6-K

FORM 6 - K

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Report of Foreign Private Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a - 16 or 15d - 16 of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

As of 10/31/2023

Ternium S.A.

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

Ternium S.A.

26, Boulevard Royal - 4th floor

L-2449 Luxembourg

(352) 2668-3152

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or 40-F.

Form 20-F a Form 40-F __

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12G3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes __ No a

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):

Not applicable

The attached material is being furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 13a-16 and Form 6-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

This report contains Ternium S.A.’s press release announcing third quarter and first nine months of 2023 results.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

TERNIUM S.A.

By: /s/ Guillermo Etchepareborda        By: /s/ Sebastián Martí

Name: Guillermo Etchepareborda        Name: Sebastián Martí

Title: Attorney in Fact                Title: Attorney in Fact

Dated: October 31, 2023

Press Release

Sebastián Martí

Ternium - Investor Relations

+1 (866) 890 0443

+54 (11) 4018 8389

www.ternium.com

Ternium Announces Third Quarter and First Nine Months of 2023 Results

Luxembourg, October 31, 2023 – Ternium S.A. (NYSE: TX) today announced its results for the third quarter and first nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The financial and operational information contained in this press release is based on Ternium S.A.’s operational data and consolidated condensed interim financial statements prepared in accordance with IAS 34 “Interim financial reporting” (IFRS) and presented in US dollars ($) and metric tons. Interim financial figures are unaudited. This press release includes certain non-IFRS alternative performance measures such as Adjusted Net Result, Adjusted Equity Holders’ Net Result, Adjusted Earnings per ADS, Adjusted EBITDA, Net Cash and Free Cash Flow. The reconciliation of these figures to the most directly comparable IFRS measures is included in Exhibit I.

Third Quarter of 2023 Highlights

CONSOLIDATED SHIPMENTSSTEEL PRODUCTS
4.1 MILLION TONS
MINING PRODUCTS
2.2 MILLION TONS
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
945 MILLION
NET CASH POSITION
2.4 BILLION

All values are in US Dollars.

Summary of Third Quarter of 2023 Results

CONSOLIDATED	3Q23		2Q23		DIF		3Q22		DIF		9M23		9M22		DIF
Steel Shipments (thousand tons)	4,131		2,982		39	%	2,967		39	%	10,179		8,876		15	%
Mining Shipments (thousand tons)	2,176		—				—				2,176		—
Net Sales ($ million)	5,185		3,871		34	%	4,125		26	%	12,679		12,868		-1	%
Operating Income ($ million)	527		732		-28	%	526		0	%	1,616		2,656		-39	%
Adjusted EBITDA ($ million)	698		883		-22	%	679		2	%	2,089		3,112		-33	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	13	%	23	%			16	%			16	%	24	%
Net (Loss) Income ($ million)	(783)		736				220				433		2,034
Equity Holders’ Net (Loss) Income ($ million)	(739)		627				153				262		1,728
(Losses) Earnings per ADS1 ($)	(3.77)		3.19				0.78				1.34		8.80
Adjusted Net Income ($ million)	323		736				220				1,539		2,034
Adjusted Equity Holders’ Net Income ($ million)	271		627				153				1,272		1,728
Adjusted Earnings per ADS1 ($)	1.38		3.19				0.78				6.48		8.80

1    American Depositary Share. Each ADS represents 10 shares of Ternium’s common stock. Results are based on a weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding (net of treasury shares) of 1,963,076,776.

Net sales and shipments

Net sales were $1.3 billion higher sequentially in the third quarter of 2023, mainly as a result of an increase of $1.2 billion from the consolidation of Usiminas’ sales.

In Mexico, volumes increased sequentially in the third quarter, driven mainly by higher shipments to commercial customers and increased demand from the country’s automotive industry. On the other hand, revenue per ton decreased in this region reflecting lower market steel prices, partially offset by higher industrial contract prices.

As a result of the consolidation of Usiminas, steel shipments in Brazil increased 1.0 million tons sequentially in the third quarter. Shipments to industrial customers account for approximately 70% of total steel shipments in the country, with a significant participation of the Brazilian automotive sector.

In the Southern Region, Ternium’s shipments increased 7% sequentially in the third quarter of 2023 mainly as a result of the consolidation of Usiminas shipments to this region. Revenue per ton in the period remained relatively unchanged compared to the prior quarter. In Argentina, steel demand from industrial and commercial customers in the third quarter was similar to that in the second quarter.

In Other Markets, the company’s shipments increased 26% in the third quarter of 2023 compared with the second quarter, reflecting the consolidation of Usiminas shipments in this region and higher shipments in the US market.

Results and capital allocation

Ternium’s adjusted EBITDA decreased 22% sequentially in the third quarter of 2023 mainly due to the negative impact of lower steel prices in the USMCA region and higher cost of purchased slabs, partially offset by higher shipments in Mexico and Other Markets. Adjusted EBITDA margin in the period was affected by these variables, as well as by the consolidation of Usiminas’ operating results, which recorded a very low level of profitability in the quarter.

Capital expenditures increased in the third quarter mainly due to the consolidation of Usiminas. The main projects carried out during the period were those for the relining of blast furnace #3 in the Ipatinga facilities and the construction of new downstream facilities in the Pesquería facilities.

During the period, Ternium acquired additional shares of Usiminas and announced an interim dividend payable to the company’s shareholders on November 16, 2023.

Effects of the increase in the participation in Usiminas

On July 3, 2023, Ternium acquired an additional stake in Usiminas of 57.7 million ordinary shares, increasing its participation in the Usiminas control group to 51.5% and its economic participation to 23.3%. In addition, the Usiminas shareholders agreement was updated to reflect a new governance structure. Pursuant to the updated agreement, Ternium started to fully consolidate Usiminas balance sheet and results of operations. The increase in the participation in Usiminas resulted in a $1.1 billion non-cash net loss and a net $171 reduction in the value of Ternium’s Equity.

Non-cash $935 million loss mainly due to the recycling of Currency Translation Adjustment (CTA) from Other Comprehensive Income to Net Results

As of June 30, 2023, items recognized in Other Comprehensive Income related to Ternium’s previous stake in Usiminas amounted to a loss of $935 million. This negative reserve was mainly related to CTA losses due to the impact on Usiminas valuation of the depreciation, over the years, of the Brazilian Real versus the U.S. dollar, as Usiminas uses the Brazilian Real as its functional currency.

As a result of the increase in the participation in Usiminas, items recognized in Other Comprehensive Income related to Ternium’s previous stake in Usiminas were recycled to the results of the period. The resulting loss is non-cash, it has no income tax effects and did not change the value of Ternium’s equity.

Remeasurement of Ternium’s stake in Usiminas

As a result of the purchase price allocation related to the business combination performed in the third quarter of 2023 and the remeasurement of Ternium's previous stake in Usiminas, the company registered a net loss of $171 million.

Recognition of contingencies as part of the business combination

As part of the business combination Ternium recognized Usiminas' contingencies of $656 million related to tax, civil, labor and other issues that were defined as "of no probable occurrence". These contingencies are not recognized in Usiminas' standalone balance sheet.

Interim Dividend Payment

Ternium’s board of directors approved the payment of an interim dividend for 2023 of $1.10 per ADS ($0.11 per share), or $216 million in the aggregate. The interim dividend will be paid on November 16, 2023 to shareholders on record as of November 13, 2023. This represents an increase of 20 cents per ADS, or 22%, compared to last year’s interim dividend.

Outlook

Ternium expects fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA to decrease compared to the third quarter, with lower adjusted EBITDA margin partially offset by slightly higher steel shipments. The company anticipates a sequential decrease in steel revenue per ton in the fourth quarter, reflecting lower realized prices in Mexico and Brazil.

In Mexico, the company expects apparent steel consumption to remain strong in the fourth quarter. Industrial sectors are showing healthy steel demand. Similarly, the commercial market continues to be very active due to low inventory levels and a recent improvement in steel benchmark prices. However, Ternium anticipates realized prices in Mexico to sequentially decrease in the fourth quarter, due primarily to the delayed impact of quarterly contract prices resetting at lower levels than in the third quarter.

In Brazil, Ternium expects shipments to remain relatively stable in most market sectors. In addition, the company anticipates realized steel prices to decrease in the fourth quarter compared to the third quarter due to a recent decrease in prices of local steel finished products.

In Argentina, the company anticipates a sequential decrease in fourth quarter shipments due to seasonality and government-imposed restrictions on the importation of inputs required for production by the company and its value chain. The steel market also continues to be highly unpredictable, as it is unclear what government measures may be taken to address the country’s ongoing macroeconomic challenges when a new administration takes office in December of 2023.

Analysis of Third Quarter of 2023 Results

Consolidated Steel Products Sales

Ternium reports its sales of steel products under the Steel and Usiminas segments. The consolidation of Usiminas resulted in a $1.2 billion sequential increase in net sales to third parties in the third quarter of 2023 (1.0 million tons). The Steel segment net sales remained relatively stable sequentially in

the third quarter, as higher shipments of steel products were offset by a lower revenue per ton.

Particularly in Mexico, revenue per ton decreased sequentially in the third quarter reflecting lower market steel prices in the USMCA region, partially offset by higher industrial contract prices.

NET SALES - STEEL PRODUCTS<br><br>$ BILLION

n Usiminas
SHIPMENTS - STEEL PRODUCTS<br><br>MILLION TONS
---

n Usiminas

Ternium’s steel shipments in Mexico achieved a new all-time high in the third quarter. Volumes to industrial customers continued growing supported by the company’s new state-of-the-art facilities in Pesquería. In addition, shipments to commercial customers improved sequentially in the third quarter.

The consolidation of Usiminas’ shipments led to a significant increase in reported steel volumes in Brazil and to a moderate increase in steel volumes in the Southern Region and Other Markets.

SHIPMENTS BY REGION - STEEL PRODUCTS<br><br>MILLION TONS

Mining Products Sales

Ternium reports intercompany and third-party sales of mining products under the Mining and

Usiminas segments. The consolidation of Usiminas resulted in a $149 million sequential increase in net sales to third parties in the third quarter of 2023 (2.2 million tons).

NET SALES - MINING PRODUCTS<br><br>$ MILLION

n Intercompany n Third parties
SHIPMENTS - MINING PRODUCTS<br><br>MILLION TONS
---

n Intercompany n Third parties
CONSOLIDATED	NET SALES ( MILLION)			SHIPMENTS (THOUSAND TONS)				REVENUE/TON (/TON)
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
	3Q23	DIF		3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q23	DIF
Mexico	2,383	-3	%	2,135	2,031	5	%	1,116	-8	%
Brazil	1,136			957	42			1,187
Southern Region	941	8	%	603	563	7	%	1,561	1	%
Other Markets	504	14	%	436	346	26	%	1,157	-9	%
Total steel products	4,964	30	%	4,131	2,982	39	%	1,202	-6	%
Mining products	149			2,176	—			68
Other products	72	11	%
Net sales	5,185	34	%

All values are in US Dollars.

CONSOLIDATED	NET SALES ( MILLION)			SHIPMENTS (THOUSAND TONS)				REVENUE/TON (/TON)
	9M23	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF		9M23	DIF
Mexico	7,046	3	%	6,233	4,970	25	%	1,130	-18	%
Brazil	1,216	161	%	1,063	541	96	%	1,144	33	%
Southern Region	2,664	-8	%	1,709	1,773	-4	%	1,559	-4	%
Other Markets	1,398	-41	%	1,174	1,592	-26	%	1,191	-21	%
Total steel products	12,324	-2	%	10,179	8,876	15	%	1,211	-15	%
Mining products	149			2,176	—			68
Other products	207	-20	%
Net sales	12,679	-1	%

All values are in US Dollars.

Note: other products include mainly electricity sales in Mexico and Brazil.

Operating Income

The consolidation of Usiminas’ financial statements did not add significant results at the operating income level in the third quarter of 2023.

The sequential decrease in Ternium’s operating income in the third quarter was primarily due to lower steel prices in the USMCA region and higher purchased slab costs, partially offset by higher shipments in Mexico and Other Markets.

OPERATING INCOME<br><br>$ MILLION

n Operating income n SG&A expenses & other n Cost of sales
$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q22	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Operating income	527	732	-28	%	526	0	%	1,616	2,656	-39	%
Net sales	5,185	3,871	34	%	4,126	26	%	12,679	12,868	-1	%
Cost of sales	(4,192)	(2,839)	48	%	(3,325)	26	%	(10,012)	(9,368)	7	%
SG&A expenses	(443)	(304)	46	%	(277)	60	%	(1,040)	(869)	20	%
Other operating (loss) income	(22)	4			3			(11)	26

Net Financial Results

Net foreign exchange results in the third quarter of 2023 were a loss of $33 million, mainly due to the impact of the depreciation of the Brazilian Real against the US dollar on Usiminas’ net short foreign currency position. Fair value of Ternium

Argentina’s financial investments increased during the period. The US dollar value of these investments is based on their Argentine Peso local market price, converted at the ARS/$ official exchange rate.

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	3Q22	9M23	9M22
Net interest results	30	25	(8)	80	18
Net foreign exchange result	(33)	(25)	(19)	(73)	(137)
Change in fair value of financial assets	36	(14)	(23)	26	56
Other financial income (expense), net	(3)	(4)	(5)	(13)	(16)
Net financial results	30	(18)	(55)	20	(79)

Income Tax Results

Ternium's effective tax rate in the third quarter of 2023 was affected by a $1.1 billion non-cash and non-taxable loss in connection with the increase in the participation in Usiminas. In addition, Ternium’s subsidiaries in Mexico and Argentina

recorded deferred tax losses as a result of the depreciation of the Mexican Peso and the Argentine Peso against the US dollar (net of the positive impact of inflation).

$ MILLION	3Q23		2Q23		3Q22		9M23		9M22
Current income tax expense	(164)		(148)		(73)		(450)		(577)
Deferred tax gain (loss)	(89)		143		(89)		271		15
Income tax (expense) gain	(253)		(5)		(162)		(179)		(562)
Result before income tax	(530)		741		382		611		2,596
Effective tax rate	48	%	-1	%	-42	%	-29	%	-22	%

Net Income

Adjusted net income in the third quarter equals a net loss of $783 million, adjusted to exclude a loss of $1.1 billion in connection with the increase in the participation in Usiminas.

Adjusted equity holders’ net income in the period equals an equity holders’ net loss of $739 million adjusted to exclude a loss of $1.1 billion in connection with the increase in the participation in Usiminas.

Adjusted earnings per ADS equals adjusted equity holders’ net income of $271 million divided by 1,963 million outstanding shares of Ternium’s common stock, net of treasury shares, expressed in ADS equivalent (each ADS represents 10 shares).

NET INCOME (LOSS), EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER ADS<br><br>$ MILLION, $

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	3Q22	9M23	9M22
Owners of the parent	(739)	627	153	262	1,728
Non-controlling interest	(44)	109	67	171	306
Net (Loss) Income	(783)	736	220	433	2,034
Less: non-cash effects related to the increase in the participation in Usiminas	(1,106)	—	—	(1,106)	—
Adjusted Net Income	323	736	220	1,539	2,034

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA equals net results adjusted to exclude net financial results, income tax results, depreciation and amortization, the equity in results of non-consolidated companies, and non-cash effects related to the increase in the participation in Usiminas, and, in the third quarter of 2023, adjusted to include the proportional EBITDA in Unigal (70% participation).

Adjusted EBITDA Margin equals Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales.

ADJUSTED EBITDA<br><br>$ MILLION

Cash Flow and Liquidity

Cash provided by operating activities in the third quarter of 2023 was $945 million, including a working capital reduction of $388 million.

The decrease in working capital was due to a $272 million decrease in inventories and an aggregate $270 million net increase in accounts payable and other liabilities, partially offset by an aggregate $153 million increase in trade and other receivables. Inventories decreased along Ternium’s main

operating subsidiaries, particularly Usiminas. The increase in accounts payable was also broad based.

The main capital expenditure projects carried out during the period were those for the relining of blast furnace #3 in Ipatinga, Brazil, those for the development of the new expansion projects in the industrial center in Pesquería, Mexico, and those for further improving environmental and safety conditions.

CASH FROM OPERATIONS, CHANGES IN WORKING CAPITAL<br><br>$ BILLION

n Cash from operations n (Incr.) decr. in working capital
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES<br><br>$ MILLION
---

n Usiminas

Ternium’s free cash flow was $563 million in the third quarter of 2023. During the period, the company invested $119 million in the acquisition of additional shares of Usiminas. Ternium’s net cash position as of September 30, 2023, included Ternium

Argentina’s total position of cash and cash equivalents and other investments of $1.3 billion. On November 16, 2023, the company will pay an interim dividend to shareholders of $1.10 per ADS.

ANNUAL DIVIDEND<br><br>$ PER ADS

n Interim Dividends
NET CASH POSITION<br><br>$ BILLION
---

Conference Call and Webcast

Ternium will host a conference call on November 1, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. ET in which management will discuss third quarter of 2023 results. A webcast link will be available in the Investor Center section of the company’s website at www.ternium.com.

Forward Looking Statements

Some of the statements contained in this press release are “forward-looking statements”. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current views and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by those statements. These risks include but are not limited to risks arising from uncertainties as to gross domestic product, related market demand, global production capacity, tariffs, cyclicality in the industries that purchase steel products and other factors beyond Ternium’s control.

About Ternium

Ternium is Latin America’s leading flat steel producer, with operating facilities in Mexico, Brazil,

Argentina, Colombia, the southern United States and Central America. The company offers a broad

range of high value-added steel products for customers active in the automotive, home appliances,

HVAC, construction, capital goods, container, food and energy industries through its manufacturing

facilities, service center and distribution networks, and advanced customer integration systems. More

information about Ternium is available at www.ternium.com.

Income Statement

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	3Q22	9M23	9M22
Net sales	5,185	3,871	4,125	12,679	12,868
Cost of sales	(4,192)	(2,839)	(3,325)	(10,012)	(9,368)
Gross profit	993	1,032	800	2,667	3,500
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(443)	(304)	(277)	(1,040)	(869)
Other operating (expense) income, net	(22)	4	3	(11)	26
Operating income	527	732	526	1,616	2,656
Financial expense	(47)	(18)	(15)	(81)	(29)
Financial income	78	42	7	161	47
Other financial (expense) income, net	0	(42)	(47)	(60)	(97)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated companies	19	27	(90)	81	18
Effect related to the increase of the participation in Usiminas	(171)	—	—	(171)	—
Recycling of other comprehensive income related to Usiminas	(935)	—	—	(935)	—
(Loss) profit before income tax results	(530)	741	382	611	2,596
Income tax expense	(253)	(5)	(162)	(179)	(562)
(Loss) profit for the period	(783)	736	220	433	2,034
Attributable to:
Owners of the parent	(739)	627	153	262	1,728
Non-controlling interest	(44)	109	67	170	306
Net (loss) income	(783)	736	220	433	2,034

Statement of Financial Position

$ MILLION	SEPTEMBER 30, 2023	DECEMBER 31, 2022
Property, plant and equipment, net	7,384	6,262
Intangible assets, net	1,029	944
Investments in non-consolidated companies	513	822
Other investments	263	101
Deferred tax assets	1,527	200
Receivables, net	809	319
Trade receivables, net	0	—
Total non-current assets	11,524	8,648
Receivables, net	1,162	663
Derivative financial instruments	—	0
Inventories, net	5,136	3,470
Trade receivables, net	2,173	1,181
Other investments	2,469	1,875
Cash and cash equivalents	1,816	1,653
Total current assets	12,755	8,842
Non-current assets classified as held for sale	7	2
Total assets	24,285	17,492

Statement of Financial Position (cont.)

$ MILLION	SEPTEMBER 30, 2023	DECEMBER 31, 2022
Capital and reserves attributable to the owners of the parent	12,437	11,846
Non-controlling interest	4,430	1,922
Total equity	16,866	13,768
Provisions	909	81
Deferred tax liabilities	26	163
Other liabilities	1,153	538
Trade payables	11	1
Lease liabilities	199	190
Borrowings	1,194	533
Total non-current liabilities	3,491	1,506
Current income tax liabilities	173	136
Other liabilities	512	345
Trade payables	2,199	1,188
Derivative financial instruments	20	1
Lease liabilities	52	49
Borrowings	971	499
Total current liabilities	3,928	2,217
Total liabilities	7,419	3,723
Total equity and liabilities	24,285	17,492

Statement of Cash Flows

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	3Q22	9M23	9M22
Result for the period	(783)	736	220	433	2,034
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortization	165	151	153	467	456
Income tax accruals less payments	158	(117)	(22)	(116)	(1,106)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated companies	(19)	(27)	90	(81)	(18)
Interest accruals less payments/receipts, net	(26)	(40)	5	(102)	9
Changes in provisions	(4)	1	—	(4)	(2)
Changes in working capital	388	(605)	548	1	198
Net foreign exchange results and others	(40)	(51)	40	(98)	150
Non-cash effects related to the increase of the participation in Usiminas	1,106	—	—	1,106	—
Net cash provided by operating activities	945	48	1,034	1,606	1,721
Capital expenditures	(382)	(198)	(136)	(778)	(422)
(Increase) decrease in other investments	(306)	219	(131)	(755)	(327)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant & equipment	1	—	—	2	1
Dividends received from non-consolidated companies	—	15	—	15	29
Acquisition of non-controlling interest	—	—	—	—	(4)
Acquisition of business:
Purchase consideration	(119)	—	—	(119)	—
Cash acquired	781	—	—	781	—
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(25)	37	(267)	(854)	(723)
Dividends paid in cash to company’s shareholders	—	(353)	—	(353)	(353)
Finance lease payments	(16)	(13)	(12)	(43)	(37)
Proceeds from borrowings	163	27	71	236	225
Repayments of borrowings	(145)	(31)	(73)	(372)	(614)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	3	(371)	(14)	(532)	(780)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	923	(286)	753	220	218

Shipments

Steel and Mining Segments

THOUSAND TONS	3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q22	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	2,135	2,031	5	%	1,717	24	%	6,233	4,970	25	%
Brazil	194	42	360	%	201	-4	%	299	541	-45	%
Southern Region	558	563	-1	%	584	-4	%	1,665	1,773	-6	%
Other Markets	408	346	18	%	464	-12	%	1,146	1,592	-28	%
Total steel products	3,296	2,982	11	%	2,967	11	%	9,344	8,876	5	%
Mining products	842	867	-3	%	831	1	%	2,508	2,565	-2	%

Usiminas Segment

THOUSAND TONS	3Q23	2Q23	DIF	3Q22	DIF	9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	—					—
Brazil	955					955
Southern Region	45					45
Other Markets	39					39
Total Usiminas steel products	1,038					1,038
Intercompany shipments	215					215
Third-party shipments	2,176					2,176
Total Usiminas mining products	2,391					2,391

Consolidated

THOUSAND TONS	3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q22	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	2,135	2,031	5	%	1,717	24	%	6,233	4,970	25	%
Brazil	957	42			201			1,063	541
Southern Region	603	563	7	%	584	3	%	1,709	1,773	-4	%
Other Markets	436	346	26	%	464	-6	%	1,174	1,592	-26	%
Total steel products	4,131	2,982	39	%	2,967	39	%	10,179	8,876	15	%
Mining products	2,176	—			—			2,176	—

Net Sales

Steel and Mining Segments

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q22	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	2,383	2,457	-3	%	2,155	11	%	7,046	6,874	3	%
Brazil	148	38	288	%	192	-23	%	228	467	-51	%
Southern Region	874	870	0	%	998	-12	%	2,597	2,883	-10	%
Other Markets	495	442	12	%	701	-29	%	1,389	2,386	-42	%
Total steel products	3,900	3,806	2	%	4,046	-4	%	11,261	12,610	-11	%
Other products	81	65	26	%	79	3	%	216	258	-16	%
Total steel segment	3,982	3,871	3	%	4,126	-3	%	11,476	12,868	-11	%
Mining products	114	110	3	%	101	13	%	309	314	-2	%

Note: other products include mainly electricity sales in Mexico and Brazil.

Usiminas Segment

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	DIF	3Q22	DIF	9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	—					—
Brazil	1,134					1,134
Southern Region	68					68
Other Markets	20					20
Total Usiminas steel products	1,221					1,221
Intercompany	14					14
Third parties	149					149
Total Usiminas mining products	162					162
Usiminas segment consolidated net sales	1,370					1,370

Net Sales (cont.)

Consolidated

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	DIF		3Q22	DIF		9M23	9M22	DIF
Mexico	2,383	2,457	-3	%	2,155	11	%	7,046	6,874	3	%
Brazil	1,136	38			192			1,216	467
Southern Region	941	870	8	%	998	-6	%	2,664	2,883	-8	%
Other Markets	504	442	14	%	701	-28	%	1,398	2,386	-41	%
Total steel products	4,964	3,806	30	%	4,046	23	%	12,324	12,610	-2	%
Mining products	149	—			—			149	—
Other products	72	65	11	%	79	-9	%	207	258	-20	%
Total net sales	5,185	3,871	34	%	4,125	26	%	12,679	12,868	-1	%

Note: other products includes mainly electricity sales in Mexico and Brazil.

Exhibit I - Alternative performance measures

These non-IFRS measures should not be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. These non-IFRS measures do not have a standardized meaning under IFRS and, therefore, may not correspond to similar non-IFRS financial measures reported by other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA

$ MILLION	3Q23		2Q23		3Q22		9M23		9M22
Consolidated net (loss) income	(783)		736		220		433		2,034
Adjusted to exclude:
Net financial results	(30)		18		55		(20)		79
Income tax results	253		5		162		179		562
Depreciation and amortization	165		151		153		467		456
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated companies	(19)		(27)		90		(81)		(18)
Non-cash effects related to the increase in the participation in Usiminas	1,106		—		—		1,106		—
Adjusted to include:
Proportional EBITDA in Unigal (70% participation)	6						6
Adjusted EBITDA	698		883		679		2,089		3,112
Divided by: net sales	5,185		3,871		4,125		12,679		12,868
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)	13	%	23	%	16	%	16	%	24	%

Adjusted Net Income

$ MILLION	3Q23		2Q23		3Q22		9M23		9M22
Net (loss) income	(783)		736		220		433		2,034
Less: non-cash effects related to the increase in the participation in Usiminas	(1,106)		—		—		(1,106)		—
Adjusted Net Income		323		736		220		1,539		2,034

Exhibit I - Alternative performance measures (cont.)

Adjusted Equity Holders' Net Income and Adjusted Earnings per ADS

MILLION		2Q23		3Q22		9M23		9M22
Equity holders’ net (loss) income		627		153		262		1,728
Less: non-cash effects related to the increase in the participation in Usiminas		—		—		(1,010)		—
Adjusted Equity Holders’ Net Income		627		153		1,272		1,728
Divided by: the outstanding shares of common stock, net of treasury shares (expressed in ADS equivalent)		196		196		196		196
Adjusted Earnings per ADS ()	1.38		3.19		0.78		6.48		8.80

All values are in US Dollars.

Free Cash Flow

$ MILLION	3Q23	2Q23	3Q22	9M23	9M22
Net cash provided by operating activities	945	48	1,034	1,606	1,721
Less: capital expenditures	(382)	(198)	(136)	(778)	(422)
Free cash flow	563	(150)	898	828	1,299

Net Cash Position

$ BILLION	SEPTEMBER 30, 2023	JUNE 30, 2023	SEPTEMBER 30, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents2	1.8	0.9	1.5
Plus: other investments (current and non-current)2	2.7	2.1	1.4
Less: borrowings (current and non-current)	(2.2)	(0.9)	(1.1)
Net cash position	2.4	2.2	1.8

(2)    Ternium Argentina’s consolidated position of cash and cash equivalents and other investments amounted to $1.3 billion as of September 30, 2023, and $1.0 billion as of June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022.

21