Hello everybody and welcome to the Virtu Financial fourth quarter 2025 earnings call. My name is Elliot and I'll be coordinating your call today. If you would like to register a question during today's event, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. I'd like to hand over to Matt Sandberg at Virtu Financial. Please go ahead.

Thank you and good morning everyone. Thank you for joining us. Our fourth quarter 2025 results were released this morning and are available on our website. With us today on this morning's call, we have Aaron Simons, our Chief Executive Officer, Cindy Lee, our Chief Financial Officer, and Joe Meluso, our Co-President and Co-Chief Operating Officer. We will begin with brief prepared remarks and then take your questions. First, a few reminders. Today's call may include forward-looking statements which represent Virtue's current belief regarding future events and are therefore subject to risks, assumptions, and uncertainties which may be outside the company's control. Please note that our actual results in financial conditions may differ materially from what is indicated in these forward-looking statements. It is important to note that any forward-looking statements made on this call are based on information presently available for the company, and we do not undertake to update or revise any forward-looking statements as new information becomes available. We refer you to disclaimers in our press release and encourage you to review the description of risk factors contained in our annual report, Form 10 and other public filings. During today's call, in addition to GAAP measures, we may refer to certain non-GAAP measures including adjusted net trading income, adjusted net income, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted EBITDA margin. These non-GAAP measures should be considered as supplemental to and not as superior to financial measures as reported in accordance with GAAP. We direct listeners to consult the investor portion of our website where you'll find additional supplemental information referred to on this call, as well as a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to the equivalent GAAP term in the earnings materials, with an explanation of why we deem this information to be meaningful, as well as how management uses these measures. With that, I will turn the call over to Aaron.

Thanks, Matt. Good morning, everyone. As a reminder, the prepared remarks for earnings calls moving forward will focus predominantly on our financial results, allowing us to get to Q&A more quickly. Last call, we spoke about our plan to grow our trading by investing in our infrastructure, acquiring talent, and expanding our capital base. We also emphasized that this growth would be a broad effort across the firm, not limited to a handful of initiatives. The fourth quarter was a preview of the impact of this renewed focus on growth. Our results for the fourth quarter were impacted positively by a favorable operating environment, and while our capital accumulation efforts are just underway, the incremental capital we added and our ability to dynamically deploy it had a meaningful impact on our results. I'll hand it over to our Chief Financial Officer Cindy Lee who will review the financial results. As always you can find additional perspective on the quarter in our detailed supplement. After her statement we will move on to Q&A.

Thank you Aaron and good morning everyone. For the fourth quarter 2025 we generated adjusted net trading income or ANSI of 9.7 million dollars per day or a total of 613 million dollars. This was the highest quarterly total since Q1 2021. For the full year 2025 we generated 8.6 million dollars per day or 2.1 billion dollars in total. Turning to our segment performance, market making reported ANSI of 7.8 million dollars per day for Q4 and 6.7 million dollars per day for the full year 2025. Earth2 Execution Services reached $2 million per day for the quarter, and $1.9 million per day for the full year. This is the seventh consecutive quarter of increased ANSI for VES, and a high watermark since early 2022, an indication of substantial progress we have been building within the VES business. This performance reflects the investment we have made in technology, our focus on client acquisition, and the extension of our product offering. Both of our operating segments benefited from generally favorable market conditions, elevated volumes and strong execution by our team. Our profitability this quarter was robust. We generated $442 million in adjusted EBITDA, representing a 72% margin. Adjusted EPS was $1.85. For the full year 2025, we recorded $1.4 billion in adjusted EBITDA, 65% margin, and $5.73 in adjusted ETS. These numbers all represent heights since 2021 and underscored operating leverage inherent in our business. On slide 6 of our supplemental materials, we provided a summary of our operating expenses. Our full year 2025 cash compensation ratio was at 19%, which was within the historical range. The increase in compensation expense reflects our continued focus on retaining and acquiring top talent across the organization, particularly in trading and technology. Turning to capital, we increased our invested capital by $625 million in 2025, $448 million dollars of which came in the second half of the year, while generating an average return of 100% over the year. We will continue to expand our capital base, strengthen our infrastructure, and deploy capital where we see the greatest opportunities, all while maintaining our quarterly dividend of 24 cents per share. This completes our prepared remarks. We will now take your questions.

Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, please press star followed by two. When preparing to ask your question, please ensure your device is unmuted locally. First question comes from Eli Aboud with Bank of America. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. The dollar value of your 605 quoted spread looks like it declined sequentially. So is it fair for us to conclude that this quarter's strong performance came from areas outside of equities? And if so, can you provide some granularity on which asset classes were the largest contributors to your sequential growth?

Good morning, Eli. It's Joe. I think when you look at our performance this quarter, you've got to begin with the favorable operating environment, realize the volatility was up, the VIX was up, equity share volumes were up. And there's a number of underlying drivers in the environment that should hopefully allow that to continue around asset rotation, around dollars, fixed income, currencies, commodities. We're a scaled, globally connected firm. And we are more than just the retail flow business that shows up in the 605 reports. So, I think that's the takeaway that we would want to leave with you. I think the growth in the trading capital base had an impact. We had a 100% return on incremental capital in the quarter. I don't expect that to always be the case, but obviously, when you make that kind of return and you have incrementally more capital, then it has an impact. As Cindy mentioned, VES had a record quarter. All of its businesses are performing well. There's accelerating client engagement. There's new clients doing business. They're onboarding a lot of clients. There's existing clients doing more business. And that performance has been across all products, brokerage, algos, venues, workflow analytics, and all geographies. So, you know, yes, that's a long answer. The short answer to your question is yes. The customer market-making business, even though the quoted spreads have been down in the beginning of the quarter, as you can see from the public information, it's still elevated, I think, over a long period of time. But the non-customer businesses, it did well, very well.

And for our follow-up, ETF fund launches are expected to hit a record in 2026 with the retail ETF share class proposal out of the SEC. So I was wondering if you could refresh us on where Virtu has exposure to the ETF market and help us understand the materiality to Virtu if that does in fact come to pass. And in particular, I was hoping maybe you could help us size up the contribution of your Create Redeem business for the overall Virtue P&L.

Again, Eli, I think it's difficult right now to give you something that would quantify the impact. But in general, we are a very large player across all of our businesses in ETFs. We're in AP and I don't know how many, but a large number of ETFs. There are, you know, it's a growing share class. It's continued to be a growing share class, but you may be referring to some of the electronification around and tokenization, which again, more product, you know, more structure is generally a good thing for us. So, I can't quantify for you a specific ETF statistic, it touches just about every part of our business.

We now turn to Patrick Moley with Piper Sandler. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

Hey, guys. This is Will Kops on for Patrick this morning. So again, prediction markets obviously seems like they take an even larger role in the headlines every day. Can you give us your updated thoughts on participating in the asset class and whether sports or non-sports contracts would represent a more attractive entry point in the space?

Sure. So we're generally optimistic anytime there's a new market or a new asset class to trade. So we're definitely in the process of connecting, understanding how the venues work, establishing relationships. That being said, in these markets, there's not like perfect regulatory or legal certainty. So we're definitely being very careful and evaluating how those things are going to shake With regards to the actual markets, I mean, obviously, there are certain markets that are much more similar to our current trading than, for example, like outright sports bets. But even within that context, there are market-making-like activities, cross-exchange, arbitrage, and things of the like that we'll certainly investigate.

Yeah, thanks a lot.

We now turn to Dan Fannin with Jeffries. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

This is actually Rick Roy on for Dan, and this is my formal welcome to the new annual event. And aside from that, are you able to quantify or perhaps describe how impactful the non-equity side of the business was in terms of the market-making metrics that you posted this quarter and, you know, perhaps even layering that on to VES and, you know, things like cross-asset workflows? and specifically with regards to some of the volatility that we saw with digital assets, professional metals, and commodities. And I know you don't get sort of that thick breakout anymore, but any sort of incremental color around that would be helpful.

Again, this is Joe. I think I would repeat a little bit the answer to the first question. And oftentimes when we get an equities versus non-equities question, there's an underlying assumption there that equities represents the 605 business and everything else is non-equities, and that's not true. So the 605 retail flow business is what it is. As I said, it was a very good quarter. It was elevated relative to the past, and it was just the public metrics anyway indicated, as someone pointed out, that it was down quarter over quarter. But in the non-customer market-making business, we have a very large equities presence. We have a fixed income currencies and commodities presence. We have an options presence. We have a crypto presence. And as I said, we're global. So in a quarter where you have these kind of asset flows and these kind of movements in asset prices between fixed income and commodities and currencies and equities and in Europe and in Asia and in the U.S., a firm like ours can thrive. So we don't break that out. We have no intention of breaking it out. But it's important, I think, to understand that outside of the retail flow business, we have a broad market-making business that includes global equities, which did very well.

Understood. And then maybe just a follow-up then on sort of the non-retail, more subtle client side of the business, where are you sort of seeing the greatest level of incremental demand? Would it be incremental customer ads or greater utilization of some of those services, whether on the market-making side or, you know, on the execution side?

That's more of a VES question, I think. And as I said, VES is firing on all cylinders. There's been a great deal of product improvement over the past year, two years, three years, in terms of the algos, in terms of venues, and in terms of workflow and analytics. There is retooling going on to accommodate non-equities asset classes in the workflow and analytics products, and that's continuing. Anyway, so VES had a very good quarter, and we have stated a goal of $2 million a day through the cycle for VES. Obviously, this was a favorable environment, and they were just short of it. So I think we're well on our way to getting to that goal, you know, on a through-the-cycle basis.

That's helpful. but I guess any commentary on maybe the forward pipeline on, you know, adding customers or product innovation on that side?

Yes, all of you both.

Understood. Thank you. We now turn to Alex Blostein with Goldman Sachs. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

Hey, everyone. Good morning. This is actually Aditya filling in for Alex. Thank you for taking our question. Just zooming out and looking at the bigger picture, can you discuss your top three strategic priorities for 2026 in terms of either new initiatives or, you know, existing markets? Thank you.

Yeah, so, I mean, as we sort of said in the last two statements, we're not focusing on a very small number of growth initiatives. We're really just focusing on growing everywhere in the firm and responding dynamically to the market opportunities that are available. but it's a very broad effort to, you know, increase the total firm's trading capital, which we move around relative to opportunity, investing in our infrastructure and acquiring excellent people.

As another reminder, if you'd like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad now. We now turn to Ken Worthington with J.P. Morgan. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. Thanks for getting the questions. You mentioned you deployed incremental capital during the quarter. Can you give us a sense of the magnitude of the incremental capital that you did deploy? And as we look to the coming quarters, if market conditions are accommodative, what is the magnitude of incremental capital that you could deploy if you so chose?

Yes, Ken. Good morning. I think if you look at the 2024 year-end trading capital that we published, and then if you look at the 2025 year-end trading capital that we published, the total increase was over $600 million, $628 million. $450 of that was in the second half. And as you know, as your firm helped us increase our total debt by $300 million, So the debt increase was a portion of that. The answer in terms of how much we deployed is sort of easy in that we've deployed pretty much all of it. And that doesn't mean that we don't maintain substantial buffers and substantial excess capital in our U.S. broker-dealer and our other regulated MEs. It just means that we've reduced the cost of capital because we rely less on contingent liquidity like revolvers to fund our operations. But I think overall and long term, when you have a quarter like this, you're going to have opportunities to deploy the capital. There will possibly be quarters when you're not deploying all of it or your buffers are are greater just because the opportunity isn't there. Again, I think the underlying drivers of the environment are in place, and hopefully we're not in that position. I think on the prior call last quarter, we stated a long-term goal of being, through the cycle, $10 million a day. And if you look at historical returns on capital, I don't expect them to be 100%. But if they're in the 50, 60, 70% range, you can do the math and figure out that we would expect to be able to deploy more capital than we have today. And we will achieve that through organic growth and we'll achieve it through incremental borrowings to the extent they make sense and they're prudent. So it's a nuanced answer because it's really going to depend quarter to quarter. But in order to achieve our long-term goals, we're going to use the amount of capital we have today and even more.

Okay, great. Thank you. I'll take a shot on this question. I spot a twin polymarket in part because of innovations around clearing settlement and collateral. Do you see the potential for these types of efficiencies to be big enough to make a difference to the Virtu P&L? And if so, do these sort of changes widen the advantage that the Virtu Citadels and Jumps have over the rest of the market, or do they level the playing field?

I can say that. I think it's, like, a little early to say what the exact economic impact is going to be. I don't really view it as something that's going to be a step change in our sort of all-in profitability on these sorts of trades. But I do think, in general, when there's added complexity in the market space of just different ways of trading the same thing, more connectivity, more different protocols, that's a relative competitive advantage for us because we're in everything everywhere and connecting to another venue and understanding another clearing settlement cycle is just something that we've done over and over and over again. So, anytime there's sort of like, you know, multiple products with the same underlayer, that's a relative tailwind for us. So, you know, we're happy for the increased product space.

Great. Thank you.

This concludes our question and answer session. I'll hand back to the management team for any final remarks.

I think that's it. Thanks, everyone, for joining.

Ladies and gentlemen, today's call has now concluded. I'd like to thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your lines.