Cae Inc 6-K, filed Aug 12, 2025
Cae Inc (CAE)
6-K
2025-08-12
For: 2025-06-30
View Original
Added on
April 10, 2026
About this 6-K
Cae Inc filed this 6-K on August 12, 2025.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Form 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16 OR 15D-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the month of: August 2025 Commission File Number: 1-31402
CAE INC.
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
8585 Cote de Liesse
Saint-Laurent, Quebec
Canada H4T 1G6
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:
Form 20-F ___ Form 40-F X
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
This report on Form 6-K and the exhibits hereto are specifically incorporated by reference into the registration statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-97185, 333-155366, 333-213708, 333-267775 and 333-275323), of CAE Inc.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CAE Inc.
Date: August 12, 2025 By: /s/ Mark Hounsell
Name: Mark Hounsell
Title: Chief Legal and Compliance Officer, and Corporate Secretary
EXHIBIT INDEX
99.1 Press Release
Press ReleaseCAE reports first quarter fiscal 2026 results
•Revenue of $1,098.6 million vs. $1,072.5 million in prior year
•Earnings per share (EPS) of $0.18 vs. $0.15 in prior year
•Adjusted EPS(1) of $0.21 vs. $0.21 in prior year
•Operating income of $133.8 million vs. $108.6 million in prior year
•Adjusted segment operating income(1) of $147.8 million vs. $134.2 million in prior year
•Adjusted order intake(1) of $1.1 billion and $19.5 billion adjusted backlog(1)
•Matthew Bromberg to succeed Marc Parent as CAE President and CEO on August 13, 2025
Montreal, Canada, August 12, 2025 - (NYSE: CAE; TSX: CAE) - CAE Inc. (CAE or the Company) today reported its financial results for the fiscal first quarter ended June 30, 2025.
“CAE delivered a solid first quarter, with double-digit income growth and margin expansion in Defense and continued momentum in Civil. We remain on track to capitalize on the significant opportunities ahead, supported by secular demand in civil aviation and the generational reinvestment underway in defence across NATO, including Canada’s plan to more than double its spending over the next decade,” said Calin Rovinescu, Chairman of CAE. “With a well-balanced portfolio across both civil aviation and defence, CAE is uniquely positioned to benefit from long-term structural tailwinds in both sectors. As we build on the foundation established under Marc Parent’s leadership, we are bringing a renewed focus to operational excellence, disciplined capital allocation, balance sheet strength, and translating earnings into free cash flow and higher returns on invested capital. I also want to congratulate Marc on the legacy he leaves at CAE and his lasting impact on the broader aerospace industry. At the same time, I am pleased to welcome Matt as he steps in to lead CAE’s next phase of value creation.”
CAE announced the appointment of Matthew (Matt) Bromberg to be Marc Parent's successor as the Company's next President and Chief Executive Officer and will take effect after the 2025 Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) on August 13, 2025. Mr. Bromberg is also a nominee for election to the Board. CAE also announced that following the AGM, Calin Rovinescu will become Executive Chairman of the Board and that Sophie Brochu will serve as Lead Independent Director, reflecting CAE’s commitment to strong, best-in-class governance.
“Our first quarter results reflect the dedication of our teams and the strength of our position, with solid Civil performance in a dynamic macro environment and strong execution in Defense, including significant year-over-year profitability improvement. Over the past two decades, I’ve had the privilege of helping transform CAE into the global leader it is today, and I’m incredibly proud of what we’ve accomplished," said Marc Parent, CAE's President and Chief Executive Officer. As I pass the torch, I do so with full confidence in the company’s direction and in the team’s ability to continue driving performance and delivering excellence for all stakeholders.”
“In the past few weeks of onboarding, I’ve seen first-hand the strength of CAE’s world-class team, its leading‑edge technology, and the depth of its customer relationships,” said Matthew Bromberg, CAE’s incoming President and CEO. “This is a fantastic organization with tremendous potential to build on its past successes. As I step into the role, a key focus of mine will be on translating that potential into enhanced shareholder value through a pragmatic approach to improving efficiency, operationalizing opportunities, and driving greater operational excellence in our core businesses. I also want to thank Marc for his leadership and support throughout the transition. He leaves CAE exceptionally well-positioned for the future.”
Consolidated results
First quarter fiscal 2026 revenue was $1,098.6 million, compared to $1,072.5 million in the first quarter last year. First quarter EPS was $0.18 compared to $0.15 last year. Adjusted EPS in the first quarter was $0.21, stable compared to last year.
Operating income this quarter was $133.8 million (12.2% of revenue(1)), which includes executive management transition costs of $14.0 million. This compares to $108.6 million (10.1% of revenue) last year, which included restructuring, integration and acquisition costs of $25.6 million. First quarter adjusted segment operating income was $147.8 million (13.5% of revenue(1)) compared to $134.2 million (12.5% of revenue) last year. All financial information is in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.
| Summary of consolidated results | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts) | Q1-2026 | Q1-2025 | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income(1) | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 13.5 | % | 12.5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.15 | 20 | % | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | — | % | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted order intake(1) | $ | 1,122.8 | $ | 1,192.0 | (6 | %) | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 19,484.1 | $ | 16,977.9 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||
(1) This press release includes non-IFRS financial measures, non-IFRS ratios, capital management measures and supplementary financial measures. These measures are not standardized financial measures prescribed under IFRS and therefore should not be confused with, or used as an alternative for, performance measures calculated according to IFRS. Furthermore, these measures should not be compared with similarly titled measures provided or used by other issuers. Refer to the “Non-IFRS and other financial measures” section of this press release for the definitions and a reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Civil Aviation (Civil)
First quarter Civil revenue was $607.7 million vs. $587.6 million in the first quarter last year. Operating income was $99.4 million (16.4% of revenue) compared to $89.8 million (15.3% of revenue) in the same quarter last year. Adjusted segment operating income was $107.6 million (17.7% of revenue) compared to $106.4 million (18.1% of revenue) in the first quarter last year. During the quarter, Civil delivered 8 full-flight simulators (FFSs) to customers and first quarter Civil training centre utilization was 71%.
During the quarter, Civil signed training solutions contracts valued at $511.4 million for a range of long-term commercial and business aviation training agreements, Flightscape airline operations digital solutions, and 5 FFS sales.
The Civil book-to-sales ratio(1) was 0.84 times for the quarter and 1.27 times for the last 12 months. The Civil adjusted backlog at the end of the quarter was $8.4 billion.
| Summary of Civil Aviation results | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Q1-2026 | Q1-2025 | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 607.7 | $ | 587.6 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 99.4 | $ | 89.8 | 11 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 107.6 | $ | 106.4 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| As a % of revenue | % | 17.7 | % | 18.1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted order intake | $ | 511.4 | $ | 770.5 | (34 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted backlog | $ | 8,379.8 | $ | 6,585.3 | 27 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Supplementary non-financial information | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Simulator equivalent unit | 298 | 279 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||||
FFSs in CAE’s network | 367 | 349 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| FFS deliveries | 8 | 8 | — | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate | % | 71 | % | 76 | (7 | %) | ||||||||||||||
Defense and Security (Defense)
First quarter Defense revenue was $490.9 million vs. $484.9 million in the first quarter last year. Operating income was $34.4 million (7.0% of revenue) compared to $18.8 million (3.9% of revenue) in the same quarter last year. Adjusted segment operating income was also $40.2 million (8.2% of revenue), compared to $27.8 million (5.7% of revenue) in the first quarter last year.
Defense booked orders for $611.4 million this quarter for a book-to-sales ratio of 1.25 times. The ratio for the last 12 months was 2.08 times. The Defense adjusted backlog, including unfunded contract awards and CAE’s interest in joint ventures, at the end of the quarter was $11.1 billion. Notably for the Defense segment overall, the pipeline continues to reflect a strong demand environment with some $6.0 billion of bids and proposals pending.
| Summary of Defense and Security results | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Q1-2026 | Q1-2025 | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 490.9 | $ | 484.9 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 34.4 | $ | 18.8 | 83 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 40.2 | $ | 27.8 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||
| As a % of revenue | % | 8.2 | % | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted order intake | $ | 611.4 | $ | 421.5 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted backlog | $ | 11,104.3 | $ | 10,392.6 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||
Additional financial highlights
Net finance expense this quarter was $54.6 million, down from $56.5 million in the previous quarter and up from $49.5 million in the first quarter last year. The year-over-year increase was mainly due to higher finance expense on lease liabilities in support of training network expansions and additional finance expense on borrowings to finance the SIMCOM transaction in the third quarter of last year. The increase was partially offset by lower finance expense on long-term debt due to a decreased level of borrowings during the period aligned with our ongoing deleveraging undertakings.
Income tax expense this quarter amounted to $19.0 million, representing an effective tax rate of 24%, compared to 14% for the first quarter last year. The adjusted effective tax rate(1), which is the income tax rate used to determine adjusted net income and adjusted EPS, was 24% this quarter compared to 17% in the first quarter of last year. The increase in the adjusted effective tax rate was mainly attributable to the change in the mix of income from various jurisdictions.
Net cash used in operating activities was $15.3 million for the quarter, compared to $12.9 million in the first quarter last year. Free cash flow(1) was negative $36.2 million for the quarter compared to negative $25.3 million in the first quarter last year. The decrease was mainly due to a higher investment in non-cash working capital, partially offset by higher net income adjusted for non-cash items and higher dividends received from equity accounted investees.
Growth and maintenance capital expenditures(1) totaled $106.9 million this quarter.
Net debt(1) at the end of the quarter was $3,236.1 million for a net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA(1) of 2.75 times. This compares to net debt of $3,176.7 million and a net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA of 2.77 times at the end of the preceding quarter.
Adjusted return on capital employed(1) was 7.0% this quarter compared to 7.2% last quarter and 5.7% in the first quarter last year.
During the quarter, no common shares were repurchased under our normal course issuer bid (NCIB), which began on June 10, 2025.
(1) This press release includes non-IFRS financial measures, non-IFRS ratios, capital management measures and supplementary financial measures. These measures are not standardized financial measures prescribed under IFRS and therefore should not be confused with, or used as an alternative for, performance measures calculated according to IFRS. Furthermore, these measures should not be compared with similarly titled measures provided or used by other issuers. Refer to the “Non-IFRS and other financial measures” section of this press release for the definitions and a reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Sustainability
In the first quarter of fiscal 2026, CAE released its FY25 Global Annual Activity and Sustainability Report, underscoring how climate action, ethical governance, and social impact are embedded in its core business strategy to enhance resilience, competitiveness, and stakeholder value. Despite a 10% increase in business activity, CAE maintained stable carbon emissions—demonstrating the effectiveness of its science-based decarbonization strategy and operational efficiencies.
The shadow internal carbon pricing mechanism introduced in FY25 will now be progressively integrated into capital allocation decisions, while CAE’s award-winning supplier engagement program continues to drive emissions reductions and sustainable innovation across the value chain. Under the broadened mandate of the Chief People and Sustainability Officer, CAE is aligning its people strategy with sustainability objectives—reinforcing culture, talent attraction, and employee engagement. The Company also enhanced its environmental, social and governance disclosures in alignment with Global Reporting Initiative and Sustainability Accounting Standards Board frameworks, reaffirming its commitment to transparency and long-term stakeholder value.
During the quarter, CAE advanced its Reconciliation efforts by achieving Committed Phase 2 for Partnership Accreditation in Indigenous Relations (PAIR) from the Canadian Council for Indigenous Business (CCIB), reflecting its growing commitment to respectful and empowering relationships with Indigenous communities. In recognition of its broader sustainability leadership, CAE was honoured with two global sustainability awards, including being named one of the World’s Most Sustainable Companies of 2025 by TIME magazine.
For information on CAE’s sustainability roadmap and achievements, the report can be downloaded at https://www.cae.com/sustainability/.
Management outlook
Civil
CAE’s Civil business continues to benefit from strong and durable fundamentals in a secular growth market for aviation training solutions. A key driver of this resilience is the global regulatory requirement that pilots and crew maintain certification for each aircraft type in the active commercial and business jet fleet. Worldwide regulations consistently mandate recurrent training—typically every six months—for pilots to retain their certifications. This built-in regulatory cadence provides CAE’s Civil business with a stable and recurring demand base, making it inherently less cyclical. Additional growth is driven by the ongoing need to train new pilots due to fleet expansion and retirements, as well as transition training for existing pilots moving between aircraft platforms. Business aviation training, which represents approximately half of Civil’s profitability, continues to enjoy a stable demand environment, supported by flight activity that remains well above 2019 levels. At the same time, commercial aviation training continues to be impacted by persistent supply chain constraints. Aircraft Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are experiencing record backlogs in support of future growth and fleet renewal; however, new aircraft deliveries have been metered, and groundings of existing commercial aircraft have been significant.
These temporary constraints continue to affect airline pilot hiring and related training activity. More recently, airlines have also adopted a more cautious approach to capacity planning amid macroeconomic uncertainty. Despite these near-term headwinds, demand is expected to strengthen over the long term as aircraft production and delivery rates improve, grounded aircraft return to service, and pilots continue to reach mandatory retirement age.
Reflecting short-term market dynamics and usual seasonality, CAE continues to anticipate a stronger second half for Civil in fiscal year 2026, supported by increased activity with airline customers in the U.S., stabilizing macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions, a gradual easing of aircraft supply chain constraints, and seasonally higher training demand. For the full year, Civil’s adjusted segment operating income (aSOI) is expected to grow in the mid-single-digit percentage range, which is at the lower end of the prior outlook. Annual aSOI margin is expected to remain stable. This outlook reflects the inherent resilience of Civil’s business model and incorporates a measured view of first-half performance.
Defense
Management believes CAE is exceptionally well-positioned for long-term growth and enhanced profitability in Defense, backed by an adjusted backlog exceeding $11.0 billion and a prolonged up-cycle driven by rising defence budgets across NATO and allied nations—many of which are now targeting defence spending levels approaching 5% of GDP. In Canada in particular, the federal government recently announced that the country will achieve NATO’s 2% of GDP defence spending target in the current fiscal year, at least five years ahead of schedule, and is now committing to a new target of 5% by 2035. Escalating geopolitical tensions, focusing militaries on peer threats, modernization, and readiness, are fueling robust demand for CAE’s training and simulation solutions. A global shortage of uniformed personnel further amplifies this demand prompting armed forces to partner with CAE to sustain operational readiness.
With the Defense foundation now solidified, evidenced by significant margin improvement driven by last fiscal year’s high-cadence, high-quality execution, management expects low-double-digit percentage annual aSOI growth and an annual aSOI margin in the 8% to 8.5% range in fiscal 2026.
Free cash flow
CAE’s business is highly cash-generative and following a significant multiyear investment cycle, management anticipates strong free cash flow in fiscal 2026, driven by robust operating cash flows, lower investments including capital expenditures, and further optimization of non-cash working capital. This performance is expected to translate into a conversion rate of approximately 150% of adjusted net income attributable to the Company’s equity holders for this fiscal year—and beyond.
Finance expense and tax expense
Management expects quarterly run-rate finance expense of approximately $55 million on higher lease expense related to recently opened training centres in its global training network in support of growth and additional finance expense on borrowings to finance the SIMCOM transaction. The annual effective income tax rate is expected to be approximately 25%, considering the income expected from various jurisdictions and the implementation of global minimum tax policies.
Balanced capital allocation priorities, accretive growth investments
The Company expects total capital expenditures in fiscal 2026 to be modestly lower than fiscal 2025, which totaled $356.2 million. Most of this relates to organic growth investments in simulator capacity to be deployed to CAE’s global network of aviation training centres and backed by multiyear customer contracts.
Solid financial position
A tenet of CAE’s capital management priorities includes the maintenance of a solid financial position, and it expects to continue to bolster its balance sheet through ongoing deleveraging, commensurate with its investment grade profile. Having met its fiscal 2025 leverage target, CAE now expects to reach a net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA ratio of two-and-a-half times (2.5x) by fiscal year-end.
Current returns to shareholders
A NCIB was established in fiscal 2025 as part of CAE’s capital management strategy and is intended to be used opportunistically over time with excess free cash flow.
Trade tariffs impact
CAE remains relatively well insulated from direct tariff impacts. Approximately 70% of the Company’s revenues come from services delivered within our customers’ own countries, which significantly limits exposure to cross-border trade tariffs—particularly for products sold into the U.S. Furthermore, CAE’s flagship product, the FFS, is exempt from tariffs under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement. With approximately one-third of CAE’s workforce based in the U.S., a substantial operational footprint, and a significant proportion of U.S.-sourced components in its bill of materials, CAE has the operational flexibility to effectively manage residual tariff-related risk.
Caution concerning outlook
Management’s outlook for fiscal 2026 and the above targets and expectations constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws, and are based on a number of assumptions, including in relation to prevailing market conditions, macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, supply chains and labor markets. Expectations are also subject to a number of risks and uncertainties and based on assumptions about customer receptivity to CAE’s training solutions and operational support solutions as well as material assumptions contained in this press release, quarterly Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) and in CAE’s fiscal 2025 MD&A, all available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.SEDARplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov). Please see the sections below entitled: “Caution concerning forward-looking statements”, “Material assumptions” and “Material risks”.
Detailed information
Readers are strongly advised to view a more detailed discussion of our results by segment in the MD&A and CAE’s consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, which are available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.SEDARplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov). Holders of CAE’s securities may also request a printed copy of the Company's consolidated financial statements and MD&A free of charge by contacting Investor Relations (investor.relations@cae.com).
Conference call Q1 FY2026
Calin Rovinescu, Chair of the Board, Corporate Director; Marc Parent, CAE President and CEO; Matthew Bromberg, incoming CEO; Nick Leontidis, COO; Constantino Malatesta, interim CFO; and Andrew Arnovitz, Senior Vice President, Investor Relations and Enterprise Risk Management, will conduct an earnings conference call tomorrow at 8:00 a.m. ET. The call is intended for analysts, institutional investors and the media. Participants can listen to the conference by dialing +1-800-206-4400. The conference call will also be audio webcast live at www.cae.com.
About CAE
At CAE, we exist to make the world safer. We deliver cutting-edge training, simulation, and critical operations solutions to prepare aviation professionals and defence forces for the moments that matter. Every day, we empower pilots, cabin crew, maintenance technicians, airlines, business aviation operators, and defence and security personnel to perform at their best and when the stakes are the highest. Around the globe, we’re everywhere customers need us to be with approximately 13,000 employees at around 240 sites and training locations in over 40 countries. For nearly 80 years, CAE has been at the forefront of innovation, consistently seeking to set the standard by delivering excellence in high-fidelity flight simulators and training solutions, while embedding sustainability at the heart of everything we do. By harnessing technology and enhancing human performance, we strive to be the trusted partner in advancing safety and mission readiness—today and tomorrow.
Caution concerning limitations of summary earnings press release
This summary earnings press release contains limited information meant to assist the reader in assessing CAE’s performance, but it is not a suitable source of information for readers who are unfamiliar with CAE and is not in any way a substitute for the Company’s financial statements, notes to the financial statements, and MD&A reports.
Caution concerning forward-looking statements
This press release includes forward-looking statements about our activities, events and developments that we expect to or anticipate may occur in the future including, for example, statements about our vision, strategies, market trends and outlook, future revenues, earnings, cash flow growth, profit trends, growth capital spending, expansions and new initiatives, including initiatives that pertain to sustainability matters, financial obligations, available liquidities, expected sales, general economic and political outlook, inflation trends, prospects and trends of an industry, expected annual recurring cost savings from operational excellence programs, our management of the supply chain, estimated addressable markets, demands for CAE’s products and services, our access to capital resources, our financial position, the expected accretion in various financial metrics, the expected capital returns to shareholders, our business outlook, business opportunities, objectives, development, plans, growth strategies and other strategic priorities, our competitive and leadership position in our markets, the expansion of our market shares, CAE's ability and preparedness to respond to demand for new technologies, the sustainability of our operations, our ability to retire the Legacy Contracts as expected and to manage and mitigate the risks associated therewith, the impact of the retirement of the Legacy Contracts, and other statements that are not historical facts.
Since forward-looking statements and information relate to future events or future performance and reflect current expectations or beliefs regarding future events, they are typically identified by words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “likely”, “may”, “plan”, “seek”, “should”, “will”, “strategy”, “future” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding an outlook. All such statements constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
By their nature, forward-looking statements require us to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties associated with our business which may cause actual results in future periods to differ materially from results indicated in forward-looking statements. While these statements are based on management’s expectations and assumptions regarding historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors that we believe are reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as there is a risk that they may not be accurate. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release describe our expectations as of August 12, 2025 and, accordingly, are subject to change after such date. Except as required by law, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The forward-looking information and statements contained in this press release are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement. In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this press release. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements. Except as otherwise indicated by CAE, forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any special items or of any dispositions, monetizations, mergers, acquisitions, other business combinations or other transactions that may occur after August 12, 2025. The financial impact of these transactions and special items can be complex and depends on the facts particular to each of them. We therefore cannot describe the expected impact in a meaningful way or in the same way we present known risks affecting our business. Forward-looking statements are presented in this press release for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding certain key elements of our expected fiscal 2026 financial results and in obtaining a better understanding of our anticipated operating environment. Readers are cautioned that such information may not be appropriate for other purposes.
Material assumptions
The forward-looking statements set out in this press release are based on certain assumptions including, without limitation: the prevailing market conditions, geopolitical instability including the rapidly evolving trade and tariff environment, the customer receptivity to our training and operational support solutions, the accuracy of our estimates of addressable markets and market opportunity, the realization of anticipated annual recurring cost savings and other intended benefits from restructuring initiatives and operational excellence programs, the ability to respond to anticipated inflationary pressures and our ability to pass along rising costs through increased prices, the actual impact to supply, production levels, and costs from global supply chain logistics challenges, the stability of foreign exchange rates, the ability to hedge exposures to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates, the availability of borrowings to be drawn down under, and the utilization, of one or more of our senior credit agreements, our available liquidity from cash and cash equivalents, undrawn amounts on our revolving credit facility, the balance available under our receivable purchase facility, the assumption that our cash flows from operations and continued access to debt funding will be sufficient to meet financial requirements in the foreseeable future, access to expected capital resources within anticipated timeframes, no material financial, operational or competitive consequences from changes in regulations affecting our business, our ability to retain and attract new business, our ability to effectively execute and retire the remaining Legacy Contracts while managing the risks associated therewith, our ability to defend our position in the dispute with the buyer of the CAE Healthcare business, and the realization of the expected strategic, financial and other benefits of the increase of our ownership stake in SIMCOM Aviation Training in the timeframe anticipated. Air travel is a major driver for CAE's business and management relies on analysis from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to inform its assumptions about the rate and profile of growth in its key civil aviation market. Accordingly, the assumptions outlined in this press release and, consequently, the forward‑looking statements based on such assumptions, may turn out to be inaccurate. For additional information, including with respect to other assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements made in this press release, refer to Section 11 “Business risk and uncertainty” of our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025 available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.SEDARplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov).
Material risks
Important risks that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by our forward-looking statements are set out in CAE’s MD&A for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and MD&A for the three months ended June 30, 2025, available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.SEDARplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov). Readers are cautioned that any of the disclosed risks could have a material adverse effect on our forward-looking statements. We caution that the disclosed list of risk factors is not exhaustive and other factors could also adversely affect our results.
Non-IFRS and other financial measures
This press release includes non-IFRS financial measures, non-IFRS ratios, capital management measures and supplementary financial measures. These measures are not standardized financial measures prescribed under IFRS and therefore should not be confused with, or used as an alternative for, performance measures calculated according to IFRS. Furthermore, these measures should not be compared with similarly titled measures provided or used by other issuers. Management believes that these measures provide additional insight into our operating performance and trends and facilitate comparisons across reporting periods.
Certain non-IFRS and other financial measures are provided on a consolidated basis and separately for each of our segments (Civil Aviation and Defense and Security) since we analyze their results and performance separately.
Reconciliations and calculations of non-IFRS measures to the most directly comparable measures under IFRS are also set forth below in the section “Reconciliations and Calculations of this press release”.
Performance measures
Gross profit margin (or gross profit as a % of revenue)
Gross profit margin is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing our gross profit by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Operating income margin (or operating income as a % of revenue)
Operating income margin is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing our operating income by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Adjusted segment operating income or loss
Adjusted segment operating income or loss is a non-IFRS financial measure that gives us an indication of the profitability of each segment because it does not include the impact of any items not specifically related to the segment’s performance. We calculate adjusted segment operating income by taking operating income and adjusting for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of the MD&A for the period ended June 30, 2025 and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non-financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We track adjusted segment operating income because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods. Adjusted segment operating income on a consolidated basis is a total of segments measure since it is the profitability measure employed by management for making decisions about allocating resources to segments and assessing segment performance.
Adjusted segment operating income margin (or adjusted segment operating income as a % of revenue)
Adjusted segment operating income margin is a non-IFRS ratio calculated by dividing our adjusted segment operating income by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Adjusted effective tax rate
Adjusted effective tax rate is a supplementary financial measure that represents the effective tax rate on adjusted net income or loss. It is calculated by dividing our income tax expense by our earnings before income taxes, adjusting for the same items used to determine adjusted net income or loss. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of the impact of changes in income tax rates and the mix of income on our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Adjusted net income or loss
Adjusted net income or loss is a non-IFRS financial measure we use as an alternate view of our operating results. We calculate it by taking our net income attributable to equity holders of the Company from continuing operations and adjusting for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events, after tax, as well as significant one-time tax items. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of the MD&A for the period ended June 30, 2025 and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), , the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024), and the impairment of technology and other non-financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) . We track adjusted net income because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Adjusted earnings or loss per share (EPS)
Adjusted earnings or loss per share is a non-IFRS ratio calculated by dividing adjusted net income or loss by the weighted average number of diluted shares. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance on a per share basis and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
EBITDA is a non-IFRS financial measure which comprises net income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes, finance expense – net, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA further adjusts for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of the MD&A for the period ended June 30, 2025 and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non-financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We use EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our operating performance, by eliminating the impact of non-operational or non-cash items.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow is a non-IFRS financial measure that shows us how much cash we have available to invest in growth opportunities, repay debt and meet ongoing financial obligations. We use it as an indicator of our financial strength and liquidity. We calculate it by taking the net cash generated by our continuing operating activities, subtracting maintenance capital expenditures, intangible assets expenditures excluding capitalized development costs, other investing activities not related to growth and dividends paid and adding proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment, dividends received from equity accounted investees and proceeds, net of payments, from equity accounted investees.
Liquidity and capital structure measures
Adjusted return on capital employed (ROCE)
Adjusted ROCE is a non-IFRS ratio calculated over a rolling four-quarter period by taking net income attributable to equity holders of the Company from continuing operations adjusting for net finance expense, after tax, restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events divided by the average capital employed from continuing operations. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of the MD&A for the period ended June 30, 2025 and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non-financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We use adjusted ROCE to evaluate the profitability of our invested capital.
Net debt
Net debt is a capital management measure we use to monitor how much debt we have after taking into account cash and cash equivalents. We use it as an indicator of our overall financial position, and calculate it by taking our total long-term debt, including the current portion of long-term debt, and subtracting cash and cash equivalents.
Net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA
Net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA are non-IFRS ratios calculated as net debt divided by the last twelve months EBITDA (or adjusted EBITDA). We use net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA because they reflect our ability to service our debt obligations.
Maintenance and growth capital expenditures
Maintenance capital expenditure is a supplementary financial measure we use to calculate the investment needed to sustain the current level of economic activity. Growth capital expenditure is a supplementary financial measure we use to calculate the investment needed to increase the current level of economic activity. The sum of maintenance capital expenditures and growth capital expenditures represents our total property, plant and equipment expenditures.
Growth measures
Adjusted order intake
Adjusted order intake is a supplementary financial measure that represents the expected value of orders we have received:
–For the Civil Aviation segment, we consider an item part of our adjusted order intake when we have a legally binding commercial agreement with a client that includes enough detail about each party’s obligations to form the basis for a contract. Additionally, expected future revenues from customers under short-term and long-term training contracts are included when these customers commit to pay us training fees, or when we reasonably expect the revenue to be generated;
–For the Defense and Security segment, we consider an item part of our adjusted order intake when we have a legally binding commercial agreement with a client that includes enough detail about each party’s obligations to form the basis for a contract. Defense and Security contracts are usually executed over a long-term period but some of them must be renewed each year. For this segment, we only include a contract item in adjusted order intake when the customer has authorized the contract item and has received funding for it.
Adjusted backlog
Adjusted backlog is a supplementary financial measure that represents expected future revenues and includes obligated backlog, joint venture backlog and unfunded backlog and options:
–Obligated backlog represents the value of our adjusted order intake not yet executed and is calculated by adding the adjusted order intake of the current period to the balance of the obligated backlog at the end of the previous fiscal year, subtracting the revenue recognized in the current period and adding or subtracting backlog adjustments. If the amount of an order already recognized in a previous fiscal year is modified, the backlog is revised through adjustments;
–Joint venture backlog is obligated backlog that represents the expected value of our share of orders that our joint ventures have received but have not yet executed. Joint venture backlog is determined on the same basis as obligated backlog described above, but excludes any portion of orders that have been directly subcontracted to a CAE subsidiary, which are already reflected in the determination of obligated backlog;
–Unfunded backlog represents legally binding Defense and Security orders with the U.S. government that we have received but have not yet executed and for which funding authorization has not yet been obtained. The uncertainty relates to the timing of the funding authorization, which is influenced by the government’s budget cycle, based on a September year-end. Options are included in adjusted backlog when there is a high probability of being exercised, which we define as at least 80% probable, but multi-award indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (ID/IQ) contracts are excluded. When an option is exercised, it is considered adjusted order intake in that period, and it is removed from unfunded backlog and options.
Book-to-sales ratio
The book-to-sales ratio is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing adjusted order intake by revenue in a given period. We use it to monitor the level of future growth of the business over time.
Supplementary non-financial information definitions
Full-flight simulators (FFSs) in CAE's network
A FFS is a full-size replica of a specific make, model and series of an aircraft cockpit, including a motion system. In our count of FFSs in the network, we generally only include FFSs that are of the highest fidelity and do not include any fixed based training devices, or other lower-level devices, as these are typically used in addition to FFSs in the same approved training programs.
Simulator equivalent unit (SEU)
SEU is a measure we use to show the total average number of FFSs available to generate earnings during the period. For example, in the case of a 50/50 flight training joint venture, we will report only 50% of the FFSs under this joint venture as a SEU. If a FFS is being powered down and relocated, it will not be included as a SEU until the FFS is re-installed and available to generate earnings.
Utilization rate
Utilization rate is a measure we use to assess the performance of our Civil simulator training network. While utilization rate does not perfectly correlate to revenue recognized, we track it, together with other measures, because we believe it is an indicator of our operating performance. We calculate it by taking the number of training hours sold on our simulators during the period divided by the practical training capacity available for the same period.
Reconciliations and Calculations
Reconciliation of adjusted segment operating income
| Defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Civil Aviation | and Security | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 99.4 | $ | 89.8 | $ | 34.4 | $ | 18.8 | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 16.6 | — | 9.0 | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 8.2 | — | 5.8 | — | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 107.6 | $ | 106.4 | $ | 40.2 | $ | 27.8 | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | ||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of adjusted net income and adjusted EPS
| Three months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, after tax | — | 19.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive management transition costs, after tax | 10.3 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net income | $ | 67.5 | $ | 67.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (diluted) | 321.1 | 318.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EPS | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | |||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of adjusted effective tax rate
| Three months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except effective tax rates) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 79.2 | $ | 59.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 25.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive management transition costs | 14.0 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted earnings before income taxes | $ | 93.2 | $ | 84.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | 19.0 | $ | 8.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 6.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on impairments and other gains and losses arising | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| from significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on gain on executive management transition costs | 3.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted income tax expense | $ | 22.7 | $ | 14.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | % | 24 | % | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted effective tax rate | % | 24 | % | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of free cash flow
| Three months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities* | $ | 189.2 | $ | 127.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in non-cash working capital | (204.5) | (140.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (15.3) | $ | (12.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maintenance capital expenditures | (27.1) | (19.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets expenditures excluding capitalized development costs | (3.7) | (5.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment | 5.1 | 1.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (payments to) proceeds from equity accounted investees | (13.1) | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends received from equity accounted investees | 20.1 | 10.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other investing activities | (2.2) | 0.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Free cash flow | $ | (36.2) | $ | (25.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * before changes in non-cash working capital | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA
| Last twelve months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except net debt-to-EBITDA ratios) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 754.4 | $ | (205.1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 430.6 | 376.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 1,185.0 | $ | 171.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | 30.9 | 142.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 22.3 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM | (72.6) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholder matters | 10.6 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill | — | 568.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of technology and other non-financial assets | — | 35.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 1,176.2 | $ | 917.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt | $ | 3,236.1 | $ | 3,129.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt-to-EBITDA | 2.73 | 18.24 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA | 2.75 | 3.41 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of capital employed and net debt
| As at June 30 | As at March 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of capital: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | $ | 1,996.4 | $ | 2,143.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: cash and cash equivalents | (171.2) | (293.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | (2,306.5) | (2,686.5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: current portion of long-term debt | 250.2 | 399.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash working capital | $ | (231.1) | $ | (437.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment | 2,962.6 | 2,989.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets | 3,730.0 | 3,871.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term assets | 2,189.7 | 2,209.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | (424.0) | (479.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital employed | $ | 8,227.2 | $ | 8,152.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source of capital: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | $ | 250.2 | $ | 399.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 3,157.1 | 3,071.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: cash and cash equivalents | (171.2) | (293.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt | $ | 3,236.1 | $ | 3,176.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company | 4,907.8 | 4,891.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 83.3 | 84.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital employed | $ | 8,227.2 | $ | 8,152.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
For non-IFRS and other financial measures monitored by CAE, and a reconciliation of such measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS, please refer to Section 9 of CAE’s MD&A for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (which is incorporated by reference into this press release) available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.SEDARplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov).
Consolidated Income Statement
| (Unaudited) | Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 790.3 | 793.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 308.3 | $ | 278.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | 36.7 | 35.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 159.4 | 133.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (gains) and losses | — | (0.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of after-tax profit of equity accounted investees | (21.6) | (24.0) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance expense – net | 54.6 | 49.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 79.2 | $ | 59.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 19.0 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 3.0 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
| (Unaudited) | Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Items that may be reclassified to net income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange differences on translation of foreign operations | $ | (218.8) | $ | 51.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on hedges of net investment in foreign operations | 112.9 | (19.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification to income of gains on foreign currency exchange differences | (1.7) | (0.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on cash flow hedges | 18.8 | (6.8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification to income of (gains) losses on cash flow hedges | (1.3) | 3.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | (4.7) | (1.0) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (94.8) | $ | 27.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Items that will never be reclassified to net income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement of defined benefit pension plan obligations | $ | 26.7 | $ | 2.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | (7.1) | (0.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 19.6 | $ | 1.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (75.2) | $ | 29.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (15.0) | $ | 80.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | (16.0) | $ | 77.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 1.0 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
| (Unaudited) | June 30 | March 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | 2025 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 171.2 | $ | 293.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 537.7 | 612.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract assets | 491.9 | 482.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories | 616.4 | 595.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepayments | 88.7 | 78.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes recoverable | 62.4 | 59.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets | 28.1 | 23.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total current assets | $ | 1,996.4 | $ | 2,143.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment | 2,962.6 | 2,989.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | 771.3 | 788.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets | 3,730.0 | 3,871.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in equity accounted investees | 564.4 | 559.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits assets | 11.9 | 11.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | 177.8 | 191.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets | 9.1 | 1.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | 655.2 | 657.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,878.7 | $ | 11,213.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 965.9 | $ | 1,190.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provisions | 28.4 | 34.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | 19.6 | 18.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | 1,020.9 | 1,001.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 250.2 | 399.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial liabilities | 21.5 | 42.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | $ | 2,306.5 | $ | 2,686.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provisions | 14.0 | 14.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 3,157.1 | 3,071.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits obligations | 112.9 | 134.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 38.9 | 40.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial liabilities | 4.0 | 22.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | 254.2 | 268.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 5,887.6 | $ | 6,237.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share capital | $ | 2,339.3 | $ | 2,327.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Contributed surplus | 89.9 | 69.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 289.0 | 381.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | 2,189.6 | 2,112.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 4,907.8 | $ | 4,891.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 83.3 | 84.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total equity | $ | 4,991.1 | $ | 4,976.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 10,878.7 | $ | 11,213.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
| (Unaudited) | Attributable to equity holders of the Company | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30, 2025 | Common shares | Accumulated other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, | Number of | Stated | Contributed | comprehensive | Retained | Non-controlling | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| except number of shares) | shares | value | surplus | income | earnings | Total | interests | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at March 31, 2025 | 320,265,108 | $ | 2,327.1 | $ | 69.8 | $ | 381.8 | $ | 2,112.8 | $ | 4,891.5 | $ | 84.5 | $ | 4,976.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 57.2 | $ | 57.2 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 60.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | — | — | — | (92.8) | 19.6 | (73.2) | (2.0) | (75.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (92.8) | $ | 76.8 | $ | (16.0) | $ | 1.0 | $ | (15.0) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 348,020 | 12.2 | (2.2) | — | — | 10.0 | — | 10.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of equity-settled awards | 817 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense, after tax | — | — | 22.3 | — | — | 22.3 | — | 22.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transactions with non-controlling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2.2) | (2.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at June 30, 2025 | 320,613,945 | $ | 2,339.3 | $ | 89.9 | $ | 289.0 | $ | 2,189.6 | $ | 4,907.8 | $ | 83.3 | $ | 4,991.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30, 2024 | Common shares | Accumulated other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, | Number of | Stated | Contributed | comprehensive | Retained | Non-controlling | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| except number of shares) | shares | value | surplus | income | earnings | Total | interests | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at March 31, 2024 | 318,312,233 | $ | 2,252.9 | $ | 55.4 | $ | 154.0 | $ | 1,762.6 | $ | 4,224.9 | $ | 77.7 | $ | 4,302.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 48.3 | $ | 48.3 | $ | 2.5 | $ | 50.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | 27.3 | 1.7 | 29.0 | 0.5 | 29.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 27.3 | $ | 50.0 | $ | 77.3 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 80.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 965,075 | 24.2 | (3.0) | — | — | 21.2 | — | 21.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of equity-settled awards | 34,917 | 1.0 | (1.0) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of common shares | (463,500) | (3.3) | — | — | (8.4) | (11.7) | — | (11.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense, after tax | — | — | 16.3 | — | — | 16.3 | — | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at June 30, 2024 | 318,848,725 | $ | 2,274.8 | $ | 67.7 | $ | 181.3 | $ | 1,804.2 | $ | 4,328.0 | $ | 80.7 | $ | 4,408.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
| (Unaudited) | Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments for: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 113.7 | 97.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Share of after-tax profit of equity accounted investees | (21.6) | (24.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 6.3 | (5.6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment tax credits | (4.6) | (5.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense | 19.5 | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Defined benefit pension plans | 5.0 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | — | (2.6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets and liabilities – net | 2.9 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 7.8 | (5.8) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in non-cash working capital | (204.5) | (140.1) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (15.3) | $ | (12.9) | ||||||||||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures | $ | (106.9) | $ | (92.6) | ||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment | 5.1 | 1.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets expenditures | (22.4) | (28.6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net (payments to) proceeds from equity accounted investees | (13.1) | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends received from equity accounted investees | 20.1 | 10.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other | (3.4) | 0.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (120.6) | $ | (108.6) | ||||||||||||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from borrowing under revolving credit facilities | $ | 157.8 | $ | 119.6 | ||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from long-term debt | 75.3 | 10.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | (207.6) | (25.1) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of lease liabilities | (15.8) | (13.8) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from the issuance of common shares | 10.0 | 21.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of common shares | — | (11.7) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other | (1.3) | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 18.4 | $ | 100.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents | $ | (5.0) | $ | 3.9 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (122.5) | $ | (16.9) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 293.7 | 160.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 171.2 | $ | 143.2 | ||||||||||||||||
ABOUT CAE
At CAE, we exist to make the world safer. We deliver cutting-edge training, simulation, and critical operations solutions to prepare aviation professionals and defence forces for the moments that matter. Every day, we empower pilots, cabin crew, maintenance technicians, airlines, business aviation operators, and defence and security personnel to perform at their best and when the stakes are the highest. Around the globe, we’re everywhere customers need us to be with approximately 13,000 employees at around 240 sites and training locations in over 40 countries. For nearly 80 years, CAE has been at the forefront of innovation, consistently seeking to set the standard by delivering excellence in high-fidelity flight simulators and training solutions, while embedding sustainability at the heart of everything we do. By harnessing technology and enhancing human performance, we strive to be the trusted partner in advancing safety and mission readiness—today and tomorrow.
Read our FY25 Global Annual Activity and Sustainability Report (https://www.cae.com/sustainability/sustainability-program)
Contacts
General Media:
Samantha Golinski, Vice President, Public Affairs & Global Communications, +1-438-805-5856, samantha.golinski@cae.com
Investor Relations:
Andrew Arnovitz, Senior Vice President, Investor Relations and Enterprise Risk Management, +1-514-734-5760, andrew.arnovitz@cae.com
Table of Contents | ||||||||
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | ||||||||
| 1. | Highlights | |||||||
| 2. | ||||||||
| 3. | ||||||||
| 4. | ||||||||
| 5. | ||||||||
| 6. | ||||||||
| 7. | ||||||||
| 8. | ||||||||
| 9. | Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information | |||||||
| 10. | ||||||||
| 11. | ||||||||
| Consolidated Interim Financial Statements | ||||||||
| Consolidated income statement | ||||||||
| Consolidated statement of comprehensive income | ||||||||
| Consolidated statement of financial position | ||||||||
| Consolidated statement of changes in equity | ||||||||
| Consolidated statement of cash flows | ||||||||
| Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements | ||||||||
| Note 1 - Nature of operations and summary of material accounting policies | ||||||||
| Note 2 - Operating segments and geographic information | ||||||||
| Note 3 - Debt facilities and finance expense - net | ||||||||
| Note 4 - Share capital and earnings per share | ||||||||
| Note 5 - Supplementary cash flows information | ||||||||
| Note 6 - Fair value of financial instruments | ||||||||
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
for the three months ended June 30, 2025
1. HIGHLIGHTS
FINANCIAL
FIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 2026
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts, adjusted ROCE, net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA and book-to-sales ratio) | Q1-2026 | Q1-2025 | Variance $ | Variance % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | $ | 26.1 | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | $ | 25.2 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income(1) | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | $ | 13.6 | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | $ | 8.9 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.03 | 20 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | $ | — | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (15.3) | $ | (12.9) | $ | (2.4) | (19 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
Free cash flow(1) | $ | (36.2) | $ | (25.3) | $ | (10.9) | (43 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidity and Capital Structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital employed(1) | $ | 8,227.2 | $ | 7,538.4 | $ | 688.8 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted return on capital employed (ROCE)(1) | % | 7.0 | % | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA(1) | 2.75 | 3.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Growth | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted order intake(1) | $ | 1,122.8 | $ | 1,192.0 | $ | (69.2) | (6 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 19,484.1 | $ | 16,977.9 | $ | 2,506.2 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Book-to-sales ratio(1) | 1.02 | 1.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Book-to-sales ratio(1) for the last 12 months | 1.61 | 1.19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
LEADERSHIP CHANGES
On June 2, 2025, we announced that at the conclusion of a rigorous global selection process, the Board, on the advice of the Company’s CEO Search Committee, unanimously appointed Matthew Bromberg as President and Chief Executive Officer of CAE, effective August 13, 2025. Mr. Bromberg joined CAE on June 16, 2025 as Incoming President and CEO, working closely with Mr. Parent throughout the transition to ensure continuity and a smooth handover of leadership responsibilities. Concurrently with Mr. Bromberg’s appointment, and subject to their election at the Company's Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders, Calin Rovinescu will become Executive Chairman of the Board and Sophie Brochu will become Lead Independent Director.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 1
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
2. INTRODUCTION
In this management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A), we, us, our, CAE and Company refer to CAE Inc. and its subsidiaries. Unless we have indicated otherwise:
–This year and 2026 mean the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026;
–Last year, prior year and a year ago mean the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025;
–Dollar amounts are in Canadian dollars.
This MD&A was prepared as of August 12, 2025. It is intended to enhance the understanding of our unaudited consolidated interim financial statements and notes for the first quarter ended June 30, 2025 and should therefore be read in conjunction with this document and our annual audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025. We have prepared it to help you understand our business, performance and financial condition for the first quarter of fiscal 2026. Except as otherwise indicated, all financial information has been reported in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and based on unaudited figures.
For additional information, please refer to our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025 which provides you with a view of CAE as seen through the eyes of management and helps you understand the Company from a variety of perspectives:
–Our purpose, mission and vision;
–Our strategy;
–Our operations;
–Foreign exchange;
–Consolidated results;
–Results by segment;
–Consolidated cash movements and liquidity;
–Consolidated financial position;
–Business combinations;
–Discontinued operations;
–Business risk and uncertainty;
–Compensation of key management personnel;
–Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information;
–Changes in accounting policies;
–Internal control over financial reporting;
–Oversight role of Audit Committee and Board of Directors (the Board).
You will find our most recent financial report and Annual Information Form (AIF) on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.sedarplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov). Holders of CAE’s securities may also request a printed copy of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and MD&A free of charge by contacting Investor Relations (investor.relations@cae.com).
NON-IFRS AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES
This MD&A includes non-IFRS financial measures, non-IFRS ratios, capital management measures and supplementary financial measures. These measures are not standardized financial measures prescribed under IFRS and therefore should not be confused with, or used as an alternative for, performance measures calculated according to IFRS. Furthermore, these measures should not be compared with similarly titled measures provided or used by other issuers. Management believes that these measures provide additional insight into our operating performance and trends and facilitate comparisons across reporting periods.
Performance Measures
–Gross profit margin (or gross profit as a % of revenue);
–Operating income margin (or operating income as a % of revenue);
–Adjusted segment operating income or loss;
–Adjusted segment operating income margin (or adjusted segment operating income as a % of revenue);
–Adjusted effective tax rate;
–Adjusted net income or loss;
–Adjusted earnings or loss per share (EPS);
–EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA;
–Free cash flow.
2 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Liquidity and Capital Structure Measures
–Non-cash working capital;
–Capital employed;
–Adjusted return on capital employed (ROCE);
–Net debt;
–Net debt-to-capital;
–Net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA;
–Maintenance and growth capital expenditures.
Growth Measures
–Adjusted order intake;
–Adjusted backlog;
–Book-to-sales ratio.
Definitions of all non-IFRS and other financial measures are provided in Section 9.1 “Non-IFRS and other financial measure definitions” of this MD&A to give the reader a better understanding of the indicators used by management. In addition, when applicable, we provide a quantitative reconciliation of the non-IFRS and other financial measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS. Refer to Section 9.1 “Non-IFRS and other financial measure definitions” for references to where these reconciliations are provided.
ABOUT MATERIAL INFORMATION
This MD&A includes the information we believe is material to investors after considering all circumstances, including potential market sensitivity. We consider something to be material if:
–It results in, or would reasonably be expected to result in, a significant change in the market price or value of our shares; or
–It is likely that a reasonable investor would consider the information to be important in making an investment decision.
CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This MD&A includes forward-looking statements about our activities, events and developments that we expect to or anticipate may occur in the future including, for example, statements about our vision, strategies, market trends and outlook, future revenues, earnings, cash flow growth, profit trends, growth capital spending, expansions and new initiatives, including initiatives that pertain to sustainability matters, financial obligations, available liquidities, expected sales, general economic and political outlook, inflation trends, prospects and trends of an industry, expected annual recurring cost savings from operational excellence programs, our management of the supply chain, estimated addressable markets, demands for CAE’s products and services, our access to capital resources, our financial position, the expected accretion in various financial metrics, the expected capital returns to shareholders, our business outlook, business opportunities, objectives, development, plans, growth strategies and other strategic priorities, our competitive and leadership position in our markets, the expansion of our market shares, CAE's ability and preparedness to respond to demand for new technologies, the sustainability of our operations, our ability to retire the Legacy Contracts (as defined in Section 6.2 “Defense and Security” of this MD&A) as expected and to manage and mitigate the risks associated therewith, the impact of the retirement of the Legacy Contracts and other statements that are not historical facts. Since forward-looking statements and information relate to future events or future performance and reflect current expectations or beliefs regarding future events, they are typically identified by words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “likely”, “may”, “plan”, “seek”, “should”, “will”, “strategy”, “future” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding an outlook. All such statements constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. By their nature, forward‑looking statements require us to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties associated with our business which may cause actual results in future periods to differ materially from results indicated in forward‑looking statements. While these statements are based on management’s expectations and assumptions regarding historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors that we believe are reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as there is a risk that they may not be accurate.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 3
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Important risks that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to, strategic risks, such as geopolitical uncertainty, global economic conditions, competitive business environment, original equipment manufacturer (OEM) encroachment, inflation, international scope of our business, changes in U.S. trade policies or regulations, level and timing of defence spending, constraints within the civil aviation industry, our ability to penetrate new markets, research and development (R&D) activities, evolving standards and technology innovation and disruption, length of sales cycle, business development and awarding of new contracts, strategic partnerships and long-term contracts, our ability to effectively manage our growth, estimates of market opportunity and competing priorities; operational risks, such as supply chain disruptions, program management and execution, mergers and acquisitions, business continuity, subcontractors, fixed price and long-term supply contracts, our continued reliance on certain parties and information, and health and safety; cybersecurity risks; talent risks, such as recruitment, development and retention, ability to attract, recruit and retain key personnel and management, corporate culture and labour relations; financial risks, such as shareholder activism, availability of capital, customer credit risk, foreign exchange, effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, liquidity risk, interest rate volatility, returns to shareholders, estimates used in accounting, impairment risk, pension plan funding, indebtedness, acquisition and integration costs, sales of additional common shares, market price and volatility of our common shares, seasonality, taxation matters and adjusted backlog; legal and regulatory risks, such as data rights and governance, U.S. foreign ownership, control or influence mitigation measures, compliance with laws and regulations, insurance coverage potential gaps, product-related liabilities, environmental laws and regulations, government audits and investigations, protection of our intellectual property and brand, third-party intellectual property, foreign private issuer status, and enforceability of civil liabilities against our directors and officers; sustainability risks, such as extreme climate events and the impact of natural or other disasters (including effects of climate change) and sustainability commitments and expectations; reputational risks; and technological risks, such as information technology (IT) and reliance on third-party providers for information technology systems and infrastructure management.
The foregoing list is not exhaustive and other unknown or unpredictable factors could also have a material adverse effect on the performance or results of CAE. Additionally, differences could arise because of events announced or completed after the date of this MD&A. You will find more information about the risks and uncertainties affecting our business in Section 11 “Business risk and uncertainty” of our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025. Readers are cautioned that any of the disclosed risks could have a material adverse effect on CAE’s forward-looking statements. Readers are also cautioned that the risks described above and elsewhere in this MD&A are not necessarily the only ones we face; additional risks and uncertainties that are presently unknown to us or that we may currently deem immaterial may adversely affect our business.
Except as required by law, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The forward-looking information and statements contained in this MD&A are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this MD&A. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.
MATERIAL ASSUMPTIONS
The foregoing list is not exhaustive and other unknown or unpredictable factors could also have a material adverse effect on the performance or results of CAE. Additionally, differences could arise because of events announced or completed after the date of this MD&A. You will find more information about the risks and uncertainties affecting our business in Section 11 “Business risk and uncertainty” of our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025. Readers are cautioned that any of the disclosed risks could have a material adverse effect on CAE’s forward-looking statements. Readers are also cautioned that the risks described above and elsewhere in this MD&A are not necessarily the only ones we face; additional risks and uncertainties that are presently unknown to us or that we may currently deem immaterial may adversely affect our business.
Except as required by law, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The forward-looking information and statements contained in this MD&A are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this MD&A. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.
MATERIAL ASSUMPTIONS
The forward-looking statements set out in this MD&A are based on certain assumptions including, without limitation: the prevailing market conditions, geopolitical instability including the rapidly evolving trade and tariff environment, the customer receptivity to our training and operational support solutions, the accuracy of our estimates of addressable markets and market opportunity, the realization of anticipated annual recurring cost savings and other intended benefits from restructuring initiatives and operational excellence programs, the ability to respond to anticipated inflationary pressures and our ability to pass along rising costs through increased prices, the actual impact to supply, production levels, and costs from global supply chain logistics challenges, the stability of foreign exchange rates, the ability to hedge exposures to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates, the availability of borrowings to be drawn down under, and the utilization, of one or more of our senior credit agreements, our available liquidity from cash and cash equivalents, undrawn amounts on our revolving credit facility, the balance available under our receivable purchase facility, the assumption that our cash flows from operations and continued access to debt funding will be sufficient to meet financial requirements in the foreseeable future, access to expected capital resources within anticipated timeframes, no material financial, operational or competitive consequences from changes in regulations affecting our business, our ability to retain and attract new business, our ability to effectively execute and retire the remaining Legacy Contracts while managing the risks associated therewith, our ability to defend our position in the dispute with the buyer of the CAE Healthcare business, and the realization of the expected strategic, financial and other benefits of the increase of our ownership stake in SIMCOM Aviation Training in the timeframe anticipated. Air travel is a major driver for CAE's business and management relies on analysis from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to inform its assumptions about the rate and profile of growth in its key civil aviation market. Accordingly, the assumptions outlined in this MD&A and, consequently, the forward‑looking statements based on such assumptions, may turn out to be inaccurate. For additional information, including with respect to other assumptions underlying the forward‑looking statements made in this MD&A, refer to Section 11 “Business risk and uncertainty” of our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025.
4 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
3. ABOUT CAE
3.1 Who we are
At CAE, we exist to make the world safer. We deliver cutting-edge training, simulation, and critical operations solutions to prepare aviation professionals and defence forces for the moments that matter. Every day, we empower pilots, cabin crew, maintenance technicians, airlines, business aviation operators, and defence and security personnel to perform at their best and when the stakes are the highest. Around the globe, we’re everywhere customers need us to be with approximately 13,000 employees at around 240 sites and training locations in over 40 countries. For nearly 80 years, CAE has been at the forefront of innovation, consistently seeking to set the standard by delivering excellence in high-fidelity flight simulators and training solutions, while embedding sustainability at the heart of everything we do. By harnessing technology and enhancing human performance, we strive to be the trusted partner in advancing safety and mission readiness—today and tomorrow.
CAE’s common shares are listed on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges (TSX / NYSE) under the symbol CAE.
3.2 Our purpose, mission and vision
Our purpose is to make the world safer.
Our mission is to deliver cutting-edge training, simulation and critical operations solutions to prepare aviation professionals and defence forces for the moments that matter.
Our vision is to be the trusted partner in advancing safety and mission readiness, defining the standard of excellence in training and critical operations by harnessing technology and enhancing human performance.
3.3 Our strategy
CAE’s four strategic pillars
There are four fundamental pillars that underpin our strategy and investment thesis:
–Efficient growth;
–Technology and market leadership;
–Revolutionizing training and critical operations;
–Skills and culture.
For further details, refer to Section 3.3 “Our strategy” of CAE’s MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025 available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.sedarplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov).
3.4 Our operations
Our operations are managed through two segments:
–Civil Aviation – We provide comprehensive training solutions for flight, cabin, maintenance, ground personnel and air traffic controllers in commercial, business and helicopter aviation, a complete range of flight simulation training devices, ab initio pilot training and crew sourcing services, as well as airline operations digital solutions. The civil aviation market includes major commercial airlines, regional airlines, business aircraft operators, civil helicopter operators, aircraft manufacturers, third-party training centres, flight training organizations, air navigation service providers, maintenance, repair and overhaul organizations and aircraft finance leasing companies;
–Defense and Security – We are a global training and simulation provider delivering scalable, platform-independent solutions that enable and enhance force readiness and security. The defence and security market includes defence forces, OEMs, government agencies and public safety organizations worldwide.
There have been no significant changes to our operations since the end of fiscal 2025. For further details, refer to Section 3.4 “Our operations” of CAE’s MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025 available on our website (www.cae.com), SEDAR+ (www.sedarplus.ca) and EDGAR (www.sec.gov).
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 5
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
4. FOREIGN EXCHANGE
We report all dollar amounts in Canadian dollars. We value assets, liabilities and transactions that are measured in foreign currencies using various exchange rates as required by IFRS.
The tables below show the variations of the closing and average exchange rates for the two main currencies in which we operate.
We used the closing foreign exchange rates below to value our assets, liabilities and adjusted backlog in Canadian dollars at the end of each of the following periods:
| June 30 | March 31 | Increase / | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2025 | (decrease) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. dollar (US$ or USD) | 1.36 | 1.44 | (6 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Euro (€ or EUR) | 1.60 | 1.55 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We used the average quarterly foreign exchange rates below to value our revenues and expenses throughout the following periods:
| Three months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | Increase / | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | (decrease) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. dollar (US$ or USD) | 1.39 | 1.37 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Euro (€ or EUR) | 1.57 | 1.47 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The effect of translating the results of our foreign operations into Canadian dollars resulted in an increase in this quarter’s revenue of $18.3 million and an increase in adjusted segment operating income of $2.7 million when compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. We calculated this by translating the current quarter foreign currency revenue and adjusted segment operating income of our foreign operations using the average monthly exchange rates from the prior year’s first quarter and comparing these adjusted amounts to our current quarter reported results. You will find more details about our foreign exchange exposure and hedging strategies in Section 11 “Business Risk and Uncertainty” in our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025.
6 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
5. CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
5.1 Results from operations – first quarter of fiscal 2026
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts) | Q1-2026 | Q4-2025 | Q3-2025 | Q2-2025 | Q1-2025 | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | 1,275.4 | 1,223.4 | 1,136.6 | 1,072.5 | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | $ | 790.3 | 884.7 | 883.8 | 845.5 | 793.8 | ||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 308.3 | 390.7 | 339.6 | 291.1 | 278.7 | ||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 28.1 | 30.6 | 27.8 | 25.6 | 26.0 | ||||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | $ | 36.7 | 21.4 | 28.7 | 37.2 | 35.9 | ||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 159.4 | 164.1 | 140.2 | 127.6 | 133.5 | ||||||||||||||
| Other (gains) and losses | $ | — | (9.6) | (0.1) | (2.7) | (0.9) | ||||||||||||||
| After-tax share in profit of equity accounted investees | $ | (21.6) | (25.1) | (19.2) | (20.0) | (24.0) | ||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | $ | — | — | — | 30.9 | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on remeasurement of previously held equity interest | $ | — | — | (72.6) | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | 239.9 | 262.6 | 118.1 | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 12.2 | 18.8 | 21.5 | 10.4 | 10.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Finance expense – net | $ | 54.6 | 56.5 | 56.6 | 52.9 | 49.5 | ||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 79.2 | 183.4 | 206.0 | 65.2 | 59.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | 19.0 | 45.2 | 34.8 | 10.4 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||||
| As a % of earnings before income taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (effective tax rate) | % | 24 | 25 | 17 | 16 | 14 | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | 138.2 | 171.2 | 54.8 | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | 135.9 | 168.6 | 52.5 | 48.3 | ||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | $ | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 60.2 | 138.2 | 171.2 | 54.8 | 50.8 | |||||||||||||||
| EPS attributable to equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | 0.18 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.16 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income(1) | $ | 147.8 | 258.8 | 190.0 | 149.0 | 134.2 | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted net income(1) | $ | 67.5 | 149.6 | 91.9 | 76.2 | 67.8 | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.21 | 0.47 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Revenue was $1,098.6 million this quarter, $26.1 million or 2% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. Revenue variances by segment were as follows:
| (amounts in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | Variance $ | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 607.7 | $ | 587.6 | $ | 20.1 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 490.9 | 484.9 | 6.0 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | $ | 26.1 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||
You will find more details in Section 6 “Results by segment” of this MD&A.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 7
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Gross profit was $308.3 million this quarter, $29.6 million or 11% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. Gross profit variances by segment were as follows:
| (amounts in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | Variance $ | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 201.1 | $ | 187.7 | $ | 13.4 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 107.2 | 91.0 | 16.2 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 308.3 | $ | 278.7 | $ | 29.6 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||
You will find more details in Section 6 “Results by segment” of this MD&A.
Operating income was $133.8 million this quarter, $25.2 million or 23% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. This period's operating income included executive management transition costs of $14.0 million. Last year's operating income included restructuring, integration and acquisition costs of $25.6 million. Operating income variances by segment were as follows:
| (amounts in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | Variance $ | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 99.4 | $ | 89.8 | $ | 9.6 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 34.4 | 18.8 | 15.6 | 83 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | $ | 25.2 | 23 | % | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income was $147.8 million this quarter, $13.6 million or 10% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. Adjusted segment operating income variances by segment were as follows:
| (amounts in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | Variance $ | Variance % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 107.6 | $ | 106.4 | $ | 1.2 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 40.2 | 27.8 | 12.4 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | $ | 13.6 | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||
You will find more details in Section 6 “Results by segment” of this MD&A.
Finance expense - net was $54.6 million this quarter, $5.1 million or 10% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to higher finance expense on lease liabilities in support of training network expansions and additional finance expense on borrowings to finance the SIMCOM transaction in the third quarter of last year. The increase was partially offset by lower finance expense on long-term debt due to a decreased level of borrowings during the period aligned with our ongoing deleveraging undertakings.
Income tax expense this quarter amounted to $19.0 million, representing an effective tax rate of 24%, compared to an effective tax rate of 14% for the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The adjusted effective tax rate on our adjusted net income was 24% this quarter compared to 17% in the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase in the adjusted effective tax rate was mainly attributable to the change in the mix of income from various jurisdictions. The effective tax rate for the period was negatively affected by an unrecognized deferred tax benefit from unrealized foreign exchange fluctuations.
On July 4, 2025, a reconciliation bill titled “An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res 14” was signed into U.S. federal law. The reconciliation bill addresses numerous spending policies and also makes several adjustments to current tax law, including an increase to the base erosion and anti-abuse tax (BEAT) rate starting in calendar 2026, reinstating full deduction of U.S. qualified R&D expenditures starting in calendar 2025, permanently restoring the ability for immediate deduction of new investments in certain qualified depreciable assets made after January 19, 2025, and providing a higher deduction limitation for net interest expense starting in calendar 2025. The enacted changes in tax laws will be reflected in our consolidated financial statements starting in the second quarter of fiscal 2026. We are currently assessing the impact on our effective tax rate and income tax payments and do not expect them to be material.
8 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
5.2 Executive management transition costs
In November 2024, the Company announced its CEO succession plan whereby the current CEO, Marc Parent, will be leaving the Company at the Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders to be held on August 13, 2025. The CEO's terms of departure were finalized during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 and include non-compete and non-solicitation covenants, as well as other terms that are generally consistent with the previously agreed‑upon employment arrangement which will remain in force until the departure date.
On June 2, 2025, we announced that at the conclusion of a rigorous global selection process, the Board, on the advice of the Company’s CEO Search Committee, unanimously appointed Matthew Bromberg as President and Chief Executive Officer of CAE, effective August 13, 2025. Mr. Bromberg joined CAE on June 16, 2025 as Incoming President and CEO, working closely with Mr. Parent throughout the transition to ensure continuity and a smooth handover of leadership responsibilities. Concurrently with Mr. Bromberg’s appointment, and subject to their election at the Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders, Calin Rovinescu will become Executive Chairman of the Board and Sophie Brochu will become Lead Independent Director.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2026, the Company incurred $14.0 million of executive management transition costs, including $11.4 million related to the CEO's terms of departure, representing accrued expenses not yet paid to the current CEO, and $2.6 million of other costs. These costs are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.
5.3 Consolidated adjusted order intake and adjusted backlog
| Defense and | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Civil Aviation | Security | Total | |||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), beginning of period | $ | 8,165.0 | $ | 6,107.5 | $ | 5,563.5 | $ | 3,407.8 | $ | 13,728.5 | $ | 9,515.3 | ||||||||
'+ adjusted order intake(1) | 511.4 | 770.5 | 611.4 | 421.5 | 1,122.8 | 1,192.0 | ||||||||||||||
| - revenue | (607.7) | (587.6) | (490.9) | (484.9) | (1,098.6) | (1,072.5) | ||||||||||||||
| + / - adjustments | (310.1) | 54.3 | (80.4) | 33.6 | (390.5) | 87.9 | ||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), end of period | $ | 7,758.6 | $ | 6,344.7 | $ | 5,603.6 | $ | 3,378.0 | $ | 13,362.2 | $ | 9,722.7 | ||||||||
Joint venture backlog(1) (all obligated) | 621.2 | 240.6 | 3,576.7 | 4,868.7 | 4,197.9 | 5,109.3 | ||||||||||||||
Unfunded backlog and options(1) | — | — | 1,924.0 | 2,145.9 | 1,924.0 | 2,145.9 | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 8,379.8 | $ | 6,585.3 | $ | 11,104.3 | $ | 10,392.6 | $ | 19,484.1 | $ | 16,977.9 | ||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
The book-to-sales ratio for the quarter was 1.02x. The ratio for the last 12 months was 1.61x.
You will find more details in Section 6 “Results by segment” of this MD&A.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 9
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
6. RESULTS BY SEGMENT
We manage our business and report our results in two segments:
–Civil Aviation;
–Defense and Security.
The method used for the allocation of assets jointly used by operating segments and costs and liabilities jointly incurred (mostly corporate costs) between operating segments is based on the level of consumption when determinable and measurable, otherwise the allocation is based on a proportion of each segment’s cost of sales and revenue.
Unless otherwise indicated, elements within our segment revenue and adjusted segment operating income analysis are presented in order of magnitude.
6.1 Civil Aviation
FIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 2026
| FINANCIAL RESULTS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Q1-2026 | Q4-2025 | Q3-2025 | Q2-2025 | Q1-2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 607.7 | 728.4 | 752.6 | 640.7 | 587.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 201.1 | 272.4 | 234.2 | 189.3 | 187.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 33.1 | 37.4 | 31.1 | 29.5 | 31.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 99.4 | 197.4 | 223.4 | 94.7 | 89.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income(1) | $ | 107.6 | 208.4 | 150.8 | 115.9 | 106.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 17.7 | 28.6 | 20.0 | 18.1 | 18.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | $ | 86.9 | 84.3 | 80.1 | 74.7 | 73.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures | $ | 62.9 | 62.6 | 58.4 | 37.0 | 71.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset expenditures | $ | 17.7 | 13.9 | 12.8 | 17.2 | 22.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital employed(1) | $ | 5,838.0 | 5,894.3 | 5,774.3 | 5,143.0 | 5,086.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 8,379.8 | 8,846.6 | 8,798.7 | 6,663.1 | 6,585.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supplementary non-financial information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simulator equivalent unit | 298 | 298 | 292 | 276 | 279 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FFSs in CAE's network | 367 | 363 | 362 | 355 | 349 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate | % | 71 | 75 | 76 | 70 | 76 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FFS deliveries | 8 | 15 | 20 | 18 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Revenue was $607.7 million this quarter, $20.1 million or 3% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to the consolidation into our results of SIMCOM following the increase in our ownership stake in the third quarter of last year. The increase was partially offset by a less favourable mix of product solutions, and lower utilization on reduced initial training demand in commercial training services.
Gross profit was $201.1 million this quarter, $13.4 million or 7% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to the consolidation into our results of SIMCOM following the increase of our ownership stake in the third quarter of last year. The increase was partially offset by a lower contribution from commercial training services, driven by lower utilization on reduced initial training demand and higher depreciation and amortization costs following an intensive, multi-year deployment schedule to support organic training center growth, and a less favourable mix of product solutions this quarter.
Adjusted segment operating income was $107.6 million this quarter, $1.2 million or 1% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to the consolidation into our results of SIMCOM following the increase of our ownership stake in the third quarter of last year. The increase was partially offset by a lower contribution from commercial training services, driven by lower utilization on reduced initial training demand and higher depreciation and amortization costs following an intensive, multi-year deployment schedule to support organic training center growth, a less favourable mix of product solutions this quarter, and higher selling, general and administrative expenses.
You will find more details on the reconciliation between operating income and adjustment segmented operating income in Section 9.3 “Non-IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A.
10 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Property, plant and equipment expenditures were $62.9 million this quarter. Growth capital expenditures were $42.6 million for the quarter and maintenance capital expenditures were $20.3 million.
Capital employed decreased by $56.3 million compared to last quarter. The decrease was mainly due to movements in foreign exchange rates, partially offset by a higher investment in non-cash working capital and a higher investment in equity accounted investees. The higher investment in non-cash working capital primarily resulted from lower accounts payable and accrued liabilities and higher inventories, partially offset by higher contract liabilities.
Adjusted backlog
| Three months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), beginning of period | $ | 8,165.0 | $ | 6,107.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
'+ adjusted order intake(1) | 511.4 | 770.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - revenue | (607.7) | (587.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| + / - adjustments | (310.1) | 54.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), end of period | $ | 7,758.6 | $ | 6,344.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Joint venture backlog(1) (all obligated) | 621.2 | 240.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 8,379.8 | $ | 6,585.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjusted order intake included contracts for 5 full-flight simulators (FFSs) sold in the quarter.
Adjustments this quarter were mainly due to foreign exchange movements.
This quarter's book-to-sales ratio was 0.84x. The ratio for the last 12 months was 1.27x.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 11
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
6.2 Defense and Security
FIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 2026
| FINANCIAL RESULTS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Q1-2026 | Q4-2025 | Q3-2025 | Q2-2025 | Q1-2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 490.9 | 547.0 | 470.8 | 495.9 | 484.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 107.2 | 118.3 | 105.4 | 101.8 | 91.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 21.8 | 21.6 | 22.4 | 20.5 | 18.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 34.4 | 42.5 | 39.2 | 23.4 | 18.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted segment operating income(1) | $ | 40.2 | 50.4 | 39.2 | 33.1 | 27.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As a % of revenue(1) | % | 8.2 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | $ | 26.8 | 26.2 | 26.2 | 25.4 | 24.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures | $ | 44.0 | 46.4 | 39.2 | 20.0 | 20.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset expenditures | $ | 4.7 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 7.2 | 5.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital employed(1) | $ | 2,062.2 | 1,991.3 | 2,041.8 | 2,035.1 | 2,110.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 11,104.3 | 11,295.6 | 11,481.0 | 11,378.1 | 10,392.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Revenue was $490.9 million this quarter, $6.0 million or 1% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to higher revenue from our North American programs driven by higher activity in Canada and partially offset by the timing of activity in the U.S. following the completion of certain lower margin programs.
Gross profit was $107.2 million this quarter, $16.2 million or 18% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to higher profitability and activity on our North American programs, driven by operational efficiencies and the completion of certain lower margin programs in the U.S. and the ramp up of higher margin programs in Canada.
Adjusted segment operating income was $40.2 million this quarter, $12.4 million or 45% higher compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase was mainly due to higher profitability and activity on our North American programs, driven by operational efficiencies and the completion of certain lower margin programs in the U.S. and the ramp up of higher margin programs in Canada, partially offset by higher selling, general and administrative expenses.
You will find more details on the reconciliation between operating income and adjustment segmented operating income in Section 9.3 "Non-IFRS measure reconciliations" of this MD&A.
Property, plant and equipment expenditures were $44.0 million this quarter. Growth capital expenditures were $37.2 million for the quarter and maintenance capital expenditures were $6.8 million.
Capital employed increased by $70.9 million compared to last quarter. The increase was mainly due to a higher investment in non-cash working capital and higher property, plant and equipment, partially offset by movements in foreign exchange rates. The higher investment in non-cash working capital primarily resulted from lower accounts payable and accrued liabilities and higher contract assets, partially offset by lower accounts receivable.
Additional information pertaining to Defense and Security contracts
Within the Defense and Security segment, we have a number of fixed-price contracts which offer certain potential advantages and efficiencies but can also be negatively impacted by adverse changes to general economic conditions, including unforeseen supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures, availability of labour and execution difficulties. These risks can result in cost overruns and reduced profit margins or losses. While these risks can often be managed or mitigated, there were eight distinct legacy contracts entered into prior to the COVID-19 pandemic that are fixed-price in structure, with little to no provision for cost escalation, and that have been more significantly impacted by these risks (the Legacy Contracts). Although only a small fraction of the current business, they disproportionately impacted overall Defense and Security profitability in previous fiscal years. As of June 30, 2025, we have completed three of the Legacy Contracts, and the impact of the ongoing execution of the remaining Legacy Contracts on the Defense and Security profitability is no longer expected to be material. Management is continuing to monitor the remaining Legacy Contracts as a separate group and will continue to take appropriate measures as may be necessary in the future to mitigate the cost pressures associated with them. For further details regarding the risks associated with CAE’s program management and execution and its fixed price and long‑term supply contracts, refer to Section 11 “Business risk and uncertainty” of our MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025.
12 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Adjusted backlog
| Three months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), beginning of period | $ | 5,563.5 | $ | 3,407.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
'+ adjusted order intake(1) | 611.4 | 421.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - revenue | (490.9) | (484.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| + / - adjustments | (80.4) | 33.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligated backlog(1), end of period | $ | 5,603.6 | $ | 3,378.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Joint venture backlog(1) (all obligated) | 3,576.7 | 4,868.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unfunded backlog and options(1) | 1,924.0 | 2,145.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted backlog(1) | $ | 11,104.3 | $ | 10,392.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjustments this quarter were mainly due to foreign exchange movements.
This quarter's book-to-sales ratio was 1.25x. The ratio for the last 12 months was 2.08x.
This quarter, $228.3 million was added to the unfunded backlog and $244.9 million was transferred to obligated backlog.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 13
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
7. CONSOLIDATED CASH MOVEMENTS AND LIQUIDITY
We manage liquidity and regularly monitor the factors that could affect it, including:
–Cash generated from operations, including timing of milestone payments and management of working capital;
–Capital expenditure requirements;
–Scheduled repayments of long-term debt obligations, our credit capacity and expected future debt market conditions.
7.1 Consolidated cash movements
| Three months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities* | $ | 189.2 | $ | 127.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in non-cash working capital | (204.5) | (140.1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (15.3) | $ | (12.9) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maintenance capital expenditures(1) | (27.1) | (19.9) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets expenditures excluding capitalized development costs | (3.7) | (5.1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment | 5.1 | 1.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (payments to) proceeds from equity accounted investees | (13.1) | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends received from equity accounted investees | 20.1 | 10.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other investing activities | (2.2) | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Free cash flow(1) | $ | (36.2) | $ | (25.3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth capital expenditures(1) | (79.8) | (72.7) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized development costs | (18.7) | (23.5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net proceeds from the issuance of common shares | 10.0 | 21.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of common shares | — | (11.7) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other cash movements, net | (2.5) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (5.0) | 3.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in cash before proceeds and repayment of long-term debt | $ | (132.2) | $ | (108.1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * before changes in non-cash working capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Net cash from operating activities was negative $15.3 million this quarter, $2.4 million lower compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The decrease was mainly due to a higher investment in non-cash working capital, partially offset by higher net income adjusted for non-cash items.
Free cash flow was negative $36.2 million this quarter, $10.9 million lower compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The decrease was mainly due to a higher investment in non-cash working capital, partially offset by higher net income adjusted for non‑cash items and higher dividends received from equity accounted investees.
14 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL POSITION
8.1 Consolidated capital employed
| As at June 30 | As at March 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | 2025 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Use of capital(1): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | $ | 1,996.4 | $ | 2,143.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: cash and cash equivalents | (171.2) | (293.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | (2,306.5) | (2,686.5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: current portion of long-term debt | 250.2 | 399.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash working capital(1) | $ | (231.1) | $ | (437.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment | 2,962.6 | 2,989.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets | 3,730.0 | 3,871.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term assets | 2,189.7 | 2,209.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | (424.0) | (479.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital employed(1) | $ | 8,227.2 | $ | 8,152.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source of capital(1): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | $ | 250.2 | $ | 399.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 3,157.1 | 3,071.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: cash and cash equivalents | (171.2) | (293.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net debt(1) | $ | 3,236.1 | $ | 3,176.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company | 4,907.8 | 4,891.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 83.3 | 84.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital employed(1) | $ | 8,227.2 | $ | 8,152.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjusted return on capital employed (ROCE) was 7.0% this quarter, which compares to 5.7% in the first quarter of last year and 7.2% last quarter.
Non-cash working capital increased by $206.5 million compared to last quarter. The increase was mainly due to lower account payable and accrued liabilities.
Property, plant and equipment decreased by $26.9 million from last quarter. The decrease was mainly due to movements in foreign exchange rates, partially offset by capital expenditures in excess of depreciation.
Intangible assets decreased by $141.0 million from last quarter. The decrease was mainly due to movements in foreign exchange rates.
Other long-term assets decreased by $20.0 million compared to last quarter. The decrease was mainly due lower right-of-use assets, driven by movements in foreign exchange rates.
Other long-term liabilities decreased by $55.9 million compared to last quarter. The decrease was mainly due to lower employee benefits obligations, resulting primarily from updated actuarial discount rates used to determine our defined benefit pension plan obligations and lower derivatives financial liabilities.
Total debt decreased by $63.1 million compared to last quarter. The decrease in total debt was mainly due to movements in foreign exchange rates, partially offset by net proceeds from borrowings.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 15
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Net debt increased by $59.4 million compared to last quarter
| Three months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net debt(1), beginning of period | $ | 3,176.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of cash movements on net debt | ||||||||||||||||||||
(see table in the consolidated cash movements section 7.1) | 132.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on long-term debt | (109.3) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Additions and remeasurements of lease liabilities | 27.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 9.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in net debt during the period | $ | 59.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net debt(1), end of period | $ | 3,236.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidity measures | As at June 30 | As at June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net debt-to-capital(1) | % | 39.3 | % | 41.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Net debt-to-EBITDA(1) | 2.73 | 18.24 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA(1) | 2.75 | 3.41 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
We have a US$1.0 billion committed unsecured revolving credit facility at floating rates, provided by a syndicate of lenders. In June 2025, we extended the maturity date of this facility by two years, until June 2030. We and some of our subsidiaries can borrow funds directly from this credit facility to cover operating and general corporate expenses and to issue letters of credit. We manage an uncommitted receivable purchase facility of up to US$400.0 million, in which we sell interests in certain of our accounts receivable to third parties for cash consideration. This facility is renewed annually.
We have certain debt agreements which require the maintenance of standard financial covenants. As at June 30, 2025, we are compliant with all our financial covenants.
Term loans
In May 2025, we prepaid a US$125.0 million unsecured term loan due in July 2025.
In June 2025, we extended the maturity date of our US$200.0 million syndicated term loan, bearing interest at a variable rate, until June 2027.
In June 2025, we entered into an unsecured term loan agreement amounting to US$50.0 million maturing in June 2027, bearing interest at a variable rate. Proceeds from this term loan have been principally used to repay other various debt bearing higher interest rates.
Credit rating
CAE's credit rating issued by S&P Global Ratings of BBB- with negative outlook has remained unchanged as at June 30, 2025.
Total equity increased by $15.1 million this quarter. The increase in equity was mainly due to net income realized this quarter and the impact of equity-settled awards, partially offset by changes in other comprehensive income driven by foreign currency translation adjustments.
Outstanding share data
Our articles of incorporation authorize the issue of an unlimited number of common shares and an unlimited number of preferred shares issued in series. We had a total of 320,613,945 common shares issued and outstanding as at June 30, 2025 with total share capital of $2,339.3 million. In addition, we had 4,238,101 options outstanding. As at July 31, 2025, we had a total of 320,726,213 common shares issued and outstanding and 4,129,556 options outstanding.
Repurchase and cancellation of common shares
On June 6, 2025, we announced the renewal of the normal course issuer bid program (NCIB) to purchase, for cancellation, up to 16,019,294 of our common shares. The NCIB began on June 10, 2025 and will end on June 9, 2026 or on such earlier date when the Company completes its purchases or elects to terminate the NCIB. These purchases may be made through the facilities of the TSX or the NYSE, or in such other manner as may be permitted under applicable stock exchange rules and securities laws, at the prevailing market price at the time of acquisition, plus brokerage fees. All common shares purchased pursuant to the NCIB will be cancelled.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, no common shares were repurchased under the NCIB (2024 – 463,500 at a weighted average price of $25.21 per common share for a total consideration of $11.7 million).
16 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
9. NON-IFRS AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES AND SUPPLEMENTARY NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION
9.1 Non-IFRS and other financial measure definitions
This MD&A includes non-IFRS financial measures, non-IFRS ratios, capital management measures and supplementary financial measures. These measures are not standardized financial measures prescribed under IFRS and therefore should not be confused with, or used as an alternative for, performance measures calculated according to IFRS. Furthermore, these measures should not be compared with similarly titled measures provided or used by other issuers. Management believes that these measures provide additional insight into our operating performance and trends and facilitate comparisons across reporting periods.
A non-IFRS financial measure is a financial measure that depicts our financial performance, financial position, or cash flow and either excludes an amount that is included in or includes an amount that is excluded from the composition of the most directly comparable financial measures disclosed in our financial statements.
A non-IFRS ratio is a financial measure disclosed in the form of a ratio, fraction, percentage, or similar representation, that has a non‑IFRS financial measure as one or more of its components.
A total of segments measure is a financial measure that is a subtotal or total of two or more reportable segments and is disclosed within the notes to our consolidated financial statements, but not in our primary financial statements.
A capital management measure is a financial measure intended to enable an individual to evaluate our objectives, policies and processes for managing our capital and is disclosed within the notes to our consolidated financial statements, but not in our primary financial statements.
A supplementary financial measure is a financial measure that depicts our historical or expected future financial performance, financial position or cash flow and is not disclosed within our primary financial statements, nor does it meet the definition of any of the above measures.
Certain non-IFRS and other financial measures are provided on a consolidated basis and separately for each of our segments (Civil Aviation and Defense and Security) since we analyze their results and performance separately.
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Gross profit margin (or gross profit as a % of revenue)
Gross profit margin is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing our gross profit by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Operating income margin (or operating income as a % of revenue)
Operating income margin is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing our operating income by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
Adjusted segment operating income or loss
Adjusted segment operating income or loss is a non-IFRS financial measure that gives us an indication of the profitability of each segment because it does not include the impact of any items not specifically related to the segment’s performance. We calculate adjusted segment operating income by taking operating income and adjusting for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of this MD&A and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non‑financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We track adjusted segment operating income because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods. Adjusted segment operating income on a consolidated basis is a total of segments measure since it is the profitability measure employed by management for making decisions about allocating resources to segments and assessing segment performance. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non‑IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjusted segment operating income margin (or adjusted segment operating income as a % of revenue)
Adjusted segment operating income margin is a non-IFRS ratio calculated by dividing our adjusted segment operating income by revenue for a given period. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 17
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Adjusted effective tax rate
Adjusted effective tax rate is a supplementary financial measure that represents the effective tax rate on adjusted net income or loss. It is calculated by dividing our income tax expense by our earnings before income taxes, adjusting for the same items used to determine adjusted net income or loss. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of the impact of changes in income tax rates and the mix of income on our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non‑IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a calculation of this measure.
Adjusted net income or loss
Adjusted net income or loss is a non-IFRS financial measure we use as an alternate view of our operating results. We calculate it by taking our net income attributable to equity holders of the Company from continuing operations and adjusting for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events, after tax, as well as significant one-time tax items. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of this MD&A and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non‑financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We track adjusted net income because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non-IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjusted earnings or loss per share (EPS)
Adjusted earnings or loss per share is a non-IFRS ratio calculated by dividing adjusted net income or loss by the weighted average number of diluted shares. We track it because we believe it provides an enhanced understanding of our operating performance on a per share basis and facilitates the comparison across reporting periods. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non-IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a calculation of this measure.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
EBITDA is a non-IFRS financial measure which comprises net income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes, finance expense – net, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA further adjusts for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of this MD&A and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non‑financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We use EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our operating performance, by eliminating the impact of non-operational or non‑cash items. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non-IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow is a non-IFRS financial measure that shows us how much cash we have available to invest in growth opportunities, repay debt and meet ongoing financial obligations. We use it as an indicator of our financial strength and liquidity. We calculate it by taking the net cash generated by our continuing operating activities, subtracting maintenance capital expenditures, intangible assets expenditures excluding capitalized development costs, other investing activities not related to growth and dividends paid and adding proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment, dividends received from equity accounted investees and proceeds, net of payments, from equity accounted investees. Refer to Section 7.1 “Consolidated cash movements” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE MEASURES
Non-cash working capital
Non-cash working capital is a non-IFRS financial measure we use to monitor how much money we have committed in the day-to-day operation of our business. We calculate it by taking current assets (not including cash and cash equivalents and assets held for sale) and subtracting current liabilities (not including the current portion of long-term debt and liabilities held for sale). Refer to Section 8.1 “Consolidated capital employed” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
18 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Capital employed
Capital employed is a non-IFRS financial measure we use to evaluate and monitor how much we are investing in our business. We measure it from two perspectives:
Use of capital:
–For the Company as a whole, we take total assets (not including cash and cash equivalents), and subtract total liabilities (not including long-term debt and the current portion of long-term debt);
–For each segment, we take the total assets (not including cash and cash equivalents, tax accounts, employee benefits assets and other non-operating assets), and subtract total liabilities (not including tax accounts, long-term debt and the current portion of long‑term debt, royalty obligations, employee benefit obligations and other non-operating liabilities).
Source of capital:
–In order to understand our source of capital, we add net debt to total equity.
Refer to Section 8.1 “Consolidated capital employed” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Adjusted return on capital employed (ROCE)
Adjusted ROCE is a non-IFRS ratio calculated over a rolling four-quarter period by taking net income attributable to equity holders of the Company from continuing operations adjusting for net finance expense, after tax, restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events divided by the average capital employed from continuing operations. Impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (as described in Section 5.2 of this MD&A and Section 5.6 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM (as described in Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025), the shareholder matters (as described in Section 5.5 of the MD&A for the year ended March 31, 2025), the impairment of goodwill (as described in Note 14 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024) and the impairment of technology and other non‑financial assets (as described in Note 5 of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024). We use adjusted ROCE to evaluate the profitability of our invested capital.
Net debt
Net debt is a capital management measure we use to monitor how much debt we have after taking into account cash and cash equivalents. We use it as an indicator of our overall financial position, and calculate it by taking our total long-term debt, including the current portion of long-term debt, and subtracting cash and cash equivalents. Refer to Section 8.1 “Consolidated capital employed” of this MD&A for a reconciliation of this measure to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
Net debt-to-capital
Net debt-to-capital is a capital management measure calculated as net debt divided by the sum of total equity plus net debt. We use this to manage our capital structure and monitor our capital allocation priorities.
Net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA
Net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA are non-IFRS ratios calculated as net debt divided by the last twelve months EBITDA (or adjusted EBITDA). We use net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA because they reflect our ability to service our debt obligations. Refer to Section 9.3 “Non-IFRS measure reconciliations” of this MD&A for a calculation of these measures.
Maintenance and growth capital expenditures
Maintenance capital expenditure is a supplementary financial measure we use to calculate the investment needed to sustain the current level of economic activity.
Growth capital expenditure is a supplementary financial measure we use to calculate the investment needed to increase the current level of economic activity.
The sum of maintenance capital expenditures and growth capital expenditures represents our total property, plant and equipment expenditures.
GROWTH MEASURES
Adjusted order intake
Adjusted order intake is a supplementary financial measure that represents the expected value of orders we have received:
–For the Civil Aviation segment, we consider an item part of our adjusted order intake when we have a legally binding commercial agreement with a client that includes enough detail about each party’s obligations to form the basis for a contract. Additionally, expected future revenues from customers under short-term and long-term training contracts are included when these customers commit to pay us training fees, or when we reasonably expect the revenue to be generated;
–For the Defense and Security segment, we consider an item part of our adjusted order intake when we have a legally binding commercial agreement with a client that includes enough detail about each party’s obligations to form the basis for a contract. Defense and Security contracts are usually executed over a long-term period but some of them must be renewed each year. For this segment, we only include a contract item in adjusted order intake when the customer has authorized the contract item and has received funding for it.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 19
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Adjusted backlog
Adjusted backlog is a supplementary financial measure that represents expected future revenues and includes obligated backlog, joint venture backlog and unfunded backlog and options:
–Obligated backlog represents the value of our adjusted order intake not yet executed and is calculated by adding the adjusted order intake of the current period to the balance of the obligated backlog at the end of the previous fiscal year, subtracting the revenue recognized in the current period and adding or subtracting backlog adjustments. If the amount of an order already recognized in a previous fiscal year is modified, the backlog is revised through adjustments;
–Joint venture backlog is obligated backlog that represents the expected value of our share of orders that our joint ventures have received but have not yet executed. Joint venture backlog is determined on the same basis as obligated backlog described above, but excludes any portion of orders that have been directly subcontracted to a CAE subsidiary, which are already reflected in the determination of obligated backlog;
–Unfunded backlog represents legally binding Defense and Security orders with the U.S. government that we have received but have not yet executed and for which funding authorization has not yet been obtained. The uncertainty relates to the timing of the funding authorization, which is influenced by the government’s budget cycle, based on a September year-end. Options are included in adjusted backlog when there is a high probability of being exercised, which we define as at least 80% probable, but multi-award indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (ID/IQ) contracts are excluded. When an option is exercised, it is considered adjusted order intake in that period, and it is removed from unfunded backlog and options.
Book-to-sales ratio
The book-to-sales ratio is a supplementary financial measure calculated by dividing adjusted order intake by revenue in a given period. We use it to monitor the level of future growth of the business over time.
9.2 Supplementary non-financial information definitions
Full-flight simulators (FFSs) in CAE's network
A FFS is a full-size replica of a specific make, model and series of an aircraft cockpit, including a motion system. In our count of FFSs in the network, we generally only include FFSs that are of the highest fidelity and do not include any fixed based training devices, or other lower-level devices, as these are typically used in addition to FFSs in the same approved training programs.
Simulator equivalent unit (SEU)
SEU is a measure we use to show the total average number of FFSs available to generate earnings during the period. For example, in the case of a 50/50 flight training joint venture, we will report only 50% of the FFSs under this joint venture as a SEU. If a FFS is being powered down and relocated, it will not be included as a SEU until the FFS is re-installed and available to generate earnings.
Utilization rate
Utilization rate is a measure we use to assess the performance of our Civil simulator training network. While utilization rate does not perfectly correlate to revenue recognized, we track it, together with other measures, because we believe it is an indicator of our operating performance. We calculate it by taking the number of training hours sold on our simulators during the period divided by the practical training capacity available for the same period.
9.3 Non-IFRS measure reconciliations
Reconciliation of adjusted segment operating income
| Defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions) | Civil Aviation | and Security | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 99.4 | $ | 89.8 | $ | 34.4 | $ | 18.8 | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 16.6 | — | 9.0 | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 8.2 | — | 5.8 | — | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 107.6 | $ | 106.4 | $ | 40.2 | $ | 27.8 | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
20 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Reconciliation of adjusted net income and adjusted EPS
| Three months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, after tax | — | 19.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs, after tax | 10.3 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net income | $ | 67.5 | $ | 67.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (diluted) | 321.1 | 318.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EPS | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of adjusted effective tax rate
| Three months ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except effective tax rates) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 79.2 | $ | 59.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted earnings before income taxes | $ | 93.2 | $ | 84.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | 19.0 | $ | 8.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 6.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on impairments and other gains and losses arising | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| from significant strategic transactions or specific events: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax impact on executive management transition costs | 3.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted income tax expense | $ | 22.7 | $ | 14.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | % | 24 | % | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted effective tax rate | % | 24 | % | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 21
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Reconciliation of EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, net debt-to-EBITDA and net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA
| Last twelve months ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions, except net debt-to-EBITDA ratios) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | $ | 754.4 | $ | (205.1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 430.6 | 376.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 1,185.0 | $ | 171.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | 30.9 | 142.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 22.3 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on fair value remeasurement of SIMCOM | (72.6) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholder matters | 10.6 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill | — | 568.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of technology and other non-financial assets | — | 35.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 1,176.2 | $ | 917.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt | $ | 3,236.1 | $ | 3,129.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt-to-EBITDA | 2.73 | 18.24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net debt-to-adjusted EBITDA | 2.75 | 3.41 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10. INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company is communicated to the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Interim Chief Financial Officer by others, particularly during the period in which annual and interim filings are prepared, and that information required to be disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by the Company under Canadian and U.S. securities laws is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified under those laws and the related rules.
As of June 30, 2025, management evaluated, under the supervision of and with the participation of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Interim Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined under National Instrument 52-109 adopted by the Canadian Securities Administrators and in Rule 13(a)-15(e) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
The Company has also established and maintains internal control over financial reporting, as defined under National Instrument 52-109 and in Rule 13(a)-15(f) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed, under the supervision of the President and Chief Executive Officer as well as the Interim Chief Financial Officer, and effected by management and other key CAE personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
22 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
11. SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| (amounts in millions, except per share amounts) | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Year to date | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,098.6 | — | — | — | 1,098.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | — | — | — | 60.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | — | — | — | 57.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | $ | 3.0 | — | — | — | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted EPS attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 0.18 | — | — | — | 0.18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.21 | — | — | — | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (basic) | 320.4 | — | — | — | 320.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (diluted) | 321.1 | — | — | — | 321.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,072.5 | 1,136.6 | 1,223.4 | 1,275.4 | 4,707.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 50.8 | 54.8 | 171.2 | 138.2 | 415.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | 48.3 | 52.5 | 168.6 | 135.9 | 405.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | $ | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 9.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted EPS attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.53 | 0.42 | 1.27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.47 | 1.21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (basic) | 318.6 | 318.7 | 319.0 | 320.0 | 319.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (diluted) | 318.8 | 319.1 | 319.8 | 321.1 | 319.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,012.0 | 1,050.0 | 1,094.5 | 1,126.3 | 4,282.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 67.8 | 61.1 | 59.1 | (484.3) | (296.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | 64.8 | 56.2 | 58.4 | (504.7) | (325.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | 0.5 | 2.2 | (1.9) | 20.5 | 21.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | $ | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.6 | (0.1) | 7.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted EPS attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.17 | (1.52) | (0.95) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.18 | (1.58) | (1.02) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | $ | — | 0.01 | (0.01) | 0.06 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EPS(1) | $ | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (basic) | 318.0 | 318.2 | 318.3 | 318.3 | 318.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average number of shares outstanding (diluted) | 318.8 | 319.2 | 319.1 | 318.3 | 318.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Non-IFRS financial measure, non-IFRS ratio, capital management measure, or supplementary financial measure. Refer to Section 9 “Non-IFRS and other financial measures and supplementary non-financial information” of this MD&A for the definitions and reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable measure under IFRS.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 23
Consolidated Interim Financial Statement
Consolidated Income Statement
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) | Notes | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | 2 | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 790.3 | 793.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 308.3 | $ | 278.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | 36.7 | 35.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 159.4 | 133.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (gains) and losses | — | (0.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of after-tax profit of equity accounted investees | 2 | (21.6) | (24.0) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance expense – net | 3 | 54.6 | 49.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 79.2 | $ | 59.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 19.0 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | 57.2 | $ | 48.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 3.0 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 4 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.
24 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Items that may be reclassified to net income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange differences on translation of foreign operations | $ | (218.8) | $ | 51.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on hedges of net investment in foreign operations | 112.9 | (19.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification to income of gains on foreign currency exchange differences | (1.7) | (0.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on cash flow hedges | 18.8 | (6.8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification to income of (gains) losses on cash flow hedges | (1.3) | 3.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | (4.7) | (1.0) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (94.8) | $ | 27.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Items that will never be reclassified to net income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement of defined benefit pension plan obligations | $ | 26.7 | $ | 2.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | (7.1) | (0.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 19.6 | $ | 1.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (75.2) | $ | 29.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (15.0) | $ | 80.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity holders of the Company | $ | (16.0) | $ | 77.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 1.0 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 25
Consolidated Interim Financial Statement
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
| (Unaudited) | June 30 | March 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | 2025 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 171.2 | $ | 293.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 537.7 | 612.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract assets | 491.9 | 482.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories | 616.4 | 595.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepayments | 88.7 | 78.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes recoverable | 62.4 | 59.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets | 28.1 | 23.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total current assets | $ | 1,996.4 | $ | 2,143.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment | 2,962.6 | 2,989.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | 771.3 | 788.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets | 3,730.0 | 3,871.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in equity accounted investees | 564.4 | 559.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits assets | 11.9 | 11.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | 177.8 | 191.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets | 9.1 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | 655.2 | 657.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,878.7 | $ | 11,213.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 965.9 | $ | 1,190.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provisions | 28.4 | 34.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | 19.6 | 18.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | 1,020.9 | 1,001.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 250.2 | 399.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial liabilities | 21.5 | 42.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | $ | 2,306.5 | $ | 2,686.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provisions | 14.0 | 14.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 3,157.1 | 3,071.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits obligations | 112.9 | 134.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 38.9 | 40.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial liabilities | 4.0 | 22.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | 254.2 | 268.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 5,887.6 | $ | 6,237.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share capital | $ | 2,339.3 | $ | 2,327.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributed surplus | 89.9 | 69.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 289.0 | 381.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | 2,189.6 | 2,112.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company | $ | 4,907.8 | $ | 4,891.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 83.3 | 84.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total equity | $ | 4,991.1 | $ | 4,976.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 10,878.7 | $ | 11,213.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.
26 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
| (Unaudited) | Attributable to equity holders of the Company | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30, 2025 | Common shares | Accumulated other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, | Number of | Stated | Contributed | comprehensive | Retained | Non-controlling | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| except number of shares) | Notes | shares | value | surplus | income | earnings | Total | interests | equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at March 31, 2025 | 320,265,108 | $ | 2,327.1 | $ | 69.8 | $ | 381.8 | $ | 2,112.8 | $ | 4,891.5 | $ | 84.5 | $ | 4,976.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 57.2 | $ | 57.2 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 60.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | — | — | — | (92.8) | 19.6 | (73.2) | (2.0) | (75.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (92.8) | $ | 76.8 | $ | (16.0) | $ | 1.0 | $ | (15.0) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 348,020 | 12.2 | (2.2) | — | — | 10.0 | — | 10.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of equity-settled awards | 817 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense, after tax | — | — | 22.3 | — | — | 22.3 | — | 22.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transactions with non-controlling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2.2) | (2.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at June 30, 2025 | 320,613,945 | $ | 2,339.3 | $ | 89.9 | $ | 289.0 | $ | 2,189.6 | $ | 4,907.8 | $ | 83.3 | $ | 4,991.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Attributable to equity holders of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30, 2024 | Common shares | Accumulated other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, | Number of | Stated | Contributed | comprehensive | Retained | Non-controlling | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| except number of shares) | shares | value | surplus | income | earnings | Total | interests | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at March 31, 2024 | 318,312,233 | $ | 2,252.9 | $ | 55.4 | $ | 154.0 | $ | 1,762.6 | $ | 4,224.9 | $ | 77.7 | $ | 4,302.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 48.3 | $ | 48.3 | $ | 2.5 | $ | 50.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | 27.3 | 1.7 | 29.0 | 0.5 | 29.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 27.3 | $ | 50.0 | $ | 77.3 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 80.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 965,075 | 24.2 | (3.0) | — | — | 21.2 | — | 21.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of equity-settled awards | 34,917 | 1.0 | (1.0) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of common shares | 4 | (463,500) | (3.3) | — | — | (8.4) | (11.7) | — | (11.7) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense, after tax | — | — | 16.3 | — | — | 16.3 | — | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as at June 30, 2024 | 318,848,725 | $ | 2,274.8 | $ | 67.7 | $ | 181.3 | $ | 1,804.2 | $ | 4,328.0 | $ | 80.7 | $ | 4,408.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 27
Consolidated Interim Financial Statement
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) | Notes | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 60.2 | $ | 50.8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments for: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 2 | 113.7 | 97.8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Share of after-tax profit of equity accounted investees | (21.6) | (24.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 6.3 | (5.6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment tax credits | (4.6) | (5.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Equity-settled share-based payments expense | 19.5 | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Defined benefit pension plans | 5.0 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | — | (2.6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative financial assets and liabilities – net | 2.9 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 7.8 | (5.8) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in non-cash working capital | 5 | (204.5) | (140.1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (15.3) | $ | (12.9) | ||||||||||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment expenditures | 2 | $ | (106.9) | $ | (92.6) | |||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment | 5.1 | 1.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets expenditures | 2 | (22.4) | (28.6) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net (payments to) proceeds from equity accounted investees | (13.1) | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends received from equity accounted investees | 20.1 | 10.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other | (3.4) | 0.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (120.6) | $ | (108.6) | ||||||||||||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from borrowing under revolving credit facilities | $ | 157.8 | $ | 119.6 | ||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from long-term debt | 3 | 75.3 | 10.5 | |||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | 3 | (207.6) | (25.1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of lease liabilities | (15.8) | (13.8) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net proceeds from the issuance of common shares | 10.0 | 21.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of common shares | 4 | — | (11.7) | |||||||||||||||||
| Other | (1.3) | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 18.4 | $ | 100.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents | $ | (5.0) | $ | 3.9 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (122.5) | $ | (16.9) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 293.7 | 160.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 171.2 | $ | 143.2 | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.
28 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
(Unless otherwise stated, all tabular amounts are in millions of Canadian dollars)
The consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on August 12, 2025.
NOTE 1 – NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of operations
CAE exists to make the world safer. CAE delivers cutting-edge training, simulation, and critical operations solutions to prepare aviation professionals and defence forces for the moments that matter.
CAE Inc. and its subsidiaries’ (CAE or the Company) operations are managed through two segments:
(i)Civil Aviation – Provides comprehensive training solutions for flight, cabin, maintenance, ground personnel and air traffic controllers in commercial, business and helicopter aviation, a complete range of flight simulation training devices, ab initio pilot training and crew sourcing services, as well as airline operations digital solutions;
(ii)Defense and Security – A global training and simulation provider delivering scalable, platform-independent solutions that enable and enhance force readiness and security.
CAE Inc. is incorporated and domiciled in Canada with its registered and main office located at 8585 Côte-de-Liesse, Saint-Laurent, Québec, Canada, H4T 1G6. CAE common shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) and on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
Seasonality and cyclicality of the business
The Company’s business operating segments are affected in varying degrees by market cyclicality and/or seasonality. As such, operating performance over a given interim period should not necessarily be considered indicative of full fiscal year performance.
The Company’s business, revenues and cash flows are affected by certain seasonal trends. In the Civil Aviation segment, the level of training delivered is driven by the availability of pilots to train, which tends to be lower in the second quarter as pilots are flying more and training less, thus, driving lower revenues. In the Defense and Security segment, revenue and cash collection is not as consistent across quarters throughout the year as contract awards and availability of funding are influenced by customers’ budget cycles.
Basis of preparation
The material accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated interim financial statements are consistent with those disclosed in Note 1 of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025. These policies have been consistently applied to all periods presented. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s most recent annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2025.
The consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Part I of the CPA Canada Handbook ‑ Accounting, IFRS Accounting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) applicable to the preparation of interim financial statements, IAS 34 – Interim Financial Reporting.
CAE Inc.’s consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is also the parent company’s functional currency.
Use of judgements, estimates and assumptions
The preparation of the consolidated interim financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures at the date of the consolidated interim financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes will be reported in the period in which they are identified. In preparing these consolidated interim financial statements, the significant judgements made by management in applying the Company’s accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those that applied to the consolidated financial statements of the year ended March 31, 2025.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 29
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
NOTE 2 – OPERATING SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
The Company elected to organize its operating segments principally on the basis of its customer markets. The Company manages its operations through its two segments: Civil Aviation and Defense and Security. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker.
The Company has decided to disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers by segment, by products and services and by geographic regions as the Company believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Results by segment
The profitability measure employed by the Company for making decisions about allocating resources to segments and assessing segment performance is adjusted segment operating income. Adjusted segment operating income is calculated by taking operating income and adjusting for restructuring, integration and acquisition costs, and impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events, which gives an indication of the profitability of each segment because it does not include the impact of items not specifically related to the segment’s performance. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, impairments and other gains and losses arising from significant strategic transactions or specific events consist of the executive management transition costs (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).
The accounting principles used to prepare the information by operating segments are the same as those used to prepare the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The method used for the allocation of assets jointly used by operating segments and costs and liabilities jointly incurred (mostly corporate costs) between operating segments is based on the level of consumption when determinable and measurable, otherwise the allocation is based on a proportion of each segment’s cost of sales and revenue.
Specified items included in the segment profitability measure are as follows:
| Defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | and Security | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External revenue | $ | 607.7 | $ | 587.6 | $ | 490.9 | $ | 484.9 | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 86.9 | 73.3 | 26.8 | 24.5 | 113.7 | 97.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share of after-tax profit of equity accounted investees | 14.0 | 18.3 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 21.6 | 24.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 201.1 | 187.7 | 107.2 | 91.0 | 308.3 | 278.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 99.4 | 89.8 | 34.4 | 18.8 | 133.8 | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | 107.6 | 106.4 | 40.2 | 27.8 | 147.8 | 134.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of adjusted segment operating income is as follows:
| Defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | and Security | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 99.4 | $ | 89.8 | $ | 34.4 | $ | 18.8 | $ | 133.8 | $ | 108.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring, integration and acquisition costs | — | 16.6 | — | 9.0 | — | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments and other gains and losses arising from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| significant strategic transactions or specific events: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive management transition costs | 8.2 | — | 5.8 | — | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted segment operating income | $ | 107.6 | $ | 106.4 | $ | 40.2 | $ | 27.8 | $ | 147.8 | $ | 134.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures by segment, which consist of property, plant and equipment expenditures and intangible assets expenditures (excluding those acquired in business combinations), are as follows:
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 80.6 | $ | 94.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 48.7 | 26.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital expenditures | $ | 129.3 | $ | 121.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Assets and liabilities employed by segment
The Company uses assets employed and liabilities employed to assess resources allocated to each segment. Assets employed include accounts receivable, contract assets, inventories, prepayments, property, plant and equipment, right-of-use assets, intangible assets, investment in equity accounted investees, derivative financial assets and other non-current assets. Liabilities employed include accounts payable and accrued liabilities, provisions, contract liabilities, derivative financial liabilities and other non-current liabilities.
Assets and liabilities employed by segment are reconciled to total assets and liabilities as follows:
| June 30 | March 31 | |||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2025 | |||||||||||||
| Assets employed | ||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 7,121.2 | $ | 7,263.4 | ||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 2,931.2 | 3,000.6 | ||||||||||||
| Assets not included in assets employed by segment | 826.3 | 949.8 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 10,878.7 | $ | 11,213.8 | ||||||||||
| Liabilities employed | ||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | $ | 1,283.2 | $ | 1,369.1 | ||||||||||
| Defense and Security | 869.0 | 1,009.3 | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities not included in liabilities employed by segment | 3,735.4 | 3,859.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 5,887.6 | $ | 6,237.8 | ||||||||||
Products and services information
The Company's revenue from external customers for its products and services are as follows:
| Defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Civil Aviation | and Security | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended June 30 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Products | $ | 154.1 | $ | 178.3 | $ | 221.6 | $ | 233.5 | $ | 375.7 | $ | 411.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Training, software and services | 453.6 | 409.3 | 269.3 | 251.4 | 722.9 | 660.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total external revenue | $ | 607.7 | $ | 587.6 | $ | 490.9 | $ | 484.9 | $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 31
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
Geographic information
The Company markets its products and services globally. Revenues are attributed to geographical regions based on the location of customers. Non-current assets other than financial instruments, deferred tax assets and employee benefits assets are attributed to geographical regions based on the location of the assets, excluding goodwill. Goodwill is presented by geographical regions based on the Company’s allocation of the related purchase price.
| Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | $ | 113.2 | $ | 103.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United States | 514.1 | 539.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | 64.1 | 68.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rest of Americas | 27.5 | 26.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | 142.6 | 150.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia | 191.7 | 133.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oceania and Africa | 45.4 | 51.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 1,098.6 | $ | 1,072.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30 | March 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets other than financial instruments, deferred tax assets and employee benefits assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | $ | 1,547.3 | $ | 1,541.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United States | 4,304.2 | 4,534.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | 396.6 | 399.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rest of Americas | 209.1 | 221.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | 1,251.9 | 1,162.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia | 585.9 | 610.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oceania and Africa | 186.3 | 188.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 8,481.3 | $ | 8,658.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
32 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
NOTE 3 – DEBT FACILITIES AND FINANCE EXPENSE – NET
| Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance expense: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt (other than lease liabilities) | $ | 37.7 | $ | 37.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lease liabilities | 12.1 | 8.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 11.2 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowing costs capitalized | (1.5) | (1.4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance expense | $ | 59.5 | $ | 54.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and investment in finance leases | $ | (3.3) | $ | (3.4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | (1.6) | (1.5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance income | $ | (4.9) | $ | (4.9) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance expense – net | $ | 54.6 | $ | 49.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revolving credit facility
In June 2025, the Company extended the maturity date of its US$1.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility by two years, until June 2030.
Term loans
In May 2025, the Company prepaid a US$125.0 million unsecured term loan due in July 2025.
In June 2025, the Company extended the maturity date of a US$200.0 million syndicated term loan, bearing interest at a variable rate, until June 2027.
In June 2025, the Company entered into an unsecured term loan agreement amounting to US$50.0 million maturing in June 2027, bearing interest at a variable rate.
NOTE 4 – SHARE CAPITAL AND EARNINGS PER SHARE
Share capital
Repurchase and cancellation of common shares
On June 6, 2025, the Company announced the renewal of the normal course issuer bid program (NCIB) to purchase, for cancellation, up to 16,019,294 of its common shares. The NCIB began on June 10, 2025 and will end on June 9, 2026 or on such earlier date when the Company completes its purchases or elects to terminate the NCIB. These purchases may be made through the facilities of the TSX or the NYSE, or in such other manner as may be permitted under applicable stock exchange rules and securities laws, at the prevailing market price at the time of acquisition, plus brokerage fees. All common shares purchased pursuant to the NCIB will be cancelled.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, no common shares were repurchased under the NCIB (2024 – 463,500 at a weighted average price of $25.21 per common share for a total consideration of $11.7 million).
Earnings per share computation
The denominators for the basic and diluted earnings per share computations are as follows:
| Three months ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 320,370,583 | 318,630,159 | |||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive stock options and other equity-settled share-based payments | 748,633 | 207,970 | |||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||
| for diluted earnings per share calculation | 321,119,216 | 318,838,129 | |||||||||||||||
For the three months ended June 30, 2025, stock options to acquire 1,075,255 common shares (2024 – 3,662,225) have been excluded from the above calculation since their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 33
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
NOTE 5 – SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOWS INFORMATION
Changes in non-cash working capital are as follows:
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | 52.3 | $ | 53.3 | ||||||||||
| Contract assets | (22.8) | 4.7 | ||||||||||||
| Inventories | (25.0) | (66.3) | ||||||||||||
| Prepayments | (17.7) | (17.8) | ||||||||||||
| Income taxes | (4.5) | (24.5) | ||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (206.9) | (108.2) | ||||||||||||
| Provisions | (6.3) | (2.6) | ||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | 26.4 | 21.3 | ||||||||||||
| $ | (204.5) | $ | (140.1) | |||||||||||
Supplemental information:
| Three months ended June 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest paid | $ | 49.9 | $ | 42.7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest received | 5.3 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes paid | 13.6 | 34.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
NOTE 6 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of a financial instrument is determined by reference to the available market information at the reporting date. When no active market exists for a financial instrument, the Company determines the fair value of that instrument based on valuation methodologies as discussed below. In determining assumptions required under a valuation model, the Company primarily uses external, readily observable market data inputs. Assumptions or inputs that are not based on observable market data incorporate the Company’s best estimates of market participant assumptions. Counterparty credit risk and the Company’s own credit risk are taken into account in estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities.
The following assumptions and valuation methodologies have been used to measure the fair value of financial instruments:
(i)The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values due to their short-term maturities;
(ii)The fair value of derivative instruments, which include forward contracts, swap agreements and embedded derivatives accounted for separately and is calculated as the present value of the estimated future cash flows using an appropriate interest rate yield curve and forward foreign exchange rate. Assumptions are based on market conditions prevailing at each reporting date. The fair value of derivative instruments reflect the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or pay to settle the contracts at the reporting date;
(iii)The fair value of the equity investments, which does not have a readily available market value, is estimated using a discounted cash flow model, which includes some assumptions that are not based on observable market prices or rates;
(iv)The fair value of non-current receivables is estimated based on discounted cash flows using current interest rates for instruments with similar risks and remaining maturities;
(v)The fair value of long-term debts, royalties obligations and other non-current liabilities are estimated based on discounted cash flows using current interest rates for instruments with similar risks and remaining maturities.
Fair value hierarchy
The fair value hierarchy reflects the significance of the inputs used in making the measurements and has the following levels:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices in markets that are not active) or indirectly (i.e. quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities);
Level 3: Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
Each type of fair value is categorized based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
34 I CAE First Quarter Report 2026
Notes to the Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments, by category, are as follows:
| June 30 | March 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level | Carrying value | Fair value | Carrying value | Fair value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets (liabilities) measured at FVTPL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 | $ | 171.2 | $ | 171.2 | $ | 293.7 | $ | 293.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity swap agreements | Level 2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 13.0 | 13.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forward foreign currency contracts | Level 2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | (6.4) | (6.4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative assets (liabilities) designated in a hedge relationship | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency and interest rate swap agreements | Level 2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | (14.4) | (14.4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forward foreign currency contracts | Level 2 | (3.1) | (3.1) | (31.9) | (31.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets (liabilities) measured at amortized cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable(1) | Level 2 | 478.9 | 478.9 | 567.7 | 567.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in finance leases | Level 2 | 130.2 | 124.9 | 142.0 | 135.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets(2) | Level 2 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 79.5 | 79.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(3) | Level 2 | (748.3) | (748.3) | (914.4) | (914.4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total long-term debt(4) | Level 2 | (2,634.4) | (2,656.2) | (2,684.7) | (2,700.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities(5) | Level 2 | (79.6) | (74.4) | (91.4) | (84.8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial assets measured at FVOCI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | Level 3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | (2,584.9) | $ | (2,606.8) | $ | (2,645.9) | $ | (2,661.4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Includes trade receivables, accrued receivables and certain other receivables.
(2) Includes non-current receivables and certain other non-current assets.
(3) Includes trade accounts payable, accrued liabilities, interest payable and current royalty obligations.
(4) Excludes lease liabilities. The carrying value of long-term debt excludes transaction costs.
(5) Includes non-current royalty obligations and other non-current liabilities.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, there were no significant changes in level 3 financial instruments.
CAE First Quarter Report 2026 I 35