Good morning, and welcome to the HowMet Aerospace 4th Quarter and Full Year 2025 Conference Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key, followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star, then 1 on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, please press star, then 2. Please note, this event is being recorded. I would now like you to turn the conference over to Paul Luther, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Gary. Good morning and welcome to the HowMed Aerospace fourth quarter and full year 2025 results conference call. I'm joined by John Plant, Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Patrick Winterlich, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. After comments by John and Patrick, we will have a question-and-answer session. I would like to remind you that today's discussion will contain forward-looking statements relating to future events and expectations. You can find factors that could cause the company's actual results to differ materially from these projections listed in today's presentation in earnings press release and in our most recent SEC filings. In today's presentation, references to EBITDA, operating income, and EPS mean adjusted EBITDA excluding special items, adjusted operating income excluding special items, and adjusted EPS excluding special items. These measures are among the non-GAAP financial measures that we've included in our discussion. Reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in today's press release and in the appendix in today's presentation. In addition, unless otherwise stated, all comparisons are on a year-over-year basis. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to John.

Thank you, PT. Good morning and welcome to Hammett's Q4 and full-year 2025 earnings call. Let's start with the highlights on slide number four. Q4 was an extremely solid quarter. Revenue of $2.17 billion was up 15%. Full-year revenue was up 11%, and hence the final quarter saw an acceleration of growth. EBITDA was $653 million, up 29%. Operating income was $580 million, an increase of 34%. Four-year EBITDA of $2.42 billion was an increase of 26%. Pre-cash flow after record capital spend of $453 million was $1.43 billion, which is more than $100 million above the guide point, and a 93% conversion of net income. Over the last six years, aggregate net income conversion to free cash flow has been 95%. Earnings per share were $1.05, an increase of 42% in the quarter over 2024, resulting in a 40% increase for the year. Capital deployment in the quarter included $200 million of share buybacks, $50 million of dividends, $55 million for preferred share redemption, and a further $125 million for debt reduction. The closing cash balance was $743 million, allowing for further share buybacks in January and February, with $150 million completed quarter to date. I'll stop at this point and let Patrick provide commentary by end markets and by segment. Thank you, John.

Good morning, everyone. Please move to slide five. Another solid quarter for Haumet, with end markets continuing to be healthy. We are well positioned for the future and continue to invest for growth. Revenue was up 15% in the fourth quarter and up 11% for the full year. Commercial aerospace growth remained strong, revenue up 13% in the fourth quarter for the full year. Commercial aerospace breaking demand for engine spares of more fuel-efficient aircraft with reduced carbon emissions. Commercial aerospace engine spares were up 44% for the full year, driven by both legacy and next-generation engines. Defence aerospace growth continued to be robust as new ethereum revenue was up 4% in the fourth quarter. However, it was down 5% for the full year, including the pass-through of higher aluminum costs on a volume basis in the fourth quarter, and down 13% for the full year. We continue to out this premium product. As mentioned on the Q3 earnings call, we have combined the oil and gas and IGT markets into a single market we are calling gas. The definition of oil and gas versus mid to small IGT has become blurred. since many turbines now have an increasing end-use for data centres. We have provided historical gas turbine revenue in the appendix on page 19. Gas turbine growth has been very strong in the fourth quarter and up 25% of the increased demand, especially from it, we had robust spares growth. The combination of commercial aerospace, 33% for the full year to 1.21%, 17% in 2019. In summary, 2025 continued strong performance in commercial aerospace, defense aerospace. Focus my comment on revenue, EBITDA, EBITDA margin, and earnings per share were all records. On a year-over-year basis, revenue was up 11%, and EBITDA outpaced revenue growth to 1,500 net new employees, predominantly in the engine sector. The EBITDA margin increased 350 basis points to 29.3% with a fourth-quarter exit. Incremental flow rate year-over-year was $3.70, healthy 40%. Let's cover the balance sheet. The balance sheet continues to strengthen. Free cash flow for the year was a record of $1.43 billion. Net income was 93%. We continue to deliver on our long-term target of 90% with a healthy 743, reduced by $265 million in 2025. We paid off the remaining $140 million long-term $5 million 2027 notes with newly issued $500 million notes due 2013, $125 million of cash. The interest rate for the 2032 notes is 4.5. Combined debt actions for the year will reduce the annualized interest expense by approximately until we redeemed all of the outstanding shares of our preferred stock for $55 million. The EBITDA continued to improve, ending the year at a record low of one times. That is unsecured, which is into investment, plus a $1 billion revolver of a $1 billion, neither of which $453 million, up approximately $130 million year over year, as we continue to invest for growth. About 70% of capex was in our engine business as we continue to invest in commercial aerospace. Investments are back. In 2025, we deployed approximately $1.2 billion of cash. For the year, we repurchased $700 million of commerce, approximately 4.4 million shares. Q4 was the 19th consecutive quarter of common stock to a fourth quarter exit. Moreover, so far in 2026, we have repurchased an additional $150 million of common stock, approximately $215 per share. As of today, the remaining authorization from the Board of Directors for share repurchase is approximately $1.35 billion. We continue to be confident in strong future free cash flow. For the year, we paid $181 million in dividends, which was an increase of 69% year-over-year from $0.26 to $0.44. Now let's move to slide. Products team delivered another record quarter for revenue, EBITDA and EBITDA margin. Quarterly revenue increased 20% to 1.16, 17%. Gas turbines market was up 30%. continues to be strong EBITDA margin increased 290 base 324.3 billion dollars EBITDA was up 25% to 1.44 billion dollars and EBITDA margin was 33 but the engine product segment added approximately 1404 which has a near-term drag margin drag but positioned as well for the future to slide Quarterly revenue increased 13% to $454 million, up 14% on renewables demand. Defence Aerospace, approximately 10% of fastener's revenue. EBITDA continues to outpace revenue growth with an increase up to $139 million, despite the sluggish recovery of wide-body aircraft. EBITDA margin increased a healthy 290 basis points to 30.6%, as the team has continued to expand margins through commercial and operation. Revenue was up 11% to $1.75 billion. EBITDA was up 31% to $530 million, and EBITDA margin was approximately $460 million. The Fasteners team delivered solid year-over-year revenue and EBITDA growth while maintaining a relatively flat head. Moving to slide 9, engineers' structures performance continues to improve. Quarterly revenue increased 4% to $287 million due to product rationalization and was essentially flat with the previous three quarters of 2025. Defense Aerospace was the end of de-stocking on the F-35. Segment EBITDA outpaced revenue growth with an increase of $24 million. EBITDA margin increased 350 basis points as we continue to optimize the structure's manufacturing footprint and rationalized the product. The revenue was up 8% to $1.15 billion. EBITDA was up 46% to $243 million and EBITDA margin was 21.2%. EBITDA margin was up approximately 560 basis points as the team continues to make significantly. Slide 10. Quarterly revenue was up 9% as a 10% decrease in volumes was largely offset. EBITDA was strong at $79 million. EBITDA margin increased to 29.9%. The unfavorable margin impact of lower volumes and higher pass-through was more than offset by flexing costs driven by premium product. EBITDA was up 3%. EBITDA margin was a strong 28.5% in a challenging market and was up 130 basis and has continued to expand margins despite market metal cost and tariff uncertainty. Lastly, before turning it back to John, I want to highlight a couple. In mid-2024, we established a 2025 dividend policy to pay cash dividends on the company's common stock at a rate of 15% plus or minus 5% of adjusted net income. $181 million dollars of dividend distributions in 2026 will be higher than annuitization of the UK pension plan resulting in a 128 million dollar reduction to how METS were required in 2020. Thank you Patrick and

let's move to slide 11. Let me turn to the outlook for the company and I'll provide summary comments before providing more detail for each market segment. The vast majority of the markets we serve including commercial aerospace, defense, and land-based gas turbines are in a growth phase. The commercial truck wheel segment is stable at a low level and should begin to show signs of growth towards the latter half of 2026. Firstly, commercial aerospace is buoyed by increased air travel, both domestic and international. The highest growth is seen in Asia Pacific, notably China, but also in North America and in Europe. Freight traffic also continues to grow. Passenger demand combined with the recent multi-year underbuild of commercial aircraft have together led to a record OEM backlog stretching into the next decade. New aircraft builds, including narrow-body, wide-body and freighters, are planned to grow at all aircraft manufacturers. I'll provide expected build rates later in the call. In addition to these robust new builds, spares continue to be elevated by the expanding size and growing age of the current fleet of aircraft. This is further enhanced by durability issues found in some modern engines, essentially due to higher operating pressures and temperatures, which are required to achieve increased fuel efficiency. Air pollution in certain parts of the world further contributes to the problem. Defense markets, especially fixed-wing aircraft, are also buoyant. The largest platform, the F-35, continues to be steady for OE builds, again with a very large new build backlog, while spares also continue to grow due to the size of the fleet. In fact, for our engine product segment in 2025, the F-35 spares demand exceeded the OE demand for the aggregate value of parts provided. The F-15 and F-16 programs are also seeing new builds with reasonable quantities. Hammett sees strong further demand from other parts of the defense and space industry also, namely tank turbines, missiles, rocket motors, howitzers, and also spare rocket parts. The gas turbine business is entering its largest growth phase in years. While oil and gas demand is seem to be steady, the demand for electricity generation, especially from natural gas for data centers, is extremely high. If we aggregate both large gas turbines and small to medium-sized gas turbines, we expect that our base business of approximately $1 billion should double in revenue to $2 billion over the next three to five years. And even more growth is envisaged beyond that, especially for mini-grids. Hamlet is well positioned in this segment via the supply of turbine blades, where we are the largest manufacturer of gas turbine blades in the world, covering our key customers of GE Vinova, Siemens Power, Mitsubishi Heavy, Ansaldo, Solar, and Baker Hughes, plus parts for aero-derivative engines produced by GE Aviation. We have recently completed new contracts with four of these seven customers while negotiations continue with the other three. Additionally, the build-out of the turbine fleet over the next five years ensures a healthy and growing spares market for years to come. Turning now to commercial truck wheels, we weathered the volume downturn in 2025, especially in the second half. Share growth and Penetration versus steel wheels helped. For the year, commercial transportation revenue was down 5%, despite material and tariff recovery covering part of the volume downdraft. The market appears to be stabilizing, and we now believe that Q1 will be the quarterly low point. Given the new 2027 emissions regulations remain in place, we anticipate that this will begin to help demand in the second half of 2026, and then we should see the inventory multiplier effects take effect as the truck bills increase. I'd like to mention the commercial aircraft build rate assumptions upon which our guidance is based, albeit we will match aircraft build rates whatever they eventually turn out to be. For Boeing the 737 assumption is 40 aircraft per month based on a rate of 42 as a daily average coming to a month without vacations. And the 787 is seven a month, rising to eight a month by the fourth quarter. For Airbus, the A320 is assumed to be 60 a month, while the A350 is at six per month. And Q1 2026 guide numbers are revenue of 2.235 billion plus or minus 10 million, EBITDA of $685 million plus or minus $5 million and EPS of $1.10 plus or minus a penny You'll note that our Q1 revenue is an increase of 15% year-on-year above the average for 2025 We remain positive on the growth for 2026 while noting the dependency on aircraft builds For 2026, the numbers provided exclude the acquisition of CAM Revenue of $9.1 billion, plus or minus $100 million EBITDA of $2.76 billion, plus or minus $50 million Earnings per share of $4.45 plus or minus a penny And finally, free cash flow of $1.6 billion, plus or minus $50 million The EBITDA incremental for the year is guided to be approximately in the early 40% I would now like to turn to portfolio commentary In the last few months, we've been very busy. We've signed and closed on the purchase of a fastness business in Wisconsin, Bruna Inc. We believe that this acquisition enhances our product offering and opens up new markets for Hamlet to explore, especially in the longer length and wider diameter parts in the fastness market. The impact of this acquisition on Hamlet's earnings is not material. However, it provides a very good platform for future growth. The more significant acquisition is CAM in the aerospace fastness and fittings business, for which we have agreed to pay $1.8 billion. Upon deal closure, the earnings per share effect in the balance of 2025 will not be of a material effect, and hence the guide is kept clean until the date of closing is known post the regulatory processes. these actions strengthen Hammett's portfolio of businesses going into 2027 the theme has been and will continue to be to play to our strengths and allocate capital decisively to businesses that are growing and show the strongest returns on capital and cash generation we're excited about the future given these portfolio improvements as well as the growing commercial aerospace and gas turbine businesses further growth updates concerning the gas turbine business will be providers as we progress throughout the year. I'll now start and turn the meeting over to questions. Thank you. We will now begin

the question-and-answer session. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press star than two. Please limit yourselves to one question only. The first question is from Doug Harned with Bernstein. Please go ahead. Good morning, thank you. I'd like to

understand sort of how your thinking has evolved when you look ahead over the next five years with engine products. Clearly things have changed and And, you know, can you contrast your expectations for the relative growth across commercial aero, defense, gas turbines, as you think about planning, investments, and so forth? And then related to this, you just reached a record EBITDA margin of 34% for engine products. Are you near a ceiling with this, and what's enabling you to get to these higher margins?

okay so um as you say my thinking has evolved i guess thinking always evolves uh with the passage of time and the circumstances uh change i mean i think the constant uh throughout this starts off with commercial aerospace where i've been convinced that growth will be robust and continuing as you know sometimes at the last two or three years or maybe four years it hasn't it hasn't been quite as good as we had envisaged and that's principally due to the difficulties in final assembly of aircraft and also engines but the trajectory has been positive and the future continues to look really good and so when i consider the backlog the commercial aircraft is there i think it is quite extraordinary and i think the word extraordinary is appropriate and that applies to both narrow-body aircraft and wide-body aircraft since if you were to order a new aircraft today you're really looking at delivery beyond 2030. And if bill rates were not to increase, then it would be possibly almost towards the end of the 2030 decade. And so there's a very strong requirement for bills to increase. And so I think that backlog number gives great comfort in the investments that we've made. And you've seen capital expenditure develop very notably over the last few years. And we've talked previously about building out another complete manufacturing plant and extending, let's say, one and a half manufacturing plant for our commercial aerospace business. So that's been very significant, and that's on top of the new engine plant that we built in 2020, coming on stream at that time just at the start of COVID. So it's been a tremendous investment for the commercial aerospace market. At the same time, we've seen very solid demand for defense, and I think the surprise there has not been the solidity of the F-35. more so the fact that the other legacy aircraft have also seen significant new orders but the F-35 is the flagship program that we have but now when we look out there's a significant emerging segments of missiles for us where we're seeing very significant demand increases And just at the moment, we're also spending a lot of our engineering efforts to try and ensure that we have position on engines for drones and for the larger cruise missiles. And so, again, we see defense as a continuing good sector for us and which we're backing with investment dollars in a significant way. i think the biggest change to my thinking has been for the uh gas turbine market and historically if you've gone back by seven years i'd have said this was a more cyclical business it had shown uh you know periods of rapid growth and rapid decline and it was one where I was quite leery about making investments in that segment. And then I think things began to change with, I'll say, more consistency of product management by a customer, so far less new product introductions and therefore more buildable, repeatable products. And then the emergence of demand, and which seemed to be a long ongoing need to support the renewable industries with a base level of capability and fast response. But it didn't really stop there. And now I'll say the emphasis is probably a little bit less on renewables and more on fossil fuels. And certainly when you look at it, if coal-fired power stations are not being retired, then the tremendous demand that's there can only really realistically be filled by the natural gas market. And so when you look at it with the demand projections for data centers, and that was without the advent of AI, it caused me to think about the willingness to invest. And so we did pick up capital deployment in new equipment in 2024 and then more again in 2025. And you saw the capital expenditure for the year, you know, very, very significantly above that which we envisaged at the beginning of the year to go back to our guide a year before. and now we're looking at 2026 where it's going to be a higher number again and we've picked a midpoint of about 470 million but i could envisage it rising above that but at the same time we're really trying and ensuring that we have that consistency of free cash flow conversion of the of the 90 percent and so 2025 was a year where there was not a lot of new output from the capital expenditures that we had put into the ground and it was more a question of yield improvement to allow for the average of a 25 percent growth in that area and we had been I'll say quite successful and probably exceeded our expectations of the improvements we could make. And as you know, in previous calls, I've talked about building a new plant in Japan, which has been done, building a new plant in Europe, which has been done, and then placing new capital into those two new manufacturing plants plus the existing one in the U.S. and so a lot of that capital will come on stream towards the back end of 2026 and into 2027 but it hasn't really stopped there and in dialogue with our customers more recently we are seeing again further further demand patterns evolve where additional investments are required and so right now if I was to call it I envisage that 2027 they'll see an even higher capital number if all of the if all of our discussions come come home and the I quoted in my prepared remarks about four out of seven customers that was the both the very large gas turbine customers and the I'll say smaller mid-sized but if I just confine it to the large gas turbines for the principal utilities but now some of them being sold directly to data centers where you know it's a gigawatt of energy output is required then we've now completed three out of four I will say outcomes or discussions with those customers and have reached agreement whereby we would seek to invest more for the future while ensuring, again, that we have healthy returns for how much shareholders. So I think that really covers how I think that it's evolved in our thinking both through commercial aerospace, defense, supplementary areas, and further market opportunity in defense. with the collaborative combat aircraft as well and their engine requirements and now in the gas turbine market. So it's a particularly exciting time. And as you know, we always back the AERIS investment in the company which earn high returns. I hope that covers it, Doug.

Well, and just on margins, the 34%, which was unusually high.

Well, I think it's a good margin. As you know, I never am willing to consider what margins are for the future because I find it always a very difficult topic to cover. As you know, we don't seek to take them down, but at the same time predicting increases is not something that I've ever been willing to do because so many factors come into play regarding that. I mean, at the moment, I see, for example, us having to take on additional costs, not only of the new manufacturing plants, but also I think that we're going to recruit another net 1,500 people plus in 2026 into our engine segment. And so, you know, and all of those people will require training and, you know, et cetera, et cetera. So there's a lot going on. And I'm also very clear that if we were to hit all our marks, then again, the output that we need to achieve won't come from just the new capital load. We've got to try to attain further yield improvements, which then requires us to have, you know, effective labor and then obviously bringing together all of the, you know, I'll say the flow that we have and trying to get more repeatable product through our manufacturing facilities. And I think the opportunity which I see in the midterm is that we will be able to move from more batch production in the gas turbine area to more of a flow-style production, which, again, towards the end of a decade should begin to, as you say, further give us impetus on yields and therefore margin. But it's way too early to predict that, Doug.

Great. Very good. Thank you.

Thank you.

The next question is from Seth Seifman with J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.

Yeah, hey, guys. This is Alex on for Seth today. Yeah, maybe one kind of more specific to the guide for this year. You know, based on the guide for Q1, the midpoint of the rest of the guide for 2026 kind of implies minimal improvement in revenue-adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EPS. Now, wondering if you could kind of walk us through the puts and takes there and why that is. And, you know, also on the margin, you know, the full-year guide kind of implies that the margin is going to decline 30 bits for the full year from the 30.6 in Q1. You know, wondering how much of that might be related to maybe some startup friction, you know, related to the engine capacity additions you're expecting to come online this year, or if there's, you know, maybe some other things we should account for there.

I think, Alex, the most important thing to note is that we do have an extraordinary amount going on in the company. We're deploying capital for new equipment at an extraordinary rate. We're building or extending five new manufacturing plants. and one thing I haven't commented on is that we actually purchased another manufacturing plant let's call it a brownfield in February of this year essentially aimed at the gas turbine market because we've literally run out of square footage with all the capacitization that we've been considering and then as you have heard we're taking on to acquisitions, one of which we've closed, one of which we expect to close during the year. So between building out of capital equipment, building out of new sites, recruitment of labor, and also the acquisitions we've talked about, that's an enormous amount going on. And it's always a struggle to believe you'd be successful or, you know, on every single one of them and et cetera, et cetera. So, I mean, for me, 30 basis points of margin is not really that significant. I'd look at the incrementals and I'll say, you know, it's like I think 43% in Q1 and maybe I think 41% for the year. So, again, pretty close. And, you know, we've got to make sure that all of those new manufacturing facilities is come on stream, you know, build products while taking on labor. And, you know, there's always the possibility of us not hitting everything in quite the way we do it. And therefore, I think caution is always the best way. And, you know, we take, as you've heard me say in the past, our guide seriously. So, you know, I think predicting 30.3% EBITDA margins for the year is pretty good at this point. And if we manage everything really well, then maybe it'll be better. But at this point, you know, I think we're giving you that best shot of what we think is a balanced view of everything that's going on.

Okay. Thank you very much. Thank you.

The next question is from Robert Stallard with Vertical Research. Please go ahead.

thanks so much good morning hey Robert John I just want to follow up on your comments on the ITT investment do you think the ROIC on all this spending is going to be similar to what you've achieved in commercial and aerospace in the past

I think first of all if you go back and review what I've said publicly is that there essentially is no difference between the margin that we have on gas turbines and output in our commercial aerospace or defense aerospace. So it's all having a similar order of magnitude. If you look at the embedded return on capital, again, of a very similar nature. Of course, the more, I'll say, brand-new virgin capital you deploy, It can act as a bit of a drag on those returns. And at the moment, you know, it's difficult to plan out all of the blends that might be going on since, you know, we haven't bottomed yet what the final capital deployment will be in the gas turbine sector. As I said, we've completed three out of four of the major large gas turbine customers all across the whole of the gas turbine segment, four out of seven. So there's still a lot to consider, and each one of our customers are also looking themselves at whether they can achieve an output increase across all of the, I'll say, their own bills plus other, I'll say, component suppliers. and so all of those discussions are continuing and therefore the final capital bill and exactly the timing of it it's going to be deployed, it's difficult to know but the direction I've tried to indicate it's like we spent maybe 300, I can't remember the number now 350 million plus our mines were 340 in 24 415, 25 we're saying 470 midpoints with a plus or minus 20 but if you ask me to give a gut feel i'll be saying more like a plus side at this point and 27 you know again it's not fully baked by any means but i envisage at the moment to be at least at least the amount that we have in 2026 or possibly even higher as we complete all of these things um and then just trying to you know say bring it all to uh to to earth as we uh as we plan all these things out and and again you know make sure that we can afford it even with the envelope of cash generation we've talked about so just specifically picking on roic you know it's all of a similar order of magnitude today but the blends of what's new capital versus the existing base, you know, that can change as we've moved through the next two or three years.

All right. That's great. Thanks, John.

Thank you.

The next question is from John Godin with Citi. Please go ahead.

Hey, thanks for taking my question. Cash generation has been strong, financial leverage at record lows, like you mentioned. I just wanted to talk about capital deployment a bit, how you're thinking about M&A versus buybacks, and with M&A, we saw, you know, the consolidated airspace manufacturing deal, which was a bit larger. I'm just kind of curious how you're thinking about the landscape for larger M&A and growth opportunities that could unlock.

And first of all, we've been pretty bold on providing returns to our shareholders, essentially passing back all of the cash flow that we've achieved whether it's been share repurchase dividend debt reduction in the same category while ensuring that we have always invested enough to be able to basically drive the organic growth of the company forward and you've seen consistently growth in the double-digit area for several years and also indicating another double-digit growth for this year. And if we're successful on all of the capital expenditure this year, then I envision 27 will also be healthy. So first priority, John, is always the deployment of capital to enable the growth opportunities that we have come to fruition. then clearly we measure the share buyback and also while taking into account the opportunity for M&A and where the leverage of the balance sheet is and so if you think about CAM it is 1.8 billion is significant but at the same time where we think about the leverage is that we're below our long-run target average. Let's call it one and a half or less than that. And so CAM doesn't really stretch us, and we envisage being able to continue to buy back shares as well. So currently it's not a choice, one or the other. We're able to, I'll say, at this point, do it all. We're investing in the business at record level, so $450,000 trending to $500 million. We're deploying share buyback in a significant way and probably going to end up with a larger buyback in 2026 than we had in 2025. We're deploying capital into CAM of about $1.8 billion. And if I give you dimensions for the Brunner acquisition, it's in that $120 million to $150 million range of capital. um and let's say about a 60 million of revenue so we at the moment if you think about it and also been kicking up dividend as well even though i think the dividend yield is not the highest because you know we're growing so rapidly i mean we're managing at this point to do it all so uh i don't see why we have to you know you know fundamentally say we're going to do one or the other and so you know we shall keep reviewing where the other m&a opportunities uh come up but again be very disciplined and you've seen the two we've done very much down the middle of the fairway of uh of you know it's in segments that we know well segments that have uh earned the right to grow segments that are producing very healthy absolute margins and so um you know we need an And increased capex for fasteners, absolutely. You know, willingness to deploy for an acquisition, absolutely. And it's not stopping us also buying back shares. It's an elevated rate above the previous years. Excellent. Thank you. Thank you.

The next question is from Scott Deutschel with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning. John, given the demand for gas turbines and the unique value that HEMET creates in that market, Do you see a future scenario where your gas turbine revenue at engine products could ultimately be larger than the commercial jet engine revenue?

That takes me too far out there. I don't think so because our commercial aerospace and our defense aerospace business is also growing rapidly, has grown. And, you know, I don't see that at this point in time. So I guess the short answer would be no. I think the most notable thing, though, that's going on, it's not just for us the growth in absolute volume. And I think I've talked about it in the past, but maybe not sufficiently. There's also a product mix change going on at the same time. whereby some of the technologies that was previously deployed in aerospace are also now being deployed in the gas turbine business, probably even more so in the small to mid-range gas turbines, but also now in the large gas turbine area, when that is providing airflow passages through the turbine blades and therefore requiring us to core the core tools to be able to provide those air passageways. And that, again, produces for us a content increase. So we're looking at both the absolute requirement to build more puddles plus also the evolving landscape over the next few years. I'll say more complex type of turbine blades, which again plays to our strength and capabilities. So it's all good, but I'm not yet ready for the premise that it could exceed. I mean, I don't know where we're going to be, say, 2030 or beyond. There's a lot of things got to happen yet to get this current, I will say, requirements built out. But, you know, you do see the need for electricity increasing at a rapid pace, really, for not just the next three years, but, you know, well beyond, maybe for the next decade and beyond.

Thank you. Just testing your bullishness. Sounds like there's still some upside there. Thank you.

The next question is from Sheila Kayaglu with Jefferies. Please go ahead.

John, Patrick, good morning. And John, it does seem like you are doing it all. You know, you are in the process of closing CAM and you just did the Bruner acquisition. Mark's more M&A than you've done in the past. Maybe if you could just give us greater depth in terms of the markets it opens up, the product offering, and how you're thinking about maybe the returns as you think

about either building or buying um in in terms of these investments yeah i think the uh to start with the the cam uh acquisition for us it takes us into the fittings and couplings area of i've said the wider fastener market and uh and that helps us to build out that uh that those segments in a more significant way and bring another very powerful force to market with the, I'll say, the backing and the ability to deploy capital behind it. And so that's particularly exciting for us. And also, I think it's also exciting for our customers because I think they need and they see the opportunity for Hamlet to provide further support in those segments of the market. I mean, Fastness, of course, you know, it's good, it's interesting, and, you know, we appreciate all of it. But I think the main thrust would be in those other adjacent segments that we can build out. So that would give you a bit of a theme on CAM. In terms of Bruna, what we saw, and so far, if you take just Boltz as an example, You know, we've been in the market producing, I'll say, the smaller range of bolts, which are threaded bolts in particular, plus obviously nuts, but I'm really concentrating this discussion on bolts. But we've never really had the ability nor the size of capital to manage long lengths of bolts nor diameters in excess of an inch diameter. And so Bruna offers us a ready-made solution for that. and when we think about the markets that we don't serve both in aerospace and in parts of industrial where if we had got that product offering then we would be more significant in the market and therefore again help with our growth rate then that's what Bruna brings to us And so if we were to try to build out that capability ourselves, particularly in the commercial aerospacing, by the time you've engineered it, by the time you've deployed the capital, you've got the certifications, whereas now we have really made profitable base business, which we can now seek certification of into certain aerospace applications and also into the wider market. So, again, it's where I think the application of the heft of our commercial position and the ability to deploy capital and make further investments is really going to see benefits for us and for our customers where we're bringing up a powerful new product capability to the market. And so that's the essence of the Brewer acquisition.

Got it. Thank you.

Thank you.

The next question is Myles Walton with Wolf Research. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning.

You have Louis Federer on for Myles.

Good morning.

Good morning, John. And Patrick, welcome. John, I was hoping you could provide some additional color on how spares performed in the fourth quarter and the full year 2025 between commercial and then defense, I guess, slash IGT. And what are your thoughts for 2026?

Yeah, so in aggregates, our spares business grew over 30%, probably getting close to 33% for the year. And so, again, a very healthy growth rate for us. Against the mark where I think I'd said that we saw spares moving towards 20% over 25 and 26 in terms of the total revenue of Hamlet. In actual fact, we exceeded that. We were at 21% for the 2025 year. So again, the overall growth rate helped us get to that level. And hopefully, we don't stop at 21. inside that 21 is that it's about 40% of our engines business and to give you one other bit of color inside our overall let's say 32 33% growth last year commercial error was was only 40% and so healthy growth and you know and we see that growth continuing into into 2026 I haven't called out a specific number yet, but having achieved the 21%, then hopefully we don't regress from that, and hopefully it continues to be a larger portion of the Hammett overall revenue picture. Very much.

Thank you.

The next question is from Peter Arment with Baird. Please go ahead.

Hey, yes. Good morning, John, Patrick. Hey, John, regarding like engine margins in general, like automation has been a big part of kind of a beneficiary for you. Can you maybe give us a little more color on like kind of where you are in the automation journey for engines and are there other opportunities in the business that you see for automation?

We spent quite a bit of money over, I'd say, 23, 24 in automation. and that's obviously been very beneficial for us and has helped mute our need for additional employees. You can see we've been hiring at a significant rate. We've made sure that all of the new capital we've deployed has a high level of automation. So when we showcase a new manufacturing plant in Whitehall next month, You'll see something that I talked about in one of the previous calls about digital thread and it was to track manufacturing to an extraordinary degree and also allow us to bring, I'll say, machine learning and AI to a degree across that plant, and so I'm very hopeful. But I also know that the thirst for capital has been so high, and it's not just can we deploy the cash, But it's also where we can. It's also our engineering bandwidth, which has been totally absorbed by, I'll say, the new markets that we've been developing for and customer requirements. And so it's taken a bit of a backseat in 25 and 26. And so the moment our choice has been, we'll match the market and achieve that. And that's far more important for us to just to, you say, maintain and grow our market share and meet customer demand. And we have the opportunity maybe in maybe it's 27 or probably more like 28, 29 to go back. and automate some of the processes that we did not do while we were doing all of this, even though all of the new stuff we're doing is highly automated.

Appreciate the caller. Thanks, John.

Thank you.

This concludes the question and answer session, and the conference has also now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.