Kinross Gold Corp 6-K, filed Mar 10, 2020

Kinross Gold Corp (KGC)

6-K 2020-03-10 For: 2020-03-10

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Kinross Gold Corp filed this 6-K on March 10, 2020.

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99.1	Press Release dated March 10, 2020.
99.2	Technical Report dated March 10, 2020 with respect to the Paracatu Mine, Brazil (“Technical Report”)
99.3	Certificate of John L. Sims dated March 10, 2020 with respect to the Technical Report as filed on SEDAR.
99.4	Consent of John L. Sims dated March 10, 2020 with respect to the Technical Report as filed on SEDAR.
99.5	Consent of John L. Sims dated March 10, 2020 for the US filing of the Technical Report.

1.	SUMMARY		7
	1.1	Executive Summary	7
	1.2	Technical Summary	7

2.	INTRODUCTION		14
	2.1	Qualified Person	14
	2.2	Information Sources	14
	2.3	Effective Dates	14
	2.4	List of Abbreviations	15

3.	RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS		16

4.	PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION		17
	4.1	Location	17
	4.2	Mineral Tenure	17
	4.3	Mineral Rights	19
	4.4	Royalties and Other Encumbrances	20
	4.5	Permitting	20

5.	ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY		25
	5.1	Accessibility	25
	5.2	Climate	25
	5.3	Local Resources and Infrastructure	25
	5.4	Physiography and Environment	25

6.	HISTORY		26
	6.1	Prior Ownership	26
	6.2	Exploration and Development History	26
	6.3	Historical Resource Estimates	27
	6.4	Past Production	28

7.	GEOLOGICAL SETTING		30
	7.1	Regional Geology	30
	7.2	Local Geology	32
	7.3	Property Geology	35
	7.4	Mineralization	37

8.	DEPOSIT TYPES		40

9.	EXPLORATION		41
	9.1	Mining Leases	41
	9.2	Exploration Licences	41

10.	DRILLING		42
	10.1	Drilling Programs	42
	10.2	Logging Procedures	43
	10.3	Collar Surveys	43
	10.4	Down-hole Surveys	43
	10.5	Core Recovery	45

	10.6	Comments on Drill Programs	46

11.	SAMPLE COLLECTION, PREPARATION, ANALYSES, AND SECURITY		47
	11.1	Sampling Method and Approach	47
	11.2	Sample Security and Chain of Custody	48
	11.3	Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security	48
	11.4	Background on Quality Assurance and Quality Control	49
	11.5	Quality Assurance and Quality Control for Drilling Programs	50
	11.6	Database	52
	11.7	Comment on Sample Collection, Preparation, Analysis and Security	52

12.	DATA VERIFICATION		53

13.	mineral processing and metallurgical testing		54
	13.1	Deposit Mineralogical Characterization	54
	13.2	Rougher Tails Characterization	57
	13.3	Leaching	59
	13.4	Clay Minerals	61
	13.5	Gravity and GRG	62
	13.6	BWI and Throughput Model	62

14.	MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE		64
	14.1	Summary of Mineral Resources	64
	14.2	Resource Database	65
	14.3	Geological Model and Estimation Domains	66
	14.4	Statistical Analysis and Compositing	72
	14.5	Variography and Continuity Analysis	83
	14.6	Estimation Methodology	88
	14.7	Cut-off Grade and Pit Constraint	93
	14.8	Classification	94
	14.9	Mineral Resource Validation	96
	14.10	Ore Control	103
	14.11	Reconciliation	104
	14.12	Estimate Acceptance	106

15.	MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATE		107
	15.1	Basis of Reserve Estimate and Pit Optimization	107
	15.2	Recovery	109
	15.3	Mining Costs	109
	15.4	Process Costs	109
	15.5	Selling Costs	110
	15.6	Cut-Off Grade	110
	15.7	Comment on Mineral Reserves	110

16.	MINING METHODS		111
	16.1	Mining Operations	111
	16.2	Mine Design	111
	16.3	Geotechnical Considerations	115
	16.4	Production Schedule	116
	16.5	Waste Rock	119
	16.6	Equipment	120
	16.7	Personnel Requirements	120

17.	RECOVERY METHODS		121
	17.1	Process Description	121
	17.2	ROM Crusher	121
	17.3	Plant I	123
	17.4	Plant II	124
	17.5	Hydro	125

18.	PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE		127
	18.1	Access	127
	18.2	Power	127
	18.3	Water	130

19.	MARKET STUDIES AND CONTRACTS		131

20.	ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, PERMITTING, AND SOCIAL OR COMMUNITY IMPACT		131
	20.1	Environmental Studies and Management	131
	20.2	Permitting	137
	20.3	Social and Community-Related Requirements	139
	20.4	Mine Closure Requirements and Costs	140

21.	CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS		144
	21.1	Capital Costs	144
	21.2	Operating Costs	144

22.	ECONOMIC ANALYSIS		145

23.	ADJACENT PROPERTIES		145

24.	OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION		146

25.	INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS		148

26.	RECOMMENDATIONS		148

27.	REFERENCES		148

28.	DATE AND SIGNATURE PAGE		149

Table 1-1:	Mineral Resources exclusive of Mineral Reserves – December 31, 2019	10
Table 1-2:	Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves – December 31, 2019	10
Table 1-3:	PSAT and PET summary results	11
Table 1-4:	Operating cost estimate for LOM (January 1, 2020 forward)	13
Table 4-1:	Paracatu mineral rights	22
Table 6-1:	Paracatu historical drilling	29
Table 6-2:	Paracatu life of mine production summary	31
Table 10-1:	Drill holes database summary	46
Table 11-1:	Drilling program summary table	52
Table 11-2:	Summary of analytical quality control data - blanks 2012 to 2019	53
Table 11-3:	Summary of analytical quality control data CRM´s 2012 to 2019	53
Table 13-1:	Deposit mineralogical characterization	58
Table 13-2:	Gold distribution (C1 – S-rich; C2 – quartizite/silica; C3 – lower alkali; C4 – life of mine)	58
Table 13-3:	2017 CIL Feed and CIL tails characterization	63
Table 13-4:	E-GRG test results	65
Table 14-1:	Mineral Resources exclusive of Mineral Reserves – December 31, 2019	67
Table 14-2:	Geologic model units / gold estimate domains	69
Table 14-3:	Gold subdomains in the resource model	72
Table 14-4:	EOY 2018 - density database summary – raw data vs composite	80
Table 14-5:	Summary of variography for gold domains.	88
Table 14-6:	Variables used to build the 2019 MRMR block model	91
Table 14-7:	Parameters used to estimate gold domain in the model.	93
Table 14-8:	Parameters used to estimate gold domain in the model.	94
Table 14-9:	Parameters used to estimate sulfur domain into the model.	94
Table 14-10:	Classification criteria for Measured, Indicated and Inferred	98
Table 14-11:	Gold composite vs block model by domains.	100
Table 14-12:	Density composite vs block model by domains.	100
Table 14-13:	Sulfur composite vs block model by domains.	101
Table 14-14:	2019 Mineral inventory constrained by US$1,400/oz resource pit shell.	105
Table 14-15:	Kinross guidelines for reconciliation	108
Table 14-16:	Reconciliation figures for the past three years	108
Table 15-1:	Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves – December 31, 2019	110
Table 15-2:	Pit Optimization parameters	111
Table 15-3:	Mineral Reserve cut-off grade calculation	113
Table 16-1:	Grade and tonnage values in the design pit	114
Table 16-2:	Base case open pit design parameters	115
Table 16-3:	Pit slope angles used in open pit mine optimization	118
Table 16-4:	Paracatu LOM mining schedule	119
Table 16-5:	Paracatu life of mine processing schedule	120
Table 16-6:	Current Paracatu mine equipment schedule	123
Table 16-7:	Operations personnel requirements	123
Table 21-1:	Sustaining capital estimate for LOM (January 1, 2020 forward)	148
Table 21-2:	Operating cost estimate for LOM (January 1, 2020 forward)	148
Table 24-1:	PSAT and PET summary results	152

	KINROSS GOLD CORPORATION


	Signed: //Kathleen M. Grandy//
	Vice President, Legal and Corporate Secretary

Figure 4-1:	Paracatu mine location map	19
Figure 4-2:	Paracatu mining and exploration claims map	25
Figure 5-1:	Satellite images showing of the location of Paracatu and Morro do Ouro Mine (Google Image ™)	26
Figure 6-1:	Paracatu mine historical production	30
Figure 7-1:	Simplified geology of the Brasilia Belt	33
Figure 7-2:	Local geology	35
Figure 7-3:	Stratigraphic column, Morro do Ouro member region.	36
Figure 7-4:	Property geology of the Paracatu deposit	38
Figure 7-5:	Cross section of the Paracatu deposit (vertical exaggeration 2x).	39
Figure 7-6:	Mineralization types and veins, sulfides and boudins morphology.	40
Figure 8-1:	Schematic diagrams illustrating the proposed mechanism of formation of the Morro do Ouro deposit (Oliver et al., 2015)	42
Figure 10-1:	Drill rig operated by Kinross team in pit area.	44
Figure 10-2	Plan view of Kinross Paracatu showing existing drill holes (blue dots) relative to December 2019 pit topography	47
Figure 10-3:	Drill hole location in the pit area showing zone with lower and higher recovery.	48
Figure 11-1:	Example of geostats standard (G311-3) chart of quality control 2019 YTD.	54
Figure 13-1:	Sample locations for characterization program	57
Figure 13-2:	Gold grain size – D50	59
Figure 13-3:	Rougher tails mineralogical characterization	60
Figure 13-4:	Gold and particle size distribution	61
Figure 13-5:	CIL tails characterization from 2011 to 2017	62
Figure 13-6:	Hydro (CIL) tails and TOC correlation	64
Figure 13-7:	Clay mineral development	64
Figure 13-8:	50 x 50 x 12 m block kriging for BWI	66
Figure 14-1:	Plan view location of Mineral Resource estimate cut by ultimate resource.	68
Figure 14-2:	Cross section and 3D view of domains for gold estimation.	70
Figure 14-3:	Cross section domains and gold grades.	71
Figure 14-4:	Schematic weathering profile and correlation with cores.	73
Figure 14-5:	Location of re-logged cores.	74
Figure 14-6:	Quartzite model showing lens locations.	75
Figure 14-7:	Histograms showing statistics of gold raw data and 6 m composites.	76
Figure 14-8:	Interpolant grade shell showing low continuity of capped values in the deposit.	77
Figure 14-9:	Histograms for uncapped and capped data for Northeast domains.	78
Figure 14-10:	Histograms for uncapped and capped data for Southwest domains	79
Figure 14-11:	3D view of drill hole gold samples.	80
Figure 14-12:	Bimodal histogram showing overall distribution of composited density (SGC) used to update the 2019 resource model.	81
Figure 14-13:	Density block model results by domains.	82

Figure 14-14:	3D view of drill hole sulfur samples.	83
Figure 14-15:	Summary of statistics: Sulfur overall domain 1 (high sulfur) / composite 6 m.	84
Figure 14-16:	ANC composite Length.	85
Figure 14-17:	Spatial distribution of the ANC variable.	86
Figure 14-18:	Search volume and orientation ellipse, isometric view of southwest region of pit	87
Figure 14-19:	Variography: Au Domain 1 NE side (110), major, semi-major and minor.	89
Figure 14-20:	Variography: Au Domain 1 SW side (120), major, semi-major and minor.	89
Figure 14-21:	Variography: Au Domain 2 NE side (210), major, semi-major and minor.	89
Figure 14-22:	Variography: Au Domain 2 SW side (220), major, semi-major and minor.	90
Figure 14-23:	Variography: Au Domain 3 NE side (310), major, semi-major and minor.	90
Figure 14-24:	Variography: Au Domain 3 SW side (320), major, semi-major and minor.	90
Figure 14-25:	ARD classification in the block model	94
Figure 14-26:	Quartzite percentage calculated in block model grid (25mx25mx12m).	96
Figure 14-27:	Plan view of pit shell for Mineral Resource calculated at US$1400/oz.	97
Figure 14-28:	Plan view showing the classification in estimated block model constrained by resource pit shell @$1400/oz.	99
Figure 14-29:	Histogram and cumulative distribution comparing composite 6m and estimated block model by domain.	102
Figure 14-30:	Visual comparison between composite 6 m and estimated block model to domain 1 northeast (110)	103
Figure 14-31:	Histogram and cumulative distribution comparing composite 6 m and estimated block model to domain 1 northeast (110)	103
Figure 14-32:	Swath plot comparison between composite 6m and estimated block model to domain 1 northeast (110).	104
Figure 14-33:	Swath plot comparison between nearest neighbour using composite 12 m and estimated block model to domain 1 northeast (110).	105
Figure 14-34:	Grade tonnage curve 2017 vs 2019 updated model constrained by US$1,400/oz pit shell.	106
Figure 14-35:	Blast hole drill rig (Pit Viper) left side and geology sampling team collecting samples on the drilled cones on the right side.	107
Figure 16-1:	Typical haul road profile	117
Figure 16-2:	Mining phases	118
Figure 16-3:	Slope regions in Paracatu pit	119
Figure 16-4:	Waste dumps	122
Figure 17-1:	Paracatu general flowsheet	124
Figure 17-2:	P1 grinding circuit (4 x Primary ball mill; 1 x Secondary ball mill ; 1 x Rod Mill)	126
Figure 18-1:	Site infrastructure	131
Figure 18-2:	Kinross-owned hydroelectric generating stations	133
Figure 24-1:	Conceptual drawing explaining particle segregation	151
Figure 24-2:	PSAT and PET areas	152

	Tonnes (kt)		Gold (g/t)		Gold Ounces (koz)
Measured (M)		181,341		0.3		2,001
Indicated (I)		163,562		0.4		2,072
M+I		344,903		0.4		4,073

Inferred		47,267		0.2		368

	Notes:

	1.	Mineral Resources are exclusive of Mineral Reserves.

	Notes:

	1.	Mineral Reserves estimated according to CIM Definitions.

	2.	Mineral Reserves estimated at $1,200/oz Au.

	3.	Stockpile balances above the reserve cut-off grade is considered as reserve and it includes estimated gold production from PSAT in 2020

	4.	Mineral Reserves are reported at gold cut-off grade that varies by BWI and global recovery from 0.16 g/t to 0.24 g/t.

Years		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		Total
	Feed (tonnes)		363		6,043		8,675		10,440		10,437		35,958
PSAT	Grade (g/t)		1.090		0.521		0.387		0.261		0.262		0.344
PSAT	Recovery (%)		79.42		75.88		68.95		61.03		62.37		66.01
	Ounces		9,857		73,990		76,560		51,533		56,431		268,371
	Feed (tonnes)		-		482		1,736		1,661		1,789		5,668
PET	Grade (g/t)		-		0.535		0.439		0.449		0.400		0.438
PET	Recovery (%)		-		73.43		75.11		NA		NA		NA
	Ounces		-		6,091		18,038		NA		NA		NA

Area	Unit	Cost¹
Mining	US$/t mined²	$	1.76
Rehandle	US$/t rehandled	$	1.22
Processing	US$/t processed³	$	3.77
PSAT	US$/t processed⁴	$	1.80
Site Admin	million US$/year		42.0

	3.	Based on combined Plant 1 and Plant 2 costs, includes PET costs, excludes PSAT and sustaining capital costs.

m	Micron	kt/d	thousand tonnes per day
°C	degree Celsius	kPa	kilopascal
°F	degree Fahrenheit	kWh/t	kilowatt-hour per tonne
mg	Microgram	kW	kilowatt
a	Annum	kWh	kilowatt-hour
Au	Gold	L	litre
Bbl	Barrels	LFO	light fuel oil
BRL	Brazilian Real	L/s	liters per second
Btu	British thermal units	m	metre
C$	Canadian dollars	M	mega (million)
CIL	carbon-in-leach	m²	square metre
cm	Centimeter	m³	cubic metre
cm²	square centimetre	mbgl	metres below ground level
CV	coefficient of variation	min	minute
d	Day	masl	metres above sea level
dia.	Diameter	mm	millimetre
dmt	dry metric tonne	Mt/a	million tonne per year
dwt	dead-weight ton	MTO	material take-off
ft	Foot	MW	megawatt
ft/s	foot per second	MWe	megawatt-electrical
ft²	square foot	m³/h	cubic metres per hour
ft³	cubic foot	Opt	ounce per short ton
g	Gram	Oz	Troy ounce (31.1035g)
G	giga (billion)	PAU	preassembly unit
gal	Imperial gallon	ppm	part per million
g/L	gram per liter	Psig	pound per square inch gauge
g/t	gram per tonne	S	second
gpm	Imperial gallons per minute	st	short ton
gr/ft³	grain per cubic foot	stpa	short ton per year
gr/m³	grain per cubic metre	stpd	short ton per day
ha	Hectare	T	metric tonne
HFO	heavy fuel oil	t/a	metric tonne per year
hp	Horsepower	t/d	metric tonne per day
in	Inch	US$	United States dollar
in²	square inch	USg	United States gallon
J	Joule	USgpm	US gallon per minute
k	thousand (kilo)	V	volt
kg	Kilogram	WBS	work breakdown structure
km	Kilometer	wmt	wet metric tonne
km/h	kilometre per hour	yd³	cubic yard
km²	square kilometre	yr	year

	Notes:

	1.	Average life-of-mine costs.

	2.	Excludes sustaining capital.

Mineral Right number	Type of License	Requested Date	Granted Date	Area (ha)
830.140/2006	Exploration Permit	2006-01-24	2010-06-30		21.71
830.309/2018	Exploration Permit	2018-02-23	2018-03-23		1,967.26
830.311/2018	Exploration Permit	2018-02-23	2018-04-03		1,806.85
830.364/2018	Exploration Permit	2018-02-27	2018-04-03		411.86
830.742/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-04-04	2009-06-01		376.64
830.854/2012	Exploration Permit	2012-03-20	2019-09-12		730.22
830.906/2012	Exploration Permit	2012-03-26	2019-09-12		1,750.12
831.232/2012	Exploration Permit	2012-04-16	2019-09-12		1,000.04
831.358/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-06-13	2009-04-24		138.64
831.537/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-07-04	2009-06-10		402.7
831.827/2007	Exploration Permit	2007-06-11	2019-10-09		1,469.99
831.892/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-08-17	2009-03-23		0.97
831.896/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-08-17	2009-03-23		1,879.09
831.944/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-08-22	2018-02-06		613.12
831.945/2005	Exploration Permit	2005-08-22	2009-03-23		1,366.63
832.896/2012	Exploration Permit	2012-09-24	2019-10-09		907.67
833.345/2012	Exploration Permit	2012-10-17	2018-03-15		724.83
			Subtotal		15,568.34
830.594/2015	Exploration Permit Application	2015-03-16			1,029.84
830.636/2005	Exploration Permit Application	2006-10-13			1,030.13
831.002/2006	Exploration Permit Application	2010-08-05			743.58
831.003/2006	Exploration Permit Application	2010-08-05			1,630.74
831.110/1997	Exploration Permit Application	2015-07-07			982.3
831.342/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,847.49
831.343/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,759.74
831.344/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,758.66
831.345/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			657.34
831.346/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,994.05
831.347/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,994.85
831.348/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,993.94
831.349/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,993.77
831.350/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,993.72
831.351/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,994.42
831.352/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,993.58
831.353/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,992.79
831.354/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,991.99
831.355/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,991.27
831.356/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,990.38
831.357/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,236.57
831.358/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,992.91
831.359/2019	Exploration Permit Application	2019-10-24			1,992.12

		Hole Type		Number		Total
Year	Campaign	(Diameter)		of Holes		(m)
1984	PMO		6"		44		2,462
1988	PAR		6"		26		1,014
1989	PRF		RC		67		2,791
1990	PRI		6"		15		652
1992-1997, 1999, 2000	PMP		6"		275		7,958
1993, 1996, 1997	PB2		6"		36		1,857
1993-1996	FPA		6"		97		3,405
1996	ALB		6"		11		335
1996	RAB		6"		20		583
2000	MA		HX (3")		2		35
2000	PEC		HX (3")		32		2,658
2000, 2004	WCR		HX (3")		9		2,031
2001	PPC		HX (3")		38		1,732
2001	PTE		HX (3")		2		56
Totals					674		27,569

	Tonnes milled		Feed grade		Gold Produced
Year	(million)		(Au g/t)		(koz)
1987*		1*		0.78		4
1988		6		0.77		113
1989		8		0.67		146
1990		9		0.64		160
1991		10		0.61		166
1992		10		0.58		167
1993		13		0.50		175
1994		13		0.50		169
1995		14		0.49		163
1996**		14		0.50		166
1997		15		0.47		157
1998		16		0.48		181
1999		17		0.45		189
2000		20		0.47		229
2001		16		0.48		187
2002		18		0.44		225
2003		18		0.44		201
2004		17		0.42		189
2005		17		0.38		180
2006		18		0.38		173
2007***		19		0.37		175
2008		21		0.38		190
2009		40		0.41		354
2010		43		0.45		482
2011		45		0.42		453
2012		53		0.38		467
2013		56		0.38		500
2014		51		0.41		521
2015		45		0.44		478
2016		47		0.44		483
2017		38		0.41		360
2018		54		0.43		522
2019		58		0.43		620
Total		840		0.45		8,917

	•	Core logging meets industry standards for gold exploration

	•	Collar surveys have been performed using industry-standard instrumentation

	•	Down hole surveys have been performed using industry-standard instrumentation

	•	Recoveries from core drill programs are acceptable

	•	Drilling is normally perpendicular to the strike of the mineralization, which is appropriate for the mineralization style, and orebody geometry. Depending on the plunge of the drill hole, and the dip of the mineralization, drill intercept widths are typically greater than true widths.

	•	Sample collection;

	•	Core Logging;

	•	Delivery of samples to the preparation and analytical laboratories;

	•	Sample storage; and

	•	Sample security at final destination (archive).

	•	ALS Chemex sample preparation facility in Luziânia and ALS Chemex analytical facility in Vancouver, Canada

	•	SGS Lakefield laboratories – Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Year		Min Au (g/t)		Max Au (g/t)		Average Au (g/t)		Accepted Max Value (g/t)		No. Submitted		No. Returned		No. Pass		% Pass		No. Fail		% Fail
	2012		0.005		0.032		0.006		0.032		755		748		735		98.26		13		1.738
	2013		0.002		0.028		0.004		0.032		973		965		953		98.76		12		1.244
	2014		0.001		0.028		0.004		0.036		2033		2031		2026		99.75		5		0.246
	2015		0.001		0.034		0.005		0.036		1577		1555		1553		99.87		2		0.129
	2016		0.001		0.030		0.005		0.036		1701		1640		1636		99.76		4		0.244
	2017		0.001		0.026		0.005		0.036		1908		1876		1873		99.84		3		0.160
	2018		0.001		0.020		0.004		0.036		438		434		433		99.77		1		0.230
	2019		0.001		0.026		0.004		0.036		339		339		338		99.71		1		0.295
	Global		0.001		0.029		0.005		0.035		9,724		9,588		9,547		99.57		41		0.428

	•	Data are collected following industry standard sampling protocols

	•	Sampling has been performed in accordance with industry best practices

	•	Sample intervals used (1 and 3 m) are typical for the gold industry, and these intervals are considered to be adequately representative of the true thicknesses of mineralization at Paracatu

	•	The specific gravity determination procedure is consistent with industry-standard procedures

	•	There are sufficient specific gravity determinations to support the specific gravity values used in waste and mineralization tonnage interpolations

	•	Geochemical sampling covers a sufficient area and is adequately spaced to generate first-order geochemical anomalies, and thus is representative of first-pass exploration sampling

	•	Drill sampling has been adequately spaced to first define, then infill, gold anomalies to produce prospect-scale and deposit-scale drill data. In general, the drill collar spacing ranges from 25 m x 25 m, to 70 m x 70 m

	•	The QA/QC program incorporates the insertion of blank, duplicate and CRM samples

	•	Sample security is ensured by locking samples in appropriate sample storage areas prior to dispatch to the sample preparation facility. At other times, samples are always accompanied by Kinross employees. Chain of custody procedures consist of completing sample submittal forms, which are sent to the laboratory with sample shipments, to make certain that all samples are received by the laboratory

	•	No factors were identified in the drill programs that could affect mineral resource or mineral reserve estimation

	•	Current sample storage procedures and storage areas are consistent with industry standards.

Mineral	C1 S-Rich (wt %)		C2 Quatzite/Silica Affected Zone (wt %)		C3 Lower Alkali (wt %)		C4 Life of Mine (wt %)
Quartz		40.3		40.5		41.3		42.8
Mica		35.1		34.3		33.6		31.1
Albite		6.3		6.6		7.3		6.5
Siderite		5.9		7.5		5.9		4.5
Microcline		1.4		1.4		1.2		3.7
Ankerite		1.7		2.0		1.5		0.9
Pyrite		1.7		0.2		1.9		1.7
Ilmenite		0.3		0.3		0.4		1.7
Brookite		0.8		0.7		0.7		0.1
Arsenopyrite		0.4		0.3		0.3		0.4
Clay
Illite		4.2		4.2		3.2		2.9
Chlorite		2.0		2.0		2.6		3.8
TOTAL		100		100		100		100

	·	(1) SGS Lakefield (May 2018) / Samples representing the LOM
	·	(2), (3) LCT – São Paulo University (April 2018)
	·	(4), (5) LCT – São Paulo University (July 2017) / Sampled at Plant I

	H3 CIL Feed					H3 CIL Tails
Form & Carrier Of Au	Au (g/t)		Norm.%			Au (g/t)		Norm.%
Assayed Grade (g/t)		11.73± 0.55					1.100± 0.052
Water Soluble Au Salts		-					0.0007		0.1	%
Gold particles
Free
• >40µm		2.33		20.3	%		0.037		3.3	%
• 10-40µm		3.45		30.1	%		0.062		5.6	%
• <10µm		1.47		12.8	%		0.049		4.4	%
Attached
• to free sulphides		3.65		31.8	%		0.134		12.2	%
• to rock particles		0.08		0.7	%		0.005		0.4	%
Enclosed
• in free sulphides		0.15		1.3	%		0.150		13.7	%
• in rock particles		0.004		0.0	%		0.003		0.3	%
Submicroscopic Au
• in pyrite		0.110		1.0	%		0.123		11.1	%
• in aresenopyrite		0.167		1.5	%		0.191		17.2	%
Surface Au
• C-matter particles		0.063		0.6	%		0.350		31.7	%
• Attrited act.C		-					<0.005
Total mineralogically accounted gold		11.47					1.105
% of head assay		97.8%					100.5%

					GRG Value
Ore Type	Grade (g/t)		Stage 3 Grind (micron)		As-tested (%)		Grind Corrected (%)
S-Rich		0.65		107		81.1		78.6
Quartz- Silica Affected Zone		0.90		120		82.9		82.9
Lower Alkali		0.71		207		66.8		76.6
Life of Mine		0.78		157		79.1		90.2

	Tonnes (kt)		Gold (g/t)		Gold Ounces (koz)
Measured (M)		181,341		0.3		2,001
Indicated (I)		163,562		0.4		2,072
M+I		344,903		0.4		4,073

Inferred		47,267		0.2		368

Geological Unit	Associated wireframe	Rock (old classification)	Domain codes
high sulfidation	d1TR.dm	B2	1
low sulfidation	d2TR.dm	B2	2
mineralized zone	d3TR.dm	B1/B2	3
quartzite	d4TR.dm	Q	4
non mineralized	d5TR.dm	A	5

Domain Code	Subdomain code	Associated wireframe	Description
1	110	d1neTR.dm	Domain 1 side NE
1	120	d1swTR.dm	Domain 1 side SW
2	210	d2neTR.dm	Domain 2 side NE
2	220	d2swTR.dm	Domain 2 side SW
3	310	d3neTR.dm	Domain 3 side NE
3	320	d3swTR.dm	Domain 3 side SW
5	510	d5neTR.dm	Domain 5 side NE
5	520	d5swTR.dm	Domain 5 side SW

Domain	Direction (axes)	Nugget (C0)		Sill (C1)		Sill (C2)		1^stST (m)		2^ndST (m)		-Z		+X		-Z
	Major (U)		0.021		0.012		0.0075		100		700
D1NE	SMajor (V)		0.021		0.025		0.0053		50		350		-40		0		0
	Minor (W)		0.021		0.025		0.0053		6		12
	Major (U)		0.012		0.022		0.0195		80		700
D1SW	SMajor (V)		0.012		0.022		0.0195		52		700		90		12		65
	Minor (W)		0.012		0.022		0.0195		12		25
	Major (U)		0.005		0.00575		0.0067		100		400
D2NE	SMajor (V)		0.005		0.00575		0.0067		95		200		-40		0		0
	Minor (W)		0.005		0.00575		0.0067		9		18
	Major (U)		0.012		0.005		0.003		110		550
D2SW	SMajor (V)		0.012		0.005		0.003		80		350		90		12		65
	Minor (W)		0.012		0.005		0.003		12		48
	Major (U)		0.01		0.014		0.0095		75		600
D3NE	SMajor (V)		0.01		0.014		0.0095		75		455		-40		0		0
	Minor (W)		0.01		0.014		0.0095		12		40
	Major (U)		0.01		0.002		0.0096		100		680
D3SW	SMajor (V)		0.01		0.002		0.0096		65		375		90		12		65
	Minor (W)		0.01		0.002		0.0096		12		18

Origin	Variable	Description	Estimate method
Block model	IJK	default block identifier
	XC	X centroid
	YC	Y centroid
	ZC	Z centroid
	XMORIG	X origin
	YMORIG	Y origin
	ZMORIG	Z origin
	XINC	X increment - block size
	YINC	Y increment - block size
	ZINC	Z increment - block size
	NX	X count blocks
	NY	Y count blocks
	NZ	Z count blocks
Category	Litho	AH (waste hanging wall), B1 (oxide), B2 (sulfide), AF (waste foot wall)	Flagging
	WEATHER (N)	1-Soil, 2-Saprolite, 3-Oxidized Rock, 4-Fresh rock	Flagging
	Oxide	oxidation surface: 0 - bellow , 1 – above	Flagging
	DOM	integer domain (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5)	Flagging
	DOMAIN	subdomaining by dip (110/120, 210/220, 310/320, 410 and 510/520)	Flagging
	Mined	1 - Air, 2 - mined, 3 - 2015 ultimate pit, 4 – resource	Flagging
Wireframe flag	mag_zone	magnetic zone	percentile vol
	claypct	clay percent by wireframe	percentile vol
	qtzpct	quartzite percent by wireframe	percentile vol
	qtz_tck_mn	quartzite thickness – Min	percentile vol
	qtz_tck_md	quartzite thickness – Mean	percentile vol
	qtz_tck_mx	quartzite thickness – Max	percentile vol
	wth_pct	weathering percentage	percentile vol

	Search Volume														Samples
Domain	Pass		-Z		+X		-Z		Major		Semi		Minor		Min samples		Max samples		Max per hole
		1		-40		0		0		100		50		8		8		12		2
D1NE		2		-40		0		0		200		100		16		6		10		2
		3		-40		0		0		400		200		32		4		8		2
		1		90		12		65		125		100		8		8		16		2
D1SW		2		90		12		65		250		200		16		6		12		2
		3		90		12		65		375		300		24		4		8		2
		1		-40		0		0		133		70		8		8		12		2
D2NE		2		-40		0		0		266		140		16		6		10		2
		3		-40		0		0		399		210		24		4		8		2
		1		90		12		65		183		117		12		8		12		2
D2SW		2		90		12		65		367		233		24		6		10		2
		3		90		12		65		733		467		48		4		8		2
		1		-40		0		0		100		50		8		8		12		2
D3NE		2		-40		0		0		200		100		16		6		10		2
		3		-40		0		0		400		200		32		4		8		2
		1		90		12		65		227		125		8		8		16		2
D3SW		2		90		12		65		341		188		12		6		12		2
		3		90		12		65		681		375		24		4		8		2

Data	Domain		Count		Min		Max		Mean		Variance		StDev		CV		Median
Block Model		110		18,544		0.089		1.354		0.497		0.01		0.12		0.24		0.487
comp6_in		110		6,913		0.003		1.589		0.491		0.04		0.20		0.40		0.458
Block Model		120		29,440		0.179		1.295		0.560		0.02		0.14		0.25		0.549
comp6_in		120		5,693		0.005		1.797		0.572		0.06		0.24		0.41		0.535
Block Model		210		923		0.054		0.552		0.314		0.01		0.09		0.29		0.322
comp6_in		210		553		0.041		0.744		0.331		0.02		0.15		0.44		0.318
Block Model		220		18,101		0.119		0.688		0.294		0.01		0.08		0.26		0.284
comp6_in		220		3,064		0.012		0.841		0.319		0.02		0.14		0.45		0.287
Block Model		310		53,833		0.011		1.024		0.294		0.02		0.15		0.51		0.266
comp6_in		310		11,559		0.003		1.100		0.298		0.03		0.18		0.60		0.262
Block Model		320		38,152		0.009		0.962		0.218		0.01		0.11		0.48		0.196
comp6_in		320		4,050		0.001		1.100		0.248		0.02		0.16		0.62		0.214

Data	Variable	Domain		Count		Min		Max		Mean		Total		Variance		StDev		CV		Median
bm_sg_val	SGID		overall		185,187		2.222		3.33		2.749		509,096		0.020		0.134		0.050		2.800
comp4_sg_all	SGC		overall		36,838		2.101		3.80		2.750		101,319		0.020		0.139		0.050		2.785
bm_sg_val	SGID		1		54,380		2.294		3.09		2.791		151,790		0.010		0.086		0.030		2.819
comp4_sg_all	SGC		1		13,641		2.15		3.80		2.782		35,966		0.010		0.098		0.040		2.797
bm_sg_val	SGID		2		20,457		2.222		3.06		2.783		56,941		0.010		0.089		0.030		2.810
comp4_sg_all	SGC		2		3,782		2.11		3.80		2.749		10,088		0.020		0.136		0.050		2.788
bm_sg_val	SGID		3		110,350		2.222		3.33		2.722		300,364		0.020		0.153		0.060		2.791
comp4_sg_all	SGC		3		15,129		2.101		3.80		2.715		41,372		0.030		0.170		0.060		2.775