8-K
Fuel Tech, Inc. (FTEK)
United States
Securities And Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) August 8, 2023
FUEL TECH, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware<br><br> <br>(State or other jurisdiction<br><br> <br>of incorporation) | 001-33059<br><br> <br>(Commission<br><br> <br>File Number) | 20-5657551<br><br> <br>(IRS Employer<br><br> <br>Identification No.) |
|---|
Fuel Tech, Inc.
27601 Bella Vista Parkway
Warrenville , IL 60555-1617
630 -845-4500
(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
|---|---|---|
| Common Stock | FTEK | NASDAQ |
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provision:
| ☐ | Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
|---|---|
| ☐ | Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
| --- | --- |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
| --- | --- |
| ☐ | Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
| --- | --- |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
ITEM 2.02. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
On August 8, 2023, Fuel Tech, Inc. ("Fuel Tech” or the “Registrant”) issued a press release which contained, among other things, an announcement of Fuel Tech's financial results for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023. A copy of the Press Release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Form 8-K.
ITEM 9.01. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.
(a) Financial Statements of Businesses Acquired.
None.
(b) Pro Forma Financial Information.
None.
(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit No. **** Description
99.1 Release of Fuel Tech, Inc. dated August 8, 2023.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| Fuel Tech, Inc. | ||
|---|---|---|
| (Registrant) | ||
| Date: August 8, 2023 | ||
| By: | /s/ Ellen T. Albrecht | |
| Ellen T. Albrecht | ||
| Vice President, Chief Financial Officer<br><br> <br>and Treasurer |
ex_554808.htm
Exhibit 99.1
| CONTACT: | Vince Arnone<br><br> <br>President and CEO<br><br> <br>(630) 845-4500 | Devin Sullivan<br><br> <br>Managing Director<br><br> <br>The Equity Group Inc.<br><br> <br>dsullivan@equityny.com |
|---|
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
FUEL TECH REPORTS 2023 SECOND QUARTER FINANCIAL RESULTS
WARRENVILLE, Ill. – August 8, 2023 - Fuel Tech, Inc. (NASDAQ: FTEK), a technology company providing advanced engineering solutions for the optimization of combustion systems, emissions control, and water treatment in utility and industrial applications, today reported financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2023 (“Q2 2023”).
“Q2 2023 results were mixed between our operating segments. Revenue from our Air Pollution Control (APC) business segment increased 25% from the second quarter of 2022, and were offset by lower revenue from our FUEL CHEM® business segment driven by unplanned maintenance-driven outages at our clients throughout the quarter,” said Vincent J. Arnone, President and CEO. “At our Dissolved Gas Infusion (DGI®) technology business segment, in late June we commenced our first on-site demonstration using a small-scale dissolved oxygen infusion system at an aquaculture setting in the Western United States. The deployment, which is scheduled to conclude in Q3 2023, has demonstrated encouraging early results that are in line with our objective of improving the customer’s operational productivity and efficiency using optimized high-levels of dissolved oxygen. In addition to this demonstration, we are continuing our investigation into other markets of opportunity, including discussions with potential market channel partners and industry experts and the development of market specific collateral.
“We were pleased to recently announce $2.2 million of new APC awards, and our contract pipeline for the second half of 2023 is promising with any such awards expected to utilize our SCR, SNCR and ULTRA emissions control solutions, both domestically and internationally. As we entered the third quarter of the year, the unplanned outages within FUEL CHEM have abated, and we expect improved FUEL CHEM revenue for the second half of the year.”
Mr. Arnone concluded, “We ended the second quarter with $32.9 million in cash and investments and no long-term debt. We remain optimistic about our outlook for the year and continue to expect that total revenue for full year 2023 will improve modestly from 2022, driven primarily by our APC business.”
Q2 2023 Consolidated Results Overview
Consolidated revenues for Q2 2023 were $5.5 million compared to $6.4 million in the second quarter ended June 30, 2022 (“Q2 2022”), reflecting higher APC revenue offset by a decline in FUEL CHEM revenue.
Consolidated gross margin for Q2 2023 was 37% of revenues compared to 42% of revenues in Q2 2022, reflecting changes in product and project mix and lower FUEL CHEM revenue.
SG&A expenses were unchanged at $2.9 million.
Operating loss for the quarter was $(1.3) million compared to an operating loss of $(0.5) million in Q2 2022.
Interest income improved to $0.3 million from $0.001 million in Q2 2022, reflecting higher interest rates on held-to-maturity debt securities and money market funds.
Net loss in Q2 2023 was $(1.0) million, or $(0.03) per share, from a net loss of $(0.4) million, or $(0.01) per share, in Q2 2022.
Consolidated APC segment backlog at June 30, 2023 was $6.6 million compared to $8.2 million at December 31, 2022.
APC segment revenue increased to $3.4 million from $2.7 million in Q2 2022 with gross margin of 31.4% compared to 34.2%, due primarily to the mix of projects under execution.
FUEL CHEM segment revenue declined to $2.0 million from $3.6 million in Q2 2022 due to unplanned maintenance-driven outages, with gross margin declining to 45.2% from 48.0% in Q2 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA loss was $(1.2) million in Q2 2023 compared to Adjusted EBITDA loss of $(0.2) million in Q2 2022.
Financial Condition
At June 30, 2023, cash and cash equivalents were $15.1 million, short-term investments were $12.9 million, and long-term investments totaled $4.9 million. Stockholders’ equity at June 30, 2023 was $43.7 million, or $1.44 per share, and the Company had no debt.
Conference Call
Management will host a conference call on Wednesday, August 9, 2023 at 10:00 am ET / 9:00 am CT to discuss the results and business activities. Interested parties may participate in the call by dialing:
| ● | (877) 423-9820 (Domestic) or |
|---|---|
| ● | (201) 493-6749 (International) |
| --- | --- |
The conference call will also be accessible via the Upcoming Events section of the Company’s web site at www.ftek.com. Following management’s opening remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. Questions may be asked during the live call, or alternatively, you may e-mail questions in advance to dsullivan@equityny.com. For those who cannot listen to the live broadcast, an online replay will be available at www.ftek.com.
About Fuel Tech
Fuel Tech develops and commercializes state-of-the-art proprietary technologies for air pollution control, process optimization, water treatment, and advanced engineering services. These technologies enable customers to operate in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner. Fuel Tech is a leader in nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction and particulate control technologies and its solutions have been installed on over 1,200 utility, industrial and municipal units worldwide. The Company’s FUEL CHEM® technology improves the efficiency, reliability, fuel flexibility, boiler heat rate, and environmental status of combustion units by controlling slagging, fouling, corrosion and opacity. Water treatment technologies include DGI™ Dissolved Gas Infusion Systems which utilize a patented nozzle to deliver supersaturated oxygen solutions and other gas-water combinations to target process applications or environmental issues. This infusion process has a variety of applications in the water and wastewater industries, including remediation, aeration, biological treatment and wastewater odor management. Many of Fuel Tech’s products and services rely heavily on the Company’s exceptional Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling capabilities, which are enhanced by internally developed, high-end visualization software. For more information, visit Fuel Tech’s web site at www.ftek.com.
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains “forward-looking statements” as defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and reflect Fuel Tech’s current expectations regarding future growth, results of operations, cash flows, performance and business prospects, and opportunities, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. Fuel Tech has tried to identify forward-looking statements by using words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “will,” and similar expressions, but these words are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements. These statements are based on information currently available to Fuel Tech and are subject to various risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including, but not limited to, those discussed in Fuel Tech’s Annual Report on Form 10-K in Item 1A under the caption “Risk Factors,” and subsequent filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which could cause Fuel Tech’s actual growth, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, performance and business prospects and opportunities to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. Fuel Tech undertakes no obligation to update such factors or to publicly announce the results of any of the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect future events, developments, or changed circumstances or for any other reason. Investors are cautioned that all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including those detailed in Fuel Tech’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
FUEL TECH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
| December 31, | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | |||||
| ASSETS | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Current assets: | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 15,134 | $ | 23,328 | ||
| Short-term investments | 12,855 | 2,981 | |||
| Accounts receivable, net | 6,781 | 7,729 | |||
| Inventories, net | 528 | 392 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,287 | 1,395 | |||
| Total current assets | 36,585 | 35,825 | |||
| Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 18,651 and 18,557, respectively | 4,368 | 4,435 | |||
| Goodwill | 2,116 | 2,116 | |||
| Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 437 and 406, respectively | 382 | 397 | |||
| Right-of-use operating lease assets, net | 495 | 197 | |||
| Long-term investments | 4,874 | 6,360 | |||
| Other assets | 789 | 794 | |||
| Total assets | 49,609 | $ | 50,124 | ||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Current liabilities: | |||||
| Accounts payable | 3,097 | $ | 2,710 | ||
| Accrued liabilities: | |||||
| Operating lease liabilities - current | 107 | 125 | |||
| Employee compensation | 615 | 1,105 | |||
| Other accrued liabilities | 1,307 | 826 | |||
| Total current liabilities | 5,126 | 4,766 | |||
| Operating lease liabilities - non-current | 376 | 66 | |||
| Deferred income taxes, net | 177 | 177 | |||
| Other liabilities | 280 | 274 | |||
| Total liabilities | 5,959 | 5,283 | |||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||
| Common stock, .01 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, 31,361,303 and 31,272,303 shares issued, and 30,385,297 and 30,296,297 shares outstanding, respectively | 313 | 313 | |||
| Additional paid-in capital | 164,651 | 164,422 | |||
| Accumulated deficit | (117,449 | ) | (115,991 | ) | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (1,690 | ) | (1,728 | ) | |
| Nil coupon perpetual loan notes | 76 | 76 | |||
| Treasury stock, at cost | (2,251 | ) | (2,251 | ) | |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 43,650 | 44,841 | |||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | 49,609 | $ | 50,124 |
All values are in US Dollars.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
FUEL TECH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per-share data)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 5,461 | $ | 6,368 | $ | 12,748 | $ | 11,903 | ||||
| Costs and expenses: | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Cost of sales | 3,465 | 3,690 | 7,947 | 6,935 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 2,915 | 2,874 | 6,160 | 5,928 | ||||||||
| Research and development | 413 | 289 | 631 | 509 | ||||||||
| 6,793 | 6,853 | 14,738 | 13,372 | |||||||||
| Operating loss | (1,332 | ) | (485 | ) | (1,990 | ) | (1,469 | ) | ||||
| Interest expense | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | (10 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
| Interest income | 307 | 8 | 646 | 9 | ||||||||
| Other (expense) income, net | (14 | ) | 134 | (104 | ) | 124 | ||||||
| Loss before income taxes | (1,044 | ) | (347 | ) | (1,458 | ) | (1,345 | ) | ||||
| Income tax expense | — | (9 | ) | — | (9 | ) | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (356 | ) | $ | (1,458 | ) | $ | (1,354 | ) |
| Net loss per common share: | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Basic net loss per common share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) |
| Diluted net loss per common share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) |
| Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding: | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Basic | 30,324,000 | 30,296,000 | 30,310,000 | 30,282,000 | ||||||||
| Diluted | 30,324,000 | 30,296,000 | 30,310,000 | 30,282,000 |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
FUEL TECH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (356 | ) | $ | (1,458 | ) | $ | (1,354 | ) |
| Other comprehensive (loss) income: | ||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | (48 | ) | (222 | ) | 38 | (292 | ) | |||||
| Comprehensive loss | $ | (1,092 | ) | $ | (578 | ) | $ | (1,420 | ) | $ | (1,646 | ) |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
FUEL TECH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| Six Months Ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, | ||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| Operating Activities | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Net loss | $ | (1,458 | ) | $ | (1,354 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||
| Depreciation | 154 | 182 | ||||
| Amortization | 30 | 50 | ||||
| Non-cash interest income on held-to-maturity securities | (203 | ) | — | |||
| Provision for credit losses, net of recoveries | — | 43 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures | 187 | 46 | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||
| Accounts receivable | 966 | (3,245 | ) | |||
| Inventories | (135 | ) | (58 | ) | ||
| Prepaid expenses, other current assets and other non-current assets | 114 | 205 | ||||
| Accounts payable | 383 | 812 | ||||
| Accrued liabilities and other non-current liabilities | (21 | ) | (2 | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 17 | (3,321 | ) | |||
| Investing Activities | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Purchases of equipment and patents | (103 | ) | (138 | ) | ||
| Purchases of debt securities | (9,685 | ) | — | |||
| Maturities of debt securities | 1,500 | — | ||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (8,288 | ) | (138 | ) | ||
| Financing Activities | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** | **** |
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 42 | — | ||||
| Taxes paid on behalf of equity award participants | — | (17 | ) | |||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 42 | (17 | ) | |||
| Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash | 35 | (280 | ) | |||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (8,194 | ) | (3,756 | ) | ||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period (Note 2) | 23,328 | 37,054 | ||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (Note 2) | $ | 15,134 | $ | 33,298 |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
Fuel Tech, Inc.
Segment Data- Reporting Segments
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
Information about reporting segment net sales and gross margin from operations is provided below:
| Air<br><br> <br>Pollution | FUEL<br><br> <br>CHEM | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three months ended June 30, 2023 | Control<br><br> <br>Segment | Segment | Other | Total | ||||||||
| Revenues from external customers | $ | 3,422 | $ | 2,039 | $ | — | $ | 5,461 | ||||
| Cost of sales | (2,347 | ) | (1,118 | ) | — | (3,465 | ) | |||||
| Gross margin | 1,075 | 921 | — | 1,996 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | — | — | (2,915 | ) | (2,915 | ) | ||||||
| Research and development | — | — | (413 | ) | (413 | ) | ||||||
| Operating income (loss) from operations | $ | 1,075 | $ | 921 | $ | (3,328 | ) | $ | (1,332 | ) | ||
| Air<br><br> <br>Pollution | FUEL<br><br> <br>CHEM | |||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Three months ended June 30, 2022 | Control<br><br> <br>Segment | Segment | Other | Total | ||||||||
| Revenues from external customers | $ | 2,738 | $ | 3,630 | $ | — | $ | 6,368 | ||||
| Cost of sales | (1,802 | ) | (1,888 | ) | — | (3,690 | ) | |||||
| Gross margin | 936 | 1,742 | — | 2,678 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | — | — | (2,874 | ) | (2,874 | ) | ||||||
| Research and development | — | — | (289 | ) | (289 | ) | ||||||
| Operating income (loss) from operations | $ | 936 | $ | 1,742 | $ | (3,163 | ) | $ | (485 | ) | ||
| Air<br><br> <br>Pollution | FUEL<br><br> <br>CHEM | |||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Six months ended June 30, 2023 | Control<br><br> <br>Segment | Segment | Other | Total | ||||||||
| Revenues from external customers | $ | 6,981 | $ | 5,767 | $ | — | $ | 12,748 | ||||
| Cost of sales | (4,941 | ) | (3,006 | ) | — | (7,947 | ) | |||||
| Gross margin | 2,040 | 2,761 | — | 4,801 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | — | — | (6,160 | ) | (6,160 | ) | ||||||
| Research and development | — | — | (631 | ) | (631 | ) | ||||||
| Operating income (loss) from operations | $ | 2,040 | $ | 2,761 | $ | (6,791 | ) | $ | (1,990 | ) | ||
| Air<br><br> <br>Pollution | FUEL<br><br> <br>CHEM | |||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Six months ended June 30, 2022 | Control<br><br> <br>Segment | Segment | Other | Total | ||||||||
| Revenues from external customers | $ | 4,942 | $ | 6,961 | $ | — | $ | 11,903 | ||||
| Cost of sales | (3,231 | ) | (3,704 | ) | — | (6,935 | ) | |||||
| Gross margin | 1,711 | 3,257 | — | 4,968 | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | — | — | (5,928 | ) | (5,928 | ) | ||||||
| Research and development | — | — | (509 | ) | (509 | ) | ||||||
| Operating income (loss) from operations | $ | 1,711 | $ | 3,257 | $ | (6,437 | ) | $ | (1,469 | ) |
Fuel Tech, Inc.
Geographic Segment Financial Data
(Unaudited)
(in thousands of dollars)
Information concerning our operations by geographic area is provided below. Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the end-user. Assets are those directly associated with operations of the geographic area.
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||
| United States | $ | 4,316 | $ | 4,279 | $ | 10,297 | $ | 7,967 |
| Foreign | 1,145 | 2,089 | 2,451 | 3,936 | ||||
| $ | 5,461 | $ | 6,368 | $ | 12,748 | $ | 11,903 | |
| June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| United States | $ | 46,191 | $ | 47,007 | ||||
| Foreign | 3,418 | 3,117 | ||||||
| $ | 49,609 | $ | 50,124 |
FUEL TECH, INC.
RECONCILIATION OF GAAP NET INCOME (LOSS) TO EBITDA AND ADJUSTED EBITDA
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Net Loss | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (356 | ) | $ | (1,458 | ) | $ | (1,354 | ) |
| Interest income | (302 | ) | (4 | ) | (636 | ) | - | |||||
| Income tax expense | - | 9 | - | 9 | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | 75 | 88 | 154 | 182 | ||||||||
| Amortization expense | 19 | 36 | 30 | 50 | ||||||||
| EBITDA | (1,252 | ) | (227 | ) | (1,910 | ) | (1,113 | ) | ||||
| Stock compensation expense | 98 | 28 | 187 | 46 | ||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (1,154 | ) | $ | (199 | ) | $ | (1,723 | ) | $ | (1,067 | ) |
Adjusted EBITDA
To supplement the Company's consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), the Company has provided an Adjusted EBITDA disclosure as a measure of financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation expense, amortization expense, stock compensation expense, and intangible assets abandonment and building impairment. The Company's reference to these non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP standards, but are not a substitute for, or superior to, GAAP results.
Adjusted EBITDA is provided to enhance investors' overall understanding of the Company's current financial performance and ability to generate cash flow, which we believe is a meaningful measure for our investor and analyst communities. In many cases non-GAAP financial measures are utilized by these individuals to evaluate Company performance and ultimately determine a reasonable valuation for our common stock. A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the nearest GAAP measure of net income (loss) has been included in the above financial table.