UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from __________ to ___________

Commission File Number

001-12762

(Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.)

Commission File Number

333-190028-01

(Mid-America Apartments, L.P.)

MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Tennessee (Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.)	62-1543819
Tennessee (Mid-America Apartments, L.P.)	62-1543816
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

6815 Poplar Avenue, Suite 500, Germantown, Tennessee, 38138

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (901) 682-6600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading<br><br>Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.)	MAA	New York Stock Exchange
8.50% Series I Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share (Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.)	MAA*I	New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	Yes ☒	No ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.	Yes ☐	No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	Yes ☐	No ☒
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.	Yes ☐	No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	Yes ☒	No ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.	Yes ☒	No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	Yes ☒	No ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.	Yes ☒	No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.
Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐	Emerging growth company ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.
Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☐	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. ☒
Mid-America Apartments, L.P. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive oﬃcers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. ☐
Mid-America Apartments, L.P. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	Yes ☐	No ☒
Mid-America Apartments, L.P.	Yes ☐	No ☒

The aggregate market value of the 79,918,312 shares of common stock of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. held by non-affiliates was approximately $14.0 billion based on the closing price of $174.67 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2022. This calculation excludes shares of common stock held by the registrant’s officers and directors and each person known by the registrant to beneficially own more than 5% of the registrant’s outstanding shares, as such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status should not be deemed conclusive for any other purpose. As of February 9, 2023, there were 116,598,821 shares of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. common stock outstanding.

There is no public trading market for the partnership units of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. As a result, an aggregate market value of the partnership units of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. cannot be determined.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of the proxy statement for the annual shareholders meeting of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. to be held on May 16, 2023 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report. We expect to file our proxy statement within 120 days after December 31, 2022.

MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.

Item		Page
	PART I
1.	Business.	3
1A.	Risk Factors.	9
1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments.	23
2.	Properties.	23
3.	Legal Proceedings.	25
4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	25
	PART II
5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.	25
6.	[Reserved].	26
7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.	27
7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.	36
8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.	36
9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.	36
9A.	Controls and Procedures.	37
9B.	Other Information.	38
9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.	38
	PART III
10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.	38
11.	Executive Compensation.	38
12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.	38
13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.	38
14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services.	38
	PART IV
15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.	39
16.	Form 10-K Summary.	43

Explanatory Note

This report combines the Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., a Tennessee corporation, and Mid-America Apartments, L.P., a Tennessee limited partnership, of which Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. is the sole general partner. Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and its 97.3% owned subsidiary, Mid-America Apartments, L.P., are both required to file annual reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “MAA” refer only to Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., and not any of its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this report to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer collectively to Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, including Mid-America Apartments, L.P. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this report to the “Operating Partnership” or “MAALP” refer to Mid-America Apartments, L.P. together with its consolidated subsidiaries. “Common stock” refers to the common stock of MAA, “preferred stock” refers to the preferred stock of MAA, and “shareholders” refers to the holders of shares of MAA’s common stock or preferred stock, as applicable. The common units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership are referred to as “OP Units” and the holders of the OP Units are referred to as “common unitholders.”

As of December 31, 2022, MAA owned 115,480,336 OP Units (97.3% of the total number of OP Units). MAA conducts substantially all of its business and holds substantially all of its assets, directly or indirectly, through the Operating Partnership, and by virtue of its ownership of the OP Units and being the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, MAA has the ability to control all of the day-to-day operations of the Operating Partnership.

We believe combining the Annual Reports on Form 10-K of MAA and the Operating Partnership, including the notes to the consolidated financial statements, into this report results in the following benefits:

• enhances investors’ understanding of MAA and the Operating Partnership by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner that management views and operates the business;

• eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation since a substantial portion of the disclosure in this report applies to both MAA and the Operating Partnership; and

• creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.

MAA, an S&P 500 company, is a multifamily-focused, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. Management operates MAA and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of the Company is comprised of individuals who are officers of MAA and employees of the Operating Partnership. We believe it is important to understand the few differences between MAA and the Operating Partnership in the context of how MAA and the Operating Partnership operate as a consolidated company. MAA and the Operating Partnership are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT. MAA’s interest in the Operating Partnership entitles MAA to share in cash distributions from, and in the profits and losses of, the Operating Partnership in proportion to MAA’s percentage interest therein and entitles MAA to vote on substantially all matters requiring a vote of the partners. MAA’s only material asset is its ownership of limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership (other than cash held by MAA from time to time); therefore, MAA’s primary function is acting as the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, issuing public equity from time to time and guaranteeing certain debt of the Operating Partnership from time to time. The Operating Partnership holds, directly or indirectly, all of the real estate assets. Except for net proceeds from public equity issuances by MAA, which are contributed to the Operating Partnership in exchange for limited partnership interests, the Operating Partnership generates the capital required by the Company’s business through the Operating Partnership’s operations, direct or indirect incurrence of indebtedness and issuance of OP Units.

The presentation of MAA’s shareholders’ equity and the Operating Partnership’s capital are the principal areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of MAA and those of the Operating Partnership. MAA’s shareholders’ equity may include shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock, additional paid-in capital, cumulative earnings, cumulative distributions, noncontrolling interests, treasury shares, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and redeemable common stock. The Operating Partnership’s capital may include common capital and preferred capital of the general partner (MAA), limited partners’ common capital and preferred capital, noncontrolling interests, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and redeemable common units. Holders of OP Units (other than MAA) may require the Operating Partnership to redeem their OP Units from time to time, in which case the Operating Partnership may, at its option, pay the redemption price either in cash (in an amount per OP Unit equal, in general, to the average closing price of MAA’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, over a specified period prior to the redemption date) or by delivering one share of MAA’s common stock (subject to adjustment under specified circumstances) for each OP Unit so redeemed.

In order to highlight the material differences between MAA and the Operating Partnership, this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes sections that separately present and discuss areas that are materially different between MAA and the Operating Partnership, including:

• the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this report;

• certain accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements, including Note 2 - Earnings per Common Share of MAA and Note 3 - Earnings per OP Unit of MAALP; and Note 8 - Shareholders’ Equity of MAA and Note 9 - Partners’ Capital of MAALP;

• the controls and procedures in Item 9A of this report; and

• the certifications included as Exhibits 31 and 32 to this report.

In the sections that combine disclosures for MAA and the Operating Partnership, this report refers to actions or holdings as being actions or holdings of the Company. Although the Operating Partnership (directly or indirectly through one of its subsidiaries) is generally the entity that enters into contracts, holds assets and issues debt, management believes this presentation is appropriate for the reasons set forth above and because we operate the business through the Operating Partnership. MAA, the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries operate as one consolidated business, but MAA, the Operating Partnership and each of its subsidiaries are separate, distinct legal entities.

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

We consider this and other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, with respect to our expectations for future periods. Forward-looking statements do not discuss historical fact, but instead include statements related to expectations, projections, intentions or other items related to the future. Such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding expected operating performance and results, property stabilizations, property acquisition and disposition activity, joint venture activity, development and renovation activity and other capital expenditures, and capital raising and financing activity, as well as lease pricing, revenue and expense growth, occupancy, interest rate and other economic expectations. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “assumes,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “budget,” “target,” “outlook,” “opportunity,” “guidance” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, as described below, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the results of operations, financial conditions or plans expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate, and therefore such forward-looking statements included in this report may not prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the results or conditions described in such statements or our objectives and plans will be achieved.

The following factors, among others, could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements:

• inability to generate sufficient cash flows due to unfavorable economic and market conditions, changes in supply and/or demand, competition, uninsured losses, changes in tax and housing laws or other factors;

• exposure to risks inherent in investments in a single industry and sector;

• adverse changes in real estate markets, including, but not limited to, the extent of future demand for multifamily units in our significant markets, barriers of entry into new markets which we may seek to enter in the future, limitations on our ability to increase or collect rental rates, competition, our ability to identify and consummate attractive acquisitions or development projects on favorable terms, our ability to consummate any planned dispositions in a timely manner on acceptable terms, and our ability to reinvest sale proceeds in a manner that generates favorable returns;

• failure of development communities to be completed within budget and on a timely basis, if at all, to lease-up as anticipated or to achieve anticipated results;

• unexpected capital needs;

• material changes in operating costs, including real estate taxes, utilities and insurance costs, due to inflation and other factors;

• inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverage at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverage;

• ability to obtain financing at favorable rates, if at all, or refinance existing debt as it matures;

• level and volatility of interest or capitalization rates or capital market conditions;

• the effect of any rating agency actions on the cost and availability of new debt financing;

• significant change in the mortgage financing market or other factors that would cause single-family housing or other alternative housing options, either as an owned or rental product, to become a more significant competitive product;

• ability to continue to satisfy complex rules in order to maintain our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, the ability of the Operating Partnership to satisfy the rules to maintain its status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, the ability of our taxable REIT subsidiaries to maintain their status as such for federal income tax purposes and our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to operate effectively within the limitations imposed by these rules;

• inability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

• cyber liability or potential liability for breaches of our or our service providers’ information technology systems or business operations disruptions;

• potential liability for environmental contamination;

• changes in the legal requirements we are subject to, or the imposition of new legal requirements, that adversely affect our operations;

• extreme weather and natural disasters;

• disease outbreaks and other public health events, and measures that are taken by federal, state, and local governmental authorities in response to such outbreaks and events;

• impact of climate change on our properties or operations;

• legal proceedings or class action lawsuits;

• impact of reputational harm caused by negative press or social media postings of our actions or policies, whether or not warranted;

• compliance costs associated with numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations; and

• other risks identified in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including under the caption “Risk Factors,” and in other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, or in other documents that we publicly disseminate.

New factors may also emerge from time to time that could have a material adverse effect on our business. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect events, circumstances or changes in expectations after the date on which this Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed.

PART I

Item 1. Business.

Overview

Multifamily
Consolidated	296	(2)	99,407	(3)
Unconsolidated	1		269
Total	297		99,676

(1) As of December 31, 2022, 34 of the Company’s apartment communities included retail components.

(2) Number of communities includes six communities under development as of December 31, 2022.

(3) Number of units excludes development units not yet delivered as of December 31, 2022.

Our business is conducted principally through the Operating Partnership. MAA is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, holding 115,480,336 OP Units, comprising a 97.3% partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2022. MAA and MAALP were formed in Tennessee in 1993.

Business Objectives

Our primary business objectives are to generate a sustainable, stable and increasing cash flow that will fund our dividends and distributions through all parts of the real estate investment cycle. To achieve these objectives, we intend to continue to pursue the following goals and strategies:

• create value for our shareholders, residents, associates and the communities in which our properties are located;

• effectively operate our existing properties with an intense property and asset management focus;

• utilize technology to provide services desired by our residents and create efficiencies and performance advantages in our operations;

• take an opportunistic approach to buying, selling, developing and renovating apartment communities;

• diversify our portfolio across markets, submarkets and price points in the geographical areas in which we operate to minimize operating performance volatility;

• offer attractive work environments, compensation and incentive packages and career development opportunities to attract and retain required talent; and

• actively manage our balance sheet and capital structure.

Operations

Our goal is to generate return on investment collectively and in each apartment community by increasing revenues, controlling operating expenses, maintaining high occupancy levels and reinvesting in the income producing capacity of each apartment community as appropriate. The steps taken to meet these objectives include:

• providing management information and improved customer services through technology innovations;

• implementing programs to control expenses through investment in cost-saving initiatives;

• analyzing individual asset productivity performances to identify best practices and improvement areas;

• maintaining the physical condition of each property through ongoing capital investments;

• improving the “curb appeal,” amenities and common areas of the apartment communities through environmentally-thoughtful landscaping and exterior improvements, and repositioning apartment communities from time to time to enhance or maintain market positions;

• effectively utilizing search engine optimization, internet leasing solutions and other internet tools to generate leasing traffic;

• managing lease expirations to align with peak leasing traffic patterns and to maximize productivity of property staffing; and

• allocating additional capital, including capital for selective interior and exterior improvements.

We believe that leveraging the strength of enterprise solutions in conjunction with our decentralized operating structure capitalizes on specific market knowledge and provides greater accountability than an entirely centralized structure. To support our operational structure, senior management, along with various asset management functions, are proactively involved in supporting and optimizing property operations and reviewing property management performance through extensive reporting processes and on-site visits. To maximize the amount of information shared between senior management and the properties on a real-time basis, we utilize a web-based property management system. The system contains property and accounting modules that allow for operating efficiencies and continued expense control, provide for various expanded revenue management practices and improve the support provided to on-site property operations. We use a “yield management” pricing program that helps our property managers optimize rental revenues, and we also utilize purchase order and accounts payable software to provide improved controls and management information.

Investment in technology continues to drive operating efficiencies in our business and helps us to better meet the changing needs of our residents. Our residents have the ability to conduct business with us 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and complete online leasing applications, leases and renewals through our web-based resident portal. Interacting with our residents through such technology has allowed us to improve resident satisfaction ratings and increase the efficiency of our operating teams. We continue to invest in technology to enable potential residents to examine their future homes both online (virtual touring) or by self-guided tour (self-touring) in addition to the more traditional guided tour.

Acquisitions and Development

Our external growth strategy is to acquire existing apartment communities, utilize our internal development team to develop our own apartment communities and partner with local developers to develop apartment communities that we will own completely after stabilization, which we refer to as a pre-purchase transaction. Acquisitions and development, along with dispositions, help us achieve and maintain our desired product mix, geographic diversification and asset allocation. Portfolio growth allows for maximizing the efficiency of the existing management and overhead structure. We have extensive experience in the acquisition and development of apartment communities. We will continue to evaluate opportunities that arise, and we will utilize this strategy to increase our number of apartment communities in strong and growing markets.

We acquired the following properties during the year ended December 31, 2022:

Multifamily Acquisitions	Market	Units	Date Acquired
MAA Hampton Preserve II	Tampa, FL	196	July 2022
MAA LoSo	Charlotte, NC	344	September 2022
Land Acquisitions	Market	Acres	Date Acquired
---	---	---	---
MAA Florida Street Station	Denver, CO	4	March 2022
MAA Packing District	Orlando, FL	4	May 2022
MAA Panorama	Denver, CO	6	July 2022
MAA Nixie	Raleigh, NC	6	November 2022
Alta 10th (1)	Charlotte, NC	3	December 2022

(1) Represents a pre-purchase multifamily development. Approximately $10 million has been funded as of December 31, 2022, primarily related to land, with development expected to begin in the second half of 2023. MAA owns 95% of the joint venture that owns this property.

Development activities may be conducted through wholly-owned entities or through joint ventures with our pre-purchase transaction partners. Typically, fixed price construction contracts are signed with unrelated parties to minimize construction risk. We may also engage in limited expansion development opportunities on existing communities in which we typically serve as the developer. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we incurred $172.1 million in development costs and completed three development projects.

The following multifamily projects were under development as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Project	Market		Units<br>Completed		Cost<br>to Date		Budgeted<br>Cost		Estimated<br>Cost<br>Per Unit		Expected<br>Completion
Novel West Midtown (1)	Atlanta, GA	340	—		$	72,536	$	89,500	$	263	3rd Quarter 2023
Novel Daybreak (1)	Salt Lake City, UT	400	—			74,195		94,000		235	4th Quarter 2023
Novel Val Vista (1)	Phoenix, AZ	317	—			57,646		77,200		244	1st Quarter 2024
MAA Milepost 35	Denver, CO	352	—			41,324		125,000		355	4th Quarter 2024
MAA Nixie	Raleigh, NC	406	—			13,445		145,500		358	3rd Quarter 2025
MAA Breakwater	Tampa, FL	495	—			32,553		197,500		399	4th Quarter 2025
Total		2,310		—	$	291,699	$	728,700

(1) This pre-purchase multifamily community development is being developed through a joint venture with a local developer. We own 80% of the joint venture that owns this property.

Dispositions

We sell apartment communities and other assets that no longer meet our long-term strategy or when market conditions are favorable, and we redeploy the proceeds from those sales to acquire, develop and redevelop additional apartment communities and rebalance our portfolio across or within geographic regions. Dispositions also allow us to realize a portion of the value created through our investments and provide additional liquidity. We are then able to redeploy the net proceeds from our dispositions in lieu of raising additional equity or debt capital. In deciding to sell an apartment community, we consider current market conditions and generally solicit competing bids from unrelated parties for these individual properties, considering the sales price and other key terms of each proposal. We also consider portfolio dispositions when such a structure is useful to maximize proceeds and efficiency of execution. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we disposed of four multifamily communities totaling 1,414 units, and two land parcels totaling approximately five acres.

Property Redevelopment and Repositioning Activity

We focus on both interior unit upgrades and property amenity and common area upgrades above and beyond routine capital upkeep on our apartment communities that we believe have the ability to support additional rent growth. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we renovated the kitchen and bathroom of 6,574 apartment units at an average cost of $6,109 per apartment unit, achieving average rental rate increases of 10.0% above the normal market rate for similar but non-renovated apartment units.

We have installed smart home technology (unit entry locks, mobile control of lights and thermostat and leak monitoring) at many of our apartment communities in order to provide additional resident value and increase rent growth. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we installed smart devices in 24,029 apartment units at an average cost of $1,535 per apartment unit and a projected average monthly rent increase of approximately $25 per unit upon lease renewal or unit turnover. As of December 31, 2022, we have completed installation of smart home technology at nearly 75% of our existing properties and are employing smart home technology in all of our new developments.

Separately, we continued our property repositioning program to upgrade and reposition the amenity and common areas at many of our apartment communities. The program includes targeted plans to move all apartment units at such apartment communities to higher rents. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we spent $19.3 million on this program.

Portfolio Strategy

Our goal is to maintain a diversified, balanced portfolio that we believe provides the optimal path to maximizing operating performance over the full economic cycle. Maintaining a diverse portfolio includes:

• Operating apartment communities in a variety of markets across the Southeast, Southwest, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S.

• Operating apartment communities in a variety of submarkets within our markets (urban, suburban, inner loop, etc.)

• Operating apartment communities of different product types such as high-rise, mid-rise and garden style

• Offering a variety of different rent price points within a market or submarket

We believe a diverse portfolio performs well during economic up cycles and weathers economic down cycles better than a more homogenous portfolio.

Human Capital

As of December 31, 2022, we employed 2,387 associates. Our associates’ time, energy, creativity and passion are essential to our continued success as a company. With respect to our workforce, we focus on driving diversity and inclusion, providing market-competitive pay and benefits to support our associates’ well-being, encouraging our associates’ growth and development, fostering associate engagement and protecting our associates’ health and safety.

We respect the privilege of providing value to those whose lives we touch. We call this outlook our “Brighter View.” To achieve these objectives, we use our Core Values to guide the way we interact with each other and conduct business by:

• appreciating the uniqueness of each individual;

• communicating openly and with integrity;

• embracing opportunities; and

• doing the right thing at the right time for the right reasons.

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

We strive to recruit, develop and retain a talented and diverse workforce that mirrors the diversity of our residents and the communities where we do business. We are committed to an inclusive working environment that not only values diversity in ideas and opinions, but also fosters a sense of belonging and connection where associates feel recognized and appreciated regardless of individual differences. Our goal through these efforts is to support and promote inclusive diversity, equal opportunity and fair treatment for all those working at the company and as a result create more value for all the constituents we serve. Our Inclusive Diversity Council is comprised of individuals across all areas of our company whose aim is to cultivate conversations, expand education and examine our practices surrounding diversity and inclusion. This group works collaboratively with our Chief Executive Officer and other members of our executive team to ensure our policies and actions are guided by our culture of inclusivity and are free from discriminatory practices and bias.

We recruit from a diverse range of sources including historically Black colleges and universities as well as technical/trade schools. As of December 31, 2022, ethnic/cultural minorities represented approximately 50% of our workforce, 40% of our collective corporate, regional and property leadership positions and 51% of our associates promoted during the year ended December 31, 2022. Also, as of December 31, 2022, females represented approximately 46% of our workforce, 56% of our collective corporate, regional and property leadership positions and 53% of our associates promoted during the year ended December 31, 2022. We intend to continue using a combination of targeted recruiting, talent development and internal promotion strategies to expand the diversity of our employee base across all roles and functions.

Well-being and Development

We take a comprehensive approach to supporting our associates’ physical and emotional health as well as their financial and professional well-being. Our associates are eligible for medical, dental and vision insurance, life and disability insurance, various wellness programs, an employee assistance program, for which we pay part or all the cost, as well as other benefits. We continue to offer several measures to support our associates’ overall well-being in response to the pandemic, including supplemental leave and sick time policies, additional paid time off and coverage for testing and vaccination under our health plan. We strive to maintain an equitable compensation program for performance, designed to reward competitive levels of compensation based on employee contributions, performance and qualifications. We offer a 401(k) savings plan with an employer match as well as educational support for savings strategies. We also offer discounted rent to associates, parental leave and financial assistance with adoption expenses as well as grant up to three scholarships for associates’ dependents each year. Our training and development programs are designed to provide continuous learning for associates in the flow of their workday. Additionally, we encourage and provide financial assistance to our eligible associates to seek education and certification outside of the company through both apartment associations and accredited educational institutions. We encourage our associates to “embrace opportunities” including developing skills and knowledge needed for increased responsibilities as they promote within the company.

Communication and Engagement

At MAA, we place an emphasis on communication to ensure associates feel informed and connected as an organization. We utilize a variety of communications channels to provide associates with timely information that is relevant to their role in the company, to company-wide initiatives and their professional interests. We also believe the best way to gain in-depth insight into how associates feel about working at MAA is to provide regular, frequent, and trusted opportunities to safely share feedback. From there, we are able to develop and continuously improve our work environment to enhance job satisfaction. We regularly conduct surveys with all associates to measure associate engagement and capture topical feedback to guide current programs, projects and progress. We are also driven to prove that we are listening, and that real action and improvements are executed as a result. Lastly, we conduct an annual review process to provide an opportunity for each associate to build mutual understanding with leadership, gain self-discovery and learn about possible avenues for growth. We encourage a work environment where ideas, problems and solutions can be discussed with immediate managers and other management personnel.

Capital Structure

We use a combination of debt and equity sources to fund our business objectives. We focus on maintaining access, flexibility and low costs, which we believe allows us to proactively support normal business operations and source potential investment opportunities in the marketplace. We structure our debt maturities to avoid disproportionate exposure in any given year. Our primary debt financing strategy is to access the unsecured debt markets to provide our debt capital needs, but we also maintain a limited amount of secured debt and maintain our access to both the secured and unsecured debt markets for maximum flexibility. We also believe that we have significant access to the equity capital markets.

As of December 31, 2022, 19.2% of our total market capitalization consisted of debt borrowings, including 17.6% under unsecured borrowings and 1.5% under secured borrowings. We currently intend to target our total debt, net of cash held, to a range of approximately 30% to 36% of our adjusted total assets (as defined in the covenants for the bonds issued by MAALP). Our charter and bylaws do not limit our debt levels and our Board of Directors can modify this policy at any time. We may issue new equity to maintain our debt within the target range. Covenants for our unsecured senior notes limit our total debt to 60% or less of our adjusted total assets. As of December 31, 2022, our total debt was approximately 28.4% of our adjusted total assets. We continuously review opportunities for lowering our cost of capital. We plan to continue using unsecured debt to take advantage of the lower cost of capital and flexibility provided by these markets. We will evaluate opportunities to repurchase shares when we believe that our share price is significantly below our net present value. We also look for opportunities where we can acquire or develop apartment communities, selectively funded or partially funded by sales of equity securities, when appropriate opportunities arise. We focus on improving the net present value of our investments by generating cash flow from our portfolio of assets above the estimated total cost of debt and equity capital. We routinely make new investments when we believe it will be accretive to shareholder value over the life of the investments.

Competition and Market Demand

Our apartment communities are located in areas that include other apartment communities. Occupancy and rental rates are affected by the number of competitive apartment communities in a particular area. The owners of competing apartment communities may have greater resources than us, and the managers of these apartment communities may have more experience than our management. Moreover, single-family rental housing, manufactured housing, condominiums and the new and existing home markets provide housing alternatives to potential residents of apartment communities. Competition for new residents is generally intense across all of our markets. Some competing apartment communities offer features that our apartment communities do not have or may be deemed to be in a more desirable location within the market. Competing apartment communities can use concessions or lower rents to obtain temporary competitive advantages. Also, some competing apartment communities are newer than our apartment communities, may have different amenities or otherwise be more attractive to a prospective resident. The competitive position of each apartment community is different depending upon many factors including submarket supply and demand. In addition, other real estate investors compete with us to acquire existing properties and to develop new properties. These competitors include insurance companies, pension and investment funds, public and private real estate companies, investment companies and other public and private apartment REITs, some of which may have greater resources, greater ability to utilize leverage or lower capital costs than we do.

We believe, however, that we are generally well-positioned to compete effectively for residents and acquisition and development opportunities. We believe our competitive advantages include:

• a fully integrated organization with property management, development, redevelopment, acquisition, marketing, sales and financing expertise;

• scalable operating and support systems, which include automated systems to meet the changing technological needs of our residents and associates;

• access to a wide variety of debt and equity capital sources;

• geographic diversification with a presence in 39 defined markets across the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S.; and

• significant presence in many of our major markets that allows us to be a local operating expert and offer varying location options within a market to meet a variety of prospective resident preferences.

Moving forward, we plan to continue our focus on optimizing lease expiration management, current and prospective resident engagement, expense control and resident retention efforts and also to align employee incentive plans with our performance. We also plan to continue to make capital improvements to both our apartment communities and individual units on a regular basis to maintain a competitive position. We believe this plan of operation, coupled with the portfolio’s strengths in targeting residents across a geographically diverse platform, should position us for continued operational growth.

For information regarding trends in market demand, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Trends” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Environmental Matters

As a part of our standard apartment community acquisition and development processes, we generally obtain environmental studies of the sites from outside environmental engineering firms. The purpose of these studies is to identify potential sources of contamination at the site and to assess the status of environmental regulatory compliance. These studies generally include historical reviews of the site, reviews of certain public records, preliminary investigations of the site and surrounding properties, inspection for the presence of asbestos, poly-chlorinated biphenyls and underground storage tanks and the preparation and issuance of written reports. Depending on the results of these studies, more invasive procedures, such as soil sampling or ground water analysis, may be performed to investigate potential sources of contamination. These studies must be satisfactorily completed before we take ownership of an acquisition or development property; however, no assurance can be given that the studies or additional documents reviewed identify all significant environmental risks. See “Risk Factors – Environmental problems are possible and can be costly” and “Risk Factors – Compliance or failure to comply with laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our operations and the values of our properties” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The environmental studies we received on properties that we have acquired have not revealed any material environmental liabilities. Should any potential environmental risks or conditions be discovered during our due diligence process, the potential costs of remediation will be assessed carefully and factored into the cost of acquisition, assuming the identified risks and factors are deemed to be manageable and within reason. We are not aware of any existing conditions that we believe would be considered a material environmental liability. Nevertheless, it is possible that the studies do not reveal all environmental risks or that there are material environmental liabilities of which we are not aware. Moreover, no assurance can be given concerning future laws, ordinances or regulations, or the potential introduction of hazardous or toxic substances by neighboring properties or residents.

Government Regulations

We must own, operate, manage, acquire, develop and redevelop our properties in compliance with the laws and regulations of the United States, as well as state and local laws and regulations in the markets where our properties are located, which may differ among jurisdictions. For example, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Fair Housing Act of 1988 and other federal, state and local laws generally require that public accommodations be made accessible to disabled persons. Noncompliance could result in the imposition of fines by the government or the award of damages to private litigants. These laws may require us to modify our existing apartment communities. These laws may also restrict renovations by requiring improved access to such buildings by disabled persons or may require us to add other structural features that increase our construction costs. Compliance with the various laws and regulations we are subject to did not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, results of operations and competitive position for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to prior periods.

For additional information, see “Risk Factors – Environmental problems are possible and can be costly” and “Risk Factors – Compliance or failure to comply with laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our operations and the values of our properties” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Qualification as a Real Estate Investment Trust

MAA has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. To continue to qualify as a REIT, MAA must continue to meet certain tests which, among other things, generally require that our assets consist primarily of real estate assets, our income be derived primarily from real estate assets and that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (other than our net capital gains) to our shareholders annually. If MAA maintains its qualification as a REIT, MAA generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the corporate level on its net income to the extent it distributes such net income to its shareholders annually. Even if MAA continues to qualify as a REIT, it will continue to be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on its income and its property. For the year ended December 31, 2022, MAA paid total distributions of $4.675 per share of common stock to its shareholders, which was above the 90% REIT distribution requirement and was in excess of REIT taxable income.

Website Access to Our Reports

MAA and the Operating Partnership file combined periodic reports with the SEC. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, along with our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports, are available on our website at https://www.maac.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Reference to our website does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on the site and should not be considered part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All of the aforementioned materials may also be obtained free of charge by contacting our Investor Relations Department, 6815 Poplar Avenue, Suite 500, Germantown, Tennessee 38138.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have identified the following risks and uncertainties that may have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Investors should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. Our business faces significant risks and the risks described below may not be the only risks we face. Additional risks that are not presently known to us, that we currently believe are immaterial or that could apply generically to any company may also significantly impact our business operations. If any of these risks occur, our business prospects, financial condition or results of operations could suffer, the market price of our stock and the trading price of our debt securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment in our stock or debt securities.

Risks Related to Our Real Estate Investments and Our Operations

Disease outbreaks and other public health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have materially impacted our business, and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected by factors relating to a pandemic.

The pandemic led governments and other authorities around the world, including federal, state and local governmental authorities in the U.S. to take extraordinary actions to combat the spread of COVID-19, including issuance of “stay-at-home” directives and similar mandates for many individuals to substantially restrict daily activities and for many businesses to curtail or cease normal operations. While many of the restrictions have eased across the country, no assurance can be given that similar closures or restrictions will not be reinstated or new restrictions imposed in the future in response to changes in COVID-19 or new public health events.

Our ability to lease our apartments and collect rental revenues is dependent upon national, regional and local economic conditions, particularly unemployment levels and personal income levels. As unemployment rises and incomes fall, fewer people,

including both current and prospective residents, may be able to afford our apartment communities, and it may be difficult for some of our residents to make timely rental payments to us under their leases.

The impact of a disease outbreak or other public health event, including the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions intended to prevent its spread could have significant adverse impacts on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows that are difficult to predict. Such adverse impacts will depend on, among other factors:

• our residents’ ability or willingness to pay rent in full on a timely basis;

• federal, state, local and industry-initiated efforts that may adversely affect the ability of landlords, including us, to collect rent and customary fees, adjust rental rates and enforce remedies for the failure to pay rent, such as the various orders that were issued by governmental authorities and public officials to temporarily halt residential evictions to prevent further spread of the disease;

• the legacy of the regulatory focus on landlords during the public health event as distinguished from other providers of essential services;

• our ability to renew leases or relet units on favorable terms, or at all, including as a result of unfavorable economic and market conditions in those markets where our apartment communities are located;

• our ability to lease or relet units due to social distancing or other restrictions that may frustrate our leasing activities;

• our ability to successfully complete the lease-up of properties in our lease-up portfolio and attain expected rental and occupancy rates due to social distancing or other restrictions that may frustrate our leasing activities;

• our ability to continue our apartment unit redevelopment programs and attain increased rental rates for renovated or upgraded units due to social distancing or other restrictions;

• our ability to complete the construction of properties in our development portfolio on schedule and on budget due to social distancing or other restrictions, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions and escalating labor and material costs;

• the impact of supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures on our normal business operations, including repair and maintenance work and unit renovations and upgrades;

• severe and prolonged disruption and instability in the financial markets, including the debt and equity capital markets, which have already experienced and may continue to experience significant volatility, or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions (or a refusal or failure of one or more lenders under our unsecured revolving credit facility to fund their respective financing commitment to us), which may affect our ability to access capital necessary to fund our business operations or refinance maturing debt on a timely basis, on attractive terms, or at all, which would adversely affect our ability to meet liquidity and capital expenditure requirements;

• sustained stock market volatility that negatively affects the market price of our securities, including market conditions unrelated to our operating performance or prospects;

• the impact on our workforce of any vaccine mandate implemented by governmental authorities, which could result in employee attrition; and

• our ability to manage our business to the extent our management or other personnel are impacted in significant numbers by such public health event and are not willing, available or allowed to conduct work.

The potential impact that future disease outbreaks or other public health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, will have on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows is difficult to predict. To the extent a future disease outbreak or other public health event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Unfavorable market and economic conditions could adversely affect occupancy levels, rental revenues and the value of our properties.

General economic conditions in the U.S. have fluctuated significantly in recent quarters with the U.S. experiencing negative macroeconomic conditions such as increasing inflationary and labor market concerns. Unfavorable market and economic conditions, including as a result of public health events in the areas in which we operate may significantly affect our occupancy levels, our rental rates and collections, the value of our properties and our ability to acquire or dispose of apartment communities on economically favorable terms. Our ability to lease our apartment communities at favorable rates is adversely affected by the increase in supply in the multifamily and other rental markets and is dependent upon the overall level in the economy, which may continue to be adversely affected by, among other things, job losses and unemployment levels, personal debt levels, a downturn in the housing market, stock market volatility, inflationary conditions and uncertainty about the future. Some of our major expenses generally do not decline when related rents decline. We would expect that declines in our occupancy levels, rental revenues and/or the values of our apartment communities would cause us to have less cash available to make payments on our debt and to make distributions, which could adversely affect our financial condition or the market value of our securities. Factors that may affect our occupancy levels, our rental revenues and/or the value of our apartment communities include the following, among others:

• downturns in global, national, regional and local economic conditions, particularly increases in unemployment;

• declines in mortgage interest rates and home pricing, making alternative housing more affordable;

• government or builder incentives with respect to home ownership, making alternative housing options more attractive;

• local real estate market conditions, including oversupply of apartments or other housing available for rent, or a reduction in demand for apartments in the area;

• declines in the financial condition of our residents, which may make it more difficult for us to collect rents from some residents;

• declines in market rental rates;

• declines in household formation; and

• increases in operating costs, if these costs cannot be passed through to our residents.

Failure to generate sufficient cash flow could limit our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

Our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions depends on our ability to generate cash flow in excess of operating costs and capital expenditure requirements and/or to have access to the markets for debt and equity financing. Our funds from operations may be insufficient because of factors that are beyond our control. Such events or conditions could include:

• weakness in the general economy, which lowers job growth and the associated demand for apartment housing;

• competition from other apartment communities;

• overbuilding of new apartments or oversupply of available apartments or alternative housing options (i.e. condominiums or single-family houses for rent or sale) in our markets, which might adversely affect occupancy or rental rates and/or require rent concessions in order to lease apartments;

• increases in operating costs (including real estate taxes, utilities and insurance premiums) due to inflation and other factors, which may not be offset by increased rental rates;

• inability to initially, or subsequently after lease terminations, rent apartments on favorable economic terms;

• changes in governmental regulations and the related costs of compliance;

• the enactment of rent control or rent stabilization laws in the areas in which we operate or other laws regulating multifamily housing;

• other changes in laws, including, but not limited to, tax laws and housing laws;

• an uninsured loss, including those resulting from a catastrophic storm, earthquake or act of terrorism;

• changes in interest rate levels and the availability of financing, borrower credit standards and down-payment requirements which could lead renters to purchase homes (if interest rates decrease and home loans are more readily available) or increase our acquisition and operating costs (if interest rates increase and financing is less readily available); and

• the relative illiquidity of real estate investments.

At times, we have relied on external funding sources to fully fund the payment of distributions to shareholders and our capital investment program, including our existing property developments. While we have sufficient liquidity to permit distributions at current rates through additional borrowings, if necessary, any significant and sustained deterioration in operations could result in our financial resources being insufficient to make payments on our debt and to make distributions at the current rate, in which event we would be required to reduce the distribution rate. Any decline in our funds from operations could adversely affect our ability to make distributions or to meet our loan covenants and could have a material adverse effect on our stock price or the trading price of our debt securities.

We are dependent on a concentration of our investments in a single asset class, making our results of operations more vulnerable to a downturn or slowdown in the sector or other economic factors.

As of December 31, 2022, substantially all of our investments are concentrated in the multifamily sector. As a result, we will be subject to risks inherent in investments in a single type of property. A downturn or slowdown in the demand for multifamily housing may have more pronounced effects on our results of operations or on the value of our assets than if we had diversified our investments into more than one asset class.

Our operations are concentrated in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S.; we are subject to general economic conditions in the regions in which we operate.

As of December 31, 2022, approximately 41.1% of our portfolio was located in our top five markets: Atlanta, Georgia; Dallas, Texas; Austin, Texas; Orlando, Florida; and Charlotte, North Carolina. In addition, our overall operations are concentrated in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. Our performance could be adversely affected by economic conditions in, and other factors relating to, these geographic areas, including supply and demand for apartments in these areas, zoning and other regulatory conditions and competition from other communities and alternative forms of housing. In particular, our performance is disproportionately influenced by job growth and unemployment. To the extent the economic conditions, job growth and

unemployment in any of these markets deteriorate or any of these areas experiences natural disasters, the value of our portfolio, our results of operations and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions could be adversely affected.

Substantial competition among apartment communities and real estate companies may adversely affect our revenues and acquisition and development opportunities.

There are numerous other apartment communities and real estate companies, some of which may have greater financial and other resources than we have, within the market area of each of our communities that compete with us for residents and acquisition and development opportunities. The number of competitive apartment communities and real estate companies in these areas could have a material effect on (1) our ability to rent our apartments and generate revenues, and (2) acquisition and development opportunities. The activities of these competitors could cause us to pay higher prices for new properties than we otherwise would have paid or may prevent us from purchasing desired properties at all, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

Failure to succeed in new markets may have adverse consequences on our performance.

We may make acquisitions outside of our existing market areas if appropriate opportunities arise. Our historical experience in our existing markets does not ensure that we will be able to operate successfully in new markets, should we choose to enter them. We may be exposed to a variety of risks if we choose to enter new markets, including an inability to accurately evaluate local market conditions and local economies, to identify appropriate acquisition opportunities, to hire and retain key personnel and a lack of familiarity with local governmental and permitting procedures. In addition, we may abandon opportunities to enter new markets that we have begun to explore for any reason and may, as a result, fail to recover expenses already incurred.

Environmental problems are possible and can be costly.

Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances in, on, around or under such property. Such laws often impose such liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. The presence of, or failure to properly remediate, hazardous, toxic substances or petroleum product releases may adversely affect the owner’s or operator’s ability to sell or rent the affected property or to borrow using the property as collateral. Persons who arrange for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic substances may also be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances at a disposal or treatment facility, whether or not the facility is owned or operated by the person. Certain environmental laws impose liability for the release of asbestos-containing materials into the air, and third parties may also seek recovery from owners or operators of real property for personal injury associated with asbestos-containing materials and other hazardous or toxic substances. Federal and state laws also regulate the operation and subsequent removal of certain underground storage tanks. In connection with the current or former ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management, development or control of real property, we may be considered an owner or operator of such apartment communities or as having arranged for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic substances and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines, and claims for injuries to persons and property.

Our current policy is to obtain a Phase I environmental study on each apartment community that we seek to acquire or develop, which generally does not involve invasive techniques such as soil or ground water sampling, and to proceed accordingly. We cannot assure you, however, that the Phase I environmental studies or other environmental studies undertaken with respect to any of our current or future apartment communities will reveal:

• all or the full extent of potential environmental liabilities;

• that any prior owner or operator of a property did not create any material environmental condition unknown to us;

• that a material environmental condition does not otherwise exist as to any one or more of such apartment communities; or

• that environmental matters will not have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

Certain environmental laws impose liability on a previous owner of property to the extent that hazardous or toxic substances were present during the prior ownership period. A transfer of the property does not relieve an owner of such liability. Thus, we may have liability with respect to apartment communities previously sold by our predecessors or by us. There have been a number of lawsuits against owners and operators of multifamily apartment communities alleging personal injury and property damage caused by the presence of mold in residential real estate. Some of these lawsuits have resulted in substantial monetary judgments or settlements. Insurance carriers have reacted to these liability awards by excluding mold-related claims from standard policies and pricing mold endorsements separately. We have obtained a separate pollution insurance policy that covers mold-related claims and have adopted programs designed to minimize the existence of mold in any of our apartment communities as well as guidelines for promptly

addressing and resolving reports of mold. To the extent not covered by our pollution policy, the presence of mold could expose us to liability from residents and others if property damage or health concerns, or allegations thereof, arise.

Our business and operations are subject to physical and transition risks related to climate change.

Many of our apartment communities are located along or near coastal areas that have historically been subject to the risk of extreme weather events. To the extent climate change causes changes in weather patterns, areas where many of our communities are located could experience more frequent and intense extreme weather events and rising sea levels, which may cause significant damage to our properties, disrupt our operations and adversely impact our residents. Over time, such conditions could result in reduced demand for housing in areas where our communities are located and increased costs related to further developing our communities to mitigate the effects of climate change or repairing damage related to the effects of climate change that may or may not be fully covered by insurance. Likewise, such conditions also may negatively impact the types and pricing of insurance we are able to procure.

Changes in federal, state and local laws and regulations on climate change could result in increased operating costs and/or capital expenditures to improve the energy efficiency of our existing communities and could also require us to spend more on our new development communities without a corresponding increase in rental revenues. For example, various laws and regulations have been implemented or are under consideration to mitigate the effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions. Among other things, “green” building codes may seek to reduce emissions through the imposition of standards for design, construction materials, water and energy usage and efficiency and waste management. The imposition of such requirements could increase the costs of maintaining or improving our existing communities (for example by requiring retrofits of existing communities to improve their energy efficiency and/or resistance to inclement weather) and developing new communities without creating corresponding increases in rental revenues, which would have an adverse impact on our operating results.

Operations from new acquisitions, development projects and redevelopment activities may fail to perform as expected.

We intend to acquire, develop and redevelop apartment communities as part of our business strategy. Newly acquired, developed or renovated properties may not perform as we expect. We may also overestimate the revenue (or underestimate the expenses) that a new or repositioned property may generate. The occupancy rates and rents at these properties may fail to meet our expectations underlying our investment.

In addition, with respect to acquisitions, we may be unable to quickly and efficiently integrate acquired apartment communities and new personnel into our existing operations, and the failure to successfully integrate those apartment communities or personnel would result in inefficiencies that could adversely affect our expected return on our investments. Likewise, we may acquire properties that are subject to liabilities or that have problems relating to environmental condition, state of title, physical condition or compliance with zoning laws, building codes or other legal requirements and in each case, our acquisition may be without any, or with only limited, recourse with respect to unknown liabilities or conditions and we may be obligated to pay substantial sums to settle or cure it, which could adversely affect our cash flow and operating results.

We are subject to certain risks associated with selling apartment communities, which could limit our operational and financial flexibility.

We plan to sell apartment communities that no longer meet our long-term strategy. However, adverse market conditions could limit our ability to sell properties when we want and to change our portfolio promptly to meet our strategic objectives. Likewise, federal tax laws applicable to REITs limit our ability to profit on the sale of properties, and this limitation could prevent us from selling properties when market conditions are favorable. From time to time, we may dispose of properties in transactions intended to qualify as “like-kind exchanges” under Section 1031 of the Code. If a transaction intended to qualify as a Section 1031 exchange is later determined to be taxable, we may face adverse consequences, and if the laws applicable to such transactions are amended or repealed, we may not be able to dispose of real properties on a tax deferred basis.

Development and construction risks could impact our profitability.

As of December 31, 2022, we had six development communities under construction representing 2,310 units once complete. We may make further investments in these and other development communities as opportunities arise and may do so through joint ventures with unaffiliated parties. Our development and construction activities are subject to the following risks:

• we may be unable to obtain, or face delays in obtaining, necessary zoning, land-use, building, occupancy and other required governmental permits and authorizations, which could result in increased development costs, could delay initial occupancy dates for all or a portion of a development community and could require us to abandon our activities entirely with respect to a project for which we are unable to obtain permits or authorizations;

• we may be unable to obtain financing for development activities under favorable terms, which could cause a delay in construction resulting in increased costs, decreases in revenue and potentially cause us to abandon the opportunity;

• yields may be less than anticipated as a result of delays in completing projects, costs that exceed budget, higher than expected concessions for lease-up and lower rents than initially estimated;

• bankruptcy of developers in our development projects could impose delays and costs on us with respect to the development of our communities and may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations;

• we may abandon development opportunities that we have already begun to explore, and we may fail to recover expenses already incurred in connection with exploring such opportunities;

• we may be unable to complete construction and lease-up of an apartment community on schedule, or incur development or construction costs that exceed our original estimates and we may be unable to charge rents that would compensate for any increase in such costs;

• occupancy rates and rents at a newly developed apartment community may fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including market and economic conditions, preventing us from meeting our profitability goals for that community;

• when we sell to third parties apartment communities or properties that we developed or renovated, we may be subject to warranty or construction defects that are uninsured or exceed the limit of our insurance;

• our failure to successfully enter into a joint venture agreement may prohibit an otherwise advantageous investment if we cannot raise the money through other means; and

• adoption of laws and regulations designed to address climate change and its effects, including, for example, “green” building codes, could increase our costs of development and cause delays in the construction of our development communities.

Increasing real estate taxes, utilities and insurance premiums may negatively impact operating results.

As a result of our substantial real estate holdings, the cost of real estate taxes, utilities and insuring our apartment communities is a significant component of expense. Real estate taxes, utilities and insurance premiums are subject to significant increases and fluctuations, which can be widely outside of our control. For example, the potential impact of climate change and the increased risk of extreme weather events and natural disasters could cause a significant increase in our insurance premiums and adversely affect the availability of coverage. If the costs associated with real estate taxes, utilities and insurance premiums should rise, without being offset by a corresponding increase in revenues, our results of operations could be negatively impacted, and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions could be adversely affected.

Short-term leases expose us to the effects of declining market rents and we may be unable to renew leases or relet units as leases expire.

Our apartment leases are generally for a term of one year or less. The short-term nature of these leases generally serves to reduce our risk to adverse effects of inflation as our leases allow for adjustments in the rental rate at the time of renewal, which may enable us to seek rent increases. However, since our leases typically permit the residents to leave at the end of the lease term without penalty, our revenues are impacted by declines in market rents more quickly than if our leases were for longer terms. If we are unable to promptly renew the leases or relet the units, or if the rental rates upon renewal or reletting are significantly lower than expected rates, then our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

We rely on information technology systems in our operations, and any breach or security failure of those systems could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and reputation.

We rely on proprietary and third-party information technology systems to process, transmit and store information and to manage or support our business processes. We store and maintain confidential financial and business information regarding us and persons with whom we do business on our information technology systems. We also collect and hold personally identifiable information of our residents and prospective residents in connection with our leasing and property management activities, and we collect and hold personally identifiable information of our employees in connection with their employment. In addition, we engage third-party service providers that may collect and hold personally identifiable information of our residents, prospective residents and employees in connection with providing business services to us, including web hosting, property management, leasing, accounting, payroll and benefit services. The protection of the information technology systems on which we rely is critically important to us. We take steps, and generally require third-party service providers to take steps, to protect the security of the information maintained in our and our service providers’ information technology systems, including the use of systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide security for processing, transmitting and storing of the information. However, we face risks associated with breaches or security failures of the information technology systems on which we rely, which could result from, among other incidents, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the internet, malware, computer viruses or employee error or misconduct. This risk of a data breach or security failure, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusion, has generally increased due to the rise in new technologies and the increased sophistication and activities of the perpetrators of attempted attacks and intrusions, including as a result of the intensification of state-sponsored cybersecurity attacks during periods of geopolitical conflict, such as the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.

The security measures put in place by us and our service providers cannot provide absolute security and there can be no assurance that we or our service providers will not suffer a data security incident in the future, that unauthorized parties will not gain access to sensitive information stored on our or our service providers’ systems, that such access will not, whether temporarily or permanently, impact, interfere with or interrupt our operations, or that any such incident will be discovered in a timely manner. Even the most well-protected information, networks, systems and facilities remain potentially vulnerable as the techniques used in such attempted security breaches evolve and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, and in some cases are designed to not be detected and, in fact, may not be detected. In addition, third-party information technology providers may not provide us with fixes or updates to hardware or software in a manner as to avoid an unauthorized loss or disclosure or to address a known vulnerability, which may subject us to known threats or downtime as a result of those delays. Accordingly, we and our service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate security barriers or other preventative measures. Further, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to enhance information security measures and internal processes and procedures or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities.

A data security incident could compromise our or our service providers’ information technology systems, and the information stored by us or our service providers, including personally identifiable information of residents, prospective residents and employees, could be accessed, misused, publicly disclosed, corrupted, lost or stolen. Any failure to prevent a data breach or a security failure of our or our service providers’ information technology systems could interrupt our operations, result in downtime, divert our planned efforts and resources from other projects, damage our reputation and brand, damage our competitive position, make it difficult for us to attract and retain residents, subject us to liability claims or regulatory penalties and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Similarly, if our service providers fail to use adequate security or data protection processes, or use personal data in an unpermitted or improper manner, we may be liable for certain losses and it may damage our reputation.

Compliance or failure to comply with laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our operations and the values of our properties.

We must own, operate, manage, acquire, develop and redevelop our properties in compliance with numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations. For example, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Fair Housing Act of 1988 and other federal, state and local laws generally require that public accommodations be made accessible to disabled persons. Noncompliance could result in the imposition of fines by the government or the award of damages to private litigants. These laws may require us to modify our existing apartment communities. These laws may also restrict renovations by requiring improved access to such buildings by disabled persons or may require us to add other structural features that increase our construction costs. We cannot ascertain the costs of compliance with these laws, which may be substantial.

We do not know whether the legal requirements we are subject to will change or whether new requirements will be imposed. Changes in laws and regulations could require us to make significant unanticipated expenditures and limit our ability to recover increases in operating expenses, impose limitations on our ability to increase rents or charge certain fees, impose limitations on our ability to enforce remedies for the failure to pay rent or otherwise adversely impact our operations. For example, as the eviction moratoria enacted in light of the COVID-19 pandemic began to lapse in 2021, many state and local governments implemented policies to prevent or delay formal eviction proceedings. Likewise, the federal government has urged all states to adopt eviction diversion strategies, including, among others, a requirement for landlords to apply for rental assistance prior to filing for eviction and the extension of pending eviction cases to provide sufficient time for rental assistance applications to be processed, while also recommending creation of more robust eviction diversion programs over the longer term that include a combination of rental assistance, mandatory alternative dispute resolution and access to legal counsel for unrepresented tenants. In addition, we have seen an increase in state and local governments implementing, considering or being urged by tenant advocacy groups to consider rent control or rent stabilization laws and regulations as well as tenants’ rights laws and regulations. Any such future enactments in the markets in which we operate could have a significant adverse impact on our results of operations and the value of our properties.

Legal proceedings that we become involved in from time to time could adversely affect our business.

As an owner, operator and developer of multifamily apartment communities, we may become involved in various legal proceedings, including, but not limited to, proceedings related to commercial, development, employment, competition, environmental, securities, shareholder, tenant or tort legal issues, some of which could result in a class action lawsuit. For example, as described in more detail in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are currently a defendant in lawsuits filed by plaintiffs individually and on behalf of a purported class of plaintiffs, against the company, among other defendants, alleging that RealPage, Inc. and lessors of multifamily residential real estate conspired to artificially inflate the prices of multifamily residential real estate above competitive levels.

Legal proceedings, if decided adversely to or settled by us, and not covered by insurance, could result in liability material to our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Likewise, regardless of outcome, legal proceedings could result in substantial costs and expenses, affect the availability or cost of some of our insurance coverage and significantly divert the attention of our management. There can be no assurance that we will be able to prevail in, or achieve a favorable settlement of, any pending or future legal proceedings to which we become subject.

Extreme weather or natural disasters may cause significant damage to our properties and losses from catastrophes could exceed our insurance coverage.

Many of our apartment communities are located in areas that may be subject to extreme weather and natural disasters, such as floods, tornados, hurricanes and earthquakes, the likelihood or frequency of which events could increase in part based on the impact of climate change. Such events may cause significant damage to our properties, disrupt our operations and adversely impact our residents. There can be no assurances that such conditions will not have a material adverse effect on our properties, operations or business.

We carry property insurance on our apartment communities and intend to obtain similar coverage for apartment communities we acquire in the future. However, some losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as losses from floods, tornados, hurricanes or earthquakes, are subject to limitations, and therefore may be uninsured. We exercise our discretion in determining amounts, coverage limits and deductibility provisions of insurance, with a view to maintaining what we believe is appropriate insurance on our investments at a reasonable cost and on suitable terms. If we suffer a substantial loss, our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to pay the full current market value or current replacement value of our lost investment. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations and other factors also might make it infeasible to use insurance proceeds to replace a property after it has been damaged or destroyed. Any losses we experience that are not fully covered by our insurance may negatively impact our results of operations and may reduce the value of our properties.

Acts of violence could decrease the value of our assets and could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our apartment communities could directly or indirectly be the location or target of actual or threatened terrorist attacks, crimes, shootings or other acts of violence, the occurrence of which could impact the value of our communities through damage, destruction, loss or increased security costs, as well as result in operational losses due to reduced rental demand, and the availability of insurance may be limited or may be subject to substantial costs. If such an incident were to occur at one of our apartment communities, we may also become subject to significant liability claims. In addition, the adverse effects that actual or threatened terrorist attacks could have on national economic conditions, as well as economic conditions in the markets in which we operate, could similarly have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Financing Activities

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

As of December 31, 2022, the amount of our total debt was $4.4 billion. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future in connection with, among other things, our acquisition, development and operating activities.

The degree of our leverage creates significant risks, including the following:

• we may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our funds from operations to servicing our debt and our cash flow may be insufficient to make required payments of principal and interest;

• debt service obligations will reduce funds available for distribution and funds available for acquisitions, development and redevelopment;

• we may be more vulnerable to economic and industry downturns than our competitors that have less debt;

• we may be limited in our ability to respond to changing business and economic conditions;

• we may default on our indebtedness, which could result in acceleration of those obligations, assignment of rents and leases and loss of properties to foreclosure; and

• if one of our subsidiaries defaults, it could trigger a cross default or cross acceleration provision under other indebtedness, which could cause an immediate default or could allow the lenders to declare all funds borrowed thereunder to be due and payable.

If any one of these events was to occur, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We may be unable to renew, repay or refinance our outstanding debt, which could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to the normal risks associated with debt financing, including the risk that our cash flow will be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest, the risk that either secured or unsecured indebtedness will not be able to be renewed, repaid or refinanced when due or that the terms of any renewal or refinancing will not be as favorable as the existing terms of such indebtedness. If we are unable to refinance our indebtedness on acceptable terms, if at all, we might be forced to dispose of one or more of our apartment communities on disadvantageous terms, which might result in losses to us. Such losses could have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions. Furthermore, if a property is mortgaged to secure payment of indebtedness and we are unable to meet mortgage payments, the mortgagee could foreclose upon the property, appoint a receiver and receive an assignment of rents and leases or pursue other remedies, all with a consequent loss of our revenues and asset value. Foreclosures could also create taxable income without accompanying cash proceeds, thereby hindering our ability to meet the REIT distribution requirements of the Code.

Rising interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.

We have incurred and expect in the future to incur indebtedness that bears interest at variable rates. Interest rates have increased, and to the extent that the current high interest rate environment increases further, we could experience higher interest expense on our variable-rate debt or increase interest rates when refinancing maturing fixed-rate debt, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions or cause us to be in default under certain debt instruments. In addition, a further increase in market interest rates may lead holders of shares of our common stock to demand a higher yield on their shares from distributions by us, which could adversely affect the market price for our common stock. Any increase in the federal funds rate due to key economic indicators, such as the unemployment rate or inflation, may cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact our ability to access the debt markets on favorable terms. Any continued adverse economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may incur additional debt in the future, which may adversely impact our financial condition.

We currently fund the acquisition and development of apartment communities partially through borrowings (including our commercial paper program and revolving credit facility) as well as from other sources such as sales of apartment communities which no longer meet our investment criteria. In addition, we may fund other of our capital requirements through additional debt. Our organizational documents do not contain any limitation on the amount of indebtedness that we may incur, and we may incur more debt in the future. Accordingly, subject to limitations on indebtedness set forth in various loan agreements and the indentures governing our senior notes, we could become more highly leveraged, resulting in an increase in debt service and an increased risk of default on our obligations, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, our ability to access debt and equity capital markets in the future and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

The restrictive terms of certain of our indebtedness may cause acceleration of debt payments.

As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding borrowings of $4.4 billion. Our indebtedness contains financial covenants as to interest coverage ratios, maximum secured debt, maintenance of unencumbered asset value, and total debt to gross assets, among others, and cross default provisions with other material debt. Our ability to comply with these financial covenants may be affected by changes in our operating and financial performance, changes in general business and economic conditions, adverse regulatory developments or other events adversely impacting us. In the event that an event of default occurs, our lenders may declare borrowings under the respective loan agreements to be due and payable immediately, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

A downgrade in our credit ratings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have a significant amount of unsecured debt outstanding. We are currently assigned corporate credit ratings from each of the three ratings agencies based on their evaluation of our creditworthiness. These ratings are based on a number of factors, which include their assessment of our financial strength, liquidity, capital structure, asset quality and sustainability of cash flows and earnings. If our credit ratings are downgraded or other negative action is taken, we could be required to pay additional interest and fees on our outstanding borrowings. In addition, a downgrade may adversely impact our ability to borrow secured and unsecured debt and otherwise limit our access to capital, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Financing may not be available and could be dilutive.

Our capital requirements depend on numerous factors, including the occupancy and turnover rates of our apartment communities, development and capital expenditures, costs of operations and potential acquisitions. We cannot accurately predict the timing and amount of our capital requirements. If our capital requirements vary materially from our plans, we may require additional financing sooner than anticipated.

We and other companies in the real estate industry have experienced limited availability of financing from time to time. Dislocations and liquidity disruptions in capital and credit markets could impact liquidity in the debt markets, which could result in financing terms that are less attractive to us and/or the unavailability of certain types of debt financing. Likewise, disruptions could impede the ability of our counterparties to perform on their contractual obligations. Should the capital and credit markets experience volatility and the availability of funds again becomes limited, or be available only on unattractive terms, we will incur increased costs associated with issuing debt instruments. In addition, it is possible that our ability to access the capital and credit markets may be limited or precluded by these or other factors at a time when we would like, or need, to do so, which would adversely impact our ability to refinance maturing debt and/or react to changing economic and business conditions. Uncertainty in the credit markets could negatively impact our ability to make acquisitions and make it more difficult or not possible for us to sell properties or may adversely affect the price we receive for properties that we do sell, as prospective buyers may experience increased costs of debt financing or difficulties in obtaining debt financing. Potential continued disruptions in the financial markets could also have other unknown adverse effects on us or the economy generally and may cause the price of our securities to fluctuate significantly and/or to decline. If we issue additional equity securities to obtain additional capital, the interest of our existing shareholders could be diluted.

Risks Related to MAA’s Organization and Ownership of Its Stock

MAA’s ownership limit restricts the transferability of its capital stock.

MAA’s charter limits ownership of its capital stock by any single shareholder to 9.9% of the value of all outstanding shares of its capital stock, both common and preferred, unless approved by its Board of Directors. The charter also prohibits anyone from buying shares if the purchase would result in it losing REIT status. This could happen if a share transaction results in fewer than 100 persons owning all of its shares or in five or fewer persons, applying certain broad attribution rules of the Code, owning 50% or more of its shares. If an investor acquires shares in excess of the ownership limit or in violation of the ownership requirements of the Code for REITs, MAA:

• will consider the transfer to be null and void;

• will not reflect the transaction on its books;

• may institute legal action to enjoin the transaction;

• will not pay dividends or other distributions with respect to those shares;

• will not recognize any voting rights for those shares;

• will consider the shares held in trust for its benefit; and

• will either direct the holder to sell the shares and turn over any profit to MAA, or MAA will redeem the shares. If MAA redeems the shares, the holder will be paid a price equal to the lesser of:

o the principal price paid for the shares by the holder,

o a price per share equal to the market price (as determined in the manner set forth in its charter) of the applicable capital stock,

o the market price (as so determined) on the date such holder would, but for the restrictions on transfers set forth in its charter, be deemed to have acquired ownership of the shares, and

o the maximum price allowed under the Tennessee Greenmail Act (such price being the average of the highest and lowest closing market price for the shares during the 30 trading days preceding the purchase of such shares or, if the holder of such shares has commenced a tender offer or has announced an intention to seek control of MAA, during the 30 trading days preceding the commencement of such tender offer or the making of such announcement).

The redemption price may be paid, at MAA’s option, by delivering one common unit (subject to adjustment from time to time in the event of, among other things, stock splits, stock dividends or recapitalizations affecting its common stock or certain mergers, consolidations or asset transfers by MAA) issued by the Operating Partnership for each excess share being redeemed.

If an investor acquires shares in violation of the limits on ownership described above, the holder may:

• lose its power to dispose of the shares;

• not recognize profit from the sale of such shares if the market price of the shares increases; and

• be required to recognize a loss from the sale of such shares if the market price decreases.

Future offerings of debt or equity securities, which may rank senior to MAA’s stock, may adversely affect the market price of MAA’s stock.

If we decide to issue additional debt securities in the future, which would rank senior to MAA’s common stock, it is likely that they will be governed by an indenture or other instrument containing covenants restricting our operating flexibility. Additionally, any equity securities or convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences and privileges more favorable than those of MAA’s common stock and may result in dilution to owners of MAA’s common stock. We and, indirectly, MAA’s shareholders, will bear the cost of issuing and servicing such securities. Because our decision to issue debt or equity securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of any future offerings. Thus, holders of MAA’s common stock will bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of MAA’s common stock and diluting the value of their stock holdings.

The form, timing and amount of dividend distributions in future periods may vary and be impacted by economic and other considerations.

Though our Board of Directors has a history of declaring dividends in advance of the quarter they are paid, the form, timing and amount of dividend distributions will be declared, and standing practice changed, at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The form, timing and amount of dividend distributions will depend on actual cash from operations, our financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code and other factors as our Board of Directors may consider relevant. Our Board of Directors may modify our dividend policy from time to time.

Provisions of MAA’s charter and Tennessee law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of MAA.

Ownership Limit

The 9.9% ownership limit discussed above may have the effect of precluding acquisition of control of MAA by a third party without the consent of our Board of Directors.

Preferred Stock

MAA’s charter authorizes our Board of Directors to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, 868,000 of which have been designated as 8.50% Series I Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, which we refer to as MAA Series I preferred stock. In addition to the MAA Series I preferred stock, the Board of Directors may establish the preferences and rights of any other series of preferred shares issued. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing someone from taking control of MAA, even if a change in control were in MAA shareholders’ best interests. As of December 31, 2022, 867,846 shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding, all of which shares were MAA Series I preferred stock.

Tennessee Anti-Takeover Statutes

As a Tennessee corporation, MAA is subject to various legislative acts, which impose restrictions on and require compliance with procedures designed to protect shareholders against unfair or coercive mergers and acquisitions. These statutes may delay or prevent offers to acquire MAA and increase the difficulty of consummating any such offers, even if MAA’s acquisition would be in MAA shareholders’ best interests.

Third-party expectations relating to environmental, social and governance factors may impose additional costs and expose us to new risks.

We have a significant institutional investor base, and there is an increasing focus from institutional investors and other stakeholders on corporate responsibility, specifically related to environmental, social and governance, or ESG, factors. Some institutional investors may use these factors to guide their investment strategies, and many institutional investors focus on positive ESG business practices and may consider a company’s ESG score when making an investment decision. In addition, many institutional investors may use ESG scores to benchmark companies against their peers. Third-party providers of corporate responsibility ratings and reports on companies have increased in number, resulting in varied and in some cases inconsistent standards. In addition, the criteria by which companies’ ESG practices are assessed are evolving and inconsistent, which could result in greater expectations of us and cause us to undertake costly initiatives to satisfy any new or contradictory criteria. Alternatively, if we elect not to or are unable to satisfy new criteria or do not meet the criteria of a specific third-party provider, some investors may conclude that our ESG business practices are inadequate. We may face reputational damage in the event that our corporate responsibility standards do not meet the standards set by various stakeholders. In addition, in the event that we communicate certain ESG initiatives and goals, we could fail, or be perceived to have failed, in our achievement of our initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope of our initiatives or goals or the achievement of our initiatives or goals may be costly. If we fail to satisfy the ESG expectations of investors and other stakeholders or our initiatives are not executed as planned, our reputation and financial results and the market price of MAA’s common stock could be adversely affected.

Market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market value of MAA’s common stock.

The market price of shares of common stock of a REIT may be affected by the distribution rate on those shares, as a percentage of the price of the shares, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective purchasers of MAA’s common stock may expect a higher annual distribution rate. Higher interest rates would not, however, result in more funds for MAA to distribute and, in fact, would likely increase MAA’s future borrowing costs and potentially decrease funds available for distribution. This could cause the market price of MAA’s common stock to go down.

Changes in market conditions or a failure to meet the market’s expectations with regard to our results of operations and cash distributions could adversely affect the market price of MAA’s common stock.

We believe that the market value of a REIT’s equity securities is based primarily upon the market’s perception of the REIT’s growth potential and its current and potential future cash distributions, and is secondarily based upon the real estate market value of the underlying assets. For that reason, MAA’s common stock may trade at prices that are higher or lower than the net asset value per share. To the extent we retain operating cash flow for investment purposes, working capital reserves or other purposes, these retained funds, while increasing the value of our underlying assets, may not correspondingly increase the market price of MAA’s common stock. In addition, we are subject to the risk that our cash flow will be insufficient to pay distributions to MAA’s shareholders. Our failure to meet the market’s expectations with regard to future earnings and cash distributions would likely adversely affect the market price of MAA’s common stock.

The stock markets, including the NYSE, on which MAA lists its common stock, have, at times, experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. As a result, the market price of MAA’s common stock could be similarly volatile, and investors in MAA’s common stock may experience a decrease in the value of their shares, including decreases unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. The market price of MAA’s publicly traded securities may be affected by many factors, including, but not limited to the following:

• our financial condition and operating performance and the performance of other similar companies;

• actual or anticipated differences in our quarterly and annual operating results;

• changes in our revenues or earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts;

• publication of research reports about us or our industry by securities analysts;

• additions and departures of key personnel;

• inability to access the capital markets;

• strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, dispositions, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy;

• the issuance of additional shares of MAA’s common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, including under a forward sale agreement and MAA’s at-the-market share offering program, or ATM program;

• the reputation of REITs generally and the reputation of REITs with portfolios similar to ours;

• the attractiveness of the securities of REITs in comparison to securities issued by other entities (including securities issued by other real estate companies);

• an increase in market interest rates, which may lead prospective investors to demand a higher distribution rate in relation to the price paid for MAA’s common stock;

• the passage of legislation or other regulatory developments that adversely affect us or our industry;

• speculation in the press or investment community;

• actions by institutional shareholders or hedge funds;

• the issuance of ratings, reports and scores related to our corporate responsibility and ESG reports and disclosures;

• changes in accounting principles;

• terrorist acts; and

• general market conditions, including factors unrelated to our performance.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources.

Risks Related to the Operating Partnership’s Organization and Ownership of OP Units

The Operating Partnership’s existing unitholders have limited approval rights, which may prevent the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, MAA, from completing a change of control transaction that may be in the best interests of all unitholders of the Operating Partnership and all shareholders of MAA.

MAA may not engage in a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Operating Partnership, dissolve the Operating Partnership or, upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, take any action that would result in any unitholder realizing taxable gain, without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding OP Units held by holders other than MAA or its affiliates, or Class A OP Units. The right of the holders of our Class A OP Units to vote on these transactions could limit MAA’s ability to complete a change of control transaction that might otherwise be in the best interest of all unitholders of the Operating Partnership and all shareholders of MAA.

In certain circumstances, certain of the Operating Partnership’s unitholders must approve the Operating Partnership’s sale of certain properties contributed by the unitholders.

In certain circumstances, as detailed in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership, the Operating Partnership may not sell or otherwise transfer certain properties unless a specified percentage of the limited partners who were partners in the limited partnership holding such properties at the time of its acquisition by us approves such sale or transfer. The exercise of these approval rights by the Operating Partnership’s unitholders could delay or prevent the Operating Partnership from completing a transaction that may be in the best interest of all unitholders of the Operating Partnership and all shareholders of MAA.

MAA, its officers and directors have substantial influence over the Operating Partnership’s affairs.

MAA, as the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner and acting through its officers and directors, has a substantial influence on the Operating Partnership’s affairs. MAA, its officers and directors could exercise their influence in a manner that is not in the best interest of the unitholders of the Operating Partnership. Also, MAA owns approximately 97.3% of the OP Units and as such, will have substantial influence on the outcome of substantially all matters submitted to the Operating Partnership’s unitholders for approval.

Insufficient cash flow from operations or a decline in the market price of MAA’s common stock may reduce the amount of cash available to the Operating Partnership to meet its obligations.

The Operating Partnership is subject to the risk that its cash flow will be insufficient to make payments on its debt and to make distributions to its unitholders, which may cause MAA to not have the funds to make distributions to its shareholders. MAA’s failure to meet the market’s expectations with regard to future results of operations and cash distributions would likely adversely affect the market price of its shares and thus potentially reduce MAA’s ability to contribute funds from issuances down to the Operating Partnership, resulting in a lower level of cash available for investment, to make payments on its debt or to make distributions to its unitholders.

Risks Related to Tax Laws

Failure to qualify as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a corporation, which would significantly reduce funds available for distribution to shareholders.

If MAA fails to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, MAA will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate rates without the benefit of the dividends paid deduction applicable to REITs. In addition, unless MAA is entitled to relief under applicable statutory provisions, MAA would be ineligible to make an election for treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which it loses its qualification. The additional tax liability resulting from the failure to qualify as a REIT would significantly reduce or eliminate the amount of funds available for distribution to MAA’s shareholders. MAA’s failure to qualify as a REIT also could impair its ability to expand its business and raise capital, and would adversely affect the value of MAA’s common stock.

MAA believes that it is organized and qualified as a REIT, and MAA intends to operate in a manner that will allow it to continue to qualify as a REIT. MAA cannot assure, however, that it is qualified or will remain qualified as a REIT. This is because qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Code for which there are only limited judicial and administrative interpretations and involves the determination of a variety of factual matters and circumstances not entirely within MAA’s control. In addition, future legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions may significantly change the tax laws or the application of the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes or the federal income tax consequences of qualification as a REIT. Even if MAA qualifies as a REIT, MAA will be subject to various federal, state and local taxes, including property taxes and income taxes on taxable income that MAA does not timely distribute to its shareholders. In addition, MAA may hold certain assets and engage in certain activities that a REIT could not engage in directly through its taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRS, and those TRS will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates on their taxable income without the benefit of the dividends paid deduction applicable to REITs.

Furthermore, we have a subsidiary that has elected to be treated as a REIT, and if our subsidiary REIT were to fail to qualify as a REIT, it is possible that we also would fail to qualify as a REIT unless we (or the subsidiary REIT) could qualify for certain relief provisions. The qualification of our subsidiary REIT as a REIT will depend on satisfaction, on an annual or quarterly basis, of numerous requirements set forth in highly technical and complex provisions of the Code for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations. A determination as to whether such requirements are satisfied involves various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. The fact that we hold substantially all of our assets through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries further complicates the application of the REIT requirements for us. No assurance can be given that our subsidiary REIT will qualify as a REIT for any particular year.

If any REIT previously acquired by us failed to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would incur adverse tax consequences and our financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.

In the past, we have acquired companies that operated in a manner intended to allow them to qualify as REITs for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If any such REIT previously acquired by MAA, referred to as a Merged REIT, is determined to have lost its REIT status at any time prior to its merger with MAA, MAA would be subject to serious adverse tax consequences, including:

• MAA would be required to pay U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on the taxable income of such Merged REIT without the benefit of the dividends paid deduction for the taxable years that the Merged REIT did not qualify as a REIT and for which the statute of limitations period remains open; and

• MAA would be required to pay any federal alternative minimum tax liability of the Merged REIT and any applicable state and local tax liability, in each case, for all taxable years that remain open under the applicable statute of limitations periods.

MAA is liable for any tax liability of a Merged REIT with respect to any periods prior to the merger of such Merged REIT with MAA. If a Merged REIT failed to qualify as a REIT, then in the event of a taxable disposition by MAA of an asset previously held by the Merged REIT during a specified period of up to five years following the merger of the Merged REIT with MAA, MAA will be subject to corporate income tax with respect to any built-in gain inherent in such asset as of the date of such merger. In addition, unless an applicable statutory relief provision applies, if a Merged REIT failed to qualify as a REIT for a taxable year, then the Merged REIT would not have been entitled to re-elect to be taxed as a REIT until the fifth taxable year following the year during which it was disqualified. Furthermore, if both MAA and a Merged REIT were “investment companies” under the “investment company” rules set forth in Section 368 of the Code at the time of the merger of MAA and such Merged REIT, the failure of MAA or such Merged REIT to have qualified as a REIT at the time of their merger could result in such merger being treated as taxable for federal income tax purposes. As a result of all these factors, the failure by a Merged REIT to have qualified as a REIT could jeopardize MAA’s qualification as a REIT and require the Operating Partnership to provide material amounts of cash to MAA to satisfy MAA’s additional tax liabilities and, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on MAA’s business prospects, financial condition or results of operations and on MAA’s ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

The Operating Partnership may fail to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.

We believe that the Operating Partnership qualifies, and has so qualified since its formation, as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and not as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. No assurance can be provided, however, that the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, will not challenge the treatment of the Operating Partnership as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating the Operating Partnership as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, then the taxable income of the Operating Partnership would be taxable at regular corporate income tax rates. In addition, the treatment of the Operating Partnership as a corporation would cause MAA to fail to qualify as a REIT. See “Failure to qualify as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a corporation, which would significantly reduce funds available for distribution to shareholders” above.

Certain dispositions of property by us may generate prohibited transaction income, resulting in a 100% penalty tax on any gain attributable to the disposition.

Any gain resulting from a transfer of property that we hold as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business would be treated for federal income tax purposes as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. Since we acquire properties for investment purposes, we do not believe that our occasional transfers or disposals of property would be considered prohibited transactions. Whether property is held for investment purposes is a question of fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction. As such, the IRS may contend that certain transfers or disposals of properties by us are prohibited transactions. If the IRS were to argue successfully that a transfer or disposition of property constituted a prohibited transaction, then we would be required to pay a 100% penalty tax on any gain allocable to us from the prohibited transaction. In addition, income from a prohibited transaction might adversely affect our ability to satisfy the income tests for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. A safe harbor to the characterization of the disposition of property as a prohibited transaction and the resulting imposition of the 100% tax is available; however, we cannot assure that we will be able to comply with such safe harbor in connection with any property dispositions.

Legislative or regulatory income tax changes related to REITs could materially and adversely affect us.

The U.S. federal income tax laws and regulations governing REITs and their shareholders, as well as the administrative interpretations of those laws and regulations, are constantly under review and may be changed at any time, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given as to whether, when, or in what form changes to the U.S. federal income tax laws applicable to us and MAA’s shareholders may be enacted. Changes to the U.S. federal income tax laws and interpretations of U.S. federal tax laws could adversely affect an investment in MAA’s stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

We own, operate, acquire and selectively develop apartment communities primarily located in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States with the potential for above average growth and return on investment. Approximately 70% of our apartment units are located in the Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Texas markets. Our strategic focus is to provide our residents high quality apartment units in attractive community settings, characterized by upscale amenities, extensive landscaping and attention to aesthetic detail.

The following schedule summarizes our apartment community portfolio and occupancy levels by location, as of December 31, 2022:

			Number of Units (2)
Atlanta, GA	29			11,434	95.4	%
Dallas, TX	27			9,767	95.6	%
Austin, TX	20			6,829	95.2	%
Charlotte, NC	20			5,867	95.8	%
Raleigh/Durham, NC	15			5,350	95.6	%
Orlando, FL	13			5,274	96.2	%
Tampa, FL	15			5,220	96.0	%
Houston, TX	15			4,867	95.6	%
Nashville, TN	12			4,375	95.8	%
Fort Worth, TX	9			3,519	95.5	%
Jacksonville, FL	9			3,496	96.5	%
Charleston, SC	11			3,168	95.9	%
Phoenix, AZ	8			2,623	95.9	%
Greenville, SC	10			2,355	96.3	%
Richmond, VA	7			2,004	96.1	%
Northern Virginia	4			1,888	95.7	%
Savannah, GA	7			1,837	96.7	%
Memphis, TN	4			1,811	95.0	%
San Antonio, TX	4			1,504	95.6	%
Birmingham, AL	5			1,462	95.8	%
Fredericksburg, VA	4			1,435	96.3	%
Huntsville, AL	3			1,228	95.6	%
Kansas City, MO-KS	3			1,110	95.7	%
Chattanooga, TN	4			943	96.5	%
Lexington, KY	4			924	96.3	%
Denver, CO	2			812	95.7	%
Norfolk / Hampton / Virginia Beach, VA	3			788	96.9	%
Las Vegas, NV	2			721	95.1	%
Tallahassee, FL	2			604	96.2	%
Columbia, SC	2			576	94.3	%
South Florida, FL	1			480	95.4	%
Gainesville, FL	2			468	95.6	%
Louisville, KY	1			384	96.6	%
Maryland	1			361	95.7	%
Gulf Shores, AL	1			324	96.1	%
Panama City, FL	1			254	96.1	%
Charlottesville, VA	1			251	96.8	%
Same Store	281			96,313	95.7	%
Orlando, FL	2			633	80.7	%
Austin, TX	1			350	54.8	%
Dallas, TX	—	(4)		348	95.6	%
Phoenix, AZ	2			345	93.7	%
Charlotte, NC	1			344	88.8	%
Houston, TX	1			308	70.8	%
Denver, CO	2			306	80.9	%
Tampa, FL	2			196	83.5	%
Fort Worth, TX	—	(4)		168	96.4	%
Gulf Shores, AL	1			96	97.7	%
Salt Lake City, UT	1		—		—
Raleigh/Durham, NC	1			—	—
Atlanta, GA	1			—	—
Total (5)	296			99,407	95.3	%

(1) Number of communities includes six communities under development as of December 31, 2022.

(2) Number of units excludes development units not yet delivered.

(3) Average physical occupancy is calculated by dividing the average daily number of units occupied in 2022 by the total number of units at each apartment community.

(4) Represents a MAA multifamily apartment community expansion development.

(5) Schedule excludes a 269 unit joint venture property in Washington, D.C.

Thirty-four of our apartment communities reflected in the above schedule also include retail components. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of our Same Store and Non-Same Store and Other segments.

Mortgage Financing

As of December 31, 2022, we had $367.2 million of indebtedness collateralized, secured and outstanding as set forth in Schedule III – Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

As disclosed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are engaged in certain legal proceedings, and the disclosure set forth in Note 11 relating to legal proceedings is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Market Information

MAA’s common stock has been listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbol “MAA” since its initial public offering in February 1994. As of February 9, 2023, there were approximately 2,200 holders of record of the common stock. MAA believes it has a significantly larger number of beneficial owners of its common stock.

MAA has a history of declaring dividends to holders of MAA common stock. The timing and amount of future dividends will depend on actual cash flows from operations, our financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code and other factors as MAA’s Board of Directors deems relevant. MAA’s Board of Directors may modify our dividend policy from time to time.

Direct Stock Purchase and Distribution Reinvestment Plan

We have established the dividend and distribution reinvestment stock purchase plan, or DRSPP, under which holders of common stock, preferred stock and OP Units can elect to automatically reinvest their distributions in shares of MAA common stock. The DRSPP also allows for the optional purchase of MAA common stock of at least $250, but not more than $5,000 in any given month, free of brokerage commissions and charges. In our absolute discretion, we may grant waivers to allow for optional cash payments in excess of $5,000. To fulfill our obligations under the DRSPP, we may either issue additional shares of common stock or repurchase common stock in the open market. We may elect to sell shares under the DRSPP at up to a 5% discount. During the year ended December 31, 2022 we had issuances with no discounts through our DRSPP of 6,547 shares.

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Operating Partnership Units

There is no established public trading market for the Operating Partnership’s OP Units. From time to time, we issue shares of MAA’s common stock in exchange for OP Units tendered to the Operating Partnership for redemption in accordance with the provisions of the Operating Partnership’s limited partnership agreement. As of December 31, 2022, there were 118,645,269 OP Units outstanding in the Operating Partnership, of which 115,480,336 OP Units, or 97.3%, were owned by MAA and 3,164,933 OP Units, or 2.7%, were owned by limited partners. Under the terms of the Operating Partnership’s limited partnership agreement, the limited partner holders of OP Units have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem all or a portion of the OP Units held by the holder in exchange for one share of MAA common stock per one OP Unit or a cash payment based on the market value of MAA’s common stock at the time of redemption, at the option of MAA. During the year ended December 31, 2022, MAA issued a total of 41,184 shares of common stock upon redemption of OP Units.

At-the-Market Share Offering Program

In November 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement to establish a new ATM program, replacing MAA’s previous ATM program and allowing MAA to sell shares of its common stock from time to time to or through its sales agents into the existing market at current market prices, and to enter into separate forward sales agreements to or through its forward purchasers. Under the current ATM program, MAA has the authority to issue up to an aggregate of 4.0 million shares of its common stock, at such times to be determined by MAA. MAA has no obligation to issue shares through the ATM program.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, MAA did not sell any shares of common stock under its ATM program. As of December 31, 2022, there were 4.0 million shares remaining under the current ATM program.

Stock Repurchase Plan

In December 2015, MAA’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 4.0 million shares of MAA common stock, which represented approximately 5.3% of MAA’s common stock outstanding at the time of such authorization. From time to time, we may repurchase shares under this authorization when we believe that shareholder value would be enhanced. Factors affecting this determination include, among others, the share price and expected rates of return. As of December 31, 2022, no shares have been repurchased under the authorization.

Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table reflects repurchases of shares of MAA’s common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2022:

Period		Average<br>Price Paid<br>per Share
October 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022	—	$	—	—	4,000,000
November 1, 2022 - November 30, 2022	—	$	—	—	4,000,000
December 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022	—	$	—	—	4,000,000
Total	—			—	4,000,000

(1) This column reflects the number of shares of MAA’s common stock that are available for purchase under the 4.0 million share repurchase program authorized by MAA’s Board of Directors in December 2015.

Comparison of Five-year Cumulative Total Returns

The following graph compares the cumulative total returns of the shareholders of MAA since December 31, 2017 with the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Real Estate Apartments Index. The graph assumes that the base share price for our common stock and each index is $100 and that all dividends are reinvested. The performance graph is not necessarily indicative of future investment performance.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022
Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.	$	100.00	$	98.94	$	141.00	$	140.10	$	260.40	$	182.93
S&P 500 Index		100.00		95.62		125.72		148.85		191.58		156.88
DJ US REIT Apartment Index		100.00		102.19		130.92		115.30		186.51		126.67

Item 6. [Reserved].

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion analyzes the financial condition and results of operations of both MAA and the Operating Partnership, of which MAA is the sole general partner and in which MAA owned a 97.3% interest as of December 31, 2022. MAA conducts all of its business through the Operating Partnership and its various subsidiaries. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results, performance or achievements may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, but not limited to, those under the heading “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

MAA, an S&P 500 company, is a multifamily-focused, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. We own, operate, acquire and selectively develop apartment communities primarily located in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. As of December 31, 2022, we owned and operated 290 apartment communities (which does not include development properties under construction) through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries, and had an ownership interest in one apartment community through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture. In addition, as of December 31, 2022, we had six development communities under construction, and 34 of our apartment communities included retail components. Our apartment communities, including development communities under construction, were located across 16 states and the District of Columbia as of December 31, 2022.

We report in two segments, Same Store and Non-Same Store and Other. Our Same Store segment represents those apartment communities that have been owned and stabilized for at least 12 months as of the first day of the calendar year. Our Non-Same Store and Other segment includes recently acquired communities, communities being developed or in lease-up, communities identified for disposition, communities that have incurred a significant casualty loss and stabilized communities that do not meet the requirements to be Same Store communities. Also included in our Non-Same Store and Other segment are non-multifamily activities and storm related expenses related to hurricanes. Additional information regarding the composition of our segments is included in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

For the year ended December 31, 2022, net income available for MAA common shareholders was $633.7 million as compared to $530.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Results for the year ended December 31, 2022 included $215.6 million of gain related to the sale of real estate assets and $29.9 million in net casualty gain primarily due to winter storm Uri, partially offset by $35.8 million of non-cash loss, net of tax, from investments and $21.1 million of non-cash loss related to the fair value adjustment of the embedded derivative in the MAA Series I preferred shares. Results for the year ended December 31, 2021 included $221.2 million of gain related to the sale of real estate assets and $40.9 million of non-cash gain, net of tax, from investments. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased 13.6% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, driven by a 13.5% increase in our Same Store segment. Property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased by 7.8% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, driven by a 7.6% increase in our Same Store segment. The primary drivers of these changes are discussed in the “Results of Operations” section.

Trends

During the year ended December 31, 2022, revenue growth for our Same Store segment continued to be primarily driven by growth in average effective rent per unit. The average effective rent per unit for our Same Store segment continued to increase from the prior year, up 14.6% for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, after the effect of leasing concessions, for occupied apartment units plus prevalent market rates asked for unoccupied apartment units, divided by the total number of units. Leasing concessions represent discounts to the current market rate. We believe average effective rent per unit is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing; however, it does not represent actual rental revenue collected per unit.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, average physical occupancy for our Same Store segment was 95.7%, as compared to 96.1% for the year ended December 31, 2021. Average physical occupancy is a measurement of the total number of our apartment units that are occupied by residents, and it represents the average of the daily physical occupancy for the period.

An important part of our portfolio strategy is to maintain diversity of markets, submarkets, product types and price points in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. This diversity tends to mitigate exposure to economic issues in any one geographic market or area. We believe that a well-balanced portfolio, including both urban and suburban locations, with a broad range of monthly rent price points, will perform well in economic up cycles as well as better weather economic down cycles. Through our investment in 39 defined markets, we are diversified across markets, urban and suburban submarkets, and a variety of product types and monthly rent price points.

Though demand for apartments moderated during the second half of 2022, we were able to maintain strong rent growth. We believe demand for apartments is primarily driven by general economic conditions in our markets and is particularly correlated to job

growth, population growth, household formation and in-migration. While our rent growth and rent collection trends during the year ended December 31, 2022 were strong, we continue to monitor pressures surrounding inflation trends, general economic conditions and housing supply. A worsening of the current environment could contribute to uncertain rent collections going forward and suppress demand for apartments and could drive lower rent growth on new leases and renewals than what we achieved during the year ended December 31, 2022. Current elevated supply levels could further affect rent growth for our portfolio, though we expect the demand side to continue to be more impactful over the long term. Supply chain and inflationary pressures have driven higher operating expenses during the year ended December 31, 2022, particularly in personnel, repairs and maintenance and real estate taxes, and this trend may continue going forward.

Access to the financial markets remains available for high credit rated borrowers. However, a prolonged disruption of the markets or a decline in credit and financing conditions could negatively affect our ability to access capital necessary to fund our operations or refinance maturing debt in the future. Additionally, rising interest rates could negatively impact our borrowing costs for any variable rate borrowings or refinancing activity.

Results of Operations

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we achieved net income available for MAA common shareholders of $633.7 million, a 19.6% increase as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, and total revenue growth of $241.8 million, representing a 13.6% increase in property revenues as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The following discussion describes the primary drivers of the increase in net income available for MAA common shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. A discussion of the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 is found in Item 7 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 17, 2022, which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at https://www.sec.gov and on our website at https://www.maac.com, on the “For Investors” page under “Filings and Financials—Annual Reports.”

Property Revenues

The following table reflects our property revenues by segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Increase
Same Store	$	1,924,709	$	1,695,234	$	229,475	13.5	%
Non-Same Store and Other		95,157		82,848		12,309	14.9	%
Total	$	2,019,866	$	1,778,082	$	241,784	13.6	%

The increase in rental revenues for our Same Store segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 was the primary driver of total property revenue growth. The Same Store segment generated a 13.5% increase in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily the result of average effective rent per unit growth of 14.6% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, partially offset by lower average physical occupancy. The increase in property revenues from the Non-Same Store and Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily the result of increased revenues from recently completed development communities and acquired communities, partially offset by decreased revenues from recently disposed communities.

Property Operating Expenses

Property operating expenses include costs for property personnel, building repairs and maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, utilities, landscaping and other operating expenses. The following table reflects our property operating expenses by segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Increase
Same Store	$	682,014	$	633,662	$	48,352	7.6	%
Non-Same Store and Other		41,680		37,503		4,177	11.1	%
Total	$	723,694	$	671,165	$	52,529	7.8	%

The increase in property operating expenses for our Same Store segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily driven by increases in real estate tax expense of $15.0 million, personnel expense of $9.6 million, building repairs and maintenance of $9.2 million, utilities expense of $6.9 million, office operations expense of $4.3 million, and insurance expense of $3.1 million. The increase in property operating expenses from the Non-Same Store and Other segment for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily the result of $1.8 million of storm-related expenses related to hurricanes and increased property operating expenses from recently completed development communities and acquired communities, partially offset by decreased property operating expenses from recently disposed communities.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $543.0 million, an increase of $9.6 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the recognition of depreciation expense associated with our recently completed development communities and capital spend activities made in the normal course of business during the year ended December 31, 2022, partially offset from decreased depreciation expense from recently disposed communities.

Other Income and Expenses

Property management expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 were $65.5 million, an increase of $9.7 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 were $58.8 million, an increase of $5.9 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $154.7 million, a decrease of $2.1 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in our average outstanding debt balance during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we disposed of four apartment communities, resulting in a gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets of $214.8 million. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we disposed of seven apartment communities, resulting in a gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets of $220.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we disposed of two land parcels resulting in a gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets of $0.8 million. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we disposed of five land parcels resulting in a gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets of $0.8 million.

Other non-operating expense (income) for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $42.7 million of expense, as compared to $33.9 million of income for the year ended December 31, 2021. The expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by $45.4 million of non-cash loss from investments, $21.1 million of non-cash loss related to the fair value adjustment of the embedded derivative in the MAA Series I preferred shares, partially offset by $29.9 million in net casualty gain primarily due to winter storm Uri. The income for the year ended December 31, 2021 was driven by $51.7 million of non-cash gain from investments, partially offset by $13.4 million in debt extinguishment costs and $4.6 million of non-cash loss related to the fair value adjustment of the embedded derivative.

Funds from Operations and Core Funds from Operations

Funds from operations, or FFO, a non-GAAP financial measure, represents net income available for MAA common shareholders (computed in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP) excluding gains or losses on disposition of operating properties and asset impairment, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and adjustments for joint ventures. Because net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is added back, FFO, when used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, represents FFO attributable to the Company.

FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income available for MAA common shareholders or any other GAAP measurement, as an indicator of operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities as a measure of liquidity. Management believes that FFO is helpful to investors in understanding our operating performance, primarily because its calculation excludes depreciation and amortization expense on real estate assets and gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets. We believe that GAAP historical cost depreciation of real estate assets is generally not correlated with changes in the value of those assets, whose value does not diminish predictably over time, as historical cost depreciation implies. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts’, or NAREIT’s, definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs.

Core FFO represents FFO as adjusted for items that are not considered part of our core business operations, such as adjustments related to the fair value of the embedded derivative in the MAA Series I preferred shares; gain or loss on sale of non-depreciable assets; gain or loss on investments, net of tax; casualty related (recoveries) charges, net; gain or loss on debt extinguishment; legal costs and settlements, net; COVID-19 related costs and mark-to-market debt adjustments. While our definition of Core FFO may be similar to others in the industry, our methodology for calculating Core FFO may differ from that utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs. Core FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income available for MAA common shareholders, or any other GAAP measurement, as an indicator of operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities as a measure of liquidity. We believe that Core FFO is helpful in understanding our core operating performance between periods in that it removes certain items that by their nature are not comparable over periods and therefore tend to obscure actual operating performance from rental activities.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income available for MAA common shareholders to FFO and Core FFO for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, as we believe net income available for MAA common shareholders is the most directly comparable GAAP measure (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Net income available for MAA common shareholders	$	633,748		$	530,103
Depreciation and amortization of real estate assets		535,835			526,220
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		(214,762	)		(220,428	)
Depreciation and amortization of real estate assets<br> of real estate joint venture		621			616
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		17,340			16,911
FFO attributable to the Company		972,782			853,422
Loss on embedded derivative in preferred shares (1)		21,107			4,560
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		(809	)		(811	)
Loss (gain) on investments, net of tax (1)(2)		35,822			(40,875	)
Casualty related (recoveries) charges, net (3)		(29,930	)		1,524
Loss on debt extinguishment (1)		47			13,391
Legal costs and settlements, net (1)		8,535			(2,167	)
COVID-19 related costs (1)		575			1,301
Mark-to-market debt adjustment (4)		77			270
Core FFO	$	1,008,206		$	830,615

(1) Included in “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(2) For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, loss (gain) on investments are presented net of tax benefit of $9.5 million and net of tax expense of $10.8 million, respectively.

(3) During the year ended December 31, 2022, MAA incurred $5.8 million in casualty losses related to winter storm Elliot (primarily building repairs, landscaping and asset write-offs). During the year ended December 31, 2021, MAA incurred $26.0 million in casualty losses related to winter storm Uri. The majority of the storm costs are expected to be or have been reimbursed through insurance coverage. An insurance recovery was recognized in Other non-operating expense (income) in the amount of the recognized losses that MAA expects to recover. Additional costs related to the storms that are not expected to be recovered through insurance coverage, along with other unrelated casualty losses and recoveries, including the receipt of insurance proceeds that exceeded the recognized casualty losses from winter storm Uri, are reflected in Casualty related (recoveries) charges, net. For the year ended December 31, 2022, MAA recognized $29.0 million from the receipt of insurance proceeds that exceeded its casualty losses related to winter storm Uri. The adjustments are primarily included in “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(4) Included in “Interest expense” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Core FFO for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1.0 billion, an increase of $177.6 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, primarily as a result of an increase in property revenues of $241.8 million, partially offset by increases in property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, of $52.5 million, property management expenses of $9.7 million and general and administrative expenses of $5.9 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as well as general economic and market conditions, are the principal factors affecting our liquidity and capital resources.

We expect that our primary uses of cash will be to fund our ongoing operating needs, to fund our ongoing capital spending requirements, which relate primarily to our development, redevelopment and property repositioning activities, to repay maturing borrowings, to fund the future acquisition of assets and to pay shareholder dividends. We expect to meet our cash requirements through net cash flows from operating activities, existing unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under our commercial paper program and our revolving credit facility, the future issuance of debt and equity and the future disposition of assets.

We historically have had positive net cash flows from operating activities. We believe that future net cash flows generated from operating activities, existing unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, borrowing capacity under our current commercial paper program and revolving credit facility, and our ability to issue debt and equity will provide sufficient liquidity to fund the cash requirements for our business over the next 12 months and the foreseeable future.

As of December 31, 2022, we had $1.3 billion of combined unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $895.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in operating cash flows was primarily driven by our operating performance, partially offset by the timing of cash payments.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $405.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $253.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The primary drivers of the change were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Primary drivers of cash (outflow) inflow<br>during the year ended December 31,						(Decrease) Increase
	2022			2021			in Net Cash
Purchases of real estate and other assets	$	(271,428	)	$	(46,028	)	$	(225,400	)
Capital improvements and other		(296,176	)		(279,635	)		(16,541	)
Development costs		(172,124	)		(231,642	)		59,518
Contributions to affiliates		(13,849	)		(4,669	)		(9,180	)
Proceeds from real estate asset dispositions		320,491			293,071			27,420
Proceeds from insurance recoveries		27,312			14,820			12,492

The increase in cash outflows for purchases of real estate and other assets was driven by the nature of the real estate assets acquired during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we acquired two apartment communities and closed on the pre-purchase of a multifamily development community. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we closed on the pre-purchase of two multifamily development communities. The increase in cash outflows for capital improvements and other was primarily driven by increased capital spend relating to our property redevelopment and repositioning activities and recurring capital replacements, partially offset by decreased reconstruction-related capital expenditures relating to winter storm Uri during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in cash outflows for development costs was driven by decreased development spend during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash outflows for contributions to affiliates was driven by investments in the technology-focused limited partnerships during the year ended December 31, 2022, while less limited partnership contributions were made during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash inflows from proceeds from real estate asset dispositions was driven by the nature and quality of the real estate assets sold during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we sold four apartment communities as compared to seven apartment communities during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash inflows from proceeds from insurance recoveries was driven by increased insurance reimbursements received for casualty claims related to winter storm Uri during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $722.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $546.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The primary drivers of the change were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Primary drivers of cash inflow (outflow) during the year ended December 31,						Increase (Decrease)
	2022			2021			in Net Cash
Net change in commercial paper	$	20,000		$	(172,000	)	$	192,000
Proceeds from notes payable		—			594,423			(594,423	)
Principal payments on notes payable		(126,401	)		(467,153	)		340,752
Dividends paid on common shares		(539,605	)		(470,401	)		(69,204	)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests		(43,070	)		—			(43,070	)

The increase in cash inflows related to the net change in commercial paper resulted from the increase in net borrowings of $20.0 million on our commercial paper program during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the decrease in net borrowings of $172.0 million on our commercial paper program during the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in cash inflows related to proceeds from notes payable primarily resulted from no issuance of unsecured senior notes during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the issuance of $600.0 million of unsecured senior notes during the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease in cash outflows from principal payments on notes payable primarily resulted from the retirement of $125.0 million of unsecured senior notes during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the retirement of $222.0 million of senior unsecured private placement notes, $125.0 million of unsecured senior notes and $118.6 million of property mortgages during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash outflows from dividends paid on common shares primarily resulted from the increase in the dividend rate to $4.675 per share during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the dividend rate of $4.10 per share

during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash outflows from the acquisition of noncontrolling interests resulted from the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest of a consolidated real estate entity for $43.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Debt

The following schedule reflects our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	Principal Balance
Unsecured debt
Fixed rate senior notes	$	4,050,000		6.4	3.4	%
Variable rate commercial paper		20,000		0.1	4.7	%
Debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments		(19,090	)
Total unsecured debt	$	4,050,910		6.3	3.4	%
Secured debt
Fixed rate property mortgages	$	367,154		25.8	4.4	%
Debt issuance costs		(3,161	)
Total secured debt	$	363,993		25.8	4.4	%
Total debt	$	4,414,903		7.9	3.4	%

The following schedule presents the contractual maturity dates of our outstanding debt, net of debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	Commercial Paper & Revolving Credit Facility ⁽¹⁾ ⁽²⁾		Senior Notes		Property Mortgages		Total
2023	$	20,000	$	349,509	$	—	$	369,509
2024		—		398,842		—		398,842
2025		—		397,773		3,978		401,751
2026		—		297,202		—		297,202
2027		—		596,548		—		596,548
2028		—		396,695		—		396,695
2029		—		559,082		—		559,082
2030		—		297,542		—		297,542
2031		—		444,985		—		444,985
2032		—		—		—		—
Thereafter		—		292,732		360,015		652,747
Total	$	20,000	$	4,030,910	$	363,993	$	4,414,903

(1) There was $20.0 million outstanding under MAALP’s commercial paper program as of December 31, 2022. Under the terms of the program, MAALP may issue up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any time of $625.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2022, average daily borrowings outstanding under the commercial paper program were $34.9 million.

(2) There were no borrowings outstanding under MAALP’s $1.25 billion unsecured revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2022.

The following schedule reflects the interest rate maturities of our outstanding fixed rate debt, net of debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	Fixed Rate Debt
2023	$	349,509	4.2	%
2024		398,842	4.0	%
2025		401,751	4.2	%
2026		297,202	1.2	%
2027		596,548	3.7	%
2028		396,695	4.2	%
2029		559,082	3.7	%
2030		297,542	3.1	%
2031		444,985	1.8	%
2032		—	—
Thereafter		652,747	3.8	%
Total	$	4,394,903	3.4	%

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility & Commercial Paper

In July 2022, MAALP amended its unsecured revolving credit facility, increasing its borrowing capacity to $1.25 billion with an option to expand to $2.0 billion. The revolving credit facility bears interest at an adjusted Secured Overnight Financing Rate plus a spread of 0.70% to 1.40% based on an investment grade pricing grid. The revolving credit facility has a maturity date in October 2026 with an option to extend for two additional six-month periods. As of December 31, 2022, there was no outstanding balance under the revolving credit facility, while $4.3 million of capacity was used to support outstanding letters of credit.

MAALP has established an unsecured commercial paper program, whereby it can issue unsecured commercial paper notes with varying maturities not to exceed 397 days. In September 2022, MAALP amended its commercial paper program to increase the maximum aggregate principal amount of notes that may be outstanding from time to time under the program from $500.0 million to $625.0 million. As of December 31, 2022, there were $20.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the commercial paper program.

Unsecured Senior Notes

As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had $4.1 billion of publicly issued unsecured senior notes outstanding.

In September 2022, MAALP retired the remaining $125.0 million portion of its publicly issued unsecured senior notes due in December 2022.

Secured Property Mortgages

MAALP maintains secured property mortgages with various life insurance companies. As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had $367.2 million of secured property mortgages outstanding.

For more information regarding our debt capital resources, see Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Equity

As of December 31, 2022, MAA owned 115,480,336 OP Units, comprising a 97.3% limited partnership interest in MAALP, while the remaining 3,164,933 outstanding OP Units were held by limited partners of MAALP other than MAA. Holders of OP Units (other than MAA) may require us to redeem their OP Units from time to time, in which case we may, at our option, pay the redemption price either in cash (in an amount per OP Unit equal, in general, to the average closing price of MAA’s common stock on the NYSE over a specified period prior to the redemption date) or by delivering one share of MAA’s common stock (subject to adjustment under specified circumstances) for each OP Unit so redeemed. MAA has registered under the Securities Act the 3,164,933 shares of its common stock that, as of December 31, 2022, were issuable upon redemption of OP Units, in order for those shares to be sold freely in the public markets.

In August 2021, MAA entered into two 18-month forward sale agreements with respect to a total of 1.1 million shares of its common stock at an initial forward sale price of $190.56 per share, which is net of issuance costs. Under the forward sale agreements, the forward sale price is subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread and will be decreased based on amounts related to dividends on MAA’s common stock during the term of the forward sale agreements. No shares had been settled under the forward sale agreements as of December 31, 2022. In January 2023, MAA settled its two forward sale agreements with respect to a total of 1.1 million shares at a forward price per share of $185.23, which is inclusive of adjustments made to reflect the then-current federal funds rate, the amount of dividends paid to holders of MAA common stock and commissions paid to sales agents, for net proceeds of $203.7 million. We intend to use these proceeds to fund our development and redevelopment activities, among other potential uses.

In November 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement to establish a new ATM program, replacing MAA’s previous ATM program and allowing MAA to sell shares of its common stock from time to time to or through its sales agents into the existing market at current market prices, and to enter into separate forward sales agreements to or through its forward purchasers. Under its current ATM program, MAA has the authority to issue up to an aggregate of 4.0 million shares of its common stock, at such times to be determined by MAA. MAA has no obligation to issue shares through the ATM program. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, MAA did not sell any shares of common stock under its ATM program. As of December 31, 2022, there were 4.0 million shares remaining under the current ATM program.

For more information regarding our equity capital resources, see Note 8 and Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Material Cash Requirements

The following table summarizes material cash requirements as of December 31, 2022 related to contractual obligations, which consist of principal and interest on our debt obligations and right-of-use lease liabilities (dollars in thousands):

	2023		2024		2025		2026		2027		Thereafter		Total
Debt obligations (1)	$	371,481	$	401,566	$	400,815	$	300,000	$	600,000	$	2,363,292	$	4,437,154
Fixed rate interest		149,027		127,021		118,070		103,099		88,161		579,987		1,165,365
Right-of-use lease liabilities (2)		2,885		2,862		2,872		2,920		2,969		57,024		71,532
Total	$	523,393	$	531,449	$	521,757	$	406,019	$	691,130	$	3,000,303	$	5,674,051

(1) Represents principal payments gross of debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments of debt assumed.

(2) Primarily comprised of a ground lease underlying one apartment community we own and the lease of our corporate headquarters.

As of December 31, 2022, we also had obligations, which are not reflected in the table above, to make additional capital contributions to five technology-focused limited partnerships in which we hold equity interests. The capital contributions may be called by the general partners at any time after giving appropriate notice. As of December 31, 2022, we had committed to make additional capital contributions totaling up to $45.2 million if and when called by the general partners of the limited partnerships.

We have other material cash requirements that do not represent contractual obligations, but we expect to incur in the ordinary course of our business.

As of December 31, 2022, we had six development communities under construction totaling 2,310 apartment units once complete. Total expected costs for the six development projects are $728.7 million, of which $291.7 million had been incurred through December 31, 2022. In addition, our property redevelopment and repositioning activities are ongoing, and we incur expenditures relating to recurring capital replacements, which typically include scheduled carpet replacement, new roofs, HVAC units, plumbing, concrete, masonry and other paving, pools and various exterior building improvements. For the year ending December 31, 2023, we expect that our total capital expenditures relating to our development activities, our property redevelopment and repositioning activities and recurring capital replacements will be in line with our total capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2022. We expect to have additional development projects in the future.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we acquired two multifamily apartment communities for approximately $213 million, acquired four land parcels for future development for approximately $49 million, purchased the noncontrolling interest of a consolidated real estate entity for approximately $43 million and funded the pre-purchase of a multifamily community for approximately $10 million. These activities were primarily funded from the proceeds we received from the sale of four multifamily apartment communities in 2022.

We typically declare cash dividends on MAA’s common stock on a quarterly basis, subject to approval by MAA’s Board of Directors. We expect to pay quarterly dividends at an annual rate of $5.60 per share of MAA common stock during the year ending December 31, 2023. The timing and amount of future dividends will depend on actual cash flows from operations, our financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and other factors as MAA’s Board of Directors deems relevant. MAA’s Board of Directors may modify our dividend policy from time to time.

Inflation

Our resident leases at our apartment communities allow for adjustments in the rental rate at the time of renewal, which may enable us to seek rent increases. The majority of our leases are for one year or less. The short-term nature of these leases generally serves to reduce our risk to adverse effects of inflation on our revenue. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we experienced inflationary pressures that drove higher operating expenses, primarily in personnel, repairs and maintenance and real estate taxes.

Critical Accounting Estimates

A critical accounting estimate is one that is both important to our financial condition and results of operations and that involves some degree of uncertainty. The preceding discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make a number of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based upon historical experience and various other factors and circumstances. We believe that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances; however, actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.

We believe that the estimates and assumptions summarized below are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations because they involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and they have had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Acquisition of real estate assets

We account for our acquisitions of investments in real estate as asset acquisitions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations, which requires the cost of the real estate acquired to be allocated to the individual acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings and improvements and other, and identified intangible assets, consisting of the value of in-place leases and other contracts, on a relative fair value basis. In calculating the asset value of acquired tangible and intangible assets, management may use significant subjective inputs, including forecasted net operating income, or NOI, and market specific capitalization and discount rates. Management analyzes historical stabilized NOI to determine its estimate for forecasted NOI. Management estimates the market capitalization rate by analyzing the market capitalization rates for sold properties with comparable ages in similarly sized markets. Management allocates the purchase price of the asset acquisition based on the relative fair value of the individual components as a proportion of the total assets acquired.

Impairment of long-lived assets

We account for long-lived assets in accordance with the provisions of accounting standards for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Management periodically evaluates long-lived assets, including investments in real estate, for indicators that would suggest that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The judgments regarding the existence of such indicators are based on factors such as operating performance, market conditions and legal factors. Long-lived assets, such as real estate assets, equipment, right-of-use lease assets and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, or an asset group. Management generally considers the individual assets of an apartment community to collectively represent an asset group. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Management calculates the fair value of an asset by dividing estimated future annual cash flows by a market capitalization rate. No material impairment losses were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Our impairment assessments may contain uncertainties because they require management to make assumptions and to apply judgment to estimate future undiscounted cash flows and the fair value of the assets. Key assumptions used in estimating future cash flows and the fair value of an asset include projecting an apartment community’s NOI, estimating asset useful lives, disposition dates and recurring capital expenditures, as well as selecting an appropriate market capitalization rate. Management considers its apartment communities’ historical stabilized NOI performance, local market economics and the business environment impacting our apartment communities as the basis in projecting forecasted NOI, which management believes is representative of future cash flows. Management estimates the market capitalization rate by analyzing the market capitalization rates for sold properties with comparable ages in similarly sized markets. These estimates are subjective and our ability to realize future cash flows and asset fair values is affected by factors such as ongoing maintenance and improvement of the assets, changes in economic conditions and changes in operating performance.

Valuation of embedded derivative

The redemption feature embedded in the MAA Series I preferred stock is reported as a derivative asset and is adjusted to its fair value at each reporting date, with a corresponding non-cash adjustment to the income statement. The derivative asset related to the redemption feature is valued using widely accepted valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow analysis in which the perpetual value of the preferred shares is compared to the value of the preferred shares assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. The analysis reflects the contractual terms of the redeemable preferred shares, which are redeemable at our option beginning on October 1, 2026 and at the redemption price of $50 per share. We use various significant inputs in the analysis, including trading data available on the preferred shares, estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings as MAA and treasury rates to determine the fair value of the bifurcated call option. As a result of the adjustments recorded to reflect the change in fair value of the derivative asset, the fair value of the embedded derivative asset decreased to $13.4 million as of December 31, 2022 as compared to $34.5 million as of December 31, 2021, a decrease in value of the asset of $21.1 million.

Arriving at the valuation of the embedded derivative requires a significant amount of subjective judgment by management, and the valuation of the embedded derivative is highly sensitive to changes in certain inputs in the analysis. For example, changes in the inputs of the trading data available on the preferred shares, estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings as MAA and treasury rates could cause the valuation of the embedded derivative to materially change from the recorded balance as of December 31, 2022. For instance, holding all other assumptions constant, a $1 decrease in the trading price of the preferred shares as of December 31, 2022 would result in a decrease in fair value of the embedded derivative asset of approximately $3 million.

Significant Accounting Policies

For more information regarding our significant accounting policies, including the accounting polices related to the critical accounting estimates discussed above as well as a brief description of recent accounting pronouncements that could have a material impact on our financial statements, see Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. Our primary market risk exposure is to changes in interest rates on our borrowings. As of December 31, 2022, 19.2% of our total market capitalization consisted of debt borrowings. Our interest rate risk objective is to limit the impact of interest rate fluctuations on earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs. To achieve this objective, we manage our exposure to fluctuations in market interest rates for borrowings through the use of fixed rate debt instruments and from time to time interest rate swaps to effectively fix the interest rate on anticipated future debt transactions. We use our best efforts to have our debt instruments mature across multiple years, which we believe limits our exposure to interest rate changes in any one year. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. As of December 31, 2022, 99.5% of our outstanding debt was subject to fixed rates. We regularly review interest rate exposure on outstanding borrowings in an effort to minimize the risk of interest rate fluctuations.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

The consolidated financial statements and related financial information required to be filed are set forth on pages F-1 to F-38 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

MAA is required to maintain disclosure controls and procedures, within the meaning of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15. MAA’s management, with the participation of MAA’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of MAA’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, MAA’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by MAA in its Exchange Act filings is accurately recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to MAA’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

MAA’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting within the meaning of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15. MAA’s management, with the participation of MAA’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of MAA’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 based on the framework specified in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on such evaluation, MAA’s management concluded that MAA’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that has audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on MAA’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

(c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change to MAA’s internal control over financial reporting, within the meaning of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15, that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, MAA’s internal control over financial reporting.

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Operating Partnership is required to maintain disclosure controls and procedures, within the meaning of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15. Management of the Operating Partnership, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of MAA, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of MAA, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Operating Partnership in its in Exchange Act filings is accurately recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the Operating Partnership’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of MAA, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of the Operating Partnership is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting within the meaning of Exchange Act Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15. Management of the Operating Partnership, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of MAA, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 based on the framework specified in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on such evaluation, management of the Operating Partnership has concluded that the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022. An attestation report of the independent registered public accounting firm of the Operating Partnership will not be required as long as the Operating Partnership is a non-accelerated filer.

(c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change to the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting, within the meaning of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15, that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information.

None.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Not applicable.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information contained in MAA’s 2023 Proxy Statement in the sections entitled “Current Board Composition”, “Director Nominees for Election” and “Executive Officers of the Registrant” is incorporated herein by reference in response to this Item 10.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Conduct applicable to all officers, directors and employees, including the CEO, CFO and principal accounting officer, which can be found on our website at https://www.maac.com, on the “For Investors” page in the “Corporate Documents” section under “Overview—Corporate Governance”. We will provide a copy of this document to any person, without charge, upon request, by writing to the Legal Department at MAA, 6815 Poplar Avenue, Suite 500, Germantown, Tennessee 38138. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of the Code of Conduct by posting such information on our website at the address and the locations specified above. Reference to our website does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on the site and should not be considered part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

The information contained in MAA’s 2023 Proxy Statement in the sections entitled “Executive Compensation Tables”, “Director Compensation Table”, “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation”, “Compensation Committee Report” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” is incorporated herein by reference in response to this Item 11.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The information contained in MAA’s 2023 Proxy Statement in the sections entitled “Security Ownership of Management”, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans” is incorporated herein by reference in response to this Item 12.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information contained in MAA’s 2023 Proxy Statement in the sections entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Indebtedness of Management” is incorporated herein by reference in response to this Item 13.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

The information contained in MAA’s 2023 Proxy Statement in the section entitled “Audit and Non-Audit Fees” is incorporated herein by reference in response to this Item 14.

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

1.	Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 42)	F-1
	Financial Statements of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.:
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021	F-4
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-5
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-6
	Consolidated Statements of Equity for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-8
	Financial Statements of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.:
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as ofDecember 31, 2022 and 2021	F-9
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-10
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-11
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-12
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-13
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for theyears ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-14
2.	Financial Statement Schedule required to be filed by Item 8 and Paragraph (b) of this Item 15:
	Schedule III – Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation as ofDecember 31, 2022	F-33
3.	The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K, except as otherwise noted, have been filed with previous reports by the registrant and are herein incorporated by reference.
Exhibit<br><br>Number	Exhibit Description
---	---
3.1	Composite Charter of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2	Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., dated as of March 13, 2018 (Filed as Exhibit 3.2(i) to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 14, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.3	Composite Certificate of Limited Partnership of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 1, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.4	Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. dated as of October 1, 2013 (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 2, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.5	First Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 10, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.1	Form of Common Share Certificate (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 18, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.2	Form of 8.50% Series I Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on September 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.3	Indenture, dated as of October 16, 2013, by and among Mid-America Apartments, L.P., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 16, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.4	First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 16, 2013, by and among Mid-America Apartments, L.P., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, including the form of 4.300% Senior Notes due 2023 (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 16, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.5	Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2014, by and among Mid-America Apartments, L.P., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, including the form of 3.7500% Senior Notes due 2024 (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 13, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.6	Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 9, 2015, by and among Mid-America Apartments, L.P., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, including the form of 4.000% Senior Notes due 2025 (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 9, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.7	Indenture between Post Properties, Inc. and SunTrust Bank, as Trustee (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Post Properties’ Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-42884), and incorporated herein by reference).
4.8	First Supplemental Indenture to the Indenture between the Post Apartment Homes, L.P., and SunTrust Bank, as Trustee (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Post Properties’ Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR (File No. 333-139581) and incorporated herein by reference).
4.9	Form of Post Apartment Homes, L.P. 3.375% Note due 2022 (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Post Properties’ Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 7, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.10	Indenture, dated as of May 9, 2017, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.11	First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 9, 2017, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 9, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.12	Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 14, 2018, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 14, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
---	---
4.13	Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 7, 2019, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 7, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.14	Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 26, 2019, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 26, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.15	Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 12, 2020, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 12, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.16	Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 19, 2021, by and between Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and U.S. Bank National Association (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 19, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.17	Description of Securities (Filed as Exhibit 4.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 20, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.1†	Employment Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2015, by and between the Registrant and H. Eric Bolton, Jr. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 24, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.2†	Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Outside Company Directors as Amended Effective November 30, 2010 (Filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.3†	Amended and Restated Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Appendix B to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 16, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.4†	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.20 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 7, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.5†	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 1, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.6†	Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 7, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.7†	MAA Non-Qualified Executive Deferred Compensation Retirement Plan Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2016 (Filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.8†	Form of Change in Control and Termination Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 2, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.9†	Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. Indemnification Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.10†	Amended and Restated Post Properties Inc. 2003 Incentive Stock Plan (Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on December 9, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.11†	Second Amended and Restated Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Appendix A to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 9, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.12†	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
---	---
10.13†	Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.14†	Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for Company Employees Under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.15†	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Under the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.16	Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 21, 2019, by and among Mid-America Apartments, L.P., as the borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the administrative agent, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as the arrangers, KeyBank National Association and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as syndication agents, and the other lenders named therein (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 22, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.17	Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of July 25, 2022, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners, KeyBank National Association and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Co-Syndication Agents, Truist Bank, U.S. Bank National Association, PNC Bank, National Association, Citibank, N.A., TD Bank, N.A., and Mizuho Bank, LTD., as Co-Documentation Agents, and the lenders party thereto (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on July 28, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.18†	Retirement and Transition Services Agreement by and between the Registrants and Thomas L. Grimes, Jr.
21.1	List of Subsidiaries.
23.1	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Ernst & Young LLP for MAA.
23.2	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Ernst & Young LLP for MAALP.
31.1	MAA Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	MAA Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3	MAALP Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.4	MAALP Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*	MAA Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*	MAA Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.3*	MAALP Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.4*	MAALP Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	The following financial information from Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.’s and Mid-America Apartments, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2023, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Equity/Changes in Capital for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; and (vii) Schedule III - Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2022.
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104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

* This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of MAA or MAALP, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filings.

(b) Exhibits: See Item 15(a)(3) above.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.<br><br>Chairman of the Board of Directors<br><br>Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

		MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.<br><br>Chairman of the Board of Directors<br><br>Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
		Albert M. Campbell, III<br><br>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br>(Principal Financial Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ A. Clay Holder
		A. Clay Holder<br><br>Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer<br><br>(Principal Accounting Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Alan B. Graf, Jr.
		Alan B. Graf, Jr.<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Edith Kelly-Green
		Edith Kelly-Green<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Toni Jennings
		Toni Jennings<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ James K. Lowder
		James K. Lowder<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Thomas H. Lowder
		Thomas H. Lowder<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Claude B. Nielsen
		Claude B. Nielsen<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Philip W. Norwood
		Philip W. Norwood<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ W. Reid Sanders
		W. Reid Sanders<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Gary Shorb
		Gary Shorb<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ David P. Stockert
		David P. Stockert<br><br>Director

SIGNATURES

		MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.
		a Tennessee Limited Partnership
		By: Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., its general partner
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.<br><br>Chairman of the Board of Directors<br><br>Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant as an officer or director of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., in its capacity as the general partner of the registrant and on the dates indicated.

		MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.
		a Tennessee Limited Partnership
		By: Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., its general partner
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.<br><br>Chairman of the Board of Directors<br><br>Chief Executive Officer<br><br>(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
		Albert M. Campbell, III<br><br>Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br>(Principal Financial Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ A. Clay Holder
		A. Clay Holder<br><br>Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer<br><br>(Principal Accounting Officer)
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Alan B. Graf, Jr.
		Alan B. Graf, Jr.<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Edith Kelly-Green
		Edith Kelly-Green<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Toni Jennings
		Toni Jennings<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ James K. Lowder
		James K. Lowder<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Thomas H. Lowder
		Thomas H. Lowder<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Claude B. Nielsen
		Claude B. Nielsen<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Philip W. Norwood
		Philip W. Norwood<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ W. Reid Sanders
		W. Reid Sanders<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Gary Shorb
		Gary Shorb<br><br>Director
Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ David P. Stockert
		David P. Stockert<br><br>Director

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 14, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

	Valuation of Embedded Derivative
Description of the Matter	As disclosed in Notes 6 and 8 to the consolidated financial statements, the Series I Preferred Stock shares (“preferred shares”) include a redemption feature which represents an embedded call option exercisable at the Company’s option beginning on October 1, 2026 at the redemption price of $50 per share. The embedded call option has been bifurcated as a separate asset and is valued at fair value each reporting period with changes in its fair value reported in earnings. At each reporting date, management performs an analysis which compares the perpetual value of the preferred shares to the value of the preferred shares assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. At December 31, 2022, the fair value of the Company’s embedded derivative asset was $13.4 million.<br><br>Auditing the Company’s valuation of this bifurcated embedded derivative was challenging as the Company uses a complex valuation methodology that incorporates various inputs, including trading data available on the preferred shares, treasury rates and estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings, and includes significant assumptions about economic and market conditions with uncertain future outcomes.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit	We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the Company’s controls over the risks of material misstatement relating to the valuation of the bifurcated embedded derivative asset. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the valuation model and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.<br><br>To test the valuation of the embedded derivative asset, our audit procedures included, among others, assessing the methodology used in the valuation model and testing the significant assumptions discussed above. For example, we evaluated management’s assumptions by comparing the coupon rate that was used to discount future dividend payments from the preferred stock to observable market data. We also assessed the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Company in its valuation. In addition, we involved our valuation specialists to assist in our evaluation of the methodology used by the Company and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.

Valuation of Embedded Derivative

Description of the Matter

As disclosed in Notes 6 and 8 to the consolidated financial statements, the Series I Preferred Stock shares (“preferred shares”) include a redemption feature which represents an embedded call option exercisable at the Company’s option beginning on October 1, 2026 at the redemption price of $50 per share. The embedded call option has been bifurcated as a separate asset and is valued at fair value each reporting period with changes in its fair value reported in earnings. At each reporting date, management performs an analysis which compares the perpetual value of the preferred shares to the value of the preferred shares assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. At December 31, 2022, the fair value of the Company’s embedded derivative asset was $13.4 million. Auditing the Company’s valuation of this bifurcated embedded derivative was challenging as the Company uses a complex valuation methodology that incorporates various inputs, including trading data available on the preferred shares, treasury rates and estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings, and includes significant assumptions about economic and market conditions with uncertain future outcomes.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the Company’s controls over the risks of material misstatement relating to the valuation of the bifurcated embedded derivative asset. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the valuation model and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above. To test the valuation of the embedded derivative asset, our audit procedures included, among others, assessing the methodology used in the valuation model and testing the significant assumptions discussed above. For example, we evaluated management’s assumptions by comparing the coupon rate that was used to discount future dividend payments from the preferred stock to observable market data. We also assessed the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Company in its valuation. In addition, we involved our valuation specialists to assist in our evaluation of the methodology used by the Company and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005.

Memphis, Tennessee

February 14, 2023

F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Partners of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. (the Operating Partnership) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Operating Partnership at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Operating Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Operating Partnership’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Operating Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Operating Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

	Valuation of Embedded Derivative
Description of the Matter	As disclosed in Notes 6 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the MAALP Series I Preferred Units (“preferred units”) have the same characteristics as the MAA Series I Preferred Stock shares (“preferred shares”), and thus include a redemption feature which represents an embedded call option exercisable at the Operating Partnership’s option beginning on October 1, 2026 at the redemption price of $50 per unit. The embedded call option has been bifurcated as a separate asset and is valued at fair value each reporting period with changes in its fair value reported in earnings. At each reporting date, management performs an analysis which compares the perpetual value of the preferred units to the value of the preferred units assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. At December 31, 2022, the fair value of the Operating Partnership’s embedded derivative asset was $13.4 million.<br><br>Auditing the Operating Partnership’s valuation of this bifurcated embedded derivative was challenging as the Operating Partnership uses a complex valuation methodology that incorporates various inputs, including trading data available on the respective MAA preferred shares, treasury rates and estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings, and includes significant assumptions about economic and market conditions with uncertain future outcomes.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit	We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s controls over the risks of material misstatement relating to the valuation of the bifurcated embedded derivative asset. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the valuation model and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.<br><br>To test the valuation of the embedded derivative asset, our audit procedures included, among others, assessing the methodology used in the valuation model and testing the significant assumptions discussed above. For example, we evaluated management’s assumptions by comparing the coupon rate that was used to discount future dividend payments from the preferred units to observable market data. We also assessed the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Operating Partnership in its valuation. In addition, we involved our valuation specialists to assist in our evaluation of the methodology used by the Operating Partnership and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.

Valuation of Embedded Derivative

Description of the Matter

As disclosed in Notes 6 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the MAALP Series I Preferred Units (“preferred units”) have the same characteristics as the MAA Series I Preferred Stock shares (“preferred shares”), and thus include a redemption feature which represents an embedded call option exercisable at the Operating Partnership’s option beginning on October 1, 2026 at the redemption price of $50 per unit. The embedded call option has been bifurcated as a separate asset and is valued at fair value each reporting period with changes in its fair value reported in earnings. At each reporting date, management performs an analysis which compares the perpetual value of the preferred units to the value of the preferred units assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. At December 31, 2022, the fair value of the Operating Partnership’s embedded derivative asset was $13.4 million. Auditing the Operating Partnership’s valuation of this bifurcated embedded derivative was challenging as the Operating Partnership uses a complex valuation methodology that incorporates various inputs, including trading data available on the respective MAA preferred shares, treasury rates and estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings, and includes significant assumptions about economic and market conditions with uncertain future outcomes.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s controls over the risks of material misstatement relating to the valuation of the bifurcated embedded derivative asset. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the valuation model and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above. To test the valuation of the embedded derivative asset, our audit procedures included, among others, assessing the methodology used in the valuation model and testing the significant assumptions discussed above. For example, we evaluated management’s assumptions by comparing the coupon rate that was used to discount future dividend payments from the preferred units to observable market data. We also assessed the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Operating Partnership in its valuation. In addition, we involved our valuation specialists to assist in our evaluation of the methodology used by the Operating Partnership and the underlying inputs and assumptions noted above.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Operating Partnership’s auditor since 2012.

Memphis, Tennessee

February 14, 2023

F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) and our report dated February 14, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Memphis, Tennessee

February 14, 2023

F-3

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

			December 31, 2021
Assets
Real estate assets:
Land	2,008,364		$	1,977,813
Buildings and improvements and other	12,841,947			12,454,439
Development and capital improvements in progress	332,035			247,970
	15,182,346			14,680,222
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(4,302,747	)		(3,848,161	)
	10,879,599			10,832,061
Undeveloped land	64,312			24,015
Investment in real estate joint venture	42,290			42,827
Real estate assets, net	10,986,201			10,898,903
Cash and cash equivalents	38,659			54,302
Restricted cash	22,412			76,296
Other assets	193,893			255,681
Total assets	11,241,165		$	11,285,182
Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Unsecured notes payable	4,050,910		$	4,151,375
Secured notes payable	363,993			365,315
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	615,843			584,400
Total liabilities	5,030,746			5,101,090
Redeemable common stock	20,671			30,185
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized; 8.50% Series I Cumulative Redeemable Shares, liquidation preference 50.00 per share, 867,846 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	9			9
Common stock, 0.01 par value per share, 145,000,000 shares authorized; 115,480,336 and 115,336,876 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (1)	1,152			1,151
Additional paid-in capital	7,202,834			7,230,956
Accumulated distributions in excess of net income	(1,188,854	)		(1,255,807	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10,052	)		(11,132	)
Total MAA shareholders’ equity	6,005,089			5,965,177
Noncontrolling interests - OP Units	163,595			165,116
Total Company’s shareholders’ equity	6,168,684			6,130,293
Noncontrolling interests - consolidated real estate entities	21,064			23,614
Total equity	6,189,748			6,153,907
Total liabilities and equity	11,241,165		$	11,285,182

All values are in US Dollars.

(1) Number of shares issued and outstanding represents total shares of common stock regardless of classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The number of shares classified as redeemable common stock on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are 136,429 and 131,559, respectively.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-4

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

	2022			2021			2020
Revenues:
Rental and other property revenues	$	2,019,866		$	1,778,082		$	1,677,984
Expenses:
Operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes and insurance		435,108			404,288			387,966
Real estate taxes and insurance		288,586			266,877			252,505
Depreciation and amortization		542,998			533,433			510,842
Total property operating expenses		1,266,692			1,204,598			1,151,313
Property management expenses		65,463			55,732			52,300
General and administrative expenses		58,833			52,884			46,858
Interest expense		154,747			156,881			167,562
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		(214,762	)		(220,428	)		(9	)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		(809	)		(811	)		(1,024	)
Other non-operating expense (income)		42,713			(33,902	)		(4,857	)
Income before income tax benefit (expense)		646,989			563,128			265,841
Income tax benefit (expense)		6,208			(13,637	)		(3,327	)
Income from continuing operations before real estate joint venture activity		653,197			549,491			262,514
Income from real estate joint venture		1,579			1,211			1,501
Net income		654,776			550,702			264,015
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		17,340			16,911			9,053
Net income available for shareholders		637,436			533,791			254,962
Dividends to MAA Series I preferred shareholders		3,688			3,688			3,688
Net income available for MAA common shareholders	$	633,748		$	530,103		$	251,274
Earnings per common share - basic:
Net income available for MAA common shareholders	$	5.49		$	4.62		$	2.20
Earnings per common share - diluted:
Net income available for MAA common shareholders	$	5.48		$	4.61		$	2.19

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-5

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)

	2022			2021			2020
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Other comprehensive income:
Adjustment for net losses reclassified to net income from<br> derivative instruments		1,114			1,114			1,088
Total comprehensive income		655,890			551,816			265,103
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(17,374	)		(17,029	)		(9,091	)
Comprehensive income attributable to MAA	$	638,516		$	534,787		$	256,012

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-6

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Equity

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars and shares in thousands)

																					Noncontrolling
				Common Stock					Additional			Accumulated<br>Distributions			Accumulated<br>Other			Noncontrolling<br>Interests -			Interests -<br>Consolidated						Redeemable
		Amount		Shares			Amount		Paid-In<br>Capital			in Excess of<br>Net Income			Comprehensive<br>Loss			Operating<br>Partnership			Real Estate<br>Entities			Total Equity			Common<br>Stock
EQUITY BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2019	868	$	9		114,139		$	1,140	$	7,166,073		$	(1,085,479	)	$	(13,178	)	$	214,647		$	6,247		$	6,289,459		$	14,131
Net income	—		—		—			—		—			254,962			—			9,053			—			264,015			—
Other comprehensive income - derivative instruments	—		—		—			—		—			—			1,050			38			—			1,088			—
Issuance and registration of common shares	—		—		157			1		(209	)		—			—			—			—			(208	)		1,629
Shares repurchased and retired	—		—		(55	)		—		(5,657	)		—			—			—			—			(5,657	)		—
Exercise of stock options	—		—		1			—		71			—			—			—			—			71			—
Shares issued in exchange for common units	—		—		10			—		502			—			—			(502	)		—			—			—
Redeemable stock fair market value adjustment	—		—		—			—		—			363			—			—			—			363			(363	)
Adjustment for noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership	—		—		—			—		(25	)		—			—			25			—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—		—		—			—		16,038			—			—			—			—			16,038			—
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—			—		—			(3,688	)		—			—			—			(3,688	)		—
Dividends on common stock (4.0250 per share)	—		—		—			—		—			(460,340	)		—			—			—			(460,340	)		—
Dividends on noncontrolling interests units (4.0250 per unit)	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			(16,334	)		—			(16,334	)		—
Contributions from noncontrolling interest	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			—			3,601			3,601			—
EQUITY BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2020	868	$	9		114,252		$	1,141	$	7,176,793		$	(1,294,182	)	$	(12,128	)	$	206,927		$	9,848		$	6,088,408		$	15,397
Net income	—		—		—			—		—			533,791			—			16,911			—			550,702			—
Other comprehensive income - derivative instruments	—		—		—			—		—			—			996			118			—			1,114			—
Issuance and registration of common shares	—		—		147			2		(431	)		—			—			—			—			(429	)		1,657
Shares repurchased and retired	—		—		(64	)		—		(9,043	)		—			—			—			—			(9,043	)		—
Exercise of stock options	—		—		19			—		1,478			—			—			—			—			1,478			—
Shares issued in exchange for common units	—		—		851			8		43,284			—			—			(43,292	)		—			—			—
Redeemable stock fair market value adjustment	—		—		—			—		—			(13,131	)		—			—			—			(13,131	)		13,131
Adjustment for noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership	—		—		—			—		723			—			—			(723	)		—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—		—		—			—		18,152			—			—			—			—			18,152			—
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—			—		—			(3,688	)		—			—			—			(3,688	)		—
Dividends on common stock (4.1625 per share)	—		—		—			—		—			(478,597	)		—			—			—			(478,597	)		—
Dividends on noncontrolling interests units (4.1625 per unit)	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			(14,825	)		—			(14,825	)		—
Contributions from noncontrolling interest	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			—			13,766			13,766			—
EQUITY BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2021	868	$	9		115,205		$	1,151	$	7,230,956		$	(1,255,807	)	$	(11,132	)	$	165,116		$	23,614		$	6,153,907		$	30,185
Net income (loss)	—		—		—			—		—			637,436			—			17,633			(293	)		654,776			—
Other comprehensive income - derivative instruments	—		—		—			—		—			—			1,080			34			—			1,114			—
Issuance and registration of common shares	—		—		169			1		(124	)		—			—			—			—			(123	)		1,687
Shares repurchased and retired	—		—		(71	)		—		(14,043	)		—			—			—			—			(14,043	)		—
Exercise of stock options	—		—		—			—		28			—			—			—			—			28			—
Shares issued in exchange for common units	—		—		41			—		2,118			—			—			(2,118	)		—			—			—
Shares reclassified to liabilities	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			(2,148	)
Redeemable stock fair market value adjustment	—		—		—			—		—			9,053			—			—			—			9,053			(9,053	)
Adjustment for noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership	—		—		—			—		1,199			—			—			(1,199	)		—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—		—		—			—		20,143			—			—			—			—			20,143			—
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—			—		—			(3,688	)		—			—			—			(3,688	)		—
Dividends on common stock (4.9875 per share)	—		—		—			—		—			(575,848	)		—			—			—			(575,848	)		—
Dividends on noncontrolling interests units (4.9875 per unit)	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			(15,871	)		—			(15,871	)		—
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest	—		—		—			—		(37,443	)		—			—			—			(5,627	)		(43,070	)		—
Contributions from noncontrolling interest	—		—		—			—		—			—			—			—			3,370			3,370			—
EQUITY BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2022	868	$	9		115,344		$	1,152	$	7,202,834		$	(1,188,854	)	$	(10,052	)	$	163,595		$	21,064		$	6,189,748		$	20,671

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-7

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)

	2022			2021			2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		544,004			534,415			511,678
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		(214,762	)		(220,428	)		(9	)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		(809	)		(811	)		(1,024	)
Loss (gain) on embedded derivative in preferred shares		21,107			4,560			(2,562	)
Stock compensation expense		18,798			16,665			14,329
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums		6,064			5,652			4,960
Loss (gain) on investments		45,357			(51,713	)		(5,608	)
Net change in operating accounts and other operating activities		(16,056	)		55,925			38,170
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,058,479			894,967			823,949
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of real estate and other assets		(271,428	)		(46,028	)		(56,965	)
Capital improvements and other		(296,176	)		(279,635	)		(225,506	)
Development costs		(172,124	)		(231,642	)		(201,435	)
Distributions from real estate joint venture		538			497			349
Contributions to affiliates		(13,849	)		(4,669	)		(5,349	)
Proceeds from real estate asset dispositions		320,491			293,071			2,618
Proceeds from insurance recoveries		27,312			14,820			1,557
Net cash used in investing activities		(405,236	)		(253,586	)		(484,731	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		—			—			255,000
Repayments of revolving credit facility		—			—			(255,000	)
Net proceeds from (payments of) commercial paper		20,000			(172,000	)		102,000
Proceeds from notes payable		—			594,423			447,593
Principal payments on notes payable		(126,401	)		(467,153	)		(441,108	)
Payment of deferred financing costs		(5,516	)		(5,940	)		(4,217	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		(14,927	)		(15,497	)		(16,243	)
Dividends paid on common shares		(539,605	)		(470,401	)		(457,355	)
Dividends paid on preferred shares		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests		(43,070	)		—			—
Net change in other financing activities		(9,563	)		(6,142	)		(1,126	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(722,770	)		(546,398	)		(374,144	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(69,527	)		94,983			(34,926	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		130,598			35,615			70,541
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	61,071		$	130,598		$	35,615
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at period end:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	38,659		$	54,302		$	25,198
Restricted cash		22,412			76,296			10,417
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	61,071		$	130,598		$	35,615
Supplemental information:
Interest paid	$	157,497		$	158,630		$	165,098
Income taxes paid		3,490			2,543			2,549
Non-cash transactions:
Conversion of OP Units to shares of common stock	$	2,118		$	43,292		$	502
Accrued construction in progress		16,484			15,123			19,625
Interest capitalized		8,728			9,720			6,912

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-8

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollars in thousands)

	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Assets
Real estate assets:
Land	$	2,008,364		$	1,977,813
Buildings and improvements and other		12,841,947			12,454,439
Development and capital improvements in progress		332,035			247,970
		15,182,346			14,680,222
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(4,302,747	)		(3,848,161	)
		10,879,599			10,832,061
Undeveloped land		64,312			24,015
Investment in real estate joint venture		42,290			42,827
Real estate assets, net		10,986,201			10,898,903
Cash and cash equivalents		38,659			54,302
Restricted cash		22,412			76,296
Other assets		193,893			255,681
Total assets	$	11,241,165		$	11,285,182
Liabilities and capital
Liabilities:
Unsecured notes payable	$	4,050,910		$	4,151,375
Secured notes payable		363,993			365,315
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		615,843			584,400
Due to general partner		19			19
Total liabilities		5,030,765			5,101,109
Redeemable common units		20,671			30,185
Operating Partnership capital:
Preferred units, 867,846 preferred units outstanding as of December 31, 2022<br> and December 31, 2021, respectively		66,840			66,840
General partner, 115,480,336 and 115,336,876 OP Units outstanding as of<br> December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (1)		5,948,498			5,909,700
Limited partners, 3,164,933 and 3,206,118 OP Units outstanding as of<br> December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (1)		163,595			165,116
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(10,268	)		(11,382	)
Total operating partners’ capital		6,168,665			6,130,274
Noncontrolling interests - consolidated real estate entities		21,064			23,614
Total equity		6,189,729			6,153,888
Total liabilities and equity	$	11,241,165		$	11,285,182

(1) Number of units outstanding represents total OP Units regardless of classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The number of units classified as redeemable common units on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are 136,429 and 131,559, respectively.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-9

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands, except per unit data)

	2022			2021			2020
Revenues:
Rental and other property revenues	$	2,019,866		$	1,778,082		$	1,677,984
Expenses:
Operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes and insurance		435,108			404,288			387,966
Real estate taxes and insurance		288,586			266,877			252,505
Depreciation and amortization		542,998			533,433			510,842
Total property operating expenses		1,266,692			1,204,598			1,151,313
Property management expenses		65,463			55,732			52,300
General and administrative expenses		58,833			52,884			46,858
Interest expense		154,747			156,881			167,562
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		(214,762	)		(220,428	)		(9	)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		(809	)		(811	)		(1,024	)
Other non-operating expense (income)		42,713			(33,902	)		(4,857	)
Income before income tax benefit (expense)		646,989			563,128			265,841
Income tax benefit (expense)		6,208			(13,637	)		(3,327	)
Income from continuing operations before real estate joint venture activity		653,197			549,491			262,514
Income from real estate joint venture		1,579			1,211			1,501
Net income		654,776			550,702			264,015
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(293	)		—			—
Net income available for MAALP unitholders		655,069			550,702			264,015
Distributions to MAALP preferred unitholders		3,688			3,688			3,688
Net income available for MAALP common unitholders	$	651,381		$	547,014		$	260,327
Earnings per common unit - basic:
Net income available for MAALP common unitholders	$	5.49		$	4.62		$	2.20
Earnings per common unit - diluted:
Net income available for MAALP common unitholders	$	5.48		$	4.61		$	2.20

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-10

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)

	2022		2021		2020
Net income	$	654,776	$	550,702	$	264,015
Other comprehensive income:
Adjustment for net losses reclassified to net income from<br> derivative instruments		1,114		1,114		1,088
Total comprehensive income		655,890		551,816		265,103
Add: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		293		—		—
Comprehensive income attributable to MAALP	$	656,183	$	551,816	$	265,103

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-11

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)

												Noncontrolling
			General<br>Partner			Preferred<br>Units			Accumulated<br>Other<br>Comprehensive<br>Loss			Interests -<br>Consolidated<br>Real Estate<br>Entities			Total<br>Partnership<br>Capital			Redeemable<br>Common Units
CAPITAL BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2019	214,647		$	6,015,290		$	66,840		$	(13,584	)	$	6,247		$	6,289,440		$	14,131
Net income	9,053			251,274			3,688			—			—			264,015			—
Other comprehensive loss - derivative instruments	—			—			—			1,088			—			1,088			—
Issuance of units	—			(208	)		—			—			—			(208	)		1,629
Units repurchased and retired	—			(5,657	)		—			—			—			(5,657	)		—
Exercise of unit options	—			71			—			—			—			71			—
General partner units issued in exchange for limited partner units	(502	)		502			—			—			—			—			—
Redeemable units fair market value adjustment	—			363			—			—			—			363			(363	)
Adjustment for limited partners’ capital at redemption value	63			(63	)		—			—			—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—			16,038			—			—			—			16,038			—
Distributions to preferred unitholders	—			—			(3,688	)		—			—			(3,688	)		—
Distributions to common unitholders (4.0250 per unit)	(16,334	)		(460,340	)		—			—			—			(476,674	)		—
Contribution from noncontrolling interest	—			—			—			—			3,601			3,601			—
CAPITAL BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2020	206,927		$	5,817,270		$	66,840		$	(12,496	)	$	9,848		$	6,088,389		$	15,397
Net income	16,911			530,103			3,688			—			—			550,702			—
Other comprehensive income - derivative instruments	—			—			—			1,114			—			1,114			—
Issuance of units	—			(429	)		—			—			—			(429	)		1,657
Units repurchased and retired	—			(9,043	)		—			—			—			(9,043	)		—
Exercise of unit options	—			1,478			—			—			—			1,478			—
General partner units issued in exchange for limited partner units	(43,292	)		43,292			—			—			—			—			—
Redeemable units fair market value adjustment	—			(13,131	)		—			—			—			(13,131	)		13,131
Adjustment for limited partners’ capital at redemption value	(605	)		605			—			—			—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—			18,152			—			—			—			18,152			—
Distributions to preferred unitholders	—			—			(3,688	)		—			—			(3,688	)		—
Distributions to common unitholders (4.1625 per unit)	(14,825	)		(478,597	)		—			—			—			(493,422	)		—
Contribution from noncontrolling interest	—			—			—			—			13,766			13,766			—
CAPITAL BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2021	165,116		$	5,909,700		$	66,840		$	(11,382	)	$	23,614		$	6,153,888		$	30,185
Net income (loss)	17,633			633,748			3,688			—			(293	)		654,776			—
Other comprehensive income - derivative instruments	—			—			—			1,114			—			1,114			—
Issuance of units	—			(123	)		—			—			—			(123	)		1,687
Units repurchased and retired	—			(14,043	)		—			—			—			(14,043	)		—
Exercise of unit options	—			28			—			—			—			28			—
General partner units issued in exchange for limited partner units	(2,118	)		2,118			—			—			—			—			—
Shares reclassified to liabilities	—			—			—			—			—			—			(2,148	)
Redeemable units fair market value adjustment	—			9,053			—			—			—			9,053			(9,053	)
Adjustment for limited partners’ capital at redemption value	(1,165	)		1,165			—			—			—			—			—
Amortization of unearned compensation	—			20,143			—			—			—			20,143			—
Distributions to preferred unitholders	—			—			(3,688	)		—			—			(3,688	)		—
Distributions to common unitholders (4.9875 per unit)	(15,871	)		(575,848	)		—			—			—			(591,719	)		—
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest	—			(37,443	)		—			—			(5,627	)		(43,070	)		—
Contribution from noncontrolling interest	—			—			—			—			3,370			3,370			—
CAPITAL BALANCE DECEMBER 31, 2022	163,595		$	5,948,498		$	66,840		$	(10,268	)	$	21,064		$	6,189,729		$	20,671

All values are in US Dollars.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-12

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in thousands)

	2022			2021			2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		544,004			534,415			511,678
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		(214,762	)		(220,428	)		(9	)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		(809	)		(811	)		(1,024	)
Loss (gain) on embedded derivative in preferred shares		21,107			4,560			(2,562	)
Stock compensation expense		18,798			16,665			14,329
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums		6,064			5,652			4,960
Loss (gain) on investments		45,357			(51,713	)		(5,608	)
Net change in operating accounts and other operating activities		(16,056	)		55,925			38,170
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,058,479			894,967			823,949
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of real estate and other assets		(271,428	)		(46,028	)		(56,965	)
Capital improvements and other		(296,176	)		(279,635	)		(225,506	)
Development costs		(172,124	)		(231,642	)		(201,435	)
Distributions from real estate joint venture		538			497			349
Contributions to affiliates		(13,849	)		(4,669	)		(5,349	)
Proceeds from real estate asset dispositions		320,491			293,071			2,618
Proceeds from insurance recoveries		27,312			14,820			1,557
Net cash used in investing activities		(405,236	)		(253,586	)		(484,731	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		—			—			255,000
Repayments of revolving credit facility		—			—			(255,000	)
Net proceeds from (payments of) commercial paper		20,000			(172,000	)		102,000
Proceeds from notes payable		—			594,423			447,593
Principal payments on notes payable		(126,401	)		(467,153	)		(441,108	)
Payment of deferred financing costs		(5,516	)		(5,940	)		(4,217	)
Distributions paid on common units		(554,532	)		(485,898	)		(473,598	)
Distributions paid on preferred units		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests		(43,070	)		—			—
Net change in other financing activities		(9,563	)		(6,142	)		(1,126	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(722,770	)		(546,398	)		(374,144	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(69,527	)		94,983			(34,926	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		130,598			35,615			70,541
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	61,071		$	130,598		$	35,615
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at period end:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	38,659		$	54,302		$	25,198
Restricted cash		22,412			76,296			10,417
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	61,071		$	130,598		$	35,615
Supplemental information:
Interest paid	$	157,497		$	158,630		$	165,098
Income taxes paid		3,490			2,543			2,549
Non-cash transactions:
Accrued construction in progress	$	16,484		$	15,123		$	19,625
Interest capitalized		8,728			9,720			6,912

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-13

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

1.Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to the “Company” refer collectively to Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, including Mid-America Apartments, L.P. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “MAA” refer only to Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., and not any of its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, the references to the “Operating Partnership” or “MAALP” refer to Mid-America Apartments, L.P., together with its consolidated subsidiaries. “Common stock” refers to the common stock of MAA, “preferred stock” refers to the preferred stock of MAA, and “shareholders” refers to the holders of shares of MAA’s common stock or preferred stock, as applicable. The common units of limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership are referred to as “OP Units,” and the holders of the OP Units are referred to as “common unitholders”.

As of December 31, 2022, MAA owned 115,480,336 OP Units (or 97.3% of the total number of OP Units). MAA conducts substantially all of its business and holds substantially all of its assets, directly or indirectly, through the Operating Partnership, and by virtue of its ownership of the OP Units and being the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, MAA has the ability to control all of the day-to-day operations of the Operating Partnership.

Management believes combining the notes to the consolidated financial statements of MAA and the Operating Partnership results in the following benefits:

• enhances a readers’ understanding of MAA and the Operating Partnership by enabling the reader to view the business as a whole in the same manner that management views and operates the business;

• eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation since a substantial portion of the disclosure applies to both MAA and the Operating Partnership; and

• creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined set of notes instead of two separate sets.

MAA, an S&P 500 company, is a multifamily-focused, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. Management operates MAA and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of the Company is comprised of individuals who are officers of MAA and employees of the Operating Partnership. Management believes it is important to understand the few differences between MAA and the Operating Partnership in the context of how MAA and the Operating Partnership operate as a consolidated company. MAA and the Operating Partnership are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT. MAA’s interest in the Operating Partnership entitles MAA to share in cash distributions from, and in the profits and losses of, the Operating Partnership in proportion to MAA’s percentage interest therein and entitles MAA to vote on substantially all matters requiring a vote of the partners. MAA’s only material asset is its ownership of limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership (other than cash held by MAA from time to time); therefore, MAA’s primary function is acting as the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, issuing public equity from time to time and guaranteeing certain debt of the Operating Partnership from time to time. The Operating Partnership holds, directly or indirectly, all of the Company’s real estate assets. Except for net proceeds from public equity issuances by MAA, which are contributed to the Operating Partnership in exchange for limited partnership interests, the Operating Partnership generates the capital required by the business through the Operating Partnership’s operations, direct or indirect incurrence of indebtedness and issuance of OP Units.

The presentations of MAA’s shareholders’ equity and the Operating Partnership’s capital are the principal areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of MAA and those of the Operating Partnership. MAA’s shareholders’ equity may include shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock, additional paid-in capital, cumulative earnings, cumulative distributions, noncontrolling interests, treasury shares, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and redeemable common stock. The Operating Partnership’s capital may include common capital and preferred capital of the general partner (MAA), limited partners’ common capital and preferred capital, noncontrolling interests, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and redeemable common units. Holders of OP Units (other than MAA) may require the Operating Partnership to redeem their OP Units from time to time, in which case the Operating Partnership may, at its option, pay the redemption price either in cash (in an amount per OP Unit equal, in general, to the average closing price of MAA’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, over a specified period prior to the redemption date) or by delivering one share of MAA’s common stock (subject to adjustment under specified circumstances) for each OP Unit so redeemed.

F-14

Organization of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

The Company owns, operates, acquires and selectively develops apartment communities primarily located in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned and operated 290 apartment communities (which does not include development communities under construction) through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries and had an ownership interest in one apartment community through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture. As of December 31, 2022, the Company also had six development communities under construction, totaling 2,310 apartment units once complete. Total expected costs for the six development projects are $728.7 million, of which $291.7 million had been incurred through December 31, 2022. The Company expects to complete two of these developments in 2023, two in 2024 and two in 2025. As of December 31, 2022, 34 of the Company’s apartment communities included retail components. The Company’s apartment communities, including development communities under construction, were located across 16 states and the District of Columbia as of December 31, 2022.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company’s management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. The consolidated financial statements of MAA presented herein include the accounts of MAA, the Operating Partnership and all other subsidiaries in which MAA has a controlling financial interest. MAA owns, directly or indirectly, approximately 80% to 100% of all consolidated subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership. In management’s opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements have been included, and all such adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company invests in entities that may qualify as variable interest entities, or VIEs, and MAALP is considered a VIE. A VIE is a legal entity in which the equity investors lack sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or, as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk lack the power to direct the activities of a legal entity as well as the obligation to absorb its expected losses or the right to receive its expected residual returns. MAALP is classified as a VIE because the limited partners lack substantive kick-out rights and substantive participating rights. The Company consolidates all VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary and uses the equity method to account for investments that qualify as VIEs but for which it is not the primary beneficiary. In determining whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, management considers both qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to, those activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities. The Company uses the equity method of accounting for its investments in entities for which the Company exercises significant influence but does not have the ability to exercise control. The factors considered in determining whether the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence or control include ownership of voting interests and participatory rights of investors (see “Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates” below).

Noncontrolling Interests

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had two types of noncontrolling interests with respect to its consolidated subsidiaries: (1) noncontrolling interests related to the common unitholders of its Operating Partnership; and (2) noncontrolling interests related to its consolidated real estate entities. The noncontrolling interests relating to the limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership are owned by the holders of the Class A OP Units. MAA is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and holds all of the outstanding Class B OP Units. Net income (after allocations to preferred ownership interests) is allocated to MAA and the noncontrolling interests based on their respective ownership percentages of the Operating Partnership. Issuance of additional Class A OP Units or Class B OP Units changes the ownership percentage of both the noncontrolling interests and MAA. The issuance of Class B OP Units generally occurs when MAA issues common stock and the issuance proceeds are contributed to the Operating Partnership in exchange for Class B OP Units equal to the number of shares of MAA’s common stock issued. At each reporting period, the allocation between total MAA shareholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests is adjusted to account for the change in the respective percentage ownership of the underlying equity of the Operating Partnership. MAA’s Board of Directors established economic rights in respect to each Class A OP Unit that were equivalent to the economic rights in respect to each share of MAA common stock. See Note 9 for additional details.

The noncontrolling interests relating to the Company’s five consolidated real estate entities are owned by private real estate companies that are generally responsible for the development, construction and lease-up of the apartment communities that are owned through the consolidated real estate entities with a noncontrolling interest. The entities were determined to be VIE’s with the Company designated as the primary beneficiary. As a result, the accounts of the entities are consolidated by the Company. As of December 31, 2022, the consolidated assets of the Company’s consolidated real estate entities with a noncontrolling interest were $279.6 million, and consolidated liabilities were $14.5 million. As of December 31, 2021, the consolidated assets of the Company’s consolidated real estate entities with a noncontrolling interest were $252.8 million, and consolidated liabilities were $15.9 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid $43.1 million to acquire the noncontrolling interest of one consolidated real estate entity.

F-15

Real Estate Assets and Depreciation and Amortization

Real estate assets are carried at depreciated cost and consist of land, buildings and improvements and other, and development and capital improvements in progress (see “Development Costs” below). Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, while significant improvements, renovations and recurring capital replacements are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Recurring capital replacements typically include scheduled carpet replacement, new roofs, HVAC units, plumbing, concrete, masonry and other paving, pools and various exterior building improvements. In addition to these costs, the Company also capitalizes salary costs directly identifiable with renovation work. These expenditures extend the useful life of the property and increase the property’s fair market value. The cost of interior painting and blinds are typically expensed as incurred.

Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which range from three to 40 years. The line item “Buildings and improvements and other” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets includes land improvements and buildings, which have a useful life ranging from five to 40 years, as well as furniture, fixtures and equipment, which have a useful life of three to five years.

Development Costs

Development projects and the related carrying costs, including interest, property taxes, insurance and allocated direct development salary costs during the construction period, are capitalized and reported in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as “Development and capital improvements in progress” during the construction period. Interest is capitalized in accordance with accounting standards governing the capitalization of interest. Upon completion and certification for occupancy of individual buildings or floors within a development, amounts representing the completed portion of total estimated development costs for the project are transferred to “Buildings and improvements and other” as real estate held for investment. Capitalization of interest, property taxes, insurance and allocated direct development salary costs cease upon the transfer. The assets are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Total capitalized costs (including capitalized interest, property taxes, insurance and salaries) during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $14.4 million, $16.6 million and $12.7 million, respectively. Certain costs associated with the lease-up of development projects, including cost of model units, furnishings and signs, are capitalized and amortized over their respective estimated useful lives. All other costs relating to renting development projects are expensed as incurred.

Acquisition of Real Estate Assets

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations, most acquisitions of operating properties qualify as an asset acquisition. Accordingly, the cost of the real estate acquired, including acquisition costs, is allocated to the acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings and improvements and other, and identified intangible assets, consisting of the value of in-place leases and other contracts, on a relative fair value basis. Acquisition costs include appraisal fees, title fees, broker fees and other legal costs to acquire the property.

The purchase price of an acquired property is allocated based on the relative fair value of the individual components as a proportion of the total assets acquired. The Company allocates the cost of the tangible assets of an acquired property by valuing the building as if it were vacant, based on management’s determination of the relative fair values of these assets. Management determines the as-if-vacant fair value of a building using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers. These methods include using stabilized net operating income, or NOI, and market specific capitalization and discount rates. The Company allocates the cost of land based on its relative fair value if acquired with a multifamily community or records the value based on the purchase price paid if acquired separately. In allocating the cost of identified intangible assets of an acquired property, the in-place leases are valued based on current rent rates and time and cost to lease a unit. Management concluded that the residential leases acquired in connection with each of its property acquisitions approximate at-market rates since the residential lease terms generally do not extend beyond one year.

For residential leases, the fair value of the in-place leases and resident relationships is amortized over the remaining term of the resident leases. For retail and commercial leases, the fair value of in-place leases and tenant relationships is amortized over the remaining term of the leases. The net amount of these lease intangibles included in “Other assets” were negligible as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with the provisions of accounting standards for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Management periodically evaluates long-lived assets, including investments in real estate, for indicators that would suggest that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The judgments regarding the existence of such indicators are based on factors such as operating performance, market conditions and legal factors. Long-lived assets, such as real estate assets, equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs

F-16

to sell and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group or a property classified as held for sale are presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Undeveloped Land

Undeveloped land includes sites intended for future multifamily developments and sites for future commercial development, which are carried at the lower of cost or fair value in accordance with GAAP. Any costs incurred prior to commencement of pre-development activities are expensed as incurred.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Investments in money market accounts and certificates of deposit with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of security deposits required to be held separately, escrow deposits held by lenders for property taxes, insurance, debt service and replacement reserves, and cash held for exchanges under Section 1031(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. Section 1031(b) exchanges are presented within “Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

The Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in a real estate joint venture and five technology-focused limited partnerships that each qualify as a VIE. Management determined the Company is not the primary beneficiary in any of these investments but does have the ability to exert significant influence over the operations and financial policies of the real estate joint venture and considers its investments in the limited partnerships to be more than minor. The Company’s investment in the real estate joint venture was $42.3 million and $42.8 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company accounts for its investments in the technology-focused limited partnerships on a three month lag due to the timing the limited partnerships’ financial information is made available to the Company. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s investments in the limited partnerships were $36.7 million and $79.4 million, respectively, and are included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, with any related gains and losses, including unrealized gains and losses, recognized in “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The decrease in the Company’s investments in the limited partnerships was driven by the recognition of unrealized losses, which were primarily a result of a decrease in the valuation of an underlying investment that recently became publicly traded and the distribution of publicly traded marketable securities. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $35.4 million of expense, $51.7 million of income and $5.6 million of income, respectively, from its investments in the limited partnerships. As of December 31, 2022, the Company was committed to make additional capital contributions totaling $45.2 million if and when called by the general partners of the limited partnerships.

Other Assets

Other assets consist primarily of receivables, the value of derivative contracts, right-of-use lease assets, investments in technology-focused limited partnerships, marketable equity securities, deferred rental concessions, deferred financing costs relating to the revolving credit facility and commercial paper program and other prepaid expenses. Also included in other assets are the fair market value of in-place leases and resident relationships, net of accumulated amortization.

Marketable Equity Securities

During the year ended December 31, 2022, two of the technology-focused limited partnerships that are accounted for as investments in unconsolidated affiliates distributed publicly traded marketable equity securities to the Company and the other limited partners. The Company’s investment in marketable equity securities is measured at fair value based on the quoted share price of the securities and is included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, with any related gains and losses, including unrealized gains and losses, recognized in “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s investment in the marketable equity securities was $8.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $10.0 million of expense from its investment in marketable equity securities.

F-17

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of accrued dividends payable, accrued real estate taxes, unearned income, right-of-use lease liabilities, accrued payroll, security deposits, accrued interest payable, general liability and workers compensation insurance, accrued construction in progress, net deferred tax liability (see Note 7), accrued loss contingencies (see Note 11), accounts payable and other accrued expenses. The following table reflects a detail of the Company’s “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” balances as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Accrued dividends payable	$	166,103	$	128,916
Accrued real estate taxes		135,510		144,326
Unearned income		65,129		59,937
Right-of-use lease liabilities		28,671		30,251
Accrued payroll		27,667		27,092
Security deposits		26,533		24,660
Accrued interest payable		25,132		26,331
General liability and workers compensation insurance		22,624		23,851
Accrued construction in progress		16,484		15,123
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other		101,990		103,913
Total	$	615,843	$	584,400

Loss Contingencies

The outcomes of claims, disputes and legal proceedings are subject to significant uncertainty. The Company records an accrual for loss contingencies when a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company also accrues an estimate of defense costs expected to be incurred in connection with legal matters. Management reviews these accruals quarterly and makes revisions based on changes in facts and circumstances. When a loss contingency is not both probable and reasonably estimable, management does not accrue the loss. However, if the loss (or an additional loss in excess of the accrual) is at least a reasonable possibility and material, then management discloses a reasonable estimate of the possible loss, or range of loss, if such reasonable estimate can be made. If the Company cannot make a reasonable estimate of the possible loss, or range of loss, then a statement to that effect is disclosed.

The assessment of whether a loss is probable or a reasonable possibility, and whether the loss or range of loss is reasonably estimable, often involves a series of complex judgments about future events. Among the factors considered in this assessment, are the nature of existing legal proceedings and claims, the asserted or possible damages or loss contingency (if reasonably estimable), the progress of the matter, existing law and precedent, the opinions or views of legal counsel and other advisers, management’s experience in similar matters, the facts available to management at the time of assessment, and how the Company intends to respond, or has responded, to the proceeding or claim. Management’s assessment of these factors may change over time as individual proceedings or claims progress. For matters where management is not currently able to reasonably estimate a range of reasonably possible loss, the factors that have contributed to this determination include the following: (i) the damages sought are indeterminate; (ii) the proceedings are in the early stages; (iii) the matters involve novel or unsettled legal theories or a large or uncertain number of actual or potential cases or parties; and/or (iv) discussions with the parties in matters that are ultimately expected to be resolved through negotiation and settlement have not reached the point where management believes a reasonable estimate of loss, or range of loss, can be made. The Company believes that there is considerable uncertainty regarding the timing or ultimate resolution of such matters, including a possible eventual loss or business impact, if any. See Note 11 for additional disclosures regarding loss contingencies.

Equity Forward Sale Agreements

MAA has entered into, and in the future may enter into, forward sale agreements for the sale and issuance of shares of its common stock, either through an underwritten public offering or through MAA’s at-the-market share offering program, or ATM program. When MAA enters into a forward sale agreement, the contract requires MAA to sell its shares to a counterparty at a predetermined price at a future date, which price is subject to adjustment during the term of the contract for MAA’s anticipated dividends as well as for a daily interest factor that varies with changes in the federal funds rate. MAA generally has the ability to determine the dates and method of settlement (i.e., gross physical settlement, net share settlement or cash settlement), subject to certain conditions and the right of the counterparty to accelerate settlement under certain circumstances. The Company accounts for the shares of MAA’s common stock reserved for issuance upon settlement as equity in accordance with ASC Topic 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, which permits equity classification when a contract is considered indexed to its own stock and the contract requires or permits the issuing entity to settle the contract in shares (either physically or net in shares).

The guidance in ASC Topic 815-40 establishes a two-step process for evaluating whether an equity-linked financial instrument is considered indexed to its own stock by evaluating the instrument’s contingent exercise provisions and the instrument’s settlement provisions. In evaluating the forward sale agreements MAA has entered into, management concluded that (i) none of the agreements’ exercise contingencies are based on observable markets or indices besides those related to the market of MAA’s common stock price; and (ii) none of the settlement provisions preclude the agreements from being indexed to MAA’s common stock.

F-18

Before the issuance of shares of MAA’s common stock, upon physical or net share settlement of the forward sale agreements, MAA expects the shares issuable upon settlement of the forward sale agreements will be reflected in its diluted earnings per share calculations using the treasury stock method. Under this method, the number of shares of common stock used in calculating diluted earnings per share is deemed to be increased by the excess, if any, of the number of shares of common stock that would be issued upon full physical settlement of the forward sale agreements over the number of shares of common stock that could be purchased by MAA in the open market (based on the average market price during the period) using the proceeds to be received upon full physical settlement (based on the adjusted forward sale price at the end of the reporting period). When MAA physically or net share settles a forward sale agreement, the delivery of shares of common stock would result in an increase in the number of weighted average common shares outstanding and dilution to basic earnings per share. See Note 8 for additional disclosures regarding equity forward sale agreements.

Revenue Recognition

The Company primarily leases multifamily residential apartments to residents under operating leases generally due on a monthly basis with terms of approximately one year or less. Rental revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases, using a method that represents a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In addition, in circumstances where a lease incentive is provided to residents, the incentive is recognized as a reduction of rental revenues on a straight-line basis over the reasonably assured lease term. Rental revenues represent approximately 94% of the Company’s total revenues and include gross rents charged less adjustments for concessions and bad debt. Approximately 5% of the Company’s total revenues represent non-lease reimbursable property revenues from its residents for utility reimbursements, which are generally recognized and due on a monthly basis as residents obtain control of the service over the term of the lease. The remaining 1% of the Company’s total revenues represents other non-lease property revenues primarily driven by nonrefundable fees and commissions which are recognized when earned.

In accordance with ASC Topic 842, rental revenues and non-lease reimbursable property revenues meet the criteria to be aggregated into a single lease component and are reported on a combined basis in the line item “Rental revenues,” as presented in the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues in Note 13. Other non-lease property revenues are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires revenue recognized outside of the scope of ASC Topic 842 to be recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Other non-lease property revenues are reported in the line item “Other property revenues”, as presented in the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues in Note 13.

Rental Costs

Costs associated with rental activities are expensed as incurred and include advertising expenses, which were $24.4 million, $23.9 million and $23.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Leases

The Company is the lessee under certain ground, office, equipment and other operational leases, all of which are accounted for as operating leases in accordance with ASC Topic 842. The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for all leases where the Company is the lessee with terms of more than twelve months, and a related lease liability for the obligation to make lease payments. Expenses related to leases determined to be operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, right-of-use assets recorded within “Other assets” totaled $44.6 million and $47.0 million, respectively, and related lease liabilities recorded within “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” totaled $28.7 million and $30.3 million, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was immaterial to the Company. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was also immaterial. See Note 11 for additional disclosures regarding leases.

Income Taxes

MAA has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code and intends to continue to operate in such a manner. The current and continuing qualification as a REIT depends on MAA’s ability to meet the various requirements imposed by the Code, which are related to organizational structure, distribution levels, diversity of stock ownership and certain requirements with respect to the nature and diversity of MAA’s assets and sources of MAA’s gross income. As long as MAA qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on its taxable income that is currently distributed to shareholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the “double taxation” (i.e., income taxation at both the corporate and shareholder levels) that generally results from an investment in a corporation. Even if MAA qualifies as a REIT, MAA may be subject to U.S. federal income and excise taxes in certain situations, such as if MAA fails to distribute timely all of its taxable income with respect to a taxable year. MAA also will be required to pay a 100% tax on any net income on non-arm’s length transactions between MAA and one of its taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs. Furthermore, MAA and its shareholders may be subject to state or local taxation in various state or local jurisdictions, including those in which MAA transacts business or its shareholders reside, and the applicable state and local tax laws may not conform to the U.S. federal income tax treatment. Any taxes imposed on MAA would reduce its operating cash flows and net income.

F-19

The Company has elected TRS status for certain of its corporate subsidiaries. As a result, the TRSs incur both federal and state income taxes on any taxable income after consideration of any net operating losses. The TRSs use the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities from a change in tax rate is recognized in earnings in the period of the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement. See Note 7 for additional disclosures regarding income taxes.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies the guidance in ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, to the valuation of real estate assets recorded at fair value, to its impairment valuation analysis of real estate assets and to its valuation and disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments, which primarily consists of marketable equity securities, indebtedness and derivative instruments. Fair value disclosures required under ASC Topic 820 as well as the Company’s derivative accounting policies are summarized in Note 6 utilizing the following hierarchy:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the assets or liability.

Use of Estimates

Management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses to prepare these financial statements and notes in conformity with GAAP. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

F-20

2.Earnings per Common Share of MAA

Basic earnings per share is computed using the two-class method by dividing net income available to MAA common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All outstanding unvested restricted share awards contain rights to non-forfeitable dividends and participate in undistributed earnings with common shareholders and, accordingly, are considered participating securities that are included in the two-class method of computing basic earnings per share. Both the unvested restricted shares and other potentially dilutive common shares, and the related impact to earnings, are considered when calculating earnings per share on a diluted basis with diluted earnings per share being the more dilutive of the treasury stock or two-class methods. OP Units are included in dilutive earnings per share calculations when the units are dilutive to earnings per share.

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, MAA’s diluted earnings per share was computed using the treasury stock method as presented below (dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts):

Calculation of Earnings per common share - basic	2022			2021			2020
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(17,340	)		(16,911	)		(9,053	)
Unvested restricted shares (allocation of earnings)		(438	)		(539	)		(338	)
Dividends to MAA Series I preferred shareholders		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Net income available for MAA common shareholders, adjusted	$	633,310		$	529,564		$	250,936
Weighted average common shares - basic		115,344			114,717			114,188
Earnings per common share - basic	$	5.49		$	4.62		$	2.20
Calculation of Earnings per common share - diluted
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (1)		(17,340	)		(16,911	)		(9,053	)
Dividends to MAA Series I preferred shareholders		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Net income available for MAA common shareholders, adjusted	$	633,748		$	530,103		$	251,274
Weighted average common shares - basic		115,344			114,717			114,188
Effect of dilutive securities		239			322			312
Weighted average common shares - diluted		115,583			115,039			114,500
Earnings per common share - diluted	$	5.48		$	4.61		$	2.19

(1) For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, 3.2 million, 3.7 million and 4.1 million OP Units and their related income are not included in the diluted earnings per share calculations as they are not dilutive.

F-21

3.Earnings per OP Unit of MAALP

Basic earnings per common unit is computed using the two-class method by dividing net income available for common unitholders by the weighted average number of OP Units outstanding during the period. All outstanding unvested restricted unit awards contain rights to non-forfeitable distributions and participate in undistributed earnings with common unitholders and, accordingly, are considered participating securities that are included in the two-class method of computing basic earnings per common unit. Diluted earnings per common unit reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue OP Units were exercised or converted into OP Units. Both the unvested restricted unit awards and other potentially dilutive common units, and the related impact to earnings, are considered when calculating earnings per common unit on a diluted basis with diluted earnings per common unit being the more dilutive of the treasury stock or two-class methods.

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, MAALP’s diluted earnings per common unit was computed using the treasury stock method as presented below (dollars and units in thousands, except per unit amounts):

Calculation of Earnings per common unit - basic	2022			2021			2020
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		293			—			—
Unvested restricted units (allocation of earnings)		(438	)		(539	)		(338	)
Distributions to MAALP preferred unitholders		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Net income available for MAALP common unitholders, adjusted	$	650,943		$	546,475		$	259,989
Weighted average common units - basic		118,538			118,400			118,248
Earnings per common unit - basic	$	5.49		$	4.62		$	2.20
Calculation of Earnings per common unit - diluted
Net income	$	654,776		$	550,702		$	264,015
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		293			—			—
Distributions to MAALP preferred unitholders		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Net income available for MAALP common unitholders, adjusted	$	651,381		$	547,014		$	260,327
Weighted average common units - basic		118,538			118,400			118,248
Effect of dilutive securities		239			322			312
Weighted average common units - diluted		118,777			118,722			118,560
Earnings per common unit - diluted	$	5.48		$	4.61		$	2.20

4.Stock-Based Compensation

Overview

MAA accounts for its stock-based employee compensation plans in accordance with accounting standards governing stock-based compensation. These standards require an entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the award’s fair value on the grant date and recognize the cost over the period during which the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally the vesting period. Any liability awards issued are remeasured at each reporting period.

MAA’s stock compensation plans consist of a number of incentives provided to attract and retain independent directors, executive officers and key employees. Incentives are currently granted under the Second Amended and Restated 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, or the Stock Plan, which was approved at the 2018 annual meeting of MAA shareholders. The Stock Plan allows for the grant of restricted stock and stock options up to 2,000,000 shares. MAA believes that such awards better align the interests of its employees with those of its shareholders.

Compensation expense is generally recognized for service based restricted stock awards using the straight-line method over the vesting period of the shares regardless of cliff or ratable vesting distinctions. Compensation expense for market and performance based restricted stock awards is generally recognized using the accelerated amortization method with each vesting tranche valued as a separate award, with a separate vesting date, consistent with the estimated value of the award at each period end. Additionally, compensation expense is adjusted for actual forfeitures for all awards in the period that the award was forfeited. Compensation expense for stock options is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. MAA presents stock compensation expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in “General and administrative expenses”.

F-22

Total compensation expense under the Stock Plan was $20.1 million, $18.2 million and $16.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Of these amounts, total compensation expense capitalized was $1.3 million, $1.5 million and $1.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the total unrecognized compensation expense was $12.1 million. This cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average period of

0.8

years. Total cash paid for the settlement of plan shares totaled $14.0 million, $9.0 million and $5.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Information concerning grants under the Stock Plan is provided below.

Restricted Stock

In general, restricted stock is earned based on either a service condition, market condition, performance condition or a combination thereof and generally vests ratably over a period from the grant date up to 5 years. Service based awards are earned when the employee remains employed over the requisite service period and are valued on the grant date based upon the market price of MAA common stock on the date of grant. Market based awards are earned when MAA reaches a specified stock price or specified return on the stock price (price appreciation plus dividends) and are valued on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation. Performance based awards are earned when MAA reaches certain operational goals, such as funds available for distribution targets, and are valued based upon the market price of MAA common stock on the date of grant as well as the probability of reaching the stated targets. MAA remeasures the fair value of the performance based awards each balance sheet date with adjustments made on a cumulative basis until the award is settled and the final compensation is known. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of restricted stock awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, was $144.77, $88.22 and $100.53, respectively.

The following is a summary of the key assumptions used in the valuation calculations for market based awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

	2022	2021	2020
Risk free rate	1.010%	0.161%	1.603%
Dividend yield	2.024%	3.341%	3.070%
Volatility	25.84%	28.04%	17.02%
Requisite service period	3 years	3 years	3 years

The risk free rate was based on a zero coupon risk-free rate. The dividend yield was based on the closing stock price of MAA stock on the date of grant. Volatility for MAA was obtained by using a blend of both historical and implied volatility calculations. Historical volatility was based on the standard deviation of daily total continuous returns, and implied volatility was based on the trailing month average of daily implied volatilities interpolating between the volatilities implied by stock call option contracts that were closest to the terms shown and closest to the money. The requisite service period is based on the criteria for the separate restricted stock awards according to the related vesting schedule.

A summary of the status of the nonvested restricted shares as of December 31, 2022, and the changes for the year ended December 31, 2022, is presented below:

Nonvested Shares			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested as of January 1, 2022	161,896		$	115.70
Issued	160,638			91.21
Vested	(195,526	)		82.04
Forfeited	(1,243	)		130.46
Nonvested as of December 31, 2022	125,765		$	136.60

The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $16.0 million, $15.8 million and $13.9 million, respectively.

Stock Options

Options to purchase 463 shares of MAA's common stock were outstanding as of December 31, 2022. No stock options were granted or expired during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. There were 350 options, 19,032 options and 918 options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These exercises resulted in net proceeds that were negligible during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2020 and $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

F-23

5.Borrowings

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

							As of December 31, 2022
Unsecured debt	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			Weighted Average Effective Rate			Weighted Average Contract Maturity
Variable rate commercial paper program	$	20,000		$	—			4.7	%	1/3/2023
Fixed rate senior notes	$	4,050,000		$	4,175,000			3.4	%	5/14/2029
Debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments		(19,090	)		(23,625	)
Total unsecured debt	$	4,050,910		$	4,151,375			3.4	%
Secured debt
Fixed rate property mortgages	$	367,154		$	368,555			4.4	%	10/27/2048
Debt issuance costs		(3,161	)		(3,240	)
Total secured debt	$	363,993		$	365,315			4.4	%
Total outstanding debt	$	4,414,903		$	4,516,690			3.4	%

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

Unsecured Commercial Paper

MAALP has established an unsecured commercial paper program whereby MAALP may issue unsecured commercial paper notes with varying maturities not to exceed

397

days. In September 2022, MAALP amended its commercial paper program to increase the maximum aggregate principal amount of notes that may be outstanding from time to time under the program from $500.0 million to $625.0 million. As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had $20.0 million outstanding under the commercial paper program. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the average daily borrowings outstanding under the commercial paper program were $34.9 million.

Unsecured Senior Notes

As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had $4.1 billion of publicly issued unsecured senior notes outstanding. The unsecured senior notes had maturities at issuance ranging from 5 to 30 years, with a weighted average maturity in 2029.

In September 2022, MAALP retired the remaining $125.0 million portion of its publicly issued unsecured senior notes due in December 2022.

In July 2021, MAALP retired a $72.8 million tranche of privately placed unsecured senior notes at maturity.

In August 2021, MAALP publicly issued $300 million in aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes maturing in 2026 with interest payable semi-annually and a coupon rate of 1.100% per annum, or the 2026 Notes. MAALP also publicly issued $300 million in aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes maturing 2051 with interest payable semi-annually in arrears and a coupon rate of 2.875% per annum, or the 2051 Notes. Both the 2026 Notes and 2051 Notes are general unsecured senior obligations of MAALP and rank equally in right of payment with all other unsecured senior indebtedness of MAALP. The combined net proceeds of the offerings were $590.0 million, after deducting the combined original issue discounts and underwriting commissions totaling $10.0 million.

In September 2021, MAALP retired $149.3 million of privately placed unsecured senior notes and $125.0 million of publicly issued unsecured senior notes. MAALP incurred $13.4 million in prepayment penalties and write-offs of unamortized costs resulting from the debt retirements during the year ended December 31, 2021. These costs are included in “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Secured Property Mortgages

As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had $367.2 million of fixed rate conventional property mortgages with a weighted average maturity in

2048

. In February 2021, MAALP retired a $118.6 million mortgage associated with eight apartment communities.

F-24

Schedule of Maturities

The following table includes scheduled principal repayments of MAALP’s outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2022, as well as the amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts, premiums and fair market value adjustments (in thousands):

	Maturities		Amortization			Total
2023	$	370,000	$	(491	)	$	369,509
2024		400,000		(1,158	)		398,842
2025		403,861		(2,110	)		401,751
2026		300,000		(2,798	)		297,202
2027		600,000		(3,452	)		596,548
Thereafter		2,363,293		(12,242	)		2,351,051
Total	$	4,437,154	$	(22,251	)	$	4,414,903

6.Financial Instruments and Derivatives

Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accrued expenses and other liabilities are carried at amounts that reasonably approximate their fair value due to their short term nature.

Fixed rate notes payable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 totaled $4.4 billion and $4.5 billion, respectively, and had estimated fair values of $3.9 billion and $4.8 billion (excluding prepayment penalties) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The fair values of fixed rate debt are determined by using the present value of future cash outflows discounted with the applicable current market rate plus a credit spread. The carrying value of variable rate debt as of December 31, 2022 totaled $20.0 million and had an estimated fair value of $20.0 million as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no variable rate debt outstanding. The fair value of variable rate debt is determined using the stated variable rate plus the current market credit spread. The variable rates reset at various maturities typically less than 30 days, and management concluded these rates reasonably estimate current market rates.

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had one outstanding series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock, which is referred to as the MAA Series I preferred stock (see Note 8). The Company has recognized a derivative asset related to the redemption feature embedded in the MAA Series I preferred stock. The derivative asset is valued using widely accepted valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow analysis in which the perpetual value of the preferred shares is compared to the value of the preferred shares assuming the call option is exercised, with the value of the bifurcated call option as the difference between the two values. The analysis reflects the contractual terms of the redeemable preferred shares, which are redeemable at the Company’s option beginning on October 1, 2026 at the redemption price of $50.00 per share. The Company uses various inputs in the analysis, including trading data available on the preferred shares, estimated coupon yields on preferred stock instruments from REITs with similar credit ratings as MAA and treasury rates to estimate the fair value of the bifurcated call option.

The redemption feature embedded in the MAA Series I preferred stock is reported as a derivative asset in “Other assets” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and is adjusted to its fair value at each reporting date, with a corresponding non-cash adjustment to “Other non-operating expense (income)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of the embedded derivative was $13.4 million and $34.5 million, respectively.

The Company has determined the majority of the inputs used to value its outstanding debt and its embedded derivative fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, and as a result, the fair value valuations of its debt and embedded derivative held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company’s marketable equity securities discussed in Note 1 is based on quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Terminated Cash Flow Hedges of Interest

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $10.1 million recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss”, or AOCL, related to realized losses associated with terminated interest rate swaps that were designated as cash flow hedging instruments prior to their termination. The realized losses associated with the terminated interest rate swaps are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s debt and will continue to be reclassified to interest expense until the debt’s maturity. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates an additional $1.3 million will be reclassified to earnings as an increase to “Interest expense.”

F-25

Tabular Disclosure of the Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations

The tables below present the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively (dollars in thousands):

Derivatives in Cash Flow	Location of Loss Reclassified	Net Loss Reclassified from AOCL into Interest Expense
Hedging Relationships	from AOCL into Income	2022			2021			2020
Terminated interest rate swaps	Interest expense	$	(1,114	)	$	(1,114	)	$	(1,088	)
Derivatives Not Designated	Location of (Loss) Gain Recognized	(Loss) Gain Recognized in Earnings on Derivative
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
as Hedging Instruments	in Earnings on Derivative	2022			2021			2020
Preferred stock embedded derivative	Other non-operating expense (income)	$	(21,107	)	$	(4,560	)	$	2,562

7.Income Taxes

Due to the structure of MAA as a REIT and the nature of the operations of its operating properties, no provision for federal income taxes has been made at the MAA level. In addition, as MAALP is structured as a limited partnership, and its partners recognize their proportionate share of income or loss in their tax returns, no provision for federal income taxes has been made at the MAALP level. Historically, the Company has incurred certain state and local income, excise and franchise taxes.

Taxable REIT Subsidiaries

A TRS is an entity that is subject to federal, state and any applicable local corporate income tax without the benefit of the dividends paid deduction applicable to REITs. The Company’s TRSs generated taxable loss of $45.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and taxable income of $51.8 million and $5.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and income tax benefit of $9.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and income tax expense of $10.9 million and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. One of the Company’s TRSs generally provides the Company with services (property management services to a real estate joint venture and other services) for which the Company reimburses the TRS. In addition, one of the Company’s TRSs owns the investments in the technology-focused limited partnerships and marketable securities that generate investment income and losses. The investment income or loss is recognized for tax purposes at the time of sale or exchange of the investment.

In addition to the TRSs income tax provision, income tax expense primarily relates to the Texas-based margin tax for all Texas apartment communities. Income tax benefit for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $6.2 million and income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $13.6 million and $3.3 million, respectively, and is presented in “Income tax benefit (expense)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the components of the Company’s TRSs deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred tax asset:
Other	$	—	$	328
Deferred tax liability:
Unrealized gain from limited partnerships	$	1,122	$	12,946
Unrealized gain from marketable securities & other		1,700		246
Total deferred tax liability	$	2,822	$	13,192
Net deferred tax liability	$	2,822	$	12,864

The net deferred tax liability balances are reflected in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The TRSs have no reserve for uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and management does not believe there will be any material changes in the TRSs unrecognized tax positions over the next 12 months. If necessary, the TRSs accrue interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.

Net Operating Loss Carryforwards

As of December 31, 2022, the Company held federal net operating loss, or NOL, carryforwards of $54.2 million for income tax purposes that expire in the years 2023 to 2032. Utilization of any NOL carryforwards is subject to an annual limitation due to ownership change limitations provided by Section 382 of the Code and similar state provisions. The annual limitations may result in the expiration of NOL carryforwards prior to utilization. The Company may use these NOLs to offset all or a portion of the taxable income generated at the REIT level. Tax years 2019 through 2022 are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service. No tax examination is currently in process.

F-26

Taxable Composition of Distributions

For income tax purposes, dividends paid to holders of common stock generally consist of ordinary income, return of capital, capital gains, qualified dividends and un-recaptured Section 1250 gains, or a combination thereof. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, dividends per share held for the entire year were estimated to be taxable as follows:

	2022					2021					2020
	Amount		Percentage			Amount		Percentage			Amount		Percentage
Ordinary income	$	4.44		95.03	%	$	2.43		59.18	%	$	4.00		99.98	%
Capital gains		0.23		4.78	%		1.36		33.15	%		0.00		0.02	%
Un-recaptured Section 1250 gains		0.01		0.19	%		0.31		7.67	%		0.00		0.00	%
Total	$	4.68		100	%	$	4.10		100	%	$	4.00		100	%

The Company designated the per share amounts above as capital gain dividends in accordance with the requirements of the Code. The difference between net income available to common shareholders for financial reporting purposes and taxable income before dividend deductions relates primarily to temporary differences such as depreciation and amortization and taxable gains on sold properties.

8.Shareholders’ Equity of MAA

As of December 31, 2022, 115,480,336 shares of common stock of MAA and 3,164,933 OP Units (excluding the OP Units held by MAA) were issued and outstanding, representing a total of 118,645,269 common shares and units. As of December 31, 2021, 115,336,876 shares of common stock of MAA and 3,206,118 OP Units (excluding the OP Units held by MAA) were issued and outstanding, representing a total of 118,542,994 common shares and units.

Preferred Stock

As of December 31, 2022, MAA had one outstanding series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock which has the following characteristics:

Description	Outstanding Shares		Liquidation Preference (1)		Optional Redemption Date	Redemption Price (2)		Stated Dividend Yield	Approximate Dividend Rate
MAA Series I		867,846	$	50.00	10/1/2026	$	50.00	8.50%	$	4.25

(1) The total liquidation preference for the outstanding preferred stock is $43.4 million.

(2) The redemption price is the price at which the preferred stock is redeemable, at MAA’s option, for cash.

See Note 6 for details of the valuation of the derivative asset related to the redemption feature embedded in the MAA Series I preferred stock.

Direct Stock Purchase and Distribution Reinvestment Plan

MAA has a Dividend and Distribution Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan, or DRSPP, pursuant to which MAA’s common shareholders have the ability to reinvest all or part of their distributions from MAA into shares of MAA’s common stock and holders of Class A OP Units have the ability to reinvest all or part of their distributions from the Operating Partnership into MAA’s common stock. The DRSPP also provides the opportunity to make optional cash investments in MAA’s common stock of at least $250, but not more than $5,000 in any given month, free of brokerage commissions and charges. MAA, in its absolute discretion, may grant waivers to allow for optional cash payments in excess of $5,000. To fulfill its obligations under the DRSPP, MAA may either issue additional shares of common stock or repurchase common stock in the open market. MAA currently has registered with the SEC the offer and sale of up to 1,906,762 shares of common stock pursuant to the DRSPP. MAA may elect to sell shares under the DRSPP at up to a 5% discount. Shares of MAA’s common stock totaling 6,547 in 2022, 6,301 in 2021 and 8,259 in 2020 were acquired by participants under the DRSPP. MAA did not offer a discount for optional cash purchases in 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Equity Forward Sale Agreements

In August 2021, MAA entered into two 18-month forward sale agreements with respect to a total of 1.1 million shares of its common stock at an initial forward sale price of $190.56 per share, which price is net of issuance costs. Under the forward sale agreements, the forward sale price is subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread and will be decreased based on amounts related to dividends on MAA’s common stock during the term of the forward sale agreements. MAA has the ability to determine the dates and method of settlement (i.e., gross physical settlement, net share settlement or cash settlement), subject to certain conditions and the right of the counterparty to accelerate settlement under certain circumstances, provided that settlement under each forward sale agreement must occur prior to the settlement date. No shares had been settled under the forward sale agreements as of December 31, 2022. The impact of the forward sale agreements was not dilutive to the Company’s diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

F-27

In January 2023, MAA settled its two forward sale agreements with respect to a total of 1.1 million shares at a forward price per share of $185.23, which is inclusive of adjustments made to reflect the then-current federal funds rate, the amount of dividends paid to holders of MAA common stock and commissions paid to sales agents, for net proceeds of $203.7 million.

At-the-Market Share Offering Program

In November 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement to establish a new ATM program, replacing MAA’s previous ATM program and allowing MAA to sell shares of its common stock from time to time to or through its sales agents into the existing market at current market prices, and to enter into separate forward sales agreements to or through its forward purchasers. Under its current ATM program, MAA has the authority to issue up to an aggregate of 4.0 million shares of its common stock, at such times to be determined by MAA. MAA has no obligation to issue shares through the ATM program.

During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 MAA did not sell any shares of common stock under its ATM program. As of December 31, 2022, 4.0 million shares remained issuable under the current ATM program.

9.Partners’ Capital of MAALP

Common units of limited partnership interests in MAALP are represented by OP Units. As of December 31, 2022, there were 118,645,269 OP Units outstanding, 115,480,336, or 97.3%, of which represent Class B OP Units (common units issued to or held by MAALP’s general partner or any of its subsidiaries), which were owned by MAA, MAALP’s general partner. The remaining 3,164,933 OP Units were Class A OP Units owned by Class A limited partners. As of December 31, 2021, there were 118,542,994 OP Units outstanding, 115,336,876, or 97.3%, of which were owned by MAA and 3,206,118 of which were owned by the Class A limited partners.

MAA, as the sole general partner of MAALP, has full, complete and exclusive discretion to manage and control the business of MAALP subject to the restrictions specifically contained within MAALP’s agreement of limited partnership, or the Partnership Agreement. Unless otherwise stated in the Partnership Agreement, this power includes, but is not limited to, acquiring, leasing or disposing of any real property; constructing buildings and making other improvements to properties owned; borrowing money, modifying or extinguishing current borrowings, issuing evidence of indebtedness and securing such indebtedness by mortgage, deed of trust, pledge or other lien on MAALP’s assets; and distribution of MAALP’s cash or other assets in accordance with the Partnership Agreement. MAA can generally, at its sole discretion, issue and redeem OP Units and determine the consideration to be received or the redemption price to be paid, as applicable. The general partner may delegate these and other powers granted to it if the general partner remains in supervision of the designee.

Under the Partnership Agreement, MAALP may issue Class A OP Units and Class B OP Units. Class A OP Units are any OP Units other than Class B OP Units, while Class B OP Units are those issued to or held by MAALP’s general partner or any of its subsidiaries. In general, the limited partners do not have the power to participate in the management or control of MAALP’s business except in limited circumstances, including changes in the general partner and protective rights if the general partner acts outside of the provisions provided in the Partnership Agreement. The transferability of Class A OP Units is also limited by the Partnership Agreement.

Net income of MAALP (after allocations to preferred ownership interests) is allocated to the general partner and limited partners based on their respective ownership percentages of MAALP. Issuance or redemption of additional Class A OP Units or Class B OP Units changes the relative ownership percentage of the partners. The issuance of Class B OP Units generally occurs when MAA issues common stock and the proceeds from that issuance are contributed to MAALP in exchange for the issuance to MAA of a number of OP Units equal to the number of shares of common stock issued. Likewise, if MAA repurchases or redeems outstanding shares of common stock, MAALP generally redeems an equal number of Class B OP Units with similar terms held by MAA for a redemption price equal to the purchase price of those shares of common stock. At each reporting period, the allocation between general partner capital and limited partner capital is adjusted to account for the change in the respective percentage ownership of the underlying capital of MAALP. Holders of the Class A OP Units may require MAA to redeem their Class A OP Units, in which case MAA may, at its option, pay the redemption price either in cash (in an amount per Class A OP Unit equal, in general, to the average closing price of MAA’s common stock on the NYSE over a specified period prior to the redemption date) or by delivering one share of MAA common stock (subject to adjustment under specified circumstances) for each Class A OP Unit so redeemed.

As of December 31, 2022, a total of 3,164,933 Class A OP Units were outstanding and redeemable for 3,164,933 shares of MAA common stock, with an approximate value of $496.9 million, based on the closing price of MAA’s common stock on December 31, 2022 of $156.99 per share. As of December 31, 2021, a total of 3,206,118 Class A OP Units were outstanding and redeemable for 3,206,118 shares of MAA common stock, with an approximate value of $735.6 million, based on the closing price of MAA’s common stock on December 31, 2021 of $229.44 per share. MAALP pays the same per unit distributions in respect to the OP Units as the per share dividends MAA pays in respect to its common stock.

As of December 31, 2022, MAALP had one outstanding series of cumulative redeemable preferred units, or the MAALP Series I preferred units. The MAALP Series I preferred units have the same characteristics as the MAA Series I preferred stock described in Note 8. As of December 31, 2022, 867,846 units of the MAALP Series I preferred units were outstanding and owned by MAA. See Note 6 for details of the valuation of the derivative asset related to the redemption feature embedded in the MAALP Series I preferred units.

F-28

10.Employee Benefit Plans

The following provides details of the employee benefit plans not previously discussed in Note 4.

401(k) Savings Plans

MAA’s 401(k) Savings Plan, or 401(k) Plan, is a defined contribution plan that satisfies the requirements of Section 401(a) and 401(k) of the Code. MAA’s Board of Directors has the discretion to approve matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan. MAA recognized expense from the 401(k) Plan of $4.4 million, $4.1 million and $3.9 million, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Non-Qualified Executive Deferred Compensation Retirement Plan

MAA has adopted the MAA Non-Qualified Executive Deferred Compensation Retirement Plan Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2016, or the Deferred Compensation Plan, for certain executive employees. Under the terms of the Deferred Compensation Plan, employees may elect to defer a percentage of their compensation and bonus, and MAA may, but is not obligated to, match a portion of the employees’ salary deferral. MAA recognized expense on its match to the Deferred Compensation Plan for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 of $0.5 million, $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Outside Company Directors

MAA has adopted the Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Outside Company Directors as Amended effective November 30, 2010, or the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan, which allows non-employee directors to defer their director fees by having the fees held by MAA as shares of MAA’s common stock. Directors can also choose to have their annual restricted stock grants issued into the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan. Amounts deferred through the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan are distributed to the directors in two annual installments beginning in the first 90 days of the year following the director’s departure from the board. Participating directors may choose to have the amount issued to them in shares of MAA’s common stock or paid to them as cash at the market value of MAA’s common stock as of the end of the year the director ceases to serve on the board.

For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, directors deferred 6,122 shares, 6,944 shares and 10,593 shares of common stock, respectively, with weighted-average grant date fair values of $174.76, $164.23 and $111.19, respectively, into the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan. The shares of common stock held in the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan are classified outside of permanent equity in redeemable stock with changes in the redemption amount recorded immediately to retained earnings because the directors have redemption rights not solely within the control of MAA. Additionally, any shares that become mandatorily redeemable because a departed director has elected to receive a cash payout are recorded as a liability. As of December 31, 2022, $0.7 million of mandatorily redeemable shares were recorded as a liability and classified in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2021, there was no liability related to mandatorily redeemable shares.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

MAA’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan, or ESOP, is a non-contributory stock bonus plan that satisfies the requirements of Section 401(a) of the Code. On December 31, 2010, the ESOP was frozen by amendment, whereby effective January 1, 2011, no additional employees became eligible for the plan, no additional contributions were made to the ESOP, and all participants with an account balance under the ESOP became 100% vested. The Company did not contribute to the ESOP during 2022, 2021 or 2020. As of December 31, 2022, the ESOP held 123,687 shares with a fair value of $19.4 million.

11.Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The Company’s operating leases include a ground lease expiring in

2074

related to one of its apartment communities and an office lease expiring in

2028

related to its corporate headquarters. Both leases contain stated rent increases that generally compensate for the impact of inflation. The Company also has other commitments related to negligible office and equipment operating leases. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s operating leases had a weighted average remaining lease term of approximately 33 years and a weighted average discount rate of approximately 4.5%. F-29

The table below reconciles undiscounted cash flows for each of the first five years and total of the remaining years to the right-of-use lease liabilities recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	Operating Leases
2023	$	2,885
2024		2,862
2025		2,872
2026		2,920
2027		2,969
Thereafter		57,024
Total minimum lease payments		71,532
Net present value adjustments		(42,861	)
Right-of-use lease liabilities	$	28,671

Legal Proceedings

In October 2022, six plaintiffs individually and on behalf of a purported class of plaintiffs, filed a complaint against RealPage, Inc., Greystar Real Estate Partners, LLC, Lincoln Property Co., FPI Management, Inc., MAA, Avenue5 Residential, LLC, Equity Residential, Essex Property Trust, Inc., Thrive Communities Management, LLC and Security Properties, Inc. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. The lawsuit alleges that RealPage and lessors of multifamily residential real estate conspired to artificially inflate the prices of multifamily residential real estate above competitive levels. The plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages and attorneys’ fees and costs and injunctive relief. We believe the lawsuit is without merit and will vigorously defend the action. The Company is unable to predict the outcome of this lawsuit given its early stage. While we do not believe that this matter will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, we cannot give assurance that this matter will not have a material effect on our results of operations.

The Company is subject to various other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business operations. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not currently believe that these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in the event of a negative outcome. Matters that arise out of allegations of bodily injury, property damage and employment practices are generally covered by insurance.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s accrual for loss contingencies relating to unresolved legal matters, including the cost to defend, was $10.0 million and $5.2 million in the aggregate, respectively. The loss contingencies are presented in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

12.Related Party Transactions

The cash management of the Company is managed by the Operating Partnership. In general, cash receipts are remitted to the Operating Partnership and all cash disbursements are funded by the Operating Partnership. As a result of these transactions, the Operating Partnership had a negligible payable to MAA, its general partner, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 that is eliminated in the preparation of MAA’s consolidated financial statements. The Partnership Agreement does not require the due to/due from balance to be settled in cash until liquidation of the Operating Partnership, and therefore, there is no regular settlement schedule for such amounts.

13.Segment Information

As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned and operated 290 multifamily apartment communities (which does not include development communities under construction) in 15 different states from which it derived all significant sources of earnings and operating cash flows. The Company views each consolidated apartment community as an operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, which is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, evaluates performance and determines resource allocations of each of the apartment communities on a Same Store and Non-Same Store and Other basis, as well as an individual apartment community basis. The Company has aggregated its operating segments into two reportable segments as management believes the apartment communities in each reportable segment generally have similar economic characteristics, facilities, services and residents.

The following reflects the two reportable segments for the Company:

• Same Store includes communities that the Company has owned and have been stabilized for at least a full 12 months as of the first day of the calendar year.

• Non-Same Store and Other includes recently acquired communities, communities being developed or in lease-up, communities that have been disposed of or identified for disposition, communities that have experienced a significant casualty loss and stabilized communities that do not meet the requirements to be Same Store communities. Also included in Non-Same Store and Other are non-multifamily activities and storm related expenses related to hurricanes.

F-30

On the first day of each calendar year, the Company determines the composition of its Same Store and Non-Same Store and Other reportable segments for that year as well as adjusts the previous year, which allows the Company to evaluate full period-over-period operating comparisons. Communities previously in development or lease-up are added to the Same Store segment on the first day of the calendar year after the community has been owned and stabilized for at least a full 12 months. Communities are considered stabilized when achieving 90% average physical occupancy for 90 days.

The chief operating decision maker utilizes NOI in evaluating the performance of the operating segments. Total NOI represents total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, for all properties held during the period regardless of their status as held for sale. Management believes that NOI is a helpful tool in evaluating the operating performance of the segments because it measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not directly related to property operating performance.

Revenues and NOI for each reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

	2022			2021			2020
Revenues:
Same Store
Rental revenues	$	1,912,626		$	1,683,380		$	1,601,812
Other property revenues		12,083			11,854			11,557
Total Same Store revenues		1,924,709			1,695,234			1,613,369
Non-Same Store and Other
Rental revenues		93,512			81,822			64,401
Other property revenues		1,645			1,026			214
Total Non-Same Store and Other revenues		95,157			82,848			64,615
Total rental and other property revenues	$	2,019,866		$	1,778,082		$	1,677,984
Net Operating Income:
Same Store NOI	$	1,242,695		$	1,061,572		$	1,001,919
Non-Same Store and Other NOI		53,477			45,345			35,594
Total NOI		1,296,172			1,106,917			1,037,513
Depreciation and amortization		(542,998	)		(533,433	)		(510,842	)
Property management expenses		(65,463	)		(55,732	)		(52,300	)
General and administrative expenses		(58,833	)		(52,884	)		(46,858	)
Interest expense		(154,747	)		(156,881	)		(167,562	)
Gain on sale of depreciable real estate assets		214,762			220,428			9
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets		809			811			1,024
Other non-operating (expense) income		(42,713	)		33,902			4,857
Income tax benefit (expense)		6,208			(13,637	)		(3,327	)
Income from real estate joint venture		1,579			1,211			1,501
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(17,340	)		(16,911	)		(9,053	)
Dividends to MAA Series I preferred shareholders		(3,688	)		(3,688	)		(3,688	)
Net income available for MAA common shareholders	$	633,748		$	530,103		$	251,274

Assets for each reportable segment as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Same Store	$	9,692,674	$	9,907,740
Non-Same Store and Other		1,375,936		1,106,039
Corporate		172,555		271,403
Total assets	$	11,241,165	$	11,285,182

F-31

14.Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 196-unit multifamily apartment community located in the Tampa, Florida market for approximately $73 million, a 344-unit multifamily apartment community located in the Charlotte, North Carolina market for approximately $140 million. The following table reflects the Company’s acquisition activity for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Multifamily Acquisitions	Market	Units	Date Acquired
MAA Hampton Preserve II	Tampa, FL	196	July 2022
MAA LoSo	Charlotte, NC	344	September 2022

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company acquired five land parcels for future development for approximately $59 million.

Land Acquisitions	Market	Acres	Date Acquired
MAA Florida Street Station	Denver, CO	4	March 2022
MAA Packing District	Orlando, FL	4	May 2022
MAA Panorama	Denver, CO	6	July 2022
MAA Nixie	Raleigh, NC	6	November 2022
Alta 10th (1)	Charlotte, NC	3	December 2022

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company closed on two dispositions in the Fort Worth, Texas market, one disposition in Maryland and one disposition in the Austin, Texas market. The Company received combined gross proceeds of approximately $325 million and recognized a combined gain on the sale of depreciable real estate assets of approximately $215 million. The following table reflects the Company’s disposition activity for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Multifamily Dispositions	Market	Units	Date Sold
MAA Deer Run	Fort Worth, TX	304	June 2022
MAA Oakbend	Fort Worth, TX	426	June 2022
Post Park Maryland	Maryland, MD	396	October 2022
Stassney Woods	Austin, TX	288	December 2022

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company closed on the disposition of two land parcels in the Huntsville, Alabama market for combined gross proceeds of approximately $1 million, resulting in the recognition of a negligible gain on the sale of non-depreciable real estate assets.

Land Dispositions	Market	Acres	Date Sold
Colonial Promenade	Huntsville, AL	2	April 2022
Colonial Promenade	Huntsville, AL	3	August 2022

F-32

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation

December 31, 2022

(Dollars in thousands)

					Initial Cost				Costs Capitalized Subsequent<br>to Acquisition				Gross Amount carried as of<br>December 31, 2022
Property	Location	Encumbrances			Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Total (3)		Accumulated<br>Depreciation (4)			Net		Date of<br>Construction	Date<br>Acquired
Birchall at Ross Bridge	Birmingham, AL	$	—		$	2,641	$	28,842	$	—	$	3,920	$	2,641	$	32,762	$	35,403	$	(12,558	)	$	22,845	2009	2011
Colonial Grand at Riverchase Trails	Birmingham, AL		—			3,762		22,079		—		7,134		3,762		29,213		32,975		(12,345	)		20,630	2010	2013
Colonial Village at Trussville	Birmingham, AL		—			3,403		31,813		—		6,205		3,403		38,018		41,421		(14,803	)		26,618	1996/97	2013
Eagle Ridge	Birmingham, AL		—			852		7,667		—		5,030		852		12,697		13,549		(9,456	)		4,093	1986	1998
Colonial Grand at Traditions	Gulf Shores, AL		—			3,212		25,162		—		6,445		3,212		31,607		34,819		(12,678	)		22,141	2007	2013
Colonial Grand at Edgewater	Huntsville, AL		—			4,944		38,673		—		8,850		4,944		47,523		52,467		(17,136	)		35,331	1990	2013
Paddock Club at Providence	Huntsville, AL		—			1,740		10,152		—		17,192		1,740		27,344		29,084		(17,406	)		11,678	1993	1997
Colonial Grand at Madison	Madison, AL		—			3,602		28,934		—		3,624		3,602		32,558		36,160		(13,057	)		23,103	2000	2013
Cypress Village	Orange Beach, AL		—			1,290		12,238		—		3,317		1,290		15,555		16,845		(5,800	)		11,045	2008	2013
Colonial Grand at Liberty Park	Vestavia Hills, AL		—			3,922		30,977		—		8,585		3,922		39,562		43,484		(16,136	)		27,348	2000	2013
MAA Sky View	Gilbert, AZ		—			2,668		14,577		—		3,099		2,668		17,676		20,344		(8,433	)		11,911	2007	2009
MAA City Gate	Mesa, AZ		—			4,219		26,255		—		4,879		4,219		31,134		35,353		(11,675	)		23,678	2002	2013
MAA Lyon's Gate	Phoenix, AZ		—			7,901		27,182		—		4,399		7,901		31,581		39,482		(15,332	)		24,150	2007	2008
MAA Fountainhead	Phoenix, AZ		—	(1)		12,212		56,705		—		3,217		12,212		59,922		72,134		(12,011	)		60,123	2015	2016
MAA Foothills	Phoenix, AZ		—			12,741		47,701		—		6,070		12,741		53,771		66,512		(29,123	)		37,389	2005	2006
MAA Midtown Phoenix	Phoenix, AZ		—			9,001		—		—		74,239		9,001		74,239		83,240		(6,550	)		76,690	2021	2019
MAA Old Town Scottsdale	Scottsdale, AZ		—			7,820		51,627		—		8,895		7,820		60,522		68,342		(22,364	)		45,978	1994/95	2013
MAA Camelback	Scottsdale, AZ		—			3,612		20,273		—		4,936		3,612		25,209		28,821		(9,323	)		19,498	1999	2013
SkySong	Scottsdale, AZ		—			—		55,748		—		4,551		—		60,299		60,299		(12,397	)		47,902	2014	2015
MAA River North	Denver, CO		—			14,500		28,900		—		41,377		14,500		70,277		84,777		(12,658	)		72,119	2018	2016
MAA Promenade	Denver, CO		—			24,111		81,317		—		22,698		24,111		104,015		128,126		(15,137	)		112,989	2017/19	2018
MAA Westglenn	Denver, CO		—			8,077		—		—		74,751		8,077		74,751		82,828		(5,127	)		77,701	2021	2018
MAA Tiffany Oaks	Altamonte Springs, FL		—			1,024		9,219		—		6,310		1,024		15,529		16,553		(11,907	)		4,646	1985	1996
MAA Lakewood Ranch	Bradenton, FL		—			2,980		40,230		—		8,224		2,980		48,454		51,434		(17,807	)		33,627	1999	2013
MAA Indigo Point	Brandon, FL		—			1,167		10,500		—		5,000		1,167		15,500		16,667		(10,795	)		5,872	1989	2000
MAA Brandon	Brandon, FL		—			2,896		26,111		—		9,272		2,896		35,383		38,279		(24,967	)		13,312	1998	1997
MAA Coral Springs	Coral Springs, FL		—			9,600		40,004		—		15,589		9,600		55,593		65,193		(32,102	)		33,091	1996	2004
Paddock Club Gainesville	Gainesville, FL		—			1,800		15,879		—		5,716		1,800		21,595		23,395		(12,753	)		10,642	1999	1998
Retreat at Magnolia Parke	Gainesville, FL		—			2,040		16,338		—		1,610		2,040		17,948		19,988		(7,236	)		12,752	2009	2011
MAA Heathrow	Heathrow, FL		—			4,101		35,684		—		6,131		4,101		41,815		45,916		(16,572	)		29,344	1997	2013
220 Riverside	Jacksonville, FL		—			2,381		35,514		—		9,381		2,381		44,895		47,276		(8,637	)		38,639	2015	2012
Atlantic Crossing	Jacksonville, FL		—			4,000		19,495		—		3,403		4,000		22,898		26,898		(9,074	)		17,824	2008	2011
Coopers Hawk	Jacksonville, FL		—			854		7,500		—		4,843		854		12,343		13,197		(9,551	)		3,646	1987	1995
Hunters Ridge Deerwood	Jacksonville, FL		—			1,533		13,835		—		6,282		1,533		20,117		21,650		(14,982	)		6,668	1987	1997
Lakeside	Jacksonville, FL		—			1,430		12,883		—		9,066		1,430		21,949		23,379		(17,272	)		6,107	1985	1996
Lighthouse at Fleming Island	Jacksonville, FL		—			4,047		35,052		—		6,715		4,047		41,767		45,814		(25,649	)		20,165	2003	2003
Paddock Club Mandarin	Jacksonville, FL		—			1,411		14,967		—		4,443		1,411		19,410		20,821		(11,264	)		9,557	1998	1998
MAA Mandarin Lakes	Jacksonville, FL		—			2,857		6,475		—		21,725		2,857		28,200		31,057		(14,456	)		16,601	1987/ 2008	1995
Tattersall at Tapestry Park	Jacksonville, FL		—			6,417		36,069		—		3,118		6,417		39,187		45,604		(15,105	)		30,499	2009	2011
Woodhollow	Jacksonville, FL		—			1,678		15,179		—		9,538		1,678		24,717		26,395		(19,523	)		6,872	1986	1997
MAA Lake Mary	Lake Mary, FL		—	(2)		6,346		41,539		—		26,023		6,346		67,562		73,908		(21,284	)		52,624	2012	2013
MAA Town Park	Lake Mary, FL		—			5,742		56,562		—		8,142		5,742		64,704		70,446		(26,705	)		43,741	2005	2013
MAA Town Park Reserve	Lake Mary, FL		—			3,481		10,311		—		892		3,481		11,203		14,684		(4,629	)		10,055	2004	2013
MAA Heather Glen	Orlando, FL		—			4,662		56,988		—		9,276		4,662		66,264		70,926		(25,362	)		45,564	2000	2013
MAA Randal Lakes	Orlando, FL		—			8,859		50,553		—		50,076		8,859		100,629		109,488		(20,243	)		89,245	2014/17	2013
MAA Robinson	Orlando, FL		—			6,003		—		—		91,543		6,003		91,543		97,546		(6,738	)		90,808	2021	2018
MAA Baldwin Park	Orlando, FL		—			18,101		144,200		—		5,800		18,101		150,000		168,101		(37,061	)		131,040	2011	2016
MAA Crosswater	Orlando, FL		—			7,046		52,585		—		2,586		7,046		55,171		62,217		(12,200	)		50,017	2013	2016
MAA Parkside	Orlando, FL		—			5,669		49,754		—		9,863		5,669		59,617		65,286		(14,009	)		51,277	1999	2016
MAA Lake Nona	Orlando, FL		—			7,880		41,175		—		7,730		7,880		48,905		56,785		(18,079	)		38,706	2006	2012
Sand Lake	Orlando, FL		—			7,635		—		—		55,998		7,635		55,998		63,633		(4,379	)		59,254	2021	2019
MAA Palm Harbor	Palm Harbor, FL		—			6,900		26,613		—		5,093		6,900		31,706		38,606		(15,294	)		23,312	2000	2009
Club at Panama Beach	Panama City, FL		—			893		14,276		—		5,644		893		19,920		20,813		(12,213	)		8,600	2000	1998
MAA Twin Lakes	Sanford, FL		—			3,091		47,793		—		5,190		3,091		52,983		56,074		(20,242	)		35,832	2005	2013
Paddock Club Tallahassee	Tallahassee, FL		—			1,480		4,805		—		15,014		1,480		19,819		21,299		(15,133	)		6,166	1992	1997
Verandas at Southwood	Tallahassee, FL		—			3,600		25,914		—		2,738		3,600		28,652		32,252		(8,651	)		23,601	2003	2011
MAA Belmere	Tampa, FL		—			852		7,667		—		8,185		852		15,852		16,704		(11,564	)		5,140	1984	1994
MAA Hampton Preserve	Tampa, FL		—			6,233		69,535		—		5,126		6,233		74,661		80,894		(26,641	)		54,253	2012	2013
MAA Hampton Preserve II	Tampa, FL		—			10,796		61,863		—		226		10,796		62,089		72,885		(1,000	)		71,885	2021	2022
MAA Carrollwood	Tampa, FL		—			927		7,355		—		6,969		927		14,324		15,251		(10,363	)		4,888	1980	1998
MAA Bay View	Tampa, FL		—			4,541		28,381		—		2,817		4,541		31,198		35,739		(7,670	)		28,069	1997	2016
MAA Harbour Island	Tampa, FL		—			16,296		116,193		—		18,068		16,296		134,261		150,557		(33,930	)		116,627	1997	2016
MAA Hyde Park	Tampa, FL		—			16,891		95,259		—		11,626		16,891		106,885		123,776		(26,730	)		97,046	1994	2016
MAA Rocky Point	Tampa, FL		—			35,260		153,102		—		19,619		35,260		172,721		207,981		(43,106	)		164,875	1994-1996	2016
MAA SoHo Square	Tampa, FL		—	(1)		5,190		56,296		—		1,537		5,190		57,833		63,023		(12,649	)		50,374	2012	2016
MAA Tampa Oaks	Tampa, FL		—			2,891		19,055		—		4,056		2,891		23,111		26,002		(10,868	)		15,134	2005	2008
MAA Seven Oaks	Wesley Chapel, FL		—			3,051		42,768		—		3,990		3,051		46,758		49,809		(17,816	)		31,993	2004	2013
MAA Windermere	Windermere, FL		—	(1)		2,711		36,710		—		3,615		2,711		40,325		43,036		(14,247	)		28,789	2009	2013

F-33

					Initial Cost				Costs Capitalized Subsequent<br>to Acquisition				Gross Amount carried as of<br>December 31, 2022
Property	Location	Encumbrances			Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Total (3)		Accumulated<br>Depreciation (4)			Net		Date of<br>Construction	Date<br>Acquired
MAA Briarcliff	Atlanta, GA		—			24,614		114,921		—		8,969		24,614		123,890		148,504		(29,370	)		119,134	1996	2016
MAA Brookhaven	Atlanta, GA		—			29,048		106,463		—		12,427		29,048		118,890		147,938		(30,415	)		117,523	1989-1992	2016
MAA Brookwood	Atlanta, GA		—	(2)		11,168		52,758		—		7,631		11,168		60,389		71,557		(21,806	)		49,751	2008	2012
MAA Buckhead	Atlanta, GA		—			8,633		19,844		—		11,480		8,633		31,324		39,957		(12,048	)		27,909	2002	2012
MAA Centennial Park	Atlanta, GA		—			13,650		10,950		—		62,859		13,650		73,809		87,459		(10,838	)		76,621	2018	2016
MAA Chastain	Atlanta, GA		—			30,223		82,964		—		5,476		30,223		88,440		118,663		(21,115	)		97,548	1990	2016
MAA Dunwoody	Atlanta, GA		—			15,799		48,054		—		6,402		15,799		54,456		70,255		(13,357	)		56,898	1995	2016
MAA Gardens	Atlanta, GA		—			17,907		56,093		—		10,242		17,907		66,335		84,242		(16,456	)		67,786	1996	2016
MAA Glen	Atlanta, GA		—			13,878		51,079		—		8,196		13,878		59,275		73,153		(14,489	)		58,664	1996	2016
MAA Lenox	Atlanta, GA		—			23,876		165,572		—		5,634		23,876		171,206		195,082		(44,660	)		150,422	2006/15	2016
MAA Midtown	Atlanta, GA		—			7,000		44,000		—		41,507		7,000		85,507		92,507		(12,839	)		79,668	2017	2016
MAA Oglethorpe	Atlanta, GA		—			6,856		31,441		—		8,164		6,856		39,605		46,461		(18,083	)		28,378	1994	2008
MAA Peachtree Hills	Atlanta, GA		—			11,974		55,264		—		2,279		11,974		57,543		69,517		(13,196	)		56,321	1992-1994/2009	2016
MAA Piedmont Park	Atlanta, GA		—			11,025		34,277		—		5,966		11,025		40,243		51,268		(8,828	)		42,440	1999	2016
MAA Riverside	Atlanta, GA		—			23,765		89,369		—		11,743		23,765		101,112		124,877		(27,479	)		97,398	1996	2016
MAA Spring	Atlanta, GA		—			18,596		57,819		—		7,852		18,596		65,671		84,267		(17,444	)		66,823	1999	2016
MAA Stratford	Atlanta, GA		—			—		30,051		—		6,853		—		36,904		36,904		(9,729	)		27,175	1999	2016
MAA Berkeley Lake	Duluth, GA		—			1,960		15,707		—		3,731		1,960		19,438		21,398		(8,764	)		12,634	1998	2013
MAA McDaniel Farm	Duluth, GA		—			3,985		32,206		—		7,501		3,985		39,707		43,692		(17,379	)		26,313	1997	2013
MAA Pleasant Hill	Duluth, GA		—			6,753		32,202		—		9,022		6,753		41,224		47,977		(17,127	)		30,850	1996	2013
MAA Prescott	Duluth, GA		—			3,840		24,011		—		7,024		3,840		31,035		34,875		(18,307	)		16,568	2001	2004
MAA River Oaks	Duluth, GA		—			4,349		13,579		—		4,506		4,349		18,085		22,434		(9,518	)		12,916	1992	2013
MAA River Place	Duluth, GA		—			2,059		19,158		—		5,042		2,059		24,200		26,259		(10,317	)		15,942	1994	2013
MAA Mount Vernon	Dunwoody, GA		—			6,861		23,748		—		5,054		6,861		28,802		35,663		(11,152	)		24,511	1997	2013
MAA Lake Lanier	Gainesville, GA		—			6,710		40,994		—		12,687		6,710		53,681		60,391		(31,221	)		29,170	1998/ 2001	2005
MAA Shiloh	Kennesaw, GA		—			4,864		45,893		—		9,028		4,864		54,921		59,785		(22,042	)		37,743	2002	2013
MAA Milstead	LaGrange, GA		—			3,100		29,240		—		4,286		3,100		33,526		36,626		(11,569	)		25,057	1998	2008
MAA Barrett Creek	Marietta, GA		—			5,661		26,186		—		4,646		5,661		30,832		36,493		(14,059	)		22,434	1999	2013
Colonial Grand at Godley Lake	Pooler, GA		—			1,750		30,893		—		3,030		1,750		33,923		35,673		(13,044	)		22,629	2008	2013
Colonial Grand at Godley Station	Pooler, GA		3,861			1,800		35,454		—		5,745		1,800		41,199		42,999		(15,627	)		27,372	2001	2013
Avala at Savannah Quarters	Savannah, GA		—			1,500		24,862		—		3,264		1,500		28,126		29,626		(11,019	)		18,607	2009	2011
Colonial Grand at Hammocks	Savannah, GA		—			2,441		36,863		—		8,367		2,441		45,230		47,671		(17,115	)		30,556	1997	2013
Colonial Village at Huntington	Savannah, GA		—			2,521		8,223		—		2,932		2,521		11,155		13,676		(4,504	)		9,172	1986	2013
Georgetown Grove	Savannah, GA		—			1,288		11,579		—		4,413		1,288		15,992		17,280		(12,034	)		5,246	1997	1998
Oaks at Wilmington Island	Savannah, GA		—			2,864		25,315		—		6,568		2,864		31,883		34,747		(17,249	)		17,498	1999	2006
MAA West Village	Smyrna, GA		—			14,410		73,733		—		11,848		14,410		85,581		99,991		(25,375	)		74,616	2006/12	2014
Ranch at Prairie Trace	Overland Park, KS		—			3,500		40,614		—		3,163		3,500		43,777		47,277		(8,829	)		38,448	2015	2015
MAA Pinnacle	Lexington, KY		—			2,024		31,525		—		8,079		2,024		39,604		41,628		(23,148	)		18,480	2000	1998
MAA Lakepointe	Lexington, KY		—			411		3,699		—		2,881		411		6,580		6,991		(5,341	)		1,650	1986	1994
MAA Mansion	Lexington, KY		—			694		6,242		—		4,385		694		10,627		11,321		(8,512	)		2,809	1989	1994
MAA Village	Lexington, KY		—			900		8,097		—		5,155		900		13,252		14,152		(10,806	)		3,346	1989	1994
Stonemill Village	Louisville, KY		—			1,169		10,518		—		10,935		1,169		21,453		22,622		(16,841	)		5,781	1985	1994
Market Station	Kansas City, MO		—			5,814		46,241		—		5,063		5,814		51,304		57,118		(17,838	)		39,280	2010	2012
The Denton	Kansas City, MO		—			5,520		50,939		—		29,563		5,520		80,502		86,022		(15,043	)		70,979	2013/14/17	2015
MAA Beaver Creek	Apex, NC		—			7,491		34,863		—		4,320		7,491		39,183		46,674		(14,556	)		32,118	2007	2013
MAA Hermitage	Cary, NC		—			900		8,099		—		5,904		900		14,003		14,903		(10,466	)		4,437	1988	1997
MAA 900 Waterford	Cary, NC		—			4,000		20,250		—		5,482		4,000		25,732		29,732		(14,535	)		15,197	1996	2005
MAA 1225	Charlotte, NC		—			9,612		22,342		—		32,753		9,612		55,095		64,707		(16,535	)		48,172	2010	2010
MAA Ayrsley	Charlotte, NC		—			2,481		52,119		—		17,821		2,481		69,940		72,421		(24,224	)		48,197	2008	2013
MAA Ballantyne	Charlotte, NC		—			16,216		44,817		—		5,628		16,216		50,445		66,661		(12,287	)		54,374	2004	2016
MAA Beverly Crest	Charlotte, NC		—			3,161		24,004		—		5,652		3,161		29,656		32,817		(11,025	)		21,792	1996	2013
MAA Chancellor Park	Charlotte, NC		—			5,311		28,016		—		6,942		5,311		34,958		40,269		(13,590	)		26,679	1999	2013
MAA City Grand	Charlotte, NC		—			1,620		17,499		—		1,996		1,620		19,495		21,115		(7,031	)		14,084	2005	2013
MAA Enclave	Charlotte, NC		—			1,461		18,984		—		2,482		1,461		21,466		22,927		(7,402	)		15,525	2008	2013
MAA Gateway	Charlotte, NC		—			17,528		57,444		—		14,008		17,528		71,452		88,980		(17,261	)		71,719	2000	2016
MAA Legacy Park	Charlotte, NC		—			2,891		28,272		—		4,703		2,891		32,975		35,866		(12,704	)		23,162	2001	2013
MAA LoSo	Charlotte, NC		—			14,600		108,076		—		16,514		14,600		124,590		139,190		(1,168	)		138,022	2021	2022
MAA Prosperity Creek	Charlotte, NC		—			4,591		27,713		—		3,660		4,591		31,373		35,964		(12,399	)		23,565	2005	2013
MAA Reserve	Charlotte, NC		—			4,628		44,282		—		14,306		4,628		58,588		63,216		(13,174	)		50,042	2013	2013
MAA South Line	Charlotte, NC		—			18,835		58,795		—		5,720		18,835		64,515		83,350		(14,284	)		69,066	2009	2016
MAA South Park	Charlotte, NC		—			20,869		65,517		—		9,981		20,869		75,498		96,367		(18,620	)		77,747	1996	2016
MAA South Tryon	Charlotte, NC		—			2,260		19,489		—		3,625		2,260		23,114		25,374		(9,038	)		16,336	2002	2013
MAA University Lake	Charlotte, NC		—			3,250		31,389		—		6,746		3,250		38,135		41,385		(15,244	)		26,141	1998	2013
MAA Uptown	Charlotte, NC		—			10,888		30,078		—		7,750		10,888		37,828		48,716		(8,716	)		40,000	2000	2016
MAA Cornelius	Cornelius, NC		—			4,571		29,151		—		2,700		4,571		31,851		36,422		(13,018	)		23,404	2009	2013
MAA Patterson	Durham, NC		—			2,590		27,126		—		4,961		2,590		32,087		34,677		(12,277	)		22,400	1997	2013
MAA Research Park	Durham, NC		—			4,201		37,682		—		6,528		4,201		44,210		48,411		(16,977	)		31,434	2002	2013
MAA Duke Forest	Durham, NC		—			3,271		15,609		—		3,080		3,271		18,689		21,960		(8,246	)		13,714	1985	2013
MAA Huntersville	Huntersville, NC		—			4,251		31,948		—		4,707		4,251		36,655		40,906		(14,644	)		26,262	2008	2013
MAA Fifty-One	Matthews, NC		—			3,071		21,830		—		7,067		3,071		28,897		31,968		(12,757	)		19,211	2008	2013
MAA Matthews Commons	Matthews, NC		—			3,690		28,536		—		3,321		3,690		31,857		35,547		(12,493	)		23,054	2008	2013
MAA Arringdon	Morrisville, NC		—			6,401		31,134		—		6,114		6,401		37,248		43,649		(14,224	)		29,425	2003	2013
MAA Brierdale	Raleigh, NC		—			7,372		50,202		—		4,450		7,372		54,652		62,024		(20,473	)		41,551	2010	2013
MAA Brier Falls	Raleigh, NC		—			6,572		48,910		—		4,107		6,572		53,017		59,589		(19,323	)		40,266	2008	2013
MAA Crabtree	Raleigh, NC		—			2,241		18,434		—		3,953		2,241		22,387		24,628		(8,013	)		16,615	1997	2013

F-34

					Initial Cost				Costs Capitalized Subsequent<br>to Acquisition				Gross Amount carried as of<br>December 31, 2022
Property	Location	Encumbrances			Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Total (3)		Accumulated<br>Depreciation (4)			Net		Date of<br>Construction	Date<br>Acquired
MAA Trinity	Raleigh, NC		—			5,232		45,138		—		6,490		5,232		51,628		56,860		(20,635	)		36,225	2000/02	2013
MAA Hue	Raleigh, NC		—			3,690		29,910		—		3,169		3,690		33,079		36,769		(10,946	)		25,823	2009	2010
MAA Wade Park	Raleigh, NC		—			19,434		98,288		—		28,989		19,434		127,277		146,711		(32,932	)		113,779	2011/17/19	2016
MAA Preserve	Raleigh, NC		—			5,831		21,980		—		28,420		5,831		50,400		56,231		(24,502	)		31,729	2004	2006
MAA Providence	Raleigh, NC		—			4,695		29,007		—		3,548		4,695		32,555		37,250		(15,711	)		21,539	2007	2008
Colonial Grand at Desert Vista	North Las Vegas, NV		—			4,091		29,826		—		3,302		4,091		33,128		37,219		(12,851	)		24,368	2009	2013
Colonial Grand at Palm Vista	North Las Vegas, NV		—			4,909		25,643		—		6,259		4,909		31,902		36,811		(12,919	)		23,892	2007	2013
Tanglewood	Anderson, SC		—			427		3,853		—		2,973		427		6,826		7,253		(5,864	)		1,389	1980	1994
1201 Midtown	Charleston, SC		—			18,679		63,759		—		18,164		18,679		81,923		100,602		(13,880	)		86,722	2015/18	2016
Colonial Grand at Cypress Cove	Charleston, SC		—			3,610		28,645		—		6,127		3,610		34,772		38,382		(12,877	)		25,505	2001	2013
Colonial Village at Hampton Pointe	Charleston, SC		—			3,971		22,790		—		9,085		3,971		31,875		35,846		(12,322	)		23,524	1986	2013
Colonial Village at Westchase	Charleston, SC		—			4,571		20,091		—		6,483		4,571		26,574		31,145		(11,364	)		19,781	1985	2013
Quarterdeck at James Island	Charleston, SC		—			920		24,097		—		8,059		920		32,156		33,076		(12,227	)		20,849	1987	2013
River's Walk	Charleston, SC		—			8,831		39,430		—		3,627		8,831		43,057		51,888		(9,365	)		42,523	2013/16	2013
Paddock Club Columbia	Columbia, SC		—			1,840		16,560		—		7,335		1,840		23,895		25,735		(17,424	)		8,311	1991	1997
Fairways	Columbia, SC		—			910		8,207		—		3,439		910		11,646		12,556		(9,802	)		2,754	1992	1994
Colonial Village at Windsor Place	Goose Creek, SC		—			1,321		14,163		—		5,080		1,321		19,243		20,564		(8,266	)		12,298	1985	2013
Highland Ridge	Greenville, SC		—			482		4,337		—		3,115		482		7,452		7,934		(5,538	)		2,396	1984	1995
Howell Commons	Greenville, SC		—			1,304		11,740		—		5,079		1,304		16,819		18,123		(13,062	)		5,061	1987	1997
Innovation	Greenville, SC		—			4,437		52,026		—		2,998		4,437		55,024		59,461		(11,962	)		47,499	2015	2016
Paddock Club Greenville	Greenville, SC		—			1,200		10,800		—		3,776		1,200		14,576		15,776		(10,897	)		4,879	1996	1997
Park Haywood	Greenville, SC		—			360		2,925		—		5,315		360		8,240		8,600		(6,487	)		2,113	1983	1993
Spring Creek	Greenville, SC		—			583		5,374		—		3,396		583		8,770		9,353		(6,834	)		2,519	1985	1995
The Greene	Greenville, SC		—			5,427		66,546		—		1,390		5,427		67,936		73,363		(6,062	)		67,301	2019	2019
Runaway Bay	Mt. Pleasant, SC		—			1,096		7,269		—		7,657		1,096		14,926		16,022		(11,415	)		4,607	1988	1995
Colonial Grand at Commerce Park	North Charleston, SC		—			2,780		33,966		—		5,990		2,780		39,956		42,736		(14,740	)		27,996	2008	2013
535 Brookwood	Simpsonville, SC		—			1,216		18,666		—		2,609		1,216		21,275		22,491		(9,172	)		13,319	2008	2010
Park Place	Spartanburg, SC		—			723		6,504		—		2,672		723		9,176		9,899		(7,319	)		2,580	1987	1997
Colonial Village at Waters Edge	Summerville, SC		—			2,103		9,187		—		5,407		2,103		14,594		16,697		(7,193	)		9,504	1985	2013
Farmington Village	Summerville, SC		—			2,800		26,295		—		3,796		2,800		30,091		32,891		(15,548	)		17,343	2007	2007
Hamilton Pointe	Chattanooga, TN		—			1,131		10,632		—		7,874		1,131		18,506		19,637		(10,094	)		9,543	1989	1992
Hidden Creek	Chattanooga, TN		—			972		8,954		—		7,380		972		16,334		17,306		(8,909	)		8,397	1987	1988
Steeplechase	Chattanooga, TN		—			217		1,957		—		4,861		217		6,818		7,035		(4,336	)		2,699	1986	1991
Windridge	Chattanooga, TN		—			817		7,416		—		5,403		817		12,819		13,636		(9,350	)		4,286	1984	1997
Kirby Station	Memphis, TN		—			1,148		10,337		—		10,975		1,148		21,312		22,460		(16,485	)		5,975	1978	1994
Lincoln on the Green	Memphis, TN		—			1,498		20,483		—		19,257		1,498		39,740		41,238		(30,300	)		10,938	1992	1994
Park Estate	Memphis, TN		—			178		1,141		—		3,922		178		5,063		5,241		(3,790	)		1,451	1974	1977
Reserve at Dexter Lake	Memphis, TN		—			3,407		16,043		—		49,127		3,407		65,170		68,577		(34,654	)		33,923	2000	1998
MAA Murfreesboro	Murfreesboro, TN		—			915		14,774		—		5,015		915		19,789		20,704		(11,825	)		8,879	1999	1998
MAA Acklen	Nashville, TN		—			12,761		58,906		—		2,580		12,761		61,486		74,247		(11,433	)		62,814	2015	2017
MAA Indian Lake	Nashville, TN		—			4,950		28,053		—		3,576		4,950		31,629		36,579		(12,092	)		24,487	2010	2011
MAA Kennesaw Farms	Nashville, TN		—			3,456		22,443		—		5,383		3,456		27,826		31,282		(11,570	)		19,712	2008	2010
MAA Brentwood	Nashville, TN		—			1,191		10,739		—		9,633		1,191		20,372		21,563		(15,116	)		6,447	1986	1994
MAA Charlotte Ave	Nashville, TN		—			7,898		54,480		—		2,782		7,898		57,262		65,160		(9,597	)		55,563	2016	2017
MAA Bellevue	Nashville, TN		—			17,193		64,196		—		8,288		17,193		72,484		89,677		(22,880	)		66,797	1996/ 2015	2013
MAA Nashville West	Nashville, TN		—			2,963		33,673		—		11,031		2,963		44,704		47,667		(24,992	)		22,675	2001	1998
MAA Monthaven Park	Nashville, TN		—			2,736		28,902		—		8,294		2,736		37,196		39,932		(22,630	)		17,302	2000	2004
MAA Park	Nashville, TN		—			1,524		14,800		—		9,574		1,524		24,374		25,898		(19,128	)		6,770	1987	1995
MAA Cool Springs	Nashville, TN		—			6,670		—		—		54,391		6,670		54,391		61,061		(14,953	)		46,108	2012	2010
MAA Sam Ridley	Nashville, TN		—			3,350		28,308		—		5,479		3,350		33,787		37,137		(14,112	)		23,025	2009	2010
MAA Balcones Woods	Austin, TX		—			1,598		14,398		—		11,762		1,598		26,160		27,758		(17,296	)		10,462	1983	1997
MAA Canyon Creek	Austin, TX		—			3,621		32,137		—		3,734		3,621		35,871		39,492		(13,724	)		25,768	2008	2013
MAA Canyon Pointe	Austin, TX		—			3,778		20,201		—		4,550		3,778		24,751		28,529		(10,202	)		18,327	2003	2013
MAA Double Creek	Austin, TX		—			3,131		29,375		—		2,248		3,131		31,623		34,754		(12,240	)		22,514	2013	2013
MAA Onion Creek	Austin, TX		—			4,902		33,010		—		4,178		4,902		37,188		42,090		(14,725	)		27,365	2009	2013
MAA Wells Branch	Austin, TX		—	(1)		3,722		32,283		—		4,040		3,722		36,323		40,045		(13,258	)		26,787	2008	2013
MAA Quarry Oaks	Austin, TX		—			4,621		34,461		—		13,484		4,621		47,945		52,566		(18,074	)		34,492	1996	2013
MAA Sunset Valley	Austin, TX		—			3,150		11,393		—		6,029		3,150		17,422		20,572		(9,644	)		10,928	1996	2004
MAA Western Oaks	Austin, TX		—	(2)		9,100		49,339		—		4,827		9,100		54,166		63,266		(19,917	)		43,349	2001	2009
MAA Barton Creek	Austin, TX		—			8,683		21,497		—		4,875		8,683		26,372		35,055		(6,606	)		28,449	1998	2016
MAA Park Mesa	Austin, TX		—			4,653		19,828		—		2,534		4,653		22,362		27,015		(5,285	)		21,730	1992	2016
MAA South Lamar	Austin, TX		—			20,542		74,093		—		28,794		20,542		102,887		123,429		(22,265	)		101,164	2011/17	2016
MAA West Austin	Austin, TX		—	(1)		7,805		48,843		—		3,450		7,805		52,293		60,098		(15,096	)		45,002	2009	2016
MAA Brushy Creek	Austin, TX		—			2,900		24,009		—		6,489		2,900		30,498		33,398		(16,710	)		16,688	2003	2006
MAA East Austin	Austin, TX		—			2,281		6,169		—		15,444		2,281		21,613		23,894		(10,641	)		13,253	1987	1995
MAA Barton Skyway	Austin, TX		—			1,405		12,769		—		13,750		1,405		26,519		27,924		(14,611	)		13,313	1977	1997
MAA Windmill Hill	Austin, TX		—			5,006		—		—		55,114		5,006		55,114		60,120		(1,399	)		58,721	N/A	2020
MAA Shoal Creek	Bedford, TX		—			4,982		27,377		—		6,145		4,982		33,522		38,504		(13,546	)		24,958	1996	2013
MAA Willow Creek	Bedford, TX		—			3,109		33,488		—		11,042		3,109		44,530		47,639		(18,055	)		29,584	1996	2013
MAA Hebron	Carrollton, TX		—			4,231		42,237		—		2,814		4,231		45,051		49,282		(16,154	)		33,128	2011	2013
MAA Cedar park	Cedar Park, TX		—			7,232		56,640		—		7,042		7,232		63,682		70,914		(23,982	)		46,932	2005	2013
Grand Cypress	Cypress, TX		—			3,881		24,267		—		4,749		3,881		29,016		32,897		(8,275	)		24,622	2008	2013
MAA Medical District	Dallas, TX		—			4,050		33,779		—		4,600		4,050		38,379		42,429		(12,937	)		29,492	2007	2013
MAA Highlands North	Dallas, TX		—			988		8,893		—		4,963		988		13,856		14,844		(9,966	)		4,878	1986	1998

F-35

					Initial Cost				Costs Capitalized Subsequent<br>to Acquisition				Gross Amount carried as of<br>December 31, 2022
Property	Location	Encumbrances			Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Total (3)		Accumulated<br>Depreciation (4)			Net		Date of<br>Construction	Date<br>Acquired
MAA Grand Courtyards	Dallas, TX		—			2,730		22,240		—		6,749		2,730		28,989		31,719		(15,308	)		16,411	2000	2006
MAA Lowes Farm	Dallas, TX		—			5,016		41,091		—		4,317		5,016		45,408		50,424		(17,601	)		32,823	2008	2011
MAA Frisco Bridges	Dallas, TX		—			14,845		66,571		—		65,132		14,845		131,703		146,548		(30,454	)		116,094	2009/13/21	2013
MAA McKinney Avenue	Dallas, TX		—			34,765		40,127		—		11,682		34,765		51,809		86,574		(13,282	)		73,292	1993/96	2016
MAA Worthington	Dallas, TX		—			13,713		43,268		—		10,192		13,713		53,460		67,173		(12,008	)		55,165	1993/ 2008	2016
MAA Abbey	Dallas, TX		—			2,711		4,369		—		847		2,711		5,216		7,927		(1,295	)		6,632	1996	2016
MAA Addison Circle	Dallas, TX		—			12,308		189,419		—		27,846		12,308		217,265		229,573		(52,494	)		177,079	1998-2000	2016
MAA North Hall	Dallas, TX		—			13,030		14,383		—		4,139		13,030		18,522		31,552		(5,369	)		26,183	1998	2016
MAA Eastside	Dallas, TX		—			7,134		58,095		—		5,412		7,134		63,507		70,641		(16,258	)		54,383	2008	2016
MAA Gallery	Dallas, TX		—			4,391		7,910		—		2,039		4,391		9,949		14,340		(2,853	)		11,487	1999	2016
MAA Heights	Dallas, TX		—			26,245		37,922		—		5,114		26,245		43,036		69,281		(10,931	)		58,350	1998-1999/ 2009	2016
MAA Katy Trail	Dallas, TX		—			10,333		32,456		—		2,332		10,333		34,788		45,121		(7,862	)		37,259	2010	2016
MAA Legacy	Dallas, TX		—	(1)		6,575		55,277		—		6,934		6,575		62,211		68,786		(15,059	)		53,727	2000	2016
MAA Meridian	Dallas, TX		—			8,780		13,654		—		1,468		8,780		15,122		23,902		(3,952	)		19,950	1991	2016
MAA Uptown Village	Dallas, TX		—			34,974		33,213		—		9,735		34,974		42,948		77,922		(11,545	)		66,377	1995-2000	2016
MAA Watermark	Dallas, TX		—			960		14,438		—		4,462		960		18,900		19,860		(10,962	)		8,898	2002	2004
MAA Bear Creek	Euless, TX		—			6,453		30,048		—		6,339		6,453		36,387		42,840		(14,850	)		27,990	1998	2013
MAA Fairview	Fairview, TX		—			2,171		35,077		—		2,641		2,171		37,718		39,889		(13,092	)		26,797	2012	2013
MAA Starwood	Frisco, TX		—			3,240		26,069		—		3,225		3,240		29,294		32,534		(12,334	)		20,200	2009	2010
MAA Grapevine	Grapevine, TX		—			2,351		29,757		—		9,661		2,351		39,418		41,769		(14,886	)		26,883	1985/86	2013
Greenwood Forest	Houston, TX		—			3,465		23,482		—		2,756		3,465		26,238		29,703		(8,844	)		20,859	1994	2013
Legacy Pines	Houston, TX		—			2,142		19,066		—		5,175		2,142		24,241		26,383		(15,171	)		11,212	1999	2003
Park Place Houston	Houston, TX		—			2,061		15,830		—		4,787		2,061		20,617		22,678		(10,569	)		12,109	1996	2007
Post 510	Houston, TX		—			7,226		33,366		—		2,177		7,226		35,543		42,769		(9,253	)		33,516	2014	2016
Post at Afton Oaks	Houston, TX		—			11,503		65,469		—		4,776		11,503		70,245		81,748		(20,468	)		61,280	2017	2016
Post Midtown Square	Houston, TX		—			19,038		89,570		—		9,288		19,038		98,858		117,896		(24,750	)		93,146	1999/ 2013	2016
Ranchstone	Houston, TX		—			1,480		14,807		—		4,509		1,480		19,316		20,796		(9,867	)		10,929	1996	2007
Reserve at Woodwind Lakes	Houston, TX		—			1,968		19,928		—		6,288		1,968		26,216		28,184		(13,867	)		14,317	1999	2006
Retreat at Vintage Park	Houston, TX		—	(1)		8,211		40,352		—		2,942		8,211		43,294		51,505		(9,325	)		42,180	2014	2014
Yale at 6th	Houston, TX		—	(2)		13,107		62,764		—		3,280		13,107		66,044		79,151		(12,234	)		66,917	2015	2016
MAA Park Point	Houston, TX		—			9,031		—		—		45,861		9,031		45,861		54,892		(2,937	)		51,955	N/A	2018
Cascade at Fall Creek	Humble, TX		—			5,985		40,011		—		5,880		5,985		45,891		51,876		(22,501	)		29,375	2007	2007
MAA Bella Casita	Irving, TX		—			2,521		26,432		—		5,855		2,521		32,287		34,808		(12,729	)		22,079	2007	2010
MAA Valley Ranch	Irving, TX		—			5,072		37,397		—		15,799		5,072		53,196		58,268		(22,764	)		35,504	1997	2013
MAA Las Colinas	Irving, TX		—	(2)		3,902		40,691		—		4,259		3,902		44,950		48,852		(15,209	)		33,643	2006	2013
MAA Remington Hills	Irving, TX		—			4,390		21,822		—		15,976		4,390		37,798		42,188		(14,291	)		27,897	1984	2013
MAA Times Square	McKinney, TX		—			1,130		28,058		—		6,575		1,130		34,633		35,763		(14,936	)		20,827	2009	2010
MAA Stonebridge Ranch	McKinney, TX		—			4,034		19,528		—		4,295		4,034		23,823		27,857		(7,450	)		20,407	2000	2013
MAA Market Center	Plano, TX		—			16,894		110,705		—		6,835		16,894		117,540		134,434		(24,535	)		109,899	2013/15	2014
MAA Highwood	Plano, TX		—			864		7,783		—		3,971		864		11,754		12,618		(8,695	)		3,923	1983	1998
MAA Los Rios	Plano, TX		—			3,273		28,823		—		8,238		3,273		37,061		40,334		(23,072	)		17,262	2000	2003
MAA Boulder Ridge	Roanoke, TX		—			3,382		26,930		—		9,126		3,382		36,056		39,438		(20,076	)		19,362	1999	2005
MAA Copper Ridge	Roanoke, TX		—			4,166		—		—		48,957		4,166		48,957		53,123		(12,245	)		40,878	2009/20	2008
MAA Ashton Oaks	Round Rock, TX		—			5,511		36,241		—		4,384		5,511		40,625		46,136		(15,472	)		30,664	2009	2013
MAA Round Rock	Round Rock, TX		—			4,691		45,379		—		4,604		4,691		49,983		54,674		(18,627	)		36,047	1997	2013
MAA Sierra Vista	Round Rock, TX		—			2,561		16,488		—		5,529		2,561		22,017		24,578		(9,252	)		15,326	1999	2013
Alamo Ranch	San Antonio, TX		—			2,380		26,982		—		4,601		2,380		31,583		33,963		(12,997	)		20,966	2009	2011
Bulverde Oaks	San Antonio, TX		—			4,257		36,759		—		3,235		4,257		39,994		44,251		(8,876	)		35,375	2014	2014
Haven at Blanco	San Antonio, TX		—			5,411		45,958		—		5,565		5,411		51,523		56,934		(18,624	)		38,310	2010	2012
Stone Ranch at Westover Hills	San Antonio, TX		—			4,000		24,992		—		4,482		4,000		29,474		33,474		(13,243	)		20,231	2009	2009
Cypresswood Court	Spring, TX		—			576		5,190		—		5,634		576		10,824		11,400		(6,988	)		4,412	1984	1994
Villages at Kirkwood	Stafford, TX		—			1,918		15,846		—		4,985		1,918		20,831		22,749		(11,852	)		10,897	1996	2004
Green Tree Place	Woodlands, TX		—			539		4,850		—		4,735		539		9,585		10,124		(7,054	)		3,070	1984	1994
Stonefield Commons	Charlottesville, VA		—			11,044		36,689		—		2,275		11,044		38,964		50,008		(8,998	)		41,010	2013	2014
Adalay Bay	Chesapeake, VA		—			5,280		31,341		—		4,716		5,280		36,057		41,337		(13,941	)		27,396	2002	2012
Apartments at Cobblestone Square	Fredericksburg, VA		—			10,990		48,696		—		4,483		10,990		53,179		64,169		(13,532	)		50,637	2012	2016
Colonial Village at Greenbrier	Fredericksburg, VA		—			4,842		21,677		—		4,247		4,842		25,924		30,766		(9,146	)		21,620	1980	2013
Seasons at Celebrate Virginia	Fredericksburg, VA		—			14,490		32,083		—		42,108		14,490		74,191		88,681		(22,523	)		66,158	2011	2011
Station Square at Cosner's Corner	Fredericksburg, VA		—			12,825		51,078		—		3,229		12,825		54,307		67,132		(12,486	)		54,646	2013/16	2013
Colonial Village at Hampton Glen	Glen Allen, VA		—			4,851		21,678		—		4,597		4,851		26,275		31,126		(10,260	)		20,866	1986	2013
Colonial Village at West End	Glen Allen, VA		—			4,661		18,908		—		3,667		4,661		22,575		27,236		(8,778	)		18,458	1987	2013
Township in Hampton Woods	Hampton, VA		—			1,509		8,189		—		9,095		1,509		17,284		18,793		(12,605	)		6,188	1987	1995
Colonial Village at Waterford	Midlothian, VA		—			6,733		29,221		—		6,781		6,733		36,002		42,735		(14,448	)		28,287	1989	2013
Radius	Newport News, VA		—			5,040		36,481		—		5,803		5,040		42,284		47,324		(9,230	)		38,094	2012	2015
Ashley Park	Richmond, VA		—			4,761		13,365		—		4,058		4,761		17,423		22,184		(7,484	)		14,700	1988	2013
Colonial Village at Chase Gayton	Richmond, VA		—			6,021		29,004		—		5,724		6,021		34,728		40,749		(13,537	)		27,212	1984	2013
Hamptons at Hunton Park	Richmond, VA		—			4,930		35,598		—		7,249		4,930		42,847		47,777		(16,853	)		30,924	2003	2011
Retreat at West Creek	Richmond, VA		—			10,112		36,136		—		15,843		10,112		51,979		62,091		(10,159	)		51,932	2015/17	2015
Post Carlyle Square	Washington D.C.		—			29,728		154,309		—		5,829		29,728		160,138		189,866		(37,099	)		152,767	2006/13	2016
Post Corners at Trinity Center	Washington D.C.		—			7,664		70,012		—		3,955		7,664		73,967		81,631		(17,218	)		64,413	1996	2016

F-36

					Initial Cost				Costs Capitalized Subsequent<br>to Acquisition				Gross Amount carried as of<br>December 31, 2022
Property	Location	Encumbrances			Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Land		Buildings<br>and Fixtures		Total (3)		Accumulated<br>Depreciation (4)			Net		Date of<br>Construction	Date<br>Acquired
Post Fallsgrove	Washington D.C.		—			17,524		58,896		—		5,721		17,524		64,617		82,141		(15,716	)		66,425	2003	2016
MAA National Landing	Washington D.C.		—			30,452		125,091		—		17,716		30,452		142,807		173,259		(34,180	)		139,079	2001	2016
Post Tysons Corner	Washington D.C.		—			30,776		82,021		—		10,584		30,776		92,605		123,381		(21,184	)		102,197	1990	2016
Total Residential Properties			3,861			1,874,523		9,907,359		—		2,784,336		1,874,523		12,691,695		14,566,218		(4,226,114	)		10,340,104
220 Riverside Retail	Jacksonville, FL		—			119		2,902		—		923		119		3,825		3,944		(436	)		3,508	2015	2019
MAA Parkside Retail	Orlando, FL		—			742		11,924		—		1,345		742		13,269		14,011		(3,157	)		10,854	1999	2016
MAA Robinson Retail	Orlando, FL		—			—		563		—		166		—		729		729		(22	)		707	2021	2018
MAA Harbour Island Retail	Tampa, FL		—			386		4,315		—		354		386		4,669		5,055		(1,062	)		3,993	1997	2016
MAA Rocky Point Retail	Tampa, FL		—			34		51		—		406		34		457		491		(253	)		238	1994-1996	2016
MAA SoHo Square Retail	Tampa, FL		—	(1)		268		4,033		—		50		268		4,083		4,351		(1,334	)		3,017	2012	2016
MAA Buckhead Retail	Atlanta, GA		—			867		3,465		—		1,004		867		4,469		5,336		(1,420	)		3,916	2012	2012
MAA Piedmont Park Retail	Atlanta, GA		—			426		1,089		—		22		426		1,111		1,537		(273	)		1,264	1999	2016
MAA Riverside Office	Atlanta, GA		—			9,680		22,108		—		11,725		9,680		33,833		43,513		(9,232	)		34,281	1996	2016
MAA Riverside Retail	Atlanta, GA		—			889		2,340		—		2,637		889		4,977		5,866		(1,125	)		4,741	1996	2016
Post Training Facility	Atlanta, GA		—			1,092		968		—		33		1,092		1,001		2,093		(485	)		1,608	1999	2016
MAA West Village Retail	Smyrna, GA		—			3,408		8,446		—		1,704		3,408		10,150		13,558		(2,865	)		10,693	2012	2014
The Denton Retail	Kansas City, MO		—			700		4,439		—		795		700		5,234		5,934		(1,230	)		4,704	2014	2015
MAA 1225 Retail	Charlotte, NC		—			52		199		—		249		52		448		500		(192	)		308	2010	2010
MAA Gateway Retail	Charlotte, NC		—			318		1,430		—		81		318		1,511		1,829		(371	)		1,458	2000	2016
MAA South Line Retail	Charlotte, NC		—			470		1,289		—		287		470		1,576		2,046		(375	)		1,671	2009	2016
MAA Uptown Retail	Charlotte, NC		—			319		1,144		—		25		319		1,169		1,488		(278	)		1,210	1998	2016
MAA Leasing Center	Charlotte, NC		—			1,290		1,488		—		173		1,290		1,661		2,951		(405	)		2,546	1998	2016
MAA Hue Retail	Raleigh, NC		—			—		2,129		—		100		—		2,229		2,229		(330	)		1,899	2010	2018
MAA Wade Park Retail	Raleigh, NC		—			317		4,552		—		102		317		4,654		4,971		(1,445	)		3,526	2011	2016
The Greene Retail	Greenville, SC		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—	2019	2019
MAA South Lamar Retail	Austin, TX		—			421		3,072		—		673		421		3,745		4,166		(836	)		3,330	2011	2016
MAA Frisco Bridges Retail	Dallas, TX		—			779		6,593		—		687		779		7,280		8,059		(1,959	)		6,100	2009	2016
MAA McKinney Avenue Retail	Dallas, TX		—			1,581		5,982		—		449		1,581		6,431		8,012		(1,461	)		6,551	1996	2016
MAA Worthington Retail	Dallas, TX		—			108		495		—		422		108		917		1,025		(206	)		819	1993/ 2008	2016
MAA Addison Circle Office	Dallas, TX		—			1,395		4,280		—		1,480		1,395		5,760		7,155		(1,713	)		5,442	1998-2000	2016
MAA Addison Circle Retail	Dallas, TX		—			448		21,386		—		2,561		448		23,947		24,395		(6,181	)		18,214	1998-2000	2016
MAA North Hall Retail	Dallas, TX		—			347		716		—		84		347		800		1,147		(237	)		910	1998	2016
MAA Eastside Retail	Dallas, TX		—			682		10,645		—		677		682		11,322		12,004		(2,669	)		9,335	2008	2016
MAA Heights Retail	Dallas, TX		—			1,065		3,314		—		673		1,065		3,987		5,052		(907	)		4,145	1997	2016
MAA Katy Trail Retail	Dallas, TX		—			465		4,883		—		99		465		4,982		5,447		(1,118	)		4,329	2010	2016
MAA Legacy Retail	Dallas, TX		—	(1)		150		3,334		—		446		150		3,780		3,930		(846	)		3,084	2000	2016
Post Midtown Square Retail	Houston, TX		—			1,322		16,005		—		533		1,322		16,538		17,860		(3,879	)		13,981	1999/ 2013	2016
Rise Condo Devel LP Retail	Houston, TX		—			—		2,280		—		67		—		2,347		2,347		(558	)		1,789	1999/ 2013	2016
MAA Bella Casita Retail	Irving, TX		—			46		186		—		202		46		388		434		(151	)		283	2007	2010
MAA Times Square Retail	McKinney, TX		—			253		1,310		—		4,804		253		6,114		6,367		(1,475	)		4,892	2009	2010
Post Carlyle Square Retail	Washington D.C.		—			1,048		7,930		—		120		1,048		8,050		9,098		(1,902	)		7,196	2006/16	2016
Total Retail / Commercial Properties			—			31,487		171,285		—		36,158		31,487		207,443		238,930		(52,388	)		186,542
Novel Val Vista	Phoenix, AZ		—			7,285		—		—		52,363		7,285		52,363		59,648		—			59,648	N/A	2020
Novel West Midtown	Atlanta, GA		—			7,000		—		—		65,536		7,000		65,536		72,536		—			72,536	N/A	2021
Novel Daybreak	Salt Lake City, UT		—			7,025		—		—		67,170		7,025		67,170		74,195		—			74,195	N/A	2021
MAA Milepost 35	Denver, CO		—			12,572		—		—		32,604		12,572		32,604		45,176		—			45,176	N/A	2022
MAA Nixie	Raleigh, NC		—			8,897		—		—		4,548		8,897		4,548		13,445		—			13,445	N/A	2022
MAA Breakwater	Tampa, FL		—			23,514		—		—		9,723		23,514		9,723		33,237		—			33,237	N/A	2022
Total Active Development Properties			—			66,293		—		—		231,944		66,293		231,944		298,237		—			298,237
Total Properties			3,861			1,972,303		10,078,644		—		3,052,438		1,972,303		13,131,082		15,103,385		(4,278,502	)		10,824,883
Total Land Held for Future Developments			—			64,312		—		—		—		64,312		—		64,312		—			64,312	N/A	Various
Total Properties in Predevelopment			—			36,061		—		—		6,205		36,061		6,205		42,266		—			42,266	N/A	Various
Corporate Properties			—			—		36,695		—		—		—		36,695		36,695		(24,245	)		12,450	Various	Various
Total Other			—			100,373		36,695		—		6,205		100,373		42,900		143,273		(24,245	)		119,028
Total Real Estate Assets, net of Real Estate Joint Venture		$	3,861		$	2,072,676	$	10,115,339	$	—	$	3,058,643	$	2,072,676	$	13,173,982	$	15,246,658	$	(4,302,747	)	$	10,943,911

(1) Encumbered by a $191.3 million secured property mortgage, with a fixed interest rate of 4.43%, which matures on February 10, 2049.

(2) Encumbered by a $172.0 million secured property mortgage, with a fixed interest rate of 4.44%, which matures on January 10, 2049.

(3) The aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes was approximately $12.2 billion (unaudited) as of December 31, 2022. The aggregate cost for book purposes exceeds the total gross amount of real estate assets for federal income tax purposes, principally due to purchase accounting adjustments recorded under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

(4) Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful asset life, which ranges from five to 40 years for land improvements and buildings, three to five years for furniture, fixtures and equipment and approximately six months for the fair market value of in-place residential leases.

F-37

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation

Years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

The following table summarizes the Company’s changes in real estate investments and accumulated depreciation for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands):

	2022			2021			2020
Real estate investments:
Balance at beginning of year	$	14,704,237		$	14,338,895		$	13,898,707
Acquisitions (1)		272,342			44,086			56,327
Less: fair market value of leases included in acquisitions		(1,505	)		—			—
Improvement and development		469,661			506,775			437,268
Disposition of real estate assets (2)		(198,077	)		(185,519	)		(53,407	)
Balance at end of year	$	15,246,658		$	14,704,237		$	14,338,895
Accumulated depreciation:
Balance at beginning of year	$	3,848,161		$	3,415,105		$	2,955,253
Depreciation		540,708			531,848			508,746
Disposition of real estate assets (2)		(86,122	)		(98,792	)		(48,894	)
Balance at end of year	$	4,302,747		$	3,848,161		$	3,415,105

(1) Includes non-cash activity related to acquisitions.

(2) Includes assets sold, casualty losses, and removal of certain fully depreciated assets.

See accompanying reports of independent registered public accounting firm.

F-38

EX-21

EXHIBIT 21.1

List of Subsidiaries of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

Alabama

CPSI, LLC

Colonial/DPL JV, LLC

CPSI-UCO Spanish Oaks, LLC

CPSI-UCO, LLC

Forty Seven Canal Place, LLC

Highway 31 Alabaster Two, LLC

Highway 31 Alabaster, LLC

Delaware

1499 Massachusetts Avenue, Inc.

1499 Massachusetts Holding, LLC

Brighton Apartments, LLC

CC Daybreak, LLC

CC Val Vista, LLC

CC West Midtown, LLC

CMS/Colonial Multifamily Canyon Creek JV, LP

Colonial Commercial Contracting, LLC

Colonial Construction Services, LLC

Colonial Office Holdings LLC

Colonial Multifamily Canyon Creek GP, LLC

CP D'Iberville JV, LLC

CPSI Mizner, LLC

CRLP Huntsville TIC Investor I LLC

CRLP Huntsville TIC Investor II LLC

CRLP Huntsville TIC Investor III LLC

Heathrow 4, LLC

MAA Alloy, LLC

MAA Arkansas REIT, LLC

MAA Holdings, LLC

MAA WWARRS, LLC

Midtown Phoenix 2018, LLC

Montecito Mizner, LLC

P/C First Avenue, LLC

Post Carlyle II, LLC

Sand Lake 2019, LLC

Stone Ranch at Westover Hills, LLC

Florida

MAA Westshore Exchange LLC

Georgia

3630 South Tower Residential, LLC

98 San Jac Holdings, LLC

Carlyle Condominium Development, LLC

Clyde Lane Condominium Development, LLC

Merritt at Godley Station, LLC

PAH Lender, LLC

Park Land Development, LLC

PBP Apartments, LLC

PF Apartments, LLC

PL Conservation, LLC

Post 1499 Massachusetts, LLC

Post Alexander II, LLC

Post Asset Management, Inc.

Post Carlyle I, LLC

Post Centennial Park, LLC

Post Corners, LLC

Post Denver Investor, LLC

Post Galleria, LLC

Post Hyde Park, LLC

Post Midtown Atlanta, LLC

Post Midtown Square GP, LLC

Post Midtown Square, L.P.

Post Park, LLC

Post Park Development, LLC

Post Parkside at Wade II GP, LLC

Post Parkside at Wade II, L.P.

Post Services, LLC

Post South End GP, LLC

Post South End, L.P.

Post Wade Tract M-2, L.P.

Rise Condominium Development, LLC

Rocky Point Management, LLC

Spring Land, LLC

North Carolina

MAA LoSo Exchange, LLC

Midtown Redevelopment Partners, LLC

Tennessee

Brighter View Insurance Company, LLC

Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

Texas

Akard-McKinney Investment Company, LLC

MAA of Copper Ridge, Inc.

EX-23

EXHIBIT 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

(1) Registration Statements (Form S-3 Nos. 33-96852, 333-82526, 333-190028 and 333-258271) of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and in the related Prospectuses,

(2) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-253298) pertaining to the Dividend and Distribution Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and in the related Prospectus,

(3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-123945) pertaining to the Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Outside Company Directors of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.,

(4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-115834) pertaining to the Fourth Amended and Restated 1994 Restricted Stock and Stock Option Plan and the 2004 Stock Plan of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.,

(5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 33-91416) pertaining to the 1994 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.,

(6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-191541) pertaining to the Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, Colonial Properties Trust 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan and Colonial Properties Trust Third Amended and Restated Shares Option and Restricted Shares Plan,

(7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-196250) pertaining to the Amended and Restated Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan,

(8) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-225136) pertaining to the Second Amended and Restated Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, and

(9) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-214993) pertaining to the Amended and Restated Post Properties, Inc. 2003 Incentive Stock Plan

of our reports dated February 14, 2023, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. and Mid-America Apartments, L.P. for the year ended December 31, 2022.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Memphis, Tennessee

February 14, 2023

EX-23

EXHIBIT 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-258271-01) of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. and in the related Prospectus of our report dated February 14, 2023, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) of Mid-America Apartments, L.P., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Memphis, Tennessee

February 14, 2023

EX-31

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, H. Eric Bolton, Jr., certify that:

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
	H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
	Chairman of the Board of Directors
	Chief Executive Officer

EX-31

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Albert M. Campbell, III, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
	Albert M. Campbell, III
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-31

EXHIBIT 31.3

CERTIFICATION

I, H. Eric Bolton, Jr., certify that:

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
	H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
	Chairman of the Board of Directors
	Chief Executive Officer<br><br>Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

EX-31

EXHIBIT 31.4

CERTIFICATION

I, Albert M. Campbell, III, certify that:

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
	Albert M. Campbell, III
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br>Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, H. Eric Bolton, Jr., Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		Chairman of the Board of Directors
		Chief Executive Officer

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Albert M. Campbell, III, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
		Albert M. Campbell, III
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32.3

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, H. Eric Bolton, Jr., Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of the Operating Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Operating Partnership.

Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		H. Eric Bolton, Jr.
		Chairman of the Board of Directors
		Chief Executive Officer<br><br>Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32.4

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Mid-America Apartments, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Albert M. Campbell, III, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of the Operating Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Operating Partnership.

Date:	February 14, 2023	/s/ Albert M. Campbell, III
		Albert M. Campbell, III
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer<br><br>Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., general partner of Mid-America Apartments, L.P.

10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

001-12762

333-190028-01

MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.

6815 Poplar Avenue, Suite 500, Germantown, Tennessee, 38138

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (901) 682-6600

Documents Incorporated by Reference

MID-AMERICA APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

MID-AMERICA APARTMENTS, L.P.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Explanatory Note

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

PART I

Item 1. Business.

Overview

Business Objectives

Operations

Acquisitions and Development

Dispositions

Property Redevelopment and Repositioning Activity

Portfolio Strategy

Human Capital

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

Well-being and Development

Communication and Engagement

Capital Structure

Competition and Market Demand

Environmental Matters

Government Regulations

Qualification as a Real Estate Investment Trust

Website Access to Our Reports

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Risks Related to Our Real Estate Investments and Our Operations

Disease outbreaks and other public health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have materially impacted our business, and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected by factors relating to a pandemic.

Unfavorable market and economic conditions could adversely affect occupancy levels, rental revenues and the value of our properties.

Failure to generate sufficient cash flow could limit our ability to make payments on our debt and to make distributions.

We are dependent on a concentration of our investments in a single asset class, making our results of operations more vulnerable to a downturn or slowdown in the sector or other economic factors.

Our operations are concentrated in the Southeast, Southwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S.; we are subject to general economic conditions in the regions in which we operate.

Substantial competition among apartment communities and real estate companies may adversely affect our revenues and acquisition and development opportunities.

Failure to succeed in new markets may have adverse consequences on our performance.

Environmental problems are possible and can be costly.

Our business and operations are subject to physical and transition risks related to climate change.

Operations from new acquisitions, development projects and redevelopment activities may fail to perform as expected.

We are subject to certain risks associated with selling apartment communities, which could limit our operational and financial flexibility.

Development and construction risks could impact our profitability.

Increasing real estate taxes, utilities and insurance premiums may negatively impact operating results.

Short-term leases expose us to the effects of declining market rents and we may be unable to renew leases or relet units as leases expire.

We rely on information technology systems in our operations, and any breach or security failure of those systems could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and reputation.

Compliance or failure to comply with laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our operations and the values of our properties.

Legal proceedings that we become involved in from time to time could adversely affect our business.

Extreme weather or natural disasters may cause significant damage to our properties and losses from catastrophes could exceed our insurance coverage.

Acts of violence could decrease the value of our assets and could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Financing Activities

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unable to renew, repay or refinance our outstanding debt, which could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

Rising interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.

We may incur additional debt in the future, which may adversely impact our financial condition.

The restrictive terms of certain of our indebtedness may cause acceleration of debt payments.

A downgrade in our credit ratings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Financing may not be available and could be dilutive.

Risks Related to MAA’s Organization and Ownership of Its Stock

MAA’s ownership limit restricts the transferability of its capital stock.

Future offerings of debt or equity securities, which may rank senior to MAA’s stock, may adversely affect the market price of MAA’s stock.

The form, timing and amount of dividend distributions in future periods may vary and be impacted by economic and other considerations.

Provisions of MAA’s charter and Tennessee law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of MAA.

Ownership Limit

Preferred Stock

Tennessee Anti-Takeover Statutes

Third-party expectations relating to environmental, social and governance factors may impose additional costs and expose us to new risks.

Market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market value of MAA’s common stock.

Changes in market conditions or a failure to meet the market’s expectations with regard to our results of operations and cash distributions could adversely affect the market price of MAA’s common stock.

Risks Related to the Operating Partnership’s Organization and Ownership of OP Units

In certain circumstances, certain of the Operating Partnership’s unitholders must approve the Operating Partnership’s sale of certain properties contributed by the unitholders.

MAA, its officers and directors have substantial influence over the Operating Partnership’s affairs.

Insufficient cash flow from operations or a decline in the market price of MAA’s common stock may reduce the amount of cash available to the Operating Partnership to meet its obligations.