Xerox Holdings Corp ARS, filed Apr 9, 2025
Xerox Holdings Corp (XRX)
ARS
2025-04-09
For: 2024-12-31
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October 24, 2026
2024 Annual Report
Table of Contents Letter to the Shareholders Board of Directors Officers 2024 Form 10-K Insert FYI
2024 was a pivotal year for Xerox, marked by transformative progress in the execution of our Reinvention strategy. We streamlined the complexities of our company while preserving our focus on developing innovative workplace technologies, emerging as a more agile and resilient organization that is better positioned to sustainably grow revenue and profits. During the year, we implemented widespread structural changes, invested in businesses with higher underlying rates of growth and enabled continuous, technology-driven efficiencies. While the financial benefits of these organizational changes did not materialize as quickly as expected, we ended the year with improved execution, meeting our revised full-year revenue and free cash flow guidance. Notably, Q3 and Q4 demonstrated year-over-year improvements in operating income and margins, underscoring the benefits of a more efficient business model. Importantly, the strategic focus and financial flexibility afforded by recent organizational changes, as well as the expansion of our forward flow program, put us in a position to acquire ITsavvy and announce our intent to acquire Lexmark. These transformative transactions are expected to accelerate the achievement of our medium-term financial goals of revenue stabilization and improved operating income margin. Despite operational challenges faced during the year, we delivered on our strategic priorities: strengthening our core business, structural cost improvements, and balanced capital allocation. S T R E N G T H E N I N G C O R E B U S I N E S S The restructuring of our business, particularly our sales organization, brought closer alignment between our company and the economic buyers of our products and services. We streamlined sales, marketing, and delivery processes to drive client success through our portfolio of workplace solutions. While sales productivity did not increase enough in 2024 to offset reductions in headcount associated with our reorganization, ongoing initiatives led to improvements throughout the year. Continued gains in productivity are expected to drive improved equipment sales in 2025. The acquisition of ITsavvy enhances our IT Solutions business and provides a comprehensive suite of IT infrastructure offerings to better target clients’ broader IT budgets, a market ten times the size of print. S T R U C T U R A L C O S T I M P R O V E M E N T S In 2024, we optimized global routes-to-market and leveraged our partners to improve reach and regional profitability. We also simplified our Production print offering to bring greater focus on providing Production print clients innovative technology solutions that incorporate automation, intelligent assistance and personalization. These geographic and offering simplification actions resulted in a decline in revenue in 2024 but position us to drive long-term reductions in structural overhead costs. We achieved our targeted $200 million of gross cost savings during 2024, helping drive a decline of close to 12 percent in operating expenses. B A L A N C E D C A P I TA L A L L O C AT I O N In 2024, we generated cash from operations of $511 million which was utilized to pay $141 million in dividends, repay debt obligations and acquire ITsavvy. Further, through debt refinancing transactions, we extended the maturity of our unsecured debt through 2030. Our primary capital allocation priority will be the repayment of debt. The anticipated acquisition of Lexmark in the second half of 2025 is expected to immediately reduce pro forma debt leverage and enhance our capacity to further reduce debt levels. We will continue to return cash to common shareholders through an anticipated annual dividend of $0.50 per share. Shareholders,
L O O K I N G A H E A D 2025 marks the third year of our Reinvention and one in which we will execute more than 100 initiatives across our key Reinvention pillars. The most significant market opportunity for Xerox lies in the accelerated transformation of workplaces. As businesses adapt to hybrid work environments, the demand for integrated solutions to enhance productivity, collaboration and security will rise. Our focus this year will be on strengthening our portfolio of IT, Digital and Print services to meet the evolving needs of our partners and clients. As 2024 demonstrated, our Reinvention path has not been linear. Success lies in overcoming adversity to accomplish the objectives set out at the onset of this multi-year strategy. This year, we realize the benefits of and build on the structural changes implemented in the past two years to achieve our priorities for 2025: executing Reinvention, realizing acquisition benefits, and strengthening our balance sheet. 2025 will be another transformative year and we remain grateful for everyone who has supported Xerox throughout this Reinvention. Regards, Scott Letier Chairman of the Board Steven J. Bandrowczak Chief Executive Officer
B O A R D O F D I R E C T O R S O F F I C E R S Steven J. Bandrowczak Chief Executive Officer John G. Bruno President and Chief Operating Officer Flor Colón Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary Mirlanda Gecaj Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Jacques-Edouard Gueden Executive Vice President and Chief Channel and Partner Officer Louie Pastor Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer and Global Head of Operations William Twomey Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer Leanne Cropper Vice President, Global Tax Stuart Kirk Vice President and Treasurer Eric Risi Assistant Secretary Scott Letier Chairman of Xerox Holdings and Chief Investment Officer of Deason Capital Services LLC, the family office for Darwin Deason John G. Bruno President and Chief Operating Officer, Xerox Holdings Corporation John J. Roese President and Chief Technology Officer and Chief AI Officer, Dell Technologies Tami A. Erwin Former Executive Vice President and Group CEO, Verizon Business Group Amy Schwetz Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Flowserve Nichelle Maynard-Elliott Former Executive Director, Mergers and Acquisitions, Praxair, Inc. Priscilla Hung Former President and Chief Operating Officer, Guidewire Software Steven J. Bandrowczak Chief Executive Officer, Xerox Holdings Corporation Edward G. McLaughlin President and Chief Technology Officer, Mastercard
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 _________________________________________________ FORM 10-K _________________________________________________ (Mark One) ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2024 ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from: ______ to: _______ _________________________________________________ XEROX HOLDINGS CORPORATION XEROX CORPORATION (Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its charter) _________________________________________________ New York 001-39013 83-3933743 New York 001-04471 16-0468020 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (Commission File Number) (IRS Employer Identification No.) P.O. Box 4505, 201 Merritt 7 Norwalk, Connecticut 06851-1056 (Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code) 203-849-5216 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Xerox Holdings Corporation Common Stock, $1 par value XRX Nasdaq Global Select Market (Title of each class) (Trading Symbol) (Name of each exchange on which registered) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None ____________________________ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Xerox Holdings Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐ Xerox Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Xerox Holdings Corporation Yes ☐ No ☒ Xerox Corporation Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Xerox Holdings Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐ Xerox Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Xerox Holdings Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐ Xerox Corporation Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non- accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Corporation Large accelerated filer ☒ Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Xerox Holdings Corporation ☐ Xerox Corporation ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Xerox Holdings Corporation ☒ Xerox Corporation ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. Xerox Holdings Corporation ☐ Xerox Corporation ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b). Xerox Holdings Corporation ☐ Xerox Corporation ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Xerox Holdings Corporation Yes ☐ No ☒ Xerox Corporation Yes ☐ No ☒ The aggregate market value of the voting stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2024 was $1,444,585,792. Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: Class Outstanding at January 31, 2025 Xerox Holdings Corporation Common Stock, $1 par value 125,281,396 DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the following document are incorporated herein by reference: Document Part of Form 10-K in Which Incorporated Xerox Holdings Corporation Notice of 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and Proxy Statement (to be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year covered by this report on Form 10-K) III
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This combined Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K), and other written or oral statements made from time to time by management contain “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve certain risks and uncertainties. The words “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “will”, “would”, “could”, “can” “should”, “targeting”, “projecting”, “driving”, “future”, “plan”, “predict”, “may” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Company’s actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors.” The Company assumes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law. Additional risks that may affect Xerox’s operations that are set forth in the “Legal Proceedings” section, the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section and other sections of this Form 10-K, as well as in Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this document or as of the date to which they refer, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events or developments, except as required by law. Throughout this Form 10-K, references to “Xerox Holdings” refer to Xerox Holdings Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries while references to “Xerox” refer to Xerox Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. References herein to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer collectively to both Xerox Holdings and Xerox unless the context suggests otherwise. References to “Xerox Holdings Corporation” refer to the stand-alone parent company and do not include its subsidiaries. References to “Xerox Corporation” refer to the stand-alone company and do not include subsidiaries. Xerox Holdings Corporation's primary direct operating subsidiary is Xerox and therefore Xerox reflects nearly all of Xerox Holdings' operations.
Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Corporation Form 10-K December 31, 2024 Table of Contents Page Part I Item 1. Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Item 1A. Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Item 1C. Cybersecurity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Item 2. Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Item 3. Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Part II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Item 6. [Reserved] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Item 9B. Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Item 9C Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Part III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Item 11. Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Part IV Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Schedule II . Xerox Holdings Corporation Valuation and Qualifying Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Schedule II . Xerox Corporation Valuation and Qualifying Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Index of Exhibits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Item 16. Form 10-K Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Signatures Xerox Holdings Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Signatures Xerox Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Part I Item 1. Business Xerox is a workplace technology company, building and integrating services-led, software-enabled, workplace solutions for enterprises large and small. As customers seek to manage information and document workflows across digital and physical platforms, we deliver a seamless, secure, and sustainable experience. Whether inventing the copier, the Ethernet, the laser printer or more, Xerox has long defined the modern work experience and continues to do so with investments in IT infrastructure, artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR)-driven service experiences, robotic process automation (RPA) and other technologies that enable Xerox to deliver essential products and services to address the productivity challenges of a hybrid workplace and distributed workforce. Xerox serves customers globally in North America, Europe, Latin America, Brazil, Eurasia, the Middle East, Africa, and India. This geographic span allows us to deliver our technology and solutions to customers of all sizes, regardless of complexity or number of customer locations. Recent Changes and Developments Reinvention 2024 was the second year of our Reinvention, which is a multi-year strategy designed to transform the way Xerox operates. Its objectives are to strengthen our core business and improve financial flexibility to enable investments in solutions, initiatives, and capabilities that will position Xerox to deliver long-term, sustainable growth in revenue and profits. In January 2024, we implemented a significant reorganization of our business, including the adoption of a business unit-led operating model, the re-alignment of our sales organization and the establishment of a Global Business Services (GBS) organization to centralize key business processes and enable enterprise-wide efficiencies and productivity gains. These changes brought closer alignment between our sales, marketing and offering teams and the economic buyers of our products and services, improved operating efficiency and positioned the Company to acquire and integrate ITsavvy and Lexmark, two transactions we expect will accelerate our Reinvention by diversifying our mix of revenue and further strengthening our core businesses. The focus of our Reinvention efforts in 2024 was threefold: Geographic Simplification, Operational Simplification, and Commercial Optimization & Growth. We made significant progress across each priority. • Geographic Simplification: – Replaced direct-to-end-customer with partner-led distribution models in Latin America and parts of Europe • Operational Simplification – Implemented business-unit led operating model – Established GBS – Achieved gross savings target of more than $200 million in 2024 – Restructured commercial arrangements with technology and Business Process Outsourcing Partners to create flexibility and mutually aligned incentives to reduce operating costs • Commercial Optimization and Growth: – Stopped manufacturing certain High-End production equipment to focus on Production submarkets with higher growth and return profiles – Deployed A.I.-enabled pricing tools and revamped sales territory coverage – Closed the acquisition of ITsavvy, immediately enhancing Xerox’s IT Solutions offering and expanding Total Addressable Market (TAM) of Xerox's offerings – Announced pending acquisition of Lexmark, providing greater exposure to growing Print markets In 2025, the focus of Reinvention will progress to specific initiatives designed to i) further optimize our commercial operations, ii) leverage the capabilities of our acquired business to accelerate Reinvention, and iii) simplify the business. We will continue to leverage the GBS organization to design and implement continuous operating efficiencies. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 1 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 1
Other Strategic Changes This past year we expanded our forward flow program to Canada by signing an agreement to sell future finance receivable originations in the Canadian market to De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL). We transitioned our direct to end-customer operations in Latin America and parts of Europe to partner-led models and continued to reduce our presence in certain markets with low levels of profitability, such as paper, the manufacturing off certain High-End production equipment, and non-strategic IT hardware sales. We maintain a broad M&A pipeline that includes targets within the print industry and adjacent markets. In 2024, we closed the acquisition of ITsavvy for total purchase consideration of $405 million. We also announced the pending acquisition of Lexmark, for total deal consideration of $1.5 billion. Further information about our acquisitions and divestitures can be found in Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Strategic Priorities Our long-term strategic objective is to grow the share of our client's technology spending through increased penetration of Xerox's solutions among our existing client base, the development of new, content-driven solutions, and expanded distribution with third-party channel partners. We believe Xerox’s globally recognizable brand, our deep understanding of clients’ industries and businesses, and clients' trust have afforded us a path to win in IT and Digital Services – markets where we already have leading solutions and where we are actively investing to develop more. Our strategic priorities for 2025 are: Execute Reinvention, Realize the Benefits of Recent Acquisitions, and Balance Sheet Strength. Execute Reinvention: The focus of Reinvention this year turns to the implementation of initiatives designed to enhance revenue and improve profitability. We expect to complete our geographic simplification program, with an eye towards improving the profitability of operations in countries where distribution models were transitioned from direct to indirect models. We continue to leverage the GBS organization for the design and implementation of continuous operating efficiencies. In 2025, GBS plans to build on foundational actions taken in 2024, including the restructuring of commercial arrangements with some of our largest technology and Business Process Outsourcing partners to drive structural cost improvements and higher service quality through continued technology-enabled productivity enhancements, outsourcing optimization, and process standardization. Other initiatives will focus on strengthening our core business through continued route-to-market and offering optimization, expanded Partner relationships and greater penetration of IT Solutions & Digital Services across Xerox’s Print client base. Realize the Benefits of Recent Acquisitions: 2025 is an important year for realizing the benefits of the ITsavvy acquisition and the planned acquisition of Lexmark. As we integrate ITsavvy, we will aim to leverage an enhanced IT Solutions platform to increase our share of clients’ technology spend and the realization of cost synergies by optimizing our combined IT Solutions business. We continue to work diligently to close the Lexmark acquisition, after which point we will execute a comprehensive integration plan to begin realizing more than $200 million of expected synergies within two years. Balance Sheet Strength: In conjunction with the announced acquisition of Lexmark, the reduction of debt is our primary capital allocation priority. We plan to continue to return cash to shareholders through dividends. In conjunction with this financing, the Xerox Board of Directors approved a change in the dividend policy to reduce the Xerox annual dividend from $1 per share to 50 cents per share starting with the dividend expected to be declared in the first quarter of 2025. Reportable Segments and Geographic Sales Channels Our business is organized to ensure we focus on efficiently managing operations while serving our customers and the markets in which we operate. During 2024, we had two operating and reportable segments – Print and Other and Xerox Financial Services (XFS). • Print and Other – the design, development and sale of document systems, solutions, and services, as well as associated technology offerings, including IT and software products and services. • XFS – a financing solutions business for direct channel customer purchases of Xerox equipment and solutions, and lease financing to end-user customers who purchase Xerox equipment and solutions. We also employ a matrix organization that includes a product and geographic focus based on alignment with the economic buyers of our products and services. Please refer to the Reportable Segments section of Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 4 - Segment and Geographic Area Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 2Xerox 2024 Annual Report 2
Revenues We have a broad and diverse base of customers by both geography and industry, ranging from small and mid-sized clients to printing production companies, governmental entities, educational institutions and Fortune 1000 corporations. Our business does not depend upon a single customer, or a few customers. Our business spans four primary offering areas: Workplace Solutions, Production Solutions, Xerox Services, and XFS. Workplace Solutions is made up of two strategic product groups, Entry and Mid-Range, much of which share common solutions, apps and ConnectKey® software. Workplace Solutions revenues include the sale of products (captured primarily as equipment sales) as well as software, supplies and the associated technical service and financing of those products through XFS (captured as post sale revenue). • Entry is comprised of A4 desktop monochrome and color printers and multifunction printers (MFPs) ranging from small/home office devices to office workgroup devices. We offer our ConnectKey® system of digital workflow and applications across a large portion of these devices. • Mid-Range are A3 devices that have more features and can handle higher print volumes and larger paper sizes than entry devices. We are a leader in this area of the market and offer a wide range of MFPs, digital printing presses and light production devices, as well as solutions that deliver flexibility and advanced features. Production Solutions (High-End) are designed for customers in the graphic communications, in-plant and production print environments with high-volume printing requirements. Our broad portfolio of presses and solutions provides black-and-white and full-color, as well as on-demand printing of a wide range of applications. Our xerographic and ink jet presses provide high-speed, high-volume cut-sheet printing, ideal for publishing, and transactional printing, including variable data for personalized content and one-to-one marketing, to the highest quality of color and embellishment requirements. Our portfolio spans a variety of print speeds, image quality, feeding, finishing and media options. Production Solutions revenues include the sale of products (captured primarily in equipment sales) as well as, software, supplies and the associated technical service and financing of those products (captured as post sale revenue). FreeFlow® is a portfolio of software offerings that brings intelligent workflow automation and integration to the processing of High-End print jobs, including automated file preparation with visibility of press health, utilization, and Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), and solutions that help customers of all sizes address a wide range of business opportunities including personalization and electronic publishing. Xerox® Services includes a continuum of solutions and services that help our customers optimize their physical print and digital information infrastructures, apply automation and simplification to maximize productivity, and ensure the highest levels of security. Xerox has the capability to support integration and document security on a global scale, which are critical factors for large enterprises. Our primary offerings in this area are Xerox® Managed Print Services1 (MPS), Xerox IT Solutions, Xerox® Capture & Content Services (CCS) and Xerox® Customer Engagement Services (CES). CCS and CES encompass a range of Digital Services that leverage our software capabilities in Workflow Automation, Personalization and Communication Software, Content Management Solutions, and Digitization Services. The pandemic shifted our customers’ focus toward secure, efficient, and flexible solutions to operate in a hybrid work environment. As a result, we enhanced our focus on the development and promotion of offerings to help our customers accelerate their digital transformations. • Managed Print Services1 (MPS) utilizes our portfolio of security, analytics, cloud, digitization, and ConnectKey® technologies to help companies optimize their print infrastructure, secure their print environment, and automate related business processes. We provide the most comprehensive portfolio of MPS services in the industry and are recognized as an industry leader by major analyst firms including IDC and Quocirca. Our MPS offering targets clients ranging from global enterprises to governmental entities and small and mid-sized businesses, including those served through our channel partners. This portfolio includes a suite of services to help clients manage hybrid workforces, including cost effective and secure printing devices along with apps and software tools that enable work from anywhere, cloud server-enabled fleet management, security and automation software and remote customer support. Xerox® Workflow Central extends the document workflow solutions available through our ConnectKey® technologies to all devices, including PCs and smartphones, for easier access to workflow solutions in hybrid workplace environments. Xerox® Digital Hub and Cloud Print services allow customers to submit print jobs from anywhere and leverage our Web2Print portal with on and off-site printing networks to meet their printing or marketing collateral needs on demand. • IT Solutions, which includes the recently acquired ITsavvy business, provides clients of all sizes integrated IT infrastructure solutions, delivering business outcomes through its suite of Lifecycle, Deployment and Managed Services. The IT Solutions business leverages an extensive partner ecosystem to design, develop and deliver comprehensive Cloud & Hosting, Network & Security, Collaboration and Hybrid Workplace solutions. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 3 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 3
• Capture & Content Services (CCS) automates the extraction and integration of unstructured data, enhancing business efficiency. Using AI, RPA, and machine learning, we classify, extract, and process critical data from physical and digital documents. Our secure, cloud-based platform streamlines operations, reduces costs, and ensures compliance across key business functions. By transforming document-first workflows into data-driven processes, we help organizations unlock actionable insights and improve decision-making. • Customer Engagement Services (CES) enables the integration of Xerox technology, software, and services to securely design and manage our clients’ personalization and customization of targeted communications. Our Customer Communications Management and Campaigns on Demand solutions, such as those provided through our acquisition of Go Inspire, help drive personalized and meaningful communications and touchpoints. XFS is a global financing solutions business and currently offers lease financing for direct channel customer purchases of Xerox equipment and solutions through bundled lease agreements and lease financing to end-user customers who purchase Xerox equipment and solutions through our indirect channels. In addition to our four primary offering areas described above, a small portion of our revenues comes from non-core streams including paper sales in our developing market countries and standalone software such as CareAR, DocuShare®, and XMPie. _____________ (1) Previously known as contractual print services, and includes revenues from service, maintenance and rentals. IT solutions and digital services are not included in managed print services. Geographic Information Overall, approximately 45% of our revenue is generated by customers outside the U.S. Additional details can be found in Note 4 - Segment and Geographic Area Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Patents, Trademarks and Licenses In 2024, Xerox and its subsidiaries were awarded 244 U.S. utility and design patents. Our patent portfolio evolves as new patents are awarded to us and older patents expire. As of December 31, 2024, Xerox held 5,676 U.S. utility and design patents. These patents expire at various dates up to 20 years or more from their original filing dates. While we believe that our portfolio of patents and applications has value, in general no single patent is essential to our business. In 2024, we were party to multiple patent-related agreements in which we licensed or assigned our patents to others in return for revenue and/or access to their patents or to further our business goals. Most patent licenses expire concurrently with the expiration of the last patent identified in the license or after a specified term of years. These agreements vary in subject matter, scope, financials, significance, and duration. In the U.S., we own 155 trademarks, either registered or applied for. These trademarks have a perpetual life, subject to periodic renewal requirements. We vigorously enforce and protect our trademarks. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) At our core is a deep and long-lasting commitment to CSR, a pledge to inspire and support our people, conduct business ethically across the value chain and preserve our planet. This commitment stems from our corporate values established over sixty years ago, which include: succeeding through satisfied clients; delivering quality and excellence in all we do; requiring a premium return on assets; using technology to develop market leadership; valuing and empowering our employees; and behaving responsibly as a corporate citizen. We continue this legacy by creating products and services that help our customers be more productive, profitable, and sustainable. We deliver solutions that drive customer success and enable a new, better world. We do this in our own operations, as well as in workplaces, communities, and cities around the world. We recognize the world’s challenges such as climate change and human rights and understand the role we play. Our pledge to inspire and support our people, conduct business ethically, and protect our planet remains at the core of everything we do. At Xerox, we believe in continuously improving, and we apply this mentality to ensuring we are finding ways to improve the sustainability of our operations. From our earliest days as a company, Xerox has demonstrated a steadfast commitment to corporate social responsibility. Our greatest goal is to facilitate employee-driven philanthropy, with a focus on strengthening our communities, sustainability, education, and disaster relief. Together, Xerox and our employees are creating real impact and sustainable change for the greater good. In 2024, Xerox employees volunteered for approximately 35,200 hours and donated approximately $1 million, which includes the amount matched by Xerox. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 4Xerox 2024 Annual Report 4
The Xerox 2024 Corporate Social Responsibility Report describes our management approach related to CSR. Our work aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which provide a framework to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. To ensure we are responsive to all stakeholders, Xerox has also been reporting in accordance with the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) and the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). (The 2024 CSR Report, SASB report, and GRI report are accessible at www.xerox.com/CSR. The content of our website is not incorporated by reference in this combined Form 10-K unless expressly noted.) Environment With climate change being one of the defining issues of our time, Xerox's net zero goal is 2040 and climate change- related risks and opportunities are integrated into our Enterprise Risk Management. We share our roadmap to reach net zero in our 2024 CSR Report. Our roadmap covers our full value chain and focuses on improving processes and energy efficiency as well as designing environmentally responsible products. Our interim goal is to reduce our Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions at least 60% by 2030, against the Company’s 2016 baseline. Xerox's Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions decreased approximately 15.7% in 2023 (the latest year we reported GHG emissions in our CSR report), bringing our total reduction to approximately 51% from our 2016 baseline. This is in line with the ambitious science-based global warming target, validated and approved by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). Our GHG emissions are third-party assured in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14064-3:2019 and are updated in our progress summary as new data becomes available. In 2024, Xerox was named to CDP’s Annual "A List” for climate change transparency and performance. CDP is a nonprofit organization that runs the global disclosure system for investors, companies, and regions to manage their environmental impacts. Circular economy initiatives remain a part of our business strategy. We have implemented several collection and waste reduction programs, while also designing technology to align with the circular economy’s key elements. Based on data from 2023 (the latest full year data is available), approximately 90% of spent toner cartridges and other supplies, returned through the Xerox Supplies Recycling Program for Xerox customers, were recycled, reused or remanufactured. We continue to make progress towards increasing the post-consumer recycled content in our eco- label eligible devices. Human Capital Our Employees As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately 16,800 employees, a reduction of approximately 3,300, or 16.4%, since December 31, 2023. The reduction primarily relates to the Company's Reinvention, which includes the effects of workforce reduction decisions announced in January 2024, as well as net attrition (attrition net of gross hires). On a geographic basis, at December 31, 2024, approximately 8,500 employees were located in the U.S. and approximately 8,300 employees were located outside the U.S. We had approximately 8,900 employees, or approximately 55% of our total employees, engaged in providing services to customers (direct service and managed services) and approximately 2,000 employees engaged in direct sales. Approximately 20% of our employees are represented by unions or similar organizations, such as worker’s councils with approximately 87% located outside the U.S. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 25% of our employees were women and approximately 30% of our U.S. employees self-identified as diverse. Refer to the Recent Changes and Developments section above for additional information regarding Reinvention. Employee Safety At Xerox, we are committed to maintaining a safe workplace environment for our people. We have an incident reporting process, workplace safety inspections and hazard analysis that allows improvements in areas where we can reduce or prevent incidents. Several methods are also used to raise employee safety awareness including site- specific hazard management, off-the-job safety information and communications regarding safety concerns. During 2024 the total number of Days Away from Work Injury cases, which relies on employees to self-report, was 73 cases, as compared to 102 cases in 2023, a decrease in the rate from 0.47 to 0.40. Engagement and Talent Development Xerox remains committed to continuously revitalizing our employee experience and supporting employees through the shift to our new operating model, which is driving our Reinvention and Xerox's transformation. To facilitate these ongoing changes, we began strengthening our change management capabilities by creating a proactive, consistent global approach, upskilling our people, and enabling new ways of working. We improved our ability to make data- driven decisions and streamlined various processes to unlock our people's potential. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 5Xerox 2024 Annual Report 5
To support the employee experience, we have enhanced manager enablement resources and strengthened our leadership capability model that help our managers excel. Additionally, we introduced new benefits like paid parental leave in the U.S, and emphasized well-being with the Xerox Recharge Day. We standardized the way employee performance is evaluated. By evolving our performance management processes, we have driven accountability and ensured employees received feedback and coaching to reach their highest potential. With a specific focus on sales performance, we redesigned and simplified our sales compensation plans, creating a clearer path to earnings. Xerox sponsors numerous corporate development initiatives for targeted populations (i.e., high potentials, emerging technology professionals, and senior leaders, etc.), and corporate processes such as succession planning to ensure that we have a clear leadership pipeline for critical organizational roles. Total Rewards Our success depends on attracting, retaining, and motivating a highly productive, global workforce. To achieve this, we take pride in offering our employees a comprehensive Total Rewards program that includes various compensation, benefits, and work-life programs. Our programs are designed to achieve the following objectives: • Drive shareholder value: support our business strategy that drives value over time. • Align with performance: incentivize the right behaviors and reward talent for delivering results to further our Reinvention - when the Company wins, our employees win. • Support our talent strategy: attract, retain, and motivate a productive and engaged workforce. As with most global companies, our compensation and benefits vary based on employee eligibility, and local practices and regulations. We benchmark our programs to ensure we remain competitive with our peers and the markets we serve, and to maintain alignment with our short-term and long-term business goals. Our compensation offerings include base pay, as well as short-term and long-term incentive programs. Our short- term programs include: a management incentive plan (MIP) designed to drive Xerox’s annual pay for performance culture and incentivize our leaders to help Xerox achieve sustainable growth and profitability; and a sales compensation program that tightly aligns our sales force with business goals. Our Long-Term Incentive (LTI) equity- based program reinforces alignment of our leaders and key talent with shareholders. In 2024, approximately 35% of Xerox's employees were eligible to participate in our LTI program. Our benefits offerings provide our employees with choice and flexibility to help them reach their health and financial goals. Our offerings include the following core programs: health, wellness, retirement, paid time off, life and disability insurance, and access to voluntary benefits. Employee Training All employees are required to complete annual training in ethics, privacy, and security. Certain employees are required to complete additional specialized training pertaining to their role within the organization. Additionally, numerous training programs are available for employees to take on their own initiative. We adopt a blended technology-led learning model to drive the Xerox business and talent strategies. The Xerox workforce has access to learning in various modalities that support professional development and build capabilities across the Company, on time, and in a cost-effective manner. Our Learning function is focused on business agility and driving digital transformation across our workforce. Our employees have access to a global learning platform that includes an extensive portfolio of online courses, virtual classroom events, simulations, job aids, and other learning and development resources. As our business evolves, we continue to leverage technology to identify new skills and capabilities required to ensure we remain competitive in the global market. Our Learning function partners with Xerox business leaders to design capability- building programs and Xerox's senior leadership champions a long-term vision to continually develop the skills of our employees. In 2024, our learning management system recorded over 267,000 learning completions equating to over 35,000 days. We also laid the groundwork for a new era of learning, modernizing our approach as an essential driver of our growth and innovation. This included revitalizing our framework for learning by creating a Xerox Skills Taxonomy to ensure we prepare our workforce in the digital and AI age. This framework is further enhanced as we prepare to move to a new Learning Management System in 2025. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 6 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 6
Material Government Regulations Our business activities are worldwide and are subject to various federal, state, local, and foreign laws and our products and services are governed by a number of rules and regulations. Currently, costs incurred to comply with these governmental regulations are not material to our capital expenditures, results of operations and competitive position. Although there is no assurance that existing or future government laws and regulations applicable to our operations, services or products will not have a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, results of operations and competitive position, we do not currently anticipate material expenditures for government regulations. For a discussion of the risks associated with government regulations that may materially impact us, please see Risk Factors included in Item 1A of this combined Form 10-K. Marketing and Distribution We go to market with a client-centric, market-informed, and services-led approach, selling workplace products and solutions that support the new hybrid workplace and distributed workforce. We service our clients through our direct sales force or indirectly through distributors, independent agents, dealers, value-added resellers, systems integrators, and e-commerce marketplaces. In addition, we continue to focus on broadening our footprint to sell offerings to the small and mid-sized markets primarily in the U.S., the U.K., and Canada through Xerox Business Solutions (XBS) which is comprised of regional core companies that provide office technology and services. Our IT Solutions business provides IT infrastructure solutions to clients of all sizes in the U.S., Canada, and Western Europe. We are structured to serve our clients globally through our business-unit led operating model and organizational structure which covers direct and indirect routes to market in the Americas (comprised of the U.S., Canada, and Latin America) and EMEA (comprised of Europe, the Middle East, Africa and India). We have an industry leading and common global delivery model that provides a consistent client experience worldwide. We believe that this structure creates a leaner and more effective go-to-market model that streamlines our supply chain and provides our client with best-in-class services. Competition Although we encounter competition in all areas of our business, we are the leader - or among the leaders - in our core mid-range and high-end product groups. We compete on the basis of technology, performance, price, quality, reliability, brand reputation, distribution, service and support. The larger competitors in our print business include Canon, FUJIFILM Business Innovations Corp., HP Inc., Konica Minolta, and Ricoh. Our brand recognition, reputation for document management expertise, innovative technology and service delivery excellence are our competitive advantages. These advantages, combined with our breadth of product offerings, global distribution channels and client relationships, position us as a strong competitor going forward. As we continue our strategy to diversify and grow other businesses, we may face additional competition from non-print market participants. With respect to our financing business, our main competitors vary considerably from equipment manufacturers with a captive leasing group to third-party independent leasing entities and financial institutions. We generally compete based on relationships with customers, dealers and partners and by offering a better integrated service experience. Our IT Solutions business competes with integrated IT solutions providers and value-added resellers of IT infrastructure equipment. Competitors range in size, technological specialty and geographic presence. Our competitive advantages are the breadth of IT solutions provided, the skill sets and quality of our service and support technicians, our relationships with OEM partners and our ability to leverage Xerox’s existing client base to provide a comprehensive suite of print and IT solutions to clients. Customer Financing (XFS) We finance a large portion of our direct channel customer purchases of Xerox equipment through bundled lease agreements. We also provide lease financing to end-user customers who purchase Xerox equipment and solutions through our indirect channels. We compete with other third-party leasing companies and financial institutions with respect to the lease financing provided to these end-user customers. In both instances, financing facilitates customer acquisition of Xerox technology and enhances our value proposition, while providing Xerox a reasonable return on our investment in this business. Because our lease contracts allow customers to pay for equipment over time rather than upfront upon installation, we maintain a certain level of debt to support our investment in these lease contracts. We fund our customer financing activity through a combination of cash generated from operations, cash on hand and proceeds from capital market offerings as well as secured borrowing arrangements and sales of receivables. At December 31, 2024, we had Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 7Xerox 2024 Annual Report 7
approximately $1.75 billion of finance receivables and $245 million of Equipment on operating leases, net, or Total Finance assets of approximately $2.0 billion. We maintain an assumed 7:1 leverage ratio of debt to equity as compared to our Finance assets, which results in approximately $1.7 billion of our $3.4 billion of debt being allocated to our financing business. In January 2024, we entered into a new agreement with HPS to transfer the servicing of the majority of funding activity to HPS as well as extend the existing term to five years. This agreement automatically renews for a one-year period unless terminated by either the Company or HPS. Xerox will be required to pay a specified fee to service the Company’s retained receivables. Xerox will continue to service the lease receivables from prior arrangements with HPS for a specified fee. In October 2024, the Company entered into a finance receivables funding agreement with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), pursuant to which the Company can offer for sale, and DLL may purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables structured as “true sales at law” and bankruptcy remote transfers and we have received an opinion to that effect from outside counsel. This finance receivables funding agreement has an initial term of five years, with automatic one-year extensions thereafter, unless terminated by either the Company or DLL. The Company will be paid a commission on lease receivables sold and will continue to service the lease receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement. If the portfolio performs above a certain level of incremental service, a fee can be earned annually. Refer to "Debt and Customer Financing Activities" and "Finance Assets and Related Debt" in the Capital Resources and Liquidity section of Management's Discussion and Analysis, included in Item 7 of this combined Form 10-K, for additional information. Manufacturing and Supply Our manufacturing and distribution facilities are located around the world. Our largest manufacturing site is in Webster, N.Y., where we produce key components and consumables for our products, such as toner. We have manufacturing operations for materials and components in Dundalk, Ireland; Wilsonville, OR; and Oklahoma City, OK. We conduct sustainable manufacturing in all of these facilities. In addition, we work with various manufacturing and distribution partners. This diversification of suppliers brings flexibility and cost efficiency to our manufacturing and supply chain, a critical component in our strategic initiative to optimize operations for simplicity. FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. (formerly Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.) and Lexmark are our largest partners with whom we maintain product sourcing agreements for specific products primarily across our entry, mid-range and high-end portfolios. We also acquire products from various third parties to increase the breadth of our product portfolio and meet channel requirements. In addition, we outsource certain specialized manufacturing activities to partners, such as Flex Ltd. and Jabil Inc., which are global contract manufacturers with whom we have long-standing relationships. Our supply chain operations utilize a network of world-class logistics partners who offer warehousing and transportation services. Reverse Logistics is an integral part of our sustainability mission, and in the U.S. we perform these operations at our facility in Cincinnati, OH, and globally with a network of various partners. In 2024, we renewed our multi-year contract with Fujifilm Business Innovation Corp. This agreement secures our ongoing access to the latest advancements in print engine technology and related supplies, reinforcing Xerox’s commitment to delivering differentiated solutions to our clients and partners. Refer to the Capital Resources and Liquidity section of Management's Discussion and Analysis, included in Item 7 of this combined Form 10-K for additional information regarding our relationship with FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. International Operations The financial measures, by geographical area for 2024, 2023 and 2022, are included in Note 4 - Segment and Geographic Area Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. See also the risk factor entitled “The international nature of our business subjects us to a number of risks, including foreign exchange and interest rate risk and unfavorable political, regulatory, and tax conditions in foreign countries.” in Part I, Item 1A Risk Factors of this combined report on Form 10-K. Seasonality Our revenues may be affected by such factors as the introduction of new products, the length of sales cycles and the seasonality of technology purchases and printing volume. These factors have historically resulted in lower revenues, operating profits, and operating cash flows in the first and third quarters. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 8Xerox 2024 Annual Report 8
Other Information Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Holdings is a New York corporation, organized in 2019 and our principal executive offices are located at 201 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 4505, Norwalk, Connecticut 06851-1056. Our telephone number is 203-849-5216. Xerox Corporation Xerox is a New York corporation, organized in 1906 and our principal executive offices are located at 201 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 4505, Norwalk, Connecticut 06851-1056. Our telephone number is 203-849-5216. Within the Investor Relations section of Xerox Holdings' website, you will find our combined Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to these reports. We make these documents available timely after we have filed them with, or furnished them to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). The SEC's Internet address is www.sec.gov. Our Internet address is www.xerox.com. The content of our website is not incorporated by reference in this combined Form 10-K unless expressly noted. © 2025 Xerox Corporation. All rights reserved. Xerox®, ConnectKey®, FreeFlow®, Xerox Nuvera® and Baltoro® are trademarks of Xerox Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 9Xerox 2024 Annual Report 9
Item 1A. Risk Factors You should carefully consider the following risk factors as well as the other information included, and risks described, in other sections of this combined Form 10-K, including under the headings “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Legal Proceedings,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations. The selected risks described below, however, are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those we currently view to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Summary of Principal Risk Factors Our business is subject to change, risks, and uncertainties, as described herein. The risks factors that the Company considers material include, but are not limited to, the following: Company-Specific Risk Factors • Our business, results of operations, cash flow, and financial condition are affected by global macroeconomic conditions; • Our profitability is dependent on our ability to obtain adequate pricing for our products and services and to improve our cost structure; • We have outsourced a significant portion of our manufacturing operations and increasingly rely on third-party manufacturers, subcontractors, and suppliers; • We may not achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring and transformation plans, including Reinvention; and • Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and reduce our financial flexibility. Regulatory Risk Factors • The international nature of our business subjects us to a number of risks, including unfavorable political, regulatory, and tax conditions in foreign countries; and • Tariffs or other restrictions on foreign imports could negatively impact our financial performance. General Risk Factors • Our business, results of operations and financial condition may be negatively impacted by legal and regulatory matters; and • Our failure to maintain an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting, could adversely affect our ability to accurately report our results. Risks Related to our Pending Acquisition of Lexmark • The Lexmark acquisition may not be completed and the equity purchase agreement may be terminated in accordance with its terms; • The Lexmark acquisition may present certain risks to our business and operations prior to the closing and, if consummated, after the closing; and • We will incur a substantial amount of indebtedness in connection with the financing of the Lexmark Acquisition. Company-Specific Risk Factors Our business, results of operations, cash flow, and financial condition are affected by global macroeconomic conditions. Global macroeconomic developments, including conflicts throughout the world, may adversely affect our business and financial results. Our business and financial performance depend on worldwide economic conditions, which affect the demand for our products and services in the markets we serve as well as the cost and availability of inputs to our business. Prolonged or more severe economic weakness and uncertainty, including economic slowdowns or recessions, global market volatility, rising inflation and interest rates, employment, and other adverse economic conditions, may result in decreased demand for our products and services, logistical and supply-related challenges, and increased difficulty with financial forecasting. Moreover, the global macroeconomy has a significant impact on interest rates, borrowing costs, and availability and cost of capital, all of which could have an adverse impact on our business. In addition, inflation may adversely affect customers’ financing costs, cash flows, and profitability, which could adversely impact their operations and our ability to collect receivables. Rising interest rates could have a dampening effect on overall economic activity and/or the financial condition of our customers, either or Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 10Xerox 2024 Annual Report 10
both of which could negatively affect customer demand for our products and our customers’ ability to repay obligations to us. These conditions may result in reduced consumer and business confidence and spending in many countries, a tightening in the credit markets, a reduced level of liquidity in many financial markets, high volatility in credit, fixed income and equity markets, currency exchange rate fluctuations, and global economic uncertainty. In addition, longer term disruptions in the capital and credit markets could adversely affect our access to liquidity needed for our business. If financial institutions that have extended credit commitments to us are adversely affected by the conditions of the U.S. and international capital markets, they may become unable to fund borrowings under their credit commitments to us, which could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and our ability to borrow additional funds, if needed, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, research and development and other corporate purposes. The global supply chain has experienced and may continue to experience pronounced disruptions impacting service providers, logistics, and the flow, cost, and availability of supplies and products. Our business depends on its timely supply of equipment, services, and related products to meet the technical and volume requirements of our customers. Shortages of parts, materials, and services needed to manufacture and service our products, as well as delays and unpredictability of shipments due to transportation interruptions, have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our suppliers’ ability to meet our requirements, and in turn our ability to meet our customers’ needs. Moreover, supply chain constraints may continue to increase costs of logistics and parts for our products, which costs we may not be able to pass on to our customers. We may experience further disruptions to our manufacturing operations, supply chain, and/or distribution channels in the future, and these disruptions may be prolonged. We are subject to foreign currency exchange and interest rate volatility in our business. Our future revenues, costs and results of operations could be significantly affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates - particularly the euro, the British pound, and the Japanese yen. We use currency derivative contracts to hedge foreign currency- denominated assets, liabilities, and anticipated transactions. This practice is intended to mitigate or reduce volatility in the results of our foreign operations but does not eliminate such volatility. We do not hedge the translation effect of international revenues and expenses that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Although the use of hedging transactions limits our downside risk, their use may also limit future revenues. If we fail to successfully develop new and existing products, technologies, and service offerings, we may be unable to retain current customers and gain new customers and our revenues would decline. We operate in an environment of significant competition, driven by rapid technological developments, changes in industry standards, and demands of customers to become more efficient. Our primary competitors are exerting increased competitive pressure in targeted areas and are entering new markets, and emerging competitors may introduce new technologies, business models, or other innovations. Our competitors include large international companies, some of which have significant financial resources and compete with us globally to provide document processing products and services in each of the markets we serve. We compete primarily on the basis of technology, performance, price, quality, reliability, brand, distribution, and customer service and support. Our future success is largely dependent upon our ability to compete in the markets we currently serve, to promptly and effectively react to changing technologies and customer expectations, and to expand into additional market segments. To remain competitive, we must develop or acquire new services, applications and products and periodically enhance our existing offerings. If we are unable to compete successfully through existing new sales channels, including new partnerships, we could lose market share and important customers to our competitors, and such loss could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. The process of developing new high-technology products, software, services, and solutions, and enhancing existing hardware and software products, services, and solutions is complex, costly, and uncertain, and any failure by us to accurately anticipate customers' changing needs and emerging technological trends could significantly harm our market share, results of operations, and financial condition. These changing market trends are also opening new, adjacent, and ancillary markets for our products, services, and software, which requires us to accurately anticipate our customers' changing needs and emerging technological trends. Our business model requires us to commit resources before knowing whether our initiatives will result in products that are commercially successful and generate the revenues required to provide desired returns. In addition, our sales strategy requires us to simplify our coverage model and expand into adjacent markets with new products, services, and technology such as integrated IT infrastructure solutions, Intelligent Document Processing, multi-channel client communication services and other workplace productivity solutions. Our ability to develop or acquire new products, services, and technologies for these adjacent markets through new or existing partners may require the investment of significant resources which may not lead to the successful development of new technologies, products, or services. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 11Xerox 2024 Annual Report 11
Our digital services strategy involves developing and deploying essential products and services that address the productivity challenges of a hybrid workplace and distributed workforce. We also expect to extend our IT and digital services presence in the mid- market through organic and inorganic investments. Our future success depends on our ability to make the investments and commit the necessary resources to execute our business strategy in this highly competitive market. Despite this investment, the process of developing new products, services, and technologies is inherently complex and uncertain, and there are a number of risks to which we are subject, including the risk that our products, services, or technologies will not successfully satisfy our customers’ needs, conform to evolving preferences or technologies, or gain market acceptance, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Our business and financial performance could suffer if we do not manage the risks associated with our services businesses properly. The success of our Managed Print and Digital services business depends to a significant degree on attracting, retaining, and maintaining or increasing the level of revenues from our customers. Our standard services agreements are generally renewable at a customer’s option and/or subject to cancellation rights, with or without penalties for early termination. We may not be able to retain or renew services contracts with our customers, or our customers may reduce the scope of the services they contract for. Factors that may influence contract termination, non-renewal, or reduction include reduced print usage, business downturns, dissatisfaction with our services or products, our retirement or lack of support for our products and services, our customers selecting alternative technologies, and the cost of our services as compared to our competitors. We may not be able to replace the revenue and earnings from lost customers or reductions in services. Although our services agreements may include penalties for early termination, these penalties may not fully cover our investments in these businesses. In addition, the pricing and other terms of certain services agreements require us to make estimates and assumptions at the time we enter into these contracts that could differ from actual results. Any increased or unexpected costs or unanticipated delays in connection with the performance of these contracts, which may increase as services become more customized, could make these agreements less profitable or unprofitable. As a result, we may not generate the revenues, profits or cash flows we may have anticipated from our services business within the expected timelines, if at all. Our profitability is dependent upon our ability to obtain adequate pricing for our products and services and to improve our cost structure. Our success depends on our ability to obtain adequate pricing for our products and services that will provide a reasonable return to our shareholders. Changes in market conditions, including tariffs, inflation, interest rates, foreign currency exchange movements, and global supply chain disruptions, may exert pressure on the margins we obtain for our products and services. Cost-reduction and pricing actions we undertake may not prove sufficient to offset the adverse impacts of such market conditions. Our ability to sustain and improve profit margins is dependent on a number of factors, including geography mix, our ability to continue to improve the cost efficiency of our operations, our ability to sustain pricing increases across our portfolio of products and services in a competitive and inflationary environment, our success in diversifying our suite of products and services, the additional costs imposed by supply chain disruptions, the proportion of high-end, mid and entry-level equipment sales, and IT Solutions-related equipment sales (i.e., product and services mix), post- sale revenue trends and our ability to successfully complete information technology initiatives. If any of these factors adversely materialize or if we are unable to achieve and maintain productivity or efficiency improvements, our ability to offset labor cost inflation, potential materials cost increases and competitive price pressures would be impaired, all of which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Supply chain disruptions and interest rate increases have increased the cost of materials and components required to manufacture our products, transportation of components and products, and labor associated with all steps of the supply chain. We continually review our operations with a view towards reducing our cost structure, including reducing our employee base, exiting certain businesses and/or geographies, seeking more favorable terms in our current and future supply contracts, improving process and system efficiencies, and outsourcing some internal functions. If we are unable to control the cost of and obtain adequate pricing for our products and services or if our cost-cutting efforts negatively impact our business, it could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 12Xerox 2024 Annual Report 12
We have outsourced a significant portion of our manufacturing operations and increasingly rely on third- party manufacturers, subcontractors, and suppliers. We have outsourced a significant portion of our manufacturing operations to third parties, such as FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. (formerly Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.). In the normal course of business, we regularly reevaluate our relationships with these third parties and have discussions with other third parties in order to maintain competitive tension and seek more optimal terms. There is no guarantee that such discussions will lead to better arrangements, and our existing suppliers could react negatively to any alternative arrangements we seek to negotiate with other third parties. In addition, we could incur significant costs in order to transition from one third- party manufacturing partner to another. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, cost increases from our third-party manufacturing partners and we may not be able to pass on all such cost increases to our customers. We face the risk that our third-party manufacturing partners may not be able to develop or manufacture products satisfying all of our requirements, quickly respond to changes in customer demand, and obtain supplies and materials necessary for the manufacturing process. In addition, in the normal course of business and exacerbated by supply chain disruptions, our partners may experience labor shortages and/or disruptions, transportation cost increases, materials cost increases, and/or manufacturing cost increases that could lead to higher prices for our products and/or lower reliability of our products. Further, since certain third parties to whom we have outsourced manufacturing are also our competitors in the print market, or may become competitors in the future, we could experience product disruption as a result of competitive pressures that increase the cost of the products supplied. If we face product shortages and/or cost increases and are unable to transition to third parties, we could experience supply interruptions, experience lower profit margins, damage our relationships with our customers, and reduce our market share, all of which could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, in our services business, we may partner with other parties, including software and hardware vendors, to provide the complex solutions required by our customers. Therefore, our ability to deliver the solutions and provide the services required by our customers is dependent on both our and our partners' ability to meet our customers' requirements and schedules. If we or our partners fail to deliver services or products as required and on time, our ability to complete the contract may be adversely affected, which may have an adverse impact on our revenue and profits. We may be unable to attract and retain key personnel while our business model undergoes significant changes. Xerox is undergoing significant changes in our business model and, accordingly, current and prospective employees may experience uncertainty about their future and may have other opportunities available to them given the competitive labor market. Our success is dependent, among other things, on our ability to attract, develop and retain highly qualified senior management and other key employees. Competition for key personnel is intense, and our ability to attract and retain key personnel is dependent on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions and compensation packages offered by companies competing for the same talent. Our ability to do so also depends on how well we maintain a strong corporate culture and corporate brand that is attractive to employees. Hiring and training of new employees has been adversely impacted by global economic uncertainty, the tight labor market caused by low unemployment, and changes to office environments and workplace trends precipitated by COVID-19. The departure of existing key employees or the failure of potential key employees to accept employment with Xerox, despite our recruiting efforts, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and operating results. We may not achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring and transformation plans, including Reinvention, which may adversely affect our business. We engage in restructuring actions, as well as other transformation efforts, such as Reinvention, in order to reduce our cost structure, manage cash flow, achieve operating efficiencies, and align our business to fit with our operating plan. In addition, these actions are expected to simplify our organizational structure, upgrade our IT infrastructure and redesign our business processes. As a result of these initiatives, we may experience a loss of continuity, loss of accumulated knowledge and/or inefficiency during transitional periods. Transformation and restructuring may require a significant amount of time and focus from both management and other employees, which may divert attention from operating and growing our business. The wide-ranging nature and number of actions underway at any point in time may become difficult for the organization to satisfactorily manage and implement, as these actions may have impacts across the organization, processes and systems that are not apparent by individual project but may have unintended consequences in the aggregate. Furthermore, the expected savings associated with these initiatives may be offset to some extent by business disruption during the implementation phase as well as investments in new processes and systems until such time as the initiatives are fully implemented and stabilized. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 13Xerox 2024 Annual Report 13
Moreover, we are adopting new pricing strategies, distribution models, and changes in our partner models. The market may not respond as expected to such actions. Changes in our pricing structure or approach may not align with customer expectations or industry standards, leading to reduced demand or customer dissatisfaction. If we fail to achieve some or all of the expected benefits of our restructuring and transformation plans, it could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Among our Reinvention initiatives is the implementation of a new Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system. ERP implementations are complex, labor-intensive and time-consuming projects and involve substantial expenditures on system software and implementation activities. The ERP system is critical to our ability to provide important information to our management, obtain and deliver products, provide services and customer support, send invoices and track payments, fulfill contractual obligations, accurately maintain books and records, provide accurate, timely and reliable reports on our financial and operating results, and otherwise operate our business. ERP implementations also require transformation of business and financial processes in order to reap the benefits of the ERP system. Any such implementation involves risks inherent in the conversion to a new ERP, including loss of information and potential disruption to our normal operations. The implementation and maintenance of the new ERP system has required, and will continue to require, the investment of significant financial and human resources, the re-engineering of processes of our business, and the attention of many employees who would otherwise be focused on other aspects of our business. Our results of operations could be adversely affected if we experience time delays or cost overruns during the ERP implementation process, or if we are unable to reap the benefits we expect from the ERP system. Any material deficiencies in the design and implementation of the new ERP system could also result in potentially materially higher costs than we had incurred previously and could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and otherwise negatively impact our financial reporting and internal controls. Any of these consequences could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. As part of our efforts to streamline operations and reduce costs, we have offshored and outsourced certain of our operations, services and other functions through arrangements with third parties (e.g., TCS and HCL) and we will continue to evaluate additional offshoring or outsourcing possibilities in the future. If our outsourcing partners fail to perform their obligations in a timely manner or at satisfactory quality levels or if we are unable to attract or retain sufficient personnel with the necessary skill sets to meet our offshoring or outsourcing needs, the quality of our services, products, and operations, as well as our reputation, could suffer. In addition, much of our offshoring takes place in developing countries and as a result may also be subject to geopolitical uncertainty. Diminished service quality from offshoring and outsourcing could have an adverse material impact to our operating results due to service interruptions and negative customer reactions. Our government contracts are subject to termination rights, audits, and investigations, which, if exercised, could negatively impact our reputation and reduce our ability to compete for new contracts. A significant portion of our revenue is derived from contracts with U.S. federal, state and local governments and their agencies, as well as international governments and their agencies. Government entities typically finance projects through appropriated funds. While these projects are often planned and executed as multi-year projects, government entities usually reserve the right to change the scope of or terminate these projects for lack of approved funding and/or at their convenience. Changes in government or political developments, including budget deficits, shortfalls or uncertainties, government spending reductions (e.g., Congressional sequestration of funds under the Budget Control Act of 2011), government shutdowns, or other debt or funding constraints, could result in lower governmental sales and in our projects being reduced in price or scope or terminated altogether, which also could limit our recovery of incurred costs, reimbursable expenses and profits on work completed prior to the termination. Additionally, government agencies routinely audit government contracts. If the government finds that we charged them inappropriate pricing, we could be required to refund or reimburse the government, and there is the possibility of paying fines and penalties. If the government discovers improper or illegal activities or contractual non- compliance in the course of audits or investigations, we may be subject to various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from doing business with the government. Any resulting penalties or sanctions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Further, the negative publicity that arises from findings in such audits or investigations could have an adverse effect on our reputation and reduce our ability to compete for new contracts and could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. Additionally, our business with the U.S. government, direct or indirect, is subject to specific laws and regulations with numerous and unique compliance requirements relating to formation, administration and performance of U.S. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 14Xerox 2024 Annual Report 14
federal or federally funded contracts. These requirements, which may increase or change over time, may increase our performance and compliance costs thereby reducing our margins, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition. Violations or other failures to comply with these laws, regulations or other compliance requirements could lead to terminations for default, suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time or other adverse actions. Such laws, regulations or other compliance requirements include those related to procurement integrity, export control, U.S. government security and information security regulations, supply chain and sourcing requirements and restrictions, employment practices, protection of criminal justice data, protection of the environment, accuracy of records, proper recording of costs, foreign corruption, Trade Agreements Act, Buy America Act, other domestic content requirements, and the False Claims Act. Our ability to fund our customer financing activities at economically competitive levels depends on our ability to source capital and the cost of capital in the credit markets. The long-term viability and profitability of our financing business is dependent, in part, on our ability to borrow against or sell leases and the cost of borrowing in the credit markets. This ability and cost, in turn, is dependent on (i) our credit rating, which is currently non-investment grade according to credit rating agency assessments that are subject to periodic reviews and can change following a review and (ii) credit market volatility, which is impacted by global macroeconomic developments such as the war in Ukraine, conflicts in the Middle East. and other global macroeconomic developments. Increased credit market volatility has, among other things, increased the cost of borrowing and reduced access to debt and equity markets. We have historically funded our financing business through a combination of sales and securitizations of finance receivables, capital markets offerings, cash generated from operations and cash on hand. Our current sourcing strategy is centered on selling existing and newly originated finance receivables under long term arrangements with financing partners. Our ability to continue to offer customer financing and be successful in the placement of equipment, software, and IT services with customers seeking to finance those transactions through Xerox is largely dependent on our ability to source funding at a reasonable cost. If our credit rating declines, the credit market becomes more volatile, or other events occur that reduce the demand for, or our funding partners' ability to provide at attractive rates on, customer financing, it may adversely impact our finance business and results of operations, however, there are alternative sources of funding available to the majority of our customers, which could reduce the overall impact to the broader Xerox business. Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and reduce our financial flexibility. As of December 31, 2024, our total debt was $3.4 billion, which primarily consisted of $2.6 billion of Senior and Unsecured Debt and approximately $813 million of Secured Borrowings. In the future, we may incur additional indebtedness for organic or inorganic growth or otherwise. Our level of indebtedness could affect our flexibility and operations in several ways, including the following: • a significant portion of our cash flows could be used to service our indebtedness; • the covenants contained in the agreements governing our outstanding indebtedness may limit our ability to borrow additional funds, dispose of assets, pay dividends, and make certain investments; • our debt covenants may also affect our flexibility in planning for, and reacting to, changes in the economy and in our industry; • a high level of debt would increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; • a high level of debt may place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that may be less leveraged and therefore may be able to take advantage of opportunities that our indebtedness would prevent us from pursuing; and • a high level of debt may impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions, or general corporate or other purposes. In addition, revolving borrowings under our ABL (as defined below) and the term loans under our TLB (as defined below), and potentially other credit facilities we or our subsidiaries may enter into in the future, may bear interest at variable rates. Increases in market interest rates could lead to higher debt service requirements associated with our variable-rate borrowings, if any. The effect of inflation on interest rates could increase our financing costs over time, either through near-term borrowings on our ABL and TLB, refinancing of our existing borrowings, or the issuance of new debt. In addition to our debt service obligations, our operations require substantial expenditures on a continuing basis. Our ability to make scheduled debt payments, to refinance our obligations with respect to our indebtedness and to fund capital and non-capital expenditures necessary to maintain the condition of our operating assets and properties, as well as to provide capacity for the growth of our business, depend on our financial and operating performance. We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flows to pay the interest on our debt, and future Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 15Xerox 2024 Annual Report 15
working capital borrowings or debt or equity financing may not be available to pay or refinance such debt at attractive rates or at all. We need to maintain adequate liquidity in order to meet our operating cash flow requirements, repay maturing debt and meet other financial obligations, such as payment of dividends to the extent declared by our Board of Directors. If we fail to comply with the covenants contained in our various debt agreements, it may adversely affect our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition. Our liquidity is a function of our cash on-hand and our ability to successfully generate cash flows from a combination of efficient operations and continuing operating improvements, access to capital markets and funding from third parties, which includes securitizations and sales of our finance receivables. We believe our liquidity (including operating and other cash flows that we expect to generate) will be sufficient to meet operating requirements as they arise; however, our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity going forward will be subject to the general liquidity of and on-going changes in the credit markets as well as general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other market factors that are beyond our control. Our $425 million asset-based revolving credit agreement (the ABL), dated as of May 22, 2023, with Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, as amended, contains a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1x, as defined in the ABL, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter during which excess availability is less than an amount equal to the greater of (A) $31.875 million and (B) 10% of the Line Cap (the lesser of the aggregate amount of Revolving Commitments and the then-applicable Borrowing Base). Both the ABL and our $550 million term loan B credit agreement, dated as of November 17, 2023, with Jefferies Finance LLC as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto (the TLB), are supported by guarantees from us and certain US, Canadian, English, German and Belgian subsidiaries, and by security interests in substantially all of our and such US, Canadian and English, German and Belgian subsidiaries’ assets, subject to certain exceptions. The ABL, the TLB and the indenture governing our 2029 Notes also impose operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our best interest, including restrictions on our ability to: pay dividends, make other distributions in respect of, or repurchase or redeem capital stock; incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness; prepay, redeem, or repurchase certain debt; make loans, investments, and other restricted payments; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; incur liens; enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; consolidate, merge, or sell all or substantially all of our assets; make strategic acquisitions or investments; or enter into joint ventures. Failure to comply with material provisions or covenants in the ABL, the TLB, the 2029 Notes or our other debt agreements, including our secured financing agreements in connection with our securitization transactions and the indentures governing our outstanding notes, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition. A default under certain of our debt agreements may allow our creditors to accelerate the applicable obligations and result in the acceleration of other obligations to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the ABL and the TLB would permit the lenders thereunder to terminate all commitments to extend credit. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts due and payable under the ABL and the TLB, the lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure the obligations under the ABL and the TLB. If any of our creditors accelerate the repayment of applicable indebtedness, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. Our credit rating or macroeconomic conditions, including the credit market environment, could impact the terms and conditions associated with any new indebtedness available to us, and may result in higher borrowing costs and may contain covenants that would place greater restrictions on how we can run our businesses and/or limit our ability to take certain actions that might otherwise be beneficial to the Company and/or its shareholders, customers, suppliers, partners, and/or lenders. Our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by employee benefit-related funding requirements. We sponsor several defined benefit pension and retiree-health benefit plans throughout the world. We are required to make contributions to these plans to comply with minimum funding requirements imposed by laws governing these employee benefit plans. Although most of our major defined benefit plans have been amended to freeze current benefits and eliminate benefit accruals for future service, several plans remain unfunded (by design) or are under-funded. The projected benefit obligations for these benefit plans at December 31, 2024 exceeded the value of the assets of those plans by approximately $1.1 billion. The current unfunded or underfunded status of these plans is a significant factor in determining the ongoing future contributions we will be required to make to these plans. Accordingly, we expect to have additional funding requirements in future years, and we may make additional, Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 16Xerox 2024 Annual Report 16
voluntary contributions to the plans. Depending on our cash position at the time, any such funding or contributions to our defined benefit plans could impact our operating flexibility and financial position, including adversely affecting our cash flow for the quarter in which such funding or contributions are made. Weak macroeconomic conditions and related under-performance of asset markets could also lead to increases in our funding requirements. Our intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the value of our products, services, and brand. In developing new technologies and products and maintaining our product portfolio, we rely upon patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws in the United States and similar laws in other countries, and a combination of confidentiality, license, assignment and other agreements with our employees, customers, suppliers and other parties, to establish and maintain our intellectual property rights in technology and products used in our operations. However, various events outside of our control may pose a threat to our intellectual property rights, as well as to our products and services. Monitoring and detecting any unauthorized access, use or disclosure of our intellectual property is difficult and costly and we cannot be certain that the protective measures we have implemented will completely prevent misuse. Our ability to enforce our intellectual property rights is subject to litigation risks and uncertainty as to the protection and enforceability of those rights in some countries. If we seek to enforce our intellectual property rights, we may be subject to claims that those rights are invalid or unenforceable, and others may seek counterclaims against us, which could have a negative impact on our business. Effective protection of intellectual property rights is expensive and difficult to maintain, both in terms of application and maintenance costs, as well as the costs of defending and enforcing those rights. Any action against our Company relating to our intellectual property rights, regardless of the outcome, could generate substantial costs and require significant involvement from our management team, which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. If we are unable to enforce and protect intellectual property rights, or if they are circumvented, rendered obsolete, invalidated by the rapid pace of technological change, or stolen or misappropriated by employees or third parties, it could have an adverse impact on our competitive position and business. Changes in intellectual property laws or their interpretation may impact our ability to protect and assert our intellectual property rights, increase costs and uncertainties in the prosecution of patent applications or related enforcement actions, and diminish the value and competitive advantage conferred by our intellectual property assets. Negative publicity generated from intellectual property disputes could also harm our reputation and brand image. The efforts we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not be sufficient or effective, or existing agreements may be breached. It is possible that our intellectual property rights could be infringed, misappropriated, challenged, invalidated, or circumvented, which could allow others to use our intellectual property to our competitive detriment. Further, we routinely apply for patents to protect innovative ideas in our technology, but we may not always be successful in obtaining patent grants from these applications. We also pursue registration of copyrights, trademarks, and domain names in numerous jurisdictions, but doing so may not always be successful or cost- effective. The laws of certain countries may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States and we may be unable to protect our proprietary technology adequately against unauthorized third- party copying or use, which could adversely affect our competitive position. In addition, some of our products rely on technologies developed by third parties. We may not be able to obtain or to continue to obtain licenses and technologies from these third parties at all or on reasonable terms, or such third parties may demand cross-licenses to our intellectual property. If we fail to accurately anticipate and meet our customers' needs through the development of new products, technologies, and service offerings or if we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, we could lose market share and customers to our competitors, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Failure to meet CSR expectations or standards or achieve our CSR goals could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, or stock price. There has been a continued focus from regulators and stakeholders on corporate social responsibility (CSR) matters, including greenhouse gas emissions and climate-related risks; responsible sourcing and supply chain; human rights and social responsibility; and corporate governance and oversight. In the European Union, the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) expands the scope of companies required to publicly report CSR-related information and defines the CSR-related information that companies are required to report in accordance with European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). Additionally, in October 2023, and subsequently in 2024, California enacted a series of laws requiring companies with revenues of over $1 billion who conduct business in California to disclose their Scope 1, 2 & 3 Greenhouse gas emissions and provide other relevant disclosures related to carbon offsets. Other mandatory CSR-related disclosures include the Conflict Minerals Reporting in the U.S., Transparency in Supply Chain Act in California, the Modern Slavery Act in the UK Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 17Xerox 2024 Annual Report 17
and Canada, and the Law on Child Labour Due Diligence in The Netherlands. There are also a number of voluntary reporting schemes that provide a framework to report CSR-related information. In 2021, Xerox voluntarily announced its 2040 net zero goal to meet growing expectations of companies to reduce GHG emissions. Xerox recognizes these goals are subject to risks and uncertainties depending on global climate change, economic conditions, and other factors outside of our control. Xerox also recognizes transitional risks associated with changes in voluntary standards and customer preferences in connection with concerns about climate change. If Xerox is unable to offer products that are as energy efficient as our competitors, there is a risk of reduced demand for our products and reduced market share. Inability, or a perception of inability, to achieve progress toward our environmental goals could adversely impact our business or damage our reputation. Damage to our reputation may reduce demand for our products and services and thus have an adverse effect on our future financial results and our stock price, as well as require additional resources to rebuild our reputation. Given our commitment to CSR, we actively engage external and internal stakeholders to manage these issues and have established and publicly announced certain goals, commitments, and targets which we may refine or even expand further in the future. These goals, commitments, and targets reflect our current plans and aspirations and are not guarantees that we will be able to achieve them. Evolving stakeholder expectations and our efforts and ability to manage these issues, provide updates on them, and accomplish our goals, commitments, and targets present numerous operational, regulatory, reputational, financial, legal, and other risks, any of which may be outside of our control or could have a material adverse impact on our business, including on our reputation and stock price. Further, there is uncertainty around the accounting standards, corporate social responsibility, and climate-related disclosures associated with emerging laws and reporting requirements and the related costs to comply with the emerging regulations. Our failure or perceived failure to achieve our CSR goals, maintain CSR practices, or comply with emerging CSR regulations that meet evolving regulatory or stakeholder expectations could harm our reputation, adversely impact our ability to attract and retain customers and talent, and expose us to increased scrutiny from the investment community and enforcement authorities. Increased focus and activism on CSR topics may hinder our access to capital, as investors may reconsider their capital investment as a result of their assessment of our CSR practices. Our reputation also may be harmed by the perceptions that our stakeholders have about our action or inaction with regards to CSR-related issues. Damage to our reputation and loss of brand equity may cause customers to choose to stop purchasing our products and services, purchase products and services from another company or a competitor, or refuse to renew existing contracts, ultimately reducing demand for our products and services and thus have an adverse effect on our future financial results and stock price, as well as require additional resources to rebuild our reputation. Regulatory Risk Factors The international nature of our business subjects us to a number of risks, including foreign exchange and interest rate risk and unfavorable political, regulatory, and tax conditions in foreign countries. A significant portion of our revenue is generated from operations outside of the United States, and we manufacture or acquire many of our products and/or their components outside the United States. As a result of the global nature of our operations, our business performance and results of operations may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including: • uncertain global economic and political developments that may impact business conditions and demands; • global trade issues including changes in, and uncertainties with respect to, trade and export regulatory requirements, trade policies and sanctions restrictions, tariffs, and international trade disputes; • evolving positions taken by governmental agencies regarding possible national economic and/or security issues posed by the development, sale, or export of certain products and technologies; • political instability, natural disasters, regional or global health epidemics, social unrest, terrorism, acts of war or other geopolitical turmoil; • variations among, and weakness and/or changes in, local, regional, national or international laws and regulations, including contract, intellectual property, data privacy, data protection and cybersecurity, labor, tax, and import/export laws, and the interpretation and application of such laws and regulations; • challenges to effective management of a diverse workforce with different experience levels, languages, cultures, customs, business practices and worker expectations, and differing employment practices and labor issues across multiple countries around the world; • impacts of climate change on our operations and those of our customers and suppliers; • challenges in hiring, retention, and integration of workers in multiple countries around the world; and • the increasing need for a mobile workforce to work in or travel to different regions. 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If our future revenues, costs, and results of operations are significantly affected by economic or political conditions abroad and we are unable to effectively hedge these risks, they could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Tariffs or other restrictions on foreign imports could negatively impact our financial performance. Our business, results of operations and financial condition may be negatively impacted by a potential increase in the cost of our products as a result of new or incremental trade protection measures, such as increased import tariffs or import or export restrictions or the revocation or material modification of trade agreements. The new U.S. administration has considered and announced potential tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico and China as well as other jurisdictions. Although the ultimate scope and timing of any such tariffs or other measures is indeterminate they could have a significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Changes in U.S. and international trade policy and resultant retaliatory countermeasures, including imposition of increased tariffs, quotas, or duties by affected countries and trading partners are difficult to predict and may adversely affect our business. We operate globally and changes in tax laws could adversely affect our results. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required to determine and estimate worldwide tax liabilities. Our provision for income taxes and effective tax rates could be affected by numerous factors, including changes in applicable tax laws, interpretations of applicable tax laws, amount and composition of pre-tax income in jurisdictions with differing tax rates, and valuation of deferred tax assets. We monitor U.S. and non-U.S. tax law changes that may adversely impact our overall tax costs. From time to time, proposals have been made and/or legislation has been introduced to change tax rates, as well as related tax laws, regulations or interpretations thereof, by various jurisdictions, or to limit tax treaty benefits which, if enacted or implemented could materially increase our tax costs and/or our effective tax rate and could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. The international tax environment continues to change as a result of both coordinated actions by governments and unilateral measures designed by individual countries, both intended to tackle concerns over base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) and perceived international tax avoidance techniques. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is issuing guidelines that are different, in some respects, than long-standing international tax principles. This includes the development of an inclusive framework that is based on a two-pillar approach. In December 2022, the EU Member States formally adopted the EU’s Pillar Two Directive, which generally provides for a global minimum tax rate of at least 15%. Various countries in which we operate in have implemented legislation, effective January 1, 2024. Based on the currently enacted legislation, we do not expect Pillar Two to have a material impact on our financial statements. However, we will continue to monitor any impact to Xerox as countries continue to amend their tax law to adopt certain parts of the OECD guidelines. Taxation at the country, state, provincial or municipal level also may be subject to review and potential override by regional, federal, national, or other government authorities. In addition, we continue to be subject to examination of our income tax returns by the United States Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities around the world. We currently are, and expect to continue to be, subject to numerous federal, state, local and foreign taxes relating to income, sales & use, value-added (VAT), and other tax liabilities. While we have established reserves based on assumptions and estimates that we believe are reasonably sufficient to cover such liabilities, any adverse outcome of a review or audit, or changes in tax laws, could have an adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations if the reserves prove to be insufficient. We are subject to breaches of our security systems, cyber-attacks, and service interruptions, which could expose us to liability, litigation, regulatory action and damage our reputation. We have implemented and maintain security measures and safeguards, which we believe to be reasonable, to protect our information systems and our confidential information, including personal information, and that of our customers, clients and suppliers that is held or processed by us, against unauthorized access or disclosure and to prevent, detect, contain, respond to, and mitigate security-related threats and potential incidents. We undertake ongoing improvements to ensure the security of our systems, connected devices, and information-sharing products in order to minimize potential vulnerabilities, in accordance with industry and regulatory standards. Despite such efforts, our safeguards may fail or we may be subject to breaches of our security resulting in unauthorized access to our facilities or information systems and the information we are trying to protect. Moreover, our business or operations may be affected in the event our customers, clients and suppliers experience data security incidents, cyber-attacks or extended interruptions of their services or systems. Our operations depend on the use of various information systems, including those that may have reached their end-of-life, and may contain unpatched vulnerabilities. Unpatched vulnerabilities in our systems and the utilization of end-of-life systems may expose us to increased cybersecurity risks, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and operational disruptions. The Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 19Xerox 2024 Annual Report 19
absence of vendor support for end-of-life systems may impede our ability to promptly address and remediate security issues, potentially leading to extended downtime, data breaches, and financial losses. Additionally, the third-party software, or applications we utilize may possess inherent vulnerabilities or design, manufacturing, or operational defects when implemented intentionally or unintentionally in a manner that could compromise the security of our information systems. Increased adoption of remote work has also increased possible attack surfaces on our information systems. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access are constantly changing, are becoming increasingly sophisticated and often are not recognized until after an exploitation of information has occurred. Therefore, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement sufficient preventative measures, or to timely detect and remediate harms caused by such techniques. Threat actors regularly attempt and, from time to time, have been successful in breaching our security controls, to gain access to our information and infrastructure through various techniques, including phishing, ransomware, account compromise, and other targeted attacks. The Company has retained and, in the future, may retain third- party experts to assist with the containment of and response to security incidents and, in coordination with law enforcement, with the investigation of such incidents. The Company has incurred, and expects to continue to incur, costs, including to retain such third-party experts, in connection with such incidents. We may also find it necessary to make significant further investments to protect this information and our infrastructure. These investments, and costs we incur in connection with security incidents, could be material. While we do not believe any cybersecurity incidents to date have resulted in any material impact on our business, operations or financial results or our ability to service our customers or run our business, incidents resulting in unauthorized access to our facilities or information systems, or those of our suppliers, or accidental loss or disclosure of proprietary or confidential information about us, our clients or our customers could result in, among other things, a total shutdown of our systems that would disrupt our ability to conduct business or pay vendors and employees, violations of applicable privacy and other data protection laws, significant legal and financial exposure, damage to our reputation, and a loss of investor confidence in our security measures. Additional impacts from cybersecurity incidents could include remediation costs to our customers or business partners, such as liability for stolen assets or information, repairs of system damage, and incentives for continued business; increased cybersecurity protection costs, which may include the costs of making organizational changes, deploying additional personnel, resources and security technologies, training employees, and engaging third-party experts and consultants; lost revenue resulting from the unauthorized use of proprietary information or the failure to retain or attract business partners following an incident; increased insurance premiums; and damage to the Company’s competitiveness, stock price, and long-term shareholder value. In addition, cybersecurity risks and data security incidents could lead to unfavorable publicity, governmental inquiry and oversight, regulatory actions by federal, state and non-U.S. governmental authorities, litigation by affected parties and possible financial obligations for damages related to the theft or misuse of such information, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and cash flow. We are subject to laws of the United States and foreign jurisdictions relating to the privacy and protection of personal information, and failure to comply with those laws could subject us to legal actions and negatively impact our operations. We receive, process, transmit and store information relating to identifiable individuals, both in our role as a technology provider and as an employer. As a result, we are subject to numerous privacy and data protection laws and regulations in the United States (both federal and state) and foreign jurisdictions. The global regulatory landscape regarding the protection of personal information is evolving and increasingly complex, and U.S. (federal and state) and foreign governments have enacted, and are considering further enacting, legislation and regulations related to privacy and data protection. We expect to see an increase in, or changes to, the data protection and privacy laws, regulations and standards. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 20-18 (CCPA), regulates businesses’ processing of personal information, which is defined broadly enough to include online identifiers provided by individuals’ devices, applications, and protocols (such as IP addresses, mobile application identifiers and unique cookie identifiers) and individuals’ location data. The CCPA, which went into effect on January 1, 2020, instituted a new privacy framework in the U.S. for covered businesses by, among other requirements, establishing certain rights for consumers in California to protect their personal information (including rights of deletion of and access to personal information), imposing special rules on the collection of consumer data from minors, creating new notice obligations and new limits on the “sale” of personal information, and creating a new and potentially severe statutory damages framework for violations of the CCPA and for businesses that fail to implement reasonable security procedures and practices to prevent data breaches. The CCPA also offers the possibility for a consumer to recover statutory damages for certain violations and could expose our company to additional risks of individual and class-action lawsuits even though the statute’s private right of action is limited in Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 20Xerox 2024 Annual Report 20
scope. The California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (CPRA), which took effect on January 1, 2023, amended and expanded upon the CCPA to impose additional notice, access, objection, limitation of use, nondiscrimination, and other obligations and restrictions with regards to the processing of sensitive data and the disclosure (or “sharing”) of data to third parties, which does not constitute a “sale”. Several other U.S. states have also enacted, and more are considering enacting, their own data privacy laws. These laws generally grant individuals a range of new privacy rights and protections relating to their personal data, and impose obligations on businesses processing such data. The lack of harmonization among the existing and proposed laws and regulations may create additional compliance costs for us and our industry partners, though efforts taken toward compliance with other privacy laws will likely be applicable to many elements of the newly enacted state statutes. Although we have attempted to mitigate certain risks posed by these laws, we cannot predict with certainty which jurisdictions may enact new laws, or the effect of these laws and their implementing regulations on our business. Laws governing personal data in Europe may have a similar effect on our Company. For example, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) enhances data protection obligations for controllers of such data and for service providers processing the personal data of individuals in the European Economic Area. It also provides certain rights, such as access and deletion, to the individuals about whom the personal data relates. Non-compliance with the GDPR can trigger steep fines of up to the greater of EUR 20 million or 4% of total worldwide annual revenue. Continuing to maintain compliance with the requirements of the GDPR and other similar foreign laws, including monitoring and adjusting to rulings and interpretations by supervisory authorities and/or courts of competent jurisdiction, may affect our approach to compliance and requires significant ongoing time, resources and expense, as will the effort to monitor whether additional changes to our business practices and our backend configuration are needed, all of which may increase operating costs, or limit our ability to operate or expand our business. Furthermore, we are also subject to similar laws related to data protection in other jurisdictions, such as the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) in Canada, and the General Data Protection Law (LGDP) in Brazil. These laws and other obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent across jurisdictions, or which do not align with our existing data management practices or features of our systems and services. If so, we could be required to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or modify our products, which could have an adverse effect on our business. We may be unable to make such changes and modifications in a commercially reasonable manner or at all, and our ability to develop new products and features could be limited. Changes to existing laws, introduction of new laws in this area, failure to comply with existing laws that are applicable to us, or an increase in enforcement activity by governments or private parties may subject us to, among other things, additional costs or changes to our business practices, liability for monetary damages, fines and/ or criminal prosecution, unfavorable publicity or other reputational harm, restrictions on our ability to obtain and process information and allegations by our customers and clients that we have not performed our contractual obligations, any of which may have a material adverse effect on our profitability and cash flow. The use or anticipated use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including generative AI, by us or third parties, may increase or create new regulatory or operational risks. AI technologies offer numerous potential benefits, such as creating or increasing operational efficiencies, and we expect the use of AI and generative AI by us, third parties on our behalf, and other market actors, including our competitors, to increase. However, the deployment of such technologies also poses certain risks, including that they may be misused, or the models or datasets on which the models are trained may be flawed or otherwise may function in an unexpected manner or lead to unexpected or unintended outcomes. The relative newness of the technology, the speed at which it is being adopted, and the paucity of laws, regulations or standards expressly and specifically governing its use increases these risks. Any such misuse or any deficiencies in, or failure of, the models or AI systems could expose us to legal or regulatory risk, damage customer relationships or cause reputational harm. Our competitors may also adopt AI or generative AI more quickly or more effectively than we do, which could cause competitive harm. We are subject to numerous environmental laws, regulations, and procurement initiatives and failure to comply could result in substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines, civil or criminal sanctions, third- party damage or personal injury claims, or limited market access. Continuing political and social attention to the issue of climate change has led to existing and proposed international agreements, as well as national, state, local, and foreign legislative, regulatory, and procurement initiatives directed at requiring companies to disclose and limit greenhouse gas emissions in the countries, states, and territories in which we operate. Laws, regulatory actions, international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, and other Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 21Xerox 2024 Annual Report 21
initiatives to address concerns about climate change and greenhouse gas emissions could negatively impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition, including, among other things, by limiting the availability of our products, increasing the cost to obtain or sell those products, and increasing our reporting burden and cost of compliance. Though the ultimate impact of these and similar initiatives is not yet fully known, compliance with such proposed or newly adopted disclosure initiatives may incur significant costs. Our operations and our products are subject to environmental regulations in each of the jurisdictions in which we conduct our business and sell our products. Restrictions on the types and amounts of chemicals that may be present in electronic equipment or other items that we use or sell continue to proliferate, requiring substantial data gathering, analysis, and reporting throughout the supply chain. Ongoing research and review of chemicals used in our products could lead to further restriction of common chemicals in office equipment and supplies. In the European Union (EU), for example, we are subject to “REACH” Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals), a broad initiative that requires parties throughout the supply chain to register, assess, and disclose information regarding many chemicals in their products. Depending on the types, applications, forms, and uses of chemical substances in various products, REACH and similar regulatory programs in the EU and other jurisdictions could lead to restrictions and/or bans on certain chemical usage. In the United States, the Toxics Substances Control Act (TSCA) authorizes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to regulate and screen all chemicals produced or imported into the United States. Xerox continues its efforts toward monitoring and evaluating the applicability of these and numerous other legislative initiatives in a continuous effort to develop and enable compliance strategies. As these and similar initiatives and programs become regulatory requirements throughout the world and/or are adopted as public or private procurement requirements, we must comply. Failure to comply could result in the company being subject to potential liability and facing market access limitations that could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. Other potentially relevant regulatory initiatives throughout the world include various efforts to limit energy use in product manufacturing and other environment-related programs impacting products and operations, such as those associated with climate change accords, agreements, and regulations. For example, the EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) requires specified classes of products to achieve certain design and/or performance standards in connection with energy use and other environmental parameters and impacts. The EU ESPR is part of the EU Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP), which introduced legislative and non-legislative measures focusing on how products are designed, promoting circular economy processes, encouraging sustainable consumption, and ensuring waste is prevented. The implementation of the CEAP is expected to impact how companies prove environmental claims and the materials used, including chemicals and plastics, in products that are placed on the EU market. Environmentally driven procurement requirements also voluntarily adopted by customers in the marketplace (e.g., U.S. EPA EnergyStar, EPEAT, and EU Green Public Procurement) are constantly evolving and becoming more stringent, presenting further market access challenges if our products fail to conform. Various countries and jurisdictions have adopted, or are expected to adopt, requirements clarifying manufacturer roles and responsibilities related to the recovery of products that were placed on the market and remediation of by- products of the manufacturing process. For example, jurisdictions have adopted or are expected to adopt, programs that make producers of certain goods (e.g., electrical goods, including computers and printers) and/or packaging materials responsible for related reporting, fees, and end-of-life management of the products. If we are unable to meet such “extended producer responsibility” (EPR) requirements in a cost-effective manner, it could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Further, Xerox is party to, or otherwise involved in, proceedings in a limited number of locations brought by governmental authorities and other third parties under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), known as "Superfund," or state law equivalents, in which the primary relief sought is the cost of past and/or future remediation of contamination related to such sites, including impacts attributable to third parties, as well as at third-party sites to which we sent wastes. The nature of financial exposure depends on a variety of factors, including changes in laws, known contamination, and discovered contamination that was previously unknown. Regulatory requirements related to sustainability reporting have been adopted in the EU that, due to our revenues and employee headcounts in the EU, apply or may apply to us when effective, including the EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), EU Taxonomy, and the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). The EU’s CSRD introduces new compliance requirements that may impact our operations and financial reporting. The CSRD mandates detailed reporting on environmental, social, and governance factors, and requires an audit (assurance) of the reported information. Potential risks include increased compliance costs, operational challenges in data collection, reputational risk, and market access impacts. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 22Xerox 2024 Annual Report 22
Risks Related to our Pending Acquisition of Lexmark The Lexmark acquisition may not be completed and the equity purchase agreement may be terminated in accordance with its terms. The closing of our acquisition of Lexmark remains subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and the approval of the shareholders of Ninestar Corporation, a shareholder of the seller. These conditions to the completion of the transaction, some of which are beyond the control of us and/or Lexmark, may not be satisfied or waived in a timely manner or at all; accordingly, the Lexmark acquisition may be delayed or not completed. Additionally, either we or Lexmark may terminate the equity purchase agreement under certain circumstances, subject to the payment of a “termination fee” in certain cases, including if the acquisition does not occur as a result of the failure to obtain the consent of the shareholders of Ninestar Corporation. In such circumstances, and subject to certain other conditions, Lexmark is required to reimburse us (in the case of failure to obtain consent from the shareholders of Ninestar Corporation), and we are required to reimburse Lexmark (in the case of our failure to obtain certain regulatory approvals) for up to $30 million of documented out-of-pocket expenses. The Lexmark acquisition may present certain risks to our business and operations prior to the closing and, if consummated, after the closing. • Our business and operations are subject to various risks related to the Lexmark acquisition prior to closing, including: • our operations may be restricted by the terms of the equity purchase agreement, which may cause us to forgo otherwise beneficial business opportunities; • the proposed transaction may disrupt our current business plans and operations; • our management’s attention may be directed toward the completion of the Lexmark acquisition and diverted away from our day-to-day business operations; • legal proceedings may be instituted against us, Lexmark or others following announcement of the proposed transaction; • we may incur significantly higher transaction costs than we currently anticipate, such as legal, financing and accounting fees, and other costs, fees, expenses and charges related to the Lexmark acquisition, whether or not the transaction is completed; and • the Lexmark acquisition may not be completed, which may have an adverse effect on our stock price and future business and financial results. In addition, in the event the Lexmark acquisition is consummated, certain risks may continue to exist after the closing of the Lexmark acquisition, including, among other things, risks that: • the future results of the combined company will suffer if the combined company does not effectively manage its operations following the closing of the transaction; • the parties may fail to successfully combine the businesses in a manner that permits the combined company to realize the benefits of the proposed transaction, including operational and financial opportunities and cost synergies; • Lexmark’s liabilities and/or contractual or other obligations could be greater than expected; and • we may not be able to successfully integrate Lexmark’s business with our business on a timely basis. We will incur a substantial amount of indebtedness in connection with the financing of the Lexmark Acquisition. We expect to finance the Lexmark Acquisition by incurring third-party indebtedness and issuing notes. We face risks associated with increases in overall indebtedness. We cannot guarantee that the combined business will be able to generate sufficient cash flow to service and repay this indebtedness, or that we will be able to refinance such indebtedness on favorable terms, or at all. If we are unable to service our indebtedness and fund our operations, we may be forced to, among other things, reduce or delay capital expenditures, seek additional capital, sell assets, or refinance our indebtedness. Any such action may not be successful, and we may be unable to service such indebtedness. Any of the above risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation, cash flows and/or stock price. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 23Xerox 2024 Annual Report 23
General Risk Factors Our business, results of operations and financial condition may be negatively impacted by legal and regulatory matters. We have various contingent liabilities that are not reflected on our balance sheet, including those arising as a result of being involved in a variety of claims, lawsuits, investigations, and proceedings including as discussed in Note 20 - Contingencies and Litigation in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Should developments in any of these matters cause a change in our determination as to an unfavorable outcome and result in the need to recognize a material accrual or materially increase an existing accrual, or should any of these matters result in a final adverse judgment or be settled for significant amounts above any existing accruals, it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position in the period or periods in which such change in determination, judgment or settlement occurs. Due to the international scope of our operations, we are subject to a complex system of commercial and trade regulations around the world. With respect to the war in Ukraine, in the first quarter 2022, we halted shipments to Russia and Belarus when sanctions were imposed, and we completed the sale of all Russian operations in 2023. Recent years have seen an increase in the development and enforcement of laws regarding trade compliance and anti-corruption, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar laws from other countries. Our numerous foreign subsidiaries, affiliates and joint venture partners are governed by laws, rules and business practices that differ from those of the U.S. The activities of these entities may not comply with U.S. or foreign laws or business practices or our Code of Business Conduct. Violations of these laws may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, could disrupt our business, and result in an adverse effect on our reputation, business and results of operations or financial condition. We cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our operations might be subject, our compliance with such requirements, or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted. Our failure to maintain an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting, could adversely affect our ability to accurately report our results. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in our internal control over financial reporting that results in a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and deter and detect any material fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent material fraud, our reputation and operating results would be harmed. We maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, as further described in Part II “Item 9A—Controls and Procedures.” Our efforts to develop and maintain our internal controls and to remediate any material weaknesses in our controls may not be successful, and we may be unable to maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future, including future compliance with the obligations under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, including those related to acquired businesses, or other effective improvement of our internal controls could harm our operating results. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None Item 1C. Cybersecurity Risk Management Strategy Xerox Holdings maintains a cyber risk management program designed to identify, assess, manage, mitigate, and respond to cybersecurity threats. This program is integrated within the Company’s enterprise risk management system and addresses both the corporate information technology environment and customer-facing products and services. The underlying controls of the cyber risk management program are based on recognized leading practices and standards for cybersecurity and information technology, including the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 27001 Information Security Management System Requirements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 24Xerox 2024 Annual Report 24
The risk management program is primarily focused on safeguarding the organization's digital assets, ensuring continuous business operations, and minimizing the potential impact of cyber threats. The structured risk management process is designed to comprehensively identify and assess risks, implement effective mitigation and remediation strategies, enhance overall cybersecurity resilience, and provide transparent reporting. Continuous risk assessments are conducted through internal evaluations and routine engagements with independent third-party security services organizations to systematically identify, prioritize and manage information security risks. Subsequently, risk mitigation strategies are developed and executed to address and remediate identified risks effectively through new cybersecurity initiatives and ongoing enhancements to the cybersecurity program. Regular audits and assessments, including penetration tests and attack simulations, are performed both internally and through independent third-party consultants, and internal auditors evaluate the operational effectiveness of cybersecurity controls and risk management measures. These inputs form the basis of a risk register that is integrated into the overall enterprise risk management program to further inform the Company's strategy assessing the likelihood, impact, and velocity of these risks on a forward-looking, multi-year mitigated basis. A formal process exists grounded in the enterprise risk management program where material risks, interdependencies, and the associated remediation plans that are tracked to completion at a minimum on a monthly basis are presented and discussed cross-functionally. In addition to the normal discourse on emerging risks, a focused drill down into cybersecurity risk is presented annually at the enterprise risk steering committee meeting. All employees and contractors play an important role in protecting the organization from cyber threats. We have implemented a formal cybersecurity training and awareness program that includes mandatory annual information security training and continuous education through various enterprise collaboration platforms. Our Cyber Defense team plays an important role in implementing our protection, detection, and response capabilities. Security incidents are evaluated, ranked by severity and prioritized for response and remediation. Our incident response process outlines actions required to triage, analyze, contain, remediate, and safely recover from cybersecurity incidents. Our incident response program ensures management is informed and involved in monitoring and addressing security and privacy incidents. The program uses a coordinated escalation model to engage relevant management and Board members as needed. It includes regular training and simulations for preparedness, with periodic updates to the Board on the program’s status and significant incidents, ensuring robust oversight and governance. Security incidents are evaluated to determine materiality as well as operational and business impacts and are reviewed for privacy impacts. Xerox Holdings has established a structured third-party risk management program, with a primary focus on assessing and mitigating potential cyber risks linked to external vendors and partners who have access to the organization's digital assets or play a role in storing and processing data. This also extends to the software supply chain supporting our products and services. A thorough due diligence process is conducted on all prospective third parties to evaluate their overall security posture and alignment with Xerox Holdings' organizational standards. Additionally, ongoing assessments are regularly conducted on selected existing vendors and partners to confirm their continuous compliance with Xerox Holdings' cybersecurity standards and policies. Where applicable, we also include security and data privacy addendums in our third-party contracts. Xerox Holdings also engages with external managed security service providers to support certain day-to-day operational activities in addition to in- house cybersecurity staff as part of the cybersecurity program. To date, no cybersecurity incident has resulted in any material impact on our business, operations or financial results or our ability to service our customers or run our business. We maintain insurance coverage designed to mitigate our exposure to network security and privacy matters. Refer to Item 1A Risk Factors for additional discussion of risks associated with cybersecurity threats to the Company. Governance Xerox Holdings' Cybersecurity organization is a global organization and is dedicated to protecting its infrastructure, information, and digital assets. It is responsible for establishing appropriate security policies, safeguards and controls to prevent, detect and respond to cyber threats, meet regulatory and compliance requirements, secure Xerox Holdings' intellectual property, products and services, and supply chain in collaboration with business, product, and IT partners. The information security organization is led by the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) who reports to the Chief Administrative Officer and Global Head of Operations. With more than twenty years of experience in security, the CISO began his security career serving in the United States Marine Corps (USMC), leading physical security and executive protection for Marine One. He subsequently led cybersecurity programs for U.S. Cyber Command and the Pentagon, advised Fortune 500 clients on cybersecurity and crisis response matters as an Advisory Director at PwC, and has held positions as CISO or Deputy CISO for public and private companies. The CISO is currently pursuing a Master of Business Administration (MBA), and is a Certified Information Systems Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 25Xerox 2024 Annual Report 25
Security Professional (CISSP) and Certified Information Security Manager (CISM). He has extensive experience in multiple security domains, including security operations, incident detection and response, security architecture, identity and access management, cloud security, vulnerability and threat management, application/product security, policy, and compliance. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors provides governance and oversight of the cybersecurity program and approves the information security program annually. Regular updates are presented to the Audit Committee by the CISO on the current state of the cybersecurity program, providing transparency including progress on initiatives, operational and compliance metrics, risks, cybersecurity and data privacy incidents (if any), and appropriate remediation actions. The outcomes of these cross-functional risk discussions noted above, are submitted quarterly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors also considers cybersecurity topics on an ad hoc basis where appropriate, including for purposes of receiving briefings on developments in cybersecurity or cybersecurity incidents and assessing and managing potentially material risks arising from cybersecurity threats. There are two committees comprised of Company leadership, including the enterprise risk management steering committee, which meets monthly, and the Xerox Holdings management audit committee, which meets at least quarterly, to discuss the current operational and security compliance metrics, cybersecurity incidents, and risks. Item 2. Properties We own or lease several manufacturing, engineering and research facilities. Our principal owned manufacturing and engineering facilities are located in New York, Oklahoma, Oregon and Ireland, and our principal owned research facility is located in New York. Our Corporate Headquarters is a leased facility located in Norwalk, Connecticut. In 2024, we owned or leased facilities globally which include general offices, sales offices, service locations, data centers, call centers, manufacturing facilities, warehouses and distribution centers. The size of our property portfolio at December 31, 2024 was approximately 9.8 million square feet, which was comprised of 242 leased facilities and 10 owned properties with 58 buildings (of which 45 are located on our Webster, New York campus). We occupied approximately 8.1 million square feet, 1.6 million square feet were surplus, and approximately 61 thousand square feet was sublet to third parties. It is our opinion that our properties have been well maintained, are in sound operating condition and contain all the necessary equipment and facilities to perform their functions. Our properties are primarily managed by, and are in support of, the Print and Other segment. The XFS segment does share in the use of certain facilities for which they are allocated occupancy costs. We believe that our current facilities are suitable and adequate for our current businesses. Refer to Note 11 - Lessee in the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information regarding our leased assets. Item 3. Legal Proceedings We are engaged in numerous legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business (for example, proceedings relating to employment matters or the initiation or defense of proceedings relating to intellectual property rights), and while there can be no assurance, we believe that the ultimate outcome of these other legal actions will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 26Xerox 2024 Annual Report 26
Part II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Corporate Information Stock Exchange Information Xerox Holdings Corporation's common stock (XRX) is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. There is no established public trading market for Xerox Corporation's common stock, as all of the outstanding Xerox common stock is held solely by Xerox Holdings. Common Shareholders of Record As of December 31, 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation had approximately 17,571 shareholders of record. Dividends For additional information regarding dividends, refer to Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis and Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Xerox Holdings Corporation Statement of Shareholders' Equity, which is incorporated herein by reference. Performance Graph(1) Comparison of Cumulative Five-Year Total Return Xerox Holdings Corporation S&P 600 Index S&P 600 Information Technology Index 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 Total Return to Shareholders Year Ended December 31, 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 100.00 $ 66.39 $ 67.70 $ 46.50 $ 62.22 $ 31.22 S&P 600 Index 100.00 111.29 141.13 118.41 137.42 149.37 S&P 600 Information Technology Index 100.00 127.81 162.12 125.86 152.23 151.00 _____________ Source: Standard & Poor's Investment Services (1) Graph assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2019 in Xerox Holdings, S&P 600 Index and the S&P 600 Information Technology Index, respectively, and assumes dividends are reinvested. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 27Xerox 2024 Annual Report 27
Sales Of Unregistered Securities During the Quarter Ended December 31, 2024 There were no unregistered sales of securities for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities During the Quarter Ended December 31, 2024 There were no repurchases of Xerox Holdings Corporation's Common Stock for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 pursuant to share repurchase programs authorized by Xerox Holdings' Board of Directors. Repurchases Related to Stock Compensation Programs(1): Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share(2) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs October 1 through 31 7,073 $ 10.31 n/a n/a November 1 through 30 38,303 8.39 n/a n/a December 1 through 31 — — n/a n/a Total 45,376 _____________ (1) These repurchases are made under a provision in our restricted stock compensation programs for the indirect repurchase of shares through a net-settlement feature upon the vesting of shares in order to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements. (2) Exclusive of fees and expenses. Item 6. [Reserved] Information pertaining to Item 6 is not presented in accordance with amendments to Item 301 of Regulation S-K. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 28Xerox 2024 Annual Report 28
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Throughout the Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) that follows, references to "Xerox Holdings" refer to Xerox Holdings Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, while references to "Xerox" refer to Xerox Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries or Xerox Holdings Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, as determined by the context. References herein to “we,” "us," “our,” or the “Company,” refer collectively to both Xerox Holdings and Xerox unless the context suggests otherwise. References to “Xerox Holdings Corporation” refer to the stand-alone parent company and do not include its subsidiaries. References to “Xerox Corporation” refer to the stand-alone company and do not include its subsidiaries. Xerox Holdings' primary direct operating subsidiary is Xerox and Xerox reflects nearly all of Xerox Holdings' operations. Accordingly, the following MD&A primarily focuses on the operations of Xerox and is intended to help the reader understand Xerox's business and its results of operations and financial condition. Throughout this combined Form 10-K, references are made to various notes in the Consolidated Financial Statements which appear in Part II, Item 8 of this combined Form 10-K, and the information contained in such notes is incorporated by reference into the MD&A in the places where such references are made. Xerox Holdings' other direct subsidiary is Xerox Ventures LLC, which was established in 2021 solely to invest in startups and early/mid-stage growth companies aligned with the Company’s innovation focus areas and targeted adjacencies. The investments are primarily equity or equity-linked securities and for less than 20% ownership. Xerox Ventures LLC had investments of approximately $40 million and $26 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In January 2024, Myriad Ventures Fund I LP was established, and the investments held by Xerox Ventures LLC were transferred to this new entity, which will continue to be fully consolidated by Xerox Holdings. Due to its immaterial impact to earnings and the balance sheet, and for ease of discussion, Xerox Ventures LLC's results are included within the following discussion. Executive Overview 2024 was the second year of our Reinvention. Reinvention is a multi-year strategy designed to transform the way Xerox operates. Its objectives are to strengthen our core business and improve financial flexibility to enable investments in solutions, initiatives, and capabilities that will position Xerox to deliver long-term, sustainable growth in revenue and profits. Total revenue for full year 2024 of $6.2 billion decreased 9.7% reflecting a 0.7-percentage point benefit from acquisitions, as well as a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact from currency. Recent Changes and Developments In January 2024, we implemented a significant reorganization of our business, including the adoption of a business unit-led operating model, the re-alignment of our sales organization and the establishment of a Global Business Services (GBS) organization to centralize key business processes and enable enterprise-wide efficiencies and productivity gains. These changes brought closer alignment between our sales, marketing and offering teams and the economic buyers of our products and services, improved operating efficiency and positioned the Company to acquire and integrate ITsavvy and Lexmark, two transactions we expect will accelerate our Reinvention by diversifying our mix of revenue and further strengthening our core businesses. The focus of our Reinvention efforts in 2024 was threefold: Geographic Simplification, Operational Simplification, and Commercial Optimization & Growth. We made significant progress across each priority. • Geographic Simplification: – Replaced direct-to-end-customer with partner-led distribution models in Latin America and parts of Europe • Operational Simplification – Implemented business-unit led operating model – Established GBS – Achieved gross savings target of more than $200 million in 2024 – Restructured commercial arrangements with technology and Business Process Outsourcing Partners to create flexibility and mutually aligned incentives to reduce operating costs • Commercial Optimization and Growth: – Stopped manufacturing certain High-End production equipment to focus on Production submarkets with higher growth and return profiles – Deployed A.I.-enabled pricing tools and revamped sales territory coverage Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 29Xerox 2024 Annual Report 29
– Closed the acquisition of ITsavvy, immediately enhancing Xerox’s IT Solutions offering and expanding Total Addressable Market (TAM) of Xerox's offerings – Announced pending acquisition of Lexmark, providing greater exposure to growing Print markets Refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our acquisitions and divestitures. Goodwill Impairment During the third quarter 2024, we identified events and conditions that required a quantitative assessment of Goodwill, as operating results for the quarter, as well as updated forecasts for the full year, were below previous forecasts. In addition, during 2024, the Company experienced a decline in its stock price and market capitalization, which became significant and sustained during the third quarter. After completing our quantitative impairment test, we concluded that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit (the only reporting unit with Goodwill) had declined below its carrying value and we recognized an after-tax, non-cash impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax) related to our Goodwill in the third quarter 2024. Business Overview With annual revenues of approximately $6.2 billion, we are a leading global provider of digital print technology and related services, software and solutions. Our primary offerings span four main areas: Workplace Solutions, Production Solutions, Xerox Services, and Xerox Financial Services (XFS). • Workplace Solutions is comprised of two strategic product groups, Entry and Mid-Range, much of which share common solutions, apps and ConnectKey® software. Workplace Solutions revenues include the sale of products (captured primarily as equipment sales) as well as software, supplies and the associated technical service and financing of those products through XFS (captured as post sale revenue). • Production Solutions are designed for customers in the graphic communications, in-plant and production print environments with high-volume printing requirements. Our broad portfolio of presses and solutions provides black-and-white and full-color, as well as on-demand printing across a wide range of applications. • Xerox® Services includes a continuum of solutions and services that helps our customers optimize their physical print and digital information infrastructures, apply automation and simplification to maximize productivity, and ensure the highest levels of security. Our primary offerings in this area are Managed Print Services1 (MPS), IT Solutions, Capture & Content Services (CCS) and Customer Engagement Services (CES). CCS and CES encompass a range of Digital Services that leverage our software capabilities in Workflow Automation, Personalization and Communication Software, Content Management Solutions, and Digitization Services. • XFS is a global financing solutions business and currently offers financing for direct channel customer purchases of Xerox equipment and solutions through bundled lease agreements and lease financing to end- user customers who purchase Xerox equipment and solutions through our indirect channels. Headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut, with approximately 16,800 employees, Xerox serves customers globally in North America, Latin America, Brazil, Europe, Eurasia, the Middle East, Africa and India. We have a broad and diverse base of customers by both geography and industry, ranging from small and mid-sized clients to printing production companies, governmental entities, educational institutions and Fortune 1000 corporations. Our business does not depend upon a single customer, or a few customers. The loss of a single customer would not have a material adverse effect on our business. In 2024, approximately 45% of our revenue was generated outside the United States. Post-sale Based Business Model In 2024, 78% of our total revenue was post-sale-based, is comprised, in part, of managed print services1, supplies and financing. These revenue streams generally follow equipment placements and provide stability to our revenue and cash flows. Key indicators of future post sale revenue include installs of printers and multifunction devices, the number and type of machines in the field (MIF), page volumes, revenue per page, and the type and nature of related software and ancillary services provided to customers. Post sale revenue also includes revenues from IT Solutions, comprised of IT hardware and associated services revenues, Digital services, as well as gains, commissions, and servicing revenue associated with the sale of finance receivables. _____________ (1) Previously known as contractual print services, and includes revenues from service, maintenance and rentals. IT solutions and digital services are not included in managed print services. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 30Xerox 2024 Annual Report 30
Financial Overview Total revenue of $6.2 billion in 2024 decreased 9.7% and included a 0.7-percentage point benefit from acquisitions, as well as a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact from currency. 2024 total revenue reflected a decrease in Post sale revenue of 7.4%, which included a 0.9-percentage point benefit from acquisitions, as well as a 0.1-percentage point adverse impact from currency. Equipment sales revenue decreased 16.7% and included a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact from currency. Net (loss) income was as follows: Year Ended December 31, B/(W) (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 Net (loss) income $ (1,321) $ 1 $ (322) $ (1,322) $ 323 Adjusted(1) Net income 135 287 189 (152) 98 Net loss for 2024 of $(1,321) million declined by $1,322 million as compared to Net income of $1 million in 2023. The decrease in Net income primarily reflects the after-tax Goodwill impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax) in 2024, as well as lower revenue and gross profit, higher Income tax expense, higher Other expenses, net, which includes the impacts of higher non-service retirement-related costs, the impact of Divestitures, and higher Amortization of intangible assets. These negative impacts were partially offset by lower Selling, administrative and general expenses, Restructuring and related expenses, net, and Research, development and engineering expenses, as well as the favorable impact to the current year resulting from the after-tax PARC donation charge of $92 million ($132 million pre-tax) during 2023. Adjusted1 net income for 2024 of $135 million decreased $152 million as compared to 2023 primarily reflecting lower revenue and gross profit, as well as higher Other expenses, net. These negative impacts were partially offset by lower Selling, administrative and general expenses, and lower Research, development and engineering expenses. _____________ (1) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section for an explanation of this non-GAAP financial measure. A summary of our segment information is as follows: Year Ended December 31, % Change % of Total (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2024 2023 Revenue Print and Other $ 5,935 $ 6,571 $ 6,804 (9.7) % (3.4) % 95 % 95 % XFS 357 401 393 (11.0) % 2.0 % 6 % 6 % Intersegment Elimination(1) (71) (86) (90) (17.4) % (4.4) % (1) % (1) % Total Revenue $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 (9.7) % (3.1) % 100 % 100 % Expenses Print and Other $ 5,667 $ 6,211 $ 6,546 (8.8) % (5.1) % 96 % 95 % XFS 323 372 376 (13.2) % (1.1) % 5 % 6 % Intersegment Elimination(1) (71) (86) (90) (17.4) % (4.4) % (1) % (1) % Segment Expenses $ 5,919 $ 6,497 $ 6,832 (8.9) % (4.9) % 100 % 100 % Profit Print and Other $ 268 $ 360 $ 258 (25.6) % 39.5 % 89 % 93 % XFS 34 29 17 17.2 % 70.6 % 11 % 7 % Total Profit $ 302 $ 389 $ 275 (22.4) % 41.5 % 100 % 100 % _____________ (1) Intersegment revenue primarily reflect commissions and other payments, made by the XFS segment to the Print and Other segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements, while Intersegment expense primarily reflect origination fees and commissions made by the Print and Other Segment to the XFS Segment who lease Xerox equipment to 3rd parties. Cash from operating activities was $511 million in 2024 as compared to $686 million in 2023. The decrease of $175 million was primarily related to lower net income as well as higher payments for accrued compensation, pension contributions, and restructuring, partially offset by net proceeds of approximately $752 million from the on-going sales of finance receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement, as well as lower finance receivable originations, and improvements in cash for working capital1. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 31Xerox 2024 Annual Report 31
Cash used in investing activities was $198 million in 2024 as compared to $5 million in 2023. 2024 primarily reflected the acquisition of ITsavvy, as well as capital expenditures of $44 million, $11 million related to the impact of the deconsolidation of an entity that is now accounted for using the equity method of accounting, and $16 million for investments in noncontrolling interests, all of which was partially offset by net cash proceeds of approximately $20 million from the sale of assets, and $7 million from the sales of our business operations in Argentina and Chile. Cash used in financing activities was $271 million in 2024 as compared to $1,202 million in 2023. 2024 primarily reflected net payments of approximately $658 million on Senior Notes due in 2024 and 2025, $282 million on secured financing arrangements, $18 million for debt issuance costs, and $28 million on the Term Loan B facility. Partially offsetting payments on debt were proceeds from the issuance of Senior Notes during first quarter 2024 of approximately $900 million. Dividend payments were $141 million and purchases of capped calls were $23 million in connection with the issuance of Convertible Senior Notes. _____________ (1) Working capital, net reflects Accounts receivable, net, Inventories and Accounts payable. 2025 Outlook In 2025, we expect total Revenue to grow low single-digits in constant currency1, inclusive of a full year of revenue associated with the recent ITsavvy acquisition. Revenue guidance includes approximately 400 basis points of headwinds associated with ongoing Reinvention actions, including the flow through of geographic simplification actions, reductions in High End equipment sales associated with our decision to stop manufacturing High End Production print equipment, the sale of our European paper business and the continued reduction of XFS revenue associated with a declining finance receivable portfolio. Core, organic revenue is expected to decline, but at a lower rate than we experienced in 2024. An improved core, organic revenue trajectory is expected to be driven primarily by market share gains in equipment, and growth in Digital Services and legacy IT Solutions. In 2025, adjusted1 operating income margin is expected to be at least 5.0%. The slight year-over-year improvement reflects incremental gross cost savings, partially offset by higher product costs. We expect Operating cash flows to be between $420 million and $470 million in 2025. The year-over-year decline in operating cash is primarily due to lower finance receivables forward flow benefits, partially offset by improved adjusted1 operating income and working capital. Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $70 million. _____________ (1) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section for an explanation of this non-GAAP financial measure. Currency Impact To understand the trends in the business, we believe that it is helpful to analyze the impact of changes in the translation of foreign currencies into U.S. Dollars on revenue and expenses. We refer to this analysis as "constant currency", “currency impact” or “the impact from currency.” This impact is calculated by translating current period activity in local currency using the comparable prior year period's currency translation rate. This impact is calculated for all countries where the functional currency is the local country currency. We do not hedge the translation effect of revenues or expenses denominated in currencies where the local currency is the functional currency. Management believes the constant currency measure provides investors an additional perspective on revenue trends. Currency impact can be determined as the difference between actual growth rates and constant currency growth rates. Approximately 45% of our consolidated revenues during 2024 and 2023, respectively, are derived from operations outside of the U.S. where the U.S. Dollar is normally not the functional currency. As a result, foreign currency translation had a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact on revenue in 2024 and a 0.2-percentage point favorable impact on revenue in 2023. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 32Xerox 2024 Annual Report 32
Critical Accounting Estimates In preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements and accounting for the underlying transactions and balances, we apply various accounting policies. Senior management has discussed the development and selection of the critical accounting policies, estimates and related disclosures included herein with the Audit Committee of the Xerox Holdings Board of Directors. We consider the policies discussed below as critical to understanding our Consolidated Financial Statements, as their application places the most significant demands on management's judgment, since financial reporting results rely on estimates of the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. In instances where different estimates could have reasonably been used, we disclosed the impact of these different estimates on our operations. In certain instances, such as revenue recognition for leases, the accounting rules are prescriptive; therefore, it would not have been possible to reasonably use different estimates. Changes in assumptions and estimates are reflected in the period in which they occur. The impact of such changes could be material to our results of operations and financial condition in any quarterly or annual period. Specific risks associated with these critical accounting estimates are discussed throughout the MD&A, where such policies affect our reported and expected financial results. For a detailed discussion of the application of these and other accounting policies, refer to Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Revenue Recognition Application of the various accounting principles in GAAP related to the measurement and recognition of revenue requires us to make judgments and estimates including ASC Topic 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers and ASC Topic 842 Leases. Refer to Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our revenue recognition and lease revenue recognition policies. Complex arrangements with nonstandard terms and conditions may require significant contract interpretation to determine the appropriate accounting. Specifically, the revenue related to the following areas involves significant judgments and estimates: Bundled Lease Arrangements: We sell our equipment direct to end customers under bundled lease arrangements, which typically include the equipment, service, supplies and a financing component for which the customer pays a single negotiated fixed minimum monthly payment for all elements over the contractual lease term. These arrangements also typically include an incremental, variable component for page volumes in excess of the contractual page volume minimums, which are often expressed in terms of price-per-image or page. Lease deliverables include the equipment and financing, while the non-lease deliverables generally consist of the services, which include supplies. Sales made under bundled lease arrangements directly to end customers comprise 51% or $706 million of our equipment sales revenue. Revenues under these bundled lease arrangements are allocated considering the relative standalone selling prices of the lease and non-lease deliverables included in the bundled arrangement. The allocation of revenue among the elements – equipment versus post sale (service, supplies and financing) – has remained fairly consistent. Sales to Distributors and Resellers: We utilize distributors and resellers to sell many of our products, supplies and parts to end-user customers. Sales to distributors and resellers are generally recognized as revenue when products are shipped to such distributors and resellers. Distributors and resellers participate in various discount, rebate, price-support, cooperative marketing and other programs, and we record provisions and allowances for these programs as a reduction to revenue when the sales occur. Similarly, we also record estimates for sales returns and other discounts and allowances when the sales occur. We consider various factors, including a review of specific transactions and programs, historical experience and market and economic conditions when calculating these provisions and allowances. Total sales of equipment, supplies and parts to distributors and resellers were $973 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and provisions, and allowances recorded on these sales were approximately 26% of the associated gross revenues. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Credit Losses The allowance for doubtful accounts and credit losses is based on an assessment of historical collection experience as well as consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in our customer-specific collection trends. Our methodology includes an expected loss model that incorporates an assessment of current and future economic conditions. We recorded bad debt provisions of $42 million, $28 million and $43 million in Selling, administrative and general (SAG) expenses in our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The reserves, as a percentage of trade and finance receivables, were 4.7% at Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 33Xerox 2024 Annual Report 33
December 31, 2024, as compared to 4.4% and 4.1% at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We continue to assess our receivables portfolio in light of the current macroeconomic environment and its impact on our estimation of the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. In 2024, we recorded approximately $8 million of reserve reversals related to our finance receivable provision, primarily due to the additional write-offs of two large customer receivable balances in Canada. In 2023, we recorded approximately $12 million of reserve reversals related to our finance receivable provision, primarily related to a reserve release in the U.S. due to the favorable reassessment of the credit exposure on a large customer receivable balance after a contract amendment, which improved our credit position. During the five-year period ended December 31, 2024, our reserve for doubtful accounts ranged from 4.1% to 4.8% of gross receivables. Holding all assumptions constant, a 0.5-percentage point increase or decrease in the reserve from the December 31, 2024 rate of 4.7% would change the 2024 provision by approximately $13 million. Refer to Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Note 7 - Accounts Receivable, Net and Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our policy with respect to the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Credit Losses. Pension Plan Assumptions We sponsor defined benefit pension plans in various forms in several countries covering employees who meet eligibility requirements. Where legally possible, we have amended our major defined benefit pension plans to freeze current benefits and eliminate benefit accruals for future service, including our U.S. defined benefit plans, the Canadian Salary Pension Plan and the U.K. Final Salary Pension Plan. In certain non-U.S. plans, we are required to continue to consider salary increases and inflation in determining the benefit obligation related to past service. Our pension plan in the Netherlands for past service is a Collective Defined Contribution (CDC) plan with future service benefits provided in a defined contribution plan for 2023 and later years. From a Company risk perspective, this CDC plan operates just like a defined contribution plan as the Company was only responsible for a contribution for annual benefit accruals under 5-year agreements through 2022. Although the Company risk has been mitigated, under U.S. GAAP this CDC plan does not meet the definition of a defined contribution plan and therefore is accounted for as a defined benefit plan. In December 2023, the Trustees for the U.K. pension plan entered a second insurance buy-in contract, in accordance with U.K. pension regulations. The insurance buy-in contract is a group annuity contract that is expected to provide an income stream to cover a significant majority of the cash flows arising for the plan population with future contracted payments. However, the benefit obligation remains with the plan and the Company. This arrangement further mitigates the Company's risk associated with these obligations. Several statistical and other factors that attempt to anticipate future events are used in calculating the expense, liability and to project asset values related to our defined benefit pension plans. These factors include assumptions we make about the expected return on plan assets, discount rate, lump-sum settlement rates, the rate of future compensation increases and mortality. Differences between these assumptions and actual experiences are reported as net actuarial gains and losses and are subject to amortization to net periodic benefit cost over future periods. Cumulative net actuarial losses for our defined benefit pension plans of $2.1 billion as of December 31, 2024 decreased by $177 million from December 31, 2023, primarily due to the impact of higher discount rates and the resultant decrease of the Projected Benefit Obligation (PBO), the amortization of actuarial losses, and U.S. settlement losses, as well as the impact of favorable currency, partially offset by the loss from actual returns. The total actuarial loss at December 31, 2024 is subject to offsetting gains or losses in the future due to both changes in actuarial assumptions and future experience and will be recognized in future periods through amortization or settlement losses. We used a consolidated weighted average expected rate of return on plan assets of 5.2% for 2024, 5.2% for 2023 and 3.9% for 2022, on a worldwide basis. During 2024, the actual return on plan assets was a loss of $98 million as compared to an expected return of $264 million, with the difference primarily due to lower returns than expected for fixed income holdings, most notably in the U.S. Plans, and for the group annuity contracts held in our U.K. Plan due to rising interest rates. When estimating the 2025 expected rate of return, in addition to assessing recent performance, we considered the historical returns earned on plan assets, the rates of return expected in the future, particularly in light of current economic conditions, and our investment strategy and mix with respect to the plans' assets. The weighted average expected rate of return on plan assets we will use in 2025 is 5.6% which is 0.4% higher as compared to 2024, as a result of the increase in yields on fixed income investments. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 34Xerox 2024 Annual Report 34
Another significant assumption affecting our defined benefit pension obligations and the net periodic benefit cost is the rate that we use to discount our future anticipated benefit obligations. In the U.S. and the U.K., which comprise approximately 75% of our PBO, we consider yield curves derived from Moody's Aa or better rated Corporate Bonds and U.K. Corporate bonds rated AA by at least one of the main ratings agencies, respectively, in the determination of the appropriate discount rate assumptions. The consolidated weighted average discount rate we used to measure our pension obligations as of December 31, 2024 and to calculate our 2025 expense was 4.9%; the rate used to calculate our obligations as of December 31, 2023 and our 2024 expense was 4.4%. The increase reflects higher interest rates in both the U.S. and non-U.S. regions. Holding all other assumptions constant, the following table summarizes the estimated impacts of a 0.25% change in the discount rate and a 0.25% change in the expected return on plan assets: Discount Rate Expected Return (in millions) 0.25% Increase 0.25% Decrease 0.25% Increase 0.25% Decrease (Decrease)/Increase 2025 Projected net periodic pension cost $ (2) $ 3 $ (14) $ 14 Projected benefit obligation as of December 31, 2024 (75) 80 N/A N/A One of the most significant elements of our net periodic defined benefit pension plan expense was settlement losses. Our primary domestic plans allow participants the option of settling their vested benefits through the receipt of a lump-sum payment. We recognize the losses associated with these settlements immediately upon the settlement of the vested benefits. Settlement accounting requires us to recognize a pro-rata portion of the aggregate unamortized net actuarial losses upon settlement. The pro-rata factor is computed as the percentage reduction in the projected benefit obligation due to the settlement of a participants' vested benefits. Settlement accounting is only applied when the event of settlement occurs - i.e., the lump-sum payment is made. Since settlement is dependent on an employee's decision and election, the level of settlements and the associated losses can fluctuate significantly from period to period. During 2024, lump-sums under the U.S. primary domestic plans became limited to less than the full benefit obligation, and as a result, settlement expense for 2024 was less than historic levels. During the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, U.S. plan settlements were approximately $20 million, $70 million and $240 million, respectively, and the associated settlement losses on those plan settlements were $5 million, $19 million and $56 million, respectively. The following is a summary of our benefit plan expenses for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, as well as estimated amounts for 2025: Estimated Actual (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 2022 Defined benefit pension plans(1)(2) $ 85 $ 104 $ 41 $ 9 Defined contribution plans 35 40 40 37 Retiree health benefit plans (20) (18) (16) (3) Total Benefit Plan Expense $ 100 $ 126 $ 65 $ 43 ____________ (1) The increase in 2024 expense is primarily due to an increase in actuarial losses subject to amortization and the resultant increase in the amortization of these prior period losses. (2) Includes settlement expense of $5 million, $19 million and $56 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following is a summary of our benefit plan funding for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, as well as estimated amounts for 2025: Estimated Actual (in millions) 2025 2024 2023 2022 U.S. Defined benefit pension plans $ 110 $ 100 $ 53 $ 24 Non-U.S. Defined benefit pension plans 30 27 28 81 Defined contribution plans(1) 35 40 40 17 Retiree health benefit plans 20 18 21 19 Total Benefit Plan Funding $ 195 $ 185 $ 142 $ 141 ____________ (1) The difference of $20 million between the 2022 funded amount of $17 million and the 2022 expense of $37 million is due to employer matching contributions for our U.S. based 401(k) savings plans for salaried employees being expensed in 2022 as earned and contributed in January of 2023. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 35Xerox 2024 Annual Report 35
Approximately $77 million of the U.S. pension contributions in 2024 were for our tax-qualified defined benefit plans. Approximately $85 million of estimated U.S. pension contributions for 2025 are for our tax-qualified defined benefit plans. However, once the next actuarial valuations and projected results are available, actual contributions required to meet minimum funding requirements will be determined and finalized and may change from the current estimate. The decrease in non-U.S. Defined benefit pension plan contributions in 2023 is due to no further contributions to our U.K. defined benefit pension plan being required after October 2022 following agreement of the triennial valuation of the Plan with the Plan Trustees. Refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding defined benefit pension plan assumptions, expense and funding. Income Taxes We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments are required in determining the consolidated provision for income taxes. Our provision is based on nonrecurring events as well as recurring factors, including the taxation of foreign income. In addition, our provision will change based on discrete or other nonrecurring events such as audit settlements, tax law changes, changes in valuation allowances, etc., that may not be predictable. We record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and the amounts reported in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are assessed for realizability and, where applicable, a valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the total deferred tax asset to an amount that will, more-likely-than-not, be realized in the future. We apply judgment in assessing the realizability of these deferred tax assets and the need for any valuation allowances. In determining the amount of deferred tax assets that are more-likely-than-not to be realized, we consider historical profitability, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and tax planning strategies. Refer to Note 19 - Income and Other Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. Due to the lower-than-expected actual results for the third quarter 2024 combined with the lower-than-expected forecast for full-year results, a valuation allowance of approximately $161 million was recorded, primarily related to certain deferred tax assets in a non-U.S. tax jurisdiction, as we concluded that it is more-likely-than-not that those deferred tax assets will not be realized in the ordinary course of operations. This assessment was based on the available positive and negative evidence at September 30, 2024, including scheduling of deferred tax liabilities and projected income from operating activities. The amount of the net deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could change in the near term if additional objective information becomes available in the future including if income or income tax rates are higher or lower than currently estimated, or if there are differences in the timing or amount of future reversals of existing taxable or deductible temporary differences. In the event we were to determine that there is a change in the realizability of our deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be recorded to income in the period such determination was made. Our valuation allowance changed through income tax expense by approximately $195 million, $(4) million and $7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There were other changes to our valuation allowance, including the effects of currency, of $(59) million, $13 million and $2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These did not affect income tax expense in total as there was a corresponding adjustment to Deferred tax assets or Other comprehensive loss. The following is a summary of gross deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowances for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Gross deferred tax assets $ 1,213 $ 1,267 $ 1,138 Valuation allowance (511) (375) (366) Net deferred tax assets $ 702 $ 892 $ 772 We are subject to ongoing tax examinations and assessments in various jurisdictions. Accordingly, we may incur additional tax expense based upon our assessment of the more-likely-than-not outcomes of such matters. In addition, when applicable, we adjust the previously recorded tax expense to reflect examination results. Our ongoing assessments of the more-likely-than-not outcomes of the examinations and related tax positions require judgment and can materially increase or decrease our effective tax rate, as well as impact our operating results. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 36Xerox 2024 Annual Report 36
Unrecognized tax benefits were $95 million, $140 million and $110 million at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Refer to Note 19 - Income and Other Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding deferred income taxes and unrecognized tax benefits. Business Combinations and Goodwill We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to tangible assets, liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is allocated to Goodwill. The allocation of the purchase consideration requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. These estimates can include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows of acquired customers, development of new offerings, acquired technology and trade names from a market participant perspective, as well as estimates of useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable and when appropriate, include assistance from independent third- party valuation firms. During the measurement period, which is up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to Goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. Refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the allocation of the purchase price consideration for our acquisitions. Our Goodwill, net balance was $1.9 billion at December 31, 2024. We assess Goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently on an interim basis if we believe indicators of an impairment exist. The application of an interim or the annual Goodwill impairment test begins with the identification of reporting units, which requires judgment. A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment. The Company has two operating/reportable segments - Print and Other, and XFS. We determined that the Print and Other, and XFS operating segments were also our reporting units for Goodwill assessment purposes. The Goodwill, net balance is fully allocated to the Print and Other reporting unit and no Goodwill has been allocated to the XFS reporting unit. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of Goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment. Our review of impairment starts with an assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances lead to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the Company is less than the net book value. Our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of Goodwill, whether performed annually or based on specific events or circumstances, considers various macroeconomic, industry-specific and company- specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company- specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of our financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in our market capitalization below our net book value. After assessing the totality of events and circumstances, if we determine that it is not more- likely-than-not that the fair value of the Company is less than its net book value, no further assessment is performed. If we determine that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the Company is less than net book value or if we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment, we proceed to a quantitative assessment or test of Goodwill. If a quantitative assessment of Goodwill is required, the determination of the fair value of the Company will involve the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Our quantitative Goodwill impairment test uses both the income approach and the market approach to estimate fair value. The income approach is based on the discounted cash flow method that uses the Company's estimates of forecasted future financial performance including revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes, as well as working capital and capital asset requirements. These estimates are developed as part of our long-term planning process based on assumed market segment growth rates and our assumed market segment share, estimated costs based on historical data and various internal estimates. Projected cash flows are then discounted to a present value employing a discount rate that properly accounts for the estimated market weighted-average cost of capital, as well as any risks unique to the subject cash flows. When performing our market approach, we rely specifically on the guideline public company method. Our guideline public company method incorporates revenues and earnings multiples from publicly traded companies with operations and other characteristics similar to our reporting units. The selected multiples consider our reporting units' growth, profitability, size and risk relative to those of the selected publicly traded companies. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 37Xerox 2024 Annual Report 37
Goodwill Impairment and Annual Assessment During the third quarter 2024, we identified events and conditions that required a quantitative assessment of Goodwill, as operating results for the quarter, as well as updated forecasts for the full year, were below previous forecasts. In addition, during 2024, the Company experienced a decline in its stock price and market capitalization, which became significant and sustained during the third quarter. After completing our quantitative impairment test, we concluded that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit (the only reporting unit with Goodwill) had declined below its carrying value and we recognized an after-tax, non-cash impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax) related to our Goodwill in the third quarter 2024. In estimating the fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit, we reconciled the fair value of the Company to the Company's market capitalization, and our analysis reflected a 75/25 allocation between the income and market approach, respectively, and the application of a discount rate applied to our projected cash flows of approximately 12.00%. The weighting between the income and market approach was consistent with our assessment in the third quarter 2022 (the last time a quantitative assessment was completed), and reflects the inherent limitation of a market comparison. The applied discount rate was 125 basis points higher than the rate applied in the third quarter 2022 assessment primarily due to higher market interest rates. We believe that the discount rate applied was reasonable based on the estimated capital costs of applicable market participants and an appropriate company- specific risk premium that reflected current market and industry conditions. In performing our quantitative assessment for the third quarter 2024, the Company believes it made reasonable estimates based on the facts and circumstances that were available as of the reporting date. However, the assessment of fair value includes assumptions that are subject to risk and uncertainty. Estimated forecasts are dependent on subjective factors including the timing and amount of future cash flows and the discount rate. If the Company's future performance varies from current expectations, assumptions, or estimates, including those assumptions relating to interest rates, inflationary pressure on product and labor costs, execution of Reinvention, and geopolitical uncertainty, this may impact the impairment analysis and could reduce the underlying cash flows used to estimate fair values and result in a decline in fair value that may trigger future impairment charges. Refer to Note 12 - Goodwill, Net and Intangible Assets, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding Goodwill. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 38Xerox 2024 Annual Report 38
Revenue Results Summary Total Revenue Revenue for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was as follows: Revenue % Change CC % Change % of Total Revenue (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2022 Equipment sales $ 1,378 $ 1,655 $ 1,624 (16.7) % 1.9 % (16.5) % 1.7 % 22 % 24 % 23 % Post sale revenue 4,843 5,231 5,483 (7.4) % (4.6) % (7.3) % (4.8) % 78 % 76 % 77 % Total Revenue $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 (9.7) % (3.1) % (9.5) % (3.3) % 100 % 100 % 100 % Reconciliation to Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income: Sales $ 2,378 $ 2,720 $ 2,800 (12.6) % (2.9) % (12.3) % (3.4) % Less: Supplies, paper and other sales (1,000) (1,065) (1,176) (6.1) % (9.4) % (5.7) % (10.5) % Equipment sales $ 1,378 $ 1,655 $ 1,624 (16.7) % 1.9 % (16.5) % 1.7 % Services, maintenance and rentals $ 3,692 $ 3,975 $ 4,100 (7.1) % (3.0) % (7.1) % (3.0) % Add: Supplies, paper and other sales 1,000 1,065 1,176 (6.1) % (9.4) % (5.7) % (10.5) % Add: Financing 151 191 207 (20.9) % (7.7) % (20.9) % (8.0) % Post sale revenue $ 4,843 $ 5,231 $ 5,483 (7.4) % (4.6) % (7.3) % (4.8) % Segments Print and Other $ 5,935 $ 6,571 $ 6,804 (9.7) % (3.4) % 95 % 95 % 96 % XFS 357 401 393 (11.0) % 2.0 % 6 % 6 % 5 % Intersegment elimination(1) (71) (86) (90) (17.4) % (4.4) % (1) % (1) % (1) % Total Revenue(2) $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 (9.7) % (3.1) % 100 % 100 % 100 % _____________ CC - See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. (1) Reflects revenue, primarily commissions and other payments, made by the XFS segment to the Print and Other segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements. (2) Refer to the "Reportable Segments" section. Revenue Total revenue decreased 9.7% for the year ended December 31, 2024 reflecting a 0.7-percentage point benefit from acquisitions, as well as a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact from currency. The decrease in total revenue was primarily due to lower post sale revenue, reflecting lower page volumes associated with our managed print services1 contracts, intentional reductions in non-core revenue, including lower margin IT endpoint device placements, Fuji royalty income, paper sales, and Finance income, as well as the effects of Reinvention actions, including geographic and offering simplification, and lower PARC revenue. These negative impacts to post sale revenue were in part offset by the benefits of a partial quarter of ITsavvy, as well as higher supplies and digital and legacy managed IT services revenue. The decrease in total revenue also reflects lower equipment sales, resulting from an unfavorable mix, the effects of backlog fluctuations in the current and prior year, the decision to stop manufacturing certain high-end equipment, the effects of geographic simplification, and the impacts from the implementation of organizational model changes in the first half of 2024. Equipment revenue declined across all product groups, and was most pronounced in Mid-range. Total revenue decreased 3.1% for the year ended December 31, 2023 and included a 0.8-percentage point benefit from acquisitions and a 0.2-percentage point benefit from currency. The decrease in revenue was attributable to lower post sale revenue, reflecting the intentional reduction of non-strategic revenue - paper and IT endpoint device placement sales, as well as the termination of Fuji royalty income and the donation of PARC. Contractual print services declined modestly, due to lower production print activity, our exit from Russia and a shift in distribution strategy for one of our European markets, partially offset by Digital and Managed IT Services revenue growth, which includes the benefits from an acquisition. The decrease in Post sale revenue was partially offset by growth in equipment sales revenue, reflecting stable demand, higher pricing, and favorable mix, as well as improved product supply availability and the associated year-over-year reduction in backlog. _____________ (1) Previously known as contractual print services, and includes revenues from service, maintenance and rentals. IT solutions and digital services are not included in managed print services. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 39 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 39
Total revenues included the following: Post sale revenue Post sale revenue reflects revenues from managed print services1, supplies and financing. These revenues are associated not only with the population of devices in the field, which is affected by installs and removals, but also by the page volumes generated from the usage of such devices and the revenue per printed page. Post sale revenue also includes revenues from IT Solutions, comprised of IT hardware and associated services, Digital services, as well as gains, commissions, and servicing revenue associated with the sale of finance receivables. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Post sale revenue decreased 7.4% as compared to the prior year, which included a 0.9-percentage point benefit from the recent acquisition of ITsavvy, partially offset by a 0.1-percentage point adverse impact from currency. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Post sale revenue decreased 4.6% as compared to the prior year and included a 1.1-percentage point benefit from an acquisition, as well as a 0.2- percentage point benefit from currency. Post sale revenue is comprised of the following: Services, maintenance and rentals revenue includes maintenance revenue (including bundled supplies), the services portion of our IT Solutions offering, digital services revenue and rentals, and other revenues. • For the year ended December 31, 2024, these revenues decreased 7.1% as compared to the prior year period and included no impact from currency. Managed print services1 revenue declined year-over year driven by lower outsourcing and print service revenue, including the effects of geographic simplification, as well as lower rental revenue, the termination of Fuji royalty income and the donation of PARC. These impacts were partially offset by higher organic and inorganic managed IT Solutions revenue, including the benefits of a partial quarter of ITsavvy results, as well as higher digital services revenue, and gains, commission and servicing revenue associated with the sale of finance receivables. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, these revenues decreased 3.0% as compared to the prior year period and included no impact from currency. The decline in revenues was due in part to the termination of Fuji royalty income and the donation of PARC. Contractual print services revenue decreased modestly as compared to the prior year period, primarily reflecting declines in production print activity, our exit from Russia and the shift in distribution strategy for one of our European markets. These declines were partially offset by revenue growth in Digital and Managed IT Services, which includes the benefits of a recent acquisition, and price increases, as well as gains and commissions, and servicing revenue on sales of finance receivables. Supplies, paper and other sales includes unbundled supplies, IT hardware and other sales. • For the year ended December 31, 2024, these revenues decreased 6.1% as compared to the prior year, including a 2.1-percentage point benefit from the recent acquisition of ITsavvy, as well as a 0.4-percentage point adverse impact from currency. The decline at constant currency2 primarily reflecting lower sales of non- strategic, lower margin IT endpoint device placements and paper sales, as well as the effects of geographic simplification. These declines were partially offset by the benefit of revenue from the ITsavvy acquisitions, and higher supplies revenue. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, these revenues decreased 9.4% as compared to the prior year, including a 1.1-percentage point benefit from currency, primarily reflecting lower paper sales, as well as IT hardware, particularly endpoint devices, and unbundled supplies revenue. Paper and IT endpoint sales are low margin and non-strategic, and are expected to be reduced further over time. Financing revenue is generated from direct and indirect financing of Xerox equipment. • For the year ended December 31, 2024, Financing revenue decreased 20.9% as compared to the prior year, including no impact from currency. The decline reflects a continued reduction of the average finance receivables balance in 2024, resulting from the sales of finance receivables during 2023 and 2024 to HPS Investment Partners (HPS) and De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), as well as lower originations. Finance receivables are approximately $800 million lower at December 31, 2024 as compared to December 31, 2023. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, Financing revenue decreased 7.7% as compared to the prior year, including a 0.3-percentage point benefit from currency. The decline at constant currency2 reflects a reduction of the average finance receivables balance during 2023 as a result of the sales of finance receivables to HPS Investment Partners (HPS). Finance receivables were approximately $600 million lower in December of 2023 as compared to December of 2022. _____________ (1) Previously known as contractual print services, and includes revenues from service, maintenance and rentals. IT solutions and digital services are not included in managed print services. (2) See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 40 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 40
Equipment sales revenue Equipment sales revenue decreased 16.7% for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the prior year, including a 0.2-percentage point adverse impact from currency. The decrease in constant currency1 was primarily impacted by unfavorable mix, as well as the effects of backlog fluctuations in the current and prior year, the decision to stop manufacturing certain high-end equipment, the effects of geographic simplification, and the impacts from the organizational changes implemented in the first half of 2024. Revenue declined across all product groups, and was most pronounced in Mid-range, reflecting declines in both black-and-white and color installations, with a mix toward lower-priced A3 color multi-function printers. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Equipment sales revenue increased 1.9% as compared to the prior year, including a 0.2-percentage point benefit from currency. The increase in constant currency1 reflects improvement in product availability for higher-margin mid-range and high-end devices, in the Americas region, as well as recent pricing actions and stable demand conditions. These increases were partially offset by lower revenue from the Entry product group, primarily in EMEA, as compared to the prior year period. See Segment Review - Print and Other below for additional discussion on Equipment sales revenue. _____________ (1) See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 41 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 41
Costs, Expenses and Other Income Summary of Key Financial Ratios The following is a summary of our key financial ratios used to assess our performance: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 B/(W) 2023 B/(W) Gross Profit $ 1,960 $ 2,314 $ 2,318 $ (354) $ (4) RD&E 191 229 304 38 75 SAG 1,537 1,696 1,760 159 64 Equipment Gross Margin 30.2 % 33.7 % 25.1 % (3.5) pts. 8.6 pts. Post sale Gross Margin 31.9 % 33.6 % 34.9 % (1.7) pts. (1.3) pts. Total Gross Margin 31.5 % 33.6 % 32.6 % (2.1) pts. 1.0 pts. RD&E as a % of Revenue 3.1 % 3.3 % 4.3 % 0.2 pts. 1.0 pts. SAG as a % of Revenue 24.7 % 24.6 % 24.8 % (0.1) pts. 0.2 pts. Pre-tax Loss(1) $ (1,216) $ (28) $ (325) $ (1,188) $ 297 Pre-tax Loss Margin(1) (19.5) % (0.4) % (4.6) % (19.1) pts. 4.2 pts. Adjusted(2) Operating Profit $ 302 $ 389 $ 275 $ (87) $ 114 Adjusted(2) Operating Margin 4.9 % 5.6 % 3.9 % (0.7) pts. 1.7 pts. _____________ (1) 2024 includes a pre-tax non-cash Goodwill impairment charge of $1,058 million, 2023 includes the pre-tax PARC donation charge of $132 million, and 2022 includes a pre-tax non-cash Goodwill impairment charge of $412 million. (2) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section for an explanation of the non-GAAP financial measure. Gross Margin Total gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 of 31.5% decreased 2.1-percentage points compared to 2023, primarily reflecting lower revenue and gross profit, primarily due to charges associated with the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations, which had a 0.8-percentage point unfavorable impact on gross margin, as well as higher transportation and product costs, an unfavorable equipment mix and lower print volumes. These impacts were partially offset by the benefits associated with recent Reinvention-related cost and productivity actions and currency. Total gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 of 33.6% increased 1.0-percentage points compared to 2022, primarily reflecting lower supply chain-related costs, favorable equipment mix, and the benefits associated with recent pricing and cost and productivity actions, as well as financing gains and commissions, and servicing revenues on sales of finance receivables. These favorable impacts were partially offset by lower revenue, which includes the termination of Fuji royalty income, and price increases from a product supplier, as well as lower financing margin. Equipment gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 of 30.2% decreased 3.5-percentage points compared to 2023, primarily reflecting lower revenue and gross profit, as well as higher product and transportation costs, the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations, and unfavorable product and channel mix. These impacts were partially offset by currency. Equipment gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 of 33.7% increased 8.6-percentage points as compared to 2022, reflecting higher revenue, a favorable product and channel mix, lower supply chain-related costs, and the benefits associated with recent pricing actions. These favorable impacts were partially offset by price increases from a product supplier. Post sale gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 of 31.9% decreased 1.7-percentage points compared to 2023, reflecting lower revenue, including lower page volumes, lower gross profit, and charges associated with the Company's Reinvention, primarily related to the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations, which had a 1.0-percentage point unfavorable impact on gross margin. These impacts were partially offset by the benefits associated with recent Reinvention-related cost and productivity actions and favorable currency. Post sale gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 of 33.6% decreased 1.3-percentage points compared to 2022, reflecting lower revenue due to the termination of Fuji royalty income, and lost revenues as a result of the donation of PARC, as well as a lower financing margin. Financing margin decreased primarily due to higher interest costs. These impacts were partially offset by the benefits of associated cost and productivity actions and lower supply chain-related costs, as well as gains, commissions, and servicing revenues on sales of finance receivables. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 42 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 42
Research, Development and Engineering Expenses (RD&E) Year Ended December 31, Change (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 R&D $ 142 $ 174 $ 246 $ (32) $ (72) Sustaining engineering 49 55 58 (6) (3) Total RD&E Expenses $ 191 $ 229 $ 304 $ (38) $ (75) RD&E as a percentage of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 of 3.1% decreased 0.2-percentage points as compared to 2023, and RD&E of $191 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased $38 million as compared to 2023. The decrease was primarily due to productivity and cost savings related to the Company's Reinvention, the spin-off, exit, or shutdown of certain other RD&E related activities or businesses, and the corresponding reduction in real estate. The lower spending in innovation reflects decisions which provide greater focus and financial flexibility to pursue growth opportunities adjacent to our core operations. The decrease also reflected the strategic decision to donate PARC in 2023. RD&E as a percentage of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 of 3.3% decreased 1.0-percentage point as compared to 2022, and RD&E of $229 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, decreased $75 million as compared to 2022. The decrease was primarily due to the strategic decision to donate PARC and the spin-off, exit, or shutdown of certain other RD&E related activities or businesses. The lower spending in innovation reflects decisions which provide greater focus and financial flexibility to pursue growth opportunities adjacent to our core operations within Print, Digital and Managed IT services. Selling, Administrative and General Expenses (SAG) SAG as a percentage of revenue of 24.7% increased 0.1-percentage points for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to 2023, primarily due to lower revenue, as well as higher bad debt expense, which were partially offset by lower selling and other administrative and general expenses. SAG expenses of $1,537 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $159 million lower than 2023, primarily reflecting productivity and cost savings related to the Company's Reinvention, as well as, lower incentive compensation expense, IT expenses, outsourcing costs, commission payments, litigation expense, and advertising costs, as well as the strategic decision to donate PARC in the prior year. These favorable impacts were partially offset by higher bad debt expense, the inclusion of a partial quarter of ITsavvy results and transaction-related expenses related to the recent acquisition of ITsavvy and expected acquisition of Lexmark, as well as other Reinvention-related investments, and unfavorable currency. Bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $42 million increased $14 million as compared to 2023. The increase reflects a reserve release in 2023 of approximately $12 million due to a favorable reassessment of the credit exposure on a large customer receivable balance, as well as an increased provision for aged accounts receivables in the current year. The adverse impacts were offset by a lower finance receivable balance, as a result of sales of finance receivables in recent quarters to HPS Investment Partners and De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. SAG as a percentage of revenue of 24.6% decreased 0.2-percentage points for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 2022. SAG expenses of $1,696 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $64 million lower than 2022 primarily reflecting the prior year stock compensation expense of $21 million associated with the accelerated vesting of all outstanding equity awards in connection with the passing of Xerox Holding's former CEO. SAG also benefited from productivity and cost savings, including savings related to restructuring actions, the strategic decision to donate PARC and other dispositions as well as a reduced investment in new businesses. Additionally, the decrease in SAG reflected lower bad debt expense, lower supply chain-related costs, and the favorable true-up of prior year shared services contract costs. These benefits were partially offset by higher incentive compensation expense and marketing expenses, and the impact of an acquisition. Bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 of $28 million decreased $15 million as compared to the prior year, primarily due a lower finance receivable provision of $20 million partially offset by higher provision for trade receivables of $5 million. The decrease in the 2023 finance receivable provision reflected a reserve release of approximately $12 million as a result of a favorable reassessment of the credit exposure on a large customer receivable balance as well as the benefits related to the sale of finance receivables on a non-recourse basis as part of our on-going finance receivables funding agreement. The increase in the trade receivable provisions is partly due to an increase in aged receivables in the U.S. We continue to monitor developments in future economic conditions, and as a result, our reserves may need to be updated in future periods. As of December 31, 2024, on a trailing twelve-month basis, bad debt expense (excluding Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 43 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 43
the reserve release in 2024) was approximately 1.9% of total receivables, as compared to approximately 1.3% for the prior year comparable period (excluding the reserve release of approximately $12 million in 2023), primarily due to a lower finance receivables balance of approximately $800 million at December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 7 - Accounts Receivable, Net and Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our bad debt provision and related reserves. Restructuring and Related Costs, Net We incurred restructuring and related costs, net of $112 million, $167 million and $65 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These costs were primarily related to the implementation of initiatives under our business transformation projects to reduce and realign our cost structure to the changing nature of our business. Restructuring and related costs, net reflect the following components: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Restructuring charges, net(1) $ 62 $ 114 $ 68 Asset impairment charges, net 25 32 (6) Related costs, net 25 21 3 Total Restructuring and related costs, net $ 112 $ 167 $ 65 ____________ (1) Reflects net headcount reductions of approximately 1,100, 2,125, and 1,940 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 2024 Restructuring and related costs, net are associated with strategic actions taken as a result of the Company's Reinvention, primarily related to optimizing operations, the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations, and geographic simplification, as well as consulting and other costs associated with our initiatives. 2024 actions impacted several functional areas, with approximately 55% focused on gross margin improvements, approximately 35% focused on SAG reductions, and the remainder focused on RD&E enhancements. We expect 2025 pre-tax savings of approximately $98 million from our 2024 restructuring actions. Refer to Note 13 - Restructuring Programs in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our restructuring programs. The restructuring reserve balance as of December 31, 2024, for all programs, was $113 million, of which $90 million is expected to be paid over the next twelve months. Amortization of Intangible Assets Amortization of intangible assets for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $73 million, $43 million and $42 million, respectively. The increased level of amortization of intangible assets in 2024, as compared to 2023, was primarily related to the strategic write-off of approximately $37 million of certain trade names in 2024, partially offset by the amortization expense associated with the intangible assets from the recent acquisition of ITsavvy. Refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures, and Note 12 - Goodwill, Net and Intangible Assets, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our intangible assets. Worldwide Employment Worldwide employment was approximately 16,800 as of December 31, 2024, a decrease of approximately 3,300 from December 31, 2023. The decrease primarily relates to the Company's Reinvention, which includes the effects of workforce reduction decisions announced in January 2024, as well as net attrition (attrition net of gross hires). Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 44 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 44
Other Expenses, Net Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Non-financing interest expense $ 119 $ 68 $ 91 Interest income (14) (16) (11) Non-service retirement-related costs 80 19 (12) Gains on sales of businesses and assets (8) (39) (56) Currency losses, net 15 28 13 (Gain) Loss on early extinguishment of debt (2) 10 5 Transaction and related costs, net (38) — — Contract termination costs - product supply — — 33 Excess contribution refund — (6) (16) Tax indemnification from Conduent — (7) — All other expenses, net(1) 6 18 13 Other expenses, net $ 158 $ 75 $ 60 _____________ (1) Includes Equity income of $(7) million, $(4) million and $(3) million and Noncontrolling interest charge of $2 million, $3 million and $0 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Non-Financing Interest Expense Non-financing interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $119 million was $51 million higher than 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher interest rates on new Senior Notes issued in 2024, lower financing debt, as well as a slightly higher average debt balance as a result of issuance of Senior Notes and promissory notes in 2024. When non-financing interest expense is combined with financing interest expense (Cost of financing), total interest expense of $225 million increased by $27 million from the prior year period, primarily reflecting the impact of higher average interest rates. Non-financing interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 of $68 million was $23 million lower than 2022. The decrease was related to lower average non-financing debt as a result of the repayment of Senior Notes in 2022 and the first quarter 2023, partially offset by higher interest rates on new debt. When non-financing interest expense is combined with financing interest expense (Cost of financing), total interest expense of $198 million decreased by $1 million from the prior year period primarily reflecting a lower average debt balance, mostly offset by the impact of higher average interest rates. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, both Xerox Holdings and Xerox reported total interest expense of $225 million, $198 million and $199 million, respectively, however, the amount reported by Xerox includes interest expense of $111 million, $80 million and $80 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, paid to Xerox Holdings on an Intercompany Loan. The Intercompany Loan represents a loan to Xerox of the net proceeds Xerox Holdings Corporation received from its Senior Notes, which was used to repay existing debt of Xerox Corporation. Xerox's interest expense on the Intercompany Loan matches the interest expense recognized by Xerox Holdings on its Senior Notes. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Xerox Holdings Corporation/Xerox Corporation Intercompany Loan, our debt activity and information regarding the allocation of interest expense. Interest Income Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $2 million lower than 2023, and for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $5 million higher than 2022. The increase in interest income 2023 as compared to 2022 was due to higher interest rates, partially offset by a lower cash balance. Non-Service Retirement-Related Costs Non-service retirement-related costs increased $61 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to 2023. The increase primarily reflects higher interest cost associated with an increase in actuarial losses subject to amortization, higher discount rates and a decrease in the expected return on plan assets, all of which were partially offset by lower settlement losses. Non-service retirement-related costs increased $31 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to 2022.The increase primarily reflects higher interest cost associated with higher discount rates as well as a decrease in the expected return on plan assets, partially offset by lower settlement losses. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 45 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 45
Service retirement-related costs, which are included in operating expenses, were $6 million, $6 million and $18 million for the years December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in service-related costs for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily due to the transition of our pension plan in the Netherlands to a Defined Contribution Plan for future service at the end of 2022. Refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding service and non-service retirement-related costs. Gains on Sales of Businesses and Assets Gains on sales of businesses and assets for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $31 million lower than 2023, and for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $17 million lower than 2022. The decrease in both years primarily relates to lower sales of non-core surplus business assets in the current year, as compared to the prior year. Currency Losses, Net Currency losses, net of $15 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $13 million lower as compared to 2023 primarily due to the sale of our direct business operations in Argentina in 2024, as well as of the sale our Russian subsidiary in 2023. Currency losses, net of $28 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $15 million higher than 2022 due to continued volatility in the global exchange rates, particularly in the Middle East and Argentina, which could not be fully hedged, as well as an increase in the cost of hedging. Refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our foreign currency derivatives. (Gain) Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt During 2024, we recorded a $(4) million (gain) on the repayment of Senior Notes (through a tender offer) in the first quarter of 2024, partially offset by a loss of approximately $2 million on the write-off of deferred debt issuance costs. During 2023, we recorded losses of $10 million on the extinguishment of debt related to the early repayment on secured borrowings, the termination of our $250 million Credit Facility prior to entering into the new 5-year Asset Based Lending Facility (ABL), and the write-off of deferred debt issuance costs associated with the early extinguishment of the $555 million Bridge Loan Facility, that was replaced with the Term Loan B facility. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our Senior Notes and Credit Facilities. Transaction and related costs, net 2024 activity reflects the insurance proceeds related to a legal settlement, for the reimbursement of certain legal and other professional costs, associated with a past potential merger. Contract Termination Costs For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded contract termination costs of $33 million ($25 million after-tax) associated with the early termination of a product supply agreement. The charge primarily reflects the payment of the contractual cancellation fee plus interest and related legal fees. Excess Contribution Refund During 2023 and 2022, we received a refund of $6 million and $16 million, respectively, reflecting the return of excess employer contributions to a defined contribution plan for one of our Latin American subsidiaries as a result of employee forfeitures. The excess contributions had accumulated over the past 20 plus years. Refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our defined contribution plans. Tax Indemnification - Conduent The credit of $7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 represents the reversal of a payable to Conduent of an IRS refund Xerox was expected to receive with the settlement of a pre-separation unrecognized tax position. The matter was resolved during the third quarter 2023 and both the receivable from the IRS and the payable to Conduent were no longer required. The reversal of the offsetting IRS refund receivable is recorded as a charge in Income tax benefit. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 46 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 46
Pre-tax (Loss) Margin Pre-tax (loss) margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 of (19.5)% increased 19.1-percentage points from the pre-tax (loss) margin of (0.4)% in 2023. The increase in pre-tax (loss) margin was primarily due to the pre-tax non- cash Goodwill impairment charge of $1,058 million, which was recorded during third quarter 2024. In addition, the pre-tax (loss) margin also reflects lower revenues and associated gross profit, including the intentional reduction of non-strategic revenue, the divestitures of certain direct business operations in Latin America, the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations, as well as higher Amortization of intangible assets, and higher Other expense, net. These impacts were partially offset by the PARC donation charge in 2023, as well as lower Selling, administrative and general expenses, lower Restructuring and related costs, net, and lower RD&E expenses. Pre-tax (loss) margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 of (0.4)% was a 4.2-percentage point improvement from the pre-tax (loss) margin of (4.6)% in 2022. The improvement is primarily due to the Goodwill impairment charge of $412 million in 2022. In addition, the improvement also reflects the impacts of lower supply chain-related costs and the benefits of price increases and favorable mix as well as lower RD&E expenses and Selling, administrative and general expenses. These favorable impacts were partially offset by lower revenue, which includes the termination of Fuji royalty income, lost revenue associated with the donation of PARC and the intentional reduction in non-strategic revenue. Pre-tax margin was also negatively impacted by the PARC donation charge of $132 million in the second quarter 2023, which had a 1.9-percentage point adverse impact on pre-tax margin, as well as higher Restructuring and related costs, net, which includes the workforce reduction announced in connection with Reinvention, and Other expenses, net. Adjusted1 operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2024 of 4.9% decreased 0.7-percentage points as compared to 2023. The decrease primarily reflects lower revenue and lower gross profit, which reflected reductions in non-strategic revenue and the effects of Reinvention actions, higher transportation and product costs, an unfavorable equipment mix, and lower print volumes, as well as the termination of Fuji royalty income, and higher bad debt expense. These impacts were partially offset by lower Selling, administrative and general expenses, including lower incentive compensation expenses, and the benefits from Reinvention related cost and productivity actions, benefits from the strategic decision to donate PARC in 2023, and the spin-off, exit, or shutdown of certain other RD&E related activities or businesses. Adjusted1 operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 of 5.6% increased 1.7-percentage points as compared to 2022. The increase primarily reflects higher gross margin, which includes the impacts of lower supply chain-related costs, the benefits of price increases and favorable mix. The increase also reflects lower RD&E expense, and Selling, administrative and general expenses, which includes benefits associated with structural cost reductions and ongoing operating efficiencies. Partially offsetting these benefits was lower revenue, which includes the termination of Fuji royalty income, lost revenue associated with the donation of PARC, and the intentional reduction in non-strategic revenue, as well as price increases from a product supplier, and higher Other expenses, net. _____________ (1) Refer to the Adjusted Operating Income and Margin reconciliation table in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 47Xerox 2024 Annual Report 47
Income Taxes The 2024 effective tax rate was (8.6)%. Excluding the tax impacts for the goodwill impairment charge and the establishment of a valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets, the rate was 13.3%. This rate was lower than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the geographical mix of earnings, partially offset by the tax benefit associated with the redetermination of certain unrecognized tax positions. On an adjusted1 basis, the 2024 effective tax rate was 26.6%, which was higher than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the geographical mix of adjusted earnings, partially offset by the redetermination of certain unrecognized tax positions. The 2023 effective tax rate was 103.6% and includes the loss on the PARC donation as well as the associated tax benefits. Excluding this impact, the effective tax rate was 10.6%. On an adjusted1 basis, the 2023 effective tax rate was 14.6%. Both rates were lower than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the tax benefits related to the redetermination of certain unrecognized tax positions upon the conclusion of several audits, as well as the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and change in tax filing positions, partially offset by the geographical mix of earnings. The 2022 effective tax rate was 0.9% and was lower than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the non-deductibility of the Goodwill impairment charge and the tax expense associated with changes in elections made to certain tax positions for recently filed returns, which were only partially offset by benefits from additional tax incentives and the geographical mix of earnings. On an adjusted1 basis, the 2022 effective tax rate was 21.6%.and was higher than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to tax expense associated with changes in elections made to certain tax positions for recently filed returns, offset by benefits from additional tax incentives. Xerox operations are widely dispersed. However, no one country outside of the U.S. is a significant factor in determining our overall effective tax rate. Refer to Note 19 - Income and Other Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the geographic mix of income before taxes and the related impacts on our effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate is based on nonrecurring events as well as recurring factors, including the taxation of foreign income. In addition, our effective tax rate will change based on discrete or other nonrecurring events that may not be predictable. _____________ (1) Refer to the Adjusted Effective Tax Rate reconciliation table in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section. Net (Loss) Income Net (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $(1,321) million, or $(10.75) per diluted share, which included the following: • After-tax Reinvention-related charge of $100 million ($129 million pre-tax), or $0.81 per diluted share, in first quarter 2024, primarily related to the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations and geographic simplification • After-tax non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax), or $8.17 per share, in third quarter 2024. • After-tax write-off of intangibles of $28 million ($37 million pre-tax), or $0.22 per share, in fourth quarter 2024. • After-tax Reinvention and transaction-related costs, net of $15 million ($19 million pre-tax), or $0.12 per share, in fourth quarter 2024. • Tax expense charge of $161 million, or $1.30 per share, in third quarter 2024, related to the establishment of a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets to reflect their realizability On an adjusted1 basis, Net Income for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $135 million, or $0.97 per diluted share. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $1 million, or $(0.09) per diluted share, which included the after-tax PARC donation charge of $92 million (pre-tax charge of $132 million) or $0.58 per diluted share, and after- tax Restructuring and related costs, net charge of $78 million ($104 million pre-tax), or $0.52 per share, related to the Reinvention-related workforce reduction. On an adjusted1 basis, Net income was $287 million, or $1.82 per diluted share. Net (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $(322) million, or $(2.15) per diluted share, which included an after-tax Goodwill impairment charge of $395 million (pre-tax charge of $412 million) or $(2.54) per share. On an adjusted1 basis, Net income was $189 million, or $1.12 per diluted share. Refer to Note 25 - Loss per Share in the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information regarding the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share. _____________ (1) Refer to the Adjusted Net Income and EPS reconciliation table in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 48 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 48
Other Comprehensive Loss, Net Other comprehensive loss, net was $23 million in 2024 and included the following: i) $120 million of net translation adjustment losses reflecting the weakening of our major foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar during 2024; ii) $88 million of net gains from the changes in defined benefit plans primarily due to actuarial gains as a result of an increase in discount rates, the amortization of actuarial losses partially offset by lower settlement expense as a result of a change during 2024 to pension plans in the U.S. restricting the lump-sum election to 50% of a participant's benefit obligation, as well as the positive impact of currency; and iii) $9 million in unrealized gains, net. Other comprehensive loss, net was $139 million in 2023 and included the following: i) $331 million of net losses from the changes in defined benefit plans primarily due to actuarial losses as a result of a decrease in discount rates and lower asset returns as compared to expected returns, as well as the negative impact of currency, partially offset by the amortization of actuarial losses and settlement losses; ii) $191 million of net translation adjustment gains reflecting the strengthening of most of our major foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar during 2023; and iii) $1 million in unrealized gains, net. Other comprehensive loss, net was $549 million in 2022 and included the following: i) $376 million of net translation adjustment losses reflecting the weakening of our major foreign currencies against the U.S. Dollar during 2022; ii) $171 million of net losses from the changes in defined benefit plans primarily due to actuarial losses as a result of negative asset returns, partially offset by the positive impact of currency and the amortization of actuarial losses and settlement losses; and iii) $2 million in unrealized losses, net. Refer to our discussion of Pension Plan Assumptions in the Application of Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A as well as Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding changes in our defined benefit plans. Refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our foreign currency derivatives and associated unrealized gains and losses. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Refer to Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of recent accounting pronouncements including the respective dates of adoption and the effects on results of operations and financial conditions. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 49 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 49
Reportable Segments Our business is organized to ensure we focus on efficiently managing operations while serving our customers and the markets in which we operate. We have two operating and reportable segments – Print and Other and Xerox Financial Services (XFS). Refer to Note 4 - Segment and Geographic Area Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our reportable segments. Segment Review Year Ended December 31, (in millions) External Revenue Intersegment Revenue(1) Total Segment Revenue % of Total Revenue Segment Costs and Expenses Segment Profit Segment Margin(2) 2024 Print and Other $ 5,864 $ 71 $ 5,935 94 % $ 5,667 $ 268 4.6 % XFS 357 — 357 6 % 323 34 9.5 % Total $ 6,221 $ 71 $ 6,292 100 % $ 5,990 $ 302 4.9 % 2023 Print and Other $ 6,485 $ 86 $ 6,571 94 % $ 6,211 $ 360 5.6 % XFS 401 — 401 6 % 372 29 7.2 % Total $ 6,886 $ 86 $ 6,972 100 % $ 6,583 $ 389 5.6 % 2022 Print and Other $ 6,714 $ 90 $ 6,804 95 % $ 6,546 $ 258 3.8 % XFS 393 — 393 5 % 376 17 4.3 % Total $ 7,107 $ 90 $ 7,197 100 % $ 6,922 $ 275 3.9 % _____________ (1) Reflects revenue, primarily commissions and other payments, made by the XFS Segment to the Print and Other Segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements. (2) Segment margin based on external revenue only. Print and Other Print and Other includes the design, development and sale of document management systems, solutions and services as well as associated technology offerings including Digital and IT services and software. Revenue Year Ended December 31, % Change (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 Equipment sales $ 1,360 $ 1,634 $ 1,602 (16.8)% 2.0% Post sale revenue 4,504 4,851 5,112 (7.2)% (5.1)% Intersegment revenue (1) 71 86 90 (17.4)% (4.4)% Total Print and Other Revenue $ 5,935 $ 6,571 $ 6,804 (9.7)% (3.4)% _____________ (1) Reflects revenue, primarily commissions and other payments, made by the XFS segment to the Print and Other segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements. For the year ended December 31, 2024 Print and Other segment revenue decreased 9.7% as compared to 2023, and for the year ended December 31, 2023 Print and Other segment revenue decreased 3.4% as compared to 2022. Print and Other segment revenue results included the following: Equipment Sales Revenue • For the year ended December 31, 2024, Equipment sales revenue decreased 16.8% as compared to 2023, primarily impacted by unfavorable mix, as well as the effects of backlog fluctuations in the current and prior year, the decision to stop certain manufacturing of high-end equipment, the effects of geographic simplification, and the impacts of organizational changes implemented in the first half of 2024. Revenue declined across all product groups, and was most pronounced in Mid-range, reflecting declines in both black-and-white and color installations, with a mix toward lower-priced A3 color multi-function printers. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 50Xerox 2024 Annual Report 50
• For the year ended December 31, 2023, Equipment sales revenue increased 2.0% as compared to 2022, driven by improvement in product availability for higher-margin mid-range and high-end devices in the Americas, as well as recent pricing actions and stable demand conditions, both of which were partially offset by lower revenue from the Entry product group, primarily in EMEA, due to backlog reductions in the prior year. Post Sale Revenue • For the year ended December 31, 2024, Post sale revenue decreased by 7.2% as compared to 2023. Managed print services1 declined as compared to 2023, driven by lower outsourcing and print service revenue, which includes the effects of geographic simplification. Post sales declines also resulted from lower sales of non-strategic, lower margin IT endpoint device placements, rental revenue, and paper sales. These impacts were partially offset by higher organic and inorganic IT Solutions revenue, including a partial quarter of ITsavvy results, as well as higher digital services and supplies revenue. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, Post sale revenue decreased 5.1% as compared to 2022 due primarily to lower sales of lower-margin, non-strategic paper and IT endpoint devices, as well as the termination of Fuji royalty income and PARC revenue. Supplies, paper and other, and Contractual print services revenue declined modestly as compared to the prior year period. The decline in Contractual print services is mainly driven by lower production print activity, the exit from Russia and a shift in distribution strategy for one of our European markets, partially offset by Digital and Managed IT Services revenue growth, which includes the benefits of a recent acquisition. These declines were partially offset by price increases, as well as gains and commissions, and servicing revenue on sales of finance receivables. _____________ (1) Previously known as contractual print services, and includes revenues from service, maintenance and rentals. IT solutions and digital services are not included in managed print services. Detail by product group is shown below: Revenue % Change CC % Change % of Equipment Revenue (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2022 Entry $ 214 $ 237 $ 280 (9.7)% (15.4)% (9.3)% (15.9)% 16% 14% 17% Mid-range 912 1,084 1,030 (15.9)% 5.2% (15.7)% 5.1% 66% 66% 64% High-end 232 316 295 (26.6)% 7.1% (26.4)% 6.8% 17% 19% 18% Other 20 18 19 11.1% (5.3)% 11.1% (5.3)% 1% 1% 1% Equipment sales(1)(2) $ 1,378 $ 1,655 $ 1,624 (16.7)% 1.9% (16.5)% 1.7% 100% 100% 100% _____________ CC - See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. (1) Refer to the Products and Offerings Definitions section. (2) Includes equipment sales related to the XFS segment of $18 million, $21 million and $22 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change at constant currency1 reflected the following: Entry • For the year ended December 31, 2024, the decrease, as compared to 2023, primarily reflects higher backlog reductions and installations of Entry printer, and Entry A4 color devices in the prior year, partially offset by higher installations of Entry A4 black-and-white devices in the current year. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, the decrease, as compared to 2022, primarily reflects backlog reductions in the prior year, and the normalization of work-from-home demand, offset by price increases. Mid-range • For the year ended December 31, 2024, the decrease, as compared to 2023, reflects higher backlog reductions in the prior year, as well as declines in both black-and-white and color installations, and higher mix of lower-priced A3 color multi-function printers. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase, as compared to 2022, reflects improved product availability primarily in the Americas and price increases, partially offset by declines in EMEA due to backlog reductions in the prior year. High-end • For the year ended December 31, 2024, the decrease, as compared to 2023, was primarily due to higher backlog reductions in the prior year, as well as an unfavorable mix toward black-and-white devices, as well as lower High-end color installations, reflecting the evolution of our Production Print portfolio. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 51Xerox 2024 Annual Report 51
• For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase, as compared to 2022, was driven by revenue growth in the Americas, as well as higher revenue and higher installs of both Entry Production Color devices and iGens, due to improved product availability and benefits from price increases. _____________ (1) See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. Total Installs Installs reflect new placements of devices only (i.e., measure does not take into account removal of devices which may occur as a result of contract renewals or cancellations). Revenue associated with equipment installations may be reflected up-front in Equipment sales or over time either through rental income or as part of our services revenues (which are both reported within our Post sale revenues), depending on the terms and conditions of our agreements with customers. Installs include activity for Xerox and non-Xerox branded products installed by our XBS sales unit. Detail by product group (see Products and Offerings Definitions) is shown below. Installs for the year ended December 31, 2024 were: Entry • 11% decrease in entry color installs driven by declines in entry color printers, as well as declines in A4 Color MFPs. • 2% decrease in entry black-and-white installs driven by declines in entry mono printers, partially offset by higher installs of A4 mono MFPs. Mid-Range • 5% decrease in mid-range color installs, primarily reflecting declines in A3 color MFPs, as well as Entry Production Color devices. • 19% decrease in mid-range black-and-white installs, primarily driven by A3 mono MFPs, as well as light production devices. High-End • 25% decrease in high-end color installs, primarily reflecting declines in Entry Production Color products. • 15% decrease in high-end black-and-white installs, reflecting declines in Higher End Cut Sheet products. Installs for the year ended December 31, 2023 were: Entry1 • 37% decrease in entry color installs driven by declines in entry color printers and A4 Color MFPs, reflecting backlog reductions in the prior year. • 16% decrease in entry black-and-white installs driven by declines in A4 mono MFPs, primarily in EMEA, which was partially offset by higher entry mono printer installs. Mid-Range • Mid-range color installs were flat, reflecting higher light production installations offset by a slight decline in A3 color MFPs. • 7% increase in mid-range black-and-white installs, driven by A3 mono MFPs, reflecting increased product availability primarily in the Americas. High-End • 25% increase in high-end color installs reflecting higher demand for iGen and Versant products, primarily in the Americas. • 16% decrease in high-end black-and-white installs reflecting a market shift toward color production equipment. _____________ (1) Reflects install activity for total Entry product group. Product and Offerings Definitions Our product groups range from: • “Entry”, which include A4 devices and desktop printers and multifunction devices that primarily serve small and medium workgroups/work teams. • “Mid-Range”, which include A3 devices that generally serve large workgroup/work teams environments as well as products in the Light Production product groups serving centralized print centers, print for pay and lower volume production print establishments. • “High-End”, which include production printing and publishing systems that generally serve the graphic communications marketplace and print centers in large enterprises. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 52Xerox 2024 Annual Report 52
Segment Expenses Print and Other Segment expenses included the following: Research, Development and Engineering Expenses (RD&E) • RD&E of $191 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased $38 million as compared to 2023. The decrease was primarily due to productivity and cost savings related to the Company's Reinvention, the spin-off, exit, or shutdown of certain other RD&E related activities or businesses, and the corresponding reduction in real estate. The lower spending in innovation reflects decisions which provide greater focus and financial flexibility to pursue growth opportunities adjacent to our core operations. The decrease also reflected the strategic decision to donate PARC in 2023. • RD&E of $229 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, decreased $75 million as compared to 2022. The decrease was primarily due to the strategic decision to donate PARC and the spin-off, exit, or shutdown of certain other RD&E related activities or businesses. The lower spending in innovation reflects decisions which provide greater focus and financial flexibility to pursue growth opportunities adjacent to our core operations within Print, Digital and Managed IT services. Selling, Administrative and General Expenses (SAG) • SAG expenses of $1,392 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $171 million lower than 2023, primarily reflecting productivity and cost savings related to the Company's Reinvention, as well as lower incentive compensation expense, IT expenses, outsourcing costs, commission payments, litigation expense, and advertising costs, and the strategic decision to donate PARC in the prior year. These favorable impacts were partially offset by higher bad debt expense, the inclusion of a partial quarter of ITsavvy results, and unfavorable currency. • SAG expenses of $1,563 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $21 million lower than 2022 primarily reflecting the benefits from productivity and cost savings, including savings related to restructuring actions, the strategic decision to donate PARC and other dispositions as well as a reduced investment in new businesses. Additionally, the decrease in SAG also reflected lower supply chain-related costs, and the favorable true-up of prior year shared services contract costs. These benefits were partially offset by higher bad debt expense, incentive compensation expense and marketing expenses, and the impact of an acquisition. Segment Margin Print and Other segment margin of 4.6% for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased 1.0-percentage point as compared to 2023. The decrease is primarily due to lower revenue, lower gross margin, and higher bad debt expense. These adverse impacts were partially offset by lower Selling and other administrative and general expenses, and lower RD&E expense, reflecting the benefits of cost and productivity savings. Print and Other segment margin of 5.6% for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased 1.8-percentage points as compared to 2022. The increase is primarily due to higher segment gross profit, which includes reduced RD&E, lower selling expense, lower freight costs, as well as the benefits from pricing and cost and productivity actions. These benefits were partially offset by lower revenue. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 53Xerox 2024 Annual Report 53
Xerox Financial Services (XFS) XFS represents a global financing solutions business, primarily enabling the sale of our equipment and services. Revenue Year Ended December 31, % Change (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 Equipment sales $ 18 $ 21 $ 22 (14.3)% (4.5)% Financing 151 191 207 (20.9)% (7.7)% Other Post sale revenue(1) 188 189 164 (0.5)% 15.2% Total XFS Revenue $ 357 $ 401 $ 393 (11.0)% 2.0% _____________ (1) Other Post sale revenue includes lease renewal and fee income as well as gains, commissions and servicing revenue associated with sold finance receivables. For the year ended December 31, 2024 XFS segment revenue decreased 11.0%, as compared to 2023, and for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased 2.0%, as compared to 2022. XFS Segment revenues included the following: Financing Revenue is generated from direct and indirectly financed Xerox equipment sale transactions. • For the year ended December 31, 2024, Financing revenue decreased 20.9% as compared to 2023, including no impact from currency. The decline reflects a continued reduction of the average finance receivables balance in 2024, resulting from the sales to third parties during 2023 and 2024 to HPS Investment Partners (HPS) and De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc., as well as lower originations. Finance receivables are approximately $800 million lower at December 31, 2024 as compared to December 31, 2023. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, Financing revenue decreased 7.7% as compared to 2022 as compared to the prior year, including a 0.3-percentage point benefit from currency. The decline at constant currency1 reflects a reduction of the average finance receivables balance during 2023 as a result of the sales of finance receivables to HPS Investment Partners (HPS). Finance receivables were approximately $600 million lower in December of 2023 as compared to December of 2022. Other Post sale revenue • For the year ended December 31, 2024, Other Post sale revenue decreased 0.5% as compared to 2023, as a result of the continued reduction of our average finance receivables balance. Other Post sale revenue includes gains, commissions and servicing revenue on sales of finance receivables under our finance receivables funding agreement, which was $47 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $34 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. • For the year ended December 31, 2023, Other Post sale revenue increased 15.2% as compared to 2022, primarily due to higher commissions and servicing revenue on increased sales of finance receivables under our finance receivables funding agreement. _____________ (1) See "Currency Impact" section for description of constant currency. Segment Expenses XFS segment expenses included the following: Selling, Administrative and General Expenses (SAG) • SAG expenses of $126 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $7 million lower than 2023, primarily reflecting productivity and cost savings related to the Company's Reinvention, partially offset by higher bad debt expense, which included an increased provision for aged accounts receivables in the current year. Bad debt expense in 2024 included a credit of approximately $(8) million due to a reserve release resulting in part from a lower finance receivables balance. • SAG expenses of $133 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $22 million lower than 2022, primarily reflecting lower bad debt expense which included a credit of $(12) million related to a reserve release in the U.S. as the result of a favorable reassessment of the credit exposure on a large customer receivable balance after a contract amendment. SAG also benefited from productivity and cost savings, including savings related to restructuring actions. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 54Xerox 2024 Annual Report 54
Segment Margin XFS segment margin of 9.5% for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased 2.3-percentage points as compared to 2023. Segment profit for XFS was $5 million higher as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to lower Selling, administrative and general expenses, as well as higher servicing revenues. These positive impacts were partially offset by lower financing revenue from reduced assets and a reserve release of $12 million in the prior year. XFS segment margin of 7.2% for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased 2.9-percentage points, as compared to 2022. Segment profit for XFS was $12 million higher as compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher revenues, lower bad debt expense, and a reduction in commissions paid to equipment suppliers (primarily the Print and Other segment), partially offset by higher funding costs. 2025 Segment Reporting Update In January 2025 we announced the creation of our IT Solutions business, which comprises our recent acquisition of ITsavvy, as well as our Canadian IT Services business Powerland, and our legacy XBS IT sales businesses. We expect to begin to provide additional information related to IT Solutions beginning with the first quarter 2025. Accordingly, we will be reassessing our operating and reportable segments in the first quarter of 2025 and we expect to provide a revision of our segment reporting then. 2024, 2023 and 2022 Segment Review In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires among other things, the requirement to provide enhanced disclosures related to significant segment expenses. Refer to Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the adoption of this ASU. The following table reflects the incremental disclosure requirements related to our adoption of ASU 2023-07 for the following periods: Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 June 30, 2024 September 30, 2024 December 30, 2024 (in millions) Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total External revenue $ 1,411 $ 91 $ 1,502 $ 1,489 $ 89 $ 1,578 $ 1,440 $ 88 $ 1,528 $ 1,524 $ 89 $ 1,613 Intersegment revenue(1) 19 — 19 19 — 19 17 — 17 16 — 16 Total Segment net revenue $ 1,430 $ 91 $ 1,521 $ 1,508 $ 89 $ 1,597 $ 1,457 $ 88 $ 1,545 $ 1,540 $ 89 $ 1,629 Reconciliation to Segment Profit Cost of sales(2) $ 319 $ 21 $ 340 $ 366 $ 19 $ 385 $ 371 $ 19 $ 390 $ 421 $ 18 $ 439 Cost of services, maintenance and rentals(2) 652 4 656 634 2 636 613 4 617 637 4 641 Cost of financing(3) — 27 27 — 29 29 — 26 26 — 24 24 Research, development and engineering expenses 49 — 49 50 — 50 45 — 45 47 — 47 Selling, administrative and general expenses(4)(5) 358 39 397 358 35 393 344 26 370 332 26 358 Intersegment expense(6) 19 — 19 19 — 19 17 — 17 16 — 16 Segment profit $ 33 $ — $ 33 $ 81 $ 4 $ 85 $ 67 $ 13 $ 80 $ 87 $ 17 $ 104 Segment margin(7) 2.3 % — % 2.2 % 5.4 % 4.5 % 5.4 % 4.7 % 14.8 % 5.2 % 5.7 % 19.1 % 6.4 % Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 55Xerox 2024 Annual Report 55
Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total External revenue $ 5,864 $ 357 $ 6,221 $ 6,485 $ 401 $ 6,886 $ 6,714 $ 393 $ 7,107 Intersegment revenue(1) 71 — 71 86 — 86 90 — 90 Total Segment net revenue $ 5,935 $ 357 $ 6,292 $ 6,571 $ 401 $ 6,972 $ 6,804 $ 393 $ 7,197 Reconciliation to Segment Profit Cost of sales(2) $ 1,477 $ 77 $ 1,554 $ 1,686 $ 92 $ 1,778 $ 1,906 $ 96 $ 2,002 Cost of services, maintenance and rentals(2) 2,536 14 2,550 2,647 17 2,664 2,662 17 2,679 Cost of financing(3) — 106 106 — 130 130 — 108 108 Research, development and engineering expenses 191 — 191 229 — 229 304 — 304 Selling, administrative and general expenses(4)(5) 1,392 126 1,518 1,563 133 1,696 1,584 155 1,739 Intersegment expense(6) 71 — 71 86 — 86 $ 90 $ — $ 90 Segment profit $ 268 $ 34 $ 302 $ 360 $ 29 $ 389 $ 258 $ 17 $ 275 Segment margin(7) 4.6 % 9.5 % 4.9 % 5.6 % 7.2 % 5.6 % 3.8 % 4.3 % 3.9 % _____________ (1) Intersegment revenue is primarily commissions and other payments made by the XFS Segment to the Print and Other Segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements. (2) Cost of sales and Cost of services, maintenance and rentals for the Print and Other Segment excludes $8 and $43 from the reduction of inventory and the cancellation of related purchase contracts as a result of the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. (3) Cost of financing is Interest expense associated with allocated debt of the Company, and is fully allocated to the XFS segment in support of its Finance assets, while no interest expense is allocated to the Print and Other segment. (4) Includes bad debt expense for the Print and Other segment of $7 (Q124), $4 (Q224), $9 (Q324), and $5 (Q424), and bad debt expense for the XFS segment of $8 (Q124), $6 (Q224), $1 (Q324), and $2 (Q424). For the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 bad debt expense for the Print and Other segment was $25, $22, and $17 respectively, and bad debt expense for the XFS segment was $17, $6 and $26, respectively. (5) The Print and Other segment excludes $12 of Reinvention costs and $7 of Transaction and related costs, net for the year ended December 31, 2024. (6) Intersegment expense is primarily origination fees and commissions made by the Print and Other Segment to the XFS Segment which leases Xerox equipment to third parties. (7) Segment margin based on External revenue only. Capital Resources and Liquidity Our liquidity is primarily dependent on our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations. Additional liquidity is also provided through access to the financial capital markets and a committed asset-based revolving credit agreement (the ABL Facility), as well as through secured borrowings on our finance receivable balances and the sales and assignment of finance lease receivables. Accordingly, we believe we have sufficient liquidity to manage the business and settle obligations as they come due. The following is a summary of our liquidity position: • As of December 31, 2024, total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $631 million, and apart from restricted cash of $55 million, were readily accessible for use. • Total debt at December 31, 2024 was $3,399 million of which $1,741 million is internally allocated to and supports the Company's finance assets. The remaining debt of $1,658 million is attributable to the core business. Debt consists of senior unsecured notes, secured borrowings through the securitization of finance assets, and borrowings of $523 million under a Term Loan B credit facility (the TLB). Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details regarding our debt. • In March 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation issued $500 million of 8.875% Senior Notes due in 2029, as well as an aggregate $400 million of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2030. In connection with the issuance of the 2030 Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions, with the option counterparties, including certain of the initial purchasers of the 2030 Notes or their respective affiliates, at a cost of approximately $23 million. A portion of the aggregate net proceeds was used to repay, through a tender offer, approximately $84 million of the 3.80% Xerox Corporation Senior Notes due in 2024 and approximately $362 million of the 5.00% Xerox Holdings Corporation Senior Notes due in 2025. The remaining outstanding Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 56 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 56
3.80% Senior Notes that were not redeemed as part of the Senior Notes tender offer were repaid in May 2024. Approximately $388 million, which is the remaining portion of our 5.00% Senior Notes, is due in August 2025. In November 2024, the Company issued two non-interest bearing, secured promissory notes (the 2025 Note and the 2026 Note, or the Notes). Each of the Notes has a principal amount of $110 million. The total amount recorded was $210 million, and was net of unamortized debt discount of $10 million. The 2025 Note has a maturity date of October 8, 2025, and the 2026 Note has a maturity date of January 30, 2026. • In June 2024 we amended our ABL facility dated as of May 22, 2023, to (i) increase the commitments of the lenders under the ABL Credit Agreement from $300 million to $425 million and (ii) amend the excess availability used to trigger the fixed charge coverage ratio springing covenant from an amount equal to the greater of (A) $22.5 and (B) 10% of the Line Cap (the lesser of the aggregate amount of Revolving Commitments and the then-applicable Borrowing Base), to an amount equal to the greater of (x) $31.875 million and (y) 10% of the Line Cap. As of December 31, 2024, there were no borrowings under the ABL Facility, and $2 million of letters of credits were issued under the facility. During 2024, maximum borrowings under the ABL Facility were $130 million. • In January 2024, the Company entered into a new agreement with HPS Investment Partners (HPS) to transfer servicing of the majority of funding activity to HPS as well as extend the existing term to five years. In October 2024, the Company entered into a finance receivables funding agreement with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), pursuant to which the Company can offer for sale, and DLL may purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables. We received proceeds of $752 million related to finance receivables sold during 2024, which included sales of leases originated in prior years. • In December 2024, in connection with the Company's pending acquisition of Lexmark International II, LLC (Lexmark), Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation obtained commitments for new debt financing pursuant to (i) a commitment letter with certain Incremental Commitment Parties for approximately $357 million in senior secured incremental term loan facility (the Incremental Facility), (ii) a commitment letter with senior unsecured commitment parties to provide debt financing in the form of $250 million principal amount of senior unsecured notes, and (iii) a debt commitment letter with Jefferies Finance LLC and Jefferies LLC (collectively, Jefferies), pursuant to which Jefferies agreed to provide debt financing in the form of $250 million senior unsecured notes (the SUNs), and a committed $550 million senior secured term loan facility. Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation intend to use the majority of the proceeds from these commitments (and/or an equivalent amount of debt securities issued in lieu thereof), together with cash on hand and drawings under Xerox Corporation’s asset-backed revolving credit facility (as needed) to fund the purchase price of Lexmark, and to refinance $388 million of Xerox Holdings Corporation’s 5.00% Senior Notes due 2025. • We expect Operating cash flows to be between $420 million and $470 million in 2025. Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $70 million. Refer to Note 6 – Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our acquisition of ITsavvy and our pending acquisition of Lexmark, Note 8 – Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the sale of finance receivables and Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our debt activity. Cash Flow Analysis The following summarizes our cash flows for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, as reported in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements: Year Ended December 31, Change (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 511 $ 686 $ 159 $ (175) $ 527 Net cash used in investing activities (198) (5) (78) (193) 73 Net cash used in financing activities (271) (1,202) (822) 931 (380) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (28) (1) (29) (27) 28 Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 14 (522) (770) 536 248 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 617 1,139 1,909 (522) (770) Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Year $ 631 $ 617 $ 1,139 $ 14 $ (522) Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 57Xerox 2024 Annual Report 57
Cash Flows from Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities was $511 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The $175 million decrease in operating cash from 2023 was primarily due to the following: • $101 million decrease in pre-tax income before depreciation and amortization, provisions, gains on sales of businesses and assets, divestitures, PARC donation, stock-based compensation, goodwill impairment, restructuring and related costs, net and non-service retirement-related costs. • $245 million decrease from inventory primarily due to higher purchases related to a change in contractual terms with a large OEM vendor and decreased sales of equipment and supplies. • $126 million decrease from accrued compensation due to payments of higher year-end accruals. • $53 million decrease from higher restructuring and related payments. • $43 million decrease from higher pension contributions. • $242 million increase from accounts payable primarily due the timing of supplier and vendor payments. • $76 million increase from accounts receivable primarily due to lower revenues partially offset by timing of collections. • $49 million increase from finance receivables primarily due to a higher level of run-off as a result of lower originations, partially offset by lower sales of finance receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement. Refer to Note 8 – Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the sale of finance receivables. • $34 million increase due to lower placements of equipment on operating leases. Net cash provided by operating activities was $686 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The $527 million increase in operating cash from 2022 was primarily due to the following: • $116 million increase in pre-tax income before depreciation and amortization, provisions, gains on sales of businesses and assets, PARC donation, stock-based compensation, goodwill impairment, restructuring and related costs, net and non-service retirement-related costs. • $755 million increase from finance receivables reflecting the sale of approximately $1,100 million of finance receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement in the current year as well as lower indirect originations due to the change in XFS’s strategy to focus on leasing of Xerox equipment. These impacts were partially offset by higher originations from increased equipment sales. Refer to Note 8 – Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the sale of finance receivables. • $266 million increase from inventory primarily due to the prior year increase in inventory as compared to reductions in inventory in the current year reflecting increased sales of equipment and supplies. • $43 million increase from accounts receivable due to the lower quarterly revenues partially offset by the timing of collections. • $22 million increase from lower contributions to our retirement plans mainly due to additional contributions to our U.K. defined benefit pension plan not required in 2023. • $14 million increase from accrued compensation related to the year-over-year timing of payments. • $568 million decrease from accounts payable primarily due to the timing of supplier and vendor payments and lower year-over-year spending. • $141 million decrease from other current and long-term liabilities mainly attributable to the timing of payments of higher year-end accruals. • $29 million decrease from higher installs of equipment on operating leases. Cash Flows from Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities for Xerox Holdings was $198 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The $193 million increase in the use of cash from 2023 was primarily due to the following: • $154 million increase from acquisitions. • Other investing, net of Xerox Holdings includes $19 million of noncontrolling investments as part of our corporate venture capital fund for 2024 as compared to $5 million in the prior year. Net cash used in investing activities was $5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The $73 million decrease in the use of cash from 2022 was primarily due to lower acquisitions, capital expenditures and corporate venture capital investments, partially offset by lower proceeds from the sale of surplus buildings and other assets. Cash Flows from Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities for Xerox Holdings was $271 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The $931 million decrease in the use of cash from 2023 was due to the following: Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 58Xerox 2024 Annual Report 58
• $536 million decrease primarily due to the share repurchase from Icahn and Affiliated Parties in 2023. • $393 million decrease from net debt activity. 2024 reflects proceeds of $500 million on Senior Notes and $400 million on Convertible Senior Notes offset by net payments of $658 million on Senior Notes, deferred debt issuance costs of $18 million from Senior Notes issuances, $282 million on secured financing arrangements and $28 million on the Term Loan B facility. The $658 million of net payments on Senior Notes includes $300 million on Senior Notes that matured in May 2024 and $362 million for the early redemption of 2025 Senior Notes offset by a gain on the extinguishment of debt of $4 million. 2023 reflects net proceeds of $524 million from the Term Loan B facility, which is net of an original issue discount of $17 million and debt issuance costs payments of $9 million, and net proceeds of $107 million and $52 million from the refinance of our French and Canadian secured loans, respectively. These borrowings were offset by payments of $846 million on secured financing arrangements, $300 million on Senior Notes and deferred debt issuance costs payments of $14 million on the ABL Facility and the bridge Loan Facility used to initially fund the Icahn share repurchase, which was repaid in the 2023. The $846 million of payments on secured financing arrangements includes the early repayments of $270 million for U.S. secured borrowings. • $24 million decrease from common stock dividends due to lower outstanding shares. • $23 million increase from purchases of capped calls. Net cash used in financing activities for Xerox was $291 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. 2024 reflects proceeds of $500 million on Senior Notes and $400 million on Convertible Senior Notes offset by net payments of $658 million on Senior Notes, deferred debt issuance costs of $18 million from Senior Notes issuances, $282 million on secured financing arrangements and $28 million on the Term Loan B facility. The $658 million of net payments on Senior Notes includes $300 million on Senior Notes that matured in May 2024 and $362 million for the early redemption of 2025 Senior Notes offset by a gain on the extinguishment of debt of $4 million. 2023 reflects net proceeds of $524 million from the Term Loan B facility, which is net of an original issue discount of $17 million and debt issuance costs payments of $9 million, and net proceeds of $107 million and $52 million from the refinance of our French and Canadian secured loans, respectively. These borrowings were offset by payments of $846 million on secured financing arrangements, $300 million on Senior Notes and deferred debt issuance costs payments of $14 million on the ABL Facility and the bridge Loan Facility used to initially fund the Icahn share repurchase, which was repaid in the fourth quarter 2023. The $846 million of payments on secured financing arrangements includes the early repayments of $270 million for U.S. secured borrowings. Distributions to Xerox Holdings were $202 million and were primarily used to fund Xerox Holdings continuing dividends to shareholders and share repurchases. Xerox's distributions to the parent are expected to continue with those distributions primarily being used by Xerox Holdings to fund dividends and share repurchases. Net cash used in financing activities for Xerox Holdings was $1,202 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The $380 million increase in the use of cash from 2022 was primarily due to the following: • $431 million increase due to the share repurchase from Icahn and Affiliated Parties for $544 million in 2023 compared to $113 million of share repurchases in the prior year under the Company’s open-market share repurchase program. • $51 million decrease from net debt activity. 2023 reflects net proceeds of $524 million from the Term Loan B facility, which is net of an original issue discount of $17 million and debt issuance costs payments of $9 million, and net proceeds of $107 million and $52 million from the refinance of our French and Canadian secured loans, respectively. These borrowings were offset by payments of $846 million on secured financing arrangements, $300 million on Senior Notes and deferred debt issuance costs payments of $14 million on the ABL Facility and the bridge Loan Facility used to initially fund the Icahn share repurchase, which was repaid in the fourth quarter 2023. The $846 million of payments on secured financing arrangements includes the early repayments of $270 million for U.S. secured borrowings. 2022 reflects proceeds of $1,193 million on secured financing arrangements offset by payments of $714 million, $300 million on maturing 2022 Senior Notes and $703 million for the early partial redemption of 2023 Senior Notes, which includes a premium payment of $3 million. Net cash used in financing activities for Xerox was $1,207 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. 2023 reflects net proceeds of $524 million from the Term Loan B facility, which is net of an original issue discount of $17 million and debt issuance costs payments of $9 million, and net proceeds of $107 million and $52 million from the refinance of our French and Canadian secured loans, respectively. These borrowings were offset by payments of $846 million on secured financing arrangements, $300 million on Senior Notes and deferred debt issuance costs payments of $14 million on the ABL Facility and the bridge Loan Facility used to initially fund the Icahn share repurchase, which was repaid in the fourth quarter 2023. The $846 million of payments on secured financing arrangements includes the early repayments of $270 million for U.S. secured borrowings. 2022 reflects proceeds Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 59Xerox 2024 Annual Report 59
of $1,193 million on secured financing arrangements offset by payments of $714 million, $300 million on maturing 2022 Senior Notes and $703 million for the early partial redemption of 2023 Senior Notes, which includes a premium payment of $3 million. Distributions to Xerox Holdings were $722 million and were primarily used to fund Xerox Holdings continuing dividends to shareholders and share repurchases. Xerox's distributions to the parent are expected to continue with those distributions primarily being used by Xerox Holdings to fund dividends and share repurchases. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding debt activity and Note 22 – Shareholders’ Equity in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Icahn share repurchase. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Refer to Note 14 - Supplementary Financial Information in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding restricted cash. Operating Leases We have operating leases for real estate and vehicles in our domestic and international operations and for certain equipment in our domestic operations. Additionally, we have identified embedded operating leases within certain supply chain contracts for warehouses, primarily within our domestic operations. Our leases have remaining terms of up to ten years and a variety of renewal and/or termination options. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, total operating lease liabilities were $188 million and $182 million, respectively. Finance Leases Xerox has finance leases for equipment in the U.S. and Europe, as well as for vehicles and related infrastructure, within outsourced warehouse supply arrangements, in the U.S. These leases have remaining maturities up to five years. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, total finance lease liabilities were $53 million and $17 million, respectively. The increase in finance leases since December 31, 2023 is primarily related to an agreement entered into during the second half of 2024 to lease vehicles in the U.S. Refer to Note 11 - Lessee in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our right- of-use (ROU) assets and lease obligations associated with our operating and finance leases. Debt and Customer Financing Activities The following summarizes our total debt: December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 2,038 $ 1,500 Xerox Corporation 1,343 1,450 Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(1) 70 361 Subtotal - Principal debt balance 3,451 3,311 Debt issuance costs Xerox Holdings Corporation (19) (6) Xerox Corporation (11) (12) Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(1) — (1) Subtotal - Debt issuance costs (30) (19) Net unamortized (discount) premium (22) (15) Total Debt $ 3,399 $ 3,277 _____________ (1) Represents secured debt issued by subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation as part of the securitization of finance receivables. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our debt activity. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 60Xerox 2024 Annual Report 60
Finance Assets and Related Debt We provide lease equipment financing to our customers. Our lease contracts permit customers to pay for equipment over time rather than at the date of installation. Our investment in these contracts is reflected in total finance assets, net. We primarily fund our customer financing activity through cash generated from operations, cash on hand, sales and securitizations of finance receivables and proceeds from capital markets offerings. We have arrangements, in certain international countries where third-party leasing companies or financial institutions independently provide lease financing directly to our customers, on a non-recourse basis to Xerox. In these arrangements, we sell and transfer title of the equipment to these entities. Generally, we have no continuing ownership rights in the equipment subsequent to its sale; therefore, the unrelated third-party finance receivable and debt are not included in our Consolidated Financial Statements. The following represents our total finance assets, net associated with our lease and finance operations: December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 Total finance receivables, net(1) $ 1,745 $ 2,510 Equipment on operating leases, net 245 265 Total Finance assets, net (2) $ 1,990 $ 2,775 ____________ (1) Includes (i) Billed portion of finance receivables, net, (ii) Finance receivables, net and (iii) Finance receivables due after one year, net as included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. (2) The change from December 31, 2023 includes an increase of $70 million due to currency. Our lease contracts permit customers to pay for equipment over time rather than at the date of installation; therefore, we maintain a certain level of debt (that we refer to as financing debt) to support our investment in these lease contracts, which are reflected in Total finance receivables, net. For this financing aspect of our business, we maintain an assumed 7:1 leverage ratio of debt to equity as compared to our finance assets. Approximately 45% of our Total Finance assets, net balance at December 31, 2024 includes indirect lease financing primarily provided to end-user customers who purchased Xerox and non-Xerox equipment sold through distributors, resellers and dealers. Based on this leverage, the following represents the breakdown of total debt between financing debt and core debt: December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 Finance receivables debt(1) $ 1,527 $ 2,196 Equipment on operating leases debt 214 232 Financing debt 1,741 2,428 Core debt 1,658 849 Total Debt $ 3,399 $ 3,277 _____________ (1) Finance receivables debt is the basis for our calculation of “Cost of financing” expense in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. At December 31, 2024, leverage was assessed against the total debt of Xerox Holdings Corporation and Xerox Corporation since the debt held by Xerox Holdings Corporation is guaranteed by Xerox Corporation and the funds from that borrowing were contributed in full by Xerox Holdings Corporation to Xerox Corporation. In 2025, we expect to continue leveraging our finance assets on a total debt basis at an assumed 7:1 ratio of debt to equity. Sales of Finance Receivables The Company has expanded the finance receivables funding agreement with an affiliate of HPS Investment Partners (HPS) pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer for sale, and HPS agreed to purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables, on a monthly basis, in transactions structured as "true sales at law," and bankruptcy remote transfers. We have received an opinion to that effect from outside legal counsel. Accordingly, the receivables sold are derecognized from our financial statements and HPS does not have recourse back to the Company for uncollectible receivables. In addition, the agreement provides for the sale of the underlying leased equipment to HPS, with a commission paid by HPS covering the value associated with the underlying equipment being sold to HPS. The Company retains a first right of refusal to repurchase the underlying equipment at the end of the lease term, to the extent offered for sale by HPS, at its then fair value. In January 2024, we entered into a new agreement with HPS to transfer the servicing of the majority of funding activity to HPS as well as extend the existing term to five years. This agreement automatically renews for a one- year period unless terminated by either the Company or HPS. Xerox will be required to pay a specified fee to Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 61Xerox 2024 Annual Report 61
service the Company’s retained receivables. Xerox will continue to service the lease receivables from prior arrangements with HPS for a specified fee. In October 2024, the Company entered into a finance receivables funding agreement with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), pursuant to which the Company can offer for sale, and DLL may purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables structured as “true sales at law” and bankruptcy remote transfers and we have received an opinion to that effect from outside counsel. This finance receivables funding agreement has an initial term of five years, with automatic one-year extensions thereafter, unless terminated by either the Company or DLL. The Company will be paid a commission on lease receivables sold and will continue to service the lease receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement. If the portfolio performs above a certain level of incremental service, a fee can be earned annually. Refer to Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our sales of finance receivables. Third Party Leasing Programs In 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with PEAC Solutions (a subsidiary of HPS) that named PEAC as the provider of certain leasing and financial services programs for Xerox and non-Xerox equipment sold through our U.S. network of independent dealers and resellers. Our partnership with PEAC Solutions was further expanded to include the transition of some XFS U.S. employees in risk, IT, and operations to PEAC Solutions. PEAC Solutions is Xerox's preferred financing partner, primary funder, and service provider for XBS leases in the U.S. Capital Market/Debt Activity During 2024, we received proceeds of $900 million from the issuance of Senior Notes and Convertible Senior Notes. We made net payments of $658 million on Senior Notes, including $300 million on Senior Notes that matured in May 2024 and $362 million for the early redemption of 2025 Senior Notes offset by early redemption premium of $4 million. In addition, we made payments of $18 million on deferred debt issuance costs from Senior Notes issuances, $282 million on secured financing arrangements and $28 million on the Term Loan B facility. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our debt activity, as well as our secured financing arrangements. Financial Instruments In September 2024, we entered into two floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps for $300 million to hedge against interest rate volatility associated with any of our floating rate debt which was primarily under our Term Loan B Credit Agreement (TLB). The TLB had an outstanding principal balance of $523 million as of December 31, 2024. The remaining portion of the TLB of $223 million is not hedged, and is subject to interest rate fluctuations. Refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Share Repurchase Programs - Treasury Stock There were no repurchases of Xerox Holdings Corporation's Common Stock for the year ended December 31, 2024. On September 28, 2023, Xerox Holdings Corporation entered into a share purchase agreement with Carl C. Icahn and certain of his affiliates pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase an aggregate of approximately 34 million shares of the Company’s common stock for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $542 million, exclusive of fees and expenses. Refer to Note 22 - Shareholders' Equity in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our share repurchases. Dividends Aggregate dividends of $128 million, $146 million, and $159 million were declared on common stock in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in dividends since 2022 primarily reflects lower shares of common stock outstanding as a result of our share repurchase programs. Aggregate dividends of $14 million were declared on preferred stock in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In conjunction with this financing, the Xerox Board of Directors approved a change in the dividend policy to reduce the Xerox annual dividend from $1 per share to 50 cents per share starting with the dividend expected to be declared in the first quarter of 2025. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 62Xerox 2024 Annual Report 62
Liquidity and Financial Flexibility We manage our worldwide liquidity using internal cash management practices, which are subject to (i) the statutes, regulations and practices of each of the local jurisdictions in which we operate, (ii) the legal requirements of the agreements to which we are a party and (iii) the policies and cooperation of the financial institutions we utilize to maintain and provide cash management services. Our principal debt maturities are in line with historical and projected cash flows and are spread over the next five years as follows: (in millions) Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Corporation Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(1) Total 2025 - Q1 $ — $ 34 $ 18 $ 52 2025 - Q2 — 35 17 52 2025 - Q3 388 34 17 439 2025 - Q4 — 35 15 50 2026 — 151 3 154 2027 — 55 — 55 2028 750 55 — 805 2029 500 344 — 844 2030 and thereafter 400 600 — 1,000 Total $ 2,038 $ 1,343 $ 70 $ 3,451 _____________ (1) Represents subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our debt. Pension and Retiree Health Benefit Plans We sponsor defined benefit pension plans and retiree health plans that require periodic cash contributions. Our 2024 cash contributions for these plans were $127 million for our defined benefit pension plans and $18 million for our retiree health plans. In 2025, based on current actuarial calculations, we expect to make contributions of approximately $140 million to our worldwide defined benefit pension plans and $20 million to our retiree health benefit plans. Approximately $85 million of estimated contributions for 2024 are for our U.S. tax-qualified defined benefit plans. However, once the next actuarial valuations and projected results are available, actual contributions required to meet minimum funding requirements will be determined and finalized and may change from the current estimate. Contributions to our defined benefit pension plans in subsequent years will depend on multiple factors, including the investment performance of plan assets and discount rates as well as potential legislative and plan changes. Although all of our major defined benefit plans have been amended to freeze current benefits and eliminate benefit accruals for future service, several plans remain under-funded or unfunded by design. The projected benefit obligations for these benefit plans at December 31, 2024 exceeded the fair value of the assets of those plans by $1,067 million, which is a decrease of $123 million from the balance at December 31, 2023, of $1,190 million. The decrease is largely due to increased discount rates and the resultant decrease in projected benefit obligations. Cash contributions to our retiree health plans are made each year to cover medical premiums and claim costs incurred during the year. Our retiree health benefit plans are unfunded and are primarily related to our U.S. and Canada operations. The unfunded balance of our retiree health plans of $173 million at December 31, 2024 decreased by $20 million from the balance at December 31, 2023, primarily due to benefit payments as well as increased discount rates. Refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding contributions to our defined benefit pension and retiree health plans. FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. We purchased products, including parts and supplies, from FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. totaling $886 million, $933 million, and $1,175 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Our product supply agreements with FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp. are designed to support the entire product lifecycle, end-to-end, including the availability of spare parts, consumables and technical support throughout the time such products are with our customers. Our purchase orders under such agreements are made in the normal course of business and typically have a lead time of three months. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 63Xerox 2024 Annual Report 63
Shared Services and Technology Arrangements In the third quarter 2024, Xerox entered into an agreement with HCL Technologies Limited (HCL), to renew and extend the original shared services arrangement contract, entered into in 2019, in which HCL provides certain global administrative and support functions to Xerox. In addition to the existing shared services arrangement, HCL will support Xerox's Global Business Services (GBS) organization with professional services support, sales efficiency, and remote problem-solving. Xerox can terminate the arrangement at any time starting in July 2025, subject to payment of termination fees that decline over the term, or for cause. In the second quarter 2024, Xerox entered into a seven year agreement with Tata Consulting Services (TCS), for the purpose of consolidating Xerox’s technology services to improve business outcomes, migrate legacy data centers to the cloud, deploy a cloud-based digital ERP platform to transform business processes, and incorporate generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) into operations to help drive sustainable growth. The agreement expanded Xerox's previous partnership entered into with TCS in 2021, under which TCS will continue to provide business processing outsourcing services in support of our global finance and accounting organization; there were no changes to the terms of the business processing outsourcing services agreement. Xerox can terminate the arrangement with 90 days' notice, subject to payment of a termination fee. In connection with the technology agreement with TCS, Xerox also entered into seven-year agreements with both SAP Limited (SAP), who will provide Xerox with a cloud-based digital ERP platform, and Microsoft, who will provide their Azure cloud platform services. In the second quarter 2024, Xerox entered into a five-year agreement with Verizon Business Services (Verizon) to provide their Network as a Service (NaaS) solutions framework as part of Xerox's Reinvention. Under the terms of the agreement, Verizon will provide a secure network platform solution delivering network services to Xerox business locations globally. The approximate aggregate spending commitments related to these shared services and technology arrangements are as follows: (in millions) December 31, 2024 Agreement Term HCL(1) $ 550 5 Years TCS(1) 460 7 Years Microsoft 118 7 Years SAP 51 7 Years Verizon 97 5 Years _____________ (1) Represents all contractual arrangements between Xerox and the vendor. We incurred net charges for these shared service and technology agreements of $259 million, $227 million and $220 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The costs have been allocated to the various functional expense lines in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income based on an estimate of the nature and amount of the costs incurred for the various transferred functions. Other Contingencies and Commitments Refer to Note 20 - Contingencies and Litigation in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our other contingencies and commitments. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 64Xerox 2024 Annual Report 64
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We may occasionally utilize off-balance sheet arrangements in our operations (as defined by the SEC Financial Reporting Release 67 (FRR-67), “Disclosure in Management’s Discussion and Analysis about Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations”). We enter into the following arrangements that have off- balance sheet elements: • We have a facility in Europe where we sell certain accounts receivables on a recurring basis. Refer to Note 7 - Accounts Receivable, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding accounts receivable sales. • Since 2022, the Company has entered into Master Agreements for the sale and assignment of lease receivables with two counterparties that establishes a committed sale and purchase facility pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer for sale certain eligible pools of finance receivables relating to equipment leases on a monthly basis in transactions intended to be true sales. For the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company sold finance leases under these agreements, and received proceeds of $752 million, $1,102 million, and $60 million, respectively. We will continue to service a portion of those lease receivables, and we will earn a servicing fee on a portion of those lease receivables serviced. Refer to Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net in the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding this arrangement. As of December 31, 2024, we do not believe we have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future effect on financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. In addition, refer to Note 20 - Contingencies and Litigation in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding contingencies, guarantees, indemnifications and warranty liabilities. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 65 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 65
Non-GAAP Financial Measures We have reported our financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In addition, we have discussed our financial results using the non-GAAP measures described below. We believe these non-GAAP measures allow investors to better understand the trends in our business and to better understand and compare our results. Management regularly uses our supplemental non-GAAP financial measures internally to understand, manage and evaluate our business and make operating decisions. These non-GAAP measures are among the primary factors management uses in planning for and forecasting future periods. Compensation of our executives is based in part on the performance of our business based on these non-GAAP measures. Accordingly, we believe it is necessary to adjust several reported amounts, determined in accordance with GAAP, to exclude the effects of certain items as well as their related income tax effects. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the Company’s reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP measures and should be read only in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP are set forth below. Adjusted Earnings Measures • Adjusted Net Income and Earnings per share (Adjusted EPS) • Adjusted Effective Tax Rate The above measures were adjusted for the following items: Restructuring and related costs, net: Restructuring and related costs, net include restructuring and asset impairment charges as well as costs associated with our transformation programs beyond those normally included in restructuring and asset impairment charges. Restructuring consists of costs primarily related to severance and benefits paid to employees pursuant to formal restructuring and workforce reduction plans. Asset impairment includes costs incurred for those assets sold, abandoned or made obsolete as a result of our restructuring actions, exiting from a business or other strategic business changes. Additional costs for our transformation programs are primarily related to the implementation of strategic actions and initiatives and include third-party professional service costs as well as one-time incremental costs. All of these costs can vary significantly in terms of amount and frequency based on the nature of the actions as well as the changing needs of the business. Accordingly, due to that significant variability, we will exclude these charges since we do not believe they provide meaningful insight into our current or past operating performance nor do we believe they are reflective of our expected future operating expenses as such charges are expected to yield future benefits and savings with respect to our operational performance. Amortization of intangible assets: The amortization of intangible assets is driven by our acquisition activity which can vary in size, nature and timing as compared to other companies within our industry and from period to period. The use of intangible assets contributed to our revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to our future period revenues as well. Amortization of intangible assets will recur in future periods. Non-service retirement-related costs: Our defined benefit pension and retiree health costs include several elements impacted by changes in plan assets and obligations that are primarily driven by changes in the debt and equity markets as well as those that are predominantly legacy in nature and related to employees who are no longer providing current service to the Company (e.g., retirees and ex-employees). These elements include (i) interest cost, (ii) expected return on plan assets, (iii) amortization of prior plan amendments, (iv) amortized actuarial gains/losses and (v) the impacts of any plan settlements/curtailments. Accordingly, we consider these elements of our periodic retirement plan costs to be outside the operational performance of the business or legacy costs and not necessarily indicative of current or future cash flow requirements. This approach is consistent with the classification of these costs as non-operating in Other expenses, net. Adjusted earnings will continue to include the service cost elements of our retirement costs, which is related to current employee service as well as the cost of our defined contribution plans. Transaction and related costs, net: Transaction and related costs, net are costs and expenses primarily associated with certain major or significant strategic M&A projects. These costs are primarily for third-party legal, accounting, consulting and other similar type professional services as well as potential legal settlements that may arise in connection with those M&A transactions. These costs are considered incremental to our normal operating charges and were incurred or are expected to be incurred solely as a result of the planned transactions. Accordingly, we are Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 66Xerox 2024 Annual Report 66
excluding these expenses from our Adjusted Earnings Measures in order to evaluate our performance on a comparable basis. Discrete, unusual or infrequent items: We excluded the following items, when applicable, given their discrete, unusual or infrequent nature and their impact on the comparability of our results for the current period to prior periods: • Inventory impact related to the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations • Stock compensation expense associated with the accelerated vesting of all outstanding equity awards, according to the terms of the award agreement, in connection with the passing of Xerox Holding's former CEO • Goodwill impairment loss • Divestitures • PARC donation • Reinvention-related costs • Contract termination costs - product supply • Tax Indemnification - Conduent • Gains and Losses on early extinguishment of debt • Deferred tax asset valuation allowance Adjusted Operating Income and Margin We calculate and utilize adjusted operating income and margin measures by adjusting our reported pre-tax (loss) income and margin amounts. In addition to the costs and expenses noted above as adjustments for our adjusted earnings measures, adjusted operating income and margin also exclude the remaining amounts included in Other expenses, net, which are primarily non-financing interest expense and certain other non-operating costs and expenses. We exclude these amounts in order to evaluate our current and past operating performance and to better understand the expected future trends in our business. Constant Currency (CC) Refer to the Currency Impact section in the MD&A for a discussion of this measure and its use in our analysis of revenue growth. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 67Xerox 2024 Annual Report 67
Adjusted Net Income and EPS Reconciliation Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions, except per share amounts) Net (Loss) Income EPS Net (Loss) Income EPS Net (Loss) Income EPS Reported(1) (2) $ (1,321) $ (10.75) $ 1 $ (0.09) $ (322) $ (2.15) Adjustments: Inventory-related impact - exit of certain production print manufacturing operations(3) 51 — — Accelerated share vesting — — 21 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and related costs, net 112 167 65 Amortization of intangible assets 73 43 42 Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Non-service retirement-related costs 80 19 (12) Reinvention-related costs 12 — — Transaction and related costs, net (31) — — Contract termination costs - product supply — — 33 Tax indemnification - Conduent — (7) — (Gain) Loss on early extinguishment of debt (2) 10 5 Income tax on Goodwill impairment(4) (43) — — Income tax on PARC donation(4) — (40) — Deferred tax asset valuation allowance(4) 169 — — Income tax on adjustments(4) (70) (38) (55) Adjusted $ 135 $ 0.97 $ 287 $ 1.82 $ 189 $ 1.12 Dividends on preferred stock used in adjusted EPS calculation(3) $ 14 $ 14 $ 14 Weighted average shares for adjusted EPS(5) 126 151 157 Estimated fully diluted shares at December 31, 2024(6) 127 _____________ (1) Net (Loss) income and EPS. (2) Full-year 2024 Pre-Tax (Loss) and Margin, and Diluted (Loss) per Share, include the following: Q1-24 $129 million pre-tax ($100 million after- tax) Reinvention-related charge, or $0.81 per share, primarily related to the exit of certain Production Print manufacturing operations and geographic simplification; Q3-24 pre-tax non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $1,058 million ($1,015 million after-tax), or $8.17 per share; Q4-24 $37 million pre-tax ($28 million after-tax) write-off of intangibles, or $0.22 per share, and $19 million of pre-tax ($15 million after-tax) Reinvention-related and acquisition charges, or $0.12 per share. Full year 2024 EPS also includes a Q3-24 tax expense charge of $161 million, or $1.30 per share, related to the establishment of a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets to reflect their realizability. This adjustment was excluded due to its unique nature and significant impact which is not considered part of our core operations. Full year 2023 includes a Q2-23 net pre-tax PARC donation charge of $132 million ($92 million after-tax), or $0.58 per share, and a Q4-23 $104 million pre-tax Restructuring and related costs, net charge ($78 million after-tax), or $0.52 per share, related to the Reinvention-related workforce reduction. (3) Reflects the reduction of inventory of approximately $45 million and the cancellation of related purchase contracts of approximately $6 million, as a result of the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. (4) Refer to Adjusted Effective Tax Rate reconciliation. (5) For those periods that include the preferred stock dividend, the average shares for the calculations of diluted EPS exclude 7 million shares associated with our Series A Convertible preferred stock. (6) Represents common shares outstanding at December 31, 2024, plus potential dilutive common shares used for the calculation of adjusted diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2024. Excludes shares associated with our Series A convertible preferred stock, which were anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2024. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 68 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 68
Adjusted Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Pre-Tax (Loss) Income Income Tax Expense Effective Tax Rate Pre-Tax (Loss) Income Income Tax (Benefit) Expense Effective Tax Rate Pre-Tax (Loss) Income Income Tax (Benefit) Expense Effective Tax Rate Reported(1) $ (1,216) $ 105 (8.6) % $ (28) $ (29) 103.6 % $ (325) $ (3) 0.9 % Goodwill impairment(2) 1,058 43 — — 412 17 PARC donation(2) — — 132 40 — — Deferred tax asset valuation allowance — (169) — — — — Non-GAAP Adjustments(2) 342 70 232 38 154 38 Adjusted(3) $ 184 $ 49 26.6 % $ 336 $ 49 14.6 % $ 241 $ 52 21.6 % _____________ (1) Pre-tax Loss and Income tax expense (benefit). (2) Refer to Adjusted Net Income and EPS reconciliation for details. (3) The tax impact on Adjusted Pre-Tax Income is calculated under the same accounting principles applied to the Reported Pre-Tax Loss under ASC 740, which employs an annual effective tax rate method to the results. Adjusted Operating Income and Margin Reconciliation Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) (Loss) Profit Revenue Margin Profit (Loss) Revenue Margin (Loss) Profit Revenue Margin Net (Loss) Income $ (1,321) $ 6,221 $ 1 $ 6,886 $ (322) $ 7,107 Adjustments: Income tax expense (benefit) 105 $ — (29) $ — (3) $ — Pre-tax (loss) $ (1,216) $ 6,221 (19.5) % $ (28) $ 6,886 (0.4) % $ (325) $ 7,107 (4.6) % Adjustments: Inventory impact related to the exit of certain Production Print manufacturing operations(1) 51 — — Reinvention Costs 12 — — Accelerated share vesting — — 21 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and related costs, net 112 167 65 Amortization of intangible assets 73 43 42 Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Transaction and related costs, net 7 — — Other expenses, net(2)(3) 158 75 60 Adjusted $ 302 $ 6,221 4.9 % $ 389 $ 6,886 5.6 % $ 275 $ 7,107 3.9 % _____________ (1) Reflects the reduction of inventory of approximately $45 million and the cancellation of related purchase contracts of approximately $6 million, as a result of the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. (2) Includes $38 million of insurance proceeds related to a legal settlement for the reimbursement of certain legal and other professional costs, associated with a past potential merger, for the year ended December 31, 2024. (3) Includes non-service retirement-related costs. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 69 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 69
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Financial Risk Management We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, which could affect operating results, financial position and cash flows. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. We utilized derivative financial instruments to hedge economic exposures, as well as reduce earnings and cash flow volatility resulting from shifts in market rates. Recent market events have not caused us to materially modify or change our financial risk management strategies with respect to our exposures to interest rate and foreign currency risk. Refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion on our financial risk management. Foreign Exchange Risk Management Assuming a 10% appreciation or depreciation in foreign currency exchange rates from the quoted foreign currency exchange rates at December 31, 2024, it would not significantly change the value of foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities as all material currency asset and liability exposures were economically hedged as of December 31, 2024. A 10% appreciation or depreciation of the U.S. Dollar against all currencies from the quoted foreign currency exchange rates at December 31, 2024 would have an impact on our cumulative translation adjustment portion of equity of approximately $233 million. The net amount invested in foreign subsidiaries and affiliates, primarily Xerox Limited and Xerox Canada Inc. and translated into U.S. Dollars using the year-end exchange rates, was approximately $2.3 billion at December 31, 2024. Interest Rate Risk Management The consolidated average interest rate associated with our total debt for 2024, 2023 and 2022 approximated 6.5%, 6.0%, and 5.3%, respectively. Interest expense includes the impact of our interest rate derivatives. Nearly all of our customer-financing assets earn fixed rates of interest. The interest rates on a significant portion of the Company's term debt are fixed. As of December 31, 2024, of our total principal debt of $3,451 million, a total of $593 million of secured borrowings carried variable interest rates, of which $523 million Term Loan B (TLB) has a variable interest rate based on SOFR plus a spread, and the remaining $70 million, related to our securitizations, has a variable interest rate based on the financial institution's cost of funds plus a spread. The fair market values of our fixed-rate financial instruments are sensitive to changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2024, a 10% increase in market interest rates would reduce the fair values of such financial instruments by approximately $86 million. The principal balance of our secured borrowings with a variable rate was $593 million as of December 31, 2024. These variable rate secured borrowings have fixed interest rate caps and swaps with notional amounts of $377 million. As of December 31, 2024, $300 million include derivatives which were designated as cash flow hedges. Our securitizations, which have a notional amount of $77 million, have associated interest rate caps that were dedesignated as cash flow hedges during 2024. A 10% change in the yield curve, representing approximately 50 basis points, will increase the derivative mark-to- market by approximately $4 million. Refer to Note 15 - Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our interest expense and our secured borrowings and Note 16 - Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our interest rate caps and swaps. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 70Xerox 2024 Annual Report 70
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Xerox Holdings Corporation Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Xerox Holdings Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of (loss) income, of comprehensive loss, of shareholders' equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO. Basis for Opinions The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management has excluded ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. ("ITsavvy") from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 because it was acquired by the Company in a purchase business combination during 2024. We have also excluded ITsavvy from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. ITsavvy is a wholly-owned subsidiary whose total assets and total revenues excluded from management’s assessment and our audit of internal control over financial reporting represented less than 1%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 71Xerox 2024 Annual Report 71
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Goodwill Impairment Assessment - Print and Other Reporting Unit As described in Notes 2 and 12 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated goodwill, net balance was $1,937 million as of December 31, 2024, which is fully allocated to the Print and Other reporting unit. Management assesses goodwill for impairment at least annually, and more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, goodwill is considered impaired, and management would recognize an impairment loss for the excess. In a quantitative impairment test, management assesses goodwill by comparing the carrying amount of the reporting unit to its fair value, and the fair value of the reporting unit is determined by using a weighted combination of an income approach and a market approach. In the third quarter of 2024, management concluded that a quantitative impairment test of goodwill was required. Based on that test, management determined that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit had declined below its carrying value and recognized an after-tax non-cash impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax) related to the Company’s goodwill. As disclosed by management, the income approach is based on the discounted cash flow method that uses management’s estimates of forecasted future financial performance including revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes. Projected cash flows are then discounted to a present value employing a discount rate that properly accounts for the estimated market weighted-average cost of capital, as well as any risks unique to the subject cash flows. The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Print and Other reporting unit is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes, and the discount rate; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge. Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, including controls over the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow method used by management; (iii) testing the completeness and Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 72Xerox 2024 Annual Report 72
accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow method; and (iv) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes, and the discount rate. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating (i) the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow method and (ii) the reasonableness of the discount rate assumption. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Stamford, Connecticut February 24, 2025 We have served as the Company’s or its predecessor's auditor since 2001. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 73Xerox 2024 Annual Report 73
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of Xerox Corporation Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Xerox Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of (loss) income, of comprehensive loss, of shareholder’s equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO. Basis for Opinions The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management has excluded ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. ("ITsavvy") from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 because it was acquired by the Company in a purchase business combination during 2024. We have also excluded ITsavvy from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. ITsavvy is a wholly-owned subsidiary whose total assets and total revenues excluded from management’s assessment and our audit of internal control over financial reporting represented less than 1%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 74Xerox 2024 Annual Report 74
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Goodwill Impairment Assessment - Print and Other Reporting Unit As described in Notes 2 and 12 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated goodwill, net balance was $1,937 million as of December 31, 2024, which is fully allocated to the Print and Other reporting unit. Management assesses goodwill for impairment at least annually, and more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, goodwill is considered impaired, and management would recognize an impairment loss for the excess. In a quantitative impairment test, management assesses goodwill by comparing the carrying amount of the reporting unit to its fair value, and the fair value of the reporting unit is determined by using a weighted combination of an income approach and a market approach. In the third quarter of 2024, management concluded that a quantitative impairment test of goodwill was required. Based on that test, management determined that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit had declined below its carrying value and recognized an after-tax non-cash impairment charge of $1,015 million ($1,058 million pre-tax) related to the Company’s goodwill. As disclosed by management, the income approach is based on the discounted cash flow method that uses management’s estimates of forecasted future financial performance including revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes. Projected cash flows are then discounted to a present value employing a discount rate that properly accounts for the estimated market weighted-average cost of capital, as well as any risks unique to the subject cash flows. The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Print and Other reporting unit is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes, and the discount rate; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge. Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, including controls over the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow method used by management; (iii) testing the completeness and Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 75Xerox 2024 Annual Report 75
accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow method; and (iv) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes, and the discount rate. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to estimates of forecasted revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, and taxes involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the Print and Other reporting unit; (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating (i) the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow method and (ii) the reasonableness of the discount rate assumption. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Stamford, Connecticut February 24, 2025 We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2001. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 76Xerox 2024 Annual Report 76
Xerox Holdings Corporation Reports of Management Management's Responsibility for Financial Statements The management of Xerox Holdings Corporation is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of all information presented in this annual report. The Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts based on management's best estimates and judgments. Management believes the Consolidated Financial Statements fairly reflect the form and substance of transactions and that the financial statements fairly represent Xerox Holdings Corporation's financial position and results of operations. The Audit Committee of the Xerox Holdings Corporation Board of Directors, which is composed solely of independent directors, meets regularly with the independent auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the internal auditors and representatives of management to review accounting, financial reporting, internal control and audit matters, as well as the nature and extent of the audit effort. The Audit Committee is responsible for the engagement of the independent auditors. The independent auditors and internal auditors have free access to the Audit Committee. Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The management of Xerox Holdings Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the above evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included herein. /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK /s/ MIRLANDA GECAJ /s/ WILLIAM TWOMEY Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial Officer Chief Accounting Officer Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 77Xerox 2024 Annual Report 77
Xerox Corporation Reports of Management Management's Responsibility for Financial Statements The management of Xerox Corporation is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of all information presented in this annual report. The Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts based on management's best estimates and judgments. Management believes the Consolidated Financial Statements fairly reflect the form and substance of transactions and that the financial statements fairly represent Xerox Corporation's financial position and results of operations. The Audit Committee of the Xerox Holdings Corporation Board of Directors, which is composed solely of independent directors, meets regularly with the independent auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the internal auditors and representatives of management to review accounting, financial reporting, internal control and audit matters, as well as the nature and extent of the audit effort. The Audit Committee is responsible for the engagement of the independent auditors. The independent auditors and internal auditors have free access to the Audit Committee. Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The management of Xerox Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the above evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included herein. /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK /s/ MIRLANDA GECAJ /s/ WILLIAM TWOMEY Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial Officer Chief Accounting Officer Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 78Xerox 2024 Annual Report 78
Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income Year Ended December 31, (in millions, except per-share data) 2024 2023 2022 Revenues Sales $ 2,378 $ 2,720 $ 2,800 Services, maintenance and rentals 3,692 3,975 4,100 Financing 151 191 207 Total Revenues 6,221 6,886 7,107 Costs and Expenses Cost of sales 1,562 1,778 2,002 Cost of services, maintenance and rentals 2,593 2,664 2,679 Cost of financing 106 130 108 Research, development and engineering expenses 191 229 304 Selling, administrative and general expenses 1,537 1,696 1,760 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and related costs, net 112 167 65 Amortization of intangible assets 73 43 42 Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Other expenses, net 158 75 60 Total Costs and Expenses 7,437 6,914 7,432 Loss before Income Taxes (1,216) (28) (325) Income tax expense (benefit) 105 (29) (3) Net (Loss) Income (1,321) 1 (322) Less: Preferred stock dividends, net (14) (14) (14) Net Loss Attributable to Common Shareholders $ (1,335) $ (13) $ (336) Basic Loss per Share $ (10.75) $ (0.09) $ (2.15) Diluted Loss per Share $ (10.75) $ (0.09) $ (2.15) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 79Xerox 2024 Annual Report 79
Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Net (Loss) Income $ (1,321) $ 1 $ (322) Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net(1) Translation adjustments, net (120) 191 (376) Unrealized gains (losses), net 9 1 (2) Changes in defined benefit plans, net 88 (331) (171) Other Comprehensive Loss, Net (23) (139) (549) Comprehensive Loss, Net $ (1,344) $ (138) $ (871) _____________ (1) Refer to Note 24 - Other Comprehensive Loss for gross components of Other Comprehensive Loss, reclassification adjustments out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and related tax effects. . The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 80Xerox 2024 Annual Report 80
Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, (in millions, except share data in thousands) 2024 2023 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 576 $ 519 Accounts receivable (net of allowance of $69 and $64, respectively) 796 850 Billed portion of finance receivables (net of allowance of $2 and $4, respectively) 48 71 Finance receivables, net 608 842 Inventories 695 661 Other current assets 212 234 Total current assets 2,935 3,177 Finance receivables due after one year (net of allowance of $55 and $88, respectively) 1,089 1,597 Equipment on operating leases, net 245 265 Land, buildings and equipment, net 251 266 Intangible assets, net 236 177 Goodwill, net 1,937 2,747 Deferred tax assets 615 745 Other long-term assets 1,057 1,034 Total Assets $ 8,365 $ 10,008 Liabilities and Equity Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt $ 585 $ 567 Accounts payable 1,023 1,044 Accrued compensation and benefits costs 227 306 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 784 862 Total current liabilities 2,619 2,779 Long-term debt 2,814 2,710 Pension and other benefit liabilities 1,088 1,216 Post-retirement medical benefits 154 171 Other long-term liabilities 386 360 Total Liabilities 7,061 7,236 Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 20) Noncontrolling Interests (See Note 6) 10 10 Convertible Preferred Stock 214 214 Common stock 124 123 Additional paid-in capital 1,137 1,114 Retained earnings 3,514 4,977 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (3,699) (3,676) Xerox Holdings shareholders’ equity 1,076 2,538 Noncontrolling interests 4 10 Total Equity 1,080 2,548 Total Liabilities and Equity $ 8,365 $ 10,008 Shares of Common Stock Issued and Outstanding 124,435 123,144 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 81Xerox 2024 Annual Report 81
Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Cash Flows from Operating Activities Net (Loss) Income $ (1,321) $ 1 $ (322) Adjustments required to reconcile Net (loss) income to Cash flows provided by operating activities Depreciation and amortization 274 251 270 Provisions 110 54 65 Deferred tax benefit 90 (68) (27) Net gain on sales of businesses and assets (8) (39) (56) Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Stock-based compensation 52 54 75 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and asset impairment charges 87 146 62 Payments for restructurings (78) (27) (52) Non-service retirement-related costs 80 19 (12) Contributions to retirement plans (145) (102) (124) Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable and billed portion of finance receivables 71 (5) (48) (Increase) decrease in inventories (122) 123 (143) Increase in equipment on operating leases (107) (141) (112) Decrease (increase) in finance receivables 663 614 (141) (Increase) decrease in other current and long-term assets (14) 16 27 (Decrease) increase in accounts payable (48) (290) 278 (Decrease) increase in accrued compensation (78) 48 34 (Decrease) increase in other current and long-term liabilities (47) (114) 9 Net change in income tax assets and liabilities (50) (12) (27) Net change in derivative assets and liabilities 10 13 (22) Other operating, net (13) 13 13 Net cash provided by operating activities 511 686 159 Cash Flows from Investing Activities Cost of additions to land, buildings, equipment and software (44) (37) (57) Proceeds from sales of businesses and assets 35 43 87 Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (161) (7) (93) Other investing, net (28) (4) (15) Net cash used in investing activities (198) (5) (78) Cash Flows from Financing Activities Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 907 1,396 1,194 Payments on long-term debt (992) (1,874) (1,723) Purchases of capped calls (23) — — Dividends (141) (165) (174) Payments to acquire treasury stock, including fees (8) (544) (113) Other financing, net (14) (15) (6) Net cash used in financing activities (271) (1,202) (822) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (28) (1) (29) Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 14 (522) (770) Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 617 1,139 1,909 Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Year $ 631 $ 617 $ 1,139 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 82Xerox 2024 Annual Report 82
Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (in millions) Common Stock(1) Additional Paid-in Capital Treasury Stock Retained Earnings AOCL(2) Xerox Holdings Shareholders’ Equity Non- controlling Interests Total Equity Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 168 $ 1,802 $ (177) $ 5,631 $ (2,988) $ 4,436 $ 7 $ 4,443 Comprehensive loss, net — — — (322) (549) (871) — (871) Cash dividends declared-common(3) — — — (159) — (159) — (159) Cash dividends declared-preferred(4) — — — (14) — (14) — (14) Stock option and incentive plans, net 2 62 — — — 64 — 64 Common stock repurchased — — (113) — — (113) — (113) Cancellation of treasury stock (14) (276) 290 — — — — — Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — — — 4 4 Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (1) (1) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 156 $ 1,588 $ — $ 5,136 $ (3,537) $ 3,343 $ 10 $ 3,353 Comprehensive income (loss), net — — — 1 (139) (138) — (138) Cash dividends declared-common(3) — — — (146) — (146) — (146) Cash dividends declared-preferred(4) — — — (14) — (14) — (14) Stock option and incentive plans, net 1 45 — — — 46 — 46 Common stock repurchased — — (553) — — (553) — (553) Cancellation of treasury stock (34) (519) 553 — — — — — Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — — — 2 2 Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (2) (2) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 123 $ 1,114 $ — $ 4,977 $ (3,676) $ 2,538 $ 10 $ 2,548 Comprehensive loss, net — — — (1,321) (23) (1,344) — (1,344) Cash dividends declared-common(3) — — — (128) — (128) — (128) Cash dividends declared-preferred(4) — — — (14) — (14) — (14) Purchases of capped calls(5) — (17) — — — (17) — (17) Stock option and incentive plans, net 1 40 — — — 41 — 41 Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (4) (4) Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (2) (2) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 124 $ 1,137 $ — $ 3,514 $ (3,699) $ 1,076 $ 4 $ 1,080 _____________ (1) Common Stock has a par value of $1 per share. (2) AOCL - Accumulated other comprehensive loss. (3) Cash dividends declared on common stock for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $0.25 per share on a quarterly basis and $1.00 per share on an annual basis, respectively. (4) Cash dividends declared on preferred stock for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $20 per share on a quarterly basis and $80 per share on an annual basis, respectively. (5) The purchases of the capped calls resulted in a tax benefit of approximately $6. Refer to Note 15 - Debt for additional information related to the purchases of capped calls in connection with the issuance of Xerox Holdings Corporation's $400 of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 83Xerox 2024 Annual Report 83
Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Revenues Sales $ 2,378 $ 2,720 $ 2,800 Services, maintenance and rentals 3,692 3,975 4,100 Financing 151 191 207 Total Revenues 6,221 6,886 7,107 Costs and Expenses Cost of sales 1,562 1,778 2,002 Cost of services, maintenance and rentals 2,593 2,664 2,679 Cost of financing 106 130 108 Research, development and engineering expenses 191 229 304 Selling, administrative and general expenses 1,535 1,696 1,760 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and related costs, net 112 167 65 Amortization of intangible assets 73 43 42 Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Other expenses, net 155 75 60 Total Costs and Expenses 7,432 6,914 7,432 Loss before Income Taxes (1,211) (28) (325) Income tax expense (benefit) 105 (29) (3) Net (Loss) Income $ (1,316) $ 1 $ (322) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 84Xerox 2024 Annual Report 84
Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Net (Loss) Income $ (1,316) $ 1 $ (322) Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income , Net(1) Translation adjustments, net (120) 191 (376) Unrealized gains (losses), net 9 1 (2) Changes in defined benefit plans, net 88 (331) (171) Other Comprehensive Loss, Net (23) (139) (549) Comprehensive Loss, Net $ (1,339) $ (138) $ (871) _____________ (1) Refer to Note 24 - Other Comprehensive Loss for gross components of Other Comprehensive Loss, reclassification adjustments out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and related tax effects. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 85Xerox 2024 Annual Report 85
Xerox Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 575 $ 519 Accounts receivable (net of allowance of $69 and $64, respectively) 796 850 Billed portion of finance receivables (net of allowance of $2 and $4, respectively) 48 71 Finance receivables, net 608 842 Inventories 695 661 Other current assets 212 234 Total current assets 2,934 3,177 Finance receivables due after one year (net of allowance of $55 and $88, respectively) 1,089 1,597 Equipment on operating leases, net 245 265 Land, buildings and equipment, net 251 266 Intangible assets, net 236 177 Goodwill, net 1,937 2,747 Deferred tax assets 615 745 Other long-term assets 1,017 1,008 Total Assets $ 8,324 $ 9,982 Liabilities and Equity Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt $ 197 $ 567 Short-term related party debt 388 — Accounts payable 1,023 1,044 Accrued compensation and benefits costs 227 306 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 741 820 Total current liabilities 2,576 2,737 Long-term debt 1,180 1,213 Long-term related party debt 1,634 1,497 Pension and other benefit liabilities 1,088 1,216 Post-retirement medical benefits 154 171 Other long-term liabilities 386 360 Total Liabilities 7,018 7,194 Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 20) Noncontrolling Interests (See Note 6) 10 10 Additional paid-in capital 3,487 3,485 Retained earnings 1,504 2,959 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (3,699) (3,676) Xerox shareholder's equity 1,292 2,768 Noncontrolling interests 4 10 Total Equity 1,296 2,778 Total Liabilities and Equity $ 8,324 $ 9,982 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 86Xerox 2024 Annual Report 86
Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2024 2023 2022 Cash Flows from Operating Activities Net (Loss) Income $ (1,316) $ 1 $ (322) Adjustments required to reconcile Net (loss) income to Cash flows provided by operating activities Depreciation and amortization 274 251 270 Provisions 110 54 65 Deferred tax benefit 90 (68) (27) Net gain on sales of businesses and assets (8) (39) (56) Divestitures 47 — — PARC donation — 132 — Stock-based compensation 52 54 75 Goodwill impairment 1,058 — 412 Restructuring and asset impairment charges 87 146 62 Payments for restructurings (78) (27) (52) Non-service retirement-related costs 80 19 (12) Contributions to retirement plans (145) (102) (124) Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable and billed portion of finance receivables 71 (5) (48) (Increase) decrease in inventories (122) 123 (143) Increase in equipment on operating leases (107) (141) (112) Decrease (increase) in finance receivables 663 614 (141) (Increase) decrease in other current and long-term assets (19) 16 27 (Decrease) increase in accounts payable (48) (290) 278 (Decrease) increase in accrued compensation (78) 48 34 (Decrease) increase in other current and long-term liabilities (47) (114) 9 Net change in income tax assets and liabilities (50) (12) (27) Net change in derivative assets and liabilities 10 13 (22) Other operating, net (13) 13 13 Net cash provided by operating activities 511 686 159 Cash Flows from Investing Activities Cost of additions to land, buildings, equipment and software (44) (37) (57) Proceeds from sales of businesses and assets 35 43 87 Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (161) (7) (93) Other investing, net (9) 1 (2) Net cash used in investing activities (179) — (65) Cash Flows from Financing Activities Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 907 1,396 1,194 Payments on long-term debt (992) (1,874) (1,723) Distributions to parent (202) (722) (312) Other financing, net (4) (7) 6 Net cash used in financing activities (291) (1,207) (835) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (28) (1) (29) Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 13 (522) (770) Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 617 1,139 1,909 Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Year $ 630 $ 617 $ 1,139 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 87Xerox 2024 Annual Report 87
Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's Equity (in millions) Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings AOCL(1) Xerox Shareholder's Equity Non- controlling Interests Total Equity Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 3,202 $ 4,476 $ (2,988) $ 4,690 $ 7 $ 4,697 Comprehensive loss, net — (322) (549) (871) — (871) Dividends declared to parent — (727) — (727) — (727) Transfers from parent 491 — — 491 — 491 Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — 4 4 Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — (1) (1) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 3,693 $ 3,427 $ (3,537) $ 3,583 $ 10 $ 3,593 Comprehensive income (loss), net — 1 (139) (138) — (138) Dividends declared to parent — (469) — (469) — (469) Transfers to parent (208) — — (208) — (208) Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — 2 2 Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — (2) (2) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 3,485 $ 2,959 $ (3,676) $ 2,768 $ 10 $ 2,778 Comprehensive loss, net — (1,316) (23) (1,339) — (1,339) Dividends declared to parent — (139) — (139) — (139) Transfers from parent 2 — — 2 — 2 Transactions with noncontrolling interests — — — — (4) (4) Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — (2) (2) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 3,487 $ 1,504 $ (3,699) $ 1,292 $ 4 $ 1,296 _____________ (1) AOCL - Accumulated other comprehensive loss. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 88Xerox 2024 Annual Report 88
Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Corporation Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (in millions, except per-share data and where otherwise noted) Note 1 – Basis of Presentation References to “Xerox Holdings” refer to Xerox Holdings Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries while references to “Xerox” refer to Xerox Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries or Xerox Holdings Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, as determined by the context. References herein to “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” refer collectively to both Xerox Holdings and Xerox unless the context suggests otherwise. References to “Xerox Holdings Corporation” refer to the stand-alone parent company and do not include its subsidiaries. References to “Xerox Corporation” refer to the stand-alone company and do not include its subsidiaries. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes represent the respective consolidated results and financial results of Xerox Holdings and Xerox and all respective companies that each registrant directly or indirectly controls, either through majority ownership or otherwise. This is a combined report of Xerox Holdings and Xerox, which includes separate Consolidated Financial Statements for each registrant. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of both Xerox Holdings and Xerox have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). For convenience and ease of reference, we refer to the financial statement caption “Loss before Income Taxes” as “pre-tax loss”. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements reflect the activity for both Xerox Holdings and Xerox for all periods presented, unless otherwise noted. Description of Business Currently, Xerox Holdings' primary direct operating subsidiary is Xerox and therefore Xerox represents nearly all of Xerox Holdings' operations. Xerox is a global enterprise for workplace technology that integrates hardware, services and software for large to small enterprises. As customers seek to manage information and document workflows across digital and physical platforms, we deliver secure and sustainable document management solutions. We provide advanced document technology, services, software for a range of customers including small and mid-sized businesses, large enterprises, governments and graphic communications providers, and for our partners who serve them. Xerox serves customers globally in North America, Latin America, Brazil, Europe, Eurasia, the Middle East, Africa and India. Xerox Holdings' other direct subsidiary, Xerox Ventures LLC, which was established solely to invest in startups and early/mid-stage growth companies aligned with the Company’s innovation focus areas and targeted adjacencies. At December 31, 2023 Xerox Ventures, LLC held investments of $26. In January 2024, Myriad Ventures Fund I LP (Myriad) was established, and the investments held by Xerox Ventures LLC were transferred to Myriad, which will continue to be fully consolidated by Xerox Holdings. The investments are normally equity or equity-linked and for less than 20% ownership. Since the investments normally do not have readily determinable fair values, they are accounted for under the measurement alternative per ASC Topic 321-10-35-2. At December 31, 2024, Myriad had investments of $40. Basis of Consolidation All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Investments in business entities in which we do not have control, but we have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies (generally 20% to 50% ownership) are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Operating results of acquired businesses are included in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income from the date of acquisition. We consolidate variable interest entities if we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the entity. Operating results for variable interest entities in which we are determined to be the primary beneficiary are included in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income from the date such determination is made. Use of Estimates The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Future events and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty; accordingly, our accounting estimates Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 89Xerox 2024 Annual Report 89
require the exercise of judgment. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements will change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as our operating environment changes. Our estimates are based on management's best available information including current events, historical experience, actions that the company may undertake in the future and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. As a result, actual results may be different from these estimates. In the ordinary course of accounting for the items discussed above, we make changes in estimates as appropriate and as we become aware of new or revised circumstances surrounding those estimates. Such changes and refinements in estimation methodologies are reflected in reported results of operations in the period in which the changes are made and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Note 2 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies New Accounting Standards and Accounting Changes Xerox Holdings and Xerox consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). The ASUs listed below apply to both registrants. Except for the Accounting Standard Updates (ASUs) discussed below, the new ASUs issued by the FASB during the last two years did not have any significant impact on the Company. Accounting Standard Updates to be Adopted: Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which includes amendments that further enhance income tax disclosures, primarily through standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The amendments are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard to determine its impact on the Company's disclosures. Income Statement In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which is intended to improve disclosures related to certain income statement expenses of the Company. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard to determine its impact on the Company's disclosures. Debt In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments, which is intended to clarify requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments, including convertible debt instruments with cash conversion features or convertible debt instruments that are not currently convertible, should be accounted for as an induced conversion. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard to determine its impact on the Company's disclosures. Accounting Standard Updates Recently Adopted: Reference Rate Reform In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Scope, which provided clarification to ASU 2020-04. These ASUs were effective commencing with our quarter ended March 31, 2020 through December 31, 2022. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, which deferred the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022, to December 31, Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 90Xerox 2024 Annual Report 90
2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief in Topic 848. This ASU did not have an impact on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses. The update requires public entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within segment profit and loss. The amendment was effective for the Company's annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods beginning January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted, and are applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. This ASU only requires additional disclosures, and did not have an impact on the company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Refer to Note 4 - Segment and Geographic Area Reporting for the required disclosures effective January 1, 2024. Liabilities In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-04, Liabilities - Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50): Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations that requires entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services to disclose the key terms of the programs and information about obligations outstanding at the end of the reporting period, including a rollforward of those obligations. The guidance does not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of supplier finance program obligations. The new standard’s requirements to disclose the key terms of the programs and information about obligations outstanding was effective for our fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2023. The new standard’s requirement to disclose a rollforward of obligations outstanding was effective for our fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2024. Refer to Note 14 - Supplementary Financial Information for the required disclosures. Financial Instruments In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures - Gross Write-offs. The amendments in this update eliminate the accounting guidance for Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) by creditors while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The amendments also require disclosure of current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. The disclosure of current-period gross write-offs by year of origination is applicable for financing receivables and net investments in leases that are within the scope of ASC 326-20, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Measured at Amortized Cost. This update was effective for our fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2023. The provisions of this amendment are to be applied on a prospective basis. Refer to Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net for required disclosures regarding gross write-offs by vintage year. Government Assistance In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance. The update increases the transparency surrounding government assistance by requiring disclosure of 1) the types of assistance received, 2) an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and 3) the effect of the assistance on the entity’s financial statements. We adopted this update effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022. The impact of adoption was not material to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Impacts on future periods will depend on the amounts of government assistance received. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the amounts of government assistance the Company received were not material and since the update is limited to increased disclosures, the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Business Combinations In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805), Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The new guidance requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. This approach differs from the current requirement to measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination at fair value. We early adopted this update effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The standard did not impact contract assets or liabilities acquired in business combinations that occurred prior to the adoption date. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 91Xerox 2024 Annual Report 91
Debt In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). This update simplified the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. This update also amended the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity's own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions and required the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share. We adopted this update effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Other Updates In 2024, 2023 and 2022 the FASB also issued the following ASUs, which could impact the Company in the future but currently did not have, nor are expected to have, a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or related disclosures upon adoption. Those updates are as follows: • Codification Improvements: ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements - Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements. This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2024. • Compensation - Stock Compensation: ASU 2024-01, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Applications of Profits Interest and Similar Awards. This update is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2024, as well as interim periods within that period, with early adoption permitted. • Disclosure Improvements: ASU 2023-06, Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. Since the Company is already subject to SEC disclosure requirements, this update was effective upon issuance. • Business Combinations: ASU 2023-05, Business Combinations - Joint Venture Formation (Topic 805-60): Recognition and Initial Measurement. This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2025. • Liabilities: ASU 2023-04, Liabilities (Topic 405): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121. The Company adopted this conforming guidance upon issuance in August 2023. • Investments: ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2024. • Leases: ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements. This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2024. • Fair Value Measurement: ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2024. • Derivatives and Hedging: ASU 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio Layer Method. This update was effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2023. Summary of Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition We generate revenue through the sale of Print and IT hardware equipment and supplies and by providing maintenance, managed Print, Digital and IT services. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer and is recognized when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product to a customer or in the period the customer benefits from the service. With the exception of our sales-type lease arrangements, our invoices to the customer, which normally have short-term payment terms, are typically aligned to the transfer of goods or as services are rendered to our customers and therefore in most cases, we recognize revenue based on our right to invoice customers. As a result of the application of this practical expedient for the substantial portion of our revenue, the disclosure of the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for our services is not required. Significant judgments primarily include the identification of performance obligations in our Document management services arrangements as well as the pattern of delivery for those services. More specifically, revenue related to our products and services is generally recognized as follows: Equipment: Revenues from the sale of equipment directly to end-user customers, including those from sales-type leases (see below), are recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customer are satisfied and control has been transferred to the customer. For equipment placements that require us to install the product at Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 92Xerox 2024 Annual Report 92
the customer location, revenue is normally recognized when the equipment has been delivered and installed at the customer location. Sales of customer installable products are recognized upon shipment or receipt by the customer according to the customer's shipping terms. Revenue from the equipment performance obligation also includes certain analyst training services performed in connection with the installation or delivery of the equipment. When training is essential to the functionality of the related equipment the equipment revenue is recorded when the obligation is satisfied. Maintenance services: We provide maintenance agreements on our equipment that include service and supplies for which the customer may pay a base minimum plus a price-per-page charge for usage. In arrangements that include minimums, those minimums are normally set below the customer’s estimated page volumes and are not considered substantive. These agreements are normally sold as part of a bundled lease arrangement or through distributors and resellers. We account for these maintenance agreements as a single performance obligation for maintenance services being delivered in a series with delivery being measured by usage as billed to the customer. Accordingly, revenue on these types of agreements is normally recognized as billed to the customer over the term of the agreements based on page volumes. Maintenance and support associated with our IT Solutions are recorded as our performance obligations are satisfied. A substantial portion of our products are sold with full-service maintenance agreements. Accordingly, other than the product warranty obligations associated with certain of our entry level products, we do not have any significant warranty obligations, including any obligations under customer satisfaction programs. Service offerings: The Company’s primary service offerings include Managed Print Services, Digital Services and IT Solutions. In our services arrangements, the Company typically satisfies the performance obligations and recognizes revenue over time as the services are rendered. We generally account for these service arrangements as single performance obligations since they primarily involve the delivery of an integrated service to the customer with services being delivered in a series. Delivery is typically measured on an output basis such as usage and is normally consistent with the billing or invoicing to the customer. Revenues on unit-price or time-based contracts are recognized as work is completed to the customer. Sales to distributors and resellers: We utilize distributors and resellers to sell our equipment, supplies, parts, and maintenance services to end-user customers. We refer to our distributor and reseller network as our two-tier distribution model. Revenues on sales to distributors and resellers are generally recognized when products are shipped to such distributors and resellers. However, revenue is only recognized when the distributor or reseller has economic substance apart from the Company such that collectability is probable and we have no further obligations related to bringing about the resale, delivery or installation of the product that would impact transfer of control. Revenues associated with maintenance agreements sold through distributors and resellers to end-user customers are recognized in a consistent manner for maintenance services. Revenue that may be subject to a reversal of revenue due to contractual terms or uncertainties is not recorded as revenue until the contractual provisions lapse or the uncertainties are resolved. Distributors and resellers participate in various rebate, price-protection, cooperative marketing and other programs. We estimate the variable consideration associated with these programs and record those amounts as a reduction to revenue when sales occur. Similarly, we account for our estimates of sales returns and other allowances when sales occur based on our historical experience. In certain instances, we may provide lease financing to end-user customers who purchased equipment we sold to distributors or resellers. We are not obligated to provide financing and we compete with other third-party leasing companies with respect to the lease financing provided to these end-user customers. Software: Most of our equipment has both software and non-software components that function together to deliver the equipment's essential functionality and therefore they are accounted for together as part of Equipment sales revenues. Software accessories sold in connection with our Equipment sales, as well as free-standing software sales, are accounted for as separate performance obligations if determined to be material in relation to the overall arrangement, which is recognized as our obligations are fulfilled. Supplies: Supplies revenue is recognized upon transfer of control to the customer, generally upon utilization or shipment to the customer in accordance with the sales contract terms. Financing: Finance income attributable to sales-type leases, direct financing leases and installment loans is recognized on the accrual basis using the effective interest method. Bundled Lease Arrangements: A portion of our direct sales of equipment to end-user customers are made through bundled lease arrangements which typically include equipment, services (maintenance and managed services) and financing components, where the customer pays a single negotiated fixed minimum monthly payment for all elements over the contractual lease term. These arrangements also typically include an incremental, variable Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 93Xerox 2024 Annual Report 93
component for page volumes in excess of the contractual page volume minimums, which are often expressed in terms of price-per-image or page. Consistent with the guidance in ASC 842 and ASC 606, the transaction price is allocated between the lease and non-lease deliverables based on standalone selling price (SSP). Lease deliverables include the equipment and financing, while the non-lease deliverables generally consist of the services, which normally include supplies. With respect to the allocation of fixed and variable consideration, we only consider the fixed payments for purposes of allocation to the lease elements of the contract. The revenue associated with the lease element is typically recognized at a point-in-time upon transfer of control as a sales-type lease, unless the lease is accounted for as an operating lease, which will normally result in recognition over the term of the lease. The revenue associated with the non-lease elements are normally accounted for as a single performance obligation being delivered in a series, with delivery being measured as the usage is billed to the customer. Accordingly, revenue from these agreements is recognized in a manner consistent with the guidance for Maintenance or Managed Print services agreements. We establish SSP using observable inputs from standalone sales of products, as well as the prices established by management in similar transactions. Based on historical sales practices and policies together with a periodic analysis, we have determined that there is not a material difference between standalone selling price and recorded sales price. Leases: The two primary accounting provisions we use to classify transactions as sales-type or operating leases are: (i) a review of the lease term to determine if it is for the major part of the economic life of the underlying equipment (defined as greater than 75%); and (ii) a review of the present value of the lease payments to determine if they are equal to or greater than substantially all of the fair market value of the equipment at the inception of the lease (defined as greater than 90%). Equipment placements included in arrangements meeting these conditions are accounted for as sales-type leases and revenue is recognized in a manner consistent with Equipment sales. Equipment placements included in arrangements that do not meet these conditions are accounted for as operating leases and revenue is recognized over the term of the lease. We consider the economic life of most of our products to be five years, since this represents the most frequent contractual lease term for our principal products and only a small percentage of our leases are for original terms longer than five years. There is no significant after-market for our used equipment. We believe five years is representative of the period during which the equipment is expected to be economically usable, with normal service, for the purpose for which it is intended. Our lease pricing interest rates, which are used in determining customer payments in a bundled lease arrangement, are developed based upon a variety of factors including local prevailing rates in the marketplace, cost of funds and the customer’s credit history, industry and credit class. We reassess our pricing interest rates quarterly based on changes in the local prevailing rates in the marketplace. The pricing interest rates generally equal the implicit rates within the leases, as corroborated by our comparisons of cash to lease selling prices and other analyses as noted above. Additional Lease Payments: Certain leases may require the customer to pay property taxes and insurance on the equipment. In these instances, the amounts for property taxes and insurance that we invoice to customers and pay to third parties are considered variable payments and are recorded as other revenues and other cost of revenues, respectively. Amounts related to property taxes and insurance are not material. We exclude from variable payments all lessor costs that are explicitly required to be paid directly by a lessee on behalf of the lessor to a third party. Other Revenue Recognition Policies Revenue-based Taxes: Revenue-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transactions, and that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue. The primary revenue-based taxes are sales tax and value-added tax (VAT). Shipping and Handling: Shipping and handling costs are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income . Refer to Note 3 - Revenue for additional information regarding revenue recognition policies with respect to contract assets and liabilities as well as contract costs. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 94Xerox 2024 Annual Report 94
Other Significant Accounting Policies Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, including money market funds, and investments with original maturities of three months or less. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Credit Losses The allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for credit losses represents an estimate of the losses expected to be incurred from the Company's trade and finance receivable portfolio. The measurement and recognition of expected credit losses is based on an expected loss model and incorporates an assessment of past collection experience as well as consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in our customer collection trends. The allowance of finance receivables is determined on a collective basis by year of origination through the application of projected loss rates to our different portfolios by country, which represent our portfolio segments. This is the level at which we develop and document our methodology to determine the allowance for credit losses. These projected loss rates are primarily based upon historical experience adjusted for judgments about the probable effects of relevant observable data including current and future economic conditions as well as delinquency trends, resolution rates, the aging of receivables, credit quality indicators and the financial health of specific customer classes or groups. The allowance for finance receivables is inherently more difficult to estimate than the allowance for trade accounts receivable because the underlying lease portfolio has an average maturity, at any time, of approximately two to three years and contains past due billed amounts, as well as unbilled amounts. We consider all available information in our quarterly assessments of the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. We believe our estimates, including any qualitative adjustments, are reasonable and have considered all reasonably available information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future events and economic conditions. The identification of account-specific exposure is not a significant factor in establishing the allowance for doubtful finance receivables. Receivable Sales and Securitization The Company securitizes certain finance lease receivables by transferring them to Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) that meet the definition of a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) and are consolidated into our financial statements. These SPEs are bankruptcy-remote legal entities with separate assets and liabilities. The purpose of the SPEs is to facilitate the funding of customer loan and lease payments and associated equipment in the capital markets. These securitizations qualify as collateral for secured borrowings and no gains or losses are recognized at the time of securitization. The receivables remain on the balance sheet and are classified as Finance receivables, net. The Company continues to recognize finance income over the lives of these receivables. We also transfer certain portions of our finance receivable portfolios to third parties and account for those transfers of financial assets as sales when we have surrendered control over the related assets. Whether control has been relinquished requires, among other things, an evaluation of relevant legal considerations and an assessment of the nature and extent of the Company’s continuing involvement with the assets transferred. Gains and losses stemming from transfers reported as sales are normally included in revenue in the accompanying Statements of (Loss) Income. Gains or losses on the sale of finance receivables depend, in part, on both (a) the cash proceeds and (b) the net non-cash proceeds received or paid. Assets obtained and liabilities incurred in connection with transfers reported as sales are initially recognized in the balance sheet at fair value. Refer to Note 8 – Finance Receivables, Net for additional information on our finance receivable sales. Inventories Inventories are carried at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. Inventories also include equipment that is returned at the end of the lease term. Returned equipment is recorded at the lower of remaining net book value or salvage value, which is normally not significant. We regularly review inventory quantities and record a provision for excess and/or obsolete inventory based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand, production requirements and servicing commitments. Several factors may influence the realizability of our inventories, including our decision to exit a product line, technological changes and new product development. The provision for excess and/or obsolete raw materials and equipment inventories is based primarily on near-term forecasts of product demand and include consideration of new product introductions, as well as changes in remanufacturing strategies. The provision for excess and/or obsolete service parts inventory is based primarily on projected servicing requirements over the life of the related equipment populations. Refer to Note 9 - Inventories and Equipment on Operating Leases, Net for further discussion. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 95Xerox 2024 Annual Report 95
Land, Buildings and Equipment on Operating Leases Land, buildings and equipment are recorded at cost. Buildings and equipment are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life. Equipment on operating leases is depreciated to estimated salvage value over the lease term. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Significant leasehold improvements are capitalized, and maintenance and repairs are expensed. Refer to Note 9 - Inventories and Equipment on Operating Leases, Net and Note 10 - Land, Buildings, Equipment and Software, Net for further discussion. Leased Assets We determine at inception whether an arrangement is a lease. Our leases do not include assets of a specialized nature, or the transfer of ownership at the end of the lease, and the exercise of end-of-lease purchase options, which are primarily in our equipment leases, is not reasonably assured at lease inception. Accordingly, the two primary criteria we use to classify transactions as operating leases or finance leases are: (i) a review of the lease term to determine if it is equal to or greater than 75% of the economic life of the asset, and (ii) a review of the present value of the minimum lease payments to determine if they are equal to or greater than 90% of the fair market value of the asset at the inception of the lease. Right-of-use (ROU) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. We also assess arrangements for goods or services to determine if the arrangement contains a lease at its inception. This assessment first considers whether there is an implicitly or explicitly identified asset in the arrangement and then whether there is a right to control the use of the asset. If there is an embedded lease within a contract, the Company determines the classification of the lease at the lease inception date consistent with standalone leases of assets. Operating leases are included in Other long-term assets, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and Other long-term liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in Land, buildings and equipment, net, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and Other long-term liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since the implicit rate for almost all of our leases is not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis, an amount equal to the lease payments, in a similar economic environment and over a similar term. The rate is dependent on several factors, including the lease term and currency of the lease payments. Lease terms used to calculate the present value of lease payments generally do not include any options to extend, renew, or terminate the lease, as we do not have reasonable certainty at lease inception that these options will be exercised. We generally consider the economic life of our operating lease ROU assets to be comparable to the useful life of similar owned assets. We have elected the short-term lease exception, therefore operating lease ROU assets and liabilities do not include leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. Our leases generally do not provide a residual guarantee. The operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. These components are accounted for separately for vehicle and equipment leases. We account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for real estate leases of offices and warehouses. We review the potential impairment of our ROU assets consistent with the approach applied for our other long-lived assets. We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. We have elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and include the associated operating lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. Software - Internal Use and Product We capitalize direct costs associated with developing, purchasing or otherwise acquiring software for internal use and amortize these costs on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of the software, beginning when the software is implemented (Internal Use Software). Costs incurred for upgrades and enhancements that will not result Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 96Xerox 2024 Annual Report 96
in additional functionality are expensed as incurred. Amounts expended for Internal Use Software are included in Cash Flows from Investing activities. We also capitalize certain costs related to the development of software solutions to be sold to our customers upon reaching technological feasibility (Product Software). These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated economic life of the software. Amounts expended for Product Software are included in Cash Flows from Operations. We perform periodic reviews to ensure that unamortized Product Software costs remain recoverable from estimated future operating profits (net realizable value or NRV). Costs to support or service licensed software are charged to Costs of services as incurred. Refer to Note 10 - Land, Buildings, Equipment and Software, Net for further information. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of acquired net assets in a business combination, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets. The primary drivers that generate Goodwill are the value of synergies between the acquired entities and the company and the acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies as an identifiable intangible asset. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable and an impairment loss may have been incurred. We assess Goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist or if a decision is made to sell or exit a business. Impairment testing for Goodwill is done at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (a component) if the component constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available, and segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component. Consistent with the determination that we had two operating/ reportable segments we determined that we had two reporting units – Print and Other, and XFS. We perform an assessment of Goodwill, utilizing either a qualitative or quantitative impairment test. The qualitative impairment test assesses several factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative fair value test is performed. In certain circumstances, we may also bypass the qualitative test and proceed directly to a quantitative impairment test. In a quantitative impairment test, we assess Goodwill by comparing the carrying amount of the reporting unit to its fair value. Fair value of the reporting unit is determined by using a weighted combination of an income approach and a market approach. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, Goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, Goodwill is considered impaired, and we would recognize an impairment loss for the excess. Other intangible assets primarily consist of assets obtained in connection with business acquisitions, including installed customer base and distribution network relationships, existing technology, trademarks and non-compete agreements. We apply an impairment evaluation whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of our intangible assets may not be recoverable. Other intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. We believe that the straight-line method of amortization reflects an appropriate allocation of the cost of the intangible assets to earnings in proportion to the amount of economic benefits obtained annually by the Company. Refer to Note 12 - Goodwill, Net and Intangible Assets, Net for further information. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets, including buildings, equipment, right-of-use leased assets, internal use software and other intangible assets, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. Our primary measure of fair value is based on discounted cash flows. Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Long-lived assets to be disposed of other than by sale (e.g., by abandonment, cease-use) would continue to be classified as held and used until the long-lived asset is disposed of (e.g., abandoned or when the asset ceases to be used). Refer to Note 13 - Restructuring Programs for additional information regarding the impairment of long-lived assets in connection with our restructuring programs and initiatives. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 97Xerox 2024 Annual Report 97
Pension and Post-Retirement Benefit Obligations We sponsor various forms of defined benefit pension plans in several countries covering employees who meet eligibility requirements. Retiree health benefit plans cover a portion of our U.S. and Canadian employees for retiree medical costs. We employ a delayed recognition feature in measuring the costs of pension and post-retirement benefit plans. This requires changes in the benefit obligations and changes in the value of assets set aside to meet those obligations to be recognized not as they occur, but systematically and gradually over subsequent periods. All changes are ultimately recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost, except to the extent they may be offset by subsequent changes. At any point, changes that have been identified and quantified but not recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost are recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax. Several statistical and other factors that attempt to anticipate future events are used in calculating the expense, liability and asset values related to our pension and retiree health benefit plans. These factors include assumptions we make about the applicable discount rate, expected return on plan assets, cash balance interest-crediting rate, rate of increase in healthcare costs, the rate of future compensation increases and mortality. Actual returns on plan assets are not immediately recognized in our income statement due to the delayed recognition requirement. In calculating the expected return on the plan asset component of our net periodic pension cost, we apply our estimate of the long-term rate of return on the plan assets that support our pension obligations, after deducting assets that are specifically allocated to Transitional Retirement Accounts (which are accounted for based on specific plan terms). For purposes of determining the expected return on plan assets, we utilize a market-related value approach in determining the value of the pension plan assets, rather than a fair market value approach. The primary difference between the two methods relates to systematic recognition of changes in fair value over time (generally two years) versus immediate recognition of changes in fair value. Our expected rate of return on plan assets is applied to the market-related asset value to determine the amount of the expected return on plan assets to be used in the determination of the net periodic pension cost. The market-related value approach reduces the volatility in net periodic pension cost that would result from using the fair market value approach. The discount rate is used to determine the present value our future anticipated benefit obligations. The discount rate reflects the current rate at which benefit liabilities could be effectively settled considering the timing of expected payments for plan participants. In estimating our discount rate, we consider rates of return on high-quality fixed- income investments adjusted to eliminate the effects of call provisions, as well as the expected timing of pension and other benefit payments. Each year, the difference between the actual return on plan assets and the expected return on plan assets, as well as increases or decreases in the benefit obligation as a result of changes in the discount rate and other actuarial assumptions, are added to or subtracted from any cumulative actuarial gain or loss from prior years. This amount is the net actuarial gain or loss recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. We amortize net actuarial gains and losses as a component of net pension cost for a year if, as of the beginning of the year, that net gain or loss (excluding asset gains or losses that have not been recognized in market-related value) exceeds 10% of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets (the corridor method). This determination is made on a plan-by-plan basis. If amortization is required for a particular plan, we amortize the applicable net gain or loss in excess of the 10% threshold on a straight-line basis in net periodic pension cost over the remaining service period of the employees participating in that pension plan. In plans where substantially all participants are inactive, the amortization period for the excess is the average remaining life expectancy of the plan participants. Our primary domestic plans allow participants the option of settling their vested benefits through the receipt of a lump-sum payment. The participant's vested benefit is considered fully settled upon payment of the lump sum. We have elected to apply settlement accounting and therefore we recognize the losses associated with settlements in this plan immediately upon the settlement of the vested benefits. Settlement accounting requires us to recognize a pro rata portion of the aggregate unamortized net actuarial losses upon settlement. The pro rata factor is computed as the percentage reduction in the projected benefit obligation due to the settlement of the participant's vested benefit. During 2024, the US pension plans became subject to restrictions on the portion of the benefit (50)% that can be paid as a lump sum. Since the portion of the benefit that cannot be paid as a lump sum is paid as an annuity, the payment of 50% of the lump sum does not relieve the pension plans of the full obligation for benefits for each respective participant electing a lump sum therefore, no settlement accounting was applied. These restrictions did not apply for all of 2024 and there is settlement accounting for full lump sums paid early in 2024. Settlement accounting will not apply in future years for which restrictions apply. Refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans for further information regarding our Pension and Post-Retirement Benefit Obligations. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 98Xerox 2024 Annual Report 98
Research, Development and Engineering (RD&E) Research, development and engineering costs are expensed as incurred. Sustaining engineering costs are incurred with respect to on-going product improvements or environmental compliance after initial product launch. Sustaining engineering costs were $49, $55 and $58 in for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Foreign Currency Translation and Remeasurement The functional currency for most of our foreign operations is the local currency. Net assets are translated at current rates of exchange and income, expense and cash flow items are translated at average exchange rates for the applicable period. The translation adjustments are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. The U.S. Dollar is used as the functional currency for certain foreign subsidiaries that conduct their business in U.S. Dollars as well as foreign subsidiaries operating in highly inflationary economies. For these subsidiaries, non- monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates, while monetary assets and liabilities are translated at current rates, with the U.S. dollar effects of rate changes recorded in Currency (gains) and losses within Other expenses, net together with other foreign currency remeasurements. Note 3 – Revenue Revenues disaggregated by primary geographic markets, major product lines, and sales channels are as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Primary geographical markets(1) United States $ 3,437 $ 3,826 $ 4,014 Europe 1,843 1,951 1,935 Canada 487 554 545 Other 454 555 613 Total Revenues $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 Major product and services lines Equipment $ 1,378 $ 1,655 $ 1,624 Supplies, paper and other sales(2) 1,000 1,065 1,176 Maintenance agreements(3) 1,516 1,631 1,730 Service arrangements(4) 1,853 1,984 1,953 Rental and other 323 360 417 Financing 151 191 207 Total Revenues $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 Sales channels: Direct equipment lease(5) $ 706 $ 920 $ 708 Distributors & resellers(6) 973 1,044 1,222 Customer direct 699 756 870 Total Sales $ 2,378 $ 2,720 $ 2,800 _____________ (1) Geographic area data is based upon the location of the subsidiary reporting the revenue. (2) Other sales include revenues associated with hardware and software from our IT Solutions. (3) Includes revenues from maintenance agreements on sold equipment as well as revenues associated with service agreements sold through our channel partners, as well as services revenues related to our IT Solutions. (4) Primarily includes revenues from our Print outsourcing arrangements including revenues from embedded operating leases in those arrangements. (5) Primarily reflects sales through bundled lease arrangements. (6) Primarily reflects sales through our two-tier distribution channels. Contract assets and liabilities: We normally do not have contract assets, which are primarily unbilled accounts receivable that are conditional on something other than the passage of time. Our contract liabilities, which represent billings in excess of revenue recognized, are primarily related to advanced billings for maintenance and other services to be performed and were approximately $130 and $132 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The majority of the balance at December 31, 2024 will be amortized to revenue over approximately the next 30 months. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 99Xerox 2024 Annual Report 99
Contract Costs: We incur the following contract costs as part of our revenue arrangements: • Incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract are primarily sales commissions paid to salespeople and agents in connection with the placement of equipment with post sale services arrangements. These costs are deferred and amortized to Selling Expenses on a straight-line basis over the estimated contract term, which is currently estimated to be approximately four years. • Contract fulfillment costs are costs incurred for resources and assets that will be used to satisfy our future performance obligations included in our service arrangements. These costs are amortized over the contractual service period of the arrangement to cost of services. • Contract inducements are capitalized and amortized as a reduction of revenue over the term of the contract. Changes in contract costs, net are as follows: 2024 2023 2022 Balance at January 1st, $ 136 $ 135 $ 147 Customer contract costs deferred 69 70 65 Amortization of customer contract costs (64) (69) (73) Other(1) (3) — (4) Balance at December 31st, $ 138 $ 136 $ 135 _____________ (1) Includes currency. Equipment and software used in the fulfillment of service arrangements, and where the Company retains control, are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of their useful life or the term of the contract if an asset is contract specific. Note 4 – Segment and Geographic Area Reporting Our reportable segments – Print and Other, and XFS – are aligned to how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), allocates resources and assesses performance against the Company’s key growth strategies and are consistent with how we manage the business and view the markets we serve. Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Our Print and Other segment includes the sale of document systems, supplies and technical services and managed services. The segment also includes the delivery of managed services that involve a continuum of solutions and services that help our customers optimize their print and communications infrastructure, apply automation and simplification to maximize productivity, and ensure the highest levels of security. This segment also includes Digital and IT services and software. Our product groupings range from: • “Entry”, which include A4 devices and desktop printers and multifunction devices that primarily serve small and medium workgroups/work teams. • “Mid-Range”, which include A3 devices that generally serve large workgroup/work teams environments as well as products in the Light Production product groups serving centralized print centers, print for pay and lower volume production print establishments. • “High-End”, which include production printing and publishing systems that generally serve the graphic communications marketplace and print centers in large enterprises. Customers range from small and mid-sized businesses to large enterprises. Customers also include graphic communication enterprises as well as channel partners including distributors and resellers. Segment revenues also include commissions and other payments from the XFS segment for the exclusive right to provide lease financing for Xerox products. These revenues are reported as part of Intersegment Revenues, which are eliminated in consolidated revenues. The XFS segment provides global leasing solutions and currently offers leasing for direct channel customer purchases of Xerox solutions through bundled lease agreements and lease financing to end-user customers who purchase Xerox solutions through our indirect channels. Segment revenues primarily include financing income on sales-type leases (including month-to-month extensions) and leasing fees. Segment revenues also include gains/ losses from the sale of finance receivables including commissions, fees on the sales of underlying equipment residuals and servicing fees. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 100Xerox 2024 Annual Report 100
We have entered into finance receivables funding agreements with HPS Investment Partners (HPS) in the U.S., and with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL) in Canada. Refer to Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net for additional information regarding our finance receivables funding agreements. In the third quarter 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with PEAC Solutions (a subsidiary of HPS) that named PEAC as the provider of certain leasing and financial services programs for Xerox and non-Xerox equipment sold through our U.S. network of independent dealers and resellers. In the fourth quarter 2023, our partnership with PEAC Solutions was further expanded to include the transition of some XFS U.S. employees in risk, IT, and operations to PEAC Solutions. Upon completion of this transition, PEAC Solutions became the preferred financing partner, primary funder, and service provider for XBS leases in the U.S. Segment Policy We derive the results of our business segments directly from our internal management reporting system. The accounting policies that the Company uses to derive its segment results are substantially the same as those used by the Company in preparing its consolidated financial statements. The segment results include a significant level of management estimates regarding the allocation of revenues such as finance income in bundled lease arrangements and other leasing revenues and operating lease revenues embedded in our managed services contracts as well as the allocation of expenses for shared selling and administrative services. Accordingly, the financial results for the segments may not be indicative of the results the businesses would have on a standalone basis or what might be presented for the businesses in stand-alone financial statements. The CODM measures the performance of each segment based on several metrics, including segment revenues, significant segment expenses, and segment profit. A segment expense is considered significant when it is material to the segment, is included in the measure of segment profit, and is included in information that is regularly provided to the CODM. The CODM uses segment revenues, significant segment expenses, and segment profit, in part, to evaluate the performance of, and to allocate resources to each segment. Segment profit is the only measure of profitability that is used by the CODM to evaluate the performance of, and to allocate resources to each segment. The analysis of segment expenses has been applied retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 101Xerox 2024 Annual Report 101
Segment revenue, significant segment expenses, segment profit, and other selected financial information for our reportable segments was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total Print and Other XFS Total External revenue $ 5,864 $ 357 $ 6,221 $ 6,485 $ 401 $ 6,886 $ 6,714 $ 393 $ 7,107 Intersegment revenue(1) 71 — 71 86 — 86 90 — 90 Total Segment net revenue $ 5,935 $ 357 $ 6,292 $ 6,571 $ 401 $ 6,972 $ 6,804 $ 393 $ 7,197 Reconciliation to Segment Profit Cost of sales(2) $ 1,477 $ 77 $ 1,554 $ 1,686 $ 92 $ 1,778 $ 1,906 $ 96 $ 2,002 Cost of services, maintenance and rentals 2,536 14 2,550 2,647 17 2,664 2,662 17 2,679 Cost of financing(3) — 106 106 — 130 130 — 108 108 Research, development and engineering expenses 191 — 191 229 — 229 304 — 304 Selling, administrative and general expenses(4)(5) 1,392 126 1,518 1,563 133 1,696 1,584 155 1,739 Intersegment expense(6) 71 — 71 86 — 86 90 — 90 Segment profit $ 268 $ 34 $ 302 $ 360 $ 29 $ 389 $ 258 $ 17 $ 275 Interest income $ — $ 151 $ 151 $ — $ 191 $ 191 $ — $ 207 $ 207 Depreciation and amortization 201 — 201 208 — 208 228 — 228 Capital expenditures(7) 44 — 44 37 — 37 57 — 57 Total Assets 6,598 1,767 8,365 7,301 2,707 10,008 8,230 3,313 11,543 _____________ (1) Intersegment revenue is primarily commissions and other payments made by the XFS Segment to the Print and Other Segment for the lease of Xerox equipment placements. (2) Cost of sales and Cost of services, maintenance and rentals for the Print and Other Segment excludes $8 and $43 from the reduction of inventory and the cancellation of related purchase contracts as a result of the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. (3) Cost of financing is Interest expense associated with allocated debt of the Company, and is fully allocated to the XFS segment in support of its Finance assets, while no interest expense is allocated to the Print and Other segment. (4) Includes bad debt expense for the XFS segment of $17, $6 and $26, and bad debt expense for the Print and Other segment of $25, $22, $17 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (5) The Print and Other segment excludes $12 of Reinvention costs and $7 of Transaction and related costs, net for the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively, and $21 related to accelerated share vesting for the year ended December 31, 2022. (6) Intersegment expense is primarily origination fees and commissions made by the Print and Other Segment to the XFS Segment which leases Xerox equipment to third parties. (7) Capital expenditures are allocated fully to the Print and Other segment since they are primarily managed and controlled through that segment, together, with related long-lived assets. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 102Xerox 2024 Annual Report 102
Selected financial information for our reportable segments was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Pre-tax (Loss) Total Segment profit $ 302 $ 389 $ 275 Goodwill impairment (1,058) — (412) Restructuring and related costs, net (112) (167) (65) Amortization of intangible assets (73) (43) (42) PARC Donation — (132) — Accelerated share vesting — — (21) Inventory-related impact - exit of certain production print manufacturing operations (51) — — Divestitures (47) — — Reinvention costs (12) — — Transaction and related costs, net (7) — — Other expenses, net (158) (75) (60) Total Pre-tax (loss) $ (1,216) $ (28) $ (325) Depreciation and Amortization Total reported segments $ 201 $ 208 $ 228 Amortization of intangible assets 73 43 42 Total Depreciation and amortization $ 274 $ 251 $ 270 Interest Expense Total reported segments $ 106 $ 130 $ 108 Corporate 119 68 91 Total Interest expense $ 225 $ 198 $ 199 Interest Income Total reported segments $ 151 $ 191 $ 207 Corporate 14 16 11 Total Interest income $ 165 $ 207 $ 218 Geographic Area Data Geographic area data is based upon the location of the subsidiary reporting the revenue or long-lived assets and is as follows: Revenues Long-Lived Assets (1) Year Ended December 31, As of December 31, 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 United States $ 3,437 $ 3,826 $ 4,014 $ 488 $ 467 Europe 1,843 1,951 1,935 194 241 Canada 487 554 545 39 42 Other areas 454 555 613 14 21 Total $ 6,221 $ 6,886 $ 7,107 $ 735 $ 771 _____________ (1) Long-lived assets are comprised of (i) Land, buildings and equipment, net, (ii) Equipment on operating leases, net, (iii) Leased right-of-use (ROU) assets, net, (iv) Internal use software, net, and v) Capitalized product software, net. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 103Xerox 2024 Annual Report 103
Note 5 – Lessor Revenue from sales-type leases is presented on a gross basis when the Company enters into a lease to realize value from a product that it would otherwise sell in its ordinary course of business, whereas in transactions where the Company enters into a lease for the purpose of generating revenue by providing financing, the profit or loss, if any, is presented on a net basis. In addition, we have elected to account for sales tax and other similar taxes collected from a lessee as lessee costs and therefore we exclude these costs from contract consideration and variable consideration and present revenue net of these costs. The components of lease income are as follows: Location in Statements of (Loss) Income Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Revenue from sales type leases Sales $ 706 $ 920 $ 708 Interest income on lease receivables Financing 151 191 207 Lease income - operating leases Services, maintenance and rentals 168 161 170 Variable lease income Services, maintenance and rentals 46 62 63 Total Lease income $ 1,071 $ 1,334 $ 1,148 Profit at lease commencement on sales type leases was estimated to be approximately $213, $332 and $229 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Note 6 – Acquisitions and Divestitures Acquisitions The following table summarizes the purchase price allocations for our acquisitions as of the acquisition dates: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Weighted- Average Life Acquisitions(1) Weighted- Average Life Acquisitions Weighted- Average Life Acquisitions Accounts/finance receivables $ 58 $ — $ 29 Intangible assets: Customer relationships 10 years 134 — 10 years 41 Trademarks 1 year 2 — 5 years 7 Goodwill(2) 286 — 62 Other assets 15 — 30 Total Assets acquired 495 — 169 Liabilities assumed(3) (124) — (76) Acquisition-related debt(4) (210) — — Total(5) $ 161 $ — $ 93 _____________ (1) For details related to our 2024 acquisition activity, refer to the "2024 Acquisition" section below. (2) Goodwill from 2024 and 2022 acquisitions included approximately $42 and $20 of goodwill that is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill is allocated to the Print and Other Segment, the only reporting segment with Goodwill. (3) Liabilities assumed in 2022 acquisitions included estimated contingent consideration liabilities of approximately $11. (4) Reflects the secured promissory notes, net of unamortized discounts, issued in connection with the acquisition of ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. (5) Total is net of cash acquired. 2024 Acquisition ITsavvy On November 20, 2024, we completed the acquisition of ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. (ITsavvy), a technology infrastructure solutions provider for total consideration of $405, which resulted in 100% ownership of ITsavvy. The total consideration paid was $405, which consisted of (i) cash payments of $195, (ii) a $110 secured promissory note issued by Xerox to the Seller at closing (the 2025 Note), and (iii) another $110 secured promissory note issued by Xerox to the Seller at closing (the 2026 Note and, together with the 2025 Note, the Notes), net of unamortized debt discount of $10 on the Notes. For additional information related to the secured promissory notes issued in connection with the acquisition of ITsavvy, refer to Note 15 - Debt. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 104Xerox 2024 Annual Report 104
Total Purchase Consideration The table below details the total fair value of consideration for the ITsavvy acquisition: November 20, 2024 Cash $ 195 Secured promissory notes due in 2025, net of $3 discount 107 Secured promissory notes due in 2026, net of $7 discount 103 Total Fair value of consideration transferred $ 405 Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805 — Business Combinations (ASC 805), which requires among other things, that most assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. No change-in-control or contingent consideration liabilities were recorded by Xerox. The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of total purchase consideration to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition: November 20, 2024 Assets acquired Cash and cash equivalents $ 34 Accounts receivable, net 58 Inventories 4 Other current assets 3 Land, buildings and equipment, net 5 Intangible assets, net 136 Goodwill 286 Other long-term assets 3 Total Assets acquired $ 529 Liabilities assumed Accounts payable $ 57 Accrued compensation and benefits costs 7 Accrued expenses and other liabilities(1) 16 Deferred tax liability 18 Other long-term liabilities(1) 26 Total Liabilities acquired $ 124 Net Assets acquired $ 405 _____________ (1) Includes Deferred revenue accounted for in accordance with ASC 606 Revenue. The purchase price allocation for ITsavvy is preliminary and subject to revision as additional information about fair value of assets and liabilities becomes available. Xerox has one year from the acquisition date to finalize the purchase price allocation which may result in measurement period adjustments. Our Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income for fiscal 2024 includes revenue of $48 and net income of $2 attributable to the ITsavvy acquisition since the date of acquisition. Intangible Assets The following table is a summary of the fair value estimates of the identifiable intangible assets and their estimated average useful lives: November 20, 2024 Estimated Useful Life Customer relationships $ 134 10 years Trademarks 2 1 year Total consideration transferred $ 136 The majority of customer-related intangible assets relates to customer contracts and related relationships. The customer contracts and related relationships intangible asset represents the fair value of future projected revenue that will be derived from sales of products to existing customers of ITsavvy. The asset was valued using a multi- Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 105Xerox 2024 Annual Report 105
period excess earnings method which calculates the present value of the estimated revenues and net cash flows derived from it. The present value of projected future cash flows included judgment and assumptions regarding projected future revenues, projected expenses, attrition rates, and the discount rate. Trademark represents the preliminary estimated fair value of the ITsavvy trade name. The fair value was determined by applying the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach. This method is based on the application of a royalty rate to forecasted revenue under the trade name. Intangible assets of approximately $59 is deductible for tax purposes as a result of previous taxable acquisitions made by ITsavvy. Goodwill Goodwill in the amount of $286 was recognized for this acquisition and is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets recognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized, primarily expected synergies. Goodwill of approximately $42 is deductible for tax purposes as a result of previous taxable acquisitions made by ITsavvy. All of the goodwill associated with the ITsavvy acquisition is related to our Print and Other Segment. Deferred Taxes We provided deferred taxes and recorded other tax adjustments as part of the accounting for the acquisition primarily related to the estimated fair value adjustments for acquired intangible assets, as well as the elimination of a previously recorded deferred tax liability associated with ITsavvy’s historical tax deductible goodwill. Pro Forma Information (Unaudited) The unaudited pro-forma results presented below include the effects of the ITsavvy acquisition as if it had been consummated as of January 1, 2023. The pro forma financial information for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 combines our results for this period with the results of ITsavvy for the period beginning January 1, 2024 to November 19, 2024. The pro forma financial information for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 combines our historical results for that period with the historical results of ITsavvy for that period. The following table summarizes the pro forma financial information: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Total revenue $ 6,630 $ 7,296 Net loss (1,332) (8) The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition and the cost of financing the acquisition had taken place on January 1, 2023. In addition to the results of ITsavvy for the periods prior to acquisition, the pro-forma results include primarily the amortization associated with the acquired intangible assets, interest expense associated with the Notes, and expense related to certain share-based payment awards. 2023 Acquisitions There were no material business acquisitions during 2023. 2022 Acquisitions During 2022, Xerox acquired two businesses that totaled $93, net of cash acquired. In February 2022, Xerox acquired Powerland, a leading IT services provider in Canada, for approximately $52 (CAD 66 million), net of cash. The acquisition also included contingent consideration up to approximately $22 (CAD 28 million) based on future performance of the acquisition over the two-year period following the date of acquisition. Approximately $11 was accrued as part of the purchase price reflecting the estimated fair value payout for this element. During 2023 $6 of contingent consideration was paid, and the remaining accrual was released during 2024, as performance obligations were not met. The acquisition strengthened Xerox’s IT services offerings in North America, which include cloud, cybersecurity, end user computing and managed services. In July 2022, Xerox acquired Go Inspire, a U.K.-based print and digital marketing and communication services provider, for approximately $41 (GBP 34 million), net of cash. The acquisition strengthened Xerox’s strategy to grow its global Digital Services presence in EMEA. The Goodwill associated with both acquisitions is included in our Print and Other segment. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 106Xerox 2024 Annual Report 106
Our acquisitions in 2022 resulted in 100% ownership of the acquired companies. The operating results of these acquisitions were not material to our financial statements and were included within our results from the respective acquisition dates. The purchase prices were all cash, with the exception of the Powerland acquisition in 2022, which included a contingent consideration element. Revenue Impact Our acquisitions contributed aggregate revenues from their respective acquisition dates as follows: Year Ended December 31, Acquisition Year 2024 2023 2022 2024 $ 48 $ — $ — 2023 — — — 2022 196 215 163 Total Contributed Aggregate Revenue $ 244 $ 215 $ 163 Pending Acquisition of Lexmark International II, LLC Equity Purchase Agreement On December 22, 2024, Xerox Corporation (Xerox Corporation) entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Ninestar Group Company Limited (the Seller) and Lexmark International II, LLC (Lexmark). The Purchase Agreement provides, among other things, that, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, Xerox Corporation will purchase from the Seller all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of Lexmark. The Purchase Agreement provides that Xerox Corporation will acquire Lexmark for $1.5 billion, inclusive of net debt and other assumed liabilities, subject to certain other customary pre- and post-closing adjustments and escrow arrangements. The Purchase Agreement contains certain representations, warranties, and covenants of each of the parties, including covenants by Lexmark relating to the operation of Lexmark’s business prior to the closing. Xerox Corporation has obtained representation and warranty insurance, which provides coverage for certain breaches of representations and warranties, subject to certain terms and conditions. The consummation of the transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain closing conditions, including (i) the termination or expiration of the waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and certain foreign regulatory approvals, as well as receipt of confirmation from the CFIUS Monitoring Agencies, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, that the National Security Agreement related to Lexmark will be terminated following the closing, (ii) the absence of any law or judgment preventing the closing and (iii) approval of the shareholders of Ninestar Corporation (Ninestar), a shareholder of the Seller (the Ninestar Shareholder Approval). The obligation to consummate the transaction by Xerox Corporation, on the one hand, and by the Seller and Lexmark, on the other hand, is also subject to the accuracy of the other’s representations and warranties contained in the Purchase Agreement (subject, with specified exceptions, to customary materiality standards) and the performance of the other’s covenants and agreements in all material respects. Xerox Corporation’s obligation to consummate the transaction is further subject to the condition that, since the date of the Purchase Agreement, there has not been a “Material Adverse Effect,” as defined in the Purchase Agreement, that is continuing as the date of closing. The parties have agreed to use certain efforts to satisfy the closing conditions and consummate the transaction as soon as practicable, including specified efforts to obtain certain regulatory approvals and confirmation from the CFIUS Monitoring Agencies required for the transaction. Xerox Corporation expects to close the transaction in the second half of 2025. The Purchase Agreement contains certain termination rights, including that either party may terminate the Purchase Agreement if (i) the transaction has not closed prior to December 22, 2025 (subject to up to three, three-month extensions at the election of either party, in each case if on such date all of the closing conditions except those relating to regulatory approvals have been satisfied or waived), (ii) a governmental entity permanently enjoins the transaction or (iii) the Ninestar Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the applicable meeting of Ninestar shareholders (the Ninestar Meeting). Additionally, Xerox Corporation may terminate if the Ninestar Meeting is not held within 180 days following the date of the Purchase Agreement (subject to a 90-day extension under certain conditions). Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 107Xerox 2024 Annual Report 107
The Purchase Agreement provides that, if the Purchase Agreement is terminated for failure to hold the Ninestar Meeting by the applicable deadline or for failure to obtain the Ninestar Shareholder Approval at the Ninestar Meeting, and subject to certain other conditions, Lexmark will reimburse Xerox Corporation for up to $30 of its documented out-of-pocket expenses. If the Purchase Agreement is terminated by either Xerox Corporation or the Seller under certain circumstances at a time when the requisite antitrust approvals have not been received or if the transaction is permanently enjoined pursuant to an antitrust law, subject to certain conditions, Xerox Corporation will reimburse Seller for up to $30 its documented out-of-pocket expenses. In addition, the Purchase Agreement provides that if (x) Xerox Corporation or the Seller terminates the Purchase Agreement for failure to hold the Ninestar Meeting by the applicable deadline or the Ninestar Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the Ninestar Meeting, (y) at the time of termination an alternative proposal for the acquisition of Lexmark has been made and (iii) within 18 months of termination the Seller enters into a definitive agreement with respect to such alternative acquisition proposal, Lexmark will pay Xerox Corporation $50, less any expenses previously reimbursed to Xerox Corporation. Voting Agreement On December 22, 2024, in connection with the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, certain Ninestar shareholders and their affiliates, solely in their respective capacities as shareholders of Ninestar, entered into that certain Irrevocable Undertaking (the Voting Agreement) with Xerox Corporation, pursuant to which each stockholder agreed, among other things, (i) to vote or cause to be vote all of the Ninestar shares they beneficially own, subject to certain exceptions (including the valid termination of the Purchase Agreement), (ii) to vote against other proposals to acquire Lexmark and (iii) to certain other restrictions on its ability to take actions with respect to Lexmark and its shares. The shareholders party to the Voting Agreement collectively beneficially own approximately 32.12% of the outstanding Ninestar shares. Committed Debt Financing On December 22, 2024, Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corporation) obtained commitments for new debt financing pursuant to (i) a commitment letter with Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., MUFG Bank, LTD., Regions Bank, Truist Bank and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (together, the Incremental Commitment Parties) pursuant to which the Incremental Commitment Parties agreed to provide an approximately $357 senior secured incremental term loan facility (the Incremental Facility) in the form of incremental loans under Xerox Corporation’s first lien term loan agreement entered into in November 2023, among Xerox Corporation, as borrower, Xerox Holdings Corporation and certain subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation as guarantors, Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent and the lenders party thereto (the TLB Facility), (ii) a commitment letter with DCS Finance, LLC and Christy 2017, LP (collectively, the Senior Unsecured Commitment Parties), pursuant to which the Senior Unsecured Commitment Parties agreed to provide debt financing in the form of $250 principal amount of senior unsecured notes to be issued by Xerox Holdings Corporation (the Senior Unsecured Notes) and (iii) a debt commitment letter with Jefferies Finance LLC and Jefferies LLC (collectively, Jefferies), pursuant to which Jefferies agreed to provide debt financing in the form of $250 senior unsecured notes (the SUNs) and a committed $550 senior secured term loan facility, in the form of an incremental facility to the TLB Facility (the Senior Secured Facility and together with the Incremental Facility, the Senior Unsecured Notes and the SUNs, the Transaction Facilities) (the Commitment Letters). Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation intend to use the proceeds of the Incremental Facility, the Senior Unsecured Notes, the Senior Secured Facility (or an equivalent amount of debt securities issued in lieu thereof) and the SUNs, together with cash on hand and drawings under Xerox Corporation’s asset-backed revolving credit facility to, among other things, fund the purchase price of all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of Lexmark pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and other amounts required to be paid by Xerox Corporation pursuant to Purchase Agreement, and to refinance $388 of Xerox Holdings Corporation’s 5.00% Senior Notes due 2025. The funding of the Transaction Facilities, other than the Senior Secured Facility, under the Commitment Letters is contingent on the satisfaction of customary conditions, including, among others (i) execution and delivery of definitive documentation in respect of such financings in accordance with the commitment letters, and (ii) consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement. As of December 31, 2024, Xerox accrued in Other current liabilities approximately $22 in commitment fees, for the commitments discussed above. The fees will become payable upon the closing of the financing transaction. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 108Xerox 2024 Annual Report 108
Divestitures Sales of Argentina and Chile In March 2024, Xerox completed the sales of its direct business operations in Argentina and Chile to Grupo Datco, a technologies and fiber optic network service provider in Latin America for a total consideration of $19. Following the transfer of ownership, the new companies will operate as independent entities and Grupo Datco will continue to service Xerox devices previously sold in Argentina and Chile and will become the exclusive partner for Xerox in these markets. This transaction aligns with the Company's ongoing Reinvention. The sales resulted in a net disposal loss of $51, which includes, a net currency translation loss of $40, allocated Goodwill of $10, the carrying value of the net assets of $18, and related fees of $2. During the second quarter of 2024 we recorded a purchase price adjustment credit of $3. The allocation of Goodwill was based on the relative fair value of the operations in Argentina and Chile to the total fair value for the Print and Other Segment Reporting Unit, which it was part of prior to the sales. The estimated fair values of the operations in Argentina and Chile as well as the Print and Other reporting unit are based on estimates and assumptions that are considered Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy. Xerox also recorded a net income tax benefit of $19 related to the sales, for a net after-tax loss on the sales of $32. Other Divestitures During the fourth quarter 2024 we sold the rights to sell paper in certain European countries. The sale resulted in a net disposal gain of $4. This sale is not expected to materially impact current estimates of future projections with respect to results of operations or cash flows of the Company. Donation of Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) In April 2023, Xerox completed the donation of its Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) subsidiary to Stanford Research Institute International (SRI), a nonprofit research institute. The donation enables Xerox to focus on its core businesses and prioritize growth through its business technology solutions for customers in Print, as well as Digital Services and IT Services. The donation also allows PARC to reach its full potential through SRI’s resources and deep-tech expertise that will enable PARC to focus exclusively on the development of pioneering innovative technologies. The majority of patents held by PARC will be retained by Xerox with a perpetual license to use those patents being provided to SRI. Xerox, at its option, will also continue to receive certain research services from SRI. The donation resulted in a net charge of $132 in the second quarter 2023, which includes allocated Goodwill of $115, the carrying value of the net assets associated with PARC being donated of $13, and approximately $4 of other costs and expenses related to the donation. The allocation of Goodwill was based on the relative fair value of the PARC business to the total fair value for the Print and Other Segment/Reporting Unit, which it was part of prior to the donation. The estimated fair values of the PARC business as well as the Print and Other reporting unit are based on estimates and assumptions that are considered Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy. Xerox also recorded a net income tax benefit of $40 related to the donation for a net after-tax loss on the donation of $92. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 109Xerox 2024 Annual Report 109
Note 7 – Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable, net were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Invoiced $ 692 $ 710 Accrued (1) 173 204 Allowance for doubtful accounts (69) (64) Accounts receivable, net $ 796 $ 850 ____________ (1) Accrued receivables includes amounts to be invoiced in the subsequent quarter for current services provided. The allowance for doubtful accounts was as follows: Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 52 Provision 22 Charge-offs, net (17) Other(1) 7 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 64 Provision 25 Charge-offs, net (20) Other(1) — Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 69 _____________ (1) Includes the impacts of foreign currency translation and adjustments to reserves necessary to reflect events of non-payment such as customer accommodations and contract terminations. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon customer payment history and current creditworthiness. The allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable is determined based on an assessment of past collection experience as well as consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in our customer collection trends. Based on that assessment the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of gross receivables was 8.0% at December 31, 2024 and 7.0% at December 31, 2023. The increase in the allowance is primarily due to an increase in aged receivables in the U.S. Accounts Receivable Sale Arrangements We have one facility in Europe that enables us to sell accounts receivable associated with our distributor network on an ongoing basis, without recourse. Under this arrangement, we sell our entire interest in the related accounts receivable for cash and no portion of the payment is held back or deferred by the purchaser. Accounts receivable sales activity was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Accounts receivable sales(1) $ 450 $ 399 $ 593 _____________ (1) Losses on sales were not material. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 110Xerox 2024 Annual Report 110
Note 8 – Finance Receivables, Net Finance receivables include sales-type leases and installment loans arising from the sales of our equipment. These receivables are typically collateralized by a security interest in the underlying equipment. Finance receivables, net were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Gross receivables $ 2,032 $ 2,899 Unearned income (230) (297) Subtotal 1,802 2,602 Residual values — — Allowance for doubtful accounts (57) (92) Finance Receivables, Net 1,745 2,510 Less: Billed portion of finance receivables, net 48 71 Less: Current portion of finance receivables not billed, net 608 842 Finance Receivables Due After One Year, Net $ 1,089 $ 1,597 A summary of our gross finance receivables' future contractual maturities, including those previously billed, is as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 12 months $ 842 $ 1,075 24 months 530 758 36 months 368 547 48 months 205 343 60 months 77 143 Thereafter 10 33 Total $ 2,032 $ 2,899 Finance Receivables - Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality Our finance receivable portfolios are primarily in the U.S., Canada and EMEA. We generally establish customer credit limits and estimate the allowance for doubtful credit losses on a country or geographic basis. Customer credit limits are based upon an initial evaluation of the customer's credit quality, and are adjusted through ongoing credit assessments of the customer, which includes the past collections experience and changes in credit quality. The allowance for doubtful credit losses is determined based on an assessment of origination year and past collection experience as well as consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in our customer collection trends. Our allowance for doubtful credit losses is effectively determined by geography. The risk characteristics in our finance receivable portfolio segments are generally consistent with the risk factors associated with the economies of the countries/regions included in those geographies. Since EMEA is comprised of various countries and regional economies, the risk profile within that portfolio segment is somewhat more diversified due to the varying economic conditions among and within the countries. The net bad debt provision was $17 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This compares to the net bad debt provision of $6 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of net finance receivables before allowance was 3.2% at December 31, 2024 and 3.5% at December 31, 2023. In determining the level of reserve required, we critically assessed current and forecasted economic conditions and trends to ensure we objectively considered those expected impacts in the determination of our reserve. Our assessment also included a review of current portfolio credit metrics and the level of write-offs incurred over the past year. We believe our current reserve position remains sufficient to cover expected future losses that may result from current and future macroeconomic conditions including higher inflation, interest rates and the potential for recessions in the geographic areas of our customers. We continue to monitor developments in future economic conditions and trends, and as a result, our reserves may need to be updated in future periods. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 111Xerox 2024 Annual Report 111
The allowance for credit losses as well as the related investment in finance receivables were as follows: Allowance for Credit Losses: United States Canada EMEA Total Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 83 $ 7 $ 27 $ 117 Provision (8) 1 13 6 Charge-offs, net (17) (3) (14) (34) Other(1) — 2 1 3 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 58 $ 7 $ 27 $ 92 Provision (7) 10 14 17 Charge-offs, net (23) (11) (17) (51) Other(1) 1 (1) (1) (1) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 29 $ 5 $ 23 $ 57 Finance Receivables Collectively Evaluated for Impairment: December 31, 2023(2) $ 1,205 $ 255 $ 1,142 $ 2,602 December 31, 2024(2) $ 749 $ 144 $ 909 $ 1,802 _____________ (1) Includes the impacts of foreign currency translation and adjustments to reserves necessary to reflect events of non-payment such as customer accommodations and contract terminations. (2) Total Finance receivables exclude the allowance for credit losses of $57 and $92 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Customers are further evaluated by class based on the type of lease origination. The primary categories are direct, which primarily includes leases originated directly with end-user customers through bundled lease arrangements, and indirect, which primarily includes leases originated through our XBS sales channel and lease financing to end- user customers who purchased equipment we sold to distributors or resellers. We evaluate our customers based on the following credit quality indicators: • Low Credit Risk: This rating includes accounts with excellent to good business credit, asset quality and capacity to meet financial obligations. These customers are less susceptible to adverse effects due to shifts in economic conditions or changes in circumstance. Loss rates in this category in the normal course are generally less than 1%. • Average Credit Risk: This rating includes accounts with average credit risk that are more susceptible to loss in the event of adverse business or economic conditions. Although we experience higher loss rates associated with this customer class, we believe the risk is somewhat mitigated by the fact that our leases are fairly well dispersed across a large and diverse customer base. In addition, the higher loss rates are largely offset by the higher rates of return we obtain with such leases. Loss rates in this category in the normal course are generally in the range of 2% to 5%. • High Credit Risk: This rating includes accounts that have marginal credit risk such that the customer’s ability to make repayment is impaired or may likely become impaired. We use numerous strategies to mitigate risk including higher rates of interest, prepayments, personal guarantees, etc. Accounts in this category include customers who were downgraded during the term of the lease from low and average credit risk evaluation when the lease was originated. Accordingly, there is a distinct possibility for a loss of principal and interest or customer default. The loss rates in this category in the normal course are generally in the range of 7% to 10%. Credit quality indicators are updated at least annually, or more frequently to the extent required by economic conditions, and the credit quality of any given customer can change during the life of the portfolio. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 112Xerox 2024 Annual Report 112
Details about our finance receivables portfolio based on geography, origination year and credit quality indicators are as follows: December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total Finance Receivables United States (Direct): Low Credit Risk $ 93 $ 69 $ 34 $ 23 $ 10 $ 1 $ 230 Average Credit Risk 51 61 23 27 9 2 173 High Credit Risk 28 24 23 14 7 3 99 Total $ 172 $ 154 $ 80 $ 64 $ 26 $ 6 $ 502 Charge-offs $ 1 $ — $ 1 $ 1 $ 2 $ 2 $ 7 United States (Indirect): Low Credit Risk $ 40 $ 48 $ 25 $ 13 $ 3 $ — $ 129 Average Credit Risk 29 42 22 11 3 — 107 High Credit Risk 3 5 2 1 — — 11 Total $ 72 $ 95 $ 49 $ 25 $ 6 $ — $ 247 Charge-offs $ 1 $ 7 $ 3 $ 4 $ 2 $ 4 $ 21 Canada Low Credit Risk $ 33 $ 18 $ 7 $ 5 $ 1 $ — $ 64 Average Credit Risk 32 17 11 5 2 1 68 High Credit Risk 5 2 2 2 1 — 12 Total $ 70 $ 37 $ 20 $ 12 $ 4 $ 1 $ 144 Charge-offs $ — $ 9 $ 1 $ — $ — $ 1 $ 11 EMEA Low Credit Risk $ 131 $ 175 $ 116 $ 55 $ 20 $ 3 $ 500 Average Credit Risk 75 130 92 45 19 5 366 High Credit Risk 8 14 11 6 3 1 43 Total $ 214 $ 319 $ 219 $ 106 $ 42 $ 9 $ 909 Charge-offs $ — $ 7 $ 6 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 17 Total Finance Receivables Low Credit Risk $ 297 $ 310 $ 182 $ 96 $ 34 $ 4 $ 923 Average Credit Risk 187 250 148 88 33 8 714 High Credit Risk 44 45 38 23 11 4 165 Total $ 528 $ 605 $ 368 $ 207 $ 78 $ 16 $ 1,802 Total Charge-offs $ 2 $ 23 $ 11 $ 8 $ 5 $ 7 $ 56 Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 113Xerox 2024 Annual Report 113
December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Finance Receivables United States (Direct): Low Credit Risk $ 122 $ 51 $ 61 $ 43 $ 17 $ 3 $ 297 Average Credit Risk 104 35 49 23 9 2 222 High Credit Risk 34 36 25 22 6 3 126 Total $ 260 $ 122 $ 135 $ 88 $ 32 $ 8 $ 645 Charge-offs $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 2 $ 7 United States (Indirect): Low Credit Risk $ 136 $ 77 $ 48 $ 22 $ 6 $ — $ 289 Average Credit Risk 111 69 41 15 6 — 242 High Credit Risk 12 8 6 2 1 — 29 Total $ 259 $ 154 $ 95 $ 39 $ 13 $ — $ 560 Charge-offs $ 4 $ 3 $ 3 $ 2 $ 2 $ 3 $ 17 Canada Low Credit Risk $ 45 $ 24 $ 16 $ 9 $ 4 $ — $ 98 Average Credit Risk 63 36 18 12 6 — 135 High Credit Risk 6 5 4 5 1 1 22 Total $ 114 $ 65 $ 38 $ 26 $ 11 $ 1 $ 255 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ 1 $ 3 EMEA Low Credit Risk $ 251 $ 182 $ 110 $ 48 $ 19 $ 6 $ 616 Average Credit Risk 192 148 73 36 17 3 469 High Credit Risk 19 16 11 7 4 — 57 Total $ 462 $ 346 $ 194 $ 91 $ 40 $ 9 $ 1,142 Charge-offs $ 3 $ 8 $ 4 $ 2 $ — $ — $ 17 Total Finance Receivables Low Credit Risk $ 554 $ 334 $ 235 $ 122 $ 46 $ 9 $ 1,300 Average Credit Risk 470 288 181 86 38 5 1,068 High Credit Risk 71 65 46 36 12 4 234 Total $ 1,095 $ 687 $ 462 $ 244 $ 96 $ 18 $ 2,602 Total Charge-offs $ 8 $ 12 $ 8 $ 7 $ 3 $ 6 $ 44 Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 114 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 114
The aging of our receivables portfolio is based upon the number of days an invoice is past due. Receivables that are more than 90 days past due are considered delinquent. Receivable losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of the receivable is confirmed and is generally based on individual credit evaluations, results of collection efforts and specific circumstances of the customer. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. We generally continue to maintain equipment on lease and provide services to customers that have invoices for finance receivables that are 90 days or more past due and, as a result of the bundled nature of billings, we also continue to accrue interest on those receivables. However, interest revenue for such billings is only recognized if collectability is deemed probable. The aging of our billed finance receivables is as follows: December 31, 2024 Current 31-90 Days Past Due >90 Days Past Due Total Billed Unbilled Total Finance Receivables >90 Days and Accruing Direct $ 19 $ 5 $ 4 $ 28 $ 474 $ 502 $ 35 Indirect 6 1 1 8 239 247 — Total United States 25 6 5 36 713 749 35 Canada 5 1 1 7 137 144 5 EMEA 5 1 1 7 902 909 15 Total $ 35 $ 8 $ 7 $ 50 $ 1,752 $ 1,802 $ 55 December 31, 2023 Current 31-90 Days Past Due >90 Days Past Due Total Billed Unbilled Total Finance Receivables >90 Days and Accruing Direct $ 24 $ 6 $ 5 $ 35 $ 610 $ 645 $ 41 Indirect 16 3 3 22 538 560 — Total United States 40 9 8 57 1,148 1,205 41 Canada 6 1 1 8 247 255 10 EMEA(1) 7 2 1 10 1,132 1,142 10 Total $ 53 $ 12 $ 10 $ 75 $ 2,527 $ 2,602 $ 61 Sales of Receivables The Company has expanded the finance receivables funding agreement with an affiliate of HPS Investment Partners (HPS) pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer for sale, and HPS agreed to purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables, on a monthly basis, in transactions structured as "true sales at law," and bankruptcy remote transfers. We have received an opinion to that effect from outside legal counsel. Accordingly, the receivables sold are derecognized from our financial statements and HPS does not have recourse back to the Company for uncollectible receivables. In addition, the agreement provides for the sale of the underlying leased equipment to HPS, with the commission paid by HPS covering the value associated with the underlying equipment being sold to HPS. The Company retains a first right of refusal to repurchase the underlying equipment at the end of the lease term, to the extent offered for sale by HPS, at its then fair value. In January 2024, we entered into a new agreement with HPS to transfer the servicing of the majority of funding activity to HPS as well as extend the existing term for five years. This agreement automatically renews for a one- year period unless terminated by either the Company or HPS. Xerox will be required to pay a specified fee to service the Company’s retained receivables. Xerox will continue to service the lease receivables from prior service arrangements with HPS for a specified fee. In October 2024, the Company entered into a finance receivables funding agreement with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), pursuant to which the Company can offer for sale, and DLL may purchase, certain eligible pools of finance receivables structured as “true sales at law” and bankruptcy remote transfers and we have received an opinion to that effect from outside counsel. This finance receivables funding agreement has an initial term of five years, with automatic one-year extensions thereafter, unless terminated by either the Company or DLL. The Company will be paid a commission on lease receivables sold and will continue to service the lease receivables under the finance receivables funding agreement. If the portfolio performs above a certain level of incremental service, a fee can be earned annually. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 115Xerox 2024 Annual Report 115
During 2024, the Company received proceeds of approximately $100 (CAD 139 million) related to the sales of lease receivables under this finance receivables funding agreement with DLL. Finance receivable sales activity was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Finance receivable sales - net proceeds(1) $ 752 $ 1,102 $ 60 Gain on sale/Commissions(2)(3) 30 25 2 Servicing revenue(2) $ 17 $ 9 $ — _____________ (1) Cash proceeds were reported in Net cash provided by operating activities. (2) Recorded in Services, maintenance and rentals as Other Revenue. Amounts include revenues associated with the sale of the underlying leased equipment. (3) The years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 includes $4 and $4 of revenues associated with the sale of the underlying leased equipment and which are expected to be paid over the term of the agreements. Secured Borrowings and Collateral We sold certain finance receivables to consolidated special purpose entities included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as collateral for secured loans. Refer to Note 15 - Debt, for additional information related to these arrangements. Note 9 – Inventories and Equipment on Operating Leases, Net The following is a summary of Inventories by major category: December 31, 2024 2023 Finished goods(1) $ 609 $ 528 Work-in-process 36 47 Raw materials(2) 50 86 Total Inventories $ 695 $ 661 _____________ (1) Finished goods at December 31, 2024 includes a reduction of approximately $7, related to the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations. (2) Raw materials at December 31, 2024 includes a reduction of approximately $38, related to the exit of certain production print manufacturing operations. The transfer of equipment from our inventories to equipment subject to an operating lease is presented in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in the operating activities section. Equipment on operating lease and similar arrangements consists of our equipment rented to customers and is depreciated to estimated salvage value at the end of the lease term. Equipment on operating leases and the related accumulated depreciation were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Equipment on operating leases $ 931 $ 1,074 Accumulated depreciation (686) (809) Equipment on operating leases, net $ 245 $ 265 Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 116Xerox 2024 Annual Report 116
Depreciable lives generally vary from four to five years consistent with our planned and historical usage of the equipment subject to operating leases. Estimated minimum future revenues associated with Equipment on operating leases are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 12 months $ 131 $ 165 24 months 70 89 36 months 45 52 48 months 25 30 60 months 9 13 Thereafter — 2 Total $ 280 $ 351 Total contingent rentals on operating leases, consisting principally of usage charges in excess of minimum contracted amounts, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $46, $62 and $63, respectively. Secured Borrowings and Collateral We sold the rights to payments under operating leases to a consolidated special purpose entity included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as collateral for a secured loan. Refer to Note 15 - Debt, for additional information related to this arrangement. Note 10 - Land, Buildings, Equipment and Software, Net Land, buildings and equipment, net were as follows: December 31, Estimated Useful Lives (Years) 2024 2023 Land $ 8 $ 8 Building and building equipment 25 to 50 669 678 Leasehold improvements 1 to 12 72 78 Plant machinery 5 to 12 771 855 Office furniture and equipment 3 to 15 411 436 Finance leased assets 1 to 12 79 33 Other 4 to 20 35 37 Construction in progress 11 11 Subtotal 2,056 2,136 Accumulated depreciation(1) (1,805) (1,870) Land, buildings and equipment, net $ 251 $ 266 _____________ (1) Depreciation expense was $57, $60 and $68 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We lease buildings, vehicles, and equipment, substantially all of which are accounted for as operating leases. Refer to Note 11 - Lessee for additional information regarding leased assets. Internal Use Software As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, capitalized costs related to internal use software, net of accumulated amortization, were $60 and $68, respectively. Useful lives of our internal use software generally vary from three to seven years. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 117Xerox 2024 Annual Report 117
Note 11 – Lessee Operating Leases We have operating leases for real estate and vehicles in our domestic and international operations, and for certain equipment in our domestic operations. Additionally, we have identified embedded operating leases within certain supply chain contracts for warehouses, primarily within our domestic operations. Our leases have remaining terms of up to ten years and a variety of renewal and/or termination options. The components of lease expense are as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Operating lease expense $ 70 $ 83 $ 97 Short-term lease expense 14 16 17 Variable lease expense(1) 57 53 49 Sublease income (1) (1) (5) Total Lease expense $ 140 $ 151 $ 158 _____________ (1) Variable lease expense is related to our leased real estate for offices and warehouses and primarily includes labor and operational costs, as well as taxes and insurance. As of December 31, 2024, we had no material operating leases that had not yet commenced. Operating lease ROU assets, net and operating lease liabilities were reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Other long-term assets $ 179 $ 172 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 45 $ 41 Other long-term liabilities 143 141 Total Operating lease liabilities $ 188 $ 182 Supplemental information related to operating leases is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities - Operating cash flows $ 72 $ 91 $ 101 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (1) $ 65 $ 23 $ 45 Weighted-average remaining lease term 4 years 4 years 4 years Weighted-average discount rate 7.70 % 6.07 % 5.19 % _____________ (1) Includes the impact of new leases as well as remeasurements and modifications to existing leases. Maturities and additional information related to operating lease liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2024 12 months $ 69 24 months 58 36 months 37 48 months 27 60 months 17 Thereafter 9 Total Lease payments 217 Less: Imputed interest 29 Total Operating lease liabilities $ 188 Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 118Xerox 2024 Annual Report 118
Finance Leases Xerox has finance leases for equipment in the U.S. and Europe, as well as for vehicles and related infrastructure, within outsourced warehouse supply arrangements, in the U.S. These leases have remaining maturities up to five years. The lease expense associated with our finance leases was $13, $8, and $4 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 or 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had no additional financing leases that had not yet commenced. Finance lease ROU assets, net and operating lease liabilities were reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Land, buildings and equipment, net $ 55 $ 19 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 15 $ 8 Other long-term liabilities 38 9 Total Finance lease liabilities $ 53 $ 17 Supplemental information related to finance leases is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities $ 12 $ 8 $ 4 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (1) $ 42 $ 7 $ 12 Weighted-average remaining lease term 4 Years 2 Years 3 years Weighted-average discount rate 10.53 % 7.28 % 6.40 % _____________ (1) Includes the impact of new leases as well as remeasurements and modifications to existing leases. Maturities and additional information related to finance lease liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 12 months $ 19 $ 9 24 months 15 6 36 months 12 3 48 months 11 1 60 months 8 — Thereafter — — Total Lease payments 65 19 Less: Imputed interest 12 2 Total Finance Lease Liabilities $ 53 $ 17 Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 119Xerox 2024 Annual Report 119
Note 12 - Goodwill, Net and Intangible Assets, Net Goodwill, Net The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of Goodwill, net: 2024 2023 2022 Goodwill $ 3,940 $ 4,013 $ 4,068 Accumulated impairment losses (1,193) (1,193) (781) Goodwill, net at January 1 $ 2,747 $ 2,820 $ 3,287 Goodwill Activity: Foreign currency translation - Gross (29) 47 (120) Acquisitions(1): U.S. Acquisition 286 — — U.K. Acquisitions — 5 28 Canada Acquisition — — 34 Other 1 — 3 Dispositions(2) (16) (125) — Goodwill impairment (1,058) — (412) Foreign currency translation - Impairment 6 — — Goodwill $ 4,182 $ 3,940 $ 4,013 Accumulated impairment losses (2,245) (1,193) (1,193) Goodwill, net at December 31 $ 1,937 $ 2,747 $ 2,820 _____________ (1) 2024 primarily relates to our acquisition of ITsavvy. Refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information related to acquisitions. (2) 2024 primarily includes the write off of $10 of Goodwill associated with the sales of our business operations in Argentina and Chile, as well as other immaterial dispositions. 2023 primarily includes the write-off of $115 of Goodwill associated with the donation of our Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information related to the sales of our operations in Argentina and Chile and the PARC donation. Total Goodwill is fully allocated to the Print and Other segment and no Goodwill has been allocated to the XFS segment for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 or 2022, respectively. In the third quarter of 2024, we concluded that a quantitative test of Goodwill was required. Based on that test, we determined that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit (the only reporting unit with Goodwill) had declined below its carrying value and, as a result, we recognized an after-tax non-cash impairment charge of $1,015 ($1,058 pre-tax) related to our Goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2024. In the third quarter of 2022, we concluded that an interim impairment test of Goodwill was required. Based on that test, we determined that the estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit (the only reporting unit with Goodwill) had declined below its carrying value and, as a result, we recognized an after-tax non-cash impairment charge of $395 ($412 pre-tax) related to our Goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2022. The estimated fair value of the Print and Other reporting unit, for all periods discussed above, is based on estimates and assumptions that are considered Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy. Intangible Assets, Net Intangible assets, net were $236 at December 31, 2024, all of which relate to our Print and Other segment. Intangible assets were comprised of the following: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Customer relationships 10 years $ 324 $ 106 $ 218 $ 200 $ 92 $ 108 Distribution network 25 years 123 123 — 123 118 5 Trademarks 11 years 38 20 18 209 147 62 Technology and non-compete 3 years 12 12 — 13 11 2 Total Intangible Assets $ 497 $ 261 $ 236 $ 545 $ 368 $ 177 Excluding the impact of future acquisitions, amortization expense is expected to approximate $36 in 2025, 2026, 2027, and 2028, respectively, and $33 in 2029. Trademark assets are expected to be fully amortized by 2029. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 120Xerox 2024 Annual Report 120
Note 13 – Restructuring Programs In connection with our Reinvention and other transformative programs, we engage in restructuring actions in order to reduce our cost structure and realign it to the changing nature of our business. As part of our efforts to reduce costs, our restructuring actions may also include the off-shoring and/or outsourcing of certain operations, services and other functions, the exit from certain product lines and geographies, as well as reducing our real estate footprint. Restructuring and related costs, net reflect the following components for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Restructuring charges, net $ 62 $ 114 $ 68 Asset impairment charges, net 25 32 (6) Related costs, net 25 21 3 Total Restructuring and related costs, net $ 112 $ 167 $ 65 Restructuring charges, net primarily includes employee severance costs and other contractual termination costs that may result from restructuring actions and initiatives. In those geographies where we have either a formal severance plan or a history of consistently providing severance benefits representing a substantive plan (on-going benefit arrangements), we recognize employee severance and associated costs when they are both probable and reasonably estimable and is the primary accounting treatment applied for most of our Restructuring actions. Severance payments made under a one-time benefit arrangement are recorded upon communication to the affected employees. In the event employees are required to perform future service beyond their minimum retention period in a one-time benefit arrangement, we record severance charges ratably over the remaining service period of those employees as restructuring related costs. Contractual termination costs, including facility exit costs, are generally recognized when it has been determined that a liability has been incurred. Asset impairment charges, net primarily include impairments that may result from employee reductions, migration of facilities from higher-cost to lower-cost countries, and the consolidation of facilities and is net of any gains we may realize on the disposal of those assets. Restructuring activities may also include the disposal or abandonment of assets, including leased right-of-use assets, that require an acceleration of depreciation or an impairment charge reflecting the excess of an asset's book value over fair value or other recoveries. Restructuring related costs also include severance costs paid in connection with contractual outsourcing arrangements as well as professional support services associated with our business transformation initiatives. The recognition of restructuring and related costs requires that we make certain judgments and estimates regarding the nature, timing and amount of costs associated with planned initiatives. To the extent our actual results differ from our estimates and assumptions, we may be required to revise the estimated liabilities, requiring the recognition of additional restructuring costs or the reduction of liabilities already recognized. At the end of each reporting period, we evaluate the remaining accrued balances to ensure they are properly stated, and the utilization of the reserves are for their intended purpose in accordance with developed exit plans. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 121Xerox 2024 Annual Report 121
Restructuring Charges, Net Restructuring charges, net primarily relate to the Print and Other segment as amounts related to the XFS segment were immaterial for all periods presented. A summary of our restructuring program activity for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: Severance Costs Other Contractual Termination Costs(2) Total Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 25 $ 2 $ 27 Restructuring provision 74 3 77 Reversals of prior charges (8) (1) (9) Net Current Period Charges(1) 66 2 68 Charges against reserve and currency (52) — (52) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 39 $ 4 $ 43 Restructuring provision 125 — 125 Reversals of prior charges (11) — (11) Net Current Period Charges(1) 114 — 114 Charges against reserve and currency (24) (4) (28) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 129 $ — $ 129 Restructuring provision 68 4 72 Reversals of prior charges (9) (1) (10) Net Current Period Charges(1) 59 3 62 Charges against reserve and currency (79) (3) (82) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 109 $ — $ 109 _____________ (1) Represents net amount recognized within the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the years shown for restructuring. Reversals of prior charges primarily include net changes in estimated reserves from prior period initiatives. (2) Primarily includes additional costs incurred upon the exit from our facilities including decommissioning costs and associated contractual termination costs. The following table summarizes the reconciliation to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Restructuring cash payments $ (78) $ (27) $ (52) Effects of foreign currency and other non-cash items (4) (1) — Charges against reserve and currency $ (82) $ (28) $ (52) Asset Impairment Charges, Net Charges associated with asset impairments represent the write-down of the related assets to their new cost basis. Impairments are net of any potential sublease income or other recovery amounts. Charges incurred during 2024 includes impairments associated with strategic actions taken as a result of the Company's Reinvention, including geographic simplification. 2023 activity includes the impairment associated with the Company's sale of its Russian Subsidiary, which was completed in October 2023 and the impairment associated with the Company's sale of its Xerox Research Center of Canada (XRCC), the Canadian research division of Xerox, to Myant Capital Partners, which was completed in July 2023. 2023 also includes impairments associated with strategic actions taken as a result of the Company's Reinvention, including the outsourcing of certain back-office functions and geographic simplification. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Lease right of use assets(1) $ — $ — $ 2 Owned assets(1) 27 36 15 Asset impairments 27 36 17 Gain on sales of owned assets(2) — — (22) Adjustments/Reversals (2) (4) (1) Net asset impairment charge (credit) $ 25 $ 32 $ (6) ______________ (1) Primarily related to the exit and abandonment of leased and owned facilities, net of any potential sublease income and recoveries. (2) Reflect gain on the sales of exited surplus facilities and land. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 122Xerox 2024 Annual Report 122
Related Cost, Net In connection with our restructuring programs, we also incurred certain related costs as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Retention-related severance/bonuses(1) $ (2) $ (2) $ — Contractual severance costs (1) — 3 Consulting and other costs(2) 28 23 — Total $ 25 $ 21 $ 3 _____________ (1) Includes retention related severance and bonuses for employees expected to continue working beyond their minimum retention period before termination. (2) Represents professional support services associated with our business transformation initiatives. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, cash payments for restructuring related costs were approximately $28, $26 and $9, respectively, while the reserve was $4 and $8 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The balance at December 31, 2024 is expected to be paid over the next twelve months. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 123Xerox 2024 Annual Report 123
Note 14 - Supplementary Financial Information The components of Other assets and liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Other Current Assets Income taxes receivable $ 22 $ 13 Royalties, license fees and software maintenance 19 19 Restricted cash 33 70 Prepaid expenses 39 29 Advances and deposits 17 33 Other 82 70 Total Other Current Assets $ 212 $ 234 Other Long-term Assets Income taxes receivable $ 45 $ 22 Prepaid pension costs 421 423 Internal use software, net 60 68 Restricted cash 22 28 Customer contract costs, net 139 136 Operating lease right-of-use assets 179 172 Deferred compensation plan investments 13 14 Investments in affiliates, at equity(1) 49 40 Investments at cost - Xerox Holdings 40 26 Other 89 105 Total Other Long-term Assets(2) $ 1,057 $ 1,034 Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Income taxes payable $ 33 $ 39 Other taxes payable 46 60 Operating lease obligations 45 41 Interest payable 37 37 Restructuring reserves 86 119 Dividends payable - Xerox Holdings(3) 43 42 Distributor and reseller rebates/commissions 118 120 Unearned income and other revenue deferrals 133 147 Administration and overhead 44 61 Other 199 196 Total Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities(4) $ 784 $ 862 Other Long-term Liabilities Deferred taxes $ 85 $ 95 Income taxes payable 4 14 Operating lease obligations 143 141 Environmental reserves 12 11 Restructuring reserves 23 10 Other 119 89 Total Other Long-term Liabilities $ 386 $ 360 _____________ (1) Investments in affiliates, at equity largely consists of several minor investments in entities in the Middle East region. Xerox's ownership interest in investments in corporate joint ventures and other companies is generally between 20% and 50%. (2) Xerox's balances of $1,017 and $1,008 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, excludes Investments at cost. (3) Represents dividends payable by Xerox Holdings Corporation on Common and Preferred Stock. (4) Xerox's balances of $741 and $820 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, excludes dividends payable of $43 and $42, respectively. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 124Xerox 2024 Annual Report 124
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Restricted cash primarily relates to escrow cash deposits made in Brazil associated with ongoing litigation as well as cash collections on finance receivables that were pledged for secured borrowings. As more fully discussed in Note 20 - Contingencies and Litigation, various litigation matters in Brazil require us to make cash deposits to escrow as a condition of the continuing litigation. Restricted cash amounts are classified in our Consolidated Balance Sheets based on when the cash will be contractually or judicially released. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash amounts are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Cash and cash equivalents $ 576 $ 519 Restricted cash Litigation deposits in Brazil 20 27 Escrow and cash collections related to secured borrowings and receivable sales(1) 13 49 Other restricted cash 22 22 Total Restricted cash 55 98 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 631 $ 617 __________________________ (1) Includes collections on finance receivables pledged for secured borrowings or receivables sold that will be remitted in the following month. Restricted cash is reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Other current assets $ 33 $ 70 Other long-term assets 22 28 Total Restricted cash $ 55 $ 98 Summarized Cash Flow Information Summarized cash flow information is as follows: Source/(Use) Location in Statement of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Provision for receivables(1) Operating $ 44 $ 36 $ 36 Provision for inventory Operating 66 18 29 Depreciation of buildings and equipment Operating 57 60 68 Depreciation and obsolescence of equipment on operating leases Operating 117 111 115 Amortization of internal use software Operating 27 37 45 Amortization of acquired intangible assets Operating 73 43 42 Amortization of patents(2) Operating 9 9 10 Amortization of customer contract costs(3) Operating 64 69 73 Cost of additions to land, buildings and equipment Investing (27) (29) (36) Cost of additions to internal use software Investing (17) (8) (21) Payments to acquire noncontrolling interests - Xerox Holdings Investing (30) (5) (13) Common stock dividends - Xerox Holdings Financing (127) (151) (160) Preferred stock dividends - Xerox Holdings Financing (14) (14) (14) Payments to noncontrolling interests Financing (2) (2) (1) Investment from noncontrolling interests Financing — — 6 Repurchases related to stock-based compensation - Xerox Holdings Financing (10) (8) (12) __________________________ (1) Provision for receivables includes adjustments for customer accommodations and contract terminations of $2, $8, and $(7) for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (2) Amortization of patents is reported in (Increase) decrease in other current and long-term assets on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. (3) Amortization of customer contract costs is reported in (Increase) decrease in other current and long-term assets on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Refer to Note 3 - Revenue - Contract Costs for additional information. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 125Xerox 2024 Annual Report 125
Supplier Finance Programs We have a program through a financial institution that enables vendors and suppliers, at their option, to receive early payment for their invoices. All outstanding amounts related to the program are recorded within Accounts payable in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the associated payments are included in operating activities within our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The program operates in a similar manner to a purchasing card program, however with this program we directly receive invoices associated with those vendors and suppliers participating in the program and confirm and validate those invoices and the amounts due before submitting the invoices to the financial institution for early payment at a discounted amount. The financial institution subsequently invoices us for the stated or full amount of the invoices paid early and we are required to make payment within 45 days of the statement date. The overall impact of the program generally results in paying our supplier and vendor invoices consistent with their original terms. This program is generally available to all non-inventory vendors and suppliers. Activity related to the Company's supplier finance program is as follows: 2024 2023 Balance at January 1st, 40 40 Amounts invoiced 110 125 Invoices paid (120) (125) Balance at December 31st, $ 30 $ 40 Note 15 – Debt Short-term borrowings were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 388 $ — Xerox Corporation 130 323 Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(1) 67 244 Total $ 585 $ 567 _____________ (1) Represents subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation. We classify our debt based on the contractual maturity dates of the underlying debt instruments or as of the earliest put date available to the debt holders. We defer costs associated with debt issuance over the applicable term, or to the first put date in the case of convertible debt or debt with a put feature. These costs are amortized as interest expense in our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 126Xerox 2024 Annual Report 126
Long-term debt was as follows: December 31, Stated Rate Weighted Average Interest Rates at December 31, 2024(1) 2024 2023 Xerox Holdings Corporation Senior Notes due 2025 5.00 % 4.92 % $ 388 $ 750 Senior Notes due 2028 5.50 % 5.40 % 750 750 Senior Notes due 2029 8.88 % 8.88 % 500 — Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 3.75 % 3.75 % 400 — Subtotal - Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 2,038 $ 1,500 Xerox Corporation Senior Notes due 2024 3.80 % 3.84 % $ — $ 300 Term Loan B due 2029(2) 9.34 % 8.34 % 523 550 Secured Promissory Note due 2025(2) — % 5.53 % 110 — Secured Promissory Note due 2026(2) — % 5.53 % 110 — Senior Notes due 2035 4.80 % 4.84 % 250 250 Senior Notes due 2039 6.75 % 6.78 % 350 350 Subtotal - Xerox Corporation $ 1,343 $ 1,450 Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(2) United States $ — $ 102 Canada — 77 France 70 182 Subtotal Xerox - Other Subsidiaries $ 70 $ 361 Principal debt balance $ 3,451 $ 3,311 Xerox Holdings Corporation - Debt issuance costs (19) (6) Xerox Corporation - Debt issuance costs (11) (12) Xerox - Other subsidiaries - Debt issuance costs — (1) Subtotal - Debt issuance costs $ (30) $ (19) Unamortized (discount) premium (22) (15) Less: current maturities (585) (567) Total Long-term Debt $ 2,814 $ 2,710 _____________ (1) Represents the weighted average effective interest rate, which includes the effect of discounts and imputed interest on issued debt. (2) Represent secured borrowings of Xerox Corporation and its Other subsidiaries. Refer to the Secured Borrowings and Collateral section below for additional information regarding the secured borrowings of Other subsidiaries, which are secured by finance receivables. Scheduled principal payments due on our long-term debt for the next five years and thereafter are as follows: 2025(1) 2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter Total Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 388 $ — $ — $ 750 $ 500 $ 400 $ 2,038 Xerox Corporation 138 151 55 55 344 600 1,343 Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(2) 67 3 — — — — 70 Total $ 593 $ 154 $ 55 $ 805 $ 844 $ 1,000 $ 3,451 _____________ (1) Current portion of long-term debt maturities for 2025 are $52, $52, $439 and $50 for the first, second, third and fourth quarters, respectively. (2) Represents subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation. Secured Promissory Notes In connection with Xerox's acquisition of ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. (ITsavvy), Xerox issued two, non-interest bearing, secured promissory notes (the 2025 Note and the 2026 Note, or the Notes). Each of the Notes has a principal amount of $110. The 2025 Note has a maturity date of October 8, 2025, and the 2026 Note has a maturity date of January 30, 2026. Pursuant to the 2025 Note, Xerox must pay the seller $27.50 within five business days of each of January 1, 2025, April 1, 2025, July 1, 2025, and October 1, 2025. To the extent not previously paid, each of the Notes shall be paid in full in cash on their respective maturity date. We recorded the non-interest-bearing promissory notes at their present value in our Consolidated Financial Statements. The total amount recorded was $210, and was net of unamortized debt discount of $10. At December 31, 2024, the 2025 Note was recorded in Short-term debt and the current portion of long-term debt, while the 2026 Note was recorded in Long-term debt in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Notes will be subject to prepayment in the event of a “Disposition Event,” as defined in each of the Notes, and customary Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 127Xerox 2024 Annual Report 127
events of default. Each of the Notes are subordinated in lien priority to certain outstanding indebtedness of Xerox. Each of the Notes are secured by a security interest in substantially all of the assets of Xerox Holdings Corporation (Holdings), Xerox and certain U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries of Xerox. Holdings and certain U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries of Xerox are guarantors under each of the Notes. For additional information related to our acquisition of ITsavvy, refer to Note 6 - Acquisitions and Divestitures. Senior Notes In March 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation issued $500 of 8.875% Senior Notes due in 2029 (the 2029 Notes) at par, resulting in net proceeds (after fees and expenses) of approximately $495. The 2029 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Xerox Holdings Corporation and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Xerox Corporation and certain other wholly owned domestic restricted subsidiaries of the Company. The 2029 Notes and the related guarantees were issued in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 30th and November 30th of each year, beginning on November 30, 2024. Xerox Holdings Corporation may, at its option, redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at varying prices based on the timing of the redemption. The indenture governing the 2029 Notes contains covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of Xerox Holdings Corporation and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other restricted payments, prepay, redeem or repurchase certain subordinated debt, issue certain preferred stock or similar equity securities, make loans and investments, sell or otherwise dispose of assets, incur liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, enter into agreements restricting its subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, and consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all assets. Additionally, if Xerox Holdings Corporation experiences a Change of Control Triggering Event (as defined in the indenture governing the 2029 Notes), Xerox Holdings Corporation is required to offer to repurchase the 2029 Notes at 101% of the principal amount of such notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of repurchase. Debt issuance costs of approximately $5 were paid and deferred in connection with the issuance of the 2029 Notes, and will be amortized over the term of the 2029 Notes. Refer to the Use of Aggregate Proceeds from Senior Notes section below for additional information regarding the use of net proceeds. Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Call Convertible Senior Notes In March 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation issued an aggregate $400 of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2030 (the 2030 Notes). The 2030 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Xerox Holdings Corporation and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Xerox Corporation and Xerox Business Solutions, LLC. The 2030 Notes were issued in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2024, and the 2030 Notes will mature on March 15, 2030, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $390, after deducting the debt issuance costs. Debt issuance costs of approximately $10 were paid and deferred in connection with the issuance of the 2030 Notes, and will be amortized over the term of the 2030 Notes. Refer to the Use of Aggregate Proceeds from Senior Notes section below for additional information regarding the use of net proceeds. Holders of the 2030 Notes may convert their notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 15, 2029 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending on March 31, 2024 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (ii) during the five consecutive trading day period after any ten consecutive trading day period (the measurement period) in which the trading price (as determined in accordance with the indenture governing the 2030 Notes) per $1,000 principal amount of 2030 Notes, as determined following a request by a holder or holders of the 2030 Notes, for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; (iii) if the Company calls any, or all of the 2030 Notes for redemption, but only with respect to the Notes called (or deemed called) for redemption; (iv) if the Company elects to distribute to all or substantially all holders of common stock any rights, options or warrants (other than in connection with a stockholder rights plan) entitling them, for a period of not more than 45 calendar days from the declaration date for such distribution, to subscribe for or purchase shares of Company's common stock at a price per share that is less than the average of Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 128Xerox 2024 Annual Report 128
the last reported sale price of common stock for the ten consecutive trading date period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution or distribute to all, or substantially all holders of common stock, our assets, debt securities or rights to purchase our securities, which distribution has a per share value, as reasonably determined by our Board of Directors or a committee thereof, exceeding 10% of the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution; or (v) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events (as determined in accordance with the indenture governing the 2030 Notes). On or after December 15, 2029, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2030 Notes, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at the option of the holder regardless of the foregoing circumstances. As of December 31, 2024, none of the conditions permitting the holders of the 2030 Notes to convert their notes early had been met. Therefore, the 2030 Notes are classified as long-term debt. The initial conversion rate is 47.99 shares of the common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $20.84 per share of the common stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. In connection with certain corporate events or if the Company issues a notice of redemption, it will, under certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their notes in connection with such corporate event or during the relevant redemption period. Upon conversion of the 2030 Notes, the Company must pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be converted and pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock, at the Company's election in respect of the remainder, if any, of the Company's conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the notes being converted. We may not redeem the 2030 Notes prior to September 20, 2027. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the notes, at our option, on or after September 20, 2027, if the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund for the notes has been provided. If the Company undergoes a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the 2030 Notes), holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2030 Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The indenture governing the 2030 Notes includes customary covenants, sets forth certain events of default after which the notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving the Company after which the notes become automatically due and payable. The indenture governing the 2030 Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries. Capped Calls In connection with the issuance of the 2030 Notes (see Convertible Senior Notes above), the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the Capped Calls) with certain of the initial purchasers of the 2030 Notes or their respective affiliates (the option counterparties) at a cost of approximately $23. The Capped Calls cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of the Company's common stock initially underlying the 2030 Notes. By entering into the Capped Calls, we expect to reduce the potential dilution to the Company's common stock (or, in the event a conversion of the 2030 Notes is settled in cash, to reduce our cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of conversion of the 2030 Notes the trading price of our common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the 2030 Notes. The initial cap sale price of the Capped Calls was approximately $28.34 per share, which represents a premium of 70% over the last reported sale price of our common stock of $16.67 on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange on March 6, 2024, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Calls. The Capped Calls were recorded in Additional paid-in capital in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024, with no remeasurement in subsequent periods as it meets the conditions for equity classification. The purchases of the Capped Calls resulted Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 129Xerox 2024 Annual Report 129
in a tax benefit of approximately $6, the impact of which was included in Additional paid-in capital. Refer to Note 17 - Shareholders' Equity of Xerox Holdings for additional information regarding the Capped Calls. Use of Aggregate Proceeds from Senior Notes A portion of the aggregate net proceeds from the Senior Note offerings was used to fund the cost of entering into the Capped Call transactions (see Convertible Senior Notes above). Additionally, a portion of the aggregate net proceeds were used to repay, through a tender offer for Senior Notes, approximately $84 of the 3.80% Xerox Corporation Senior Notes due in 2024 and approximately $362 of the 5.00% Xerox Holdings Corporation Senior Notes due in 2025. The remaining outstanding 3.80% Senior Notes of $216, that were not redeemed as part of the Senior Notes tender offer, were repaid in May 2024. In connection with the repayment of the 2024 and 2025 Senior Notes, we recorded a gain on the extinguishment of the debt of approximately $4, which was partially offset by a loss of approximately $1 on the write-off of deferred debt issuance costs. The net gain on the extinguishment of $3 was recorded in Other expenses, net. Xerox Holdings Corporation/Xerox Corporation Intercompany Loan In March 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation and Xerox Corporation entered into two intercompany loan agreements which mirror the terms of Xerox Holdings Corporation's 2029 and 2030 Senior Notes, including principal, interest rates, payment dates and debt issuance costs of approximately $15 (see the Senior Notes and the Convertible Senior Notes sections above). As a result, Xerox Corporation recorded approximately $900 of related party debt. The proceeds of this new intercompany loan were used to partially pay down approximately $362 on the existing 2020 intercompany loan made by Xerox Holdings Corporation to Xerox Corporation. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balance of the Intercompany Loan reported in Xerox Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet was $2,022 and $1,497, respectively, which is net of related debt issuance costs, and the intercompany interest payable was $31 and $30, respectively. Revolving Credit Facility In May 2023, Xerox Corporation, as borrower, and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into a five-year asset-based revolving credit agreement (the ABL Facility) with Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (the ABL Agent) and several lenders including Citibank N.A. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the ABL Facility is payable in full at maturity on May 22, 2028, and there are no scheduled principal payments prior to maturity. We deferred approximately $7 of debt issuance costs in connection with the ABL Facility, which are being amortized over the five-year term. In February 2024, the Company, Xerox Holdings Corporation and the Administrative Agent entered into an amendment in connection with the delivery of additional guarantees and collateral under the ABL Facility as a result of the Company’s execution of the TLB, which constituted Material Springer Debt (as defined in the ABL Facility), and the execution of certain guarantees by subsidiaries of the Company in connection with the TLB. In June 2024, Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation, entered into Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement (the Amendment) with the ABL agent, and the lenders party thereto. The Amendment amended the ABL Facility, to (i) increase the commitments of the lenders under the ABL Credit Agreement from $300 to $425 and (ii) amend the excess availability used to trigger the fixed charge coverage ratio springing covenant from an amount equal to the greater of (A) $22.5 and (B) 10% of the Line Cap (the lesser of the aggregate amount of Revolving Commitments and the then-applicable Borrowing Base), to an amount equal to the greater of (A) $31.875 and (B) 10% of the Line Cap. Under the amended ABL Facility, Xerox Corporation may borrow up to the lesser of (x) $425 and (y) a borrowing base calculated based on accounts receivable and inventories of the loan parties thereunder as set forth in the ABL Facility. The ABL Facility includes an uncommitted accordion feature that allows Xerox Corporation to increase the facility by a total of up to $250, subject to obtaining additional commitments from existing lenders or new lending institutions. The ABL Facility also includes a $100 letter of credit subfacility. Xerox Corporation's borrowings under the ABL Facility are supported by guarantees from Xerox Holdings Corporation and certain of Xerox Corporation's U.S., Canadian, German, Belgian and English subsidiaries, and by security interests in substantially all of the assets of Xerox Corporation, Xerox Holdings Corporation, and such U.S., Canadian and English subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions and limitations set forth in the TLB), and all finance lease receivables of such German and Belgian subsidiaries. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 130Xerox 2024 Annual Report 130
At Xerox Corporation’s election, the loans under the amended ABL Facility will bear interest at either: (1) a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the highest of (A) Citibank’s base rate, (B) a rate of 0.5% in excess of the “NYFRB” rate, and (C) a rate of 1.0% in excess of one-month Term SOFR, provided that such fluctuating rate shall not be less than 0.0%, in each case plus an applicable margin (the loans bearing interest at such fluctuating rate, ABR Loans); or (2) the one-, three-, or six-month period or (as agreed to by the Agent and the Lenders) such other period, as selected by the Xerox Corporation, per annum Term SOFR (plus a 0.10% credit spread adjustment), provided that such rate shall not be less than 0.0%, plus an applicable margin (the loans bearing interest at such rate Term SOFR Loans). The applicable margin for ABR loans ranges from 0.5% to 1.0% depending on the Company’s average daily excess availability. The applicable margin for Term SOFR loans from 1.5% to 2.0% depending on the Company’s average daily excess availability. At December 31, 2024, there were no borrowings under the ABL Facility, and approximately $2 of letters of credits were issued under the facility. During 2024, maximum borrowings under the ABL Facility were $130. The amended ABL Facility requires the Company to comply with a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1X, as defined in the ABL Facility, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter during which excess availability is less than an amount equal to the greater of (A) $31.875 and (B) 10% of the Line Cap (the lesser of the aggregate amount of revolving commitments and the then-applicable borrowing base). Based on the excess availability at December 31, 2024, the fixed charge coverage ratio measurement was not applicable. The amended ABL Facility also contains negative covenants governing dividends, investments, indebtedness, liens, and other matters customary for similar facilities. If an event of default occurs under the amended ABL Facility, the entire principal amount outstanding, together with all accrued unpaid interest and other amounts owed in respect thereof, may be declared immediately due and payable, subject, in certain instances, to the expiration of applicable cure periods. Term Loan B Credit Facility In November 2023, Xerox Corporation, as borrower, Xerox Holdings Corporation, and certain of Xerox’s subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into a first lien term loan credit agreement with Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent (the TLB Agent), and a syndicate of lenders providing for a first lien senior secured term loan credit facility (the TLB) to Xerox Corporation of $550, which was fully extended as term loans to Xerox Corporation at closing. The term loans under this facility included an aggregate original issue discount (OID) of $17 and debt issuance costs of $9 resulting in net proceeds of approximately $524. The OID and debt issuance costs were accordingly deferred and will be amortized over the term of the Loans. Xerox’s obligations under the TLB are supported by, guarantees from the Company and certain of Xerox’s U.S., Canadian, German, Belgium, and English subsidiaries, and security interests in substantially all of the assets of Xerox, the Company, and such U.S., Canadian and English subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions and limitations set forth in the TLB), and security interests in the finance lease receivables of such German and Belgium subsidiaries. Liens in favor of the lenders under the TLB are subject to an intercreditor agreement with the ABL Agent. At Xerox’s election, the term loans will bear interest at a per annum rate of either: (1) a fluctuating rate equal to the highest of (A) a rate of 0.5% in excess of the “NYFRB” rate, (B) the “prime rate” and (C) a rate of 1.0% in excess of one-month Term SOFR, plus an applicable margin of 3.00%, or (2) Term SOFR for a one-, three- or six-month interest period or (as agreed to by the Agent and the Lenders) such other period, as selected by the company (provided that such rate shall not be less than 0.50%), plus an applicable margin of 4.00%, for Term SOFR term loans, or 3.00% for ABR term loans. There are $523 of term loans outstanding at December 31, 2024. Currently, $300 of the term loans bears interest at an average rate of 8.33% through March 31, 2025, and the remaining $223 of the term loans bears interest at an average rate of 8.36% through January 31, 2025, at which time the interest rate will reset based on Xerox’s elections. The term loans are repayable in full at maturity in November 2029 and amortize at a rate of 5% per annum in 2024 and 2025, 7.5% per annum in 2026 and 10% per annum thereafter. If the term loans are voluntarily prepaid in connection with a Repricing Event (as defined in the TLB) within six months of the closing date, a prepayment premium of 1% will apply. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 131Xerox 2024 Annual Report 131
If an event of default occurs under the TLB, the entire principal amount outstanding thereunder, together with all accrued unpaid interest and other amounts owing in respect thereof, may be declared immediately due and payable, subject, in certain instances, to the expiration of applicable cure periods. The TLB also contains customary excess cash flow and asset sale mandatory prepayments, reporting covenants and negative covenants governing dividends, investments, indebtedness, liens, and other matters that are customary for similar term loan B facilities. Secured Borrowings and Collateral We have entered into secured loan agreements with various financial institutions where we sold finance receivables and rights to payments under our equipment on operating leases. In certain transactions, the sales were made to special purpose entities (SPEs), owned and controlled by Xerox, where the SPEs funded the purchase through amortizing secured loans from the financial institutions. The loans have variable interest rates and expected lives of approximately 2.5 years, with half projected to be repaid within the first year based on collections of the underlying portfolio of receivables. For certain loans, we entered into interest rate hedge agreements to either fix or cap the interest rate over the life of the loan. The sales of the receivables to the SPEs were structured as "true sales at law," and we received opinions to that effect from outside legal counsel. However, the transactions were accounted for as secured borrowings as we fully consolidated the SPEs in our financial statements. As a result, the assets of the SPEs were not available to satisfy any of our other obligations. Conversely, the credit holders of these SPEs did not have legal recourse to the Company’s general credit. Below are the secured assets and obligations held by subsidiaries of Xerox, which are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Balance at December 31, 2024 Finance Receivables, Net(1) Equipment on Operating Leases, Net Secured Debt(2) Interest Rate(3) Expected Maturity France November 2023 $ 58 $ — $ 70 4.62 % 2026 Total $ 58 $ — $ 70 Balance at December 31, 2023 Finance Receivables, Net(1) Equipment on Operating Leases, Net Secured Debt(2) Interest Rate(3) Expected Maturity United States(4)(5) January 2022 $ 209 $ — $ 77 6.82 % 2024 September 2021 89 2 25 6.76 % 2024 Total U.S. $ 298 $ 2 $ 102 Canada(4)(6) July 2023 $ 86 $ — $ 77 6.74 % 2026 France November 2023 $ 235 $ — $ 182 5.42 % 2026 Total $ 619 $ 2 $ 361 _____________ (1) Includes (i) Billed portion of finance receivables, net (ii) Finance receivables, net and (iii) Finance receivables due after one year, net as included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. (2) Represents principal debt balance and excludes debt issuance costs of $0 and $1 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (3) Represents the pre-hedged rate - refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments for additional information regarding hedging of these borrowings. (4) Secured assets and obligations held by SPEs. (5) In the second quarter of 2024, we repaid the remaining balance on these secured borrowings. (6) Prior to entering the new finance receivable sales agreement with De Lage Landen Financial Services Canada Inc. (DLL), in October 2024, the remaining balance of this secured debt was repaid. Refer to Note 8 - Finance Receivables, Net for additional information related to our arrangement with DLL. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 132Xerox 2024 Annual Report 132
Interest Interest paid on our short-term and long-term debt amounted to $214, $201 and $201 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Interest expense and interest income was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Interest expense(1) (2) $ 225 $ 198 $ 199 Interest income(3) 165 207 218 _____________ (1) Includes Equipment financing (Cost of financing) interest as well as non-financing interest expense included in Other expenses, net in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. (2) Interest expense of Xerox Corporation included intercompany expense associated with the Xerox Holdings Corporation/Xerox Corporation Intercompany Loan of $111, $80 and $80 for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (3) Includes Financing income, as well as other interest income that is included in Other expenses, net in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Equipment financing interest is determined based on an estimated cost of funds, applied against the estimated level of debt required to support our net finance receivables. The estimated cost of funds is based on the interest cost associated with actual borrowings determined to be in support of the leasing business. The estimated level of debt continues to be based on an assumed 7 to 1 leverage ratio of debt/equity as compared to our average finance receivable balance during the applicable period. Note 16 – Financial Instruments We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, which could affect operating results, financial position and cash flows. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. These derivative financial instruments are utilized to hedge economic exposures, as well as to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility resulting from shifts in market rates. We enter into limited types of derivative contracts, including interest rate swap agreements, interest rate caps, foreign currency spot, forward and swap contracts and net purchased foreign currency options to manage interest rate and foreign currency exposures. Our primary foreign currency market exposures include the Euro, U.K. Pound Sterling, and the Japanese Yen. The fair market values of all our derivative contracts change with fluctuations in interest rates and/or currency exchange rates and are designed so that any changes in their values are offset by changes in the values of the underlying exposures. Derivative financial instruments are held solely as risk management tools and not for trading or speculative purposes. The related cash flow impacts of all of our derivative activities are reflected as cash flows from operating activities. We do not believe there is significant risk of loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparties associated with our derivative instruments because these transactions are executed with a diversified group of major financial institutions. Further, our policy is to deal only with counterparties having a minimum investment grade or better credit rating. Credit risk is managed through the continuous monitoring of exposures to such counterparties. Interest Rate Risk Management We use interest rate swap and interest rate cap agreements to manage our interest rate exposure and to achieve a desired proportion of variable and fixed rate debt. These derivatives may be designated as fair value hedges or cash flow hedges depending on the nature of the risk being hedged. We had no fair value hedges for the three- year period ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Cash Flow Hedges We use interest rate swaps and caps to manage the exposure to variability in the interest rate payments on our finance receivable secured loan borrowings. The interest rate swaps convert the interest paid on certain loans to a fixed amount while the caps limit the maximum amount of interest paid. During first quarter 2024, the following derivatives were dedesignated as cash flow hedges. The net fair value of these cash flow hedges, which was not material, was recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and then reclassified to earnings. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 133Xerox 2024 Annual Report 133
Secured Borrowing Derivative Type Notional Amount France Cap 43 France Cap 34 Total $ 77 In September 2024, we entered into two floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge against interest rate volatility associated with any of our floating rate debt which was primarily under our Term Loan B Credit Agreement (TLB). The TLB had an outstanding principal balance of $523 as of December 31, 2024. The following is a summary of our swaps at December 31, 2024: Counterparty Derivative Type Principal Debt Notional Amount Expected Maturity Fixed Rate Paid Floating Rate Received Net Fair Value Mizuho Swap 175 175 2027 3.271 % 4.604 % $ 3 Credit Agricole Swap 125 125 2027 3.276 % 4.604 % 2 Total $ 300 $ 300 $ 5 The remaining portion of the TLB of $223 is not hedged, and is subject to interest rate fluctuations. The impact of these interest rate swaps on interest expense was a net reduction of $1 for the year ended December 31, 2024. Foreign Exchange Risk Management We are a global company, and we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the normal course of our business. As a part of our foreign exchange risk management strategy, we use derivative instruments, primarily forward contracts and purchased option contracts, to hedge the following foreign currency exposures, thereby reducing volatility of earnings or protecting fair values of assets and liabilities: • Foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities, and • Forecasted purchases, and sales in foreign currency. At December 31, 2024, we had outstanding forward exchange and purchased option contracts with terms of less than 12 months. At December 31, 2024, approximately 95% of these contracts mature within three months, 3% in three to six months and 2% in six to twelve months. There have not been any other material changes in our hedging strategy during 2024. The following is a summary of the primary hedging positions and corresponding fair values as of December 31, 2024: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Currencies Hedged (Buy/Sell) Gross Notional Value Fair Value Asset (Liability)(1) Gross Notional Value Fair Value Asset (Liability)(1) Euro/U.K. Pound Sterling $ 337 $ 1 $ 385 $ 3 U.S. Dollar/Euro 342 3 359 (3) Euro/Canadian Dollar — — 169 — Euro/U.S. Dollar 212 (1) 150 1 Japanese Yen/U.S. Dollar 104 (5) 113 1 Japanese Yen/Euro 52 (1) 60 — U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar 194 — — — Swiss Franc/Euro 19 — — — Euro/Swedish Krona — — — — U.K. Pound Sterling/Euro 67 — 36 — Euro/Danish Krone — — 25 — Canadian Dollar/Euro 19 — 24 — All Other 64 — 75 — Total Foreign exchange hedging $ 1,410 $ (3) $ 1,396 $ 2 _____________ (1) Represents the net receivable (payable) amount included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2024 and 2023. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 134Xerox 2024 Annual Report 134
Foreign Currency Cash Flow Hedges We designate a portion of our foreign currency derivative contracts as cash flow hedges of our foreign currency- denominated inventory purchases. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The amount of ineffectiveness recorded in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for these designated cash flow hedges was not material for the three years ended December 31, 2023. The net liability fair value of these contracts was $1 and $2 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Summary of Derivative Instruments Gains (Losses) Derivative gains and (losses) affect the income statement based on whether such derivatives are designated as hedges of underlying exposures. The following is a summary of derivative gains and (losses). Designated Derivative Instruments Gains (Losses) The following table provide a summary of gains (losses) on derivative instruments: Derivative (Loss) Gain Recognized in OCI (Effective Portion) (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI to Income (Effective Portion) Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Year Ended December 31, Location of Derivative (Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion) Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2022 Foreign exchange contracts – forwards/options $ (6) $ (17) $ (41) Cost of sales $ (9) $ (22) $ (36) Interest rate contracts 6 (1) 6 Interest expense (1) 4 1 Total $ — $ (18) $ (35) $ (10) $ (18) $ (35) For the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 no amount of ineffectiveness was recorded in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for these designated cash flow hedges. All components of each derivative’s gain or (loss) were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. At December 31, 2024, a net after-tax income of $6 was recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss associated with our cash flow hedging activity. The entire balance is expected to be reclassified into Net income within the next 12 months, providing an offsetting economic impact against the underlying anticipated transactions. Non-Designated Derivative Instruments Gains (Losses) Non-designated derivative instruments are primarily instruments used to hedge foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. They are not designated as hedges since there is a natural offset for the remeasurement of the underlying foreign currency-denominated asset or liability. The net asset/liability fair value of these contracts was $(2) and $5 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The following table provides a summary of gains (losses) on non-designated derivative instruments: Year Ended December 31, Derivatives NOT Designated as Hedging Instruments Location of Derivative Gain 2024 2023 2022 Foreign exchange contracts – forwards Other expense – Currency gains, net $ 24 $ 26 $ 17 For the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we recorded net currency losses of $15, $28 and $13, respectively. Net currency gains and losses include the mark-to-market adjustments of the derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and the related cost of those derivatives, as well as the remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities and are included in Other expenses, net. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 135Xerox 2024 Annual Report 135
Note 17 – Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities The following table represents assets and liabilities' fair value measured on a recurring basis. The basis for the measurement at fair value in all cases is Level 2 – Significant Other Observable Inputs. As of December 31, 2024 2023 Assets Derivatives $ 11 $ 11 Deferred compensation investments in mutual funds 13 14 Total $ 24 $ 25 Liabilities Derivatives $ 8 $ 8 Deferred compensation plan liabilities 11 13 Total $ 19 $ 21 We utilize the income approach to measure the fair value for our derivative assets and liabilities. The income approach uses pricing models that rely on market observable inputs such as yield curves, currency exchange rates and forward prices, and therefore are classified as Level 2. Fair value for our deferred compensation plan investments in mutual funds is based on quoted market prices for those funds. Fair value for deferred compensation plan liabilities is based on the fair value of investments corresponding to employees’ investment selections. Summary of Other Financial Assets and Liabilities The estimated fair values of our other financial assets and liabilities were as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents $ 576 $ 576 $ 519 $ 519 Accounts receivable, net 796 796 850 850 Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt(1) 585 592 567 567 Long-term debt Xerox Holdings Corporation $ 1,634 $ 1,391 $ 1,497 $ 1,410 Xerox Corporation 1,177 989 1,096 1,023 Xerox - Other Subsidiaries(2) 3 3 117 117 Total Long-term debt $ 2,814 $ 2,383 $ 2,710 $ 2,550 _____________ (1) Includes $388 of Xerox Corporation related party debt. (2) Represents subsidiaries of Xerox Corporation. The fair value amounts for Cash and cash equivalents and Accounts receivable, net, approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments. The fair value of Short-term debt, including the current portion of long-term debt, and Long-term debt was estimated based on the current rates offered to us for debt of similar maturities (Level 2). The difference between the fair value and the carrying value represents the theoretical net premium or discount we would pay or receive to retire all debt at such date. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 136 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 136
Note 18 – Employee Benefit Plans We sponsor numerous defined benefit and defined contribution pension and other post-retirement benefit plans, primarily retiree health care, in our domestic and international operations. December 31 is the measurement date for all of our post-retirement benefit plans. Where legally possible, we have amended our major defined benefit pension plans to freeze current benefits and eliminate benefit accruals for future service, including our U.S. defined benefit plans, the Canadian Salary Pension Plan and the U.K. pension plan. In certain non-U.S. plans, we are required to continue to consider salary increases and inflation in determining the benefit obligation related to prior service. In December 2023, the Trustees for the U.K. pension plan entered a second insurance buy-in contract, in accordance with U.K. pension regulations. Insurance buy-in contracts are group annuity contracts that are expected to provide an income stream to cover a significant majority of the cash flows arising for the plan population with future contracted payments. However, the benefit obligation remains with the plan and the Company. This contract is issued by a third-party insurance company with no affiliation to the Company or the plan. The contract was funded through existing plan assets, with a portion of the premium payments for the policy being deferred until full liquidation of certain illiquid assets of the plan. The insurance buy-in contract is valued on an insurer pricing basis, which reflects the purchase price adjusted for changes in discount rates and other actuarial assumptions, which approximates fair value. The insurance buy-in contract is classified as a Level 3 investment in the Plan Asset tables below. This buy-in contract was similar to a contract purchased in 2022 that covered a portion of member benefit payments. The buy-in arrangement also allows for the possible future conversion into a buy-out arrangement where the insurance company would assume full responsibility for the U.K. pension plan pension obligations, at which time the Company would derecognize the assets and liabilities of the pension plan and realize a settlement gain or loss as a component of the net periodic pension cost. Effective January 1, 2023, we implemented a new defined contribution plan in the Netherlands to provide future retirement benefits for eligible employees and ceased accruals in the existing pension plan in the Netherlands. We recorded this change as a curtailment effective December 31, 2022. The benefits accrued prior to 2023 under the pension plan in the Netherlands remain in a Collective Defined Contribution (CDC) plan. From a Company risk perspective, this plan operates just like a defined contribution plan as the Company is only responsible for a contribution for annual benefit accruals under 5-year agreements through 2022. Although the Company's risk has been mitigated, under U.S. GAAP this plan doesn’t meet the definition of a defined contribution plan and therefore it continues to be accounted for as a defined benefit plan. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 137Xerox 2024 Annual Report 137
Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Retiree Health 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Change in Benefit Obligation: Benefit obligation, January 1 $ 2,389 $ 2,345 $ 4,567 $ 4,240 $ 193 $ 209 Service cost — — 5 5 1 1 Interest cost 88 116 182 188 8 10 Plan participants' contributions — — 1 1 5 7 Actuarial (gain) loss(1) (136) 75 (281) 165 (3) (5) Currency exchange rate changes — — (157) 205 (8) 2 Plan amendment — — 54 36 — (3) Benefits paid/settlements (165) (147) (274) (273) (23) (28) Other — — — — — — Benefit Obligation, December 31 $ 2,176 $ 2,389 $ 4,097 $ 4,567 $ 173 $ 193 Change in Plan Assets: Fair value of plan assets, January 1 $ 1,528 $ 1,518 $ 4,662 $ 4,594 $ — $ — Actual return on plan assets (56) 104 (42) 89 — — Employer contributions 100 53 27 28 18 21 Plan participants' contributions — — 1 1 5 7 Currency exchange rate changes — — (154) 223 — — Benefits paid/settlements (165) (147) (274) (273) (23) (28) Fair Value of Plan Assets, December 31 $ 1,407 $ 1,528 $ 4,220 $ 4,662 $ — $ — Net Funded Status at December 31(2) $ (769) $ (861) $ 123 $ 95 $ (173) $ (193) Amounts Recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets: Other long-term assets $ — $ — $ 421 $ 423 $ — $ — Accrued compensation and benefit costs (22) (24) (18) (20) (19) (22) Pension and other benefit liabilities (747) (837) (280) (308) — — Post-retirement medical benefits — — — — (154) (171) Net Amounts Recognized $ (769) $ (861) $ 123 $ 95 $ (173) $ (193) Accumulated Benefit Obligation $ 2,176 $ 2,389 $ 4,049 $ 4,526 _____________ (1) Changes in actuarial (gains) losses are primarily due to changes in discount rates. (2) Includes under-funded and unfunded plans. Pension and other benefit liabilities include the following additional accounts at December 31st: December 31, 2024 2023 Pension liabilities(1) $ 1,027 $ 1,145 Accrued compensation liabilities 48 56 Deferred compensation liabilities(2) 13 15 Pension and other benefit liabilities $ 1,088 $ 1,216 __________________________ (1) Reflects pension net funded status liability for both U.S. and non-U.S. plans. (2) Includes amounts measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2024 and 2023 of $11 and $13, respectively. Refer to Note 17 - Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities for additional information regarding deferred compensation liabilities. Benefit plans pre-tax amounts recognized in AOCL at December 31st: Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Retiree Health 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Net actuarial loss (gain) $ 700 $ 731 $ 1,405 $ 1,551 $ (63) $ (73) Prior service cost (credit) — — 177 134 (66) (82) Total loss (gain) - Pre-tax $ 700 $ 731 $ 1,582 $ 1,685 $ (129) $ (155) Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 138Xerox 2024 Annual Report 138
Aggregate information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets is presented below. Information for Retiree Health plans with an accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation in excess of plan assets has been disclosed in the preceding table on Benefit obligations and Net funded status as all Retiree Health plans are unfunded. December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Accumulated Benefit Obligation Fair Value of Plan Assets Accumulated Benefit Obligation Fair Value of Plan Assets Underfunded Plans: U.S. $ 1,956 $ 1,407 $ 2,146 $ 1,528 Non-U.S. 13 39 46 40 Unfunded Plans: U.S. $ 220 $ — $ 243 $ — Non-U.S. 286 — 317 — Total Underfunded and Unfunded Plans: U.S. $ 2,176 $ 1,407 $ 2,389 $ 1,528 Non-U.S. 299 39 363 40 Total $ 2,475 $ 1,446 $ 2,752 $ 1,568 Aggregate information for pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets is presented below: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Projected Benefit Obligation Fair Value of Plan Assets Projected Benefit Obligation Fair Value of Plan Assets Underfunded Plans: U.S. $ 1,956 $ 1,407 $ 2,146 $ 1,528 Non-U.S. 45 39 47 40 Unfunded Plans: U.S. $ 220 $ — $ 243 $ — Non-U.S. 292 — 322 — Total Underfunded and Unfunded Plans: U.S. $ 2,176 $ 1,407 $ 2,389 $ 1,528 Non-U.S. 337 39 369 40 Total $ 2,513 $ 1,446 $ 2,758 $ 1,568 Pension plan assets and benefit obligations by country were as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Fair Value of Pension Plan Assets Projected Benefit Obligation Net Funded Status Fair Value of Pension Plan Assets Projected Benefit Obligation Net Funded Status U.S. funded $ 1,407 $ 1,956 $ (549) $ 1,528 $ 2,146 $ (618) U.S. unfunded — 220 (220) — 243 (243) Total U.S. 1,407 2,176 (769) 1,528 2,389 (861) U.K. 2,528 2,310 218 2,892 2,655 237 Netherlands 808 732 76 839 769 70 Canada 535 503 32 586 562 24 Germany — 220 (220) — 248 (248) Other 349 332 17 345 333 12 Total $ 5,627 $ 6,273 $ (646) $ 6,190 $ 6,956 $ (766) Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 139Xerox 2024 Annual Report 139
The components of Net periodic benefit cost and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations were as follows: Year Ended December 31, Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Retiree Health 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2022 Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs: Service cost $ — $ — $ 1 $ 5 $ 5 $ 16 $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 Interest cost (income)(1) 88 116 (65) 182 188 123 8 10 8 Expected return on plan assets(2) (71) (103) 71 (193) (217) (226) — — — Recognized net actuarial loss (gain) 18 16 13 62 11 23 (12) (12) (4) Amortization of prior service cost (credit) — — — 8 5 1 (15) (15) (8) Recognized settlement loss 5 19 56 — 1 — — — — Recognized curtailment gain — — — — — (4) — — — Defined Benefit Plans 40 48 76 64 (7) (67) (18) (16) (3) Defined contribution plans 17 19 20 23 21 17 n/a n/a n/a Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) $ 57 $ 67 $ 96 $ 87 $ 14 $ (50) $ (18) $ (16) $ (3) Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss: Net actuarial (gain) loss $ (8) $ 74 $ 16 $ (44) $ 298 $ 368 $ (3) $ (5) $ (57) Prior service cost (credit) — — — 52 36 72 — (3) (26) Amortization of net actuarial (loss) gain (23) (35) (69) (62) (12) (23) 12 12 4 Amortization of net prior service (cost) credit — — (8) (5) (1) 15 15 15 Curtailment gain — — — — — 4 — — — Total Recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss(3) $ (31) $ 39 $ (53) $ (62) $ 317 $ 420 $ 24 $ 19 $ (64) Total Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive Loss $ 26 $ 106 $ 43 $ 25 $ 331 $ 370 $ 6 $ 3 $ (67) _____________ (1) Interest cost for Pension Benefits includes interest expense on non-TRA obligations of $279, $284 and $205 and interest (income)/expense directly allocated to TRA participant accounts of $(9), $20 and $(147) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (2) Expected return on plan assets includes expected investment income on non-TRA assets of $273, $300 and $302 and actual investment (loss)/income on TRA assets of $(9), $20 and $(147) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (3) Amounts represent the pre-tax effect included in Other comprehensive loss. Refer to Note 24 - Other Comprehensive Loss for the related tax effects and the net of tax amounts. Plan Amendments Pension: Netherlands In January 2024, the pension board of our Netherlands pension plan transferred the plan’s assets and projected benefit obligation (PBO) to a single client section in a general pension fund. In addition to this transfer, the indexation target was increased from 75% of price inflation to 100% of price inflation. This plan amendment increasing the indexation target resulted in an increase of approximately $48 (approximately EUR 44 million) in the PBO for this Collective Defined Contribution (CDC) plan, approximately 6% of the plan PBO as of December 31, 2023. From a Company risk perspective, this CDC plan operates just like a frozen defined contribution plan. Although the Company's risk has been mitigated, under U.S. GAAP this CDC plan does not meet the definition of a defined contribution plan and therefore continues to be accounted for as a defined benefit plan. United Kingdom In April 2024, 2023 and 2022, our U.K. defined benefit pension plan was amended, at the sole discretion of the Plan Trustees as legally allowed, to increase the capped inflation indexation for the April 2024, 2023 and 2022 pension increase award to 5%, 6.5% and 7.5%, respectively. The April 2024 plan amendment resulted in an increase of $6 in the projected benefit obligation (PBO) for this plan, the April 2023 plan amendment resulted in an increase of $36 in the projected benefit obligation (PBO) for this plan, and the April 2022 plan amendment resulted in an increase of Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 140Xerox 2024 Annual Report 140
approximately $72 in the PBO for this plan, with all amounts inclusive of other remeasurement adjustments for changes in actuarial assumptions. In October 2018, the High Court of Justice in the United Kingdom (the High Court) ruled that Lloyds Bank PLC was required to equalize benefits payable to men and women under its U.K. defined benefit pension plans by amending those plans to increase the pension benefits payable to participants that accrued such benefits during the period from 1990 to 1997. The inequalities arose from statutory differences in the retirement ages and rates of accrual of benefits for men and women related to Guaranteed Minimum Pension (GMP) benefits that are included in U.K. defined benefit pension plans. At December 31, 2024, the aggregate cost for this matter was estimated to be approximately GBP 15 million (approximately USD $19). This latest estimate is consistent with the prior year, adjusted for market conditions at December 31, 2024. The equalization method was agreed between the Company and Trustee and is in the process of being implemented. Retiree Health Plans: During 2022, we amended our U.S. Retiree Health Plan to reduce benefits and eliminate coverage for existing union retirees and for certain union employees as a result of contract negotiations. These negative plan amendments resulted in a reduction of approximately $30 in the Company's postretirement benefit obligation. Plan Assets Current Allocation As of the 2024 and 2023 measurement dates, the global pension plan assets were $5,627 and $6,190, respectively. These assets were invested among several asset classes. The following tables present the defined benefit plans assets measured at fair value and the basis for that measurement. December 31, 2024 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV(1) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV(1) Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 1 $ 246 $ — $ — $ — $ 246 Equity Securities: U.S. 72 — — — 72 15 19 — — 34 International 72 — — 125 197 314 — — 18 332 Fixed Income Securities: U.S. treasury securities — 67 — — 67 — 2 — — 2 Debt security issued by government agency — 139 — — 139 — 670 — — 670 Corporate bonds — 599 — — 599 — 236 — — 236 Derivatives — (30) — — (30) — 13 — — 13 Real estate — — 24 11 35 — — 87 31 118 Private equity/venture capital — — — 167 167 — — — 258 258 Guaranteed insurance contracts — — — — — — — 2,184 — 2,184 Other(2)(3)(4) (3) — — 163 160 51 12 — 64 127 Total Fair Value of Plan Assets $ 142 $ 775 $ 24 $ 466 $ 1,407 $ 626 $ 952 $ 2,271 $ 371 $ 4,220 _____________ (1) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (2) Other Level 1 includes net non-financial (liabilities)/assets, such as due to/from broker, interest receivables and accrued expenses. The U.S. Plans had net liabilities of $(3), while the non-U.S. plans had net assets of $51. (3) Other NAV for U.S. Plans (measured at NAV) includes mutual funds of $116, which are invested approximately 70% in fixed income securities and approximately 30% in equity securities. (4) Other NAV for the non-U.S. Plans (measured at NAV) includes mortgage funds of $64 in our Netherlands plans. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 141Xerox 2024 Annual Report 141
December 31, 2023 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV(1) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV(1) Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 1 $ 452 $ — $ — $ — $ 452 Equity Securities: U.S. 48 — — — 48 13 20 — — 33 International 87 — — 127 214 315 — — 27 342 Fixed Income Securities: U.S. treasury securities — 74 — — 74 — 2 — — 2 Debt security issued by government agency — 134 — — 134 — 546 — — 546 Corporate bonds — 660 — — 660 — 197 — — 197 Derivatives — 57 — — 57 — 90 — — 90 Real estate — — 47 12 59 — — 106 70 176 Private equity/venture capital — — — 157 157 — — 4 311 315 Guaranteed insurance contracts — — — — — — — 2,481 — 2,481 Other(2)(3) (18) — — 142 124 24 4 — — 28 Total Fair Value of Plan Assets $ 118 $ 925 $ 47 $ 438 $ 1,528 $ 804 $ 859 $ 2,591 $ 408 $ 4,662 _____________ (1) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (2) Other Level 1 includes net non-financial (liabilities)/assets, such as due to/from broker, interest receivables and accrued expenses. The U.S. Plans had net liabilities of $(18), while the non-U.S. plans had net assets of $24. (3) Other NAV includes mutual funds of $92 (measured at NAV) which are invested approximately 70% in fixed income securities and approximately 30% in equity securities. The following tables represents a rollforward of the defined benefit plans assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 assets): U.S. Non-U.S. Real Estate Real Estate Private Equity/ Venture Capital Guaranteed Insurance Contracts Total Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 57 $ 144 $ 4 $ 483 $ 631 Purchases — — — 1,951 1,951 Sales (13) (16) — (3) (19) Unrealized gains (losses) 3 (31) — (9) (40) Currency translation — 9 — 59 68 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 47 $ 106 $ 4 $ 2,481 $ 2,591 Purchases — — — 1 1 Sales (22) — — (3) (3) Unrealized losses (1) (12) (4) (253) (269) Currency translation — (7) — (42) (49) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 24 $ 87 $ — $ 2,184 $ 2,271 Level 3 Valuation Method Our primary Level 3 assets are Real Estate, Private Equity/Venture Capital investments, and Guaranteed Insurance Contracts. The fair value of our real estate investment funds is based on the Net Asset Value (NAV) of our ownership interest in the funds. NAV information is received from the investment advisers and is primarily derived from third-party real estate appraisals for the properties owned. The fair value for our private equity/venture capital partnership investments are based on our share of the estimated fair values of the underlying investments held by these partnerships as reported (or expected to be reported) in their audited financial statements. 2022 and 2023 purchases of Guaranteed Insurance Contracts (GICs) include the purchases of buy-in annuity contracts, which have been valued based on the member benefits covered by the contracts adjusted for current market factors. The valuation techniques and inputs for our Level 3 assets have been consistently applied for all periods presented. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 142Xerox 2024 Annual Report 142
Investment Strategy The target asset allocations for our worldwide defined benefit pension plans were: 2024 2023 U.S. Non-U.S.(2) U.S. Non-U.S. Equity investments(1) 27% 9% 24% 8% Fixed income investments 60% 22% 60% 16% Real estate 4% 3% 6% 4% Private equity/venture capital 7% 7% 8% 8% Other(1) 2% 59% 2% 64% Total Investment Strategy 100% 100% 100% 100% _____________ (1) Target allows for an additional allocation to synthetic equity which is offset by cash, which resulted in a negative cash position in Other. (2) Significant changes in asset allocation in non-U.S. are due to the U.K. pension plan entering an insurance buy-in contract, which is included in Other. We employ a total return investment approach whereby a mix of equities and fixed income investments are used to maximize the long-term return of plan assets for a prudent level of risk. The intent of this strategy is to minimize plan expenses by exceeding the interest growth in long-term plan liabilities. Risk tolerance is established through careful consideration of plan liabilities, plan funded status and corporate financial condition. This consideration involves the use of long-term measures that address both return and risk. The investment portfolio contains a diversified blend of equity and fixed income investments. Furthermore, equity investments are diversified across U.S. and non-U.S. stocks, as well as growth, value and small and large capitalizations. Other assets such as real estate, private equity, and hedge funds are used to improve portfolio diversification. Derivatives may be used to hedge market exposure in an efficient, timely and cost-effective manner; however, derivatives may not be used to speculate or leverage the portfolio beyond the market value of the underlying investments. Investment risks and returns are measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through annual liability measurements and quarterly investment portfolio reviews. Expected Long-term Rate of Return We employ a “building block” approach in determining the long-term rate of return for plan assets. Historical markets are studied and long-term relationships between equities and fixed income are assessed. Current market factors such as inflation and interest rates are evaluated before long-term capital market assumptions are determined. The long-term portfolio return is established giving consideration to investment diversification and rebalancing. Peer data and historical returns are reviewed periodically to assess reasonableness and appropriateness. Contributions Disclosure The following table summarizes cash contributions to our defined benefit pension plans and retiree health benefit plans. Year Ended December 31, 2024 Estimated 2025 U.S. Plans $ 100 $ 110 Non-U.S. Plans 27 30 Total Pension Plans $ 127 $ 140 Retiree Health 18 20 Total Retirement Plans $ 145 $ 160 Approximately $77 of the 2024 contributions for our U.S. plans were for our tax-qualified defined benefit plans. Approximately $85 of estimated contributions for 2025 are for our U.S. tax-qualified defined benefit plans. However, once the next actuarial valuations and projected results are available, actual contributions required to meet minimum funding requirements will be determined and finalized and may change from the current estimate. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 143Xerox 2024 Annual Report 143
Estimated Future Benefit Payments The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid during the following years: Pension Benefits U.S. Non-U.S. Total Retiree Health 2025 $ 204 $ 272 $ 476 $ 20 2026 181 278 459 18 2027 184 282 466 16 2028 181 290 471 15 2029 183 297 480 14 Years 2030-2034 949 1,562 2,511 56 Assumptions Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at the plan measurement dates: Pension Benefits 2024 2023 2022 U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S. Discount rate 5.6 % 4.5 % 4.9 % 4.1 % 5.1 % 4.5 % Rate of compensation increase — % 2.3 % — % 2.7 % — % 2.9 % Interest crediting rate 4.6 % 2.5 % 4.5 % 2.5 % 4.5 % 1.5 % Retiree Health 2024 2023 2022 Discount rate 4.9 % 4.7 % 5.0 % Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for years ended December 31: Pension Benefits 2025 2024 2023 2022 U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S. U.S. Non-U.S. Discount rate 5.6 % 4.5 % 4.9 % 4.1 % 5.1 % 4.5 % 2.7 % 1.8 % Expected return on plan assets 7.8 % 4.8 % 8.1 % 4.3 % 8.1 % 4.3 % 5.9 % 3.2 % Rate of compensation increase — % 2.3 % — % 2.7 % — % 2.9 % 0.1 % 2.8 % Interest crediting rate 4.6 % 2.6 % 4.5 % 2.5 % 4.5 % 2.1 % 2.5 % 1.5 % Retiree Health 2025 2024 2023 2022 Discount rate 4.9 % 4.7 % 5.0 % 2.7 % _____________ Note: Expected return on plan assets is not applicable to retiree health benefits as these plans are not funded. Rate of compensation increase is not applicable to retiree health benefits as compensation levels do not impact earned benefits. Assumed health care cost trend rates were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year 6.0 % 6.3 % Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) 4.2 % 4.2 % Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 2028 2028 Defined Contribution Plans We have post-retirement savings and investment plans in several countries, including the U.S., the U.K. and Canada. In many instances, employees who participated in the defined benefit pension plans that have been amended to freeze future service accruals were transitioned to an enhanced defined contribution plan. In these plans, employees are allowed to contribute a portion of their salaries and bonuses to the plans, and we match a portion of the employee contributions. We recorded charges related to our defined contribution plans of $40 in 2024, $40 in 2023 and $37 in 2022. During 2021, the Company suspended its full year employer matching contribution for its U.S. based 401(k) plan for salaried (non-union) employees. The employer matching contribution was reinstated for 2022 and was made in the first quarter of 2023. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 144Xerox 2024 Annual Report 144
Note 19 - Income and Other Taxes Loss before income taxes was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Domestic loss $ (877) $ (89) $ (319) Foreign (loss) income (339) 61 (6) Loss before Income taxes $ (1,216) $ (28) $ (325) The components of Income tax expense (benefit) were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Federal Income Taxes Current $ (15) $ 21 $ (5) Deferred (44) (65) (16) Foreign Income Taxes Current 34 18 23 Deferred 149 21 (2) State Income Taxes Current (4) — 6 Deferred (15) (24) (9) Income tax expense (benefit) $ 105 $ (29) $ (3) A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the consolidated effective income tax rate was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 U.S. federal statutory income tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % Nondeductible expenses (0.8) % (32.2) % (3.6) % Effect of tax law changes — % — % 0.1 % Change in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets (16.0) % 15.6 % (2.2) % State taxes, net of federal benefit 1.0 % (21.9) % 0.3 % Audit and other tax return adjustments 0.6 % 83.0 % (1.6) % Tax-exempt income, credits and incentives 1.1 % 59.0 % 8.7 % Foreign rate differential adjusted for U.S. taxation of foreign profits(1) (0.5) % (32.3) % (0.1) % Stock-based compensation (0.2) % (13.0) % (0.6) % Goodwill impairment (15.3) % — % (22.0) % Divestitures 0.2 % 25.3 % — % Other 0.3 % (0.9) % 0.9 % Effective income tax rate (8.6) % 103.6 % 0.9 % _____________ (1) The “U.S. taxation of foreign profits” represents the U.S. tax, net of foreign tax credits, associated with actual and deemed repatriations of earnings from our non-U.S. subsidiaries. On a consolidated basis, we paid a total of $65, $51 and $50 in income taxes to federal, foreign and state jurisdictions during the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Income taxes were allocated to the following items: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income tax expense (benefit) on Loss before income taxes $ 105 $ (29) $ (3) Income tax (expense) benefit Common shareholders' equity: Changes in defined benefit plans (10) 93 70 Cash flow hedges (1) 1 (1) Translation adjustments (8) — — Additional paid-in capital 6 — — Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 145Xerox 2024 Annual Report 145
Unrecognized Tax Benefits and Audit Resolutions We recognize tax liabilities when, despite our belief that our tax return positions are supportable, we believe that certain positions may not be fully sustained upon review by tax authorities. Each period, we assess uncertain tax positions for recognition, measurement and effective settlement. Benefits from uncertain tax positions are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement - the more- likely-than-not recognition threshold. Where we have determined that our tax return filing position does not satisfy the more likely than not recognition threshold, we have recorded no tax benefit. These assessments require the use of considerable estimates and judgments and can increase or decrease our effective tax rate, as well as impact our operating results. A difference in the ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions from what is currently estimated could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a variety of jurisdictions. We are also subject to ongoing tax examinations in numerous jurisdictions due to the extensive geographical scope of our operations. As a result, we have received, and may in the future receive, proposed tax adjustments and tax assessments in multiple jurisdictions. We regularly assess the likelihood of the outcomes resulting from these ongoing tax examinations as part of our continuing assessment of uncertain tax positions to determine our provision for income taxes. The specific timing of when the resolution of each tax position will be reached is uncertain. As of December 31, 2024, we do not believe that there are any positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: 2024 2023 2022 Balance at January 1 $ 140 $ 110 $ 107 Additions related to current year 1 1 3 Additions related to prior years positions — 57 4 Reductions related to prior years positions — (14) — Settlements with taxing authorities(1) (29) (13) — Reductions related to lapse of statute of limitations (18) (2) (3) Currency 1 1 (1) Balance at December 31 $ 95 $ 140 $ 110 _____________ (1) The majority of settlements did not result in the utilization of cash. Included in the balances at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are $(2), $(31) and $1, respectively, of tax positions that are highly certain of realizability but for which there is uncertainty about the timing or that they may be reduced through an indirect benefit from other taxing jurisdictions. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than for the possible incurrence of interest and penalties, the disallowance of these positions would not affect the annual effective tax rate. Within income tax expense, we recognize interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits, as well as interest received from favorable settlements. We had $0, $(2) and $(1) accrued for the payment of interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In the U.S., we are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for years before 2017. With respect to our major foreign jurisdictions, we are no longer subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2017. Deferred Income Taxes At December 31, 2024 we have not provided deferred taxes on our undistributed pre-1987 E&P of approximately $292, as such undistributed earnings have been determined to be indefinitely reinvested and we currently do not plan to initiate any action that would precipitate a deferred tax impact. The net change from the amount at December 31, 2023 of $310 was predominately due to currency impacts as well as the disposition of certain foreign subsidiaries. Additionally, we have also not provided deferred taxes on the outside basis differences in our investments in foreign subsidiaries that are unrelated to undistributed earnings. These basis differences are also indefinitely reinvested. A determination of the unrecognized deferred taxes related to these components is not practicable. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 146Xerox 2024 Annual Report 146
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred taxes were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred Tax Assets Research and development $ 227 $ 225 Post-retirement medical benefits 43 50 Net operating losses 322 384 Operating reserves, accruals and deferrals 232 215 Tax credit carryforwards 80 106 Deferred and share-based compensation 22 40 Pension 122 147 Finance lease and installment sales 64 — Operating lease liabilities 33 43 Other 68 57 Subtotal 1,213 1,267 Valuation allowance (511) (375) Total $ 702 $ 892 Deferred Tax Liabilities Finance lease and installment sales $ — $ 36 Intangibles and goodwill 84 116 Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries 26 25 Operating lease ROU assets 41 41 Other 21 24 Total $ 172 $ 242 Total Deferred taxes, net $ 530 $ 650 Reconciliation to the Consolidated Balance Sheets Deferred tax assets $ 615 $ 745 Deferred tax liabilities(1) (85) (95) Total Deferred taxes, net $ 530 $ 650 _____________ (1) Represents the deferred tax liabilities recorded in Other long-term liabilities - refer to Note 14 - Supplementary Financial Information. We record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the amounts reported, as well as net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are assessed for realizability and, where applicable, a valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the total deferred tax asset to an amount that will, more-likely-than-not, be realized in the future. We apply judgment in assessing the realizability of these deferred tax assets and the need for any valuation allowances. In determining the amount of deferred tax assets that are more-likely-than-not to be realized, we considered historical profitability, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and tax planning strategies. The deferred tax assets requiring significant judgment are U.S. tax credit carryforwards with a limited life. The net change in the total valuation allowance for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was an increase of $136, $9 and $9, respectively. The valuation allowance relates primarily to certain net operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards and deductible temporary differences for which we have concluded it is more-likely-than-not that these items will not be realized in the ordinary course of operations. Although realization is not assured, we have concluded that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets, for which a valuation allowance was determined to be unnecessary, will be realized in the ordinary course of operations based on the available positive and negative evidence, including scheduling of deferred tax liabilities and projected income from operating activities. The amount of the net deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could change in the near term if future income or income tax rates are higher or lower than currently estimated, or if there are differences in the timing or amount of future reversals of existing taxable or deductible temporary differences. At December 31, 2024, we had tax credit carryforwards of $80 available to offset future income taxes, of which $1 is available to carryforward indefinitely while the majority of the remaining $79 will begin to expire in 2025 and 2026, if not utilized. We also had net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $473 that will begin to expire in 2024 through 2043, if not utilized, and $1.4 billion available to offset future taxable income indefinitely. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 147 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 147
Note 20 – Contingencies and Litigation We are involved in a variety of claims, lawsuits, investigations and proceedings concerning: securities law; governmental entity contracting, servicing and procurement law; intellectual property law; environmental law; employment law; the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA); and other laws and regulations. We determine whether an estimated loss from a contingency should be accrued by assessing whether a loss is deemed probable and can be reasonably estimated. We assess our potential liability by analyzing our litigation and regulatory matters using available information. We develop our views on estimated losses in consultation with outside counsel handling our defense in these matters, which involves an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. Should developments in any of these matters cause a change in our determination as to an unfavorable outcome and result in the need to recognize a material accrual, or should any of these matters result in a final adverse judgment or be settled for significant amounts, they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position in the period or periods in which such change in determination, judgment or settlement occurs. Additionally, guarantees, indemnifications and claims may arise during the ordinary course of business from relationships with suppliers, customers and nonconsolidated affiliates, as well as through divestitures and sales of businesses, when the Company undertakes an obligation to guarantee the performance of others if specified triggering events occur. Nonperformance under a contract could trigger an obligation of the Company. These potential claims include actions based upon alleged exposures to products, real estate, intellectual property such as patents, environmental matters, and other indemnifications. The ultimate effect on future financial results is not subject to reasonable estimation because considerable uncertainty exists as to the final outcome of these claims. However, while the ultimate liabilities resulting from such claims may be significant to results of operations in the period recognized, management does not anticipate they will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or liquidity. As of December 31, 2024, we have accrued our estimate of liability incurred under our indemnification arrangements and guarantees. Brazil Contingencies Our Brazilian operations have received or been the subject of numerous governmental assessments related to indirect and other taxes. These tax matters principally relate to claims for taxes on the internal transfer of inventory, municipal service taxes on rentals and gross revenue taxes. We are disputing these tax matters and intend to vigorously defend our positions. Based on the opinion of legal counsel and current reserves for those matters deemed probable of loss, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will materially impact our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Below is a summary of our Brazilian tax contingencies: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Tax contingency - unreserved $ 305 $ 375 Escrow cash deposits 18 24 Surety bonds 88 104 Letters of credit 10 22 Liens on Brazilian assets — — The decrease in the unreserved portion of the tax contingency, inclusive of any related interest, was primarily related to currency, partially offset by interest. With respect to the unreserved tax contingency, the majority has been assessed by management as being remote as to the likelihood of ultimately resulting in a loss to the Company. In connection with the above proceedings, customary local regulations may require us to make escrow cash deposits or post other security of up to half of the total amount in dispute, as well as additional surety bonds and letters of credit, which include associated indexation. Generally, any escrowed amounts would be refundable and any liens on assets would be removed to the extent the matters are resolved in our favor. We are also involved in certain disputes with contract and former employees. Exposures related to labor matters are not material to the financial statements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. We routinely assess all these matters as to probability of ultimately incurring a liability against our Brazilian operations and record our best estimate of the ultimate loss in situations where we assess the likelihood of an ultimate loss as probable. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 148Xerox 2024 Annual Report 148
Litigation Matters Miami Firefighters’ Relief & Pension Fund v. Icahn, et al.: On December 13, 2019, shareholder Miami Firefighters’ Relief & Pension Fund (Miami Firefighters) filed a derivative complaint in New York State Supreme Court, New York County on behalf of Xerox Holdings Corporation (Xerox Holdings) against Carl Icahn and his affiliated entities High River Limited Partnership and Icahn Capital LP (the Icahn defendants), Xerox Holdings, and all then-current Xerox Holdings directors (the Directors). Xerox Holdings was named as a nominal defendant in the case but no monetary damages are sought against it. Miami Firefighters alleges: breach of fiduciary duty of loyalty against the Icahn defendants; breach of contract against the Icahn defendants (for purchasing HP stock in violation of Icahn’s confidentiality agreement with Xerox Holdings); unjust enrichment against the Icahn defendants; and breach of fiduciary duty of loyalty against the Directors (for any consent to the Icahn defendants’ purchases of HP common stock while Xerox Holdings was considering acquiring HP). Miami Firefighters seeks a judgment of breach of fiduciary duties against the Icahn defendants and the Directors, and disgorgement to Xerox Holdings of profits Icahn Capital and High River earned from trading in HP stock. This action was consolidated with a similar action brought by Steven J. Reynolds against the same parties in the same court. Miami Firefighters’ counsel has been designated as lead counsel in the consolidated action. Claims asserted against the Directors were later dismissed. The parties have reached a stipulation of settlement providing for certain governance changes and a payment by the Icahn defendants to Xerox. This stipulation has been submitted to the Supreme Court of the State of New York for approval, and Miami Firefighters has submitted a contested fee application seeking $5 that is under consideration by that court as well. Guarantees, Indemnifications and Warranty Liabilities Indemnifications Provided as Part of Contracts and Agreements Acquisitions/Divestitures: We have indemnified, subject to certain deductibles and limits, the purchasers of businesses or divested assets for the occurrence of specified events under certain of our divestiture agreements. In addition, we customarily agree to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations and covenants, including such matters as adequate title to assets sold, intellectual property rights, specified environmental matters and certain income taxes arising prior to the date of acquisition. Where appropriate, an obligation for such indemnifications is recorded as a liability at the time of the acquisition or divestiture. Since the obligated amounts of these types of indemnifications are often not explicitly stated and/or are contingent on the occurrence of future events, the overall maximum amount of the obligation under such indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated. Other than obligations recorded as liabilities at the time of divestiture, we have not historically made significant payments for these indemnifications. Additionally, under certain of our acquisition agreements, we have provided for additional consideration to be paid to the sellers if established financial targets are achieved post-closing. We have recognized liabilities for these contingent obligations based on an estimate of the fair value of these contingencies at the time of acquisition. Contingent obligations related to indemnifications arising from our divestitures and contingent consideration provided for by our acquisitions are not expected to be material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Other Agreements: We are also party to the following types of agreements pursuant to which we may be obligated to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters: • Guarantees on behalf of our subsidiaries with respect to real estate leases. These lease guarantees may remain in effect subsequent to the sale of the subsidiary. • Agreements to indemnify various service providers, trustees and bank agents from any third-party claims related to their performance on our behalf, with the exception of claims that result from a third-party's own willful misconduct or gross negligence. • Guarantees of our performance in certain sales and services contracts to our customers and indirectly the performance of third parties with whom we have subcontracted for their services. This includes indemnifications to customers for losses that may be sustained as a result of the use of our equipment at a customer's location. In each of these circumstances, our payment is conditioned on the other party making a claim pursuant to the procedures specified in the particular contract and such procedures also typically allow us to challenge the other party's claims. In the case of lease guarantees, we may contest the liabilities asserted under the lease. Further, our Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 149Xerox 2024 Annual Report 149
obligations under these agreements and guarantees may be limited in terms of time and/or amount, and in some instances, we may have recourse against third parties for certain payments we made. Patent Indemnifications In most sales transactions to resellers of our products, we indemnify against possible claims of patent infringement caused by our products or solutions. In addition, we indemnify certain software providers against claims that may arise as a result of our use or our subsidiaries', customers' or resellers' use of their software in our products and solutions. These indemnities usually do not include limits on the claims, provided the claim is made pursuant to the procedures required in the sales contract. Indemnification of Officers and Directors The corporate by-laws of Xerox Holdings Corporation and Xerox Corporation require that, except to the extent expressly prohibited by law, we must indemnify Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's officers and directors, respectively, against judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement, including legal fees and all appeals, incurred in connection with civil or criminal action or proceedings, as it relates to their services to Xerox Holdings Corporation and/or Xerox Corporation and their subsidiaries. Although the by-laws provide no limit on the amount of indemnification, Xerox Holdings Corporation or Xerox Corporation may have recourse against our insurance carriers for certain payments made by Xerox Holdings Corporation or Xerox Corporation. However, certain indemnification payments (such as those related to "clawback" provisions in certain compensation arrangements) may not be covered under Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's directors' and officers' insurance coverage. Xerox Holdings Corporation and Xerox Corporation also indemnify certain fiduciaries of our employee benefit plans for liabilities incurred in their service as fiduciary whether or not they are officers of Xerox Holdings Corporation or Xerox Corporation. Finally, in connection with Xerox Holdings Corporation's and/or Xerox Corporation's acquisition of businesses, we may become contractually obligated to indemnify certain former and current directors, officers and employees of those businesses in accordance with pre-acquisition by-laws and/or indemnification agreements and/or applicable state law. Guarantees We have issued or provided approximately $213 of guarantees as of December 31, 2024 in the form of letters of credit or surety bonds issued to i) support certain insurance programs; ii) support our obligations related to the Brazil tax and labor contingencies (see Brazil Contingencies); iii) support our obligations related to our U.K. pension plans; and iv) support certain contracts, primarily with public sector customers, which require us to provide a surety bond as a guarantee of our performance of contractual obligations. In general, we would only be liable for the amount of these guarantees in the event we, or one of our direct or indirect subsidiaries whose obligations we have guaranteed, defaulted in performing our obligations under each contract; the probability of which we believe is remote. We believe that our capacity in the surety markets as well as under various credit arrangements (including our Credit Facility) is sufficient to allow us to respond to future requests for proposals that require such credit support. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 150Xerox 2024 Annual Report 150
Note 21 - Preferred Stock Series A Convertible Perpetual Voting Preferred Stock As of December 31, 2024, Xerox Holdings Corporation had one class of preferred stock outstanding. Xerox Holdings Corporation has issued 180,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock that have an aggregate liquidation value of $180 and a carrying value of $214. The Series A Preferred Stock pays quarterly cash dividends at a rate of 8% per year ($14 per year), on a cumulative basis. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into 37.4532 shares of common stock of Xerox Holdings Corporation for a total of 6,742 thousand shares (reflecting an initial conversion price of approximately $26.70 per share of common stock), subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. At December 31, 2024, 6,742 thousand shares of Common Stock were reserved for conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. If the closing price of Xerox Holdings Corporation common stock exceeds $39.00 or 146.1% of the initial conversion price of $26.70 per share of common stock for 20 out of 30 consecutive trading days, Xerox Holdings Corporation will have the right to cause any or all of the Series A Preferred Stock to be converted into shares of common stock at the then applicable conversion rate. The Series A Preferred Stock is also convertible, at the option of the holder, upon a change in control, at the applicable conversion rate plus an additional number of shares determined by reference to the price paid for our common stock upon such change in control. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain fundamental change events, including a change in control or the delisting of Xerox Holdings Corporation's common stock, the holder of the Series A Preferred Stock has the right to require Xerox Holdings Corporation to redeem any or all of the preferred stock in cash at a redemption price per share equal to the liquidation preference and any accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but not including, the redemption date. The Series A Preferred Stock is classified as temporary equity (i.e., apart from permanent equity) as a result of the contingent redemption feature. Series A Preferred Stock Voting Rights The Xerox Holdings Corporation Series A Preferred Stock votes together with the Xerox Holdings Corporation common stock, as a single class, on all matters submitted to the shareholders of Xerox Holdings Corporation, but the Xerox Holdings Corporation Series A Voting Preferred Stock is only entitled to one vote for every ten shares of Xerox Holdings Corporation common stock into which the Xerox Holdings Corporation Series A Preferred Stock is convertible (674,157 votes at December 31, 2024). Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 151Xerox 2024 Annual Report 151
Note 22 – Shareholders’ Equity Xerox Holdings Preferred Stock Xerox Holdings Corporation is authorized to issue approximately 22 million shares of cumulative Preferred stock, $1.00 par value per share. Refer to Note 21 - Preferred Stock for additional information. Common Stock Xerox Holdings Corporation is authorized to issue 437.5 million shares of Common stock, $1.00 par value per share. At December 31, 2024, 18 million shares were reserved for issuance under our incentive compensation plans and 7 million shares were reserved for conversion of the Series A Convertible Perpetual Preferred Voting Stock. Treasury Stock Xerox Holdings Corporation accounts for the repurchased Common stock under the cost method and includes such Treasury stock as a component of our Common shareholders' equity. Retirement of Treasury stock is recorded as a reduction of Common stock and Additional paid-in capital at the time such retirement is approved by our Board of Directors. Icahn Share Repurchase On September 28, 2023, Xerox Holdings Corporation entered into a share purchase agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Carl C. Icahn and certain of his affiliates (Icahn Parties) pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase an aggregate of approximately 34 million shares of the Company’s Common Stock, at a price of $15.84 per share, the closing price on September 27, 2023, the last full trading day prior to the execution of the Purchase Agreement, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $542. The purchase was completed and settled on September 28, 2023 and was funded by a $555 Credit Agreement with Jefferies Finance LLC (Jefferies Finance), as the Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and Lender. This loan was subsequently repaid in November 2023 with the proceeds from a Term Loan B Credit Facility (Refer to Note 15 – Debt for additional information regarding the Term Loan B Credit Facility). Aggregate fees associated with the share repurchase were approximately $11 and include the 1% excise tax on net share repurchases as required by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. The costs incurred are included as part of the cost of Treasury Stock. The following table reflects the changes in Common and Treasury stock shares (shares in thousands). The Treasury stock repurchases in the table below include the repurchases under the current Xerox Holdings Corporation authorized share repurchase program. Common Stock Shares Treasury Stock Shares Balance at December 31, 2021 168,069 8,675 Stock based compensation plans, net 1,561 — Acquisition of Treasury stock — 5,174 Cancellation of Treasury stock (13,849) (13,849) Balance at December 31, 2022 155,781 — Stock based compensation plans, net 1,608 — Acquisition of Treasury stock — 34,245 Cancellation of Treasury stock (34,245) (34,245) Balance at December 31, 2023 123,144 — Stock based compensation plans, net 1,291 — Balance at December 31, 2024 124,435 — Xerox At December 31, 2024, Xerox Corporation has 1,000 authorized shares of Common stock, $1.00 par value per share, of which 100 shares are issued and outstanding and held by Xerox Holdings Corporation. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 152Xerox 2024 Annual Report 152
Note 23 – Stock-Based Compensation (shares in thousands, unless otherwise noted) We have a long-term incentive plan whereby eligible employees may be granted restricted stock units (RSUs), performance share units (PSUs) and stock options (SOs). We grant stock-based compensation awards in order to continue to attract and retain qualified employees and to better align employees' interests with those of our shareholders. Each of these awards is subject to settlement with newly issued shares of Xerox Holdings Corporation's common stock. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, 5 million and 6 million shares, respectively, were available for grant of awards. Stock-based compensation expense was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Stock-based compensation expense, pre-tax(1) $ 52 $ 54 $ 75 Income tax benefit recognized in earnings 8 10 11 ____________ (1) 2022 includes $21 associated with the accelerated vesting of all outstanding equity awards, according to the terms of the award agreement, in connection with the passing of Xerox Holding's former CEO. Restricted Stock Units Compensation expense for RSUs is based upon the grant-date market price and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on management's estimate of the number of shares expected to vest. RSUs granted in 2022 through 2024 vest on a graded schedule as follows: 33% after one year of service, 33% after two years of service, and 34% after three years of service from the date of grant. Performance Share Units PSU awards are comprised of performance-based components (Operating income improvement and Earnings per share) as well as market-based components (Relative Total Shareholder Return (RTSR) and Absolute Share Price). PSUs granted in 2024 are entirely performance-based with an RTSR modifier - see Market-Based Component below. PSUs granted in 2023 are entirely market-based, and PSUs granted in 2022 are one-half performance- based and one-half market-based. The metrics and weightings are as follows: Award Year (Metric Weighting) Performance Metric 2024 2023 2022 Operating income improvement(1) 100 % — % — % Earnings per share — % — % 50 % Relative total shareholder return — % 100 % — % Absolute share price — % — % 50 % 100 % 100 % 100 % ____________ (1) PSUs granted in 2024 are performance-based (Operating income improvement metric) with an RTSR modifier which can increase or decrease the number of shares that ultimately vest by 25%. The measures are independent of each other and depending on the achievement of these metrics, a recipient of a PSU award is entitled to receive a number of shares equal to a percentage, ranging from 0% to 200% of the PSU award granted. All PSUs granted have a three-year cliff vesting from the date of grant. Performance-Based Component: This PSU component vests contingent upon meeting predetermined annual and/or cumulative performance metrics. The 2024 PSU metric vests contingent upon meeting predetermined, annual as well as cumulative Operating income improvement goals established for four discrete performance periods (2024, 2025 and 2026) weighted 20%, respectively, and a three-year cumulative goal (2024-2026) weighted 40%. The 2022 PSU metric, Earnings per share, vests contingent upon meeting a three-year cumulative goal (2022-2024). The fair value of this PSU component is based upon the grant-date market price for the underlying stock. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over a three-year vesting period, based on management's estimate of the number of shares expected to vest and based on meeting the performance metrics. If actual results exceed the stated targets, all plan participants have the potential to earn additional shares of common stock up to a maximum over-achievement of 100% of the original grant. If the stated targets are not met, any recognized compensation cost would be reversed. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 153Xerox 2024 Annual Report 153
Market-Based Component: The RTSR metric, included as part of the 2024 PSU, is based on Xerox Holdings Corporation's stock price appreciation, inclusive of dividends paid, measured over three equally weighted performance periods (2024, 2024-2025, and 2024-2026). RTSR will be determined by ranking Xerox Holdings Corporation and the companies within the S&P 600 Information Technology Index, as approved by the Compensation and Human Capital Committee of the Board, from highest to lowest according to their respective TSRs, for each of the three performance periods. Payout for this portion of the 2024 PSU will be determined based on the average RTSR of the three measurement periods, and based on these results, the RTSR modifier can increase or decrease the number of shares that ultimately vest by 25%. Final payout will be determined based on the cumulative results of the four individually weighted measurement periods of Xerox’s Operating income improvement metric, and depending on the RTSR performance, a potential increase or decrease of 25%, with a maximum over-achievement of 100% of the original grant. The RTSR metric, included as part of the 2023 PSU, is based on Xerox Holdings Corporation's stock price appreciation, inclusive of dividends paid, measured over three equally weighted performance periods (2023, 2023-2024, and 2023-2025). RTSR will be determined by ranking Xerox Holdings Corporation and the companies within two distinct market indices, as approved by the Compensation and Human Capital Committee of the Board, from highest to lowest according to their respective TSRs, for each of the three performance periods. Payout for the 2023 PSU will be determined based on the weighted average of Xerox Holdings Corporation's payout for each of the three performance periods. The Absolute Share Price metric, included as the market-based component of the 2022 PSU grant, is based on Xerox Holdings Corporation's average closing price for the last 20 trading days of the three-year performance period, inclusive of dividends during that period. Payout for these portions of the PSU metrics will be determined based on total return targets. Since these metrics represent market conditions, Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine their respective grant-date fair values. A summary of Xerox Holding's key valuation input assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation relative to awards granted were as follows: 2024 Award 2023 Award 2022 Award Term 3 years 3 years 3 years Risk-free interest rate(1) 4.20 % 3.80 % 1.09 % Volatility(2) 42.88 % 52.21 % 42.07 % Weighted average fair value(3) $ 18.29 $ 23.00 $ 27.89 ____________ (1) The risk-free interest rate was based on the zero-coupon U.S. Treasury yield curve on the valuation date, with a maturity matched to the performance period. (2) Volatility is derived from historical stock prices as well as implied volatility when appropriate and available. (3) The weighted average of fair values used to record compensation expense as determined by the Monte Carlo simulation. Our RTSR and Absolute Share Price metrics are compared against total return targets to determine the payout as follows: 2024 2023 2022 Payout Percentage Percentile Ranking Return Targets(1) Percentile Ranking Return Targets(1) Total Return Targets(1) 200% n/a 75th and above $30.00 and above 100% n/a 50th $ 25.00 50% n/a 25th $ 20.00 25% 75th and above n/a n/a 0% 50th Below 25th Below $20.00 (25)% 25th and below n/a n/a ____________ (1) For performance between the levels described above, the degree of vesting is interpolated on a linear basis. Compensation expense for the market-based component of the PSU awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the fair value determined by the Monte Carlo simulation and, except in cases of employee forfeiture, cannot be reversed regardless of performance. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 154Xerox 2024 Annual Report 154
Note: With respect to all stock-based compensation programs, Management’s estimate of the number of shares expected to vest at the time of grant reflects an estimate for forfeitures based on our historical forfeiture rate to date. Should actual forfeitures differ from management’s estimate, the activity will be reflected in a subsequent period. In addition, RSUs, PSUs and SOs awarded to employees who are retirement-eligible at the date of grant, become retirement-eligible during the vesting period, or are terminated not-for-cause (e.g., as part of a restructuring initiative), vest based on service provided from the date of grant to the date of separation. Summary of Stock-based Compensation Activity 2024 2023 2022 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Restricted Stock Units Outstanding at January 1 4,672 $ 18.46 3,221 $ 23.16 3,161 $ 25.26 Granted(1) 4,159 14.09 3,382 16.56 2,444 21.75 Vested(2) (2,030) 19.04 (1,593) 23.73 (1,975) 24.56 Forfeited (487) 17.27 (338) 19.27 (409) 24.20 Outstanding at December 31 6,314 15.48 4,672 18.46 3,221 23.16 Performance Shares Outstanding at January 1 2,039 $ 24.18 1,729 $ 28.38 2,818 $ 25.47 Granted 1,243 13.89 940 22.97 977 25.72 Vested (2) — — — — (644) 27.95 Forfeited/Expired (3) (1,216) 17.67 (630) 33.86 (1,422) 20.98 Outstanding at December 31 2,066 21.59 2,039 24.18 1,729 28.38 ____________ (1) 2023 includes approximately 445 RSUs associated with a special retention award. (2) 2022 includes approximately 469 RSUs and 644 PSUs associated with the accelerated vesting of all outstanding equity awards, according to the terms of the award agreement, in connection with the passing of Xerox Holding's former CEO. No other PSUs vested in 2022. (3) 2022 includes approximately 1,125 PSUs granted in 2019 that were adversely affected permanently by the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, and therefore no shares were earned. Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based awards at December 31, 2024 was as follows: Awards Unrecognized Compensation Remaining Weighted-Average Vesting Period (Years) Restricted Stock Units $ 52 1.9 Performance Shares 15 1.8 Stock Options(1) 3 2.0 Total $ 70 ____________ (1) Reflects CareAR SOs granted in May 2022. The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock-based awards was as follows: Awards December 31, 2024 Restricted Stock Units $ 53 Performance Shares 17 The intrinsic value and actual tax benefit realized for all vested and exercised stock-based awards was as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Awards Total Intrinsic Value Tax Benefit Total Intrinsic Value Tax Benefit Total Intrinsic Value Tax Benefit Restricted Stock Units $ 31 $ 4 $ 25 $ 5 $ 39 $ 6 Performance Share Units — — — — 10 — Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 155Xerox 2024 Annual Report 155
Note 24 – Other Comprehensive Loss Other Comprehensive Loss is comprised of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Pre-tax Net of Tax Pre-tax Net of Tax Pre-tax Net of Tax Net Translation Adjustments (Losses) Gains $ (112) $ (120) $ 191 $ 191 $ (376) $ (376) Unrealized (Losses) Gains Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges losses — — (18) (16) (35) (27) Changes in cash flow hedges reclassed to earnings(1) 10 9 18 17 35 26 Other losses — — — — (1) (1) Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) 10 9 — 1 (1) (2) Defined Benefit Plans Gains (Losses) Net actuarial/prior service gains (losses) 3 (3) (400) (300) (373) (284) Prior service amortization/curtailment(2) (7) (3) (10) (8) (18) (14) Actuarial loss amortization/settlement(2) 73 65 35 26 88 66 Other gains (losses)(3) 29 29 (49) (49) 62 61 Changes in Defined Benefit Plans Gains (Losses) 98 88 (424) (331) (241) (171) Other Comprehensive Loss $ (4) $ (23) $ (233) $ (139) $ (618) $ (549) _____________ (1) Reclassified to Cost of sales - refer to Note 16 - Financial Instruments for additional information regarding our cash flow hedges. (2) Reclassified to Total Net Periodic Benefit Cost - refer to Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans for additional information. (3) Primarily represents currency impact on cumulative amount of benefit plan net actuarial losses and prior service credits in AOCL. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (AOCL) AOCL is comprised of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cumulative translation adjustments $ (2,166) $ (2,046) $ (2,237) Other unrealized gains (losses), net 6 (3) (4) Benefit plans net actuarial losses and prior service credits (1,539) (1,627) (1,296) Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss $ (3,699) $ (3,676) $ (3,537) We utilize the aggregate portfolio approach for releasing disproportionate income tax effects from AOCL. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 156 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 156
Note 25 – Loss per Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share of Xerox Holdings Corporation's Common stock (shares in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Basic Loss per Share: Net (Loss) Income $ (1,321) $ 1 $ (322) Accrued dividends on preferred stock (14) (14) (14) Adjusted Net Loss attributable to common shareholders $ (1,335) $ (13) $ (336) Weighted average common shares outstanding 124,210 149,116 156,006 Basic Loss per Share $ (10.75) $ (0.09) $ (2.15) Diluted Loss per Share: Net (Loss) Income $ (1,321) $ 1 $ (322) Accrued dividends on preferred stock (14) (14) (14) Adjusted Net Loss attributable to common shareholders $ (1,335) $ (13) $ (336) Weighted average common shares outstanding 124,210 149,116 156,006 Common shares issuable with respect to: Stock options — — — Restricted stock and performance shares — — — Convertible preferred stock — — — Adjusted Weighted average common shares outstanding 124,210 149,116 156,006 Diluted Loss per Share $ (10.75) $ (0.09) $ (2.15) The following securities were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as they were either contingently issuable shares or shares that if included would have been anti-dilutive (shares in thousands): Stock options 147 231 586 Restricted stock and performance shares 8,623 6,711 4,950 Convertible preferred stock 6,742 6,742 6,742 Convertible notes(1) 19,196 — — Total Anti-Dilutive Securities 34,708 13,684 12,278 Dividends per Common Share $ 1.00 $ 1.00 $ 1.00 _____________ (1) Refer to Note 15 - Debt for additional information related to the issuance of Xerox Holdings Corporation's $400 of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 157Xerox 2024 Annual Report 157
Item 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Xerox Holdings Corporation Management's Responsibility for Financial Statements The management of Xerox Holdings Corporation is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of all information presented in this annual report. The Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts based on management's best estimates and judgments. Management believes the Consolidated Financial Statements fairly reflect the form and substance of transactions and that the financial statements fairly represent the financial position and results of operations of Xerox Holdings Corporation. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which is composed solely of independent directors, meets regularly with the independent auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the internal auditors and representatives of management to review accounting, financial reporting, internal control and audit matters, as well as the nature and extent of the audit effort. The Audit Committee is responsible for the engagement of the independent auditors. The independent auditors and internal auditors have access to the Audit Committee. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The management of Xerox Holdings Corporation evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms relating to Xerox Holdings Corporation, including our consolidated subsidiaries, and was accumulated and communicated to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting The management of Xerox Holdings Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the above evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in Part II, Item 8 of this combined Form 10-K. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting In connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, there was no change identified in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. An assessment of internal controls over financial reporting of a recently acquired business may be excluded from management's evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures for up to a year from the date of acquisition. We excluded ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. (ITsavvy) from our assessment of disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2024 as it was acquired by the Company during the fourth quarter 2024. ITsavvy is a wholly- owned subsidiary whose total assets and total revenues excluded from management’s assessment of internal controls represented less than 1%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 158 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 158
Xerox Corporation Management's Responsibility for Financial Statements The management of Xerox Corporation is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of all information presented in this annual report. The Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts based on management's best estimates and judgments. Management believes the Consolidated Financial Statements fairly reflect the form and substance of transactions and that the financial statements fairly represent the financial position and results of operations of Xerox Corporation. The Audit Committee of the Xerox Holdings Corporation Board of Directors, which is composed solely of independent directors, meets regularly with the independent auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the internal auditors and representatives of management to review accounting, financial reporting, internal control and audit matters, as well as the nature and extent of the audit effort. The Audit Committee is responsible for the engagement of the independent auditors. The independent auditors and internal auditors have access to the Audit Committee. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The management of Xerox Corporation evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms relating to Xerox Corporation, including our consolidated subsidiaries, and was accumulated and communicated to Xerox Corporation’s management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting The management of Xerox Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the above evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in Part II, Item 8 of this combined Form 10-K. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting In connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, there was no change identified in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. An assessment of internal controls over financial reporting of a recently acquired business may be excluded from management's evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures for up to a year from the date of acquisition. We excluded ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc. (ITsavvy) from our assessment of disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2024 as it was acquired by the Company during the fourth quarter 2024. ITsavvy is a wholly- owned subsidiary whose total assets and total revenues excluded from management’s assessment of internal controls represented less than 1%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 159 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 159
Item 9B. Other Information Trading Plans None of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S- K) during the quarterly period covered by this report. Separation and Release Agreement On February 23, 2025, Xerox Corporation entered into a General Release, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement (the Release Agreement) with Xavier Heiss, its former EVP, Chief Financial Officer who, as previously disclosed, retired effective as of January 31, 2025 (the Retirement Date). Pursuant to the Release Agreement, Mr. Heiss will be entitled to continued vesting of all outstanding restricted stock units held by him as of the Retirement Date through their original vesting dates in exchange for a release of claims in favor of Xerox S.A.S. and its affiliates. The Release Agreement also subjects Mr. Heiss to customary non-disparagement obligations, as well as non-competition and non-solicitation covenants that will apply for 18 months following the Retirement Date and a general cooperation covenant that survives for 36 months following the Retirement Date. The Release Agreement also contains a release of claims in favor of Mr. Heiss and a non-disparagement covenant in his favor. The foregoing description of the Release Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Release Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 10(ff) to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference. Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections Not applicable. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 160 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 160
Part III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required by this Item, with the exception of the information concerning our executive officers, will be included in the Company's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024, in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the Company's 2025 annual meeting of shareholders (the 2025 Proxy Statement), and is incorporated herein by reference. Executive Officers of Xerox The following is a list of the executive officers of Xerox, their current ages, their present positions and the year appointed to their present positions. Each officer is elected to hold office until the meeting of the Board of Directors held on the day of the next annual meeting of shareholders, subject to the provisions of the By-Laws. Name Age Present Position Year Appointed to Present Position Xerox Officer Since Steven J. Bandrowczak 64 Chief Executive Officer 2022 2018 John G. Bruno 60 President and Chief Operating Officer 2022 2022 Flor Colón 61 Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary 2024 2024 Mirlanda Gecaj 51 Chief Financial Officer 2025 2022 Jacques-Edouard Gueden 59 Chief Channel and Partner Officer 2024 2021 Louis J. Pastor 40 Chief Administrative Officer and Global Head of Operations 2024 2024 William Twomey 49 Chief Accounting Officer 2025 2025 Mr. Bandrowczak was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Xerox in 2022 and previously served as President and Chief Operations Officer of Xerox since 2018. Prior to joining Xerox, Mr. Bandrowczak held leadership positions at Alight Solutions, Sutherland Global Services and Hewlett-Packard Enterprises. Mr. Bruno joined Xerox in 2022 as President and Chief Operating Officer, where he is responsible for the Print, Digital Services, and IT Services business units. Prior to joining Xerox, Mr. Bruno served as Chief Operating Officer of Aon, a global professional services firm, and Chief Executive Officer of Data & Analytics Services. Prior to AON, Mr. Bruno was President, Industry & Field Operations and Executive Vice President of Corporate Development for NCR Corporation. He has also held senior leadership positions with Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch, Cisco Systems, and United Parcel Services. Ms. Colón joined Xerox in 1999 and was named Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary in 2024, where she is responsible for Legal, Ethics and Compliance, and Environmental, Health, Safety and Sustainability (EHS&S). Prior to that, Ms. Colón held various leadership positions within Xerox, most recently serving as Deputy General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Chief Ethics Officer. Ms. Gecaj was named Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in 2025. In her role, Ms. Gecaj oversees the company’s finance organization, including global corporate finance strategy, planning and analysis, accounting, treasury, taxes, audit, enterprise risk management, XeroxTM Financial Services, and investor relations. Prior to her current role, Ms. Gecaj served as Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer. Previously, Ms. Gecaj spent five years at Element Solutions Inc., where, she most recently served as Vice President, Global Shared Service Strategy. Prior to joining Element Solutions, she was a senior manager with PricewaterhouseCoopers. Mr. Gueden was named Executive Vice President and Chief Channel and Partner Officer in 2024. In this role, he leads Xerox’s indirect business as head of Global Channels and Partner business. Mr. Gueden has held various senior management roles during his more than 30-year career with Xerox, most recently as President of EMEA Operations beginning in 2021, where he led the company’s go-to-market teams in Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Eurasian countries to bring Xerox’s full portfolio of products, services and software to clients and partners. Mr. Pastor joined Xerox in 2024 as Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer and Global Head of Operations. Mr. Pastor is responsible for information technology, information security, real estate, the Xerox Reinvention Office, and Xerox’s Global Business Services organization. Mr. Pastor previously served as Executive Vice President, Chief Corporate Development Officer and Chief Legal Officer for Xerox until April 2023, after first joining the company in October 2018 as Executive Vice President and General Counsel. Mr. Twomey joined Xerox in 2025 as Vice President and Chief Accounting officer. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Twomey spent 10 years at Paramount Global where he most recently served as Senior Vice President, Global Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 161Xerox 2024 Annual Report 161
Accounting Operations. Prior to his role at Paramount Global Mr. Twomey held various accounting roles at Trusted Media Brands and Focus Financial Partners. Mr. Twomey began his career with PricewaterhouseCoopers where he was an audit manager. Code of Business Conduct We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all employees, including executive officers and directors. The Code of Business Conduct is available on the Corporate Social Responsibility page of our website at www.xerox.com. A copy of the Code of Business Conduct is available, free of charge, by submitting a written request to: Xerox Corporation, Business Ethics and Compliance Office, 201 Merritt 7 Norwalk, CT 06851–1056 U.S.A. If we ever were to amend or waive any provision of our Code of Business Conduct that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or any person performing similar functions, we intend to satisfy our disclosure obligations with respect to any such waiver or amendment by posting such information on our internet website set forth above rather than filing a Form 8-K. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information required by this Item will be included in the 2025 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference, provided, however, that the information included under the heading “Pay Versus Performance” in our definitive 2025 Proxy Statement is not incorporated herein by reference or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required by this Item will be included in the 2025 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence The information required by this Item will be included in the 2025 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services The information required by this Item will be included in the 2025 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 162Xerox 2024 Annual Report 162
Part IV Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules (a) (1) Index to Financial Statements filed as part of this report: ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238); ▪ Xerox Corporation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238); ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023; ▪ Xerox Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023; ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Corporation Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements; and ▪ All other schedules are omitted as they are not applicable, or the information required is included in the financial statements or notes thereto. (2) Financial Statement Schedules: ▪ Xerox Holdings Corporation Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024; ▪ Xerox Corporation Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024. (3) Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K: See the Index of Exhibits at pages 166 through 175 inclusive, which is attached to and incorporated into and made a part of this Annual Report. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 163 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 163
Xerox Holdings Corporation Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Receivables - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: (in millions) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to bad debt provision (1) Amounts charged to other income statement accounts (1) Deductions and other, net of recoveries (2) Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2024 Accounts Receivable $ 64 $ 25 $ — $ (20) $ 69 Finance Receivables 92 17 2 (54) 57 $ 156 $ 42 $ 2 $ (74) $ 126 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Accounts Receivable $ 52 $ 22 $ 6 $ (16) $ 64 Finance Receivables 117 6 2 (33) 92 $ 169 $ 28 $ 8 $ (49) $ 156 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Accounts Receivable $ 58 $ 17 $ (9) $ (14) $ 52 Finance Receivables 118 26 2 (29) 117 $ 176 $ 43 $ (7) $ (43) $ 169 _____________ (1) Bad debt provisions relate to estimated losses due to credit and similar collectibility issues. Other charges (credits) relate to adjustments to reserves necessary to reflect events of non-payment such as customer accommodations and contract terminations. (2) Deductions and other, net of recoveries primarily relates to receivable write-offs, but also includes the impact of foreign currency translation adjustments and recoveries of previously written off receivables. Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowances: (in millions) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to income tax expense (benefit) Amounts credited to other accounts (1) Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2024 $ 375 195 (59) $ 511 Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 366 (4) 13 $ 375 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ 357 7 2 $ 366 _____________ (1) Reflects other increases (decreases) to our valuation allowance, including the effects of currency. These did not affect Income tax benefit in total as there was a corresponding adjustment to Deferred tax assets or Other comprehensive loss. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 164Xerox 2024 Annual Report 164
Xerox Corporation Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Receivables - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: (in millions) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to bad debt provision (1) Amounts charged to other income statement accounts (1) Deductions and other, net of recoveries (2) Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2024 Accounts Receivable $ 64 $ 25 $ — $ (20) $ 69 Finance Receivables 92 17 2 (54) 57 $ 156 $ 42 $ 2 $ (74) $ 126 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Accounts Receivable $ 52 $ 22 $ 6 $ (16) $ 64 Finance Receivables 117 6 2 (33) 92 $ 169 $ 28 $ 8 $ (49) $ 156 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Accounts Receivable $ 58 $ 17 $ (9) $ (14) $ 52 Finance Receivables 118 26 2 (29) 117 $ 176 $ 43 $ (7) $ (43) $ 169 _____________ (1) Bad debt provisions relate to estimated losses due to credit and similar collectibility issues. Other charges (credits) relate to adjustments to reserves necessary to reflect events of non-payment such as customer accommodations and contract terminations. (2) Deductions and other, net of recoveries primarily relates to receivable write-offs, but also includes the impact of foreign currency translation adjustments and recoveries of previously written off receivables. Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowances: (in millions) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to income tax expense (benefit) Amounts credited to other accounts (1) Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2024 $ 375 195 (59) $ 511 Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 366 (4) 13 $ 375 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ 357 7 2 $ 366 _____________ (1) Reflects other increases (decreases) to our valuation allowance, including the effects of currency. These did not affect Income tax benefit in total as there was a corresponding adjustment to Deferred tax assets or Other comprehensive loss. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 165 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 165
Index of Exhibits Xerox Holdings Corporation Xerox Corporation Document and Location 3(a)(1) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Xerox Corporation's filed with the Department of State of New York on July 31, 2019. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Xerox Corporation's Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2019. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 3(a)(2) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Xerox Holdings Corporation filed with the Department of State of New York on May 19, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated May 19, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 3(b)(1) Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Xerox Corporation dated February 14, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b)(1) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's Combined Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 3(b)(2) Amended and Restated By-Laws of Xerox Holdings Corporation dated February 17, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b)(2) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 4(b) [Reserved] 4(c) Form of Indenture dated as of December 4, 2009 between Xerox Corporation and the Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, relating to an unlimited amount of senior debt securities. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(b)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Xerox Corporation's Registration Statement No. 333-142900. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 4(d) Form of Indenture dated August 6, 2020 among Xerox Holdings Corporation, Xerox Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, with respect to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s 5.000% Senior Notes due 2025. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 6, 2020. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 4(e) Form of Indenture dated August 6, 2020 among Xerox Holdings Corporation, Xerox Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, with respect to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s 5.500% Senior Notes due 2028. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 6, 2020. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 4(f) Description of Xerox Holdings Corporation Capital Stock. 4(g) Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated as of April 2021 by and among Xerox Holdings Corporation, Carl C. Icahn and the named Icahn companies. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 4(h) Indenture, dated March 20, 2024 (the “Indenture”), by and among Xerox Holdings Corporation, Xerox Corporation and Xerox Business Solutions, LLC, as guarantors, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, with respect to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s 8.875% Senior Notes due 2029. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 8-K dated March 25, 2024. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 166Xerox 2024 Annual Report 166
4(i) Indenture, dated March 11, 2024 (the “Indenture”), among Xerox Holdings Corporation, as issuer, Xerox Corporation and Xerox Business Solutions, LLC, as guarantors, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee., with respect to Xerox Holding Corporation’s 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 8-K dated March 12, 2024. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 4(j) Instruments with respect to long-term debt where the total amount of securities authorized thereunder does not exceed 10 percent of the total assets of Xerox Holdings Corporation and/or Xerox Corporation, as applicable, and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis have not been filed. Xerox Holdings Corporation and/or Xerox Corporation, as applicable, agrees to furnish to the Commission a copy of each such instrument upon request. *10(a) Officer Severance Program, as amended and restated effective March 11, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Annual Report on Form 8-K dated March 15, 2024 See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(b) [Reserved] *10(c) Compensation Plan Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2019 between Xerox Corporation and Xerox Holdings Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K Dated July 31, 2019. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(d)(1) Xerox Corporation's 2004 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended and restated as of July 31, 2019 ("2004 ECPNED"). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2019. See SEC File Number 001-0447139013. *10(d)(2) Form of Agreement under 2004 ECPNED. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d)(2) to Xerox Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2005. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(d)(3) [Reserved] 10(d)(4) [Reserved] *10(d)(5) Form of Deferred Stock Unit (“DSU”) Agreement under 2004 ECPNED. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(d)(6) [Reserved] *10(d)(7) Form of Restricted Stock Unit ("RSU") Agreement under 2004 ECPNED. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(d)(8) [Reserved] *10(d)(9) Xerox Holdings Corporation's 2004 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, 2021 Amendment and Restatement ("2021 ECPNED") Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 20, 2021. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(d)(10) Form of Deferred Stock Unit (“DSU”) Agreement under 2021 ECPNED. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2021. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(d)(11) [Reserved] *10(d)(12) Form of Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) Agreement under 2021 ECPNED. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2021. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(d)(13) [Reserved] Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 167Xerox 2024 Annual Report 167
*10(e)(1) Xerox Corporation's 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended and restated as of June 30, 2017 ("2017 PIP"). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(1) to Xerox Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2017. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(2) Amendment No. 1 dated February 1, 2018 to 2017 PIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(18) to Xerox Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(3) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP; PSU & RSU (ratable). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(32) to Xerox Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(e)(4) [Reserved] *10(e)(5) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP; RSU (ratable). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(34) to Xerox Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(e)(6) [Reserved] *10(e)(7) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP: Stock Options. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(36) to Xerox Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(e)(8) [Reserved] *10(e)(9) Amendment No. 2 dated May 14, 2018 to 2017 PIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Xerox Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2018. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(e)(10) [Reserved] *10(e)(11) Amendment No. 3 dated January 14, 2019 to 2017 PIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(42) to Xerox Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(12) Performance Elements for 2019 Executive Long-Term Incentive Program. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(44) to Xerox Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(13) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP; PSU & RSU (ratable). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(45) to Xerox Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(14) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP; RSU (ratable). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(46) to Xerox Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(15) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under PIP; ELTIP; Stock Options. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. See SEC File Number 001-04471. *10(e)(16) Xerox Corporation's 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended and restated as of July 31, 2019. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2019. See SEC File No. 001-39013. *10(e)(17) Form of Performance Share Unit (“PSU”) Award Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(18) Form of Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) Award Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 168Xerox 2024 Annual Report 168
*10(e)(19) Form of One-Year RSU Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(20) Form of Two-Year RSU Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(21) Form of Three-Year RSU Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(22) Form of Stock Option Agreement under Xerox Corporation 2005 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(23) Form of PSU Award Summary under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(24) Form of RSU Award Summaries under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(e)(25) Form of Stock Option Award Summary under Xerox Corporation 2004 Performance Incentive Plan, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(1) Xerox Holdings Corporation Performance Incentive Plan (“XHCPIP”). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 28, 2020. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(2) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; PSU. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(3) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; RSUs (ratable). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(4) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XCHPIP: PIP; ELTIP; 1-year RSUs. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(5) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; 2-year RSUs. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 169Xerox 2024 Annual Report 169
*10(f)(6) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; 3-year RSUs. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(7) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; Stock Options. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2020. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(f)(8) [Reserved] 10(f)(9) [Reserved] *10(f)(10) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; RSUs (2-year ratable 50/50). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(10) to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(11) Form of Omnibus Award Agreement under XHCPIP: PIP; ELTIP; RSUs (3-year ratable 33/33/34). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(11) to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(12) Form of PSU Award Summary under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(13) Form of RSU Award Summary under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2019. See SEC File Nos. 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(f)(14) [Reserved] 10(f)(15) [Reserved] *10(f)(16) Xerox Holdings Corporation Performance Incentive Plan, as amended through October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter Ended September 30, 2021. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(f)(17) Form of E-LTIP Performance Share Unit (“PSU”) Award Agreement (2022) under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(17) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(18) Form of E-LTIP Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) Graduated-Vesting Award Agreement (2022) under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(18) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(19) Form of E-LTIP RSU Cliff-Vesting Award Agreement (2022) under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(19) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(20) Form of International Appendix to E-LTIP PSU and RSU Award Agreements (2022) under XHCPIP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(20) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(f)(21) [Reserved] 10(f)(22) [Reserved] *10(f)(23) Form of 2023 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 3-year, cash-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(23) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 170Xerox 2024 Annual Report 170
*10(f)(24) Form of 2023 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 2-year, cash-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(24) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(25) Form of 2023 Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, cash-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(25) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(26) Form of 2023 E-LTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 3-Year under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(26) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(27) Form of 2023 E-LTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 2-Year under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(27) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(28) Form of 2023 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 3-year under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(28) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(29) Form of 2023 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, 2-year under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(29) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(30) Form of 2023 E-LTIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, 2-year under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(30) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(31) Form of 2023 Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under XHCPIP, amended and effective as of October 21, 2021. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(31) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(f)(32) [Reserved] 10(f)(33) [Reserved] 10(f)(34) [Reserved] 10(f)(35) [Reserved] 10(f)(36) [Reserved] 10(f)(37) [Reserved] *10(f)(38) Form of 2023 XSIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, cash-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(38) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(39) Form of 2023 XSIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, stock-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(39) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(40) Form of 2023 E-LTIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(40) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(41) Form of 2024 XSIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, cash-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(41) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 171Xerox 2024 Annual Report 171
*10(f)(42) Form of 2024 XSIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement, stock-settled under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(42) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(43) Form of 2024 E-LTIP Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(43) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(44) Form of 2024 XSIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, under XHCPIP, amended and effective on February 21, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f)(44) to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(f)(45) Performance Elements for 2025 Executive Long-Term Incentive Program *10(f)(46) Management Incentive Plan for 2024 Performance *10(f)(47) Management Incentive Plan for 2025 *10(f)(48) Form of 2025 ELTIP Performance Share Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(49) Form of 2025 ELTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 2 Year CEO/COO, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(50) Form of 2025 ELTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(51) Form of 2025 ELTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year CEO/COO, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(52) Form of 2025 XSIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 2 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(53) Form of 2025 XSIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 2 Year Cash-Settled, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(54) Form of 2025 XSIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(55) Form of 2025 XSIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year Cash Settled, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(56) Form of 2025 ELTIP Performance Share Unit Award Agreement For CEO And COO Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 3 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(57) Form of 2025 ELTIP Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan - 2 Year, Effective February 19, 2025. *10(f)(58) 2025 Appendix To International Award Agreements Pursuant To Xerox Holdings Corporation 2024 Equity And Performance Incentive Plan. 10(g) [Reserved] *10(h) Uniform Rule dated December 17, 2008 for all Deferred Compensation Promised by Xerox Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(r) to Xerox Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. See SEC File Number 001-04471. 10(i) Nomination and Standstill Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2021, by and among Xerox Holdings Corporation, Carl C. Icahn and the other parties named therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2021. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(j) Nomination and Standstill Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2021, by and between Xerox Holdings Corporation and Darwin Deason. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2021. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 172Xerox 2024 Annual Report 172
10(k)(1) [Reserved] 10(k)(2) [Reserved] *10(k)(3) Offer Letter, dated December 29, 2023, by and between Xerox Corporation and Louie Pastor. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 29, 2023. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(l) Form of Change in Control Severance Agreement, effective January 1, 2024, as approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Xerox Holdings Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 29, 2023. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. *10(m) Form of Indemnification Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 2, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(n) Credit Agreement, dated as of November 17, 2023, by and among XEROX CORPORATION, a New York corporation, XEROX HOLDINGS CORPORATION, a New York corporation, and each other Guarantor party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holding Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 2023. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(o) Credit Agreement, dated as of July 7, 2022, among Xerox Corporation, Xerox Holdings Corporation, certain Lenders signatory thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 13, 2022. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(p) Credit Agreement, dated May 22, 2023, by and among Xerox Corporation, a New York Corporation, Xerox Holdings Corporation, a New York corporation, and each other Guarantor party thereto, the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 23, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(q) Purchase Agreement dated September 28, 2023 by and between the Company and the Icahn Parties. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 28, 2023. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(r) General Release, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, between Xerox Corporation and Joanne Collins Smee, dated January 10, 2024. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 8-K dated January 12, 2024. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(s) Form of Capped Call Confirmation Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation’s and Xerox Corporation’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 8-K dated March 12, 2024. See SEC File Numbers 001-39013 and 001-04471. 10(t) Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2024, by and among XEROX CORPORATION, a New York corporation, XEROX HOLDINGS CORPORATION, a New York corporation, the other Loan Parties party thereto, the 2024 Incremental Revolving Lenders party thereto and CITIBANK, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 12, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(u) 2024 Equity and Performance Incentive Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form S-8 dated June 28, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 173Xerox 2024 Annual Report 173
10(v) Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Xerox, ITsavvy Holdings, LLC and ITsavvy Acquisition Company, Inc., dated as of October 15, 2024 (including the form of the Notes). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 17, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(w) Secured Promissory Note, dated November 20, 2024, by and between Xerox Corporation and ITsavvy Holdings, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(x) Secured Promissory Note, dated November 20, 2024, by and between Xerox Corporation and ITsavvy Holdings, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21,2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(y) Equity Purchase Agreement, dated December 22, 2024, by and among Xerox Corporation, Ninestar Group Company Limited and Lexmark. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 23,2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(z) Commitment Letter, dated December 22, 2024, by and among Xerox Corporation and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., MUFG Bank, LTD., Regions Bank, Truist Bank and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 23,2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(aa) Commitment Letter, dated December 22, 2024, by and among Xerox Holdings Corporation and DCS Finance, LLC and Christy 2017, LP. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 23,2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 10(bb) Commitment Letter, dated December 22, 2024, by and among Xerox Corporation, Jefferies Finance LLC and Jefferies LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 23,2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(cc) Offer Letter dated September 16, 2024 between Xerox Corporation and Mirlanda Gecaj. *10(dd) Offer Letter dated October 31, 2022 between the Company and John G. Bruno. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 14, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(ee) Offer Letter dated August 2, 2022, between Steven Bandrowczak, Xerox Holdings Corporation and Xerox Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's and Xerox Corporation's combined Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 2, 2022. See SEC File Number 001-39013. *10(ff) General Release, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, between Xerox Corporation and Xavier Heiss, dated February 23, 2025. 14 Company Code of Conduct 19 Company Insider Trading Policy Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 19 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 21 Subsidiaries of Registrant. 23(a) Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP re Xerox Holdings Corporation. 23(b) Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP re Xerox Corporation. 31(a)(1) Certification of Xerox Holdings Corporation CEO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 174Xerox 2024 Annual Report 174
31(a)(2) Certification of Xerox Corporation CEO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). 31(b)(1) Certification of Xerox Holdings Corporation CFO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). 31(b)(2) Certification of Xerox Corporation CFO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). 32(a) Certification of Xerox Holdings Corporation CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32(b) Certification of Xerox Corporation CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 97 Company Clawback Policy Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 97 to Xerox Holdings Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 23, 2024. See SEC File Number 001-39013. 101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document 101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document 101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Document 104 The Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) * Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. Item 16. Form 10-K Summary None Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 175Xerox 2024 Annual Report 175
Signatures Xerox Holdings Corporation Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. XEROX HOLDINGS CORPORATION /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK Steven J. Bandrowczak Chief Executive Officer February 24, 2025 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated. February 24, 2025 Signature Title Principal Executive Officer: /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK Chief Executive Officer and Director Steven J. Bandrowczak Principal Financial Officer: /S/ MIRLANDA GECAJ Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Mirlanda Gecaj Principal Accounting Officer: /s/ WILLIAM TWOMEY Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer William Twomey Directors: /S/ A. SCOTT LETIER Chairman and Director A. Scott Letier /S/ JOHN G. BRUNO Director John G. Bruno /S/ TAMI A. ERWIN Director Tami A. Erwin /S/ PRISCILLA HUNG Director Priscilla Hung /S/ NICHELLE MAYNARD-ELLIOTT Director Nichelle Maynard-Elliott /S/ EDWARD G. MCLAUGHLIN Director Edward G. McLaughlin /S/ JOHN J. ROESE Director John J. Roese /S/ AMY SCHWETZ Director Amy Schwetz Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 176Xerox 2024 Annual Report 176
Signatures Xerox Corporation Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. XEROX CORPORATION /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK Steven J. Bandrowczak Chief Executive Officer February 24, 2025 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated. February 24, 2025 Signature Title Principal Executive Officer: /s/ STEVEN J. BANDROWCZAK Chief Executive Officer and Director Steven J. Bandrowczak Principal Financial Officer: /S/ MIRLANDA GECAJ Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Mirlanda Gecaj Principal Accounting Officer: /s/ WILLIAM TWOMEY Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer William Twomey Directors: /S/ A. SCOTT LETIER Chairman and Director A. Scott Letier /S/ JOHN G. BRUNO Director John G. Bruno /S/ TAMI A. ERWIN Director Tami A. Erwin /S/ PRISCILLA HUNG Director Priscilla Hung /S/ NICHELLE MAYNARD-ELLIOTT Director Nichelle Maynard-Elliott /S/ EDWARD G. MCLAUGHLIN Director Edward G. McLaughlin /S/ JOHN J. ROESE Director John J. Roese /S/ AMY SCHWETZ Director Amy Schwetz Table of Contents Xerox 2024 Annual Report 177 Xerox 2024 Annual Report 177
FYI Shareholder Information For investor information, including comprehensive earnings releases: https://investors.xerox.com/ For shareholder services, call 800.828.6396 (TDD: 800.368.0328) or 781.575.3222; or write to Computershare Trust Company, N.A., PO BOX 43078, Providence, RI 02940-3078; or via online access at www.computershare.com. Electronic Delivery Enrollment: Xerox offers shareholders the convenience of electronic delivery, including immediate receipt of the Proxy Statement and Annual Report and online proxy voting. Registered Shareholders, visit: www.computershare.com/ investor. You are a registered shareholder if you have your stock certificate in your possession or if the shares are being held by our transfer agent, Computershare. Beneficial Shareholders, visit: http://enroll.icsdelivery.com/ xrx. You are a beneficial shareholder if you maintain your position in Xerox within a brokerage account. Investor Relations Contact: investorrelations@xerox.com A D D I T I O N A L I N F O R M AT I O N Independent Auditors PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 263 Tresser Boulevard, Suite 800 Stamford, CT 06901 203.539.3000 2024 Corporate Social Responsibility Report: https://www.xerox.com/en-us/about/corporate-social- responsibility Ethics Helpline: • Online submission tool: www.xeroxethicshelpline.com • Phone numbers: U.S. and Canada: 866.XRX.0001; International numbers located at: www.xerox.com/ethics Environment, Health, Safety and Sustainability: www.xerox.com/environment Governance: https://www.xerox.com/en-us/about/corporate-social- responsibility/governance
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