Carpenter Technology Corp Q2 FY2026 Earnings Call

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. My name is Desiree, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Carpenter Technology Corporation's second quarter fiscal year earnings call. Lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question again, press the star one. I would now like to turn the conference over to John Huyette. You may begin.

Good morning, everyone, and welcome to the Carpenter Technology Corporation Earnings Conference Call for the Fiscal 2026 Second Quarter ended December 31, 2025. This call is also being broadcast over the Internet along with presentation slides. For those of you listening by phone, you may experience a time delay in slide movement. Speakers on the call today are Tony Thene, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Timothy Lain, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Statements made by management during this earnings presentation that are forward-looking statements are based on current expectations. Risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements can be found in Carpenter Technology Corporation's most recent SEC filings, including the company's report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2025, Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, and the exhibits attached to those filings. Please also note that in the following discussion, unless otherwise noted, when management discusses the sales or revenue, that reference excludes surcharge. When referring to operating margins, that is based on adjusted operating income excluding special items and sales, excluding surcharge. I will now turn the call over to Tony.

Thank you, John, and good morning to everyone. I will begin on slide four with a review of our safety performance. We ended the 2026 with a total case incident rate of 1.4. We saw improvement over the last quarter. As a result of the actions in this area, I expect to see continued progress going forward. As always, we remain committed to our ultimate goal: a zero injury workplace. Let's turn to slide five for an overview of our second quarter performance. Second quarter performance continued our earnings momentum and sets us up for a strong second half to fiscal year 2026. Let me highlight the four major takeaways for you. One, record earnings. In the second quarter, we generated $155 million in operating income, exceeding our previous record set in the prior quarter. And it is a 31% increase over our 2025 results, another meaningful step up year over year. Our consistent earnings growth continues to be the result of our solid execution, strong market position, and unique capacity and capabilities. Two, expanding operating margins. The SAO segment continued to expand margins, reaching an adjusted operating margin of 33.1% in the quarter. This margin compares to 28.3% a year ago and 32% the prior quarter. Keep in mind that there are many factors that impact what our operating margins can be in any given quarter, most notably the mix of our products. So going forward, we may see some quarters that are flat or slightly lower, but the overall trajectory is anticipated to continue upwards. Our current outlook calls for increasing SAO margins over the next two quarters of fiscal year 2026. As in the past, the positive trend will continue to be driven by increased productivity, product mix optimization, and pricing actions. As a result of the expanding margins, the SAO segment recorded $174.6 million in operating income, an increase of 29% year over year and another all-time record for the segment. Three, strengthening market demand, especially in the aerospace and defense end-use market, as we continue to see strengthening demand signals in terms of OEM production and order intake rates. Our customers are keenly aware of these demand signals and are positioning themselves accordingly. Bookings for the aerospace and defense end-use market increased 8% sequentially. However, it is important to note that defense submarket orders were down materially in the quarter due to the government shutdown and uncertainty in terms of the defense budget. Most importantly, commercial aerospace bookings were up 23% sequentially. This is the fourth consecutive quarter of sequential order intake increases for the aerospace and defense end-use market. Seeing such strong bookings in a quarter that's usually quieter due to the holidays is a good indication of the accelerating demand for our materials. And four, pricing continues to be a tailwind. Given the strong demand outlook, our customers continue to be focused on securing their supply, and our pricing continues to increase. As evidence of this, we completed three additional long-term agreements with aerospace customers with significant price increases during the quarter. These long-term agreements represent good value for us and our customers as they look to secure their material needs going forward. Let's turn to slide six to have a closer look at second quarter sales and market dynamics. In the 2026, our total sales, excluding raw material surcharge, were up 8% over the 2025 and down 2% sequentially. Net sales were as we expected and the result of multiple factors, including available operating days and customer closure schedules. Items that we see at every calendar year end, which I noted in last quarter's earnings call. As we enter our third quarter, these factors are not in play, and we expect a sequential increase in net sales. Let me briefly review some of the key markets. Starting with aerospace and defense, sales in the aerospace and defense end-use market were down 1% sequentially and up 15% year over year. While down modestly on a sequential basis, the aerospace and defense end-use market's net sales represented our second-best quarter on record, and activity with our aerospace and defense customers continues to increase. I will mention two important data points from the aerospace engine and structural submarkets. Order intake in the quarter for our aerospace engine materials was up 30% sequentially, signaling continued growing strength in demand. Importantly, our aerospace structural customers are moving off the sidelines and ramping up order placement. Many of them recently placed their first large orders with us in several quarters and are already preparing the next round of orders, which they anticipate being larger and more urgent. Moving on to the medical end-use market, our sales were down 7% sequentially and 22% compared to the prior year second quarter. The decrease is isolated to certain titanium products for a specific set of medical distribution customers and all within our PEP segment. Clearly, this has impacted the earnings of the much smaller PEP segment. But the impact is not material to total Carpenter Technology Corporation results and not material to our overall earnings outlook or our ability to deliver on such outlook. Outside of these distribution customers for titanium, we do see bright spots in other areas of the medical end-use market. Our orthopedic and dental submarkets remain strong, both near an all-time record. Our advanced solutions are ultimately used to support improved patient outcomes and are critical to trends like minimally invasive surgery, metal sensitivities, and robotics. Remain highly valued by our customers. Shifting to the energy end-use market, sales were down 10% sequentially and up 19% year over year. As I've said many times, sales in the power generation submarket will fluctuate quarter to quarter due to the frequency of orders and our practice of strategically slotting them into our production process. Power generation demand continues to accelerate, driven primarily by the immense energy needs of data centers. We remain in close coordination with the power generation customers across multiple platform types and OEMs to plan for their future material needs. Altogether, we are operating in a strengthening demand environment across the high-value end-use markets that we believe will drive meaningful growth in both the near term and long term. Now I will turn it over to Tim for the financial summary.

Thanks, Tony. Morning, everyone. I'll start in the income statement summary. Starting at the top, sales excluding surcharge increased 8% year over year on 5% higher volume. Sequentially, sales were down 2% on 4% higher volume. The improving productivity, product mix, and pricing are evident in our gross profit, which increased to $218.3 million in the current quarter, up slightly sequentially and up 23% from the same quarter last year. Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expenses were $63.1 million in the second quarter, flat sequentially and up $4.5 million from the same quarter last year. The SG&A line includes corporate costs, which were $26.2 million. This is flat sequentially and up $2.6 million from the 2025. For the upcoming 2026, we expect corporate costs to be about $25 million. Operating income was $155.2 million in the current quarter, which is 31% higher than our 2025 results and up slightly from our recent first quarter. As Tony mentioned earlier, this represents another record quarterly operating income result, breaking the previous record from last quarter. Moving on to our effective tax rate, which was 19% in the current quarter. This quarter's effective tax rate was lower than anticipated primarily due to discrete tax benefits associated with the exercise of certain equity awards in the current quarter. For the balance of the fiscal year, we expect the effective tax rate to be between 22% to 23%. For the full fiscal year 2026, the effective tax rate is expected to be on the low end of the full year guidance we previously provided of 21% to 23%. Finally, the adjusted earnings per diluted share was $2.33 for the quarter. The adjusted earnings per share excludes the impact of the debt refinancing we completed in the quarter, which I'll talk about shortly. Now turning to more detail on each of the segments, starting with our SAO results. Net sales, excluding surcharge for the second quarter, were $527.3 million. Compared to the same quarter last year, sales were up 10% on 5% higher volume, reflecting the impact of product mix optimization and pricing actions. Sequentially, sales were down 1% on 5% higher volume. We recognize there is a significant focus externally on our reported sales and volume each quarter, and ultimately, the selling price per pound of our products, particularly in our SAO segment as an indicator of pricing changes. As we've stated before, the selling price per pound in any given quarter is highly dependent on the mix of products that we ship in any one quarter. As we saw this quarter, our product mix was influenced by the planned maintenance activities and holidays. As a result, our reported net sales excluding surcharge per pound were down slightly sequentially but up year over year. Most importantly, SAO's adjusted operating margin continued to increase and hit record levels, reaching 33.1% in adjusted operating margin. This marks the sixteenth consecutive quarter of margin expansion. As a result, SAO reported operating income of $174.6 million in the second quarter, a new all-time high for the segment. In addition to mix and price benefits, the record performance reflects the SEO team's ability to actively manage our production schedules, increase productivity at key work centers, manage costs, and execute thoughtful planned maintenance activities. Looking ahead to our 2026, we anticipate SAO will generate operating income in the range of $105 million to $200 million. This implies a healthy 12% to 15% increase from SEO's second quarter record results. Now turning to Slide 10 and our PEP segment results. Net sales, excluding surcharge in the 2026, were $77.2 million, down 11% sequentially and down 10% from the same quarter a year ago. As Tony mentioned earlier, the decline was primarily driven by titanium sales, which were heavily impacted by lower demand from specific medical customers. As a result, PEP reported an operating income of $900,000 in the current quarter, compared with $9.4 million in the 2026 and $7 million in the same quarter a year ago. The year-over-year improvement in operating margin reflects increasing sales in our additive business driven by demand, as well as the cost benefits of actions we took last year to reduce structural costs in this business. We currently anticipate the PEP segment's operating income for the upcoming third quarter to be in line with the 2026 results. Before we move to cash flow, I just wanted to pull together the pieces that make up our outlook for operating income for the 2026. We anticipate total operating income of $177 million to $182 million. This includes SAO at $195 million to $200 million, PEP at roughly $7 million, and corporate costs of $25 million. Now turning to the next slide to talk about our cash generation and capital allocation priorities. In the current quarter, we generated $132.2 million of cash from operating activities and spent $46.3 million on capital expenditures, which resulted in adjusted free cash flow of $85.9 million. As I mentioned last quarter, we expect capital spending will accelerate in the 2026 as construction activities related to the brownfield capacity expansion project broaden; equipment delivery and installation begin in earnest. As we look ahead, we expect to generate at least $280 million of adjusted free cash flow in fiscal year 2026. Our free cash flow generation is important as it enables us to deploy a balanced capital allocation. As we've discussed before, our primary focus areas for capital deployment are investing cash in attractive and accretive growth projects and returning cash to shareholders. In that regard, we continue to execute against our share repurchase authorization and repurchased $32.1 million of shares in the current quarter. This brings the total to $183.1 million spent to date against the $400 million authorization that we announced in July 2024. In addition to the buyback program, we also continue to fund a recurring and long-standing quarterly dividend. That brings us to investing in growth. As noted, the brownfield expansion project construction activities are ongoing and rapidly progressing. The project is currently on budget and on schedule. Finally, our ability to deploy capital is also supported by our healthy liquidity and strong balance sheet. In the current quarter, we took actions to strengthen both our balance sheet and liquidity. Namely, we completed the refinancing of our long-term debt to extend the maturity of our notes to 2034 while reducing the interest rate. In addition, we amended and restated our revolving credit facility primarily to increase our credit facility from $350 million to $500 million and extended the term to 2023. As of the most recent quarter end, our total liquidity was $730.8 million including $231.9 million of cash, and $498.9 million of available borrowings under our credit facility. Our credit metrics remain very strong, with our net debt to EBITDA ratio remaining well below one times. Altogether, we believe our strong balance sheet and outlook for significant cash generation positions us well to fund continued growth and deliver significant shareholder returns. With that, I will turn the call back to Tony.

Thanks, Tim. Each quarter, important themes emerge that become the focus of attention in the investment community. As I did last quarter, I will address them in detail to make sure Carpenter Technology Corporation's position is clear. First, the ongoing discussion concerning the strength and acceleration of the aerospace demand environment, with a focus on current and anticipated build rates. On last quarter's earnings call, I spent a lot of time providing details of the positive momentum in the aerospace demand environment. Without repeating everything, I will just state again that the aerospace market is in the midst of one of the largest build ramps ever to meet the unprecedented demand projections. Let me provide a couple of new positive data points that have appeared over the last quarter. Notably, Boeing achieved the milestone of building forty-two 737s in the month of December. On their earnings call earlier this week, Boeing reaffirmed their intention to increase build rates in calendar year 2026; and most notably, they emphasized that builds would be increasing much higher than deliveries, given that finished plane inventory has now been depleted and their intent to build some 737 ahead of delivery in 2027. While citing an expected 10% increase in deliveries, Boeing noted that build activity would have to increase much more to account for the factors I just mentioned. In light of this, our aerospace customers continue to report increasing demand in the supply chain to support the build rate ramp. This, in turn, is accelerating confidence in the aerospace outlook across each of our submarkets. Our aerospace engine customers are full steam ahead. The engine OEMs are asking us whether the supply chain has ordered enough material to support part builds, and our direct customers are focused on getting orders placed against, in many cases, recently signed long-term agreements. Importantly, as I mentioned previously, we continue to see meaningful sequential increases in order intake for our aerospace engine materials, up 30% sequentially. I will also repeat my statement from earlier that our aerospace structural customers are moving off the sidelines and ramping up order placement. This submarket has been lagging compared to others, and the recent placement of their first large orders with us in several quarters is an encouraging sign of strengthening confidence in the aerospace ramp. We are also working closely with our aerospace fastener customers to ensure they get the materials needed as they are projecting big increases for calendar year 2026. Altogether, we are clearly in the midst of an acceleration of aerospace demand. Our sophisticated customers understand the accelerating demand dynamic, and we continue to work with them to ensure they have their orders in place so they are not last in line. Our customers also understand that nickel-based superalloys will be in short supply with only a few qualified producers globally. That leads to the second topic to discuss: nickel-based superalloy industry supply. This could be a difficult topic to understand and quantify, as there are numerous complex nickel-based superalloys that are supplied into aerospace engines and other critical areas of the aircraft such as landing gear, avionics, and structural components. Before I address the supply, it is important to understand the demand projections for nickel-based superalloys within the aerospace supply chain. As we have detailed in our investor event about a year ago, the aerospace industry is targeting build rates of 2,100 plus airplanes—30% higher than the pre-COVID high in calendar year 2019 when the industry was effectively sold out of nickel-based superalloys. However, aerospace OEM demand is not the only area competing for scarce nickel-based superalloys. As the installed fleet of planes continues to grow and age, MRO demand is projected to be at significantly higher levels going forward compared to today. Defense demand is also increasing rapidly, driven by the increased number of platforms and the need for more advanced capabilities, which means higher demand for specialty material solutions. Demand for specialty materials used in space has also been increasing, driven by the growth in commercial satellite launches as the space economy expands. Lastly, power generation demand is increasing substantially, as highlighted in recent news articles, driven by the energy needs of data centers as well as increasing requirements from developing economies. It's important to include power generation demand in this discussion because, in many cases, it competes for time on the same assets used to produce aerospace nickel-based superalloys. Considering these increasing demands from multiple areas, it becomes clear that macro trends support an accelerating explosion of demand for nickel-based superalloys. Now let's address the supply of these alloys. Since the pre-COVID year of 2019, there have been no meaningful increases in overall qualified nickel-based superalloy supply, other than from internal productivity improvements from the current suppliers. Carpenter Technology Corporation has been the only company to formally announce any investment in capacity expansion in this specific area, as we did at our February 2025 investor update. For those who are unfamiliar, we are investing in a brownfield capacity expansion focused on the primary mill, specifically a new vacuum induction melting furnace, which is a critical piece of equipment in the manufacturing process of high-purity specialty alloys. In total, this project plans to add 9,000 additional tons, roughly a 7% increase over our 2019 shipments. While this is meaningful to the financials of Carpenter Technology Corporation, it does not significantly impact the overall industry. Keep in mind, Carpenter Technology Corporation is one of three players in the high-end nickel-based alloy market, and we are only adding a modest 7% additional capacity compared to our 2019 shipment levels. Taking into consideration the projected aerospace OEM builds and expected demand increases for aerospace MRO, defense, space, and power generation applications, our capacity increase may account for only a small single-digit percentage of the total projected supply-demand deficit. Of course, there may be other incremental capacity announcements in the future, but they too will likely be minimal in terms of their impact on closing the projected gap in supply. This type of capacity is specialized, difficult to operate, costly, and takes significant time to build, install, develop, and qualify. It is this persistent supply-demand gap that is driving the current pricing environment, particularly in the nickel-based superalloy market, and we don't anticipate that changing materially. This leads to the third topic: nickel-based superalloy pricing. Similar to the aerospace demand environment topic, I spent a lot of time detailing our pricing and customer contractual arrangements in last quarter's earnings call. Again, all of that commentary still holds true. I will note again that in the quarter, we completed negotiations on three long-term agreements with aerospace customers with significant price increases. It is important to highlight that our customers also benefit greatly as they secure reliable supply of our products, which is highly valuable in this extraordinarily high-demand environment. We believe that pricing actions will continue to be a positive tailwind into the future due to the supply-demand imbalance that exists today and is expected to intensify in the future for nickel-based superalloys. Lastly, we continue to receive questions about our confidence in our earnings guidance. As you have come to understand, our earnings guidance philosophy is structured and well thought out. We believe in establishing challenging targets we have line of sight to achieving with disciplined action plans in place. We have earned the reputation of exceeding our targets. At the start of fiscal year 2026, we projected operating income for the current fiscal year of $660 million to $700 million. Given the supply-demand dynamics I just covered, and the visibility we have for the second half of fiscal year 2026, we are raising our guidance to $680 million to $700 million. This range for fiscal year 2026 represents a 30% to 33% increase over our record fiscal year 2025 earnings. As you recall, we established fiscal year 2027 guidance of $765 million to $800 million almost a year ago in February 2025. At that time, we stated our belief that the targets for fiscal year 2026 and 2027 reflected the highest earnings growth trajectory among our industry peers, and we still believe that to be true. However, let me be clear: as this aerospace market continues to accelerate, our focus is not just on achieving fiscal year 2027 guidance; the focus is on exceeding that target. As we fine-tune our outlook, I would expect to update the fiscal year 2027 guidance in the next few quarters while adding longer-term annual guidance. Now let’s turn to the final slide to summarize this great story. Let me close as I did last quarter by explaining why I believe Carpenter Technology Corporation is a compelling story for existing and potential shareholders. Let's take a look at three major areas that are most important to shareholders. One, we have an enviable market position in the industry. We are in the midst of a significant acceleration in demand, especially in the aerospace and defense end-use market. Accelerating build rates are driving higher demand for our materials, and a fundamental supply-demand imbalance in nickel-based superalloys will tighten even further. Our world-class collection of unique manufacturing assets and related capabilities is difficult, if not impossible, to replicate. Our leading capacity and capabilities are further differentiated by stringent qualifications necessary to supply advanced materials for aerospace, defense, and other key end-use market applications. Two, we have a balanced capital allocation approach. We have a healthy liquidity position and a strong balance sheet, combined with an impressive free cash flow generation outlook. We are focused on returning cash to shareholders via a long-standing dividend and a robust share repurchase plan. Additionally, our strong performance enables us to invest in highly accretive growth projects like our recently announced brownfield expansion that accelerates earnings growth but will not materially impact the nickel-based supply-demand imbalance. And three, we have delivered impressive financial results with a strong earnings outlook. We have just completed another record quarter of profitability, driven by significant margin expansion in our SAO segment. Our increased guidance for fiscal year 2026 implies a 30% to 33% increase over a record fiscal year 2025. We are well on our way to achieving and even surpassing the earnings target for fiscal year 2027. I don’t know of anyone in our industry who can say they have a stronger earnings outlook than Carpenter Technology Corporation. Of course, fiscal year 2027 is not expected to be our peak; we have plans and a vision for further earnings growth beyond 2027. In summary, we believe Carpenter Technology Corporation checks every important shareholder criteria box. We have created significant shareholder value to date, but we are only at the beginning of this growth journey. The best is still to come. As always, we remain focused on supporting our customer needs, operational execution, and living our values as we drive to exceptional near-term and long-term performance. Thank you for your attention. I will now turn the call back to the operator.

Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. If you have dialed in and would like to ask a question, please press 1 on your telephone keypad to raise your hand and join the queue. If you are called upon to ask your question and are listening via speakerphone on your device, please pick up your handset to ensure that your phone is not on mute when asking your question. Again, press 1 to join the queue. Our first question comes from the line of Gautam Khanna with TD Cowen. Your line is open.

Yes, thanks. Good morning, guys. I was wondering, Tony, if you could elaborate on how broad-based you're starting to see the airframe customers participate in ordering. Is this kind of Boeing-specific stuff where you were previously experiencing a bit of a destock post the strike over at Boeing?

Hey. Good morning, Gautam. Hope you're doing well. Yes. I think two really important points that I made in the prepared remarks. I will say at a high level, across all of our aerospace submarkets, whether that be engine, fastener, or structural, we’re seeing increased activity with increasing forward demand. Specifically, in this quarter, the two things that stood out the most were that engine orders continued to increase sequentially by 30%. That's significant. Maybe you could argue even more significant is what our structural customers did in the quarter. As you rightly said, Gautam, the impact of Boeing really put them on the sidelines. Prior to those issues, they had been probably the top submarket in terms of ordering quantity. They had a lot of inventory. To see them now come off the sidelines and, not only place some significant orders, but then immediately come back to us and say there's more coming, and they’re going to be bigger and more urgent is a big positive sign. I would agree with you that at least on the structural side, that was primarily driven by the confidence in Boeing, not just in what they believe they can do, but in what they've actually achieved in this past month.

Okay. That's very helpful. And you mentioned the defense submarket saw a bit of a government shutdown impact. Do you have any visibility from customers in that submarket as to how they expect to put in orders over the next couple of quarters?

Yeah. We've already seen that come back. I mean, quite frankly, they would have liked to have been placing orders during that time but weren't able to do so due to the government shutdown. So you've got some pent-up order demand there. We see that coming back very rapidly.

Okay. And last one for me just on you mentioned the mix in the quarter itself. So the basic message, I think, is that overall pricing saw no reduction. This is purely a mixed dynamic; pricing is still trending, as you've said for the last couple of years, higher for longer. Is that right?

Well, you’re 100% right. If you allow me to speak more about this, this is something that we've talked about a lot. In fact, we signaled this on the last call, where we said based on some of the planned maintenance, we’re going to do testing equipment at the back end that will allow the higher-priced aerospace needs to go through. I think that if there's some belief that a small sequential price decline— which we've said could happen— is somehow a red flag, I couldn't disagree more. Aerospace bookings were up 23%. Aerospace engine bookings were up 30%. We just completed three aerospace engine LTAs at substantial price increases. I can tell you very clearly that we did not discount premium aerospace products in the quarter. There's absolutely no reason to do so. We see pricing actions continuing to be a positive tailwind going forward due to the supply-demand imbalance that exists today and is expected to intensify.

Very much, though. Thank you, Tony.

Thank you, sir.

Our next question comes from the line of Scott Deuschle with Deutsche Bank.

Hey, good morning. Tony, I'm going to take a shot at a question. I'm not sure if you'll be able to answer. But for the aerospace LTAs that have renewed over the last six months, can you say whether the average price increase is more or less than 30%?

Scott, I think you already know the answer to that. I mean, these are substantial price increases going forward. 30% is not substantial.

And these are post-COVID LTAs?

There have been one or two that were signed prior to COVID, but primarily, these are ones that have come due again since that time.

Okay. And 30% is not substantial for this?

I agree with you.

Okay. Tony, just to deliver this strong SAO guide for the third quarter, should we expect volume, price per pound, and EBIT per pound to all move up sequentially?

Yeah. You know, Scott, I would say yes to that. I don't manage at that level of detail. Like, I know I am sitting on a gold mine here. Right? Doing something that very few people in the world can do. So I'm going to supply all of those customers to the best of our ability to maximize profitability. If one quarter my margin goes down a half a percentage point, Scott, that's not an issue. The overall trajectory is going forward. I think we get very hung up on the fact that quarter over quarter, you have some of these small movements, basically because you've got a complex production system that’s making a thousand different types of alloys in any one quarter. I wouldn't get so hung up on slight movements quarter over quarter. I will say year over year, absolutely. You will see increases in price per pound and earnings per pound. There is no doubt. It's impossible for us not to deliver that based on the overall market dynamics going forward. Does that make sense?

Okay. Thank you. Absolutely. And just last question: the medical channel, is there any real sizable revenue left in that channel that you're shipping this past quarter? Or I'm just trying to think, is there still downward pressure potential there? Or is it basically completely bottomed out and near zero?

Well, I can tell you that the good news in January from a booking standpoint is that we saw that specific area come back and have the highest order intake it had in any month in 2025. So that would suggest that I agree that, yes, you're right; it's probably hit the bottom. The big piece here is that's impactful on the PEP segment. As you all know, Scott, you cover us very closely. It's not material to the overall Carpenter, and it doesn't affect what I say about my guidance whatsoever. I want to see that bounce up, and I think when it does here in the next couple of quarters, it'll serve as a tailwind for us to hit my guidance numbers. Thank you.

Thank you.

Next question comes from the line of Joshua Sullivan with Jones Trading. Your line is open.

Hey. Good morning. Tony, you made an interesting comment there. You said jet engine OEMs are asking you if their own supply chains have ordered enough materials to meet projected build rates. What was your answer? You kinda left us on a cliffhanger there. How are those conversations translating to the expectations of their suppliers?

Well, I mean, the answer can vary depending on the customer. I would say that in many cases, our answer to that is no—they're not ordering quickly enough. There needs to be more orders in the system based on the demand that the build rate projections suggest. So I would say, and that’s a positive sentiment to share, there needs to be more orders to hit this build rate projection that's out there. We just talked about specifically on the structural side their hesitation to place orders and their desire to see more evidence of prolonged performance from the airframers, specifically Boeing. You're starting to see that. So now you see them coming off the sidelines and placing more large orders. I've talked about this several times; there is not going to be a gradual increase in orders. You're witnessing it now, and then you'll see a significant hockey stick. That’s how it traditionally happens, and I think the structural customers with the activity they had in this last quarter is one of the leading indicators for that.

Got it. And that dovetails nicely into just the conversation on the long-term agreements you highlighted. What’s your calculus or your mindset on committing to those versus leaving spot capacity open as you've spoken about in the past? I got the golden goose. Just curious on your thoughts there.

Well, I don't have spot pricing. I don’t have a generic alloy sitting on the shelf waiting for the highest bidder to come get. My relationship with my customers is grounded in mutual benefit. You have a lot of volume; I'm going to give you surety of supply. So I'm not here trying to be the riverboat gambler, trying to keep it speculative. I do understand the value of my product, just as my customers do. Entering into an LTA with increasing prices is good for both of us. I’m not sitting on the sidelines waiting for somebody to bid on my products.

No, I was just curious about the long term. And just outside of aerospace, are you seeing more interest in those types of relationships? As you talk about IGT and some of those other markets, are you seeing similar levels of interest?

Absolutely. Primarily on the power generation side. You know that, in many cases, they use the same assets. But we also see some of that on the medical side as well, primarily in the FAO business. There’s times there can be overlap on some of the production assets between those alloys. You see more interest in those specific alloys for medical customers because, in many cases, we’re the sole supplier and have a proprietary alloy there. So, in both non-distribution medical and especially in power generation, we see some of the same dynamics regarding the openness or the willingness to enter into an LTA with us in those areas.

Great. Thank you for the time.

Thank you.

Next question comes from the line of Bennett Moore with JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Good morning, Tony and Tim. Congrats on yet another impressive quarter.

Yep. Thank you.

I wanted to thank you for all the color and commentary on the bookings. But could you also comment on how engine and fastener sales trended during the quarter and year over year? And also what lead times look like for structural products relative to engine alloys?

Yeah. It's a good question. You know, our overall aerospace sales were relatively flat quarter over quarter, basically due to the number of operating days you've written about, as well as the holidays. So, aerospace engine sales were relatively flat, down a couple percent. Engine fasteners were flat, I think up 1%. All of the submarkets inside aerospace were plus or minus one or two. On a sequential basis, certainly on a year-over-year basis, all of them were up quite substantially as you would expect. The second part of your question was on lead times. You're aware that lead times aren't a universal indicator of demand increasing. However, I can say that lead times have extended across all areas within aerospace, and we’ll be pushing right back up to that same level we were at before in a very short order. But we did see some expansion of lead times.

And I guess in the context of your positive commentary around structural customers moving off the sidelines, is it just fair to assume that lead times generally for the structural alloys are shorter than the engine alloys so we could see that benefit sooner?

Yes. I think in general, that is a true statement.

Great. And then real quick, I just wanted to ask regarding the additive business. You showed strong growth during the quarter. Is this lumpy or are you seeing improved adoption in this space? And can you remind us how the margin profile compares for these products? Is this a space Carpenter would look to grow into in the future?

Yeah. I think the second part of your question is the right way to look at it. We see it as something that could be a tailwind for us in the future. We've been involved in the additive business for quite some time. This is a higher adoption rate, and we’re seeing some increased activity with some very large customers that utilize our proprietary alloy in that space. So it's still relatively small in the whole scheme of things, Bennett. But, yes, I think it's something we want to maintain involvement in. I’m very happy with the performance of additive over the last couple of quarters, even if it’s relatively small from an earnings standpoint.

Great. Tony, team, thank you for all the comments. Best of luck.

Thank you, sir.

Next question comes from the line of Andre Madrid with BTIG. Your line is open.

Hey. Good morning.

Good morning, sir.

As we look at the LTAs signed in the quarter, are any of these first-time customers on an LTA basis? And how should we expect the mix of LTAs to trend in the quarters and years to come?

Well, there’s not a trend; they’re all at different times. It seems like we’re always working on some type of LTA. To take it to the first part of your question, these were long-term customers, not new ones.

Got it. And we've been hearing a lot of chatter from recent conversations with customers about potentially exploring capacity expansion they could help fund. Is that something you guys would ever look into?

Maybe if something became more than just chatter that I could comment on. We've already made our position known; we've invested in capacity expansion in a very professional manner. We've stated exactly what the pounds will be, when they will come online, exactly what the equipment will be, and what the impact will be not only on Carpenter Technology Corporation's financials but on the overall supply-demand dynamic. We’ve been very clear and professional about what that would be, and we're able and willing to fund that ourselves.

Got it. That’s clear. And if I could sneak one more in, can you break down where the orders are coming from? I mean, jet engine versus airframe, OEM versus MRO? Is there a split you can provide?

Well, I mean, orders are up across the board. I give you a couple of examples. Engines were up 30%. That's significant. We have seen order intake increasing across all of the submarkets. The one I called out was from a sales standpoint. You saw a bit of a dip in defense sales, but now orders are picking back up again. So we have order intake increase across all markets. Again, Andre, that shouldn't surprise you. Look at what Boeing, Airbus, and MRO are doing—it’s increasing significantly. Of course, orders will have to increase as well.

Yeah, I agree completely. I appreciate the color, Tony. I'll hop back in. Thanks.

Thank you, sir.

And our next question comes from the line of Philip Gibbs with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Hey, good morning.

Hey, Phil. Good morning.

Tim, can you give us a review of the CapEx this year again in terms of how much you expect to spend overall and how much of that is going to fiscal twenty-seven for the new project and how much carries over into that?

Yeah, Phil. I'll break that into pieces, and you can follow up if you want. The full year guidance for total CapEx was $300 million to $315 million. That includes the $175 million to $185 million for the brownfield capacity expansion. I also said that we spent a little over $80 million through the first half. We expect brownfield capacity expansion spending to increase pretty rapidly in the second half as activity ramps up. There's a fair amount of assumptions there. It's a big capital project, and the timing of those expenditures may vary depending on progress payments, when the equipment gets delivered, and payment terms. We'll provide an update in the next quarter, but the guidance out there still holds true for now and that's incorporated into our free cash flow guidance.

Thank you. And Tony, have any of the LTAs that you signed been with PowerGen manufacturers at all?

The three that I mentioned on the call were all aerospace.

But none of the prior five, for example, that you mentioned last quarter? Traditionally, that's not been an area that was LTAs for us, but it’s an area I think it was to Josh's question earlier. It's now being explored as the customers in that submarket would like to enter into an LTA, and that could be something we'd also be interested in. Traditionally, that hasn’t been our approach due to the sheer size, which has been relatively small compared to the rest of the business. It's becoming obviously much bigger now. And lastly, it’s a small business relative to SAO and PEP, but what surprised you relative to the outcome? I know you expected to do better, and you usually have good visibility within a given quarter.

You're speaking specifically of that sub-market in medical, right?

Yes.

I think that's a fair question. We do usually have good visibility. This one in medical distribution, quite frankly, has been a little elusive for us to get a handle on. But a good point is that the order intake for that specific sub-market was the highest in January it had been in any month in 2025. So, Phil, I'm hoping that that’s hit the bottom for the PEP segment. Again, it doesn’t impact our overall guidance, but it’s important to forecast PEP performance as best as we can. A little bit of caution and a wait-and-see approach to see if we can get better insights.

Thank you so much.

Yeah. Thanks, Phil.

That concludes the question and answer session. I would like to turn the call back over to John Huyette for closing remarks.

Thank you, operator, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today for our fiscal year 2026 second quarter conference call. Have a great rest of your day.

Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes today's call. Thank you all for joining in. You may now disconnect.