Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd 10-Q for FY2025 Q3
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. (NCLH)
About this 10-Q
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd filed this 10-Q on November 4, 2025, covering the quarter ended September 30, 2025 (FY2025 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended September 30, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $2.94B
- up 4.7% from $2.81B a year earlier
- Net income
- $419.3M
- down 11.7% from net income of $474.93M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $0.86
- down 9.5% from $0.95 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
For the quarterly period ended
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For the transition period from to
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There were
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 |
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| 2024 | ||||
Revenue |
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Passenger ticket | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Onboard and other | |
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Total revenue | |
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Cruise operating expense | |
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Commissions, transportation and other | |
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Onboard and other | |
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Payroll and related | |
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Fuel | |
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Food | |
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Other | |
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Total cruise operating expense | |
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Other operating expense | |
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Marketing, general and administrative | |
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Depreciation and amortization | |
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Total other operating expense | |
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Operating income | |
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Non-operating income (expense) | |
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Interest expense, net | |
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Other income (expense), net | |
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Total non-operating income (expense) | |
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Net income before income taxes | |
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Income tax expense | |
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Net income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Weighted-average shares outstanding | |
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Basic | |
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Diluted | |
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Earnings per share | |
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Basic | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | ||||
Diluted | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Net income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Other comprehensive income (loss): | |
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Shipboard Retirement Plan | |
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Cash flow hedges: | |
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Net unrealized gain (loss) | |
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Amount realized and reclassified into earnings | |
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Total other comprehensive income (loss) | |
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Total comprehensive income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
| | September 30, | | December 31, | ||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||
Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | | | $ | |
Accounts receivable, net | |
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Inventories | |
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Prepaid expenses and other assets | |
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Total current assets | |
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Property and equipment, net | |
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Goodwill | |
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Trade names | |
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Other long-term assets | |
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Total assets | | $ | | | $ | |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity | |
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Current liabilities: | |
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Current portion of long-term debt | | $ | | | $ | |
Accounts payable | |
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Accrued expenses and other liabilities | |
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Advance ticket sales | |
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Total current liabilities | |
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Long-term debt | |
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Other long-term liabilities | |
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Total liabilities | |
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) | |
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Shareholders’ equity: | |
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Ordinary shares, $ | |
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Additional paid-in capital | |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | |
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Accumulated deficit | |
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Total shareholders’ equity | |
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Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Nine Months Ended | ||||
| | September 30, | ||||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||
Cash flows from operating activities |
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Net income | | $ | | | $ | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |
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Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | |
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Gain on derivatives | | | ( | | | ( |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | |
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Provision for bad debts and inventory obsolescence | |
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Gain on involuntary conversion of assets | | | ( | | | ( |
Share-based compensation expense | |
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Net foreign currency adjustments on euro-denominated debt | |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |
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Accounts receivable, net | |
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Inventories | |
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Prepaid expenses and other assets | |
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Accounts payable | |
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Accrued expenses and other liabilities | |
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Advance ticket sales | |
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Net cash provided by operating activities | |
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Cash flows from investing activities | |
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Additions to property and equipment, net | |
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Cash paid on settlement of derivatives | | | ( | | | — |
Acquisition, net of cash acquired | | | — | | | ( |
Other | | | ( | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | |
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Cash flows from financing activities | |
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Repayments of long-term debt | |
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Proceeds from long-term debt | |
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Common share issuance proceeds, net | | | | | | — |
Net share settlement of restricted share units | |
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Early redemption premium | |
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Deferred financing fees | |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | |
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Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Additional | | Other | | | | Total | ||||
| | Ordinary | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Shareholders’ | |||||
| | Shares |
| Capital |
| Income (Loss) |
| Deficit |
| Equity | |||||
Balance, June 30, 2025 |
| $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Share-based compensation |
| | — | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Common share issuance proceeds, net | | | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Common share issuance for NCLC exchangeable notes | | | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Net share settlement of restricted share units |
| | — | | | ( | | | — | | | — | | | ( |
Other comprehensive income, net |
| | — | | | — | | | | | | — | | | |
Net income |
| | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | | |
Balance, September 30, 2025 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
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| | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Additional | | Other | | | | Total | ||||
| | Ordinary | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Shareholders’ | |||||
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| Shares |
| Capital |
| Income (Loss) |
| Deficit |
| Equity | |||||
Balance, December 31, 2024 |
| $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Share-based compensation |
| | — |
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Issuance of shares under employee-related plans |
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Common share issuance proceeds, net | | | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Common share issuance for NCLC exchangeable notes | | | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Net share settlement of restricted share units |
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| | ( |
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Other comprehensive income, net |
| | — |
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Net income |
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| | — |
| | — |
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Balance, September 30, 2025 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity - Continued
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | Accumulated |
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| | | | | Additional | | Other | | | | Total | ||||
| | Ordinary | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Shareholders’ | |||||
| | Shares |
| Capital |
| Income (Loss) |
| Deficit |
| Equity | |||||
Balance, June 30, 2024 |
| $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Share-based compensation |
| | — |
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Net share settlement of restricted share units |
| | — |
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Other comprehensive loss, net |
| | — |
| | — |
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Net income |
| | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | | |
Balance, September 30, 2024 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
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| | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||
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| | | | | Additional | | Other | | | | Total | ||||
| | Ordinary | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Shareholders’ | |||||
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| Shares |
| Capital |
| Income (Loss) |
| Deficit |
| Equity | |||||
Balance, December 31, 2023 |
| $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Share-based compensation |
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Issuance of shares under employee-related plans |
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| | ( |
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Common share issuance for NCLC exchangeable notes | | | | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Net share settlement of restricted share units |
| | — |
| | ( |
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Other comprehensive loss, net | | | — |
| | — |
| | ( |
| | — |
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Net income |
| | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | | |
Balance, September 30, 2024 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this report to (i) the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to NCLH (as defined below) and its subsidiaries, (ii) “NCLC” refers to NCL Corporation Ltd., (iii) “NCLH” refers to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., (iv) “Norwegian Cruise Line” or “Norwegian” refers to the Norwegian Cruise Line brand and its predecessors, (v) “Oceania Cruises” refers to the Oceania Cruises brand and (vi) “Regent” refers to the Regent Seven Seas Cruises brand.
References to the “U.S.” are to the United States of America, “dollar(s)” or “$” are to U.S. dollars and “euro(s)” or “€” are to the official currency of the Eurozone. We refer you to “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Terminology” for the capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined throughout these notes to our consolidated financial statements.
1. Description of Business and Organization
We are a leading global cruise company, which operates the Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises and Regent Seven Seas Cruises brands. As of September 30, 2025, we had
We have
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Liquidity
As of September 30, 2025, we had liquidity of approximately $
We will continue to pursue various opportunities to optimize our liquidity, refinance future debt maturities to reduce interest expense and/or extend the maturity dates associated with our existing indebtedness. If needed, we will obtain relevant financial covenant amendments or waivers.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in our opinion, contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented.
Our operations are seasonal and results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year. Historically, demand for cruises has been strongest during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer months. The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024, which are included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025.
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Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the basic weighted-average number of shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income and assumed conversion of exchangeable notes by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.
A reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share was as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Net income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Effect of dilutive securities - exchangeable notes | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income and assumed conversion of exchangeable notes - Diluted EPS | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding | |
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Dilutive effect of share awards | |
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Dilutive effect of exchangeable notes | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding | |
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Basic EPS | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Diluted EPS | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Each exchangeable note (see Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt”) is individually evaluated for its dilutive or anti-dilutive impact on EPS as determined under the if-converted method. Only the interest expense and weighted average shares for exchangeable notes that are dilutive are included in the effect of dilutive securities. For the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes and 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes, we are required to settle the principal amount in cash and have the option to settle the conversion spread in cash or shares. If the conversion value of the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes and 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes does not exceed their conversion price for a reporting period, then the shares underlying the notes will not be reflected in the Company’s calculation of diluted EPS. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the price of NCLH’s ordinary shares did not exceed the conversion price, and therefore, there was no impact to diluted EPS. Share awards are evaluated for a dilutive or anti-dilutive impact on EPS using the treasury stock method. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, a total of
Segment Reporting
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which aims to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 has been applied retrospectively.
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The below table includes our calculation of adjusted operating income, our significant expenses therein, and a reconciliation of adjusted operating income to net income before income taxes (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
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| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Total revenue | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Cruise operating expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commissions, transportation and other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Onboard and other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted payroll and related (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Food | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted total cruise operating expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other operating expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted marketing, general and administrative (2) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted total other operating expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted operating income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted operating income | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Non-cash compensation (3) | | | ( | | | ( | | | ( | | | ( |
Interest expense, net | | | ( | | | ( | | | ( | | | ( |
Other income (expense), net | | | | | | ( | | | ( | | | ( |
Net income before income taxes | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
| (1) | Excludes non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards for shipboard officers (see Note 9 – “Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans”) and non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan as follows (in thousands): |
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
| | 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Service cost | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
| (2) | Excludes non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards for corporate employees (see Note 9 – “Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans”). |
| (3) | Includes non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in payroll and related expense and marketing, general and administrative expense. |
Foreign Currency
The majority of our transactions are settled in U.S. dollars. We remeasure assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting gains or losses are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations within other income (expense), net. We recognized a gain of $
11
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
The amortization of deferred financing fees is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of cash flows; however, for purposes of the consolidated statements of operations they are included in interest expense, net.
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information as well as certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and will be applied on a prospective basis. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements other than the expanded disclosure in our notes to the consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”), which requires disaggregation of certain costs and expenses, including employee compensation, and requires other improvements to disclosures. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The update may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. We are evaluating the impact of ASU 2024-03 on our notes to the consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (“ASU 2025-06”), which removes the prescriptive software development stages and replaces them with a probable-to-complete recognition threshold. These changes also apply to website development costs. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The update may be applied using a prospective, modified or retrospective transition approach. We will evaluate the impact of ASU 2025-06 on our consolidated financial statements.
3. Revenue Recognition
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors in various geographical regions. Revenues by destination were as follows (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
North America | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Europe | |
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| |
Asia-Pacific | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
Other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
12
North America includes the U.S., the Caribbean, Canada and Mexico. Europe includes the Baltic region, Canary Islands and Mediterranean. Asia-Pacific includes Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Other includes all other international territories.
Geographic Concentration
Although we sell cruises on an international basis, our passenger ticket revenue is primarily attributed to U.S.-sourced guests who make reservations through the U.S. Our revenue attributable to U.S.-sourced guests has approximated
Contract Balances
Receivables from customers are included within accounts receivable, net. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our receivables from customers were $
Our contract liabilities are included within advance ticket sales. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our contract liabilities were $
4. Leases
Operating Leases - Lessee
Operating lease balances were as follows (in thousands):
|
| Balance Sheet location |
| September 30, 2025 |
| December 31, 2024 | ||
Operating leases |
|
|
| |
| | |
|
Right-of-use assets |
| | $ | | | $ | | |
Current operating lease liabilities |
| | | | | | | |
Non-current operating lease liabilities |
| | | | | | | |
Operating Leases - Lessor
In April 2025, we executed long-term leases for
13
5. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was as follows (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | | |||||||
|
| | |
| | | | Change | | |
| | Accumulated | | Change | | Related to | | |||
| | Other | | Related to | | Shipboard | | |||
| | Comprehensive | | Cash Flow | | Retirement | | |||
|
| Income (Loss) |
| Hedges | | Plan | | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of period | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
|
Current period other comprehensive income before reclassifications | |
| | |
| |
|
| — |
|
Amounts reclassified into earnings | |
| | |
| | (1) |
| | (2) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | (3) | $ | |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was as follows (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | | |||||||
|
| | |
| | | | Change |
| |
| | Accumulated | | Change | | Related to | | |||
| | Other | | Related to | | Shipboard | | |||
| | Comprehensive | | Cash Flow | | Retirement | | |||
|
| Income (Loss) |
| Hedges | | Plan | | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of period |
| $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
|
Current period other comprehensive loss before reclassifications |
|
| ( |
|
| ( |
|
| — |
|
Amounts reclassified into earnings |
|
| ( |
|
| ( | (1) |
| | (2) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period |
| $ | ( |
| $ | ( | | $ | |
|
| (1) | We refer you to Note 8 – “Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives” for the affected line items in the consolidated statements of operations. |
| (2) | Amortization of prior-service cost and actuarial loss reclassified to other income (expense), net. |
| (3) | Includes $ |
6.Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net increased $
7. Long-Term Debt
In January 2025, the full amount of outstanding borrowings under the Breakaway one loan, Breakaway two loan, Marina newbuild loan and Riviera newbuild loan, plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, was repaid with funds drawn from the Revolving Loan Facility, and the related collateral was also released.
Also in January 2025, NCLC issued $
14
to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, at any time and from time to time prior to the 2032 Notes First Call Date, NCLC may redeem up to
The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2032 Notes, together with cash on hand, were used to redeem $
Concurrently with the above January 2025 transactions, NCLC entered into an amended and restated Revolving Loan Facility (the “Seventh ARCA”). The Seventh ARCA, among other things, increased the aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Loan Facility from $
In March 2025, we took delivery of Norwegian Aqua. We had export credit financing in place for
In April 2025, NCLC entered into individually negotiated note exchange agreements with certain existing holders (the “Holders”) of the 2025 Exchangeable Notes, pursuant to which NCLC and the Holders agreed to exchange (the “Exchange”) approximately $
Additionally, in April 2025, the Company completed registered direct offerings of
15
Company entered into individually negotiated share purchase agreements with the Holders. The Company used the net proceeds from the April Equity Offerings, together with cash on hand, to make the Cash Payment.
The 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes are general senior unsecured obligations of NCLC and guaranteed by NCLH on a senior unsecured basis. Holders may exchange all or a portion of the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes at the holder’s option (i) at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 15, 2029, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods, and (ii) on or after October 15, 2029 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, regardless of whether such conditions have been met. Upon exchange of the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes, NCLC will satisfy its exchange obligation by paying cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes to be exchanged and paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, ordinary shares or a combination of cash and ordinary shares, at NCLC’s election, in respect of the remainder, if any, of NCLC’s exchange obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes to be exchanged. The initial exchange rate per $
In June 2025, NCLC entered into an amendment to the Seventh ARCA (the “ARCA Amendment”). The ARCA Amendment increased the aggregate amount of the lenders’ commitments under the Revolving Loan Facility from $
In July 2025, we took delivery of Oceania Allura. We have export credit financing in place for
In September 2025, NCLC issued approximately $
NCLC used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes, together with the proceeds from the September Equity Offering (as defined below) and cash on hand, to repurchase (the “Repurchases”) (through its agent) approximately $
16
Exchangeable Notes for approximately $
Additionally, in September 2025, the Company completed a registered direct offering of
Also in September 2025, NCLC issued (i) $
NCLC may, at its option, redeem the 2033 Notes, in whole or in part, (i) prior to September 15, 2028 (the “2033 Notes First Call Date”), at a redemption price equal to
The 2031 Notes and 2033 Notes indentures each contain covenants that limit the ability of NCLC and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on certain assets to secure debt; (ii) enter into sale leaseback transactions; and (iii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their assets.
NCLC used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2031 Notes and 2033 Notes, together with cash on hand, to (i) fund its cash tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) to repurchase any and all of its outstanding 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) and its 5.875% senior secured notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”), (ii) redeem all of the 2026 Notes and 2027 Notes that were not accepted for purchase in the Tender Offer, (iii) redeem all of its 8.125% senior secured notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) and (iv) pay accrued and unpaid interest on the 2026 Notes, the 2027 Notes and the 2029 Notes purchased or redeemed, as applicable, as well as pay related transaction premiums, fees and expenses. The repayment of the 2027 Notes and the 2029 Notes also released the related collateral, after which NCLC revised its collateral on the Revolving Loan Facility by substituting certain ships. The Revolving Loan Facility and related guarantees are now secured by first-priority interests in, among other things and subject to certain agreed security principles,
17
Exchangeable Notes
The following is a summary of NCLC’s exchangeable notes as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
| | | | | Unamortized | | | | | | | | | |
| | Principal | | Deferred | | Net Carrying | | Fair Value | ||||||
|
| Amount |
| Financing Fees |
| Amount |
| Amount |
| Leveling | ||||
2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
The following is a summary of NCLC’s exchangeable notes as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
| | | | | Unamortized | | | | | | | | | |
| | Principal | | Deferred | | Net Carrying | | Fair Value | ||||||
|
| Amount |
| Financing Fees |
| Amount |
| Amount |
| Leveling | ||||
2025 Exchangeable Notes (1) | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | | | $ | | | Level 2 |
2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | Level 2 |
| (1) | Classified within current portion of long-term debt. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, substantially all the remaining holders of the 2025 Exchangeable Notes elected to exchange their notes for |
The following provides a summary of the interest expense of NCLC’s exchangeable notes (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
| | 2025 |
| 2024 | | 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Coupon interest | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Amortization of deferred financing fees | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
As of September 30, 2025, the effective interest rate is
18
Debt Repayments
The following are scheduled principal repayments on our long-term debt including exchangeable notes, portions of which can be settled in NCLH ordinary shares, and finance lease obligations as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
Year |
| Amount | |
Remainder of 2025 | | $ | |
2026 | |
| |
2027 | |
| |
2028 | |
| |
2029 | |
| |
2030 | | | |
Thereafter | |
| |
Total | | $ | |
Debt Covenants
As of September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. If we do not continue to remain in compliance with our covenants, we would have to seek additional amendments to or waivers of our covenants. However, no assurances can be made that such amendments or waivers would be approved by our lenders. Generally, if an event of default under any debt agreement occurs, then pursuant to cross default and/or cross acceleration clauses, substantially all of our outstanding debt and derivative contract payables could become due, and all debt and derivative contracts could be terminated, which would have a material adverse impact on our operations and liquidity.
8. Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives
Fair value is defined as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability).
Derivatives are generally recorded at fair value. Contracts that are designated as normal purchases and normal sales are not recorded at fair value. The normal purchases and normal sales exception requires, among other things, physical delivery in quantities expected to be used or sold over a reasonable period in the normal course of business. All of our allowance purchase agreements related to the European Union’s Emissions Trading System meet the criteria specified for this exception.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The following hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available:
Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement dates.
Level 2 Significant other observable inputs that are used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources.
Level 3 Significant unobservable inputs we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available.
Derivatives
We are exposed to market risk attributable to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. We attempt to minimize these risks through a combination of our normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivatives. We assess whether derivatives used in hedging transactions are “highly effective” in offsetting
19
changes in the cash flow of our hedged forecasted transactions. We use qualitative assessments or regression analysis for hedge relationships, and high effectiveness is achieved when a statistically valid relationship reflects a high degree of offset and correlation between the fair values of the derivative and the hedged forecasted transaction. Cash flows from the derivatives are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the underlying hedged transaction. If it is determined that the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring, then the amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is released to earnings. There are no amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, except when the hedged item is a contractually specified component, and there are no credit-risk-related contingent features in our derivative agreements. We monitor concentrations of credit risk associated with financial and other institutions with which we conduct significant business. Credit risk, including but not limited to counterparty non-performance under derivatives, is not considered significant as we primarily conduct business with large, well-established financial institutions with which we have established relationships, and which have credit risks acceptable to us, or the credit risk is spread out among many creditors. We do not anticipate non-performance by any of our significant counterparties.
As of September 30, 2025, we had fuel swaps, which are used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility of fuel prices pertaining to approximately
As of September 30, 2025, we also had fuel swaps pertaining to approximately
As of September 30, 2025, we had foreign currency forwards and collars which were used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. The notional amount of these foreign currency contracts were €
As of September 30, 2025, we also had foreign currency forwards not designated as hedges, which were used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to principal and interest of debt denominated in euros. The notional amount of these foreign currency contracts were €
20
The derivatives measured at fair value and the respective location in the consolidated balance sheets include the following (in thousands):
| | | | Assets | | Liabilities | ||||||||
| | | | September 30, | | December 31, | | September 30, | | December 31, | ||||
|
| Balance Sheet Location |
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Derivative Contracts Designated as Hedging Instruments | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel contracts | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Prepaid expenses and other assets | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
| | Other long-term assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Other long-term liabilities | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
Foreign currency contracts | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Prepaid expenses and other assets | |
| | |
| — | |
| — | |
| — |
| | Other long-term assets | |
| | |
| — | |
| — | |
| — |
| | Accrued expenses and other liabilities | |
| — | |
| — | |
| | |
| |
| | Other long-term liabilities | |
| — | |
| — | |
| — | |
| |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative Contracts Not Designated as Hedging Instruments | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel contracts | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Prepaid expenses and other assets | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — |
| | Other long-term assets | | | | | | — | | | — | | | — |
| | Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | | | | — | | | | | | |
| | Other long-term liabilities | | | — | |
| — | |
| | |
| |
Foreign currency contracts | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | — | | | — | | | | | | — |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | ||
Total derivatives | | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
The fair values of swap and forward contracts are determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The Company determines the value of options and collars utilizing an option pricing model based on inputs that are either readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The option pricing model used by the Company is an industry standard model for valuing options and is used by the broker/dealer community. The inputs to this option pricing model are the option strike price, underlying price, risk-free rate of interest, time to expiration, and volatility. The fair value of option contracts considers both the intrinsic value and any remaining time value associated with those derivatives that have not yet settled. The Company also considers counterparty credit risk and its own credit risk in its determination of all estimated fair values.
Our derivatives and financial instruments were categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, and we had no derivatives or financial instruments categorized as Level 1 or Level 3. Our derivative contracts include rights of offset with our counterparties. We have elected to net certain assets and liabilities within counterparties when the rights of offset exist. We are not required to post cash collateral related to our derivative instruments.
21
The following table discloses the gross and net amounts recognized within assets and liabilities (in thousands):
| | | | | Gross | | | | | Gross | | | | ||
| | Gross | | Amounts | | Total Net | | Amounts | | | | ||||
September 30, 2025 |
| Amounts |
| Offset |
| Amounts |
| Not Offset |
| Net Amounts | |||||
| $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | | |
| | | | | ( | | | | | | ( | | | | |
| | | | | Gross | | | | | Gross | | | | ||
| | Gross | | Amounts | | Total Net | | Amounts | | | | ||||
December 31, 2024 |
| Amounts |
| Offset |
| Amounts |
| Not Offset |
| Net Amounts | |||||
| $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | | | $ | — | | $ | | |
| | | | | ( | | | | | | ( | | | | |
The effects of cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | Location of Gain | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | (Loss) Reclassified | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | from Accumulated | | Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified | ||||
| | Amount of Gain (Loss) | | Other Comprehensive | | from Accumulated Other | ||||||||
| | Recognized in Other | | Income (Loss) into | | Comprehensive Income | ||||||||
Derivatives |
| Comprehensive Loss |
| Income (Expense) |
| (Loss) into Income (Expense) | ||||||||
| | Three Months | | Three Months | | | | Three Months | | Three Months | ||||
| | Ended | | Ended | | | | Ended | | Ended | ||||
|
| September 30, 2025 |
| September 30, 2024 |
| |
| September 30, 2025 |
| September 30, 2024 | ||||
Fuel contracts | | $ | | | $ | ( |
| Fuel | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Fuel contracts | | | — | | | — | | Other income (expense), net | | | ( | | | |
Foreign currency contracts | |
| ( | |
| |
| Depreciation and amortization | |
| ( | |
| ( |
Total gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive loss | | $ | | | $ | ( |
|
| | $ | ( | | $ | ( |
| | | | | | | | Location of Gain |
| | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | (Loss) Reclassified | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | from Accumulated | | Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified | ||||
| | Amount of Gain (Loss) | | Other Comprehensive | | from Accumulated Other | ||||||||
| | Recognized in Other | | Income (Loss) into | | Comprehensive Income | ||||||||
Derivatives |
| Comprehensive Loss |
| Income (Expense) |
| (Loss) into Income (Expense) | ||||||||
| | Nine Months | | Nine Months | | | | Nine Months | | Nine Months | ||||
| | Ended | | Ended | | | | Ended | | Ended | ||||
|
| September 30, 2025 |
| September 30, 2024 | | |
| September 30, 2025 |
| September 30, 2024 | ||||
Fuel contracts |
| $ | ( | | $ | ( | | Fuel |
| $ | ( | | $ | |
Fuel contracts | | | — | | | — | | Other income (expense), net | | | ( | | | |
Foreign currency contracts |
|
| | |
| | | Depreciation and amortization |
|
| ( | |
| ( |
Total gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive loss |
| $ | | | $ | ( | |
|
| $ | ( | | $ | |
22
The effects of cash flow hedge accounting on the consolidated statements of operations include the following (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
|
| | |
| Depreciation |
| | |
| | |
| Depreciation |
| | | ||
| | | | | and | | Other Income | | | | | and | | Other Income | ||||
| | Fuel | | Amortization | | (Expense), net | | Fuel | | Amortization | | (Expense), net | ||||||
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Fuel contracts | | | ( | | | — | | | — | | | | | | — | | | — |
Foreign currency contracts | | | — | | | ( | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel contracts | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | — | | | — | | | |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
| | | | | Depreciation | | | | | | | | Depreciation | | | | ||
| | | | | and | | Other Income | | | | | and | | Other Income | ||||
|
| Fuel |
| Amortization |
| (Expense), net |
| Fuel |
| Amortization |
| (Expense), net | ||||||
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( |
| | |
| | |
| | | | | |
| | |
| | | |
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) |
| |
|
| |
|
| | |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
|
Fuel contracts |
| | ( |
| | — |
| | — |
| | |
| | — | | | — |
Foreign currency contracts |
| | — | | | ( |
| | — |
| | — |
| | ( | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (expense) as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel contracts | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | — | | | — | | | |
Long-Term Debt
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of our long-term debt, including the current portion, was $
23
Other
The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets of all other financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value.
9. Employee Benefits and Compensation Plans
In January 2013, NCLH adopted the 2013 Performance Incentive Plan, which as amended and restated through 2024 (the “Restated 2013 Plan”), provided for a maximum aggregate limit of
Restricted Share Unit Awards
In March 2025, NCLH granted
The following is a summary of restricted share unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:
| | Number of | | Weighted- | | Number of | | Weighted- | ||
| | Time-Based | | Average Grant | | Performance- | | Average Grant | ||
|
| Awards |
| Date Fair Value |
| Based Awards |
| Date Fair Value | ||
Non-vested as of January 1, 2025 |
| | | $ | |
| | | $ | |
Granted |
| | | | | | | | | |
Vested |
| ( | | | | | ( | | | |
Forfeited or expired |
| ( | | | | | ( | | | |
Non-vested as of September 30, 2025 |
| | | | |
| | | | |
The following is a summary of option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:
| | Number of Share Option Awards | | Weighted-Average | | Weighted-Average | | Aggregate | ||
| | Time- | | Time- | | Contractual | | Intrinsic | ||
| | Based | | Based | | Term | | Value | ||
|
| Awards |
| Awards |
| (years) |
| (in thousands) | ||
Outstanding as of January 1, 2025 |
| | | $ | | | | $ | — | |
Forfeited and cancelled |
| ( | | | | | | |
|
|
Outstanding as of September 30, 2025 |
| | | | | | | | — | |
The compensation expense recognized for share-based compensation for the periods presented includes the following (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Payroll and related expense | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Marketing, general and administrative expense | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
Total share-based compensation expense | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
24
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Ship Construction Contracts
For the Norwegian brand, we have
As of September 30, 2025, the combined contract prices, including amendments and change orders, of the
As of September 30, 2025, our minimum annual payments for non-cancelable ship construction contracts were as follows (in thousands):
Year |
| Amount | |
Remainder of 2025 | | $ | |
2026 | | | |
2027 | |
| |
2028 | |
| |
2029 | |
| |
2030 | |
| |
Thereafter | |
| |
Total minimum annual payments | | $ | |
Litigation
Investigations
In March 2020, the Florida Attorney General announced an investigation related to the Company’s marketing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the announcement of the investigation by the Florida Attorney General, we received notifications from other attorneys general and governmental agencies that they are conducting similar investigations. The Company is cooperating with these ongoing investigations, the outcomes of which cannot be predicted at this time.
Helms-Burton Act
On August 27, 2019, lawsuit was filed against Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida under Title III of the Cuban Liberty and Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996, also known as the Helms-Burton Act. The complaint, filed by Havana Docks Corporation (the “Havana Docks Matter”), alleges it holds an interest in the Havana Cruise Port Terminal, which was expropriated by the Cuban Government. The
25
complaint further alleges that the Company “trafficked” in the property by embarking and disembarking passengers at the facility, as well as profiting from the Cuban Government’s possession of the property. The plaintiff seeks all available statutory remedies, including the value of the expropriated property, plus interest, treble damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. After various motions challenging the sufficiency of plaintiff’s complaint were resolved and voluminous discovery was completed, both sides filed motions for summary judgment. On March 21, 2022, the court issued an order granting plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment on the issue of liability and denying the Company’s cross-motion for summary judgment. The court scheduled a trial on determination of damages only for November 2022. The plaintiff elected to seek what the court ruled to be its baseline statutory damage amount, which was the amount of the certified claim plus interest, trebled and with attorneys’ fees. Given this, there was no fact issue to be tried, and the matter was removed from the trial calendar. On December 30, 2022, the court entered a final judgment of approximately $
Other
In the normal course of our business, various other claims and lawsuits have been filed or are pending against us. Most of these claims and lawsuits are covered by insurance and, accordingly, the maximum amount of our liability is typically limited to our deductible amount. Nonetheless, the ultimate outcome of these claims and lawsuits that are not covered by insurance cannot be determined at this time. We have evaluated our overall exposure with respect to all of our threatened and pending litigation and, to the extent required, we have accrued amounts for all estimable probable losses associated with our deemed exposure. We are currently unable to estimate any other potential losses beyond those accrued, as discovery is not complete nor is adequate information available to estimate such range of loss or potential recovery. However, based on our current knowledge, we do not believe that the aggregate amount or range of reasonably possible losses with respect to these matters will be material to our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to vigorously defend our legal position on all claims and, to the extent necessary, seek recovery.
Other Contingencies
The Company also has agreements with its credit card processors that govern approximately $
11. Other Income (Expense), Net
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, other income (expense), net was income of $
26
12. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we had non-cash investing activities consisting of changes in accruals related to property and equipment of $
27
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements, estimates or projections contained in this report are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained, or incorporated by reference, in this report, including, without limitation, our expectations regarding our results of operations, future financial position, including our liquidity requirements and future capital expenditures, plans, prospects, actions taken or strategies being considered with respect to our liquidity position, including with respect to refinancing, amending the terms of, or extending the maturity of our indebtedness, our ability to comply with covenants under our debt agreements, expectations regarding our exchangeable notes, valuation and appraisals of our assets, expectations regarding our deferred tax assets and valuation allowances, expected fleet additions, including expected timing thereof, our expectations regarding the impact of macroeconomic conditions and recent global events, and expectations relating to our sustainability program and decarbonization efforts may be forward-looking statements. Many, but not all, of these statements can be found by looking for words like “expect,” “anticipate,” “goal,” “project,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “will,” “may,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “intend,” “future” and similar words. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and may involve risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in those forward-looking statements. Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to the impact of:
| ● | adverse general economic factors, such as fluctuating or increasing levels of interest rates, inflation, unemployment, underemployment, tariff increases and trade wars, the volatility of fuel prices, declines in the securities and real estate markets, and perceptions of these conditions that decrease the level of disposable income of consumers or consumer confidence; |
| ● | our indebtedness and restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness that require us to maintain minimum levels of liquidity and be in compliance with maintenance covenants and otherwise limit our flexibility in operating our business, including the significant portion of assets that are collateral under these agreements; |
| ● | our ability to work with lenders and others or otherwise pursue options to defer, renegotiate, refinance or restructure our existing debt profile, near-term debt amortization, newbuild-related payments and other obligations and to work with credit card processors to satisfy current or potential future demands for collateral on cash advanced from customers relating to future cruises; |
| ● | our need for additional financing or financing to optimize our balance sheet, which may not be available on favorable terms, or at all, and our outstanding exchangeable notes and any future financing which may be dilutive to existing shareholders; |
| ● | the unavailability of ports of call and the impacts of port and destination fees and expenses; |
| ● | future increases in the price of, or major changes, disruptions or reductions in, commercial airline services; |
| ● | changes involving the tax and environmental regulatory regimes in which we operate, including new and existing regulations aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions; |
| ● | the accuracy of any appraisals of our assets; |
| ● | our success in controlling operating expenses and capital expenditures; |
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| ● | adverse events impacting the security of travel, or customer perceptions of the security of travel, such as terrorist acts, armed conflict or threats thereof, acts of piracy, and other international events; |
| ● | public health crises and their effect on the ability or desire of people to travel (including on cruises); |
| ● | adverse incidents involving cruise ships; |
| ● | our ability to maintain and strengthen our brand; |
| ● | breaches in data security or other disturbances to our information technology systems and other networks or our actual or perceived failure to comply with requirements regarding data privacy and protection; |
| ● | changes in fuel prices and the type of fuel we are permitted to use and/or other cruise operating costs; |
| ● | mechanical malfunctions and repairs, delays in our shipbuilding program, maintenance and refurbishments and the consolidation of qualified shipyard facilities; |
| ● | the risks and increased costs associated with operating internationally; |
| ● | our inability to recruit or retain qualified personnel or the loss of key personnel or employee relations issues; |
| ● | impacts related to climate change and our ability to achieve our climate-related or other sustainability goals; |
| ● | our inability to obtain adequate insurance coverage; |
| ● | implementing precautions in coordination with regulators and global public health authorities to protect the health, safety and security of guests, crew and the communities we visit and to comply with related regulatory restrictions; |
| ● | pending or threatened litigation, investigations and enforcement actions; |
| ● | volatility and disruptions in the global credit and financial markets, which may adversely affect our ability to borrow and could increase our counterparty credit risks, including those under our credit facilities, derivatives, contingent obligations, insurance contracts and new ship progress payment guarantees; |
| ● | our reliance on third parties to provide hotel management services for certain ships and certain other services; |
| ● | fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; |
| ● | our expansion into new markets and investments in new markets and land-based destination projects; |
| ● | overcapacity in key markets or globally; and |
| ● | other factors set forth under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025 (our “Annual Report on Form 10-K”). |
The above examples are not exhaustive and new risks emerge from time to time. There may be additional risks that we currently consider immaterial or which are unknown. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs, assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections regarding our present and future business strategies and the environment in which we expect to operate in the future. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this report, which speak only as of the date made. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement to reflect any change in our
29
expectations with regard thereto or any change of events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement was based, except as required by law.
Solely for convenience, certain trademark and service marks referred to in this report appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and service marks.
Terminology
This report includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Yield, Net Cruise Cost, Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS. Definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures are included below. For further information about our non-GAAP financial measures including detailed adjustments made in calculating our non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, we refer you to “Results of Operations” below.
Unless otherwise indicated in this report, the following terms have the meanings set forth below:
| ● | 2025 Exchangeable Notes. On July 21, 2020, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2025. |
| ● | 2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes. On November 19, 2021, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $1,150.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2027. |
| ● | 2027 2.5% Exchangeable Notes. On February 15, 2022, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $473.2 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2027. |
| ● | 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes. On April 7, 2025, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $353.9 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2030. |
| ● | 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes. September 11, 2025, pursuant to an indenture among NCLC, as issuer, NCLH, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, NCLC issued $1,407.0 million aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes due 2030. |
| ● | Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA adjusted for other income (expense), net and other supplemental adjustments. |
| ● | Adjusted EPS. Adjusted Net Income divided by the number of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding. |
| ● | Adjusted Gross Margin. Gross margin adjusted for payroll and related, fuel, food, other and ship depreciation. Gross margin is calculated pursuant to GAAP as total revenue less total cruise operating expense and ship depreciation. |
| ● | Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel. Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel adjusted for supplemental adjustments. |
| ● | Adjusted Net Income. Net income adjusted for the effect of dilutive securities and other supplemental adjustments. |
| ● | Berths. Double occupancy capacity per cabin (single occupancy per studio cabin) even though many cabins can accommodate three or more passengers. |
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| ● | Capacity Days. Berths available for sale multiplied by the number of cruise days for the period for ships in service. |
| ● | Dry-dock. A process whereby a ship is positioned in a large basin where all of the fresh/sea water is pumped out in order to carry out cleaning and repairs of those parts of a ship which are below the water line. |
| ● | EBITDA. Earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation and amortization. |
| ● | EPS. Earnings per share. |
| ● | GAAP. Generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. |
| ● | Gross Cruise Cost. The sum of total cruise operating expense and marketing, general and administrative expense. |
| ● | Gross Tons. A unit of enclosed passenger space on a cruise ship, such that one gross ton equals 100 cubic feet or 2.831 cubic meters. |
| ● | Net Cruise Cost. Gross Cruise Cost less commissions, transportation and other expense and onboard and other expense. |
| ● | Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel. Net Cruise Cost less fuel expense. |
| ● | Net Yield. Adjusted Gross Margin per Capacity Day. |
| ● | Occupancy Percentage. The ratio of Passenger Cruise Days to Capacity Days. A percentage greater than 100% indicates that three or more passengers occupied some cabins. |
| ● | Passenger Cruise Days. The number of passengers carried for the period, multiplied by the number of days in their respective cruises. |
| ● | Prestige Class Ships. Regent’s Seven Seas Prestige and one additional ship on order. |
| ● | Prima Class Ships. Norwegian Prima, Norwegian Viva, Norwegian Aqua, Norwegian Luna and two additional ships on order. |
| ● | Revolving Loan Facility. Approximately $2.5 billion senior secured revolving credit facility. |
| ● | SEC. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. |
| ● | Shipboard Retirement Plan. An unfunded defined benefit pension plan for certain crew members which computes benefits based on years of service, subject to certain requirements. |
| ● | Sonata Class Ships. Oceania Sonata, Oceania Arietta and two additional ships on order. |
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We use certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Yield, Net Cruise Cost, Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS, to enable us to analyze our performance. See “Terminology” for the definitions of these and other non-GAAP financial measures. We utilize Adjusted Gross Margin and Net Yield to manage our business on a day-to-day basis because they reflect revenue earned net of certain direct variable costs. We also utilize Net Cruise Cost and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel to
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manage our business on a day-to-day basis. In measuring our ability to control costs in a manner that positively impacts net income, we believe changes in Adjusted Gross Margin, Net Yield, Net Cruise Cost and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel to be the most relevant indicators of our performance.
We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate as a supplemental financial measure as it is used by management to assess operating performance. We also believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure in determining our performance as it reflects certain operating drivers of our business, such as sales growth, operating costs, marketing, general and administrative expense and other operating income and expense. In addition, management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure for our incentive compensation. Adjusted EBITDA is not a defined term under GAAP nor is it intended to be a measure of liquidity or cash flows from operations or a measure comparable to net income as it does not take into account certain requirements such as capital expenditures and related depreciation, principal and interest payments and tax payments and it includes other supplemental adjustments.
In addition, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures that exclude certain amounts and are used to supplement GAAP net income and EPS. We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS as key performance measures of our earnings performance. We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management’s internal comparison to our historical performance. In addition, management uses Adjusted EPS as a performance measure for our incentive compensation. The amounts excluded in the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures may vary from period to period; accordingly, our presentation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS may not be indicative of future adjustments or results. In 2025, we took on two newbuilds that have euro-denominated debt, that is primarily unhedged, and we expect to take delivery of ships that have euro-denominated debt in the future. Due to the significant increase in our euro-denominated debt in 2025 and the fact that a substantial portion of our debt is in dollars, we have included the related net foreign currency remeasurement losses as a supplemental adjustment in our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS. To ensure comparability, we have retrospectively applied this adjustment to the corresponding periods in 2024, using a consistent methodology. The quantitative impact of these adjustments is presented in the accompanying reconciliation tables within this report. Non-GAAP diluted weighted-average shares are calculated using the treasury stock method to calculate the effect of restricted share units and options and the if-converted method to calculate the effect of convertible instruments. This is the same methodology that is used when calculating GAAP diluted weighted-average shares. However, the determination of whether the shares are dilutive or anti-dilutive is made independently on a GAAP and non-GAAP net income basis, and therefore, the number of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for GAAP and non-GAAP may be different.
You are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment used in calculating our non-GAAP financial measures and the reasons we consider our non-GAAP financial measures appropriate for supplemental analysis. In evaluating our non-GAAP financial measures, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in our presentation. Our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider these measures in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Our presentation of our non-GAAP financial measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to other companies. Please see a historical reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure presented in our consolidated financial statements below in the “Results of Operations” section.
Financial Presentation
We categorize revenue from our cruise and cruise-related activities as either “passenger ticket” revenue or “onboard and other” revenue. Passenger ticket revenue and onboard and other revenue vary according to product offering, the size of the ship in operation, the length of cruises operated and the markets in which the ship operates. Our revenue is seasonal based on demand for cruises, which has historically been strongest during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer months. Passenger ticket revenue primarily consists of revenue for accommodations, meals in certain restaurants on the ship, certain onboard entertainment, government taxes, fees and port expenses and includes revenue for service charges and air and land transportation to and from the ship to the extent guests purchase these items from us. Onboard and other revenue primarily consists of revenue from casino, beverage sales, shore excursions, specialty dining, retail sales, spa
32
services and Wi-Fi services. Our onboard revenue is derived from onboard activities we perform directly or that are performed by independent concessionaires, from which we receive a share of their revenue.
Our cruise operating expense is classified as follows:
| ● | Commissions, transportation and other primarily consists of direct costs associated with passenger ticket revenue. These costs include travel advisor commissions, air and land transportation expenses, related credit card fees, certain government taxes, fees and port expenses and the costs associated with shore excursions and hotel accommodations included as part of the overall cruise purchase price. |
| ● | Onboard and other primarily consists of direct costs incurred in connection with onboard and other revenue, including casino, beverage sales and shore excursions. |
| ● | Payroll and related consists of the cost of wages, benefits and logistics for shipboard employees and costs of certain inventory items, including food, for a third party that provides crew and other hotel services for certain ships. |
| ● | Fuel includes fuel costs, the impact of certain fuel hedges and fuel delivery costs. |
| ● | Food consists of food costs for passengers and crew on certain ships. |
| ● | Other consists of repairs and maintenance (including Dry-dock costs), ship insurance and other ship expenses. |
Critical Accounting Policies
For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, see “Critical Accounting Policies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” We have made no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Financing Transactions
In January 2025, the full amount of outstanding borrowings under the Breakaway one loan, Breakaway two loan, Marina newbuild loan and Riviera newbuild loan, plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, was repaid with funds drawn from the Revolving Loan Facility, and the related collateral was also released. NCLC also issued $1.8 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2032. The net proceeds, together with cash on hand, were used to redeem $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8.375% senior secured notes due 2028 and $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2026, together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, and to pay any related transaction premiums, fees and expenses. Concurrently, the Revolving Loan Facility was increased from $1.2 billion to $1.7 billion with the maturity date extended to 2030.
In April 2025, Holders exchanged $353.9 million of 2025 Exchangeable Notes for 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes and an aggregate Cash Payment of $64.0 million, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the 2025 Exchangeable Notes that were exchanged to, but excluding, the closing date of the Exchange. Additionally, in April 2025, the Company completed April Equity Offerings of 3,358,098 ordinary shares to the Holders at a price of $19.06 per share. The Company used the net proceeds from the April Equity Offerings, together with cash on hand, to make the Cash Payment.
In June 2025, NCLC amended the Seventh ARCA to increase the aggregate amount of the lenders’ commitments under the Revolving Loan Facility from $1.7 billion to approximately $2.5 billion.
In September 2025, NCLC issued approximately $1.4 billion of 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes, $1.2 billion of 2031 Notes, and $850.0 million of 2033 Notes. Additionally, in September 2025, the Company completed the September Equity Offering with certain institutional investors of 3,313,868 ordinary shares at a price of $24.53 per share. The net
33
proceeds from these transactions, together with cash on hand, were used to (i) complete the Repurchases of a portion of the 2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes and 2027 2.50% Exchangeable Notes, (ii) complete the Tender Offer or redeem all of the 2026 Notes, 2027 Notes and 2029 Notes and (iii) pay related accrued and unpaid interest, transaction premiums, fees and expenses. The collateral of the Revolving Loan Facility was also modified.
See Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for more information.
Update on Bookings
The Company continues to experience healthy consumer demand across its portfolio of three brands for the balance of 2025 and into 2026, with strong demand for its Caribbean sailings. As a result, the Company remains well positioned within its optimal range for its forward 12-month booked position.
Strategic Destination Investment
We announced a second phase of expansion plans for Great Stirrup Cay, the Company’s private island destination in the Bahamas, including a nearly six-acre Great Tides Waterpark expected to open in the summer of 2026. The addition of the nearly six-acre, 19-slide, Great Tides Waterpark which includes a 800-foot dynamic river and a 9,000-square-foot kids’ splash zone, along with other new amenities, will further enhance the guest experience at one of our most popular destinations. This is in addition to the previously announced two-ship pier, pool, family splash pad, welcome center and tram, which are expected to open by the end of 2025.
Strategic Cost Optimization and Macroeconomic Trends
Our strategic cost optimization efforts are driving a disciplined, company-wide focus on identifying efficiencies and optimizing costs across the organization. These initiatives are designed to deliver sustainable savings without compromising the guest experience or the quality of our offerings. Beyond the financial impact, this effort represents an evolution in our culture, embedding cost awareness, accountability, and continuous improvement into the way we operate.
Our cost savings initiatives continue to deliver tangible results, which we believe position us well to cushion macroeconomic pressures. While there may be pressures on revenue, we believe these can be effectively offset by the continued execution of our cost optimization efforts. Our focus remains on managing the business for the long term, balancing disciplined pricing and cost control with guest experience and strategic investments for the future. However, global macroeconomic events have created volatility and disruptions in the past that have adversely impacted our Company, and they may do so again in the future. Furthermore, we are exposed to fluctuations in the euro exchange rate for certain portions of ship construction contracts, euro-denominated debt and various exchange rates for customer deposits that have not been hedged. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” below for additional information.
Climate Change
We believe the increasing focus on climate change, including the Company’s targets for greenhouse gas (“GHG”) reductions, and evolving regulatory requirements will materially impact our future capital expenditures and results of operations. We have set interim targets to guide us on our path to net zero GHG emissions and provide more details about such targets in our annual Sail & Sustain Report (which does not constitute a part of, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into, this report). We expect to incur significant expenses related to these regulatory requirements and commitments, which have and will include expenses related to GHG emissions reduction initiatives, including modifications to our ships, and have and will include the purchase of emissions allowances and alternative fuels, among other things. We have changed and may continue to be required to change certain operating procedures, for example slowing the speed of our ships, to meet regulatory requirements, which could adversely impact our operations. We are also evaluating the effects of global climate change-related requirements, which are still evolving, including our ability to mitigate certain future expenses through initiatives to reduce GHG emissions; consequently, the full impact to the Company is not yet known. Additionally, our ships, port facilities, corporate offices and island destinations have in
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the past and may again be adversely affected by an increase in the frequency and intensity of adverse weather conditions caused by climate change. For example, certain ports have become temporarily unavailable to us due to hurricane damage and other destinations have either considered or implemented restrictions on cruise operations due to environmental concerns. Refer to “Impacts related to climate change may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations” in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.
Quarterly Overview
Three months ended September 30, 2025 (“2025”) compared to three months ended September 30, 2024 (“2024”)
| ● | Total revenue increased 4.7% to $2.9 billion compared to $2.8 billion. |
| ● | Net income and diluted EPS were $419.3 million and $0.86, respectively, compared to $474.9 million and $0.95, respectively. |
| ● | Operating income was $749.4 million compared to $691.2 million. |
| ● | Gross margin increased 8.4% to $1.2 billion compared to $1.1 billion. Adjusted Gross Margin increased 8.1% to $2.2 billion compared to $2.0 billion. |
| ● | Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS were $595.8 million and $1.20, respectively, in 2025, which included $169.2 million of non-GAAP adjustments primarily related to losses on extinguishment and modification of debt. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS were $527.3 million and $1.02, respectively, in 2024, which included $37.4 million of non-GAAP adjustments primarily related to share-based compensation and foreign currency remeasurements on euro-denominated debt. |
| ● | Adjusted EBITDA improved 9.5% to $1.0 billion compared to $931.0 million. |
We refer you to our “Results of Operations” below for a calculation of Adjusted Gross Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth selected statistical information:
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | | ||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | |
Passengers carried |
| 803,268 |
| 812,529 |
| 2,211,002 |
| 2,261,006 | |
Passenger Cruise Days |
| 6,828,243 |
| 6,521,610 |
| 18,904,286 |
| 18,711,554 | |
Capacity Days |
| 6,417,724 |
| 6,033,707 |
| 18,170,560 |
| 17,611,107 | |
Occupancy Percentage |
| 106.4 | % | 108.1 | % | 104.0 | % | 106.2 | % |
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Adjusted Gross Margin and Net Yield were calculated as follows (in thousands, except Capacity Days and Yield data):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| | 2025 |
| 2024 | |||
Total revenue | | $ | 2,938,142 | | $ | 2,806,578 | | $ | 7,583,192 | | $ | 7,370,285 |
Less: | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total cruise operating expense | |
| 1,554,859 | |
| 1,538,939 | |
| 4,315,644 | |
| 4,381,117 |
Ship depreciation | |
| 229,579 | |
| 202,994 | |
| 667,070 | |
| 617,439 |
Gross margin | | | 1,153,704 | | | 1,064,645 | | | 2,600,478 | | | 2,371,729 |
Ship depreciation | | | 229,579 | | | 202,994 | | | 667,070 | | | 617,439 |
Payroll and related | | | 355,396 | | | 337,430 | | | 1,036,033 | | | 1,012,289 |
Fuel | | | 175,913 | | | 164,934 | | | 508,304 | | | 537,632 |
Food | | | 81,866 | | | 78,096 | | | 238,777 | | | 239,850 |
Other | | | 197,701 | | | 182,112 | | | 578,827 | | | 573,987 |
Adjusted Gross Margin | | $ | 2,194,159 | | $ | 2,030,211 | | $ | 5,629,489 | | $ | 5,352,926 |
Capacity Days | |
| 6,417,724 | |
| 6,033,707 | | | 18,170,560 | | | 17,611,107 |
Gross margin per Capacity Day | | $ | 179.77 | | $ | 176.45 | | $ | 143.11 | | $ | 134.67 |
Net Yield | | $ | 341.89 | | $ | 336.48 | | $ | 309.81 | | $ | 303.95 |
Gross Cruise Cost, Net Cruise Cost, Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel were calculated as follows (in thousands, except Capacity Days and per Capacity Day data):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Total cruise operating expense | | $ | 1,554,859 | | $ | 1,538,939 | | $ | 4,315,644 | | $ | 4,381,117 |
Marketing, general and administrative expense | |
| 383,002 | |
| 358,001 | |
| 1,167,432 | |
| 1,074,241 |
Gross Cruise Cost | |
| 1,937,861 | |
| 1,896,940 | |
| 5,483,076 | |
| 5,455,358 |
Less: | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Commissions, transportation and other expense | |
| 521,981 | |
| 564,614 | |
| 1,405,159 | |
| 1,501,863 |
Onboard and other expense | |
| 222,002 | |
| 211,753 | |
| 548,544 | |
| 515,496 |
Net Cruise Cost | |
| 1,193,878 | |
| 1,120,573 | |
| 3,529,373 | |
| 3,437,999 |
Less: Fuel expense | |
| 175,913 | |
| 164,934 | |
| 508,304 | |
| 537,632 |
Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel | |
| 1,017,965 | |
| 955,639 | |
| 3,021,069 | |
| 2,900,367 |
Less Other Non-GAAP Adjustments: | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Non-cash deferred compensation (1) | |
| 553 | |
| 719 | |
| 1,658 | |
| 2,156 |
Non-cash share-based compensation (2) | |
| 18,418 | | | 20,638 | | | 64,598 | | | 65,570 |
Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel | | $ | 998,994 | | $ | 934,282 | | $ | 2,954,813 | | $ | 2,832,641 |
Capacity Days | |
| 6,417,724 | |
| 6,033,707 | |
| 18,170,560 | |
| 17,611,107 |
Gross Cruise Cost per Capacity Day | | $ | 301.95 | | $ | 314.39 | | $ | 301.76 | | $ | 309.77 |
Net Cruise Cost per Capacity Day | | $ | 186.03 | | $ | 185.72 | | $ | 194.24 | | $ | 195.22 |
Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel per Capacity Day | | $ | 158.62 | | $ | 158.38 | | $ | 166.26 | | $ | 164.69 |
Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel per Capacity Day | | $ | 155.66 | | $ | 154.84 | | $ | 162.62 | | $ | 160.84 |
| (1) | Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense. |
| (2) | Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense. |
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Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS were calculated as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Net income | | $ | 419,295 | | $ | 474,932 | | $ | 408,992 | | $ | 655,721 |
Effect of dilutive securities - exchangeable notes | | | 7,287 | | | 14,965 | | | 32,056 | | | 48,323 |
Net income and assumed conversion of exchangeable notes | | | 426,582 | | | 489,897 | | | 441,048 | | | 704,044 |
Non-GAAP Adjustments: | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Non-cash deferred compensation (1) | |
| 988 | |
| 1,232 | |
| 2,964 | |
| 3,697 |
Non-cash share-based compensation (2) | |
| 18,418 | |
| 20,638 | |
| 64,598 | |
| 65,570 |
Extinguishment and modification of debt (3) | |
| 154,486 | |
| 175 | |
| 272,463 | |
| 29,175 |
Net foreign currency adjustments on euro-denominated debt (4) | | | (4,662) | | | 15,398 | | | 133,260 | | | 6,811 |
Adjusted Net Income | | $ | 595,812 | | $ | 527,340 | | $ | 914,333 | | $ | 809,297 |
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding - Net income and Adjusted Net Income | |
| 495,727,378 | | | 514,878,919 | |
| 505,317,442 | |
| 514,002,031 |
Diluted EPS | | $ | 0.86 | | $ | 0.95 | | $ | 0.87 | | $ | 1.37 |
Adjusted EPS | | $ | 1.20 | | $ | 1.02 | | $ | 1.81 | | $ | 1.57 |
| (1) | Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense and other income (expense), net. |
| (2) | Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense. |
| (3) | Losses on extinguishment of debt and modification of debt are included in interest expense, net. |
| (4) | Net gains and losses for foreign currency remeasurements of our euro-denominated debt principal included in other income (expense), net. |
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA were calculated as follows (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
| | September 30, | | September 30, | ||||||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||||
Net income | | $ | 419,295 | | $ | 474,932 | | $ | 408,992 | | $ | 655,721 |
Interest expense, net | |
| 328,816 | |
| 175,216 | |
| 783,470 | |
| 571,865 |
Income tax expense | |
| 14,341 | |
| 6,916 | |
| 13,838 | |
| 9,466 |
Depreciation and amortization expense | |
| 250,832 | |
| 218,428 | |
| 725,889 | |
| 663,762 |
EBITDA | |
| 1,013,284 | |
| 875,492 | |
| 1,932,189 | |
| 1,900,814 |
Other (income) expense, net (1) | |
| (13,003) | | | 34,146 | |
| 167,927 | |
| 14,113 |
Other Non-GAAP Adjustments: | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Non-cash deferred compensation (2) | |
| 553 | |
| 719 | |
| 1,658 | |
| 2,156 |
Non-cash share-based compensation (3) | |
| 18,418 | |
| 20,638 | |
| 64,598 | |
| 65,570 |
Adjusted EBITDA | | $ | 1,019,252 | | $ | 930,995 | | $ | 2,166,372 | | $ | 1,982,653 |
| (1) | Primarily consists of gains and losses, net for foreign currency remeasurements. |
| (2) | Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense. |
| (3) | Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and related expense. |
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Three months ended September 30, 2025 (“2025”) compared to three months ended September 30, 2024 (“2024”)
Revenue
Total revenue increased to $2.9 billion in 2025 compared to $2.8 billion in 2024 primarily due to an increase in Capacity Days related to the delivery of Norwegian Aqua in March 2025 and Oceania Allura in July 2025.
Expense
Total cruise operating expense increased 1.0% primarily due to the delivery of Norwegian Aqua in March 2025 and Oceania Allura in July 2025 offset primarily by a reduction in air costs largely due to changes in itinerary mix. Total other operating expense increased 10.0% in 2025 compared to 2024 primarily related to an increase in marketing, general and administrative expense from higher advertising and promotions.
Interest expense, net was $328.8 million in 2025 compared to $175.2 million in 2024. The change in interest expense reflects losses in 2025 from extinguishment of debt and debt modification costs, which were $154.5 million. Excluding these losses, the impact from an increase in debt in 2025 was offset by a reduction in average rates.
Other income (expense), net was income of $13.0 million in 2025 compared to expense of $34.1 million in 2024. The income and expense primarily related to net gains and losses from foreign currency remeasurements.
Nine months ended September 30, 2025 (“2025”) compared to nine months ended September 30, 2024 (“2024”)
Revenue
Total revenue was $7.6 billion in 2025 and $7.4 billion in 2024. The increase in Capacity Days related to the delivery of Norwegian Aqua in March 2025 and Oceania Allura in July 2025 was offset by an increased number of Berths in Dry-dock in 2025 as larger ships were in Dry-dock.
Expense
Total cruise operating expense decreased 1.5% primarily related to a reduction in air costs largely due to changes in itinerary mix and fuel cost offset by the delivery of Norwegian Aqua in March 2025 and Oceania Allura in July 2025. Total other operating expense increased 8.9% in 2025 compared to 2024 primarily related to an increase in marketing, general and administrative expense from higher advertising and promotions.
Interest expense, net was $783.5 million in 2025 compared to $571.9 million in 2024. The change in interest expense reflects higher losses in 2025 from extinguishment of debt and debt modification costs, which were $272.5 million in 2025 compared to $29.2 million in 2024. Excluding these losses, interest expense decreased primarily as a result of lower average rates, partially offset by higher debt outstanding in connection with the delivery of ships.
Other income (expense), net was expense of $167.9 million in 2025 compared to $14.1 million in 2024. The expense primarily related to net gains and losses from foreign currency remeasurements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
As of September 30, 2025, our liquidity was approximately $1.8 billion, including cash and cash equivalents of $166.8 million and $1.6 billion available under our Revolving Loan Facility. Our primary ongoing liquidity requirements are to finance working capital, capital expenditures and debt service.
In January 2025, the full amount of outstanding borrowings under the Breakaway one loan, Breakaway two loan, Marina newbuild loan and Riviera newbuild loan, plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, was repaid with funds drawn
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from the Revolving Loan Facility, and the related collateral was also released. NCLC also issued $1.8 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2032. The net proceeds, together with cash on hand, were used to redeem $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8.375% senior secured notes due 2028 and $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2026, together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, and to pay any related transaction premiums, fees and expenses. Concurrently, the Revolving Loan Facility was increased from $1.2 billion to $1.7 billion with the maturity date extended to 2030.
In April 2025, Holders exchanged $353.9 million of 2025 Exchangeable Notes for 2030 0.875% Exchangeable Notes and an aggregate Cash Payment of $64.0 million, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the 2025 Exchangeable Notes that were exchanged to, but excluding, the closing date of the Exchange. Additionally, in April 2025, the Company completed April Equity Offerings of 3,358,098 ordinary shares to the Holders at a price of $19.06 per share. The Company used the net proceeds from the April Equity Offerings, together with cash on hand, to make the Cash Payment.
In June 2025, NCLC amended the Seventh ARCA to increase the aggregate amount of the lenders’ commitments under the Revolving Loan Facility from $1.7 billion to approximately $2.5 billion.
In September 2025, NCLC issued approximately $1.4 billion of 2030 0.750% Exchangeable Notes, $1.2 billion of 2031 Notes, and $850.0 million of 2033 Notes. Additionally, in September 2025, the Company completed the September Equity Offering with certain institutional investors of 3,313,868 ordinary shares at a price of $24.53 per share. The net proceeds from these transactions, together with cash on hand, were used to (i) complete the Repurchases of a portion of the 2027 1.125% Exchangeable Notes and 2027 2.50% Exchangeable Notes, (ii) complete the Tender Offer or redeem all of the 2026 Notes, 2027 Notes and 2029 Notes and (iii) pay related accrued and unpaid interest, transaction premiums, fees and expenses. The collateral of the Revolving Loan Facility was also modified.
See Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for further details about the above financing transactions.
Based on our liquidity estimates and our current resources, we have concluded we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our obligations for at least the next 12 months. There can be no assurance that the accuracy of the assumptions used to estimate our liquidity requirements will be correct, and our ability to be predictive is uncertain due to the dynamic nature of the current operating environment, including any current macroeconomic events and conditions such as inflation, tariff increases and trade wars, rising fuel prices and higher interest rates. Within the next twelve months, we may optimize our liquidity or pursue other refinancings in order to reduce interest expense and/or extend debt maturities. There is no assurance that cash flows from operations and additional financings will be available in the future to fund our future obligations. Beyond the next 12 months, we will pursue refinancings and other balance sheet optimization transactions in order to reduce interest expense and/or extend debt maturities. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details regarding risks and uncertainties that may cause our results to differ from our expectations.
As of September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. If we do not continue to remain in compliance with our covenants, we would have to seek additional amendments to or waivers of the covenants. However, no assurances can be made that such amendments or waivers would be approved by our lenders. Generally, if an event of default under any debt agreement occurs, then pursuant to cross default and/or cross acceleration clauses, substantially all of our outstanding debt and derivative contract payables could become due, and all debt and derivative contracts could be terminated, which would have a material adverse impact on our operations and liquidity.
Our Moody’s long-term issuer rating is B1 and our senior unsecured rating is B3. Our S&P Global issuer credit rating is B+, our issue-level rating on our Revolving Loan Facility is BB and our senior unsecured rating is B+. If our credit ratings were to be downgraded as has occurred in the past, or general market conditions were to ascribe higher risk to our rating levels, our industry, or us, our access to capital and the cost of any debt or equity financing will be negatively impacted. We also have capacity to incur additional indebtedness under our debt agreements and may issue additional ordinary shares from time to time, subject to our authorized number of ordinary shares. However, there is no guarantee that debt or equity financings will be available in the future to fund our obligations or that they will be available on terms consistent with our expectations.
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As of September 30, 2025, we had advance ticket sales of $3.3 billion, including the long-term portion. We also have agreements with our credit card processors that, as of September 30, 2025, governed approximately $2.9 billion in advance ticket sales that had been received by the Company relating to future voyages. These agreements allow the credit card processors to require under certain circumstances, including the existence of a material adverse change, excessive chargebacks and other triggering events, that the Company maintain a reserve which would be satisfied by posting collateral. Although the agreements vary, these requirements may generally be satisfied either through a percentage of customer payments withheld or providing cash funds directly to the card processor. Any cash reserve or collateral requested could be increased or decreased. We may be required to pledge additional collateral and/or post additional cash reserves or take other actions in the future that may adversely affect our liquidity.
Sources and Uses of Cash
In this section, references to “2025” refer to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and references to “2024” refer to the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.6 billion in 2025 and $1.7 billion in 2024. The net cash provided by operating activities included net income and timing differences in cash receipts and payments relating to operating assets and liabilities. Advance ticket sales increased by $13.9 million in 2025 and by $90.9 million in 2024.
Net cash used in investing activities was $2.8 billion in 2025 and $985.7 million in 2024. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to the delivery of Norwegian Aqua and Oceania Allura in 2025. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to newbuild payments and ship improvements in 2024.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.2 billion in 2025 primarily due to newbuild loans related to the delivery of Norwegian Aqua and Oceania Allura, net receipts from our Revolving Loan Facility and the impact of various note refinancings. Net cash used in financing activities was $734.8 million in 2024 primarily due to repayments of newbuild loans, our 9.75% senior secured notes due 2028 and a portion of the 3.625% senior unsecured notes due 2024 partially offset by the proceeds from newbuild loan facilities and the 6.250% senior unsecured notes due 2030.
Future Capital Commitments
Future capital commitments consist of contracted commitments, including ship construction contracts. Anticipated expenditures related to ship construction contracts and growth, which includes private island developments and enhancements and other strategic growth initiatives, were $0.4 billion for the remainder of 2025 and $2.7 billion for the years ending December 31, 2026 and 2027. The Company has export credit financing in place for the anticipated expenditures related to ship construction contracts of $49.5 million for the remainder of 2025 and $1.6 billion and $2.0 billion for the years ending December 31, 2026 and 2027, respectively. Anticipated other non-newbuild capital expenditures for the remainder of 2025 are approximately $0.1 billion. Future expected capital expenditures will significantly increase our depreciation and amortization expense.
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Newbuilds
The following chart discloses details about our newbuild program. The impacts of initiatives to improve environmental sustainability and modifications that NCLH plans to make to its newbuilds to improve their profitability and better space out the newbuilds, along with shipyard availability, have resulted in us resetting the delivery dates of certain expected ship deliveries. These and other impacts could result in additional delays in ship deliveries in the future, which may be prolonged. Expected delivery dates for our most recently announced newbuilds are preliminary and subject to change.
Year | Brand | Class | Ship Name | Gross Tons(1) | Berths(1) | Status |
2026 | Norwegian Cruise Line | Prima Class | Norwegian Luna | ~156,000 | ~3,565 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2026 | Regent Seven Seas Cruises | Prestige Class | Seven Seas Prestige | ~77,000 | ~822 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2027 | Norwegian Cruise Line | Next Gen "Methanol-Ready(2)" Prima Class | To come | ~169,000 | ~3,840 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2027 | Oceania Cruises | Sonata Class | Oceania Sonata | ~86,000 | ~1,390 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2028 | Norwegian Cruise Line | Next Gen "Methanol-Ready(2)" Prima Class | To come | ~169,000 | ~3,840 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2029 | Oceania Cruises | Sonata Class | Oceania Arietta | ~86,000 | ~1,390 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2030 | Norwegian Cruise Line | New Class | To come | ~227,000 | ~5,000 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2030 | Regent Seven Seas Cruises | Prestige Class | To come | ~77,000 | ~822 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2032 | Oceania Cruises | Sonata Class | To come | ~86,000 | ~1,390 | Contract effective, but not yet financed. |
2032 | Norwegian Cruise Line | New Class | To come | ~227,000 | ~5,000 | Contract effective / financed(3) |
2034 | Norwegian Cruise Line | New Class | To come | ~227,000 | ~5,000 | Contract effective / financing is being negotiated. |
2035 | Oceania Cruises | Sonata Class | To come | ~86,000 | ~1,390 | Contract effective, but not yet financed. |
2036 | Norwegian Cruise Line | New Class | To come | ~227,000 | ~5,000 | Contract effective / financing is being negotiated. |
| (1) | Berths and gross tons are preliminary and subject to change as we approach delivery. |
| (2) | Designs for the final two Prima Class ships have been lengthened and reconfigured to accommodate the use of green methanol as a future fuel source. Additional modifications will be needed to fully enable the use of green methanol. |
| (3) | We have obtained export credit financing which is expected to fund approximately 80% of the contract price of each ship as well as related financing premiums, subject to certain conditions. |
The combined contract prices, including amendments and change orders, of the 13 ships on order for delivery was approximately €18.4 billion, or $21.6 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2025. We do not anticipate any contractual breaches or cancellations to occur. However, if any such events were to occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of prior deposits or payments made by us and potential claims and impairment losses which may materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Capitalized interest for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $21.6 million and $17.2 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $65.5 million and $40.5 million, respectively, primarily associated with the construction of our newbuild ships.
Material Cash Requirements
As of September 30, 2025, our material cash requirements for debt and ship construction were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| Remainder of |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2025 |
| 2026 |
| 2027 |
| 2028 |
| 2029 |
| 2030 |
| Thereafter |
| Total | ||||||||
Long-term debt (1) | | $ | 306,131 | | $ | 1,461,396 | | $ | 1,589,060 | | $ | 1,783,209 | | $ | 1,747,516 | | $ | 3,904,985 | | $ | 7,299,683 | | $ | 18,091,980 |
Ship construction contracts (2) | |
| 161,281 | | | 2,360,781 | | | 2,471,917 | | | 1,509,721 | | | 1,320,504 | | | 3,335,466 | | | 9,455,741 | |
| 20,615,411 |
Total | | $ | 467,412 | | $ | 3,822,177 | | $ | 4,060,977 | | $ | 3,292,930 | | $ | 3,068,020 | | $ | 7,240,451 | | $ | 16,755,424 | | $ | 38,707,391 |
| (1) | Includes principal as well as estimated interest payments with Term SOFR held constant as of September 30, 2025. Includes exchangeable notes, portions of which can be settled in NCLH ordinary shares. Excludes the impact of any future possible refinancings and undrawn export-credit backed facilities. |
| (2) | Ship construction contracts are for our newbuild ships based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2025. We currently have committed undrawn export-credit backed facilities of approximately $12.3 billion which funds approximately 80% of our ship construction contracts, with the exception of the two Sonata Class Ships on order for Oceania Cruises with currently scheduled delivery in 2032 and 2035 and the two additional ships on order for Norwegian Cruise Line with currently scheduled delivery in 2034 and 2036. |
Funding Sources
Certain of our debt agreements contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain a minimum level of liquidity, as well as limit our net funded debt-to-capital ratio and maintain certain other ratios. The net book value of our ships pledged as collateral for certain of our debt is approximately $14 billion. We believe we were in compliance with our covenants as of September 30, 2025.
In addition, our existing debt agreements restrict, and any of our future debt arrangements may restrict, among other things, the ability of our subsidiaries, including NCLC, to make distributions and/or pay dividends to NCLH and NCLH’s ability to pay cash dividends to its shareholders. NCLH is a holding company and depends upon its subsidiaries for their ability to pay distributions to it to finance any dividend or pay any other obligations of NCLH. However, we do not believe that these restrictions have had or are expected to have an impact on our ability to meet any cash obligations.
We believe our cash on hand, borrowings available under the Revolving Loan Facility, expected future operating cash inflows and our ability to issue debt securities or additional equity securities will be sufficient to fund operations, debt payment requirements and capital expenditures and maintain compliance with covenants under our debt agreements over the next 12-month period. Refer to “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—General” for further information regarding liquidity.
Other
Certain service providers may require collateral in the normal course of our business. The amount of collateral may change based on certain terms and conditions. We refer you to “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—General” for information regarding collateral that may be provided to our credit card processors.
As a routine part of our business, depending on market conditions, exchange rates, pricing and our strategy for growth, we regularly consider opportunities to enter into contracts for the building of additional ships, acquisitions and strategic alliances. If any of these transactions were to occur, they may be financed through the incurrence of additional permitted indebtedness, through cash flows from operations, or through the issuance of debt, equity or equity-related securities.
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Additionally, we consider opportunities for the sale of ships and long-term charters with purchase options. For example, the Company recently executed long-term charter agreements, each inclusive of purchase options, for Norwegian Sky beginning in 2026 and Norwegian Sun beginning in 2027. We are currently contemplating additional long-term charters with a purchase option for a nominal value at the end of the lease period. These types of agreements are being pursued as part of our ship disposal strategy for certain older vessels in our fleet.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
General
We are exposed to market risk attributable to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. We attempt to minimize these risks through a combination of our normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivatives. The financial impacts of these derivative instruments are primarily offset by corresponding changes in the underlying exposures being hedged. We achieve this by closely matching the notional, term and conditions of the derivatives with the underlying risk being hedged. We do not hold or issue derivatives for trading or other speculative purposes. Derivative positions are monitored using techniques including market valuations and sensitivity analyses.
Interest Rate Risk
As of September 30, 2025, 92% of our debt was fixed and 8% was variable. As of December 31, 2024, 94% of our debt was fixed and 6% was variable. The change in our fixed rate percentage from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025 was primarily due to the addition of variable rate debt proportionally higher than the addition of fixed rate debt. Based on our September 30, 2025 outstanding variable rate debt balance, a one percentage point increase in annual Term SOFR interest rates would increase our annual interest expense by approximately $12.3 million excluding the effects of capitalization of interest.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We use foreign currency derivatives to hedge the exposure to volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. As of September 30, 2025, the payments not hedged aggregated €16.4 billion, or $19.2 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the payments not hedged aggregated €16.0 billion, or $16.6 billion, based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of December 31, 2024. The change from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025 was primarily due to the addition of confirmed ship construction contracts and an increase in the contract prices of our Norwegian ships to be delivered from 2030 through 2036 offset by the delivery of Norwegian Aqua and Oceania Allura. We estimate that a 10% change in the euro as of September 30, 2025 would result in a $1.9 billion change in the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency denominated remaining payments.
Additionally, in 2025, we borrowed debt denominated in euros in connection with our newbuild program. Net gains and losses recognized in other income (expense), net from exchange rate remeasurements on euro-denominated debt were gains of $4.7 million and losses of $15.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and were losses of $133.3 million and $6.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, the total aggregate euro-denominated debt balance not hedged was approximately €1.7 billion, or $2.0 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of September 30, 2025. We estimate that a 10% change in the euro as of September 30, 2025 would result in a $200.8 million change in the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency denominated debt principal not hedged.
Fuel Price Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in fuel prices relates to the forecasted purchases of fuel on our ships. Fuel expense, as a percentage of our total cruise operating expense, was 11.3% and 10.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 11.8% and 12.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We use fuel derivative agreements to mitigate the financial impact of fluctuations in fuel prices, and
43
as of September 30, 2025, we had hedged approximately 58%, 48% and 22% of our remaining 2025, 2026 and 2027 projected metric tons of fuel purchases, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had hedged approximately 56% and 21% of our 2025 and 2026 projected metric tons of fuel purchases, respectively. The percentage of fuel purchases hedged changed between December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025 primarily due to additional fuel swaps.
We estimate that a 10% increase in our weighted-average fuel price would increase our anticipated 2025 fuel expense by $15.4 million. This increase would be offset by an increase in the fair value of all our fuel swap agreements of $7.4 million. Fair value of our derivative contracts is derived using valuation models that utilize the income valuation approach. These valuation models take into account the contract terms such as maturity, as well as other inputs such as fuel types, fuel curves, creditworthiness of the counterparty and the Company, as well as other data points.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management has evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of September 30, 2025. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon management’s evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2025 to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there is only the reasonable assurance that our controls will succeed in achieving their goals under all potential future conditions.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Our threshold for disclosing material environmental legal proceedings involving a governmental authority where potential monetary sanctions are involved is $1 million.
See the section titled “Litigation” in “Item 1—Financial Statements—Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 10 Commitments and Contingencies” in Part I of this report for information about legal proceedings.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
We refer you to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the risk factors that affect our business and financial results. We caution you that the risk factors discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, elsewhere in this report or other SEC filings could cause future results to differ materially from those stated in any forward-looking statements. You should not interpret the disclosure of a risk to imply that the risk has not already materialized. The impact of macroeconomic conditions and global conflicts have also had the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, such as those relating to our need to generate sufficient cash flows to service our indebtedness, and our ability to comply with the covenants contained in the agreements that govern our indebtedness.
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 5. Other Information
10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers subject to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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Item 6. Exhibits
1.1 | | |
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4.1 | | |
| | |
4.2 | | |
| | |
4.3 | | |
| | |
10.1 | | |
| | |
10.2 | | |
| | |
31.1* | | |
31.2* | | |
32.1** | |
101* | | The following unaudited consolidated financial statements from Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL: |
46
| | |
| | (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024; |
| | |
| | (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024; |
| | |
| | (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024; |
| | |
| | (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024; |
| | |
| | (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024; and |
| | |
| | (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| | |
104* | | The cover page from Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL and included in the interactive data files submitted as Exhibit 101. |
# Certain portions of this document that constitute confidential information have been redacted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601(b)(10).
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDINGS LTD. | ||
(Registrant) | ||
|
| |
By: | /s/ HARRY SOMMER | |
Name: | Harry Sommer | |
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) | |
|
| |
By: | /s/ MARK A. KEMPA | |
Name: | Mark A. Kempa | |
Title: | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial Officer) | |
| | |
| | |
Dated: November 4, 2025 | | |
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Harry Sommer, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 4, 2025 | ||
/s/ Harry Sommer | ||
Name: | Harry Sommer | |
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Mark A. Kempa, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 4, 2025 | ||
| /s/ Mark A. Kempa | |
| Name: | Mark A. Kempa |
| Title: | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C.
SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, each of Harry Sommer, the President and Chief Executive Officer, and Mark A. Kempa, the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. (the "Company"), does hereby certify, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company, for the quarter ended September 30, 2025 (the “Form 10-Q”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Dated: November 4, 2025 | ||
By: | /s/ Harry Sommer | |
Name: | Harry Sommer | |
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
By: | /s/ Mark A. Kempa | |
Name: | Mark A. Kempa | |
Title: | Executive Vice President and Chief | |
| | Financial Officer |