Good morning. My name is Abby, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Compass Minerals Fiscal 2022 Second Quarter Earnings Conference Call. Today's conference is being recorded, and all lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. Thank you. And I would now like to turn the conference over to Douglas Kris, Head of Investor Relations for Compass Minerals. Mr. Kris, you may begin your conference.

Thank you. Good morning, and welcome to the Compass Minerals fiscal 2022 second quarter earnings conference. Today, we will discuss our recent results and our outlook for fiscal 2022. We will begin with prepared remarks from our President and CEO, Kevin Crutchfield; and our CFO, Lorin Crenshaw. Joining in for the question-and-answer portion of the call will be George Schuller, our Chief Operations Officer; Jamie Standen, our Chief Commercial Officer; and Chris Yandell, our Head of Lithium. Before we get started, I want to remind everyone that the remarks we make today reflect the financial and operational outlook as of today's date, May 6, 2022. These outlooks entail inception and expectations that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause the company's actual results to differ materially. A discussion of these risks can be found in our SEC filings located online at investors.compassminerals.com. Our remarks today also include certain non-GAAP financial measures. You can find reconciliations of these items in our earnings release or in our presentation, both of which also are available online. The results in our earnings release issued last night and presented during this call reflect only the continuing operations of the business other than the amounts pertaining to condensed consolidated cash flows unless otherwise noted. The company's fiscal 2022 second quarter results and fiscal 2022 outlook in the earnings release and discussed during this earnings call reflect the previously announced change in fiscal year-end from December 31 to September 30. All year-over-year comparisons to fiscal 2022 second quarter results refer to the corresponding period ending March 31, 2021. I will now turn the call over to Kevin.

Thanks, Doug, and good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking time to join today. Since our last call, we've taken a number of actions as we continue to make progress against our strategic plan and prioritize our core assets. First, we completed the final step in our previously announced strategic exit from the South American market through the successful sale of our chemical business in Brazil. We also continue to advance engineering work on our lithium development project, increasing its expected ultimate annual production capacity as a result. In addition, we welcomed a new board member, Ed Dowling, who brings more than three decades of executive and board-level minerals extraction experience to Compass Minerals. And lastly, I'm very proud to share that our safety performance this past quarter was among our best since we began tracking our total case incident rate, or TCIR, which represents the total number of injuries for 200,000 exposure hours. As many of you have heard me emphasize before, our leadership team places no priority higher than the safety and well-being of our employees, and we continue to see exceptional safety improvements throughout the company. We finished the second quarter with a TCIR of just over one, reflecting a more than 50% improvement from the prior year quarter. We're maintaining focus on both engineering solutions and behavior safety training in order to minimize risk and to help ensure that every employee is provided a safe and healthy work environment and an optimal quality of life. Moving to our fiscal 2022 second quarter results we announced late yesterday. The quarter was certainly not without its challenges. Of numerous other companies across industries and supply chains, we continue to grapple mildly with severe, persistent, and sometimes unpredictable inflationary pressures across our business. We're also still managing through production headwinds at our Ogden solar evaporation facility, which produces our premium sulfate potash or SOP products. We shared details related to both of these issues in recent quarters, and they each continue to manifest themselves during the second quarter. With fuel surcharges soaring due to the ongoing crisis in Ukraine, while Ogden production levels have not met expectations. We believe these challenges will remain through the balance of the fiscal year. While not every facet is within our control, we are focused on executing strategies to reduce the impact of these impediments to our businesses, realizing their full potential. Against the difficult operating landscape, our management team and nearly 2,000 employees remain focused on operating cycle, maximizing the profitability of our businesses, serving our customers, and supporting the communities where we're privileged to operate. Going forward, we'll continue to actively seek opportunities to manage each value driver of our business to successfully navigate through these challenging times and toward more normalized salt segment profitability levels and plant nutrition production levels. With that high-level framing, I'll now spend a few minutes briefly summarizing our fiscal 2022 second quarter performance. Then I'll discuss the short and intermediate-term steps we're taking in an effort to pursue profitability of our business. Finally, I'll provide a brief update on our efforts to progress our lithium growth opportunities. As reported in our earnings release yesterday, second quarter revenue was approximately $449 million, up 5% year-over-year, primarily driven by volume gains in our salt business. While our top-line results showed year-over-year improvement, profitability was negatively impacted primarily by the continued inflationary pressures on distribution and production costs in our salt segment and continued production challenges in plant nutrition that I referenced previously. As a result, despite a relatively average winter season, our consolidated adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter declined by approximately 42% year-over-year to $65 million, reflecting an adjusted EBITDA margin of 14%, which is entirely unacceptable as it's considerably below what I believe is the normalized earnings potential of this business. In our salt segment, revenue grew by approximately 6% year-over-year on higher sales volume, reflecting substantial growth in our North American bid season commitments and improved pricing in our consumer and industrial businesses. However, this top-line growth was more than offset by significant cost pressures we've encountered, resulting in salt segment EBITDA for the second quarter declining by approximately 40% year-over-year to $66 million. A key area where we've seen greater cost pressure than anticipated during our last earnings call has been distribution costs in our salt business, specifically escalating fuel surcharges in connection with the recent sharp increase in oil prices. Transportation and handling costs make up a significant component, approximately 40% on a per-ton basis of the total delivered product costs for our salt products. For example, we contract bulk shipping vessels, barges, trucking, and rail services to move our products from our production facilities to distribution outlets and customers. The loan mix for the salt segment of calendar 2021, inclusive of transfers required to reach the final destination was approximately 45% truck, 37% vessel, 15% barge, and 3% railcar. The cost of each of these modes is impacted when oil prices rise, as the underlying contract architecture allows our service providers to pass through fuel surcharge. In contrast, this is not a cost that we're able to pass on within our North American highway deicing business given the structure of those contracts until the next bidding season. In just one category of these increased costs, the recent oil price surge has caused fuel surcharges to rise meaningfully during the quarter across all modes and represents intensifying inflationary pressures we've been continuing with since last quarter. To combat these pressures, in the C&I segment, we're working to recapture these costs during negotiations with our customers and are endeavoring to do the same thing during our North American highway bid season. While we do not expect to see meaningful recoupment of fuel costs in our North American highway business until our next fiscal year, we're committed to broad steps to return historic profitability levels within our salt business. Our approach for the bid season is to work to secure geographies where we believe we can harness our logistics efficiency and capture margin. Through our improved production profile at Goderich, we also now have greater agility to adjust that production up or down as market demand requires, and we plan to do so. We expect these steps will help ensure a fair value for our central products, thereby hopefully increasing profitability. Our Plant Nutrition segment EBITDA of $30 million, down 6% year-over-year as the favorable price impact of high global fertilizer market conditions was offset by higher unit costs and lower sales volumes constrained by our reduced inventory levels. Our current expectation is that these trends in fertilizer supply-demand and our limited inventory available for sale are likely to persist for the balance of the year. As we've highlighted in the past several quarters, our SOP production based solar evaporation process has been under pressure from the persistent weather events over the last several years, namely drought and limited snowpack. The impact of this weather has an adverse effect on the SOP process due to the fine balance of the pond chemistry required for the specialized product. It does not meaningfully impact our salt or magnesium chloride production. It's also not expected to impact our future lithium production at the site. We've been acutely focused on implementing both short and long-term solutions to this challenge to our SOP production. In the near term, we're in the process of further refining engineering controls, such as raising our dikes for optimal deposition of potassium levels at our ponds and upgrading pumping systems, while our operational team continues to aggressively manage against the lower potassium component in our harvest year-to-date. For the longer term, we've undertaken a detailed holistic review of our end-to-end process to minimize the impact to our pond chemistry and ultimately ensure stable SOP production levels. It's also important to note that historically, we've regularly managed through periods of local capacity concentration in our solar evaporation season and offset the variability of nature by automating that lower-quality feedstock with MOP when it's been cost-effective to do so. Switching gears to portfolio management, the recent closing of the sale of our South American Chemicals business represents another significant step in the prioritization of our core assets. With the sale, we've now completed the divestment of all of our businesses in that region and successfully completed this phase of the reshaping of our portfolio. We also recently received a maximum possible $18.5 million earnout related to the sale of our South American Plant Nutrition business to ICL last year. Proceeds from these two events have enabled us to continue our debt reduction. Specifically, upon applying the combined net proceeds toward reducing our debt outstanding, we will have reduced our total debt outstanding by approximately $476 million or approximately 35% from December 31, 2021. We remain mindful of our leverage and expect starting the next fiscal year, a substantial amount of leverage reduction to come from restoring the profitability of our business, which we believe is currently earning well beneath its potential due to the factors I've already discussed. I would now like to turn our strategic growth initiatives toward lithium. In early March, we announced an increased projected annual production capacity of our lithium development opportunity by roughly 60% at the midpoint from 20,000 to 25,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent or LCE to a new projection of 30,000 to 40,000 metric tons LCE. Additionally, we shared our plans to achieve this annual capacity target in a phased approach, with initial commercial production capacity above 50,000 metric tons LCE projected to come online by 2025. These updates to the projects were informed by our engineering assessment, which has entailed multiple valuation scenarios from the project. It's important to recognize that the scope of our operations in Ogden, Utah, along with leaseholding water rights and infrastructure we already have in place, provide us with a wide range of production options. Specifically, our solar evaporation ponds are located on both the east and west side of the Great Salt Lake, with the west side of the complex connected to our east ponds by a 21-mile underwater hydraulic channel. Our current thinking is the advancement of our lithium project will occur over the course of two distinct development phases. Production of the initial 10,000 tons LCE would commence on the east side, which is where much of our existing infrastructure is currently located. This will be considered Phase 1. This phase of the project would include a direct lithium extraction (DLE) processing facility and a conversion plant designed for either lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate production. Phase 2 of our development provides the potential to build an additional DLE processing facility and conversion plant to produce incremental 20,000 to 30,000 LCE likely on the west side of our Ogden facility. This phased approach is a function of the inherent nature of the significant assets we have the privilege of owning in our region. It also has the potential benefit of de-risking the project from an engineering perspective by allowing us to scale into our production profile. It additionally de-risks the project from a financial perspective by reducing our initial capital outlay and creating the prospect of cash flows associated with Phase 1 helping defer the capital requirements on Phase 2. Overall, we continue to believe we are well positioned to serve the widely forecasted increase in market demand for battery-grade lithium and remain on track to reach previously announced critical project milestones during the summer of 2022. These include a selection and announcement of a DLE technology provider, disclosure of a completed frontend engineering and design (FEED) estimate of operating cost and capital, and completion of the initial life cycle analysis. We remain confident we're on a prudent path to advance this potentially high-returning initiative via a range of funding options, including, but not limited to, project-level finance partners and offtake agreements. We look forward to sharing additional information later this summer and in the coming quarters. In closing, our organic growth strategy is focused on leveraging our core advantaged assets, extraction capabilities, and logistics expertise to address areas where we expect increased earnings power, thereby recalibrating our weather dependency over time. Ultimately, these identified opportunities are designed to expand our essential mineral portfolio to comprise core pillars: salt, plant nutrition, lithium, and fire retardants. As we progress toward our stated objectives, we plan to manage each of the key value drivers of our business with a key focus on mitigating the effects of the current highly inflationary environment. Now I'm going to turn it over to Lorin, who will discuss in more detail our financial performance and our updated outlook for fiscal 2022.

Thanks, Kevin. Consolidated revenue was $448.5 million for the second quarter of fiscal '22, up 5% year-over-year, primarily driven by higher sales volumes in our North American highway business and favorable pricing in our Plant Nutrition segment, where pricing rose 28% year-over-year. And within our Consumer and Industrial business, where pricing was up 9% year-over-year. Despite the revenue increase, our consolidated operating earnings declined to $20 million and adjusted EBITDA declined to $64.8 million or by 42% year-over-year, as upward pressure on distribution and production costs within the Salt segment and higher SOP production costs more than offset favorable plant nutrition pricing. From a profitability perspective, consolidated operating margins for the quarter were 4.5% and adjusted EBITDA margins were 14.5%. On a segment basis, Salt revenue totaled $391.3 million, up 6% year-over-year, driven by 6% higher sales volume. Specifically, highway deicing volumes rose 6% year-over-year, primarily reflecting higher commitment levels achieved during last year's bid season. Consumer and Industrial sales volumes increased 8% year-over-year based on strength in both the icing and non-deicing products. Salt segment average selling prices were relatively flat year-over-year, reflecting a 3% decline in highway deicing sales price, offset by a 9% increase in consumer and industrial average sales price. In our Consumer and Industrial business, broad-based price increases continue to be implemented across most product categories, primarily in response to the high inflation environment, enabling us to recoup a portion of the overall inflation-related drag on our profitability. Despite higher revenue, Salt operating earnings declined 46% year-over-year to $49.3 million, while EBITDA declined 40% to $65.5 million. Both results primarily reflect the effects of inflation on distribution and production costs and the impact of lower pricing. From a cost perspective, of the approximately $9 drop in EBITDA and operating profit per ton year-over-year, roughly $6 or two-thirds was driven by higher shipping and handling costs, which rose 25% to roughly $29 per ton, and roughly $3 or one-third was driven by higher cash costs, up 13% to roughly $32 per ton. The increase in per unit shipping and handling costs primarily reflected inflationary impacts such as fuel surcharges and higher costs to serve our markets due to geographic mix and the impact of the inflation we saw last quarter continuing to flow through our P&L. The increase in per unit cash cost was primarily driven by inflationary impacts and unfavorable mix. We don't expect these inflationary pressures to subside through the balance of the current fiscal year. As the nature of our North American highway deicing contract structure with various states and municipalities does not permit the pass-through of inflationary costs such as fuel surcharges on a midyear basis. Overall, the challenges impacting our Salt segment profitability during the period were primarily related to cost pressures and not weather, as we experienced above-average second-quarter winter weather activity in our North American served market compared to the 10-year historical average. Despite snow events during the quarter tracking above average, our estimate of the net impact of weather on our operating profits was slightly negative, reflecting below average sales to commitment ratios within our markets. Historically, our experience has been that several factors can drive relatively low sales to commitment ratios despite relatively normal snowing events, including the timing, severity, and exact location of snow events and customer inventory levels. Turning to our Plant Nutrition segment, revenue for the second quarter rose 1% to $54.3 million year-over-year despite 21% lower volume on higher pricing. Specifically, the average sales price for our SOP products rose 12% sequentially to $736 per ton and was up 28% year-over-year, reflecting the supply/demand dynamics impacting the global fertilizer sector at this time. Operating earnings were $4.4 million and EBITDA was $13.2 million, down 6% year-over-year. The unfavorable impact of lower production volumes on sales and per-unit cash costs more than offset higher average selling prices. From a balance sheet perspective, we ended the quarter with net debt of $867 million, down $47 million from our 2021 fiscal year-end, with net leverage of approximately four times, as defined under our credit agreement, which includes EBITDA from discontinued operations. As Kevin referenced, the combined net proceeds related to the recent sale of our South American Chemicals business and the earn-out related to the prior sale of the South American Plant Nutrition business, both of which occurred in April, were immediately applied to debt reduction, further improving our debt profile. Nevertheless, in the coming months, we will proactively engage in discussions with our bank group with the aim of amending our net leverage covenant to provide sufficient flexibility as we continue to manage through this period, during which our businesses are performing below what we believe to be their potential. Finally, an attractive feature of the debt portion of our capital structure that we often underscore is that beyond our accounts receivable securitization facility, which matures next summer, we have no debt maturities prior to 2024, as detailed on slide eight of the accompanying earnings presentation. Overall, our financial flexibility with over $300 million of liquidity as of quarter-end and a balanced manageable debt maturity profile gives us confidence in our ability to manage through the current period with the ultimate restoration of the profitability of our salt business expected to drive the next leg of deleveraging. Now turning to our outlook for the balance of the year. Largely due to the order of magnitude of the escalation in fuel surcharges across all transportation modes in our Salt segment, in particular, and the continuation of SOP production yield challenges resulting in higher-than-expected fixed costs and lower-than-expected sales volumes. We have lowered our projected fiscal '22 consolidated adjusted EBITDA to a range of $170 million to $200 million from our previously announced range of $200 million to $235 million. These impacts are expected to only be partially offset by higher pricing in Plant Nutrition and targeted productivity initiatives. Specifically, we are introducing second-half fiscal '22 Salt segment adjusted EBITDA guidance in the range of $60 million to $75 million, down from our expectation at the time of our February earnings call, and second-half Plant Nutrition segment adjusted EBITDA guidance in the range of $25 million to $35 million, roughly in line with our February outlook, reflecting our expectation that the substantially higher-than-expected SOP pricing will be largely offset by lower-than-expected sales and higher-than-expected unit costs due to the lower production levels at our Ogden facility. As we consider the range of our revised adjusted EBITDA guidance, among the key drivers of potential upside or downside to the midpoint of that range for the balance of the year are the same themes that have weighed so heavily on our first half results, including production yield rates at our Ogden facility, the impact of global fertilizer market dynamics on ultimate SOP average selling price levels and sales volumes, and the direction of the trend in inflationary pressures on key inputs, including whether oil prices average around current levels, rise, or fall through the balance of the fiscal year. In the face of a challenging operating environment we are experiencing. In the short run, we are executing targeted productivity initiatives to partially offset the cost pressures we have encountered year-to-date. Specifically, in addition to raising prices in markets where that's possible and where contracts allow, we are also tightening our belt from a fixed-cost perspective by taking actions expected to result in lower plant operating costs and selling and administrative expenses. Looking further out and into the next fiscal year. Within our Consumer and Industrial business, we expect to continue to leverage the flexibility we have to pass through inflationary costs on a more expedited basis. With regard to our North American highway deicing business, as we have previously stated, this season process is our only meaningful opportunity to pass along the higher costs we are experiencing. With that in mind, in our approach to this year's bidding season, in addition to restoring profitability by recapturing the significant inflationary pressures we have faced this year, our focus is on capturing margin by recalibrating our business mix even further toward geographies where we have natural competitive advantages, even if that entails curtailing production volumes by whatever degree is necessary. In executing our bidding and production strategy, our focus will be to carefully balance our commitment to serving our customers when and where it matters with the need to maximize profitability and minimize sub-optimal logistics moves and the associated costs. From a capital spending perspective, though we continue to re-examine certain areas that may provide for potential further reductions, our fiscal '22 full-year guidance remains $100 million to $110 million, which was lower by $25 million last quarter. Finally, with the reduced EBITDA expectations for the year driven by lower U.S. income, we have recorded additional non-cash tax expenses in the form of valuation allowances against certain U.S. deferred tax assets. Our effective tax rate for the year is approximately 30%, excluding the additional expense from the valuation allowances and a negative 227%, including those expenses. We are likely to take additional of those smaller allowances in each of the next two quarters, assuming our earnings outlook tracks in line with our current expectations. With that, I will turn it back to the operator to open the lines for the Q&A session.

Hi, good morning. This is David Huang here for Dave. I guess, first, can you talk about your early thoughts on HDI salt pricing for next winter? And specifically, do you expect to fully offset the inflationary pressure when the contracts reset?

Yeah, good morning. I'll take a quick stab at that, and Jamie may want to add some color. But we're only about, I don't know, roughly 10% or so into the bid season. And I think we weren't the only ones that were impacted by these inflationary costs that we absorbed. And the early sense is that there's enough value in the market to make an earnest attempt at recapturing those costs. And additionally, as we've talked about before, part of our strategy is also to reposition our portfolio to serve markets that are more natural to us, where we have a competitive advantage. So we feel pretty optimistic about how things are setting up so far. Any further comment, Jamie?

No, that covers it. Thanks.

And thank you. And then second, can you also discuss how the salt unit production costs will trend in the second half and maybe into next year?

What you saw during this particular quarter was about a $9 delta in terms of the operating profits per ton. About two-thirds of that related to distribution costs and one-third related to cash cost. We expect those trends to continue for the balance of the year, I would say, comparable increment in the back half of the year. As Kevin just indicated, we would expect to restore the profitability through this upcoming bidding season, but that will not be reflected in the second half of the year.

Thanks for taking my questions. Good morning, everyone. Just wanted to ask, if we see oil prices have a similar fall to how quickly they rose in the next fiscal year, would your contracts basically stay flat from a price standpoint, meaning that would all fall to the bottom line? Or are there, I guess, de-inflation de-escalators in those deals?

Seth, this is Jamie. I would say that as it relates to highway deicing, we will set fixed contract prices through the summer through our bid season. So to the extent next winter, fuel prices fall and fuel surcharges fall, we would capture that benefit for sure. When you talk about our C&I business or Plant Nutrition, there's a bit more variability, meaning we can capture some of that through price, but over the history of the business, as we've implemented the recapturing of fuel surcharges in both C&I and Plant Nutrition, when fuel prices fall, we tend to hold on to that and capture some value there as well.

Okay. Okay. I appreciate the details. And looking at SOP, do the pond systems work such that you really can't do much within a year to increase production, but next year's harvest could potentially be better if the weather turns out to be better than expected? Or I guess, any details you can give us to help us think about how weather can impact future production will be appreciated.

Yeah, good question. And it does vary sort of season by season, and you need to tend to think of it in those terms. But our issue has been the ability to maintain a continuous flow of brine into our western center ponds just given the drought and the lake levels, exacerbated also by lack of access to fresh water. We put plans in place to begin resolving those issues in addition to a couple of things I mentioned in the script—raising the dikes, et cetera. So we believe the efforts that we're taking will lead to a longer-term, more sustainable, predictable, reliable set of production values coming out of Ogden, but this is going to take a while. I think we're confident we've got our hands around the issues and we know what to do. But it's going to take a while to kind of work through. Any color you'd like to add to that, George?

No. Look, Kevin, I think you highlighted the majority of it. Again, it's really been around a persistent drought and limited snowpack that we've seen over the last few years. And those factors that you referenced in the summertime, whether it's wind, whether it's temperature, those types of things can drop out other minerals throughout the pond system at a different time, mostly magnesium, which then makes it a challenge. So again, it's just making sure that we drop it out at the right place, but I think you covered the majority of it, Kevin. Thank you.

All right. Thanks for taking my questions.

Thank you.

Hi. Good morning, everyone.

Hey, Joel.

Just following up on that topic. I mean, obviously, since Compass put in, on a decade ago, the expansion, hoping to get 350 upon based SOP every year. The thing just never worked, right? You had lots of problems with the plant, crystallize the evaporator. I don't really remember, Kevin, if was under you or the prior CEO. I think you went into a fix on the plants, but you're still not getting these yields 10 years later. So what's been done? And are we just going to have to face sub-200,000-ton production forever, and that's just the way it is?

Yes…

Joel, this is George Schuller. I'll take a shot at that. And look, there’s no question it's the balance of pond chemistry required out of that operation. But really, our first mode of attack under Kevin's leadership was we went to our immediate controllable factors, which was really around the operational efficiency and reliability of the plant. So again, we spent quite a bit of time really trying to focus on that and really what that might look like. But what we've switched to over the last, I'd say, six to eight months is more around both short and long-term solutions. And those solutions are really more around the short term being around some engineering controls and designs such as raising our dikes to help optimize our pond chemistry and our pumping systems. But the longer term, what we've done is taken a holistic end-to-end process designed to optimize this. Again, when I go back and I reference the snowpack and the effects of the drought, those things have a profound effect actually on the pond chemistry and how you actually drop out those minerals as you go through. So as Kevin highlighted, I do think we've got our hands around that. I know you probably say, well, it's been several years. But it is, again, this is 55,000 acres of ponds out there. It's literally mild. So again, it's pretty critical on where we are. And also keep in mind when you talk about some of those high numbers that are out there historically, we've actually got potassium chloride into that process to augment that and make sure those tons stay up. We've been trying to do this from a pond-based system only because of the current price of the MOP. But again, from what I do say, I do think we have our hands around it and heading in the right direction.

Hi, Joel, let me just add that the plant will do what it is designed to do. You just have to feed it what it's designed for. And that's been the issue is, I will call it kind of on the outbound side or the upstream side—you've got to control that pond chemistry to feed that plant what it wants. It will do whatever number we need it to. But what we've got to do is fix the chemistry on the inbound side. And that's what we're working on.

And Joel, one more—Kevin, one more thing I'll add to that, too, is everything we do and adjust, keep in mind, Joel, that it's a two to three-year process. So every adjustment we make is—you don't see it like in one month or three months; it actually takes that time to run that brine through the entire pond process to get it from salt to magnesium chloride with SOP being in the middle. Thank you.

Okay. Following up that and also bridging into lithium here. So if I understand with now the East and the West split plan, the first part of my question would be, so we're talking about, I guess, two different DLE technologies that would be needed for the 10,000-ton East plant and the follow-on later on West plant. And I guess that's because the assets, the lithium resources you're tapping into are a little bit different. And then just trying to layer on what we just talked about on SOP because of the issue with pond chemistry and the variability year-to-year and not necessarily getting the right feed into the plant, how is that going to play into your lithium? You're not going to have a consistent speed in lithium plan? And will the DLE technologies be—which have a lot of questions around them—sufficient enough to handle fed variability?

Let me tackle the second one first, Joel. We don't think of anything we've seen thus far; we don't believe this is going to affect our ability to extract the lithium ions through the DLE technology. So I don't know what to say beyond that. That's what we believe. And then with respect to the East versus West side, it's possible you use two different sets of DLE, but it's not likely. I think the more likely case is we use one DLE technology because the chemistry is not that different from side to side. But Chris, would you want to add anything to that?

Sure. Thanks, Kevin. I think, Joel, as we look at it, to caveat it to the two different DLE technologies. And really, there's an aspect of DLE technology and then what you do for the conversion side. So you can convert from DLE to carbonate to hydroxide or to hydroxide into carbonate. So it really just stands on that, what you decide to do from a conversion aspect. Currently, we look at running our DLE pilots, and they continue to prove out. They meet target requirements for lithium recovery and magnesium rejection. And that really speaks to some of the impurities that you alluded to as well, right? So the design is really to get the lithium and reject the impurity. So as we see additional impurity around usually magnesium, the DLE system should be designed to reject that. We think that the path of our own with regards to the pilots are both solid choices for the DLE technology. I think what you also look at is our continued evaluation of those technologies, but they speak to the rigor that we're assigning to the process that informs our decision. So our final technology options are both proven effective and the goal over the next few months is to pressure test these technologies in the areas of scalability and reliability.

Thank you.

Thanks, Joel.

Yes. Good morning, everyone. How are you doing? On the salt, looking ahead of the bid season, maybe order of magnitude on your average ton, what sort of price increase would you need to get to offset current fuel surcharges or inflation in transportation at this point, on average across the whole book of business?

Yes. I would start by just saying that when we think about sort of our go-get and what we feel we feel entitled to, if you look back at the operating profit per ton on this business, we're about $5 away at least from where we ought to be. And that would translate into $50 million to $60 million of value at least. I don't think it'd be prudent to back into what the respective price would be because there are several ways that I'd like Jamie to elaborate on for us to get that and more; it's not just price. It's about optimizing the mix as well. But Jamie, maybe you could elaborate on what our goals are. We approach this bidding season.

Thanks, Lorin. And Lorin did a good job of summing it up in his prepared remarks in terms of our strategy this season. But it's winning the right tons that make the most logical sense for us, the ones that are easiest to serve. And so it's not just about average selling prices; it's about netbacks. So our focus this season is on optimizing the netback for every ton that we produce. And that could mean a significant shift in our portfolio from last year in terms of states and municipalities that we're going to serve as we go through this bid season. We're definitely optimistic about the value per ton or margin per ton that we're seeing thus far. And I think it bodes well for the bid season as a whole and how the 2023 Salt segment will look. The other thing is we've mentioned it a couple of times today and particularly in prepared remarks, that if we need to dial back Goderich a little bit, we're willing to do that. The mine is running great. We've got some opportunities to do that efficiently to toggle it up and toggle it down. So again, we're very focused on value per ton and are optimistic and feeling pretty confident about how the bid season is going to unfold.

In the past, I'm sure companies many times talked about optimizing that netback. Is the reason that—did the company go away from that? Or is it just—it's not a static thing? Is that because the cost of the different transportation systems shift every year in geographies and things like that? Or is it just something that you had to focus on this much more recently you need to get back to it. What—is there—can you provide any color there?

Yes, I would just make just a small comment. As we got Goderich back up running as it should, as it's capable. While we were doing that, we were recapturing some share that we had previously lost. So we feel like that's completely behind us. We feel like we have the right balance now and that means you can really zero in on optimizing the portfolio and winning the tons that make the most sense for us.

Yeah, I would expect to see a pretty significant portfolio restructuring after this bid season concludes to Jamie's point to optimize and maximize around natural competitive advantaged markets and less worried about placing that incremental volume of tons now that George and his team have Goderich operating so well.

So I had trouble getting a little bit of what you were asking, Chris. But as it relates to our highway deicing contracts, it's in general, fixed price, fixed delivered price. So when we're bidding through the summer, like last summer, we had an expectation of what fuel would look like during the season. And obviously, it was wrong. Fuel has been much, much higher than we anticipated. Even when we were sitting in the fall in September, we were thinking about Brent crude at $75, $76 a ton. We're thinking about Brent crude right now at $115 a ton kind of as we get through this summer and we're taking a view on it next winter as well. So we don't have the ability to pass through fuel surcharges here in North America. The governments and municipalities run the process and have terms that we bid on, and they don't incorporate fuel. It's a fixed delivered price and we have—that's why it's very important this bid season to understand, take the appropriate view on fuel next year, the appropriate view on truck transportation, barge, and vessel as well and base our bids on that and recapture that value and really focus on improving our margins as we go into 2023. And I would just add, there are any number of factors that could have offset those savings the last time oil prices came off, plus the contract architecture hasn't changed. It is what Jamie just expressed.

And this concludes our question-and-answer session today. I will now turn the call back to Mr. Kevin Crutchfield for closing remarks.

Thanks, everybody, again, for participating today. We really do value your time and feedback and appreciate the opportunity to engage with each of you as we continue navigating our strategic path forward, and we'll keep you updated. Thank you.

And this concludes today's conference call. We thank you for your participation, and you may now disconnect.