Good morning and welcome to the Analog Devices Second Quarter Fiscal Year 2026 Earnings Conference Call, which is being audio webcast via telephone and over the web. I'd now like to introduce your host for today's call, Mr. Jeff Ambrose, Head of Investor Relations. Sir, the floor is yours.

Thank you, Jonathan, and good morning, everybody. Thank you for joining our second quarter fiscal 2026 conference call. Joining me today is ADI CEO and Chair Vincent Roche and ADI CFO Richard Puccio. For anyone who missed the release, you can find it at investor.analog.com, along with related financial schedules. The information we're about to discuss includes forward-looking statements which are subject to certain risks and uncertainties as further described in our earnings release, periodic reports, and other materials filed with the SEC. see. Actual results could differ materially from the forward-looking information as these statements reflect our expectations only as the date of this call. We undertake no obligation to update these statements except as required by law. References to gross margin, operating and non-operating expenses, operating margin, tax rate, earnings per share, and free cash flow in our comments today will be on a non-GAAP basis, which excludes special items. When comparing our results to our historical performance, special items are also excluded from prior periods. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures and additional information about our non-GAAP measures are included in today's earnings release. References to earnings per share are on a fully diluted basis. And with that, I will turn the call over to ADI CEO and Chair, Vincent Roche.

Thanks very much, Jeff, and a very good morning to you all. Well, as you've seen by now, second quarter revenue profitability and earnings per share finished above the high end of our guidance, establishing new high-water marks for both revenue and for earnings. Despite the quarter's heightened geopolitical tensions and ongoing macroeconomic challenges, we're currently seeing record demand for our products and solutions. It's at times like these when our dynamic hybrid manufacturing model performs. Our robust investments over recent years have enhanced the scale and the optionality of our supply chain, enabling ADI to address demand surges and capture upside. The combination of this supply agility and resilience and our robust R&D investments across core analog segments, as well as digital, software, and AI form the foundation for a growing criticality to our customers. They also enable us to pursue areas that we believe offer the greatest future growth potential for ADI, namely AI-driven computing and connectivity, autonomy, proactive healthcare, sustainable energy transition, and immersive consumer experience. As I mentioned last quarter, our data center and ATE businesses are taking advantage of strong AI-driven infrastructure investments to achieve new highs. These two businesses are on steep growth trajectories, and as we move through 2026, our confidence in their continued growth into 27 is increasing. Another robust growth market for ADI is our aerospace and defense business, which reached a new revenue high this quarter and where increased focus on national sovereignty concerns is accelerating an already strong multi-year growth path. In general, industrial, which includes ATE as well as aerospace and defense, is our most profitable business with 15 to 20-year average product life cycles.

We continue to outperform in this space.

So today, I'd like to unpack more of that story for you by focusing on our industrial business beyond ATE and aerospace and defense, namely automation, electronic test and measurement, sustainable energy, health care, and the broad market. Collectively, these markets have grown more than 40% in the first half of fiscal 26. Six, customers across these sectors are consuming more semiconductors with each new product generation. And from a cyclical perspective, these businesses are still well below their prior cycle highs with lean channel inventories. This combination of secular and cyclical positioning, along with strong demand signals, gives us confidence that all of our industrial sectors are poised for continued strong growth in the coming quarters and indeed over the longer term. So now going a little deeper into these markets, I'll begin with our automation business. Numerous megatrends, including the unshoring of advanced manufacturing and evolving labor dynamics, are increasing demand for digital factories and next-generation robots. The digital factory vision is unlocking new opportunities for ADI and our portfolio of high-performance sensing, signal chain, power management, and connectivity solutions. We're enabling the edge intelligence and real-time communication necessary in automated semiconductor fabs, biopharma, data centers, and other discrete and process manufacturing environments, for example. Additionally, as robots make up ever larger percentages of investments in factories and elsewhere, our higher value products and subsystems for content-rich robotics are aiding automation fast recovery. Longer term, humanoids and other advanced robotics modalities are steadily increasing our opportunity pipeline value. you. Overall, we believe we're well positioned to continue capitalizing on automation's tailwinds today and in the future as automation transitions to autonomy. Turning now to our electronic test and measurement or ETM business. While ATE systems are geared to enable efficient, high-volume manufacturing of chips and electronic systems, ETM supports end-to-end product development and delivery, from R&D prototyping, debugging, and validation, all the way through mass production in areas such as AI, EVs, and secure communications, for example. ETM is a highly diversified, performance-driven market, and ADI's innovative RF, mixed signal, and power solutions have built our strong position in high-value applications and are propelling our growth in our design pipeline as customers grapple with increasing levels of complexity and shrinking innovation cycles. Switching now to our energy business, the continued evolution of consumption patterns due to deeper electrification and high performance computing, for example, is putting immense pressure on legacy electrical grids and creating profound challenges from energy generation to transmission distribution storage and of course consumption customers trust ADI to accurately monitor meter and manage all levels of the grid we reliably convert real world environmental and system data into digital information delivering the essential edge intelligence connectivity and power management solutions today's systems require. Notably, we're also leveraging our high-performance battery management platform to support the energy storage systems that are increasingly crucial to a stable grid. Demand for our BMS portfolio from our ESS customers continues to be strong in 26, having grown more than 50% in fiscal 25. In short, our technology helps customers upgrade electrical infrastructure, ingest and manage the intermittency of renewable resources, and smooth the energy demand spikes from applications like EVs, AI, and so on and so forth. As the trend of electrification accelerates and demand patterns continue to evolve, we believe energy will continue its growth trajectory for many, many years to come. Turning next to healthcare, where technologies and solutions protect and save lives across both clinical and non-clinical care settings each and every day. We're enabling the ongoing digitalization of clinical environments through the combination of our deep domain expertise and breadth of technological capabilities across hardware, software, and advanced packaging. we're seeing sector growth in for example advanced imaging patient monitoring and surgical robotic applications where high performance driven solutions are further extending our leadership position and as healthcare increasingly migrates beyond clinical to non-clinical environments demand is accelerating for our wearable solutions for outpatient management of for example cardiopulmonary and metabolic conditions, essentially extending the digital network edge all the way to the surface of the human body. We're driving double-digit revenue growth in our healthcare market, and we expect continued growth over the coming years due to increasing design ends with larger OEMs this year. Turning finally to our broad market industrial business, which has returned to robust growth. This market encompasses a long tail of tens of thousands of established and emerging companies who are addressing a vast array of applications. The tremendous breadth of these customers' needs aligns perfectly with the extensive scope of our diversified, performance-leading technologies and application-ready solutions spanning sensor to cloud, nanowatts to kilowatts, and antenna to bits. Now, before I conclude my remarks today, let me speak briefly about our planned acquisition of Empower Semiconductor, which will further augment our power technology portfolio and provide the final piece of our comprehensive grid-to-core power platform. With Empower, we gain cutting-edge proprietary integrated voltage regulator, or IVR technology, and silicon capacitors that enable us to offer true vertical power delivery to our customers. The extreme power density of M-PAR's platforms eliminates customers' needs for bulky external components, shrinks their power footprint by up to four times, slashes their data center compute power consumption by an estimated 10 to 15 percent, and delivers the ultra-fast transient response required by volatile AI workloads. This transaction will expand ADI's total addressable market within the hyper-growth AI accelerator space and further solidify our position as an indispensable hardware partner in the drive for maximum compute density per server rack. And we look forward to sharing more of our vision in this exciting space when the transaction closes a little later following regulatory approval. So in closing, we believe our industrial end market is currently in a cycle of broad-based high growth that has been further compounded by our strong investments in the most attractive secular opportunities. As ADI works to bring physical intelligence to the electrophysical interface, our competitive advantage lies in our extensive and evolving tech stack and six decades of experience as well as our deep application domain expertise. These differentiators continue to grow in importance as our customers tackle bigger, more complex challenges at the intelligent edge. And as such, our confidence in our future has never been greater. And with that, I'll pass you over to Rich.

Thank you, Vince. And let me add my welcome to our second quarter earnings call. Revenue in the second quarter was a record $3.62 billion, finishing above the high end of our outlook while growing 15% sequentially and 37% year over year. Growth was led by our industrial and data center businesses. Industrial, which represented 50% of our second quarter revenue, finished up 20% sequentially and 56% year-over-year. All of our industrial businesses increased sequentially and year-over-year, led by aerospace and defense, ATE, ETM, and the broad market. Automotive represented 24% of revenue, finishing up 8% sequentially and 2% year-over-year. We continue to capitalize globally on content and share gains in next-generation ADAS and infotainment systems with increased demand for our GMSL, Functionally Safe Power, and A-to-B technologies. In addition, our BMS solutions for EVs returned to year-over-year growth for the first time in two years. Communications represented 15% of revenue, finishing up 22% sequentially and 79% year-over-year. Data Center, which now accounts for more than 75% of our communications revenue was up more than 90% year-over-year, driven by both our optical and power portfolios. In our wireless business, we continue to see increasing demand, growing more than 35% year-over-year. Lastly, consumer represented 11% of quarterly revenue, flat sequentially, and up 23% year-over-year. Continued strong growth reflects our exposure to the high-end consumer space and ongoing cyclical tailwinds in our B2B-like prosumer business. Now on to the rest of the P&L. Second quarter gross margin was 73 percent, up 180 basis points sequentially and 360 basis points year over year, driven by favorable mix, higher utilization, and pricing. OpEx in the quarter was 872 million, resulting in an operating margin above the high end of our guidance, or 49 percent, up 350 basis points sequentially and 780 basis points year-over-year. Non-operating expenses were $57 million, and the tax rate for the quarter was 11.8%. All told, EPS was a record $3.09, up 26% sequentially and 67% year-over-year. Now I'd like to highlight a few items from our balance sheet and cash flow statements. Cash and short-term investments finished the quarter at $3.4 billion, and our net leverage ratio remains 0.8. Inventory increased $81 million sequentially as we continue to build strategic die bank and finished goods buffers to support growing demand. Days of inventory finished at $168, while channel inventory weeks declined, remaining within our six- to seven-week range. Over the trailing 12 months, operating cash flow in CapEx were $5.1 billion and $0.5 billion, respectively. We continue to expect fiscal 26 CapEx to be within our long-term model of 4% to 6% of Free cash flow over the trailing 12 months was $4.6 billion, or 36% of revenue. Over that same period, we returned $5 billion to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. This robust cash return reflects the strength of our innovation-driven financial model and our continued commitment to disciplined capital allocation. As a reminder, we target 100% free cash flow return over the long term, using 40% to 60% for our dividend and the remainder for share count reduction. Now moving on to our third quarter outlook. Revenue is expected to be $3.9 billion, plus or minus $100 million. Operating margin at the midpoint is expected to be 49%, plus or minus 100 basis points. Our tax rate is expected to be 12% to 14%, and based on these inputs, adjusted EPS is expected to be $3.30, plus or minus $0.15. In closing, we delivered a strong quarter, supported by disciplined execution and broad-based demand across all of our end markets. We continue to see constructive demand signals in our order book and backlog, particularly in industrial, AI-related applications and automotive. While we remain mindful of the dynamic macro and geopolitical environment, we believe we are well positioned to continue executing against both cyclical and secular opportunities. With that, I'll give it back to Jeff for Q&A.

Thank you, Rich. Now let's get to our Q&A session. We ask that you limit yourself to one question in order to allow for additional participants on the call this morning. If you have a follow-up, please re-queue, and we will take your question if time allows. And with that, operator, can we please have our first question?

For those participating by telephone dial-in, if you have a question, please press star one one on your telephone to enter the queue. If your question has been answered or you wish to remove yourself from the queue, simply press star one one again. If you're listening on a speakerphone, please pick up the handset when asking your question. We'll pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. And our first question for today comes from the line of Torres Fonberg from Stiefel Nicholas. Your question, please.

Thank you, and congratulations on the record results. Vince, I was hoping you could talk a little bit about, you know, the conversations that you're having with your customers. Seems like demand is very, very strong. I'm sure supply and capacity is becoming increasingly a concern for your customers. But, you know, how are they basically approaching, you know, your business at this point? Are they worried about supply? Are they giving you more visibility as far as build plans? Any call there would be great.

Yeah, thanks, Sari. So, yeah, I think generally speaking, I would say the atmosphere is one of general calmness, you know, with our customers. There are some concerns, of course, around the choke points in the semiconductor supply chain, you know, memory being one of those. So, you know, that's, I think, having most effect on consumer customers who've got to make choices. But I think generally speaking, you know, our lead times are in pretty good shape. Our demand book is increasing, but we've a lot more capacity as well than we had, say, pre the COVID cycle. We've more than doubled the internal capacity, and we've a lot more optionality built in as well to the external supply sources of the process technologies that we're not building inside the company. So I think it's I think it's a pretty it's a reasonably calm environment. There is concern that, you know, at the steepness of the demand ramp across the industry and what that will mean, say, going into 27. But, you know, we we have a lot of flexibility and resiliency built into our particular supply chain. And so we've a lot more upside that we can take onto our order books and keep a very good service score with our customers. And, you know, there are places, Tori, where, you know, we are seeing, you know, more a little more stress than others. But generally speaking, I think we're in good shape. Perfect. Thanks.

Thanks, Tori. We'll take our next question, please.

And our next question comes from the line of Vivek Arya from Bank of America Securities. Your question, please.

Thanks for taking my question. Vince, I'm curious how you're approaching pricing both from kind of a tactical and strategic perspective. So on the tactical side, what are you assuming in terms of pricing for your current quarter outlook and just the second half in general? and we have heard several of your competitors just start to send letters on increasing pricing. So how are you kind of viewing pricing in the near term? And then longer term, how sustainable will these pricing moves be? And do you think some of your competitors who have internal capacity, can they use this inflationary environment to take shares? So I just would love your perspective on both kind of the tactical and the longer term aspect of it.

Yeah, thank you. So, yeah, I think let me start with the short term. You know, we have increased prices during the course of this year. And essentially what we're trying to do is just absorb the cost of inflation in our business. And, you know, that's something that we'll address. We'll keep an eye on the inflationary effects at the inputs to our business. And, you know, we will offset those costs as necessary. So I think in terms of the longer term, you know, we as a company, we've got the highest ASP by far in the industry across the entire portfolio. We're 4 or 5x the industry average. and you know with each new generation of of innovation that we're bringing to market we capture we capture more value so actually in the the newer part of our the newer products in our portfolio those products are capturing more and more value and that's reflected in the ASPs and you know what's the stickiness I think was the other part of your question The answer very simply is very sticky because, you know, our products have very long life cycles and the most competitive part of the cycle for ADI is capturing the initial design. And when we get that design, substitution is effectively zero. Competitive substitution is effectively zero. So with a long product lifecycle portfolio, you know, I think we're we're in a strong position to hold the gains that we make.

Thank you.

Rich, did you want to?

Hey, Vivek, I'll just add, because I think the one of the questions you asked, the tactical pricing piece, which we talked about in the last quarter, actually came through as as expected in the results. So everything that was above the midpoint of our guide was actually due to volume, not incremental price. So the pricing played out as we expected. And if you think about a full year look of 26, the pricing actions that we've previously described will add a couple points to our growth rate in 26. Thank you.

Thanks. We'll take our next question, please. Certainly. And our next question comes from the line of Joe Moore from Morgan Stanley. your question, please.

Yeah, thank you. The 90% growth that you talked about in the data center portion of communications, can you kind of update us on growth trends within both the optical and power side of that, and just how should we think about growth there going forward if you're doing tuck-in acquisitions that can expand the TAM on the power side? Thank you.

Sure. So, I'll take that And so, as I mentioned, with the data center piece being 75% of our comms and the 90% growth, actually that is being fueled pretty much equally by similar growth rates across both the power and optical portfolios. So, those are both continuing to trend very well with strong orders and strong results in the quarter. You know, and given the momentum we're seeing, we really do expect this to continue to increase and be the fastest grower sequentially for us as we look out into the next quarter.

Thank you, Joe. We'll move on to our next question, please.

Certainly. And our next question comes from the line of Joshua Bucalter from TD Cowan. Your question, please.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my questions and congrats on the results. Maybe following up a little bit on Vivek's, could you walk through what's implied for gross margins in the fiscal third quarter?

Maybe, like, help us understand the levers across pricing mix and utilization.

I know there's the 50 basis points of inventory true-up that won't repeat, but how should we think about gross margins in the third quarter?

Thank you.

Thanks, Josh. So, you know, obviously starting with the 73% gross margin, which was even a little higher than we expected based on some better mix and utilization. And as I mentioned, the pricing impact was pretty much as expected. You know, for Q3, we are assuming about a 50 BIPs decline in gross margin, largely driven by the absence of that one-time benefit we got from repricing the channel during the prior quarter, obviously. And from a mixed perspective, we do expect it's likely to be a slight tailwind based on our outlook. While, as I mentioned previously, utilization is expected to be fairly neutral. You know, we don't see a ton of future upside on gross margin from utilization, given where we're running the factories today. So that's how we're thinking about it here in the near term, Josh. Thank you, Rich. Thanks, Josh.

Move on to our next caller, please.

Certainly. And our next question comes from the line of Matthew Prisco from Cantor. Your question, please.

Thanks for taking the question. I guess just how are you seeing the segments tracking into the July quarter today?

And maybe how are you thinking about the back half of the calendar year based on your visibility?

So, you know, I'll just start with a quick recap. Obviously, you know, for Q2, industrial came in as expected, right up 20% sequentially. And then we saw it upside everywhere else, notably in auto and data center. You know, one of the things we talked about is the continuing strength in data center. We're also starting to see better results than expected in auto. Consumer, you know, continues to show incredible resilience despite the consumer sentiment and some of the inflationary pressures. But as we look out, we do expect to see some impact there. So, if we look at what we think at the midpoint of the guide, what we expect to see in Q3 is continued above seasonal growth across industrial, automotive, and communication. So, from an industrial and automotive perspective, we'd expect to grow sort of mid to high single digits sequentially. From a comms perspective, we expect to be our fastest grower, up low to mid-teens sequentially. Consumers are expected to be down single digits sequentially for us based on some of the things I just described. And an important baked into that outlook is also a flat channel inventory weeks. You know, we don't tend to guide out, obviously, beyond the next quarter. But I will just remind you from a seasonality perspective, the fourth quarter for us is usually up in the low single digits. And so that's the best outlook we have right now for the back half of 26.

Thanks, Matt. We'll take our next question, please.

Thank you. And our next question comes to the line. That is Stacy Raskin from Bernstein Research. Your question, please.

Hi, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. I wanted to drill just a little bit more into the gross margins. So I understand the driver in the court. I understand the guidance. We've seen 53% in that range as sort of a likelihood, given utilizations are maxed. It sounds like if you're going to get more revenue upset from here, that would suggest that you're going to have to do more outsourcing, given the flexible manufacturing. I guess I'm just trying to – I guess is that logic correct, and is that sort of, I guess, the local peak on gross margins we ought to be thinking about? not at least in the near term on the current revenue trajectory.

Yeah, I actually think that's the right way to think about it. You know, near term, this is probably the right way to think about, you know, the guided gross margin is the right way to think about it. You know, obviously, you know, any more significant mix shift from a growth perspective could change that. But given where we see that outlook for Q3 and the potential trend into Q4, I think that's the right way to think about it.

Is data center higher gross margin? like industrial, or is it more in line, or is it lower, or what? That seems to be the biggest driver of mix.

Yeah, overall, the comms business, which includes that data center chunk, is an above corporate average business for us.

Thank you, guys.

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of William Stein from True Securities. Your question, please.

Great. Thanks for taking my question. Vince, I was sort of surprised by the Empower acquisition. I would have expected ADI's heritage strength there, but certainly its acquisitions of Linear, Maxim, by extension Volterra, would have provided the company a big advantage in sort of all the technical capabilities and power management. So what did Empower have that ADI decided was so special that it needed to acquire instead of developing it internally? Thank you.

Yeah, good question. So, I mean, first off, the power space is very dynamic. It has never been a stress from a technology portfolio standpoint for everybody. So, I mean, what did – so we're building intelligent power systems. We're using the breadth of the capabilities that we acquired, you know, over the Maxim and LTC eras. And, you know, our customers are putting enormous demands on us to solve their problems across the board, right from the ingress to the data center down to the chip. And, you know, the reason that we acquired Empower is that there was a gap in that portfolio and time is of the essence. And the biggest bottleneck that AI is creating for us today is we've got to solve for power density and delivery efficiency. And, you know, we have to move closer to the core of the problem, which is down at the XPU, the GPU, the CPU, and so on and so forth. And as I said, time is of the essence. um and uh you know the we bought some uh we're buying some critical and very very unique intellectual property the the uh integrated voltage reg and the capacitor technology these are critical building blocks and uh you know essential for adi to solve our problem to solve our customers problems on time uh and be able to catch the wave so um you know where we've been building a portfolio, a vertical power portfolio, that is the future, I believe, in terms of the raw architecture. And Empower gets us farther up the value chain more quickly to solve more problems more completely for our customers. That's essentially it. And, you know, there's a lot of new time that we capture with this technology as well. So it's highly complementary. Well, that's the that's the point in a space where performance demands are effectively uncut.

Great.

Thanks. Thanks, Will. Take our next question.

Certainly. And our next question comes from the line of Chris Kessel from Wolf Research. Your question, please.

Yes, thank you. If I could just follow up on Empower a bit as well. And can you can you speak? Is there any revenue associated with with that acquisition right now?

And, you know, I'm sure you're applying for the IP and the engineering team, but are there any design wins in the pipeline and, you know, when – maybe provide a timeline for when you would be – expect to be able to integrate that technology into the core of ADI's project line? so that was a lot of questions right uh well i'll start with you know you know if if they stay on the on their trajectory we will see some you know there'll be some amount of revenue um you know upon closing in in the back half of our year well it will certainly not be material to us uh in that regard but as mentioned it opens up a massive opportunity for extent you know you know significant revenue growth in the go forward, particularly as it relates to the IVR technology. So we would expect that to see. Do you have a perspective on the timeline, Vince, how fast we get there?

Yeah, I mean, we inherit a fairly small amount of revenue. So it's kind of in the post-revenue phase. But 27 is when we expect to start seeing the surge in demand. There's a lot of design-ins in terrain at this point in time. The combination of Empower with ADI's large manufacturing and go-to-market capabilities will enable us to get to more places more quickly and get into production much, much faster. So I think we'll see revenue, significant revenue, in 2027.

Thank you, Chris. Understood. That's good.

Thanks, Chris.

Take our next question, please.

Thank you. Our next question comes to the line of Tom O'Malley from Barclays. Your question, please.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I wanted to zoom in on auto a bit more stronger than expected. You're kind of hearing across the supply chain that coming out of the pandemic, you've moved from this kind of just in case and just in time mentality to switching to basically holding more inventory at tier ones and at OEMs. And I'm just curious, when you're looking at where the strength is coming from in auto today, are you seeing some restocking at those end customers? I've heard it's kind of a mixed bag. Some guys are above target. Some guys are materially below. Are you seeing this kind of phenomenon where guys are are slowly moving back to the, you know, to the to the range that you saw kind of prior to the pandemic? And then any area that you would call out specifically as a growth driver in auto, just given the broader backdrop being weaker, any areas specific to ADI that are a little bit stronger? I know that's a couple.

Thanks for the question, Tom. Great question. Maybe I'll give a little bit of a background on some of the detail, you know, some of the detail part of what we've seen growing and what we're seeing in our customer base. And I'll work my way down to your question about inventory, because that obviously is an area we pay a significant amount of attention to, you know, given some of the challenges companies had burning off the inventory. But, you know, as we look at our auto business, right, I think I've talked about this before, you know, it has compounded double digits for us for 10 plus years. In fact, it grows even faster over the last five years. And a lot of that is being driven by content gains or all of that's being really driven by content gains and share gains because of the units we've talked about haven't changed. Now, what's really important for us is, you know, our gains are in the ADAS and next gen infotainment systems. So you think about our products like GMSL, Functioning Safe Power and A to B. You know, those have been really important investments where we've continued to see a ton of growth. Now, we have talked about this in the past. We saw some tariff-related pull-ins back in 25 that we thought might weigh on our first half. We certainly saw that unfold in Q1 with the below-seasonal. And we were expecting, and I mentioned this on the last call, another below-seasonal quarter as a result. However, you know, it ended up favorable and reflected regular seasonality. And if you recall last quarter, and there was some skepticism, I think, we indicated a stronger second half and that we would grow auto in 26. That strength, which we were expecting to come through in our second half, came a bit sooner, right, led by a material pickup in China during the back part of the quarter. And that drove a significant part of our Q2 upside. You know, while China was still, you know, declined quarter over quarter, all of our other regions were up, including record performance in Europe and Japan, you know, which resulted in a record quarter for our automotive business. And back to the inventory question a little bit, you know, I was pleased to share for the first time in two years, we saw our BMS revenue grow up double digits year over year. And we are optimistic in continued growth for BMS driven by further EV penetration in Europe and China specifically. You know, and we continue to hear that the China penetration is increasing fast and that they're going to start deploying even higher levels of ADAS. We expect to see L3 ADAS in some of the China vehicles by the end of the year. So these are all strong, you know, positive things for us. And as we look out at Q3, right, we have record bookings, positive book to bill. And so we do expect to see above seasonal growth, sort of in that mid-high single digits. You know, we are pretty confident in the outlook for the rest of the year for us in auto. Now, on the inventory buildup question, we're not seeing that yet, right? After the digestion, which we talked about, particularly in BMS, we feel like automotive customers are fairly lean on inventory, at least the ones we talked to, and which is very supportive of our growth expectation going forward.

Thank you. We'll move on to our last question, please. Certainly. And our final question for today comes from the line of Tori Svonberg from Stifol. Your question, please.

Yes, thank you, I just have a quick follow-up, so I think there's increasing concerns about capacity, especially external capacity, you know, given what's happening on the digital side of things. So, you know, I don't know if you're willing to share with us, you know, numerically how much capacity you have internally and externally, meaning how much revenue you could generate, and, you know, how do you plan to grow that over the next few years, especially now that you're growing more than 30 percent. Thank you.

Yeah, so we've talked about the work we've done to double our internal capacity and obviously continue to expand our partnerships. And we are comfortable that we have the capacity to support, you know, up to the 20 billion that we've been talking about as part of our 2030 vision. And obviously, just as part of our normal refresh and CapEx management cycle, you know, we're continuing to look at opportunities for increased efficiency, but also opportunities to build some additional internal capacity as needed, right? That's just part of the normal dynamics we go through on the internal side. And then obviously externally, you know, we've got very strong relationships. And to date, you know, we have not had troubles expanding across that. You know, clearly, you know, there are more tightness in some of the nodes, but we have not yet been unable to get the capacity we've needed.

Yeah, Tori, we've been building both internally and externally optionality. Externally, we've put a lot of geographical optionality in play, which gives us more capacity plus the resiliency that our customers are looking for. So we still have a lot of upside on the current base revenue of ADI, both internally and externally.

Sounds good. Thank you.

Thanks, Tori. Thanks, Tori. All right. Thanks, everyone, for joining us today. A copy of this transcript will be available on our website, and all available reconciliations and additional information can also be found in the quarterly results section of our Investor Relations website, investor.analog.com. And thank you for your continued interest in analog devices.

Thank you, ladies and gentlemen, for your participation in today's conference. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect. Good day.