SO 8-K
Southern Co (SO)
8-K
2026-03-19
For: 2026-03-16
View Original
Added on
April 07, 2026
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
| Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) | ||||||||
| Commission File Number | Registrant, State of Incorporation, Address and Telephone Number | I.R.S. Employer Identification No. | ||||||||||||||||||
(A Delaware Corporation)
(404 ) 506-5000
The name and address of the registrant have not changed since the last report.
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
| Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) | |||||
| Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) | |||||
| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) | |||||
| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) | |||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Registrant | Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
| The Southern Company | |||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
| Item 8.01. | Other Events. | ||||
On March 16, 2026, The Southern Company (the “Company”) entered into an Underwriting Agreement with Citigroup Global Markets Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Mizuho Securities USA LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc., as representatives of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”), covering the issue and sale of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes”). The Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes were registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to the shelf registration statement (Registration No. 333-277138) of the Company.
| Item 9.01. | Financial Statements and Exhibits. | ||||
| (d) Exhibits. | |||||
| 1.3 | Underwriting Agreement relating to the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes, dated March 16, 2026, among the Company and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Mizuho Securities USA LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc., as representatives of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto. | ||||
| 4.4 | |||||
| 4.8 | Form of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Note (included in Exhibit 4.4 above). | ||||
| 5.1 | |||||
| 8.1 | |||||
| 23.1 | Consent of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1 above). | ||||
| 23.2 | Consent of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1 above). | ||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page iXBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. | ||||
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| Date: March 19, 2026 | THE SOUTHERN COMPANY | |||||||
| By | /s/Melissa K. Caen | |||||||
| Melissa K. Caen Assistant Secretary | ||||||||
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Exhibit 1.3
$1,300,000,000
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
March 16, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The Southern Company, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), confirms its agreement (the “Agreement”) with you and each of the other Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (collectively, the “Underwriters,” which term shall also include any underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 11 hereof) for whom you are acting as representatives (in such capacity you shall hereinafter be referred to as the “Representatives”), with respect to the sale by the Company and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”) as set forth in Schedule I hereto.
The Company understands that the Underwriters propose to make a public offering of the Notes as soon as the Representatives deem advisable after this Agreement has been executed and delivered. The Notes will be issued pursuant to the Subordinated Note
Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2015 (the “Base Indenture”), by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee (the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as to be further supplemented by a seventeenth supplemental indenture, dated as of March 19, 2026, to the Base Indenture relating to the Notes (the “Supplemental Indenture” and, together with the Base Indenture and any other amendments or supplements thereto, the “Indenture”), between the Company and the Trustee.
SECTION 1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters as follows:
(a) A registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277138) in respect of the Notes and certain other securities has been prepared and filed in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”); such registration statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, each in the form heretofore delivered or to be delivered to the Underwriters, became effective upon filing with the Commission in such form (except that copies of the registration statement and any post-effective amendment delivered to the Underwriters need not include exhibits but shall include all documents incorporated by reference therein); and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statement has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the 1933 Act against the Company or related to the offering has been initiated or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission (any preliminary prospectus, as supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement, included in such registration statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act, being hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus”); such registration statement as used with respect to the Notes, including the information deemed a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(1) under the 1933 Act on the date of such registration statement’s effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the 1933 Act, as such Section applies to the Company and the Underwriters for the Notes pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) under the 1933 Act (the “Effective Date”), including the exhibits thereto and all documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 at the Effective Date, being hereinafter called the “Registration Statement”; the base prospectus relating to the Notes and certain other securities of the Company, in the form in which it has most recently been filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement relating to the Notes, being hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; the Base Prospectus as amended and supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 relating to the Notes which has been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act, as it may be further amended and supplemented immediately prior to the Applicable Time (as hereinafter defined), is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus”; the Base Prospectus as amended or supplemented in final form, including by a prospectus supplement relating to the Notes in the form in which it is filed with the Commission, pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act in accordance with Section 4(e) hereof is hereinafter called the “Final Supplemented Prospectus”; any reference herein to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, as of the date of such Preliminary Prospectus, Base Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus or Final Supplemented Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference to any amendment or supplement to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus
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shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after the date of such Preliminary Prospectus, Base Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus or Final Supplemented Prospectus, as the case may be, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and incorporated by reference in such Preliminary Prospectus, Base Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus or Final Supplemented Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference to any amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to refer to and include any annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 1934 Act after the effective date of the Registration Statement that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.
For purposes of this Agreement, the “Applicable Time” is 4:10 P.M. (New York time) on the date of this Agreement; the documents listed in Schedule II, taken together and attached hereto, are collectively referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.”
(b) The documents incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Pricing Prospectus, when they were filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and, as of such time of filing, when read together with the Pricing Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (as defined in Section 3(a) hereof), none of such documents contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Final Supplemented Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will comply in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and, when read together with the Final Supplemented Prospectus as it otherwise may be amended or supplemented, will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the Company makes no warranty or representation to the Underwriters with respect to: (A) any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Pricing Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus; or (B) any information set forth in the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus under the captions “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Book-Entry Only Issuance ─ The Depository Trust Company” and “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures.”
(c) The Registration Statement and the Final Supplemented Prospectus comply, and any further amendments or supplements thereto, when any such amendments become effective or supplements are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will comply, in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1939 Act (as hereinafter defined) and the General Rules and Regulations of the Commission thereunder and the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus do not and will not, (i) as of the Effective Date as to the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, (ii) as of the Applicable Time as to the Pricing Disclosure Package and (iii) as of the date of the Final Supplemented Prospectus as to the Final Supplemented Prospectus or as of the date when any supplement is filed as to the Final Supplemented Prospectus as further
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supplemented or as of the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined) as to the Final Supplemented Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus as it may be further supplemented as provided above, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the case of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, and, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading in the case of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus as further supplemented; except that the Company makes no warranties or representations with respect to (A) that part of the Registration Statement which shall constitute the Statement of Eligibility (Form T-1) under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “1939 Act”), (B) any statements or omissions made in a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein or (C) any information set forth in the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus under the captions “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Book-Entry Only Issuance ─ The Depository Trust Company” and “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures.”
(d) Each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus listed on Schedule II hereto does not include anything that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus and each such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the Pricing Disclosure Package as of the Applicable Time, did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the Company makes no warranty or representation to the Underwriters with respect to any statement or omissions made in a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.
(e) With respect to the Registration Statement, (i) the Registration Statement is an “automatic shelf registration statement” (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act), (ii) the Company has not received from the Commission any notice pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) of the 1933 Act objecting to the use of the automatic shelf registration statement and (iii) the conditions for use of Form S-3, as set forth in the General Instructions thereof, have been satisfied.
(f) (A) At the time of filing of the Registration Statement, (B) at the time of the most recent amendment to the Registration Statement for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act or form of prospectus) and (C) at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c) under the 1933 Act) made any offer relating to the Notes in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163 under the 1933 Act, the Company was a “well-known seasoned issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act).
(g) At the determination date for purposes of the Notes within the meaning of Rule 164(h) under the 1933 Act, the Company was not an “ineligible issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act.
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(h) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, there has been no material adverse change in the business, properties or financial condition of the Company, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business.
(i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware and has due corporate authority to conduct the business in which it is engaged and to own and operate the properties used by it in such business, to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Indenture and to issue and sell the Notes to the Underwriters.
(j) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
(k) The Indenture has been duly authorized by the Company and, on the Closing Date, will have been duly executed and delivered by the Company, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture by the Trustee, the Indenture will, on the Closing Date, constitute a valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that enforcement thereof may be limited by (1) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, liquidation, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally or (2) general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity) (the “Enforceability Exceptions”); the Indenture will conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus; and, on the Closing Date, the Indenture will have been duly qualified under the 1939 Act.
(l) The issuance and delivery of the Notes have been duly authorized by the Company and, on the Closing Date, the Notes will have been duly executed by the Company and, when authenticated in the manner provided for in the Indenture and delivered against payment therefor as described in this Agreement, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except to the extent that enforcement thereof may be limited by the Enforceability Exceptions, will be in the form contemplated by, and entitled to the benefits of, the Indenture and will conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus.
(m) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Notes and the application of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, will not be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(n) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the Indenture and the Notes and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated herein and therein and compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder and thereunder shall have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of
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the Company and do not and will not result in any violation of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, and do not and will not conflict with, or result in a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company under (A) any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of its properties may be subject (except for conflicts, breaches or defaults which would not, individually or in the aggregate, be materially adverse to the Company or materially adverse to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), or (B) any existing applicable law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any government, governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, or any regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties.
(o) No authorization, approval, consent or order of any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company of the Notes or the transactions by the Company contemplated in this Agreement, except (A) such as may be required under the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder, (B) the qualification of the Indenture under the 1939 Act and (C) such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or “blue sky” laws.
(p) The financial statements of the Company incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of and for the dates indicated; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis (except that the unaudited financial statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus may be subject to normal year-end adjustments) throughout the periods involved and necessarily include amounts that are based on the best estimates and judgments of management. The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited and unaudited financial statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.
(q) Neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or subsidiary of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person that, at the time of such financings, is subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
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SECTION 2. SALE AND DELIVERY TO THE UNDERWRITERS; CLOSING; SELLING RESTRICTIONS.
(a) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company, the respective principal amount of the Notes set forth in Schedule I to this Agreement opposite the name of such Underwriter (plus any additional amount of Notes that such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 11 hereof) at a price equal to 99.00% of the principal amount of the Notes thereof.
(b) Payment of the purchase price and delivery of the certificate(s) for the Notes shall be made at the offices of Southern Company Services, Inc., 30 Ivan Allen Jr. Blvd., NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30308 at 10:00 A.M., New York time, on March 19, 2026 (unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 hereof) or such other time, place or date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called the “Closing Date”). Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer in federal funds at the Closing Date against delivery of the Notes to J.P. Morgan Securities LLC on behalf of all of the Underwriters. It is understood that each Underwriter has authorized J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, for each Underwriter’s account, to accept delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of, the principal amount of the Notes which each Underwriter has agreed to purchase. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, individually and not as a representative of the Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment of the principal amount of the Notes to be purchased by any Underwriter whose payment has not been received by the Closing Date, but such payment shall not relieve such Underwriter from its obligations hereunder.
The delivery of the Notes shall be made in fully registered form, registered in the name of CEDE & CO., to the offices of The Depository Trust Company in New York, New York or its designee, and the Representatives shall accept such delivery.
The certificate(s) for the Notes will be made available for examination by the Representatives not later than 12:00 Noon, New York time, on the last business day prior to the Closing Date.
(c) (i) Each Underwriter will not offer, sell or deliver any of the Notes, directly or indirectly, or distribute the Pricing Prospectus, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or any other offering material relating to the Notes, in or from any jurisdiction except under circumstances that will, to the best of such Underwriter’s knowledge and belief, result in compliance with the applicable laws and regulations and which will not impose any obligations on the Company except as set forth in this Agreement.
(ii) Each Underwriter will sell the Notes in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations.
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(iii) In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area (“EEA”), each Underwriter has not offered, sold or otherwise made available and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available to any retail investor in the EEA, the Notes.
For the purposes of paragraph (iii), a retail investor means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU (as amended, “MiFID II”); or (ii) a customer within the meaning of Directive (EU) 2016/97, as amended, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or (iii) not a qualified investor as defined in Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (as amended).
(iv) In relation to the United Kingdom (“UK”), each Underwriter has not offered, sold or otherwise made available and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available to any retail investor in the UK any of the Notes.
For the purposes of paragraph (iv), a “retail investor” means a person who is neither: (i) a professional client as defined in point (8) of Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No. 600/2014 as it forms part of domestic law in the UK; or (ii) a qualified investor as defined in paragraph 15 of Schedule I to the Public Offer and Admissions and Trading Regulations 2024 (as it may be amended from time to time).
Each Underwriter has represented, warranted and agreed that: (A) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (the “FSMA”)) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the Notes in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the Company; and (B) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the Notes in, from or otherwise involving the UK.
(v) Each Underwriter will not offer or sell any Notes, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to, or for the account or benefit of, others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (Law No. 25 of 1948, as amended) and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan in effect at the relevant time.
(vi) Each Underwriter represents and agrees that the Notes may not be offered, sold or delivered, directly or indirectly, in the Republic of Korea or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of the Republic of Korea (as defined in the Foreign Exchange Transactions Law of the Republic of Korea and its Enforcement Decree) or to others for re-offering or resale, except as otherwise permitted by applicable Korean laws and regulations.
(vii) Each Underwriter agrees that, in connection with the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus and any other
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document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Notes, the Notes may not be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act, 2001 of Singapore, as modified or amended from time to time (the “SFA”), pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA, and (where applicable) Regulation 3 of the Securities and Futures (Classes of Investors) Regulations 2018 of Singapore, or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
(viii) Each Underwriter will not publicly distribute or otherwise make publicly available in Switzerland the Preliminary Prospectus, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or any other offering or marketing material relating to the Notes.
(ix) Each Underwriter has not registered and will not register the Notes with the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan, the Republic of China (“Taiwan”) pursuant to relevant securities laws and regulations. Each Underwriter represents and agrees that (A) the Notes may not be sold, issued or offered within Taiwan through a public offering or in circumstances which constitutes an offer within the meaning of the Securities and Exchange Act of Taiwan or relevant laws and regulations that requires a registration, filing or approval of the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan and (B) no person or entity in Taiwan has been authorized to offer, sell, give advice regarding or otherwise intermediate the offering and sale of the Notes in Taiwan.
(x) Each Underwriter has not publicly offered, sold, promoted or advertised the Notes, and will not publicly offer, sell, promote or advertise the Notes, in the United Arab Emirates (the “UAE”) (including the Dubai International Financial Centre) other than in compliance with the laws of the UAE (and the Dubai International Financial Centre) governing the issue, offering and sale of securities.
SECTION 3. FREE WRITING PROSPECTUSES.
(a) The Company represents and agrees that, without the prior consent of the Representatives, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Notes that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, represents and agrees that, without the prior consent of the Company and the Representatives, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Notes that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or a free writing prospectus that is not required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433 under the 1933 Act or one or more free writing prospectuses through customary Bloomberg distribution that do not contain substantive changes from or additions to the information contained in the free writing prospectus, dated the date hereof, filed pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act relating to the Notes (the “Pricing Term Sheet”); any such free writing prospectus (which shall include the Pricing Term Sheet), the use of which has been
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consented to by the Company and the Representatives, is listed on Schedule II hereto and herein called a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.”
(b) The Company agrees to prepare the Pricing Term Sheet, which shall be previously approved by the Representatives, and to file the Pricing Term Sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act within the time period prescribed by such Rule.
(c) The Company and the Underwriters have complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 under the 1933 Act applicable to any free writing prospectus, including timely Commission filing where required and legending.
(d) The Company agrees that if at any time following issuance of a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus any event occurred or occurs as a result of which such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus would conflict with the information in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus or include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances then prevailing, not misleading, the Company will give prompt notice thereof to the Representatives and, if requested by the Representatives, will prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter a free writing prospectus or other document, the use of which has been consented to by the Representatives, which will correct such conflict, statement or omission; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions in a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.
(e) The Company agrees that if there occurs an event or development as a result of which the Pricing Disclosure Package would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances then prevailing, not misleading, the Company will notify the Representatives so that any use of the Pricing Disclosure Package may cease until it is amended or supplemented.
SECTION 4. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. The Company covenants with the Underwriters as follows:
(a) The Company, on or prior to the Closing Date, will deliver to the Underwriters conformed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of all amendments thereto, heretofore or hereafter made, including any post-effective amendment (in each case including all exhibits filed therewith, and including unsigned copies of each consent and certificate included therein or filed as an exhibit thereto, except exhibits incorporated by reference, unless specifically requested). As soon as the Company is advised thereof, it will advise the Representatives orally of the issuance of any stop order under the 1933 Act with respect to the Registration Statement, or the institution of any proceedings for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the 1933 Act against the Company or related to the offering, of which the Company shall have received notice, and will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order and to secure the prompt removal thereof, if issued. The Company will deliver to the Representatives sufficient conformed copies of the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus and of all
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supplements and amendments thereto (in each case without exhibits) for distribution to the Underwriters and, from time to time, as many copies of the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus as the Underwriters may reasonably request for the purposes contemplated by the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act.
(b) The Company will furnish the Underwriters with written or electronic copies of each amendment and supplement to the Final Supplemented Prospectus relating to the offering of the Notes in such quantities as the Underwriters may from time to time reasonably request. If, during the period (not exceeding nine months) when the delivery of a prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) shall be required by law in connection with the sale of any Notes by an Underwriter, any event relating to or affecting the Company, or of which the Company shall be advised in writing by the Representatives, shall occur, which in the opinion of the Company or of Underwriters’ counsel should be set forth in a supplement to or an amendment of the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as the case may be, in order to make the Final Supplemented Prospectus not misleading in light of the circumstances when it (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is delivered, or if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such period to amend or supplement the Final Supplemented Prospectus or to file under the 1934 Act any document incorporated by reference in the Final Supplemented Prospectus in order to comply with the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, the Company forthwith will (i) notify the Underwriters to suspend solicitation of purchases of the Notes and (ii) at its expense, make any such filing or prepare and furnish to the Underwriters a reasonable number of copies of a supplement or supplements or an amendment or amendments to the Final Supplemented Prospectus which will supplement or amend the Final Supplemented Prospectus so that, as supplemented or amended, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances when the Final Supplemented Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is delivered, not misleading or which will effect any other necessary compliance. In case any Underwriter is required to deliver a prospectus in connection with the sale of any Notes after the expiration of the period specified in the preceding sentence, the Company, upon the request of such Underwriter, will furnish to such Underwriter, at the expense of such Underwriter, a reasonable quantity of a supplemented or amended prospectus, or supplements or amendments to the Final Supplemented Prospectus, complying with Section 10(a) of the 1933 Act. During the period specified in the second sentence of this subsection, the Company will continue to prepare and file with the Commission on a timely basis all documents or amendments required under the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; provided, that the Company shall not file such documents or amendments without also furnishing copies thereof prior to such filing to the Representatives and Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP.
(c) The Company will endeavor, in cooperation with the Underwriters, to qualify the Notes for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and the other jurisdictions of the United States as the Representatives may designate; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to qualify as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to file a consent to service of process or to file annual reports or to comply with any other requirements in connection with such qualification deemed by the Company to be unduly burdensome.
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(d) The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable but not later than 45 days after the close of the period covered thereby, an earnings statement of the Company (in form complying with the provisions of Rule 158 of the rules and regulations under the 1933 Act) covering a twelve-month period beginning not later than the first day of the Company’s fiscal quarter next following the “effective date” (as defined in Rule 158) of the Registration Statement.
(e) As soon as practicable after the date of this Agreement, and in any event within the time prescribed by Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, the Company will file the Final Supplemented Prospectus, in a form approved by the Representatives, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, with the Commission and will advise the Representatives of such filing and will confirm such advice in writing. Furthermore, the Company will make any other required filings pursuant to Rule 433(d)(1) under the 1933 Act within the time required by such Rule.
(f) During a period of 15 days from the date of this Agreement, the Company will not, without the Representatives’ prior written consent, directly or indirectly, sell, offer to sell, grant any option for the sale of, or otherwise dispose of, any Notes, any security convertible into, exchangeable into or exercisable for the Notes or any debt securities substantially similar to the Notes (except for the Notes issued pursuant to this Agreement). The Representatives agree that (i) commercial paper or other debt securities with scheduled maturities of less than one year, (ii) any Senior Indebtedness (as defined in the Indenture) and (iii) issuances of securities denominated in any currency other than US dollars are not subject to this Section 4(f).
(g) If at any time when Notes remain unsold by the Underwriters, the Company receives from the Commission a notice pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the 1933 Act or otherwise ceases to be eligible to use the automatic shelf registration statement form, the Company will (i) promptly notify the Representatives, (ii) promptly file a new registration statement or post-effective amendment on the proper form relating to the Notes, in a form satisfactory to the Representatives, (iii) use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement or post-effective amendment to be declared effective and (iv) promptly notify the Representatives of such effectiveness. The Company will take all other reasonable action necessary or appropriate to permit the public offering and sale of the Notes to continue as contemplated in the registration statement that was the subject of the Rule 401(g)(2) notice or for which the Company has otherwise become ineligible. References herein to the Registration Statement shall include such new registration statement or post-effective amendment, as the case may be.
SECTION 5. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. The Company will pay all expenses incidental to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including but not limited to, the expenses of (i) the printing and filing of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificate(s) for the Notes, (iii) the fees and disbursements of the Company’s counsel and accountants, (iv) the qualification of the Notes under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 4(c) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, in connection therewith and in connection with the preparation of any blue sky survey (such fees and disbursements of counsel shall not exceed
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$3,500), (v) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto and of the Pricing Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Final Supplemented Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vi) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of any blue sky survey, (vii) the fee of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. in connection with its review of the offering contemplated by this Agreement, if applicable, (viii) the fees and expenses of the Trustee, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Trustee in connection with the Indenture and the Notes, (ix) any fees payable in connection with the rating of the Notes, (x) the cost and charges of any transfer agent or registrar and (xi) the cost of qualifying the Notes with The Depository Trust Company.
Except as otherwise provided in Section 10 hereof, the Underwriters shall pay all other expenses incurred by them in connection with their offering of the Notes including fees and disbursements of their counsel, Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP.
SECTION 6. CONDITIONS OF UNDERWRITERS’ OBLIGATIONS. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Notes are subject to the following conditions:
(a) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect on the Closing Date and no proceedings for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the 1933 Act against the Company or related to the offering shall be pending before, or to the knowledge of the Company threatened by, the Commission on such date. If filing of the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus, or any supplement thereto, is required pursuant to Rule 424, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, and any such supplement, as applicable, shall have been filed in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424. The pricing term sheet contemplated by Section 3(b) hereof, and any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act, shall have been filed by the Company with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433.
(b) On the Closing Date, the Representatives shall have received:
(1) The opinion and related disclosure letter, each dated the Closing Date, of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP, counsel for the Company, substantially in the forms attached hereto as Schedule III.
(2) The opinion, dated the Closing Date, of Emmet, Marvin & Martin, LLP, counsel to the Trustee, substantially in the form attached hereto as Schedule IV.
(3) The opinion and related disclosure letter, each dated the Closing Date, of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, substantially in the forms attached hereto as Schedule V.
(c) At the Closing Date, there shall not have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, any material adverse change in the business, properties or financial
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condition of the Company, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the Representatives shall have received a certificate of the President, any Vice President or Treasurer of the Company, and dated as of the Closing Date, to the effect that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 1 hereof are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of the Closing Date, (iii) the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied on or prior to the Closing Date, (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the 1933 Act against the Company or related to the offering have been initiated or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission and (v) no “Tax Event”, “Rating Agency Event” or “Tax Credit Event” (as those terms are defined in the Indenture) shall have occurred and be continuing.
(d) The Representatives shall have received on the date hereof and shall receive on the Closing Date from Deloitte & Touche LLP, a letter or letters addressed to the Representatives (which may refer to letters previously delivered to the Representatives) dated the respective dates of delivery thereof to the effect that: (A) they are an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations under the 1933 Act; (B) in their opinion, the financial statements audited by them and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations under the 1934 Act; and (C) on the basis of certain limited procedures performed through a specified date not more than three business days prior to the date of such letter, namely (i) reading the minute books of the Company; (ii) performing the procedures specified by the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) for a review of interim financial statement information as described in PCAOB AS 4105, “Reviews of Interim Financial Information,” on the unaudited financial statements, if any, of the Company incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, and on the latest available unaudited financial statements of the Company, if any, for any calendar quarter subsequent to the date of those incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable; and (iii) making inquiries of certain officials of the Company who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters regarding such unaudited financial statements or any specified unaudited amounts derived therefrom (it being understood that the foregoing procedures do not constitute an audit performed in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and they would not necessarily reveal matters of significance with respect to the comments made in such letter, and accordingly that Deloitte & Touche LLP make no representations as to the sufficiency of such procedures for the Underwriters’ purposes), nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe that: (1) any material modifications should be made to the unaudited condensed financial statements, if any, incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, for them to be in conformity with GAAP; (2) such unaudited condensed financial statements do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the 1934 Act as it applies to
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Form 10-Q and the related published rules and regulations thereunder; (3) the audited or unaudited amounts for Operating Revenues and Consolidated Net Income Attributable to Southern Company set forth in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, do not agree with the amounts set forth in or derived from the audited or unaudited financial statements for the same period included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement; (4) as of a specified date not more than three business days prior to the date of delivery of such letter, there has been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any decrease in net assets as compared with amounts shown in the latest audited or unaudited balance sheet incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, except in each case for changes or decreases which (i) the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable, disclose have occurred or may occur, (ii) are occasioned by the declaration of dividends, (iii) are occasioned by draw-downs under existing pollution control financing arrangements, (iv) are occasioned by regularly scheduled payments of capitalized lease obligations, (v) are occasioned by the purchase or redemption of bonds or stock to satisfy mandatory or optional redemption provisions relating thereto, (vi) are occasioned by the reclassification of current maturities of long-term debt, (vii) are occasioned by the amortization of debt issuance costs or (viii) are disclosed in such letter; and (5) the unaudited amounts for Operating Revenues and Consolidated Net Income Attributable to Southern Company for any calendar quarter subsequent to those set forth in (3) above, which, if available, shall be set forth in such letter, do not agree with the amounts set forth in or derived from the unaudited financial statements for the same period or were not determined on a basis substantially consistent with that of the corresponding audited amounts included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus or the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as applicable.
(e) On the Closing Date, Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as it may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling it to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Notes as herein contemplated and related proceedings, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Notes as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, counsel for the Underwriters.
(f) No amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Final Supplemented Prospectus filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement (including any filing made by the Company pursuant to Section 13 or 14 of the 1934 Act) shall be unsatisfactory in form to Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP or shall contain information (other than with respect to an amendment or supplement relating solely to the activity of any Underwriter) which, in the reasonable judgment of the Representatives, shall materially impair the marketability of the Notes.
(g) The Company shall have performed its obligations when and as provided under this Agreement.
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If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representatives by notice to the Company at any time prior to the Closing Date, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Sections 5, 8 and 10(b) hereof.
SECTION 7. CONDITIONS OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY.
The obligations of the Company shall be subject to the following conditions:
(a) The conditions as set forth in the first sentence of Section 6(a) hereof.
(b) No “Tax Event” (as defined in the Indenture) shall have occurred and be continuing on the Closing Date.
(c) No “Rating Agency Event” (as defined in the Indenture) shall have occurred and be continuing on the Closing Date.
(d) No “Tax Credit Event” (as defined in the Indenture) shall have occurred and be continuing on the Closing Date.
In case such conditions shall not have been fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Company by mailing or delivering written notice thereof to the Representatives. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as otherwise provided in Sections 5, 8 and 10(b) hereof.
SECTION 8. INDEMNIFICATION.
(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each of the Underwriters and each person, if any, who controls any such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20(a) of the 1934 Act, against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, and to reimburse any such Underwriter and such controlling person or persons, if any, for any legal or other expenses incurred by them in connection with defending any actions, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus or, if the Company shall furnish to the Underwriters any amendments or any supplements thereto, or shall make any filings pursuant to Section 13 or 14 of the 1934 Act which are incorporated therein by reference, in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus as so amended or supplemented or in any free writing prospectus used by the Company other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or arise out of or are based upon any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out of or are based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission which was made in such Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, Base Prospectus, Pricing Prospectus, Permitted
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Free Writing Prospectus or Final Supplemented Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives for use therein. Each Underwriter agrees, within ten days after the receipt by it of notice of the commencement of any action in respect of which indemnity may be sought by it, or by any person controlling it, from the Company on account of its agreement contained in this Section 8, to notify the Company in writing of the commencement thereof but the omission of such Underwriter so to notify the Company of any such action shall not release the Company from any liability which it may have to such Underwriter or to such controlling person otherwise than on account of the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 8. In case any such action shall be brought against an Underwriter or any such person controlling such Underwriter and such Underwriter shall notify the Company of the commencement thereof as above provided, the Company shall be entitled to participate in (and, to the extent that it shall wish, including the selection of counsel, to direct) the defense thereof, at its own expense. In case the Company elects to direct such defense and select such counsel, any Underwriter or controlling person shall have the right to employ its own counsel, but, in any such case, the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Underwriter or such controlling person unless the employment of such counsel has been authorized in writing by the Company in connection with defending such action. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include any statement as to, or an admission of, fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party. In no event shall any indemnifying party have any liability or responsibility in respect of the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim effected without its prior written consent.
(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors and such of its officers who have signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20(a) of the 1934 Act to the same extent and upon the same terms as the indemnity agreement of the Company set forth in Section 8(a) hereof, but only with respect to alleged untrue statements or omissions made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Base Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus, or such documents as amended or supplemented, in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives for use therein.
SECTION 9. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND AGREEMENTS TO SURVIVE DELIVERY. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement, or contained in certificates of officers of the Company submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or controlling person, or by, or on behalf of the Company and shall survive delivery of the Notes to the Underwriters.
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SECTION 10. TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT.
(a) The Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to the Closing Date if (i) trading in securities on the New York Stock Exchange shall have been generally suspended or there shall have been a material disruption in settlement in securities generally, (ii) minimum or maximum ranges for prices shall have been generally established on the New York Stock Exchange by the Commission or by the New York Stock Exchange, (iii) a general banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or New York State authorities, or (iv) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of major hostilities in which the United States is involved, any declaration of war by the United States Congress or any other substantial national or international calamity, crisis or emergency (including, without limitation, acts of terrorism) affecting the United States, in any such case provided for in clauses (i) through (iv) with the result that, in the reasonable judgment of the Representatives, the offering, sale or delivery of the Notes on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement and the Final Supplemented Prospectus shall have been materially impaired.
(b) If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Representatives pursuant to subsection (a) above or because of any failure or refusal on the part of the Company to comply with the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, or if for any reason the Company shall be unable to perform its obligations under this Agreement, then in any such case, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters for the reasonable fees and disbursements of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP and for the out of pocket expenses (in an amount not exceeding $10,000) reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in making preparations for the purchase, sale and delivery of the Notes and, upon such reimbursement, the Company shall be absolved from any further liability hereunder, except as provided in Sections 5 and 8 hereof.
SECTION 11. DEFAULT BY AN UNDERWRITER. If an Underwriter shall fail on the Closing Date to purchase the Notes that it is obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the “Defaulted Securities”), the Representatives shall have the right, within 24 hours thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the terms herein set forth. If, however, the Representatives shall not have completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then:
(a) if the principal amount of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10% of the Notes, each of the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated, severally and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the proportions that their respective underwriting obligations hereunder bear to the underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting Underwriters, or
(b) if the principal amount of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the Notes, this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter.
No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of its default.
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In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination of this Agreement, either the Representatives or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Date for a period not exceeding seven days in order to effect any required changes in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Supplemented Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements.
SECTION 12. NOTICES. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Underwriters shall be directed to the Representatives at Citigroup Global Markets Inc., 388 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10013, Attention: General Counsel, Fax No.: (646) 291-1469; J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, 270 Park Ave, New York, New York 10017 Attention: Investment Grade Syndicate Desk, Fax No.: (212) 834-6081; Mizuho Securities USA LLC, 1271 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10020, Attention: Debt Capital Markets, Fax No.: (212) 205-7812; Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, Attention: Investment Banking Division, Fax No.: (212) 507-8999 and U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc., 214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202, Attention: Investment Grade Syndicate, Fax No.: (877) 774-3462; notices to the Company shall be mailed to 30 Ivan Allen Jr. Boulevard, N.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30308, Attention: Corporate Secretary, with a copy to Southern Company Services, Inc., 30 Ivan Allen Jr. Boulevard, N.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30308, Attention: J. Seth Blocker.
SECTION 13. PARTIES. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Company and their respective successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in Section 8 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers and directors and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Notes from any of the Underwriters shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase. The Company acknowledges and agrees that in connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated by this Agreement, the Company and the Underwriters have arms-length business relationships that create no fiduciary duty on the part of any party and each expressly disclaims any fiduciary or financial advisory relationship.
SECTION 14. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed in said State. Except as otherwise set forth herein, specified times of day refer to New York time.
SECTION 15. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts by manual, facsimile or electronic signature, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such respective counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. The words “execution,” “signed,” “delivery,” and words of like import in or relating to this Agreement or any document to be
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signed in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to include electronic signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, and the parties hereto consent to conduct the transactions contemplated hereunder by electronic means.
SECTION 16. RECOGNITION OF THE U.S. SPECIAL RESOLUTION REGIMES.
(a) In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity (as hereinafter defined) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime (as hereinafter defined), the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
(b) In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate (as hereinafter defined) of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights (as hereinafter defined) under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
“BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k).
“Covered Entity” means any of the following:
(1) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b);
(2) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or
(3) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).
“Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.
“U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement among the Underwriters and the Company in accordance with its terms.
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Very truly yours,
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
By: /s/ Jon P. Haygood
Name: Jon P. Haygood
Title: Assistant Treasurer
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CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED,
as of the date first above written
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.
By: /s/ Adam D. Bordner
Name: Adam D. Bordner
Title: Managing Director
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC
By: /s/ Robert Bottamedi
Name: Robert Bottamedi
Title: Executive Director
MIZUHO SECURITIES USA LLC
By: /s/ Stephen E. Leamer
Name: Stephen E. Leamer
Title: Managing Director
MORGAN STANLEY & CO. LLC
By: /s/ Natalie Smithson
Name: Natalie Smithson
Title: Vice President
U.S. BANCORP INVESTMENTS, INC.
By: /s/ Brent Kreissl
Name: Brent Kreissl
Title: Managing Director
22
SCHEDULE I
| Name of Underwriters | Principal Amount of Series 2026A Fixed- to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes | |||||||
Citigroup Global Markets Inc. | $169,000,000 | |||||||
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC | 169,000,000 | |||||||
Mizuho Securities USA LLC | 169,000,000 | |||||||
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC | 169,000,000 | |||||||
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc. | 169,000,000 | |||||||
BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC | 84,500,000 | |||||||
CIBC World Markets Corp. | 84,500,000 | |||||||
Huntington Securities, Inc. | 84,500,000 | |||||||
KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc. | 84,500,000 | |||||||
Regions Securities LLC | 84,500,000 | |||||||
Academy Securities, Inc. | 32,500,000 | |||||||
TOTAL: | $1,300,000,000 | |||||||
23
SCHEDULE II
PRICING DISCLOSURE PACKAGE
| 1) | Prospectus dated February 16, 2024 | |||||||
| 2) | Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated March 16, 2026 (which shall be deemed to include documents incorporated by reference therein) | |||||||
| 3) | Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses | |||||||
| a) Pricing Term Sheet | ||||||||
Schedule III
[Letterhead of TROUTMAN PEPPER LOCKE LLP]
March 19, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to The Southern Company (the “Company”) in connection with (i) the Company’s issuance of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”) pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015, by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee (the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”); and (ii) the purchase by the Underwriters (as hereinafter defined) of the Notes pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Underwriting Agreement”) among the Company and the Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”) for whom you are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”). This opinion is being delivered to you as Representatives pursuant to Section 6(b)(1) of the Underwriting Agreement.
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All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have examined the following documents:
(a) The Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277138) pertaining to the Notes and certain other securities filed by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), as it became effective under the Act (the “Registration Statement”);
(b) The Company’s prospectus dated February 16, 2024 (the “Base Prospectus”), as supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Pricing Exchange Act Documents (as hereinafter defined), the “Pricing Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Act;
(c) The documents incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus (as hereinafter defined): the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated February 20, 2026 and the Current Report on Form 8-K/A of the Company dated July 21, 2025 (filed on February 17, 2026) (together, the “Pricing Exchange Act Documents”);
(d) The Company’s prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Final Supplemented Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act, which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Pricing Exchange Act Documents and the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated March 16, 2026 (the “Exchange Act Documents”), each as filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”);
(e) An executed copy of the Indenture;
(f) An executed copy of the Underwriting Agreement;
(g) The free writing prospectus pertaining to the Notes prepared by the Company and filed with the Commission on March 16, 2026 pursuant to Rule 433 of the Act (the “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”); and
(h) The Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Amended and Restated By-Laws.
The documents listed in Schedule II to the Underwriting Agreement, taken together, are collectively referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.”
In addition, we have examined, and have relied as to factual matters upon, the documents delivered to you at the closing (except the certificates representing the Notes, of which we have examined specimens), and we have made such other and further investigations as
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we deemed necessary to express the opinions hereinafter set forth. In such examination, we have assumed (i) the genuineness of all signatures, (ii) the legal capacity of natural persons, (iii) the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and (iv) the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents.
The Indenture and the Underwriting Agreement are herein referred to collectively as the “Agreements.”
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications and limitations stated herein, we are of the opinion that:
1. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has due corporate authority to conduct the business in which it is engaged, to own and operate the properties used by it in such business and to enter into and perform its obligations under the Agreements and the Notes.
2. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and the Underwriting Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company.
3. All orders, consents or other authorizations or approvals of the Commission legally required for the issuance and sale of the Notes have been obtained; such orders are sufficient for the issuance and sale of the Notes; the issuance and sale of the Notes conform in all material respects with the terms of such orders; and no other order, consent or other authorization or approval pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or of any Georgia or United States governmental body (other than in connection or in compliance with the provisions of the securities or “blue sky” laws of any jurisdiction, as to which we express no opinion) is legally required for the issuance and sale of the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Underwriting Agreement.
4. The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee, constitutes a valid and legally binding instrument of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the qualifications that the enforceability of the Company’s obligations under the Indenture may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
5. The Notes have been duly authorized and executed by the Company and, when authenticated by the Trustee in the manner provided in the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to the qualifications that the enforceability of the Company’s obligations under the Notes may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
III-3
moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
6. Each of the Indenture and the Notes conforms as to legal matters in all material respects to the descriptions thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus.
7. The Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
8. The execution and delivery by the Company of the Indenture and the Underwriting Agreement and the issuance and sale by the Company of the Notes do not, and, if the Company were now to perform its obligations under the Indenture and the Underwriting Agreement, such performance would not, result in any violation of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, or conflict with, or result in a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company under (A) any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or any other agreement or instrument that has been filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 or any subsequent Exchange Act Document, (B) any existing applicable law, rule or regulation applicable to the Company (other than the securities or blue sky laws of any jurisdiction, as to which we express no opinion) or (C) any judgment, order or decree known to us of any government, governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, or any regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company.
9. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Notes, will not be an “investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
10. The statements set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus under the heading “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” insofar as they purport to constitute summaries of matters of United States federal income tax law, constitute accurate summaries in all material respects subject to the qualifications set forth therein.
We do not purport to express any opinion herein concerning any law other than the laws of the State of Georgia, the federal law of the United States, the Delaware General Corporation Law and, to the extent set forth herein, the laws of the State of New York. As to all matters governed by or dependent upon the laws of the State of New York, we have, with your consent, relied upon the opinion of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP dated the date hereof and addressed to you.
This opinion letter is rendered by us only to you and is solely for your benefit in your capacity as Underwriters in connection with the Underwriting Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder and may not be used, quoted or relied upon by you for any
III-4
other purpose, or relied upon by or furnished to any other person without our prior written consent. This opinion letter is expressed as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update or supplement it to reflect any fact or circumstance that hereafter comes to our attention, or any change in law that hereafter occurs.
Very truly yours,
TROUTMAN PEPPER LOCKE LLP
III-5
[Letterhead of TROUTMAN PEPPER LOCKE LLP]
March 19, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to The Southern Company (the “Company”) in connection with (i) the Company’s issuance of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”) pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015, by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee, as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”); and (ii) the purchase by the Underwriters (as hereinafter defined) of the Notes pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Underwriting Agreement”) among the Company and the Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”) for whom you are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”). This letter is being delivered to you as Representatives pursuant to Section 6(b)(1) of the Underwriting Agreement.
III-6
All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
In the above capacity, we have examined the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277138) pertaining to the Notes and certain other securities filed by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), as it became effective under the Act (the “Registration Statement”); the Company’s prospectus dated February 16, 2024 (the “Base Prospectus”), as supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Pricing Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Act which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated February 20, 2026 and the Current Report on Form 8-K/A of the Company dated July 21, 2025 (filed on February 17, 2026) (together, the “Pricing Exchange Act Documents”); and a prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Final Supplemented Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act, which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Pricing Exchange Act Documents and the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated March 16, 2026 (the “Exchange Act Documents”), each as filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have also examined the free writing prospectus pertaining to the Notes prepared by the Company and filed with the Commission on March 16, 2026 pursuant to Rule 433 of the Act (the “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”). The documents listed in Schedule II to the Underwriting Agreement, taken together, are collectively referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.”
We have participated in various conferences with the Company, its representatives, representatives of the independent public or certified public accountants of the Company and your counsel at which the contents of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus and the Exchange Act Documents and related matters were discussed and reviewed. Because of the inherent limitations in the independent verification of factual matters, and the character of the determinations involved in the preparation of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus and the Exchange Act Documents, we are not passing upon and do not assume any responsibility for, and make no representation that we have independently verified, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained therein (other than as specified in opinion paragraphs 6 and 10 of our opinion to you dated of even date herewith). However, on the basis of the foregoing, we advise you that nothing has come to our attention which has caused us to believe that:
(i) the Registration Statement, on the Effective Date (including the Exchange Act Documents on file with the Commission as of such date), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading,
(ii) the Pricing Disclosure Package (including the Pricing Exchange Act Documents), as of the Applicable Time, included an untrue statement of a material fact or
III-7
omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or
(iii) the Final Supplemented Prospectus (including the Exchange Act Documents) contained, as of its date, or contains, on the date hereof, any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, as of its date, or omits, on the date hereof, to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading,
except that in each case we express no belief with respect to the financial statements and schedules and notes thereto or other financial or statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in (or omitted from) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or the Exchange Act Documents and with respect to information set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus under the captions “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Book-Entry Only Issuance ─ The Depository Trust Company” and “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures.”
Subject to and on the basis of the foregoing, we further advise you that the Registration Statement, on the Effective Date, and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as of March 16, 2026, complied as to form in all material respects with the relevant requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and that each Exchange Act Document, as of its date of filing with the Commission, complied as to form in all material respects with the relevant requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, except that in each case we express no belief as to the financial statements and schedules and notes thereto or other financial or statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in (or omitted from) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or the Exchange Act Documents.
This letter is rendered by us only to you and is solely for your benefit in your capacity as Underwriters in connection with the Underwriting Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder and may not be used, quoted or relied upon by you for any other purpose or relied upon by or furnished to any other person without our prior written consent. This letter is expressed as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update or supplement it to reflect any fact or circumstance that hereafter comes to our attention, or any change in law that hereafter occurs.
Very truly yours,
TROUTMAN PEPPER LOCKE LLP
III-8
Schedule IV
[Letterhead of Emmet, Marvin & Martin LLP]
March 19, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
The Southern Company
30 Ivan Allen Jr. Blvd., N.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
The Southern Company
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (“Computershare”), in connection with the issuance by The Southern Company (the “Company”) of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”). The Notes are being issued under the Subordinated Note Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2015 (the “Original Indenture”), between the Company and Computershare, as successor trustee (in such capacity, the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a seventeenth
IV-1
supplemental indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 to the Original Indenture relating to the Notes (the “Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture”). The Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture, the Original Indenture and any other amendments or supplemental indentures thereto are referred to herein as the “Indenture.”
For purposes of this opinion, we have reviewed the Indenture and such other documents, records and papers, and satisfied ourselves as to such other matters, as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for this opinion. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied on certificates of Computershare and of public officials. In such review, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to the originals of all documents submitted to us as copies or forms and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. We have assumed that Computershare has been duly formed and that the Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms against, the Company.
Based upon the foregoing and subject to the qualifications below, we are of the opinion that:
1) Based solely on a certificate from the Comptroller of the Currency, Computershare is a national banking association formed under the laws of the United States and is authorized thereunder to transact the business of banking and exercise fiduciary powers and perform its obligations under the Indenture.
2) The Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Computershare and the Indenture constitutes a valid and binding agreement of Computershare enforceable against Computershare in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law) and by an implied covenant of reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing.
We are members of the Bar of the State of New York and, for purposes of this opinion, do not hold ourselves out as experts on the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of New York and the federal law of the United States. The opinions expressed herein are based as to matters of law solely on applicable provisions of the following, as currently in effect: (i) as to the opinions expressed in paragraphs (1) and (2), the National Bank Act and the regulations of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency published in 12 C.F.R. Parts 1-199 and (ii) as to the opinion expressed in paragraph (2), subject to the exclusions and limitations set forth in this opinion letter, internal New York law.
This opinion is solely for your benefit in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company of the Notes and may not be relied upon by you for any other purpose, or relied upon or furnished to any other person, without our prior written consent, except that copies of this opinion may be furnished to, but not relied upon by, (i) your independent auditors, advisors and legal counsel, or (ii) any person in order to comply with any subpoena, order, regulation, ruling
IV-2
or request of any judicial, administrative, governmental, supervisory or legislative body or committee or any self-regulatory body.
Very truly yours,
IV-3
Schedule V
[Letterhead of HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP]
March 19, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
To the Addressees:
We have represented the Underwriters (as hereinafter defined) in connection with (i) the issuance and sale by The Southern Company (the “Company”) of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”) pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015, by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee (the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”); and (ii) the purchase by the Underwriters of the Notes pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Underwriting Agreement”) among the Company and the Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”) for whom you are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”). This opinion letter is being
V-1
delivered to you in your capacity as Representatives pursuant to Section 6(b)(3) of the Underwriting Agreement.
All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have examined the following documents:
(a) The Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277138) pertaining to the Notes and certain other securities filed by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), as it became effective under the Act (the “Registration Statement”);
(b) The Company’s prospectus dated February 16, 2024 (the “Base Prospectus”), as supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Pricing Exchange Act Documents (as hereinafter defined), the “Pricing Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Act;
(c) The documents incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus (as hereinafter defined): the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated February 20, 2026 and the Current Report on Form 8-K/A of the Company dated July 21, 2025 (filed on February 17, 2026) (together, the “Pricing Exchange Act Documents”);
(d) The Company’s prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Final Supplemented Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act, which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Pricing Exchange Act Documents and the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated March 16, 2026 (the “Exchange Act Documents”), each as filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”);
(e) An executed copy of the Indenture;
(f) An executed copy of the Underwriting Agreement;
(g) The free writing prospectus pertaining to the Notes prepared by the Company and filed with the Commission on March 16, 2026 pursuant to Rule 433 of the Act (the “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”); and
(h) The Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Amended and Restated By-Laws.
The documents listed in Schedule II to the Underwriting Agreement, taken together, are collectively referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.”
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In addition, we have examined, and have relied as to factual matters upon, the documents delivered to you at the closing (except the certificates representing the Notes, of which we have examined specimens), and we have made such other and further investigations as we deemed necessary to express the opinions hereinafter set forth. In such examination, we have assumed (i) the genuineness of all signatures, (ii) the legal capacity of natural persons, (iii) the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and (iv) the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents.
The Indenture and the Underwriting Agreement are herein referred to collectively as the “Agreements.”
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications and limitations stated herein, we are of the opinion that:
1. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has due corporate authority to conduct the business in which it is engaged, to own and operate the properties used by it in such business and to enter into and perform its obligations under the Agreements and the Notes.
2. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and the Underwriting Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company.
3. All orders, consents or other authorizations or approvals of the Commission legally required for the issuance and sale of the Notes have been obtained; such orders are sufficient for the issuance and sale of the Notes; the issuance and sale of the Notes conform in all material respects with the terms of such orders; and no other order, consent or other authorization or approval pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or of any New York or United States governmental body (other than in connection or in compliance with the provisions of the securities or “blue sky” laws of any jurisdiction, as to which we express no opinion) is legally required for the issuance and sale of the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Underwriting Agreement.
4. The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee, constitutes a valid and legally binding instrument of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the qualifications that the enforceability of the Company’s obligations under the Indenture may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
5. The Notes have been duly authorized and executed by the Company and, when authenticated by the Trustee in the manner provided in the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, will constitute valid and
V-3
binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to the qualifications that the enforceability of the Company’s obligations under the Notes may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
6. Each of the Indenture and the Notes conforms as to legal matters in all material respects to the descriptions thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Final Supplemented Prospectus.
7. The Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
8. The execution and delivery by the Company of the Agreements and the Notes, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, do not result in any violation of (i) the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company or (ii) any existing applicable law, rule or regulation of the State of New York or (iii) the Delaware General Corporation Law.
We do not purport to express any opinion herein concerning any law other than the law of the State of New York, the federal law of the United States and the Delaware General Corporation Law.
This opinion letter is rendered by us only to you and is solely for your benefit in your capacity as Underwriters in connection with the Underwriting Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder and may not be used, quoted or relied upon by you for any other purpose or relied upon by or furnished to any other person without our prior written consent except that Troutman Pepper Locke LLP may rely on this opinion letter in giving its opinions pursuant to Section 6 of the Underwriting Agreement, insofar as such opinion letter relates to matters of New York law, and pursuant to Sections 102, 302 and 904 of the Indenture, insofar as such opinion letter relates to matters of New York law. This opinion letter is expressed as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update or supplement it to reflect any fact or circumstance that hereafter comes to our attention, or any change in law that hereafter occurs.
Very truly yours,
HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP
V-4
[Letterhead of HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP]
March 19, 2026
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
270 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10017
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
Mizuho Securities USA LLC
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
214 North Tryon Street, 26th Floor
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes
due April 1, 2058
To the Addressees:
We have represented the Underwriters (as hereinafter defined) in connection with (i) the issuance and sale by The Southern Company (the “Company”) of $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”) pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015, by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee, as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”); and (ii) the purchase by the Underwriters of the Notes pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Underwriting Agreement”) among the Company and the Underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”) for whom you are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”). This letter is being delivered to you in your capacity as Representatives pursuant to Section 6(b)(3) of the Underwriting Agreement.
All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
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In the above capacity, we have examined the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277138) pertaining to the Notes and certain other securities filed by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), as it became effective under the Act (the “Registration Statement”); the Company’s prospectus dated February 16, 2024 (the “Base Prospectus”), as supplemented by a preliminary prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Pricing Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Act, which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated February 20, 2026 and the Current Report on Form 8-K/A of the Company dated July 21, 2025 (filed on February 17, 2026) (together, the “Pricing Exchange Act Documents”); and a prospectus supplement dated March 16, 2026 (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Final Supplemented Prospectus”), filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act, which, pursuant to Form S-3, incorporates by reference the Pricing Exchange Act Documents and the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company dated March 16, 2026 (the “Exchange Act Documents”), each as filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have also examined the free writing prospectus pertaining to the Notes prepared by the Company and filed with the Commission on March 16, 2026 pursuant to Rule 433 of the Act (the “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”). The documents listed in Schedule II to the Underwriting Agreement, taken together, are collectively referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.”
We have participated in various conferences with the Company, its counsel, its representatives and representatives of the independent public or certified public accountants of the Company at which the contents of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus and the Exchange Act Documents and related matters were discussed and reviewed. Because of the inherent limitations in the independent verification of factual matters, and the character of the determinations involved in the preparation of the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus and the Exchange Act Documents, we are not passing upon and do not assume any responsibility for, and make no representation that we have independently verified, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained therein (other than as specified in opinion paragraph 6 of our opinion letter to you related to the Indenture and the Notes dated of even date herewith). However, on the basis of the foregoing, we advise you that nothing has come to our attention which has caused us to believe that:
(i) the Registration Statement, on the Effective Date (including the Exchange Act Documents on file with the Commission as of such date), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading,
(ii) the Pricing Disclosure Package (including the Pricing Exchange Act Documents), as of the Applicable Time, included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or
V-6
(iii) the Final Supplemented Prospectus (including the Exchange Act Documents) contained, as of its date, or contains, on the date hereof, any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, as of its date, or omits, on the date hereof, to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that in each case we express no belief with respect to the financial statements and schedules and notes thereto or other financial or statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in (or omitted from) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or the Exchange Act Documents and with respect to information set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Supplemented Prospectus under the captions “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Book-Entry Only Issuance ─ The Depository Trust Company” and “Description of the Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes ─ Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures.”
Subject to and on the basis of the foregoing, we further advise you that the Registration Statement, on the Effective Date, and the Final Supplemented Prospectus, as of March 16, 2026, complied as to form in all material respects with the relevant requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and that each Exchange Act Document, as of its date of filing with the Commission, complied as to form in all material respects with the relevant requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, except that in each case we express no belief as to the financial statements and schedules and notes thereto or other financial or statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in (or omitted from) the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Final Supplemented Prospectus or the Exchange Act Documents.
This letter is rendered by us only to you and is solely for your benefit in your capacity as Underwriters in connection with the Underwriting Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder and may not be used, quoted or relied upon by you for any other purpose or relied upon by or furnished to any other person without our prior written consent. This letter is expressed as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update or supplement it to reflect any fact or circumstance that hereafter comes to our attention, or any change in law that hereafter occurs.
Very truly yours,
HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP
V-7
Exhibit 4.4
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
TO
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
TRUSTEE
_______________
SEVENTEENTH SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE
DATED AS OF MARCH 19, 2026
_______________
$1,300,000,000
SERIES 2026A 6.00% FIXED-TO-FIXED RESET RATE
JUNIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES
DUE APRIL 1, 2058
TABLE OF CONTENTS1
| PAGE | ||||||||
| ARTICLE 1 | 1 | |||||||
SECTION 101. Establishment | 1 | |||||||
SECTION 102. Definitions | 2 | |||||||
SECTION 103. Payment of Principal and Interest | 4 | |||||||
| SECTION 104. Deferral of Interest Payments | 5 | |||||||
SECTION 105. Denominations | 6 | |||||||
SECTION 106. Global Securities | 6 | |||||||
SECTION 107. Transfer | 7 | |||||||
SECTION 108. Redemption at the Company’s Option | 7 | |||||||
SECTION 109. Events of Default | 8 | |||||||
| SECTION 110. Calculation Agent | 9 | |||||||
ARTICLE 2 | 9 | |||||||
SECTION 201. Recitals by Company | 9 | |||||||
SECTION 202. Ratification and Incorporation of Original Indenture | 9 | |||||||
| SECTION 203. Executed in Counterparts | 10 | |||||||
| EXHIBIT A | Form of Series 2026A Note | A-1 | ||||||
| EXHIBIT B | Certificate of Authentication | B-1 | ||||||
___________________________
1This Table of Contents does not constitute part of the Indenture or have any bearing upon the interpretation of any of its terms and provisions.
i
THIS SEVENTEENTH SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE is made as of the 19th day of March, 2026, by and between THE SOUTHERN COMPANY, a Delaware corporation, 30 Ivan Allen Jr. Blvd., N.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30308 (the “Company”), and COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association (as successor to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association), 1505 Energy Park Drive, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, Attn: CTSO Mail Operations (the “Trustee”).
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Company has heretofore entered into a Subordinated Note Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2015 (the “Original Indenture”), with Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (as successor to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association);
WHEREAS, the Original Indenture is incorporated herein by this reference and the Original Indenture, as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture, is herein called the “Indenture”;
WHEREAS, under the Original Indenture, a new series of Junior Subordinated Notes may at any time be established pursuant to a supplemental indenture executed by the Company and the Trustee;
WHEREAS, the Company proposes to create under the Indenture a new series of Junior Subordinated Notes;
WHEREAS, additional Junior Subordinated Notes of other series hereafter established, except as may be limited in the Original Indenture as at the time supplemented and modified, may be issued from time to time pursuant to the Indenture as at the time supplemented and modified; and
WHEREAS, all conditions necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture and to make it a valid and binding obligation of the Company have been done or performed.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements and obligations set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
Series 2026A Junior Subordinated Notes
SECTION 101. Establishment. There is hereby established a new series of Junior Subordinated Notes to be issued under the Indenture, to be designated as the Company’s Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Series 2026A Notes”).
There are to be authenticated and delivered $1,300,000,000 principal amount of Series 2026A Notes, and such principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes may be increased from time to time pursuant to Section 301 of the Original Indenture. All Series 2026A Notes need not be issued at the same time and such series may be reopened at any time, without the consent of any Holder, for issuances of additional Series 2026A Notes. Any such additional Series 2026A Notes will have the same interest rate, maturity and other terms as those initially issued (except for the public offering price and issue date and the initial interest accrual date and initial Interest
Payment Date (as defined below), if applicable). No Series 2026A Notes shall be authenticated and delivered in excess of the principal amount as so increased except as provided by Sections 203, 303, 304, 907 or 1107 of the Original Indenture. The Series 2026A Notes shall be issued in fully registered form.
The Series 2026A Notes shall be issued in the form of one or more Global Securities in substantially the form set out in Exhibit A hereto. The Depositary with respect to the Series 2026A Notes shall be The Depository Trust Company.
The form of the Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication for the Series 2026A Notes shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit B hereto.
Each Series 2026A Note shall be dated the date of authentication thereof and shall bear interest from the date of original issuance thereof or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for.
SECTION 102. Definitions. The following defined terms used herein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meanings specified below. Capitalized terms used herein for which no definition is provided herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Original Indenture.
“Additional Interest” has the meaning set forth in Section 104 of this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture.
“Administrative Action” means any judicial decision or any official administrative pronouncement, ruling, regulatory procedure, notice or announcement including any notice or announcement of intent to issue or adopt any administrative pronouncement, ruling, regulatory procedure or regulation.
“Applicable Rating Agency” means any Rating Agency that (i)(a) published a rating for the Company on the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes and (b) publishes a rating for the Company at such time as a Rating Agency Event occurs, or (ii) any successor to a Rating Agency described in the preceding clause (i).
“Calculation Agent” means the Company, an Affiliate of the Company selected by the Company, or any other firm appointed by the Company, in each case, in the Company’s sole discretion, acting as calculation agent in respect of the Series 2026A Notes.
“Five-Year Treasury Rate” means, as of any Reset Interest Determination Date, the average of the yields on actively traded U.S. Treasury securities adjusted to constant maturity, for five-year maturities, for the five consecutive Business Days immediately prior to the respective Reset Interest Determination Date appearing under the caption “Treasury Constant Maturities” as published in the Most Recent H.15. If the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be determined pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Calculation Agent, after consulting such sources as it deems comparable to any of the foregoing calculations, or any such source as it deems reasonable from which to estimate the Five-Year Treasury Rate, will determine the Five-Year Treasury Rate in its sole discretion, provided that if the Calculation Agent determines there is an industry-accepted successor Five-Year Treasury Rate, then the Calculation Agent will use such successor rate. If the Calculation Agent has determined a substitute or successor base rate in accordance with the foregoing, the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion may determine the business day convention, the definition of “Business Day” and the Reset Interest Determination Date to be used and any other relevant methodology for calculating such substitute or successor base rate, including any adjustment factor needed to make such substitute or successor base rate
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comparable to the Five-Year Treasury Rate, in a manner that is consistent with industry-accepted practices for such substitute or successor base rate. If the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be determined pursuant to the methods described above, then the Five-Year Treasury Rate will be the same interest rate determined for the prior Reset Interest Determination Date or, if the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be so determined as of the Reset Interest Determination Date preceding the first Interest Reset Date, then the interest rate applicable for the Interest Reset Period beginning on and including the first Interest Reset Date will be deemed to be 6.00% per annum.
“H.15” means the daily statistical release designated as such, or any successor publication as determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion, published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
“Initial Interest Reset Date” means April 1, 2033.
“Interest Payment Dates” means April 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing October 1, 2026.
“Interest Reset Date” means the Initial Interest Reset Date and each date falling on the five-year anniversary of the preceding Interest Reset Date.
“Interest Reset Period” means the period from and including the Initial Interest Reset Date to, but not including, the next following Interest Reset Date and thereafter each period from and including each Interest Reset Date to, but not including, the next following Interest Reset Date or the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be.
“Most Recent H.15” means the H.15 published closest in time but prior to the close of business on the applicable Reset Interest Determination Date.
“Optional Deferral Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 104 of this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture.
“Original Issue Date” means March 19, 2026.
“Rating Agency” means any nationally recognized statistical rating organization (within the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended).
“Rating Agency Event” means a change to the methodology or criteria that were employed by an Applicable Rating Agency for purposes of assigning equity credit to securities such as the Series 2026A Notes on the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes, which change reduces the amount of equity credit assigned to the Series 2026A Notes by the Applicable Rating Agency as compared with the amount of equity credit that such Rating Agency assigned to the Series 2026A Notes as of the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes.
“Regular Record Date” means, with respect to each Interest Payment Date, the close of business (i) on the Business Day immediately preceding such Interest Payment Date if any Series 2026A Notes are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities or (ii) on the 15th calendar day preceding such Interest Payment Date if no Series 2026A Notes are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities (whether or not a Business Day).
“Reset Interest Determination Date” means, in respect of any Interest Reset Period, the day falling two Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Reset Period.
“Stated Maturity” means April 1, 2058.
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“Tax Credit Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 108 of this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture.
“Tax Event” means that the Company shall have received an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of:
(a) any amendment to, clarification of, or change, including any announced prospective change, in the laws or treaties of the United States or any of its political subdivisions or taxing authorities, or any regulations under those laws or treaties;
(b) an Administrative Action;
(c) any amendment to, clarification of, or change in the official position or the interpretation of any Administrative Action or any interpretation or pronouncement that provides for a position with respect to an Administrative Action that differs from the previously generally accepted position, in each case by any legislative body, court, governmental authority or regulatory body, regardless of the time or manner in which that amendment, clarification or change is introduced or made known; or
(d) a threatened challenge asserted in writing in connection with an audit of the Company or an audit of any of the subsidiaries of the Company, or a publicly-known threatened challenge asserted in writing against any other taxpayer that has raised capital through the issuance of securities that are substantially similar to the Series 2026A Notes,
which amendment, clarification or change is effective or the Administrative Action is taken or issued, or interpretation or pronouncement is issued or threatened challenge is asserted or becomes publicly-known after the date of original issuance of the Series 2026A Notes, there is more than an insubstantial risk that interest payable by the Company on the Series 2026A Notes is not deductible, or within 90 days of the date of such opinion would not be deductible, in whole or in part, by the Company for United States federal income tax purposes.
SECTION 103. Payment of Principal and Interest. The principal of the Series 2026A Notes shall be due at the Stated Maturity (unless earlier redeemed). The unpaid principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes shall bear interest (i) from and including the Original Issue Date, to, but excluding, the Initial Interest Reset Date at the rate of 6.00% per annum and (ii) from and including the Initial Interest Reset Date, during each Interest Reset Period, at the rate equal to the Five-Year Treasury Rate as of the most recent Reset Interest Determination Date, plus 1.993% per annum; provided, that the interest rate during any Interest Reset Period will not reset below 6.00%. Interest shall be paid semi-annually in arrears on each Interest Payment Date to the Person in whose name the Series 2026A Notes are registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such Interest Payment Date, provided that interest payable at the Stated Maturity or on a Redemption Date as provided herein will be paid to the Person to whom principal is payable. So long as an Optional Deferral Period is not occurring, any such interest that is not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holders on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person or Persons in whose name the Series 2026A Notes are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of the Series 2026A Notes not less than ten (10) days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange, if any, on which the Series 2026A Notes shall be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by any such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Original Indenture.
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Payments of interest on the Series 2026A Notes will include interest accrued to but excluding the respective Interest Payment Dates. Interest payments for the Series 2026A Notes shall be computed and paid on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. In the event that any date on which interest is payable on the Series 2026A Notes is not a Business Day, then payment of the interest payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day (and without any interest or other payment in respect of any such delay), with the same force and effect as if made on the date the payment was originally payable.
Payment of the principal and interest (including Additional Interest) due at the Stated Maturity or earlier redemption of the Series 2026A Notes shall be made upon surrender of the Series 2026A Notes at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. The principal of and interest on the Series 2026A Notes (including Additional Interest) shall be paid in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payments of interest (including interest on any Interest Payment Date) (including Additional Interest) will be made, subject to such surrender where applicable, at the option of the Company, (i) by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register or (ii) by wire transfer or other electronic transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Trustee at least sixteen (16) days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto.
SECTION 104. Deferral of Interest Payments. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company may, at its option, on one or more occasions, defer payment of all or part of the current and accrued interest otherwise due on the Series 2026A Notes by extending the interest payment period for up to ten (10) consecutive years (each period, commencing on the date that the first such interest payment would otherwise have been made, an “Optional Deferral Period”). A deferral of interest payments may not extend beyond the Stated Maturity or end on a day other than an Interest Payment Date. Any deferred interest on the Series 2026A Notes will accrue additional interest at the rate then applicable to the Series 2026A Notes from the applicable Interest Payment Date to the date of payment, compounded semi-annually (such deferred interest and additional interest accrued thereon, “Additional Interest”), to the extent permitted under applicable law. No interest shall be due and payable during an Optional Deferral Period, except at the end of such Optional Deferral Period or upon a redemption of the Series 2026A Notes during such Optional Deferral Period.
So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, prior to the termination of any Optional Deferral Period, the Company may further defer the payment of interest by extending such Optional Deferral Period; provided that such Optional Deferral Period together with all such previous and further deferrals of interest payments shall not exceed ten (10) consecutive years at any one time or extend beyond the Stated Maturity. Upon the termination of any Optional Deferral Period, which shall be an Interest Payment Date, the Company shall pay all interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, to the Person in whose name the Series 2026A Notes are registered on the Regular Record Date for such Interest Payment Date, provided that interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, payable at Stated Maturity or on any Redemption Date will be paid to the Person to whom principal is payable. Once the Company pays all interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, it shall be entitled again to defer interest payments on the Series 2026A Notes as described above.
During an Optional Deferral Period, subject to the next succeeding sentence, the Company (a) shall not declare or pay any dividend or make any distributions with respect to, or
5
redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock, and (b) shall not make any payment of interest on, principal of or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities (including guarantees) issued by the Company which rank pari passu with or junior to the Series 2026A Notes. The preceding sentence, however, shall not restrict (i) any of the actions described in the preceding sentence resulting from any reclassification of the Company’s capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company’s capital stock for another class or series of the Company’s capital stock, (ii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company’s capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iii) dividends, payments or distributions payable in shares of capital stock, (iv) redemptions, purchases or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock in connection with any employment contract, incentive plan, benefit plan or other similar arrangement of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or in connection with a dividend reinvestment or stock purchase plan, including, without limitation, the Southern Investment Plan, (v) any declaration of a dividend in connection with implementation of any stockholders’ rights plan, or the issuance of rights, stock or other property under any such plan, or the redemption, repurchase or other acquisition of any such rights pursuant thereto, or (vi) settling conversion of any convertible notes (and any related call spread/bond hedge) that rank equally with the Series 2026A Notes.
The Company shall provide to the Trustee notice, as provided in Section 105 of the Original Indenture, of its selection or extension of an Optional Deferral Period at least 10 Business Days and not more than 60 Business Days prior to the earlier of (a) the next applicable Interest Payment Date or (b) the date, if any, upon which the Company is required to give notice of such Interest Payment Date or the Regular Record Date thereof to the New York Stock Exchange or any applicable self-regulatory organization. In addition, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that no default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing. Subject to receipt of such Officers’ Certificate, the Trustee shall forward such notice promptly to the Holders of the Series 2026A Notes as provided in Section 106 of the Original Indenture.
SECTION 105. Denominations. The Series 2026A Notes may be issued in the denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.
SECTION 106. Global Securities. The Series 2026A Notes will be issued in the form of one or more Global Securities registered in the name of the Depositary (which shall be The Depository Trust Company) or its nominee. Except under the limited circumstances described below, Series 2026A Notes represented by one or more Global Securities will not be exchangeable for, and will not otherwise be issuable as, Series 2026A Notes in definitive form. The Global Securities described above may not be transferred except by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or its nominee.
Owners of beneficial interests in such a Global Security will not be considered the Holders thereof for any purpose under the Indenture, and no Global Security representing a Series 2026A Note shall be exchangeable, except for another Global Security of like denomination and tenor to be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee or to a successor Depositary or its nominee. The rights of Holders of such Global Security shall be exercised only through the Depositary.
Subject to the procedures of the Depositary, a Global Security shall be exchangeable for Series 2026A Notes registered in the names of persons other than the Depositary or its nominee
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only if (i) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a Depositary for such Global Security and no successor Depositary shall have been appointed by the Company, or if at any time the Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, at a time when the Depositary is required to be so registered to act as such Depositary and no successor Depositary shall have been appointed by the Company, in each case within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such cessation, (ii) the Company in its sole discretion determines that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable, or (iii) there shall have occurred an Event of Default with respect to the Series 2026A Notes. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Series 2026A Notes registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct.
Neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
SECTION 107. Transfer. No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of Series 2026A Notes, but payment will be required of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith.
The Company shall not be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Series 2026A Notes during a period beginning at the opening of business fifteen (15) days before the date of the mailing of a notice pursuant to Section 1104 of the Original Indenture identifying the serial numbers of the Series 2026A Notes to be called for redemption, and ending at the close of business on the date of the mailing, or (b) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Series 2026A Notes theretofore selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Series 2026A Notes redeemed in part.
SECTION 108. Redemption at the Company’s Option. At any time and from time to time (i) on any day in the period commencing on the date falling 90 days prior to the first Interest Reset Date and ending on and including the first Interest Reset Date and (ii) after the first Interest Reset Date, on any Interest Payment Date, the Series 2026A Notes will be subject to redemption at the option of the Company in whole or in part upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed to the Redemption Date.
In addition, if a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may redeem the Series 2026A Notes following the occurrence of that Tax Event, in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed plus any accrued but unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date.
In addition, if a Rating Agency Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may redeem the Series 2026A Notes following the occurrence of that Rating Agency Event, in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice at a Redemption Price equal to 102% of the principal amount to be redeemed plus any accrued but unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date.
In addition, if a Tax Credit Event occurs, the Company may redeem, upon a notice of redemption not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption, the
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Series 2026A Notes, in whole, but not in part, at a Redemption Price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the Redemption Date (including any Additional Interest). A notice of redemption of the Series 2026A Notes upon the occurrence of a Tax Credit Event (i) may only be sent by the later of (a) the end of the calendar year in which the Series 2026A Notes were issued and (b) six months from the date of issuance of the Series 2026A Notes and (ii) shall be accompanied by a certificate from an officer of the Company stating that a Tax Credit Event has occurred.
A “Tax Credit Event” occurs with respect to the Series 2026A Notes if, in the Company's reasonable determination, there exists a material risk, due to the Series 2026A Notes (considered together with other debt) having been issued, as part of an original issuance, to one or more “specified foreign entities,” as defined in Section 7701(a)(51)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that the Company or any of its affiliates would be unable to utilize or otherwise ineligible to claim any tax credits otherwise allowed under Section 38 of the Code.
In the event of redemption of the Series 2026A Notes in part only, a new Series 2026A Note or Notes for the unredeemed portion will be issued in the name or names of the Holders thereof upon the surrender thereof (or through book-entry transfer for Global Securities).
The Series 2026A Notes will not have a sinking fund.
Notice of redemption shall be given as provided in Section 1104 of the Original Indenture, as amended.
Any redemption of less than all of the Series 2026A Notes shall, with respect to the principal thereof, be divisible by $1,000. If less than all of the Series 2026A Notes are being redeemed, the selection of the Series 2026A Notes to be redeemed shall be done in
accordance with the Depositary’s procedures.
SECTION 109. Events of Default.
The Event of Default set forth in Section 501(5) of the Original Indenture shall not apply to the Series 2026A Notes. The Events of Default set forth in paragraphs (1), (3), (6) and (7) shall apply to the Series 2026A Notes.
For purposes of this Section 109, the term “Default” means the following event: default in the performance or breach of any covenant or warranty of the Company in the Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty (i) a default in whose performance or whose breach is addressed in any paragraph of Section 501 of the Original Indenture (other than Section 501(5)) or (ii) which has expressly been included in the Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Junior Subordinated Notes other than the Series 2026A Notes), and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 90 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee, or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Series 2026A Notes, a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Covenant Default” hereunder.
Upon the occurrence and continuance of a Default, the Trustee and the Holders of the Series 2026A Notes shall have the same rights and remedies, and shall be subject to the same limitations, restrictions, protections and exculpations, and the Company shall be subject to the same obligations and restrictions, in each case, as would apply if such Default was an Event of
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Default or an event which after notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default; provided, that the principal of and accrued interest on the Series 2026A Notes may not be declared immediately due and payable by reason of the occurrence and continuation of a Default, and any notice of declaration or acceleration based on such Default shall be null and void with respect to the Series 2026A Notes; provided, further that in case a Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall not be subject to Section 601(b) of the Original Indenture unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
SECTION 110. Calculation Agent.
Unless the Company has redeemed all of the outstanding Series 2026A Notes as of the Initial Interest Reset Date, the Company shall appoint the Calculation Agent prior to the Reset Interest Determination Date preceding the Initial Interest Reset Date. The Company or any of its Affiliates may assume the duties of the Calculation Agent. The applicable interest rate for each Interest Reset Period will be determined by the Calculation Agent as of the applicable Reset Interest Determination Date. If the Company or one of its Affiliates is not the Calculation Agent, the Calculation Agent shall notify the Company of the interest rate for the relevant Interest Reset Period promptly upon such determination. The Company shall notify the Trustee of such interest rate, promptly upon making or being notified of such determination. The Calculation Agent’s determination of any interest rate and its calculation of the amount of interest for any Interest Reset Period beginning on or after the Initial Interest Reset Date will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error, will be made in the Calculation Agent’s sole discretion and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Indenture, will become effective without consent from any other person or entity. Such determination of any interest rate and calculation of the amount of interest shall be on file at the Company’s principal office and shall be made available to any Holder upon request.
In no event shall the Trustee be the Calculation Agent, nor shall it have any liability for any determination made by or on behalf of the Calculation Agent. In no event shall the Trustee be responsible for determining any substitute or successor base rate, the business day convention or the definition of “Business Day” and the Reset Interest Determination Date to be used and any other relevant methodology for calculating such substitute or successor base rate. In connection with the foregoing, the Trustee will be entitled to conclusively rely on any determinations made by the Calculation Agent and will have no liability for such actions taken at the direction of the Calculation Agent or the Company.
ARTICLE 2
Miscellaneous Provisions
SECTION 201. Recitals by Company. The recitals in this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture are made by the Company only and not by the Trustee, and all of the provisions contained in the Original Indenture in respect of the rights, privileges, immunities, powers and duties of the Trustee shall be applicable in respect of Series 2026A Notes and of this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture as fully and with like effect as if set forth herein in full.
SECTION 202. Ratification and Incorporation of Original Indenture. As supplemented hereby, the Original Indenture is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and the Original Indenture, as supplemented by this Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture shall be read, taken and construed as one and the same instrument.
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SECTION 203. Executed in Counterparts. This Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture shall be valid, binding and enforceable against a party only when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) any electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”); (ii) an original manual signature; or (iii) a scanned or photocopied manual signature. Each electronic signature or scanned or photocopied manual signature shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any scanned or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. This Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute one and the same instrument. For avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or endorsement of writings when required under the Uniform Commercial Code or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each party hereto has caused this instrument to be signed in its name and behalf by its duly authorized officer, all as of the day and year first above written.
| THE SOUTHERN COMPANY | |||||||||||
| By: | /s/David P. Poroch | ||||||||||
| Name: David P. Poroch Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |||||||||||
| COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee | |||||||||||
| By: | /s/Peter Hosfield | ||||||||||
| Name: Peter Hosfield Title: Assistant Vice President | |||||||||||
EXHIBIT A
FORM OF SERIES 2026A NOTE
| NO. __ | CUSIP NO. 842587 EJ2 | ||||
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
SERIES 2026A 6.00% FIXED-TO-FIXED RESET RATE JUNIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE
DUE APRIL 1, 2058
| Principal Amount: | $__________ | |||||||
| Regular Record Date: | One Business Day prior to Interest Payment Date (if any Series 2026A Notes are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities) or 15th calendar day prior to Interest Payment Date (if no Series 2026A Notes are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities) | |||||||
| Original Issue Date: | March 19, 2026 | |||||||
| Stated Maturity: | April 1, 2058 | |||||||
| Interest Payment Dates: | April 1 and October 1 | |||||||
| Interest Rate: | (i) From and including the Original Issue Date, to, but excluding, the Initial Interest Reset Date at the rate of 6.00% per annum and (ii) from and including the Initial Interest Reset Date, during each Interest Reset Period, at the rate equal to the Five-Year Treasury Rate as of the most recent Reset Interest Determination Date, plus 1.993% per annum; provided, that the interest rate during any Interest Reset Period will not reset below 6.00% | |||||||
| Authorized Denomination: | $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof | |||||||
The Southern Company, a Delaware corporation (the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof), for value received, hereby promises to pay to _____________________________________, or registered assigns, the principal sum of _________ DOLLARS ($__________) on the Stated Maturity shown above (or upon earlier redemption), and to pay interest thereon from the Original Issue Date shown above, or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for semi-annually in arrears on each Interest Payment Date as specified above, commencing on October 1, 2026 and on the Stated Maturity (or upon earlier redemption) (i) from and including the Original Issue Date, to, but excluding, the Initial Interest Reset Date at the rate of 6.00% per annum and (ii) from and including the Initial Interest Reset Date, during each Interest Reset Period, at the rate equal to the Five-Year Treasury Rate as of the most recent Reset Interest Determination Date, plus 1.993% per annum until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment and at the rate then applicable on any overdue principal and on any overdue installment of interest; provided, that the interest rate during any Interest Reset Period will not reset below 6.00%. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (other than an Interest Payment Date that is the Stated Maturity or on
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a Redemption Date) will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (the “Note”) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date as specified above next preceding such Interest Payment Date, provided that any interest payable at the Stated Maturity or on any Redemption Date will be paid to the Person to whom principal is payable. Except as otherwise provided in the Indenture, any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Note is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Notes of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes of this series shall be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by any such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture.
Payments of interest on this Note will include interest accrued to but excluding the respective Interest Payment Dates. Interest payments for this Note shall be computed and paid on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. In the event that any date on which interest is payable on this Note is not a Business Day, then payment of the interest payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day (and without any interest or other payment in respect of any such delay), with the same force and effect as if made on the date the payment was originally payable.
“Calculation Agent” means the Company, an Affiliate of the Company selected by the Company, or any other firm appointed by the Company, in each case, in the Company’s sole discretion, acting as calculation agent in respect of the Series 2026A Notes.
“Five-Year Treasury Rate” means, as of any Reset Interest Determination Date, the average of the yields on actively traded U.S. Treasury securities adjusted to constant maturity, for five-year maturities, for the five consecutive Business Days immediately prior to the respective Reset Interest Determination Date appearing under the caption “Treasury Constant Maturities” as published in the Most Recent H.15. If the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be determined pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Calculation Agent, after consulting such sources as it deems comparable to any of the foregoing calculations, or any such source as it deems reasonable from which to estimate the Five-Year Treasury Rate, will determine the Five-Year Treasury Rate in its sole discretion, provided that if the Calculation Agent determines there is an industry-accepted successor Five-Year Treasury Rate, then the Calculation Agent will use such successor rate. If the Calculation Agent has determined a substitute or successor base rate in accordance with the foregoing, the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion may determine the business day convention, the definition of “Business Day” and the Reset Interest Determination Date to be used and any other relevant methodology for calculating such substitute or successor base rate, including any adjustment factor needed to make such substitute or successor base rate comparable to the Five-Year Treasury Rate, in a manner that is consistent with industry-accepted practices for such substitute or successor base rate. If the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be determined pursuant to the methods described above, then the Five-Year Treasury Rate will be the same interest rate determined for the prior Reset Interest Determination Date or, if the Five-Year Treasury Rate cannot be so determined as of the Reset Interest Determination Date preceding the first Interest Reset Date, then the interest rate applicable for the Interest Reset Period beginning on and including the first Interest Reset Date will be deemed to be 6.00% per annum.
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“H.15” means the daily statistical release designated as such, or any successor publication as determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion, published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
“Initial Interest Reset Date” means April 1, 2033.
“Interest Reset Date” means the Initial Interest Reset Date and each date falling on the five-year anniversary of the preceding Interest Reset Date.
“Interest Reset Period” means the period from and including the Initial Interest Reset Date to, but not including, the next following Interest Reset Date and thereafter each period from and including each Interest Reset Date to, but not including, the next following Interest Reset Date or the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be.
“Most Recent H.15” means the H.15 published closest in time but prior to the close of business on the applicable Reset Interest Determination Date.
“Reset Interest Determination Date” means, in respect of any Interest Reset Period, the day falling two Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Reset Period.
So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Company may, at its option, on one or more occasions, defer payment of all or part of the current and accrued interest otherwise due on the Series 2026A Notes by extending the interest payment period for up to ten (10) consecutive years (each period, commencing on the date that the first such interest payment would otherwise have been made, an “Optional Deferral Period”). A deferral of interest payments may not extend beyond the Stated Maturity or end on a day other than an Interest Payment Date. As provided in the Indenture, Additional Interest on the Series 2026A Notes will accrue to the extent permitted by law. No interest shall be due and payable during an Optional Deferral Period, except at the end of such Optional Deferral Period or upon a redemption of the Series 2026A Notes during such Optional Deferral Period.
So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, prior to the termination of any Optional Deferral Period, the Company may further defer the payment of interest by extending such Optional Deferral Period; provided that such Optional Deferral Period together with all such previous and further deferrals of interest payments shall not exceed ten (10) consecutive years at any one time or extend beyond the Stated Maturity. Upon the termination of any Optional Deferral Period, which shall be an Interest Payment Date, the Company shall pay all interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, to the Person in whose name the Series 2026A Notes are registered on the Regular Record Date for such Interest Payment Date, provided that interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, payable at Stated Maturity or on any Redemption Date will be paid to the Person to whom principal is payable. Once the Company pays all interest accrued and unpaid on the Series 2026A Notes, including any Additional Interest, it shall be entitled again to defer interest payments on the Series 2026A Notes as described above.
During an Optional Deferral Period, subject to the next succeeding sentence, the Company (a) shall not declare or pay any dividend or make any distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock, and (b) shall not make any payment of interest on, principal of or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities (including guarantees) issued by the Company which rank pari passu with or junior to the Series 2026A Notes. The preceding sentence, however, shall not restrict (i) any of the actions described in the preceding sentence resulting from any
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reclassification of the Company’s capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company’s capital stock for another class or series of the Company’s capital stock, (ii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company’s capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iii) dividends, payments or distributions payable in shares of capital stock, (iv) redemptions, purchases or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock in connection with any employment contract, incentive plan, benefit plan or other similar arrangement of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or in connection with a dividend reinvestment or stock purchase plan, including, without limitation, the Southern Investment Plan, (v) any declaration of a dividend in connection with implementation of any stockholders’ rights plan, or the issuance of rights, stock or other property under any such plan, or the redemption, repurchase or other acquisition of any such rights pursuant thereto, or (vi) settling conversion of any convertible notes (and any related call spread/bond hedge) that rank equally with the Series 2026A Notes.
The Company shall provide to the Trustee written notice of its selection or extension of an Optional Deferral Period at least 10 Business Days and not more than 60 Business Days prior to the earlier of (a) the next applicable Interest Payment Date or (b) the date, if any, upon which the Company is required to give notice of such Interest Payment Date or the Regular Record Date thereof to the New York Stock Exchange or any applicable self-regulatory organization. The Trustee shall forward such notice promptly to the Holders of the Series 2026A Notes.
Payment of the principal of and interest (including Additional Interest) due at the Stated Maturity or earlier redemption of the Series 2026A Notes shall be made upon surrender of the Series 2026A Notes at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. The principal of and interest on the Series 2026A Notes (including Additional Interest) shall be paid in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payment of interest (including interest on an Interest Payment Date) (including Additional Interest) will be made, subject to such surrender where applicable, at the option of the Company, (i) by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register or (ii) by wire transfer or other electronic transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Trustee at least 16 days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto.
The indebtedness evidenced by this Note, including the principal hereof and interest hereon, is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and junior in right of payment and upon liquidation to the prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness (as defined in the Indenture), and this Note is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto. Each Holder of this Note, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination so provided, and (c) appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. Each Holder hereof, by his acceptance hereof, waives all notice of the acceptance of the subordination provisions contained herein and in the Indenture by each holder of Senior Indebtedness, whether now outstanding or hereafter incurred, and waives reliance by each such holder upon said provisions.
REFERENCE IS HEREBY MADE TO THE FURTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS NOTE SET FORTH ON THE REVERSE HEREOF, WHICH FURTHER PROVISIONS SHALL FOR ALL PURPOSES HAVE THE SAME EFFECT AS IF SET FORTH AT THIS PLACE.
Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature, this Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal.
Dated:
| THE SOUTHERN COMPANY | |||||||||||
| By: | |||||||||||
| Title: | |||||||||||
| Attest: | |||||||||||
| Title: | |||||||||||
{Seal of THE SOUTHERN COMPANY appears here}
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CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
This is one of the Junior Subordinated Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
| Dated: | COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee | |||||||
| By: | ||||||||
| Authorized Signatory | ||||||||
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(Reverse Side of Note)
This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Junior Subordinated Notes of the Company (the “Notes”), issued and issuable in one or more series under a Subordinated Note Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2015, as supplemented and amended (the “Indenture”), between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures incidental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitation of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes issued thereunder and of the terms upon which said Notes are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Note is one of the series designated on the face hereof as Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Series 2026A Notes”) which is unlimited in principal amount. Capitalized terms used herein for which no definition is provided herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Indenture.
The Series 2026A Notes will not have a sinking fund.
At any time and from time to time (i) on any day in the period commencing on the date falling 90 days prior to the first Interest Reset Date and ending on and including the first Interest Reset Date and (ii) after the first Interest Reset Date, on any Interest Payment Date, the Series 2026A Notes will be subject to redemption at the option of the Company in whole or in part upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed to the Redemption Date.
In addition, if a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may redeem the Series 2026A Notes following the occurrence of that Tax Event, in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed plus any accrued but unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date.
“Administrative Action” means any judicial decision or any official administrative pronouncement, ruling, regulatory procedure, notice or announcement including any notice or announcement of intent to issue or adopt any administrative pronouncement, ruling, regulatory procedure or regulation.
“Tax Event” means that the Company shall have received an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of:
(a) any amendment to, clarification of, or change, including any announced prospective change, in the laws or treaties of the United States or any of its political subdivisions or taxing authorities, or any regulations under those laws or treaties;
(b) an Administrative Action;
(c) any amendment to, clarification of, or change in the official position or the interpretation of any Administrative Action or any interpretation or pronouncement that provides for a position with respect to an Administrative Action that differs from the previously generally accepted position, in each case by any legislative body, court, governmental authority or
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regulatory body, regardless of the time or manner in which that amendment, clarification or change is introduced or made known; or
(d) a threatened challenge asserted in writing in connection with an audit of the Company or an audit of any of the subsidiaries of the Company, or a publicly-known threatened challenge asserted in writing against any other taxpayer that has raised capital through the issuance of securities that are substantially similar to the Series 2026A Notes,
which amendment, clarification or change is effective or the Administrative Action is taken or issued, or interpretation or pronouncement is issued or threatened challenge is asserted or becomes publicly-known after the date of original issuance of the Series 2026A Notes, there is more than an insubstantial risk that interest payable by the Company on the Series 2026A Notes is not deductible, or within 90 days of the date of such opinion would not be deductible, in whole or in part, by the Company for United States federal income tax purposes.
In addition, if a Rating Agency Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may redeem the Series 2026A Notes following the occurrence of that Rating Agency Event, in whole, but not in part, upon not less than 15 nor more than 60 days’ notice at a Redemption Price equal to 102% of the principal amount to be redeemed plus any accrued but unpaid interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date.
“Applicable Rating Agency” means any Rating Agency that (i)(a) published a rating for the Company on the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes and (b) publishes a rating for the Company at such time as a Rating Agency Event occurs, or (ii) any successor to a Rating Agency described in the preceding clause (i).
“Rating Agency” means any nationally recognized statistical rating organization (within the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended).
“Rating Agency Event” means a change to the methodology or criteria that were employed by an Applicable Rating Agency for purposes of assigning equity credit to securities such as the Series 2026A Notes on the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes, which change reduces the amount of equity credit assigned to the Series 2026A Notes by the Applicable Rating Agency as compared with the amount of equity credit that such Rating Agency has assigned to the Series 2026A Notes as of the date of initial issuance of the Series 2026A Notes.
In addition, if a Tax Credit Event occurs, the Company may redeem, upon a notice of redemption not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption, the Series 2026A Notes, in whole, but not in part, at a Redemption Price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the Series 2026A Notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the Redemption Date (including any Additional Interest). A notice of redemption of the Series 2026A Notes upon the occurrence of a Tax Credit Event (i) may only be sent by the later of (a) the end of the calendar year in which the Series 2026A Notes were issued and (b) six months from the date of issuance of the Series 2026A Notes and (ii) shall be accompanied by a certificate from an officer of the Company stating that a Tax Credit Event has occurred.
A “Tax Credit Event” occurs with respect to the Series 2026A Notes if, in the Company's reasonable determination, there exists a material risk, due to the Series 2026A Notes (considered together with other debt) having been issued, as part of an original issuance, to one or more
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“specified foreign entities,” as defined in Section 7701(a)(51)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that the Company or any of its affiliates would be unable to utilize or otherwise ineligible to claim any tax credits otherwise allowed under Section 38 of the Code.
In the event of redemption of this Note in part only, a new Note or Notes of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the surrender hereof. The Series 2026A Notes will not have a sinking fund.
If an Event of Default with respect to the Notes of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Notes of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture.
The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Notes of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Notes at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Notes of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Notes of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Note shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Note.
No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and interest on this Note at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.
As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Note is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Note for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company for such purpose, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar and duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Notes of this series, of authorized denominations and of like tenor and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.
Prior to due presentment of this Note for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Note is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
The Notes of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Notes of this series are exchangeable
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for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same upon surrender of the Note or Notes to be exchanged at the office or agency of the Company.
The Company and, by acceptance of this Series 2026A Note or a beneficial interest in this Series 2026A Note, each Holder hereof and any person acquiring a beneficial interest herein, agree that for United States federal, state and local tax purposes it is intended that this Series 2026A Note constitute indebtedness.
This Note shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York.
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ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this instrument, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM- as tenants in common | UNIF GIFT MIN ACT- _______ Custodian ________ (Cust) (Minor) | |||||||
TEN ENT- as tenants by the entireties | ||||||||
JT TEN- as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common | under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act ___________________ (State) | |||||||
Additional abbreviations may also be used
though not on the above list.
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sell(s) and transfer(s) unto
_____________________________________________________________________________
(please insert Social Security or other identifying number of assignee)
_____________________________________________________________________________
PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING POSTAL ZIP CODE OF ASSIGNEE
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
the within Note and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
agent to transfer said Note on the books of the Company, with full power of substitution in the premises.
| Dated: | |||||||||||
NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within instrument in every particular without alteration or enlargement, or any change whatever.
A-11
EXHIBIT B
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
This is one of the Junior Subordinated Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
| Dated: | COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee | |||||||
| By: | ||||||||
| Authorized Signatory | ||||||||
B-1
Exhibit 5.1
[Letterhead of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP]
March 19, 2026
The Southern Company
30 Ivan Allen Jr. Blvd., N.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to The Southern Company (the “Company”) in connection with the above-referenced Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration Statement No. 333-277138) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on February 16, 2024 (the “Registration Statement”), under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), relating to $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company’s Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”). The Notes will be issued pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015 between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee (the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by the Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”).
We have examined the Registration Statement and the Indenture, which has been filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We have also examined the originals, or duplicates or certified or conformed copies, of such records, agreements, instruments and other documents and have made such other and further investigations as we have deemed relevant and necessary in connection with the opinions expressed herein. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied upon certificates of public officials and of officers and representatives of the Company.
In rendering the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as duplicates or certified or conformed copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. We have also assumed that the Indenture is the valid and legally binding obligation of the Trustee.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications and limitations stated herein, we are of the opinion that the Notes are valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, except as may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of
March 19, 2026
Page 2
equity, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity. In rendering the foregoing opinion, with respect to matters of New York law, we have relied on the opinion of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP attached hereto as Annex I.
We do not express any opinion herein concerning any law other than the law of the State of Georgia, the federal law of the United States, the Delaware General Corporation Law and, to the extent set forth herein, the law of the State of New York.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the statements with respect to our name under the heading “Legal Matters” in the prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement and the prospectus supplement relating to the Notes. In giving the foregoing consent, we do not hereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. This opinion may not be relied upon, furnished or quoted by you for any other purpose, without our prior written consent.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Troutman Pepper Locke LLP
Annex I
[Letterhead of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP]
March 19, 2026
Troutman Pepper Locke LLP
Bank of America Plaza
600 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Suite 3000
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
RE: Registration Statement on Form S‑3
To the Addressee:
We have acted as counsel to the underwriters in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration Statement No. 333-277138) (the “Registration Statement”) relating to $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of The Southern Company’s (the “Company”) Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”). The Notes will be issued pursuant to the Subordinated Note Indenture dated as of October 1, 2015 between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee (the “Trustee”), as heretofore supplemented and amended and as further supplemented by a Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 19, 2026 (collectively, the “Indenture”).
We have examined the Registration Statement and the Indenture, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We have also examined the originals, or duplicates or certified or conformed copies, of such records, agreements, instruments and other documents and have made such other and further investigations as we have deemed relevant and necessary in connection with the opinion expressed herein. As to questions of fact material to the opinion expressed herein, we have relied upon certificates of public officials and of officers and representatives of the Company.
In rendering the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as duplicates or certified or conformed copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. We have also assumed that the Indenture is the valid and legally binding obligation of the Trustee.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications and limitations stated herein, we are of the opinion that the Notes are valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, except as may be limited or otherwise affected by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity.
Troutman Pepper Locke LLP
March 19, 2026
Page 2
We do not express any opinion concerning any law other than the law of the State of New York.
This opinion letter is furnished for your benefit in connection with your rendering an opinion letter to the Company to be filed as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and we hereby consent to your attaching this opinion letter as an annex to such opinion letter. In giving our consent to your attaching this opinion letter to the opinion letter being rendered by you, we do not hereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. This opinion letter may not be relied upon, furnished or quoted by you for any other purpose, without our prior written consent.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP
Exhibit 8.1
[Letterhead of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP]
March 19, 2026
The Southern Company
30 Ivan Allen Jr. Blvd., N.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to The Southern Company, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration Statement No. 333-277138) (the “Registration Statement”), including the Prospectus dated February 16, 2024 (the “Prospectus”) included in the Registration Statement, and a Prospectus Supplement dated March 16, 2026 (the “Prospectus Supplement”), each as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”). The Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement describe the Company’s offer to sell $1,300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company’s Series 2026A 6.00% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due April 1, 2058 (the “Notes”). This opinion relates to the discussion set forth under the caption “MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS” of the Prospectus Supplement. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus Supplement.
In connection with the preparation of our opinion, we have examined such documents and other materials as we have deemed appropriate, including, but not limited to, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement. We have also examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such corporate records, officer’s certificates and other documents and have made such investigations of law as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinion expressed below. Our opinion assumes (i) the accuracy of the facts contained in the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement and other materials examined by us and (ii) the consummation of the offer to sell the Notes in the manner contemplated by, and in accordance with the terms set forth in, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, the discussion contained in the Prospectus Supplement under the caption “MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS,” subject to the limitations described therein, constitutes the opinion of Troutman Pepper Locke LLP. There can be no assurance that changes in the law will not take place that could affect such United States federal income tax consequences, or that contrary positions may not be taken by the Internal Revenue Service. In the event any of the facts, statements, descriptions, covenants, representations, warranties or assumptions upon which we have relied is incorrect, our opinion might be adversely affected and may not be relied upon.
March 19, 2026
Page 2
Our opinion expresses our view only as to United States federal income tax laws in effect as of the date hereof. The authorities upon which our opinion relies are subject to change with potential retroactive effect. Nevertheless, by rendering this opinion we undertake no responsibility to advise you of any change in United States federal income tax laws or the application or interpretation thereof that could affect our opinion.
We hereby consent to the filing of this letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to us in the Registration Statement under the caption “Legal Matters” and in the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement. By giving such consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Troutman Pepper Locke LLP