Good morning, and welcome to the Sensian Technologies Corporation 2025 Fourth Quarter and Year-End Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star, then 1 on your touchtone phone. To withdraw your question, please press star and then 2. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Tobin Tornel. Please go ahead.

Good morning and good afternoon. Welcome to Sentience Earnings Call for the fourth quarter and full year of 2025. I'm Tobin Tornel, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Sentience Technologies Corporation. I'm joined today by Paul Manning, Sentience Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer. Earlier today, we released our 2025 fourth quarter and full year results. A copy of the earnings release and the slides we'll be using during today's call are available on the Investor Relations section of our website at sentient.com. During our call today, we will reference certain non-GAAP financial measures, which remove the impact of currency movements, cost of the company's portfolio optimization plan, and other items as noted in the company's filings. We believe the removal of these items provides investors with additional information to evaluate the company's performance and improves the comparability of results between reporting periods. This also reflects how management reviews and evaluates the company's operations and performance. Non-GAAP financial results should not be considered in isolation from or a substitute for financial information calculated in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is available in our press release and slides. We encourage investors to review these reconciliations in connection with the comments we make today. I'd also like to remind everyone that comments made during this call, included responses to your questions, may include forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those that may be expressed or implied due a wide range of factors, including those set forth in our SEC filings. We urge you to read sentience SEC filings, including our 10-K to be filed later today, for a description of additional factors that could potentially impact our financial results. Please keep these factors in mind when you analyze our comments today. We'll start on slide five. Now we'll hear from Paul. Thanks, Tobin. Good morning and good afternoon.

Earlier today, we reported our fourth quarter and full year 2025 results. I'm very pleased to report for the full year of 2025, we delivered 3% local currency revenue growth, 10% local currency adjusted EBITDA growth, and 15% local currency adjusted EPS Each of our groups had adjusted local currency operating profit growth during the year. and improve their EBITDA margins. The company also improved our overall adjusted EBITDA margin by 100 basis points. Our operating and financial performance in 2025 continues to build on our multi-year strong financial performance. While some tariff-induced customer supply chain disruptions and unforeseen weather events negatively impacted our fourth quarter results, We still reported 2% local currency revenue growth and flat adjusted local currency operating profit in the fourth quarter. The Culley Group had another exceptional quarter, and the natural color conversion momentum continues to be very strong and building. Our performance this year is the direct result of our focus on sales execution and customer service as well as our broad product portfolio. We continue to prove that we are a technical leader in this specialty ingredient space, a reliable supplier to our customers, and as a result, we continue to achieve new sales wins at customers across each of our groups. Our innovative natural colors, flavors, and personal care products continue to position us for future growth and capitalize on opportunities in the markets that we operate in. This is paying off in our results. Since 2019, the company's local currency-adjusted revenue compounded annual growth rate is approximately 6%. With regard to the natural colors conversion momentum that I just mentioned, the industry continues to push forward aggressively on this activity in the United States, Canada, and parts of Latin America. I will repeat what I have stated before. This conversion to natural colors is the single largest opportunity in the company's history. and we continue our preparations to capture a substantial portion of the commercial opportunities. Over the last 15 years, we have invested considerably around the world and we have pioneered many of the industry's leading natural color technologies. We have also invested substantially in production and supply chain capacity, quality control, and our commercial organizations. I feel very good about our sales pipeline and we will continue to aggressively pursue the natural color conversion opportunities as they unfold over the next two years. We believe long-term investors are well-positioned to benefit substantially from our execution. We will continue to emphasize investment in research and development, production capacity, and a resilient supply chain in order to be ready to support our customers throughout this conversion process. Now turning to slide 7 and our group results. The color group had excellent results in 2025, delivering 7.4% local currency revenue growth and 16.9% local currency operating profit growth for the year. The group's adjusted EBITDA margin improved to 23.7% from 22.1%, an increase of 160 basis points versus the prior year. This margin improvement clearly speaks to our efforts to sell technically differentiated products, control costs, execute on our pricing strategy, and deliver quality new wins. In the fourth quarter, the group saw record new sales wins and delivered 7% local currency revenue growth, but we are still only in the early stages of natural color conversions. The group also delivered adjusted local currency operating profit growth of 7.2% in the final quarter of 2025. The color group remains in a great position for the future, and I am very pleased with the progress we are making in our sales pipeline, along with the ongoing and substantial R&D and capital investments. We expect the color group to get off to a strong start to the year in terms of revenue growth, but profit leverage will be challenged due to the investments in natural colors we are making to position ourselves for our $1 billion sales goal. Turning to slide 9, the flavors and extracts group saw a local currency revenue decline for 2025 of 1.3%, but a 3.4% increase in local currency operating profit. The group's adjusted EBITDA margin was 16.7%, up 60 basis points versus the prior year. Flavors, extracts, and flavor ingredient product lines reported 3.4% local currency revenue growth and significant local currency operating profit growth for the year. The growth in these product lines continues to be the result of our innovative flavor technologies and our emphasis on new and defensible flavor wins across North America, Europe, and Latin America. The future continues to look very bright for flavors growth in each of our regions. Focusing on the fourth quarter, the flavors and extracts group reported a revenue decline of 2.4% and adjusted local currency operating profit decline of 11.6%. The fourth quarter results were negatively impacted by severe rains in California late in the year, including what is described as an unprecedented atmospheric river event. These rains severely disrupted the harvesting activities for our agricultural ingredients business. These weather-related impacts further compounded some disruptions to our plants. Together, these issues led to a one-time inventory loss at agricultural ingredients of approximately $3 million in the quarter. Aside from these weather and production impacts, as we've stated throughout the year, our agricultural ingredients business, which consists of dehydrated onion, garlic, capsicums, and other vegetables, was also impacted by lower sales volumes and significantly higher crop costs throughout 2025. As expected, we have now reached our revenue inflection point and expect a much improved top line for agricultural ingredients in 2026. overall we expect a slower start to the year for the flavors and extracts group with strengthening revenue and profit performance as we move through 2026 now turning to slide 11 the asia pacific group delivered local currency revenue growth of 2.4 percent in 2025 and adjusted local currency operating profit growth of 3.8 percent in the year in the fourth quarter local currency revenue was down 1.9%, and local currency operating profit was flat, primarily due to supply chain disruptions caused by significant tariff activities. The group's adjusted EBITDA margin was 22.6% for the quarter, up 90 basis points versus the prior year's fourth quarter. The A-specific group is equipped to bounce back from some of the regional demand disruptions that it experienced in 2025. We expect this bounce back to be heavily weighted towards the back half of 26, as some of these disruptions linger into the first quarter, where we still expect flat revenue versus the first quarter of 2025. Turning to slide 12, I'm very pleased with the trajectory we have been on over the last six years. As we begin 2026, I expect consolidated annual local currency revenue to grow at a mid- to double-digit rate, Significant natural color conversion sales activity will drive us to the top end of this range. The color group local currency revenue growth should be in the high single-digit to double-digit range. The flavors and extracts in Asia-Pacific groups should both be in line to deliver mid-single to high single-digit revenue growth in 2026. Both flavors and extracts in Asia-Pacific will start out with flat revenue and profit in the first quarter. and will accelerate in the second quarter into the back half of the year. Based on those revenue expectations, I expect adjusted EBITDA for the company to grow at a mid-single-digit to double-digit rate and our adjusted EPS to grow at a mid-single-digit to high-single-digit rate. Overall, our profit leverage for the company will be challenged in the first half of 2026 as we forge ahead with the necessary investments in research and development, expansion of our production capacity, and supply chain investments to position us to maximize our natural color conversion opportunities. We do anticipate our natural color conversion revenue to increase substantially in Q3 and Q4. Consequently, for the company, we anticipate low single-digit to mid-single-digit consolidated local currency adjusted EBITDA growth in the first half, which will turn to high single-digit to double-digit growth in the second half. On the investment front, we are currently planning for consolidated capital expenditures of $150 million to $170 million in 2026. We expect to be north of $125 million again in 2027. Our total natural color conversion related capital expenditures are expected to be between $225 million and $250 million between 2025 and 2028, which will position us to capture the $1 billion sales goal. Beyond capital expenditures, we will continually evaluate sensible acquisition opportunities, but we do not anticipate any share buybacks during the year. We also anticipate that we will see a ramp up in our natural color inventory throughout 2026 and into 2027 as well our focus is to capitalize on the natural color opportunity with a goal to significantly improve our roic to the mid-teens as i've stated before we have approximately 100 million dollars of synthetic color revenue today that has the potential to be converted to natural colors these conversions to natural colors result in revenue multiples of approximately 10 to 1 on average to achieve similar color shade. Turning to slide 13, as we've done for the last several quarters, I would like to now highlight some of our innovative technologies. Currently shown on this slide is some information about two of our most successful natural color platforms, UberBeat and our Advanced Emulsion Technology, or AET. It is a global platform of high-performance, heat-stable beet solutions. These products allow food and beverage manufacturers across multiple segments to attain vivid red 40 synthetic light color by using natural ingredients. This platform can be utilized to achieve a variety of shades from light pink to dark red velvet and to withstand baking or high heat processing. Like many of our natural color solutions, we can provide uber beet products in many different formats from liquids to powders, and customers appreciate the performance attributes while meeting their cost-and-use targets for conversion. Next, I'd like to talk about our Advanced Emulsion Technology, or AET. This is a platform that utilizes uniquely proprietary technology to deliver vibrant, consistent, natural colors and outstanding performance across numerous applications. What makes these products unique is the ability to maintain their shade across various pH, heat, and light conditions, as well as to provide a degree of formulation stability that is unmatched in the industry. The need for strong performance across various conditions is where converting from synthetic colors to natural colors can be the most complex. Our technical and application teams are incredibly knowledgeable in assisting our customers in finding the right solution to meet their needs in the most demanding applications. In summary, our products, R&D activities, and supply chain development are centered around providing safe, consistent, and high-performing products that can be tailored to meet the needs of each customer across multiple applications. If you'd like more information on our natural color technologies, please visit our website. Overall, I'm pleased with our financial performance in 2025. I'm excited about the growth opportunities within each of our groups. Our pipeline for natural color conversions continue to build, and I grow more confident each day in our ability to achieve our sales goal. As customers continue to refine their launch timelines, we will provide updates throughout the year in our quarterly calls, a direct result of the execution of our strategy in seizing the opportunities in the markets in which we operate. Our product portfolio is strong and we remain focused on our key segments within the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care segments. Provo will now provide you with additional details

on the fourth quarter results. Thank you, Paul. In my comments this morning, I'll be explaining the differences between our GAAP results and our non-GAAP or adjusted results. The adjusted results for 2025 and 2024 remove the cost of the portfolio optimization plan. We believe that the removal of these costs produces a clearer picture of the company's performance for investors. This also reflects how management reviews the company's operations and performance. Turning to slide 15. Sentence revenue was $393.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to $376.4 million in last year's fourth quarter. Operating income was $38.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to $42 million of income in the comparable period last year. Operating income in the fourth quarter of 2025 includes $6.3 million, approximately 12 cents per share of portfolio optimization plan costs. Operating income in the fourth quarter of 2024 included $0.9 million, or approximately $0.06 per share, portfolio optimization plan costs. Excluding the cost of the portfolio optimization plan, adjusted operating income was $44.5 million in the fourth, compared to $42.9 million in the prior year period. In local currency, adjusted operating income was flat in the quarter. Interest expense was $7.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, up from $6.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. The company's consolidated adjusted tax rate was 17.1% in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to 24.9% in the comparable period of 2024. Local currency adjusted EBITDA was flat in the fourth quarter of 2025. Foreign currency translation had minimal impact in the fourth quarter of 2025. Turning to slide 16, cash flow from operations was $45 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, up from $21 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. Capital expenditures were $32 million in the fourth quarter of 2025 and $89 million for the full year. Our net debt to credit adjusted EBITDA is 2.3 times as of December 31, 2025. Overall, our balance sheet remains well positioned to support our increased capital expenditure, sensible acquisition opportunities, and our long-standing dividends. As Paul indicated, we'll continue to invest in our natural color production capabilities and capacities. These investments will remain elevated for the next few years, and we expect to drive favorable volume and profit growth for years to come with an eye on improving our ROIC. Turning to slide 17, to repeat our 2026 guidance, we expect our consolidated full-year local currency revenue growth to be mid-single-digit to double-digits. In the first half of the year, we expect mid-to-high single-digit growth, and in the second half, we expect high-to-double-digit growth. We expect our local currency adjusted EBITDA to also be up mid-single to double digits for the year with a breakdown of low single digit in the first half and double digits in the second half. We expect our local currency adjusted EPS to be up mid to high single digits in 2026 with low single digit growth in the first half and high to double digit growth in the second half. With the natural color investments Paul outlined earlier, we anticipate our debt position to increase in 2026, resulting in our interest expense for the year to be around $36 million. We expect our tax rate to be approximately 25% for the year. The natural color investments will lead to a short-term decrease in profit leverage in the first half of the year as we make these investments prior to the full realization of the natural conversion revenue. For the first quarter of 2026, we estimate that local currency-adjusted EBITDA will grow at a low single-digit rate. Interest expense will be around prior year's interest expense of approximately $7.3 million. And our consolidated tax rate will be approximately 25%. Thank you for participating in the call today. We'll now open the call up for questions.

We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star, then 1 on your touchtone phone. To withdraw your question, please press star and then 2. Our first question comes from Ganshem Punjabi with Baird. Please go ahead.

Hey, guys. Good morning. Yeah, morning, Gansom. Morning, Paul. Obviously, a lot going on. You know, maybe we could start off on that $100 million conversion opportunity you've outlined for the past several quarters at this point. How much of that, if any, converted in 2025, and what are you embedding for 2026? I'm just trying to get a sense as to what the pipeline looks like. You know, obviously, they'll be layering in as the year unfolds, as you outlined.

For the 2025, we would have invoiced on the order of about $5 million in Q3 and Q4. So that's just invoiced values. So pretty modest impact at the top line right now. There's a huge level of activity in the pipeline across a whole range of customers. And so we expect, obviously, some conversions here in Q1, Q2. I would anticipate an acceleration in those in Q3 and Q4 as the deadline and as customers self-imposed deadlines to get a little bit closer by the end of this year. So to give you a little context of what drives that timeline, to reformulate with the natural colors, it's essentially a new product launch. So if you think about a large CPG or even not such a large CPG, a mid-sized company, there's a lot that goes into formulating a product. And so in many instances, you take a CPG who's working on a product that might be on a store shelf for the last 40 or 50 years. So the idea that you would then go and change that formula presents a considerable risk to that big brand, to that big company. And so naturally, there's a lot of testing. There's a lot of formulation work that goes into this. Converting from synthetic colors to natural colors is a very complex technical evolution. It requires a lot of testing. Some of this may also require consumer testing. The brands want to ensure that the stability of the product is very good, so there may also be 6 to 12-month stability testing of the product. So you net all those things together, and you say, great. But then at the same time, there's a lot of compliance questions. How do we want to label this? We have to redo our packaging. Many consumer product good companies, when they redo packaging, that could be a 6- to 12-month evolution unto itself. And so there's an awful lot of complexity that goes into these launches. And then, of course, when you're doing this across your entire portfolio that uses synthetic colors, this is an enormous undertaking. We have observed customers where this is the work that is happening with all the folks wearing white lab coats. And so it's an enormous undertaking. It's very complex. They have to get it right. If you're a brand owner and you don't formulate this thing properly and your color looks wrong or your stability is off or there's some taste or smell associated with the product, that can have a hugely detrimental impact to your business and to your brand. So there's a lot of care that goes into these launches. And so that's what's largely impacting the timeline. And therefore, that's why I would tell you that there'll be some activity in Q1 and Q2 for the color group, more activity in the back half for sure, and then even more as we roll into 2027. Nevertheless, you're going to see really, really nice top line growth out of the color group. We feel very, very good. You'll see that right out of the gate here in Q1. I think you'll be very, very happy with the top line. So what we can expect for 2026, I think we can certainly expect to see double digits out of the color group. We may be surprised. Maybe there are more launches, but we don't want to disappoint folks. And so I don't want to give you an overly aggressive expectation because, you know, to some degree, I don't always control that when a CPG is redoing packaging. There's not a lot I can do to move that timeline. And so we want to be very, very thoughtful about what we're projecting for you. But I think you'll be very, very happy with the color group top line right out of the gate. Now, I do want to say something else about the operating leverage there, but I'll let you go on with question two, Ganshan, before I take all the air time here.

That's great. I'm looking forward to being very happy. I could use that. So the FDA changed to the no artificial color designation. How does that, you know, change the cadence in terms of conversion, if at all? And then just as you teed up, just the operating leverage associated with the investments, where exactly the investments go, and can you quantify to any material extent that, you know, we can adjust our models and keep the actual operating leverage in mind desegregating between the incremental expense?

So I think, first of all, the FDA coming out with some guidance on the labeling. I don't think that, in my opinion, that's not really going to modify the timing of any brands. That may provide a bit of clarity, perhaps, in some instances. But I don't think that's a material change in any of the timeline or launch dates. To your second question about operating leverage, I'm glad you asked that one because some folks are looking at Q4 and they're saying, well, color was up 7, but only 7% of profit. Well, we've made considerable investments throughout 2025. In order to get to the type of $1 billion sales goal I've delivered publicly and in this company, you need more technical people to work on all these projects, folks working on the formulation, the applications, troubleshooting with customers, helping customers scale these products up. Many customers have to make investments in their production plants. They have to modify their current production, which is geared towards synthetic colors, and therefore having a technical person, a process engineer as well, available to customers to help them scale up is an important consideration here. So we've made lots of investments there. We've made investments in our commercial organization. We've made and we've accelerated a lot of our R&D. Now, remember, up until about a year ago, even less than that, Natural color conversion was sort of like it was happening, but there was no real defined time frame. So you sort of manage your R&D according to that type of market. But when there's now an imposed time frame for conversions, that suddenly puts us in a position to accelerate a lot of our R&D activity. And I think throughout this year you're going to see us talking about some very, very interesting new technologies that we're introducing to the market that will be very, very exciting certainly long term for the business but even in the short term so it's these types of investments that we made and this is a principal reason why you don't see that same beautiful leverage that you saw throughout most of the year for color you certainly saw it on the year i mean we were still up about 17 on profit but in q4 you saw a little bit of that d leverage you're going to see that again here in Q1, a little bit less in Q2, a lot less in Q3, and like a lot, lot less in Q4. So the investments continue, but the revenue continues to grow very, very nicely. And, you know, I made it very clear to the team, we're going to invest very, very strongly. We are not going to be late. We are going to capture the vast majority of these conversion activities. And so I made the choice. I'm going to invest, and I'm going to show you 7% revenue and 7% profit. I could have not invested and showed you 7% revenue and probably 20% profit or so. I don't have the exact number. But I think everybody is going to be exceedingly happy that we did make these investments, and I think it's going to pay off and really allow us to execute very smartly. So all very intentional, all very acceptable from my standpoint, and I think it's going to pave the way for a really, really good 26 and 27 for the color group. Now, I think that pretty much got at your two. Is there anything else there on Gonson that we wanted to go for?

Just a clarification, and then I'll turn it over. So the investments you're making, just to give us some perspective, obviously you're ramping up spending to align with the growth opportunity, et cetera, and 26 will see part of that, especially in the first half as you outlined. Will 27 be more normalized based on what you know at this point? Or will there be flow through into 27 as well in terms of investments?

Well, I would think it would be better than normalized. I think it would be hyper leverage and revenue growth in 27. But I would tell you that even I'm looking here at a forecast and, you know, you start to see this leverage unfolding as we go through the year. that you're going to see very, very strong revenue growth throughout. That's a strong indication that you want to be seeing that we're capitalizing on these conversions. But you start to see that leverage again in the back half beginning in Q3, but it really picks up considerably in Q4. So I would fully expect that leverage to build even beyond that as we get into 27 and 2028. Okay, fantastic. Thank you. Okay, thank you.

And the next question comes from Larry Solo with CJS Security. Please go ahead.

Thanks for taking the question. Paul, can you give us a sense, you know, you spoke about increasing confidence in terms of the $100 million converting. Could you just give us a sense of, you know, it sounds like the majority of that is going to happen, it feels like, in 27. So I guess from a high level, it looks like 26 is really that cost year with a little bit of revenue coming in, but your costs are sounding like they're going to outweigh that benefit. And then at some point we'll hit an inflection point, either late this year or early next year, where the revenue starts to increase and your actual margin will go up. So it feels like your margin in colors will actually be down this year, right? Is that fair to say year over year? and then we'll start to come back up and perhaps rapidly next year? Is that a good way to look at it?

Kind of. So I would tell you that you'll probably see EBITDA margin down the first half, maybe 100 basis points or so, something like that. Nothing to worry about. Again, it really stems from these investments. As you get into the second half, right, you would start to see the EBITDA margin improve versus prior year. You know, we finished last year at an EBITDA margin here. 23.7. Yeah, 23.7. So I think you'd probably see us in that 23 or so. So we may be down 50 to 100 basis points for the year. But, again, with the revenue growth we're showing, and it could be more flattish. But I think what we've said is on the quest to get that a billion, And we're going to be in this range, this sort of 23% to 25% range throughout. You may see some, again, a little bit of a dip here in the first half, but I think the dip becomes not a dip in the second half. But we kind of remain in that ballpark, you know, 24 or so, maybe 25, maybe as low as 23 a times type EBITDA margin. But nothing to be alarmed of, and certainly a very, very healthy trend overall.

And I'm just curious. So it sounds like the demand side of the equation you have not lost any confidence in. On the cost side and the supply side, it sounds like clearly you're investing a lot, company specific. I'm curious just how, on a macro level, has the industry been trying to adapt? Like, are we seeing more crops being put out in the fields? Can you give us any kind of, you know, update or any color on that side of the equation?

Oh, yeah. No, for sure. I mean, certainly I'm not the only one to see these headlines in the industry. So there's a lot of folks out there growing products, not only that we work very closely with, and, of course, we've expanded what they would be growing. But certainly there's a number of additional players who've entered the crop growing part of this industry. And that's a really positive thing. I think I've mentioned this once before. When you look at the fully absorbed cost of a natural color, raw materials can be a considerable portion of that. And you know that because you see us manufacturing in the U.S. and Europe and places like that, and nevertheless, we remain very, very profitable. So that tells you to some degree that raw materials can be a big part of the cost. So the more growers there are, the more competition that creates, the more efficiencies that creates, the better scenario that you have. And so I would tell you that we certainly see that. We absolutely see customers have a very much better grasp on the supply chain, I think, now than certainly nine, ten months ago. But they also understand that the supply chain is not just the raw material. That's great if you have truckloads of black carrots showing up, but what are you going to do with it? And so that's the capital side of the equation, too, that I just gave you some numbers there, 225 to 250, to really capture this billion-dollar opportunity. And so a lot of investment there, Larry, and it's really very much within the Americas, but there's also activity within Europe. And so the capital piece is, I would tell you, every bit as important as securing the raw materials. And so that's just another dimension to keep in mind.

And just last question, perhaps just for Tobin. So I see, you know, you've got interest expense somewhat higher than we had thought, actually increasing like $5 million, $6 million year over year. We actually had it coming down on improved cash flow, but obviously the investments are offsetting that. So I guess can you just sort of walk us through that? Is the increased interest and higher debt, It's mostly related to the CapEx, I guess, but it does sound like you're going to have some working capital usage as well.

Yeah. Yeah, you know, overall, our leverage ratio right now is about 2.3. You know, we're guiding to about $36 million in interest, which is up $6 million, as you said, year over year, really due to the investments that Paul just outlined and the working capital investments. So you'll see our debt increase this year, but overall our leverage ratio should be below three by the end of the year in the high twos, I would say. But you'll see that you'll increase, and it's primarily due to the investments. And that's also what's impacting, you know, our EPS, which we're guiding mid to high, is because of that increased interest.

Okay. I appreciate the call. Thanks, Gus.

Thanks, Larry.

Again, if you would like to ask a question, please press star then one. Our next question comes from Nicola Tang with DNP Paribas. Please go ahead.

Hi, Ron. Hi, Nicola. Hi. A couple of questions. Firstly, sticking on the colors side, you previously referred to the legislation in West Virginia is a kind of important signpost in terms of triggering conversion in the industry. It seems like there's a lawsuit so that it might end up being a bit delayed, it seems. Have you seen any change in sort of discussions with your customers around the timing of converting given this potential delay in West Virginia? That's the first one.

I would say as a general statement, Nicola, our customers are very committed to this conversion. And it's not because necessarily of any particular law or any other particular legislation. It's really fundamentally driven now more and more by this is what the end consumer in the U.S. and Canada wants. And so I think the brands are responding very strongly to that. Obviously, what initiated this whole thing back a year ago was the West Virginia legislation, along with a lot of the changes in laws around school lunch programs in several states. And so I would tell you, if you go to the FDA website, that's a very interesting summary of many of the brands, by no means all of them, but many of the brands that are committing publicly to we are going to convert. And they're racing towards a January 1, 2028 deadline, according to what they have said. So, no, I have not seen a whole lot of wavering on that, and I think, if anything, you saw that Walmart has indicated that they want to convert even sooner than that, and so that has created a lot of activity in the market that, if anything, perhaps has moved some of those conversions to the left. And then as much as Walmart may be converting their brand sooner, that may therefore inspire brand managers at CPGs to attempt to move to the left as well so that they can be competitive with their brands. So, no, in short, I think every customer that I have visibility to and certainly have discussed is very committed to this, very committed to this timeline. It does remain to be seen how some of them plan to roll this out. Do they start with flagship products? Do they start with perhaps not flagship products? Do they do a lot? And then, you know, that is a little bit more of, again, why it's difficult for me to tell you precisely what a forecast would be. But, you know, as you're looking at the big picture here, you look at 26 and 27, I think you can see the vast majority of these things happen. And so that's the really exciting part. So I don't want folks to get particularly, hey, this quarter they'll leverage this or, oh, this interest that. I need people to pay attention to the big picture. Pay attention to what's going to happen in 2026. 2026 is going to be a fantastic year. Show me another food ingredients business that's going to grow like we're growing. And show me another food ingredients business that has the opportunity that we are presenting here and that we're being very clear about the opportunities for. And I think if you look at that for 26 and you look at that for 27 and into 28, you know, that's the story. It's very, very exciting. This is not some opaque, well, you know, maybe they'll convert. No, they're converting. And isn't that exciting? And so I think that's really the message here. So don't get, again, don't get particularly troubled by any one change of an interest rate or a leverage for one. I think that the big picture for this year is it's going to be a really, really...

On that point, I just wanted to clarify your comments on color's top-line growth. I think you mentioned in an answer to Gunsham's question, double digits. Did I hear you correct? Because I think in the prepared remarks you said high singles to double digits.

No, I think double digits, that sounds really good to me too, Nicola. That's exactly what we want you to take away here.

And double digits in your mind means 10%? Because you talked about the guidance. Two digits before the decimal.

So 10 or better. Exactly.

Right. But this year when you – or last year in 2025 when you guided to double-digit growth in local currency, but in the end you delivered 15. So I was just trying to understand, does double digits you mean 10 to 15?

Yeah, I think color we did 17, which is technically correct. That is double digits. I suppose I can get a little bit more granular on the double digits, but that tends to be what analysts would describe as a high-level problem. But I'd be happy to maybe become a little bit more granular about the doubles. But I would say at least 10, and it could be better than that. But, again, I don't want to disappoint anybody. So I think 10 is a really good base to start from.

Okay, got it. And then just maybe to give the other two divisions a bit of airtime, how confident are you in terms of an improvement in flavors and extracts and is it solely driven by the recovery and aging ingredients or do you also expect improvement on the flavor side and then I guess a similar question to Asia you talked about you know this rebound in the second half but you know what gives you confidence in a rebound other than just lapping the impact of this year

okay yeah great uh so flavors and extracts i think on the the two-thirds of the flavor group that is what we call flavors and flavor ingredients uh they were up nearly mid-single on top line but substantially on on the profit side of that ledger well above that number 10 on the profit growth there um so i i have every reason to believe that that that continues q1 I think we said that we'll be fairly flat in the flavor group for Q1 on revenue and profit, principally related order timing and things of that nature. But for the year, mid-single-digit for the flavor group, I feel very confident and comfortable with that, and that should translate to high single-digit growth on the EBITDA. Now, as you just noted, SAI, I think we are in a – we said we had a really tough 2025, and that was absolutely true. But I think we're at, as I noted in the monologue there in the beginning, we have hit that inflection point. So I think you're going to see some top-line growth out of that business this year, which will only contribute to that flavor group top-line growth. And we have a lot of work underway. We think there's a lot of cost that we can take out of that business. most notably we got our biggest crop ever which is outstanding news because as you know with agricultural products when you don't have the product you don't sell the product and i think there have been instances over the years where we just didn't have enough we were losing opportunities because we didn't have that and so we've addressed that in the process of addressing that the season ran longer and the season ran longer and we had some rather highly unusual weather events, which I would describe as one time in nature. I don't think this is going to be every Q4 we're having this conversation because we've been able to make a lot of adjustments from that. So, no, I think there's going to be a nice resumption back to the normal cadence you become accustomed to see out of the flavor group. And then similar for Asia Pacific, yeah, the whole tariff logistical nightmare there that has become the tariff policy as it pertains to sections of Asia-Pacific certainly played out. You saw that in Q4. You'll see it here again in Q1. We're going to be flat in Asia-Pacific on revenue and profit. But as we get into Q2, you're going to see return to what you've also very much become accustomed to, revenue and profit growth. What gives me confidence in that is that the businesses not impacted by that tariff are doing exceedingly well right now. And so I think once we sort of stabilize in the logistical side of things, we're going to be very, very happy with Asia Pacific, who, of course, as we noted, mid-single-digit top line, high-single-digit EBITDA for that group as well. So once again, I think we're positioned for a very nice year in that group.

Thank you. Okay, thank you. There are no further questions at this time. I will turn the conference back to the company for any closing remarks.

Okay, thank you. That concludes our call today. If you have any follow-up questions, please contact the company. Have a great day.

The conference has concluded. You may now disconnect.