DarkHorse Technologies Inc F-3, filed Aug 26, 2021

DarkHorse Technologies Inc. (DRK)

F-3 2021-08-26

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Added on October 21, 2026

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Title of each class of securities to be registered(1)		Proposed maximum aggregate offering price(2)(3)		Amount of registration fee(3)
Common Shares, no par value per share
Preferred Shares, no par value per share
Debt Securities
Warrants
Units
Total	$	250,000,000	$	27,275

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT US	2
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE	3
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	4
OUR COMPANY	5
DESCRIPTION OF GRYPHON DIGITAL MINING, INC.	8
RISK FACTORS	12
USE OF PROCEEDS	31
CAPITALIZATION	31
DILUTION	31
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES	31
TAXATION	31
DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL	32
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON SHARES	48
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED SHARES	48
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES	49
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS	51
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS	53
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	53
EXPENSES	56
LEGAL MATTERS	56
EXPERTS	56

	●	our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on April 9, 2021 (the “2020 Annual Report”);
	●	our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K dated April 12, 2021; April 23, 2021; April 27, 2021; May 12, 2021; May 12, 2021; May 14, 2021; May 25, 2021; May 27, 2021; June 3, 2021; June 9, 2021; July 15, 2021; August 6, 2021; August 16, 2021; August 16, 2021; August 25, 2021; and August 26, 2021; and

	●	with respect to each offering of the securities under this prospectus, all of our subsequent annual reports on Form 20-F and any report on Form 6-K that indicates that it is being incorporated by reference that we file or furnish with the SEC on or after the date on which the registration statement is first filed with the SEC and until the termination or completion of the offering by means of this prospectus.

	●	our mission and strategies;

	●	our future business development, financial condition and results of operations;

	●	our proposed merger with Gryphon Digital Mining, Inc.

	●	our expectations regarding demand for and market acceptance of our products and services;

	●	our expectations regarding our relationships with borrowers and institutional partners;

	●	competition in our industry;

	●	relevant government policies and regulations relating to our industry and the industry of any companies that we may acquire; and

	●	the impact of COVID-19.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Disk systems	$	2,347	$	3,086	$	6,108
Service		2,501		2,493		2,922
Total	$	4,848	$	5,579	$	9,030

	Year Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Americas	$	4,844	$	5,023	$	8,044
APAC		—		356		534
EMEA		4		200		452
Total	$	4,848	$	5,579	$	9,030

Name of subsidiary		Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization
Sphere 3D Inc.		Ontario, Canada
V3 Systems Holdings, Inc.		Delaware, United States
HVE Inc.		Delaware, United States
101250 Investments Ltd.		Turks & Caicos Islands
S3D Nevada Inc.		Nevada, United States
Sphere GDM Corp.		Delaware, United States
Minority Equality Opportunities Acquisition Sponsor, LLC		Delaware, United States
Sustainable Earth Acquisition Opportunities Sponsor, LLC		Delaware, United States

Name	Position	Age	Term of Office
Rob Chang	Chief Executive Officer and Director	43	From January 14, 2021
Dan Tolhurst	President and Director	40	From October 22, 2020
Brittany Kaiser	Director	33	From December 21, 2020
Richard Cooperstein	Director	55	From December 10, 2020
Joseph Nejman	Director	41	From December 10, 2020

	●	complexities associated with managing the combined businesses, including difficulty addressing possible differences in corporate cultures and management philosophies and the challenge of integrating different assets of each of the companies in a seamless manner that minimizes any adverse impact on customers, clients, employees, lenders, and other constituencies;

	●	the loss of key employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and partners;

	●	insufficient capital and liquidity to achieve the business plan;

	●	the inability of the combined company to meet its cost expectations; and

	●	warrants to purchase common shares, preferred shares or debt securities; and

	●	units.

	●	Articles of Amendment dated July 13, 2021

	●	Articles of Amendment dated January 4, 2021

	●	Articles of Amendment dated September 29, 2020

	●	Articles of Amendment dated May 6, 2020;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated November 6, 2019;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated July 12, 2019;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated November 13, 2018;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated November 5, 2018;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated September 28, 2018;

	●	Articles of Amendment dated July 11, 2017;

	●	Articles of Amalgamation dated March 24, 2015;

	●	By-law No. 1, as amended; and

	●	By-law No. 2.

	●	The series H preferred shares are convertible, provided (and only if and to the extent) that prior shareholder approval of the issuance of all common shares issuable upon conversion of the series H preferred shares has been obtained in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, at any time from time to time, at the option of the holder thereof, into 1,000 common shares for every series H preferred share. Each holder may convert such holders series H preferred shares provided that after such conversion the common shares issuable, together with all the common shares held by the shareholder in the aggregate, would not exceed 9.99% of the total number of outstanding common shares.

	●	The holders of series H preferred shares are not entitled to receive dividends and are not entitled to voting rights.

	●	Warrants to purchase 2,000,000 common shares until the third anniversary of the date that shareholders approve the issuance of the warrant and the warrant shares issuable upon exercise of the warrant at an initial exercise price of $4.00 per share, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, combinations or the like of common shares.

	●	Warrants to purchase 224,000 common shares until May 27, 2026 at an initial exercise price of $1.375 per share, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, combinations or the like of common shares. This warrant is not exercisable until November 27, 2021.

Delaware		Ontario

Stockholder/Shareholder Approval of Business Combinations; Fundamental Changes

Under the DGCL, certain fundamental changes such as amendments to the certificate of incorporation (subject to certain exceptions), a merger, consolidation, sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the property of a corporation, or a dissolution of the corporation, are generally required to be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock entitled to vote on the matter, unless the certificate of incorporation requires a higher percentage. However, under the DGCL, mergers in which, among other requirements, less than 20% of a corporation’s stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective date of the merger is issued generally do not require stockholder approval. In addition, mergers in which one corporation owns 90% or more of each class of stock of a second corporation may be completed without the vote of the second corporation’s board of directors or stockholders. In certain situations, the approval of a business combination may require approval by a certain number of the holders of a class or series of shares. In addition, Section 251(h) of the DGCL provides that stockholders of a constituent corporation need not vote to approve a merger if: (1) the merger agreement permits or requires the merger to be effected under Section 251(h) and provides that the merger shall be effected as soon as practicable following the tender offer or exchange offer, (2) a corporation consummates a tender or exchange offer for any and all of the outstanding stock of such constituent corporation that would otherwise be entitled to vote to approve the merger, (3) following the consummation of the offer, the stock accepted for purchase or exchanges plus the stock owned by the consummating corporation equals at least the percentage of stock that would be required to adopt the agreement of merger under the DGCL, (4) the corporation consummating the offer merges with or into such constituent corporation, and (5) each outstanding share of each class or series of stock of the constituent corporation that was the subject of and not irrevocably accepted for purchase or exchange in the offer is to be converted in the merger into, or the right to receive, the same consideration to be paid for the shares of such class or series of stock of the constituent corporation irrevocably purchased or exchanged in such offer. The DGCL does not contain a procedure comparable to a plan of arrangement under the OBCA.		Under the OBCA, certain extraordinary corporate actions including: amalgamations; arrangements; continuances; sales, leases or exchanges of all or substantially all of the property of a corporation; liquidations and dissolutions are required to be approved by special resolution. A “special resolution” is a resolution (i) submitted to a special meeting of the shareholders of a corporation duly called for the purpose of considering the resolution and passed at the meeting by at least two-thirds of the votes cast, or (ii) consented to in writing by each shareholder of the corporation entitled to vote on the resolution. In the case of an offering company, an “ordinary resolution” is a resolution that is submitted to a meeting of the shareholders of a corporation and passed, with or without amendment, at the meeting by at least a majority of the votes cast, in person or by proxy. Under the OBCA, shareholders of a class or series of shares are entitled to vote separately as a class in the event of certain transactions that affect holders of the class or series of shares in a manner different from the shares of another class or series of the corporation, whether or not such shares otherwise carry the right to vote. Under the OBCA, arrangements are permitted. An arrangement may include an amalgamation, a transfer of all or substantially all the property of the corporation, and a liquidation and dissolution of a corporation. In general, a plan of arrangement is approved by a corporation’s board of directors and then is submitted to a court for approval. It is customary for a corporation in such circumstances to apply to a court initially for an interim order governing various procedural matters prior to calling any security holder meeting to consider the proposed arrangement. Arrangements must generally be approved by a special resolution of shareholders. The court may, in respect of an arrangement proposed with persons other than shareholders and creditors, require that those persons approve the arrangement in the manner and to the extent required by the court. The court determines, among other things, to whom notice shall be given and whether, and in what manner, approval of any person is to be obtained and also determines whether any shareholders may dissent from the proposed arrangement and receive payment of the fair value of their shares. Following compliance with the procedural steps contemplated in any such interim order (including as to obtaining security holder approval), the court would conduct a final hearing, which would, among other things, assess the fairness and reasonableness of the arrangement and approve or reject the proposed arrangement.

Delaware		Ontario

Special Vote Required for Combinations with Interested Stockholders/Shareholders

Delaware		Ontario

Appraisal Rights; Rights to Dissent; Compulsory Acquisition

Under the DGCL, a stockholder of a corporation participating in certain major corporate transactions may, under varying circumstances, be entitled to appraisal rights pursuant to which the stockholder may receive cash in the amount of the fair market value of his or her shares in lieu of the consideration he or she would otherwise receive in the transaction. For example, a stockholder is entitled to appraisal rights in the case of a merger or consolidation if the stockholder is required to accept in exchange for his or her shares anything other than: (1) shares of stock of the corporation surviving or resulting from the merger or consolidation, or depository receipts in respect thereof; (2) shares of any other corporation, or depository receipts in respect thereof, that on the effective date of the merger or consolidation will be either listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders; (3) cash instead of fractional shares of the corporation or fractional depository receipts of the corporation; or (4) any combination of the shares of stock, depository receipts and cash instead of the fractional shares or fractional depository receipts.		Under the OBCA, each of the following matters listed will entitle shareholders to exercise rights of dissent and to be paid the fair value of their shares: (i) any amalgamation with another corporation (other than with certain affiliated corporations); (ii) an amendment to the corporation’s articles to add, change or remove any provisions restricting the issue, transfer or ownership of a class or series of shares; (iii) an amendment to the corporation’s articles to add, change or remove any restriction upon the business or businesses that the corporation may carry on or the powers that the corporation may exercise; (iv) a continuance under the laws of another jurisdiction; (v) a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all the property of the corporation other than in the ordinary course of business; and (vi) where a court order permits a shareholder to dissent in connection with an application to the court for an order approving an arrangement. However, a shareholder is not entitled to dissent if an amendment to the articles is effected by a court order approving a reorganization or by a court order made in connection with an action for an oppression remedy. The OBCA provides these dissent rights for both listed and unlisted shares.

		Under the OBCA, a shareholder may, in addition to exercising dissent rights, seek an oppression remedy for any act or omission of a corporation which is oppressive or unfairly prejudicial to or that unfairly disregards a shareholder’s interests. The OBCA’s oppression remedy enables a court to make an order to rectify the matters complained of if the court is satisfied upon application by a complainant (as defined herein) that in respect of a corporation or any of its affiliates, (i) any act or omission of the corporation or any of its affiliates effects or threatens to effect a result; (ii) the business or affairs of the corporation or any of its affiliates are, have been or are threatened to be carried on or conducted in a manner; or (iii) the powers of the directors of the corporation or any of its affiliates are, have been or are threatened to be exercised in a manner, that is oppressive or unfairly prejudicial to or that unfairly disregards the interests of any securityholder, creditor, director or officer of the corporation. The oppression remedy provides the court with broad and flexible jurisdiction to make any order it thinks fit including but not limited to: amending the articles of a corporation, issuing or exchanging securities, setting aside transactions, and appointing or replacing directors. For the purposes of the oppression remedy, a “complainant” includes current and former registered and beneficial owners of a security of the corporation or any of its affiliates, a director or an officer or former director or officer of the corporation or any of its affiliates, as well as any other person whom the court considers appropriate. The OBCA provides a right of compulsory acquisition for an offeror that acquires 90% of a corporation’s securities pursuant to a take-over bid or issuer bid, other than securities held at the date of the bid by or on behalf of the offeror. The OBCA also provides that where a person, its affiliates and associates acquire 90% or more of a class of equity securities of a corporation, then the holder of any securities of that class not counted for the purposes of calculating such percentage is entitled to require the corporation to acquire the holder’s securities of that class in accordance with the procedure set out in the OBCA.

Special Meetings of Stockholders/Shareholders

Under the DGCL, a special meeting of stockholders may be called by the board of directors or by such persons authorized in the certificate of incorporation or the by-laws.		The OBCA provides that our shareholders may requisition a special meeting in accordance with the OBCA. The OBCA provides that the holders of not less than 5% of our issued shares that carry the right to vote at a meeting may requisition our directors to call a special meeting of shareholders for the purposes stated in the requisition. If the directors do not call such meeting within 21 days after receiving the requisition despite the technical requirements under the OBCA having been met, any shareholder who signed the requisition may call the special meeting.

Distributions and Dividends; Repurchases and Redemptions

Under the DGCL, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation, a corporation may declare and pay dividends out of capital surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year, as long as the amount of capital of the corporation following the declaration and payment of the dividend is not less than the aggregate amount of the capital represented by issued and outstanding shares having a preference upon the distribution of assets. Surplus is defined in the DGCL as the excess of the net assets over capital, as such capital may be adjusted by the board of directors. A Delaware corporation may purchase or redeem shares of any class except when its capital is impaired or would be impaired by the purchase or redemption. A corporation may, however, purchase or redeem out of capital shares that are entitled upon any distribution of its assets to a preference over another class or series of its shares if the purchased or redeemed shares are to be retired and the capital reduced.		Under the OBCA, a corporation may pay a dividend in money or other property unless there are reasonable grounds for believing that the corporation is or after the payment would be unable to pay its liabilities as they become due or the realizable value of its assets would thereby be less than the aggregate of its liabilities and its stated capital of all classes. The OBCA provides that no special rights or restrictions attached to a series of any class of shares confer on the series a priority in respect of dividends or return of capital over any other series of shares of the same class. Any such restrictions are set forth in our articles. Under the OBCA, the purchase or other acquisition by a corporation of its shares is generally subject to solvency tests similar to those applicable to the payment of dividends (as set out above). We are permitted, under our articles, to acquire any of our shares, subject to the special rights and restrictions attached to such class or series of shares and the approval of our board of directors. Under the OBCA, subject to solvency tests similar to those applicable to the payment of dividends (as set out above), a corporation may redeem, on the terms and in the manner provided in its articles, any of its shares that has a right of redemption attached to it.

Vacancies on Board of Directors

Under the DGCL, a vacancy or a newly created directorship may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or by-laws. Directors chosen to fill vacancies generally hold office until the next election of directors. If, however, a corporation’s directors are divided into classes, a director chosen to fill a vacancy holds office until the next election of the class for which such director was chosen.		Under the OBCA, vacancies that exist on the board of directors may generally be filled by the board of directors if the remaining directors constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum, the remaining directors shall call a meeting of shareholders to fill the vacancy. Our articles of amalgamation set out a minimum number of directors of one (1) and maximum number of directors of ten (10). Under the OBCA, where a minimum and maximum number of directors of a corporation is provided for in its articles, the number of directors of the corporation and the number of directors to be elected at the annual meeting of the shareholders shall be such number as shall be determined from time to time by special resolution or, if the special resolution empowers the directors to determine the number, by resolution of the directors. Where such a resolution is passed, the directors may not, between meetings of shareholders, appoint an additional director if, after such appointment, the total number of directors would be greater than one and one-third times the number of directors required to have been elected at the last annual meeting of shareholders.

Delaware		Ontario

Constitution of Directors

The DGCL does not have residency requirements, but a corporation may prescribe qualifications for directors under its certificate of incorporation or by-laws.		Under the OBCA and our articles of amalgamation, the board of directors must consist of at least three members so long as we remain an “offering corporation” for purposes of the OBCA, which includes a corporation whose securities are listed on a recognized stock exchange such as the Nasdaq. Under the OBCA, the shareholders of a corporation elect directors by ordinary resolution at each annual meeting of shareholders at which such an election is required. Under the OBCA, so long as we remain an offering corporation, at least one-third of our directors must not be officers or employees of our company or our affiliates.

Removal of Directors; Terms of Directors

Under the DGCL, except in the case of a corporation with a classified board of directors (unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise) or in the case of a corporation with cumulative voting, any director or the entire board of directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.		Under the OBCA, shareholders of a corporation may, by resolution passed by a majority of the vote cast thereon at a meeting of shareholders, remove a director and may elect any qualified person to fill the resulting vacancy. If holders of a class or series of shares have the exclusive right to elect one or more directors, a director elected by them may only be removed by an ordinary resolution at a meeting of the shareholders of that class or series. The OBCA provides that shareholders shall elect at each annual meeting of shareholders at which an election of directors is required, directors to hold office for a term expiring not later than the close of the third annual meeting of shareholders following the election. It is not necessary that all directors elected at a meeting of shareholders hold office for the same term. A director not elected for an expressly stated term ceases to hold office at the close of the first annual meeting of shareholders following his or her election.

Inspection of Books and Records

Under the DGCL, any holder of record of stock or a person who is the beneficial owner of shares of such stock held either in a voting trust or by a nominee on behalf of such person may, upon written demand, inspect the corporation’s books and records during business hours for a proper purpose and may make copies and extracts therefrom.		Under the OBCA, registered holders of shares, beneficial owners of shares and creditors of a corporation, their agents and legal representatives may examine the records of the corporation during the usual business hours of the corporation, and may take extracts from those records, free of charge, and, if the corporation is an offering corporation, any other person may do so upon payment of a reasonable fee.

Delaware		Ontario

Amendment of Governing Documents

Under the DGCL, a certificate of incorporation may be amended if: (1) the board of directors adopts a resolution setting forth the proposed amendment, declaring its advisability and specifying whether the stockholders will vote on the amendment at a special meeting or annual meeting of stockholders; provided that, unless required by the certificate of incorporation, no meeting or vote is required to adopt an amendment for certain specified changes; and (2) the holders of a majority of shares of stock entitled to vote on the matter approve the amendment, unless the certificate of incorporation requires the vote of a greater number of shares. The DGCL requires that certain amendments to a certificate of incorporation be approved by a particular class of stockholders. If an amendment requires a class vote, it must be approved by a majority of the outstanding stock of the class entitled to vote on the matter, unless a greater proportion is specified in the certificate of incorporation or other provisions of the DGCL. Under the DGCL, a corporation’s stockholders may amend its by-laws. The board of directors also may amend a corporation’s by-laws if so authorized in the certificate of incorporation.		Under the OBCA, amendments to the articles of incorporation generally require the approval of not less than two-thirds of the votes cast by shareholders entitled to vote on the special resolution. In certain cases, holders of a class or series of shares are entitled to vote separately on the resolution. Under the OBCA, the directors may, by resolution, make, amend or repeal any by-laws that regulate the business or affairs of a corporation. The by-law, amendment or repeal is generally effective immediately; however, the directors must submit the by-law, amendment or repeal to the shareholders at the next meeting of shareholders, and the shareholders may confirm, reject or amend the by-law, amendment or repeal.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Under the DGCL, subject to specified limitations in the case of derivative suits brought by a corporation’s stockholders in its name, a corporation may indemnify any person who is made a party to any action, suit or proceeding on account of being a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation (or who was serving at the request of the corporation in such capacity for another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise) against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgements, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if: (1) the individual acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; and (2) in a criminal action or proceeding, the individual had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. Without court approval, however, no indemnification may be made in respect of any derivative action in which an individual is adjudged liable to the corporation, except to the extent the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought determines, in its discretion, that such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity. If a director or officer successfully defends a third-party or derivative action, suit or proceeding, the DGCL requires that the corporation indemnify such director or officer for expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with his or her defense. Under the DGCL, a corporation may advance expenses relating to the defense of any proceeding to directors and officers upon the receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the individual to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified.		Under the OBCA, a corporation may indemnify a director or officer of the corporation, a former director or officer of the corporation or another individual who acts or acted at the corporation’s request as a director or officer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgement, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the corporation or other entity, and the corporation may advance moneys to such indemnified persons. The foregoing indemnification is prohibited under the OBCA unless the individual (i) acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the corporation or, as the case may be, to the best interests of any other entity for which the individual acted as a director or officer or in a similar capacity at the corporation’s request and (ii) if the matter is a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the individual had reasonable grounds for believing that the individual’s conduct was lawful. In addition to any indemnity the corporation may elect to provide, the OBCA provides that an individual referred to above is entitled to an indemnity from the corporation against all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with the defense of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding to which the individual is subject because of the individual’s association with the corporation or other entity referred to above, if, in addition to fulfilling the conditions in (i) and (ii) above, the individual was not judged by a court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything that the individual ought to have done.

Delaware		Ontario

		The corporation may also, with the approval of a court, indemnify an individual referred to above or advance moneys to such individual in respect of an action by or on behalf of the corporation or other entity to obtain a judgement in its favor, to which the individual is made a party because of the individual’s association with the corporation or other entity, if the individual fulfils the conditions in (i) above. Our by-laws provide that we shall indemnify the foregoing persons on substantially the terms set forth above.

Limited Liability of Directors

The DGCL permits the adoption of a provision in a corporation’s certificate of incorporation limiting or eliminating the monetary liability of a director to a corporation or its stockholders by reason of a director’s breach of the fiduciary duty of care. The DGCL does not permit any limitation of a director’s liability for: (1) breaching the duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders; (2) acts or omissions not in good faith; (3) engaging in intentional misconduct or a known violation of law; (4) obtaining an improper personal benefit from the corporation; or (5) paying a dividend or approving a stock repurchase that was illegal under applicable law.		The OBCA does not permit the limitation of a director’s liability as the DGCL does. Under the OBCA, directors and officers owe a fiduciary duty to the corporation. Every director and officer of a corporation must act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the corporation and must also exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. Directors will not be found liable for breach of their duties where they exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in comparable circumstances. This includes good faith reliance on: financial statements and reports represented by an auditor or officer of the corporation to fairly present the financial position of the corporation; advice or reports from an officer or employee of the corporation where it is reasonable in the circumstances to rely on such information; and, reports from an engineer, lawyer, accountant, or other person whose profession lends credibility to a statement made by any such person.

Stockholder/Shareholder Lawsuits

Under the DGCL, a stockholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of a corporation to enforce the corporation’s rights if he or she was a stockholder at the time of the transaction which is the subject of the action. Additionally, under Delaware case law, a stockholder must have owned stock in the corporation continuously until and throughout the litigation to maintain a derivative action. Delaware law also requires that, before commencing a derivative action, a stockholder must make a demand on the directors of the corporation to assert the claim, unless such demand would be futile. A stockholder also may commence a class action suit on behalf of himself or herself and other similarly situated stockholders where the requirements for maintaining a class action have been met.		Under the OBCA, a “complainant”, which includes a current or former shareholder (including a beneficial shareholder), director or officer of a corporation or its affiliates (or former director or officer of the corporation or its affiliates) and any other person who, in the discretion of the court, is an appropriate person, may make an application to court to bring an action in the name and on behalf of a corporation or any of its subsidiaries, or intervene in an action to which any such body corporate is a party, for the purpose of prosecuting, defending or discontinuing the action on behalf of the body corporate (a derivative action). No derivative action may be brought unless notice of the application has been given to the directors of the corporation or its subsidiary not less than fourteen days before bringing the application and the court is satisfied that (i) the directors of the corporation or the subsidiary will not bring, diligently prosecute or defend or discontinue the action, (ii) the complainant is acting in good faith and (iii) it appears to be in the interests of the corporation or its subsidiary that the action be brought, prosecuted, defended or discontinued. A complainant is not required to provide the notice referred to above if all of the directors of the corporation or its subsidiary are defendants in the action. In connection with a derivative action, the court may make any order it thinks fit, including an order requiring the corporation or its subsidiary to pay reasonable legal fees and any other costs reasonably incurred by the complainant in connection with the action.

Delaware		Ontario

Blank Check Preferred Stock/Shares

Under the DGCL, a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may authorize the board of directors to issue new classes of preferred shares with voting, conversion, dividend distribution and other rights to be determined by the board of directors at the time of issuance. Such authorization could prevent a takeover attempt and thereby preclude stockholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their shares. In addition, Delaware law does not prohibit a corporation from adopting a shareholder rights plan, or “poison pill”, which could prevent a takeover attempt and also preclude stockholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their shares.		Under our articles of amalgamation, preferred shares may be issued in one or more series. Accordingly, our board of directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, but subject to the provisions of the OBCA, to determine the maximum number of shares of each series, create an identifying name for each series and attach such special rights or restrictions, including dividend, liquidation and voting rights, as our board of directors may determine, and such special rights or restrictions, including dividend, liquidation and voting rights, may be superior to the common voting shares. The issuance of preferred shares, or the issuance of rights to purchase preferred shares, could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire a majority of our outstanding shares and thereby have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us or an unsolicited acquisition proposal or of making the removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred shares may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our subordinate voting shares. The OBCA does not prohibit a corporation from adopting a shareholder rights plan, or “poison pill”, which could prevent a takeover attempt and also preclude shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their shares. However, unlike Delaware law, pursuant to applicable Canadian securities laws, Canadian securities regulators have frequently ceased traded shareholder rights plans in the face of a take-over bid.

Advance Notification Requirements for Proposals of Stockholders/Shareholders

Delaware corporations’ by-laws typically provide that stockholders may introduce a proposal to be voted on at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, including nominees for election to the board of directors, only if they provide notice of such proposal to the secretary of the corporation in advance of the meeting. In addition, advance notice by-laws frequently require stockholders to provide information about their board of directors nominees, such as a nominee’s age, address, employment and beneficial ownership of shares of the corporation’s capital stock. The stockholder may also be required to disclose, among other things, his or her own name, share ownership and any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to such nomination. For other proposals, the proposing stockholder is often required by the by-laws to provide a description of the proposal and any other information relating to such stockholder or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf that proposal is being made, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitation of proxies for the proposal and pursuant to and in accordance with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.		Under the OBCA, the directors of a corporation are required to call an annual meeting of shareholders no later than fifteen months after holding the last preceding annual meeting. Under the OBCA, the directors of a corporation may call a special meeting at any time. In addition, the OBCA provides that holders of not less than five percent of the issued shares of a corporation that carry the right to vote at a meeting sought to be held may requisition the directors to call a meeting of shareholders. In our by-laws, we have has included certain advance notice provisions with respect to the election of its directors (the “Advance Notice Provisions”). Only persons who are nominated by shareholders in accordance with the Advance Notice Provisions will be eligible for election as directors at any annual meeting of shareholders, or at any special meeting of shareholders if one of the purposes for which the special meeting was called was the election of directors. Under the Advance Notice Provisions, a shareholder wishing to nominate a director would be required to provide us notice, in the prescribed form, within the prescribed time period.

	●	the title of the debt securities;

	●	the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount) at which we will sell the debt securities;

	●	any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

	●	the date or dates on which we will repay the principal on the debt securities and the right, if any, to extend the maturity of the debt securities;

	●	the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates (including any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will be payable and any regular record date for any interest payment date;

	●	the place or places where the principal of, premium, and interest on the debt securities will be payable, and where the debt securities of the series that are convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for conversion or exchange;

	●	any obligation or right we have to redeem the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of holders of the debt securities or at our option, and the terms and conditions upon which we are obligated to or may redeem the debt securities;

	●	any obligation we have to repurchase the debt securities at the option of the holders of debt securities, the dates on which and the price or prices at which we will repurchase the debt securities and other detailed terms and provisions of these repurchase obligations;

	●	the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued;

	●	whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities;

	●	the portion of principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount;

	●	the currency of denomination of the debt securities;

	●	the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of principal of, premium and interest on the debt securities will be made;

	●	if payments of principal of, premium or interest on, the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined;

	●	the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, premium or interest on, the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies other than that in which the debt securities are denominated or designated to be payable or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;

	●	any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities;

	●	any addition to or change in the events of default described in the indenture with respect to the debt securities and any change in the acceleration provisions described in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;

	●	any addition to or change in the covenants described in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;

	●	whether the debt securities will be senior or subordinated and any applicable subordination provisions;

	●	a discussion of material income tax considerations applicable to the debt securities;

	●	any other terms of the debt securities, which may modify any provisions of the indenture as it applies to that series; and

	●	any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities.

	●	the title of the equity warrants;

	●	the initial offering price;

	●	the aggregate amount of equity warrants and the aggregate amount of equity securities purchasable upon exercise of the equity warrants;

	●	the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;

	●	if applicable, the designation and terms of the equity securities with which the equity warrants are issued, and the amount of equity warrants issued with each equity security;

	●	the date, if any, on and after which the equity warrants and the related equity security will be separately transferable;

	●	if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the equity warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

	●	the date on which the right to exercise the equity warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;

	●	if applicable, a discussion of tax, accounting or other considerations applicable to the equity warrants;

	●	anti-dilution provisions of the equity warrants, if any;

	●	redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to the equity warrants; and

	●	any additional terms of the equity warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the equity warrants.

	●	the title of the debt warrants;

	●	the initial offering price;

	●	the title, aggregate principal amount and terms of the debt securities purchasable upon exercise of the debt warrants;

	●	the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;

	●	the title and terms of any related debt securities with which the debt warrants are issued and the amount of the debt warrants issued with each debt security;

	●	the date, if any, on and after which the debt warrants and the related debt securities will be separately transferable;

	●	the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of each debt warrant and the price at which that principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon exercise of each debt warrant;

	●	if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

	●	the date on which the right to exercise the debt warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;

	●	if applicable, a discussion of United States federal income tax, accounting or other considerations applicable to the debt warrants;

	●	whether the debt warrants represented by the debt warrant certificates will be issued in registered or bearer form, and, if registered, where they may be transferred and registered;

	●	anti-dilution provisions of the debt warrants, if any;

	●	redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to the debt warrants; and

	●	any additional terms of the debt warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the debt warrants.

	●	the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

	●	any unit agreement under which the units will be issued;

	●	any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and

	●	whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form.

	●	through agents;

	●	to dealers or underwriters for resale;

	●	directly to purchasers;

	●	in “at-the-market offerings,” within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise; or

	●	through a combination of any of these methods of sale.

SEC Registration Fee	$	27,275
Legal Fees and Expenses		+
FINRA filing fees		+
The NASDAQ Capital Market Listing Fee		+
Accounting Fees and Expenses		+
Printing Expenses		+
Miscellaneous		+
Total	$

Exhibit Number		Description of Document

1.1*		Form of Underwriting Agreement

4.1		Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Common Shares (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form F-3 (file No. 333-210735), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13, 2016)

4.2*		Specimen Preferred Share Certificate and Form of Certificate of Designations of Preferred Shares

4.3*		Form of Indenture

4.4*		Form of Debt Security

4.5*		Form of Warrant

4.6*		Form of Warrant Agreement

4.7*		Form of Unit Agreement (including form of Unit Certificate)

5.1		Opinion of Meretsky Law Firm regarding the validity of the securities

5.2		Opinion of Pryor Cashman LLP regarding the validity of the securities

8.1		Opinion of Meretsky Law Firm regarding certain Ontario tax matters (included in Exhibit 5.1)

23.1		Consent of Smythe LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

23.2		Consent of Meretsky Law Firm (included in Exhibit 5.1)

23.3		Consent of Pryor Cashman LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2)

24.1		Powers of Attorney (included as part of signature page)

25.1*		Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility and Qualification under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, of the Trustee under the Indenture

	Sphere 3D Corp.

	By:	/s/ Peter Tassiopoulos
	Name:	Peter Tassiopoulos
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer