ | ||||||
| Credit cards | ||||||||
| Warranty reserve | ||||||||
| Sales tax payable | ||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Total accrued and other current liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities assumed in Merger as of December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF ACCRUED LIABILITIES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES ASSUMED IN MERGER
| Accrued tax payable | $ | |||
| Total accrued and other current liabilities assumed in Merger | $ |
NOTE 10 – NOTES PAYABLE
Notes payable consisted of the following as of December 31:
Revenue from golf simulators and perpetual software licenses is deferred and primarily recognized upon the installation of the golf simulators and acceptance from the customer. Revenue from content software subscriptions is deferred and recognized ratably over the life of the subscription (one or twelve months).
SCHEDULE OF NOTES PAYABLE
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Note payable - Ethos Management Inc. | $ | $ | ||||||
| Note payable - Mercedez-Benz | ||||||||
| Note payable | ||||||||
| Less deferred loan fees - Ethos Management Inc. | ( | ) | ||||||
| Less current portion | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Note payable long-term portion | $ | $ | ||||||
Ethos Management Inc.
In
January 2023, the Company entered into a financing agreement with Ethos Asset Management Inc. (the “Ethos Loan” or “Ethos”)
in the principal amount of up to $
The
Ethos Loan stipulates that fundings should happen approximately every 30 banking days, subject to Ethos completing periodic internal
audits to ensure the Company was in compliance with the terms of the loan agreement. In August 2023, Ethos informed the Company that
unrelated to the Company, Ethos was undergoing a routine audit of its portfolio, and pending the close of the audit, borrowers may experience
delays in drawing on funds when requested. In February 2024, due to the lack of additional fundings and in accordance with the terms
of the Ethos Loan, the Company sent Ethos a notice of termination for materially breaching the Ethos Loan agreement. Based on the termination
for default clause in the Ethos Loan, the Company was entitled to retain all funds disbursed by Ethos and Ethos must release the Deposit
Collateral. At the date of the Ethos Loan termination the principal and accrued interest owed on the Ethos Loan was $
| F-24 |
Mercedes-Benz
In
November 2020, the Company entered into a $
JPMorgan Chase
In
June 2021, the Company entered into a $
In
December 2023, the Company entered into a one-year line of credit facility with JPMorgan. See Note 13 – Lines of Credit. The outstanding
note payable balance of $
Notes Assumed in Merger
As
a successor to DMAQ, the Company assumed notes payable from the Merger in the amount of $
On December 31, 2024, using the proceeds from the November 7, 2024, funding of additional PIPE Convertible Notes (See Note 11 – PIPE Convertible Notes) the Company repaid the remaining balance of such notes in full. The extinguishment of one of the convertible notes resulted in extinguishment accounting. See Note 11 – PIPE Convertible Notes for additional details.
NOTE 11 – PIPE CONVERTIBLE NOTES
On
November 2, 2023 and December 7, 2023, DMAQ executed loan agreements with certain accredited investors (together, the “Prior Loan
Agreements”) pursuant to which such investors agreed to loan DMAQ up to an aggregate $
Under
the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to require that the PIPE Investors purchase additional
PIPE Convertible Notes at up to two additional closings. On February 6, 2024, the first additional closing (the “First Mandatory
Additional Closing”) occurred for the sale of $
| F-25 |
The
second additional closing (the “Second Mandatory Additional Closing”) may occur upon notice any time following the second
trading day after the First Mandatory Additional Closing, and provides for the sale of up to $
In
addition, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, as amended, each PIPE Investor has the right, but not obligation, to require the Company
to sell to such investor its pro rata share of up to an aggregate principal amount of $
On August 13, 2024, the Company entered into waiver and amendment agreements (the “Waiver”) with the PIPE Investors. Under the Waiver, the parties agreed to, among other things: to (i) waive any defaults caused by the Company’s failure to timely file SEC reports through August 14, 2024, (ii) extend the deadline for Additional Optional Closings to 11 months following the effectiveness of the initial registration statement, (iii) permit the Company to raise non-convertible, unsecured debt financing from its affiliates, (iv) waive certain registration failures through September 3, 2024, and allow such failures to be cured through the issuance of common stock, and (v) allow interest payments due April 1, July 1, and October 1, 2024, to be paid in shares of common stock or added to the principal of the PIPE Convertible Notes, at the election of the applicable PIPE Investor. In connection with the Waiver, the Company issued shares of Class A common stock to satisfy registration delay penalties and shares of Class A common stock to satisfy accrued interest obligations. These issuances were made at the “Alternate Conversion Price” set forth in the PIPE Convertible Notes, which is defined as the lesser of the fixed conversion price or 90% of the lowest volume weighted average price (VWAP) of the Company’s Class A common stock over the five consecutive days prior to conversion. Additionally, the Company issued shares to a PIPE Investor as a result of language in the PIPE Convertible Note related to ownership percentage prior to the Merger.
On November 7, 2024, the Company and certain PIPE Investors entered into further amendments to the Waiver (the “Amendments”) under which the PIPE Investors agreed to waive any breaches or defaults resulting from the Company’s failure to timely file SEC reports through August 21, 2024, and extended the waiver for certain registration failures through October 3, 2024. The PIPE Investors also waived defaults related to the Company’s non-compliance with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market, including (i) failure to meet the minimum stockholders’ equity threshold, (ii) failure to meet the minimum market value of publicly held shares, and (iii) failure to meet the minimum bid price requirement. These waivers are effective through January 15, 2025, but may be extended through March 15, 2025, solely with respect to the bid price deficiency, provided the Company remains in compliance with all other listing requirement and files a preliminary proxy statement to seek shareholder approval of a reverse stock split. In connection with these Amendments, the Company issued shares of Class A common stock to satisfy additional registration delay penalties and shares of Class A common stock for unpaid interest, also at the Alternate Conversion Price.
Also
on November 7, 2024, certain PIPE Investors agreed to purchase an additional $
One
of the November 7, 2024, PIPE Notes was exchanged for a convertible note payable and an unsecured note payable that were issued to the
same PIPE Investor. The exchange resulted in debt extinguishment accounting as the present value of the future cash flows of the new
PIPE Convertible Note was greater than 10% of the remaining present value of the cash flows of the exchanged notes. As a result, the
Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $
On
December 16, 2024, a certain PIPE Investor agreed to purchase an additional $
| F-26 |
PIPE Convertible Notes payable consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF PIPE CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
| PIPE Convertible Note - Tranche 1 - February 7, 2024 | $ | |||
| PIPE Convertible Note - Tranche 2 - November 7, 2024 | ||||
| PIPE Convertible Note - Tranche 2 - December 16, 2024 | ||||
| PIPE Convertible Note, gross | ||||
| Less Debt Discount associated with OID and Warrants | ( | ) | ||
| PIPE Convertible Notes, net | ||||
| Less gross PIPE Convertible Note principal converted into Class A common stock | ( | ) | ||
| Add accretion of debt discount | ||||
| Total PIPE Convertible Notes, net | $ |
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company converted an aggregate principal amount of $
NOTE 12 – RELATED PARTY NOTES AND LOANS PAYABLE
Related party notes payable consisted of the following as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF RELATED PARTY NOTES PAYABLE
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Note payable - ARJ Trust | $ | $ | ||||||
| Note payable - McKettrick | ||||||||
| Note payable - Carver | ||||||||
| Loan - Chris Jones | ||||||||
| Notes payable | ||||||||
| Less current portion | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Note payable long-term portion | $ | $ | ||||||
Future maturities of related party notes and loan payables as of December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MATURITIES OF RELATED PARTY NOTES PAYABLE
| 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| Total | $ |
ARJ Trust
In
December 2008, the Company entered into a note payable with ARJ Trust, a trust that is indirectly controlled by the Company’s chief
executive officer. The note has a principal amount of $
In
June 2010, the Company entered into a second note payable with ARJ Trust. The note has a principal amount of $
On
The
Company made interest-only payments of $
| F-27 |
McKettrick
In
May 2019, the Company entered into a $
Carver
In
January 2021, the Company entered into a $
Chris Jones
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company chief executive officer loaned the Company an aggregate of $
NOTE 13 – LINES OF CREDIT
JPMorgan Chase
In
December 2023, the Company entered into a $
The
line of credit is secured by a pledge of $
Morgan Stanley
During
February 2023, the Company entered into a variable rate line of credit with Morgan Stanley which was secured by the marketable securities
held in our brokerage account (See Note 6 – Marketable Investment Securities). The Company terminated the brokerage agreement during
the year ended December 31, 2024, liquidated the vast majority of its investments and has $
NOTE 14 – CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
In
May 2022, the Company entered into two separate but identical $
| F-28 |
The
warrants were exercisable at $
The
Noteholder has the right, at any time on or after the issuance date and prior to the maturity date, to convert all or any portion of
the then outstanding and unpaid principal plus any accrued interest thereon into shares of TruGolf Nevada’s common stock. The per
share conversion price will be convertible into shares of common stock equal to
In the event the Company (i) makes a public announcement that it intends to be acquired by, consolidate or merge with any other corporation or entity (other than a merger in which the Company is the surviving or continuing corporation and its capital stock is unchanged) or sell or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or (ii) any person, group or entity (including the Company) publicly announces a tender offer to purchase % or more of the common stock, then the conversion price will be equal to the lower of the conversion price and a 25% discount to the announced acquisition provided, that, the conversion will never be less than a price that is the lower of (iii) the closing price (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) immediately preceding the signing of these notes; or (iv) the average closing price of the Company’s common stock (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five trading days immediately preceding the signing of these notes.
In
2022 and at the time off issuance, the Company elected to follow the relative fair value method to allocate the proceeds to the warrants,
OID, and convertible notes (collectively the “Financial Instruments”). Total estimated fair value of the Financial Instruments
was $
Based
on an estimated 70% discounted conversion price, the Company recorded $
In July 2023, the Company and Convertible Noteholders entered into Warrant Cancellation Agreements, whereby the warrants were canceled when the Merger (business combination) with Deep Medicine Acquisition Corp. was completed. Also in July 2023, the convertible notes were modified whereby the maturity date was extended by up to an additional eight months (February 29, 2024), to be in two extensions of four months each. Five days prior to the extension deadline the Company was to issue shares (total shares if the Company elects the two extensions) of TruGolf Nevada’s stock. The Company did elect the extension. The Company has not issued the shares as of the date of this filing.
There
was
As
of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balance of the Convertible Notes was $ and $
| F-29 |
NOTE 15 – DIVIDEND NOTES PAYABLE
Prior
to the Merger, TruGolf Nevada filed its tax returns as an S Corporation. Historically, all income tax liabilities and benefits of TruGolf
Nevada are passed through to the shareholders annually through distributions. dividends were declared during 2023 or 2022. During
2021, the Board of Directors declared $ in dividends to the shareholders, payable in cash as the Company’s liquidity allows.
During 2022, TruGolf Nevada paid the shareholders an aggregate amount of $
Dividends declared, distributed, and accrued are as follows as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF DIVIDENDS DECLARED, DISTRIBUTED, AND ACCRUED
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Accrued interest on dividends payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Dividends payable | $ | $ | ||||||
NOTE 16 – GROSS SALES ROYALTY PAYABLE
In
June 2015, the Company entered into a Royalty Purchase Agreement (the “Royalty Agreement”) with a purchaser (“Purchaser”)
for a gross sales royalty. The Purchaser agreed to purchase a sales royalty for the sum of $
| i. | If
the trailing twelve-month revenue of the Company is equal to or less than $ | |
| ii. | If
the trailing twelve-month revenue of the Company is equal to or greater than $ | |
| iii. | If
the trailing twelve-month revenue of the Company is greater than $ |
The
royalty percentage was fixed at
The
Royalty Agreement contains an option for a one-time buy down of the royalty rate. At any time following the date on which the Purchaser
has received royalty payments that are, in the aggregate, equal to two times the then applicable Aggregate Installment Amount ($
The Royalty Agreement also contains an option for a buyout upon the change of control. If pursuant to a proposed change of control the acquirer under such transaction requires, as a condition to the completion of such transaction, that the Company purchase and extinguish all amounts owing or to become owing to the Purchaser hereunder, the Company will pay the greater of:
| i. | An amount equal to two times the aggregate installment amount as at the date of the change of control buyout notice; and | |
| ii. | An amount equal to A multiplied by B multiplied by C, where: |
| a. | A is equal to the
aggregate installment amount as at the date of the change in control divided by $ |
|
| b. | B is equal to 0.8; and | |
| c. | C is equal to the net equity value of the Company; or in the case of a proposed asset sale, the proposed net purchase price of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. |
| F-30 |
The
Royalty Agreement does not contain a stated maturity date or bear interest. The agreement provides for a perpetual payment obligation,
whereby the Company is required to remit a royalty equal to either
Because
the gross sales royalty payable has no stated fixed interest rate or maturity date, it is considered variable interest perpetual debt.
The periodic variable payments to the Purchaser are recorded in interest expense. The outstanding balance at December 31, 2024 and 2023,
was $
NOTE 17 – STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Preferred Stock
The Company has authorized preferred stock of shares with a par value of $. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Pre-Merger Common Stock
During the year ended December 2023, TruGolf Nevada issued an aggregate of shares of common stock with a fair value of $ per share, to consultants for services rendered.
During the year ended December 2023, TruGolf Nevada issued an aggregate of shares of common stock with a fair value of $ per share, to two executives as compensation.
On
December 31, 2023, TruGolf Nevada issued an aggregate of shares of common stock with a fair value of $ per share, to certain
shareholders for conversion of notes payable and related accrued interest in the aggregate amount of $
Post-Merger Common Stock
Prior
to the Merger, the TruGolf Nevada had shares of common stock outstanding. As described in Note 2 – Business Combination
and Purchase Price Allocation, based on the TruGolf Nevada shares of common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing
of the Business Combination, the Exchange Ratio determined in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement is approximately
Upon the closing of the Business Combination, the ownership of TruGolf’s common stock was as follows:
SCHEDULE OF COMMON STOCK
| Accrual Redemptions | ||||||||
| Number of | ||||||||
| Shares Owned | % Ownership | |||||||
| TruGolf Nevada shareholders - Series A | % | |||||||
| TruGolf Nevada shareholders - Series B | % | |||||||
| Private Placement Investors(1) | % | |||||||
| DMAQ Public stockholders(2) | % | |||||||
| DMAQ Directors and officers | % | |||||||
| DMAQ Sponsor(3) | % | |||||||
| I-Bankers(4) | % | |||||||
| Total | % | |||||||
| (1) |
| F-31 |
| (2) |
| (3) |
| (4) |
Class A Common Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of shares of Class A Common Stock with fair values ranging from $ - $ per share to PIPE Convertible Note holders in lieu of cash for interest and make good provisions (See Note 11 – PIPE Convertible Notes).
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued and aggregate of shares of Class A Common Stock with fair values ranging from $ - $ per share to PIPE Convertible Note holders for conversion of outstanding PIPE Convertible Notes and related accrued interest and make good provisions (See Note 11 – PIPE Convertible Notes).
Class B Common Stock
The
Class B Common stock has
Outside of the shares of Class B Common Stock issued in connection with the exchange of TruGolf Nevada shares of Class B Common Stock at the time of the Business Combination, no shares of Class B Common Stock were issued during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Warrant and Option Valuation
The Company has computed the fair value of warrants and options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The expected term for warrants and options issued to non-employees is the contractual life and the expected term used for options issued to employees and directors is the estimated period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The Company utilizes the “simplified” method to develop an estimate of the expected term of “plain vanilla” employee option grants. The Company is utilizing an expected volatility figure based on a review of the historical volatilities, over a period of time, equivalent to the expected life of the instrument being valued, of similarly positioned public companies within its industry. The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining term consistent with the expected term of the instrument being valued.
| F-32 |
Warrant Offerings
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued
Series A Warrants
In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to Series A Warrants granted or issued, the Company used the following assumptions:
SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE ASSUMPTIONS OF WARRANTS
| December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Risk free interest rate | % | |||
| Expected term (years) | ||||
| Expected volatility | % | |||
| Expected dividends | % | |||
On
February 2, 2024, the Company issued five
The
weighted average estimated fair value of the Series A Warrants granted during the year ended December 31, 2024, was approximately $
Series B Warrants
In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to Series B Warrants granted or issued, the Company used the following assumptions:
SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE ASSUMPTIONS OF WARRANTS
| December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Risk free interest rate | % | |||
| Expected term (years) | ||||
| Expected volatility | % | |||
| Expected dividends | % | |||
On
February 2, 2024, the Company issued two-and-a-half-year
The
weighted average estimated fair value of the Series A Warrants granted during the year ended December 31, 2024, was approximately $
| F-33 |
A summary of the warrant activity during the year ended December 31, 2024 is presented below:
SCHEDULE OF WARRANT ACTIVITY
| Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted | Average | |||||||||||||||
| Average | Remaining | Aggregate | ||||||||||||||
| Number of | Exercise | Life | Intrinsic | |||||||||||||
| Warrants | Price | In Years | Value | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding, January 1, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Exercisable, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The following table presents information related to stock warrants at December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF INFORMATION RELATED TO STOCK WARRANTS
| Warrants Outstanding | Warrants Exercisable | |||||||||||||
| Weighted | ||||||||||||||
| Outstanding | Average | Exercisable | ||||||||||||
| Exercise | Number of | Remaining Life | Number of | |||||||||||
| Price | Warrants | In Years | Warrants | |||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||
NOTE 18 – DERIVATIVE LIABILITY
The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of Level 3 derivative liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
SCHEDULE OF LEVEL 3 DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES THAT ARE MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS
| Beginning balance as of January 1, 2024 | $ | |||
| Issuance of derivative liabilities | ||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | ( | ) | ||
| Ending balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ |
In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to derivatives issued and outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company used the following assumptions:
SCHEDULE OF DERIVATIVES ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING
| For The Year Ended | ||||
| December 31, | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| Risk free interest rate | % | |||
| Expected term (years) | ||||
| Expected volatility | % | |||
| Expected dividends | % | |||
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded new derivative liabilities in the aggregate amount of $
During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recomputed the fair value of the derivative liabilities to be $
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with the fair value recognition of ASC 718.
Stock Issued For Compensation
On April 17, 2024, the Company issued shares of Class A Common Stock to the former chief financial officer for services rendered with a fair value of $ per share.
| F-34 |
2024 Stock Incentive Plan
On October 24, 2024, the Company filed a Form S-8 to register shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock to participants in the TruGolf Holdings, Inc. 2024 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”). Shares issued or delivered under the 2024 Plan may consist of authorized but unissued shares of common stock, shares purchased on the open market or treasury shares.
On October 11, 2024, the Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of shares of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $ per share and a fair value of $. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model under the following assumptions as found in the table below.
| Number of Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Life In Years | Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding, January 1, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Exercisable, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted and vested during the year ended December 31, 2024, was $ and $, respectively. The weighted average non-vested grant date fair value of non-vested options was $ at December 31, 2024.
SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING AND EXERCISABLE
| Options Outstanding | Options Exerciseable | |||||||||||||
| Exercise Price | Outstanding Number of Options | Weighted Average Remaining Life In Years | Exerciseable Number of Options | |||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||
| F-35 |
SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTION GRANTED IN VALUATION ASSUMPTIONS
| For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Risk free interest rate | % | % | ||||||
| Expected term (years) | - | - | ||||||
| Expected volatility | % | % | ||||||
| Expected dividends | % | % | ||||||
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
SCHEDULE OF STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
| Weighted Average | ||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended Decemebr 31, | Unrecognized at December 31, | Remaining Amortization Period | ||||||||||
| 2024 | 2024 | (Years) | ||||||||||
| General and administrative | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||||||
NOTE 20 – LEASES
The Company is party to two leases: (i) office space in Centerville, Utah (the “Centerville Lease”) and (ii) a warehouse in North Salt Lake City, Utah (the “SLC Lease”). The Centerville lease is scheduled to expire in May 2028 and the SLC Lease is scheduled to expire in November 2025.
The Company has operating leases for its corporate headquarters and warehouse. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception based on the ability to control a physically distinct asset. Operating lease right-of-use assets are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets on the initial measurement of the lease liability as adjusted to include prepaid rent and initial direct costs less any lease incentives received. Lease liabilities are measured at the commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. The Company separately accounts for lease and non-lease components within lease agreements. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to present value the lease liability as key inputs to determine the interest rate implicit in the lease are not shared by lessors.
Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases are not recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. Payments for short-term leases are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
When
measuring lease liabilities for leases that were classified as operating leases, the Company discounted lease payments using its estimated
incremental borrowing rate at lease inception point. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied was
The following table presents net lease cost and other supplemental lease information:
SCHEDULE OF LEASE COST AND SUPPLEMENTAL LEASE INFORMATION
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Lease cost | ||||||||
| Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Net lease costs | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease - operating cash flows (fixed payments) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease - operating cash flows (liability reduction) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-current leases - right-of-use assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Current liabilities - operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-current liabilities - operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| F-36 |
Future minimum payments under non-cancelable leases for operating leases for the remaining terms of the leases following the year ended December 31, 2024, are as follows:
SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MINIMUM PAYMENTS UNDER OPERATING LEASES
| Fiscal Year | Operating Leases | |||
| 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| Total future minimum lease payments | $ | |||
| Amount representing interest | ( | ) | ||
| Present value of net future minimum lease payments | $ | |||
NOTE 21 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
The
Company currently operates as
In addition to the significant expense categories included within net loss presented on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations, see below for disaggregated amounts that comprise consulting, contract labor, personnel, business development, royalty, and marketing expenses:
SCHEDULE OF REVENUE BY SEGMENT INFORMATION
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Consulting expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Contract labor | ||||||||
| Personnel expenses | ||||||||
| Business development expenses | ||||||||
| Royalty expenses | ||||||||
| Marketing expenses | ||||||||
| Other expenses* | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| * |
NOTE 22 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Claims
There are no material pending legal proceedings in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or in which any director, officer or affiliate of the Company, any owner of record or beneficially of more than 5% of any class of its voting securities, or security holder is a party adverse to the Company, or has a material interest adverse to the Company.
NOTE 23 – INCOME TAXES
During the Year ended December 31, 2023 and prior, the Company was an S Corporation for federal and state income tax purposes with all income tax liabilities and/or benefits of the Company being passed through to the stockholders. As such, no recognition of federal or state income taxes for the Company has been provided for in the accompanying financial statements for 2023. Any uncertain tax positions taken by the stockholders on their individual returns was not an uncertain position of the Company.
| F-37 |
The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate applied to pre-tax net loss compared to the income taxes in the consolidated statement of operations as of December 31:
SCHEDULE OF RECONCILIATION OF THE STATUTORY FEDERAL INCOME TAX RATE
| 2024 | ||||
| Income tax benefit at statutory U.S. federal rate | ( | )% | ||
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit | ( | )% | ||
| Stock-based compensation | % | |||
| Non-deductible derivative liability change | % | |||
| Change in valuation allowance | % | |||
| Total tax expense | % |
Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The following table sets forth deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the year ended December 31:
SCHEDULE OF DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
| 2024 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||
| Net operating losses | $ | |||
| Stock compensation expense | ||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||
| Extinguishment of debt | ||||
| Depreciation | ||||
| Amortization | ||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( | ) | ||
| Other | ( | ) | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ( | ) | ||
| Valuation allowance | ( | ) | ||
| Net deferred tax asset/(liability) | $ |
The
valuation allowance recorded by the Company as of December 31, 2024, resulted from the uncertainties of the future utilization of deferred
tax assets relating primarily to net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards for federal and state income tax purposes. Realization
of the NOL carryforwards is contingent on future taxable earnings. The deferred tax asset was reviewed for expected utilization using
a “more likely than not” approach by assessing the available positive and negative evidence surrounding its recoverability.
Accordingly, a full valuation allowance continues to be recorded against the Company’s deferred tax assets, as it was determined
based upon past and projected future losses that it was “more likely than not” that the Company’s deferred tax assets
would not be realized. The cumulative valuation allowance as of December 31, 2024, is $
Management does not believe that there are significant uncertain tax positions in 2024. There are no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in 2024.
| F-38 |
The
Company has federal net operating loss carryforwards of $
The following table sets forth the tax years subject to examination for the major jurisdictions where the Company conducted business as of December 31, 2024:
SCHEDULE OF INCOME TAX EXAMINATION
| Federal | ||||
| Utah | ||||
| Tax years |
Federal and state laws impose substantial restrictions on the utilization of NOL carryforwards in the event of an ownership change for income tax purposes, as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). Pursuant to IRC Section 382, annual use of the Company’s NOL carryforwards may be limited in the event a cumulative change in ownership of more than 50% occurs within a three-year period. The Company has not completed an IRC Section 382 analysis regarding the limitation of NOL carryforwards.
However, it is possible that past ownership changes will result in the inability to utilize a significant portion of the Company’s NOL carryforward that was generated prior to any change of control. The Company’s ability to use its remaining NOL carryforwards may be further limited if the Company experiences an IRC Section 382 ownership change in connection with future changes in the Company’s stock ownership.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize research and experimental expenditures under IRC Section 174 for tax years beginning after December 31, 2021. This rule became effective for the Company during the year ended December 31, 2024 and resulted in the capitalization of research and development costs of $2,745,033 during the year ended December 31, 2024. Before the TCJA, businesses have had the option of deducting Section 174 expenses in the year incurred or capitalizing and amortizing the costs over five years. The Company will amortize these costs for tax purposes over five years if the research and development was performed in the U.S. and over 15 years if research and development was performed outside the U.S.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act was enacted into law. This Act includes a 15.0 percent book minimum tax on the adjusted financial statement income of applicable corporations, a number of clean-energy tax credits, and a 1.0 percent excise tax on certain stock buybacks. The Company does not expect these changes to have a material impact on the provision for income taxes or the financial statements.
As of the date of this filing, the Company has not filed its 2024 federal and state corporate income tax returns. The Company expects to file these documents as soon as practicable.
NOTE 24 – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
Cash Deposits
Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits. Accounts at each
institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $
Purchasing
During the year ended December
31, 2024, six manufacturers accounted for approximately
During
the year ended December 31, 2023, five manufacturers accounted for approximately
| F-39 |
NOTE 25 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
PIPE Convertible Notes
One
January 8, 2025, a PIPE Investor exercised its right, pursuant to the February 2, 2024, Purchase Agreement (see Note 11 – PIPE
Convertible Notes) to purchase an additional $
On January 16, 2025, the Company and certain holders of the PIPE Convertible Notes entered into an amendment to the November Waiver (the “January Waiver”) to extend the date by which the Company was required to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market to February 28, 2025 (see Note 1 – Nature of the Organization and Business); provided that, with respect to the minimum bid price requirement, to the extent the Company was in compliance with all other Nasdaq Stock Market listing requirements and had filed a preliminary proxy statement to hold a special meeting to vote on a reverse stock split to remedy the bid price failure, the waiver for such deficiency shall be extended to April 30, 2025.
During January 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of shares of Class A common stock with fair values ranging from $ - $ per share to PIPE Convertible Note holders in connection with the conversion of outstanding PIPE Convertible Notes and accrued interest.
During February 2025, the Company issued shares of Class A common stock with fair values ranging from $ - $ per share to PIPE Convertible Note holders in connection with the conversion of outstanding PIPE Convertible Notes and accrued interest.
| F-40 |
Exhibit 4.2
REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
The following is a description of the capital stock and certain warrants of TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (“TRUG,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) and certain provisions of our Third amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter”), bylaws, and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). This description is summarized from, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, and the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Certain terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), of which this Exhibit 4.2 is a part.
The Charter authorizes the issuance of 110,000,000 shares, of which 90,000,000 shares are shares of TruGolf Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 10,000,000 shares are shares of TruGolf Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares are shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
TruGolf Common Stock
Class A Common Stock
Voting Power
Holders of TruGolf Class A common stock are entitled to cast one vote per share of TruGolf Class A common stock. Generally, holders of all classes of TruGolf common stock vote together as a single class, and an action will be approved by TruGolf stockholders if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, while directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast. Holders of TruGolf Class A common stock are not be entitled to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.
Dividends
Subject to applicable law, the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over TruGolf Class A commons stock, the holders of shares of TruGolf Class A commons stock is entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions (payable in cash, property or capital stock of TruGolf) when, as and if declared thereon by the TruGolf Board from time to time out of any assets or funds of TruGolf legally available therefor and will share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions.
Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding Up
Subject to applicable law, the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of the preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over TruGolf Class A commons stock, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of TruGolf, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation, the holders of shares of TruGolf Common Stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of TruGolf available for distribution to its stockholders, ratably in proportion to the number of shares of TruGolf A common stock (on an as converted basis with respect to the TruGolf B common stock) held by them.
Preemptive or Other Rights
No shares of TruGolf Class A common stock are subject to redemption or have preemptive rights to purchase additional shares of TruGolf Class A common stock. Holders of shares of TruGolf Class A common stock do not have subscription, redemption or conversion rights. All the outstanding shares of TruGolf Class A common stock are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
Class B Common Stock
Issuance of TruGolf Class B Common Stock
Shares of TruGolf Class B common stock may be issued only to, and registered in the name of, Christopher Jones, Steven R. Johnson, and David Ashby (the “TruGolf Founders”) and any entities wholly owned by a TruGolf Founder (including all subsequent successors, assigns and permitted transferees), which we collectively refer to as “Permitted Class B Owners”.
Voting Rights
Holders of TruGolf Class B common stock are entitled to cast 25 votes per share of TruGolf Class B common stock. Generally, holders of all classes of TruGolf common stock will vote together as a single class, and an action will be approved by TruGolf stockholders if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, while directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast. Holders of TruGolf Class B common stock will not be entitled to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.
Dividend Rights
Subject to applicable law, the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over TruGolf Class B commons stock, the holders of shares of TruGolf Class B commons stock will be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions (payable in cash, property or capital stock of TruGolf) when, as and if declared thereon by the TruGolf Board from time to time out of any assets or funds of TruGolf legally available therefor and will share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions.
Liquidation Rights
Subject to applicable law, the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of the preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over TruGolf Class B common stock, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of TruGolf, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation, the holders of shares of TruGolf Class B common stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of TruGolf available for distribution to its stockholders, ratably in proportion to the number of shares of TruGolf B common stock on an as converted basis held by them.
Voluntary Conversion of Class B Common Stock.
Each share of TruGolf Class B common stock shall be convertible into one fully paid and nonassessable share of TruGolf Class A common stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to TruGolf. In order to effectuate a conversion of shares of TruGolf Class B common stock, a holder shall (a) submit a written election to TruGolf that such holder elects to convert shares of TruGolf Class B common stock, the number of such shares elected to be converted and (b) (if such shares are certificated), along with such written election, surrender to TruGolf the certificate or certificates representing the shares being converted, duly assigned or endorsed for transfer to TruGolf (or accompanied by duly executed stock powers relating thereto) or, in the event the certificate or certificates are lost, stolen or missing, accompanied by an affidavit of loss executed by the holder. The conversion of such shares hereunder shall be deemed effective as of the date of surrender of such TruGolf Class B common stock certificate or certificates, delivery of such affidavit of loss or the written election to convert for uncertificated shares. Upon the receipt by TruGolf of a written election and, if applicable, the surrender of such certificate(s) and accompanying materials, TruGolf shall as promptly as practicable (but in any event within 10 days thereafter) either (a) deliver to the relevant holder (i) a certificate in such holder’s name (or the name of such holder’s designee as stated in the written election) for the number of shares of TruGolf Class A common stock to which such holder shall be entitled upon conversion of the applicable shares as calculated pursuant to this Section 4.2 and, if applicable (ii) a certificate in such holder’s (or the name of such holder’s designee as stated in the written election) for the number of shares of TruGolf Class B common stock (including any fractional share) represented by the certificate or certificates delivered to TruGolf for conversion but otherwise not elected to be converted pursuant to the written election or (b) note the conversion of the shares on the stock ledger of TruGolf. All shares of capital stock issued hereunder by TruGolf shall be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all taxes, liens, charges and encumbrances with respect to the issuance thereof. Each share of Class B Common Stock that is converted pursuant the Charter will be retired by the Corporation and shall not be available for reissuance.
Automatic Conversion of Class B Common Stock
Each share of TruGolf Class B common stock will automatically convert into one (1) share of TruGolf Class A common stock any sale, pledge or other transfer, whether or not for value, by the initial registered holder thereof, upon any transfer, other than in each case any transfer to a Permitted Class B Owner. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, any holder of TruGolf Class B common stock may pledge his, her or its shares of TruGolf Class B common stock to a pledgee pursuant to a bona fide pledge of the shares as collateral security for indebtedness due to the pledgee so long as the shares are not transferred to or registered in the name of the pledgee. In the event of any pledge meeting these requirements, the pledged shares will not be converted automatically into shares of TruGolf Class A common stock. If the pledged shares of TruGolf Class B common stock become subject to any foreclosure, realization or other similar action by the pledgee, they will be converted automatically into shares of TruGolf Class A common stock upon the occurrence of that action.
Other Matters
No shares of TruGolf Class B common stock will be subject to redemption or have preemptive rights to purchase additional shares of TruGolf Class B common stock. All outstanding shares of TruGolf Class B common stock will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
The Charter provides that the TruGolf Board has the authority, without action by the stockholders, to designate and issue shares of preferred stock in one or more classes or series, and the number of shares constituting any such class or series, and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of each class or series of preferred stock, including, without limitation, dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, exchange rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, dissolution preferences, and treatment in the case of a merger, business combination transaction, or sale of TruGolf’ assets, which rights may be greater than the rights of the holders of the TruGolf common stock.
Representative’s Warrants
The Representative’s Warrants are exercisable at $12.00 per share. The warrant may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, at any time during the period commencing on the later of the first anniversary of the effective date of our IPO Prospectus and the Closing, and terminate on the fifth anniversary of the commencement date of sales in our IPO. The Representative’s Warrants grant to holders demand and “piggy back” rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the commencement date of sales in our IPO with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Representative’s Warrants. The exercise price and number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Representative’s Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at a price below its exercise price. There will be no obligation to net cash settle the exercise of the Representative’s Warrants. The holder of the Representative’s Warrants will not be entitled to exercise the warrants for cash unless a registration statement covering the securities underlying the warrants is effective or an exemption from registration is available.
Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law
So long as the outstanding shares of TruGolf Class B common stock represent a majority of the combined voting power of TruGolf Common Stock, the TruGolf Founders will effectively control all matters submitted to TruGolf stockholders for a vote, as well as the overall management and direction of TruGolf, which will have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of TruGolf.
After such time as the shares of TruGolf Class B common stock no longer represent a majority of the combined voting power of TruGolf Common Stock, the provisions of Delaware law, the Charter and Proposed Bylaws may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of TruGolf.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
TruGolf is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits a person deemed an “interested stockholder” from engaging in a “business combination” with a publicly held Delaware corporation for three years following the date such person becomes an interested stockholder unless the business combination is, or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder was, approved in a prescribed manner or another prescribed exception applies. Generally, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock. Generally, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. The existence of this provision may have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by the TruGolf Board, such as discouraging takeover attempts that might result in a premium over the price of TruGolf Common Stock.
Dual Class Stock
As described above, the Charter provides for a dual class common stock structure, which provides the TruGolf Founders, with the ability to control the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even if they own significantly less than a majority of the shares of TruGolf Common stock, including the election of directors and significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of TruGolf or its assets.
Special Meetings of Stockholders
The Charter and the Proposed Bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the Chairman of the TruGolf Board, the Chief Executive Officer of the TruGolf, or a majority of the TruGolf Board then in office.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations
The Charter and the Proposed Bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the TruGolf Board or a committee of the TruGolf Board.
Stockholder Action by Written Consent
The Charter does not provide the right of stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting.
Authorized but Unissued Shares
The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for the TruGolf Board to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of TruGolf. These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of our company.
Exclusive Forum Selection
The Charter and the Proposed Bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claims for: (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the TruGolf; (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by, or other wrongdoing by, any director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the TruGolf. TruGolf or TruGolf’s stockholders; (c) any action asserting a claim against the TruGolf or any director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the TruGolf arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Charter or Proposed Bylaws or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; (d) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the Charter or Proposed Bylaws; or (e) any action asserting a claim against the TruGolf or any director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the TruGolf governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. In addition, the Existing Charter and the Charter provide that, unless Deep Medicine consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. We note, however, that there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce this provision and that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for state and federal courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder
Although the Charter or Proposed Bylaws contain the choice of forum provision described above, it is possible that a court could rule that such provisions are inapplicable for a particular claim or action or that such provisions are unenforceable.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Trading Symbols and Market
Our Class A Common Stock is listed for trading on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbols “TRUG”.
Exhibit 4.4
Exhibit 10.6
Exhibit 10.7
Exhibit 10.8
Exhibit 19
TRUGOLF HOLDINGS, INC.
INSIDER TRADING POLICY
Purpose
This Insider Trading Policy (the “Policy”) provides guidelines with respect to transactions in TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) securities and the handling of confidential information about the Company and the companies with which the Company does business. The Company’s board of directors has adopted this Policy to promote compliance with federal and state securities laws that prohibit certain persons who are aware of material nonpublic information about a company from: (i) trading in securities of that company; or (ii) providing material nonpublic information to other persons who may trade on the basis of that information.
Persons Subject to the Policy
This Policy applies to all employees of the Company (and any future subsidiaries), and all members of the Company’s board of directors. The Company may also determine that other persons should be subject to this Policy, such as contractors or consultants who have access to material nonpublic information. This Policy also applies to family members, other members of a person’s household and entities controlled by a person covered by this Policy, as described below.
Transactions Subject to the Policy
This Policy applies to transactions in the Company’s securities (collectively referred to in this Policy as “Company Securities”), including the Company’s common stock, options to purchase common stock, or any other type of securities that the Company may issue, including (but not limited to) preferred stock, convertible debentures and warrants, as well as derivative securities that are not issued by the Company, such as exchange-traded put or call options or swaps relating to the Company’s Securities.
Administration of the Policy
Steve Bond shall serve as the Compliance Officer for the purposes of this Policy, and in his absence, Brent Willson or another employee designated by the Compliance Officer shall be responsible for administration of this Policy. All determinations and interpretations by the Compliance Officer shall be final and not subject to further review.
Individual Responsibility
Persons subject to this Policy have ethical and legal obligations to maintain the confidentiality of information about the Company and to not engage in transactions in Company Securities while in possession of material nonpublic information. Persons subject to this policy must not engage in illegal trading and must avoid the appearance of improper trading. Each individual is responsible for making sure that he or she complies with this Policy, and that any family member, household member or entity whose transactions are subject to this Policy, as discussed below, also comply with this Policy. In all cases, the responsibility for determining whether an individual is in possession of material nonpublic information rests with that individual, and any action on the part of the Company, the Compliance Officer or any other employee or director pursuant to this Policy (or otherwise) does not in any way constitute legal advice or insulate an individual from liability under applicable securities laws. You could be subject to severe legal penalties and disciplinary action by the Company for any conduct prohibited by this Policy or applicable securities laws, as described below in more detail under the heading “Consequences of Violations.”
Statement of Policy
It is the policy of the Company that no director, officer or other employee of the Company (or any other person designated by this Policy or by the Compliance Officer as subject to this Policy) who is aware of material nonpublic information relating to the Company may, directly, or indirectly through family members or other persons or entities:
| 1. | Engage in transactions in Company Securities, except as otherwise specified in this Policy under the headings “Transactions Under Company Plans,” “Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale” and “Rule 10b5-1 Plans;” | |
| 2. | Recommend the purchase or sale of any Company Securities; | |
| 3. | Disclose material nonpublic information to persons within the Company whose jobs do not require them to have that information, or outside of the Company to other persons, including, but not limited to, family, friends, business associates, investors and consulting firms, unless any such disclosure is made in accordance with the Company’s policies regarding the protection or authorized external disclosure of information regarding the Company; or | |
| 4. | Assist anyone engaged in the above activities. |
In addition, it is the policy of the Company that no director, officer or other employee of the Company (or any other person designated as subject to this Policy) who, in the course of working for the Company, learns of material nonpublic information about a company with which the Company does business (or may in the future conduct business or enter into a transaction), including a customer, supplier, or business partner of the Company, may trade in that company’s securities until the information becomes public or is no longer material.
There are no exceptions to this Policy, except as specifically noted herein. Transactions that may be necessary or justifiable for independent reasons (such as the need to raise money for an emergency expenditure), or small transactions, are not excepted from this Policy. The securities laws do not recognize any mitigating circumstances, and, in any event, even the appearance of an improper transaction must be avoided to preserve the Company’s reputation for adhering to the highest standards of conduct.
Definition of Material Nonpublic Information
Material Information. Information is considered “material” if a reasonable investor would consider that information important in making a decision to buy, hold or sell securities. Any information that could be expected to affect a company’s stock price, whether it is positive or negative, should be considered material. There is no bright-line standard for assessing materiality; rather, materiality is based on an assessment of all of the facts and circumstances, and is often evaluated by enforcement authorities with the benefit of hindsight. While it is not possible to define all categories of material information, some examples of information that ordinarily would be regarded as material are:
| ● | The status of new or updated products; | |
| ● | The status of any regulatory approvals for our products; | |
| ● | Projections of future earnings or losses, or other earnings guidance; | |
| ● | A pending or proposed merger, acquisition or tender offer; | |
| ● | A pending or proposed acquisition or disposition of a significant asset; | |
| ● | A pending or proposed joint venture; | |
| ● | Significant related party transactions; | |
| ● | A change in management; | |
| ● | A change in auditors or notification that the auditor’s reports may no longer be relied upon; | |
| ● | Development of a significant new product or service; | |
| ● | Pending or threatened significant litigation, or the resolution of such litigation; | |
| ● | Impending bankruptcy or the existence of severe liquidity problems; | |
| ● | The gain or loss of a significant customer or supplier; | |
| ● | A significant cybersecurity incident, such as a data breach, or any other significant disruption in the company’s operations or loss, potential loss, breach or unauthorized access of its property or assets, whether at its facilities or through its information technology infrastructure; or | |
| ● | The imposition of an event-specific restriction on trading in Company Securities or the securities of another company or the extension or termination of such restriction. |
When Information is Considered Public. Information that has not been disclosed to the public is generally considered to be nonpublic information. In order to establish that the information has been disclosed to the public, it may be necessary to demonstrate that the information has been widely disseminated. Information generally would be considered widely disseminated if it has been disclosed through newswire services, publication in a widely-available newspaper, magazine or news website, or public disclosure documents filed with the SEC that are available on the SEC’s website. By contrast, information would likely not be considered widely disseminated if it is available only to the Company’s employees, or if it is only available to a select group of analysts, brokers and institutional investors.
Once information is widely disseminated, it is still necessary to provide the investing public with sufficient time to absorb the information. As a general rule, information should not be considered fully absorbed by the marketplace for two trading days. If, for example, the Company were to make an announcement on Monday morning, you should not trade in Company Securities until Wednesday. Depending on the particular circumstances, the Company may determine that a longer or shorter period should apply to the release of specific material nonpublic information.
Transactions by Family Members and Others
This Policy applies to your family members who reside with you (including a spouse, a child, a child away at college, stepchildren, grandchildren, parents, stepparents, grandparents, siblings and in-laws), anyone else who lives in your household, and any family members who do not live in your household but whose transactions in Company Securities are directed by you or are subject to your influence or control, such as parents or children who consult with you before they trade in Company Securities (collectively referred to as “Family Members”). You are responsible for the transactions of these other persons and therefore should make them aware of the need to confer with you before they trade in Company Securities, and you should treat all such transactions for the purposes of this Policy and applicable securities laws as if the transactions were for your own account.
Transactions by Entities that You Influence or Control
This Policy applies to any entities that you influence or control, including any corporations, partnerships or trusts (collectively referred to as “Controlled Entities”), and transactions by these Controlled Entities should be treated for the purposes of this Policy and applicable securities laws as if they were for your own account.
Transactions Under Company Plans
This Policy does not apply in the case of the following transactions, except as specifically noted:
Stock Option Exercises. This Policy does not apply to the exercise of an employee or director stock option acquired pursuant to the Company’s plans, or to the exercise of a tax withholding right pursuant to which a person has elected to have the Company withhold shares subject to an option to satisfy tax withholding requirements. This Policy does apply, however, to any sale of stock as part of a broker-assisted cashless exercise of an option, or any other market sale for the purpose of generating the cash needed to pay the exercise price of an option.
Restricted Stock Awards. This Policy does not apply to the vesting of restricted stock, or the exercise of a tax withholding right pursuant to which you elect to have the Company withhold shares of stock to satisfy tax withholding requirements upon the vesting of any restricted stock. The Policy does apply, however, to any market sale of restricted stock.
Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale
Bona fide gifts are not transactions subject to this Policy, unless the person making the gift has reason to believe that the recipient intends to sell the Company Securities while the officer, employee or director is aware of material nonpublic information. Further, transactions in mutual funds that are invested in Company Securities are not transactions subject to this Policy.
Special and Prohibited Transactions
The Company has determined that there is a heightened legal risk and/or the appearance of improper or inappropriate conduct if the persons subject to this Policy engage in certain types of transactions. It therefore is the Company’s policy that any persons covered by this Policy may not engage in any of the following transactions, or should otherwise consider the Company’s preferences as described below:
Short Sales. Short sales of Company Securities (i.e., the sale of a security that the seller does not own) may evidence an expectation on the part of the seller that the securities will decline in value, and therefore have the potential to signal to the market that the seller lacks confidence in the Company’s prospects. In addition, short sales may reduce a seller’s incentive to seek to improve the Company’s performance. For these reasons, short sales of Company Securities are prohibited. In addition, Section 16(c) of the Exchange Act prohibits officers and directors from engaging in short sales.
Publicly-Traded Options. Given the relatively short term of publicly-traded options, transactions in options may create the appearance that a director, officer or employee is trading based on material nonpublic information and focus a director’s, officer’s or other employee’s attention on short-term performance at the expense of the Company’s long-term objectives. Accordingly, transactions in put options, call options or other derivative securities, on an exchange or in any other organized market, are prohibited by this Policy.
Hedging Transactions. Hedging or monetization transactions can be accomplished through a number of possible mechanisms, including through the use of financial instruments such as prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, collars and exchange funds. Such transactions may permit a director, officer or employee to continue to own Company Securities obtained through employee benefit plans or otherwise, but without the full risks and rewards of ownership. When that occurs, the director, officer or employee may no longer have the same objectives as the Company’s other shareholders. Therefore, directors, officers and employees are prohibited from engaging in any such transactions, without receiving for approval by the Compliance Officer. Any request for clearance of a hedging or similar arrangement must be submitted to the Compliance Officer at least two weeks prior to the proposed execution of documents evidencing the proposed transaction and must set forth a justification for the proposed transaction.
Margin Accounts and Pledged Securities. Securities held in a margin account as collateral for a margin loan may be sold by the broker without the customer’s consent if the customer fails to meet a margin call. Similarly, securities pledged (or hypothecated) as collateral for a loan may be sold in foreclosure if the borrower defaults on the loan. Because a margin sale or foreclosure sale may occur at a time when the pledgor is aware of material nonpublic information or otherwise is not permitted to trade in Company Securities, directors, officers and other employees are prohibited from holding Company Securities in a margin account or otherwise pledging Company Securities as collateral for a loan.
Standing and Limit Orders. Standing and limit orders (except standing and limit orders under approved Rule 10b5-1 Plans, as described below) create heightened risks for insider trading violations similar to the use of margin accounts. There is no control over the timing of purchases or sales that result from standing instructions to a broker, and as a result the broker could execute a transaction when a director, officer or other employee is in possession of material nonpublic information. The Company therefore prohibits placing standing or limit orders on Company Securities, unless such order are structured to comply with the pre-clearance requirements set forth in this Policy. If a person subject to this Policy determines that they must use a standing order or limit order, the order should be limited to a short duration and must otherwise comply with the restrictions and procedures outlined below under the heading “Additional Procedures.”
Additional Procedures
The Company has established additional procedures in order to assist the Company in the administration of this Policy, to facilitate compliance with laws prohibiting insider trading while in possession of material nonpublic information, and to avoid the appearance of any impropriety.
Pre-Clearance Procedures. All Company directors, employees, officers, as well as the Family Members and Controlled Entities of such persons, may not engage in any transaction in Company Securities without first obtaining pre-clearance of the transaction from the Compliance Officer. Such pre-clearance must be in the form of an email from the Compliance Officer: (i) to the officer’s or employee’s Company-provided email account; or (ii) if to a director or to an individual that does not have a Company-provided email account, to such email account with which the individual conducts business with the Company (or if no such email account exists, in a written notification from the Compliance Officer). A request for pre-clearance should be submitted to the Compliance Officer at least two business days in advance of the proposed transaction. Any pre-cleared trades must be effected within two business days of receipt of pre-clearance unless an exception is granted. Transactions not effected within such time limit would be subject to pre-clearance again. The Compliance Officer is under no obligation to approve a transaction submitted for pre-clearance, and may determine not to permit the transaction. If a person seeks pre-clearance and permission to engage in the transaction is denied, then he or she should refrain from initiating any transaction in Company Securities, and should not inform any other person of the restriction.
When a request for pre-clearance is made, the requestor should carefully consider whether he or she may be aware of any material nonpublic information about the Company, and should describe fully those circumstances to the Compliance Officer. The requestor that is a director or executive officer should also indicate whether he or she has effected any non-exempt “opposite-way” transactions within the past six months, and should be prepared to report the proposed transaction on an appropriate Form 4 or Form 5. The requestor should also be prepared to comply with SEC Rule 144 and file Form 144, if necessary, at the time of any sale.
Black-Out Periods. No officer, director or other employee shall purchase or sell any security of the Company during the period beginning at 11:59 p.m., Eastern time, on the 14th calendar day before the end of any fiscal quarter of the Company and ending upon the completion of the second full trading day after the public release of earnings data for such fiscal quarter or during any other trading suspension period declared by the Company, except for purchases and sales made pursuant to the permitted transactions described herein. For example, if the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter ends at 11:59 p.m., Eastern time, on June 30, the corresponding blackout period would begin at 11:59 p.m., Eastern time, on June 16. For the avoidance of doubt, any designation by the Board of the employees who are subject to quarterly blackout periods may be updated from time to time by the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Compliance Officer.
Exceptions to the black-out period policy may be approved only by the Compliance Officer (or, in the case of an exception for the Compliance Officer or persons or entities subject to this policy as a result of their relationship with the Compliance Officer, the Chief Executive Officer or, in the case of exceptions for directors or persons or entities subject to this policy as a result of their relationship with a director, the Board).
Event-Specific Trading Restriction Periods. From time to time, an event may occur that is material to the Company and is known by only a few directors, officers and/or employees. So long as the event remains material and nonpublic, the persons designated by the Compliance Officer may not trade Company Securities, including making any pre-clearance requests. In addition, the Company’s financial results may be sufficiently material in a particular fiscal quarter that, in the judgment of the Compliance Officer, designated persons should refrain from trading in Company Securities. In that situation, the Compliance Officer may notify these persons that they should not trade in the Company’s Securities, without disclosing the reason for the restriction. The existence of an event-specific trading restriction period will not be announced to the Company as a whole, and should not be communicated to any other person. Even if the Compliance Officer has not designated you as a person who should not trade due to an event-specific restriction, you should not trade while aware of material nonpublic information. Exceptions will not be granted during an event-specific trading restriction period.
Exceptions. The event-specific trading restrictions do not apply to those transactions to which this Policy does not apply, as described above under the headings “Transactions Under Company Plans” and “Transactions Not Involving a Purchase or Sale.” Further, the requirement for pre-clearance and event-specific trading restrictions do not apply to transactions conducted pursuant to approved Rule 10b5-1 plans, described under the heading “Rule 10b5-1 Plans” below.
Rule 10b5-1 Plans
Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act provides a defense from insider trading liability under Rule 10b-5. In order to be eligible to rely on this defense, a person subject to this Policy must enter into a Rule 10b5-1 plan for transactions in Company Securities that meets certain conditions specified in the Rule (a “Rule 10b5-1 Plan”). If the plan meets the requirements of Rule 10b5-1, Company Securities may be purchased or sold without regard to certain insider trading restrictions. To comply with the Policy, a Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be approved by the Compliance Officer and meet the requirements of Rule 10b5-1. In general, a Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be entered into at a time when the person entering into the plan is not aware of material nonpublic information. Once the plan is adopted, the person must not exercise any influence over the amount of securities to be traded, the price at which they are to be traded or the date of the trade. The plan must either specify the amount, pricing and timing of transactions in advance or delegate discretion on these matters to an independent third party.
Any Rule 10b5-1 Plan must be submitted for approval 20 days prior to the entry into the Rule 10b5-1 Plan. No further pre-approval of transactions conducted pursuant to the Rule 10b5-1 Plan will be required.
Post-Termination Transactions
This Policy continues to apply to transactions in Company Securities even after termination of service to the Company. If an individual is in possession of material nonpublic information when his or her service terminates, that individual may not trade in Company Securities until that information has become public or is no longer material.
Consequences of Violations
The purchase or sale of securities while aware of material nonpublic information, or the disclosure of material nonpublic information to others who then trade in the Company’s Securities, is prohibited by federal and state laws. Insider trading violations are pursued vigorously by the SEC, U.S. Attorneys and state enforcement authorities as well as the laws of foreign jurisdictions. Punishment for insider trading violations is severe, and could include significant fines and imprisonment. While the regulatory authorities concentrate their efforts on the individuals who trade, or who tip inside information to others who trade, the federal securities laws also impose potential liability on companies and other “controlling persons” if they fail to take reasonable steps to prevent insider trading by company personnel.
In addition, an individual’s failure to comply with this Policy may subject the individual to Company-imposed sanctions, including dismissal for cause, whether or not the employee’s failure to comply results in a violation of law. Needless to say, a violation of law, or even an SEC investigation that does not result in prosecution, can tarnish a person’s reputation and irreparably damage a career.
Company Assistance
Any person who has a question about this Policy or its application to any proposed transaction may obtain additional guidance from the Compliance Officer, who can be reached by e-mail at ****.
Exhibit 21.1
List of Subsidiaries
| Subsidiary Name | Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization | |
| TruGolf, Inc. | Nevada | |
| TruGolf Links Franchising, LLC | Delaware |
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED
I, Christopher Jones, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of TruGolf Holdings, Inc.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
| a. | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; | |
| b. | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | |
| c. | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and | |
| d. | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a. | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and | |
| b. | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. |
| Date: | April 15, 2025 | By: | /s/ Christopher Jones |
| Christopher Jones | |||
| Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer, Interim Principal Financial Officer, and Interim Principal Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. 1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)
In connection with the Annual Report of TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Christopher Jones, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| (1) | the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: April 15, 2025
| /s/ Christopher Jones | ||
| Name: | Christopher Jones | |
| Title: | Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer, Interim Principal Financial Officer, and Interim Principal Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 97.1
TRUGOLF
HOLDINGS, INC.
Dodd-Frank Restatement Recoupment Policy
| 1. | Introduction |
The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of TruGolf Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to adopt a policy providing for the recoupment by the Company of certain Incentive-Based Compensation paid to Executives Officers in the case of a Restatement (as defined below) (the “Policy”). In such case, the Company (a) may recoup the Incentive-Based Compensation that was paid or that vested and (b) may cancel any outstanding or unearned Incentive-Based Compensation.
| 2. | Definitions |
For purposes of this Policy, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
“Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Erroneously Awarded Compensation” means the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation received that exceeds the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation that otherwise would have been received had it been determined based on the restated amounts resulting from a Restatement, and it must be computed without regard to any taxes paid. For Incentive-Based Compensation based on stock price or total shareholder return, where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in a Restatement: (a) the amount must be based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Incentive-Based Compensation was received; and (b) the Company must maintain documentation of the determination of that reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to the Nasdaq Stock Market.
“Executive Officer” means any employee of the Company who is currently, or within the period covered by this Policy, employed as the Company’s president, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer (or if there is no such accounting officer, the controller), any vice-president of the Company in charge of a principal business unit, division, or function (such as sales, administration, or finance), any other officer who performs a significant policy-making function, or any other person who performs similar significant policy-making functions for the Company, including Executive Officers of the Company’s subsidiaries if they perform such policy making functions for the Company, and shall include each Named Executive Officer as determined under Section 402(a)(3) or 402(m)(2) of Regulation S-K, as applicable.
“Financial Reporting Measures” mean those measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures. Stock price and total shareholder return are also Financial Reporting Measures. A Financial Reporting Measure need not be presented within the financial statements or included in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Incentive-Based Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. For purposes of this Policy, Incentive-Based Compensation is deemed received in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the award is attained, even if the payment or grant occurs after the end of that period.
“Non-Employee Board” means the members of the Board who are not employed by the Company or any affiliate thereof.
“Recoupment Rules” means Rule 10D-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 5608 of the Nasdaq Stock Market.
“Restatement” means an accounting restatement required to be prepared by the Company due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period. The date of a Restatement shall be the earlier to occur of: (a) the date the Company’s board of directors, a committee of the board of directors, or the officer or officers of the Company authorized to take such action if board action is not required, concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement; or (b) the date a court, regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare a Restatement. The Company’s obligation to recover Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not dependent on if or when restated financial statements are filed.
| 3. | Administration of this Policy |
This Policy shall be administered by the Committee. The Committee shall have full power and authority to construe and interpret this Policy, and to recommend to the Non-Employee Board its determinations as to whether recoupment is required under the Policy, the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation to recoup from an Executive Officer and whether any other action should be taken pursuant to Section 6 of the Policy. Upon the approval of the Committee’s recommendations by a majority of the members of the Non-Employee Board (even if less than a quorum), the final decision shall be binding and conclusive on all parties.
| 4. | Recoupment of Incentive Compensation |
In the event that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement, the Company must recover reasonably promptly the Erroneously Awarded Compensation received by a person (a) after beginning service as an Executive Officer, (b) who served as an Executive Officer at any time during the performance period for that Incentive-Based Compensation, and (c) during the recovery period described in Section 5 below. Recovery is subject only to those exceptions set forth in the Recoupment Rules.
The Committee can recommend that the Non-Employee Board recoup from the Executive Officer all or a portion of the following in order to satisfy the Executive Officer’s recoupment obligation:
Cash Incentive Plan: The Committee can recommend that the Non-Employee Board (i) cancel and forfeit the Executive Officer’s annual or other cash incentive opportunity for the then current plan year, and/or (ii) require repayment of any annual or other cash incentive awards previously paid for prior years within the period described in Section 5.
Stock Plan: The Committee can recommend that the Non-Employee Board (i) cancel and forfeit any outstanding equity awards under its stock-based plans, (ii) require the Executive Officer to return a number of shares of Company stock received upon vesting and settlement of any restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards during the period described in Section 5 (or pay the cash value of such shares), and (iii) require the Executive Officer to return a number of shares received upon the exercise of any stock options during the period described in Section 5 (or pay the cash value of such shares). The cash value shall be determined as of the date of the Committee’s demand for recoupment.
The Committee can also recommend that the Non-Employee Board recoup similar compensation under any subsequently adopted plans, arrangements or agreements, or compensation under any severance arrangements or any non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements.
| 5. | Limitation on Period for Recoupment |
In the event that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement, the Company must recover Erroneously Awarded Compensation received by Executive Officers during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement, and any transition period (that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) of less than nine months within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years.
| 6. | No Impairment of Other Remedies |
This Policy shall not preclude the Committee from recommending that the Non-Employee Board take any other action to enforce an Executive Officer’s obligation to the Company, including termination of employment, institution of civil proceedings, or action to effect criminal proceedings.
| 7. | Miscellaneous |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent any provision of applicable law, including the Recoupment Rules, requires non-discretionary recoupment or would result in a larger recoupment than permitted under this Policy, the provision of such applicable law shall supersede the relevant provisions of this Policy.
| 8. | Effective Date |
This Policy shall apply to all Incentive Compensation paid, awarded or granted on or after October 2, 2023.
Policy Acknowledgment and Consent
I hereby acknowledge that I have been designated an Executive Officer, I acknowledge and agree to the terms of this Policy, I agree to fully cooperate with the Company in connection with the enforcement of the Policy, including the repayment by or recovery from me of Erroneously Awarded Compensation, and I agree that the Company may enforce its rights under the Policy through any and all reasonable means permitted under applicable law as the Company deems necessary or appropriate under the Policy.
| /s/ Christopher Jones | ||||
| Printed Name: | Christopher Jones | Date: | April 15, 2025 | |