NextCure, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q1
NextCure, Inc. (NXTC)
About this 10-Q
NextCure, Inc filed this 10-Q on May 1, 2025, covering the quarter ended March 31, 2025 (FY2025 Q1).
Headline figures
Quarter ended March 31, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Net loss
- $10.98M
- compared with a net loss of $17.11M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$0.39
- compared with -$0.61 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
or
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number:
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered: |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ |
Smaller reporting company | |
Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
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As of April 28, 2025, the registrant had
NextCure, Inc.
Form 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
NEXTCURE, INC.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
( in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| | March 31, 2025 |
| December 31, | ||
|
| (unaudited) |
| 2024 | ||
Assets |
| | |
| ||
Current assets: |
| | | | |
|
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | | | $ | |
Marketable securities | | | | | | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |
| | |
| |
Total current assets | |
| | |
| |
Property and equipment, net | |
| | |
| |
Right of use assets | | | | | | |
Other assets | |
| | |
| |
Total assets | | $ | | | $ | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |
|
| |
|
|
Current liabilities: | |
|
| |
|
|
Accounts payable | | $ | | | $ | |
Accrued liabilities and other liabilities | |
| | |
| |
Total current liabilities | |
| | |
| |
Lease liabilities, long term | | | | | | |
Other long-term liabilities | |
| | |
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Total liabilities | |
| | |
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Stockholders’ equity: | |
|
| |
|
|
Preferred stock, par value of $ | | | | | ||
Common stock, par value of $ | |
| | |
| |
Additional paid-in capital | |
| | |
| |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | — | | | |
Accumulated deficit | |
| ( | |
| ( |
Total stockholders’ equity | |
| | |
| |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
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NEXTCURE, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| | Three Months Ended | | ||||
| | March 31, | | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | | ||
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | $ | | | $ | | |
General and administrative | | | | | | | |
Restructuring and asset impairment charges | | | — | | | | |
Total operating expenses | |
| | |
| | |
Loss from operations | |
| ( | |
| ( | |
Other income, net | |
| | |
| | |
Net loss | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | |
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted | | ( | | ( | | ||
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic and diluted | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | |
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities | | | ( | | | | |
Total comprehensive loss | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
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NEXTCURE, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(unaudited, in thousands, except share data)
| | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | Additional | | Accumulated Other | | | | | |
| ||
| | Common Stock | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Stockholders’ | |||||||
| | Shares | | Amount | | Capital | | Income | | Deficit | | Equity | |||||
Balance as of December 31, 2024 |
| | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Stock-based compensation | | — | | | — | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Unrealized loss on marketable securities, net of tax | | — | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | — | | | ( |
Net loss | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | ( |
Balance as of March 31, 2025 | | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — | | $ | ( | | $ | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | Additional | | Accumulated Other | | | | | |
| ||
| | Common Stock | | Paid-in | | Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Stockholders’ | |||||||
| | Shares | | Amount | | Capital | | (Loss) Income | | Deficit | | Equity | |||||
Balance as of December 31, 2023 |
| | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
Stock-based compensation | | — | | | — | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | — | | | |
Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | | — | | | |
Net loss |
| — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | ( | | | ( |
Balance as of March 31, 2024 | | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
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NEXTCURE, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended | ||||
| | March 31, | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
| |
| | |
|
Net loss | | $ | ( | | $ | ( |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | |
| | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | |
| | | | |
Amortization of premiums and discounts on marketable securities | | | ( | | | ( |
Stock-based compensation | |
| | | | |
Asset impairment | | | — | | | |
Noncash operating lease expense | | | | | | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |
| | | | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | |
| | | | ( |
Accounts payable | |
| ( | | | |
Accrued liabilities and other liabilities | |
| ( | | | |
Lease liabilities | | | ( | | | ( |
Other long-term liabilities | | | ( | | | ( |
Net cash used in operating activities | |
| ( | | | ( |
Cash flows from investing activities: | |
| | | | |
Sales and maturities of marketable securities | |
| | | | |
Purchases of marketable securities | | | ( | | | ( |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | — | | | ( |
Net cash provided by investing activities | |
| | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | |
| | | | |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | | — | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | |
| — | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | |
| ( | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period | |
| | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period | | $ | | | $ | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | |
| | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | | | $ | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
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1. Nature of the Business
Organization
NextCure, Inc. (“NextCure” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) was incorporated in Delaware in September 2015 and is headquartered in Beltsville, Maryland. The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that is focused on advancing innovative medicines that treat cancer patients that do not respond to, or that have disease progression on, current therapies, through the use of targeted therapies including antibody-drug conjugates. The Company focuses on advancing therapies that leverage our core strengths in understanding biological pathways and biomarkers, the interactions of cells, including in the tumor microenvironment, and the role each interaction plays in a biologic response. Since inception, the Company has devoted substantially all of its efforts and financial resources to discovery, research and development activities for the Company’s product candidates, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital and securing intellectual property rights related to the Company’s product candidates.
Liquidity
The Company has not generated any revenue to date from product sales and does not expect to generate any revenues from product sales in the foreseeable future. Through March 31, 2025, the Company has funded its operations primarily with proceeds from public offerings of its common stock, private placements of its preferred stock and upfront fees received under the Company’s former agreement with Eli Lilly and Company, which was terminated in March 2020. The Company expects to incur additional operating losses and negative operating cash flows for the foreseeable future.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Annual Report”).
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed financial statements include the accounts of the Company and have been prepared by the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto in the Annual Report.
Unaudited Financial Information
In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects certain adjustments, all which are of a normal and recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of the reported balance sheet date and of the Company’s results for the reported interim periods. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or any other interim period.
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Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, management does not believe that such differences would be material.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). All other ASUs issued subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report were assessed and determined to be either inapplicable or not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
3. Marketable Securities
Marketable securities consist of the following:
| | March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | | ||
| | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Estimated | ||||
(in thousands) |
| Cost |
| Gain |
| Loss |
| Fair Value | ||||
Corporate bonds | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | |
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies | | | | | | — | | | ( | | | |
Total | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | |
| | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | | ||
| | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Estimated | ||||
(in thousands) |
| Cost |
| Gain |
| Loss |
| Fair Value | ||||
Corporate bonds | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | |
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies | | | | | | | | | — | | | |
Total | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | ( | | $ | |
The Company uses the specific identification method when calculating realized gains and losses. The Company did not realize any gains or losses on available-for-sale securities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company reviewed all investments which were in a loss position at the respective balance sheet dates, as well as the remainder of the portfolio. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had investments with a total fair market value of $
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The following table summarizes maturities of the Company’s investments available-for-sale as of March 31, 2025:
| | March 31, 2025 | ||||
| | | | | Fair | |
(in thousands) |
| Cost |
| Value | ||
Maturities: | | | | | | |
Within 1 year | | $ | | | $ | |
Over 1 year | |
| | |
| |
Total investments available-for-sale | | $ | | | $ | |
The Company has elected to report interest receivable from its marketable securities with prepaid expenses and other current assets on its balance sheet. Interest receivable included in prepaid expenses and other current assets totaled $
4. Fair Value Measurements
The Company has certain financial assets recorded at fair value, which have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy as described in the accounting standards for fair value measurements.
Level 1—Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted market prices, interest rates and yield curves.
Level 3—Unobservable inputs developed using estimates of assumptions developed by the Company, which reflect those that a market participant would use.
To the extent the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair values requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized as Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
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The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| | March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | Significant | | | | |
| | | | | Quoted Prices in | | Other | | | | ||
| | | | | Active Markets or | | Observable | | Significant | |||
| | | | | Identical Assets | | Inputs | | Unobservable | |||
(in thousands) |
| Total |
| (Level 1) |
| (Level 2) |
| (Level 3) | ||||
Cash equivalents: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — | | $ | — |
Marketable securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate bonds | | | | | | — | | | | | | — |
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies | | | | | | — | | | | | | — |
Total | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — |
| | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | Significant | | | | |
| | | | | Quoted Prices in | | Other | | | | ||
| | | | | Active Markets or | | Observable | | Significant | |||
| | | | | Identical Assets | | Inputs | | Unobservable | |||
(in thousands) |
| Total |
| (Level 1) |
| (Level 2) |
| (Level 3) | ||||
Cash equivalents: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — | | $ | — |
Marketable securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate bonds | | | | | | — | | | | | | — |
U.S. Treasury and Government agencies | | | | | | — | | | | | | — |
Total | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | — |
The Company
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5. Leases
The Company's lease portfolio consists of office space and laboratory facilities. All of the Company's leases are classified as operating leases. The terms of the Company's lease agreements currently extend through March 2030 and provide the Company with an
The leases do not provide an implicit rate; therefore, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate when measuring operating lease liabilities. The incremental borrowing rate represents an estimate of the interest rate the Company would incur at lease commencement to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over the term of the lease.
Operating lease expense was $
As of March 31, 2025, the maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands), which are included in Accrued liabilities and other liabilities and Lease liabilities, long term in the accompanying balance sheet:
| | | | | | |
| |
| | |
| |
| 2025 | | $ | | | |
| 2026 | |
| | | |
| 2027 | |
| | | |
| 2028 | |
| | | |
| 2029 | | | | | |
| Thereafter | |
| | | |
| Total future minimum payments | | $ | | | |
| Less: present value discount | | | ( | | |
| Present value of lease liabilities | | $ | | | |
| | | | | | |
6. Stock-Based Compensation
Employee Equity Plans
The NextCure, Inc. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) was adopted in December 2015 and provides for the grant of awards of stock options, restricted stock awards, unrestricted stock awards and restricted stock units to employees, consultants, and directors of the Company.
The NextCure, Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) became effective on May 8, 2019, the date on which the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed in connection with the Company’s initial public offering was declared effective (the “Effective Date”). The Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) determined not to make additional awards under the 2015 Plan following the effectiveness of the 2019 Plan. The 2019 Plan provides for the
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grant of awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, unrestricted stock, dividend equivalent rights, other equity-based awards and cash bonus awards to the Company’s officers, employees and non-employee directors as well as other key persons (including consultants).
The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan is
As of March 31, 2025,
Stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2019 Plan (together, the “Plans”) to employees generally vest over
A summary of stock option activity for awards under the Plans is presented below:
| | Options Outstanding and Exercisable | ||||||||
| | | | | | | Weighted | | | |
| | | | Weighted | | Average | | Aggregate | ||
| | | | Average | | Remaining | | Intrinsic | ||
| | Number of | | Exercise | | Contractual | | Value(1) | ||
|
| Shares |
| Price |
| Life (Years) |
| (in thousands) | ||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 |
| | | $ | |
| | $ | | |
Granted | | | | $ | | | — | | | — |
Exercised | | — | | $ | | | — | | | — |
Forfeitures | | ( | | $ | | | — | | | — |
Outstanding as of March 31, 2025 | | | | $ | | | | | | |
Exercisable as of March 31, 2025 |
| | | $ | |
| | $ | | |
| (1) | The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the estimated fair value of the common stock for the options that were in the money at December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025. |
The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted to employees for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $
The aggregate grant date fair value of stock options vested during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was approximately $
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Stock-based compensation expense was classified on the statements of operations as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
| | Three Months Ended | | ||||
| | March 31, | | ||||
(in thousands) |
| 2025 |
| 2024 | | ||
Research and development | | $ | | | $ | | |
General and administrative | |
| | |
| | |
Total stock-based compensation expense | | $ | | | $ | | |
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions in the following table for options issued during the period indicated:
| | Three Months Ended | | ||||
| | March 31, | | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | | ||
Expected term |
| years | | | years | | |
Expected volatility |
| | % | | | % | |
Risk free interest rate |
| | % | | % | | |
Expected dividend yield |
| — | % | | — | % | |
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The NextCure, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) was approved in May 2019 and provides for eligible employees of the Company to purchase shares of Company stock at a discounted price. As of March 31, 2025,
7. Collaboration Agreements
Collaboration Agreement with LigaChem Biosciences, Inc. (“LigaChem”), formerly known as LegoChem Biosciences
In November 2022, the Company entered into a Research Collaboration and Co-Development Agreement (“Agreement”) with LigaChem to develop up to
Effective April 1, 2023, the parties designated the initial co-development product under the Agreement. As such, cost sharing on a
Given the involvement by both parties under this Agreement, management assessed the criteria under ASC 808 to determine if the Agreement is within the scope of ASC 808. Based on the terms of the Agreement, the Company concluded that the Agreement meets the requirements of a collaboration within the guidance of ASC 808. The Company
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and LigaChem are active participants in the activities associated with the Agreement and are exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of the activity encompassed thereby. The Agreement is not reflective of a vendor-customer relationship and therefore not within the scope of ASC 606. Accordingly, the net costs associated with the co-development pursuant to the Agreement are expensed as incurred and recognized within research and development expenses on the statement of operations.
As of March 31, 2025, LNCB74 was the only co-development product and was in the early stages of development. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company incurred more costs than LigaChem under the Agreement, and was entitled to $
8. Restructuring and Asset Impairment
On March 19, 2024, the Board approved a restructuring plan and prioritization (the “2024 Restructuring”) of its clinical portfolio to focus on what the Board believed to be the Company’s highest-value opportunities in NC410 (ovarian and colorectal cancer) and LNCB74 (B7-H4 ADC). In addition to prioritizing these programs, the Company paused its internal manufacturing operations and reduced its workforce by approximately
Employees affected by the reduction in force under the 2024 Restructuring were entitled to receive severance payments and Company-funded medical insurance for a specified time. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $
The Company also completed an evaluation of the impact of the 2024 Restructuring on the carrying value of its long-lived assets. Our evaluation determined that indicators of impairment were present within right of use assets and property and equipment. Where impairment indicators existed, the Company evaluated the identified asset group and separately compared the estimated undiscounted cash flow for each asset group to the net book value of the related long-term asset. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined an impairment was present and then calculated the amount of the impairment by developing a fair value estimate of the asset group that was compared to the carrying value.
The Company recorded $
Assumptions used in this analysis included current real estate trends, length of time to enter into a sublease and the discount rate used to develop the present value estimate. Other assumptions included an estimate of the salvage value for manufacturing equipment that is no longer in use. These assumptions are considered nonrecurring Level 3 estimates.
9. Segment Information
We operate our business in
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The accounting policies of the life sciences segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The CODM assesses performance for the life science segment based on net loss, which is reported on the statements of operations and comprehensive net loss as net loss. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total assets.
To date, the Company has not generated any product revenue. The Company expects to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future as it advances product candidates through all stages of development and clinical trials and, ultimately, seek regulatory approval.
As such, the CODM uses cash forecast models in deciding how to invest into the life sciences segment. Such cash forecast models are reviewed to assess the entity-wide operating results and performance. Net loss is used to monitor budget versus actual results. Monitoring budgeted versus actual results is used in assessing performance of the segment and in establishing management’s compensation, along with cash forecast models.
The tables below summarize the significant expense categories regularly reviewed by the CODM for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
(in thousands) | | March 31, | | March 31, | ||
| | 2025 |
| 2024 | ||
Research and development expenses | | | | | | |
Employee costs | | $ | | | $ | |
Clinical product candidates | | | | | | |
Nonclinical product candidates | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | | |
Other R&D (1) | | | | | | |
Total R&D | | $ | | | $ | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
General and administrative expenses | | | | | | |
Employee costs | | $ | | | $ | |
Professional services | | | | | | |
Insurance | | | | | | |
Other G&A (2) | | | | | | |
Total G&A | | $ | | | $ | |
| (1) | Other R&D consists of facilities related expenses and office expenses. |
| (2) | Other G&A consists of facilities related expenses, depreciation, office expenses and taxes and fees. |
10. Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
The computation of basic loss per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, without consideration for dilutive common stock equivalents. The computation of diluted loss per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares, which include shares that may be issued under the 2015 Plan and 2019 Plan, as determined using the treasury stock method.
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The computation for basic and diluted loss per share were as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
| | Three Months Ended | | ||||
| | March 31, | | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | | ||
Net loss (Numerator): |
| |
| | |
|
|
Net loss - basic and diluted | | $ | ( | | $ | ( | |
Shares (Denominator): | |
|
| |
|
| |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic and diluted | |
| | |
| | |
Loss per share - basic and diluted | | ( | | ( | | ||
For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, all options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive. Therefore, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same.
The Company excluded the following potential common shares, presented based on amounts outstanding at period end, from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the period indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:
| | March 31, | |||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | |
Outstanding options to purchase common stock |
| | | | |
Total |
| | | | |
11. Income Taxes
The Company did
The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence involving its ability to realize its deferred tax assets. Management has considered the Company’s history of cumulative net losses incurred since inception and its lack of any commercially ready products. It has concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the deferred tax assets. Management reevaluates the positive and negative evidence at each reporting period.
Under the provisions of Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”), certain substantial changes in the Company’s ownership may have limited, or may limit in the future, the amount of net operating loss and research and development credit carryforwards that can be used to reduce future income taxes. We have not performed a detailed analysis to determine whether an ownership change under Section 382 of the IRC occurred. The effect of an ownership change would be the imposition of an annual limitation on the use of losses and credits attributable to periods before the change and could result in a reduction in the total losses and credits available.
12. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company is a party to litigation or legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently a party to any litigation or legal proceeding, nor is management aware of any
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pending or threatened litigation that, in the opinion of the Company’s management, is likely to materially affect the Company’s business or financial results. At each reporting date, the Company evaluates whether a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable under the provisions of the authoritative guidance that addresses accounting for contingencies. The Company expenses the costs related to its legal proceedings as incurred.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report and the audited financial information and related notes, as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other disclosures, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, or our “2024 Annual Report.” Some of the statements contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “positioned,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or similar language. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:
| ● | our expectations regarding the timing, progress and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for LNCB74 and any other product candidates we develop, including statements regarding the timing of initiation and completion of studies or trials and related preparatory work, the period during which the results of the trials will become available and our research and development programs; |
| ● | the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings for LCNB74 and any other product candidates we develop and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for such product candidates for any indication; |
| ● | the identification, analysis and use of biomarkers and biomarker data; |
| ● | our drug product sourcing and manufacturing strategy, including the scalability of our methods and processes; |
| ● | our expectations regarding the potential benefits, activity, effectiveness and safety of LNCB74 and any other product candidates we develop; |
| ● | our intentions and ability to successfully commercialize, including through partnering, our product candidates; |
| ● | our expectations regarding the nature of the biological pathways we are targeting; |
| ● | our expectations regarding our ability to discover and advance product candidates using our technologies; |
| ● | the potential benefits of and our ability to maintain our relationship with LigaChem Biosciences, Inc., Yale University and other third parties; |
| ● | our ability to retain key personnel; |
| ● | our estimates regarding our expenses, future revenues, capital requirements, needs for or ability to obtain additional financing and the period over which we expect our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities to be sufficient to fund our operations; |
| ● | our intended reliance on and the performance of third parties, including collaborators, contract research organizations and third-party manufacturers; |
| ● | our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property protection and the scope and duration of such protection; |
| ● | our ability to maintain listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market; |
| ● | developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry, including competing therapies; and |
| ● | the impact of current and future laws and regulations. |
Forward-looking statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement. Such risks and uncertainties include, among others: the potential that positive results in preclinical studies may not be predictive of the results of clinical trials; our limited operating history and lack of any products approved for commercial sale; our history of significant losses; our need and ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms or at all; risks related to clinical development, marketing approval and commercialization; the unproven approach to the discovery and development of product candidates based on our technologies; risks related to our restructuring and reduction in force; and our dependence on key personnel. More detailed information on these and additional factors that could affect our actual results are described under the heading “Risk Factors” in our 2024 Annual Report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, even if expectations change.
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We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that is focused on advancing innovative medicines that treat cancer patients that do not respond to, or that have disease progression on, current therapies, through the use of targeted therapies, including antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”), antibodies and proteins. We focus on advancing therapies that leverage our core strengths in understanding biological pathways and biomarkers, the interactions of cells, including in the tumor microenvironment, and the role each interaction plays in a biologic response.
Our product candidate LNCB74 is designed as a state-of-the-art B7-H4 targeted ADC to kill tumors. An ADC consists of a monoclonal antibody conjugated to a cytotoxic drug via a chemical linker. B7-H4, a clinically validated target, is a cell surface protein expressed on multiple tumor types including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers, that we believe represents a large market opportunity. LNCB74 will be positioned as a promising B7-H4 ADC with both potential improved safety and efficacy compared to other ADCs targeting B7-H4. Preclinical studies demonstrated potent tumor killing in disease models and a favorable safety profile. LNCB74 is being advanced under a November 2022 Research Collaboration and Co-Development Agreement with LigaChem Biosciences, Inc. (formerly known as LegoChem Biosciences, Inc., or hereinafter “LigaChem”).
In December 2024, we announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) accepted an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) application for initiation of a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate LNCB74 for treating multiple cancers known to have high B7-H4 expression. Since announcing in January 2025 that the first patient in our Phase 1 trial of LNCB74 had been dosed, we have cleared cohort 2 in April 2025 and are currently within cohort 3 of the dose escalation portion of the Phase 1 trial, enrolling patients with various tumor types, including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers. We plan to initiate backfill cohorts in the second half of 2025 and provide a proof of concept data readout in the first half of 2026.
In addition, we are seeking to partner our other clinical programs NC410 and NC525 and to pursue a partner or third-party financing to advance our preclinical non-oncology programs NC605 and NC181.
In March 2024, we announced a prioritization and restructuring of our operations to align with our focused pipeline (the “2024 Restructuring”). We paused our internal manufacturing operations and reduced our workforce. In part because of these actions, we expect to fund our operations into the second half of 2026 with our existing cash position of approximately $55.9 million as of March 31, 2025.
Financial Overview
Since commencing operations in 2015, we have devoted substantially all of our efforts and financial resources to organizing and staffing our company, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital, securing intellectual property rights related to our product candidates, building and optimizing our manufacturing capabilities and conducting discovery, research and development activities for our product candidates.
To date, we have not generated any revenue from product sales and have financed our operations primarily through proceeds from public offerings of our common stock, with private placements of our preferred stock and with upfront fees received under our former research and development collaboration agreement. Since inception through March 31, 2025, we raised approximately $423 million in gross proceeds from the sale of equity instruments and had received a $25 million upfront payment from our former collaboration partner. We have never been profitable and have incurred net losses since the commencement of our operations. Our net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, was $11.0 million and $17.1 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $391.1 million, primarily as a result of research and development and general and administrative expenses. We do not expect to generate product revenue unless and until we obtain marketing approval for and commercialize a product candidate, and we cannot make assurances that we will ever generate significant revenue or profits.
As of March 31, 2025, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $55.9 million. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into the second half of 2026. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect.
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We expect to incur substantial expenditures in the foreseeable future as we advance LNCB74 through clinical development, the regulatory approval process and, if approved, commercialization. Specifically, in the near term, we expect to incur expenses relating to clinical development activities with respect to LNCB74, and other research and development activities.
We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and to pursue our development strategy. Until such time as we can generate significant revenue from sales of our product candidates, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of public and private equity offerings, debt financings, marketing and distribution arrangements, other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. Adequate funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such agreements as and when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate preclinical studies, clinical trials, or other research and development activities or one or more of our development programs.
Components of Our Results of Operations
Operating Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for our clinical trials, discovery efforts, research activities, and development and testing of our product candidates and include:
| ● | expenses incurred under agreements with third parties, including agreements with third parties that conduct research, preclinical activities or clinical trials on our behalf; |
| ● | the costs of outside consultants, including their fees, stock-based compensation and related travel expenses; |
| ● | the costs of laboratory supplies and acquiring, developing and manufacturing preclinical study and clinical trial materials; |
| ● | salaries, benefits and other related costs, including stock-based compensation, for personnel engaged in research and development functions; and |
| ● | facility-related expenses, which include direct depreciation costs and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities and other operating costs. |
We expense research and development costs as incurred. Our expenses related to clinical trials are based on actual costs incurred and estimates of other incurred costs. These estimated costs are based on several factors, including patient enrollment and related expenses at clinical investigator sites, contract services received, consulting agreement costs and efforts expended under contracts with research institutions and third-party contract research organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials on our behalf. We generally accrue estimated costs related to clinical trials based on contracted amounts applied to the level of patient enrollment and other activity according to the protocol. If future timelines or contracts are modified based on changes in the clinical trial protocol or scope of work to be performed, we would modify our estimates of accrued expenses accordingly on a prospective basis. Historically, any such modifications have not been material.
Research and development activities are central to our business model. We expect that our research and development expenses will increase substantially in the future as we advance our product candidates through development.
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We cannot determine with certainty the duration and costs of future clinical trials of LNCB74 or any other product candidate we may develop or if, when or to what extent we will generate revenue from the commercialization and sale of any product candidate for which we may obtain marketing approval. We may never succeed in obtaining marketing approval for any product candidate. The duration, costs and timing of clinical trials and development of LNCB74 and any other product candidate we may develop will depend on a variety of factors, including:
| ● | the scope, progress, results and costs of clinical trials of LNCB74 as well as of any future clinical trials of other product candidates and other research and development activities that we may conduct; |
| ● | our ability to obtain partnerships for our other programs; |
| ● | uncertainties in selection of indications, clinical trial design and patient enrollment rates; |
| ● | the probability of success for our product candidates, including safety and efficacy, early clinical data, competition, ease and ability of manufacturing and commercial viability; |
| ● | significant and changing government regulation and regulatory guidance; |
| ● | the timing and receipt of any development or marketing approvals; and |
| ● | the expense of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights. |
A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could lead to a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those that we anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate, or if we experience significant delays in our clinical trials due to patient enrollment or other reasons, we would be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time to complete clinical development for any such product candidate.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, including payroll and stock-based compensation, for personnel in executive, finance, human resources, business and corporate development and other administrative functions, professional fees for legal, intellectual property, consulting and accounting services, rent and other facility-related costs, depreciation and other general operating expenses not otherwise classified as research and development expenses. General and administrative expenses also include all patent-related costs incurred in connection with filing and prosecuting patent applications, which are expensed as incurred.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on marketable securities.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):
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| | Three Months Ended | | | | | ||||
| | March 31, | | | | | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| Change | | |||
Operating expenses: |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Research and development | | $ | 7,896 | | $ | 11,398 | | $ | (3,502) | |
General and administrative | |
| 3,726 | |
| 4,364 | |
| (638) | |
Restructuring and asset impairment charges | | | — | | | 2,542 | | | (2,542) | |
Loss from operations | |
| (11,622) | |
| (18,304) | |
| (6,682) | |
Other income, net | |
| 646 | |
| 1,197 | |
| (551) | |
Net loss | | $ | (10,976) | | $ | (17,107) | | $ | (6,131) | |
Research and Development Expenses
The following table summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | | | ||||
| | March 31, | | | | ||||
(in thousands) |
| 2025 |
| 2024 |
| Change | |||
External research and development expenses: | | | | | | | | | |
LNCB74, net of cost sharing | | | 592 | | | 889 | | | (297) |
Other programs and preclinical development | | | 3,337 | | | 6,950 | | | (3,613) |
Total external research and development expenses | | | 3,929 | | | 7,839 | | | (3,910) |
Total internal research and development expenses | | | 3,967 | | | 3,559 | | | 408 |
Total research and development expenses |
| $ | 7,896 | | $ | 11,398 | | $ | (3,502) |
We do not allocate personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation costs, or other indirect costs to specific programs, as they are deployed across multiple projects under development and discovery and, as such, are separately classified as internal research and development expenses in the table above.
Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $3.5 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to lower costs on programs other than LNCB74. In particular, costs for NC410 were reduced as compared to the first quarter of 2024 because patient enrollment was stopped in 2024 as the Company focused on finding a partner to further develop this program. Internal costs increased, as lower personnel-related costs due to the 2024 Restructuring were offset by the timing of reimbursement of costs subject to cost sharing under our collaboration with LigaChem. In the first quarter of 2024, we finalized cost sharing with LigaChem for the full year 2023 and recorded a cost reduction of $1.6 million.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $0.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease was driven primarily by $0.4 million lower personnel-related costs resulting from the 2024 Restructuring, and lower insurance costs.
Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges
There were no restructuring and asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Restructuring and asset impairment charges were $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, consisting of $0.7 million of severance charges as a result of a reduction in force and $1.8 million of asset impairment charges associated with the write-down of certain manufacturing equipment, right of use assets and related improvements, each in connection with the 2024 Restructuring.
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Other Income, Net
Other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased by $0.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to lower interest income as a result of lower investable cash.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception through March 31, 2025, we have raised approximately $423 million in gross proceeds from the sale of equity instruments and had received a $25 million upfront payment from our former collaboration partner.
On August 4, 2023, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Leerink Partners LLC (the “Agent”), pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate sales price of $75 million of its common stock through the Agent in negotiated transactions that are deemed to be an “at the market offering.” The Agent will be entitled to compensation equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of all shares of common stock sold through it as Agent under the Sales Agreement. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company from time to time, including, among other things, market conditions, the trading price of the common stock, capital needs and determinations by the Company of the appropriate sources of funding for the Company. No shares of common stock were sold in the three months ended March 31,2025.
As of March 31, 2025, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $55.9 million. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into the second half of 2026.
We will continue to require additional capital to develop our product candidates and fund operations for the foreseeable future. We may seek to raise capital through sale of equity, debt financings, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. Adequate additional funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such agreements as and when needed, we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development of our product candidates. Our need to raise additional capital will depend on many factors, including:
| ● | the scope, progress, results and costs of researching and developing LNCB74 and our other programs, and of conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials; |
| ● | the timing of, and the costs involved in, obtaining marketing approvals for LNCB74 and any future product candidates we develop, if clinical trials are successful; |
| ● | the costs of manufacturing LNCB74 and any future product candidates we develop for preclinical studies and clinical trials in preparation for marketing approval and commercialization; |
| ● | the costs of commercialization activities, including marketing, sales and distribution costs, for LNCB74 and any future product candidates we develop, whether alone or with a collaborator, if any such product candidates are approved for sale, including marketing, sales and distribution costs; |
| ● | our ability to establish and maintain additional collaborations, licenses or other arrangements on favorable terms, if at all; |
| ● | the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, expanding, defending and enforcing patent claims, including litigation costs and the outcome of any such litigation; |
| ● | our current collaboration and license agreements remaining in effect and our achievement of milestones and the timing and amount of milestone payments we are required to make, or that we may be eligible to receive, under those agreements; |
| ● | the timing, receipt and amount of sales of, or royalties on, our future products, if any; and |
| ● | the emergence of competing therapies and other developments in the oncology market. |
Adequate additional financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience dilution. Any future debt financing into which we
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enter may impose upon us additional covenants that restrict our operations, including limitations on our ability to incur liens or additional debt, pay dividends, repurchase our common stock, make certain investments and engage in certain merger, consolidation or asset sale transactions. Any debt financing or additional equity that we raise may contain terms that are not favorable to us or our stockholders. If we raise additional funds through government or private grants, collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may be required to relinquish valuable rights to our future revenue streams, product candidates or research programs or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, reduce or terminate some or all of our development programs and clinical trials. We may also be required to sell or license to others rights to our product candidates in certain territories or indications that we would prefer to retain for ourselves. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” for additional risks associated with our substantial capital requirements.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for each of the periods presented below (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | ||||
| | March 31, | ||||
|
| 2025 |
| 2024 | ||
Net cash (used in) provided by: |
| |
|
| |
|
Operating activities | | $ | (12,994) | | $ | (12,606) |
Investing activities | |
| 7,094 | |
| 17,881 |
Financing activities | |
| — | |
| 1 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | (5,900) | | $ | 5,276 |
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, which was primarily the result of our net loss of $11.0 million, and $3.9 million used by net changes in operating assets and liabilities. partially offset by non-cash charges for depreciation of $0.7 million and stock-based compensation of $1.4 million. Net cash used in operating activities was $12.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, which was primarily the result of our net loss of $17.1 million, partially offset by non-cash charges for depreciation of $0.8 million, stock-based compensation of $1.7 million and impairment charges of $1.8 million, and $0.4 million provided by net changes in operating assets and liabilities.
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $7.1 million, which was entirely due to net proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities. Net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $17.9 million, which was due to net proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
There was no cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 representing the exercise of stock options.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Operating Leases
We are party to several non-cancelable lease agreements for office and laboratory space that expire in March 2030. The monthly base rent for these leases totals $95,705 as of March 31, 2025 per month plus our prorated share of operating expenses. The monthly base rent is subject to annual 3% increases through the lease term.
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We also have potential contingent payment obligations upon the achievement by us of clinical, regulatory, and commercial events, as applicable, or royalty payments that we may be required to make under license agreements we have entered into with various entities pursuant to which we have in-licensed intellectual property, including our license agreement with Yale. The timing and amount (if any) of any such payments cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
We enter into contracts in the normal course of business with third-party contract organizations for clinical trials, non-clinical studies and testing, manufacturing and other services and products for operating purposes. These contracts generally provide for termination following a certain period after notice, and therefore we believe that our non-cancelable obligations under these agreements are not material.There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to those disclosed in our 2024 Annual Report.
Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments and Use of Estimates
Our condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or “GAAP”. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting periods. The most significant assumptions used in the financial statements are the underlying assumptions used in valuing share-based compensation, including the fair value of our common stock in periods before our initial public offering. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies as reported in our 2024 Annual Report.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Since our inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our unaudited condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that may impact our financial position and results of operations.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), we are not required to provide the information requested by this Item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of March 31, 2025. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation
23
of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, in Notes to Condensed Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report, is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, from time to time, we are involved in litigation or other legal proceedings as part of our ordinary course of business. In the opinion of our management, the ultimate disposition of these legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business is not likely to have a material adverse effect on our business.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
There have been no material updates to the risk factors set forth in our 2024 Annual Report.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers
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Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibits filed or furnished as part of this Quarterly Report are set forth on the Exhibit Index, below.
Exhibit No. |
| Exhibit Description |
| | |
10.1+ | | |
| | |
31.1* | | |
| | |
31.2* | | |
| | |
32.1** | | |
| | |
EX-101.INS | | Inline XBRL Instance Document |
| | |
EX-101.SCH | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
| | |
EX-101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
| | |
EX-101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
| | |
EX-101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| | |
EX-101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| | |
104 | | Coverage Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
+Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
*Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| NEXTCURE, INC. | |
| ||
Date: May 1, 2025 | By: | /s/ Michael Richman |
| Name: | Michael Richman |
| President and Chief Executive Officer | |
| | |
Date: May 1, 2025 | By: | /s/ Steven P. Cobourn |
| Name: | Steven P. Cobourn |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
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EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Michael Richman, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 1, 2025 | | |
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/s/ Michael Richman | | |
Name: | Michael Richman | |
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Steven P. Cobourn, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: May 1, 2025 | | |
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/s/ Steven P. Cobourn | | |
Name: | Steven P. Cobourn | |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned each hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of his knowledge, on the date hereof:
(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
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Dated: May 1, 2025 | | |
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| /s/ Michael Richman | |
| Name: | Michael Richman |
| Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
| | |
| | |
Dated: May 1, 2025 | | |
| | |
| /s/ Steven P. Cobourn | |
| Name: | Steven P. Cobourn |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
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