Hongchang International Co., Ltd 10-K, filed Mar 28, 2025
Hongchang International Co., Ltd (HCIL)
About this 10-K
Hongchang International Co., Ltd filed this 10-K on March 28, 2025, covering the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Headline figures
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $2.87M
- up 7.1% from $2.68M a year earlier
- Net loss
- $472.39K
- compared with a net loss of $378.79K a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $0.00
- compared with $0.00 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______ TO ______
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
|
Fuqing City, | 350300 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING
AREA CODE:
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a
well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not
required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed be Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section
232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or
issued its audit report.
If securities are registered pursuant to Section
12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction
of an error to previously issued financial statements.
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
As of June 28, 2024, the last business day of
the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the common stock outstanding held
by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing sales price for the common stock of $0.20, as reported on the
OTC Pink Market, was approximately $
As of March 28, 2025, there were
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Report”) contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections. We may use words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “foresee,” “estimate” and variations of these words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted. These risks and uncertainties include the following:
| ● | The availability and adequacy of our cash flow to meet our requirements; | |
| ● | Economic, competitive, demographic, business, and other conditions in our local and regional markets; | |
| ● | Changes or developments in laws, regulations, or taxes in our industry; | |
| ● | Actions taken or omitted to be taken by third parties including our suppliers and competitors, as well as legislative, regulatory, judicial, and other governmental authorities; | |
| ● | Competition in our industry; | |
| ● | The loss of or failure to obtain any license or permit necessary or desirable in the operation of our business; | |
| ● | Changes in our business strategy, capital improvements, or development plans; | |
| ● | The Company’s ability to devise and implement effective internal controls and procedures; | |
| ● | The availability of additional capital to support capital improvements and development; and | |
| ● | Other risks identified in this Report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the SEC. |
This Report should be read completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements included in this Report are made as of the date of this Report and should be evaluated with consideration of any changes occurring after the date of this Report. We will not update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
PART I
Unless otherwise indicated, all share amounts and per share amounts in this Report have been presented giving effect to a 1-for-464 reverse split that became effective on April 11, 2018, a 100-for-1 forward stock split that became effective on September 11, 2018, and a 1-for-10 reverse stock split effective on August 14, 2023.
Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the “Company” or “our Company” refer to Hongchang International Co., Ltd (formerly known as Heyu Biological Technology Corporation), a Nevada company; “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Hongchang International Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise indicates.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The Company is a holding company incorporated in the State of Nevada and not a Chinese operating company. As a holding company with no material operations of our own, we conduct our operations and operate our business in China through our subsidiaries. Holders of our stock hold equity interest in Hongchang International Co., Ltd, a Nevada holding company with business operations in China and therefore, may never hold equity interests directly in our Chinese operating entities. The Company holds equity interests in its PRC subsidiaries through its subsidiaries incorporated in British Virgin Islands and Hong Kong. As we have a direct equity ownership structure, we do not have any agreement or contract between our Company and any of its subsidiaries that is typically seen in a variable interest entity structure.
There are significant legal and operational risks associated with conducting a substantial portion of our operations in mainland China, including, the changes in the legal, political, and economic policies of the Chinese government, may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our shares. Any such changes could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our shares to investors and could cause the value of our shares to significantly decline or become worthless. The PRC laws and regulations are sometimes vague and uncertain, and, as a result, these risks may result in material changes in the operations of our PRC subsidiaries, significant depreciation of the value of our shares, or a complete hindrance of our ability to offer or continue to offer our securities to investors. In addition, we are subject to risks and uncertainties of the interpretations and applications of PRC laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, those imposing limitations on foreign ownership in our industry. We are also subject to the risks and uncertainties about any future actions of the PRC government. If any future actions of the PRC government result in a material change in our operations, the value of our shares may depreciate significantly or become worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — The uncertainties in the Chinese legal system could materially and adversely affect us.”
The Chinese government has exercised, and may continue to exercise, substantial influence or control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. The central or local Chinese governments could impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that could require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations. Recently, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and made a number of public statements on the regulation of business operations in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement and data privacy protection. As of the date hereof, we do not believe that we are subject to (a) the cybersecurity review with the Cyberspace Administration of China, or CAC, as we do not qualify as a critical information infrastructure operator or possess a large amount of personal information in our business operations, and our business does not involve data possessing that affects or may affect national security, implicates cybersecurity, or involves any type of restricted industry; or (b) merger control review by China’s anti-monopoly enforcement agency due to the fact that we do not engage in monopolistic behaviors that are subject to these statements or regulatory actions. However, since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, and, if any, the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our daily business operation, the ability to accept foreign investments, and listing of our securities. For more details, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — We may be required under PRC laws to submit filings to CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC governmental authorities for our future offering.”
1
We are not currently required to obtain prior approval or prior permission from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) or any other Chinese regulatory authority under the Chinese laws and regulations currently in effect to issue securities to foreign investors. On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated a new set of regulations that consists of the Trial Administrative Measures for Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Measures”) and five supporting guidelines. Pursuant to the Trial Measures, we may be required to submit filings to the CSRC following the submission of future overseas listings and the completion of future offerings of our equity securities to foreign investors. For more details, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — We may be required under PRC laws to submit filings to CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC governmental authorities for our future offerings.” As there are uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system and changes in laws, regulations, and policies, including how those laws, regulations and policies will be interpreted or implemented, there can be no assurance that we will not be subject to additional requirements, approvals, or permissions in the future.
In addition, the PRC government has published new policies that significantly affected certain industries, and we cannot rule out the possibility that it will in the future release regulations or policies regarding the industry where we operate, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the PRC government has recently indicated an intent to exert more oversight and control over overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities and foreign investment in China-based companies like us. These risks could result in a material change in our operations and the value of our shares, or could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — The PRC government exerts substantial influence over the manner in which our PRC subsidiaries must conduct their business activities.”
Our shares may be prohibited from trading under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) is unable to inspect our auditor for two consecutive years. Our auditor, WWC, P.C. is headquartered in San Mateo, California and has been inspected by the PCAOB on a regular basis, and it is not subject to the determinations announced by the PCAOB on December 16, 2021 or the Statement of Protocol with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China on August 26, 2022. If trading in our shares is prohibited under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act in the future because the PCAOB determines that it cannot inspect or fully investigate our auditor at such future time, trading of our shares may be prohibited. On June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”), which, if passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and signed into law, would reduce the period of time for foreign companies to comply with PCAOB audits to two consecutive years, instead of three, thus reducing the time period before our securities may be prohibited from trading. On December 29, 2022, a legislation entitled “Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023” (the “Consolidated Appropriations Act”), was signed into law by President Biden. The Consolidated Appropriations Act contained, among other things, an identical provision to HFCAA, which reduces the number of consecutive non-inspection years required for triggering the prohibitions under the HFCAA from three years to two. On August 26, 2022, the CSRC, the Ministry of Finance of the PRC, and the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol (the “Protocol”), governing inspections and investigations of audit firms based in China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the Protocol disclosed by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and has the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB determined that the PCAOB was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate its previous determinations to the contrary. However, should PRC authorities obstruct or otherwise fail to facilitate the PCAOB’s access in the future, the PCAOB Board will consider the need to issue a new determination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, because we have substantial operations within the PRC through the PRC operating entities, if the PCAOB is not able to fully conduct inspections of our auditor’s work papers in China, you may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection which could result in limitation or restriction to our access to the U.S. capital markets and trading of our securities may be prohibited under the HFCAA.
2
We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on May 18, 1987, as Asphalt Associates, Inc. and changed its name to Pacific WebWorks Inc. in January 1999. From 1999 to 2016 the Company engaged in the development and distribution of web tools software, electronic business storefront hosting, and Internet payment systems for individuals and small to medium sized businesses. On February 23, 2016, the Company filed a voluntary petition for bankruptcy in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Utah, and soon afterwards ceased its business activities. On August 19, 2016, the Company proposed a Plan of Liquidation and on November 28, 2016, the Court entered an order confirming the Plan of Liquidation and establishing a Liquidating Trust. On December 28, 2016, all assets and liabilities of the Company were transferred to the Liquidating Trust (the “Liquidation”).
On March 12, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), with the consent of the majority stockholder, approved a 1-for-464 reverse stock split. On April 11, 2018, the reverse split became effective.
On April 18, 2018, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) with Mr. Ban Siong Ang (the “Purchaser”) and Mr. Dan Masters (the “Seller”), pursuant to which the Purchaser acquired 1,021,051,700 shares, representing 98.91% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (“Common Stock”) from Seller for an aggregate purchase price of $335,000 (“Share Purchase”). As a result of the SPA, the Company accepted the resignation of Dan Masters, as the Company’s President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Chairman of the Board. This resignation was given in connection with the closing of the Share Purchase and was not the result of any disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s operations, policies, or practices. Additionally, all debt due to Mr. Masters from the Company was cancelled as of the closing of the Share Purchase and recognized as contributed capital.
On April 18, 2018, to fill the vacancies created by Mr. Masters’s resignations, Ban Siong Ang and Hung Seng Tan were elected as the directors of the Company. Mr. Ang was appointed as President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board. Mr. Tan was appointed as Executive Director of the Company. Ms. Wendy Wei Li was appointed as Chief Financial Officer.
On July 3, 2018, the Company changed its name to Heyu Biological Technology Corporation, with a new ticker symbol, HYBT. The Company currently has no business operations. On July 30, 2018, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation with the State of Nevada in order to increase its authorized shares of Common Stock from 150,000,000 to 2,000,000,000.
On September 11, 2018, the Nevada Secretary of State approved the Company’s certificate of amendment to amend its Articles of Incorporation to effectuate a 100-for-1 forward stock split. The total issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock have increased from 10,324,660 to 1,032,466,000 shares, with the par value unchanged at $0.001.
On September 25, 2018, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) approved the 100 for 1 forward stock split (the “Forward Split”) with an effective date of September 25, 2018 and a pay date of September 24, 2018. In connection with the Forward Split, no fractional shares were issued, and stockholders did not need to present certificates for exchange. The consideration for the Forward Split was payable directly to each stockholder by the issuance of shares representing the split differential.
On February 28, 2021, Ms. Wendy Wei Li resigned from her position with the Company as the Chief Financial Officer. To fill the vacancies created by Ms. Wendy Wei Li’s resignation, Mr. Ang was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer. On November 30, 2021, Mr. Bo Lyu has been appointed as the Chief Financial Officer. On August 21, 2023, Mr. Bo Lyu resigned as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, and Ms. Wendy Li was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Effective May 8, 2024, Ms. Wendy Li resigned as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, and Mr. Zengqiang Lin was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company.
On February 17, 2023, the Board appointed Mr. Zengqiang Lin as a director of the Company. On August 21, 2023, Hung Seng Tan, Kwee Huwa Tan, and Senad Busatlic, resigned from the Board. On the same date, Mr. Ban Siong Ang was reappointed and reconfirmed as the Chairman of the Board, and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin, Mr. Stephan Truly Busch, and Mr. Xingjia Gao were appointed as directors. On March 27, 2024, Mr. Stephan Truly Busch resigned as a director of the Company and Ms. Qingqing Wang was appointed as Board Secretary. On May 8, 2024, Mr. Xingjia Gao resigned as a director.
On August 8, 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation with the State of Nevada to effect a one-for-ten reverse stock split pursuant to which every ten shares of common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of such split were combined into one share of common stock.
On August 21, 2023, Mr. Zengqiang Lin was also appointed as the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company.
3
Share Transfer Agreement with Mr. Yu Xu
On January 17, 2019, Jiashierle (Xiamen) Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd. (“JSEL”), a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”), and an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Share Transfer Agreement (the “Share Transfer Agreement”) with Mr. Yu Xu (“Mr. Xu”), an individual who owned 90% of the equity interests of Shanghai Kangzi Medical Technology Co., Ltd., a limited liability company organized under the laws of the PRC (“Kangzi”). Pursuant to the Share Transfer Agreement, Mr. Xu transferred 60% of the equity interests of Kangzi to JSEL on January 17, 2019 for the purpose of developing a joint venture in the business of selling medical equipment. In return, JSEL would fund the operations of Kangzi in proportion to its equity interest in Kangzi. Kangzi owned no assets and conducts no business operation of its own. As a result, as of January 17, 2019, Kangzi became an indirect subsidiary of the Company.
Share Cancellation Agreement with Mr. Ban Siong Ang
On March 15, 2019, the Company, with the approval of the Board, entered into a Share Cancellation Agreement (the “Share Cancellation Agreement”) with Mr. Ban Siong Ang, a director of the Company. Pursuant to the Share Cancellation Agreement, the Company and Mr. Ang agreed to cancel 109,006,861 shares of Common Stock previously issued to Mr. Ang.
Acquisition of the Hongchang Group
On August 21, 2023, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Hong Chang Global Investment Holdings Limited (“Hongchang BVI”) and Hongchang BVI’s stockholders, Zengqiang Investment Limited, a business company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”), and Hong Jin Investment Limited, a business company incorporated in the BVI (the “Selling Stockholders” and each a “Selling Stockholder”), in relation to the acquisition of Hongchang BVI by our Company (the “Hongchang Acquisition”). Zengqiang Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Hong Jin Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Ms. Zhenzhu Lin. Mr. Zengqiang Lin has been a director of our Company since February 17, 2023, and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin is the sister of Mr. Zengqiang Lin. In accordance with the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, the Selling Stockholders sold and transferred 100 shares of Hongchang BVI, constituting all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Hongchang BVI, to the Company in exchange for an aggregate of 415,582,375 new shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Consideration Shares”), of which 353,322,843 shares were issued to Zengqiang Investment Limited and 62,259,532 shares were issued to Hong Jin Investment Limited.
Disposal of our then-existing business
On August 21, 2023, we entered into a share purchase agreement (“Share Purchase Agreement”) with our Director, Mr. Ban Siong Ang as the buyer, to dispose of our existing assets held prior to the Hongchang Acquisition, comprising of our entire shareholding interest in HP TECHNOLOGY LIMITED, which directly and indirectly holds the equity interest in our indirect subsidiaries, Heyu Healthcare Technology Limited, Jiashierle (Xiamen) Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd. and our 60% equity interest in Shanghai Kangzi Medical Technology Co., Ltd. (the “Share Disposal”). Our Company received nominal consideration for the Share Disposal as we have determined that our shareholding interest in HP TECHNOLOGY LIMITED is of a deficit value. The Share Disposal was consummated on September 4, 2023.
Change of Name and Ticker Symbol
In November 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation with Nevada’s Secretary of State to change its name from “Heyu Biological Technology Corporation” to “Hongchang International Co., Ltd.” The Company also requested to change its OTC Markets ticker symbol from “HYBT” to “HCIL”, which was approved by FINRA and took effect as of November 28, 2023.
4
Corporate Structure
The following diagram sets forth the corporate structure of the Company as of the date of this Annual Report:
5
Cash Transfers and Distributions
No cash transfers have occurred among our subsidiaries and the Company during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. We are not aware of any restrictions on foreign exchange or limitations on transferring cash among the Company, our BVI subsidiary, and our Hong Kong subsidiary. Transfers of funds among our PRC subsidiaries are free of restrictions. The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. Remittances of funds from our PRC subsidiaries to the Company, our BVI subsidiary, and/or our Hong Kong subsidiary are subject to review and conversion of Renminbi to U.S. Dollars through the bank designated and authorized by China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to monitor foreign exchange activities.
Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval of SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements. Specifically, under the existing exchange restrictions, cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiary in China may be used to pay dividends to our company without prior approval of SAFE. However, approval from or registration with appropriate government authorities is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, we will need to obtain SAFE approval or complete certain mandatory registration procedures to use cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiary to pay any debts they may incur in a currency other than Renminbi owed to entities outside China, or to make other capital expenditure payments outside China in a currency other than Renminbi.
In addition, any transfer of funds by us to our PRC subsidiaries, either as a stockholder loan or as an increase in registered capital, is subject to approval by or registration or filing with relevant governmental authorities in China. Any foreign loans procured by our PRC subsidiaries will be required to be registered with SAFE or its local branches or satisfy relevant requirements. These restrictions may adversely affect the operations of our PRC subsidiaries. The remittance of dividends by a wholly foreign-owned company out of China is subject to examination by the banks designated by SAFE. Our PRC subsidiaries may be restricted from paying dividends to us, and if we are unable to obtain dividends from our PRC subsidiaries, if any, it may adversely impact our dividends distribution to investors (if any). See “Risk Factors — Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to utilize our income effectively and affect the value of your investment.”
Currently, we do not have cash management policies that dictate cash transfers among our Company and its subsidiaries.
During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, (1) no cash transfers have occurred between our Company and its subsidiaries; (2) none of our subsidiaries have made any dividend payment or distribution to our Company; and (3) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have made any dividends or distributions to U.S. investors. Our subsidiaries have no plans to make any distribution or dividend payment to the Company in the near future. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have plans to make any distribution or dividend payment to the investors in the near future.
Available Information
The Company expects to continue to file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Any materials filed by the Company with the SEC may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room is available by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains a website that contains annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information that issuers (including the Company) file electronically with the SEC. The Internet address of the SEC’s website is http://www.sec.gov. The address of our principal executive offices and corporate offices is Block 20, Hongchang Food Co., Ltd., Yuanhong Investment Zone, Donggao Village, Chengtou Town, Fuqing City, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350300, China. Our telephone number is (86) 180 5901 6050.
6
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item.
Risks Related to Doing Business in China
The uncertainties in the Chinese legal system could materially and adversely affect us.
In 1979, the Chinese government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws and regulations governing economic matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past four decades has significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in mainland China. However, mainland China has not developed a fully integrated legal system, and recently enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in mainland China. In particular, the Chinese legal system is based on written statutes and prior court decisions have limited value as precedents. Since these laws and regulations are relatively new and the Chinese legal system continues to rapidly evolve, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules may not be uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involves uncertainties. These uncertainties may affect our judgment on the relevance of legal requirements and our ability to enforce our contractual rights or tort claims. In addition, the regulatory uncertainties may be exploited through unmerited or frivolous legal actions or threats in attempts to extract payments or benefits from us. Furthermore, the Chinese legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all and may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of any of these policies and rules until sometime after the violation. In addition, any administrative and court proceedings in mainland China may be protracted, resulting in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention.
In July 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued a document to enhance its enforcement against illegal activities in the securities markets and promote the high-quality development of capital markets, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over Chinese companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the Chinese securities laws. Since this document is relatively new, uncertainties exist in relation to how soon legislative or administrative regulation-making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on companies like us. It is especially difficult for us to accurately predict the potential impact on the Company of new legal requirements in mainland China because the Chinese legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, prior court decisions under the civil law system may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
The Chinese government may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and significantly and adversely impact the value of our shares, including potentially making those shares worthless.
The Chinese government has significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene or influence our operations as the government deems appropriate to further regulatory, political and societal goals. The Chinese government has recently published new policies that significantly affected certain industries such as the education and internet industries, and we cannot rule out the possibility that it will in the future release regulations or policies regarding our industry that could require us to seek permission from Chinese authorities to continue to operate our business, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Furthermore, recent statements made by the Chinese government have indicated an intent to increase the government’s oversight and control over offerings of companies with significant operations in mainland China that are to be conducted in foreign markets, as well as foreign investment in China-based issuers. Any such action, if taken by the Chinese government, could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer shares to our investors and could cause the value of our shares to significantly decline or become worthless.
7
The PRC government exerts substantial influence over the manner in which our PRC subsidiaries must conduct their business activities.
The PRC government has exercised, and continues to exercise, substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership, including food trade where our PRC subsidiaries have been doing their business. Any government decisions or actions to change the way food business is regulated, or any decisions the government might make to cut spending, could adversely impact our PRC subsidiaries’ business and our results of operations. In addition, the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to operate in China may be harmed by changes in PRC laws and regulations, including those relating to food safety, taxation, environmental conditions, land use rights, property and other matters. The central or local governments of these jurisdictions may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations. Accordingly, government actions in the future, including any decision not to continue to support recent economic reforms and to return to a more centrally planned economy or regional or local variations in the implementation of economic policies, could have a significant effect on economic conditions in China or particular regions thereof, and could require us to divest ourselves of any interest we then hold in Chinese properties. The central or local governments of the jurisdictions in which our PRC subsidiaries operate may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations with little advance notice that would require additional expenditures and efforts on their part to ensure our subsidiaries’ compliance with such regulations or interpretations. Our PRC subsidiaries may incur increased costs necessary to comply with existing and newly adopted laws and regulations or penalties for any failure to comply. In the event that our PRC subsidiaries are not able to substantially comply with any existing or newly adopted laws and regulations, our business operations may be materially adversely affected and the value of our stock may significantly decrease.
Furthermore, the PRC government authorities may strengthen oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers like us. Such actions taken by the PRC government authorities may intervene or influence the operations of our PRC subsidiaries at any time, which may be beyond our control. Therefore, any such action may adversely affect the operations of our PRC subsidiaries and substantially limit or hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to you and significantly reduce the value of such securities or cause the value of such securities to be completely worthless.
We may be required under PRC laws to submit filings to CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC governmental authorities for our future offerings. However, we believe that we and our PRC subsidiaries are not currently required to obtain the approval and/or comply with other requirements of the CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC governmental authorities under PRC rules, regulations or policies in connection with our continued listing. In the event that any such approval is required or that there are other requirements we and/or our PRC subsidiaries are obligated to comply with, we cannot predict whether or how soon we and/or our PRC subsidiaries will be able to obtain such approvals and/or comply with such requirements.
We are not currently required to obtain prior approval or prior permission from the CSRC or any other Chinese regulatory authority under the Chinese laws and regulations currently in effect to issue securities to foreign investors. On February 17, 2023, the CSRC released the Trial Administrative Measures for Administration of Overseas Securities Offerings and Listings by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Measures”) and five supporting guidelines, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Trial Measures, PRC domestic companies that seek to offer and list securities overseas, directly or indirectly, should fulfill the filing procedure and report relevant information to the CSRC. The Trial Measures provides that subsequent securities offerings of an issuer in the same overseas market where it has previously offered and listed securities shall be filed with the CSRC within three (3) working days after the offering is completed, which may subject us to additional compliance requirements in the future, and we cannot assure that we will be able to get the clearance of filing procedures under the Trial Measures on a timely basis, or at all. If a PRC domestic company fails to complete the filing procedures or conceals any material fact or falsifies any major content in its filing documents, such domestic company may be subject to administrative penalties by the CSRC, such as order to rectify, warnings, fines, and its controlling stockholders, actual controllers, the person directly in charge and other directly liable persons may also be subject to administrative penalties, such as warnings and fines.
Additionally, the Trial Measures and supporting guidelines will implement a new regulatory framework requiring China-based companies to submit filings to the CSRC following the completion of future issuances of equity securities to foreign investors. The Circular on Administrative Arrangements for Filing of Overseas Issuance and Listing of Domestic Companies released by the CSRC provides that companies already listed on overseas exchanges will be grandfathered, such that prior offerings will not need to be filed with the CSRC. However, we may be required to submit filings to the CSRC in connection with future offerings, including follow-on offerings, secondary offerings, or other shelf offerings, within three working days following the completion of any such offering(s).
8
On February 24, 2023, the CSRC and other PRC governmental authorities jointly issued the revised Provisions on Strengthening Confidentiality and Archives Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Revised Confidentiality Provisions”), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. According to the Revised Confidentiality Provisions, Chinese companies that directly or indirectly conduct overseas offerings and listings, shall strictly abide by the laws and regulations on confidentiality when providing or publicly disclosing, either directly or through their overseas listed entities, materials to securities services providers. In the event such materials contain state secrets or working secrets of government agencies, the Chinese companies shall first obtain approval from authorities, and file with the secrecy administrative department at the same level with the approving authority; in the event that such materials, if divulged, will jeopardize national security or public interest, the Chinese companies shall comply with procedures stipulated by national regulations. The Chinese companies shall also provide a written statement of the specific sensitive information provided when providing materials to securities service providers, and such written statements shall be retained for inspection.
The PRC Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the “M&A Rules”) appear to require that offshore special purpose vehicles, controlled by Chinese companies or individuals formed for the purpose of seeking a public listing on an overseas stock exchange through acquisitions of Chinese domestic companies or assets in exchange for the shares of the offshore special purpose vehicles, obtain CSRC approval prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange. The interpretation and application of those regulations remain unclear.
Furthermore, in July 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly promulgated the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities in Accordance with the Law, pursuant to which Chinese regulators are required to accelerate rulemaking related to the overseas issuance and listing of securities, and update the existing laws and regulations related to data security, cross-border data flow, and management of confidential information. Numerous regulations, guidelines and other measures have been or are expected to be adopted under the umbrella of or in addition to the PRC Cyber Security Law and PRC Data Security Law. The Cybersecurity Review Measures (Decree No. 8 of the Cybersecurity Administration of the PRC), or the revised Cybersecurity Review Measures, enacted on December 28, 2021 and came into effect on February 15, 2022, require online platform operators holding over one million users’ personal information to apply for a cybersecurity review before any public offering on a foreign stock exchange. These statements and regulations are recently issued, and there remain substantial uncertainties about their interpretation and implementation.
Certain internet platforms in China have reportedly become subject to heightened regulatory scrutiny in relation to cybersecurity matters. As of the date of this Report, we have not been included within the definition of “operator of critical information infrastructure” by a competent authority, nor have we been informed by any PRC governmental authority of any requirement that we file for a cybersecurity review. However, if we are deemed to be a critical information infrastructure operator or an online platform operator that is engaged in data processing and holds personal information of more than one million users, we could be subject to PRC cybersecurity review in the future.
As there are still uncertainties regarding the interpretation and implementation of such regulatory guidance, we cannot assure investors that we will be able to comply with new regulatory requirements relating to our future overseas capital-raising activities, and we may become subject to more stringent requirements with respect to matters including data privacy and cross-border investigation and enforcement of legal claims.
If our Chinese subsidiaries do not receive or maintain approvals or inadvertently conclude that approvals needed for their business are not required or if there are changes in applicable laws (including regulations) or interpretations of laws and our Chinese subsidiaries are required but unable to obtain approvals in the future, then such changes or need for approvals (if not obtained) could adversely affect the operations of our Chinese subsidiaries, including limiting or prohibiting the ability of our Chinese subsidiaries to operate, and the value of our shares could significantly decline or become worthless.
To operate our general business activities currently conducted in mainland China, each of our Chinese subsidiaries is required to obtain a business license from the local counterpart of the State Administration for Market Regulation, or SAMR. Each of our Chinese subsidiaries has obtained a valid business license from the local counterpart of the SAMR, and no application for any such license has been denied.
9
We have not yet received any inquiry, notice, warning, or sanction regarding obtaining approval, completing filing, or other procedures in connection with our previous issuances of securities to foreign investors from the CSRC, CAC, or any other Chinese regulatory authorities that have jurisdiction over our operations. Based on our understanding of the Trial Measures and supporting guidelines, we will not be required to submit an application to the CSRC for our previous issuances of securities to foreign investors, but we may be required to submit filings with the CSRC after the completion of future securities offering in the same overseas markets. There remains uncertainty as to the interpretation and implementation of regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities, and we cannot assure you that the relevant Chinese regulatory authorities, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion as us. If, for any reason, we were to fail to obtain any approvals or to complete any filings or other procedures subsequently required by the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory authorities, future offerings of our equity securities to foreign investors may be delayed or prevented or we may face sanctions, fines, and other penalties, limitations on our ability to pay dividends outside of mainland China, limitations on our operations in mainland China, delays or restrictions on the repatriation of the proceeds from our public offerings into mainland China, or other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects, as well as the trading price of our shares. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding the aforementioned approvals, filings, or other procedures or any further laws, regulations, or interpretations that may be released or enacted in the future could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our shares, including potentially making those shares worthless.
Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to utilize our income effectively and affect the value of your investment
The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive substantially all of our income in Renminbi. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval of SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements. Specifically, under the existing exchange restrictions, cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiary in China may be used to pay dividends to our company without prior approval of SAFE. However, approval from or registration with appropriate government authorities is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, we will need to obtain SAFE approval or complete certain mandatory registration procedures to use cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiary to pay any debts they may incur in a currency other than Renminbi owed to entities outside China, or to make other capital expenditure payments outside China in a currency other than Renminbi. In addition, if any of our stockholders who is subject to SAFE regulations fails to satisfy the applicable overseas direct investment filing or approval requirement, the PRC government may restrict our access to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If we are prevented from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our foreign currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our stockholders.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
Risk management and strategy
Our Company recognizes the importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data. We have established policies and processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risk from cybersecurity threats. We assess risks from cybersecurity threats against our information systems that may result in adverse effects on our information systems or any information residing therein. We conduct periodic assessments to identify cybersecurity threats.
10
Following these risk assessments, we evaluate whether and how to re-design, implement, and maintain reasonable safeguards to mitigate identified risks and reasonably address any identified gaps in existing safeguards. Our IT leadership reports to our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to manage the risk assessment and mitigation process. We monitor and test our safeguards and train our employees on these safeguards, in collaboration with human resources, IT, and management. We aim to promote a company-wide culture of cybersecurity risk management.
Risks from Cybersecurity Threats
We have
Governance
Our cybersecurity coordinator is responsible for assessing and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats, in close collaboration with our IT team and periodically reports to our CEO. This ensures that the senior management are kept abreast of the cybersecurity posture and potential risks faced by the Company.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal executive offices and corporate offices which are located at Block 20, Hongchang Food Co., Ltd., Yuanhong Investment Zone, Donggao Village, Chengtou Town, Fuqing City, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China, 350300, the total gross floor area is approximately 800 square meters, or 8,611.13 square feet.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. There are currently no legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
11
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
There is limited public trading market for our Common Stock; our Common Stock is quoted on the OTC Pink Market under the symbol “HCIL.”
The market price of our Common Stock is subject to significant fluctuations in response to variations in our quarterly operating results, general trends in the market, and other factors, over many of which we have little or no control. In addition, broad market fluctuations, as well as general economic, business, and political conditions, may adversely affect the market for our Common Stock, regardless of our actual or projected performance. Trading in stocks quoted on the OTC Pink Market is often thin and is characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices due to many factors that may have little to do with a company’s operations or business prospects. We cannot assure you that there will be a market for our Common Stock in the future.
The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales price per share of our Common Stock for the periods indicated. The prices represent inter-dealer quotations, which do not include retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
| FISCAL YEAR 2023 | HIGH | LOW | ||||||
| First Quarter | $ | 0.8295 | $ | 0.0130 | ||||
| Second Quarter | 2.1000 | 0.7940 | ||||||
| Third Quarter | 2.8980 | 0.2931 | ||||||
| Fourth Quarter | 0.6000 | 0.2222 | ||||||
| FISCAL YEAR 2024 | HIGH | LOW | ||||||
| First Quarter | $ | 0.3520 | $ | 0.2222 | ||||
| Second Quarter | 0.3000 | 0.2001 | ||||||
| Third Quarter | 0.3020 | 0.2001 | ||||||
| Fourth Quarter | 0.2720 | 0.1026 | ||||||
As of March 27, 2025, the last sale price reported on the OTC Pink Market for our Common Stock was $0.155 per share.
Dividend Policy
We have not paid any dividends on our Common Stock and do not intend to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Stockholders of Record
As of March 28, 2025, we had 724 holders of record of our Common Stock. This number excludes any estimate by us of the number of beneficial owners of shares held in street name, the accuracy of which cannot be guaranteed.
12
Effective August 11, 1993, the SEC adopted Rule 15g-9, which established the definition of a “penny stock,” for purposes relevant to the Company, as any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or with an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require: (i) that a broker or dealer approve a person’s account for transactions in penny stocks; and (ii) that the broker or dealer receive from the investor a written agreement to the transaction, setting forth the identity and quantity of the penny stock to be purchased. In order to approve a person’s account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must (i) obtain financial information and investment experience and objectives of the person; and (ii) make a reasonable determination that the transactions in penny stocks are suitable for that person and that person has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial matters to be capable of evaluating the risks of transactions in penny stocks. The broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared by the Commission relating to the penny stock market, which, in highlight form, (i) sets forth the basis on which the broker or dealer made the suitability determination; and (ii) states that the broker or dealer received a signed, written agreement from the investor prior to the transaction. Disclosure also has to be made about the risks of investing in penny stock in both public offerings and in secondary trading, and about commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and the rights and remedies available to an investor in cases of fraud in penny stock transactions. Finally, monthly statements have to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks.
Transfer Agent
The transfer agent for our capital stock is Standard Registrar and Transfer Company, Inc., located at 440 East 400 South, Suite 200, Salt Lake City, UT 84111. Their telephone number is (801) 571-8844.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Currently, there is no equity compensation plan in place for the Company.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we did not have sales of unregistered securities other than those already disclosed in the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q in the fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022 and current reports on Form 8-K. There were no repurchases of the common stock of the Company by the Company during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
ITEM 6. RESERVED
Not applicable.
13
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations relates to the operations and financial condition reported in our consolidated financial statements, which appear elsewhere in this Report, and should be read in conjunction with such financial statements and related notes included in this Report. Except for the historical information contained herein, the following discussion, as well as other information in this Report, contain “forward-looking statements,” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. Actual results and the timing of the events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to many factors, including those discussed in the “Forward-Looking Statements” set forth elsewhere in this Report.
Overview
Hongchang International Co., Ltd (the “Company”, formerly known as Heyu Biological Technology Corporation) was incorporated in the state of Nevada on May 18, 1987.
Hongchang Global Investment Holdings Limited (“Hongchang BVI”)) was incorporated in British Virgin Island under the laws of the British Virgin Islands in January 2023. Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd. (“Hongchang Food”, or the “Operating Entity”) was established in September 2017, and primarily engages in the construction of and investment in Hongchang Food Industrial Park project. Its main asset is its investment in the food industrial park, which was obtained by bidding in September 2020 and is currently under construction. Upon completion of such project, Hongchang Food will engage in the core businesses of food trade. Hongchang Food has commenced limited sales operations in 2023, during which revenue has been recognized. Hongchang Food Industrial Park is part of the third batch of key projects in Fujian Province, PRC, and is located adjacent to the Taiwan Strait in Fujian province, PRC, in the Fuqing Functional Zone of Fuzhou New District, in the Yuanhong Investment Zone, which is jointly developed by the PRC and Indonesia.
On September 4, 2023, the Company completed the merger and other related transactions (the “Merger Transactions”) with Hongchang BVI, as a result of which Hongchang BVI became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the Company assumed and began conducting the principal business of Hongchang Food.
Results of Operations
The following chart provides a summary of our results of operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:
| Fiscal Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Net revenue | $ | 2,867,102 | $ | 2,675,789 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | (2,685,470 | ) | (2,606,431 | ) | ||||
| Gross profit | 181,632 | 69,358 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | (564,958 | ) | (538,930 | ) | ||||
| Loss from operations | (383,326 | ) | (469,572 | ) | ||||
| Total other income (expense) | (111,370 | ) | 24,873 | |||||
| Loss before income taxes | (494,696 | ) | (444,699 | ) | ||||
| Income tax benefit | (22,303 | ) | (65,905 | ) | ||||
| Net loss | $ | (472,393 | ) | $ | (378,794 | ) | ||
| Basic net loss per share | $ | (0.00 | ) | $ | (0.00 | ) | ||
14
Revenue
Our business is in its early stages, revenue represents the sales of goods supplied to customers, and sales are primarily driven by the demand from customer. The growth of our revenue will be primarily driven by increasing our product variety, expanding the distribution network, both in China and overseas and the initiation of other projects or business lines in the future. Revenue is influenced by potential competitors entering the market, economic conditions, pricing, inflation, product diversification, and customer consumption habits. We generated revenue of $2,867,102 for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $2,675,789 for the year ended 2023, due to launch of our new beef and mutton supplying business at the end of 2024.
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenues represents costs and expenses directly attributable to the purchase of our products sold and delivered, and direct labor costs. Cost of revenues was $2,685,470 for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $2,606,431 for the year ended 2023, due to the increase in sales.
Gross profit and margin
Gross profit is the difference between revenue and cost of revenue. Our cost of revenue mainly includes purchasing raw material and prepackaged products. The supply and prices of our products may be influenced by various factors, including product types, seasonal fluctuations, demand, and macroeconomic environment. Due to the increase in the prices of our suppliers’ goods, we may not be able to raise prices to compensate for the increased costs, which will have a negative impact on our business results and profitability. We believe that if our strategic business development plan can proceed smoothly, we will collaborate with more suppliers to expand our product supply range and establish mature procurement plans to control costs.
Gross margin is gross profit divided by revenue. Gross margin is a measure used by management to indicate whether we are selling products at an appropriate gross profit. Our gross margin is influenced by product prices, product combinations, availability, and discounts, as some products typically offer higher gross profit margins, as well as the impact of our product costs, which may vary. At present, we offer competitive prices to attract and retain customers. In the future, as we grow, we will launch diversified products and competitive services to increase market share. We regularly evaluate the profitability of its products. We had a gross profit of $181,632 and $69,358 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Operating expenses
Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses.
Sales and marketing expenses
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising expenses, gift expenses and sample fees. We incurred advertising expenses of $1,353 and $nil for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
General and administrative expenses
We incurred general and administrative expenses of $560,577 and $538,902 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Income tax expense
We incurred income tax benefit of $22,303 and $65,905 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Net loss
As a result of the foregoing, we reported a net loss of $472,393 and $378,794 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively.
15
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following chart provides a summary of our key balance sheet items for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements, and notes thereto, included with this Report at Part II, Item 8, below.
| Year ended December 31 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||
| Cash | $ | 240,598 | $ | 895,730 | ||||
| Accounts receivables, net | $ | 52,514 | $ | 742,851 | ||||
| Amount due from a related party | 38,360 | 141 | ||||||
| Other receivables, net | $ | 6,854,374 | $ | 1,106,574 | ||||
| Other current assets | $ | 936,230 | $ | 1,128,598 | ||||
| Total current assets | $ | 8,126,102 | $ | 3,960,742 | ||||
| Construction-in-progress | $ | 41,264,766 | $ | 41,423,399 | ||||
| Land use right, net | $ | 3,909,114 | $ | 4,118,101 | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 57,451,227 | $ | 50,215,568 | ||||
| Accounts payable-construction in progress | $ | 12,289 | $ | 18,493 | ||||
| Amounts due to a related party - current portion | $ | 6,289,440 | - | |||||
| Total current liabilities | $ | 6,691,706 | $ | 1,055,203 | ||||
| Amounts due to a related party | $ | 3,493,486 | $ | 6,682,959 | ||||
| Total non-current liabilities | $ | 11,986,051 | $ | 8,672,422 | ||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 18,677,757 | $ | 9,727,625 | ||||
| Total equity | $ | 38,773,470 | $ | 40,487,943 | ||||
As of December 31, 2024, we had US$240,598 in cash, as compared to US$895,730 as of December 31, 2023. We continued financing our daily operation and construction in progress in 2024.
As of December 31, 2024, our construction in progress balance amounted to approximately US$41,264,766, as compared to US$41,423,399 as of December 31, 2023. This reflects the construction progress of our Hongchang Food Industrial Park.
Capital Expenditure Commitment as of December 31, 2024
As of December 31, 2024, the Company has entered into several contracts for construction of the Hongchang Food Industrial Park and the improvement of Industrial Buildings. Total outstanding commitments under these contracts were $9,275,828 and $18,492,173 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company expected to pay off all the balances within 1-3 years.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods presented:
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (7,337,639 | ) | $ | 750,521 | |||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (3,504,356 | ) | $ | (41,679,473 | ) | ||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 10,204,753 | $ | 40,942,007 | ||||
| Effect of foreign exchange on cash | $ | (17,890 | ) | $ | 879,534 | |||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash | $ | (655,132 | ) | $ | 892,589 | |||
| Cash at the beginning of the year | $ | 895,730 | $ | 3,141 | ||||
| Cash at the end of the year | $ | 240,598 | $ | 895,730 | ||||
16
Operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was US$7,337,639, which primarily reflected our net loss of US$472,394 as mainly adjusted for amortization of US$90,510, and adjustment for changes in working capital primarily consisting of a decrease in accounts receivable of US$677,615 and increase in other current assets of US$183,013 offset by (i) decrease in accounts payable of US$640,421, (ii) increase in other receivable of US$6,920,988 and (iii) decrease in accrued expenses and other payables of US$236,528.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 was US$750,521, which primarily reflected our net loss of US$378,794 as mainly adjusted for amortization of US$88,173, and adjustment for changes in working capital primarily consisting of an increase in other current assets of US$1,058,798 offset by (i) increase in deferred subsidies of US$1,990,873, (ii) increase in accounts payable of US$645,831 and (iii) increase in accrued expenses and other payables of US$313,708.
Investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was US$3,504,356 and US$41,679,473, mainly attributable to the purchase of property and equipment and payments for acquisitions of businesses.
Financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was US$10,204,753, primarily due to (i) proceeds from long term loans of US$6,884,567 and (ii) loans from related parties of US$8,926,432 and repayments to related parties US$5,606,246.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 was US$40,942,007, primarily due to (i) capital contributions made by stockholders of US$41,241,108 and (ii) loan from a related party of US$2,900,289 and repayments to a related party of US$3,199,390.
Critical Accounting Policies Involving Critical Accounting Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements. These financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities and revenue and expenses, to disclose contingent assets and liabilities on the date of the consolidated financial statements, and to disclose the reported amounts of revenue and expenses incurred during the financial reporting period. The most significant estimates and assumptions include the assessment of the expected credit losses for receivables and the recoverability of long-lived assets. We continue to evaluate these estimates and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. We rely on these evaluations as the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. We believe critical accounting policies as disclosed in this report reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
The critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates that we believe to have the most significant impact on our consolidated financial statements are described below, which should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and other disclosures included in this report. When reviewing our financial statements, you should consider:
| ● | our selection of critical accounting policies; |
| ● | the judgments and other uncertainties affecting the application of such policies; |
| ● | the sensitivity of reported results to changes in conditions and assumptions. |
17
We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (i) the accounting estimate requires us to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made, and (ii) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period or use of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We consider our critical accounting estimates include (i) allowance for expected credit losses for accounts receivable and (ii) impairment of long-lived assets.
The following critical accounting policies rely upon assumptions and estimates and were used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:
Allowance of Expected Credit Losses
The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” on January 1, 2023 using a modified retrospective approach. ASC 326 introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts, which replaces the previous incurred loss impairment model. The expected credit loss impairment model requires the entity to recognize its estimate of expected credit losses for affected financial assets using an allowance for credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates.
Our account receivables, advance to suppliers, other receivables and long-term prepayments are within the scope of ASC Topic 326. We use the loss-rate method to evaluate the expected credit losses on an individual basis. When establishing the loss rate, we make the assessment on various factors, including historical experience, credit-worthiness of debtors, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect its ability to collect from the debtors. We also provide specific provisions for allowance when facts and circumstances indicate that the receivable is unlikely to be collected. Expected credit losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income(loss). After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance. There were no expected credit loss for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Impairment of long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets with finite lives, primarily property and equipment, construction in progress, intangible assets and land use right, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the estimated cash flows from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are below the asset’s carrying value, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and written down to its fair value. Impairment charge recognized for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $2,837 and $nil, respectively.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Pursuant to Item 305(e) of Regulation S-K (§ 229.305(e)), the Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item as it is a “smaller reporting company,” as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1).
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The consolidated financial statements and supplementary data required with respect to this Item 8, and as identified in Item 15 of this Report, are included in this Report.
18
ITEM 9. CHANGES OF INDEPENDENT CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as a result of a material weakness primarily related to a lack of a sufficient number of personnel with appropriate training and experience in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. To remediate the material weakness, in the near future, subject to our internal resources permitting, we intend to hire more personnel with sufficient training and experience in U.S. GAAP.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such item is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, for the company. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of its management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our current chief executive officer we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on the framework set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our evaluation under this framework, current management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of the evaluation dates due to the same reasons illustrated in “Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures” above.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within any company have been detected.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
19
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The following table sets forth information regarding each of our current directors and executive officers:
Our Directors and Executive Officers
| Name | Age | Position | ||
| Zengqiang Lin | 28 | Director, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and President | ||
| Ban Siong Ang | 50 | Director and Chairman of the Board | ||
| Zhenzhu Lin | 32 | Director | ||
| Qingqing Wang | 31 | Board Secretary |
Business Experience
The following is a brief account of the education and business experience of each director and executive officer of the Company: (1) such person’s name; (2) the year in which such person was first elected a director of the Company; (3) all positions and offices with the Company held by such person; (4) the business experience of such person during the past five years; (5) certain other directorships, if any, held by such person; and briefly discusses the specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that led to the conclusion that each such person should serve as a director for us.
Mr. Zengqiang Lin has been our director since February 17, 2023, and in connection with the acquisition of Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd., was appointed as our Chief Executive Officer and President on August 21, 2023. Mr. Zengqiang Lin is one of the founders and has served as the chairman of the board of directors of Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd, an international food trading company since 2017. He also held the position of manager at Xizang Changhui Construction Engineering Co., Ltd from July 2015 to May 2017. Mr. Lin has a wealth of experience in business operation, supply chain management, and market expansion.
Mr. Ban Siong Ang has been our Director and Chairman of the Board since April 18, 2018. He graduated from the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, in 1998 and completed his Doctor of Philosophy in International Finance (Honoris Causa) from Gideon Robert University in 2017. Upon his graduation from the University of Southern Queensland, he started his career and worked as Senior Officer in Bursa Malaysia Depository Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange) between 1998 and 2004. From 2004 to 2009, he served as the Director and principal consultant for Golden Design Renovation and Construction Sdn Bhd. Between 2010 and 2011, he served as General Manager and Directors for E-World Films Production Limited. In 2012, he founded Heyu Group of Companies in China, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. Heyu Group of Companies are engaged in Leisure and Hotels management, Biotechnology, Finance and Investment, Brand Franchising, Advance Entertainment Technology, Event Management, Property Development and Management, land & real estate property development, etc. He is responsible for the formulation and implementation of the Heyu Group of Companies’ corporate strategies as well as in charge of the corporate finance and investment management aspects of the Group due to his acute knowledge with rich experience, strong commitment, innovative and dynamic personality. He also as a member of “The Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS)” in Canada. In view of Mr. Ang’s humanitarian sectors, his outstanding contributions to establish, promote and protect humanity, Peace, Culture Human resource development and Education for the well-being of human society through volunteerism, he was also bestowed the Royal Orders from the State of Pahang in Malaysia.
20
Ms. Zhenzhu Lin serves as our Director from August 21, 2023. Ms. Lin is one of the founders and has served as directors of Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd, an international food trading company since 2017. Prior to her current role, Ms. Lin served as the general manager of Xizang Changhui Construction Engineering Co., Ltd from December 2008 to May 2017. Ms. Lin has extensive experience in the company from the grassroots to the management level.
Ms. Qingqing Wang serves as our Board Secretary from March 27, 2024. Ms. Wang graduated from Minnan Normal University in the PRC with a bachelor’s degree in financial management in 2015, and holds an intermediate accountant certificate and an assistant financial planner certificate. Ms. Wang worked at Fuqing Greens Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. from March 2015 to October 2016 as an accounting assistant. From November 2016 to October 2021, she worked at Fuzhou Zhihui Auto Sales and Service Co., Ltd. as an accounting supervisor. From November 2021 to October 2022, she served at Fujian Zhihuishuan Finance and Taxation Consulting Co., Ltd. as an accounting supervisor. Ms. Wang joined our Company in November 2022 as a financial manager and is responsible for the daily management of the group’s financial department.
Family Relationships
Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin are siblings. None of our other directors or executive officers have a family relationship as defined in Item 401 of Regulation S-K.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:
| ● | been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); |
| ● | had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time; |
| ● | been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity; |
| ● | been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated; |
| ● | been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or |
21
| ● | been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member. |
Director Independence
After review of all relevant transactions or relationships between each director, or any of his or her family members, our Board has determined that there is no “independent director” as defined under the Nasdaq listing standards. Pursuant to the applicable Nasdaq listing standards, an “independent director” refers to a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the company’s board of directors, would interfere with the director’s exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Our common stock is not currently listed on Nasdaq.
Committees of the Board of the Company
We do not have a standing nominating, compensation, or audit committee. Rather, our full Board performs the functions of these committees. We do not believe it is necessary for our Board to appoint such committees because the volume of matters that come before our Board for consideration permits the directors to give sufficient time and attention to such matters to be involved in all decision making. Additionally, because our Common Stock is not listed for trading or quotation on a national securities exchange, we are not required to have such committees.
Code of Ethics
We adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code is filed hereto as Exhibit 14.1 and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Insider Trading Policy
We have
Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors, executive officers, and greater than 10% beneficial owners of our Common Stock to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. Directors, executive officers, and greater than 10% stockholders are required by the rules and regulations of the SEC to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) reports they file. Based solely on the Company’s review of the copies of such forms it has received and written representations from certain reporting persons with respect to the period from January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024, the Company believes that all of its officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners, complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to them during the Company’s most recently completed fiscal year.
22
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following is a summary of the compensation we paid to our executive officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 for the Company.
| Name | Year | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) | Stock Awards ($) | Option Awards ($) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) | Nonqualified deferred compensation earnings ($) | All Other Compensation ($) | Total ($) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zengqiang Lin | 2024 | 3,335 | - | - | - | - | - | 3,335 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CEO, CFO, President and Director | 2023 | 1,130 | - | - | - | - | - | 1,130 | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Wendy Li(2) | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Former CFO | 2023 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bo Lyu(3) | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Former CFO | 2023 | 64,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 64,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Such amounts were accrued based on his appointment date in 2023. Mr. Zengqiang Lin was appointed as a director of the Company on February 17, 2023, and also as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company on August 21, 2023, and as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company on May 8, 2024. |
| (2) | Ms. Wendy Li was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company on August 21, 2023, and resigned from her position on May 8, 2024. |
| (3) | Mr. Bo Lyu was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company on November 30, 2021, and resigned from his position on August 21, 2023. |
Aggregated Option Exercises and Fiscal Year-End Option Value Table
There were no stock options exercised since the date of our inception by the executive officers.
Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) Awards Table
There were no awards made to any named executive officers in the last completed fiscal year under any LTIP.
Employment Agreements
The Company has entered into employment agreements with officers and other key employees.
Compensation of Directors
The following is a summary of the compensation we paid to our non-executive directors, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
| Name | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) | Stock Awards ($) | Option Awards ($) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) | Nonqualified deferred compensation earnings ($) | All Other Compensation ($) | Total ($) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ban Siong Ang | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Zhenzhu Lin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stephan Truly Busch (1) | 5,000 | - | - | - | - | - | 5,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Xingjia Gao (2) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Mr. Stephan Truly Busch was appointed as a director of the Company on August 21, 2023 and resigned from his position on March 27, 2024. |
| (2) | Mr. Xingjia Gao was appointed as a director of the Company on August 21, 2023, and resigned from his position on May 8, 2024. |
We do not currently have an established policy to provide compensation to members of our Board for their services in that capacity.
23
Option Plan
We currently do not have a Stock Option Plan. However, we may issue stock options pursuant to a Stock Option Plan in the future. Such stock options may be awarded to management, employees, and members of the Board and consultants of the Company.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth certain information, as of March 28, 2025, with respect to the beneficial ownership of the outstanding common stock by (i) any holder of more than five (5%) percent; (ii) each of the Company’s executive officers and directors; and (iii) the Company’s directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, the beneficial owners have sole voting and investment power, as applicable, over the shares of common stock listed below. For each individual and group included in the table below, percentage ownership is calculated by dividing (a) the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by such person or group by (b) the sum of the shares of common stock outstanding as of March 28, 2025, plus the number of shares of common stock that such person or group had the right to acquire on or within 60 days after March 28, 2025. The address for each individual listed below is Block 20, Hongchang Food Co., Ltd. Yuanhong Investment Zone, Donggao Village, Chengtou Town, Fuqing City, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350300, PRC, unless otherwise noted. Currently, there are no equity compensation plans in place for the Company.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (1) | Number of Shares(2) | Percentage(3) | ||||||
| Directors and Executive Officers | ||||||||
| Zengqiang Lin(4) | 353,322,843 | 68.1 | % | |||||
| Ban Siong Ang | 56,011,747 | 10.8 | % | |||||
| Zhenzhu Lin(5) | 62,259,532 | 12.0 | % | |||||
| Qingqing Wang | - | - | ||||||
| Directors and officers as a group (four persons) | 471,594,122 | 90.9 | % | |||||
| Other 5% or more stockholders | - | - | ||||||
| (1) | Except as otherwise indicated, the persons named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by them, subject to community property laws where applicable and to the information contained in the footnotes to this table. |
| (2) | The number of shares of common stock reflects the 100-for-1 forward stock split effective on September 25, 2018, and the 1-for-10 reverse stock split effective on August 14, 2023. |
| (3) | Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Pursuant to Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which a stockholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any shares which the stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days, including upon exercise of common shares purchase options or warrants. |
| (4) | Mr. Zengqiang Lin is the sole stockholder of Zengqiang Investment Limited. Mr. Zengqiang Lin is the sibling of Ms. Zhenzhu Lin. Ms. Zhenzhu Lin and Mr. Zengqiang Lin are not acting in concert to acquire interests in the securities of our Company and Mr. Zengqiang Lin expressly disclaims any interest in the securities of our Company held directly or indirectly by Ms. Zhenzhu Lin. |
| (5) | Ms. Zhenzhu Lin is the sole stockholder of Hong Jin Investment Limited. Ms. Zhenzhu Lin is the sibling of Mr. Zengqiang Lin. Ms. Zhenzhu Lin and Mr. Zengqiang Lin are not acting in concert to acquire interests in the securities of our Company and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin expressly disclaims any interest in the securities of our Company held directly or indirectly by Mr. Zengqiang Lin. |
24
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Related Person Transactions
The following sets out the transactions or series of similar transactions to which we were or will be a party in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and in which any director, nominee for director, executive officer, beneficial holder of more than 5% of our common stock or any member of their immediate family or any entity affiliated with any of the foregoing persons had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, other than equity and other compensation, termination, change of control and other arrangements, which are described under “Executive Compensation.
Loan Agreements with Related Parties
As of December 31, 2024 we obtained several loans from Mr. Zengqiang Lin, the CEO of the Company, with an aggregate principal amount of approximately $9.2 million, The loan agreement was signed on April 1, 2023, Hongchang Food would be able to obtain aggregate maximum loans of up to RMB60.0 million (US$8.5 million) from Mr. Zengqiang Lin for the period from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2026.The loan is unsecured and non-interest bearing.
Controlling Stockholder
Zengqiang Investment Limited is the investment vehicle of our controlling stockholder and director, Mr. Zengqiang Lin, and directly owns 67.1% of our shares of common stock.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The following table provides information about the fees billed to us for professional services rendered by external accounting firms and auditing firms during fiscal years 2024 and 2023:
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Audit Fees | $ | 109,000 | $ | 80,000 | ||||
| Tax Fees | 3,800 | - | ||||||
| Total | $ | 112,800 | $ | 80,000 | ||||
Audit Fees
Audit fees consist of fees for the audit of our annual financial statements or services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory annual and quarterly filings or engagements.
Tax Fees.
Tax fees consist of fees for tax compliance services, tax advice and tax planning. During the fiscal years of 2024 and 2023, the services provided in this category included assistance and advice in relation to the preparation of corporate income tax returns.
Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures.
Our Board pre-approved all services to be provided by WWC, Professional Corporation.
25
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) (1) Index to Financial Statements
| (2) | ALL OTHER SCHEDULES HAVE BEEN OMITTED BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT APPLICABLE OR THE REQUIRED INFORMATION IS SHOWN IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OR NOTES THERETO. |
| (3) | List of Exhibits |
26
| (1) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10-12G, as filed with the SEC on July 16, 1999, and incorporated herein by this reference. |
| (2) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on July 6, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (3) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on August 3, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (4) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on September 14, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (5) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on November 21, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (6) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10-12G, as filed with the SEC on July 16, 1999, and incorporated herein by this reference. |
| (7) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as filed with the SEC on November 13, 2018, and incorporated herein by this reference. |
| (8) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (9) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on November 24, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (10) | Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 23, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (11) | Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on August 23, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (12) | Filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on August 23, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| (13) | Filed as exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on August 23, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference. |
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 herewith are deemed to accompany this Form 10-K and will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. |
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
27
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on March 28,2025.
| Hongchang International Co., Ltd | ||
| By: | /s/ Zengqiang Lin | |
| Name: | Zengqiang Lin | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, | |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated below:
| Signature | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Zengqiang Lin | Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Director | March 28, 2025 | ||
| Zengqiang Lin | (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ Ban Siong Ang | Director | March 28, 2025 | ||
| Ban Siong Ang | ||||
| /s/ Zhenzhu Lin | Director | March 28, 2025 | ||
| Zhenzhu Lin |
28
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
| To: | The Board of Directors and Stockholders |
| Hongchang International Co., Ltd |
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hongchang International Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows in each of the years for the two-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments.
We determined that there is no critical audit matter.
/s/ WWC, P.C.
Certified Public Accountants
PCAOB ID No.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
March 28, 2025
F-1
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| ASSETS: | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Amount due from a related party | ||||||||
| Other receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventories, net | ||||||||
| Advance to supplier | ||||||||
| Advance to supplier-related party | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Non-current assets: | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Construction-in-progress | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Land use right, net | ||||||||
| Other non-current assets | ||||||||
| Total non-current assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | ||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Long-term loans -current portion | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||
| Accounts payable-construction in progress | ||||||||
| Advances from customers | ||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties -current portion | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Non-current liabilities | ||||||||
| Deferred subsidies | ||||||||
| Long term loans | ||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | ||||||||
| Total non-current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Common stock (US$ | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Statutory reserves | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total Hongchang International Co., Ltd’s stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | ||||||||
| Total equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-2
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income(Loss)
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Net revenue: | ||||||||
| Cost of revenue | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||
| Sales and marketing expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Intangible asset impairment charge | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Operating loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Interest income | ||||||||
| Other income | ||||||||
| Other expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Income tax benefit | ||||||||
| Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other comprehensive loss net of tax: | ||||||||
| Foreign currency translation difference net of tax | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | ( | ) | ||||||
| Less: comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest | ||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Hongchang International Co., Ltd’s common stockholders | ( | ) | ||||||
| Loss per share: | ||||||||
| Common stocks - basic and diluted | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted loss per share: | ||||||||
| Common stocks - basic and diluted | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
| Ordinary Shares | Subscription | Additional Paid-in | Statutory | Accumulated | Accumulated other comprehensive | Total Hongchang International Co., Ltd stockholder's | Non- controlling | Total Stockholder’s | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Receivable | Capital | Reserve | Deficit | income (loss) | equity | interests | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2023 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contribution from shareholder | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deemed issuance of share upon the Merger transaction | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2024 | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appropriation of statutory reserve | - | ( | ) | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Intangible asset impairment charge | ||||||||
| Accrued interest income derived from loan to third party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Deferred tax benefit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Gain on disposal of subsidiary | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Amount due from a related party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventories | ( | ) | ||||||
| Advance to supplier | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Advance to supplier-related party | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other non-current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ( | ) | ||||||
| Advance from customers | ||||||||
| Deferred subsidies | ||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Prepayment for acquisition of businesses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Purchases of software | ( | ) | ||||||
| Loans to related parties | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash disposed on disposal of subsidiary | ( | ) | - | |||||
| Repayments from a related party | ||||||||
| Repayments from a third party | ||||||||
| Loan to third party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Capital contribution by stockholders | ||||||||
| Proceeds from long term loans | ||||||||
| Repayments to related parties | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Loans from related parties | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash at beginning of year | ||||||||
| Cash at end of year | ||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | ||||||||
| Interest paid | ||||||||
| Interest capitalized | ||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions | ||||||||
| Accrued but unpaid interest capitalized in construction-in-progress | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. ORGANIZATION
(a) Nature of operations
Hongchang International Co.,
Ltd (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Nevada on May 18, 1987. The Company is a holding company. The immediate
and ultimate holding company of the Company is Zengqiang Investment Limited, a business company incorporated in the BVI which owns
On September 4, 2023, Heyu Biological Technology Corporation (“HYBT”), the Company’s predecessor, completed the merger and other related transactions (the “Merger Transactions”) with Hongchang Global Investment Holdings Limited (“Hongchang BVI”), as a result of which Hongchang BVI became a wholly-owned subsidiary of HYBT and HYBT assumed and began conducting the principal business of Hongchang BVI. The name of the Company was changed from “Heyu Biological Technology Corporation” to “Hongchang International Co., Ltd.” (HCIL).
The “Group” means (i) prior to the completion of the Reorganization, Hongchang BVI and its subsidiaries that engage in businesses of food trade and biotechnology in China (ii) upon and after completion of the Merger Transactions, the Company and its subsidiaries that engage in businesses of food trade and biotechnology in China.
(b) History and reorganization of the Group
In preparation of the Merger
Transactions, the following transactions were undertaken to reorganize the legal structure of Operating Entity (“Reorganization”).
On January 13, 2023, Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin, the existing stockholders of Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd (“Hongchang
Food”) established two wholly-owned subsidiaries (“BVI-1” and “BVI-2”) in British Virgin Island, respectively.
On January 18, 2023, Hong Chang Global Investment Holdings Limited (“Hongchang BVI”) was then incorporated by BVI-1 and BVI-2
which held
(c) Reverse merger
On August 21, 2023, HYBT entered
into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Hongchang BVI and Hongchang BVI’s stockholders,
Zengqiang Investment Limited, a business company incorporated in the BVI, and Hong Jin Investment Limited, a business company incorporated
in the BVI (the “Selling Stockholders” and each a “Selling Stockholder”), in relation to the acquisition of Hongchang
BVI by HYBT (the “Hongchang Acquisition”). Zengqiang Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Hong Jin
Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Ms. Zhenzhu Lin. Mr. Zengqiang Lin has been a director of HYBT since February 17, 2023, and Ms.
Zhenzhu Lin is the sister of Mr. Zengqiang Lin. In accordance with the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, the Selling Stockholders
sold and transferred
F-6
1. ORGANIZATION (cont.)
(c) Reverse merger (cont.)
Immediately following the
closing of the Hongchang Acquisition, HYBT had a total of
As HYBT, the legal acquirer and accounting acquiree, does not meet the definition of a business, management concluded that the Merger should be accounted for as a continuation of the financial statements of Hongchang BVI (the legal subsidiary), together with a deemed issue of shares and a re-capitalization of the equity of Hongchang BVI. Hongchang BVI is the continuing entity and is deemed to have issued shares in exchange for the identifiable net assets held by HYBT together with the listing status of HYBT. Management concluded that September 4, 2023 is the acquisition date of the Merger.
Upon the reverse merge, the Company has set up a few new subsidiaries：Fujian Hongchang Global Food Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Global Food”), Fujian Hongchang Global Import & Export Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Import & Export”), and Fujian Hongchang Global Supply Chain Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Supply Chain”), in order for the company to develop different businesses. As date of this report, these subsidiaries have not generated significant revenue.
In May 2024, the Company set up a new subsidiary Hongfu Food (Fujian) Co., Ltd (“Hongfu Food”), which is mainly engaged in the initial processing of agricultural products, specializing in pork segmentation and trade. Hongfu Food purchasing pork as raw materials and processing or dividing them into various finished products according to customer needs, or through secondary segmentation into various specifications of packed finished products.
Based on above transactions, the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the activities of each of the following entities:
| Entity | Place of incorporation | Percentage of direct or indirect ownership by the Company | Principal activities | |||
| Subsidiaries: | ||||||
| Hong Chang Global Investment Holdings Limited (Hongchang BVI) | ||||||
| Hong Chang Biotechnologies (HK) Limited (Hongchang HK) | ||||||
| Fujian Hongjin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (WFOE) | ||||||
| Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd (Hongchang Food) | ||||||
| Fujian Hongchang Global Food Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Global Food”) | ||||||
| Fuqing Hongchang Global Import & Export Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Import&Export”) | ||||||
| Fuqing Hongchang Global Supply Chain Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Supply Chain”) | ||||||
| Hongchang Global (Fuqing City) Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd (“Hongchang Agricultural”) | ||||||
| Hongfu Food (Fujian) Co., Ltd (“Hongfu Food”) |
F-7
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Through the Reorganization, the Company became the holding company of the companies now comprising the Group. Accordingly, for the purpose of preparation of the consolidated financial statements of the Group, the Company is considered as the holding company of the companies now comprising the Group throughout the reporting period. Through the Reorganization, the Company became the holding company of the contributed businesses now comprising the Group, which were under the common control of the controlling stockholder before and after the Reorganization. Accordingly, the financial statements were prepared on a consolidated basis by applying the principles of the pooling of interest method as if the Reorganization had been completed at the date when contributed business first came under the control of the controlling party. The consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity and cash flows of the Group included the results and cash flows of all companies now comprising the Group from the earliest date presented or since the date when the subsidiaries and/or businesses first came under the common control of the controlling stockholder, whenever the period is shorter.
Principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenue and expenses during the reported period in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Group’s consolidated financial statements mainly include, but are not limited to, assessment for impairment of long-lived assets, valuation of deferred tax assets and current expected credit loss of receivables.
Management bases the estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions as discussed elsewhere to the consolidated financial statements that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates based on information that is currently available. Changes in circumstances, facts and experience may cause the Group to revise its estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.
Foreign Currency
For fiscal year 2024, the
Group’s principal country of operations is the PRC. The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in US$. The
functional currency of the Company is US$, and the functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries is RMB. The consolidated financial
statements are translated into US$ from RMB at year-end exchange rates as to assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenues
and expenses. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred. The resulting
translation adjustments are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity included in other comprehensive (loss) income.
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| RMB: US$ exchange rate | ||||||||
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| RMB: US$ exchange rate | ||||||||
The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US$ at the rates used in translation.
F-8
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Cash
Cash consists of cash on hand
and cash in bank, which are highly liquid and have original maturities of three months or less and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or
use. The Group maintains cash with various financial institutions primarily in mainland China. Deposit insurance system in China only
insured each depositor at one bank for a maximum of approximately US$
Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses
Accounts receivable are stated at the historical carrying amount net of allowance for expected credit losses. The Group adopted ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” on January 1, 2023 using a modified retrospective approach. The Group also adopted this guidance to advance to suppliers, other receivables and long-term prepayments. To estimate expected credit losses, The Group has identified the relevant risk characteristics of its customers and the related receivables. The Group considers the past collection experience, current economic conditions, future economic conditions (external data and macroeconomic factors) and changes in The Group’s customer collection trends. The allowance for credit losses and corresponding receivables were written off when they are determined to be uncollectible.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the normal course of business less any costs to complete and sell products. Cost of inventory are determined using the weighted average cost method. The Group records inventory reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventory. Inventory reserves are based on inventory obsolescence trends, historical experience and application of the specific identification method.
Lease
At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange of a consideration. To assess whether a contract is or contains a lease, the Group assess whether the contract involves the use of an identified asset, whether it has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset and whether it has the right to control the use of the asset.
The right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. The Group recognizes operating lease expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Short-term leases
The Group has elected to not recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. Lease payments associated with these leases are expensed as incurred.
Sales and leaseback contracts
The Group enters sale and leaseback transactions. The Group acts as the seller-lessee, transfers its assets to a third-party entity (the buyer-lessor) and then leases the transferred assets back from the buyer-lessor at a contract designated rental price. The Group evaluates if sales of the underlying assets in the sale and leaseback contract has occurred in accordance with ASC 606. When a sale and leaseback transaction does not qualify for sale accounting, the transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction by the seller-lessee and a lending transaction by the buyer-lessor. The seller-lessee shall not derecognize the transferred asset and shall account for any amounts received as a financial liability.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment are
stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any.
| Category | Estimated useful life | |
| Equipment |
F-9
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Construction-in-progress
Property and equipment that are purchased or constructed which require a period of time before the assets are ready for their intended use are accounted for as construction-in-progress. Construction-in-progress is recorded at acquisition cost, including installation costs. Construction-in-progress is transferred to specific property and equipment accounts and commences depreciation when these assets are ready for their intended use.
Capitalized Interest
Interest incurred during and
directly related to construction-in-progress is capitalized to the related property under construction during the active construction
period, which generally commences when borrowings are used to acquire assets of construction-in-progress and ends when the properties
are substantially complete or the property becomes inactive. Interest is capitalized based on the interest rate applicable to specific
borrowings or the weighted average of the rates applicable to other borrowings during the period. All other interest is expensed as incurred.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the total interest capitalized in the construction-in-progress was US$
Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried
at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment, if any. Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives.
| Category | Estimated useful life | |
| Purchased software |
Land use right, net
The land use rights represent the operating lease prepayments for the rights to use the land in the PRC. Amortization of the prepayments is provided on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective land use rights certificates.
Impairment of long-lived assets other than goodwill
Long-lived assets are evaluated
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact
the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable or that the useful life is shorter than The
Group had originally estimated. When these events occur, The Group evaluates the impairment by comparing carrying value of the assets
to an estimate of future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If
the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the assets, The Group recognizes an impairment
loss based on the excess of the carrying value of the assets over the fair value of the assets. Impairment charge recognized for the years
ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $
Fair value of financial instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be either recorded or disclosed at fair value, The Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and it also considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 — Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 — Other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
Financial assets and liabilities of The Group primarily consist of cash, accounts receivable, amounts due from related party, advance to suppliers-related party, other receivables, accounts payables, accounts payables - construction in progress and accrued expenses and other liabilities. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the carrying values of these financial assets and liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature.
F-10
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Revenue recognition
The Group adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customer. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, The Group performs the following five steps:
| Step 1: | Identify the contract with the customer |
| Step 2: | Identify the performance obligations in the contract |
| Step 3: | Determine the transaction price |
| Step 4: | Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract |
| Step 5: | Recognize revenue when The Group satisfies a performance obligation |
The Group generates revenue from food trading business.
The Group enters into contract with their customers to provide food, mainly frozen pork. All of The Group’s contracts have single performance obligation as the promise is to transfer the goods to customers, and there are no other separately identifiable promises in the contracts. The Group recognizes revenue when it transfers its goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which The Group expects to be entitled in such exchange. The Group accounts for the revenue generated from sales of its products to its customers on a gross basis, because The Group is acting as a principal in these transactions, is subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing prices, and is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide customers the specified goods. The Group’s revenue is recognized at a point in time when the control has been transferred, usually when the customer accepts the goods.
Cost of revenue
Costs of revenues consist
primarily of purchase price of products, shipping and handling expense and related costs, which are directly attributable to products.
Write-down of inventories is also recorded in cost of sales, if any. Shipping and handling costs incurred to transport goods to customers
are expensed in the periods incurred and are included in cost of revenues. The Group accounts for shipping and handling expenses as fulfilment
costs because shipping and handling activities occur before the customers obtains control of the goods. Shipping and handling expenses
amounted to US$
Sales and marketing expenses
Sales and marketing expenses
consist primarily of advertising expenses, gift expenses and sample fees. The Group expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising
costs amounted to US$
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits for employees involved in general corporate functions, amortization of land use right, legal and other professional services fees, rental and other general corporate related expenses.
Government Subsidies
Government subsidies are recognized
when there is reasonable assurance that the subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. When the subsidy
relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match the subsidy on a systematic basis to the costs
that it is intended to compensate. Where the subsidy relates to an asset, it is recognized as deferred subsidies and is released to the
statement of operations over the expected useful life in a consistent manner with the depreciation method for the relevant asset. Total
government subsidies recorded in the deferred subsidies were US$
F-11
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Value-added taxes
Sales revenue represents the
invoiced value of goods, net of VAT. The applicable VAT rate was
Income taxes
Current income taxes are recorded in accordance with the regulations of the relevant tax jurisdiction. The Group accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Income Tax, (“ASC 740”). Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the tax consequences attributable to differences between carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities in the financial statements and their respective tax basis, and operating loss carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) in the period of change. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that amount of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Group records liabilities related to uncertain tax positions when, despite The Group’s belief that The Group’s tax return positions are supportable, The Group believes that it is more likely than not that those positions may not be fully sustained upon review by tax authorities. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are classified as income tax expense. The Group did not recognize uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Related party transactions
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties.
Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm’s-length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free-market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s-length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated. It is not, however, practical to determine the fair value of amounts due from/to related parties due to their related party nature.
Earnings per share
The Group calculates earnings
per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260 “Earnings per Share.” Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net
income by the weighted average number of common stocks outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to
basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common stocks that would have been
outstanding if the potential common stocks equivalents had been issued and if the additional common stocks were dilutive. On September
4, 2023, The Group completed its reorganization whereby Hongchang BVI’s stockholders received
Before the reorganization,
Hongchang Food depended on loans from stockholders for the construction of the Hongchang Food Industrial Park and its daily operations.
These were recorded as loans from related parties. In May 2023, Hongchang Food reached an agreement with a stockholder to convert an outstanding
loan balance of US$
F-12
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Comprehensive income
The Group applies ASC 220, Comprehensive Income (“ASC 220”), with respect to reporting and presentation of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of financial statements. Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity of The Group during a period arising from transactions and other event and circumstances except those resulting from investments by stockholders and distributions to stockholders. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, The Group’s comprehensive income(loss) includes net income(loss) and other comprehensive income(loss).
Segment reporting
ASC 280, Segment Reporting,
(“ASC 280”), establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statements information about operating segments,
products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Based on the criteria established by ASC 280, our chief operating decision
maker (“CODM”) has been identified as our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews consolidated results when making decisions
about allocating resources and assessing performance of The Group. As a whole and hence, we have only
Uncertainty and risks
Political, social and economic risks
The Group has substantial operations in China through its PRC subsidiaries. Accordingly, The Group’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy. The Group’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory and social conditions in the PRC. Although The Group has not experienced losses from these situations and believes that it is in compliance with existing laws and regulations including its organization and structure disclosed in Note 1, this may not be indicative of future results.
The Group’s business, financial condition and results of operations may also be negatively impacted by risks related to regional wars, geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, health epidemics and other catastrophic incidents, which could potentially and significantly disrupt The Group’s operations.
Liquidity
As reflected in the Financial
Statements, the Group had an accumulated deficit of US$
Concentration risks
Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose The Group to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash in bank and accounts receivable. The Group places its cash with financial institutions with high credit ratings and quality.
The Group conducts credit evaluations of customers, and generally does not require collateral or other security from its customers. The Group establishes an allowance for expected credit losses primarily based upon the factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers.
F-13
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont.)
Uncertainty and risks (cont.)
Concentration of customers and suppliers
As of December 31, 2024, one
client accounted for
As of December 31, 2023, one
major client accounted for
For the year ended December
31, 2024, one major client accounted for
For the year ended December
31, 2023, one major client accounted for
As of December 31, 2024, one
vendor accounted for
As of December 31, 2023, two
vendors accounted for
Recent accounting pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expense and ASU 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date. The ASU improves the disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses and provides more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity will, inter alia, disclose amounts of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and amortization included in each relevant expense caption (such as cost of sales, general and administrative, and research and development). The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statement disclosures.
Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent pronouncements that are not anticipated to have an impact on, or are unrelated to, its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.
3. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Accounts receivable consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had allowance for expected credit losses for accounts receivable.
F-14
4. OTHER RECEIVALBE
Other receivable consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Loans to third parties | ||||||||
| Advanced construction payment | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
As the result of
negotiation between Hongchang Food and Sichuan Xiongji, the advanced payment for the construction of Hongchang Food Industrial Park
of RMB
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had allowance for expected credit losses for other receivable.
5. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Other current assets consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| VAT recoverable | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Prepaid Expenses | ||||||||
6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Office equipment | ||||||||
| Other machinery and Equipment | ||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Depreciation expense was US$
F-15
7. CONSTRUCTION-IN-PROGRESS
Construction-in-progress consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Construction in progress | ||||||||
Hongchang Food Industrial
Park covers a site area of
8. INTANGIBLE ASSTES
Intangible assets consist of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Purchased software | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Less: impairment allowance | ( | ) | ||||||
Amortization expenses for
the Purchased software were US$
F-16
9. LAND USE RIGHT, NET
Land use rights, net consist of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Land use rights | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Amortization expenses for
the land use rights were US$
| For the years ending December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 and thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||
| US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | US$ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
10. OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Other non-current assets consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Other non-current asset –Advanced construction payment | ||||||||
| Other non-current asset –Prepayment for acquisition of businesses | ||||||||
| Other non-current asset –Leasehold deposit | ||||||||
Other non-current asset were
US$
On September 8, 2024, the
Group entered into an agreement with Jingbiao Weng, a shareholder of Pucheng County Lvkanger Food Co., Ltd, to acquire
11. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Payroll and welfare payables | ||||||||
| Value-added tax and other taxes payable | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
F-17
12. LONG TERM LOANS
Long-term loans represent
the amounts due to various banks and financial lease companies lasting over one year.
| Effective | ||||||||||||||
| Maturity | Interest | |||||||||||||
| Creditors | Balance | Date | Rate | Collateral/Guarantee | ||||||||||
| US$ | ||||||||||||||
| Fujian Fuqing Huitong Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. | 1 | % | ||||||||||||
| 2 | ||||||||||||||
| 3 | ||||||||||||||
| 4 | ||||||||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | ||||||||||||||
| Chailease International Finance Co., Ltd. (“Chailease”) | % | |||||||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||||||
On October 23, 2024, Hongchang
Food entered into a sales and leaseback contract with Chailease. Pursuant to the contract, the Company sold its machines for RMB
The future maturities of long-term loans due to Fujian Fuqing Huitong Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. are as follows:
| For the years ending December 31, | Principal | |||
| Remainder of 2024 | $ | — | ||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| $ | ||||
| less: current portion | $ | |||
| Non-current portion | $ | |||
The purposes of these long
term loans are for the construction of Hongchang Food Industrial Park, the interest of these loans was capitalized in construction-in-progress,
Interest capitalized in construction-in-progress was US$
F-18
13. INCOME TAX
The Company is subject to income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which each entity is domiciled.
United States
The Company is subject to
U.S. Federal tax laws. On December 22, 2017, the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (“The Act”) was enacted. Under the provisions
of the Act, the U.S. corporate tax rate decreased from
British Virgin Islands
Hongchang BVI was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and is not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current British Virgin Islands law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their stockholders, no British Virgin Islands withholding tax will be imposed.
Hong Kong
HK$
PRC
Fujian Hongjin Biotechnology
Co., Ltd.(WFOE) and its subsidiaries are governed by the income tax laws of the PRC and the income tax provision in respect to operations
in the PRC is calculated at the applicable tax rates on the taxable income for the periods based on existing legislation, interpretations
and practices in respect thereof. Under the Enterprise Income Tax Laws of the PRC (the “EIT Laws”), Chinese enterprises are
subject to income tax at a rate of
Hongfu Food, engaged in primary
processing of agricultural products, is eligible for full exemption from corporate income tax under the tax preferential policies stipulated
in the “EIT Laws”, with an effective tax rate of
Income taxes in the PRC are consist of:
| For The Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Deferred income tax benefit | ||||||||
| Total income tax benefit | $ | $ | ||||||
F-19
13. INCOME TAX (cont.)
Below is a reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate:
| For The Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| PRC statutory income tax rates* | % | % | ||||||
| Non-deductible expenses | ( | )% | ( | )% | ||||
| Preferential tax rate reduction | ( | )% | ||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | ( | )% | ( | )% | ||||
| Actual income tax rate | % | % | ||||||
| * |
Deferred tax assets consist of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Land use right amortization | $ | $ | ||||||
| Net operating losses carried forward in the PRC | ||||||||
| Net operating losses carried forward in the U.S. | ||||||||
| Totals | ||||||||
| Less: Valuation allowance | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | ||||||||
As of December 31, 2024 and
2023, the Company’s PRC entities had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $
F-20
14. COMMON STOCKS AND ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL
In January 2023,
As per the Reorganization
described in Note 1(b) History and reorganization of the Group, the consolidated financial statements were prepared as if the
In preparation of the Merger
Transactions, the following transactions were undertaken to reorganize the legal structure of Operating Entity (“Reorganization”).
On January 13, 2023, Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Ms. Zhenzhu Lin, the existing stockholders of Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd (“Hongchang
Food”) established two wholly-owned subsidiaries (“BVI-1” and “BVI-2”) in British Virgin Island, respectively.
On January 18, 2023, Hong Chang Global Investment Holdings Limited (“Hongchang BVI”) was then incorporated by BVI-1 and BVI-2
which held
On August 21, 2023, HYBT entered
into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Hongchang BVI and Hongchang BVI’s stockholders,
Zengqiang Investment Limited, a business company incorporated in the BVI, and Hong Jin Investment Limited, a business company incorporated
in the BVI (the “Selling Stockholders” and each a “Selling Stockholder”), in relation to the acquisition of Hongchang
BVI by HYBT (the “Hongchang Acquisition”). Zengqiang Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Mr. Zengqiang Lin and Hong Jin
Investment Limited is wholly-owned by Ms. Zhenzhu Lin. Mr. Zengqiang Lin has been a director of HYBT since February 17, 2023, and Ms.
Zhenzhu Lin is the sister of Mr. Zengqiang Lin. In accordance with the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, the Selling Stockholders
sold and transferred
In May 2023, Hongchang BVI
received US$
On September 1, 2023, upon
closing the Merger,
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
| (a) | Related parties |
The principal related parties with which the Group had transactions during the years presented are as follows:
| Names of related parties | Relationship with The Group | |
| Zengqiang Lin | ||
| Fuqing Xinhongbo Trading Co., Ltd. (“Xinhongbo”) | ||
| Fuqing Changhong Agricultural Products Supply Chain Co. Ltd.(“Changhong”) | ||
| Zhenzhu Lin | ||
| Fujian Xindefu Agricultural Products Co., Ltd.(“Xindefu”) | ||
| Xiuhua Zhou | ||
| Fujian Xiangbing Logistics Co., Ltd. (“Xiangbing”) | ||
| Huaqiang Lin |
F-21
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (cont.)
| (b) |
| For years ended | ||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Loans from related parties: | ||||||||
| -Zhenzhu Lin | ||||||||
| -Zengqiang Lin | ||||||||
| -Xiuhua Zhou | ||||||||
| Repayments to related parties: | ||||||||
| -Zhenzhu Lin | ( | ) | ||||||
| -Zengqiang Lin | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| -Xiuhua Zhou | ( | ) | ||||||
| ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||
| Refunds from a related party | ||||||||
| -Xinhongbo | ||||||||
| -Changhong | ||||||||
| Capital contribution to Hongchang Food: | ||||||||
| -Zengqiang Lin | ||||||||
| Sales of goods: | ||||||||
| -Fujian Xindefu Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. | ||||||||
| Procurement of goods: | ||||||||
| -Fujian Xindefu Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. | ||||||||
| Procurement of service: | ||||||||
| -Fujian Xindefu Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. | ||||||||
| -Fujian Xiangbing Logistics Co., Ltd. | ||||||||
| (c) |
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| US$ | US$ | |||||||
| Amount due from a related party | ||||||||
| -Xindefu | ||||||||
| Advance to supplier-related party | ||||||||
| -Xinhongbo | ||||||||
| Amount due from a related party | ||||||||
| -Changhong | ||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties: | ||||||||
| -Zhenzhu Lin– current portion | ||||||||
| -Zengqiang Lin | ||||||||
| -Zengqiang Lin – current portion | ||||||||
F-22
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (cont.)
All balances with the related parties as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were unsecured, interest-free and had no fixed terms of repayments.
On April 1, 2023,
Hongchang Food entered into an interest-free loan agreement with Zengqiang Lin to obtain aggregate maximum loans of up to RMB
On May 16, 2024, Hongfu Food
entered into an interest-free loan agreement with Zhenzhu Lin to obtain aggregate maximum loans of up to RMB
On October 8, 2024, in order
to terminate the cooperation with Xindefu at the Hongfu Food level, Hongfu Food entered into an agreement with Xindefu, stipulating that
Hongfu Food would transfer all its existing inventory at that time to Xindefu at market price, amounted RMB
On November 30, 2024, Hongfu
Food entered into an agreement with Xiangbing and Xiuhua Zhou, stipulating that the receivables owed by Hongfu Food to Xiangbing as of
November 30, 2024, amounted RMB
On December 1, 2024, Hongfu
Food entered into an agreement with Xindefu and Xiuhua Zhou. The agreement stipulated that the relevant accounts receivable, prepayments,
and other receivables arising from business activities in the financial statements of Hongfu Food as of November 30, 2024, amounted RMB
16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As of December 31, 2024, The
Group has entered into several contracts for construction of the Hongchang Food Industrial Park and the improvement of Industrial Buildings.
Total outstanding commitments under these contracts were US$
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Management has reviewed the Group’s operations for potential disclosure or financial statement impacts related to events occurring after December 31, 2024 through the date the release of the consolidated financial statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K were issued. Based on such evaluation, there were no additional subsequent event disclosures or financial statement impacts related to events occurring after December 31, 2024 that warranted adjustment to or disclosure in these consolidated financial statement except disclosed below.
The Group entered into
an agreement with Jingbiao Weng, a shareholder of Pucheng County Lvkanger Food Co., Ltd (“Lvkanger Food”), to acquire
On January 15, 2025, Hongfu
Food and shareholder Zhenzhu Lin entered into an agreement, Zhenzhu Lin agreed to assume the repayment obligation for RMB
On January 20, 2025, the Group
and the contractor of the food industrial park entered into an agreement, a prepayment of RMB
On March 21, 2025, the Group
and the controlling shareholder, Zengqiang Lin, entered into an agreement, the shareholder promised that an amount of RMB
F-23
Exhibit 14.1
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Code of Ethics and Business Conduct
1. Introduction.
1.1 The Board of Directors of Hongchang International Co., Ltd (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) has adopted this Code of Ethics and Business Conduct (the “Code”) in order to:
(a) promote honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest;
(b) promote full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that the Company files with, or submits to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and in other public communications made by the Company;
(c) promote compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations;
(d) promote the protection of Company assets, including corporate opportunities and confidential information;
(e) promote fair dealing practices;
(f) deter wrongdoing; and
(g) ensure accountability for adherence to the Code.
1.2 All directors, officers and employees are required to be familiar with the Code, comply with its provisions and report any suspected violations as described below in Section 10, Reporting and Enforcement.
2. Honest and Ethical Conduct.
2.1 The Company’s policy is to promote high standards of integrity by conducting its affairs honestly and ethically.
2.2 Each director, officer and employee must act with integrity and observe the highest ethical standards of business conduct in his or her dealings with the Company’s customers, suppliers, partners, service providers, competitors, employees and anyone else with whom he or she has contact in the course of performing his or her job.
3. Conflicts of Interest.
3.1 A conflict of interest occurs when an individual’s private interest (or the interest of a member of his or her family) interferes, or even appears to interfere, with the interests of the Company as a whole. A conflict of interest can arise when an employee, officer or director (or a member of his or her family) takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her work for the Company objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest also arise when an employee, officer or director (or a member of his or her family) receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position in the Company.
3.2 Loans by the Company to, or guarantees by the Company of obligations of, employees or their family members are of special concern and could constitute improper personal benefits to the recipients of such loans or guarantees, depending on the facts and circumstances. Loans by the Company to, or guarantees by the Company of obligations of, any director or executive officer are expressly prohibited.
3.3 Whether or not a conflict of interest exists or will exist can be unclear. Conflicts of interest should be avoided unless specifically authorized as described in Section 3.4.
3.4 Persons other than directors and executive officers who have questions about a potential conflict of interest or who become aware of an actual or potential conflict should discuss the matter with, and seek a determination and prior authorization or approval from, Chief Financial Officer or the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Financial Officer may not authorize or approve conflict of interest matters or make determinations as to whether a problematic conflict of interest exists without first providing the Chief Executive Officer with a written description of the activity and seeking the Chief Executive Officer’s written approval. If the Chief Financial Officer is themself involved in the potential or actual conflict, the matter should instead be discussed directly with the Chief Executive Officer.
Directors and executive officers must seek determinations and prior authorizations or approvals of potential conflicts of interest exclusively from the Board of Directors.
4. Compliance.
4.1 Employees, officers and directors should comply, both in letter and spirit, with all applicable laws, rules and regulations in the cities, states and countries in which the Company operates.
4.2 Although not all employees, officers and directors are expected to know the details of all applicable laws, rules and regulations, it is important to know enough to determine when to seek advice from appropriate personnel. Questions about compliance should be addressed to the Legal Department.
2
4.3 No director, officer or employee may purchase or sell any Company securities while in possession of material nonpublic information regarding the Company, nor may any director, officer or employee purchase or sell another company’s securities while in possession of material nonpublic information regarding that company. It is against Company policies and illegal for any director, officer or employee to use material nonpublic information regarding the Company or any other company to:
(a) obtain profit for himself or herself; or
(b) directly or indirectly “tip” others who might make an investment decision on the basis of that information.
5. Disclosure.
5.1 The Company’s periodic reports and other documents filed with the SEC, including all financial statements and other financial information, must comply with applicable federal securities laws and SEC rules.
5.2 Each director, officer and employee who contributes in any way to the preparation or verification of the Company’s financial statements and other financial information must ensure that the Company’s books, records and accounts are accurately maintained. Each director, officer and employee must cooperate fully with the Company’s accounting and internal audit departments, as well as the Company’s independent public accountants and counsel.
5.3 Each director, officer and employee who is involved in the Company’s disclosure process must:
(a) be familiar with and comply with the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and its internal control over financial reporting; and
(b) take all necessary steps to ensure that all filings with the SEC and all other public communications about the financial and business condition of the Company provide full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure.
6. Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets.
6.1 All directors, officers and employees should protect the Company’s assets and ensure their efficient use. Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on the Company’s profitability and are prohibited.
6.2 All Company assets should be used only for legitimate business purposes, though incidental personal use may be permitted. Any suspected incident of fraud or theft should be reported for investigation immediately.
3
6.3 The obligation to protect Company assets includes the Company’s proprietary information. Proprietary information includes intellectual property such as trade secrets, patents, trademarks, and copyrights, as well as business and marketing plans, engineering and manufacturing ideas, designs, databases, records and any nonpublic financial data or reports. Unauthorized use or distribution of this information is prohibited and could also be illegal and result in civil or criminal penalties.
7. Corporate Opportunities. All directors, officers and employees owe a duty to the Company to advance its interests when the opportunity arises. Directors, officers and employees are prohibited from taking for themselves personally (or for the benefit of friends or family members) opportunities that are discovered through the use of Company assets, property, information or position. Directors, officers and employees may not use Company assets, property, information or position for personal gain (including gain of friends or family members). In addition, no director, officer or employee may compete with the Company.
8. Confidentiality. Directors, officers and employees should maintain the confidentiality of information entrusted to them by the Company or by its customers, suppliers or partners, except when disclosure is expressly authorized or is required or permitted by law. Confidential information includes all nonpublic information (regardless of its source) that might be of use to the Company’s competitors or harmful to the Company or its customers, suppliers or partners if disclosed.
9. Fair Dealing. Each director, officer and employee must deal fairly with the Company’s customers, suppliers, partners, service providers, competitors, employees and anyone else with whom he or she has contact in the course of performing his or her job. No director, officer or employee may take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of facts or any other unfair dealing practice.
10. Reporting and Enforcement.
10.1 Reporting and Investigation of Violations.
(a) Actions prohibited by this Code involving directors or executive officers must be reported to the Board of Directors.
(b) Actions prohibited by this Code involving anyone other than a director or executive officer must be reported to the Chief Financial Officer or the Chief Executive Officer.
4
(c) After receiving a report of an alleged prohibited action, the Board of Directors, the Chief Financial Officer, or the Chief Executive Officer must promptly take all appropriate actions necessary to investigate.
(d) All directors, officers and employees are expected to cooperate in any internal investigation of misconduct.
10.2 Enforcement.
(a) The Company must ensure prompt and consistent action against violations of this Code.
(b) If, after investigating a report of an alleged prohibited action by a director or executive officer, the Board of Directors determines that a violation of this Code has occurred, the Board of Directors will report such determination to the Board of Directors.
(c) If, after investigating a report of an alleged prohibited action by any other person, the Chief Financial Officer or the Chief Executive Officer determines that a violation of this Code has occurred, the Chief Financial Officer or Chief Executive Officer will report such determination to the General Counsel.
(d) Upon receipt of a determination that there has been a violation of this Code, the Board of Directors or the General Counsel will take such preventative or disciplinary action as it deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, reassignment, demotion, dismissal and, in the event of criminal conduct or other serious violations of the law, notification of appropriate governmental authorities.
10.3 Waivers.
(a) Each of the (in the case of a violation by a director or executive officer) and the General Counsel (in the case of a violation by any other person) may, in its discretion, waive any violation of this Code.
(b) Any waiver for a director or an executive officer shall be disclosed as required by SEC.
10.4 Prohibition on Retaliation.
The Company does not tolerate acts of retaliation against any director, officer or employee who makes a good faith report of known or suspected acts of misconduct or other violations of this Code.
5
Exhibit 19.1
Hongchang International Co., Ltd
Policy on Insider Trading
This Insider Trading Policy describes the standards of Hongchang International Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) on trading, and causing the trading of, the Company’s securities or securities of certain other publicly traded companies while in possession of confidential information. This Policy is divided into two parts: the first part prohibits trading in certain circumstances and applies to all directors, officers and employees and their respective immediate family members of the Company, and the second part imposes special additional trading restrictions and applies to all (i) directors of the Company, (ii) executive officers of the Company (together with the directors, “Company Insiders”), (iii) the employees listed on Appendix A (collectively, “Covered Persons”) and (iv) certain other employees that the Company may designate from time to time as “Covered Persons” because of their position, responsibilities or their actual or potential access to material information.
One of the principal purposes of the federal securities laws is to prohibit so-called “insider trading.” Simply stated, insider trading occurs when a person uses material nonpublic information obtained through involvement with the Company to make decisions to purchase, sell, give away or otherwise trade the Company’s securities or the securities of certain other companies or to provide that information to others outside the Company. The prohibitions against insider trading apply to trades, tips and recommendations by virtually any person, including all persons associated with the Company, if the information involved is “material” and “nonpublic.” These terms are defined in this Policy under Part I, Section 3 below. The prohibitions would apply to any director, officer or employee who buys or sells securities on the basis of material nonpublic information that he or she obtained about the Company, its customers, suppliers, partners, competitors or other companies with which the Company has contractual relationships or may be negotiating transactions.
PART I
1. Applicability
This Policy applies to all trading or other transactions in (i) the Company’s securities, including common stock, options and any other securities that the Company may issue, such as preferred stock, notes, bonds and convertible securities, as well as to derivative securities relating to any of the Company’s securities, whether or not issued by the Company and (ii) the securities of certain other companies, including common stock, options and other securities issued by those companies as well as derivative securities relating to any of those companies’ securities, where the person trading used information obtained while working for the Company.
This Policy applies to all employees and officers of the Company and to all members of the Company’s board of directors and their respective family members.
2. General Policy: No Trading or Causing Trading While in Possession of Material Nonpublic Information
(a) No director, officer or employee or any of their immediate family members may purchase or sell, or offer to purchase or sell, any Company security, whether or not issued by the Company, while in possession of material nonpublic information about the Company. (The terms “material” and “nonpublic” are defined in Part I, Section 3(a) and (b) below.)
(b) No director, officer or employee or any of their immediate family members who knows of any material nonpublic information about the Company may communicate that information to (“tip”) any other person, including family members and friends, or otherwise disclose such information without the Company’s authorization.
(c) No director, officer or employee or any of their immediate family members may purchase or sell any security of any other publicly traded company while in possession of material nonpublic information that was obtained in the course of his or her involvement with the Company. No director, officer or employee or any of their immediate family members who knows of any such material nonpublic information may communicate that information to, or tip, any other person, including family members and friends, or otherwise disclose such information without the Company’s authorization.
(d) For compliance purposes, you should never trade, tip or recommend securities (or otherwise cause the purchase or sale of securities) while in possession of information that you have reason to believe is material and nonpublic unless you first consult with, and obtain the advance approval of, the Compliance Officer (which is defined in Part I, Section 3(c) below).
(e) Covered Persons must “pre-clear” all trading in securities of the Company in accordance with the procedures set forth in Part II, Section 3 below.
3. Definitions
(a) Material. Insider trading restrictions come into play only if the information you possess is “material.” Materiality, however, involves a relatively low threshold. Information is generally regarded as “material” if it has market significance, that is, if its public dissemination is likely to affect the market price of securities, or if it otherwise is information that a reasonable investor would want to know before making an investment decision.
2
Information dealing with the following subjects is reasonably likely to be found material in particular situations:
| (i) | significant changes in the Company’s prospects; |
| (ii) | significant write-downs in assets or increases in reserves; |
| (iii) | developments regarding significant litigation or government agency investigations; |
| (iv) | liquidity problems; |
| (v) | changes in earnings estimates or unusual gains or losses in major operations; |
| (vi) | major changes in the Company’s management or the board of directors; |
| (vii) | changes in dividends; |
| (viii) | extraordinary borrowings; |
| (ix) | major changes in accounting methods or policies; |
| (x) | award or loss of a significant contract; |
| (xi) | cybersecurity risks and incidents, including vulnerabilities and breaches; |
| (xii) | changes in debt ratings; |
| (xiii) | proposals, plans or agreements, even if preliminary in nature, involving mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, recapitalizations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements, or purchases or sales of substantial assets; and |
| (xiv) | offerings of Company securities. |
Material information is not limited to historical facts but may also include projections and forecasts. With respect to a future event, such as a merger, acquisition or introduction of a new product, the point at which negotiations or product development are determined to be material is determined by balancing the probability that the event will occur against the magnitude of the effect the event would have on a company’s operations or stock price should it occur. Thus, information concerning an event that would have a large effect on stock price, such as a merger, may be material even if the possibility that the event will occur is relatively small. When in doubt about whether particular nonpublic information is material, you should presume it is material. If you are unsure whether information is material, you should either consult the Compliance Officer before making any decision to disclose such information (other than to persons who need to know it) or to trade in or recommend securities to which that information relates or assume that the information is material.
3
(b) Nonpublic. Insider trading prohibitions come into play only when you possess information that is material and “nonpublic.” The fact that information has been disclosed to a few members of the public does not make it public for insider trading purposes. To be “public” the information must have been disseminated in a manner designed to reach investors generally, and the investors must be given the opportunity to absorb the information. Even after public disclosure of information about the Company, you must wait until the close of business on the second trading day after the information was publicly disclosed before you can treat the information as public.
Nonpublic information may include:
| (i) | information available to a select group of analysts or brokers or institutional investors; |
| (ii) | undisclosed facts that are the subject of rumors, even if the rumors are widely circulated; and |
| (iii) | information that has been entrusted to the Company on a confidential basis until a public announcement of the information has been made and enough time has elapsed for the market to respond to a public announcement of the information (normally two trading days). |
As with questions of materiality, if you are not sure whether information is considered public, you should either consult with the Compliance Officer or assume that the information is nonpublic and treat it as confidential.
(c) Compliance Officer. The Company has appointed the Chief Financial Officer as the Compliance Officer for this Policy. The duties of the Compliance Officer include, but are not limited to, the following:
| (i) | assisting with implementation and enforcement of this Policy; |
| (ii) | circulating this Policy to all employees and ensuring that this Policy is amended as necessary to remain up-to-date with insider trading laws; |
| (iii) | pre-clearing all trading in securities of the Company by Covered Persons in accordance with the procedures set forth in Part II, Section 3 below; and |
4
| (iv) | providing approval of any Rule 10b5-1 plans under Part II, Section 1(c) below and any prohibited transactions under Part II, Section 4 below. |
| (v) | providing a reporting system with an effective whistleblower protection mechanism. |
4. Exceptions
The trading restrictions of this Policy do not apply to the following:
(a) 401(k) Plan. Investing 401(k) plan contributions in a Company stock fund in accordance with the terms of the Company’s 401(k) plan. However, any changes in your investment election regarding the Company’s stock are subject to trading restrictions under this Policy.
(b) ESPP. Purchasing Company stock through periodic, automatic payroll contributions to the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). However, electing to enroll in the ESPP, making any changes in your elections under the ESPP and selling any Company stock acquired under the ESPP are subject to trading restrictions under this Policy.
(c) Options. Exercising stock options granted under the Company’s equity incentive plan for cash or the delivery of previously owned Company stock. However, the sale of any shares issued on the exercise of Company-granted stock options and any cashless exercise of Company-granted stock options are subject to trading restrictions under this Policy.
5. Violations of Insider Trading Laws
Penalties for trading on or communicating material nonpublic information can be severe, both for individuals involved in such unlawful conduct and their employers and supervisors, and may include jail terms, criminal fines, civil penalties and civil enforcement injunctions. Given the severity of the potential penalties, compliance with this Policy is absolutely mandatory.
(a) Legal Penalties. A person who violates insider trading laws by engaging in transactions in a company’s securities when he or she has material nonpublic information can be sentenced to a substantial jail term and required to pay a criminal penalty of several times the amount of profits gained or losses avoided.
In addition, a person who tips others may also be liable for transactions by the tippees to whom he or she has disclosed material nonpublic information. Tippers can be subject to the same penalties and sanctions as the tippees, and the SEC has imposed large penalties even when the tipper did not profit from the transaction.
5
The SEC can also seek substantial civil penalties from any person who, at the time of an insider trading violation, “directly or indirectly controlled the person who committed such violation,” which would apply to the Company and/or management and supervisory personnel. These control persons may be held liable for up to the greater of $2,301,065 or three times the amount of the profits gained or losses avoided. Even for violations that result in a small or no profit, the SEC can seek penalties from a company and/or its management and supervisory personnel as control persons.
(b) Company-Imposed Penalties. Employees who violate this Policy may be subject to disciplinary action by the Company, including dismissal for cause. Any exceptions to the Policy, if permitted, may only be granted by the Compliance Officer and must be provided before any activity contrary to the above requirements takes place.
6. Inquiries
If you have any questions regarding any of the provisions of this Policy, please contact the Compliance Officer.
PART II
1. Blackout Periods
All Covered Persons are prohibited from trading in the Company’s securities during blackout periods as defined below.
(a) Quarterly Blackout Periods. Trading in the Company’s securities is prohibited during the period beginning at the close of the market on two weeks before the end of each fiscal quarter and ending at the close of business on the second trading day following the date the Company’s financial results are publicly disclosed and Form 10-Q or Form 10-K is filed/and Form 6-K or Form 20-F is filed. During these periods, Covered Persons generally possess or are presumed to possess material nonpublic information about the Company’s financial results.
(b) Other Blackout Periods. From time to time, other types of material nonpublic information regarding the Company (such as negotiation of mergers, acquisitions or dispositions, investigation and assessment of cybersecurity incidents or new product developments) may be pending and not be publicly disclosed. While such material nonpublic information is pending, the Company may impose special blackout periods during which Covered Persons are prohibited from trading in the Company’s securities. If the Company imposes a special blackout period, it will notify the Covered Persons affected.
6
(c) Exception. These trading restrictions do not apply to transactions under a pre-existing written plan, contract, instruction, or arrangement under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (an “Approved 10b5-1 Plan”) that meet the following requirements:
| (i) | it has been reviewed and approved by the Compliance Officer at least five days in advance of being entered into (or, if revised or amended, such proposed revisions or amendments have been reviewed and approved by the Compliance Officer at least five days in advance of being entered into); |
| (ii) | it provides that no trades may occur thereunder until expiration of the applicable cooling-off period specified in Rule 10b5-1(c)(ii)(B), and no trades occur until after that time. The appropriate cooling-off period will vary based on the status of the Covered Person. For directors and officers, the cooling-off period ends on the later of (x) ninety days after adoption or certain modifications of the 10b5-1 plan; or (y) two business days following disclosure of the Company’s financial results in a Form 10-Q or Form 10-K/Form 20-F or Form 6-K for the quarter in which the 10b5-1 plan was adopted. For all other Covered Persons, the cooling-off period ends 30 days after adoption or modification of the 10b5-1 plan. This required cooling-off period will apply to the entry into a new 10b5-1 plan and any revision or modification of a 10b5-1 plan; |
| (iii) | it is entered into in good faith by the Covered Person, and not as part of a plan or scheme to evade the prohibitions of Rule 10b5-1, at a time when the Covered Person is not in possession of material nonpublic information about the Company; and, if the Covered Person is a director or officer, the 10b5-1 plan must include representations by the Covered Person certifying to that effect; |
| (iv) | it gives a third party the discretionary authority to execute such purchases and sales, outside the control of the Covered Person, so long as such third party does not possess any material nonpublic information about the Company; or explicitly specifies the security or securities to be purchased or sold, the number of shares, the prices and/or dates of transactions, or other formula(s) describing such transactions; and |
| (iv) | it is the only outstanding Approved 10b5-1 Plan entered into by the Covered Person (subject to the exceptions set out in Rule 10b5-1(c)(ii)(D)). |
No Approved 10b5-1 Plan may be adopted during a blackout period.
If you are considering entering into, modifying or terminating an Approved 10b5-1 Plan or have any questions regarding Approved Rule 10b5-1 Plans, please contact the Compliance Officer. You should consult your own legal and tax advisors before entering into, or modifying or terminating, an Approved 10b5-1 Plan. A trading plan, contract, instruction or arrangement will not qualify as an Approved 10b5-1 Plan without the prior review and approval of the Compliance Officer as described above.
7
2. Trading Window
Covered Persons are permitted to trade in the Company’s securities when no blackout period is in effect. However, even during this trading window, a Covered Person who is in possession of any material nonpublic information should not trade in the Company’s securities until the information has been made publicly available or is no longer material. In addition, the Company may close this trading window if a special blackout period under Part II, Section 1(b) above is imposed and will re-open the trading window once the special blackout period has ended.
3. Pre-Clearance of Securities Transactions
(a) Because Company Insiders are likely to obtain material nonpublic information on a regular basis, the Company requires all such persons to refrain from trading, even during a trading window under Part II, Section 2 above, without first pre-clearing all transactions in the Company’s securities.
(b) Subject to the exemption in subsection (d) below, no Company Insider may, directly or indirectly, purchase or sell (or otherwise make any transfer, gift, pledge or loan of) any Company security at any time without first obtaining prior approval from the Compliance Officer. These procedures also apply to transactions by such person’s spouse, other persons living in such person’s household and minor children and to transactions by entities over which such person exercises control.
(c) The Compliance Officer shall record the date each request is received and the date and time each request is approved or disapproved. Unless revoked, a grant of permission will normally remain valid until the close of trading two business days following the day on which it was granted. If the transaction does not occur during the two-day period, pre-clearance of the transaction must be re-requested.
(d) Pre-clearance is not required for purchases and sales of securities under an Approved 10b5-1 Plan once the applicable cooling-off period has expired. No trades may be made under an Approved 10b5-1 Plan until expiration of the applicable cooling-off period. With respect to any purchase or sale under an Approved 10b5-1 Plan, the third party effecting transactions on behalf of the Company Insider should be instructed to send duplicate confirmations of all such transactions to the Compliance Officer.
4. Prohibited Transactions
(a) Company Insiders are prohibited from trading in the Company’s equity securities during a blackout period imposed under an “individual account” retirement or pension plan of the Company, during which at least 50% of the plan participants are unable to purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or transfer an interest in equity securities of the Company, due to a temporary suspension of trading by the Company or the plan fiduciary.
(b) Covered Persons, including any person’s spouse, other persons living in such person’s household and minor children and entities over which such person exercises control, are prohibited from engaging in the following transactions in the Company’s securities unless advance approval is obtained from the Compliance Officer:
(i) Short-term trading. Company Insiders who purchase Company securities may not sell any Company securities of the same class for at least six months after the purchase;
(ii) Short sales. Company Insiders and Covered Persons may not sell the Company’s securities short;
(iii) Options trading. Covered Persons may not buy or sell puts or calls or other derivative securities on the Company’s securities;
(iv) Trading on margin or pledging. Covered Persons may not hold Company securities in a margin account or pledge Company securities as collateral for a loan; and
(v) Hedging. Covered Persons may not enter into hedging or monetization transactions or similar arrangements with respect to Company securities.
5. Acknowledgment and Certification
All Covered Persons are required to sign the attached acknowledgment and certification.
8
ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CERTIFICATION
The undersigned does hereby acknowledge receipt of the Company’s Insider Trading Policy. The undersigned has read and understands (or has had explained) such Policy and agrees to be governed by such Policy at all times in connection with the purchase and sale of securities and the confidentiality of nonpublic information.
|
|
|
| (Signature) | |
| (Please print name) | |
| Date: ________________________ |
9
APPENDIX A
[INSERT LIST OF EMPLOYEES TO WHOM THE INSIDER TRADING POLICY IS APPLICABLE]
10
Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of Registrant
| Name | Chinese Name (where applicable) |
Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization | ||
| Hong Chang Global Investment Holdings Limited | N/A | British Virgin Islands | ||
| Hong Chang Biotechnologies (HK) Limited | N/A | Hong Kong | ||
| Fujian Hongjin Biotechnology Co, Ltd | 福建鸿锦生物科技有限公司 | China | ||
| Fuqing Hongchang Global Import Export Co., Ltd. | 福清市鸿昌环球进出口有限公司 | China | ||
| Fuqing Hongchang Food Co., Ltd. | 福清市鸿昌食品有限公司 | China | ||
| Fuqing Hongchang Global Logistics Co., Ltd. | 福清市鸿昌环球供应链有限公司 | China | ||
| Fujian Hongchang Global Food Co., Ltd. | 福建鸿昌环球食品有限公司 | China | ||
| Hongfu Food (Fujian) Co., Ltd | 鸿福食品（福建）有限公司 | China |
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Zengqiang Lin, certify that:
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of Hongchang International Co., Ltd;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
|
Dated: March 28, 2025 |
By: | /s/ Zengqiang Lin |
| Name: | Zengqiang Lin | |
| Title: | Director, Chief Executive Officer, and President (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Zengqiang Lin, certify that:
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of Hongchang International Co., Ltd;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Dated: March 28, 2025 | By: | /s/ Zengqiang Lin |
| Name: | Zengqiang Lin | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of Hongchang International Co., Ltd (the “Company”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Zengqiang Lin, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| Dated: March 28, 2025 | By: | /s/ Zengqiang Lin |
| Name: | Zengqiang Lin | |
| Title: | Director, Chief Executive Officer, and President (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of Hongchang International Co., Ltd (the “Company”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Zengqiang Lin, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| Dated: March 28, 2025 | By: | /s/ Zengqiang Lin |
| Name: | Zengqiang Lin | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |