Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q3
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. (IVPR)
About this 10-Q
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc filed this 10-Q on November 12, 2025, covering the quarter ended September 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended September 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $4.32M
- up 6.6% from $4.05M a year earlier
- Net loss
- $2.53M
- compared with a net loss of $3.49M a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
For the transition period from ________ to ________
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
par value $0.0001 per share | The |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
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| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
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As of November 12, 2025, the registrant had
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| PAGE | ||
| PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||
| Item 1. | Financial Statements | 1 |
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 31 |
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 53 |
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 54 |
| PART II - OTHER INFORMATION | ||
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 55 |
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 55 |
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 55 |
| Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 55 |
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosure | 55 |
| Item 5. | Other Information | 55 |
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 56 |
| SIGNATURES | 57 | |
i
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited interim financial statements of Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. (referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) are included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”).
The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and the results of operations for the periods presented have been reflected herein. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
| September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||
| (Unaudited) | |||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||
| Inventory | |||||||||
| Investments – equity securities | | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | ||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||
| Restricted cash - non-current | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | |||||||||
| Intangibles assets | |||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||
| Deferred financing costs | |||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholder’s Deficit | |||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | |||||||||
| Loans payable, net of discount | |||||||||
| Convertible notes payable | |||||||||
| Promissory note | |||||||||
| Notes payable, net of discount | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | |||||||||
| Notes payable - noncurrent | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 15) | |||||||||
| Stockholder’s Equity (Deficit) | |||||||||
| Common stock - Class A, $ | |||||||||
| Common stock - Class B, $ | |||||||||
| Preferred stock - Convertible Series B, $ | |||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||
| Total stockholder’s equity (deficit) | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholder’s equity (deficit) | $ | $ | |||||||
See accompanying unaudited notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Service revenue | $ | | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||
| Product revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Debt extinguishment loss | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of business | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other income (expenses): | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other income (expenses) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Total other expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Benefit for income taxes | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Dividend on convertible series A preferred stock | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to class A and B common stockholders | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | ||||||||||||||||
See accompanying unaudited notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
| Convertible Series A | Convertible Series B | Class A | Class B | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No. of | No. of | No. of | No. of | Paid-in | Accumulated | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | (Deficit) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock in connection with business acquisition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Series B preferred stock and warrants in exchange for cash and equity securities investment, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying unaudited notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
| Convertible Series A | Convertible Series B | Class A | Class B | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| No. of | No. of | No. of | No. of | Paid-in | Accumulated | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | (Deficit) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Class A common stock and pre-funded warrants in connection with commitment shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of convertible series A preferred stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock in connection with general release agreement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of convertible series A preferred stock into class A common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible series A preferred stock cumulative dividends | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible series A preferred stock dividend | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of convertible series A preferred stock into class A common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible series A preferred stock dividend | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock and warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of class A common stock warrants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of convertible series A preferred stock into class A common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of convertible notes payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of class A common stock warrants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of convertible notes payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of the class B common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying unaudited notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| For the Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| September 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | ||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | ||||||||
| Amortization of operating right of use assets | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for services | ||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment | ||||||||
| Loss on debt modification | ||||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock in connection with general release agreement | ||||||||
| Issuance of Class A common stock and pre-funded warrants in connection with commitment shares | ||||||||
| Gain on disposal of business | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Due from former owners | ||||||||
| Inventory | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accrued expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cumulative Series A preferred stock dividends payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other assets, net | ||||||||
| Refundable income tax | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Payment for acquisition of business | ||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of class A common stock and warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs | ||||||||
| Repurchase and cancellation of the class B common stock | ||||||||
| Net proceeds from loans payable | ||||||||
| Repayments on loans payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible series A preferred stock | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible series B preferred stock | ||||||||
| Proceeds from convertible notes payable | ||||||||
| Payments on convertible notes payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from notes payable, net of discount | ||||||||
| Repayment of notes payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from exercise of warrants | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of promissory note | ||||||||
| Repayment of convertible debentures | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information | ||||||||
| Interest payments during the year | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income tax refund | $ | $ | ||||||
| Noncash investing and financing activity | ||||||||
| Acquisition of equity securities in connection with issuance of Series B Preferred Stock | $ | $ | ||||||
| Issuance of common stock in connection with business acquisition | $ | $ | ||||||
| Issuance of class A common stock for conversion of convertible notes payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Series A Preferred Stock Dividend | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying unaudited notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Description of Business
Business Description
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. (the “Company”
or “Inspire”) is a C-corporation which was incorporated in the state of Delaware on
As the Company expands, additional modalities
are becoming a part of the offerings at its hospital, including equine care. With 14 clinics located in 9 states as of the date of this
filing, Inspire purchases existing hospitals which have the financial track record, marketplace advantages and future growth potential
to make them worthy acquisition targets. Because the company leverages a leadership and support structure which is distributed throughout
the United States, acquisitions are not centralized to one geographic area. The Company operates its business as
Services provided at owned hospitals include preventive care for companion animals consisting of annual health exams which include: parasite control; dental health; nutrition and body condition counseling; neurological examinations; radiology; bloodwork; skin and coat health and many breed specific preventive care services. Surgical offerings include all soft tissue procedures such as spays and neuters, mass removals, splenectomies and can also include gastropexies, orthopedic procedures and other types of surgical offerings based on a doctor’s training. In many locations additional means of care and alternative procedures are also offered such as acupuncture, chiropractic and various other health and wellness offerings.
The Company is the managing member of IVP Practice Holdings Co., LLC (“Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, which is the managing member of IVP CO Holding, LLC (“CO Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP FL Holding Co., LLC (“FL Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP Texas Holding Company, LLC (“TX Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, KVC Holding Company, LLC (“KVC Holdco”), a Hawaii limited liability company, IVP CA Holding Co., LLC (“CA Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MD Holding Company, LLC (“MD Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP OH Holding (“OH Holdco”), Co, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, IVP IN Holding Co., LLC (“IN Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MA Managing Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“MA Holdco”), and IVP PA Holding Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“PA Holdco”). The Company through Holdco, operates and controls all business and affairs of CO Holdco, FL Holdco, TX Holdco, KVC Holdco, CA Holdco, MD Holdco, OH Holdco, IN Holdco, MA Holdco and PA Holdco. Holdco is used to acquire hospitals in various states and jurisdictions.
The Company is the managing member of IVP Real Estate Holding Co., LLC (“IVP RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, which is the managing member of IVP CO Properties, LLC (“CO RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP FL Properties, LLC (“FL RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP TX Properties, LLC (“TX RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, KVC Properties, LLC, (“KVC RE”), a Hawaii limited liability company, IVP CA Properties, LLC (“CA RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MD Properties, LLC (“MD RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP OH Properties, LLC (“OH RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP IN Properties, LLC (“IN RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, and IVP PA Properties, LLC (“PA RE”), a Delaware limited liability company. The Company through IVP RE operates and controls all business and affairs of CO RE, FL RE, TX RE, KVC RE, CA RE, MD RE, OH RE, IN RE and PA RE. IVP RE is used to acquire real property in various states and jurisdictions.
7
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Retrospective Adjustments
On January 27, 2025, the Company effected a
3. Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, which are included with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and related amendments filed with the United States Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Furthermore, the Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. Since the date of those audited consolidated financial statements, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies, except as noted below.
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and as amended by Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods presented reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The December 31, 2024, consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all GAAP disclosures. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Going Concern
These financial statements have been prepared
on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.
The Company has incurred recurring losses and as of September 30, 2025, had an accumulated deficit and negative working capital of $
8
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurement
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
| Level 1 | — | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. |
| Level 2 | — | Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. |
| Level 3 | — | Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
| Fair Value at September 30, | Fair Value Measurement | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Investment - Equity Securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Fair
Value at December 31, | Fair Value Measurement | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Investment - Equity Securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
9
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Company’s equity securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), the following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance for each category therein, and gains or losses recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025:
| Beginning Balance - December 31, 2024 | $ | |||
| Equity securities acquired as consideration for issuance of Series B Preferred Stock | ||||
| Re-measurement adjustments | ||||
| Change in fair value of equity securities | ||||
| Ending balance - September 30, 2025 | $ |
| September 30, 2025 | ||||
| Equity Securities | ||||
| Fair Value | $ | |||
| Valuation technique | ||||
| Significant unobservable unit | ||||
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
Accounts receivable consist of amounts due from
veterinary customers. The Company records an allowance for current expected credit losses for estimated losses inherent in its trade accounts
receivable portfolio. In establishing the required allowance, management considers historical losses adjusted for current market conditions,
the financial condition of the customer, the amount of receivables in dispute, and the current receivables aging and payment patterns.
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. The allowance for current expected credit losses
was $
Investments - Equity Securities
The Company accounts for investments in accordance
with ASC 321 – Equity Securities. The Company closed an investment of $
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not record upward adjustments or downward adjustments on the investment. The Company’s impairment analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative factors that may have a significant effect on the fair value of the equity security. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not recognize impairment against the investment security.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs represent third-party, incremental costs incurred in connection with the Purchase Agreement (defined in Note 15) the Company entered into. The Purchase Agreement was not effective as of September 30, 2025. Accordingly, the related deferred financing costs are presented as such on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Reclassification of these deferred financing costs to additional paid-in capital will be recorded when the Purchase Agreement is effective.
10
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Stock-Based Compensation
The stock-based payments are accounted for in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation. The Company measures the estimated fair value of the stock-based award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model (“Black-Scholes Model”) and recognizes compensation expense for those awards over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Black-Scholes Model requires the use of a number of assumptions including volatility of the stock price, the weighted average risk-free interest rate, and the vesting period in determining the fair value of stock-based awards. The expected term is based on the “simplified method”, due to the Company’s limited stock award history. Under this method, the term is estimated using the weighted average of the service vesting period and contractual term of the option award. As the Company’s Class A common stock has a limited history in the public markets, the Company has identified several public entities of similar size, complexities and industry and calculates historical volatility based on the volatilities of these companies. Although the Company believes its assumptions used to calculate stock-based compensation expenses are reasonable, these assumptions can involve complex judgments about future events, which are open to interpretation and inherent uncertainty. In addition, significant changes to our assumptions could significantly impact the amount of expense recorded in a given period. The Company accounts for forfeitures in the period in which they occur, rather than estimate expected forfeitures.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted net loss per share of common shares includes the effect, if any, from the potential exercise or conversion of securities, such as convertible debt, share options and warrants, which would result in the issuance of incremental shares of common shares. For diluted net loss per share, the weighted-average number of common shares is the same for basic net loss per share due to the fact that when a net loss exists, dilutive securities are not included in the calculation as the impact is anti-dilutive. For all periods presented, basic and diluted net loss per share are the same, as any additional share equivalents would be anti-dilutive. As the Company has reported a net loss for all periods presented, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share.
The following outstanding potentially dilutive Common Shares equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:
| For the Period Ended | ||||||||
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Warrants | | | ||||||
| Convertible notes payable | ||||||||
| Stock Options | ||||||||
| Total | ||||||||
Emerging Growth Company Status
The Company is an Emerging Growth Company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act, until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
11
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4. Property and equipment
As of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, property and equipment, net, consisted of the following:
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Land | $ | | $ | | ||||
| Buildings | ||||||||
| Computers and equipment | ||||||||
| Furniture and fixtures | ||||||||
| Automobile | ||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||
| Less - accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Property and Equipment, net | $ | $ | ||||||
Depreciation expense for the three months ended
September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $
5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The following table shows the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the period:
| Goodwill as of December 31, 2023 | ||||
| Disposals | ( | ) | ||
| Goodwill as of December 31, 2024 | ||||
| Acquisitions | ||||
| Goodwill as of September 30, 2025 | $ |
There was goodwill impairment recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
The following summarizes the Company’s intangible assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Client List | $ | | $ | | ||||
| Noncompete Agreement | ||||||||
| Trademark | ||||||||
| Other Intangible Assets | ||||||||
| Accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
Amortization expense was $
12
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Expected future amortization expense of intangible assets as of September 30, 2025, is as follows:
| Remainder of 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| 2030 | ||||
| $ |
6. Business disposal
On September 20, 2024, the Company completed the
divestiture of its Kauai Veterinary Clinic (“KVC”) to Kauai RE Holdings LLC for $
7. Debt
Master Lending and Credit Facility
On June 25, 2021, the Company entered into a master
line of credit loan agreement (“MLOCA”) with Wealth South a division of Farmers National Bank of Danville, Kentucky (“FNBD”).
The MLOCA provides for a $
Under the MLOCA the Term Loans to acquire a Practice
shall not exceed
There is no prepayment penalty on payments on
the Revolving Line. The Term Loans are subject to a refinance fee of
Effective August 18, 2022, the MLOCA was amended
such that the interest rate charge on all sums advanced under the amended and restated MLOCA shall be
13
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Notes payable to FNBD as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | % | $ | | $ | | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The Company amortized $
FSB Commercial Loans
In January 2021, the Company entered into three
separate commercial loans with First Southern National Bank (“FSB”) as part of the KVC acquisition. The first commercial loan,
in the amount of $
The second commercial loan with FSB, in the amount
of $
The third commercial loan with FSB, in the amount
of $
14
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
On October 31, 2022, the Company entered into
three separate commercial loans with FSB as part of the Pony Express Practice acquisition. The first loan with FSB was in the amount of
$
The second loan with FSB was in the amount of
$
The third loan with FSB was in the amount of $
On December 16, 2022, the Company entered into
two separate commercial loans with FSB as part of the Old 41 Practice acquisition. The first loan with FSB was in the amount of $
The second loan with FSB was in the amount of
$
On November 8, 2023, the Company entered into
a commercial loan with FSB as part of the Valley Vet acquisition. The loan with FSB was in the amount of $
The FSB commercial loans are guaranteed by Kimball Carr, Chief Executive Officer and President and Charles Stith Keiser, a member of our Board of Directors.
Notes payable to FSB as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | % | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The Company amortized $
15
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Ushjo Commercial Loan
On June 4, 2025, the Company entered into a commercial
loan with Ushjo as part of the DeBary Animal Clinic acquisition. The loan with Ushjo was entered into on June 4, 2025, in the amount of
$
Notes payable to Ushjo as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | % | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
The Company amortized $
Notes payable as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| FNBD Notes Payable | $ | | $ | | ||||
| FSB Notes Payable | ||||||||
| Ushjo Note Payable | ||||||||
| Total notes payable | ||||||||
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Notes payable, net of issuance cost | ||||||||
| Less current portion | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Long-term portion | $ | $ | ||||||
Notes payable repayment requirements as of September 30, 2025, in the succeeding years are summarized as follows:
| Remainder of 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Total | $ |
Convertible Debenture
Between March 18
and December 28, 2021, the Company issued $
16
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Upon the Company’s IPO closing on August
31, 2023, the majority of Convertible Debenture holders elected to convert an aggregate of $
Loans Payable
On May 30, 2023, the Company entered into a Merchant
Cash Advance Agreement for gross proceeds of $
On August 10, 2023, the Company amended its financing
arrangement to borrow an additional $
On November 28, 2023, the Company amended its
financing arrangement to borrow an additional $
On January 18, 2024, the Company amended its financing
arrangement to borrow an additional $
On May 7, 2024, the Company amended its financing
arrangement to borrow an additional $
On December 24, 2024, the Company amended its
financing arrangement to borrow an additional $
On May 20, 2025, the Company amended its financing
arrangement to borrow an additional $
On April 4, 2024, the Company entered into a new
financing agreement for gross proceeds of $
17
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
During the three and nine months ended September
30, 2025, the Company amortized $
Convertible Notes Payable
On March 26, 2024, Inspire entered into a securities
purchase agreement with a certain investor, pursuant to which Inspire issued a convertible note payable for $
On June 11, 2024, Inspire entered into a securities
purchase agreement with two investors, pursuant to which Inspire issued each investor a convertible note payable”) each for $
When outstanding the Convertible Notes Payable
contain an original issued discount (“OID”) which was: (i) fifteen percent (
The Convertible Notes Payable had to be repaid in full from any future capital raises (debt, equity or any other form of capital raise) of Inspire. All of the funds raised had to be used to repay the Convertible Notes Payable until the Convertible Notes Payable were repaid in full.
The Convertible Notes Payable were convertible
into shares of common stock of Inspire, in full or in part, at any time after issuance at the discretion of the noteholder at a fixed
conversion price of $
If the Convertible Notes Payable were not repaid
by the Maturity Date the default provisions were as follow: (i) The Face Value (as such term was defined in the Convertible Notes Payable)
of the Convertible Notes Payable would increase by
On May 30, 2025, pursuant to securities purchase
agreements, the Company issued Original Issue Discount Notes to two investors in the principal amounts of $
The Company has the right
to prepay the Notes upon written notice to the lender. After an occurrence of an event of default, as described in the Notes, the Notes
shall become immediately due and payable and the Company will pay an amount equal to
The lenders will have the right to convert all
or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of their Note into shares of the Company’s common stock upon the later of 180 days
from the issuance date or an event of default, as described in the notes. The conversion price of the Notes is
While the Notes remain outstanding, the Company may not, without the lenders’ written consent, sell, lease, or otherwise dispose of any significant portion of its assets except in the ordinary course of business.
As of September 30, 2025 the balance of the Convertible
Notes Payable was $
18
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Promissory Note
On June 10, 2025, the Company issued to Target
Capital LLC (“Target”) a promissory note in the principal amount of $
The Target Note shall not exceed the maximum amount of such interest permitted by law to be charged and a maturity date of the earlier of (i) six months from the issuance date, or (ii) the close of any capital raise conducted by the Company. The proceeds from the Target Note are for general working capital.
The Company has the right to prepay the Target
Note at any time prior to the maturity date without penalty. In the event of the closing of any capital raise conducted by the Company,
no less than
After an occurrence of an event of default, as
described in the Target Note, it shall become immediately due and payable and the original issue discount shall increase from
On June 30, 2025, the Company issued to Target
a second promissory note in the principal amount of $
The Second Target Note has identical terms and provisions to the original Target Note.
8. Related Party Transactions
Blue Heron
The Company’s director, Charles Stith Keiser,
is the Chief Operating Officer of Blue Heron Consulting (“BHC”), and Mr. Keiser’s father, Dr. Charles “Chuck”
Keiser, is the Chief Visionary Officer of BHC. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 the Company has incurred $
Sale of KVC
On September 20, 2024, the Company sold KVC to Kauai RE Holdings LLC. The agent for the sale was Gregory Armstrong, a current shareholder of the Company and a member of Kauai RE. Charles Keiser, DVM, is a member of Kauai RE and the father of our board member Charles Stith Keiser, who is the Company’s largest shareholder through his entity Wilderness Trace Veterinary Partners, LLC, refer to Note 6 Business disposal for further detail.
9. Stockholders’ Equity
The Company is authorized to issue
Each outstanding share of Class A common stock
is entitled to vote on each matter on which the stockholders of the Company is entitled to vote, and each holder of Class A common stock
is entitled to
Each outstanding share of Class B common stock
is entitled to vote on each matter on which the stockholders of the Company is entitled to vote, and each holder of Class B common stock
is entitled to
19
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
All shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock (collectively “common stock”) will be identical and will entitle the holders thereof to the same rights and privileges, except as otherwise provided above.
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock
On June 30, 2023, the Company amended its articles
of incorporation by the filing of a certificate of designation for the Series A Preferred Stock. One million shares of the Series A Preferred
Stock are authorized under the Series A Certificate of Designation, with each having a stated value of $
Holders of shares of the Series A Preferred Stock
are entitled to a liquidation preference in the event of any dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company equal to the stated
value plus any accrued and unpaid dividends on such stock. Holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock are also entitled to convert
such shares at any time and from time, at the option of such holder, into a number of shares of Class A common stock equal to the stated
value divided by a conversion price. The conversion price is equal to
On October 2023, the Company amended its article
of incorporation to increase the total number of shares of preferred stock designated as Series A preferred stock to
The conversion price of the convertible series
A preferred stock to be no less than $
The holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have the right to vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders on an as-if-converted basis together with the holders of shares of the Company’s Class A and Class B common stock, voting together as a single class.
On June 30, 2023, the Company issued
In connection with the Exchange, the Company also
issued warrants (the “New Warrants”) to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock. The New Warrants were issued in
exchange for the existing warrants held by the former Bridge Note holders. The exercise price of the shares to be issued pursuant to the
New Warrants is $
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding, respectively.
Convertible Series B Preferred Stock
On July 28, 2025, the Company, entered into a
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors named therein. Pursuant
to the Securities Purchase Agreement, up to
20
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
On July 29, 2025, pursuant to the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the Company issued and sold, and certain investors purchased, in a private placement (the “Private Placement”):
The Warrants expire on the fifth anniversary of
their initial exercisability date and have an initial exercise price of $
Each holder of Series B Preferred Stock may convert
all, or any part, of the outstanding Series B Preferred Stock, at any time at such holder’s option, into shares of the Common Stock
(which converted shares of Common Stock are referred to as “Conversion Shares” herein) at the fixed “Conversion Price”
of $
The holders of the Series B Preferred Stock shall have no voting power and no right to vote on any matter at any time, either as a separate series or class or together with any other series or class of share of capital stock, and shall not be entitled to call a meeting of such holders for any purpose nor shall they be entitled to participate in any meeting of the holders of Common Stock, except as provided in the Certificate of Designations (or as otherwise required by applicable law).
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024,
there were
Nasdaq Compliance
The Company had received a notice letter from Nasdaq on April 10, 2025 stating that, based on stockholders’ equity as reported in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Company was not in compliance with the minimum stockholders’ equity requirement for continued inclusion on the Nasdaq Capital Market. On August 26, 2025, following the first closing of a private placement of Series B convertible preferred stock, which is discussed above, Nasdaq notified the Company that it determined that the Company complies with Nasdaq’s minimum stockholders’ equity requirement.
Common Stock & Pre-Funded Warrants
On March 25, 2025, the Company entered into
a securities purchase agreement with an institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the investor
in a registered direct offering (the “Offering”)
Crone Consulting Agreement
On June 30, 2025, the Company entered into a consulting
agreement with Mark Crone. As consideration for legal consulting services, the Company issued
21
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Alchemy Consulting Agreement
On July 2, 2025, the Company entered into a consulting
agreement with Alchemy Advisory, LLC (“Alchemy”). As consideration for consulting services, the Company issued
10. Stock Compensation
Effective October 18, 2022, the Board of Directors
of Inspire Veterinary Partners adopted the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, (the “2022 Plan”). The plan provides for the award
of stock options (incentive and non-qualified), stock awards and stock appreciation rights to officers, directors, employees and consultants
who provide services to the Company. The number of shares issued may not exceed, at any given time, ten percent (
The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense from stock-based payments using the grant date fair-value, including for stock options. The fair value of options awarded to employees is measured on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis.
All stock options are exercisable into class A common stock.
There were
The stock options granted during nine months ended
September 30, 2025, were valued utilizing the Black-Scholes options pricing model with the following inputs: $
The following is a summary of outstanding stock options as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Life (years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||
| Options outstanding as of December 31, 2023 | $ | - | $ | |||||||||||||
| Issued | ||||||||||||||||
| Expired and forfeited | - | |||||||||||||||
| Exercised | - | |||||||||||||||
| Options outstanding as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Options exercisable as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Issued | - | |||||||||||||||
| Expired and forfeited | - | |||||||||||||||
| Exercised | - | |||||||||||||||
| Options outstanding as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Options exercisable as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Issued | ||||||||||||||||
| Expired and forfeited | ( | ) | - | |||||||||||||
| Exercised | - | |||||||||||||||
| Options outstanding as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Options exercisable as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Issued | - | - | ||||||||||||||
| Expired and forfeited | - | - | ||||||||||||||
| Exercised | - | - | ||||||||||||||
| Options outstanding as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | - | |||||||||||||
| Options exercisable as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | - | |||||||||||||
22
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following is the vesting terms associated with those shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:
| Tranche | Shares Granted | Vesting Method | Vesting Terms | |||||
| Tranche 1 | ||||||||
| Total | ||||||||
11. Warrants
As of September 30, 2025, outstanding Common Share warrants and exercise prices related to unit offerings are as follows:
| Exercise Price | Number of Shares | Expiry Date | ||||||
| $ | ||||||||
During the periods ended September 30, 2025 and
December 31, 2024,
12. Retirement Plan
During the year ending December 31, 2022, the
Company implemented a qualified 401(K) retirement plan. The Company offers eligible domestic full-time employees participation in certain
401K plans. The plans provide for a discretionary annual company contribution. In addition, employees may contribute a portion of their
salary to the plans, which for certain of the 401K plans, is partially matched by the Company. The plans may be amended or terminated
at any time. The Company contributed and expensed $
13. Income Taxes
The Company has incurred losses since inception, which have generated net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, no tax benefit was reported with respect to these NOL carry-forwards in the accompanying financial statements because the Company believes the realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets for the NOL for combined federal and state jurisdictions was considered more likely than not that it will not be realized and accordingly, the potential tax benefits of the net loss carry-forwards are fully offset by a full valuation allowance. The Company’s effective tax rate is different than the federal statutory tax rate because the Company has established a full valuation allowance against its net deferred income tax asset.
23
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
14. Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in right-of-use assets (“ROU”), operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, non-current. Lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. None of the leases entered into have an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments made and initial direct costs incurred and exclude lease incentives. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease, which is recognized when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.
The Company has operating leases for real estate. The Company has certain intercompany leases between its subsidiaries, and these transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation and are not reflected in the tables and information presented below.
The components of lease expense included in the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations were as follows:
| Expense | For the three months ended September 30, | For the nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| Classification | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||
| Operating lease expense: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of ROU asset | General and administrative | $ | | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of Operating lease liability | General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||
| Total operating lease expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Other lease expense | General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Other information related to leases is as follows:
| As of September 30, | As of December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Remaining lease term: | ||||||||
| Operating leases (in years) | | | ||||||
| Discount rate: | ||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | ||||||
Amounts relating to leases were presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in the following line items:
| As of September 30, | As of December 31, | |||||||||
| Balance Sheet Classification | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||
| Operating lease assets | $ | | $ | | ||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||
24
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The future minimum lease payments required under leases as of September 30, 2025, were as follows:
| Fiscal Year | Operating Leases | |||
| Remainder of 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Undiscounted cash flows | ||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | ) | ||
| Lease liability | $ | |||
15. Commitments and Contingencies
As of September 30, 2025, substantially all of the Company’s assets were pledged as collateral for the Company’s credit facilities.
On November 30, 2023, the Company entered into
a common stock purchase agreement with a 3rd party investor (the “Investor”), to which the investor committed
to purchase up to $
Under the terms and subject to the conditions
of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to the Investor, and the Investor is obligated to
purchase, shares of Class A common stock in an amount up to $
Purchase Price
The shares of Class A common stock to be issued
by the Company and purchased by the Investor will be sold at a purchase price equal to
Actual sales of shares of Class A common stock to the Investor will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company from time-to-time, including, among other things, market conditions, the trading price of the Company’s Class A common stock, and the working capital needs, if any, of the Company.
The net proceeds from sales, if any, under the Purchase Agreement to the Company will depend on the frequency and prices at which the Company sells shares of Class A common stock to the Investor. the Company expects that any proceeds received by the Company from such sales to the Investor will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes.
Purchase Limits
Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement,
25
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Consistent with certain applicable Nasdaq rules,
the Company may not issue to the Investor more than
Fees
As consideration for the Investor’s irrevocable
commitment to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock, upon execution of the Purchase Agreement, the Company became obligated to issue
to the Investor a number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to $
Certain Representations, Warranties and Covenants
The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, conditions, and indemnification obligations of each of the Company and the Investor. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Investor has agreed not to enter into or effect, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, any short sales of the Company’s Class A Common Stock or hedging transaction which establishes a net short position with respect to the Class A Common Stock. In addition, the Company has covenanted, among other things, through the 24-month anniversary of the signing of the Purchase Agreement, to not effect or enter into any agreement to issue any shares of Class A Common Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable into shares of Class A Common Stock except in limited circumstances.
The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase
Agreement at any time following the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent relating to the initial sale of shares to the Investor,
subject to the Company paying all documented fees and amounts to the Investor’s legal counsel and, if the agreement is terminated
prior to effectiveness of the resale registration statement, the Company paying the $
The Purchase Agreement will automatically terminate on (i) the 24-month anniversary of the effective date of the initial resale registration statement filed with the Commission, (ii) the date when the Investor purchases its total commitment, (iii) the date when the shares of Class A Common Stock are no longer listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market or another eligible national stock exchange, or (iv) when the Company is subject to a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.
In addition, the Investor may terminate the Purchase
Agreement upon (i) the occurrence of an event constituting a material adverse effect (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), (ii) the
occurrence of a change of control transaction of the Company, (iii) the failure by the Company to file a registration statement by the
applicable deadline set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement, (iv) the lapse of the effectiveness, or unavailability of, a registration
statement filed by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement in certain other circumstances set forth in the Purchase
Agreement, (v) the suspension of trading of the Class A Common Stock for a period of three (3) consecutive trading days, or (vi) the material
breach of the Purchase Agreement by the Company, which breach is not cured within the
On December 28, 2023, the Company amended the
agreement to provide that, if the number of commitment shares required to be issued by the Company to the Investor and its affiliates
(as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) pursuant
to the Purchase Agreement would result in the beneficial ownership by the Investor of more than
26
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The amendment further provided that, if the issuance
of the total number of commitment shares of Class A common stock and Warrant Shares by the Company to the Investor would cause the beneficial
ownership of the Investor and its affiliates to exceed
On February 14, 2024, the Company issued
The Company is no longer selling shares under this agreement and no shares were sold by the Company to the Investor during the quarter ended September 30, 2025.
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
On July 29, 2025, Inspire entered into a Common
Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Seven Knots, LLC (“Seven Knots”), pursuant to which Seven
Knots committed to purchase, subject to certain conditions and limitations, up to $
Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the
Company may, at its sole discretion, direct Seven Knots to purchase shares of common stock in amounts not to exceed $
For the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the Company did not issue or sell any shares of the Company’s Class A common stock under the Purchase Agreement.
Holdback Agreements
As part of the Valley Veterinary Services, Inc.
(“Valley Vet”) acquisition in November 2023, a portion of the purchase price in the amount of $
The Company determined that the first milestone
of the Holdback Agreement had been met, as the Valley Vet Practice’s gross revenue exceeded
As part of the DeBary Animal Clinic acquisition
in June 2025, a portion of the purchase price in the amount of $
27
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
16. Business Acquisition
Acquisition of Debary Animal Clinic
On June 4, 2025, the Company and IVP FL Holding Company LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into an asset purchase agreement with Joseph A. Suarez, DVM (the “Seller Parties”) to acquire substantially all of the assets of Debary Animal Clinic, a veterinary clinic. At the Closing, the Seller Parties delivered a duly executed assignment of the acquired assets, thereby selling, assigning, and transferring to the Company all rights, title, and interest in the assets of the practice.
The aggregate consideration paid by the Company
for the acquisition of the business and real estate was approximately $
The Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805, with the Company as the accounting acquirer. Under this method of accounting, Debary Animal Clinic’s acquired assets are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill.
The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired as of the acquisition date. These values are provisional and subject to adjustment during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) as additional information becomes available:
| Closing Cash Consideration | $ | |||
| Closing Equity Consideration | ||||
| Total Consideration | | |||
| Inventory | ||||
| Buildings | ||||
| Land | ||||
| Furniture, Fixtures & Equipment | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total Consideration | $ |
The company incurred acquisition costs included
in general and administrative of $
The preliminary fair values assigned to the customer list and fixed assets (including buildings, land, and furniture, fixtures, and equipment) are based on management’s initial estimates and have not yet been supported by independent third-party valuations or detailed internal analyses. These amounts are subject to change as the Company completes its valuation procedures and obtains additional information regarding the fair value of these assets. The final purchase price allocation may differ materially from these preliminary amounts, and any adjustments will be recognized retrospectively as required under ASC 805. The measurement period will not exceed one year from the acquisition date.
Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the total consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. The goodwill recognized in this transaction primarily reflects expected synergies from integrating the acquired operations, the assembled workforce, and other intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
Any adjustments to the provisional amounts during the measurement period will be recognized retrospectively as if the accounting for the business combination had been completed at the acquisition date.
28
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
17. Segment Information
Management evaluates the Company’s veterinary
clinics as a single reportable segment as a result of aggregating multiple operating segments, because all of the Company’s veterinary
clinics have similar economic characteristics and provide similar services to similar types of customers.
The following table includes revenue, significant veterinary clinic and hospital operating expenses, and Adjusted Clinic EBITDA for the Company’s clinics, reconciled to the consolidated amounts included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations:
| For the three months ended September 30, | For the nine months ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Service revenue | $ | | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||
| Product revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Clinics level revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Clinics level expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Clinics EBITDA | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Clinics EBITDA to net income | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Debt extinguishment loss | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expenses) | ||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of business | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Corporate general and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
29
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
18. Subsequent Events
The Company follows the guidance in FASB ASC 855-10 for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and determined the Company had the following subsequent events:
On October 6, 2025, the Company entered into
a Merchant Cash Advance Agreement for gross proceeds of $
On October 22, 2025, the Company entered into
an additional Merchant Cash Advance Agreement for gross proceeds of $
In October 2025, the Company sold
On November 5, 2025, the Company issued Senior
Convertible Promissory Notes to two investors, each in the principal amount of $ with an original issue discount of
The Notes must be prepaid by the Company in an
amount equal to
The Notes contain certain events of default, including
non-payment, insolvency, breach of covenants, change of control and issuance of indebtedness by the Company without the Investors’
consent, among others. Upon an event of default, all amounts outstanding under the Notes may become immediately due and payable at the
option of the holder at a premium of
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-looking Information
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and the disclosures contained in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based upon our current assumptions, expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on our business. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “approximately,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing,” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. This information may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements.
We cannot predict all of the risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, such information should not be regarded as representations that the results or conditions described in such statements or that our objectives and plans will be achieved and we do not assume any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include information concerning possible or assumed future results of our operations, including statements about potential acquisition or merger targets; business strategies; future cash flows; financing plans; plans and objectives of management; any other statements regarding future acquisitions, future cash needs, future operations, business plans and future financial results, and any other statements that are not historical facts.
Except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, a change in events, conditions, circumstances or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise.
Overview
Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. is a corporation incorporated in the state of Delaware in 2020. On June 29, 2022, the Company converted into a Nevada corporation. The Company’s class A common shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol IVP. The Company owns and operates veterinary hospitals throughout the United States. The Company specializes in small animal general practice hospitals which serve all manner of companion pets, emphasizing canine and feline breeds. As the Company expands, additional modalities are expected to become a part of the offerings at its hospitals. The acquisition of The Pony Express Veterinary Hospital, Inc. includes equine care and emergency and specialty services and the Company intends to continue to expand such services.
With fourteen clinics located in nine states as of the date of this filing, Inspire purchases existing hospitals which have the financial track record, marketplace advantages and future growth potential which make them worthy acquisition targets. Because the Company leverages a leadership and support structure which is distributed throughout the United States, acquisitions are not centralized to one geographic area. The Company operates it business as one operating and one reportable segment.
The Company is the managing member of IVP Practice Holdings Co., LLC (“Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, which is the managing member of IVP CO Holding, LLC (“CO Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP FL Holding Co., LLC (“FL Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP Texas Holding Company, LLC (“TX Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, KVC Holding Company, LLC (“KVC Holdco”), a Hawaii limited liability company, IVP CA Holding Co., LLC (“CA Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MD Holding Company, LLC (“MD Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP OH Holding (“OH Holdco”), Co, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, IVP IN Holding Co., LLC (“IN Holdco”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MA Managing Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“MA Holdco”), and IVP PA Holding Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“PA Holdco”). The Company through Holdco, operates and controls all business and affairs of CO Holdco, FL Holdco, TX Holdco, KVC Holdco, CA Holdco, MD Holdco, OH Holdco, IN Holdco, MA Holdco and PA Holdco. Holdco is used to acquire hospitals in various states and jurisdictions.
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The Company is the managing member of IVP Real Estate Holding Co., LLC (“IVP RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, which is the managing member of IVP CO Properties, LLC (“CO RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP FL Properties, LLC (“FL RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP TX Properties, LLC (“TX RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, KVC Properties, LLC, (“KVC RE”), a Hawaii limited liability company, IVP CA Properties, LLC (“CA RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP MD Properties, LLC (“MD RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP OH Properties, LLC (“OH RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, IVP IN Properties, LLC (“IN RE”), a Delaware limited liability company, and IVP PA Properties, LLC (“PA RE”), a Delaware limited liability company. The Company through IVP RE operates and controls all business and affairs of CO RE, FL RE, TX RE, KVC RE, CA RE, MD RE, OH RE, IN RE and PA RE. IVP RE is used to acquire real property in various states and jurisdictions.
Our Business Model
Services provided at owned hospitals include preventive care for companion animals consisting of annual health exams which include: parasite control; dental health; nutrition and body condition counseling; neurological examinations; radiology; bloodwork; skin and coat health and many breed specific preventive care services. Surgical offerings include all soft tissue procedures such as spays and neuters, mass removals, splenectomies and can also include gastropexies, orthopedic procedures and other types of surgical offerings based on a doctor’s training. In many locations additional means of care and alternative procedures are also offered such as acupuncture, chiropractic and various other health and wellness offerings.
With acquisitions serving as one key driver of growth, the Company has developed metrics and processes for assessing, valuing, acquiring and integrating new hospitals into its network. With a focus in its early years on general practice, small companion animal hospitals, the Company selects hospitals in markets with large addressable pet populations, but not necessarily in city/urban centers. The Company recently entered the equine care, or the care of horses, sector with the addition of the Pony Express Veterinary Hospital into the Company’s small-animal-only mix of locations.
Growth strategies and expansion plans call for the Company to enter emergency care and mixed animal (such as bovine and additional equine care) in future years of growth. Staffing, ownership transition plans, demographics, quality of medicine, financial performance and quality of exiting leadership are some of the many factors that are analyzed before a pending acquisition is offered a letter of intent. The Company uses a field support structure that is nationally distributed and therefore the targets for acquisition can be in most states within the United States, taking special care with more complex states which have very specific veterinary practice ownership and operations guidelines.
Risks to the ability to swiftly acquire and integrate new hospitals include: (i) national staffing shortages of veterinarians and technicians which pre-existed the current market conditions which make finding credentialed talent even more difficult; (ii) costs and time associated with finding suitable targets and performing due diligence; and (iii) difficulties in achieving growth targets post purchase which ensure hospitals grow revenue and earnings in the years post purchase.
Post purchase pressures include rising talent acquisition and staffing costs in addition to challenges in achieving productivity and average patient charges necessary to achieve growth and profitability.
Results of Operations
Acquisition and Growth Strategy
With an emphasis on general practice hospitals in its first seven to eight quarters, the Company expanded into purchase of mixed animal hospitals in late 2022, adding equine care to its mix. Further, the Company intends to continue to focus on strategically acquiring existing general practice, specialty hospitals and/or expand existing locations to include emergency care and more complex surgeries, holistic care and comprehensive diagnostics which allow it to offer more complex surgeries and internal medicine work ups.
The Company has plans to seek multi-unit practices with regional presence to facilitate growth for the Company and also to move more swiftly into being a prime provider in select markets. While purchases of individual clinics will remain a focus for the Company, these opportunities to acquire hospitals in clusters of 2 to 6 will significantly increase our pace of growth and provide numerous internal benefits such as internal case referrals and career pathing for clinicians and leadership.
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We account for acquisitions under the acquisition method and are required to measure identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed of the acquiree at the fair values on the closing date. The Company makes an initial allocation of the purchase price at the date of acquisition based upon its understanding of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. Below is a summary of the acquisitions that closed from the inception of the Company through September 30, 2025, and the related transaction price.
| Name | Closing Date | Transaction Value1 | ||||
| Kauai Veterinary Clinic3,6 | January 2021 | $ | 1,505,000 | |||
| Chiefland Animal Hospital2 | August 2021 | $ | 564,500 | |||
| Pets & Friends Animal Hospital2 | October 2021 | $ | 630,000 | |||
| Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco3 | January 2022 | $ | 1,014,000 | |||
| Lytle Veterinary Clinic2 | March 2022 | $ | 1,442,469 | |||
| Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic2 | March 2022 | $ | 2,000,000 | |||
| Bartow Animal Clinic3,4 | May 2022 | $ | 1,405,000 | |||
| Dietz Family Pet Hospital2 | June 2022 | $ | 500,000 | |||
| Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic3 | July 2022 | $ | 574,683 | |||
| All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic2 | August 2022 | $ | 2,152,000 | |||
| Pony Express Veterinary Hospital, Inc.2 | October 2022 | $ | 3,108,652 | |||
| Williamsburg Animal Clinic3 | December 2022 | $ | 850,000 | |||
| The Old 41 Animal Hospital2 | December 2022 | $ | 1,465,000 | |||
| Valley Veterinary Services3,5 | November 2023 | $ | 1,790,000 | |||
| DeBary Animal Clinic 2,7 | June 2025 | $ | 1,942,500 | |||
| 1. | The transaction value is the amount of cash consideration paid for the acquisition of the veterinary practice (and as denoted the real estate operations) that was accounted for as a single business combination, in accordance with ASC Topic 805. |
| 2. | Acquisition includes both the veterinary practice and related assets and the real estate operations in the transaction value. |
| 3. | Acquisition was for the veterinary practice and related assets only. |
| 4. | Acquisition includes the purchase of personal goodwill of $105,000 that was included in the purchase price of the veterinary practice and related assets. The total transaction value is made up of $955,000 for the veterinary practice and related assets and $350,000 for the real estate operations. |
| 5. | The transaction value excludes $200,000 for the Holdback Agreement associated with the acquisition. |
| 6. | The veterinary practice was sold on September 20, 2024. |
| 7. | The transaction value excludes $114,500 for the Holdback Agreement associated with the acquisition. |
Kauai Veterinary Clinic Acquisition and Disposal
On January 25, 2021, the Company acquired Kauai Veterinary Clinic, Inc., located in Lihue, Hawaii on the island of Kauai providing regional and local veterinary services for $1,505,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Practice Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously to the closing of Kauai Veterinary Clinic Inc., the Company acquired the underlying real estate from a third party in exchange for $1,300,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Real Estate Holding Co., LLC. These acquisitions were financed with threes loans provided by First Southern National Bank for a total of $2,383,400.
On September 20, 2024, the Company completed the divestiture of its Kauai Veterinary Clinic (“KVC”) to Kauai RE Holdings LLC for $2.0 million, in notes payable assumed by the buyer, with no cash consideration. The agent for the sale was Gregory Armstrong, a current shareholder of the Company and a member of Kauai RE. Charles Keiser, DVM, is a member of Kauai RE and the father of our board member Charles Stith Keiser, who is the Company’s largest shareholder through his entity Wilderness Trace Veterinary Partners, LLC. The divestiture resulted in a gain of $467,049 in fiscal year 2024, which was recorded in “Gain on sale of business” in the Statements of Operations. As a result of the transaction, the Company disposed of $125,508 of goodwill based on the relative fair value of KVC. The estimated fair value of KVC less estimated costs to sell exceeded it carrying amount as of the transaction date. As the sale of KVC was not considered, a significant disposal or a strategic shift that would have a major effect on the Company’s operations or financial results, it was not reported as discontinued operations.
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Chiefland Animal Hospital Acquisition
On August 20, 2021, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Chiefland Animal Hospital from Polycontec, Inc. for $285,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Practice Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the Company acquired the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the Chiefland practice for $279,500 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Real Estate Holding Co., LLC. These acquisitions were financed with two loans provided by WealthSouth, a division of Farmers National Bank of Danville, Kentucky (“WealthSouth”) for a total of $469,259.
Pets & Friends Animal Hospital Acquisition
On October 7, 2021, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of the Pets & Friends Animal Hospital from Pets & Friends Animal Hospital, LLC for $375,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Practice Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the Company acquired the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the Pets & Friends practice for $255,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Real Estate Holding Co., LLC. These acquisitions were financed with two loans provided by WealthSouth for a total of $535,500.
Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco
On January 14, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco in Hudson, Florida from Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco, LLC for $1,014,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP FL Holding Company, LLC. This acquisition was financed by a loan provided by WealthSouth for a total of $817,135.
Lytle Veterinary Clinic
On March 15, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Lytle Veterinary Clinic in Texas from Lytle Veterinary Clinic, Inc. for $662,469 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP Texas Holding Company, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Texas Managing Co., LLC. Simultaneously, the Company acquired the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the Lytle practice for $780,000 from the Lytle practice through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Texas Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by two loans provided by WealthSouth for a total of $1,141,098.
Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic
On March 22, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic in California from Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic, Inc. for $1,500,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP CA Holding Co., LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Texas Managing Co., LLC. Simultaneously, the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings,) utilized by the Kern practice was purchased for $500,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP CA Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by two loans provided by WealthSouth for a total of $1,700,000.
Bartow Animal Clinic
On May 18, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Bartow Animal Clinic in Bartow, Florida from Winter Park Veterinary Clinic, Inc. for $1,055,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP FL Holding Company LLC. Simultaneously, the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the Bartow practice was purchased for $350,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP CA Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by two loans provided by WealthSouth for a total of $969,000.
Dietz Family Pet Hospital
On June 15, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Dietz Family Pet Hospital in Richmond, Texas from Dietz Family Pet Hospital, P.A. for $500,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP Texas Holding Company LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP Texas Managing Co. LLC. This acquisition was financed by a loan provided by WealthSouth for a total of $382,500.
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Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic
On July 29, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic in Aberdeen, Maryland from Fritz Enterprises, Inc. for $574,683 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP MD Holding Company LLC. This acquisition was financed by a loan provided by WealthSouth for a total of $445,981.
All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic
On August 12, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of All Breed Pet Care veterinary clinic in Newburgh, Indiana from Tejal Rege for $952,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP IN Holding Company LLC. Simultaneously, the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the All Breed practice was purchased for $1,200,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP IN Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by three loans provided by WealthSouth for a total of $1,945,450.
Pony Express Veterinary Hospital
On October 31, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of the Pony Express Veterinary Hospital, Inc. in Xenia, Ohio from Pony Express Veterinary Hospital, Inc. for $2,608,652 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary IVP OH Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the real estate operations, consisting of land and buildings, utilized by the Pony Express Veterinary Hospital practice was purchased for $500,000 through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, IVP OH Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by three loans provided by First Southern National Bank for a total of $2,853,314.
Williamsburg Animal Clinic
On December 9, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of Williamsburg Veterinary Clinic in Williamsburg, MA from Williamsburg Animal Clinic, LLC for $850,000 through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, IVP MA Holding Company, LLC. This acquisition was financed by a loan provided by WealthSouth for a total of $637,500.
The Old 41 Animal Hospital
On December 16, 2022, the Company acquired the veterinary practice and related assets of The Old 41 Veterinary Clinic in Bonita Springs, FL from The Old 41 Animal Hospital, LLC for $665,000 through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, IVP FL Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the real estate operations consisting of land and building utilized by the Old 41 practice for $800,000 from Scott A. Gregory DVM, LLC through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, IVP FL Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by two loans provided by First Southern National Bank for a total of $1,208,000.
Valley Veterinary Service Acquisition
On November 8, 2023, the Company acquired the animal hospital and related assets of Valley Veterinary Service, Inc in Rostraver Township, Pennsylvania for $800,000 in cash, a holdback agreement for $200,000 in cash that may be paid out at the end of the two year period following the acquisition based on continued employment by the two former owners and revenue targets for year 1 and year 2 following the effective date of the acquisition, which is not included in the consideration transferred, and issuance of restricted shares of the Company’s Class A common stock equal to $400,000 through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary IVP PA Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the Company acquired the real estate operations consisting of land and building utilized by Valley Veterinary Services, Inc animal hospital for $590,000 from the owners of Valley Veterinary Services, Inc through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, IVP PA Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by one loan provided by First Southern National Bank for $375,000 and one loan provided by Farmers National Bank of Danville for $850,000.
Debary Animal Clinic
On June 4, 2025, the Company acquired the animal clinic and related assets of DeBary Animal Clinic in DeBary, Florida for $1,850,000 in cash, a holdback agreement for $114,500 in cash that may be paid out at the end of the two year period following the acquisition based on continued employment by the former owner and revenue targets for year 1 and year 2 following the effective date of the acquisition, which is not included in the consideration transferred, and issuance of restricted shares of the Company’s Class A common stock equal to $92,500 through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary IVP FL Holding Company, LLC. Simultaneously, the Company acquired the real estate operations consisting of land and building utilized by DeBary Animal Clinic for $1,132,000 from the owner of DeBary Animal Clinic through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, IVP FL Properties, LLC. This acquisition was financed by one loan provided by Ushjo or $780,000.
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Comparability of Our Results of Operations
Results of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Summary of Results of Operations
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Service revenue | $ | 9,074,965 | $ | 9,735,585 | ||||
| Product revenue | 3,163,910 | 3,535,388 | ||||||
| Total revenue | 12,238,875 | 13,270,973 | ||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||
| Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | 7,253,536 | 7,705,972 | ||||||
| Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | 2,507,227 | 2,807,025 | ||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 7,514,420 | 5,111,892 | ||||||
| Debt extinguishment loss | 689,411 | 1,587,862 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 864,293 | 1,048,290 | ||||||
| Gain on sale of business | - | (467,049 | ) | |||||
| Total operating expenses | 18,828,887 | 20,762,299 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (6,590,012 | ) | (7,491,326 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expenses): | ||||||||
| Interest income | 25 | 46 | ||||||
| Interest expense | (1,385,891 | ) | (2,801,491 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expenses) | - | (4,768 | ) | |||||
| Total other expenses | (1,385,866 | ) | (2,806,213 | ) | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | (7,975,878 | ) | (10,297,539 | ) | ||||
| Benefit for income taxes | - | - | ||||||
| Net loss | (7,975,878 | ) | (10,297,539 | ) | ||||
| Dividend on convertible series A preferred stock | - | (220,850 | ) | |||||
| Net loss attributable to class A and B common stockholders | $ | (7,975,878 | ) | $ | (10,518,389 | ) | ||
| Net loss per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | (1.55 | ) | $ | (2.64 | ) | ||
| Weighted average shares outstanding per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 5,154,703 | 3,989,343 | ||||||
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Revenue
The following table presents the breakdown of revenue between products and services:
| For the Nine Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||
| Service Revenue | $ | 9,074,965 | $ | 9,735,585 | $ | (660,620 | ) | -7 | % | |||||||
| Percentage of revenue | 74 | % | 73 | % | ||||||||||||
| Product Revenue | 3,163,910 | 3,535,388 | (371,478 | ) | -11 | % | ||||||||||
| Percentage of revenue | 26 | % | 27 | % | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,238,875 | $ | 13,270,973 | $ | (1,032,098 | ) | -8 | % | |||||||
| Average Daily Service Revenue for the Nine Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Animal Hospital & Clinics | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Kauai Veterinary Clinic1 | $ | - | $ | 3,791 | $ | (3,791 | ) | -100 | % | |||||||
| Chiefland Animal Hospital | 1,625 | 1,634 | (8 | ) | 0 | % | ||||||||||
| Pets & Friends Animal Hospital | 4,477 | 3,847 | 630 | 16 | % | |||||||||||
| Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco | 2,313 | 1,938 | 375 | 19 | % | |||||||||||
| Lytle Veterinary Clinic | 1,576 | 1,822 | (246 | ) | -13 | % | ||||||||||
| Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic | 3,947 | 3,701 | 208 | -7 | % | |||||||||||
| Bartow Animal Clinic | 2,106 | 1,898 | (169 | ) | 11 | % | ||||||||||
| Dietz Family Pet Hospital | 1,375 | 1,544 | (484 | ) | -37 | % | ||||||||||
| Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic | 827 | 1,311 | 231 | -37 | % | |||||||||||
| All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic | 3,047 | 2,816 | (96 | ) | 8 | % | ||||||||||
| Pony Express Veterinary Hospital | 3,616 | 3,712 | (166 | ) | -3 | % | ||||||||||
| Williamsburg Animal Clinic | 2,185 | 2,352 | (550 | ) | -7 | % | ||||||||||
| Old 41 Animal Hospital | 905 | 1,455 | 268 | -38 | % | |||||||||||
| Valley Veterinary Services Animal Hospital | 3,978 | 3,710 | 266 | 7 | % | |||||||||||
| DeBary Animal Clinic2 | 2,896 | - | 2,896 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Daily Service Revenue | $ | 31,979 | $ | 35,531 | $ | (3,552 | ) | |||||||||
| 1. | The veterinary practice was sold effective September 20, 2024. |
| 2. | The veterinary practice was acquired on June 5, 2025. |
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| Average Daily Product Revenue for the Nine Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Animal Hospital & Clinics | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Kauai Veterinary Clinic1 | $ | - | $ | 1,327 | $ | (1,327 | ) | -100 | % | |||||||
| Chiefland Animal Hospital | 1,224 | 1,039 | 186 | 18 | % | |||||||||||
| Pets & Friends Animal Hospital | 1,269 | 1,145 | 124 | 11 | % | |||||||||||
| Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco | 662 | 528 | 134 | 25 | % | |||||||||||
| Lytle Veterinary Clinic | 822 | 937 | (115 | ) | -12 | % | ||||||||||
| Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic | 813 | 765 | 47 | 6 | % | |||||||||||
| Bartow Animal Clinic | 951 | 998 | (47 | ) | -5 | % | ||||||||||
| Dietz Family Pet Hospital | 455 | 625 | (169 | ) | -27 | % | ||||||||||
| Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic | 332 | 534 | (202 | ) | -38 | % | ||||||||||
| All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic | 818 | 831 | (14 | ) | -2 | % | ||||||||||
| Pony Express Veterinary Hospital | 1,602 | 1,501 | 101 | 7 | % | |||||||||||
| Williamsburg Animal Clinic | 557 | 727 | (170 | ) | -23 | % | ||||||||||
| Old 41 Animal Hospital | 392 | 483 | (91 | ) | -19 | % | ||||||||||
| Valley Veterinary Services Animal Hospital | 1,201 | 1,464 | (263 | ) | -18 | % | ||||||||||
| DeBary Animal Clinic2 | 1,131 | - | 1,131 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Daily Product Revenue | $ | 11,097 | $ | 12,903 | $ | (1,806 | ) | |||||||||
| 1. | The veterinary practice was sold effective September 20, 2024. |
| 2. | The veterinary practice was acquired on June 5, 2025. |
Revenue in General: The Company believes the breakdown of gross revenue into service revenue and product revenue categories produces meaningful measures to Company management and the Company’s investors in light of the Company’s objective to protect the service channel and derive the majority of its revenue from services and expertise which are not capable of disruption from other channels. To achieve this objective, the Company seeks to match the industry target metric of 70% to 80% of gross revenue being derived from services: examination fees, diagnostics fees, laboratory work, surgery and others veterinary services. The Company believes these service revenue sources require veterinary professionals to preside over care delivery and, unlike some veterinary care products, cannot be replaced or sold by other non-veterinary hospital channels such as retail (including over-the-counter and online). Accordingly, the Company views products such as parasite controls, veterinary nutrition products and additives as important, but the Company does not rely on product revenue to account for more than 20% to 30% of gross revenue. Medications and therapeutics which only a licensed veterinary doctor or licensed technician can administer, while still making up part of the 20% to 30% of gross revenue, are less easily diverted to non-veterinary hospital channels as they require licensed professionals to prescribe or utilize them.
The Company uses these percentages in concert with metrics such as Revenue Per Patient Per day (“RPP”) and Average Patient Charge (“APC”) to analyze the comprehensive nature of diagnostics and services provided by each veterinary hospital. Sometimes referred to as “quality medicine” metrics within the veterinary service industry, the Company uses RPP and APC to determine how a doctor’s time is being utilized (inclusive of all diagnostics and therapies). RPP and APC metrics are consolidated into the presentation of average daily service revenue and average daily product revenue. The Company believes these analyses help the Company ensure that its caseload is revenue positive to avoid clinicians spending time on patient work which underutilizes their time and erodes labor profitability. The Company also believes these metrics are useful to investors and potential investors to compare the Company’s service-to-product revenue mix against generally accepted industry targets and specific veterinary care service provider competitors.
The services revenue and product revenue metrics are measured in dollars as calculated by the practice management software we provide to each of our clinics to track medical notes, treatment plans, services and products prescribed and provided, as well as to manage invoicing related to all of the above. Reports are generated which allow Company management to view each of these as line-items as well as measure the ratio of service revenue versus product revenue within our revenue mix.
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The Company believes the ratio metric is useful for management and its investors for several reasons:
| ● | The Company and its medical leadership teach and enable its medical staff to provide comprehensive medical care which is appropriate for each animal patient. For example, charges to a client which skew too heavily toward products and do not include necessary services may be an indicator that medical cases are not being fully diagnosed using an appropriate standard of available and appropriate diagnostics and care. This broad analysis can indicate that more questions should be asked about how cases are managed by certain providers, particularly if patterns emerge; |
| ● | Comprehensive care for pets means physical exams, dental care, blood work and many other service related line-items. An overreliance on product revenue alone (which products may be available over-the-counter outside of the veterinary channel) leaves veterinary clinics susceptible to sales transfer to other channels. In addition, appropriate veterinary care (as defined by market practice and some state licensing boards) does not include prescribing products without the delivery of diagnostic and care services. |
| ● | Advancements in veterinary care within the last decade such as anesthetic protocols, pain management, fear free medicine and other services have shown great efficacy for the betterment of patients and their recovery from illness or surgeries. The absence of certain services and procedures within, for instance, a surgery package for a patient, would indicate an opportunity to improve outcomes for a patient and extend life expectancy. These are positive outcomes for clients and, therefore, of interest and value to the Company and our investors. |
Service Revenues: The Company recognizes service revenue from health exams, pet grooming, veterinary care, and certain other services performed at our animal hospitals or clinics and is recognized once the service is completed, as this is when the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain the benefits of the services. Payment terms are at the point of sale but may also occur upon completion of the service. Service revenue decreased $660,620 or 7%, to $9,074,965 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $9,735,585 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in service revenue is mainly attributed to the exclusion of KVC from 2025 results offset by results from DeBary animal clinic that was acquired in Q2 2025.
Product Revenues: Product revenue is recognized when control passes, which occurs at a point in time when the customer completes a transaction at our animal hospitals or clinics and receives the product. Product revenue decreased $371,478, or 11%, to $3,163,910 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $3,535,388 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The overall decrease was a result of customers purchasing less products per visit and the exclusion of KVC from 2025 results offset by results from DeBary animal clinic that was acquired in Q2 2025.
Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): Cost of service revenue consists of cost directly related to the animal services provided at the Company’s veterinary clinics and animal hospitals, which primarily includes personnel-related compensation costs of the employees at the Company’s veterinary clinics or animal hospitals, laboratory costs, pet supply costs, third-party veterinarian contractors, office rent, utilities, supplies, and other cost arising as a result of the services being performed, excluding depreciation and amortization. Cost of service revenue decreased $452,436, or 6%, to $7,253,536 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $7,705,972 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in cost of service revenue excluding depreciation and amortization was driven primarily by the decrease in service revenue due to the exclusion of KVC from 2025 results. These decreases were offset by results from DeBary animal clinic that was acquired in Q2 2025.
Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): Cost of product revenue consists of cost directly related to the product sales at the Company’s veterinary clinics and animal hospitals, which primarily includes personnel-related compensation costs of the employees at the Company’s veterinary clinics or animal hospitals, purchase price of the medication we dispense, and purchase price of product sold, excluding depreciation and amortization. Cost of product revenue decreased $299,768, or 11%, to $2,507,227 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $2,807,025 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in cost of product revenue was driven primarily by a decrease in product revenue due to the exclusion of KVC from 2025 results. These decreases were offset by results from DeBary animal clinic that was acquired in Q2 2025.
General and Administrative Expense: General and administrative expenses include personnel-related compensation costs for corporate employees, such as management, accounting, legal, acquisition related and non-recurring expenses, insurance and other expenses used to operate the business. General and administrative expenses decreased $565,779, or 7% to $7,514,420 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $8,080,199 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to decreases in expenses from the investor relations agency contracts and marketing agreements the Company entered into during the first quarter of 2024 following the February 2024 public stock offering. These decreases were offset by increased consulting agreements relating to customer outreach and operations improvements.
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Depreciation and Amortization Expense: Depreciation and amortization expense mainly relates to the assets used in generating revenue. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $183,997, or 18%, to $864,293 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $1,048,290 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the sale of KVC during Q3 2024.
Other Expense: Other expense is composed primarily of interest expense and small denomination bank fee charges. Other expense decreased $1,420,347, or 51%, to $1,385,866 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $2,806,213 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in the financing arrangements to fund working capital at a very high effective interest rate as compared to the Company’s term loans.
Net Loss: Net Loss decreased $2,321,661, or 23%, to $7,975,878 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $10,297,539 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The reduction of the net loss is primarily attributable to the decline in interest expense and the exclusion of the operating expenses associated with KVC.
Comparability of Our Results of Operations
Results of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024:
Summary of Results of Operations
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Service revenue | $ | 3,138,670 | $ | 2,969,748 | ||||
| Product revenue | 1,177,462 | 1,079,277 | ||||||
| Total revenue | 4,316,132 | 4,049,025 | ||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||
| Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | 2,678,940 | 2,568,085 | ||||||
| Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, shown separately below) | 850,153 | 854,921 | ||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 2,423,707 | 2,988,122 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 330,498 | 340,167 | ||||||
| Gain on sale of business | - | (467,049 | ) | |||||
| Total operating expenses | 6,283,298 | 6,284,246 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (1,967,166 | ) | (2,235,221 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expenses): | ||||||||
| Interest income | 4 | 44 | ||||||
| Interest expense | (559,111 | ) | (1,254,149 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expenses) | - | - | ||||||
| Total other expenses | (559,108 | ) | (1,254,105 | ) | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | (2,526,273 | ) | (3,489,326 | ) | ||||
| Benefit for income taxes | - | - | ||||||
| Net loss | (2,526,273 | ) | (3,489,326 | ) | ||||
| Dividend on convertible series A preferred stock | - | - | ||||||
| Net loss attributable to class A and B common stockholders | $ | (2,526,273 | ) | $ | (3,489,326 | ) | ||
| Net loss per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | (0.41 | ) | $ | (0.85 | ) | ||
| Weighted average shares outstanding per Class A and B common shares: | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 6,091,057 | 4,112,531 | ||||||
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Revenue
The following table presents the breakdown of revenue between products and services:
| For the Three Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||
| Service Revenue | $ | 3,138,670 | $ | 2,969,748 | $ | 168,922 | 6 | % | ||||||||
| Percentage of revenue | 73 | % | 73 | % | ||||||||||||
| Product Revenue | 1,177,462 | 1,079,277 | 98,185 | 9 | % | |||||||||||
| Percentage of revenue | 27 | % | 27 | % | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 4,316,132 | $ | 4,049,025 | $ | 267,107 | 7 | % | ||||||||
| Average Daily Service Revenue for the Three Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Animal Hospital & Clinics | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Kauai Veterinary Clinic1 | $ | - | $ | 3,472 | $ | (3,472 | ) | -100 | % | |||||||
| Chiefland Animal Hospital | 1,573 | 1,408 | 165 | 12 | % | |||||||||||
| Pets & Friends Animal Hospital | 4,505 | 3,212 | 1,293 | 40 | % | |||||||||||
| Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco | 2,348 | 1,637 | 711 | 43 | % | |||||||||||
| Lytle Veterinary Clinic | 1,545 | 1,565 | (19 | ) | -1 | % | ||||||||||
| Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic | 4,318 | 3,333 | 984 | 30 | % | |||||||||||
| Bartow Animal Clinic | 2,068 | 1,642 | 426 | 26 | % | |||||||||||
| Dietz Family Pet Hospital | 1,033 | 1,532 | (499 | ) | -33 | % | ||||||||||
| Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic | 734 | 1,139 | (404 | ) | -36 | % | ||||||||||
| All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic | 2,930 | 2,750 | 180 | 7 | % | |||||||||||
| Pony Express Veterinary Hospital | 3,439 | 3,386 | 53 | 2 | % | |||||||||||
| Williamsburg Animal Clinic | 2,314 | 2,208 | 105 | 5 | % | |||||||||||
| Old 41 Animal Hospital | 674 | 969 | (295 | ) | -30 | % | ||||||||||
| Valley Veterinary Services Animal Hospital | 3,902 | 4,027 | (125 | ) | -3 | % | ||||||||||
| DeBary Animal Clinic2 | 2.733 | - | 2,733 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Daily Service Revenue | $ | 31,383 | $ | 32,280 | $ | (897 | ) | |||||||||
| 1. | The veterinary practice was sold effective September 20, 2024. |
| 2. | The veterinary practice was acquired on June 5, 2025. |
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| Average Daily Product Revenue for the Three Months Ended | September 30, 2025 vs. September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Animal Hospital & Clinics | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Kauai Veterinary Clinic1 | $ | - | $ | 1,108 | $ | (1,108 | ) | -100 | % | |||||||
| Chiefland Animal Hospital | 1,295 | 908 | 386 | 43 | % | |||||||||||
| Pets & Friends Animal Hospital | 1,341 | 1,017 | 323 | 32 | % | |||||||||||
| Advanced Veterinary Care of Pasco | 751 | 459 | 292 | 63 | % | |||||||||||
| Lytle Veterinary Clinic | 879 | 799 | 80 | 10 | % | |||||||||||
| Southern Kern Veterinary Clinic | 853 | 761 | 92 | 12 | % | |||||||||||
| Bartow Animal Clinic | 946 | 866 | 80 | 9 | % | |||||||||||
| Dietz Family Pet Hospital | 417 | 540 | (123 | ) | -23 | % | ||||||||||
| Aberdeen Veterinary Clinic | 383 | 454 | (71 | ) | -16 | % | ||||||||||
| All Breed Pet Care Veterinary Clinic | 885 | 840 | 44 | 5 | % | |||||||||||
| Pony Express Veterinary Hospital | 1,768 | 1,624 | 144 | 9 | % | |||||||||||
| Williamsburg Animal Clinic | 676 | 697 | (21 | ) | -3 | % | ||||||||||
| Old 41 Animal Hospital | 390 | 330 | 59 | 18 | % | |||||||||||
| Valley Veterinary Services Animal Hospital | 1,180 | 1,327 | (147 | ) | -11 | % | ||||||||||
| DeBary Animal Clinic2 | 1,035 | - | 1,035 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Daily Product Revenue | $ | 11,763 | $ | 11,731 | $ | 32 | ||||||||||
| 1. | The veterinary practice was sold effective September 20, 2024. |
| 2. | The veterinary practice was acquired on June 5, 2025. |
Service Revenues: The Company recognizes service revenue from health exams, pet grooming, veterinary care, and certain other services performed at our animal hospitals or clinics and is recognized once the service is completed, as this is when the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain the benefits of the services. Payment terms are at the point of sale but may also occur upon completion of the service. Service revenue increased $168,922 or 6%, to $3,138,670 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $2,969,748 for the three months ended September, 2024. The increase in service revenue is mainly attributed to the general increase in spend, specifically per visit spend.
Product Revenues: Product revenue is recognized when control passes, which occurs at a point in time when the customer completes a transaction at our animal hospitals or clinics and receives the product. Product revenue increased $98,185, or 9%, to $1,177,462 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $1,079,277 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The overall increase was a result of customers purchasing more products per visit.
Cost of service revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): Cost of service revenue consists of cost directly related to the animal services provided at the Company’s veterinary clinics and animal hospitals, which primarily includes personnel-related compensation costs of the employees at the Company’s veterinary clinics or animal hospitals, laboratory costs, pet supply costs, third-party veterinarian contractors, office rent, utilities, supplies, and other cost arising as a result of the services being performed, excluding depreciation and amortization. Cost of service revenue increased $110,855, or 4%, to $2,678,940 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $2,568,085 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in cost of service revenue sold excluding depreciation and amortization was driven primarily by the increase in service revenue due to higher spend.
Cost of product revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): Cost of product revenue consists of cost directly related to the product sales at the Company’s veterinary clinics and animal hospitals, which primarily includes personnel-related compensation costs of the employees at the Company’s veterinary clinics or animal hospitals, purchase price of the medication we dispense, and purchase price of product sold, excluding depreciation and amortization. Cost of product revenue decreased $4,768, or 1%, to $850,153 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $854,921 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in cost of product revenue was driven primarily by a decrease in product costs with improved pricing at the corporate level and improved ordering guidelines.
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General and Administrative Expense: General and administrative expenses include personnel-related compensation costs for corporate employees, such as management, accounting, legal, acquisition related and non-recurring expenses, insurance and other expenses used to operate the business. General and administrative expenses decreased $564,415, or 19% to $2,423,707 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $2,988,122 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease is primary due to decreased consulting agreements relating to customer outreach and credit card processing fees.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense: Depreciation and amortization expenses mainly relate to the assets used in generating revenue. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $9,669, or 3%, to $330,498 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $340,167 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the sale of KVC during Q3 2024.
Other Expense: Other expenses are composed primarily of interest expenses and small denomination bank fee charges. Other expenses decreased $694,998, or 55%, to $559,108 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $1,254,149 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in the financing arrangements to fund working capital at a very high effective interest rate as compared to the Company’s term loans.
Net Loss: Net Loss decreased $963,053, or 28%, to $2,526,273 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $3,489,326 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The reduction of the net loss is primarily attributable to the decline in interest expense and the exclusion of the operating expenses associated with KVC.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have financed our operations from a combination of:
| ● | issuances and sales of senior convertible notes; |
| ● | issuance of convertible debentures; |
| ● | borrowings under other debt consisting of: (i) a principal lending relationship with Farmers National Bank of Danville; (ii)a principal lending relationship with First Southern National Bank; (iii) short term financing arrangements under merchant cash advance agreement; |
| ● | proceeds from issuance of equity; and |
| ● | cash generated from operations. |
The Company has experienced operating losses since its inception and had a total accumulated deficit of $44,326,159 as of September 30, 2025. The Company expects to incur additional costs and require additional capital as the Company continues to acquire additional veterinary hospitals, clinics and practices. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 the Company’s cash used in operations was $3,598,738.
The Company’s primary short-term cash requirements are to fund working capital, lease obligations and short-term debt, including current maturities of long-term debt. Working capital requirements can vary significantly from period to period, particularly as a result of additional business acquisitions. The Company’s medium-term to long-term cash requirements are to service and repay debt, to expand through acquisitions, and to invest in facilities and equipment for growth initiatives.
The Company’s ability to fund its cash needs will depend, in part, on its ability to generate cash in the future, which depends on future financial results. The Company’s future results are subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative and regulatory factors that may be outside of our control. The Company’s future access to, and the availability of credit on acceptable terms and conditions, is impacted by many factors, including capital market liquidity and overall economic conditions.
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These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has incurred recurring losses and as of September 30, 2025, had an accumulated deficit and negative working capital of $44,326,159 and 5,894,301, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company sustained a net loss of $2,526,273 and $7,975,878, respectively. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months from the date these financial statements were issued. These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. The Company’s continuation as a going concern is contingent upon its ability to obtain additional financing and to generate revenue and cash flow to meet its obligations on a timely basis. The Company will continue to seek to raise additional funding through debt or equity financing during the next twelve months. Management believes that actions presently being taken to obtain additional funding provide the opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern. There is no guarantee the Company will be successful in achieving these objectives.
We cannot be sure that future funding will be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Due to often volatile nature of the financial markets, equity and debt financing may be difficult to obtain.
We may seek to raise any necessary additional capital through a combination of private or public equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements and other marketing and distribution arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through marketing and distribution arrangements or other collaborations, strategic alliances or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights or future revenue streams on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we raise additional capital through private or public equity offerings, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect our stockholders’ rights. If we raise additional capital through debt financing, we may be subject to covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.
As of the date of this filing, the Company was in compliance with all covenants and restrictions associated with our debt agreements. The Company is not aware of any instances of breaches or non-compliance with its covenants and commitments under its debt agreements.
Master Lending and Credit Facility
On June 25, 2021, the Company entered into a master line of credit loan agreement (“MLOCA”) with Wealth South a division of Farmers National Bank of Danville, Kentucky (“FNBD”). The MLOCA provides for a $2,000,000 revolving secured credit facility (“Revolving Line”) to be drawn for the initial purchase of veterinary clinical practices (“Practices”) and a $8,000,000 closed end line of credit (“Closed End Line”) to be disbursed as individual loans (Term Loans) to paydown draws on the Revolving Line and to provide longer term financing of the purchase of Practices. Each draw on the Revolving Line shall be repaid with a Term Loan out of the Closed End Line within one hundred and twenty (120) days of the draw on the Revolving Line. Each draw on the Revolving Line and the Closed End Line shall not exceed eighty-five (85%) percent of the purchase price of the Practice. The Company shall contribute and maintain equity of a minimum of fifteen (15%) percent of the initial purchase price of a Practice as long as any draw on the Revolving Line or a Term Loan remains unpaid with FNBD. The Revolving Line has an interest rate equal to the New York Prime Rate plus 0.50% that shall never be less than 3.57%. Each Term Loan issued under the Closed End Line shall have a fixed interest rate of 3.98% for the first five years of the loan. Immediately following the fixed rate period, the rate of interest rate will equal to the New York Prime Rate plus 0.65% that shall never be less than 3.57%. Each Practice to be acquired must have a minimum projected debt-service coverage ratio (“DSCR”) of 1.0x, defined as earnings before interest depreciation and amortization (“EBIDA”)/Annual Debt Service Requirement.
Under the MLOCA the Term Loans to acquire a Practice shall not exceed 10 years. The first twelve months of the Term Loan may be interest only. Thereafter, the Loan will convert to an amortizing loan with monthly principal and interest payments. For Practice only Term Loans (“Practice Term Loans”), after the initial twelve-month interest only period, the balance will amortize over 9 years. For Loans made to purchase real property (“RE Term Loans”), after the initial twelve-month interest only period, the balance will amortize over a 19-year period.
There is no prepayment penalty on payments on the Revolving Line. The Term Loans are subject to a refinance fee of 2% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan if paid within two years of entering into the Term Loan and 1% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan if paid within three to five years of entering into the Term Loan. The refinance fee is due only if the Term Loan is paid off by refinancing. Borrowings under the MLOCA are guaranteed by Kimball Carr, CEO & President of the Company.
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Effective August 18, 2022, the MLOCA was amended such that the interest rate charge on all sums advanced under the amended and restated MLOCA shall be 5.25% for the first five years of the loan. Immediately following the fixed rate period, the rate of interest will be equal to the New York Prime Rate plus 0.65% that shall never be less than 4.75%. The MLOCA has been fully drawn against.
Notes payable to FNBD as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | 237,272 | CAH | 12/27/2021 | 12/27/2041 | 3.98 | % | $ | 212,213 | $ | 219,975 | $ | 6,108 | ||||||||||||
| 231,987 | CAH | 12/27/2021 | 12/27/2031 | 3.98 | % | 168,930 | 187,461 | 6,108 | ||||||||||||||||
| 216,750 | P&F | 12/27/2021 | 12/27/2041 | 3.98 | % | 193,858 | 200,949 | 5,370 | ||||||||||||||||
| 318,750 | P&F | 12/27/2021 | 12/27/2031 | 3.98 | % | 232,110 | 257,571 | 5,370 | ||||||||||||||||
| 817,135 | Pasco | 1/14/2022 | 1/14/2032 | 3.98 | % | 602,050 | 667,050 | 3,085 | ||||||||||||||||
| 478,098 | Lytle | 3/15/2022 | 3/15/2032 | 3.98 | % | 362,271 | 398,275 | 1,898 | ||||||||||||||||
| 663,000 | Lytle | 3/15/2022 | 3/15/2042 | 3.98 | % | 602,050 | 621,020 | 11,875 | ||||||||||||||||
| 425,000 | Kern | 3/22/2022 | 3/22/2042 | 3.98 | % | 385,929 | 398,089 | 7,855 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1,275,000 | Kern | 3/22/2022 | 3/22/2032 | 3.98 | % | 966,107 | 1,062,126 | 4,688 | ||||||||||||||||
| 246,500 | Bartow | 5/18/2022 | 5/18/2042 | 3.98 | % | 224,497 | 232,428 | 5,072 | ||||||||||||||||
| 722,500 | Bartow | 5/18/2022 | 5/18/2032 | 3.98 | % | 556,980 | 613,737 | 2,754 | ||||||||||||||||
| 382,500 | Dietz | 6/15/2022 | 6/15/2032 | 3.98 | % | 298,128 | 328,026 | 1,564 | ||||||||||||||||
| 445,981 | Aberdeen | 7/19/2022 | 7/29/2032 | 3.98 | % | 352,980 | 386,120 | 1,786 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1,020,000 | All Breed | 8/12/2022 | 8/12/2042 | 3.98 | % | 942,476 | 971,173 | 8,702 | ||||||||||||||||
| 519,527 | All Breed | 8/12/2022 | 8/12/2032 | 3.98 | % | 415,513 | 453,984 | 3,159 | ||||||||||||||||
| 225,923 | All Breed | 8/12/2022 | 8/12/2032 | 5.25 | % | 182,828 | 198,905 | 3,159 | ||||||||||||||||
| 637,500 | Williamsburg | 12/8/2022 | 12/8/2032 | 5.25 | % | 536,269 | 580,834 | 2,556 | ||||||||||||||||
| 850,000 | Valley Vet | 11/8/2023 | 11/8/2033 | 5.25 | % | 783,340 | 843,796 | 3,315 | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | 9,713,423 | $ | 8,018,482 | $ | 8,621,519 | $ | 84,424 | |||||||||||||||||
The Company amortized $1,560 and $1,560 of issuance costs in the aggregate during the three months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company amortized $4,629 and $4,646 of issuance cost in the aggregate during the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for the FNBD notes payable.
FSB Commercial Loans
In January 2021, the Company entered into three separate commercial loans with First Southern National Bank (“FSB”) as part of the KVC acquisition. The first commercial loan, in the amount of $1,105,000, had a fixed interest rate of 4.35% and a maturity date of January 25, 2024. The fixed rate loan had monthly payments of $6,903 and a full payoff of the remaining principal balance at maturity. The commercial loan had issuance costs of $13,264 that were capitalized and being amortized straight line over the life of the loan. The Company entered into a Forbearance Agreement that extended the maturity date to August 31, 2024, required the Company to make monthly payments of $9,016 and increased the interest rate to 8.15% per annum. On September 20, 2024, this loan was assumed by Kauai RE Holdings LLC in the sale of KVC. Refer to “Business disposal” above for further detail.
The second commercial loan with FSB, in the amount of $1,278,400, had a fixed interest rate of 4.35% and a maturity date of January 25, 2024. The fixed rate loan had monthly payments of $13,157 and a full payoff of the remaining principal balance at maturity. The commercial loan had issuance costs of $10,085 that were capitalized and being amortized straight line over the life of the loan. The Company entered into a Forbearance Agreement that extended the maturity date to August 31, 2024, required the Company to make monthly payments of $14,898 and increased the interest rate to 8.15% per annum. On September 20, 2024, this loan was assumed by Kauai RE Holdings LLC in the sale of KVC. Refer to “Business disposal” above for further detail.
The third commercial loan with FSB, in the amount of $450,000, had a fixed interest rate of 5.05% and a maturity date of September 11, 2021. The commercial loan was modified on August 25, 2021 to extend the maturity date to February 25, 2023 and increase the principal amount to $469,914. The fixed rate loan had monthly payments of $27,164 and was fully paid off on the maturity date. The commercial loan had issuance costs of $753 that were capitalized and being amortized straight line over the life of the loan. This loan was paid in full in February 2023.
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On October 31, 2022, the Company entered into three separate commercial loans with FSB as part of the Pony Express Practice acquisition. The first loan with FSB was in the amount of $2,086,921. The loan has a fixed interest rate of 5.97% and a maturity date of October 31, 2025. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments of $23,138 except for a final monthly payment of $1,608,530. The commercial loan had issuance costs of $25,575 that were capitalized and are being amortized straight line over the life of the loan.
The second loan with FSB was in the amount of $400,000. The loan has a fixed interest rate of 5.97% and a maturity date of October 31, 2042. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments of $2,859. The commercial loan had issuance costs of $3,277 that were capitalized and are being amortized straight line over the life of the loan.
The third loan with FSB was in the amount of $700,000. The loan has a fixed interest rate of 6.75% and a maturity date of October 31, 2025. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments of $6,903 except for a final monthly payment of $423,278. The commercial loan did not have any issuance costs that were capitalized.
On December 16, 2022, the Company entered into two separate commercial loans with FSB as part of the Old 41 Practice acquisition. The first loan with FSB was in the amount of $568,000. The loan has a fixed interest rate of 6.50% and a maturity date of December 16, 2025. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments of $4,772 and a full payoff of the remaining principal balance at maturity. The loan had issuance costs of $4,531 that were capitalized and are being amortized straight line over the life of the loan.
The second loan with FSB was in the amount of $640,000. The loan has a fixed interest rate of 6.50% and a maturity date of December 16, 2025. The fixed rate loan has twelve monthly payments of approximately $2,830, followed by monthly payments of $7,443. and the interest rate is 6.50%. The loan had issuance costs of $5,077 that were capitalized and are being amortized straight line over the life of the loan.
On November 8, 2023, the Company entered into a commercial loan with FSB as part of the Valley Vet acquisition. The loan with FSB was in the amount of $375,000. The loan has a fixed rate of 8.5% and a maturity date of January 29, 2026. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments of $3,255, except one final payment of the outstanding principal balance on the note, including any accrued and unpaid interest. The loan had issuance costs of $6,877 that were capitalized and are being amortized straight line over the life of the loan.
The FSB commercial loans are guaranteed by Kimball Carr, Chief Executive Officer and President and Charles Stith Keiser, a member of our Board of Directors.
Notes payable to FSB as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | 1,105,000 | KVC | 1/25/2021 | 2/25/2041 | 4.35 | % | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 13,264 | ||||||||||||
| 1,278,400 | KVC | 1/25/2021 | 1/25/2031 | 4.35 | % | - | - | 10,085 | ||||||||||||||||
| 469,914 | KVC | 1/25/2021 | 2/25/2023 | 5.05 | % | - | - | 753 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2,086,921 | Pony Express | 10/31/2022 | 10/31/2025 | 5.97 | % | 1,605,591 | 1,733,807 | 25,575 | ||||||||||||||||
| 400,000 | Pony Express | 10/31/2022 | 10/31/2042 | 5.97 | % | 367,827 | 375,943 | 3,277 | ||||||||||||||||
| 700,000 | Pony Express | 10/31/2022 | 8/16/2023 | 7.17 | % | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
| 568,000 | Old 41 | 12/16/2022 | 12/16/2025 | 6.50 | % | 239,320 | 470,227 | 4,531 | ||||||||||||||||
| 640,000 | Old 41 | 12/16/2022 | 12/16/2025 | 6.50 | % | 384,465 | 406,641 | 5,077 | ||||||||||||||||
| 375,000 | Valley Vet | 11/8/2023 | 1/29/2026 | 8.50 | % | 364,470 | 375,000 | 6,877 | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | 7,623,235 | $ | 2,961,673 | $ | 3,361,618 | $ | 69,439 | |||||||||||||||||
The Company amortized $2,995 and $5,146 of issuance cost in the aggregate during the three months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company amortized $8,886 and $15,325 of issuance cost in the aggregate during the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for the FSB notes payable.
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Ushjo Commercial Loan
On June 4, 2025, the Company entered into a commercial loan with Ushjo as part of the DeBary Animal Clinic acquisition. The loan with Ushjo was entered into on June 4, 2025, in the amount of $780,000. The loan has a fixed rate of 11.25% and a maturity date of July 1, 2026. The fixed rate loan has monthly payments for the interest portion of the loan, except one final payment of the outstanding principal balance on the note, including any accrued and unpaid interest.
Notes payable to Ushjo as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| Original | September 30, | December 31, | Issuance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Acquisition | Entered | Maturity | Interest | 2025 | 2024 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | 780,000 | DeBary | 6/4/2025 | 7/1/2026 | 11.25 | % | $ | 780,000 | $ | - | $ | 18,810 | ||||||||||||
The Company amortized $4,415 and $0 of issuance cost in the aggregate during the three months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company amortized $5,662 and $0 of issuance cost in the aggregate during the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for the Ushjo notes payable.
Notes payable as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| FNBD Notes Payable | $ | 8,018,480 | $ | 8,621,519 | ||||
| FSB Notes Payable | 2,961,673 | 3,361,618 | ||||||
| Ushjo Note Payable | 780,000 | - | ||||||
| Total notes payable | 11,760,153 | 11,983,137 | ||||||
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | (81,146 | ) | (81,909 | ) | ||||
| Notes payable, net of issuance cost | 11,679,007 | 11,901,228 | ||||||
| Less current portion | (3,424,599 | ) | (3,410,465 | ) | ||||
| Long-term portion | $ | 8,254,408 | $ | 8,490,763 | ||||
Notes payable repayment requirements as of September 30, 2025, in the succeeding years are summarized as follows:
| Remainder of 2025 | $ | 2,435,653 | ||
| 2026 | 1,985,045 | |||
| 2027 | 876,805 | |||
| 2028 | 914,210 | |||
| 2029 | 954,785 | |||
| Thereafter | 4,593,655 | |||
| Total | $ | 11,760,153 |
Convertible Debenture
Between March 18 and December 28, 2021, the Company issued $2,102,500 in aggregate principal amount of 6.00% subordinated convertible promissory notes (“Convertible Debenture”). During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company issued $1,612,000 in aggregated principal amount of the Convertible Debenture. In March 2023 the Company issued an additional $650,000 in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Debenture to five (5) separate holders. The Convertible Debenture was convertible into the Company’s Class A common stock upon the Company’s offering for sale its shares in a initial public offering (“IPO”). At the holder’s election, the accrued interest and principal could be paid in cash or Class A common stock (such number of shares reflecting a twenty-five percent (25%) discount to the opening price per share of Class A common stock). The Convertible Debenture matured 5 years from the date of issuance to each holder. Upon an IPO, the accrued and unpaid interest was due and payable in cash on the first business day of the following month for any balance not elected to be converted into the Class A common stock. The Convertible Debenture incurred issuance costs of $40,000 that were amortized straight line over the life of the Convertible Debenture. The Company amortized $0 of issuance cost during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The Company amortized $0 for the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024.
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Upon the Company’s IPO closing on August 31, 2023, the majority of Convertible Debenture holders elected to convert an aggregate of $4,014,500 of principal and $399,818 of accrued interest into 14,953 shares of Class A common stock at a conversion price of $30.00 per share. The Company recorded a beneficial conversion feature as of the date of the conversion of $1,569,395 based on the IPO price of $40 per share minus the principal and accrued interest of the Convertible Debenture balance converted into common stock. Four holders of the Convertible Debenture with an aggregate principal balance of $250,000 elected to be paid back in cash and one investor with a principal balance of $100,000 elected to be paid on February 28, 2024 including accrued interest through the date of payment at 6%. As of September 30, 2025, there is no principal amount of the Convertible Debenture outstanding.
Loans Payable
On May 30, 2023, the Company entered into a Merchant Cash Advance Agreement for gross proceeds of $1,050,000 with an unrelated third-party financial institution. Under the terms of the initial agreement, the Company had to pay $57,346 each week for 26 weeks with the first payment due June 6, 2023. The financing arrangement had an effective interest rate of 49%. The financing arrangement included an original issuance discount (“OID”) of $441,000 and issuance costs of $50,000. The OID and issuance costs associated with the financing arrangement are presented in the balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the financing arrangement and are amortized using the effective interest method.
On August 10, 2023, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $507,460, increasing weekly repayments to $76,071 over 28 weeks. This amendment decreased the effective interest rate to 41%. The modification was evaluated under ASC 470-50 and determined to be a debt extinguishment. As a result, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $441,618, which was recorded in the statement of operations.
On November 28, 2023, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $531,071, decreasing weekly payments to $56,800 over 40 weeks. This amendment increased the effective interest rate to 49%. The modification was deemed a debt extinguishment, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $485,436, recorded in the statement of operations.
On January 18, 2024, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $549,185, increasing weekly payments to $86,214 over 43 weeks. This amendment increased the effective interest rate to 52%. The modification was accounted for as a debt extinguishment, and the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $728,278 in the statement of operations.
On May 7, 2024, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $518,750, increasing weekly payments to $90,229 over 48 weeks. This amendment decreased the effective interest rate to 49%. The modification was treated as a debt extinguishment, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $859,584, recorded in the statement of operations.
On December 24, 2024, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $513,650, increasing weekly payments to $71,995 over 41 weeks. This amendment decreased the effective interest rate to 43%. The modification was determined to be a debt extinguishment, and the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $546,356 in the statement of operations.
On May 20, 2025, the Company amended its financing arrangement to borrow an additional $550,000, increasing weekly payments to $78,500 over 47 weeks. This amendment decreased the effective interest rate to 42%. The modification was accounted for as a debt extinguishment, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $689,411, recorded in the statement of operations.
On April 4, 2024, the Company entered into a new financing agreement for gross proceeds of $420,000 with a different unrelated third-party financial institution. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company had to pay $21,600 each week for 28 weeks with the first payment due April 8, 2024. The financing arrangement had an effective interest rate of 51%. The financing arrangement included an original issuance discount (“OID”) of $184,800 and issuance costs of $20,000. The OID and issuance costs associated with the financing arrangement are presented in the balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the financing arrangement and are amortized using the effective interest method. As of September 30, 2025, the financing arrangement has been paid in full, and the original issuance discount and issuance costs have been fully amortized.
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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company amortized $389,987 and $923,215 of OID and issuance cost, respectively. The amounts are included in interest expense on the statement of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company made $942,000 and $2,774,400 in payments on the loan payable. The outstanding balance of the loan payable as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were $2,057,740 and $2,340,020. The financing arrangement is secured by an interest in virtually all assets of the Company with a first security interest in accounts receivable. The financing arrangements are guaranteed by Kimball Carr, the Company’s CEO.
Convertible Notes Payable
On March 26, 2024, Inspire entered into a securities purchase agreement with a certain investor, pursuant to which Inspire issued a convertible note payable for $500,000. The convertible note payable had a maturity date of the earlier of December 26, 2024 or the consummation of a capital raise. As of September 30, 2025, the financing arrangement has been paid in full.
On June 11, 2024, Inspire entered into a securities purchase agreement with two investors, pursuant to which Inspire issued each investor a convertible note payable”) each for $250,000. The convertible notes payable have a maturity date of the earlier of February 11, 2025 or the consummation of a capital raise. As of September 30, 2025, the financing arrangement has been paid in full.
When outstanding the Convertible Notes Payable contain an original issued discount (“OID”) which was: (i) fifteen percent (15%) if the Convertible Notes Payable were satisfied and paid in full on or before the forty-fifth (45th) day after the Original Issue Date (as such term was defined in the Notes), (ii) twenty percent (20%) if the Convertible Notes Payable were satisfied and paid in full after such 45th day but on or before the ninetieth (90th) day after the Original Issue Date, and (iii) thirty percent (30%) after such 90th day. The Convertible Notes Payable could be prepaid at any time prior to the Maturity Date without any penalties.
The Convertible Notes Payable had to be repaid in full from any future capital raises (debt, equity or any other form of capital raise) of Inspire. All of the funds raised had to be used to repay the Convertible Notes Payable until the Convertible Notes Payable were repaid in full.
The Convertible Notes Payable were convertible into shares of common stock of Inspire, in full or in part, at any time after issuance at the discretion of the noteholder at a fixed conversion price of $0.03 per share (the “Fixed Conversion Price”).
If the Convertible Notes Payable were not repaid by the Maturity Date the default provisions were as follow: (i) The Face Value (as such term was defined in the Convertible Notes Payable) of the Convertible Notes Payable would increase by 20% (to a 50% OID -- $1,000,000 Face Value); (ii) the conversion price of the Convertible Notes Payable would become convertible at the lower of (a) the Fixed Conversion Price or (b) 20% discount to a 3-Day volume-weighted average price (the “Default Conversion Price”).
On May 30, 2025, pursuant to securities purchase agreements, the Company issued Original Issue Discount Notes to two investors in the principal amounts of $204,700 and $92,000, respectively (the “Notes”). The Notes have a maturity date of March 30, 2026 and the proceeds are for general working capital. The Note to Diagonal Lending has a one-time interest payment of $24,564, and an initial payment of $114,632 due on November 30, 2025, with monthly payments of $28,658 due on the 30th of every month thereafter until March 30, 2026. The Note to Boot Capital has a one-time interest payment of $11,040, and an initial payment of $51,520 due on November 30, 2025, with monthly payments of $12,880 due on the 30th of every month thereafter until March 30, 2026.
The Company has the right to prepay the Notes upon written notice to the lender. After an occurrence of an event of default, as described in the Notes, the Notes shall become immediately due and payable and the Company will pay an amount equal to 150% times the sum of (i) the then outstanding principal amount of the Notes plus (ii) accrued and unpaid interest on the unpaid principal amount, plus (iii) default interest, if any.
The lenders will have the right to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of their Note into shares of the Company’s common stock upon the later of 180 days from the issuance date or an event of default, as described in the notes. The conversion price of the Notes is 75% of the market price.
While the Notes remain outstanding, the Company may not, without the lenders’ written consent, sell, lease, or otherwise dispose of any significant portion of its assets except in the ordinary course of business.
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As of September 30, 2025 the balance of the Convertible Notes Payable was $274,908. During the year ended December 31, 2024 the Company paid off $392,857 of the notes payable and accrued interest and converted $1,357,143 into 226,249 shares of class A common stock.
Promissory Note
On June 10, 2025, the Company issued to Target Capital LLC (“Target”) a promissory note in the principal amount of $625,000, with an original issue discount of $125,000 such that the purchase price was $500,000 (the “Target Note”).
The Target Note shall not exceed the maximum amount of such interest permitted by law to be charged and a maturity date of the earlier of (i) six months from the issuance date, or (ii) the close of any capital raise conducted by the Company. The proceeds from the Target Note are for general working capital.
The Company has the right to prepay the Target Note at any time prior to the maturity date without penalty. In the event of the closing of any capital raise conducted by the Company, no less than 50% of the net proceeds shall be used to repay the Target Note, until the Target Note is paid in full.
After an occurrence of an event of default, as described in the Target Note, it shall become immediately due and payable and the original issue discount shall increase from 20% to 40%.
On June 30, 2025, the Company issued to Target a second promissory note in the principal amount of $625,000, with an original issue discount of $125,000 such that the purchase price was $500,000 (the “Second Target Note”).
The Second Target Note has identical terms and provisions to the original Target Note.
Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
The following table provides detailed information about our net cash flows for the periods indicated:
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (3,555,276 | ) | $ | (9,328,339 | ) | ||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,926,315 | ) | (206,155 | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 5,334,147 | 10,036,732 | ||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | (147,444 | ) | $ | 502,238 | |||
Operating Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, operating activities used $3,555,276 of cash compared to $9,328,339 net cash used for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The cash used was primarily due to the Company’s net loss of $7,975,878 offset by non-cash expense of $3,524,358 which consisted of $864,293 of depreciation and amortization, $19,177 of amortization of issuance costs, $927,945 of amortization of debt discount, $184,558 of amortization of operating rights of use assets, $139,274 of stock-based compensation, $699,700 of issuance of class A common stock for services and $689,411 of debt extinguishment loss. The Company also saw positive working capital of $896,244, including decrease in accounts receivables of $11,971, $59,036 decrease in inventory, $557,401 decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets, $5,770 decrease in other assets, $279,238 decrease in accounts payable, $684,170 increase in accrued expenses, and $142,866 decrease in operating lease liabilities.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, operating activities used $9,328,339 of cash compared to $3,065,990 net cash used for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The cash used was primarily due to the Company’s net loss of $10,297,539 offset by non-cash expense of $6,136,057, which consisted of $1,028,475 of depreciation and amortization, $15,825 of amortization of issuance costs, $2,129,380 of amortization of debt discount, $269,172 of amortization of operating rights of use assets, $23,647 for stock-based compensation, $286,696 for issuance of class A common stock for services, $1,587,862 for loss on debt modification, $20,000 for issuance of class A common stock for general release agreement, $600,000 for issuance of Class A common stock and pre-funded warrants in connection with commitment shares, $467,049 for gain on disposal of business and positive working capital of $4,440,656, including increase in accounts receivables of $86,978, $34,527 increase in inventory, $2,701,612 increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets, $12,220 increase in other assets, $1,133,012 decrease in accounts payable,$574,196 decrease in accrued expenses, $92,322 decrease in cumulative series A preferred stock dividends payable, and $80,823 decrease in operating lease liabilities. These increases were offset by decreases of $151,796 decrease in refundable income tax and $32,519 due from former owners.
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Investing Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the cash used was attributable to the purchase of property and equipment of $76,315 and payment for acquisition of business of $1,850,000.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the cash used was attributable to the purchase of property and equipment of $206,155.
Financing Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the cash provided was due to the $1,571,466 proceeds from issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs, $2,285,521 proceeds from issuance of class A common stock and warrants, net of issuance costs, $1,020,295 proceeds from loans payable, $2,222,663 proceeds from issuance of convertible series B preferred stock, $761,190 proceeds from notes payable, net of discount, $250,000 proceeds from Convertible Notes Payable, $1,000,000 proceeds from issuance of convertible debenture, $2,774,400 repayments from loans payable, and $1,002,588 repayment of notes payable.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the cash provided was due to the $8,835,458 proceeds from issuance of class A common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of issuance costs, $1,467,935 net proceeds from loans payable, $200,000 proceeds for issuance of convertible series A preferred stock, $1,000,000 proceeds from convertible note payable, $3,500,000 proceeds from exercise warrants offset by $3,916,004 payments on loan payable, $250,000 payments on convertible notes payable, $700,657 repayment on note payable and $100,000 repayment on convertible debentures.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
A summary of our significant accounting policies is included in Note 2 of our audited consolidated annual financial statements included in Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Our estimates and assumptions are based on historical experiences and changes in the business environment. However, actual results may differ from estimates under different conditions, sometimes materially. Critical accounting policies and estimates are defined as those that are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require management judgment. Our critical accounting policies and estimates are described below.
Acquisitions
The Company enters into acquisitions primarily with existing veterinary hospitals throughout the United States. When we acquire a business or assets that are determined to meet the definition of a business, we allocate the purchase consideration paid to acquire the business to the assets and liabilities acquired based on estimated fair values at the acquisition date, with the excess of purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired recorded as goodwill. If during the measurement period (a period not to exceed 12 months from the acquisition date) we receive additional information that existed as of the acquisition date but at the time of the original allocation described above was unknown to us, we make the appropriate adjustments to the purchase price allocation in the reporting period that the amounts are determined.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the amounts assigned to its net assets. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at a reporting unit level on an annual basis or when an event occurs, or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Events or changes in circumstances that may trigger interim impairment reviews include significant changes in business climate, operating results, planned investments in the reporting unit, or an expectation that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, among other factors.
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The Company may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events and circumstances, the Company determines it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than it’s carrying amount, an impairment test is unnecessary. If an impairment test is necessary, the Company will estimate the fair value of its related reporting units. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is determined to be impaired, and the Company will proceed with recording an impairment charge equal to the excess of the carrying value over the related fair value.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of client list, trademark and non-compete intangibles that result from the acquisition of veterinary hospital or practices. Client list intangible assets represent the value of the long-term client relationship from the veterinary hospitals and practices. Trademark intangible assets represent the value associated with the brand names in place at the date of the acquisition. Non-compete intangible assets represent the value associated with non-compete agreements for former employees and owners in place at the date of the acquisition. The client lists and trademarks included in intangible asset reported on the balance sheet are being amortized over a 5-year term based on the estimated economic useful life of the client list and trademark. The amortization of the intangible asset is computed using the straight-line method. The intangibles are evaluated for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The Company uses the Multi-Period Excess Earnings Method (“MPEEM”), a form of the income approach to determine the fair market value of the client list (customer relationship) intangible assets acquired as part of the acquisitions of veterinary hospitals or practices. The principle behind the MPEEM is that the value of an intangible asset is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flows attributable only to the subject intangible asset after deducting contributory asset charges (“CAC”).
The principle behind a contributory asset charge is that an intangible asset “rents” or “leases” from a hypothetical third party all the assets it requires to produce the cash flows resulting from its development, that each project rents only those assets it needs (including elements of goodwill) and not the ones that it does not, and that each project pays the owner of the assets a fair return on (and of, when appropriate) the fair value of the rented assets. Thus, any net cash flows remaining after such charges are attributable to the subject intangible asset being valued. The incremental after–tax cash flows attributable to the subject intangible asset are then discounted to their present value. CACs generally reflect an estimate of the amount a typical market participant would have to pay to use these contributory assets to generate income with the intangible asset.
The most significant assumptions used in our application of the MPEEM and in the valuation analysis of acquired client lists are:
| — | A useful life of 15 years where after 10 years the remaining customer base results in small positive cash flows and no terminal value was calculated. |
| — | A discount rate of 19.6% was selected to calculate the present value of the prospective after–tax cash flows associated with the customer base and business development relationships. |
| — | We utilized an annual Company sales retention rate of 74.0% (Veterinary Services industry rate) for the Customer Base. |
| — | The contributory asset charges are based on returns (8.3% to 19.7%) for Net Working Capital (normalized); Fixed Assets; Assembled Workforce; Trade Name; and Non-Competes. |
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our intangible assets and goodwill balances were as follows:
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Client List | $ | 1,916,444 | $ | 1,916,444 | ||||
| Noncompete Agreement | 398,300 | 398,300 | ||||||
| Trademark | 1,047,792 | 1,047,792 | ||||||
| Other Intangible Assets | 45,836 | 45,836 | ||||||
| Accumulated amortization | (2,233,273 | ) | (1,774,445 | ) | ||||
| Intangible Assets, net | 1,175,099 | 1,633,927 | ||||||
| Goodwill | 9,088,263 | 8,022,082 | ||||||
| $ | 10,263,362 | $ | 9,656,009 | |||||
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Our valuations of the intangible assets apart of our veterinary clinics and animal hospital acquisitions has a relatively small value allocated to the client list (customer relationship) due to our use of the Veterinary Services industry rate of 74% for the retention rate in our valuations. An increase in the rate by 6% to 80% in our valuations would result in an increase of approximately $1.2 million to the client list and a decrease of approximately $1.2 million to goodwill.
Stock-Based Compensation
The stock-based payments are accounted for in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation. The Company measures the estimated fair value of the stock-based award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model (“Black-Scholes Model”) and recognizes compensation expense for those awards over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Black-Scholes Model requires the use of a number of assumptions including volatility of the stock price, the weighted average risk-free interest rate, and the vesting period in determining the fair value of stock-based awards. The expected term is based on the “simplified method”, due to the Company’s limited stock award history. Under this method, the term is estimated using the weighted average of the service vesting period and contractual term of the option award. As the Company Class A common stock has a limited history in the public markets, the Company has identified several public entities of similar size, complexities and industry and calculates historical volatility based on the volatilities of these companies. Although the Company believes its assumptions used to calculate stock-based compensation expenses are reasonable, these assumptions can involve complex judgments about future events, which are open to interpretation and inherent uncertainty. In addition, significant changes to our assumptions could significantly impact the amount of expense recorded in a given period. The Company accounts for forfeitures in the period in which they occur, rather than estimate expected forfeitures.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates, regulatory, and inflation.
Interest Rate Risk
Our credit facilities bear interest at a floating rate, generally equal to the New York Prime Rate plus an applicable margin. As a result, we are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates to the extent of our net borrowings under the MLOCA, which were $11,679,007 as of September 30, 2025. The exposure to interest rate fluctuations for the Company is considered minimal. The Company’s term loans issued under the MLOCA have a fixed interest rate for the initial five years followed by a variable interest rate. The Company has not used any financial instruments to hedge potential fluctuations in interest rates.
As interest rates rise, there is risk in the form of more expensive loans which would negatively impact the valuation and profitability of each hospital which is purchased.
Inflation Risk
We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If our costs become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We know of no active or pending legal proceedings against us, nor are we involved as a plaintiff in any proceedings or pending litigation. There are no proceedings in which any of our directors, officers or affiliates, or any beneficial shareholder are an adverse party or has a material interest adverse to us.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information under this item.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None, other than as disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 4, 2025, September 15, 2025 and November 10, 2025.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
None of the Company’s directors or officers
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Item 6. Exhibits.
| Exhibit No. | Description | |
| 31.1* | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer | |
| 31.2* | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer | |
| 32.1* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 32.2* | Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 101.INS* | Inline XBRL Instance Document | |
| 101.SCH* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
| 101.CAL* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Link base Document | |
| 101.DEF* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Link base Document | |
| 101.LAB* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Link base Document | |
| 101.PRE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Link base Document | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |
| * | Provided herewith. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Kimball Carr |
| Kimball Carr | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Richard Frank |
| Richard Frank | ||
| Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
OF REGISTRANT PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(RULE 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT)
I, Kimball Carr, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc.; | |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report; | |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report; | |
| 4. | I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: | |
| a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly for the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared; | |
| b) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; | |
| c) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; | |
| d) | disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; | |
| 5. | I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): | |
| a) | all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and | |
| b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. | |
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Kimball Carr |
| Name: | Kimball Carr | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
OF REGISTRANT PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(RULE 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT)
I, Richard Frank, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc.; | |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report; | |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report; | |
| 4. | I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: | |
| a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly for the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared; | |
| b) | designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | |
| c) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; | |
| d) | disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; | |
| 5. | I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): | |
| a) | all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and | |
| b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. | |
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Richard Frank |
| Name: | Richard Frank | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, in the capacity and on the date indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to his knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company. |
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Kimball Carr |
| Name: | Kimball Carr | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inspire Veterinary Partners, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, in the capacity and on the date indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to his knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company. |
| Date: November 12, 2025 | By: | /s/ Richard Frank |
| Name: | Richard Frank | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial Officer) |