HSPOF 10-Q
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp. (HSPOF)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
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incorporation or organization) |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (clso§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
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| Emerging Growth Company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
As of the date hereof, there were
HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited)
HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP |
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CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS |
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| September 30, 2025 |
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| December 31, 2024 |
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Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash |
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Prepaid expenses |
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Total current assets |
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Investments held in Trust Account |
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Total Assets |
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Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders' Deficit |
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Current liabilities: |
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Promissory notes |
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Extension loan - related party |
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Working Capital Loan- related party |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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Total current liabilities |
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Deferred underwriters' discount |
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Total Liabilities |
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Commitments and Contingencies |
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Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, |
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Shareholders' Deficit: |
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Preference shares, $ |
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Ordinary shares, $ |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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Accumulated deficit |
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Total Shareholders' Deficit |
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Total Liabilities, Temporary Equity, and Shareholders' Deficit |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements. | |||||||||
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| Table of Contents |
HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP | ||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||
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| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 |
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Formation and operating costs |
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Loss from operations |
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Other income |
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Interest and dividend income on investments held in Trust |
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Net Income |
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Basic and diluted weighted average redeemable ordinary shares outstanding |
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Basic and diluted net income per redeemable ordinary shares |
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Basic and diluted weighted average non-redeemable ordinary shares outstanding |
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Basic and diluted net loss per non-redeemable ordinary share |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements. | ||||||||||||||||
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| Table of Contents |
HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP | ||||||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' DEFICIT | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 |
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| Additional |
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Balance as of December 31, 2024 (Audited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of June 30, 2025 (Unaudited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) |
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Balance as of December 31, 2023 (Audited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of March 31, 2024 (Unaudited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) |
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Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Net Income |
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Balance as of September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Table of Contents |
HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP | ||||||||
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | ||||||||
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Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
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Net income |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: |
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Interest and dividend income on investments held in Trust Account |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Prepaid expenses |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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Net Cash Used in Operating Activities |
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Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
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Proceeds from sale of investments in the Trust Account |
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Monthly extension fee deposited into Trust Account |
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Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities |
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Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
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Proceeds from working capital loan - related party |
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Proceeds from extension loan - related party |
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Proceeds from promissory notes |
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Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities |
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Net Change in Cash |
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Cash, beginning of period |
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Cash, end of period |
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Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
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Subsequent accretion of carrying value of public shares to redemption value |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements. | ||||||||
| 6 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Note 1 — Organization, Business Operation and Going Concern Consideration
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp. (the “Company”) is a blank check company incorporated in the Cayman Islands on June 14, 2022. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”). The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had not commenced any operations. For the period from June 14, 2022 (inception) through September 30, 2025, the Company’s efforts have been limited to organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the IPO, described below, and, after the IPO, identifying a target company for an initial Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company will generate non-operating income in the form of interest and dividend income from the proceeds derived from the IPO (as defined below).
The registration statement for the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) became effective on December 21, 2022. On December 27, 2022 the Company consummated the IPO of
Substantially concurrently with the closing of the IPO, the Company completed the private sale of
The Company also issued to the underwriter and/or its designees,
Transaction costs amounted to $
Following the closing of the IPO and the issuance and the sale of Private Placement Units on December 27, 2022, $
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| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
The Company’s initial Business Combination must occur with one or more target businesses that together have an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding deferred underwriting commissions and interest income earned on the Trust Account that is released for working capital purposes or to pay taxes) at the time of the agreement to enter the initial Business Combination. However, the Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires an interest in the target sufficient for the post-transaction company not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully.
The ordinary shares subject to redemption are being recorded at a redemption value and classified as temporary equity upon the completion of the IPO, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” In such case, the Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $
On March 22, 2024, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (the “2024 Extraordinary Meeting”) where the shareholders of the Company approved various proposals, including to amend its amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to provide that the Company has until March 27, 2024 to complete a Business Combination and may elect to extend the period to consummate a Business Combination up to nine times, each by an additional Monthly Extension, for a total up to nine months to December 27, 2024. For each Monthly Extension, the Sponsor and/or its designee will deposit $
On December 23, 2024, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (the “2024 December Extraordinary Meeting”) where the shareholders of the Company approved various proposals, including to amend its amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to provide that the Company has until December 27, 2024 to complete a Business Combination and may elect to extend the period to consummate a Business Combination up to nine times, each by an additional monthly extension (the “Additional Monthly Extension”), for a total up to twelve months to December 27, 2025. For each Additional Monthly Extension, the Sponsor and/or its designee will deposit $
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| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
On October 27, 2025, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting in lieu of an annual meeting of shareholders (the “2025 Shareholder Meeting”), where the shareholders of the Company approved certain proposals, including, among others, the proposals to amend Articles 48.7 and 48.8 of the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to provide that the Company must (i) consummate a business combination, or (ii) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such business combination and redeem or repurchase 100% of the Company’s public shares included as part of the Public Units, and if the Company does not consummate a business combination by October 27, 2025, it may be extended up to six times, each by a monthly extension (a “Monthly Extension”), for a total of up to six months to April 27, 2026, without the need for any further approval of the Company’s shareholders. At the 2025 Shareholder Meeting, the shareholders of the Company also approved the proposal to amend Articles 48.2, 48.4, 48.5, and 48.8 of Company’s the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to eliminate the limitation that the Company may not redeem the Company’s public shares in an amount that would cause the Company’s net tangible assets to be less than US$5,000,001 following such redemptions.
From September 2023 to December 2023, an aggregate of $
From January 2024 to December 2024, twelve Extension Fee in a total of $
In connection with the Company’s historical extensions, from January 2025 to the date hereof, nine (9) Monthly Extension Fees in a total of $
As a result, from January 2025 to the date hereof, the Company issued a total of nine (9) unsecured promissory notes to Squirrel Group Companies (six (6) to Squirrel HK and one (1) to Squirrel Shenzhen, respectively) and one (1) unsecured promissory note to the Sponsor (the “Sponsor Extension Note A”) in connection with the payment for the Monthly Extension Fee (collectively, the “Extension Notes”).
Currently, pursuant to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the Company has until November 27, 2025 to consummate its initial business combination, which could be extended up to April 26, 2026 by five Monthly Extensions.
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| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Business Combination Agreement
On September 16, 2024, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Business Combination Agreement”) with Squirrel Enlivened Technology Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Squirrel HoldCo”), Squirrel Enlivened International Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Squirrel HoldCo (“Squirrel Cayman” or, upon and following the Reorganization, “Parent”), Squirrel Enlivened Overseas Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Squirrel Cayman (“Merger Sub”).
Squirrel HoldCo, through Shenzhen Squirrel Enlivened Media Group Co., Ltd, a limited liability company established under the laws of China (“Shenzhen Squirrel”), and Squirrel HoldCo’s other subsidiaries, is in the business of brand marketing and strategy consulting.
Pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, among other things, (a) Squirrel HoldCo will merge with and into Squirrel Cayman in accordance with the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands (the “Cayman Companies Act”), whereupon the separate existence of Squirrel HoldCo will cease, and Squirrel Cayman will be the surviving company (the “Reorganization”), and (b) at least one (1) business day after the closing of the Reorganization (the “Reorganization Closing”), Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company in accordance with the Cayman Companies Act, whereupon the separate existence of Merger Sub will cease, and the Company will be the surviving company (the “Merger”). As a result of the Reorganization and the Merger, among other things, (a) all of the issued and outstanding securities of Squirrel HoldCo immediately prior to the filing of the plan of merger with respect to the Reorganization (the “Plan of Reorganization”) to the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands, or such later time as may be specified in the Plan of Reorganization (the “Reorganization Effective Time”) shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled, in exchange for the right of the holders thereof to receive a certain number of securities of Squirrel Cayman as described below, and (b) all of the issued and outstanding securities of the Company immediately prior to the filing of the plan of merger with respect to the Merger (the “Plan of Merger”) to the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands, or such later time as may be specified in the Plan of Merger (the “Merger Effective Time”) shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled, in exchange for the right of the holders thereof to receive substantially equivalent securities of Parent, in each case, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Business Combination Agreement and in accordance with the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act and other applicable laws.
Effective October 3, 2025, the Company and Squirrel HoldCo entered into a termination agreement (the “Termination Agreement”), which provides for the termination of the Business Combination Agreement.
The termination was by mutual agreement of the Company and Squirrel HoldCo pursuant to Section 10.1(a) of the Business Combination Agreement and no termination fee or other payment is due to either party from the other as a result of the termination. The effect of the termination of the Business Combination Agreement is as set forth in Section 10.2 of the Business Combination Agreement.
| 10 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Going Concern Consideration
As of September 30, 2025, the Company had cash of $
The Company’s cash and working capital as of September 30, 2025, are not sufficient to complete its planned activities to consummate a Business Combination for the upcoming year. In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company’s board of directors would proceed to commence a voluntary liquidation and thereby a formal dissolution of the Company. There is no assurance that the Company’s plans to consummate a Business Combination will be successful within the Combination Period. As a result, management has determined that such additional conditions also raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with information included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2025.
Emerging Growth Company Status
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart The Company’s Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
| 11 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $
Furthermore, recent bank failures, non-performance, or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions could impair the ability of one or more of the banks participating in the credit facility from honoring their commitments. Such events could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Investments Held in Trust Account
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in mutual funds. The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Interest and dividend income earned from investments held in Trust Account and gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of investments held in Trust Account are included in interest and dividend income on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying statements of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in Trust Account are determined using available market information. Income earned on these investments will be fully reinvested into the investments held in the Trust Account and therefore considered as an adjustment to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities in the condensed statements of cash flows. Such income reinvested will be used to redeem all or a portion of the ordinary shares upon the completion of Business Combination. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there were $
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, whether they meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. As the Company’s warrants meet all the criteria for equity classification, so the Company will classify each warrant as its own equity.
| 12 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s public shares feature certain redemption rights that are outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024,
Net Income (Loss) Per Ordinary Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net income (loss) less interest and dividend income and unrealized gain or loss on investments in the Trust Account less any dividends paid. The Company then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the ordinary shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders. The conversion feature of promissory note should be considered based on ASU 2020-06. However, the conversion features do not have impact to earnings per share calculation, because company suffered loss in private share for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. As a result, diluted income (loss) per share is the same as basic income (loss) per share for the period presented.
The net income (loss) per share presented in the statement of operations is based on the following:
|
| For the Three months ended September 30, 2025 |
|
| For the Three months ended September 30, 2024 |
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| For the Nine months ended September 30, 2025 |
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| For the Nine months ended September 30, 2024 |
| ||||
Net (loss) /income |
| $ |
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| $ |
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| $ |
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| $ |
| ||||
Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value |
|
| ( | ) |
|
| ( | ) |
|
| ( | ) |
|
| ( | ) |
Net loss including accretion of temporary equity |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
|
| For the Three Months Ended |
|
| For the Three Months Ended |
| ||||||||||
|
| September 30, 2025 |
|
| September 30, 2024 |
| ||||||||||
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| Non- |
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| Non- |
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| Redeemable |
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| Redeemable |
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| Redeemable |
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| Redeemable |
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| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
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Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: |
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Numerators: |
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Allocation of net loss including carrying value to redemption value |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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Allocation of net income/(loss) |
| $ |
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| $ | ( | ) |
| $ |
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| $ | ( | ) | ||
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Denominators: |
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Weighted-average shares outstanding |
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Basic and diluted net income/ (loss) per share |
| $ |
|
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ |
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| $ | ( | ) | ||
| 13 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
|
| For the Nine months Ended |
|
| For the Nine months Ended |
| ||||||||||
|
| September 30, 2025 |
|
| September 30, 2024 |
| ||||||||||
|
|
|
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| Non- |
|
|
|
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| Non- |
| ||||
|
| Redeemable |
|
| Redeemable |
|
| Redeemable |
|
| Redeemable |
| ||||
|
| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
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| Ordinary |
| ||||
|
| Share |
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| Share |
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| Share |
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| Share |
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Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: |
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Numerators: |
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Allocation of net loss including carrying value to redemption value |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
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| ||||
Allocation of net income/(loss) |
| $ |
|
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ |
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| $ | ( | ) | ||
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Denominators: |
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Weighted-average shares outstanding |
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| ||||
Basic and diluted net income/(loss) per share |
| $ |
|
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ |
|
| $ | ( | ) | ||
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
| 14 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
· | Level 1 - Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not being applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment. |
|
|
· | Level 2 - Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets or liabilities, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market through correlation or other means. |
|
|
· | Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature.
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the assets held in the Trust Account are invested in the BlackRock Liquidity Treasury Trust Fund, a money market mutual fund. All of the Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities.
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value.
|
| September 30, 2025 |
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| December 31, 2024 |
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| Investment |
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| Level |
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Assets: |
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Investments held in Trust Account |
|
| 1 |
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| $ |
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| 1 |
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| $ |
| ||
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. The Company has identified Cayman Islands as its only “major” tax jurisdiction, as defined. Based on the Company’s evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements. Since the Company was incorporated on June 14, 2022, the evaluation was performed for both 2022, 2023, and 2024 tax years which will be the only periods subject to examination. The Company believes that its income tax positions and deductions would be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material change to its financial position. The Company’s policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such items as a component of income tax expense.
| 15 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Income earned from U.S. debt obligations held in the Trust Account is intended to qualify for the portfolio income exemption or otherwise be exempt from U.S. withholding taxes. Furthermore, shareholders of the Company’s shares may be subject to tax in their respective jurisdictions based on applicable law, for instance, United States persons may be subject to tax on amounts deemed received depending on whether the Company is a passive foreign investment company and whether U.S. persons have made any applicable tax elections permitted under applicable law. The provision for income taxes was deemed to be immaterial for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
The Company may be subject to potential examination by foreign taxing authorities in the area of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with foreign tax laws.
The Company’s tax provision was deemed to be de minimis for the period presented. The Company is considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands Company and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
Note 3 — Initial Public Offering
On December 27, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of
All of the
The Company’s redeemable ordinary share is subject to the SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement is treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
| 16 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amounts of ordinary shares reflected on the condensed balance sheets are reconciled in the following table.
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2023 |
| $ |
| |
Less: |
|
|
|
|
Redemptions |
|
| ( | ) |
Plus: |
|
|
|
|
Subsequent accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
|
|
| |
Monthly extension fees deposited |
|
|
| |
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2024 |
|
|
| |
Plus: |
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|
Subsequent accretion of carrying value to redemption value |
|
|
| |
Monthly extension fees deposited |
|
|
| |
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, September 30, 2025 |
| $ |
|
Note 4 — Private Placement
Substantially concurrently with the closing of the IPO, the Company completed the private sale of
Note 5 — Promissory Notes
Pursuant to the non-binding LOI and the Business Combination Agreement, PubCo has agreed to deposit the agreed reasonable amount into the Company’s Trust Account in order to effectuate the extension of the Company’s deadline to consummate a Business Combination. Squirrel HK had deposited a total of seven (7) Extension Fees and Shenzhen Squirrel has deposited one (1) Extension Fee, respectively, each in the amount of $
Among the Target Extension Notes, (1) the Target Extension Notes from October 2023 to August 2024 bear no interest and are payable in full upon the earlier to occur of (i) the consummation of the Company’s initial Business Combination or (ii) the date of expiration of the term of the Company (the “Maturity Date”). As the payee of such Target Extension Notes, Shenzhen Squirrel, has the right, but not the obligation, to convert the Target Extension Notes, in whole or in part, respectively, into private units (the “Extension Units”) of the Company, each consisting of one ordinary share, one warrant, and one right to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one ordinary share upon the consummation of its initial Business Combination.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had borrowings of $
| 17 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Note 6 — Related Party Transactions
Founder Shares
On June 14, 2022, the Company issued
Simultaneously with the effectiveness of the registration statement and prior to the closing of the IPO (including the full exercise of over-allotment option), the Sponsor transferred to the Company’s independent directors, Messrs. Angel Colon, Mark Singh, and Rodolfo Jose Gonzalez Caceres,
The transfer of the Founders Shares to the Company’s independent directors, as described above, is within the scope of FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, share-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date. The fair value of the
Promissory Notes — Related Party
On August 30, 2022, the Sponsor agreed to loan the Company up to $
On September 26, 2023, in connection with the payment of the Extension Fee, the Company issued an unsecured promissory in the principal amount of $
In September 2025, in connection with the payment of the Extension Fee, the Company issued an unsecured promissory in the principal amount of $
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had borrowings of $
Working Capital Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial Business Combination, or to extend the Combination Period, the Sponsor or an affiliate of the Sponsor or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required. Any such loans would be on an interest-free basis and would be repaid only from funds held outside the Trust Account or from funds released to the Company upon completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination. Up to $
| 18 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
On April 12, 2024, October 8, 2024, February 5, 2025 and June 13, 2025 the Company issued unsecured promissory notes in the total principal amount of $
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had $
Note 7 — Commitments & Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the Founder Shares and Private Placement Units (and any securities underlying the Private Placement Units) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the effective date of the IPO requiring the Company to register such securities for resale. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form registration demands, that the Company registers such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the Company’s completion of its initial Business Combination and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
On September 29, 2025, the Company entered into an amendment (the “UA Amendment”) to the underwriting agreement dated as of December 21, 2022 (the “Underwriting Amendment”) with Network 1 Financial Securities, Inc. (“Network 1”), the representative of several underwriters of the IPO. Under the Underwriting Agreement, Network 1 will be entitled to a deferred fee of
Pursuant to the UA Amendment, Network 1
Representative Shares
The Company issued to the underwriter and/or its designees,
| 19 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Note 8 — Shareholder’s Equity
The Company is authorized to issue
On June 14, 2022, the Company issued
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were
Ordinary shareholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by shareholders. Holders of ordinary shares will vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s shareholders except as required by law. Unless specified in the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, or as required by applicable provisions of the Companies Act or applicable stock exchange rules, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Company’s ordinary shares that are voted is required to approve any such matter voted on by the Company’s shareholders. Approval of certain actions will require a special resolution under Cayman Islands law, being the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the Company’s ordinary shares that are voted, and pursuant to the memorandum and articles of association; such actions include amending the memorandum and articles of association and approving a statutory merger or consolidation with another company.
Warrants — Each whole warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one whole ordinary share at a price of $
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024,
The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable after the closing of the initial Business Combination, the Company will use its best efforts to file, and within 60 business days following the closing of the initial Business Combination to have declared effective, a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants, and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement and a current prospectus relating to those ordinary shares until the warrants expire or are redeemed, as specified in the warrant agreement; provided that if the Company’s ordinary shares are at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, the Company may, at the Company’s option, require holders of public warrants who exercise their warrants to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event the Company so elects, the Company will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, and the Company will use its commercially reasonably efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. If a registration statement covering the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants is not effective by the 60th business day after the closing of the initial Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company will have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act or another exemption, and the Company will use its best efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available.
| 20 |
| Table of Contents |
Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp.
Notes To Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants:
| ● | in whole and not in part; |
|
|
|
| ● | at a price of $ |
|
|
|
| ● | upon a minimum of |
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|
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| ● | if, and only if, the closing price of the ordinary shares equals or exceeds $ |
|
|
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| ● | if, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the ordinary shares underlying such warrants at the time of redemption and for the entire |
Note 9 — Segment information
ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statement information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker, or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has adopted the guidance in ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, in the accompanying financial statements using the retrospective method of adoption.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer (“CODM”), who reviews the operating results for the Company as a whole to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, management has determined that the Company only has one operating and reportable segment.
When evaluating the Company’s performance and making key decisions regarding resource allocation the CODM reviews several key metrics, which include the following:
|
| Three months ended September 30, 2025 |
|
| Three months ended September 30, 2024 |
|
| Nine months ended September 30, 2025 |
|
| Nine months ended September 30, 2024 |
| ||||
Professional services fee in connection with Business Combination |
| $ |
|
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) |
| $ | ( | ) | |
Other formation and operating costs |
|
| ( | ) |
|
| ( | ) |
|
| ( | ) |
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The key measures of segment profit or loss reviewed by our CODM are interest earned on investment in Trust Account and formation and operating expenses. The CODM reviews interest earned on investment in Trust Account to measure and monitor shareholder value and determine the most effective strategy of investment with the Trust Account funds while maintaining compliance with the trust agreement. Within formation and operating costs, the CODM specifically reviews professional service fees in connection with the business combination, which are a significant segment expense, and include legal fees, and advisory fees, as these represent significant costs affecting the Company’s consummation of the Business Combination. Other formation and operating costs, including accounting expenses, printing expenses, and regulatory filing fees, are reviewed in aggregate to ensure alignment with budget and contractual obligations. These expenses are monitored to manage and forecast cash available to complete a business combination within the required period.
Note 10 — Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through November 25, 2025. Based on this review, management identified the following subsequent events that are required disclosures in the financial statements.
In connection with the votes to approve the NTA Requirement Amendment Proposal and the Charter Amendment Proposal at the 2025 Shareholder Meeting held on October 27, 2025,
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in our other Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings. References to the “Company,” “HSPO,” “us,” “our,” or “we” refer to Horizon Space Acquisition I Corp. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed financial statements and related notes herein.
Overview
We are a blank check company formed under the laws of Cayman Island on June 14, 2022, for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses. We intend to effectuate our business combination using cash derived from the proceeds of the initial public offering (the “IPO”), our securities, debt or a combination of cash, securities and debt, in effecting a business combination.
We presently have no revenue, have had losses since inception from incurring formation and operating costs and have had no operations other than identifying and evaluating suitable acquisition transaction candidates. We have relied upon the working capital available to us following the consummation of the IPO and the Private Placement (as defined below) to fund our operations, as well as the funds loaned by the Sponsor (as defined below), our officers, directors or their affiliates. We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to raise capital or to complete our initial business combination will be successful.
On December 27, 2022, we consummated the IPO of 6,900,000 units (including 900,000 units issued upon the full exercise of the over-allotment option, the “Public Units”). Each Public Unit consists of one ordinary share, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Ordinary Shares”), one redeemable warrant (the “Warrant”), each Warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one Ordinary Share at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, and one right (the “Right”), each one Right entitling the holder thereof to exchange for one-tenth of one Ordinary Share upon the completion of our initial business combination. The Public Units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $69,000,000.
On December 27, 2022, substantially concurrently with the closing of the IPO, we completed the private sale (the “Private Placement”) of 385,750 units (the “Private Units”) to the Company’s sponsor, Horizon Space Acquisition I Sponsor Corp. (the “Sponsor”), at a purchase price of $10.00 per Private Placement Unit, generating gross proceeds to the Company of $3,857,500.
The proceeds of $70,207,500 ($10.175 per Public Unit) in the aggregate from the IPO and the Private Placement, were placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) established for the benefit of the Company’s public shareholders and the underwriters of the IPO with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee (the “Trustee).
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Commencing on or about January 26, 2023, the holders of the Public Units may select to separately trade the Ordinary Shares, Warrants, and Rights included in the Public Units. The Ordinary Shares, Warrants, and Rights are currently traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “HSPO,” “HSPOW,” and “HSPOR”, respectively. Public Units not separated will continue to trade on Nasdaq under the symbol “HSPOU.”
Recent Developments
October 2025 Shareholder Meeting
On October 27, 2025, we held an extraordinary general meeting in lieu of an annual meeting of shareholders (the “2025 Shareholder Meeting”), where the shareholders of the Company approved certain proposals, including, among others, the proposals to amend Articles 48.7 and 48.8 of the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to provide that the Company must (i) consummate a business combination, or (ii) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such business combination and redeem or repurchase 100% of the Company’s public shares included as part of the public units issued in the Company’s initial public offering, by October 27, 2025, and if the Company does not consummate a business combination by October 27, 2025, it may be extended up to six times, each by a monthly extension (a “Monthly Extension”), for a total of up to six months to April 27, 2026, without the need for any further approval of the Company’s shareholders. At the 2025 Shareholder Meeting, the shareholders of the Company also approved the proposal to amend Articles 48.2, 48.4, 48.5, and 48.8 of the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to eliminate the limitation that the Company may not redeem the Company’s public shares in an amount that would cause the Company’s net tangible assets to be less than US$5,000,001 following such redemptions.
In connection with the 2025 Shareholder Meeting, the Company received redemption requests from its public shareholders to redeem a total of 1,764,505 Ordinary Shares and approximately $22.0 million was released from the Trust Account to pay such redeeming shareholders.
Further, at the 2025 Shareholder Meeting, the shareholders of the Company also approved, among other things, that the Trustee must commence liquidation of the Trust Account by October 27, 2025, or, if further extended by up to six Monthly Extensions, up to April 27, 2026. Upon the shareholders’ approval, on October 27, 2025, the Company and the Trustee entered into an amendment to the Trust Agreement accordingly.
Termination of the Business Combination Agreement
Effective October 3, 2025, the Company and Squirrel Enlivened Technology Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Squirrel HoldCo”) entered into a termination agreement (the “Termination Agreement”), which provides for the termination of the business combination agreement dated September 16, 2024 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among the Company, Squirrel HoldCo, Squirrel Enlivened International Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Squirrel HoldCo (“Squirrel Cayman”), and Squirrel Enlivened Overseas Co., Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Squirrel Cayman.
The termination was by mutual agreement of the Company and Squirrel HoldCo pursuant to Section 10.1(a) of the Business Combination Agreement and no termination fee or other payment is due to either party from the other as a result of the termination. The effect of the termination of the Business Combination Agreement is as set forth in Section 10.2 of the Business Combination Agreement.
As of the date hereof, we have not selected any other target business for our initial business combination.
Amendment to the Underwriting Agreement
On September 29, 2025, the Company entered into an amendment to the underwriting agreement dated as of December 21, 2022 (the “UA Amendment”) with Network 1 Financial Securities, Inc. (“Network 1”), the representative of several underwriters of the IPO.
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Pursuant to the UA Amendment, Network 1 agrees to convert the total amount of its deferred underwriting commission in the amount of $2,415,000, or 3.5% of the gross proceeds from the IPO, into 805,000 Ordinary Shares of the post-combination entity at $3.00 per share (the “Deferred Underwriting Shares”) immediately prior to the consummation of the Company’s initial business combination. The Company agrees to register the Deferred Underwriting Shares under the registration statement to be filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended in connection with the initial business combination. If the Company fails to register such Deferred Underwriting Shares, Network 1 is entitled to up to two (2) demand registrations and an unlimited number of piggyback registrations with respect to such Deferred Underwriting Shares.
Extensions and Extension Notes
In connection with the Company’s historical extensions, from January 2025 to the date hereof, nine (7) Monthly Extension Fees in a total of $1,080,000 were deposited into the Trust Account for the public shareholders, among which (i) $120,000 was made by the Sponsor, and (ii) $960,000 was made by Squirrel Enlivened (Hong Kong) Technology Limited (“Squirrel HK”) and Shenzhen Squirrel Enlivened Media Group Co., Ltd (“Squirrel Shenzhen” and together with Squirrel HK, the “Squirrel Group Companies”) pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement.
As a result, from January 2025 to the date hereof, the Company issued a total of nine (9) unsecured promissory notes to Squirrel Group Companies (6 to Squirrel HK and 1 to Squirrel Shenzhen, respectively) and one (1) unsecured promissory note to the Sponsor (the “Sponsor Extension Note”) in connection with the payment for the Monthly Extension Fee (collectively, the “Extension Notes”).
Currently, pursuant to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the Company has until November 27, 2025 to consummate its initial business combination, which could be extended up to April 26, 2026 by five Monthly Extensions.
Working Capital Loans
On June 13, 2025, the Company issued one unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $300,000 to the Sponsor (the “Sponsor Working Capital Note” together with the Extension Notes, collectively, the “Notes” and, the Sponsor Working Capital Note together with the Sponsor Extension Note, collectively, the “Sponsor Notes”). The proceeds of the Sponsor Working Capital Note, which may be drawn down from time to time until the Company consummates its initial business combination, will be used for general working capital purposes.
The Sponsor Notes bear no interest and are payable in full upon the earlier to occur of (i) the consummation of the Company’s business combination or (ii) the date of expiry of the term of the Company (the “Maturity Date”). The following shall constitute an event of default: (i) a failure to pay the principal within five business days of the Maturity Date; (ii) the commencement of a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy action, (iii) the breach of the Company’s obligations thereunder; (iv) any cross defaults; (v) an enforcement proceedings against the Company; and (vi) any unlawfulness and invalidity in connection with the performance of the obligations thereunder, in which case the Notes may be accelerated.
The payees of the Sponsor Notes have the right, but not the obligation, to convert the Sponsor Notes, in whole or in part, respectively, into private units (the “Conversion Units”) of the Company, each consisting of one Ordinary Share, one warrant, and one right to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one Ordinary Share upon the consummation of a business combination, as described in the Company’s prospectus dated December 22, 2022 filed with the SEC, relating to the IPO (File No: 333-268578), by providing the Company with written notice of the intention to convert at least two business days prior to the closing of the business combination. The number of Conversion Units to be received by the payees in connection with such conversion shall be an amount determined by dividing (x) the sum of the outstanding principal amount payable to the payees by (y) $10.00.
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Results of Operations and Known Trends or Future Events
We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our activities from inception through September 30, 2025 involved mainly searching for a suitable target for our initial business combination. There has been no significant change in our financial or trading position and no material adverse change has occurred since the date of our audited financial statements. After the IPO, we incur increased expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for expenses associated with the search for target opportunities.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, we had a net income of $149,028 which consisted of interest and dividend income of $236,466 on investments held in Trust Account which was offset by operating cost of $87,438.
For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we had a net income of $296,392 which consisted of interest and dividend income of $795,738 on investments held in Trust Account which was offset by operating cost of $499,346.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we had a net income of $296,369 which consisted of interest and dividend income of $691,094 on investments held in Trust Account which was offset by operating cost of $394,725.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we had a net income of $1,659,067 which consisted of interest and dividend income of $2,461,081 on investments held in Trust Account which was offset by operating cost of $802,014.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $360,136. As of September 30, 2025, we had cash of $7,679 available for working capital needs. All remaining cash is held in the Trust Account and is generally unavailable for our use, prior to an initial business combination, and is restricted for use either in a business combination or to redeem the ordinary shares. As of September 30, 2025, none of the amount on deposit in the Trust Account was available to be withdrawn as described above.
We intend to use substantially all of the net proceeds of the IPO, including the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a target business or businesses and to pay our expenses relating thereto, including the representative of the underwriters of the IPO. To the extent that our share capital is used in whole or in part as consideration to effect our initial business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account as well as any other net proceeds not expended will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’ operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our initial business combination if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.
Over the next 12 months (assuming a business combination is not consummated prior thereto), we will be using the funds held outside of the Trust Account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing business due diligence on prospective target businesses, traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses, reviewing corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, selecting the target business to acquire and structuring, negotiating and consummating the business combination.
If our estimates of the costs of undertaking in-depth due diligence and negotiating our initial business combination is less than the actual amount necessary to do so, or the amount of interest available to us from The Trust Account is less than we expect as a result of the current interest rate environment, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our initial business combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to consummate our initial business combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our public shares upon consummation of our initial business combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such business combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would only consummate such financing simultaneously with the consummation of our initial business combination. Following our initial business combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, we may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet our obligations.
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As of September 30, 2025, we had cash of $7,679 and working capital deficiency of $3,448,729. We have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a business combination. In connection with our assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that these conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our management’s plan in addressing this uncertainty is through the funds loaned from our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates. In addition, if we are unable to complete a business combination by April 27, 2026 (if fully extended) (the “Combination Period”), our board of directors would proceed to commence a voluntary liquidation and thereby a formal dissolution of us. There is no assurance that our plans to consummate a business combination will be successful within the Combination Period. As a result, management has determined that such additional conditions also raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities that would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2025. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2025, we do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities.
We are obligated to issue 805,000 Deferred Underwriting Shares to the underwriters as the deferred underwriting fees equal to 3.5% of the gross proceeds of the IPO at $3.00 per share upon the completion of the business combination.
The founder shares, the Ordinary Shares included in the Private Units, and any Ordinary Shares that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans with outstanding balance of $1,060,000 as of September 30, 2025 (and any underlying securities) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into in connection with the IPO. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands, excluding short form demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our completion of our initial business combination. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
On June 13, 2025, the Company issued the Sponsor Working Capital Note in the principal amount of $300,000 to the Sponsor. The proceeds of the Sponsor Working Capital Note, which may be drawn down from time to time until the Company consummates its initial business combination, will be used for general working capital purposes. The Sponsor Working Capital Note bears no interest and are payable in full upon the earlier to occur of (i) the consummation of the Company’s business combination or (ii) the date of expiry of the term of the Company (the “Maturity Date”). The following shall constitute an event of default: (i) a failure to pay the principal within five business days of the Maturity Date; (ii) the commencement of a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy action, (iii) the breach of the Company’s obligations thereunder; (iv) any cross defaults; (v) an enforcement proceedings against the Company; and (vi) any unlawfulness and invalidity in connection with the performance of the obligations thereunder, in which case the Sponsor Working Capital Notes may be accelerated. The payees of the Sponsor Working Capital Note have the right, but not the obligation, to convert the Sponsor Working Capital Note, in whole or in part, respectively, into private units (the “Conversion Units”) of the Company, each consisting of one Ordinary Share, one warrant, and one right to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one Ordinary Share upon the consummation of a business combination. The number of Conversion Units to be received by the payees in connection with such conversion shall be an amount determined by dividing (x) the sum of the outstanding principal amount payable to the payees by (y) $10.00.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In preparing these financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results may differ from these estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies and estimates:
Investments Held in Trust Account
At September 30, 2025, assets held in the Trust Account was $23,091,185. Substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in mutual funds. The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the condensed balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of investments held in Trust Account are included in interest and dividend income on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying condensed statements of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in Trust Account are determined using available market information.
Warrants
We account for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to our own Ordinary Shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of our control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. We determined that upon further review of the warrant agreements, we concluded that our warrants qualify for equity accounting treatment.
Offering Costs
Offering costs consisting principally of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses that are directly related to the IPO and charged to shareholders’ deficit upon the completion of the IPO. We comply with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 340-10-S99-1, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs – SEC Materials” (“ASC 340-10-S99”) and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering”.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
We account for share-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, share-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date and recognized over the requisite service period. To the extent a share-based award is subject to a performance condition, the amount of expense recorded in a given period, if any, reflects an assessment of the probability of achieving such performance condition, with compensation recognized once the event is deemed probable to occur. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.
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Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
We account for our Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable Ordinary Shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, Ordinary Shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. Our public shares of Ordinary Shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, Ordinary Shares included in the Public Units subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ equity section of our balance sheet. We recognize changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable Ordinary Shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable Ordinary Shares are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit.
Net Income (Loss) Per Ordinary Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less interest income and unrealized gain or loss on investments in trust account less any dividends paid. We then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the ordinary shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs, which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:
| ● | Level 1 —based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not being applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment. |
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| ● | Level 2 — Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets or liabilities, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market through correlation or other means. |
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| ● | Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in mutual funds and U.S. Treasury securities, respectively. All of the Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities.
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Income Taxes
We account for income taxes under ASC740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. We have identified Cayman Islands as its only “major” tax jurisdiction, as defined. Based on our evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in our financial statements. Since we were incorporated on June 14, 2022, the evaluation was performed for both 2022 and 2023 tax year which will be the only period subject to examination. We believe that its income tax positions and deductions would be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material change to its financial position. Our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such items as a component of income tax expense.
We may be subject to potential examination by foreign taxing authorities in the area of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with foreign tax laws.
Our tax provision was deemed to be de minimis for the period presented. We are considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands Company and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our unaudited condensed financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
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Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the quarter ended September 30, 2025, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer who also serves as our principal financial and accounting officer has concluded that during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not currently a party to any material litigation or other legal proceedings brought against us. We are also not aware of any legal proceeding, investigation or claim, or other legal exposure that has a more than remote possibility of having a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Not applicable to a smaller reporting company. However, factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this Quarterly Report are any of the risks described in our IPO prospectus and our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Annual Report”) as filed with the SEC on March 28, 2025. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our IPO prospectus and Annual Report.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
The information of the Sponsor Notes contained under Item 2 of Part I above is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item. The issuance of the Sponsor Notes was made pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibit No. |
| Description |
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101.INS |
| Inline XBRL Instance Document. |
101.SCH |
| Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. |
101.CAL |
| Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. |
101.DEF |
| Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. |
101.LAB |
| Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. |
101.PRE |
| Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |
104 |
| Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
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* Filed herewith.
** Furnished.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| HORIZON SPACE ACQUISITION I CORP. |
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Date: November 25, 2025 | By: | /s/ Mingyu (Michael) Li |
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| Mingyu (Michael) Li |
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| Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chairman and Secretary (Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer) |
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