BWMN 10-Q
Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. (BWMN)
10-Q
2025-11-06
For: 2025-09-30
View Original
Added on
April 06, 2026
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
_____________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_____________________________________________
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
Commission File Number: 001-40371
_____________________________________________
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
_____________________________________________
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (703 ) 464-1000
_____________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | o | x | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | o | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
As of November 1, 2025, the registrant had 17,373,129 shares of common stock outstanding.
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||||||
i
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
1
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (Unaudited) | |||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current Assets | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||||
| Contract assets | |||||||||||
Notes receivable, current portion | |||||||||||
| Notes receivable - officers, employees, affiliates, current portion | |||||||||||
| Prepaid and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Non-Current Assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
Notes receivable, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Notes receivable - officers, employees, affiliates, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Deferred tax asset, net | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Revolving credit facility | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, current portion | |||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | |||||||||||
| Notes payable, current portion | |||||||||||
| Operating lease obligation, current portion | |||||||||||
| Finance lease obligation, current portion | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Non-Current Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other non-current obligations | |||||||||||
| Notes payable, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Operating lease obligation, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Finance lease obligation, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Pension and post-retirement obligation, less current portion | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||
Preferred Stock, $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in-capital | |||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | |||||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost; | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Stock subscription notes receivable | ( | ||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total shareholders' equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Contract Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Contract costs: (exclusive of depreciation and amortization below) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct payroll costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-consultants and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total contract costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of assets, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before tax benefit | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings allocated to non-vested shares | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension and post-retirement adjustments | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision related to items of other comprehensive loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Stock Subscription Notes Receivable | Accumulated Deficit | Total Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancellation of shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under employee stock purchase plan | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection on stock subscription notes receivable | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercises of conversion feature of convertible note | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | – | – | – | – | – | ( | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under stock compensation plan | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancellation of common shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under employee stock purchase plan | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collections on stock subscription notes receivable | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercises of conversion feature of convertible note | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | – | – | – | – | – | ( | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Stock Subscription Notes Receivable | Accumulated Deficit | Total Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares in common stock offering | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancellation of shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under employee stock purchase plan | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection on stock subscription notes receivable | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercises of conversion feature of convertible note | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | – | – | – | – | – | ( | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancellation of common shares under stock compensation plan | ( | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of new common shares under employee stock purchase plan | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collections on stock subscription notes receivable | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercises of conversion feature of convertible note | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | – | – | – | – | – | ( | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock | – | – | – | ( | ( | – | – | – | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization - property, plant and equipment | |||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | |||||||||||
| Gain on sale of assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Credit losses | |||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | |||||||||||
| Deferred taxes | ( | ||||||||||
| Accretion of discounts on notes payable | |||||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition of businesses | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Contract assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | ( | ||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Fixed assets converted to lease financing | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of assets and disposal of leases | |||||||||||
| Payments received under loans to shareholders | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from notes receivable | |||||||||||
| Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Collections under stock subscription notes receivable | |||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | |||||||||||
Proceeds from common stock offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs | |||||||||||
| Borrowings (repayments) under revolving credit facility | ( | ||||||||||
| Repayments under fixed line of credit | ( | ||||||||||
| Proceeds from notes payable | |||||||||||
| Repayment under notes payable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from finance leases | |||||||||||
| Payments on finance leases | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Payment of contingent consideration from acquisitions | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Payments for purchase of treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock | |||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | ||||||||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment acquired under finance lease | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Note payable converted to common shares | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Issuance of notes payable for acquisitions | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Issuance of contingent considerations | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Settlement of contingent consideration | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
Nature of Business
Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. (along with its consolidated subsidiaries, “Bowman” or “we” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the Commonwealth of Virginia on June 5, 1995 and reincorporated in the State of Delaware on November 13, 2020. The Company’s headquarters is located in Reston, VA and the Company has over 100 offices throughout the United States and two offices in Mexico. Bowman is a professional services firm delivering innovative solutions to the marketplace of customers who own, develop and maintain the built environment. Within that arena, we provide planning, design, engineering, geospatial, survey, construction management, environmental consulting and land procurement services to markets that encompass the buildings in which people live, work and learn in; as well as the systems that provide water, electricity and other vital services, and the roads, bridges, and transportation systems used to get from place to place. We provide services to customers through fixed-price and time-and-material based contracts containing multiple milestones and independently priced deliverables. Typically, contract awards are on a negotiated basis, ranging in value from a few thousand dollars to multiple millions of dollars and can have varying durations depending on the size, scope, and complexity of the project.
The Company’s workforce typically provides the full scope of engineering and other contract services. However, with respect to certain specialty services or other compliance requirements within a particular contract, we may engage third-party sub-consultants.
Common Stock Offering
On April 1, 2024, the Company closed on an offering of common stock in which it issued and sold 1,323,530 shares at an offering price of $34.00 per share, resulting in net proceeds of $41.5 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, but before expenses of the offering.
On April 1, 2024, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional 179,412 shares of the Company’s common stock at an offering price of $34.00 per share, resulting in additional gross proceeds of approximately $6.1 million. After giving effect to this exercise of the overallotment option, the total number of shares sold by the Company in this common stock offering increased to 1,502,942 shares with total gross proceeds of approximately $51.1 million. The exercise of the over-allotment option closed on April 1, 2024, at which time the Company received net proceeds of $5.7 million after underwriting discounts and commissions, bringing the total net proceeds from the common stock offering to $47.2 million.
Deferred offering costs consist primarily of accounting, legal and other fees associated with the common stock offering, and were netted against the proceeds. No deferred offering costs were capitalized in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial information. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows. The results of operations for the current period are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year or the results for any future periods.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on March 12, 2025.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
8
2. Significant Accounting Policies
The following is a summary of the significant accounting policies and principles used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements:
Emerging Growth Company
Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) exempts emerging growth companies (“EGC”) from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-EGC but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an EGC, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company that is either not an EGC or, an EGC that has opted out of using the extended transition period, difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
As discussed in Note 1, the Company provides a variety of engineering and related professional services to customers located throughout the United States. The Company enters into agreements with customers that create enforceable rights and obligations and for which it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled as services transfer to the customer. It is customary practice for the Company to have written agreements with its customers and revenue on oral or implied arrangements is generally not recognized. The Company recognizes revenue based on the consideration specified in the applicable agreement. Excluded from the transaction price are amounts collected on behalf of third parties for sales and similar taxes.
Long-term contracts typically contain billing terms that provide for invoicing once a month and payment on a net 30 -day basis. Exceptions to monthly billing are to ensure that the Company performs satisfactorily rather than representing a significant financing component. For example, certain fixed price contracts may provide for milestone billings based upon the attainment of specific project objectives to ensure the Company meets its contractual requirements rather than having billing monthly. Additionally, contracts may include retentions or holdbacks paid at the end of a project to ensure that the Company meets the contract requirements. The Company does not assess whether a contract contains a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of promised services to the customer will be less than one year.
As a professional services engineering firm, the Company generally recognizes revenue over time as control transfers to a customer based upon the extent of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation.
For services delivered under fixed price contracts, the Company uses the ratio of actual costs incurred to total estimated costs, since costs incurred (an input method) represents a reasonable measure of progress towards the satisfaction of a performance obligation in order to estimate the portion of revenue earned. This method faithfully depicts the transfer of value to the customer when the Company is satisfying a performance obligation that entails a number of interrelated tasks or activities for a combined output that requires the Company to coordinate the work of employees and sub-consultants. Contract costs typically include direct labor, subcontract and consultant costs, materials and indirect costs related to contract performance. Changes in estimated costs to complete these obligations result in adjustments to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis, so that revised estimates are recognized in the current period. Changes in estimates can routinely occur over the contract term for a variety of reasons including, changes in scope, unanticipated costs, delays or favorable or unfavorable progress that differ from original expectations. In situations where the remaining estimated costs to perform exceed the consideration to be received, the Company accrues the entire estimated loss during the period the loss becomes known.
When a performance obligation is billed using a time-and-material type contract, the Company measures its progress to complete based upon the hours incurred for the period times contractually agreed upon billing rates plus any materials
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delivered or consumed in the project. When applicable, the Company will recognize revenue under these contracts as invoiced under the practical expedient.
In certain situations, it is possible that two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract, or a single contract should be accounted for as multiple performance obligations. This requires judgment and could impact the amount and timing of revenue recognition. Such determinations are made using management’s best estimate and knowledge of contracts and related performance obligations.
The Company’s contracts may contain variable consideration in the form of unpriced or pending change orders or claims that either increase or decrease the contract price. Variable consideration is generally estimated using the expected value method but may from time to time be estimated using the most likely amount method depending on the circumstance. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration are based upon historical experience and known trends.
The Company recognizes claims against vendors, sub-consultants, and others as a reduction in costs when the contract establishes enforceability, and the amounts of recovery are reasonably estimable and probable. Reduction in costs are recognized at the lesser of the amount management expects to recover or costs incurred.
Contract related assets and liabilities are classified as current assets and current liabilities. Significant balance sheet accounts related to the revenue cycle are as follows:
Contract Assets:
Contract Assets are recorded when progress to completion revenue earned on contracts exceeds amounts billed under the contract. It may also include contract retainages that can be billed once contract stipulations are satisfied.
Contract Liabilities:
Contract Liabilities are recorded when amounts billed under a contract exceeds the progress to completion revenue earned under the contract.
Accounts Receivable, net and Expected Credit Losses
Accounts receivable, net (contract receivables), include amounts billed in accordance with the terms of customer contracts and are stated at their net realizable value. The Company maintains an allowance for expected credit losses for the estimated portion of receivables that may not be collected. Expected credit losses are determined based on management’s assessment of the collectability of specific accounts, taking into consideration factors such as customer type, creditworthiness, and financial condition, as well as accounts receivable aging trends for billed receivables. The allowance also includes a general provision based on the Company’s historical loss experience and prevailing economic conditions.
Use of Estimates
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and accounts receivable.
Cash balances at various times during the year may exceed the amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company’s cash deposits are held in institutions whose credit ratings are monitored by management, and the Company has not incurred any losses related to such deposits.
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Variable Interest Entities
We have an economic interest in an entity that is a variable interest entity. Variable interest entities (“VIEs”) are entities in which equity investors lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. VIEs are consolidated by the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party who has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and who has an obligation to absorb losses of the entity or a right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. On April 2, 2024, the Company through a newly created, wholly owned subsidiary, acquired 100 % of the outstanding stock of Surdex Corporation ("Surdex"). The wholly owned subsidiary was then merged into Surdex, with Surdex being the surviving entity. Concurrently, Hoffman Aviation Services, Inc. ("HAS") was established and is wholly owned by the former shareholders of Surdex Corporation. HAS was established for the purpose of providing services exclusively to Surdex. The Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary; therefore, HAS has been consolidated into the Company's financial results, with all intercompany transactions eliminated during the consolidation process.
Fair Value Measurements
Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC Topic 820”) provides the framework for measuring and reporting financial assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.
The codification establishes a three-level disclosure hierarchy to indicate the level of judgment used to estimate fair value measurements:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date;
Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and inputs other than quoted prices (such as interest rate and yield curves);
Level 3: Uses inputs that are unobservable, supported by little or no market activity and reflect significant management judgment.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
•The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to the relatively short duration of these instruments;
•The carrying amounts of debt obligations approximate their fair values as the terms are comparable to terms currently offered by local financial institutions for arrangements with similar terms to industry peers with comparable credit characteristics. Accordingly, the debt obligations involve Level 3 fair value inputs;
Fair value measurements relating to our business combinations are made primarily using Level 3 inputs including discounted cash flow and to the extent applicable, Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Fair value for the identified
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intangible assets is generally estimated using inputs primarily for the income approach using the multiple period excess earnings method. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include (i) revenue projections of the business, including profitability, (ii) attrition rates and (iii) the estimated discount rate that reflects the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows. Other personal property assets, such as property, plant and equipment, are valued using the cost approach, which is based on replacement or reproduction costs of the asset less depreciation. The fair value of the contingent consideration is estimated using published treasury rates in the Wall St. Journal and discounting the present value along with other significant assumptions which include projections of revenue, and probabilities of meeting those projections, as well as Monte Carlo simulation techniques.
The following is a summary of change in contingent consideration:
| (in thousands) | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Fair value of contingent consideration issuances | |||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Settlement of contingent consideration | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
The change in fair value consideration is included in Other Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statement.
Income Taxes
The Company recognizes deferred income tax assets or liabilities for expected future tax consequences of events recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income tax assets or liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply when the differences settle or become realized. Valuation allowances are provided when it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset is not realizable or recoverable in the future. As of September 30, 2025, no valuation allowances are required, and all deferred tax assets are realizable.
The Company assesses uncertain tax positions to determine whether income tax positions will more likely than not be sustained upon examination by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing authorities. If the Company cannot reach a more-likely-than-not determination, no benefit is recorded. If the Company determines that the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained, the Company records the largest amount of benefit that is more likely than not to be realized when the tax position is settled. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. Beginning January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 eliminated the option to deduct research and development expenditures in the current year and required taxpayers to capitalize and amortize research and development costs pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 174 (Section 174). The capitalized expenses were to be amortized over a 5-year period for domestic expenses and a 15-year period for foreign expenses.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was signed into law in the U.S. The OBBBA contains a broad range of tax reform provisions affecting businesses including the allowance of immediate expensing of qualifying research and development expenses. As a result, the Company has adopted full expensing for domestic research and experimental expenses incurred in 2025. Further, the Company changed its method of accounting during the quarter ended September 30, 2025, to treat research and development expenses for tax years ended December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024, as specified research or experimental (SRE) expenses under Section 174. Accordingly, the Company decreased the uncertain tax positions and established a deferred tax liability related to capitalized and amortizable research and development (R&D) costs for tax years 2022, 2023, and 2024 of $52 million.
The Company recognizes the effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024 was (12.1 )% and 69.5 %, respectively. The change in the Company’s effective tax rate is predominantly due to certain non-recurring discrete items in addition to changes in the estimated annual effective tax rate, as discussed below.
The most prominent factors impacting the estimated annual effective tax rate computation include a decrease in the projected limitation on deductible executive compensation for 2025, a decrease in projected R&D credits generated for
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2025, and an increase in forecasted pre-tax book income for 2025 compared to a pre-tax loss for 2024. Additionally, the Company recognized a net discrete benefit of $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to a net discrete benefit of $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in net discrete benefit is predominantly the result of lower windfall tax benefits for restricted stock awards and decrease in penalties and interest recorded for uncertain tax positions for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2024. The windfall tax benefit for restricted stock awards is $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net reversal of penalties and interest on uncertain tax positions is $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. These factors as a function of pre-tax book income of $9.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to pre-tax book loss of $9.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased the rate by 23.8 % for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and increased the rate by 74.4 % for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and certain states in which it operates. Based on the timing of the filing of certain tax returns, the Company’s federal income tax returns for tax years 2021 and thereafter remain subject to examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. The statute of limitations on the Company’s state income tax returns generally conforms to the federal three-year statute of limitations.
Segments
The Company operates in one segment based upon the financial information used by its chief operating decision maker in evaluating the financial performance of its business and allocating resources. The single segment represents the Company’s core business of providing engineering and related professional services to its customers. See Note 16 Segment Information for further information on the Company's reportable segment.
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance
Accounting guidance recently adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disaggregated information about an entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and should be applied prospectively. Retrospective application is permitted. ASU 2023-09 will be reflected in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the 2025 fiscal year.
Accounting guidance not yet adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”), which requires disclosure about the types of costs and expenses included in certain expense captions presented on the income statement. The new disclosure requirements are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this pronouncement on our related disclosures.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Accounting for and Disclosure of Software Costs. The ASU eliminates the project-stage model, introduces a “probable-to-complete” capitalization threshold, and requires property, plant, and equipment-style disclosures for capitalized software. The new disclosure requirements are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this pronouncement on our related disclosures.
3. Earnings (Loss) Per Share and Certain Related Information
Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to the Company available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended
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September 30, 2025 and 2024. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were either exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would share in the earnings (loss) of the Company. The dilutive effect of options is reflected in diluted earnings (loss) per share by application of the treasury stock method. The dilutive effect of shares to be purchased under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is reflected in diluted earnings (loss) per share by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding that would have been outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of convertible debt is reflected in diluted earnings (loss) per share by application of the if-converted method. The Company uses the two-class method to determine earnings (loss) per share.
For calculating basic earnings per share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the weighted average number of shares outstanding exclude 791,334 and 854,134 non-vested restricted shares and 0 and 154 unexercised substantive options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the computation of diluted earnings per share did not include the effect of non-vested restricted shares or substantive options, as their effect was antidilutive.
For calculating basic earnings (loss) per share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the weighted average number of shares outstanding exclude 1,225,485 and 1,329,013 non-vested restricted shares and 2,291 and 3,561 unexercised substantive options. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the computation of diluted earnings per share did not include the effect of non-vested restricted shares or substantive options, as their effect was antidilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the computation of diluted loss per share did not include the effect of all potential dilutive common stock equivalents, as their impact would have been antidilutive due to the net loss for the period.
The following table represents a reconciliation of the net income (loss) and weighted average shares outstanding for the calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands, except share data):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| Numerator | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Earnings allocated to non-vested shares | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Denominator | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive nominal options | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive contingently earned shares | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Dilutive earnings (loss) per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Share Repurchases
On June 6, 2025, the board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $25 million of its common stock ("2025 Repurchase Authorization") over a 12-month period beginning on June 9, 2025. The 2025 Repurchase Authorization replaced the Company's prior share repurchase program, which was scheduled to expire on July 31, 2025. The execution of the repurchase program is expected to be consistent with the Company’s strategic initiatives which prioritize investments in organic and acquisitive growth. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by management at its discretion based on several factors including share price, market conditions and capital allocation priorities. Shares may be repurchased from time to time through open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions or by other means, including the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, in accordance with applicable securities laws and other restrictions. The share repurchase program does not obligate Bowman to acquire a specific number of shares of common stock and may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without notice.
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Previously, on August 15, 2024, the board of directors authorized a $25 million share repurchase program ("2024 Repurchase Authorization"), which was subsequently increased to $35 million on November 29, 2024. The 2024 Repurchase Authorization was scheduled to expire on July 31, 2025, but was terminated on June 6, 2025, upon approval of the 2025 Repurchase Authorization.
Under the 2024 Repurchase Authorization, the Company repurchased 1,368,576 shares of common stock at an average price of $23.97 per share. As of September 30, 2025, no repurchases have been made under the 2025 Repurchase Authorization, and the full $25 million remains available.
4. Acquisitions
Business Combinations
2025 Acquisitions
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company completed three acquisitions in diverse geographic regions and service lines. The Company paid total consideration of $6.6 million, which was comprised of cash, promissory note, convertible note and assumed liabilities. No cash was acquired with these acquisitions. The promissory notes have a 5.00 % interest rate, with equal quarterly payments beginning in May 2025 and ending in July 2028. One of the purchase agreements includes a contingent consideration provision that affords the seller the opportunity to earn up to $2.8 million in additional consideration payable in the form of cash, a promissory note and a convertible note, based on the achievement of certain financial performance thresholds.
The purchase price allocation consists primarily of Goodwill and is based upon preliminary information that is subject to change when additional information is obtained.
2024 Acquisitions
Surdex Corporation
On April 2, 2024, the Company entered into a merger agreement with Surdex Corporation (“Surdex”), a St. Louis-based geospatial and engineering services firm providing low, medium and high-altitude digital orthoimagery, advanced high-resolution LiDAR, intelligent digital mapping, 3D hydrography, and disaster mapping. The Company paid total consideration of $43.3 million, which was comprised of cash, promissory note, common stock and assumed liabilities. The shares are subject to a six-month lock up. The promissory note bears a simple interest rate fixed at 6.50 %, and is payable in equal quarterly payments of principal and interest beginning July 2024 and ending July 2027. The merger agreement contains a contingent consideration feature which affords the sellers the opportunity to earn additional consideration in the form of the Company's common stock, depending on the average trading price of the Company's common stock for the 90 trading days post-acquisition. For tax purposes, the Surdex transaction is considered a tax-free merger, in which the assets have been recorded at their respective carrying values. As a result, there is no corresponding tax goodwill, and therefore no tax goodwill to be amortized or otherwise deductible.
The following summarizes the calculations of the fair values of Surdex assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in thousands):
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| (in thousands) | Surdex | ||||
| Assets: | |||||
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | ||||
| Contract assets | |||||
| Prepaid and other current assets | |||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | |||||
| Goodwill | |||||
| Other intangible assets | |||||
| Total assets acquired: | $ | ||||
| Liabilities: | |||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, current portion | $ | ||||
| Contract liabilities | |||||
| Other non-current obligations | |||||
| Operating lease obligation, less current portion | |||||
| Deferred tax liability | |||||
| Total liabilities assumed: | $ | ||||
| Net assets acquired: | $ | ||||
| Cash flow reconciling items: | |||||
| Issuance of common stock as partial consideration | $ | ( | |||
| Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired | $ | ||||
The amounts in the tables above represent the final purchase allocation for the Surdex acquisition. The purchase price allocation has been completed and the amounts identified above are deemed final.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the results of operations since the date Surdex was acquired. The following table presents the results of operations of Surdex since the date of acquisition for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended | For the Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||
Gross Contract Revenue1 | $ | $ | |||||||||
Pre-tax Net Income2 | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
1 Gross contract revenue includes adjustments as required by ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers based on opening balance sheet provided by the acquired companies. There is no assurance these adjustments will be consistent in future periods. Opening balance sheet balances are subject to adjustment prior to being finalized.
2 Pre-tax Net Income excludes corporate overhead allocation.
The following table presents the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, assuming that the Surdex acquisition, discussed above, occurred on January 1, 2024. The pro forma information provided below is compiled from pre-acquisition information and includes pro forma adjustments for amortization and depreciation. The unaudited pro forma results are presented for informational purposes only and are not meant to represent actual operating results that would have been achieved had the related events occurred on such date (in thousands):
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For the Three Months Ended | For the Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Contract Revenue3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Pre-tax Net Income (Loss) | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||
3Gross contract revenue in these pro forma financials does not conform to GAAP as required by ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as it is impracticable to obtain the historical information necessary to apply this accounting standard. The historical estimates required to be able to accurately determine the percent complete accounting on the contracts that comprise the revenue is not available for the required periods.
Other 2024 Acquisitions
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company completed seven additional acquisitions in diverse geographic regions and service lines. The Company paid total consideration of $36.2 million through combinations of cash, promissory notes, shares of common stock and assumed liabilities. No cash was acquired with these acquisitions. Shares of common stock issued in connection with the acquisitions are subject to a six-month lock-up. Promissory notes bear a simple interest rate ranging from 5.00 % to 6.75 % and are payable in quarterly payments of principal and interest beginning May 2024 and ending in November 2028. For tax purposes, depending on the transaction, the acquisitions were treated either as an asset acquisition, in which case the assets have been stepped up and recorded at their respective fair values, or a tax-free merger, in which case the assets have been recorded at their respective carrying values. Goodwill results from an assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future synergies from combining operations. For asset acquisitions, all the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. For three of the acquisitions, the purchase agreement includes a contingent consideration feature, which affords the sellers the opportunity to earn additional consideration in the form of the Company's common stock, cash and non-negotiable promissory notes, based on certain financial performance thresholds. The final settlement amount will depend on ongoing operations of the acquired company. The payout amounts range between $0 and $1.0 million and for the nine months ended September 30,
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2025, the Company paid $1.4 million in cash as settlement of contingent consideration. See Note 2 Fair Value Measurements for additional information regarding the fair value of contingent consideration.
The following summarizes the preliminary calculations of the fair values of the other 2024 acquisition assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in thousands):
| (in thousands) | 2024 | ||||
| Assets: | |||||
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | ||||
| Contract assets | |||||
| Prepaid and other current assets | |||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | |||||
| Goodwill | |||||
| Other intangible assets | |||||
Other assets | |||||
| Total assets acquired: | $ | ||||
| Liabilities: | |||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, current portion | $ | ||||
| Contract liabilities | |||||
| Other non-current obligations | |||||
| Operating lease obligation, less current portion | |||||
| Deferred tax liability | |||||
| Total liabilities assumed: | $ | ||||
| Net assets acquired: | $ | ||||
| Cash flow reconciling items: | |||||
| Issuance of common stock as partial consideration | $ | ( | |||
| Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired | $ | ||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded measurement period adjustments of $0.1 million decrease to accounts receivable, net, and $0.1 million decrease in other non-current obligations. If the change in provisional amounts had been recorded at the acquisition date, it would not have resulted in a change in operating income in the prior periods.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the results of operations from any business acquired from their respective dates of acquisitions (excluding Surdex). The following table presents the results of operations of the other companies acquired during 2024 (excluding Surdex) from their respective dates of acquisition for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended | For the Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||
Gross Contract Revenue1 | $ | $ | |||||||||
Pre-tax Net Income2 | $ | $ | |||||||||
1 Gross contract revenue includes adjustments as required by ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers based on opening balance sheet provided by the acquired companies. There is no assurance these adjustments will be consistent in future periods. Opening balance sheet balances are subject to adjustment prior to being finalized.
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The following table presents the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, assuming that the companies acquired in 2024 (excluding Surdex), discussed above, occurred on January 1, 2024. The pro forma information provided below is compiled from pre-acquisition information and includes pro forma adjustments for amortization and depreciation. The unaudited pro forma results are presented for informational purposes only and are not meant to represent actual operating results that would have been achieved had the related events occurred on such date (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended | For the Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Contract Revenue3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Pre-tax Net Income (Loss) | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||
3Gross contract revenue in these pro forma financials does not conform to GAAP as required by ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as it is impracticable to obtain the historical information necessary to apply this accounting standard. The historical estimates required to be able to accurately determine the percent complete accounting on the contracts that comprise the revenue is not available for the required periods.
In connection with all of the 2024 acquisitions, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.3 million of acquisition related expenses within Other Income and Expenses in the condensed consolidated statement of income for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, including legal fees, consulting fees, and other miscellaneous expenses associated with acquisitions.
The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation at fair value for identifiable intangible assets acquired in 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
| 2025 | Weighted-Average Life | 2024 | Weighted-Average Life | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract rights | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorable leaseholds | n/a | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
5. Disaggregation of Revenue and Contract Balances
The Company disaggregates revenues by contract type, see Revenue Recognition in Note 2 for further details. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company derived 91.1 % and 91.2 % of its revenue from contracts classified as lump sum, and 8.9 % and 8.8 % of its revenue from time and material contracts, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company derived 91.4 % and 90.4 % of its revenue from contracts classified as lump sum, and 8.6 % and 9.6 % of its revenue from time and material contracts, respectively.
The Company had approximately $334.0 million in remaining performance obligations as of September 30, 2025 of which it expects to recognize approximately 89.1 % within the next twelve months and the remaining 10.9 % in the next to twenty-four months .
Disaggregated revenues by contract type were as follows (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed fee | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time-and-materials | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross contract revenue | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Company recognized $0.3 million and $4.5 million of revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, which was included in the contract liabilities balance as of December 31, 2024, and $0.3 million and $3.4 million of revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, which were included in the contract liabilities balance as of December 31, 2023.
6. Contracts in Progress
The following table reflects the calculation of the net balance of contract assets and contract liabilities. Costs and estimated earnings on contracts in progress consist of the following (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts | $ | $ | |||||||||
Estimated contract earnings in excess of costs incurred | |||||||||||
| Estimated contract earnings to date | |||||||||||
| Less: billed to date | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net contract assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
7. Notes Receivable
The Company has unsecured notes receivable from related parties, certain non-executive officers of the Company and an unrelated third party. The following is a summary of these notes receivable (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
Officers, employees and affiliated entities - Interest accrues annually at rates ranging from | $ | $ | |||||||||
Unrelated third party - Currently | |||||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||
| Less: current portion | |||||||||||
| Officers, employees and affiliates | ( | ( | |||||||||
Unrelated third party | ( | ||||||||||
| Non-current portion | $ | $ | |||||||||
1Note issued prior to the Company's initial public offering.
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8. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment for fixed assets are as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Computer equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Survey equipment | |||||||||||
| Vehicles | |||||||||||
| Furniture and fixtures | |||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | |||||||||||
| Software | |||||||||||
Camera equipment | |||||||||||
| Aircraft | |||||||||||
| Aircraft engine & GPS | |||||||||||
Fixed assets pending lease financing 1 | |||||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net of finance leased assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
1Assets acquired which will be re-financed under the Company's finance lease facilities
Depreciation expense for fixed assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $0.9 million and $2.7 million, respectively. Depreciation expense for fixed assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
Property and equipment for finance leased assets are as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Vehicles | |||||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization on leased assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
Finance leased assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Amortization expense for finance leased assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $3.7 million and $9.8 million, respectively. Amortization expense for finance leased assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $2.7 million and $7.0 million, respectively.
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9. Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows (in thousands):
| Goodwill | |||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | ||||
| 2025 Acquisitions - additions | |||||
| 2024 Acquisitions - adjustments | ( | ||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||
There were no impairments of goodwill during the periods presented.
10. Intangible Assets
Total intangible assets consisted of the following at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Balance | Gross Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract rights | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leasehold | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain name | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing rights | – | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes the weighted average useful lives (in years) of intangible assets by asset class used for straight-line amortization expense purposes:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Customer relationships | |||||||||||
| Contract rights | |||||||||||
| Leasehold | |||||||||||
Amortization expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $2.4 million and $7.5 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $3.7 million and $10.8 million respectively.
Future amortization for the remainder of 2025 and for the succeeding years for intangible assets with definite useful lives is as follows (in thousands):
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
11. Revolving Credit Facility
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On March 12, 2025, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries acting as guarantors, entered into a First Amendment to the Credit Agreement (defined below) which increased the maximum principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $100.0 million to $140.0 million. There were no other changes to the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility. The Credit Agreement was further amended on October 30, 2025. See Note 17 "Subsequent Events."
On May 2, 2024, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a new credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with lenders, Bank of America N.A., as Administrative Agent, the Swingline Lender and L/C Issuer, and TD Bank, N.A. as syndication agent for a new $100 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Revolving Credit Facility replaced the Company’s previous $70 million revolving credit facility, and its non-revolving fixed line of credit ("Fixed Line #2") with Bank of America, N.A. In connection with the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a Security and Pledge Agreement dated May 2, 2024 with Bank of America, N.A., in its capacity as Administrative Agent. Under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company is required to comply with certain covenants, including covenants on indebtedness, investments, liens and restricted payments, as well as maintain certain financial covenants, including a fixed charge coverage ratio and leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). The Company recorded $0.3 million of deferred financing costs which will be amortized over the term outlined in the Revolving Credit Facility.
On September 30, 2025, the interest rates on the Revolving Credit Facility ranged from 6.50 % to 8.45 %. All outstanding principal on the Revolving Credit Facility is due on May 2, 2029. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the outstanding balance on the Revolving Credit Facility was $57.0 million and $37.0 million, respectively.
The Company secures its obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility with substantially all assets of the Company. Obligations of the Company to certain other shareholders of the Company are subordinated to the Company’s obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company must maintain, on a combined basis, certain financial covenants defined in the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company was in compliance with covenants as of September 30, 2025.
Interest expense on the credit facilities totaled $1.0 million and $2.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Interest expense on the credit facilities totaled $0.6 million and $2.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
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12. Notes Payable
Notes payable consist of the following (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Related parties: | |||||||||||
1Shareholders and Owners of Acquired Entities - Interest accrues at rates ranging from | |||||||||||
Convertible Notes Payable - Interest accrues at rates ranging from | |||||||||||
| Unrelated third parties: | |||||||||||
| Note payable for purchase of tangible asset | |||||||||||
| Note payable for purchase of intangible asset | |||||||||||
| Discounts on notes payable issued as consideration in acquisitions: | |||||||||||
1Shareholders and Owners of acquired entities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other | ( | ||||||||||
| Total | |||||||||||
| Less: current portion | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Non-current portion | $ | $ | |||||||||
1Includes notes payable to all owners irrespective of current relationship with the Company
Interest expense attributable to the notes payable totaled $0.7 million and $2.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Interest expense attributable to the notes payable totaled $0.8 million and $2.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
Future principal payments on notes payable for remainder of 2025 and succeeding years are as follows (in thousands):
| 2025 | $ | ||||
| 2026 | |||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
Convertible Notes Payable
The Company issued unsubordinated convertible notes as partial consideration for multiple acquisitions (See Note 4 Acquisitions). The convertible notes are convertible into shares of common stock at the option of the holders, at any time, at a predetermined conversion price. Subject to conversion, the convertible notes are payable through quarterly installments of principal, interest or both from October 2022 through November 2028. At any time, upon (10) business days’ notice to the Company, the holders may request that a prepayment of the principal or all or part of a regularly scheduled quarterly payment of the principal be made in the form of common stock of the Company, with the number of shares of common
24
stock equal to the amount of the requested prepayment divided by the stock conversion price. If the request is made with respect to a regularly scheduled quarterly payment of principal, then the accrued interest shall be paid in cash.
As of September 30, 2025, the holders of the Project Design Consultants, LLC convertible note had converted a total of $3.8 million of principal into 271,014 shares of common stock at $14.00 per share. The remaining balance of the note, consisting of $0.2 million in principal, was settled in cash along with all the accrued interest, resulting in the full repayment of the note with no remaining obligations.
The holders of the H2H Geoscience Engineering, PLLC convertible note had converted a total of $1.2 million of principal into 67,708 shares of common stock at $18.00 per share, resulting in full settlement of the note.
No additional elections or conversions had been made as of September 30, 2025.
The following table summarizes the convertible notes as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands, except conversion price):
| Convertible Notes: | Date Issued | Principal Amount | Interest Rate | Conversion Price | Remaining Balance1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Project Design Consultants, LLC | 07/22 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Anchor Consultants, LLC | 08/22 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H2H Geoscience Engineering, PLLC | 12/22 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exeltech Consulting, Inc. | 11/24 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UP Engineering, LLC | 02/25 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| e3i Engineers, INC | 07/25 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Includes discounts, and reflects the net remaining balance on convertible notes.
13. Related Party Transactions
Bowman Lansdowne Development, LLC (“BLD”) is an entity in which Mr. Bowman has an ownership interest. On each of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s notes receivable included $0.5
Lansdowne Development Group, LLC (“LDG”) is an entity in which BLD has a minority ownership interest. On September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our notes receivable included $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively from LDG, with a maturity date of December 31, 2027. Mr. Bowman has executed a Guaranty of Collection for the amount of the current unpaid principal balance.
Bowman Realty Investments 2010, LLC (“BR10”) is an entity in which Mr. Bowman has an ownership interest. On September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s notes receivable included $0.2
Alwington Farm Developers, LLC (“AFD”) is an entity in which BR10 has a minority ownership interest. The notes receivable, with a maturity date of February 15, 2026, was paid in full as of September 30, 2025. The balance at December 31, 2024 was $1.2 million.
MREC Shenandoah VA, LLC (“MREC Shenandoah”) is an entity in which Lake Frederick Holdings, LLC (“Lake Frederick Holdings”) owns a 92 % interest and Shenandoah Station Partners LLC, an entity owned in part by BLD and in part by Bowman Realty Investments 2013 LLC "Bowman Realty" (BR13), owns an 8 % interest. Mr. Bowman owns a 100 % interest in, and is the manager of, Lake Frederick Holdings. Mr. Bowman is the sole member of Bowman Realty 2013 (BR13). Since 2020, the Company has provided engineering services to MREC Shenandoah in exchange for cash payments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company invoiced $0.2 million, and received payments
25
of $0.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company invoiced $0.2 million, and received payments of $0.1 million.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company provided administrative, accounting and project management services to certain of the related party entities. The cost of these services was $0.2 million and $48,000 , respectively. These entities were billed $0.2 million and $48,000 , respectively.
In August 2022, the Company agreed to reimburse Mr. Bowman at a fixed hourly rate for the business use of an aircraft owned by Sunrise Asset Management, a company owned 100 % by Mr. Bowman. Costs incurred for aircraft services as of September 30, 2025 and 2024, was $23,000 and $0.3 million, respectively.
14. Employee Stock Purchase and Stock Incentive Plans
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Effective April 30, 2021, the Company established the Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Under the ESPP, eligible employees who elect to participate are granted the right to purchase shares of common stock at a 15 % discount of the weighted average selling price of the Company stock for the 30 days prior to the last day of the offering period.
The following table summarizes the stock issuance activity under the ESPP for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 (in thousands, except share data):
| September 30, 2025 | |||||
| Total purchase price paid by employees for shares sold | $ | ||||
| Number of shares sold | |||||
Stock Options
Effective May 11, 2021 the Company established the Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (“the Plan”). The plan is administered by the board of directors (the “Board”), who on its own action or through its designee may make grants of restricted stock options, including Incentive Stock Options (“ISO”), and non-qualified stock options (“NQSO”). The purpose of the Plan is to grant equity incentive awards to eligible participants to attract, motivate and retain key personnel. The Plan supersedes and replaces any prior plan for stock options except that the prior plan shall remain in effect with respect to options granted under such prior plan until such options have been exercised, expired or canceled.
The number of shares for which each option shall be granted, whether the option is an ISO or NQSO, the option price, the exercisability of the option, and all other terms and conditions of the option are determined by the Board at the time the option is granted. The options generally vest over a period between and five years . A summary status of substantive stock options exercised are discussed in Note 3 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share and Certain Related Information.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, no new options were granted and no shares were outstanding.
As of September 30, 2025, there is no unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Stock Option Plan. The remaining unexercised shares are from substantive options in which the non-recourse notes may be pre-paid, therefore the Company recognized the total calculated compensation expense at the time of issuance.
Stock Bonus Plan
Effective May 11, 2021, the Company established the Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (“the Plan”). The Plan is administered by the Board through which they can issue restricted stock awards. As of September 30, 2025, 5,752,375 shares of common stock are authorized and reserved for issuance under the Plan. This reserve automatically increases on each January 1, for the duration of the Plan, in an amount equal to 5 % of the total
26
number of shares outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year. The Plan supersedes and replaces any prior plan for stock bonus grants to employees of the Company except that the prior plan shall remain in effect with respect to awards granted under such prior plan until such awards have been forfeited or fully vested.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Board granted 275,053 shares of restricted stock under the Plan. The shares have a vesting period of up to five years during which there are certain restrictions as defined by the Plan and Stock Bonus Agreements. The grant date fair value of the award is the closing price of the shares on such date, or if there are no sales on such date, on the next preceding day on which there were sales.
Effective April 2003, the Company adopted the Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. Stock Bonus Plan (“the Stock Bonus Plan”), which allowed for the awarding of restricted stock to employees. The Stock Bonus Plan was superseded by the Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan except that the Stock Bonus Plan shall remain in effect with respect to awards granted under it until such awards have been forfeited or fully vested.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, no new restricted stock awards were granted under the Stock Bonus Plan.
The following table summarizes the activity of restricted shares subject to forfeiture:
Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Price | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ||||||||||
| Cancelled | ( | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
On November 10, 2021 the Company’s Board adopted the 2021 Executive Officers Long Term Incentive Plan (the “Officers LTIP”). The Officers LTIP is established under the Plan and is subject to the terms and conditions thereof. The purpose of this plan is to attract, retain and motivate key officers and employees through the grant of equity-based awards that reward Company performance over a period greater than one year and align their interests with long-term stockholder value.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the compensation committee approved the grants of 116,669 performance-based stock units to certain executive officers of the Company under the Officers LTIP. The performance based restricted stock units are subject to a market condition, with vesting periods ranging from 2.91 years to 4.00 years. The number of units earned is based on total shareholder return (“TSR”) of the Company’s common stock relative to the TSR of the components of a custom peer group during the performance period ranging from February 9, 2025 to June 30, 2028. The performance stock units are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation with model inputs of opening average share value, valuation date stock price, expected volatilities, correlation coefficient, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividend yield for the Company and the custom peer group.
The following table summarizes the activity of performance stock units subject to forfeiture:
Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Price | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ||||||||||
| Cancelled | ( | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at September 30, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||
The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.
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As of September 30, 2025, the Company had 1,384,914 shares underlying unvested stock awards that vest between October 1, 2025 and December 31, 2028 .
The future expense of the unvested awards for the remainder of 2025 and succeeding years is as follows (in thousands):
| 2025 | $ | ||||
| 2026 | |||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
15. Leases
We lease certain office space, equipment and vehicles. These leases are either non-cancelable, cancellable only by the payment of penalties or cancellable upon notice provided. All lease payments are based on the lapse of time and certain leases are subject to annual escalations for increases in base rents. The Company's lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised.
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and lease liability for its operating leases at the commencement date equal to the present value of the contractual minimum lease payments over the lease term. The present value is calculated using the rate implicit in the lease, if known, or the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The discount rate used for operating leases is primarily determined based on an analysis of the Company's borrowing rate, while the discount rate used for finance leases is primarily determined by the rate specified in the lease.
Operating and Finance Leases
The Company's operating leases primarily include material leases of buildings (consisting primarily of office lease commitments) and equipment. These leases are classified as operating leases and are recognized as right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company's finance leases primarily include equipment and vehicles in certain contracts with payment terms on the lease agreements that range between 30 and 50 months.
The following tables present our balance sheet information related to leases:
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| As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Amounts in thousands) | Balance Sheet Classification | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease assets | Operating lease, right-of-use assets | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Finance lease assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total lease assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Current: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | Operating lease obligation, current portion | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Finance lease liabilities | Finance lease obligation, current portion | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Total current lease liabilities | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-current: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | Operating lease obligation, less current portion | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Finance lease liabilities | Finance lease obligation, less current portion | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Total non-current lease liabilities | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
The following tables present selected financial information:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Amounts in thousands) | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Finance lease cost: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on lease liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sublease income | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total lease cost | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
| (Amounts in thousands) | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | |||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities | |||||||||||
Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | |||||||||||
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating leases | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance leases | |||||||||||
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| As of | As of | ||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (in years): | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | |||||||||||
| Finance leases | |||||||||||
| Weighted average discount rates: | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | |||||||||
| Finance leases | % | % | |||||||||
Future minimum commitments under leases for the remainder of 2025 and succeeding years are as follows (in thousands):
| (Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Operating Lease | Finance Lease | ||||||||||
| 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||
| 2029 | |||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||
| Total lease payments | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: Amounts representing interest | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
The above table is exclusive of $0.1 million sub-lease income associated with the $50.1 million total liability of operating leases as presented on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The above table is exclusive of the $7.6 million purchase price associated with the $34.7 million total liability of finance leases as presented on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
16. Segment
The Company operates as a single business segment represented by our core business of providing multi-disciplinary professional engineering solutions to customers. The Company primarily derives its revenue from its core business of providing engineering and related professional services to customers. While we evaluate revenue and other key performance indicators relating to various divisions of labor, our leadership neither manages the business nor deliberately allocates resources by service line, geography, or end market. The Company derives the majority of its revenue from domestic customers, and has no significant long-lived assets located outside the United States. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue during the period.
The Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) assesses performance for the Company and decides how to allocate resources based on significant expense categories that contribute to net income (loss), as outlined below. The CODM uses these varying results to prioritize the reinvestment of profits within the Company. These results are also used in assessing the Company’s performance and determining management’s compensation. The CODM does not review assets in evaluating the results of the Company, and therefore, such information is not presented.
The following tables provides the operating financial results of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
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| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross contract revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Labor and fringe | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General & administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incentives | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
1Other segment items included in net income (loss) consists primarily of sub-consultants and other direct expenses.
17. Subsequent Events
Subsequent to September 30, 2025, the Company completed three acquisitions, and paid total consideration of $7.4 million, subject to adjustments, through a combination of cash, promissory note, shares of common stock, and assumed liabilities. No cash was acquired with these acquisitions. Promissory notes bear a simple interest rate of 5.00 % with payments of principal and interest beginning January 2026 and ending in October 2028. The purchase agreement includes a contingent consideration provision that affords the sellers the opportunity to earn up to $1.8 million in additional consideration payable in the form of a promissory note and shares of common stock, based on the achievement of certain financial performance thresholds.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains “forward-looking statements” reflecting our current expectations, estimates and assumptions concerning events and financial trends that may affect our future operating results or financial position. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to several factors. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, economic and competitive conditions, regulatory changes, and other uncertainties, as well as those factors discussed in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Annual Report on Form 10-K”) filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission on March 12, 2025 (the “Annual Report on Form 10-K”) and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in “Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements,” all of which are difficult to predict. Considering these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements, except to the extent required by applicable laws or rules. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Bowman,” the “company,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Bowman Consulting Group Ltd., its wholly owned subsidiaries and combined entities under common control, or either or all of them as the context may require.
Overview
Bowman is a professional services firm delivering innovative engineering, technology and program management services to customers who own, develop and maintain the built environment. We provide planning, engineering, construction management, commissioning, environmental consulting, geospatial imaging, surveying, land procurement and other technical services to customers operating in a diverse set of end markets. We work as both a prime and sub-consultant for a broad base of public and private sector customers that generally operate in highly regulated environments.
We have a diversified business that is not dependent on any one customer service line, geographic region, or end market. We are deliberate in our efforts to balance our sources of revenue and avoid reliance on any one significant customer, service line, geography or end market concentration. Our strategic focus is on penetrating and expanding our presence in markets which best afford us opportunities to secure assignments that provide reoccurring revenue and multi-year engagements thus resulting in dependable and predictable revenue streams and high employee utilization. We limit our exposure to risk by providing professional and related services exclusively. We do not engage in general contracting activities either directly, or through joint ventures, and therefore have no related exposure. We are not a partner in any design-build construction projects. We carry no heavy equipment inventory, and our risk of contract loss is generally limited to time associated with fixed fee professional services assignments.
Gross contract revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $126.0 million and $113.9 million, respectively, representing year over year growth of 10.6%. Gross contract revenue derived from our workforce represented 89.0% of gross contract revenue for each of the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively (see Net service billing – non-GAAP below). Our net income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $6.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $18.3 million on net income of $6.6 million and $17.0 million on net income of $0.8 million, respectively. (see Adjusted EBITDA – non-GAAP below).
Gross contract revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $361.1 million and $313.3 million, respectively, representing year over year growth of 15.3%. Gross contract revenue derived from our workforce represented 88.6% and 89.7% of gross contract revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively (see Net service billing – non-GAAP below). Our net income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $10.9 million and ($2.9) million, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $53.0 million on net income of $10.9 million and $42.5 million on net loss of ($2.9) million, respectively. (see Adjusted EBITDA – non-GAAP below)
Subsequent Events
Subsequent to September 30, 2025, the Company completed three acquisitions, and paid total consideration of $7.4 million, subject to adjustments, through a combination of cash, promissory note, shares of common stock, and assumed liabilities. No cash was acquired with these acquisitions. Promissory notes bear a simple interest rate of 5.00% with payments of principal and interest beginning January 2026 and ending in October 2028. The purchase agreement includes a contingent consideration provision that affords the sellers the opportunity to earn up to $1.8 million in additional
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consideration payable in the form of a promissory note and shares of common stock, based on the achievement of certain financial performance thresholds.
Methods of Evaluation
We use a variety of financial and other information in monitoring the financial condition and operating performance of our business. Some of the information we use to evaluate our operations is financial information that is in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), while other information may be financial in nature and either built upon GAAP results or may not be in accordance with GAAP (Non-GAAP). We use all this information together for planning and monitoring our operations, as well as determining certain management and employee compensation.
The Company operates as a single business segment represented by our core business of providing multi-disciplinary professional engineering solutions to customers. While we evaluate revenue and other key performance indicators relating to various divisions of labor, our leadership neither manages the business nor deliberately allocates resources by service line, geography, or end market. Our financial statements present results as a single operating segment.
Components of Income and Expense
Revenue
We generate revenue from services performed by our employees, pass-through fees from sub-consultants, and reimbursable contract costs. On our condensed consolidated financial statements, we report gross revenue, which represents total revenue billed to customers excluding taxes collected from customers. Gross revenue less revenue derived from pass-through sub-consultant fees, reimbursable expenses and other direct expenses represents our net service billing, or that portion of our gross revenue attributable to services performed by our employees. Our industry uses the calculation underlying net service billing to normalize peer performance assessments and provide meaningful insight into trends over time. Refer to — Other Financial Data, Non-GAAP measurements and Key Performance Indicators below for further discussion of the use of this non-GAAP financial measure.
We generally do not generate profit from the pass-through of sub-consultants and reimbursable expenses. As such, contract profitability is most heavily impacted by the mix of labor utilized to complete the tasks and the efficiency of those resources in completing the tasks. Our largest direct contract cost is consistently our labor. To grow our revenue and maximize overall profitability we carefully monitor and manage our cost of labor and the utilization thereof. Maintaining an optimal level of utilization on a balanced pool of growing labor resources represents our greatest prospect for delivering increasing profitability.
We enter into contracts that contain two types of pricing characteristics:
Lump sum contracts, also referred to as fixed fee, typically require the performance of some, or all, of the obligations under the contract for a specified amount, subject to price adjustments only if the scope of the project changes or unforeseen requirements arise. Our fixed fee contracts generally include a specific scope of work and defined deliverables. Lump sum contracts can involve both hourly and fixed fee tasks.
Hourly contracts, also referred to as time and materials, are common for professional and technical consulting assignments both short-term and multi-year in duration. Under these types of contracts, there is no predetermined maximum fee and we generally experience no risk associated with cost overruns. For hourly contracts, we negotiate billing rates and charge our customers based upon the actual hours expended toward a deliverable. These contracts may have not-to-exceed parameters requiring us to receive additional authorizations from our customer to continue working, but we likewise do not have to continue working without assurances of payment for such additional work.
Our assignments that are lump sum in nature represent approximately 58% and 59% of our gross contract revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, assignments that are lump sum in nature represented approximately 61% and 59% of our gross contract revenue, respectively. Recognizing revenue from lump sum assignments requires management estimates of both total contract value when there are contingent compensation elements of the fee arrangement and expected cost at completion. We closely monitor our progress to completion and adjust our estimates when necessary. We do not recognize revenue from work that is performed at risk with no documented customer commitment.
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Contract Costs
Contract costs consist of direct payroll costs, sub-consultant costs and other direct expenses exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
Direct payroll costs represent the portion of salaries and wages incurred in connection with the production of deliverables under customer assignments and contracts. Direct payroll costs include allocated fringe costs (i.e. health benefits, employer payroll taxes, and retirement plan contributions), paid leave and incentive compensation.
Sub-consultants and direct expenses include both sub-consultants and other outside costs associated with performance under our contracts. Sub-consultant and direct costs are generally reimbursable by our customers under the terms of our contracts.
Performance under our contracts does not involve significant machinery or other long term depreciable assets. Most of the equipment we employ involves desktop computers and other shared ordinary course IT equipment, along with various geospatial systems and scanners. We present direct costs exclusive of depreciation and amortization and as such we do not present gross profit on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Operating Expense
Operating expenses consist of selling, general and administrative costs, non-cash stock compensation, depreciation and amortization and settlements and other non-core expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses represent corporate and other general overhead expenses, salaries and wages not allocated to customer projects including management and administrative personnel costs, incentive compensation, personal leave, office lease and occupancy costs, legal, professional and accounting fees.
Non--cash stock compensation represents the expenses incurred with respect to shares and options issued by the Company, both vested and unvested, to employees as long-term incentives. This expense is based on the amortization of the grant date fair value of equity grants over the vesting period. Non-cash stock compensation cost for permanent equity is the grant date fair value of the awards, or the Black-Sholes-Merton value of stock options on the grant date, recognized ratably over the vesting periods of each award. Stock issued as consideration in connection with acquisitions where there is no service period, and no risk of forfeiture, is considered a component of the purchase price and does not run through our income statement as non-cash compensation expense. Future non-cash stock compensation expense for unvested shares is the cumulative total of the unvested portion of all issued and outstanding awards and their individual grant date fair values. Stock awards will continue to be an important part of our long-term retention and rewards philosophy.
Depreciation and amortization represent the depreciation and amortization expense of our property and general IT equipment, capital lease assets, tenant improvements and intangible assets.
(Gain) loss on sale represents gains or losses inclusive of foreign exchange and accumulated depreciation recapture resulting from the disposal of an asset upon the sale or retirement of such asset.
Other (Income) Expense
Other (income) expense consists of other non-operating and non-core expenses.
Income Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit, current and deferred, includes estimated federal, state and local tax benefit associated with our net income, as apportioned to the states in which we operate. Estimates of our tax benefit include both current and deferred tax expense along with all available tax incentives and credits.
Other Financial Data, Non-GAAP Measurements and Key Performance Indicators
Backlog
We measure the value of our undelivered gross revenue in real time to calculate our backlog and predict future revenue. Backlog includes awarded, contracted, and otherwise secured commitments along with revenue we expect to
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realize over time for predictable long-term and reoccurring assignments. We report backlog quarterly as of the end of the last day of the reporting period. We use backlog to predict revenue growth and anticipate appropriate future staffing needs. Backlog definitions and methods of calculation vary within our industry. As such, backlog is not a reliable metric on which to evaluate us relative to our peers. Backlog neither derives from, nor reconciles to, any GAAP results.
Net Service Billing
In the normal course of providing services to our customers, we routinely subcontract services and incur direct third-party contract expenses that may or may not be reimbursable and may or may not be billed to customers with mark-up. Gross revenue less revenue derived from pass-through sub-consultant fees and reimbursable expenses represents our net service billing, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, and is the portion of our gross contract revenue attributable to services performed by our employees. Because the ratio of sub-contractor and direct expense costs to gross billing varies between contracts, gross revenue is not necessarily indicative of trends in our business. As a professional services company, we believe that metrics derived from net service billings more accurately demonstrate the productivity and profitability of our workforce than do those derived from gross revenue. Our industry uses the calculation of net service billing to normalize peer performance assessments and provide meaningful insight into trends over time.
Adjusted EBITDA
We view Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, as an important indicator of normalized performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest expense, income taxes and depreciation and amortization, plus expenses associated with discontinued operations, legal settlements not related to our general course of business professional services, and other costs not in the ordinary course of business, non-cash stock-based compensation (inclusive of expenses associated with the adjustment of our liability for common shares subject to redemption), and other adjustments such as costs associated with raising equity and other forms of capital. Our peers may define Adjusted EBITDA differently.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, represents Adjusted EBITDA, as defined above, as a percentage of net service billings, as defined above.
Results of Operations
Combined results of operations
The following represents our condensed consolidated results of operations for periods indicated (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross contract revenue | $ | 126,033 | $ | 113,932 | $ | 361,054 | $ | 313,341 | |||||||||||||||
Contract costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) | 59,109 | 54,282 | 170,465 | 150,779 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expense | 61,632 | 59,217 | 175,117 | 165,974 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | 5,292 | 433 | 15,472 | (3,412) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | 2,018 | 1,572 | 5,764 | 6,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | (3,344) | (1,910) | (1,175) | (6,543) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 6,618 | $ | 771 | $ | 10,883 | $ | (2,869) | |||||||||||||||
| Net margin | 5.3 | % | 0.7 | % | 3.0 | % | (0.9) | % | |||||||||||||||
Other financial information 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net service billing | $ | 112,087 | $ | 101,363 | $ | 320,137 | $ | 281,033 | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | 18,288 | 16,970 | 52,995 | 42,511 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA margin, net | 16.3 | % | 16.7 | % | 16.6 | % | 15.1 | % | |||||||||||||||
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1Represents non-GAAP financial measures. See Other Financial Information and Non-GAAP key performance indicators below.
Three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024
Gross Contract Revenue
Gross contract revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025, increased $12.1 million or 10.6% to $126.0 million as compared to $113.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, gross contract revenue attributable to work performed by our workforce increased $10.7 million, or 10.6% to $112.1 million or 89.0% of gross contract revenue as compared to $101.4 million or 89.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 (see Net service billing – non-GAAP). Of the $12.1 million increase in gross contract revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2025, acquisitions represented $4.4 million of the increase. To evaluate the Company’s growth, revenue from acquisitions is treated as acquired for a period of four quarters post-closing, after which it is considered organic. For each measurement and comparison period, historical balances of acquired and organic revenue bases are adjusted to reflect revenue accordingly.
Changes in gross contract revenue disaggregated between our core markets were as follows (in thousands other than percentages):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Gross Contract Revenue | 2025 | %GCR | 2024 | %GCR | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Building Infrastructure1 | $ | 56,845 | 45.1 | % | $ | 52,555 | 46.1 | % | $ | 4,290 | 8.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation | 26,262 | 20.8 | % | 21,851 | 19.2 | % | 4,411 | 20.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power & Utilities1 | 27,583 | 21.9 | % | 23,660 | 20.8 | % | 3,923 | 16.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural Resources & Imaging2 | 15,343 | 12.2 | % | 15,866 | 13.9 | % | (523) | (3.3) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total: | $ | 126,033 | 100.0 | % | $ | 113,932 | 100.0 | % | $ | 12,101 | 10.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquired3 | $ | 4,403 | 3.5 | % | $ | 23,332 | 20.5 | % | $ | (18,929) | (81.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1Includes periodic reclassifications of revenue between categories from prior periods for consistency of presentation. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, $3.7 million of data center revenue was reclassified from Building Infrastructure to Power & Utilities.
2Formerly Emerging Markets which represents environmental, mining, water resources, imaging and mapping and other.
3Acquired revenue in prior periods is as previously reported; four quarters post-closing, acquired revenue is reclassified as organic for the purpose of calculating organic growth rates.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, gross contract revenue from the building infrastructure market increased $4.3 million or 8.2% as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. Building Infrastructure includes commercial, municipal and residential infrastructure. The increase in building infrastructure revenue was the result of acquisitions. Within the building infrastructure market, 41.3% of gross contract revenue was derived from residential assignments including single family, multi-family and mixed-use housing stock, 42.6% from commercial assignments including retail, hospitality and quick-serve restaurants (QSR), office and industrial, data centers and healthcare, and 16.1% from municipal assignments, including parks and schools. Within residential, 52.6% of gross contract revenue was derived from for-sale homebuilding assignments, 40.7% from residential multi-family and 6.7% from mixed use projects. While the homebuilding market shows signs of rebounding from prior year interest rate impacts, for-sale residential services represented just 9.8% of our total gross contract revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Within commercial, 45.2% of revenue was derived from office and industrial assignments, 49.4% from retail, hospitality, and quick serve restaurants, and 5.4% from healthcare. We continue to experience strong demand for our building infrastructure services and maintain a positive outlook on this market as we continue to experience strength in markets including quick serve restaurants, industrial distribution facilities, schools, and build-for-rent communities.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from transportation increased $4.4 million or 20.2% as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was attributable to new contract awards in transportation from roadways, transits, ports and harbors, program administration and others, along with acquired transportation backlog which we were able to deliver to customers. Within transportation, 65.4% of our gross contract revenue was derived from public sector roadway customers, including state and local departments of transportation ("DOTs") and tollway operators; 21.0% from private sector roadway customers; 3.8% from ports & harbors customers; 3.2% from aviation customers; and 6.6% from bus, rail, and transit customers. We expect to continue to increase our
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transportation revenue and improve the diversification of our revenue. We believe the transportation market continues to present significant opportunity for future growth and we remain committed to investing in leadership, technical expertise, business development and acquisitions for this market.
With the convergence of alternative energy, data centers, and traditional transmission infrastructure, and in light of continued growth we are projecting across these areas, we have consolidated alternative energy and data centers into the power and utilities (sometimes referred to herein as the power, utilities and energy market) of our revenue mix and have adjusted historical balances accordingly. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from power and utilities increased $3.9 million or 16.6% as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The additional increase in gross contract revenue from the power and utilities market is principally attributable to acquisitions and increased revenue associated with the expansion of a multi-year utility undergrounding assignment in Florida, along with additional increases derived from gas pipeline and electric transmission projects nationally. Within the power and utilities market, 67.0% of our gross contract revenue was derived from customers operating traditional transmission operations, 17.3% was derived from customers focused on alternative energy operations and 15.7% derived from data center customers. The power and utilities market continues to experience increasing infrastructure investment as changing weather patterns, energy transition mandates and other safety initiatives positively impact demand for the services we provide. Based on recent increases in program commitments within the gas pipeline replacement market, we believe trends in power and utilities provide meaningful opportunity for continued growth and we are committed to investing resources accordingly.
Our natural resources and imaging (formerly emerging markets) consist of mining, water resources, imaging and mapping, environmental consulting, and other natural resources services. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from natural resources and imaging markets decreased ($0.5) million or (3.3%) as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. What had previously been classified under emerging sectors grew to a scale that warranted separate market recognition. Accordingly, the emerging sector was renamed natural resources and imaging. The updated name reflects the evolved composition of this market. Gross contract revenue within our natural resources and imaging was 48.9% from imaging and mapping activities, 12.6% from mining activities where we have specialized in copper mining, 24.0% from water resources activities, and 14.5% from environmental and other natural resources consulting. Scarcities in water resources and the increasing need for water management gives us confidence that we will be able to increase revenue accordingly. With recent and future acquisitions, we expect to experience continued growth from investment in various natural resources and imaging services.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, public sector customers, defined as direct contracts with municipalities, public agencies, or governmental authorities, represented 35.6% and 32.3% of our gross contract revenue, respectively. A portion of that increase is due to the reclassification of contracts for the Pike Corporation from the private sector to the public sector. This does not include work done indirectly on public sector projects. Gross contract revenue from projects for public sector customers are included in the end market most aligned with work performed.
Contract costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Total contract costs, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, increased $4.8 million or 8.8% to $59.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $54.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, total contract costs represented 46.9% and 47.7% of total contract revenue, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 total contract costs represented 52.7% and 53.6% of revenue attributable to our workforce, respectively (see Net Service Billing).
Direct payroll costs increased $3.5 million or 8.4% to $45.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $41.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Direct payroll accounted for 76.5% of total contract costs for the three months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of 0.3% as compared to 76.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Direct labor, the component of direct payroll costs associated with the cost of labor relating to work performed on contracts increased $3.5 million or 11.2% to $34.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $31.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in direct labor is primarily due to an increase in staffing to accommodate growth. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, direct labor costs represented 27.5% and 27.4% of gross contract revenue, respectively, and represented 31.0% and 30.8% of the revenue attributable to our workforce, respectively.
Other direct payroll costs, the component of direct payroll costs associated with fringe and incentive compensation (cash and non-cash) decreased by ($0.1) million or (0.9)% to $10.5 million as compared to $10.6 million.
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Sub-consultants and other direct expenses increased $1.3 million or 10.3% to $13.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $12.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, sub-consultant and other direct expenses represented 11.0% and 11.1% of gross contract revenue, respectively.
Operating Expense
Total operating expense increased $2.4 million or 4.1% to $61.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $59.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $3.3 million or 6.4% to $55.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $51.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Indirect labor increased $2.0 million or 8.5% to $25.6 million as compared to $23.6 million due to increase in headcount along with merit increases. General overhead increased $2.1 million or 12.0% to $19.6 million as compared to $17.5 million due to increased costs associated with the overall growth of the Company.
Depreciation and amortization decreased $0.5 million or (6.8)% to $6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $7.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. This decrease is primarily due to a decrease in amortization of intangibles. The net gain on the sale of certain IT equipment and automobiles increased $0.3 million to $0.4 million of gain for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $0.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Other (Income) Expense
Other expense increased by $0.4 million to $2.0 million of expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2025, increased by $1.4 million to $3.3 million, compared to $1.9 million benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2024, see Note 2, Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2025, was (102.1)% compared to 167.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Income (Loss) Before Tax and Net Income (Loss)
Income (loss) before tax increased by $4.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, to $3.3 million of income compared to ($1.1) million of loss for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Net income increased by $5.8 million to $6.6 million of net income for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $0.8 million of net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Other financial information and Non-GAAP key performance indicators
Net service billing (non-GAAP)
Net service billing increased $10.7 million or 10.6% to $112.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $101.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Net service billing reconciles to gross contract revenue as follows (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Gross contract revenue | $ | 126,033 | $ | 113,932 | |||||||
| Less: sub-consultants and other direct expenses | 13,946 | 12,569 | |||||||||
| Net service billing | $ | 112,087 | $ | 101,363 | |||||||
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Because sub-consultants and reimbursable expenses are most often pass-through items with little or no mark-up, they generally have a dilutive effect on gross, operating, and net margins while having little accretive effect on profitability. As such, where possible, we focus our resources and business development efforts principally on increasing revenue derived from our own workforce. Management primarily focuses its internal performance metrics on net service billing.
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP)
Adjusted EBITDA increased $1.3 million or 7.8% to $18.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $17.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Adjusted EBITDA reconciles to net income as follows (in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Service Billing | $ | 112,087 | $ | 101,363 | $ | 10,724 | 10.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Net Income | $ | 6,618 | $ | 771 | $ | 5,847 | 758.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
| + interest expense | 2,242 | 1,938 | 304 | 15.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + depreciation & amortization | 6,887 | 7,395 | (508) | (6.9) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
+ income tax benefit | (3,344) | (1,910) | (1,434) | 75.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 12,403 | $ | 8,194 | $ | 4,209 | 51.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
| + non-cash stock compensation | 4,508 | 6,448 | (1,940) | (30.1) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + settlements and other non-core expenses | 1,286 | 1,954 | (668) | (34.2) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + acquisition expenses | 91 | 374 | (283) | (75.7) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 18,288 | $ | 16,970 | $ | 1,318 | 7.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA margin, net | 16.3 | % | 16.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, Adjusted EBITDA includes add backs of $4.5 million and $6.4 million, respectively, relating to non-cash stock compensation expenses from restricted stock awards.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net (non-GAAP)
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net represents Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above) as a percentage of net service billing (as defined above). For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net was 16.3% and 16.7% respectively.
Nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024
Gross Contract Revenue
Gross contract revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, increased $47.8 million or 15.3% to $361.1 million as compared to $313.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, gross contract revenue attributable to work performed by our workforce increased $39.1 million, or 13.9% to $320.1 million or 88.6% of gross contract revenue as compared to $281.0 million or 89.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (see Net service billing – non-GAAP). Of the $47.8 million increase in gross contract revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, acquisitions represented $10.1 million of the increase. To evaluate the Company’s growth, revenue from acquisitions is treated as acquired for a period of four quarters post-closing, after which it is considered organic. For each measurement and comparison period, historical balances of acquired and organic revenue bases are adjusted to reflect revenue accordingly.
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Changes in gross contract revenue disaggregated between our core end markets were as follows (in thousands other than percentages):
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Gross Contract Revenue | 2025 | %GCR | 2024 | %GCR | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Building Infrastructure1 | $ | 165,430 | 45.8 | % | $ | 155,245 | 49.5 | % | $ | 10,185 | 6.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation | 74,611 | 20.7 | % | 60,145 | 19.2 | % | 14,466 | 24.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power & Utilities1 | 79,736 | 22.1 | % | 66,693 | 21.3 | % | 13,043 | 19.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural Resources & Imaging2 | 41,277 | 11.4 | % | 31,258 | 10.0 | % | 10,019 | 32.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total: | $ | 361,054 | 100.0 | % | $ | 313,341 | 100.0 | % | $ | 47,713 | 15.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquired3 | 10,107 | 2.8 | % | 49,767 | 15.9 | % | (39,660) | (79.7) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Includes periodic reclassifications of revenue between categories from prior periods for consistency of presentation. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $10.5 million of data center revenue was reclassified from Building Infrastructure to Power & Utilities.
2Formerly Emerging Markets which represents environmental, mining, water resources, imaging and mapping and other.
3Acquired revenue in prior periods is as previously reported; four quarters post-closing, acquired revenue is reclassified as organic for the purpose of calculating organic growth rates.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, gross contract revenue from our building infrastructure market increased $10.2 million or 6.6% as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Building infrastructure includes commercial, municipal and residential infrastructure. The increase in building infrastructure revenue is the result of acquisitions. Within the building infrastructure market, 40.1% of gross contract revenue was derived from residential assignments including single family, multi-family and mixed-use housing stock, 42.6% from commercial assignments including retail, hospitality and quick-serve restaurants (QSR), office and industrial, data centers and healthcare, and 17.3% from municipal assignments including, parks and schools. Within residential, 50.1% of gross contract revenue was derived from for-sale homebuilding assignments, 43.0% from residential multi-family and 6.9% from mixed use projects. While the homebuilding market shows signs of rebounding from prior year interest rate impacts, for-sale residential services represented just 9.2% of our total gross contract revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Within commercial, 45.2% of revenue was derived from office and industrial assignments, 49.9% from retail, hospitality, and quick serve restaurants, and 4.9% from healthcare. We continue to experience strong demand for our building infrastructure services and maintain a positive outlook on this market as we continue to experience strength in markets including quick serve restaurants, industrial distribution facilities, schools, and build-for-rent communities.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from transportation increased $14.5 million or 24.1% as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was attributable to new contract awards in transportation from roadways, transits, ports and harbors, program administration and others, along with acquired transportation backlog which we were able to deliver to customers. Within transportation, 62.9% of our gross contract revenue was derived from public sector roadway customers, including state and local departments of transportation ("DOTs") and tollway operators; 25.4% from private sector roadway customers; 2.7% from ports & harbors customers; 2.6% from aviation customers; and 6.4% from bus, rail, and transit customers. We expect to continue to increase our transportation revenue and improve the diversification of our revenue. We believe the transportation market continues to present significant opportunity for future growth and we remain committed to investing in leadership, technical expertise, business development and acquisitions for this market.
With the convergence of alternative energy, data centers, and traditional transmission infrastructure, and in light of continued growth we are projecting across these areas, we have consolidated alternative energy and data centers into the power and utilities (sometimes referred to herein as the power, utilities and energy market) of our revenue mix and have adjusted historical balances accordingly. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from power and utilities increased $13.0 million or 19.6% as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The additional increase in gross contract revenue from the power and utilities market is principally attributable to acquisitions and increased revenue associated with the expansion of a multi-year utility undergrounding assignment in Florida, and to increases derived from gas pipeline and electric transmission projects nationally. Within the power and utilities market, 63.4% of our gross contract revenue was derived from customers operating traditional transmission operations, 20.9% was derived from customers focused on alternative energy operations, with the remaining 15.7% derived from data center customers. The
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power and utilities market continues to experience increasing infrastructure investment as changing weather patterns, energy transition mandates and other safety initiatives positively impact demand for the services we provide. Based on recent increases in program commitments within the gas pipeline replacement market, we believe trends in power and utilities provide meaningful opportunity for continued growth and we are committed to investing resources accordingly.
Our natural resources and imaging (formerly emerging markets) consist of mining, water resources, imaging and mapping, environmental consulting, and other natural resources services. Adjusted for the change, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from natural resources and imaging markets increased $10.0 million or 32.1% as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This increase is primarily due to the acquisition of Surdex Corporation; see Note 4 - Acquisitions for additional information. What had previously been classified under emerging sectors grew to a scale that warranted separate market recognition. Accordingly, the emerging sector was renamed natural resources and imaging. The updated name reflects the evolved composition of this market. Gross contract revenue within our natural resources and imaging was 48.8% from imaging and mapping activities, 15.8% from mining activities where we have specialized in copper mining, 26.2% from water resources activities, and 9.2% from environmental and other natural resources consulting. Scarcities in water resources and the increasing need for water management gives us confidence that we will be able to increase revenue accordingly. With recent and future acquisitions, we expect to experience continued growth from investment in various natural resources and imaging services.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, public sector customers, defined as direct contracts with municipalities, public agencies, or governmental authorities, represented 34.4% and 26.0% of our gross contract revenue, respectively. A portion of that increase is due to the reclassification of contracts for the Pike Corporation from the private sector to the public sector. This does not include work done indirectly on public sector projects. Gross contract revenue from projects for public sector clients are included in the end market most aligned with work performed.
Contract costs (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
Total contract costs, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, increased $19.7 million or 13.1% to $170.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $150.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, total contract costs represented 47.2% and 48.1% of total contract revenue, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 total contract costs represented 53.3% and 53.7% of revenue attributable to our workforce, respectively (see Net Service Billing).
Direct payroll costs increased $11.0 million or 9.3% to $129.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $118.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Direct payroll accounted for 76.0% of total contract costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an decrease of 2.6 percentage points as compared to 78.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Direct labor, the component of direct payroll costs associated with the cost of labor relating to work performed on contracts increased $10.8 million or 12.3% to $98.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $88.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in direct labor is primarily due to an increase in staffing to accommodate growth. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, direct labor costs represented 27.4% and 28.1% of gross contract revenue, respectively and represented 30.9% and 31.4% of the revenue attributable to our workforce, respectively.
Other direct payroll costs, the component of direct payroll costs associated with fringe and incentive compensation (cash and non-cash) increased by $0.2 million or 0.7% to $30.6 million as compared to $30.4 million.
Sub-consultants and other direct expenses increased $8.6 million or 26.6% to $40.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $32.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, sub-consultant and other direct expenses represented 11.3% and 10.3% of gross contract revenue, respectively.
Operating Expense
Total operating expense increased $9.1 million or 5.5% to $175.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $166.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $9.6 million or 6.6% to $155.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $145.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Indirect labor
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increased $5.7 million or 8.7% to $71.1 million as compared to $65.4 million primarily due to an increase in staffing to accommodate growth. General overhead increased $5.9 million or 12.0% to $55.2 million as compared to $49.3 million due to increased costs associated with the overall growth of the Company.
Depreciation and amortization decreased $0.6 million or (2.9)% to $20.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $20.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net gain on the sale of certain IT equipment and automobiles decreased ($0.1) million to $0.3 million of gain for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $0.4 million of gain for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Other (Income) Expense
Other expense decreased by $0.2 million to $5.8 million of expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, decreased by $5.3 million to $1.2 million, compared to $6.5 million benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, see note 2, Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, was (12.1)% as compared to 69.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Income (Loss) Before Tax and Net Income (Loss)
Income (loss) before tax increased by $19.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, to $9.7 million of income compared to ($9.4) million of loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net income increased by $13.8 million to $10.9 million of net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to ($2.9) million of net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Other financial information and Non-GAAP key performance indicators
Net service billing (non-GAAP)
Net service billing increased $39.1 million or 13.9% to $320.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $281.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net service billing reconciles to gross contract revenue as follows (in thousands):
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Gross contract revenue | $ | 361,054 | $ | 313,341 | |||||||
| Less: sub-consultants and other direct expenses | 40,917 | 32,308 | |||||||||
| Net service billing | $ | 320,137 | $ | 281,033 | |||||||
Because sub-consultants and reimbursable expenses are most often pass-through items with little or no mark-up, they generally have a dilutive effect on gross, operating, and net margins while having little accretive effect on profitability. As such, where possible, we focus our resources and business development efforts principally on increasing revenue derived from our own workforce. Management primarily focuses its internal performance metrics on net service billing.
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Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP)
Adjusted EBITDA increased $10.5 million or 24.7% to $53.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $42.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Adjusted EBITDA reconciles to net income as follows (in thousands):
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Service Billing | $ | 320,137 | $ | 281,033 | $ | 39,104 | 13.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Net Income (loss) | $ | 10,883 | $ | (2,869) | $ | 13,752 | (479.3) | % | |||||||||||||||
| + interest expense | 6,614 | 5,844 | 770 | 13.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + depreciation & amortization | 19,952 | 20,572 | (620) | (3.0) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
+ income tax benefit | (1,175) | (6,543) | 5,368 | (82.0) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 36,274 | $ | 17,004 | $ | 19,270 | 113.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
| + non-cash stock compensation | 14,242 | 20,386 | (6,144) | (30.1) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + settlements and other non-core expenses | 1,616 | 2,767 | (1,151) | (41.6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| + acquisition expenses | 863 | 2,354 | (1,491) | (63.3) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 52,995 | $ | 42,511 | $ | 10,484 | 24.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA margin, net | 16.6 | % | 15.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, Adjusted EBITDA includes add backs of $14.2 million and $20.4 million, respectively, relating to non-cash stock compensation expenses from restricted stock awards.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net (non-GAAP)
Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net represents Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above) as a percentage of net service billing (as defined above). For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, net was 16.6% and 15.1% respectively.
Backlog (other key performance metrics)
Our backlog increased $48.7 million or 12.2% to $447.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $399.0 million at December 31, 2024. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 our backlog was comprised as follows:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
Building Infrastructure | 38 | % | 41 | % | |||||||
| Transportation | 30 | % | 35 | % | |||||||
| Power & Utilities | 23 | % | 15 | % | |||||||
Natural Resources & Imaging | 9 | % | 9 | % | |||||||
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents balances, cash flow from operations, borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below), lease financing, proceeds from stock sales and other structured debt securities. Our principal uses of cash are operating expenses, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, repayment of debt, acquisitions, and acquisition related payments. On September 30, 2025, we maintained a $140.0 million Revolving Credit Facility with Bank of America, our primary lender. See -"Credit Facilities and Other Financing" below for more information on our Revolving Credit Facility. Under the terms of our Revolving Credit Facility, available cash in our primary operating account sweeps against the outstanding balance every evening. Our cash on hand therefore generally consists of petty cash and other non-operating funds not included in the nightly sweep. Cash on
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hand includes the cash we keep in short-term investment accounts along with deposits and payments in transit in our operating sweep account. Our cash on hand increased by $9.5 million on September 30, 2025 as compared to December 31, 2024.
We regularly monitor our capital requirements and believe our sources of liquidity, including cash flow from operations, existing cash, and borrowing availability under our credit and lease facilities will be sufficient to fund our projected cash requirements and strategic initiatives for the next year. To the extent we experience any potential liquidity or capital shortfalls relating to growth and acquisition, we currently expect to rely on debt financing to meet those shortfalls. We use our equity as a component of consideration in acquisitions. In addition, depending on market conditions, we may opportunistically access the public debts and equity markets.
We are actively pursuing acquisitions as part of our strategic growth initiative. At any given time, we are assessing multiple opportunities at varying stages of due diligence. These acquisition opportunities range in size, timing of closing, valuation, and composition of consideration. In connection with acquisitions, we use a combination of cash, bank financing, seller financing, and equity to satisfy the purchase price. Currently, we have several acquisitions under consideration. There can be no assurance that any opportunity in the process of being reviewed will close but we expect over time to utilize a meaningful portion of our current liquidity and capital resources for acquisitions.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (amounts in thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 26,471 | $ | 12,382 | |||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,427) | (23,636) | |||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (15,521) | 2,227 | |||||||||
| Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 9,523 | (9,027) | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 16,221 | 11,660 | |||||||||
Operating Activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, net cash provided by operating activities was $26.5 million, which primarily consisted of $10.9 million net income, adjusted for stock-based compensation expense of $14.2 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $20.0 million, and deferred taxes of $12.2 million, offset by a net cash outflow of $59.3 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net outflow from changes in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a $18.9 million increase in accounts receivable resulting from a combination of acquired accounts receivable from acquisitions and increased billing to our customers, a $6.2 million increase in contract assets and liabilities, and a $35.4 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses, partially offset by a $1.3 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets .
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities decreased by $22.2 million to $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $23.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in net cash used for investing is primarily attributable to the greater number of acquisitions that occurred in the first quarter of 2024 compared to 2025.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $15.5 million compared to $2.2 million provided by financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $17.7 million. The increase in net cash used in financing is primarily attributable to the net proceeds of $20.0 million from borrowing on the Revolving Credit Facility, offset by $9.2 million from payments on finance leases, $9.5 million for repurchase of common stock, $12.6 million used for repayment of notes and $4.2 million used to purchase treasury shares.
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Credit Facilities and Other Financing
As of September 30, 2025, we maintained a $140.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a credit agreement with lenders, Bank of America N.A., as Administrative Agent, the Swingline Lender and L/C Issuer, and TD Bank, N.A. as syndication agent (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Revolving Credit Facility has a maturity date of May 2, 2029. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility, available cash in our primary operating account sweeps against the outstanding balance every evening. As of September 30, 2025, the balance on the Revolving Credit Facility was $57.0 million.
On October 30, 2025, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries acting as guarantors, entered into a Second Amendment to Credit Agreement. The Second Amendment increases the maximum principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $140.0 million to $210.0 million and expands its banking syndicate to include Bank of America, N.A., TD Bank, N.A., and PNC Bank, National Association. In addition, it amends and restates the covenant in the Credit Agreement which required the Company to add subsidiaries as guarantors by clarifying it application to, and defining, a “Material Subsidiary” (as defined in the Credit Agreement” and allows the Company, so long as no default exists or would result from, to dissolve inactive subsidiaries.
The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by all the assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors. Under the Revolving Credit Facility, we are required to comply with certain covenants, including covenants on indebtedness, investments, liens and restricted payments, as well as to maintain certain financial covenants, including a fixed charge coverage ratio and leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). At September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants.
We utilize master lease facilities primarily with Dext Capital (“Dext”) (formerly Honour Capital, LLC) and Enterprise Leasing (“Enterprise”). The Dext lease facility finances our acquisition of IT infrastructure, geospatial and survey equipment, furniture and other long-lived assets. The Enterprise lease facility finances the acquisition of field trucks and other service vehicles. At September 30, 2025, we maintained a fleet of approximately 500 vehicles. All of our leasing facilities allow for both operating and finance leasing. We allocate finance lease payments between amortization and interest. The payment terms on the lease agreements range between 30 and 50 months with payments totaling approximately $1.1 million per month. We utilize a third party valuation specialist to formulate the incremental borrowing rates for the Company, to calculate the present value on new leases.
We regularly evaluate our options with respect to capital and our requirements for operations and growth. We do not limit our consideration to traditional bank financing, but rather include other structured debt and equity as option for additional capital.
For more information about our credit facilities, see Note 11 – Revolving Credit Facilities.
Registration Statement
We have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”), which enables us to issue shares of our common stock and preferred stock, warrants and rights to purchase any of such securities and/or debt securities, either individually or in units, in one or more offerings. We will file a prospectus supplement containing the amount and type of securities each time we issue securities under our Shelf Registration Statement. On April 1, 2024, we sold 1,502,942 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $51.1 million pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement, as supplemented by the prospectus supplement dated March 26, 2024. The selling stockholders in the offering sold an aggregate of 188,234 shares of common stock. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock by the selling stockholders in the Offering.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements, no special purpose entities, and no activities that include non-exchange-traded contracts accounted for at fair value.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We use estimates in the determination of certain financial results. Estimates used in financial reporting utilize only information available to us at the time of formulation. These estimates are subject to change as new information becomes available.
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There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies relating to the use of estimates described in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements
Our disclosure and analysis in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, contains forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingencies, goals, targets or future development and/ or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “may,” “should,” “could” or the negative of such terms or similar expressions. The absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, our expectations regarding our recent and future acquisitions; our expectations regarding the impact of any completed or planned acquisition; our intentions regarding our growth strategies and investment of resources, including the markets in which we intend to focus our growth initiatives; our expectations regarding trends and opportunities for future growth and expansion, including our projections of growth in energy transitions; our expectations regarding the use of our current liquidity and capital resources for acquisitions; or expectations to experience periodic volatility in concentration of sub-consultant utilization; and our belief that our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our projected cash requirements and strategic initiatives for the next year. Any forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and projections about future events and they are subject to risks and uncertainties known and unknown that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include:
•our ability to retain the continued service of our key professionals and to identify, hire, retain and utilize additional qualified personnel;
•changes in demand from the customers that we serve;
•any material outbreak or material escalation of international hostilities, including developments in the conflict involving Russia and the Ukraine, or the Middle East and the economic consequences of related events and resulting market volatility;
•changes in general domestic and international economic conditions such as inflation rates, interest rates, tax rates, higher labor and healthcare costs, tariffs, trade wars, recessions, shutdown of the federal government, and changing government policies, laws and regulations;
•our ability to obtain financing to fund our growth strategy and working capital requirements at commercially reasonable rates or at all;
•uncertainty related to the size and composition of the U.S. government and the impact of downsizing and cost reduction efforts on other governmental and quasi-governmental budgetary and funding approval processes;
•our ability to execute our acquisitions strategy, including successful completion of acquisitions and the integration of new acquisitions into our operations and financial reporting;
•the possibility that our contracts may be terminated by our customers;
•our ability to win new contracts and renew existing contracts;
•competitive pressures and trends in our industry and our ability to successfully compete with our competitors;
•our dependence on a limited number of customers;
•our ability to complete projects timely, in accordance with our customers’ expectations, or profitability;
•our ability to successfully manage our growth strategy;
•our ability to raise capital in the future on commercially reasonable terms or at all;
•the credit and collection risks associated with our customers;
•our ability to comply with procurement laws and regulations;
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•changes in laws, regulations, or policies that directly or indirectly affect our business and operations;
•weather conditions and seasonal revenue fluctuations may adversely impact our financial results;
•the enactment of legislation that could limit the ability of local, state and federal agencies to contract for our privatized services;
•our ability to complete our backlog of uncompleted projects as currently projected;
•the risk of employee misconduct or our failure to comply with laws and regulations;
•our ability to control, and operational issues pertaining to, business activities that we conduct with business partners and other third parties;
•our need to comply with a number of restrictive covenants and similar provisions in our credit facility that generally limit our ability to (among other things) incur additional indebtedness, create liens, make acquisitions, pay dividends and undergo certain changes in control, which could affect our ability to finance future operations, acquisitions or capital needs;
•significant influence by our largest stockholder and the existence of certain anti-takeover measures in our governing documents; and
•the factors identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors”, and in our other filings with the SEC.
Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except to the extent required by applicable laws or rules. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor of our business or to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. We qualify all information presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and particularly our forward-looking statements, by these cautionary statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to certain market risks from transactions that are entered into during the normal course of business. We have not entered into derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. We have no significant market risk exposure to interest rate changes related to the promissory notes issued as partial consideration for acquisitions since these contain fixed interest rates. Our only debt subject to interest rate risk is the Credit Agreement under which rates are tied to Term SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), plus an applicable rate which varies between 6.91% and 8.95% based on our ratio of Funded Debt to EBITDA (as each is defined in the Credit Agreement). As of September 30, 2025, there was $57.0 million outstanding on the Credit Agreement. A one percentage point change in the assumed interest rate of the Credit Agreement would change our annual interest expense by approximately $0.3 million in 2025.
Our finance lease obligations with Dext (formerly Honour) and Enterprise were an aggregate of $34.7 million as of September 30, 2025. These finance lease obligations bear interest at a fixed rate. Accordingly, there is no exposure to market risk related to these obligations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are subject to various legal proceedings that arise in the normal course of our business activities. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we are not party to any litigation, the outcome of which if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate be reasonably expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no changes to any of the risks that we believe are material to our business, results of operations and financial condition, from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities
The following table summarizes the purchases of our common stock made by us during the three months ended September 30, 2025:
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7/1/25 - 7/31/25 | 12,428 | 28.63 | - | 25,000,000 | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8/1/25 - 8/31/25 | - | - | - | 25,000,000 | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9/1/25 - 9/30/25 | - | - | - | 25,000,000 | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) This column reflects shares owned and tendered by employees to satisfy the required withholding taxes related to share-based payment awards, which are not deducted from shares available to be purchased under publicly announced programs.
(2) On June 6, 2025, the board of directors authorized a share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $25 million of its common stock ("2025 Repurchase Authorization") over a 12-month period beginning on June 9, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, no repurchases have been made under the 2025 Repurchase Authorization.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
None
Item 5. Other Information.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the following director and officers of the Company each adopted a trading arrangement
On August 27, 2025 , Raymond Vick Jr. , a director of the Company , adopted a 10b5-1 Plan that provides for the sale of up to 1,230 shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the 10b5-1 Plan during May 2026 . Mr. Vick’s prior 10b5-1 Plan expired by its terms in May 2024.
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On September 11, 2025 , Bruce Labovitz , the Company’s Chief Financial Officer , adopted a 10b5-1 Plan that provides for the sale of up to 30,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the 10b5-1 Plan from January 2026 through April 2026 . Mr. Labovitz’s prior 10b5-1 Plan expired by its terms in October 2025.
On September 12, 2025 , Robert Hickey , the Company’s Chief Legal Officer , adopted a 10b5-1 Plan that provides for the sale of up to 16,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the 10b5-1 Plan from December 2025 through June 2026 . Mr. Hickey’s prior 10b5-1 Plan expired by its terms in July 2025.
The Company entered into the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement dated September 30, 2025 with Robert Hickey (the “Amendment”) to provide that Mr. Hickey’s term of employment shall automatically renew for successive one year periods beginning December 31, 2024, unless Mr. Hickey or the Company delivers a written notice of nonrenewal to the other party at least fifteen (15) days prior to December 31 of each renewal year, rather than ninety (90) days prior to each renewal year. The Amendment is effective upon approval and ratification by the board of directors prior to November 15, 2025.
Item 6. Exhibits.
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 10.1 | Second Amendment to Credit Agreement and Joinder Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2025, by and among Bowman Consulting Group Ltd., the Guarantors, the Lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-40371), filed with the SEC on November 5, 2025). | |||||||
10.2+ | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement dated as of September 30, 2025 by and between Bowman Consulting Group and Robert Hickey. | |||||||
| 31.1* | ||||||||
| 31.2* | ||||||||
| 32.1*+ | ||||||||
| 32.2*+ | ||||||||
| 101: | XBRL. | |||||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | |||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||||||
_____________________
*Filed herewith.
*+ This certificate is being furnished solely to accompany the report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 and is not being “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934.
+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| BOWMAN CONSULTING GROUP LTD. | ||||||||
Date: November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Gary Bowman | ||||||
| Gary Bowman | ||||||||
CEO and Chairman (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
Date: November 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Bruce Labovitz | ||||||
| Bruce Labovitz | ||||||||
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | ||||||||
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