Webuy Global Ltd F-1, filed Jun 25, 2025
Webuy Global Ltd (WBUY)
As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 2025
Registration No. 333-
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
F-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Cayman Islands | 7389 | Not Applicable | ||
| (State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number) |
(IRS. Employer Identification Number) |
35 Tampines Street 92
Singapore
528880
+65 8859 9762
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Cogency
Global Inc.
122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor
New York, NY 10168
(212) 947-7200
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With a Copy to:
| William S. Rosenstadt,
Esq. Mengyi “Jason” Ye, Esq. Yarona L. Yieh, Esq. Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP 366 Madison Avenue, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017 212-588-0022 |
Ying Li,
Esq. Guillaume de Sampigny, Esq. Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC 950 Third Avenue, 19th Floor New York, NY 10022 212-530-2210 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
| † | The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012. |
The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell the securities until the registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting any offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where such offer or sale is not permitted.
| PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS | SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JUNE 25, 2025 |
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
1,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares and/or
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase Class A Ordinary Shares
We are offering, on a best-efforts basis, (i) up to $10,000,000 of our Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0000462 per share (“Class A Shares”); and (ii) to each purchaser whose purchase of Class A Shares in this offering would otherwise result in the purchaser’s beneficial ownership exceeding 4.99% of our issued and outstanding Class A Shares immediately following the consummation of this offering, the opportunity to purchase, in lieu of Class A Shares, pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase an equivalent number of Class A Shares (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”), pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of [ ], between the Company and the purchasers identified on the signature pages thereto. The Class A Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be referred to herein, collectively, as the “Securities.” The number of Securities to be sold and the actual public offering price for the Securities will be determined at the time of pricing.
Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of Pre-Funded Warrants will not have the right to exercise any portion of its Pre-Funded Warrant if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, such limit may be increased to up to 9.99%) of the number of Class A Shares issued and outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. Each Pre-Funded Warrant will be exercisable for one Class A Share. The purchase price of each Pre-Funded Warrant will be equal to the public offering price per Class A Share to be sold in this offering minus US$0.001, the exercise price per Pre-Funded Warrant Share). The Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercisable immediately after issuance and will expire five (5) years from the date of issuance. The holder of a Pre-Funded Warrant will not be deemed a holder of our underlying Class A Shares until the Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised. For each Pre-Funded Warrant that we sell (without regard to any limitation on exercise set forth therein), the number of Class A Share we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis.
We will pay all of the expenses incident to the registration, offering and sale of the Securities under this prospectus.
For purposes of this prospectus, we have assumed an offering price of $10.00 per Class A Share, solely to provide the necessary disclosures that require a calculation based on the offering price. The actual public offering price may be lower than the assumed price and may be at a discount to the current market price. Accordingly, the assumed offering price used throughout this prospectus is not indicative of the final public offering price. Our Class A Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “WBUY.”
We are authorized to issue 2,166,666,666 ordinary shares, divided into 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares, par value $0.0000462 per share, and 416,666 Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0000462 per share (the “Class B Shares”). As of the date of this prospectus, there are 1,045,336 Class A Shares and 178,296 Class B Shares issued and outstanding. Each Class A share is entitled to one (1) vote and each Class B share is entitled to ten (10) votes. Each Class B Share is convertible into one Class A Share at the option of the holder of the Class B Share. Class A Shares are not convertible into a Class B Shares. A holder of Class B Shares is not entitled to any dividend or distribution made by the Company, save for any distribution to shareholders in the event of the liquidation of the Company.
Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing this offering, we may sell fewer than all of the securities offered hereby, which may significantly reduce the amount of proceeds received by us, and investors in this offering will not receive a refund in the event that we do not sell a number of securities sufficient to pursue the business goals outlined in this prospectus. Because there is no minimum offering amount, investors could be in a position where they have invested in our company, but we are unable to fulfill our objectives due to a lack of interest in this offering. Any proceeds from the sale of Class A Shares offered by us will be available for our immediate use, despite uncertainty about whether we would be able to use such funds to effectively implement our business plan. See “Use of Proceeds” on page 17 for more information.
Upon completion of this offering, our issued and outstanding shares will consist of 2,045,336 Class A Shares (assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised) and 178,296 Class B Shares.
Further issuances of Class B Shares may be dilutive to holders of our Class A Shares. It could have the effect of increasing the overall voting power of Class B Shareholders relative to Class A Shareholders, diluting, and diminishing the influence and control of Class A Shareholders over our company’s affairs.
We are an “Emerging Growth Company” and a “Foreign Private Issuer” under applicable U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, are eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements. Please see Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Implications of Being a Foreign Private Issuer beginning on page 5 for more information.
We are a holding company that is incorporated in the Cayman Islands. As a holding company with no operations, we conduct all of our operations through our subsidiaries in Singapore and Indonesia. The Class A Shares offered in this offering are shares of the holding company that is incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Investors of our Class A Shares should be aware that they may never directly hold equity interests in our subsidiaries.
The information contained or incorporated in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.
Investing in our securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read and consider the ’‘Risk Factors’’ section of this prospectus, and risk factors set forth in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, in other reports incorporated herein by reference, and in the applicable prospectus supplement before you make your investment decision.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
| PER CLASS A SHARE | PER PRE-FUNDED WARRANT | APPROXIMATE TOTAL (ASSUMING ALL PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS ARE EXERCISED) | ||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | 10.00 | $ | 9.999 | $ | 10,000,000 | ||||||
| Placement agent commission(1) | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.65 | $ | 650,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds to the Company before expenses | $ | 9.35 | $ | 9.349 | $ | 9,350,000 | ||||||
| (1) | See “Plan of Distribution” for a description of compensation payable to the placement agent. |
We have engaged D. Boral Capital LLC as our exclusive placement agent to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit offers to purchase the Securities offered by this prospectus. The placement agent has no obligation to buy any of the securities from us or to arrange for the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the Securities. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing in this offering, the actual public offering amount, the placement agent’s fee, and the proceeds to us, if any, are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the total maximum offering amounts set forth above and throughout this prospectus.
We will deliver the Securities being issued to the investors electronically, upon closing and receipt of investor funds for the purchase of the Securities offered pursuant to this prospectus. We expect the delivery of such securities against payment in U.S. dollars will be made, with respect to the Securities sold at the closing, in New York, New York on or about , 2025.
D. Boral Capital
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and the documents we incorporate by reference in this prospectus. We and the placement agent have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We and the placement agent do not take any responsibility for, and cannot provide any assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the placement agent are not making an offer to sell the securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale thereof is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus is accurate only as of the respective date of such information, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale or offer to sell hereunder. You should not assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since that date.
To the extent this prospectus contains summaries of the documents referred to herein, you are directed to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed, or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and you may obtain copies of such documents as described below in the section titled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”
i
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
Except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus, neither we nor the placement agent have taken any action to permit a public offering of these securities outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of these securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.
For investors outside of the United States of America (the “United States” or the “U.S.”): Neither we nor the placement agent have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction, other than the United States, where action for that purpose is required. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of our ordinary shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.
Webuy’s reporting currency is the United States dollar. The functional currencies of New Retail and its subsidiaries are their local currencies (Singapore dollar and Indonesian Rupiah). New Retail engages in foreign currency denominated transactions with customers and suppliers, as well as between subsidiaries with different functional currencies. Gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in non-functional currencies are recognized in earnings.
Unless otherwise noted, (i) all industry and market data in this prospectus is presented in U.S. dollars, (ii) all financial and other data related to our company in this prospectus is presented in U.S. dollars, (iii) all references to “$” or “USD” in this prospectus (other than in our financial statements) refer to U.S. dollars, (iv) all references to “S$” or “SGD” in this prospectus refer to Singapore dollars, and (v) all references to “IDR” refer to Indonesian Rupiah.
Our fiscal year end is December 31. References to a particular “fiscal year” are to our fiscal year ended December 31 of that calendar year. Our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
We obtained the industry, market, and competitive position data in this prospectus from our own internal estimates, surveys, and research as well as from publicly available information, industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. We have commissioned the industry report from Frost and Sullivan Limited (“Frost & Sullivan”). Industry publications, research, surveys, studies, and forecasts generally state that the information they contain has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and uncertainties as the other forward-looking statements in this prospectus, and to risks due to a variety of factors, including those described under “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these forecasts and other forward-looking information.
This prospectus contains additional trademarks, service marks and trade names of others. All trademarks, service marks and trade names appearing in this prospectus are, to our knowledge, the property of their respective owners. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trademarks, service marks or trade names to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other person.
ii
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
Certain market data and forecasts used throughout this prospectus were obtained from internal company surveys, market research, consultant surveys, reports of governmental and international agencies and industry publications and surveys. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and reports generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. Our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.
iii
This summary highlights information contained in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information you should consider in making your investment decision. You should read the entire prospectus carefully before making an investment in our Class A Shares. You should carefully consider, among other things, our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus from the annual report (the “2024 Annual Report”).
Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this annual report only, references to:
| ● | “BBPL” are to Bear & Bear Pte Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “New Retail” are to New Retail International Pte Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of WeBuy; |
| ● | “PTBK” are to PT Buah Kita Retail, a wholly owned subsidiary of PTWB; |
| ● | “PTWB” are to PT Webuy Social Indonesia a 95% owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “PTWT” are to PT Webuy Travel Indonesia, a 70% owned subsidiary of PTWB; |
| ● | “Subsidiaries” are to are to New Retail International Pte Ltd., The Shopaholic Bear Pte Ltd., Bear Bear Pte Ltd., and PT Webuy Social Indonesia, PT Buah Kita Retail, PT Webuy Travel Indonesia, Webuy Travel Pte. Ltd., Webuy Advisory Pte Ltd, Webuy Prime Indonesia, Webuy Travel Pte. Ltd., and PT Travel With Webuy; |
| ● | “TSB” are to The Shopaholic Bear Pte Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “WTPL” are to Webuy Travel Pte. Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of New Retail. |
| ● | “WAPL” are to Webuy Advisory Pte Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “WPI” are to Webuy Prime Indonesia, a 99% owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “WTPL” are to Webuy Travel Pte. Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of New Retail; |
| ● | “TWW” are to PT Travel With Webuy, a 99% owned subsidiary of WTPL; |
| ● | “We”, “us”, “our”, the “Company”, and “our company” are to WeBuy and its Subsidiaries; and |
| ● | “WeBuy” are to WEBUY GLOBAL LTD, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. |
1
Corporate History and Structure
The following is an organizational chart setting forth our corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus.
Business Overview
We are an emerging SEA community e-commerce retailor with dual focus on grocery and travel. Our approach to electronic commerce (“e-commerce”) encompasses an extensive array of online commercial activities, including but not limited to, sales and purchases of products or services, supply chain management, electronic funds transfer, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange, inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.
At the core of our business model is a unique form of community e-commerce, which synergizes social media users with shared interests into powerful community groups across platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, WeChat, WhatsApp, Line, TikTok, and YouTube. This strategy leverages deep personal connections and the natural power of word-of-mouth, generating highly personalized and targeted insights. This enables us to reach and engage with our target audiences more effectively. Community groups are meticulously formed based on the geographic proximity of members and their online shopping behaviors, with a dedicated community leader driving group cohesion, managing events, and enhancing customer services.
In May 2022, leveraging our established community ties, we strategically diversified our offerings by introducing innovative travel services, tapping into rising regional demand post-pandemic. Our travel products include group tours, cruises, and flexible free-and-easy packages.
In December 2024, we deepened our travel technology focus with the launch of Micky1.0, our proprietary Travel AI assistant available via WhatsApp. Micky1.0 provides users with instant, intelligent travel support—delivering real-time package recommendations, quotes, weather forecasts, and itinerary planning tools in multiple languages (e.g., English, Malay, Chinese). This AI tool is designed to serve as a virtual travel agent, combining ease-of-use with personalized experiences and strengthening our digital travel planning business.
Expanding on our recent progress, we officially introduced our Online-to-Offline (O2O) business model in October 2023, utilizing an advanced franchise system. This model represents a significant advancement in retail by integrating our digital capabilities that foster physical interactions and strong customer relationships and offering distinctive value propositions. The O2O strategy goes beyond an expansion; it elevates the consumers’ e-commerce journey by weaving together our online community strength with offline experiences, as we continue to promote and implement our vision, which vision revolves around a consumer-centric retail environment anchored in trust, engagement, and exceptional service delivery.
2
Our Business Model
A. Group buy Model
Our social e-commerce community is built upon a “group buy” model, which fosters customer engagement. On this platform, our customers are able to be part of a group purchase and enjoy lower prices, or purchase products and services individually. This also allows them to share purchase interests with their social network, strengthen existing connections and meet new acquaintances, and gain meaningful experience and additional shopping perks in the form of e-vouchers and sales commissions.
Our “group buy” model embraces a human element manifested in the Group Leader role offered to customers. Webuy and its network of suppliers work closely with its community of Group Leaders, forging a mutually dependent relationship to serve its customers. In helping to arrange for group purchases and delivery pick-up at a single location, these Group Leaders are significant in reducing Webuy’s user acquisition and logistics costs. These Group Leaders are well-equipped to carry out their delegated responsibility, being supported with technology tools, consistent training, marketing materials, and delivery services. Group Leaders’ houses could also serve as a pickup location for their local customers and reduce the delivery cost. An illustration of this model is below:
B. Incorporation and utilization of technology
Our smart recommendation algorithm allows us to derive data on customers’ preferences and up-to-date shopping trends by gathering information about customers’ purchase trends and purchase history and product reviews. The platform will then generate brand or product recommendations to customers on Webuy’s home page and prioritize customers’ repeat purchases and recent searches at the top of the Webuy webpage.
Our advanced IT infrastructure plays a pivotal role in our O2O transition. It seamlessly integrates offline and online operations, synchronizing data from both channels into a unified backend system. This integration enables the collection of valuable customer data, including gender, age, purchase history, and the use of online app wallet balances for in-store purchases. This technological integration enhances the overall customer experience and operational efficiency.
In December 2024, we launched Micky1.0, our proprietary Travel AI assistant available via WhatsApp. Micky1.0 empowers users to receive real-time answers to travel-related queries, offering intelligent support such as itinerary recommendations, up-to-date weather reports, package comparisons, hotel and flight bookings, and destination insights — all in multiple languages and formats (text or voice). This launch marked a technological milestone in our commitment to elevate the user experience across verticals, allowing customers to plan and manage their travel needs with the same convenience as grocery shopping on our platform.
3
With our technology, we are able to elevate user experience on our Webuy platform with an added short video review feature that capitalizes on the rising trend of Tiktok short videos and allows users to have fun while generating product reviews. Customers are also able to liaise with Group Leaders to collate and place bulk orders via our linked social networking channel, eliminating the hassle that comes with placing large quantities of orders and ensuring a seamless and efficient purchase. Our platform also integrates online payment service providers namely UnionPay and PayNow, to allow customers to make secure online payments.
C. End-to End Involvement in the Sale and Purchase Process
We strive towards a “fast in fast out” model where inventory management is concerned, to avoid long turn-over periods and wastage of perishable products due to unsold inventory.
By integrating a “pre-order” function on our platform, we have been able to apply a significant portion of each shipment towards pre-orders, while selling the remainder of the shipment fairly quickly. This minimizes the amount of unnecessary inventory stock.
We are able to reap economies of scale by taking over the handling of most steps of the sale and purchase process and eliminating third party contractor arrangements along with their cost margins. Buying directly from suppliers and in bulk helps customers to enjoy cost savings.
We take over the operation of the sale and purchase to ensure a seamless process after the initial steps of the sale and purchase are completed, namely marketing and submission of orders on the Webuy app by Group Leaders. Thereafter we consolidate all the orders on a daily basis (by a cut-off time) for orders to be delivered the next day and submit the purchase orders to the suppliers directly. We also arrange with the suppliers for the subsequent shipment of products to our warehouses, sort and mark the packages for delivery, and arrange for our personnel to ship the products to Group Leaders located island wise or to the customers directly.
This integration extends to our travel vertical, where Group Leaders assist with awareness-building, customer onboarding, and gathering community interest in seasonal deals. Through Micky1.0, we reduce friction in the travel planning process by automating information flow, quotations, and preliminary travel inquiries — thereby lowering the operational burden on Group Leaders while providing customers with instant access to professional-level assistance.
For home delivery, customers are able to opt for next-day delivery or up to one week from the date of their order. For pickups from the Group Leaders’ homes, the Group Leaders can decide the dates for pickups, and customers can also discuss with their Group Leaders on which dates they would like the Group Leaders to open up for pickups.
In helping to arrange for group purchases and delivery pick-up at a single location, Group Leaders are significant in reducing Webuy’s user acquisition and logistics costs. Group Leaders are well-equipped to carry out their delegated responsibility, being supported with technology tools, consistent training, marketing materials, and delivery services.
The involvement of Group Leaders substantially reduces last-mile delivery costs since the Group Leaders host the group purchases at their place and liaises with the other customers who make up the collective order to collect their purchases. These features are effective in freeing up Webuy’s resources and lightens its logistics costs and burden, creating space for further research and development to improve the platform and shape its future expansion.
Our expansion into travel services, and now travel AI, underscores our broader mission: to simplify and enrich our users’ lives through tech-enabled, community-driven commerce.
4
Competitive Strengths
We are committed to offering our customers product diversity, quality, and reliability. We believe we have several competitive strengths that will enable us to maintain and increase our market position in the industry. Our competitive strengths include:
| ● | We have a strong supply chain capability that allows us to build up our community by offering a more competitive value proposition than products offered through traditional supply chains. |
| ● | We have a strong community network that provides us with a reliable customer base when we venture into new product offerings and business segments. |
| ● | We provide a competitive and comprehensive selection of product and service categories on our platform, including fresh produce, lifestyle daily essential items (including fast-moving consumer goods (“FMCG”)), e-vouchers and miscellaneous daily needs products. |
| ● | Our executives and directors combine decades of on-the-ground local e-commerce operations and social media marketing experience, as well as professional expertise in the global finance field. |
Implication of Being a Foreign Private Issuer
We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). As such, we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies. For example:
| ● | we are not required to provide as many Exchange Act reports, or as frequently, as a domestic public company; |
| ● | for interim reporting, we are permitted to comply solely with our home country requirements, which are less rigorous than the rules that apply to domestic public companies; |
| ● | we are not required to provide the same level of disclosure on certain issues, such as executive compensation; |
| ● | we are exempt from provisions of Regulation FD aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information; |
| ● | we are not required to comply with the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents, or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; and |
| ● | we are not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any “short-swing” trading transaction. |
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in revenues during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An “emerging growth company” may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to larger public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company, we:
| ● | may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or “MD&A”; |
| ● | are not required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements and analyzing how those elements fit with our principles and objectives, which is commonly referred to as “compensation discussion and analysis”; |
| ● | are not required to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on our management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; |
| ● | are not required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements (commonly referred to as the “say-on-pay,” “say-on frequency” and “say-on-golden-parachute” votes); |
5
| ● | are exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and chief executive officer pay ratio disclosure; |
| ● | are eligible to claim longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under §107 of the JOBS Act; and |
| ● | will not be required to conduct an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting. |
We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under §107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under §107 of the JOBS Act.
Recent Developments
Initial Public Offering
On October 20, 2023, the Company completed its initial public offering. In this offering, the Company issued 3,800,000 ordinary shares of par value US$0.000000385 each (“ordinary shares”) at a price of US$4.00 per share. The Company received gross proceeds in the amount of US$15,200,000 before deducting any underwriting discounts and expenses. The ordinary shares began trading on October 19, 2023 on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “WBUY.”
On November 3 and November 24, 2023, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full to purchase an additional 150,000 and 420,000 ordinary shares, respectively. The Company received gross proceeds of US$2,280,000 in the aggregate before deducting underwriting discounts and expenses.
The ordinary shares issued by the Company in connection with the initial public offering were subsequently re-designated and re-classified as Class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.000000385 each on a one-to-one- basis on March 8, 2024.
Change of Directors and Management
On December 14, 2023, Ms. Lixia Tu tendered her resignation as an independent director, the chairwoman of the Audit Committee, and a member of the Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee of the Company, effective December 14, 2023. On February 1, 2024, at the recommendation of the Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee, the Board of Directors approved and confirmed the appointment of Ms. Fangqin Lin as the succeeding independent director, the chairwoman of the Audit Committee and a member of the Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee of the Company, effective February 1, 2024.
On May 31, 2025, Ms. Fangqin Lin tendered her resignation as an independent director, the chairwoman of the Audit Committee, and a member of the Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee of the Company, effective June 1, 2025. On June 12, 2025, Mr. Heng Wee Koon was appointed as an independent director and as chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Nominating Committee and the Compensation Committee of the Company, effective June 12, 2025.
General Shareholders Meetings
On March 8, 2024, the Company held an extraordinary general shareholder meeting (“EGM”) and effected amendments to its amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, under which the authorized share capital of the Company of US$100,100, which was divided into 260,000,000,000 ordinary shares, of a par value of US$0.000000385 each, was redesignated into (a) 259,950,000,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each, and (b) 50,000,000 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each,, and the 21,395,400 authorized and issued and outstanding ordinary shares held by BIN XUE, GBUY GLOBAL LTD, and WEBUY TALENT LTD were re-designated and re-classified as 21,395,400 class B Shares with a par value of US$0.000000385 each.
6
On December 18, 2024, the Company held an annual general shareholder meeting (“AGM”) at which the shareholders approved, among others, a share consolidation of the Company’s issued and unissued ordinary shares at a ratio of not less than one (1)-for-ten (10) and not more than one (1)-for-forty (40) (the “Range”), with the exact ratio within the Range and the exact date to be determined by the Board in its sole discretion within 1 year. On January 15, 2025, the Board approved a share consolidation at a ratio of one (1)-for-forty (40), resulting in a change of the Company’s authorised share capital from US$100,100 divided into 260,000,000,000 ordinary shares, of a par value of US$0.000000385 each, divided into (a) 259,950,000,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each and (b) 50,000,000 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each to US$100,100 divided into 6,500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each in the share capital of the Company divided into 6,498,750,000 class A Shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each and 1,250,000 class B Shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each.
On March 21, 2025, the Company held an EGM and effected (i) a share consolidation of the Company’s issued and unissued ordinary shares at a ratio of one (1)-for-three (3), resulting in a change of the Company’s authorised share capital from US$100,100 divided into 6,500,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each comprising (a) 6,498,750,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each and (b) 1,250,000 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each, to US$100,100 divided into 2,166,666,666.666 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each comprising (a) 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each and (b) 416,666.666 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each; and (ii) immediately following the share consolidation becoming effective, the authorized but unissued share capital of the Company was diminished by US$0.0000308 by the cancellation of the 0.666 authorized but unissued class B Shares with par value of US$0.0000462 each in the capital of the Company (the “Diminution”) such that immediately following the Diminution, the authorized share capital of the Company was US$100,099.9999692 divided into 2,166,666,666 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each comprising (a) 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each and (b) 416,666 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each.
Adoption of Share Incentive Plan
On December 16, 2024, the Company adopted a 2024 equity incentive plan (the “2024 Plan”) to motivate, attract and retain directors, consultants or key employees to exert their best efforts on behalf of the Company and link their personal interests to those of the Company’s shareholders. The 2024 Plan had a maximum number of 4,200,000 Class A Shares of par value US$0.000000385 each of the Company available for issuance pursuant to all awards under the 2024 Plan. On December 20, 2024, the Company issued 4,200,000 Class A Shares of par value US$0.000000385 each under the 2024 Plan to certain employees of the Company as compensation for their continued service in the Company.
Follow-on Offerings
Self-Underwritten Offering
On May 2, 2024 and May 17, 2024, the Company completed a self-underwritten offering, wherein the Company issued 8,205,862 Class A Shares of par value US$0.000000385 each at an issue price of US$0.29 per share. The Company received gross proceeds in the amount of US$2,900,000 before deducting any related expenses.
Convertible Debenture
On July 26, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with an accredited investor (the “Investor”) to place a Senior Secured Convertible Note (the “Note”) with a maturity date of 24 months after the issuance thereof in the aggregate principal amount of up to $2,400,000 (the “Transaction”), provided that in case of an event of default, the maturity date of the Note may be accelerated and be immediately due and payable. In addition, the Company paid to the Investor a $70,000 commitment fee at the closing.
The Investor may convert the Note in its sole discretion to Company’s Class A Shares at $0.213, or 150% of the VWAP of the Class A Shares on the trading day preceding the Note issuance, provided that the conversion price may not be less than $0.029 (the “Floor Price”). The Investor may not convert any portion of a Note if such conversion would result in the Investor beneficially owning more than 4.99% (the “Maximum Percentage”) of Company’s then issued and Class A Shares, provided, if at any time after the date hereof the Investor beneficially owns in excess of 4.99% of the Class A Shares in the Company that is registered under the 1934 Act or exempt from the registration and qualification requirements under the 1933 Act, then the Maximum Percentage shall automatically increase to 9.99%.
As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has repaid all the remaining balance on the Note.
7
Registered Direct Offering
On December 16, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional investors named thereto (the “Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell, in a registered direct offering (the “Registered Direct Offering”): (i) 5,372,792 Class A Shares of the Company, par value $0.000000385 per share, at a purchase price of $0.1756 per share; and (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 15,640,447 Class A Shares (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) at a purchase price of $$0.1755 to the purchase price for Shares, less the exercise price of $0.0001 per share.
The Registered Direct Offering closed on December 17, 2024. The Company received approximately $3.7 million in gross proceeds from the Registered Direct Offering, before deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Registered Direct Offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The Pre-Funded Warrants were sold to the Purchasers, whose purchase of the Shares in the Registered Direct Offering would otherwise have resulted in the Purchasers, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than 9.99% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Company following the consummation of the Registered Direct Offering. Each Pre-Funded Warrant represents the right to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately and may be exercised at any time until the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full (subject to the beneficial ownership limitation described above).
The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Class A Shares underlying the Pre-funded Warrants were offered by the Company pursuant to a registration statement on Form F-3 (File No.333-283356), previously filed and declared effective by the SEC on December 3, 2024, the base prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement, and the prospectus supplement dated December 16, 2024.
On December 16, 2024, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with D. Boral Capital LLC (“DBC” or the “Placement Agent”), pursuant to which the Company engaged DBC as the exclusive placement agent in connection with the Registered Direct Offering. The Placement Agent agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to arrange for the sale of the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants. In addition, under the Placement Agency Agreement the Company agreed to pay the Placement Agent a placement agent fee in cash equal to seven percent (7.0%) of the aggregate gross proceeds raised from the sale. The Company also agreed to reimburse the Placement Agent at closing for legal and other expenses incurred by them in connection with the Registered Direct Offering in an amount not to exceed $180,000. Furthermore, the Placement Agent was granted a right of first refusal for a period of six (6) months from the closing date of the Registered Direct Offering.
Nasdaq Trading Suspension, Appeal and Reinstation
On January 26, 2024, the Company received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) regarding the Company’s failure to comply with Nasdaq Continued Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Rule”), which requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. A failure to comply with Rule 5550(a)(2) exists when listed securities fail to maintain a closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. Based on the closing bid price for the last 30 consecutive business days, the Company failed to meet the aforesaid requirement. Therefore, in accordance with Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company was provided 180 calendar days, or until July 25, 2024, to regain compliance with the Rule. Subsequently, on July 25, 2024, the Company was provided an additional 180 calendar day compliance period, or until January 21, 2025, to demonstrate compliance.
On January 22, 2025, the Company received a delisting notice from Nasdaq due to non-compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement. Following the expiration of the second 180-day compliance period on January 21, 2025, Nasdaq suspended trading of the Company’s shares on January 31, 2025. As a result, the Company’s Shares were trading on the OTC market due to the implementation of new Nasdaq regulations that mandate immediate delisting after the second compliance period.
To regain its Nasdaq listing, the Company formally appealed the decision and presented its compliance plan at a hearing on February 27, 2025.
8
On March 21, 2025, the Panel granted the Company’s request for an exception to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule. As a condition of continued listing, the Company had to demonstrate compliance by May 2, 2025, and provide prompt notification of any significant developments affecting its status.
On April 30, 2025, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq confirming that the Company has demonstrated compliance with the minimum bid price requirement set forth in Rule 5550(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, as required by the Panel decision. Consequently, the Company’s shares had been reinstated to trade on Nasdaq Capital Market, effective May 8, 2025.
Risk Factor Summary
Our business is subject to multiple risks and uncertainties, as more fully described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. We urge you to read “Risk Factors” and this prospectus in full. Our principal risks may be summarized as follows:
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
Risks and uncertainties related to our business and industry include, but are not limited to, the following:
| ● | Any harm to our brand or reputation may materially and adversely affect our business and result of operations. |
| ● | We operate in a competitive environment and may lose market share and customers if we fail to compete effectively. |
| ● | We may face challenges in expanding our product offerings. |
| ● | If we are unable to manage our growth or execute our strategies effectively, our business and prospects may be materially and adversely affected. |
| ● | We have a history of losses, operating losses and negative cash flow from operating activities, and we may continue to incur losses and operating losses, and experience negative cash flow from operating activities, in the future. |
| ● | We rely on commercial banks and third-party online payment service providers for payment processing on our platform. If these payment services are restricted or curtailed in any way or become unavailable to us or our buyers for any reason, our business may be materially and adversely affected. |
| ● | If we or our suppliers fail to obtain and maintain the licenses, permits or approvals required by the jurisdictions we operate, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely impacted. |
| ● | If we are unable to maintain a strong customer base that attracts new customers and repeat purchases from existing customers, or if we are unable to build and sustain an integrated ecosystem for the goods we carry, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. |
| ● | If we fail to anticipate our customers’ needs and provide offerings to attract and retain customers, or fail to adapt our services or business model to changing needs of our customers or emerging industry standards, our business may be materially and adversely affected. |
| ● | We depend on talented, experienced and committed personnel to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to recruit, train, motivate and retain qualified personnel or sufficient workforce while controlling our labor costs, our business may be materially and adversely affected. | |
| ● | If we fail to recruit new Group Leaders or keep our existing Group Leaders motivated, our business may suffer. | |
| ● | Customer growth and activity on mobile devices depends upon effective use of mobile operating systems, networks and standards that we do not control. |
| ● | We do not have, and may be unable to obtain, sufficient insurance to insure against certain business risks. As a result, we may be exposed to significant costs and business disruption. | |
| ● | We may be the subject of anti-competitive, harassing, or other detrimental conduct by third parties including complaints to regulatory agencies, negative blog postings, negative comments on social media and the public dissemination of malicious assessments of our business that could harm our reputation and cause us to lose market share, customers and revenues and adversely affect the price of our Class A Shares. |
| ● | We could face uncertain tax liabilities in various jurisdictions where it operates and suffer adverse financial consequences as a result. |
| ● | We may need to raise capital in addition to this offering, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all, and which may cause dilution to holders of our Class A Shares, restrict our operations or adversely affect our ability to operate and continue our business. |
| ● | Our indebtedness could have important consequences to you. |
9
Risks Related to Our Securities
| ● | We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. |
| ● | The market price of our Class A Shares can be volatile and can fluctuate substantially, which could result in substantial losses for purchasers of our Class A Shares in this offering. |
| ● | Short selling may drive down the market price of our Class A Shares. |
| ● | Our management has broad discretion to determine how to use the funds raised in this offering and may use them in ways that may not enhance our results of operations or the price of our Class A Shares. |
| ● | Because we are a foreign private issuer and are exempt from certain Nasdaq corporate governance standards applicable to U.S. issuers, you will have less protection than you would have if we were a domestic issuer. |
| ● | Further issuances of Class B Shares may result in a dilution of the percentage ownership of the existing holders of Class A Shares as a total proportion of ordinary shares in the Company. |
| ● | Our controlling shareholder has substantial influence over the Company. Its interests may not be aligned with the interests of our other shareholders, and it could prevent or cause a change of control or other transactions. |
| ● | The conversion of the Convertible Note or future sales of our Class A Shares may further dilute our securities and adversely impact the price of our Class A Shares. |
Risks Related to Countries Where We Operate
| ● | Developments in the social, political, regulatory and economic environment in the countries where we operate, may have a material and adverse impact on us. |
| ● | Disruptions in the international trading environment may seriously decrease our international sales. | |
| ● | Natural events, wars, terrorist attacks and other acts of violence involving any of the countries in which we or our clients have operations could adversely affect our operations and client confidence. |
Risks Related to this Best Efforts Offering
| ● | This is a best efforts offering, no minimum number or dollar amount of securities is required to be sold, and we may not raise the amount of capital we believe is required for our business plans. |
| ● | An active trading market for the Class A Shares may not be maintained and the trading price for the Class A Shares may fluctuate significantly. |
| ● | We may not maintain the listing of the Class A Shares on Nasdaq, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in the Class A Shares and subject us to additional trading restrictions. |
| ● | You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Shares purchased. |
| ● | The trading price of the shares of the Class A Shares has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile, and purchasers of the Class A Shares could incur substantial losses. |
| ● | The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of the Class A Shares could adversely affect their market price. |
| ● | We may use the proceeds of this offering in ways with which you may not agree. |
| ● | There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop for the Pre-Funded Warrants. |
Corporate Information
Our principal executive office is located at 35 Tampines Street 92 Singapore 528880. The telephone number of our principal executive offices is +65 8859 9762. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is located at Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, PO Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 E 42nd St 18th Fl., New York, NY 10168. We maintain a website at www.webuysg.com. We do not incorporate the information on our website into this prospectus and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website. It is included solely as an inactive textual reference.
10
THE OFFERING
| Issuer | WEBUY GLOBAL LTD | |
| Best Efforts Offering | We are offering the Securities on a best-efforts basis. We have engaged D. Boral Capital LLC as our exclusive placement agent to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit offers to purchase the Securities in this offering. The placement agent has no obligation to buy any of the Securities from us or to arrange for the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the Securities.
No minimum offering amount is required as a condition to closing this offering. We intend to complete one closing of this offering, but may undertake one or more additional closings for the sale of the additional Securities. We expect to hold an initial closing of the offering on , 2025, but the offering will be terminated by , 2025, provided that closing of the offering for all of the Securities have not occurred by such date, and may be extended by us. | |
| Securities Offered by us | 1,000,000 Class A Shares at an assumed offering price of $10.00 per Class A Share, and/or Pre-Funded Warrants exercisable for Class A Shares at the public offering price per Class A Share to be sold in this offering minus US$0.001, the exercise price per Pre-Funded Warrant Share. | |
| Class A Shares issued and outstanding prior to completion of this offering | 1,045,336 Class A Shares and 178,296 Class B Shares | |
| Class A Shares issued and outstanding immediately after this offering assuming the purchase of all of the Securities we are offering | 2,045,336 Class A Shares (assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised) and 178,296 Class B Shares | |
| Voting Rights: | Each Class A Share is entitled to one (1) vote.
See the sections titled “Principal Shareholders” and “Description of Share Capital” for additional information. | |
| Lock-up: | The Company, on behalf of itself and any successor entity, has agreed that, without the prior written consent of D. Boral Capital LLC, it will not for a period of ninety (90) days after the closing of this offering (the “Lock-Up Period”), (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company; (ii) file or caused to be filed any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company; (iii) complete any offering of debt securities of the Company, other than entering into a line of credit with a traditional bank, or (iv) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of capital stock of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.
The Company’s directors and officers and any other holder(s) of 10% or more of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares as of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part (and all holders of securities exercisable for or convertible into ordinary shares) shall enter into customary “lock-up” agreements in favor of D. Boral Capital LLC pursuant to which such persons and entities shall agree, for a period of ninety (90) days after the closing of this offering, that they shall not offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, subject to customary exceptions.
See “Securities Eligible for Future Sale” and “Plan of Distribution.” | |
| Listing: | Our Class A Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “WBUY.” | |
| Transfer Agent: | Transhare Corporation | |
| Risk Factors: | You should read the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus for a discussion of factors that you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in shares of our ordinary shares. | |
| Use of Proceeds: | We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to accelerate the development of our AI-powered travel assistant platform and invest in Research & Development for AI-integrated travel hardware. Proceeds will also be used to fund general working capital. |
11
You should carefully consider the risks incorporated by reference in this prospectus before making an investment decision. You should also consider the matters described below and in “Risk Factors” in “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk factors” in the 2024 Annual Report, and all of the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus before deciding whether to purchase our Class A ordinary shares. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks or uncertainties. In that case, the trading price of our Class A ordinary shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risks also include forward-looking statements and our actual results may differ substantially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
We may not be successful in preventing the material adverse effects that any of the following risks and uncertainties may cause. These potential risks and uncertainties may not be a complete list of the risks and uncertainties facing us. There may be additional risks and uncertainties that we are presently unaware of, or presently consider immaterial, that may become material in the future and have a material adverse effect on us. You could lose all or a significant portion of your investment due to any of these risks and uncertainties.
Risks Related to this Best Efforts Offering
This is a best efforts offering, no minimum number or dollar amount of securities is required to be sold, and we may not raise the amount of capital we believe is required for our business plans.
The placement agent has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit offers to purchase the securities in this offering. The placement agent has no obligation to buy any of the securities from us or to arrange for the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the securities. There is no required minimum number of securities that must be sold as a condition to completion of this offering. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to the closing of this offering, the actual offering amount, placement agent’s fees, and proceeds to us are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the maximum amounts set forth in this prospectus. We may sell fewer than all of the securities offered hereby, which may significantly reduce the amount of proceeds received by us, and investors in this offering will not receive a refund in the event that we do not sell a number of securities sufficient to fund our business plans. Thus, we may not raise the amount of capital we believe is required for our operations in the short term and may need to raise additional funds, which may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all.
An active trading market for the Class A Shares may not be maintained and the trading price for the Class A Shares may fluctuate significantly.
We cannot assure you that a liquid public market for the Class A Shares will be maintained. If an active public market for the Class A Shares is not maintained, the market price and liquidity of the Class A Shares may be materially and adversely affected. We can provide no assurance that the trading price of the Class A Shares after this offering will not decline below the public offering price. As a result, investors in the Class A Shares may experience a significant decrease in the value of their Class A Shares.
We may not maintain the listing of the Class A Shares on Nasdaq, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in the Class A Shares and subject us to additional trading restrictions.
The Class A Shares are listed on Nasdaq. In order to continue listing the Class A Shares on Nasdaq, we must maintain certain financial and Class A Share price levels and we may be unable to meet these requirements. On January 26, 2024, we received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq regarding the Company’s failure to comply with Nasdaq Continued Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Rule”), which requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. A failure to comply with Rule 5550(a)(2) exists when listed securities fail to maintain a closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. Based on the closing bid price for the last 30 consecutive business days, the Company failed to meet the aforesaid requirement. Therefore, in accordance with Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company was provided 180 calendar days, or until July 25, 2024, to regain compliance with the Rule. Subsequently, on July 25, 2024, the Company was provided an additional 180 calendar day compliance period, or until January 21, 2025, to demonstrate compliance. On January 22, 2025, we received a delisting notice from Nasdaq due to non-compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement. Following the expiration of the second 180-day compliance period on January 21, 2025, Nasdaq suspended trading of the Company’s shares on January 31, 2025. As a result, the Class A Shares were trading on the OTC market due to the implementation of new Nasdaq regulations that mandate immediate delisting after the second compliance period.
To regain its Nasdaq listing, the Company formally appealed the decision and presented its compliance plan at a hearing on February 27, 2025. On March 21, 2025, the Panel granted the Company’s request for an exception to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule. As a condition of continued listing, the Company had to demonstrate compliance by May 2, 2025, and provide prompt notification of any significant developments affecting its status. On April 30, 2025, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq confirming that the Company has demonstrated compliance with the minimum bid price requirement set forth in Rule 5550(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, as required by the Panel decision. Consequently, the Company’s shares had been reinstated to trade on Nasdaq Capital Market, effective May 8, 2025.
While we have regained compliance, we cannot assure you that the Class A Shares will continue to be listed on Nasdaq in the future. If Nasdaq delists the Class A Shares and we are unable to list the Class A Shares on another national securities exchange, we expect the Class A Shares could be quoted on an over-the-counter market in the United States. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
(a) a limited availability of market quotations for the Class A Shares;
(b) reduced liquidity for the Class A Shares;
12
(c) a determination that the Class A Shares are “penny stock,” which will require brokers trading in the Class A Shares to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for the Class A Shares;
(d) a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
(e) a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
As long as the Class A Shares are listed on Nasdaq, U.S. federal law prevents or pre-empts the states from regulating their sale. However, the law does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar their sale. Further, if we were no longer listed on Nasdaq, we would be subject to regulations in each state in which we offer the Class A Shares.
You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Shares purchased.
Because the public offering price per Class A Shares being offered is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per Class A Share, you will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the Class A Shares you purchase in the offering. Assuming a public offering price of $10.00, you will experience an immediate reduced dilution of approximately $1.54 per Class A Share, with respect to the net tangible book value of the Class A Shares as of December 31, 2024. See “Dilution.”
Furthermore, the number of Class A Shares ultimately issued in this offering will depend on the public offering price. If the price per share is lower than the assumed price used for fee calculation, the Placement Agent may receive interests resulting in a larger number of Class A Shares being issued, resulting in additional dilution to shareholders.
The trading price of the shares of the Class A Shares has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile, and purchasers of the Class A Shares could incur substantial losses.
The Class A Share price has been and will likely continue to be volatile for the foreseeable future. The stock market in general and the market for companies similarly situated like us in particular have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. As a result of this volatility, investors may not be able to sell their Class A Shares at or above the price they paid.
The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of the Class A Shares could adversely affect their market price.
Sales of substantial amounts of the Class A Shares in the public market after the completion of this offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of the Class A Shares and materially impair our ability to raise capital through equity offerings in the future. The Class A Shares sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, and shares held by our existing shareholders may also be sold in the public market in the future subject to the restrictions in Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act and the applicable lock-up agreements, if any. We cannot predict what effect, if any, market sales of securities held by our significant shareholders or any other shareholder or the availability of these securities for future sale will have on the market price of the Class A Shares See “Plan of Distribution” and “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” for a more detailed description of the restrictions on selling our securities after this offering.
13
We may use the proceeds of this offering in ways with which you may not agree.
Our management will have considerable discretion in deciding how to apply the proceeds of this offering. You will not have the opportunity to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately before you make your investment decision. You must rely on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. We cannot assure you that the net proceeds will be used in a manner that will improve our results of operations or increase the price of the Class A Shares nor that these net proceeds will be placed only in investments that generate income or appreciate in value.
There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop for the Pre-Funded Warrants.
There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to apply to list the Pre-Funded Warrants on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized trading system. Without an active market, the liquidity of the Pre-Funded Warrants will be limited. Further, the existence of the Pre-Funded Warrants may act to reduce both the trading volume and the trading price of our Class A Shares.
The Pre-Funded Warrants are speculative in nature.
Except as otherwise provided in the Pre-Funded Warrants, until holders of Pre-Funded Warrants acquire our Class A Shares upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, holders of Pre-Funded Warrants will have no rights with respect to our Class A Shares underlying such Pre-Funded Warrants. Upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a shareholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date.
Moreover, following this offering, the market value of the Pre-Funded Warrants is uncertain. There can be no assurance that the market price of our Class A Shares will ever equal or exceed the price of the Pre-Funded Warrants, and, consequently, whether it will ever be profitable for investors to exercise their Pre-Funded Warrants.
14
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and views of future events, all of which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can find many (but not all) of these statements by the use of words such as “approximates,” “believes,” “hopes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” or other similar expressions in this prospectus. These statements are likely to address our growth strategy, financial results and product and development programs. You must carefully consider any such statements and should understand that many factors could cause actual results to differ from our forward-looking statements. These factors may include inaccurate assumptions and a broad variety of other risks and uncertainties, including some that are known and some that are not. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed and actual future results may vary materially.
Forward-looking statements are based on the reasonable assumptions, estimates, analysis and opinions made in light of our experience and our perception of trends, current conditions and expected developments, as well as other factors that we believe to be relevant and reasonable in the circumstances at the date that such statements are made, but which may prove to be incorrect. Management believes that the assumption and expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable. Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list is not exhaustive of all factors and assumptions which may have been used.
The forward-looking statements, including the statements contained in the sections entitled Risk Factors, Description of Business and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations and elsewhere incorporated by reference in this prospectus, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include but are not limited to:
| ● | assumptions about our future financial and operating results, including revenue, interest rates, income, expenditures, cash balances, and other financial items; |
| ● | our ability to execute our growth and expansion plan, including our ability to meet our goals; |
| ● | current and future economic and political conditions; |
| ● | our ability to compete in a changing e-commerce industry; |
| ● | our ability to raise sufficient funds to carry out our proposed business plan or failure to manage future growth effectively; |
| ● | our capital requirements and our ability to raise any additional financing which we may require; |
| ● | our ability to attract customers and further enhance our brand awareness; |
| ● | our ability to hire and retain qualified management personnel and key employees in order to enable us to develop our business; |
15
| ● | trends and competition in the e-commerce industry; |
| ● | our ability to execute prospective business plans; |
| ● | future decisions by management in response to changing conditions; |
| ● | misjudgments in the course of preparing forward-looking statements; |
| ● | consumers’ and businesses’ willingness to purchase products or services over the Internet; |
| ● | developments in alternative community e-commerce retailors or our inability to satisfy the demand of the existing and potential customers; |
| ● | inability to design, develop, market and sell products or provide services that address additional market opportunities; |
| ● | disruption of supply or shortage of raw materials; |
| ● | our limited operating history by which performance can be gauged; |
| ● | our ability to manage our research, development, expansion, growth and operating expenses; |
| ● | our ability to protect our intellectual property and to develop, maintain and enhance a strong brand; and |
| ● | other assumptions described in this prospectus underlying or relating to any forward-looking statements. |
Although management has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. Forward-looking statements might not prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We wish to advise you that these cautionary remarks expressly qualify, in their entirety, all forward-looking statements attributable to our company or persons acting on our company’s behalf. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting such statements, except as, and to the extent required by, applicable securities laws. You should carefully review the cautionary statements and risk factors contained in this prospectus and other documents that we may file from time to time with the securities regulators.
16
We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $9,103,469, assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised and after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us. These estimates are based upon an assumed offering price of $10.00 per Class A Share. However, because this is a best-efforts offering and there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to the closing of this offering, the actual offering amount, placement agent fees, and net proceeds to us are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the maximum amounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.
We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows, and we have ordered the specific uses of proceeds in order of priority. General corporate purposes may include capital expenditures.
| Description of Use | Estimated Amount of Net Proceeds | |||||||
| Development of AI travel assistant platform | $ | 3,641,388 | 40 | % | ||||
| Research & Development for AI-integrated travel hardware | $ | 3,641,388 | 40 | % | ||||
| General working capital | $ | 1,820,693 | 20 | % | ||||
| Total | $ | 9,103,469 | 100 | % | ||||
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our Class A Shares. We anticipate that we will retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Our board of directors has complete discretion on whether to distribute dividends, subject to applicable laws. Under Cayman Islands law, a Cayman Islands company may pay a dividend either out of profit or share premium account, provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if the dividend payment would result in the company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. Even if our board of directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency, and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions, and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. Cash dividends on our Class A Shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
17
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2024:
| ● | on an actual basis; and |
| ● | on a pro forma basis to reflect the issuance and sale of 1,000,000 Class A Shares by us in this offering based on an assumed offering price of $10.00 per Class A Share, assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised at US$10.00 per Class A Share, after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us |
The pro forma information below is illustrative only, and our capitalization following the completion of this offering is subject to adjustment based on the actual net proceeds to us from the offering. You should read this capitalization table in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, “Use of Proceeds” and the consolidated financial statements and the related notes incorporated by reference into this prospectus and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” in our 2024 Annual Report, and other financial information incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
| Actual | Pro forma | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,148,279 | $ | 13,251,748 | ||||
| Trade payables | 6,102,417 | 6,102,417 | ||||||
| Short-term debts | 264,177 | 264,177 | ||||||
| Long-term debt | 133,303 | 133,303 | ||||||
| Convertible notes payable | 1,525,220 | 1,525,220 | ||||||
| Total indebtedness | $ | 8,025,117 | $ | 8,025,117 | ||||
| Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Class A Shares, 1,045,336 shares issued and outstanding on actual basis, 2,045,336 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis | 35 | 81 | ||||||
| Additional Paid-in capital | 36,953,448 | 46,056,871 | ||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (30,100,945 | ) | (30,100,945 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 271,452 | 271,452 | ||||||
| Total Shareholders’ Equity to shareholders of WEBUY GLOBAL | 7,123,990 | 16,227,459 | ||||||
| Deficit attributable to non-controlling interest | (231,588 | ) | (231,588 | ) | ||||
| Total Shareholders’ Equity | 6,892,402 | 15,995,871 | ||||||
| Total capitalization | 14,917,519 | 24,020,988 | ||||||
Notes:
| (1) | Additional paid-in capital reflects the sale of Class A Shares in this offering at a public offering price of $10.00 per share, after deducting the estimated offering expenses payable by us. The pro forma as further adjusted information is illustrative only. We estimate that such net proceeds will be approximately $9,103,469, assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised ($9,350,000 gross offering proceeds, less the estimated offering expenses payable by us of approximately $246,531) |
18
If you invest in our Class A Shares, your interest will be diluted for each ordinary share you purchase to the extent of the difference between the offering price per ordinary share and our net tangible book value per ordinary share after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the offering price per ordinary share is substantially in excess of the net tangible book value per ordinary share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently issued and outstanding Class A Shares.
Our net tangible book value was approximately $5,782,595, or approximately $7.62 per Class A Share, as of December 31, 2024. Our net tangible book value represents the amount of our total consolidated tangible assets (which is calculated by subtracting intangible assets from our total consolidated assets), less the amount of our total consolidated liabilities. Dilution is determined by subtracting net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering.
After giving effect to the sale of Class A Shares in this offering, assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised, and after deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2024 would have been approximately $14,886,064, or approximately $10.00 per Class A Share. This amount represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $0.84 per share to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of $1.54 per share to purchasers of our Class A Shares in this offering, as illustrated in the following table.
| Offering | ||||
| Fixed offering price per Class A share | $ | 10.00 | ||
| Historical net tangible book value per Class A share as of December 31, 2024 | $ | 7.62 | ||
| Pro forma net tangible book value per Class A share as of December 31, 2024 after giving effect to this offering | $ | 8.46 | ||
| Increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per Class A share as of December 31, 2024 after giving effect to this offering | $ | 0.84 | ||
| Dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering | $ | 1.54 | ||
The dilution information discussed above is illustrative only and may change based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering.
A US$1.00 increase (decrease) in the fixed offering price of $10.00 per Class A Share, which is the fixed offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted net tangible book value per share by $0.57, and increase (decrease) dilution to new investors by $0.43 per share, in each case assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after placement agent’s fees and other estimated offering expenses payable by us.
Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing this offering, we may sell fewer than all, or any, of the securities offered hereby.
19
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
For our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, please see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” in our 2024 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
For a description of our business, please see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview” in our 2024 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. There have been no material changes or developments to our business since the filing of our 2024 Annual Report, except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus.
For major regulations that impact our business, please see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulations” in our 2024 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
For a description of our management, please see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees” and “Item 16G. Corporate Governance” in our 2024 Annual Report and the current report on Form 6-K filed with the SEC on June 5, 2025, which have been incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
For a description of our management, please see “Item 6.B. “Compensation” in our 2024 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. There have been no material changes or developments to our management since the filing of our 2024 Annual Report, except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus.
20
The following table sets forth information with respect to beneficial ownership of our Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares as of the date of this prospectus by:
| ● | Each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares; |
| ● | Each of our director, director nominees and named executive officers; and |
| ● | All directors and named executive officers as a group. |
Our Company is authorized to issue 2,166,666,666 shares, divided into 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares, par value $0.0000462 per share, and 416,666 Class B Shares, par value $0.0000462 per share. As of the date of this prospectus, there are 1,045,336 Class A Shares and 178,296 Class B Shares issued and outstanding. Information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by each director, officer or beneficial owner of more than 5% of our Class A Shares and/or Class B Shares. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally requires that such person have voting or investment power with respect to securities. As of the date hereof, we have 17 registered shareholders of record of Class A Shares and 3 registered shareholders of record of Class B ordinary shares.
| Named Executive Officers and Directors | Amount of Beneficial Ownership (Class A) | Percentage Ownership (Class A) | Amount of Beneficial Ownership (Class B) | Percentage Ownership (Class B) | Pre-Offering Combined Voting Power of Class A and Class B Shares(3) | Post Offering Combined Voting Power of Class A and Class B Shares | ||||||||||||||||||
| Directors and Named Executive Officers: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bin Xue, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman(1) | — | 0 | % | 141,583 | 79.41 | % | 50.06 | % | 36.98 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Ai Lian Phang, Chief Financial Officer | — | 0 | % | — | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Lei Liu, Chief Technology Officer | — | 0 | % | — | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Michelle Ting Ting Tan, Director(2) | — | 0 | % | 5,990 | 4.21 | % | 2.12 | % | 1.56 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Heng Wee Koon, Independent Director and Chairman of Audit Committee | — | 0 | % | — | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| William Tat-Nin Chang, Independent Director and Chairman of Compensation and Nominating Committees | — | 0 | % | — | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Lizhi Qiao, Independent Director | — | 0 | % | — | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| All directors and executive officers as a group (6 persons) | — | 0 | % | 147,573 | 83.62 | % | 52.18 | % | 38.55 | % | ||||||||||||||
| 5% Beneficial Owners: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GBUY GLOBAL LTD(3) | — | 0 | % | 142,134 | 79.72 | % | 50.25 | % | 37.13 | % | ||||||||||||||
| WEBUY TALENT LTD(4) | — | 0 | % | 35,577 | 19.95 | % | 12.58 | % | 9.29 | % | ||||||||||||||
| WU CHUN XIAN | 63,448 | 6.07 | % | — | 0 | % | 2.24 | % | 1.66 | % | ||||||||||||||
| (1) | Bin Xue directly holds 585 Class B ordinary shares and indirectly holds 105,421 and 35,577 Class B ordinary shares and 74.17% and 100% equity interest, through GBUY GLOBAL LTD and WEBUY TALENT LTD, respectively. Bin Xue is the sole director of GBUY GLOBAL LTD and WEBUY TALENT LTD, has the power to direct the voting and disposition of the ordinary shares held by GBUY GLOBAL LTD and WEBUY TALENT LTD, and may be deemed the beneficial owner of all ordinary shares held by GBUY GLOBAL LTD and WEBUY TALENT LTD. |
| (2) | Michelle Ting Ting Tan holds 5,990 shares and 4.21% equity interest in GBUY GLOBAL LTD. |
| (3) | Represents 142,134 Class B ordinary shares held by GBUY GLOBAL LTD, which is beneficially owned and controlled by Bin Xue and its current registered address located at Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, PO Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. |
| (4) | Represents 35,577 Class B ordinary shares held by WEBUY TALENT LTD, which is beneficially owned and controlled by Bin Xue and its current registered address is located at Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, PO Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. |
21
For a description of our related party transactions, please see “Item 7.B. “Related Party Transactions” in our 2024 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. There have been no material changes or developments to our management since the filing of our 2024 Annual Report, except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus.
SECURITIES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to public company reporting requirements for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then that person is entitled to sell those shares without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell within any three-month period beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:
| ● | 1% of the number of ordinary shares; or |
| ● | the average weekly trading volume of the ordinary shares during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such sale. |
Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling shares on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
Rule 701
In general, under Rule 701 of the Securities Act as currently in effect, each of our employees, consultants, or advisors who purchases our ordinary shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock plan or other written agreement executed prior to the completion of this offering is eligible to resell those ordinary shares in reliance on Rule 144, but without compliance with some of the restrictions, including the holding period, contained in Rule 144. However, the Rule 701 shares would remain subject to lock-up arrangements and would only become eligible for sale when the lock-up period expires.
Regulation S
Regulation S provides generally that sales made in offshore transactions are not subject to the registration or prospectus-delivery requirements of the Securities Act.
22
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time, and the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands, which we refer to as the Companies Act below, and the common law of Cayman Islands.
As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized share capital is US$100,099.9999692 divided into 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares, par value $0.0000462 per share, and 416,666 Class B Shares, par value $0.0000462 per share. As of the date of this prospectus, there are 1,045,336 Class A Shares and 178,296 Class B Shares issued and outstanding.
Immediately after to the completion of this offering, we will have 2,045,336 Class A Shares, par value US$0.0000462 each, issued and outstanding, assuming that we sell all of the securities offered in this offering and that all the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised. All of our shares issued and outstanding prior to the completion of the offering are and will be fully paid, and all of our Class A Shares to be issued in the offering will be issued as fully paid.
Our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association
We have adopted a second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association on March 8, 2024. The following are summaries of certain material provisions of our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association adopted on March 8, 2024 (referred to below as our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association) and of the Companies Act, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our ordinary shares.
Objects of Our Company. Under our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the objects of our company are unrestricted, and we are capable of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit, as provided by section 27(2) of the Companies Act.
Ordinary Shares. Our ordinary shares are issued in registered form and are issued when registered in our register of members. We may not issue shares to bearer. No Class B Shares may be allotted, issued or granted by our company to any person other than the Founders or an Affiliate (as defined in the second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association) of any Founder. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares.
Dividends. The holders of our Class A Shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors. The holders of our Class B Shares are not entitled to any dividend or distribution made by our company, save for any distribution to shareholders in the event of the liquidation of our company. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that dividends may be declared and paid out of the funds of our company lawfully available therefor. Under the laws of the Cayman Islands, our company may pay a dividend out of either profit or share premium account; provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid out of our share premium if this would result in our company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business.
Voting Rights. Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by way of a poll save that in the case of a physical meeting, the chairman of the meeting may decide that a vote be on a show of hands unless a poll is demanded by:
| ● | at least three shareholders present in person or by proxy or (in the case of a shareholder being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative for the time being entitled to vote at the meeting; |
| ● | shareholder(s) present in person or by proxy or (in the case of a shareholder being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative representing not less than one-tenth of the total voting rights of all shareholders having the right to vote at the meeting; and |
| ● | shareholder(s) present in person or by proxy or (in the case of a shareholder being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative and holding shares in us conferring a right to vote at the meeting being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all shares conferring that right. |
Each Class A Share shall be entitled to one (1) vote on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of our company, and each Class B Share shall be entitled to ten (10) votes on all matters subject to the vote at general meetings of our company.
23
An ordinary resolution to be passed at a meeting by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the ordinary shares cast at a meeting, while a special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the issued and outstanding ordinary shares at a meeting. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name, making changes to our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, a reduction of our share capital and the winding up of our company. Our shareholders may, among other things, divide or combine their shares by ordinary resolution.
General Meetings of Shareholders. As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obliged by the Companies Act to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that we shall, if required by the Companies Act, in each year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting, and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it, and the annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as may be determined by our directors. All general meetings (including an annual general meeting, any adjourned general meeting or postponed meeting) may be held as a physical meeting at such times and in any part of the world and at one or more locations, as a hybrid meeting or as an electronic meeting, as may be determined by our board of directors in its absolute discretion.
Shareholders’ general meetings may be convened by the chairperson of our board of directors or by a majority of our board of directors. Advance notice of not less than ten clear days is required for the convening of our annual general shareholders’ meeting (if any) and any other general meeting of our shareholders. A quorum required for any general meeting of shareholders consists of, at the time when the meeting proceeds to business, two shareholders holding shares which carry in aggregate (or representing by proxy) not less than one-third of all votes attaching to issued and outstanding shares in our company entitled to vote at such general meeting.
The Companies Act does not provide shareholders with any right to requisition a general meeting or to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that upon the requisition of any one or more of our shareholders holding shares which carry in aggregate not less than one-third of all votes attaching to the issued and outstanding shares of our company entitled to vote at general meetings, our board will convene an extraordinary general meeting and put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. However, our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association do not provide our shareholders with any right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by such shareholders.
Transfer of Ordinary Shares. Subject to the restrictions set out below, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her ordinary shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the relevant stock exchange or any other form approved by our board of directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, ordinary shares may also be transferred in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the relevant stock exchange.
Upon any direct or indirect sale, transfer, assignment or disposal of any Class B Shares by the holder thereof or the direct or indirect transfer or assignment of the voting power attached to such number of Class B Shares through a voting proxy or otherwise by the holder thereof to any person or entity which is neither ultimately controlled by any Founder nor another holder of Class B Shares or an Affiliate of any Founder or such other holder, all Class B Shares held by such holder shall be automatically and immediately converted into an equal number of Class A Shares.
Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share which is not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our board of directors may also decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share unless:
| ● | the instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the ordinary shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
| ● | the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of ordinary shares; |
| ● | the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required; |
| ● | in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the ordinary share is to be transferred does not exceed four; and |
| ● | a fee of such maximum sum as the relevant stock exchange may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as our directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof. |
24
If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.
The registration of transfers may, after compliance with any notice required in accordance with the rules of the relevant stock exchange, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine; provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year as our board may determine.
Liquidation. On the winding up of our company, if the assets available for distribution amongst our shareholders shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the share capital at the commencement of the winding up, the surplus shall be distributed amongst our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them at the commencement of the winding up, subject to a deduction from those shares in respect of which there are monies due, of all monies payable to our company for unpaid calls or otherwise. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, such the assets will be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses are borne by our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them.
Calls on Shares and Forfeiture of Shares. Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture.
Redemption, Repurchase and Surrender of Shares. We may issue shares on terms that such shares are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders of these shares, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by our board of directors. Our company may also repurchase any of our shares on such terms and in such manner as have been approved by our board of directors. Under the Companies Act, the redemption or repurchase of any share may be paid out of our company’s profits, share premium account or out of the proceeds of a new issue of shares made for the purpose of such redemption or repurchase, or out of capital if our company can, immediately following such payment, pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, under the Companies Act no such share may be redeemed or repurchased (a) unless it is fully paid up, (b) if such redemption or repurchase would result in there being no shares outstanding or (c) if the company has commenced liquidation. In addition, our company may accept the surrender of any fully paid share for no consideration.
Variations of Rights of Shares. Whenever the capital of our company is divided into different classes the rights attached to any such class may, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class, only be varied with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of two-thirds of the votes cast at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation, allotment or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with such existing class of shares.
Issuance of Additional Shares. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association authorizes our board of directors to issue additional ordinary shares from time to time as our board of directors shall determine, to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares. No further Class B Shares may be allotted, issued or granted by our company, except with the prior written consent of at least one of the Founders.
Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association also authorizes our board of directors to establish from time to time one or more series of preference shares and to determine, with respect to any series of preference shares, the terms and rights of that series, including, among other things:
| ● | the designation of the series; |
| ● | the number of shares of the series; |
| ● | the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights and voting rights; and |
| ● | the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences. |
25
Our board of directors may issue preference shares without action by our shareholders to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares. Issuance of these shares may dilute the voting power of holders of ordinary shares.
Subject to the provisions of the second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and to compliance with the Companies Act and all other laws and regulations applicable thereto, a holder of Class B Ordinary Shares shall have the right to convert all or any of his/its Class B Shares into Class A Shares. Each Class B Share held by the Founders may be converted at the option of the holder, at any time after issue and without the payment of any additional sum, into one fully paid Class A Share. A holder of Class A Shares shall have no right to convert their Class A Shares into Class B Shares.
Inspection of Books and Records. Holders of our ordinary shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records. However, our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association have provisions that provide our shareholders the right to inspect our register of shareholders without charge, and to receive our annual audited financial statements. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”
Anti-Takeover Provisions. Some provisions of our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that:
| ● | authorize our board of directors to issue preference shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preference shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders; and |
| ● | limit the ability of shareholders to requisition and convene general meetings of shareholders. |
However, under Cayman Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association for a proper purpose and for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.
Exempted Company. We are an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act. The Companies Act distinguishes between ordinary resident companies and exempted companies. Any company that is registered in the Cayman Islands but conducts business mainly outside of the Cayman Islands may apply to be registered as an exempted company. The requirements for an exempted company are essentially the same as for an ordinary company except that an exempted company:
| ● | does not have to file an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies; |
| ● | is not required to open its register of members for inspection; |
| ● | does not have to hold an annual general meeting; |
| ● | may issue shares with no par value; |
| ● | may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation (such undertakings are usually given for 20 years in the first instance); |
| ● | may register by way of continuation in another jurisdiction and be deregistered in the Cayman Islands; |
| ● | may register as an exempted limited duration company; and |
| ● | may register as a segregated portfolio company. |
26
“Limited liability” means that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount unpaid by the shareholder on that shareholder’s shares of the company (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil).
Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Act is derived, to a large extent, from the older Companies Acts of England but does not follow recent English statutory enactments and accordingly there are significant differences between the Companies Act and the current Companies Act of England. In addition, the Companies Act differs from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of certain significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the State of Delaware in the United States and their shareholders.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements. The Companies Act permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company, and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies to the consolidated company. In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The plan must be filed with the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands together with a declaration as to the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, a list of the assets and liabilities of each constituent company and an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the members and creditors of each constituent company and that notification of the merger or consolidation will be published in the Cayman Islands Gazette. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.
A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders of that Cayman subsidiary if a copy of the plan of merger is given to every member of that Cayman subsidiary to be merged unless that member agrees otherwise. For this purpose, a company is a “parent” of a subsidiary if it holds issued shares that together represent at least ninety percent (90%) of the votes at a general meeting of the subsidiary.
The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest over a constituent company is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.
Save in certain limited circumstances, a shareholder of a Cayman constituent company who dissents from the merger or consolidation is entitled to payment of the fair value of his shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, will be determined by the Cayman Islands court) upon dissenting to the merger or consolidation, provided the dissenting shareholder complies strictly with the procedures set out in the Companies Act. The exercise of dissenter rights will preclude the exercise by the dissenting shareholder of any other rights to which he or she might otherwise be entitled by virtue of holding shares, save for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.
27
Separate from the statutory provisions relating to mergers and consolidations, the Companies Act also contains statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies by way of schemes of arrangement, provided that the arrangement is approved by seventy-five per cent in value of the members or class of members, as the case may be, with whom the arrangement is to be made and a majority in number of each class of creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent seventy-five per cent in value of each such class of creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:
| ● | the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met; |
| ● | the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question and the statutory majority are acting bona fide without coercion of the minority to promote interests adverse to those of the class; |
| ● | the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and |
| ● | the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Act. |
The Companies Act also contains a statutory power of compulsory acquisition which may facilitate the “squeeze out” of a dissentient minority shareholder upon a tender offer. When a tender offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares affected within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period commencing on the expiration of such four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares to the offeror on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
If an arrangement and reconstruction by way of scheme of arrangement is thus approved and sanctioned, or if a tender offer is made and accepted, in accordance with the foregoing statutory procedures, a dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, save that objectors to a takeover offer may apply to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for various orders that the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands has a broad discretion to make, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.
The Companies Act also contains statutory provisions which provide that a company may present a petition to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for the appointment of a restructuring officer on the grounds that the company (a) is or is likely to become unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 93 of the Companies Act; and (b) intends to present a compromise or arrangement to its creditors (or classes thereof) either, pursuant to the Companies Act, the law of a foreign country or by way of a consensual restructuring. The petition may be presented by a company acting by its directors, without a resolution of its members or an express power in its articles of association. On hearing such a petition, the Cayman Islands court may, among other things, make an order appointing a restructuring officer or make any other order as the court thinks fit.
Shareholders’ Suits. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and as a general rule a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, the Cayman Islands courts can be expected to follow and apply the common law principles (namely the rule in Foss v. Harbottle and the exceptions thereto) so that a non-controlling shareholder may be permitted to commence a class action against or derivative actions in the name of the company to challenge actions where:
| ● | a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires; |
| ● | the act complained of, although not ultra vires, could only be effected duly if authorized by more than the number of votes which have actually been obtained; and |
| ● | those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.” |
A shareholder may have a direct right of action against us where the individual rights of that shareholder have been infringed or are about to be infringed. Our post-offering articles of association contain a provision by virtue of which our shareholders waive any claim or right of action that they have, both individually and on our behalf, against any director in relation to any action or failure to take action by such director in the performance of his or her duties with or for our company, except in respect of any fraud, willful default or dishonesty of such director.
28
Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability. Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our post-offering memorandum and articles of association provide that that we shall indemnify our directors and officers, and their personal representatives, against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such persons, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, wilful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of our company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation.
In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Directors’ Fiduciary Duties. Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director acts in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, the director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company — a duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a personal profit based on his position as director (unless the company permits him to do so), a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his personal interest or his duty to a third party and a duty to exercise powers for the purpose for which such powers were intended. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. Cayman Islands law permits us to eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent and our post-offering amended and restated articles of association provide that any action required or permitted to be taken at any general meetings may be taken upon the vote of shareholders at a general meeting duly noticed and convened in accordance with our second amended and restated articles of association and may not be taken by written consent of the shareholders without a meeting.
Shareholder Proposals. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.
29
The Companies Act does not provide shareholders with any right to requisition a general meeting or to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our second amended and restated articles of association allow our shareholders holding shares which carry in aggregate not less than one-third of all votes attaching to the issued and outstanding shares of our company entitled to vote at general meetings to requisition an extraordinary general meeting of our shareholders, in which case our board is obliged to convene an extraordinary general meeting and to put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. Other than this right to requisition a shareholders’ meeting, our post-offering amended and restated articles of association do not provide our shareholders with any other right to put proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, we are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings.
Cumulative Voting. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. There are no prohibitions in relation to cumulative voting under the laws of the Cayman Islands but our second amended and restated articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Removal of Directors. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our second amended and restated articles of association, subject to certain restrictions as contained therein, directors may be removed with or without cause, by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. An appointment of a director may be on terms that the director shall automatically retire from office (unless he has sooner vacated office) at the next or a subsequent annual general meeting or upon any specified event or after any specified period in a written agreement between the company and the director, if any; but no such term shall be implied in the absence of express provision. Under our second amended and restated articles of association, a director’s office shall be vacated if the director (i) becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors; (ii) is found to be or becomes of unsound mind or dies; (iii) resigns his office by notice in writing to the company; (iv) without special leave of absence from our board of directors, is absent from three consecutive meetings of the board and the board resolves that his office be vacated; (v) is prohibited by law from being a director or; (vi) is removed from office pursuant to the laws of the Cayman Islands or any other provisions of our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Transactions with Interested Shareholders. The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting share within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.
Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.
Dissolution; Winding up. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board.
30
Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.
Variation of Rights of Shares. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our second amended and restated articles of association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, the rights attached to any such class may only be varied with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of two-thirds of the votes cast at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
Amendment of Governing Documents. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law, our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may only be amended with a special resolution of our shareholders.
Rights of Non-resident or Foreign Shareholders. There are no limitations imposed by our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.
Anti-money Laundering — Cayman Islands
In order to comply with legislation or regulations aimed at the prevention of money laundering, we may be required to adopt and maintain anti-money laundering procedures and may require subscribers to provide evidence to verify their identity. Where permitted, and subject to certain conditions, we may also delegate the maintenance of our anti-money laundering procedures (including the acquisition of due diligence information) to a suitable person.
We reserve the right to request such information as is necessary to verify the identity of a subscriber. In the event of delay or failure on the part of the subscriber in producing any information required for verification purposes, we may refuse to accept the application, in which case any funds received will be returned without interest to the account from which they were originally debited.
We also reserve the right to refuse to make any redemption payment to a shareholder if our directors or officers suspect or are advised that the payment of redemption proceeds to such shareholder might result in a breach of applicable anti-money laundering or other laws or regulations by any person in any relevant jurisdiction, or if such refusal is considered necessary or appropriate to ensure our compliance with any such laws or regulations in any applicable jurisdiction.
If any person resident in the Cayman Islands knows or suspects or has reason for knowing or suspecting that another person is engaged in criminal conduct or is involved with terrorism or terrorist property and the information for that knowledge or suspicion came to their attention in the course of their business in the regulated sector, or other trade, profession, business or employment, the person will be required to report such knowledge or suspicion to (i) a nominated officer (appointed in accordance with the Proceeds of Crime Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the Proceeds of Crime Act (Revised), if the disclosure relates to criminal conduct or money laundering or (ii) to a police constable or a nominated officer (pursuant to the Terrorism Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority, pursuant to the Terrorism Act (Revised), if the disclosure relates to involvement with terrorism or terrorist financing and terrorist property. Such a report shall not be treated as a breach of confidence or of any restriction upon the disclosure of information imposed by any enactment or otherwise.
Data Protection in the Cayman Islands — Privacy Notice
This privacy notice explains the manner in which we collect, process, and maintain personal data about investors of the Company pursuant to the Data Protection Act (2021 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, as amended from time to time and any regulations, codes of practice, or orders promulgated pursuant thereto (the “DPL”).
31
We are committed to processing personal data in accordance with the DPL. In our use of personal data, we will be characterized under the DPL as a “data controller,” whilst certain of our service providers, affiliates, and delegates may act as “data processors” under the DPL. These service providers may process personal information for their own lawful purposes in connection with services provided to us.
By virtue of your investment in the Company, we and certain of our service providers may collect, record, store, transfer, and otherwise process personal data by which individuals may be directly or indirectly identified.
Your personal data will be processed fairly and for lawful purposes, including (a) where the processing is necessary for us to perform a contract to which you are a party or for taking pre-contractual steps at your request, (b) where the processing is necessary for compliance with any legal, tax, or regulatory obligation to which we are subject, or (c) where the processing is for the purposes of legitimate interests pursued by us or by a service provider to whom the data are disclosed. As a data controller, we will only use your personal data for the purposes for which we collected it. If we need to use your personal data for an unrelated purpose, we will contact you.
We anticipate that we will share your personal data with our service providers for the purposes set out in this privacy notice. We may also share relevant personal data where it is lawful to do so and necessary to comply with our contractual obligations or your instructions or where it is necessary or desirable to do so in connection with any regulatory reporting obligations. In exceptional circumstances, we will share your personal data with regulatory, prosecuting, and other governmental agencies or departments, and parties to litigation (whether pending or threatened), in any country or territory including to any other person where we have a public or legal duty to do so (e.g. to assist with detecting and preventing fraud, tax evasion, and financial crime or compliance with a court order).
Your personal data shall not be held by the Company for longer than necessary with regard to the purposes of the data processing.
We will not sell your personal data. Any transfer of personal data outside of the Cayman Islands shall be in accordance with the requirements of the DPL. Where necessary, we will ensure that separate and appropriate legal agreements are put in place with the recipient of that data.
We will only transfer personal data in accordance with the requirements of the DPL, and will apply appropriate technical and organizational information security measures designed to protect against unauthorized or unlawful processing of the personal data and against the accidental loss, destruction, or damage to the personal data.
If you are a natural person, this will affect you directly. If you are a corporate investor (including, for these purposes, legal arrangements such as trusts or exempted limited partnerships) that provides us with personal data on individuals connected to you for any reason in relation to your investment into the Company, this will be relevant for those individuals and you should inform such individuals of the content.
You have certain rights under the DPL, including (a) the right to be informed as to how we collect and use your personal data (and this privacy notice fulfils our obligation in this respect), (b) the right to obtain a copy of your personal data, (c) the right to require us to stop direct marketing, (d) the right to have inaccurate or incomplete personal data corrected, (e) the right to withdraw your consent and require us to stop processing or restrict the processing, or not begin the processing of your personal data, (f) the right to be notified of a data breach (unless the breach is unlikely to be prejudicial), (g) the right to obtain information as to any countries or territories outside the Cayman Islands to which we, whether directly or indirectly, transfer, intend to transfer, or wish to transfer your personal data, general measures we take to ensure the security of personal data, and any information available to us as to the source of your personal data, (h) the right to complain to the Office of the Ombudsman of the Cayman Islands, and (i) the right to require us to delete your personal data in some limited circumstances.
If you consider that your personal data has not been handled correctly, or you are not satisfied with our responses to any requests you have made regarding the use of your personal data, you have the right to complain to the Cayman Islands’ Ombudsman. The Ombudsman can be contacted by calling +1 (345) 946-6283 or by email at info@ombudsman.ky.
32
Pre-Funded Warrants
The term “Pre-Funded” refers to the fact that the purchase price of the warrants in this offering includes almost the entire exercise price that will be paid under the Pre-Funded Warrants, except for a nominal remaining exercise price of $0.001. The purpose of the Pre-Funded Warrants is to enable investors that may have restrictions on their ability to beneficially own more than 4.99% (or, upon election of the holder, 9.99%) of our issued and outstanding Class A Shares following the consummation of this offering the opportunity to make an investment in the Company without triggering their ownership restrictions, by receiving Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu of our Class A Shares which would result in such ownership of more than 4.99% (or 9.99%), and receive the ability to exercise their option to purchase the shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants at such nominal price at a later date.
Exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants
Each Pre-Funded Warrant is exercisable for one Class A Share, with an exercise price equal to $0.001 per share, at any time that the Pre-Funded Warrant is outstanding. The Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercisable immediately after issuance and will expire five (5) years from the date of issuance. The holder of a Pre-Funded Warrant will not be deemed a holder of our underlying Class A Shares until the Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised.
Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of Pre-Funded Warrants will not have the right to exercise any portion of its Pre-Funded Warrants if the holder (together with such holder’s affiliates, and any persons acting as a group together with such holder or any of such holder’s affiliates) would beneficially own a number of Class A Shares in excess of 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser prior to the date of issuance, 9.99%) of our Class A Shares then issued and outstanding after giving effect to such exercise.
The exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of recapitalization events, stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Class A Shares. The Pre-Funded Warrant holders must pay the exercise price in cash upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, unless such Pre-Funded Warrant holders are utilizing the cashless exercise provision of the Pre-Funded Warrants.
Upon the holder’s exercise of a Pre-Funded Warrant, we will issue Class A Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrant within two trading days following our receipt of a notice of exercise, provided that payment of the exercise price has been made (unless exercised to the extent permitted via the “cashless” exercise provision). Prior to the exercise of any Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase Class A Shares, holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the Class A Shares purchasable upon exercise, including the right to vote, except as set forth therein.
Pre-Funded Warrants may be exercised only if the issuance of the Class A Shares is covered by an effective registration statement, or an exemption from registration is available under the Securities Act and the securities laws of the state in which the holder resides. We intend to use commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, effective when the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised. The Pre-Funded Warrant holders must pay the exercise price in cash upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants unless there is not an effective registration statement or, if required, there is not an effective state law registration or exemption covering the issuance of the shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants (in which case, the Pre-Funded Warrants may only be exercised via a “cashless” exercise provision).
Exchange Listing
We do not intend to list the Pre-Funded Warrants on any securities exchange or other trading system.
Right as a Shareholder
Except as otherwise provided in the Pre-Funded Warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our Class A Shares, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our Class A Shares, including any voting rights, until they exercise their Pre-Funded Warrants.
33
MATERIAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATION
Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following is a discussion of certain material United States federal income tax considerations relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of our Class A Shares by a U.S. Holder, as defined below, that acquires our Class A Shares in this offering and holds our Class A Shares as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment) under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). This discussion is based on existing United States federal income tax law, which is subject to differing interpretations or change, possibly with retroactive effect. No ruling has been sought from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) with respect to any United States federal income tax consequences described below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position. This discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, including investors subject to special tax rules (such as, for example, certain financial institutions, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect mark-to-market treatment, partnerships (or other entities treated as partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes) and their partners, tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations)), investors who are not U.S. Holders, investors that own (directly, indirectly, or constructively) 5% or more of our voting shares, investors that hold their Class A Shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, constructive sale or other integrated transaction), or investors that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ significantly from those summarized below. In addition, this discussion does not address any tax laws other than the United States federal income tax laws, including any state, local, alternative minimum tax or non-United States tax considerations, or the Medicare tax on unearned income. Each potential investor is urged to consult its tax advisor regarding the United States federal, state, local and non-United States income and other tax considerations of an investment in our Class A Shares.
U.S. Federal Income Taxation
The following does not address the tax consequences to any particular investor or to persons in special tax situations such as:
| ● | banks; |
| ● | financial institutions; |
| ● | insurance companies; |
| ● | regulated investment companies; |
| ● | real estate investment trusts; |
| ● | broker-dealers; |
| ● | persons that elect to mark their securities to market; |
| ● | U.S. expatriates or former long-term residents of the U.S.; |
| ● | governments or agencies or instrumentalities thereof; |
| ● | tax-exempt entities; |
| ● | persons liable for alternative minimum tax; |
| ● | persons holding our Class A Shares as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or integrated transaction; |
| ● | persons that actually or constructively own 10% or more of our voting power or value (including by reason of owning our Class A Shares); |
| ● | persons who acquired our Class A Shares pursuant to the exercise of any employee share option or otherwise as compensation; |
34
| ● | persons holding our Class A Shares through partnerships or other pass-through entities; |
| ● | beneficiaries of a Trust holding our Class A Shares; or |
| ● | persons holding our Class A Shares through a Trust. |
Thus, the discussion set forth below is addressed only to U.S. Holders that purchase Class A Shares in this offering. Prospective purchasers are urged to consult their own tax advisors about the application of the U.S. federal income tax rules to their particular circumstances as well as the state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A Shares.
General
For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our Class A Shares that is, for United States federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) created in, or organized under the laws of, the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is includible in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (A) the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has otherwise elected to be treated as a United States person under the Code.
The brief description below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply to you if you are a beneficial owner of Class A Shares and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
| ● | an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.; |
| ● | a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the U.S., any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| ● | an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| ● | a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
If a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of our Class A Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships and partners of a partnership holding our Class A Shares are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding an investment in our Class A Shares.
An individual is considered a resident of the U.S. for federal income tax purposes if he or she meets either the “Green Card Test” or the “Substantial Presence Test” described as follows:
The Green Card Test: You are a lawful permanent resident of the United States, at any time, if you have been given the privilege, according to the immigration laws of the United States, of residing permanently in the United States as an immigrant. You generally have this status if the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services issued you an alien registration card, Form I-551, also known as a “green card.”
35
The Substantial Presence Test: If an alien is present in the United States on at least 31 days of the current calendar year, he or she will (absent an applicable exception) be classified as a resident alien if the sum of the following equals 183 days or more (See §7701(b)(3)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code and related Treasury Regulations):
| 1. | The actual days in the United States in the current year; plus |
| 2. | One-third of his or her days in the United States in the immediately preceding year; plus |
| 3. | One-sixth of his or her days in the United States in the second preceding year. |
The discussion set forth below is addressed only to U.S. Holders that purchase Class A Shares in this offering. Prospective purchasers are urged to consult their own tax advisors about the application of U.S. federal income tax law to their particular circumstances as well as the state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A Shares.
Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on our Class A Shares
Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, distributions of cash or other property made by us to you with respect to the Class A Shares (including the amount of any taxes withheld therefrom) will generally be includable in your gross income as dividend income on the date of receipt by you, but only to the extent that the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). With respect to corporate U.S. Holders, the dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.
With respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders, dividends will be taxed at the lower capital gains rate applicable to qualified dividend income, provided that (1) the Class A Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or we are eligible for the benefits of an approved qualifying income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program, (2) we are not a passive foreign investment company (as discussed below) for either our taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for dividends paid with respect to our Class A Shares, including the effects of any change in law after the date of this prospectus.
To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), it will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your Class A Shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.
Taxation of Dispositions of Class A Shares
Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of a share equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the Class A Shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an individual U.S. Holder, who has held the Class A Shares for more than one year, you may be eligible for reduced tax rates on any such capital gains. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either:
| ● | at least 75% of its gross income for such taxable year is passive income; or |
| ● | at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (the “asset test”). |
36
Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents and royalties (other than rents or royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business) and gains from the disposition of passive assets. We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock. In determining the value and composition of our assets for purposes of the PFIC asset test, (1) the cash we raise in this offering will generally be considered to be held for the production of passive income and (2) the value of our assets must be determined based on the market value of our Class A Shares from time to time, which could cause the value of our non-passive assets to be less than 50% of the value of all of our assets (including the cash raised in this offering) on any particular quarterly testing date for purposes of the asset test.
Based on our operations and the composition of our assets we do not expect to be treated as a PFIC under the current PFIC rules. We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. Depending on the amount of cash we raise in this offering, together with any other assets held for the production of passive income, it is possible that, for our current taxable year or for any subsequent taxable year, more than 50% of our assets may be assets held for the production of passive income. We will make this determination following the end of any particular tax year. Although the law in this regard is unclear, we treat our consolidated affiliated entities as being owned by us for United States federal income tax purposes, not only because we exercise effective control over the operation of such entities but also because we are entitled to substantially all of their economic benefits, and, as a result, we consolidate their operating results in our combined and consolidated financial statements. In particular, because the value of our assets for purposes of the asset test will generally be determined based on the market price of our Class A Shares and because cash is generally considered to be an asset held for the production of passive income, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of our Class A Shares and the amount of cash we raise in this offering. Accordingly, fluctuations in the market price of the Class A Shares may cause us to become a PFIC. In addition, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects and the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. We are under no obligation to take steps to reduce the risk of our being classified as a PFIC, and as stated above, the determination of the value of our assets will depend upon material facts (including the market price of our Class A Shares from time to time and the amount of cash we raise in this offering) that may not be within our control. If we are a PFIC for any year during which you hold Class A Shares, we will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold Class A Shares. However, if we cease to be a PFIC and you did not previously make a timely “mark-to-market” election as described below, you may avoid some of the adverse effects of the PFIC regime by making a “purging election” (as described below) with respect to the Class A Shares.
If we are a PFIC for your taxable year(s) during which you hold Class A Shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” that you receive and any gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the Class A Shares, unless you make a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the Class A Shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:
| ● | the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the Class A Shares; |
| ● | the amount allocated to your current taxable year, and any amount allocated to any of your taxable year(s) prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income; and |
| ● | the amount allocated to each of your other taxable year(s) will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year. |
The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or “excess distribution” cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of the Class A Shares cannot be treated as capital, even if you hold the Class A Shares as capital assets.
37
A U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election for such stock to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. If you make a mark-to-market election for the first taxable year during which you hold (or are deemed to hold) Class A Shares and for which we are determined to be a PFIC, you will include in your income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Class A Shares as of the close of such taxable year over your adjusted basis in such Class A Shares, which excess will be treated as ordinary income and not capital gain. You are allowed an ordinary loss for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the Class A Shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, such ordinary loss is allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the Class A Shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the Class A Shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment also applies to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the Class A Shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such Class A Shares. Your basis in the Class A Shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a valid mark-to-market election, the tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not PFICs would apply to distributions by us, except that the lower applicable capital gains rate for qualified dividend income discussed above under “— Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on our Class A Shares” generally would not apply.
The mark-to-market election is available only for “marketable stock”, which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter (“regularly traded”) on a qualified exchange or other market (as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations). If the Class A Shares are regularly traded on a qualified stock exchange or other market, and if you are a holder of Class A Shares, the mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.
Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC may make a “qualified electing fund” election with respect to such PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. A U.S. Holder who makes a valid qualified electing fund election with respect to a PFIC will generally include in gross income for a taxable year such holder’s pro rata share of the corporation’s earnings and profits for the taxable year. However, the qualified electing fund election is available only if such PFIC provides such U.S. Holder with certain information regarding its earnings and profits as required under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We do not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election. If you hold Class A Shares in any taxable year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required to file IRS Form 8621 in each such year and provide certain annual information regarding such Class A Shares, including regarding distributions received on the Class A Shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the Class A Shares.
If you do not make a timely “mark-to-market” election (as described above), and if we were a PFIC at any time during the period you hold our Class A Shares, then such Class A Shares will continue to be treated as stock of a PFIC with respect to you even if we cease to be a PFIC in a future year, unless you make a “purging election” for the year we cease to be a PFIC. A “purging election” creates a deemed sale of such Class A Shares at their fair market value on the last day of the last year in which we are treated as a PFIC. The gain recognized by the purging election will be subject to the special tax and interest charge rules treating the gain as an excess distribution, as described above. As a result of the purging election, you will have a new basis (equal to the fair market value of the Class A Shares on the last day of the last year in which we are treated as a PFIC) and holding period (which new holding period will begin the day after such last day) in your Class A Shares for tax purposes.
IRC Section 1014(a) provides for a step-up in basis to the fair market value for our Class A Shares when inherited from a decedent that was previously a holder of our Class A Shares. However, if we are determined to be a PFIC and a decedent that was a U.S. Holder did not make either a timely qualified electing fund election for our first taxable year as a PFIC in which the U.S. Holder held (or was deemed to hold) our Class A Shares, or a mark-to-market election and ownership of those Class A Shares are inherited, a special provision in IRC Section 1291(e) provides that the new U.S. Holder’s basis should be reduced by an amount equal to the Section 1014 basis minus the decedent’s adjusted basis just before death. As such if we are determined to be a PFIC at any time prior to a decedent’s passing, the PFIC rules will cause any new U.S. Holder that inherits our Class A Shares from a U.S. Holder to not get a step-up in basis under Section 1014 and instead will receive a carryover basis in those Class A Shares.
You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in our Class A Shares and the elections discussed above.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividend payments with respect to our Class A Shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our Class A Shares may be subject to information reporting to the IRS and possible U.S. backup withholding. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification on IRS Form W-9 or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on IRS Form W-9. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.
38
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.
We do not intend to withhold taxes for individual shareholders. However, transactions effected through certain brokers or other intermediaries may be subject to withholding taxes (including backup withholding), and such brokers or intermediaries may be required by law to withhold such taxes.
Under the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act of 2010, certain U.S. Holders are required to report information relating to our Class A Shares, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for Class A Shares held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions), by attaching a complete Internal Revenue Service Form 8938, Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets, with their tax return for each year in which they hold Class A Shares. Failure to report such information could result in substantial penalties. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding your obligation to file a Form 8938.
Cayman Islands Taxation
The following is a discussion on certain Cayman Islands income tax consequences of an investment in our Class A Shares. The discussion is a general summary of the present law, which is subject to prospective and retroactive changes. It is not intended as tax advice, it does not consider any investor’s particular circumstances, and it does not consider tax consequences other than those arising under Cayman Islands law.
The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or, after execution, brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is a party to a double tax treaty entered into with the United Kingdom but otherwise is not party to any double tax treaties. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.
Our Company has received an undertaking pursuant to the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of 20 years from the date of the undertaking, no law that is thereafter enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations shall apply to our Company or its operations; and that no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable (a) on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of our Company; or (b) by way of the withholding in whole or in part of any relevant payment as defined in the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands. The undertaking for our Company is for a period of 20 years from 5 September 2022.
Payments of dividends and capital in respect of our Class A Shares will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands and no withholding will be required on the payment of a dividend or capital to any holder of our Class A Shares, nor will gains derived from the disposal of our Class A Shares be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax.
No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands on the issue of shares by, or any transfer of shares of, Cayman Islands exempted companies (except those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands).
Singapore Taxation
Dividend Distributions
All Singapore-tax resident companies are currently under the one-tier corporate tax system, or one-tier system.
Under the one-tier system, the income tax paid by a tax resident company is a final tax and its distributable profits can be distributed to shareholders as tax exempt (one-tier) dividends. Such dividends are tax exempt in the hands of a shareholder, regardless of the tax residence status, shareholding level or legal form of the shareholder.
39
Accordingly, dividends received in respect of the ordinary shares by either a resident or non-resident of Singapore are not subject to Singapore income tax (whether by withholding or otherwise), on the basis that we are a tax resident of Singapore and under the one-tier system.
Foreign shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers to take into account the tax laws of their respective countries of residence and the existence of any agreement for the avoidance of double taxation which their country of residence may have with Singapore.
Indonesia Tax Considerations
This overview focuses on some of the more common taxes, but this should not be considered an exhaustive list of all potentially relevant tax considerations.
This section is based on Law Number 7 Year 1983 on Income Tax, as amended several times and most recently by Law Number 6 Year 2023 on Stipulation of Government Regulation In Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation in to Law (“Indonesian Income Tax Law”), Law Number 8 Year 1983 on Value-Added Tax and Luxury Goods Sales Tax, as amended several times and most recently by Law Number 6 Year 2023 on Stipulation of Government Regulation In Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation in to Law (“Indonesian VAT Law”) and their implementing regulations, all of which are in effect on the date of this prospectus. These regulations are subject to differing interpretations and may be amended at any time.
Corporate Income Tax
A company is regarded as an Indonesian tax resident if it is established or domiciled in Indonesia. (Article 2 paragraph 3 letter b of Indonesian Income Tax Law).
Generally, a flat corporate income tax rate of 22% applies on taxable business profit. However, a tax cut of 3% from the standard rate, so that the effective tax rate will be 19%, is available for certain qualifying public companies provided that at least 40% of its paid-up shares are traded in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) and the public shareholders of such companies consist of at least 300 parties and each holding less than 5% of the paid-up shares, as well as certain other conditions. Small-scale enterprises with an annual gross turnover up to IDR 50 billion are entitled to 50% tax cut or the effective tax rate will be 11%, which is imposed proportionally to the taxable income on the part of gross turnover up to IDR 4.8 billion. (Article 17 paragraph 1 letter b, Article 17 paragraph 2b and Article 31E of Indonesian Income Tax Law and Article 65 of Government Regulation Number 55 Year 2022 on Adjustment of Regulation in the Field of Income Tax (“GR 55/2022”)).
Value-Added Tax
A general Value-Added Tax (VAT) rate of 11% is applied to deliveries of taxable goods and taxable services within Indonesian customs area, imports of taxable goods, and the utilization of intangible taxable goods and taxable services from outside Indonesian customs area to within Indonesian customs area. The VAT on export of taxable goods and certain taxable services is at rate of 0%. The general VAT rate will be increased to 12%, starting from, by the latest on 1 January 2025. (Article 7 paragraph 1 of Indonesian VAT Law).
Other Taxes
Other taxes such as luxury-goods sales tax, tax on land and/or buildings transfer, duty on the acquisition of land and/or buildings rights, import duties, excise duties, and stamp duties may apply.
POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF OUR CLASS A SHARES ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS TO DETERMINE THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND NON-U.S. INCOME, GIFT, ESTATE OR GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER, AND OTHER TAX AND TAX TREATY CONSIDERATIONS OF PURCHASING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR CLASS A SHARES.
40
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability. We were incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands because of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands company, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions, and the availability of professional and support services. The Cayman Islands, however, has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the U.S. and provides significantly less protection for investors than the U.S. Additionally, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue in the federal courts of the U.S.
Most of our operations are conducted in Singapore and a majority of our consolidated assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, all of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the U.S. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the U.S. upon us or these persons, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in U.S. courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or securities laws of any U.S. state.
Although we are incorporated outside the United States, we have appointed Cogency Global Inc. as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under the U.S. federal securities laws or securities laws of any U.S. state or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York under the securities laws of the State of New York.
Cayman Islands
Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd., our counsel with respect to the laws of the Cayman Islands, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or securities laws of any U.S. state or (ii) entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the U.S. federal securities laws or securities laws of any U.S. state.
We have been advised by Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd. that, although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the federal or state courts of the United States (and the Cayman Islands are not a party to any treaties for the reciprocal enforcement or recognition of such judgments with the United States), the courts of the Cayman Islands may recognize as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the federal or state courts of the United States against the Company under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty) or, in certain circumstances, an in personam judgment for non-monetary relief, and may give a judgment based thereon, provided that (a) such courts had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment; (b) such courts did not contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands; (c) such judgment was not obtained by fraud; (d) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands; (e)no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands; and (f) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands. However, the Cayman Islands courts are unlikely to enforce a judgment obtained from United States courts under civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities law if such judgment is determined by the courts of the Cayman Islands to give rise to obligations to make payments that are penal or punitive in nature. Because such a determination has not yet been made by a court of the Cayman Islands, it is uncertain whether such civil liability judgments from U.S. courts would be enforceable in the Cayman Islands. A Cayman Islands court may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.
Singapore
There is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Singapore would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our Directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Singapore against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States.
41
In making a determination as to enforceability of a judgment of the courts of the United States, the Singapore courts would have regard to whether the judgment was final and conclusive and on the merits of the case, given by a court of law of competent jurisdiction, and was expressed to be for a fixed sum of money. In general, a foreign judgment would be enforceable in Singapore unless procured by fraud, or the proceedings in which such judgments were obtained were not conducted in accordance with principles of natural justice, or the enforcement thereof would be contrary to public policy, or if the judgment would conflict with earlier judgment(s) from Singapore or earlier foreign judgment(s) recognized in Singapore, or if the judgment would amount to the direct or indirect enforcement of foreign penal, revenue or other public laws. Civil liability provisions of the federal and state securities law of the United States permit the award of punitive damages against us, our directors and officers. Singapore courts would not recognize or enforce judgments against us, our directors and officers to the extent that doing so would amount to the direct or indirect enforcement of foreign penal, revenue or other public laws. It is uncertain as to whether a judgment of the courts of the United States under civil liability provisions of the federal securities law of the United States would be regarded by the Singapore courts as being pursuant to foreign, penal, revenue or other public laws. Such a determination has yet to be made by a Singapore court in a reported decision.
In addition, holders of book-entry interests in our shares will be required to exchange such interests for certificated shares and to be registered as shareholders in our shareholder register in order to have standing to bring a shareholder suit and, if successful, to enforce a foreign judgment against us, our directors or our executive officers in the Singapore courts.
A holder of book-entry interests in our shares may become a registered shareholder of our Company by exchanging such holder’s interest in our shares for certificated shares and being registered in our shareholder register. The administrative process of becoming a registered shareholder could result in delays prejudicial to any legal proceeding or enforcement action.
Indonesia
The judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our Directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States are not enforceable in Indonesian Courts.
A foreign court judgment could be offered and accepted into evidence in a proceeding on the underlying claim in an Indonesian court and may be given such evidentiary weight as the Indonesian court may deem appropriate in its sole discretion. A claimant may be required to pursue claims in Indonesian courts on the basis of Indonesian law. A purchaser of the shares may not be able to enforce judgments against the Indonesian subsidiary obtained in the United States based upon certain of the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any states thereof in Indonesian courts, and Indonesian courts may not enter judgments in original actions brought in Indonesian courts based solely upon the civil liability provision of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. Re-examination of the underlying claim would be required before the Indonesian court. We cannot assure you that the claims or remedies available under Indonesian law will be the same, or as extensive as those available in other jurisdictions. We cannot assure you that the claims or remedies available under Indonesian law will be the same, or as extensive as those available in other jurisdictions.
42
We are offering (i) up to $10,000,000 Class A Shares, based on an assumed offering price of $10.00 per Class A share; and (ii) Pre-Funded Warrants exercisable for 1,000,000 Class A Shares, for gross proceeds of up to $10,000,000 before deduction of placement agent commissions and offering expenses, in a reasonable best-efforts offering. We negotiated the price for the Securities offered in this offering with the investors. Pursuant to a placement agency agreement, dated [ ], 2025, we have engaged D. Boral Capital LLC to act as our exclusive placement agent in connection with this offering. The placement agent is not purchasing or selling any of our securities, nor is it required to arrange for the purchase and sale of any specific number or dollar amount of such securities, other than to use their “reasonable best efforts,” to arrange for the sale of such securities by us. Therefore, it is possible that we will not sell the entire amount of securities being offered. The terms of this offering are subject to market conditions and negotiations between us, the placement agent, and prospective investors. We will enter into a securities purchase agreement directly with the investors who purchase our securities in this offering. The placement agency agreement does not give rise to any commitment by the placement agent to purchase any of our securities, and the placement agent will have no authority to bind us by virtue of the placement agency agreement. Further, the placement agent does not guarantee that it will be able to raise new capital in any prospective offering. The placement agent may engage sub-agents or selected dealers to assist with this offering. There is no minimum amount of proceeds that is a condition to closing of this offering. The actual amount of gross proceeds, if any, in this offering could vary substantially from the gross proceeds from the sale of the maximum amount of securities being offered in this prospectus.
We will deliver to the investors the Securities upon closing and receipt of investor funds for the purchase of the Securities offered pursuant to this prospectus. We intend to complete one closing of this offering but may undertake one or more additional closings for the sale of additional securities to the investors in the initial closing. We expect to hold an initial closing on [ ], 2025. Any extensions or material changes to the terms of the offering will be contained in an amendment to this prospectus. We expect the delivery the Securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus against payment in U.S. dollars will be made on or about [ ], 2025, subject to customary closing conditions.
Placement Agent Commissions and Expenses
The following table shows the total placement agent’s commissions we will pay in connection with the sale of the Class A shares in this offering, assuming the purchase of all of the securities we are offering.
| Per Class A Share | Per Pre-Funded Warrant | Approximate Total (assuming all Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised) | ||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | 10.00 | $ | 9.999 | $ | 10,000,000 | ||||||
| Placement agent commissions | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.65 | $ | 650,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds to our Company before expenses | $ | 9.35 | $ | 9.3499 | $ | 9,350,000 | ||||||
We have agreed to pay to the placement agent commissions equal to 6.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in this offering.
We have also agreed to pay or reimburse the placement agent up to $120,000 for its actual and accountable out-of-pocket expenses related to the offering, including any fees and disbursements of the placement agent’s U.S. and local legal counsels, third-party expenses, and travel and communications costs in connection with the offering. We paid an advance of $10,000 upon the execution of the engagement letter with the placement agent. The advance will be reimbursed to the Company to the extent not actually incurred in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(4)(A).
We estimate the total expenses payable by us for this offering to be approximately $0.78 million, which amount includes (i) a placement agent’s commissions of $650,000, assuming the purchase of all of the securities we are offering; and (ii) other estimated expenses of approximately $246,531 which includes legal, accounting, printing costs, and various fees associated with the offering of the Securities.
Listing
The Class A Shares began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “WBUY” on October 19, 2023.
43
Right of First Refusal
The Company has granted D Boral Capital LLC, for a period of one hundred and thirty five (135) days from the closing of this offering, a right of first refusal to act as exclusive financial advisor in connection with any acquisition or other effort by the Company to obtain control, directly or indirectly and whether in one or a series of transactions, of all or a significant portion of the assets or securities of a third party, or the sale or other transfer by the Company, whether in one or a series of transactions, of assets or securities, or any extraordinary corporate transaction, regardless of the form or structure of such transaction, or as sole bookrunning underwriter or sole placement agent, as the case may be, on any financing for the Company. In accordance with FINRA’s Rule 5110(g)(6)(A) this Right of First Refusal shall not have a duration of more than three years from the commencement of sales of this offering. In addition, in accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(5)(B), the Company has a right of “termination for cause,” which shall include D. Boral Capital LLC’s material failure to provide the services contemplated in the placement agency agreement and the Company’s exercise of its right of “termination for cause” will eliminate any obligations of the Company with respect to the Right of First Refusal.
Tail Financing
D. Boral Capital LLC shall be entitled to a cash fee equal to six and one-half percent (6.5%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of any equity, debt and/or equity derivative instruments to any investor actually introduced by D. Boral Capital LLC to the Company during the Term of this Agreement, in connection with any public or private financing or capital raise (each a “Tail Financing”), and such Tail Financing is consummated at any time during the term of the engagement letter between the Company and D Boral Capital LLC dated May 27, 2025 or within the twelve (12) month period following the expiration or termination of the term of such engagement letter (the “Tail Period”), provided that such Tail Financing is by a party actually introduced to the Company in an offering in which the Company has direct knowledge of such party’s participation. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110, the Company has a right of “termination for cause,” which shall include D. Boral Capital LLC’s material failure to provide the services contemplated in the placement agency agreement and the Company’s exercise of its right of “termination for cause” will eliminate any obligations of the Company with respect to any of its obligations under this paragraph.
Regulation
The placement agent may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act and any fees received by it and any profit realized on the sale of the securities by it while acting as principal might be deemed to be underwriting commissions under the Securities Act. The placement agent will be required to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act including, without limitation, Rule 10b-5 and Regulation M under the Exchange Act. These rules and regulations may limit the timing of purchases and sales of the securities by the placement agent. Under these rules and regulations, the placement agent may not (i) engage in any stabilization activity in connection with our securities; and (ii) bid for or purchase any of our securities or attempt to induce any person to purchase any of our securities, other than as permitted under the Exchange Act, until they have completed their participation in the distribution.
Lock-Up Agreements
The Company and the placement agent will enter into a placement agency agreement pursuant to which D. Boral Capital LCC will act as the exclusive placement agent in connection with this offering. The placement agency agreement provides that, subject to certain limited exceptions, we will not, without the placement agent’s prior written consent, engage in any securities offering for a period of 90 days from the consummation of this offering. The placement agency agreement also prohibits the Company’s directors, executive officers and 10% or more shareholders from selling any securities until 90 days after the closing of this offering.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the placement agent against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we will contribute to payments that the placement agent may be required to make for these liabilities.
Electronic Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on a website maintained by the placement agent. In connection with the offering, the placement agent or selected dealers may distribute prospectuses electronically. No forms of electronic prospectus other than prospectuses that are printable as Adobe® PDF will be used in connection with this offering.
Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on the placement agent’s website and any information contained in any other website maintained by the placement agent is not part of the prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the placement agent in its capacity as placement agent and should not be relied upon by investors.
Selling Restrictions
No action may be taken in any jurisdiction other than the United States that would permit a public offering of our securities or the possession, circulation, or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, our securities may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither the prospectus nor any other offering material or advertisements in connection with our securities may be distributed or published in or from any country or jurisdiction except under circumstances that will result in compliance with any applicable laws, rules, and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
44
EXPENSES RELATING TO THIS OFFERING
Set forth below is an itemization of the total expenses, excluding placement agent fees that we expect to incur in connection with this offering. With the exception of the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee, all amounts are estimates.
| Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee | $ | 1,531 | ||
| FINRA Filing Fee | $ | 2,000 | ||
| Legal Fees and Expenses | $ | 101,000 | ||
| Accounting Fees and Expenses | $ | 2,000 | ||
| Placement Agent Expenses | $ | 120,000 | ||
| Miscellaneous Expenses | 20,000 | |||
| Total Expenses | $ | 246,531 |
These expenses will be borne by us. Placement agent fees will be borne by us in proportion to the numbers of Class A Shares sold in the offering.
45
We are being represented by Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP with respect to certain legal matters as to United States federal securities and New York State law. D. Boral Capital LLC is being represented by Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC. The legality and validity of the Class A Shares offered under this prospectus under the laws of the Cayman Islands was passed upon by Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd. Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP may rely upon Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd. with respect to matters governed by Cayman Islands law. Legal matters as to Singapore law will be passed upon for us by Triangle Legal LLC. Legal matters as to Indonesia law will be passed upon for us by Bursa Kukum LLC.
The financial statements of WEBUY GLOBAL LTD as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and for the years respectively then ended included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of OneStop Assurance PAC, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. OneStop Assurance PAC has offices at 10 Anson Rd, #06-15 International Plaza, Singapore 079903. Their telephone number is +65 96449531.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
We are allowed to incorporate by reference the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below:
| ● | our latest annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on April 22, 2025; | |
| ● | the description of our ordinary shares contained in exhibit 2.3 to the 2024 Annual Report, filed with the SEC on April 15, 2024, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description, and any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description; and | |
| ● | our current reports on Form 6-K, furnished to the SEC on December 6, 2023, December 7, 2023, December 14, 2023, January 8, 2024, January 29, 2024, February 1, 2024, February 2, 2024, March 11, 2024, May 2, 2024, May 7, 2024, May 22, 2024, June 13, 2024, July 26, 2024, July 30, 2024, September 17, 2024, November 19, 2024, November 20, 2024, December 19, 2024, December 19, 2024, January 6, 2025, January 17, 2025, January 28, 2025, February 13, 2025, February 28, 2025, March 21, 2025, April 14, 2025, April 22, 2025, May 8, 2025, May 23, 2025, June 5, 2025, June 16, 2025 and June 16, 2025. |
The information relating to us contained in this prospectus does not purport to be comprehensive and should be read together with the information contained in the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
As you read the above documents, you may find inconsistencies in information from one document to another. If you find inconsistencies between the documents and this prospectus, you should rely on the statements made in the most recent document. All information appearing in this prospectus is qualified in its entirety by the information and financial statements, including the notes thereto, contained in the documents incorporated by reference herein.
Unless expressly incorporated by reference, nothing in this prospectus shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed with, the SEC. Copies of all documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to those documents unless such exhibits are specially incorporated by reference in this prospectus, will be provided at no cost to each person, including any beneficial owner, who receives a copy of this prospectus on the written or oral request of that person made to:
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
35 Tampines Street 92
Singapore
528880
+65 8859 9762
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus, or such earlier date, that is indicated in this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
46
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1, including relevant exhibits and schedules under the Securities Act, covering the Class A Shares offered by this prospectus. You should refer to our registration statements and their exhibits and schedules if you would like to find out more about us and about the Class A Shares. This prospectus summarizes material provisions of contracts and other documents that we refer you to. Since the prospectus may not contain all the information that you may find important, you should review the full text of these documents.
We are subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders under the federal proxy rules contained in Sections 14(a), (b) and (c) of the Exchange Act, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
You can request copies of these documents upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC. The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is http://www.sec.gov. The information on that website is not a part of this prospectus.
47
1,000,000 Class A ordinary shares and/or
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase Class A ordinary shares
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
D. Boral Capital
, 2025
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 6. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our second amended and restated articles of association provide to the extent permitted by law, we shall indemnify our directors and officers, and their personal representatives, against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such persons, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, willful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of our company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.
To the extent permitted by law, we may make a payment, or agree to make a payment, whether by way of advance, loan or otherwise, for any legal costs incurred by an existing or former secretary or any of our officers in respect of any matter identified in above on condition that the secretary or officer must repay the amount paid by us to the extent that it is ultimately found not liable to indemnify the secretary or that officer for those legal costs.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
ITEM 7. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.
Upon the incorporation of the Company on August 29, 2022, we have an authorized share capital of $100,000. On August 29, 2022, in connection with NRI Share Swap Agreement, the Company acquired 100% of the issued shares of New Retail (being 16,644 shares comprising (a) 8,202 ordinary shares denominated in SGD, (b) 3,440 preference shares denominated in SGD, and (c) 5,002 preference shares denominated in USD) through the Share Swap. Following the Share Swap, New Retail became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and the former shareholders, holders of warrants, convertible notes and SAFE of New Retail held 100% of the issued ordinary shares of the Company. These shares were issued in reliance on the exemption under Regulation S of the Securities Act.
On May 2, 2023, we amended and restated our Memorandum and Articles of Association, increased the authorized share capital of the Company from US$100,000 divided into 100,000,000 shares of a par value of US$0.001 each to US$100,100 divided into 100,100,000 shares of a par value of US$0.001 each and subdivided every issued and unissued share of par value of US$0.001 each to 2,600 shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each (the “Share Subdivision”). We had 18,466 ordinary shares of par value of US$0.001 each issued and outstanding before the Share Subdivision. After the Share Subdivision, the authorized share capital of the Company was US$100,100 divided into 260,000,000,000 shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each and there were 48,011,600 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each issued and outstanding.
II-1
On March 8, 2024, the Company held an EGM and effected and amendment to its amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, under which the authorized share capital, which was US$100,100 divided into 260,000,000,000 ordinary shares, of a par value of US$0.000000385 each, was redesignated into (a) 259,950,000,000 Class A ordinary shares and (b) 50,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, among which the 21,395,400 authorized and issued and outstanding ordinary shares held by BIN XUE, GBUY GLOBAL LTD, and WEBUY TALENT LTD were re-designated and re-classified as 21,395,400 class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.000000385 each.
On December 18, 2024, the Company held an AGM at which the shareholders approved, among others, a share consolidation of the Company’s issued and unissued ordinary shares at a ratio of not less than one (1)-for-ten (10) and not more than one (1)-for-forty (40) (the “Range”), with the exact ratio within the Range and the exact date to be determined by the Board in its sole discretion within 1 year. On January 15, 2025, the Board approved a share consolidation at a ratio of one (1)-for-forty (40), resulting in a change of the Company’s authorised share capital from US$100,100 divided into 260,000,000,000 ordinary shares, of a par value of US$0.000000385 each, divided into (a) 259,950,000,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each and (b) 50,000,000 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.000000385 each to US$100,100 divided into 6,500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each in the share capital of the Company divided into 6,498,750,000 class A Shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each and 1,250,000 class B Shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.0000154 each.
On March 21, 2025, the Company held an EGM and effected (i) a share consolidation of the Company’s issued and unissued ordinary shares at a ratio of one (1)-for-three (3), resulting in a change of the Company’s authorised share capital from US$100,100 divided into 6,500,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each comprising (a) 6,498,750,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each and (b) 1,250,000 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000154 each, to US$100,100 divided into 2,166,666,666.666 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each comprising (a) 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each and (b) 416,666.666 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each; and (ii) immediately following the share consolidation becoming effective, the authorized but unissued share capital of the Company was diminished by US$0.0000308 by the cancellation of the 0.666 authorized but unissued class B Shares with par value of US$0.0000462 each in the capital of the Company (the “Diminution”) such that immediately following the Diminution, the authorized share capital of the Company was US$100,099.9999692 divided into 2,166,666,666 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each comprising (a) 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each and (b) 416,666 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each.
II-2
ITEM 8. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
| (a) | Exhibits |
See Exhibit Index beginning on page II-6 of this registration statement.
| (b) | Financial Statement Schedules |
Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.
ITEM 9. UNDERTAKINGS.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 6, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
| (1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
| (2) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
II-3
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Singapore on June 25, 2025.
| WEBUY GLOBAL LTD | ||
| By: | /s/ Bin Xue | |
| Bin Xue | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Bin Xue as attorney-in-fact with full power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to do any and all acts and all things and to execute any and all instruments which said attorney and agent may deem necessary or desirable to enable the registrant to comply with the Securities Act, and any rules, regulations, and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of the ordinary shares of the registrant, including, without limitation, the power and authority to sign the name of each of the undersigned in the capacities indicated below to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (the “Registration Statement”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to such Shares, to any and all amendments or supplements to such Registration Statement, whether such amendments or supplements are filed before or after the effective date of such Registration Statement, to any related Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and to any and all instruments or documents filed as part of or in connection with such Registration Statement or any and all amendments thereto, whether such amendments are filed before or after the effective date of such Registration Statement; and each of the undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms all that such attorney and agent shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Bin Xue | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: Bin Xue | (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ Ai Lian Phang | Chief Financial Officer | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: Ai Lian Phang | (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) | |||
| /s/ Michelle Ting Ting Tan | Director | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: Michelle Ting Ting Tan | ||||
| /s/ William Tat-Nin Chang | Independent Director | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: William Tat-Nin Chang | ||||
| /s/ Lizhi Qiao | Independent Director | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: Lizhi Qiao | ||||
| /s/ Heng Wee Koon | Independent Director | June 25, 2025 | ||
| Name: Heng Wee Koon |
II-4
SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES
Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 as amended, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of America, has signed this registration statement thereto in New York, NY on June 25, 2025.
| By: | /s/ Colleen A. De Vries | |
| Name: | Colleen A. De Vries | |
| Title: | Senior Vice President |
II-5
EXHIBIT INDEX
| * | Filed herewith. |
II-6
Exhibit 1.1
PLACEMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT
June [*], 2025
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
35 Tampines Street 92
Singapore 5288
Attention: Bin Xue, Chief Executive Officer
Dear Mr. Xue:
This agreement (the “Agreement”) constitutes the agreement between D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent” or “D. Boral”) and WEBUY GLOBAL LTD, a Cayman Islands company (the “Company”), pursuant to which the Placement Agent shall serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company, on a “reasonable best efforts” basis, in connection with the proposed placement (the “Placement”) of registered Class A ordinary shares (the “Shares”) of the Company, par value US$0.0000462 per share (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) and pre-funded warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”). The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, and the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities”). The terms of the Placement and the Securities shall be mutually agreed upon by the Company and the purchasers (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”) and nothing herein constitutes that the Placement Agent would have the power or authority to bind the Company or any Purchaser or an obligation for the Company to issue any Securities or complete the Placement. This Agreement and the documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Purchasers in connection with the Placement, including but not limited to the Purchase Agreement (as defined below), and the form of the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be collectively referred to herein as the “Transaction Documents.” The date of the closing of the Placement shall be referred to herein as the “Closing Date.” The Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent’s obligations hereunder are on a reasonable best efforts basis only and that the execution of this Agreement does not constitute a commitment by the Placement Agent to purchase the Securities and does not ensure the successful placement of the Securities or any portion thereof or the success of the Placement Agent with respect to securing any other financing on behalf of the Company. With the prior written consent of the Company, the Placement Agent may retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Placement. The sale of the Securities to any Purchaser will be evidenced by a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) between the Company and such Purchaser in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Placement Agent. Capitalized terms that are not otherwise defined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the Purchase Agreement. Prior to the signing of any Purchase Agreement, officers of the Company will be available to answer inquiries from prospective Purchasers.
SECTION 1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY; COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.
A. Representations of the Company. Each of the representations and warranties (together with any related disclosure schedules thereto) and covenants made by the Company to the Purchasers in the Purchase Agreement in connection with the Placement is hereby incorporated herein by reference into this Agreement (as though fully restated herein) and is, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, hereby made to, and in favor of, the Placement Agent. In addition to the foregoing, the Company represents and warrants that:
1. The Company has filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), a registration statement, and any amendment or amendments thereto, on Form F-1 (File No. 333-[__]), including any related prospectus or prospectuses for the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which registration statement and amendment or amendments have been prepared by the Company in all material respects in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act (the “Securities Act Regulations”) and will contain all material statements that are required to be stated therein in accordance with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations. Except as the context may otherwise require, such registration statement, as amended, on file with the Commission at the time the registration statement became effective (including the Preliminary Prospectus included in the registration statement, financial statements, schedules, exhibits, and all other documents filed as a part thereof and all information deemed to be a part thereof as of the Effective Date pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Securities Act Regulations (the “Rule 430A Information”)), is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement.” If the Company files any registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act Regulations, then after such filing, the term “Registration Statement” shall include such registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b). The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission on the date hereof.
2. Each prospectus used prior to the Registration Statement being declared effective by the Commission, and each prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information that was used after being declared effective and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement is herein called a “Preliminary Prospectus.” The Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated [*], 2025 that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus.” The final prospectus in the form first furnished to the Placement Agent for use in the Placement is hereinafter called the “Prospectus.” Any reference to the “most recent Preliminary Prospectus” shall be deemed to refer to the latest Preliminary Prospectus included in the Registration Statement. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,” “included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be. Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”) which were filed under the Exchange Act on or before the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend” or “amendment” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Prospectus has been issued, and no proceeding for any such purpose is pending or has been initiated or, to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened by the Commission. For purposes of this Agreement, “free writing prospectus” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and the “Time of Sale Prospectus” means the preliminary prospectus, if any, together with the free writing prospectuses, if any, used in connection with the Placement, including any documents incorporated by reference therein.
3. The Registration Statement (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains all exhibits and schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and did not and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, each as of its respective date, comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, and none of such documents, when they were filed with the Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus), in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental change in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with the Commission. There are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which (x) have not been described or filed as required or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period.
2
4. The Company is eligible to use free writing prospectuses in connection with the Placement pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act or that was prepared by or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. The Company will not, without the prior consent of the Placement Agent, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.
5. There are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company’s officers, directors or, to the knowledge of the Company, any ten percent (10.0%) or greater shareholder of the Company, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the other documents the Company has filed or furnished with the Commission.
B. Covenants of the Company. The Company has delivered, or will as promptly as practicable deliver, to the Placement Agent materially complete conformed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts, as applicable, filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits), the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as the Placement Agent reasonably requests. Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute, prior to the Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities pursuant to the Placement other than the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and any other materials permitted by the Securities Act.
SECTION 2. REPRESENTATIONS OF THE PLACEMENT AGENT. The Placement Agent represents and warrants that it (i) is a member in good standing of FINRA, (ii) is registered as a broker/dealer under the Exchange Act, (iii) is licensed as a broker/dealer under the laws of the states applicable to the offers and sales of the Securities by such Placement Agent, (iv) is and will be a body corporate validly existing under the laws of its place of incorporation, and (v) has full power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Placement Agent will immediately notify the Company in writing of any change in its status as such. The Placement Agent covenants that it will use its reasonable best efforts to conduct the Placement hereunder in compliance with the provisions of this Agreement and the requirements of applicable law.
SECTION 3. COMPENSATION. In consideration of the services to be provided for hereunder, the Company shall pay to the Placement Agent or their respective designees their pro rata portion (based on the Securities placed) of the following compensation with respect to the Securities which they are placing:
A. A cash fee (the “Cash Fee”) equal to an aggregate of six and one-half percent (6.5%) of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the Placement. The Cash Fee shall be paid at the closing of the Placement (the “Closing”).
B. Subject to compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D), the Company also agrees, in the event that the Company consummates the Placement, to pay, or reimburse if paid by the Placement Agent, all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses incident to the Placement and the performance of the obligations of the Placement Agent under this Agreement (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of the Placement Agent’s outside attorneys), provided that, such costs and expenses shall not exceed $120,000 without the Company’s prior written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The Company will pay or reimburse Placement Agent directly upon the Closing of the Placement from the gross proceeds raised in the Placement for all amounts owed under the preceding sentence. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event that the Company does not consummate the Placement at the election of the Placement Agent or the Purchasers, the Company shall have no obligation to reimburse the Placement Agent for any costs and expenses.
3
C. The Placement Agent reserves the right to reduce any item of its compensation or adjust the terms thereof as specified herein in the event that a determination shall be made by FINRA to the effect that such Placement Agent’s aggregate compensation is in excess of FINRA rules or that the terms thereof require adjustment.
SECTION 4. INDEMNIFICATION. The Company agrees to the indemnification and other agreements set forth in the Indemnification Provisions (the “Indemnification”) attached hereto as Exhibit B, the provisions of which are incorporated herein by reference and shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.
SECTION 5. ENGAGEMENT TERM. The Placement Agent’s engagement hereunder shall be until the earlier of (i) the final closing date of the Placement and (ii) the date when either party to this Agreement terminates the engagement according to the terms as set forth in the next sentence (such date, the “Termination Date”). The Agreement may be terminated at any time by either party upon 10 days written notice to the other party. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning confidentiality, indemnification, contribution and the Company’s obligations to pay fees and reimburse expenses contained herein and the Company’s obligations contained in the Indemnification Provisions will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement for twelve (12) months, irrespective of whether a closing occurs. All such fees and reimbursements due shall be paid to the Placement Agent on or before the Termination Date (in the event such fees and reimbursements are earned or owed as of the Termination Date) or upon the closing of the Placement or any applicable portion thereof (in the event such fees and reimbursements are due as of the Termination Date). The Placement Agent agrees not to use any confidential information concerning the Company provided to them by the Company for any purposes other than those contemplated under this Agreement.
SECTION 6. PLACEMENT AGENT INFORMATION. The Company agrees that any information or advice rendered by the Placement Agent in connection with this engagement is for the confidential use of the Company only in their evaluation of the Placement and, except as otherwise required by law, the Company will not disclose or otherwise refer to the advice or information in any manner without the Placement Agent’s prior written consent.
SECTION 7. STANDSTILL. LOCK-UP AGREEMENT.
(a) Standstill. From the date hereof until 90 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company; (ii) file or caused to be filed any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, except the filing of a Form S-8 registration statement covering the employee stock option plan; (iii) complete any offering of debt securities of the Company, other than entering into a line of credit with a traditional bank, or (iv) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of capital stock of the Company, whether any such transaction described in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of capital stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. Additionally, the Company’s directors and officers and any other holder(s) of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the effective date of the Registration Statement (and all holders of securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock) shall enter into customary “lock-up” agreements in favor of D. Boral pursuant to which such persons and entities shall agree, for a period of ninety (90) days after the Closing of Offering, that they shall not offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, subject to customary exceptions.
4
(b) Lock-up Agreement. The Company’s directors and officers shall enter into customary “lock-up” agreements, in a form enclosed hereto as Exhibit A, in favor of the Placement Agent pursuant to which such persons and entities shall agree, for a period of 90 days after the final closing of the Placement, that they shall not offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company, subject to customary exceptions.
SECTION 8. NO FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP. This Agreement does not create, and shall not be construed as creating, rights enforceable by any person or entity not a party hereto, except those entitled hereto by virtue of the Indemnification Provisions hereof. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent is not and shall not be construed as a fiduciary of the Company and shall have no duties or liabilities to the equity holders or the creditors of the Company or any other person by virtue of this Agreement or the retention of such Placement Agent hereunder, all of which are hereby expressly waived.
SECTION 9. CLOSING. The obligations of the Placement Agent, and the closing of the sale of the Securities hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made and on the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company and its subsidiaries contained herein and in the Purchase Agreement, to the accuracy of the statements of the Company and its subsidiaries made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and its subsidiaries of their obligations hereunder, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions, except as otherwise disclosed to and acknowledged and waived by the Placement Agent to the Company:
A. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request for additional information on the part of the Commission (to be included in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Placement Agent. Any filings required to be made by the Company in connection with the Placement shall have been timely filed with the Commission.
B. The Placement Agent shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact which, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Placement Agent, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the reasonable opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
C. All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form, execution, delivery and validity of each of this Agreement, the Securities, the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to counsel for the Placement Agent, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.
D. The Placement Agent shall have received from outside counsels (U.S, Cayman Islands, Singapore and Indonesia) to the Company such counsel’s written opinions, including a negative assurance letter from U.S. counsel, addressed to the Placement Agent and the Purchasers and dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent.
E. On the Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received a certificate from the Chief Financial Officer of the Company as of such date, addressed to each of the Placement Agent and in form and substance satisfactory in all respects to the Placement Agent and Placement Agent’s counsel.
F. On the Closing Date, Placement Agent shall have received a certificate of the Chief Executive Officer or other authorized officer of the Company, dated, as applicable, as of the date of such Closing, to the effect that, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the applicable date, the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein and in the Purchase Agreement were and are accurate in all material respects, except for such changes as are contemplated by this Agreement and except as to representations and warranties that were expressly limited to a state of facts existing at a time prior to the applicable Closing Date, and that, as of the applicable date, the obligations to be performed by the Company hereunder on or prior thereto have been fully performed in all material respects.
5
G. On the Closing Date, Placement Agent shall have received a certificate of the Secretary of the Company, dated as of the date of such Closing, certifying to the organizational documents, good standing in the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company and board resolutions relating to the Placement of the Securities from the Company.
H. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries (i) shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood, terrorist act or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, (ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the business, general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders’ equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, and (iii) since such date there shall not have been any new or renewed inquiries by the Commission, FINRA or any other regulatory body regarding the Company, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii), is, in the judgment of the Placement Agent, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus.
I. The Class A Ordinary Shares are registered under the Exchange Act and, as of the Closing Date, the Shares and the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants shall be listed and admitted and authorized for trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Trading Market”) or other applicable U.S. national exchange, or an application for such listing shall have been submitted to the Trading Market, and satisfactory evidence of such action shall have been provided to the Placement Agent. The Company shall have taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of terminating the registration of the Class A Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending from trading the Class A Ordinary Shares from the Trading Market or other applicable U.S. national exchange, nor, except as disclosed in Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, has the Company received any information suggesting that the Commission or the Trading Market or other U.S. applicable national exchange is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.
J. No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental agency or body which would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company; and no injunction, restraining order or order of any other nature by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall have been issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company.
K. The Company shall have prepared and filed with the Commission a Form 6-K with respect to the Placement, including as an exhibit thereto this Agreement.
L. The Company shall have entered into a Purchase Agreement with each of the Purchasers and such agreements shall be in full force and effect and shall contain representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as agreed between the Company and the Purchasers.
M. FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements of this Agreement. In addition, the Company shall, if requested by the Placement Agent, make or authorize Placement Agent’s counsel to make on the Company’s behalf, any filing with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 with respect to the Placement and pay all filing fees required in connection therewith.
6
N. Prior to the Closing Date, Placement Agent shall have received signed Lock-Up Agreements, addressed to the Placement Agent by each of the Company’s directors and officers.
O. Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Placement Agent such further information, certificates and documents as the Placement Agent may reasonably request.
If any of the conditions specified in this Section 9 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement, or if any of the certificates, opinions, written statements or letters furnished to the Placement Agent or to Placement Agent’s counsel pursuant to this Section 9 shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Placement Agent and to Placement Agent’s counsel, all obligations of the Placement Agent hereunder may be cancelled by the Placement Agent at, or at any time prior to, the consummation of the Closing. Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing or orally. Any such oral notice shall be confirmed promptly thereafter in writing.
SECTION 10. RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL. For a period of one hundred and thirty five (135) from the Closing Date, the Placement Agent will have a right of first refusal to act as exclusive financial advisor in connection with any acquisition or other effort by the Company to obtain control, directly or indirectly and whether in one or a series of transactions, of all or a significant portion of the assets or securities of a third party, or the sale or other transfer by the Company, whether in one or a series of transactions, of assets or securities, or any extraordinary corporate transaction, regardless of the form or structure of such transaction, or as sole bookrunning underwriter or sole placement agent, as the case may be, on any financing for the Company. In the event the Company advises the Placement Agent that it desires to effect any such financing, the Company and the Placement Agent will negotiate in good faith the terms of the Placement Agent’s engagement in a separate agreement, which agreement would set forth, among other matters, compensation for the Placement Agent based upon customary fees for the services provided. The Placement Agent’s participation in any such financing will be subject to the approval of the Placement Agent’s internal committees and other conditions customary for such an undertaking. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fee shall be payable by the Company pursuant to this Section 10 if the Company terminates this Agreement for cause.
SECTION 11. TAIL FINANCING. The Placement Agent shall be entitled to a cash fee equal to six and one-half percent (6.5%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company in any bona fide capital raise from the sale of any equity, debt and/or equity derivative instruments (the “Tail Financing”) to any Person actually introduced by the Placement Agent to the Company during the term of the Engagement Letter between the Placement Agent and the Company dated as of May 27, 2025 (“Engagement Letter”), and such Tail Financing is consummated at any time any time during the term of the Engagement Letter or within the twelve (12) month period following the expiration or termination of the term of the Engagement Letter (the “Tail Period”), provided that such financing is by a Person in an offering in which the Company has direct knowledge of such party’s participation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fee shall be payable by the Company pursuant to this Section 10 if the Company terminates this Agreement for cause. For the avoidance of doubt, no fee shall be payable by the Company to the Placement Agent from the proceeds of any sale or issuance of any equity and equity-linked securities to any Person other than the Person introduced to the Company by the Placement Agent.
7
SECTION 12. GOVERNING LAW; AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS, ETC. This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State, without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any right to trial by jury with respect to any dispute arising under this Agreement or any transaction or conduct in connection herewith is waived. Any dispute arising under this Agreement may be brought into the courts of the State of New York or into the federal court located in New York, New York and, by execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company hereby accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of aforesaid courts. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by delivering a copy thereof via overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. The Company agrees that a final judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company and may be enforced in any other courts to the jurisdiction of which the Company is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of a Transaction Document, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its attorney’s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding. In addition to and without limiting the foregoing, the Company has confirms that it has appointed Richard Miller, as its authorized agent (the “Authorized Agent”) upon whom process may be served in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon the this Agreement or the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated herein which may be instituted in any New York federal or state court, by the Placement Agent, the directors, officers, partners, members, managers, employees and agents of the Placement Agent, and expressly accept the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any such court in respect of any such suit, action or proceeding. The Company hereby represents and warrants that the Authorized Agent has accepted such appointment and has agreed to act as said agent for service of process, and the Company agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as aforesaid. The Company hereby authorizes and directs the Authorized Agent to accept such service. Service of process upon the Authorized Agent shall be deemed, in every respect, effective service of process upon the Company. If the Authorized Agent shall cease to act as agent for service of process, the Company shall appoint, without unreasonable delay, another such agent in the United States, and notify you of such appointment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any action arising out of or based upon this Agreement may be instituted by the Placement Agent, the directors, officers, partners, members, managers, employees and agents of the Placement Agent, in any court of competent jurisdiction in the State of New York. This paragraph shall survive any termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part.
SECTION 13. ENTIRE AGREEMENT/MISCELLANEOUS. This Agreement (including the attached Indemnification Provisions) embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, relating to the subject matter hereof. If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, such determination will not affect such provision in any other respect or any other provision of this Agreement, which will remain in full force and effect. This Agreement may not be amended or otherwise modified or waived except by an instrument in writing signed by both Placement Agent and the Company. The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the closing of the Placement and delivery of the Securities. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or a .pdf format file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or .pdf signature page were an original thereof.
8
SECTION 14. CONFIDENTIALITY. The Placement Agent (i) will keep the Confidential Information (as such term is defined below) confidential and will not (except as required by applicable law or stock exchange requirement, regulation or legal process (“Legal Requirement”), without the Company’s prior written consent, disclose to any person any Confidential Information, and (ii) will not use any Confidential Information other than in connection with the Placement. The Placement Agent further agrees, severally and not jointly, to disclose the Confidential Information only to its Representatives (as such term is defined below) who need to know the Confidential Information for the purpose of the Placement, and who are informed by the Placement Agent of the confidential nature of the Confidential Information. The term “Confidential Information” shall mean, all confidential, proprietary and non-public information (whether written, oral or electronic communications) furnished by the Company to a Placement Agent or its Representatives in connection with such Placement Agent’s evaluation of the Placement. The term “Confidential Information” will not, however, include information which (i) is or becomes publicly available other than as a result of a disclosure by a Placement Agent or its Representatives in violation of this Agreement, (ii) is or becomes available to a Placement Agent or any of its Representatives on a non-confidential basis from a third-party who, to the Placement Agent’s and its Representatives’ knowledge, as applicable, is not bound by obligations of confidentiality to the Company with respect to such information, (iii) is known to a Placement Agent or any of its Representatives prior to disclosure by the Company or any of its Representatives from a source not bound by obligations of confidentiality to the Company with respect to such information, or (iv) is or has been independently developed by a Placement Agent and/or the Representatives without use of any Confidential Information furnished to it by the Company. The term “Representatives” shall mean the Placement Agent’s directors, board committees, officers, employees, financial advisors, attorneys and accountants. This provision shall be in full force until the earlier of (a) the date that the Confidential Information ceases to be confidential and (b) two years from the date hereof. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, in the event that the Placement Agent or any of their respective Representatives are required by Legal Requirement to disclose any of the Confidential Information, such Placement Agent and their respective Representatives will notify the Company in writing, as promptly as practicable, prior to disclosure of such information, and furnish only that portion of the Confidential Information which such Placement Agent or their respective Representative, as applicable, is required to disclose by Legal Requirement as advised by counsel, and will use reasonable efforts to obtain reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded the Confidential Information so disclosed.
SECTION 15. NOTICES. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is sent to the email address specified on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a business day, (b) the next business day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is sent to the email address on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a business day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any business day, (c) the third business day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. internationally recognized air courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages hereto.
SECTION 16. PRESS ANNOUNCEMENTS. The Company agrees that the Placement Agent shall, from and after any public announcement of the Closing, have the right to reference the Placement and the Placement Agent’s role in connection therewith in the Placement Agent’s marketing materials and on its website and to place advertisements in financial and other newspapers and journals, in each case at its own expense.
[The remainder of this page has been intentionally left blank.]
9
Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth our agreement by signing and returning to D. Boral the enclosed copy of this Agreement.
| Very truly yours, | ||
| D. Boral Capital LLC | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
| Address for notice: | |
| 590 Madison Avenue, 39th Floor | |
| New York, NY 10022 | |
| Attention: Philip Wiederlight, Chief Operating Officer | |
| Email: pwiederlight@dboralcapital.com |
Accepted and Agreed to as of
the date first written above:
| WEBUY GLOBAL LTD | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| Address for notice: | |
| 35 Tampines Street 92 Singapore 5288 | |
| Attention: Bin Xue, Chief Executive Officer | |
| Email: vincent@webuy.global |
10
EXHIBIT A
LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
A-1
EXHIBIT B
INDEMNIFICATION PROVISIONS
In connection with the engagement of D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent”) by WEBUY GLOBAL LTD (the “Company”) pursuant to a placement agency agreement dated as of the date hereof, between the Company and the Placement Agent, as it may be amended from time to time in writing (the “Agreement”), the Company hereby agrees as follows:
1. To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify the Placement Agent and its affiliates, directors, officers, employees and controlling persons (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) against all losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities, as the same are incurred (including the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel), relating to or arising out of its activities hereunder or pursuant to the Agreement, except, with regard to the Placement Agent, to the extent that any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) are found in a final judgment (not subject to appeal) by a court of law to have resulted primarily and directly from any indemnitee’s bad faith, willful misconduct, fraud or gross negligence.
2. Promptly after receipt by the Placement Agent of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding with respect to which the Placement Agent is entitled to indemnity hereunder, the Placement Agent will notify the Company in writing of such claim or of the commencement of such action or proceeding, and the Company will assume the defense of such action or proceeding and will employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent and will pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Placement Agent will be entitled to employ counsel separate from counsel for the Company and from any other party in such action if counsel for the Placement Agent reasonably determines that it would be inappropriate under the applicable rules of professional responsibility for the same counsel to represent both the Company and the Placement Agent. In such event, the reasonable fees and disbursements of no more than one such separate counsel will be paid by the Company. The Company will have the exclusive right to settle the claim or proceeding provided that the Company will not settle any such claim, action or proceeding without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, which will not be unreasonably withheld. The Placement Agent and all other indemnitees shall not settle any claim, action or proceeding without the prior written consent of the Company.
3. The Company agrees to notify the Placement Agent promptly of the assertion against it or any other person of any claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding relating to a transaction contemplated by the Agreement.
4. If for any reason the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to the Placement Agent or insufficient to hold the Placement Agent harmless, then the Company shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the Placement Agent, as the case may be, as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand, and the Placement Agent on the other, but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Placement Agent on the other that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any relevant equitable considerations. The amounts paid or payable by a party in respect of losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to above shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees and expenses incurred in defending any litigation, proceeding or other action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions hereof, the Placement Agent’s share of the liability hereunder shall not be in excess of the amount of fees actually received, or to be received, by the Placement Agent under the Agreement (excluding any amounts received as reimbursement of expenses incurred by the Placement Agent).
5. These Indemnification Provisions shall remain in full force and effect whether or not the transaction contemplated by the Agreement is completed and shall survive the termination of the Agreement, and shall be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have to any indemnified party under the Agreement or otherwise.
A-2
Exhibit 5.1
 | CONYERS
DILL & PEARMAN PTE. LTD. 9 Battery Road #20-01 MYP Centre Singapore 049910 T +65 6223 6006 conyers.com |
25 June 2025
Matter No. 884194
WEBUY GLOBAL LTD
35 Tampines Street 92
Singapore 528880
Dear Sir/Madam,
Re: WEBUY GLOBAL LTD (the “Company”)
We have acted as special Cayman Islands legal counsel to the Company in connection with a registration statement on Form F-1 (the “Registration Statement”, which term does not include any other document or agreement whether or not specifically referred to therein or attached as an exhibit or schedule thereto) filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on or about the date hereof, in connection with a public offering (the “Offering”) in the United States of America of (i) up to US$10,000,000 of the class A ordinary shares of par value US$0.0000462 each (the “Class A Ordinary Shares”) of the Company (the “Offer Shares”) and (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to 1,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares exercisable at an assumed exercise price of US$10.00 per share (the “Warrant Shares”) and subject to adjustment based on the offering price of the Offer Shares in the Offering, each as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (both as defined below).
| 1. | DOCUMENTS REVIEWED |
For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined and relied upon copies of the following documents:
| 1.1 | a copy of the Registration Statement relating to the Offering; |
| 1.2 | a draft of the prospectus (the “Prospectus”) contained in the Registration Statement which is in substantially final form; |
| 1.3 | the form of the securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) to be entered into by the Company and the purchasers of the Securities (as defined below), including the form of the Pre-Funded Warrants therein; and |
| 1.4 | the form of the placement agency agreement to be entered into between the Company and D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agency Agreement”, together with the SPA and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the “Transaction Documents”). |
We have also reviewed copies of:
| 1.5 | the minutes (the “Minutes”) of a meeting of the directors of the Company held on [25 June] 2025 (the “Resolutions”); |
| 1.6 | the second amended and restated memorandum of association (the “Memorandum of Association”) and second amended and restated articles of association of the Company adopted on 8 March 2024 (the “M&As”); |
| 1.7 | a Certificate of Good Standing issued by the Registrar of Companies in relation to the Company on 24 June 2025 (the “Certificate Date”); and |
| 1.8 | such other documents and made such enquiries as to questions of law as we have deemed necessary in order to render the opinion set forth below. |
| 2 | ASSUMPTIONS |
We have assumed:
| 2.1 | the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures and the conformity to the originals of all copies (whether or not certified) examined by us and the authenticity and completeness of the originals from which such copies were taken; |
| 2.2 | that where a document has been examined by us in draft form, it will be or has been executed and/or filed in the form of that draft, and where a number of drafts of a document have been examined by us all changes thereto have been marked or otherwise drawn to our attention; |
| 2.3 | the capacity, power and authority of each of the parties to the Transaction Documents, other than the Company, to enter into and perform their respective obligations under the Transaction Documents, and the due execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by each party thereto; |
| 2.4 | the accuracy and completeness of all factual representations made in the Transaction Documents, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and other documents reviewed by us; |
| 2.5 | that the Resolutions were passed at one or more duly convened, constituted and quorate meetings or by unanimous written resolutions, will remain in full force and effect and will not be rescinded or amended; |
| 2.6 | that the Minutes provided to us fairly and accurately presents the information and the matters referred to therein and there is nothing that has been omitted therefrom that would make the Minutes inaccurate or misleading in any respect; |
| 2.7 | that the M&As and the Transaction Documents will not be amended in any manner that would affect the opinions expressed herein; |
| 2.8 | that there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than the Cayman Islands, which would have any implication in relation to the opinions expressed herein; |
| 2.9 | that on the date of entering into each of the Transaction Documents and the date(s) of allotment (where applicable) and issuance of any of the Offer Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrant Shares (together, the “Securities”), the Company is, and after entering into each of the Transaction Documents and any such allotment and issuance of Securities the Company is and will be able to, pay its debts; |
conyers.com | 2
| 2.10 | that the issue of the Securities by the Company is in furtherance of its objects as set out in the Memorandum of Association; |
| 2.11 | that the Company will have sufficient authorized and unissued Class A Ordinary Shares to effect the issue of the Offer Shares and Warrant Shares at the time of issuance; |
| 2.12 | that the form and terms of any and all Securities, the issuance and sale of any Securities by the Company, and the Company’s performance of its obligations thereunder or in respect thereof (including, without limitation, its obligations under any related agreement, indenture or supplement thereto) in accordance with the terms thereof will not violate the M&As nor any applicable law, regulation, order or decree in the Cayman Islands; |
| 2.13 | that no invitation has been or will be made by or on behalf of the Company to the public in the Cayman Islands to subscribe for or purchase any of the Securities; |
| 2.14 | that all necessary corporate action will be taken to authorise and approve any issuance of the Securities, the terms of any offering thereof and related matters, and that the Transaction Documents and any applicable supplements to the Prospectus, and any other purchase, underwriting or similar agreement thereto will be duly approved, executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Company and all other parties thereto; |
| 2.15 | that upon the issue of the Offer Shares and the Warrant Shares, the Company will receive consideration for the full issue price thereof which shall be equal to at least the par value of the Class A Ordinary Shares; |
| 2.16 | that the Securities to be offered and sold, will be, legal, valid, binding and enforceable against all relevant parties in accordance with their terms pursuant to the applicable governing law and jurisdiction (except to the extent that we expressly opine herein on matters of Cayman Islands law); |
| 2.17 | that neither the Company nor any of its shareholders is a sovereign entity of any state and none of them is a subsidiary, direct or indirect, of any sovereign entity or state; |
| 2.18 | the issuance and sale of and payment for the Securities will be in accordance with the Transaction Documents and any other purchase, underwriting or similar agreement duly approved by the board of directors of the Company and/or, where so required, the shareholders of the Company, and the Registration Statement (including the Prospectus, any post-effective amendment thereto and any Prospectus supplement); |
| 2.19 | there is no contractual or other prohibition or restriction (other than as arising under Cayman Islands law) binding on the Company prohibiting or restricting it from entering into and performing its obligations under the Registration Statement and the Transaction Documents; |
| 2.20 | the Company has not taken any action to appoint a restructuring officer; |
| 2.21 | the validity and binding effect under the laws of the United States of America of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and that the Registration Statement will be duly filed with and declared effective by the Commission; and |
| 2.22 | that the Prospectus, when published, will be in substantially the same form as that examined by us for purposes of this opinion. |
conyers.com | 3
| 3 | QUALIFICATIONS |
We have made no investigation of and express no opinion in relation to the laws of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. This opinion is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands and is limited to and is given on the basis of the current law and practice in the Cayman Islands.
| 4 | OPINION |
On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
| 4.1 | The Company is duly incorporated and existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands and, based on the Certificate of Good Standing, is in good standing as at the Certificate Date. Pursuant to the Companies Act (the “Act”), a company is deemed to be in good standing if all fees and penalties under the Act have been paid and the Registrar of Companies has no knowledge that the company is in default under the Act. |
| 4.2 | When issued and paid for as contemplated by the Resolutions, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and registered in the register of members of the Company, the Offer Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (which term when used herein means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue of such shares). |
| 4.3 | When issued and paid for as contemplated in the Resolutions, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and registered in the register of members of the Company, the Warrant Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (which term when used herein means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue thereof). |
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the references to our firm under the captions “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities” and “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
Yours faithfully,
/s/ Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd.
Conyers Dill & Pearman Pte. Ltd.
conyers.com | 4
Exhibit 10.8
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of June [*], 2025 between WEBUY GLOBAL LTD, a Cayman Islands company (the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act (as defined below) as to the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares, the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.
“Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.
“Class A Ordinary Shares” means the Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company, par value $0.0000462 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Class A Ordinary Shares Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Class A Ordinary Shares, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Class A Ordinary Shares.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the first (1st) Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Company Counsel” means Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, with an office located at 366 Madison Avenue, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10017.
“Disclosure Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.
“Disclosure Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) Class A Ordinary Shares or options or other equity awards to employees, officers, consultants, or directors of the Company pursuant to any share or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with share splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(aa).
“Intellectual Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
2
“Lock-Up Agreement” means, collectively, the Lock-Up Agreements, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the directors and officers of the Company, in the form of Exhibit A to the Placement Agency Agreement.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).
“Material Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).
“Per Share Purchase Price” equals $0.1756, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Class A Ordinary Shares that occur after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Placement Agent” means D. Boral Capital LLC.
“Placement Agency Agreement” means the placement agency agreement entered into, by and between the Company and the Placement Agent.
“Pre-Funded Warrants” means, collectively, the Pre-Funded Class A Ordinary Shares purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Pre-Funded Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and shall expire when exercised in full, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened.
“Preliminary Prospectus” means the Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated [*], 2025 that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the applicable time .
“Prospectus” means the final prospectus filed for the Registration Statement, including all information, documents and exhibits filed with or incorporated by reference into such prospectus.
“Pricing Prospectus” means Each prospectus used prior to the Registration Statement being declared effective by the Commission, and each prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information that was used after being declared effective and prior to the execution and delivery of the Placement Agency Agreement.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.
“Registration Statement” means the effective registration statement on Form F-1 filed with the Commission (File No. 333-[*]) pursuant to Rule 462(b) which registers the issuance and sale of the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares to the Purchasers.
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
3
“Rule 424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Securities” means the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Class A Ordinary Shares issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement, but excluding the Warrant Shares.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing Class A Ordinary Shares).
“Subscription Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants, as the case may be, purchased hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, (excluding for the avoidance of doubt, if applicable, a Purchaser’s aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants, which amounts shall be paid as and when such Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash).
“Subsidiary” means any subsidiary as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and listed in Exhibit 8.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the Pink Open Market, OTCQB or the OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Placement Agency Agreement, the Lock-Up Agreements, and all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.
“Transfer Agent” means Transhare Corporation, with a mailing address of 17755 US Hwy 19 N, Clearwater, FL 33764, the current transfer agent of the Company and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional Class A Ordinary Shares either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Class A Ordinary Shares at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Class A Ordinary Shares or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit whereby the Company may issue securities at a future determined price regardless of whether shares pursuant to such agreement have actually been issued and regardless of whether such agreement is subsequently canceled; provided, however, that the entry into and/or issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares in an “at-the-market” facility shall not be deemed a Variable Rate Transaction. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.
“Warrant Shares” means the Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.
4
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of $3.7 million of Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants; provided, however, that, to the extent that a Purchaser determines, in its sole discretion, that such Purchaser (together with such Purchaser’s Affiliates, and any Person acting as a group together with such Purchaser or any of such Purchaser’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, or as such Purchaser may otherwise choose, in lieu of purchasing Shares such Purchaser may elect to purchase Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu of Shares in such manner to result in the same aggregate purchase price being paid by such Purchaser to the Company. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or, at the election of the Purchaser at Closing, 9.99%) of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Securities on the Closing Date. In each case, the election to receive Pre-Funded Warrants is solely at the option of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement with the Placement Agent. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall take place remotely by electronic transfer of the Closing documentation. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement of the Shares shall occur via “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) (i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company shall issue the Shares registered in the Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly to the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent shall promptly electronically deliver such Shares to the applicable Purchaser, and payment therefor shall be made by the Escrow Agent by wire transfer to the Company). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Purchaser through the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement Period”), such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion, of any Shares to be issued hereunder to such Purchaser at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Person shall, automatically hereunder (without any additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed to be a Purchaser under this Agreement unconditionally bound to purchase, and the Company shall be deemed unconditionally bound to sell, such Pre-Settlement Shares to such Person at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such Purchaser prior to the Company’s receipt of the Subscription Amount for such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; provided, further, that the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the foregoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Purchaser as to whether or not such Purchaser will elect to sell any Pre-Settlement Shares during the Pre-Settlement Period. The decision to sell any Shares will be made in the sole discretion of such Purchaser from time to time, including during the Pre-Settlement Period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants) delivered on or prior to 12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing Date, which may be delivered at any time after the time of execution of this Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing Date and the Closing Date shall be the Warrant Share Delivery Date (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants) for purposes hereunder.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date (except as indicated below), the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a legal opinion of Company Counsel (including a negative assurance letter), Cayman Islands Counsel, Singapore Counsel and Indonesian Counsel, substantially in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent and each Purchaser;
5
(iii) a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company issued by Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands as of a date within three (3) days of the Closing Date.
(iv) a certificate, in the form acceptable to the Placement Agent, executed by the Secretary of the Company and dated as of the Closing Date, certifying the authenticity of (i) resolutions of the Company’s board of directors approving the transactions contemplated hereby and the execution of the Transaction Documents, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent, (ii) the currently effective amended and restated memorandum of association and articles of association, each as in effect at the Closing and attached to such certificate.
(v) a certificate, in the form acceptable to the Placement Agent, executed by the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and dated as of the Closing Date;
(vi) subject to the fifth sentence of Section 2.1, the Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions, on Company letterhead and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;
(vii) subject to the fifth sentence of Section 2.1, a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price (minus the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of such Purchaser’s Pre-Funded Warrants, if applicable), registered in the name of such Purchaser to be held in an account established with the Transfer Agent;
(viii) if applicable, for each Purchaser of Pre-Funded Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1, a Pre-Funded Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable to Pre-Funded Warrant divided by the Per Share Purchase Price minus $0.0001, with an exercise price per share equal to $0.0001, subject to adjustment therein;
(ix) on the date hereof, the duly executed Lock-Up Agreements; and
(x) the Prospectus (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and
(ii) such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount (minus, if applicable, a Purchaser’s aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants, which amounts shall be paid as and when such Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash), which shall be made available for DVP settlement with the Company or its designee.
2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless such representation or warranty is as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of such date);
6
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
(iii) the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless such representation or warranty is as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;
(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof;
(v) the Company shall have filed an additional listing application with the principal Trading Market with respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares; and
(vi) from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Class A Ordinary Shares shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:
(a) Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in the Company’s SEC Reports. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
7
(b) Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
(c) Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s shareholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
(d) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(e) Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local, foreign or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus, (iii) the notice and/or application(s) to and approvals by each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities and the listing of the Shares and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).
8
(f) Issuance of the Securities; Registration. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Pre-Funded Warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, which became effective on December 30, 2022 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The Registration Statement is effective under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company, if required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, shall file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b).
(g) Capitalization. As of the date hereof, the Company’s authorized share capital is US$100,099.9999692 divided into 2,166,666,666 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each comprising (a) 2,166,250,000 Class A Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each and (b) 416,666 Class B Shares of a par value of US$0.0000462 each (“Class B ordinary shares”). As of the date of this prospectus, there are currently 1,045,336 Class A ordinary shares and 21,395,400 Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Class A Ordinary Shares Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities and as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any Class A Ordinary Shares or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional Class A Ordinary Shares or Class A Ordinary Shares Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), the issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any shareholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no shareholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s shareholders.
9
(h) SEC Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.
(i) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its shareholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
(j) Litigation. There is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) that could have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. There is no Action that (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.
10
(k) Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l) Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(m) Reserved.
(n) Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.
(o) Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state, foreign or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance, with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, equipment or personal property by the Company or such subsidiary.
11
(p) Intellectual Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as currently conducted or as currently proposed to be conducted as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of facts that would preclude it from having valid license rights or clear title to the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has no knowledge that it lacks or will be unable to obtain any rights or licenses to use all Intellectual Property Rights that are necessary to conduct its business.
(q) Reserved.
(r) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, shareholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.
(s) Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
12
(t) Certain Fees. Except for fees payable by the Company to the Placement Agent, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
(u) Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(v) Registration Rights. No Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(w) Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Class A Ordinary Shares are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Class A Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are or have been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Class A Ordinary Shares are currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.
(x) Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s articles of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.
(y) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus Supplement. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, taken as a whole, is true and correct in all material respects and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
13
(z) No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
(aa) Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(aa) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
(bb) Tax Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.
14
(cc) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.
(dd) Accountants. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is M&K CPAS, PLLC. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act.
(ee) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
(ff) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except for Sections 3.2 (f) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Class A Ordinary Shares, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing shareholders' equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
(gg) Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.
(hh) Reserved.
15
(ii) Stock Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Class A Ordinary Shares on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
(jj) Cybersecurity. (i)(x) To the Company’s knowledge, there has been no material security breach or other material compromise of or relating to any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s information technology and computer systems, networks, hardware, software, data (including the data of its respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment or technology (collectively, “IT Systems and Data”) and (y) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any security breach or other compromise to its IT Systems and Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are presently in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and (iii) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to maintain and protect its material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data.
(kk) Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
(ll) U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
(mm) Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five (25%) percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
(nn) Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
16
3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate as of such date):
(a) Organization; Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
(b) Understandings or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. Such Purchaser is acquiring such Securities as principal for his, her, or its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities pursuant to a registration statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
(c) Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it exercises any Pre-Funded Warrants, it will either be an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7), (a)(8), (a)(9), (a)(12) or (a)(13) under the Securities Act, or a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144(a) of under the Securities Act.
(d) Experience of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
(e) Access to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In connection with the issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.
17
(f) Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material pricing terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
(g) Brokers. Except as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus or Prospectus, no agent, broker, investment banker, person or firm acting in a similar capacity on behalf of or under the authority of the Purchaser is or will be entitled to any broker’s or finder’s fee or any other commission or similar fee, directly or indirectly, for which the Company or any of its Affiliates after the Closing could have any liabilities in connection with this Agreement, any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or on account of any action taken by the Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(h) Independent Advice. Each Purchaser understands that nothing in this Agreement or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser in connection with the purchase of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
ARTICLE IV.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
4.1 Legends. The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and, if all or any portion of a Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the Pre-Funded Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant to any such exercise shall be issued free of all legends. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any subsequent registration statement registering the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available for the sale or resale of the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrant Shares, the Company shall promptly notify the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants in writing that such registration statement is not then effective and thereafter shall promptly notify such holders when the registration statement is effective again and available for the sale or resale of the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the ability of the Company to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Company shall use best efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) registering the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Pre-Funded Warrants.
4.2 Furnishing of Information. Until the earlier of the time that no Purchaser owns Securities, the Company covenants to maintain the registration of the Class A Ordinary Shares under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
18
4.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market in a manner that would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
4.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate and be of no further force or effect. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. The Company and each Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations in which case the Company shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b) and reasonably cooperate with such Purchaser regarding such disclosure.
4.5 Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.
4.6 Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented in writing to the receipt of such information and agreed in writing with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously with the delivery of such notice file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
4.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities as set forth in the Prospectus.
19
4.8 Indemnification of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any shareholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such shareholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct), or (c) in connection with any registration statement of the Company providing for the resale by the Purchasers of the Warrant Shares issued and issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Company will indemnify each Purchaser Party, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) and expenses, as incurred, arising out of or relating to (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Purchaser Party furnished in writing to the Company by such Purchaser Party expressly for use therein, or (ii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder in connection therewith. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and, the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable and documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents as determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
4.9 Reservation of Class A Ordinary Shares. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of Class A Ordinary Shares for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Shares pursuant to this Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.
20
4.10 Listing of Class A Ordinary Shares. The Company hereby agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Class A Ordinary Shares on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Class A Ordinary Shares traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares and Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Class A Ordinary Shares on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Class A Ordinary Shares for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
4.11 Reserved.
4.12 Subsequent Equity Sales.
(a) From the date hereof until 30 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any Class A Ordinary Shares or Class A Ordinary Shares Equivalents or (ii) file any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, in each case other than as contemplated by this Agreement, except for the filing of a Form S-8 registration statement covering the employee stock option plans.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction (beside existing and outstanding transactions) shall be an Exempt Issuance.
4.13 Equal Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.
4.14 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules (other than as disclosed to its legal and other representatives). Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
21
4.15 Exercise Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Pre-Funded Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to exercise the Pre-Funded Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to exercise their Pre-Funded Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to exercise the Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of the Pre-Funded Warrants and shall deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
4.16 Lock-Up Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements (or any substantially similar lock-up agreements signed by transferees of the initial parties to the Lock-Up Agreements) except to extend the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement (or any substantially similar lock-up agreements signed by transferees of the initial parties to the Lock-Up Agreements) in accordance with its terms. If any party to a Lock-Up Agreement (or any substantially similar lock-up agreements signed by transferees of the initial parties to the Lock-Up Agreements) breaches any provision of such agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such agreement.
ARTICLE V.
MISCELLANEOUS
5.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
5.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.
5.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
5.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 6-K.
22
5.5 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers who purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants based on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder (or, prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Purchaser relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior written consent of such adversely affected Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
5.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
5.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”
5.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section 5.8.
5.9 Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
5.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
23
5.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
5.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
5.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an exercise of a Pre-Funded Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any Class A Ordinary Shares subject to any such rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Pre-Funded Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).
5.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
5.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate. Each party agrees that it shall not have a remedy of punitive or consequential damages against the other and hereby waives any right or claim to punitive or consequential damages it may now have or that may arise in the future.
5.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
24
5.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC. Hunter Taubman Fischer & Li LLC does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
5.18 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
5.19 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
5.20 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
5.21 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and Class A Ordinary Shares in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Class A Ordinary Shares that occur after the date of this Agreement.
5.22 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.
[Signature Pages Follow]
25
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| WEBUY GLOBAL LTD |
Address for Notice: 35 Tampines Street 92, Singapore, 528880 |
| By: | E-Mail: vincent@webuy.global | ||
| Name: Bin Xue | |||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer |
With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, with office located at 366 Madison
Avenue, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10017.
Telephone: 212-588-0022
Attention: Jason “Mengyi” Ye
E-Mail: jye@orllp.legal
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
26
[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
Name of Purchaser: ________________________________________________________
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: _________________________________
Name of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________
Title of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________
Email Address of Authorized Signatory: _________________________________________
Address for Notice to Purchaser:
Subscription Amount: $_________________
Shares: _________________
Pre-Funded Warrants: ___________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐ 4.99% or ☐ 9.99%
EIN Number: _______________________
☐ Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to purchase the securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the Company to sell such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be disregarded, (ii) the Closing shall occur on the first (1st) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any condition to Closing contemplated by this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required delivery by the Company or the above-signed of any agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) shall no longer be a condition and shall instead be an unconditional obligation of the Company or the above-signed (as applicable) to deliver such agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) to such other party on the Closing Date.
27
Exhibit A
Form of Pre-Funded Warrant
28
Exhibit 23.1
 | Onestop Assurance PAC 10 Anson Road #06-15 International Plaza Singapore 079903 Email:audit@onestop-audit.com Website:www.onestop-audit.com |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We hereby consent to the incorporation of our report dated April 22, 2025 in the Registration Statement on Form F-1, under the Securities Act of 1933, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Webuy Global Limited and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).
Onestop Assurance PAC
Singapore
June 25, 2025