DGX 10-Q
Quest Diagnostics Inc (DGX)
10-Q
2021-10-22
For: 2021-09-30
View Original
Added on
April 12, 2026
| UNITED STATES | ||
| SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION | ||
| WASHINGTON, DC 20549 | ||
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
Or
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-12215
| (State of Incorporation) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | ||||||||||||||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 15, 2021, there were outstanding 122,674,771 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $.01 par value.
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| Page | ||||||||
| Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited) | ||||||||
| Index to unaudited consolidated financial statements filed as part of this report: | ||||||||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | ||||||||
1
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses and other operating income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expense (income), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-operating income (expense), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity method investees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share attributable to Quest Diagnostics’ common stockholders: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
2
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in available-for-sale debt securities, net of taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net deferred gain on cash flow hedges, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
3
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND DECEMBER 31, 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)
| September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ | |||||||||||
| Inventories | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Investments in equity method investees | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
| Quest Diagnostics stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
Common stock, par value $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Retained earnings | |||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost; | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total Quest Diagnostics stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
4
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | |||||||||||
| Deferred income tax (benefit) provision | ( | ||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||
| Gain on disposition of joint venture | ( | ||||||||||
| Other, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | |||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | |||||||||||
| Termination of interest rate swap agreements | |||||||||||
| Other assets and liabilities, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Capital expenditures | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from disposition of joint venture | |||||||||||
| Decrease (increase) in investments and other assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings | |||||||||||
| Repayments of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Purchases of treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | |||||||||||
| Employee payroll tax withholdings on stock issued under stock-based compensation plans | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Dividends paid | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interest partners | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other financing activities, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
5
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 | Quest Diagnostics Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | Treasury Stock, at Cost | Non- controlling Interests | Total Stock- holders’ Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interest partners | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under benefit plans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement of treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 | Quest Diagnostics Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | Treasury Stock, at Cost | Non- controlling Interests | Total Stock- holders’ Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | 76 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interest partners | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under benefit plans | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares to cover employee payroll tax withholdings on stock issued under stock-based compensation plans | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of treasury stock | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement of treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
6
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 AND 2020
(unaudited)
(in millions)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 | Quest Diagnostics Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | Treasury Stock, at Cost | Non- controlling Interests | Total Stock- holders’ Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interest partners | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under benefit plans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 | Quest Diagnostics Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss | Treasury Stock, at Cost | Non- controlling Interests | Total Stock- holders’ Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interest partners | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under benefit plans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares to cover employee payroll tax withholdings on stock issued under stock-based compensation plans | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchases of treasury stock | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
7
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Background
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accounting policies of the Company are the same as those set forth in Note 2 to the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
A novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) continues to impact the economy of the United States and other countries around the world. The Company's testing volume and revenues have been materially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, including periods of decline in testing volume in the Company's base business (which excludes COVID-19 testing) compared to historical 2019 levels and periods of significant demand for COVID-19 testing. As a result, operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
Use of Estimates
Earnings Per Share
8
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
New Accounting Standards to be Adopted
3. EARNINGS PER SHARE
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts attributable to Quest Diagnostics’ common stockholders: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings available to Quest Diagnostics’ common stockholders – basic and diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options and performance share units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share attributable to Quest Diagnostics’ common stockholders: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options and performance share units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
9
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
In April 2021, the Company entered into ASRs with several financial institutions to repurchase $1.5 billion of the Company's common stock as part of the Company's share repurchase program. See Note 9 for further details. The sum of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Quest Diagnostics' common stockholders for the first three quarters of 2021 did not equal the total for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to both quarterly fluctuations in the Company's earnings and in the weighted average common shares outstanding throughout the period as a result of the impact of the ASRs.
4. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
On June 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of the outreach laboratory services business of Mercy Health, which serves providers and patients in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma, in an all-cash transaction for $225 million. Based on the preliminary purchase price allocation, which may be revised as additional information becomes available during the measurement period, the assets acquired primarily consist of $54 million of customer-related intangible assets and $171 15 years.
The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. As such, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded based on their estimated fair values as of the closing date. Supplemental pro forma combined financial information has not been presented as the impact of the acquisition is not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements. The goodwill recorded primarily includes the expected synergies resulting from combining the operations of the acquired entity with those of the Company and the value associated with an assembled workforce and other intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. All of the goodwill acquired in connection with the acquisition has been allocated to the Company's DIS business. For further details regarding business segment information, see Note 12.
5. DISPOSITION
On April 1, 2021, the Company sold its 40 % ownership interest in Q2 Solutions® ("Q2 Solutions"), its clinical trials central laboratory services joint venture, to IQVIA Holdings, Inc. ("IQVIA"), its joint venture partner, for $760 million in an all-cash transaction. The sales price is subject to customary post-closing adjustments. Prior to the transaction, the Company accounted for its minority interest as an equity method investment. As a result of the transaction, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a $314 million pre-tax gain in other income, net in the consolidated statement of operations based on the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying value of the investment, including $20 million of cumulative translation losses which were previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company also recorded $55 million of income tax expense related to the gain, consisting of $127 million of current income tax expense, partially offset by $72 million of deferred income tax benefit.
Under a multi-year agreement, the Company will remain the strategic preferred laboratory provider for Q2 Solutions' clients, providing a range of lab testing capabilities to augment Q2 Solutions' core offerings and extend its industry leading suite of services.
10
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
| Basis of Fair Value Measurements | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities | Significant Other Observable Inputs | Significant Unobservable Inputs | |||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2021 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation trading securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash surrender value of life insurance policies | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale debt securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Fair Value Measurements | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2020 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation trading securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash surrender value of life insurance policies | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale debt securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
A detailed description regarding the Company's fair value measurements is contained in Note 7 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Company offers certain employees the opportunity to participate in a non-qualified supplemental deferred compensation plan. A participant's deferrals, together with Company matching credits, are invested in a variety of participant-directed investment options that are classified as trading securities. These trading securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because the changes in the fair value of these securities are measured using quoted prices in active markets based on the market price per unit multiplied by the number of units held, exclusive of any transaction costs. A corresponding adjustment for changes in fair value of the trading securities is also reflected in the changes in fair value of the deferred compensation obligation. The deferred compensation liabilities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because their inputs are derived principally from observable market data by correlation to the trading securities.
11
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
The Company offers certain employees the opportunity to participate in a non-qualified deferred compensation program. A participant's deferrals, together with Company matching credits, are “invested” at the direction of the employee in a hypothetical portfolio of investments which are tracked by an administrator. The Company purchases life insurance policies, with the Company named as beneficiary of the policies, for the purpose of funding the program's liability. Changes in the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies are based upon earnings and changes in the value of the underlying investments. Changes in the fair value of the deferred compensation obligation are derived using quoted prices in active markets based on the market price per unit multiplied by the number of units. The cash surrender value and the deferred compensation obligation are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because their inputs are derived principally from observable market data by correlation to the hypothetical investments. Deferrals under the plan currently may only be made by participants who made deferrals under the plan in 2017.
The Company's investment portfolio primarily includes equity investments comprised mostly of strategic holdings in companies concentrated in the life sciences and healthcare industries. Equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values (which consist of investments in preferred and common shares of private companies) are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, certain of the Company's equity investments became publicly-traded and, based on the readily determinable fair values, the Company recognized gains of $42 million in other income, net in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. Such equity investments are now classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because the changes in the fair values of the securities are measured using quoted prices in active markets based on the market price per share multiplied by the number of shares held, exclusive of any transaction costs.
The Company's available-for-sale debt securities are measured at fair value based on estimated future cash flows. These fair value measurements are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as the fair value is based on significant inputs that are not observable, including cash flow projections.
In connection with the sale of an 18.9 % noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary to UMass Memorial Medical Center ("UMass") on July 1, 2015, the Company granted UMass the right to require the Company to purchase all of its interest in the subsidiary at fair value commencing July 1, 2020. As of September 30, 2021, the redeemable noncontrolling interest was presented at its fair value. The fair value measurement of the redeemable noncontrolling interest is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the fair value is based on a discounted cash flow analysis that takes into account, among other items, the joint venture's expected future cash flows, long term growth rates, and a discount rate commensurate with economic risk.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded an $8 million impairment charge, which is included in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes, in order to adjust to fair value an investment that is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Following the impairment charge, the carrying value of the investment is not material. The fair value measurement was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as it was based on significant inputs that are not observable, including cash flow projections.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value based on the short maturities of these instruments. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of the Company’s debt was estimated at $4.5 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively. Principally all of the Company's debt is classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because the fair value of the debt is estimated based on rates currently offered to the Company with identical terms and maturities, using quoted active market prices and yields, taking into account the underlying terms of the debt instruments.
12
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
7. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
| September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Goodwill acquired during the period | |||||||||||
| Adjustments to goodwill | ( | ||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
Principally all of the Company’s goodwill as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was associated with its DIS business.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, goodwill acquired was principally associated with the acquisition of the outreach laboratory services businesses of Mercy Health and adjustments to goodwill primarily related to foreign currency translation. For the year ended December 31, 2020, goodwill acquired was principally associated with the acquisitions of Blueprint Genetics Oy; Memorial Hermann Diagnostic Laboratories, the outreach laboratory division of Memorial Hermann Health System; and the remaining 56 % interest in Mid America Clinical Laboratories, LLC (see Note 6 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K). For the year ended December 31, 2020, adjustments to goodwill primarily related to foreign currency translation.
| Weighted Average Amortization Period (in years) | September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost | Accumulated Amortization | Net | Cost | Accumulated Amortization | Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortizing intangible assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer-related | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-compete agreements | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets not subject to amortization: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
| Year Ending December 31, | |||||
| Remainder of 2021 | $ | ||||
| 2022 | |||||
| 2023 | |||||
| 2024 | |||||
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
8. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Interest Rate Risk
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk on its cash and cash equivalents and its debt obligations. Interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents may fluctuate as interest rates change; however, due to their relatively short maturities, the Company does not hedge these assets or their investment cash flows and the impact of interest rate risk is not material. The Company's debt obligations consist of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt instruments. The Company's primary objective is to achieve the lowest overall cost of funding while managing the variability in cash outflows within an acceptable range. In order to achieve this objective, the Company has historically entered into interest rate swap agreements.
Interest rate swaps involve the periodic exchange of payments without the exchange of underlying principal or notional amounts. Net settlements between the counterparties are recognized as an adjustment to interest expense, net.
Interest Rate Derivatives – Cash Flow Hedges
From time to time, the Company has entered into various interest rate lock agreements and forward-starting interest rate swap agreements to hedge part of the Company's interest rate exposure associated with the variability in future cash flows attributable to changes in interest rates.
Interest Rate Derivatives – Fair Value Hedges
Historically, the Company has entered into various fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements in order to convert a portion of the Company's long-term debt into variable interest rate debt. All such fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements have been terminated and proceeds from the terminations have been reflected as basis adjustments to the hedged debt instruments and are being amortized as a reduction of interest expense, net over the remaining terms of such debt instruments.
14
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
| Hedge Accounting Basis Adjustment (a) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Classification | September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
(a) As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the entire balance is associated with remaining unamortized hedging adjustments on discontinued relationships.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | Other income, net | Other income, net | Other income, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total for line item in which the effects of fair value hedges are recorded | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationships: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hedged items (Long-term debt) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
9. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
Stockholders' Equity
Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component
Comprehensive income (loss) includes:
•Foreign currency translation adjustments;
•Net deferred gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, which represent deferred gains (losses), net of tax, on interest rate-related derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges, net of amounts reclassified to interest expense (see Note 8); and
•Net changes in available-for-sale debt securities, which represent unrealized holding gains (losses), net of tax on available-for-sale debt securities.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the tax effects related to the deferred gains (losses) on cash flow hedges and net changes in available-for-sale debt securities were not material. Foreign currency translation adjustments related to indefinite investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries are not adjusted for income taxes.
On April 1, 2021, the Company sold its 40 % ownership interest in Q2 Solutions, its clinical trials central laboratory services joint venture, to IQVIA, its joint venture partner. As a result of the transaction, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, $20 million of cumulative translation losses were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to other income, net. See Note 5 for further details.
15
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
Dividend Program
During each of the first three quarters of 2021, the Company's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.62 0.56
Share Repurchase Program
In each of February 2021 and March 2021, the Company's Board of Directors increased the size of its share repurchase program by $1 1.3 billion remained available under the Company’s share repurchase authorization. The share repurchase authorization has no set expiration or termination date.
Share Repurchases
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company repurchased 12.5 million shares of its common stock for a value of $1.6 billion, including 9.1 million shares repurchased under ASRs.
The repurchases under the ASRs were initiated in April 2021 with the Company's entry into ASRs with several financial institutions to repurchase $1.5 billion of the Company's common stock as part of the Company's share repurchase program. Each of the ASRs was structured to permit the Company to purchase shares immediately with the final purchase price of those shares determined by the volume-weighted average price of the Company's common stock during the repurchase period, less a fixed discount and was accounted for as two transactions: (1) a treasury stock repurchase and (2) a forward contract. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company paid $1.5 billion to the financial institutions and received 9.1 million shares of its common stock, at an initial price of $132.27 per share for a value of $1.2 billion, which represents 80 % of the total value of shares to be repurchased under the ASRs. The ASR contracts will settle the remaining shares, based on the volume-weighted average price of the Company's common stock during the repurchase period, less a fixed discount, upon the completion of the ASRs during the fourth quarter of 2021. The Company recorded the transactions as an increase to treasury stock of $1.2 billion and it recorded the remaining $300 million as a decrease to additional paid-in capital in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The $300 million recorded in additional paid-in capital will be included in treasury stock upon completion of the ASRs.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company repurchased 0.7 million shares of its common stock for $75 million.
Shares Reissued from Treasury Stock
The Company's practice has been to issue shares related to its Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") and its stock-based compensation program from shares of its common stock held in treasury or by issuing new shares of its common stock. In January 2021, the Company began to issue shares related to its ESPP and stock-based compensation program solely from common stock held in treasury. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company reissued 1.7 million shares and 2.1 million shares, respectively from treasury stock. For details regarding the Company's stock ownership and compensation plans, see Note 17 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Treasury Stock Retirement
During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company retired 55 million shares of treasury stock. In accordance with the Company's policy, the amount paid to repurchase the shares in excess of par value was allocated between retained earnings and additional paid-in capital based on a pro-rata allocation of additional paid-in capital at the time of the share retirement.
16
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
In connection with the sale of an 18.9 % noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary to UMass on July 1, 2015, the Company granted UMass the right to require the Company to purchase all of its interest in the subsidiary at fair value commencing July 1, 2020. The subsidiary performs diagnostic information services in a defined territory within the state of Massachusetts. Since the redemption of the noncontrolling interest is outside of the Company's control, it has been presented outside of stockholders' equity at the greater of its carrying amount or its fair value. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the redeemable noncontrolling interest was presented at its fair value. For further information regarding the fair value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest, see Note 6.
17
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
10. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW AND OTHER DATA
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Interest paid | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable associated with capital expenditures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends payable | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Businesses acquired: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of assets acquired | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of liabilities assumed | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of net assets acquired | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger consideration receivable/payable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for business acquisitions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Cash acquired | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Leases: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
In March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was signed into law. In April 2020 and August 2020, the Company received approximately $65 million and $73 million, respectively, of funds that were distributed to healthcare providers for related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic under the CARES Act. The Company accounted for the receipt of the funds under a gain contingency model. Accordingly, the amounts were recognized when the funds were received and the Company determined that it satisfied the associated terms and conditions. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, based on the terms and conditions that were in effect at such time, the Company concluded that it had satisfied such terms and conditions for the $65 million of funds that were received in April 2020 and, therefore, the Company recognized such amount in other operating expense (income), net during the second quarter of 2020. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company reversed the $65 million of funds that had previously been recognized and, during the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company returned the entire $138 million of funds.
18
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Letters of Credit
The Company can issue letters of credit totaling $100 million under its $600 million secured receivables credit facility and $150 million under its $750 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility. See Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In support of its risk management program, $70 million in letters of credit under the secured receivables credit facility were outstanding as of September 30, 2021, providing collateral for current and future automobile liability and workers’ compensation loss payments.
Contingent Lease Obligations
The Company remains subject to contingent obligations under certain real estate leases for which no liability has been recorded. For further details, see Note 18 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Certain Legal Matters
The Company may incur losses associated with these proceedings and investigations, but it is not possible to estimate the amount of loss or range of loss, if any, that might result from adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties, or other resolution of these proceedings and investigations based on the stage of these proceedings and investigations, the absence of specific allegations as to alleged damages, the uncertainty as to the certification of a class or classes and the size of any certified class, if applicable, and/or the lack of resolution of significant factual and legal issues. The Company has insurance coverage rights in place (limited in amount; subject to deductible) for certain potential costs and liabilities related to these proceedings and investigations.
401(k) Plan Lawsuit
In 2020, two putative class action lawsuits were filed in the U.S. District Court for New Jersey against the Company and other defendants with respect to the Company’s 401(k) plan. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the fiduciaries of the 401(k) plan breached their duties by failing to disclose the expenses and risks of plan investment options, allowing unreasonable administration expenses to be charged to plan participants, and selecting and retaining high cost and poor performing investments. In October 2020, the court consolidated the two lawsuits under the caption In re: Quest Diagnostics ERISA Litigation and plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint. In May 2021, the court denied the Company's motion to dismiss the complaint.
AMCA Data Security Incident
On June 3, 2019, the Company reported that Retrieval-Masters Creditors Bureau, Inc./American Medical Collection Agency (“AMCA”) had informed the Company and Optum360 LLC that an unauthorized user had access to AMCA’s system between August 1, 2018 and March 30, 2019 (the “AMCA Data Security Incident”). Optum360 provides revenue management services to the Company, and AMCA provided debt collection services to Optum360. AMCA first informed the Company of the AMCA Data Security Incident on May 14, 2019. AMCA’s affected system included financial information (e.g., credit card numbers and bank account information), medical information and other personal information (e.g., social security numbers). Test results were not included. Neither Optum360’s nor the Company’s systems or databases were involved in the incident. AMCA also informed the Company that information pertaining to other laboratories’ customers was also affected. Following announcement of the AMCA Data Security Incident, AMCA sought protection under the U.S. bankruptcy laws. The bankruptcy proceeding has been dismissed.
19
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
Numerous putative class action lawsuits were filed against the Company related to the AMCA Data Security Incident. The U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation transferred the cases still pending to, and consolidated them for pre-trial proceedings in, the U.S. District Court for New Jersey. In November 2019, the plaintiffs in the multidistrict proceeding filed a consolidated putative class action complaint against the Company and Optum360 that named additional individuals as plaintiffs and that asserted a variety of common law and statutory claims in connection with the AMCA Data Security Incident. In January 2020, the Company moved to dismiss the consolidated complaint; the motion to dismiss is pending.
In addition, certain federal and state governmental authorities are investigating, or otherwise seeking information and/or documents from the Company related to the AMCA Data Security Incident and related matters, including the Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Attorneys General offices from numerous states and the District of Columbia, and certain U.S. senators.
Other Legal Matters
In the normal course of business, the Company has been named, from time to time, as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in connection with the Company's activities as a provider of diagnostic testing, information and services. These actions could involve claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages, and could have an adverse impact on the Company's client base and reputation.
The Company is also involved, from time to time, in other reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental agencies regarding the Company's business which may result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties, injunctions or other relief.
The federal or state governments may bring claims based on the Company's current practices, which it believes are lawful. In addition, certain federal and state statutes, including the qui tam provisions of the federal False Claims Act, allow private individuals to bring lawsuits against healthcare companies on behalf of government or private payers. The Company is aware of lawsuits, and from time to time has received subpoenas, related to billing or other practices based on the False Claims Act or other federal and state statutes, regulations or other laws. The Company understands that there may be other pending qui tam claims brought by former employees or other "whistle blowers" as to which the Company cannot determine the extent of any potential liability.
Management cannot predict the outcome of such matters. Although management does not anticipate that the ultimate outcome of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, given the high degree of judgment involved in establishing loss estimates related to these types of matters, the outcome of such matters may be material to the Company's consolidated results of operations or cash flows in the period in which the impact of such matters is determined or paid.
These matters are in different stages. Some of these matters are in their early stages. Matters may involve responding to and cooperating with various government investigations and related subpoenas. As of September 30, 2021, the Company does not believe that material losses related to legal matters are probable.
Reserves for legal matters totaled $6 million and $1 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Reserves for General and Professional Liability Claims
20
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
12. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company's DIS business is the only reportable segment based on the manner in which the Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), assesses performance and allocates resources across the organization. The DIS business provides diagnostic information services to a broad range of customers, including patients, clinicians, hospitals, IDNs, health plans, employers, ACOs and DCEs. The Company is the world's leading provider of diagnostic information services, which includes providing information and insights based on an industry-leading menu of routine, non-routine and advanced clinical testing and anatomic pathology testing, and other diagnostic information services. The DIS business accounted for greater than 95
All other operating segments include the Company's DS businesses, which consist of its risk assessment services and healthcare information technology businesses. The Company's DS businesses are the leading provider of risk assessment services for the life insurance industry and offer healthcare organizations and clinicians robust information technology solutions.
As of September 30, 2021, substantially all of the Company’s services were provided within the United States, and substantially all of the Company’s assets were located within the United States.
21
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIS business | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| All other operating segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating earnings (loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIS business | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| All other operating segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General corporate activities | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-operating income (expense), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity method investees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Routine clinical testing services | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 testing services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gene-based and esoteric (including advanced diagnostics) testing services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Anatomic pathology testing services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| All other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
13. REVENUE RECOGNITION
DIS
Net revenues in the Company’s DIS business accounted for over 95
22
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
For further details regarding revenue recognition in the Company's DIS business, see Note 3 to the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
DS
The Company’s DS businesses primarily satisfy their performance obligations and recognize revenues when delivery has occurred or services have been rendered.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Healthcare insurers: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fee-for-service | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Capitated | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total healthcare insurers | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Government payers | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Client payers | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Patients | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DIS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| Healthcare Insurers | % | % | |||||||||
| Government Payers | |||||||||||
| Client Payers | |||||||||||
| Patients (including coinsurance and deductible responsibilities) | |||||||||||
| Total DIS | |||||||||||
| DS | |||||||||||
| Net accounts receivable | % | % | |||||||||
14. TAXES ON INCOME
23
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
(unaudited)
(in millions, unless otherwise indicated)
15. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
24
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Our Company
Diagnostic Information Services
Quest Diagnostics empowers people to take action to improve health outcomes. We use our extensive database of clinical lab results to derive diagnostic insights that reveal new avenues to identify and treat disease, inspire healthy behaviors and improve healthcare management. Our diagnostic information services business ("DIS") provides information and insights based on an industry-leading menu of routine, non-routine and advanced clinical testing and anatomic pathology testing, and other diagnostic information services. We provide services to a broad range of customers, including patients, clinicians, hospitals, independent delivery networks ("IDNs"), health plans, employers, accountable care organizations ("ACOs"), and direct contract entities ("DCEs"). We offer the broadest access in the United States to diagnostic information services through our nationwide network of laboratories, patient service centers and phlebotomists in physician offices and our connectivity resources, including call centers and mobile paramedics, nurses and other health and wellness professionals. We are the world's leading provider of diagnostic information services. We provide interpretive consultation with one of the largest medical and scientific staffs in the industry. Our DIS business makes up greater than 95% of our consolidated net revenues.
We assess our revenue performance for the DIS business based upon, among other factors, volume (measured by test requisitions) and revenue per requisition.
Each requisition accompanies patient specimens, indicating the test(s) to be performed and the party to be billed for the test(s).
Revenue per requisition is impacted by various factors, including, among other items, the impact of fee schedule changes (i.e., unit price), test mix, payer mix, and the number of tests per requisition. Management uses number of requisitions and revenue per requisition data to assist with assessing the growth and performance of the business, including understanding trends affecting number of requisitions, pricing and test mix. Therefore, we believe that information related to changes in these metrics from period to period are useful information for investors as it allows them to assess the performance of the business.
Diagnostic Solutions
In our Diagnostic Solutions ("DS") businesses, which represent the balance of our consolidated net revenues, we offer a variety of solutions for life insurers and healthcare organizations and clinicians. We are the leading provider of risk assessment services for the life insurance industry. In addition, we offer healthcare organizations and clinicians robust information technology solutions.
Third Quarter Highlights
| Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (dollars in millions, except per share data) | |||||||||||
| Net revenues | $2,774 | $2,786 | |||||||||
| DIS revenues | $2,703 | $2,709 | |||||||||
| Revenue per requisition change | (5.4)% | 20.9% | |||||||||
| Requisition volume change | 5.3% | 19.7% | |||||||||
| Organic requisition volume change | 3.2% | 16.6% | |||||||||
| DS revenues | $71 | $77 | |||||||||
| Net income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $505 | $568 | |||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share | $4.02 | $4.14 | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $561 | $862 | |||||||||
For further discussion of the year-over-year changes for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, see Results of Operations below.
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Impact of COVID - 19
As a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to impact the economy of the United States and other countries around the world, we are committed to being a part of the coordinated public and private sector response to this unprecedented challenge. We have made substantial investments to expand the amount of COVID-19 testing available to the country. We have been effectively managing challenges in the global supply chain; and, at this point, we have sufficient supplies to conduct our business.
During 2020 and 2021, our testing volume and revenues were materially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Beginning in March 2020, we experienced a material decline in base testing volume (which excludes COVID-19 testing) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in base testing volume was driven by federal, state and local governmental policies and initiatives designed to reduce the transmission of COVID-19, a significant reduction in physician office visits, the cancellation of elective medical procedures, customers closing or severely curtailing their operations (voluntarily or in response to government orders), and the adoption of work-from-home policies, all of which have had, and may continue to have, an impact on our operating results, financial position and cash flows.
During May and June 2020, we began to experience a recovery in base testing volume, which continued in 2021. The recovery trend stalled somewhat in August 2021, but resumed in September 2021. The recovery has been driven by people returning to the healthcare system as well as contributions from new Professional Laboratory Services offerings. For the first, second and third quarters of 2021, our base testing volume, excluding volume associated with recent acquisitions, was 2.8% below, 1.9% above and 3.8% above our historical first, second and third quarter of 2019 levels, respectively. Recent agreements associated with our Professional Laboratory Services offerings contributed 5.2%, 5.8% and 5.2% volume growth compared to 2019 for the first, second and third quarters of 2021, respectively. Unless there is a change in the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that there will be a continued return to healthcare with, in some cases, patients pursuing care delayed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we experienced growing demand for COVID-19 testing services and we expanded our capacity throughout 2020 in order to satisfy the demand, which has had a significant impact on our testing volumes. During 2021, demand for our COVID-19 testing has generally fluctuated in line with changes in the prevalence of the virus and related variants. We expect demand to trend down through the remainder of 2021.
Additionally, our revenue per requisition has been positively impacted by COVID-19 molecular testing. In April 2020 the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS") announced that it would increase the reimbursement for certain COVID-19 molecular tests making use of high-throughput technologies developed by the private sector that allow for increased testing capacity, faster results, and more effective means of combating the spread of the virus to $100 per test, effective April 14, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, Medicare changed the base reimbursement rate for COVID-19 diagnostic tests run on high-throughput technologies to $75 per test with an additional payment of $25 per test if the laboratory (1) completes the test in two calendar days or less and (2) completes the majority of its COVID-19 tests that use high throughput technology in two calendar days or less for all of its patients in the previous month. Certain healthcare insurers have now moved to a similar reimbursement model for COVID-19 molecular tests.
We believe the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows will be primarily driven by: the severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic; healthcare insurer, government, and client payer reimbursement rates for COVID-19 molecular testing; the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the U.S. healthcare system and the U.S. economy; and the timing, scope and effectiveness of federal, state and local governmental responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact of vaccination efforts. We may also be impacted by changes in the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic at different times in the various cities and regions where we operate and offer services. Even as the COVID-19 pandemic moderates over time and the business and social distancing restrictions ease, we may continue to experience similar effects to our businesses, consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows. In the longer term, given the many challenges that hospitals will face, we may have more opportunities to partner with hospitals to help achieve their laboratory strategies, and the COVID-19 pandemic may also be a further catalyst for consolidation in the laboratory testing industry.
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Acquisition of the Outreach Laboratory Services Business of Mercy Health
On June 1, 2021, we completed the acquisition of the outreach laboratory services business of Mercy Health, which serves providers and patients in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma, in an all-cash transaction for $225 million. The acquired business is included in our DIS business.
For further details, see Note 4 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Sale of Ownership Interest in Q2 Solutions® ("Q2 Solutions") to IQVIA Holdings, Inc. ("IQVIA")
On April 1, 2021, we sold our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions, our clinical trials central laboratory services joint venture, to IQVIA, our joint venture partner, for $760 million in an all-cash transaction. The sales price is subject to customary post-closing adjustments. Prior to the transaction, we accounted for our minority interest as an equity method investment. As a result of the transaction, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $314 million pre-tax gain in other income, net in the consolidated statement of operations based on the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying value of the investment, including $20 million of cumulative translation losses which were previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we also recorded $55 million of income tax expense related to the gain, consisting of $127 million of current income tax expense, partially offset by $72 million of deferred income tax benefit.
Under a multi-year agreement, we will remain the strategic preferred laboratory provider for Q2 Solutions' clients, providing a range of lab testing capabilities to augment Q2 Solutions' core offerings and extend its industry leading suite of services.
For further details, see Note 5 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreements ("ASRs")
In April 2021, we entered into ASRs with several financial institutions to repurchase $1.5 billion of our common stock as part of our share repurchase program. Each of the ASRs was structured to permit us to purchase shares immediately with the final purchase price of those shares determined by the volume-weighted average price of our common stock during the repurchase period, less a fixed discount. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we paid $1.5 billion to the financial institutions and received 9.1 million shares of our common stock, at an initial price of $132.27 per share for a value of $1.2 billion, which represents 80% of the total value of shares to be repurchased under the ASRs. The ASR contracts will be completed during the fourth quarter of 2021.
For further details regarding the ASRs and our repurchases of our common stock, see Note 9 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Medicare Sequestration
In April 2021, the suspension of Medicare sequestration, which has resulted in a small benefit to us in the form of higher reimbursement rates for diagnostic testing services performed on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, was extended through the end of 2021.
Invigorate Program
We are engaged in a multi-year program called Invigorate, which is designed to reduce our cost structure and improve our performance. We currently aim annually to deliver savings of approximately 3% of our costs.
Invigorate has consisted of several flagship programs, with structured plans in each, to drive savings and improve performance across the customer value chain. These flagship programs include: organization excellence; information technology excellence; procurement excellence; field and customer service excellence; lab excellence; and revenue services excellence. In addition to these programs, we have identified key themes to change how we operate including reducing denials and patient price concessions; further digitizing our business; standardization and automation; and optimization initiatives in our lab network and patient service center network. We believe that our efforts to standardize our information technology systems, equipment and data also foster our efforts to strengthen our foundation for growth and support the value creation initiatives of our clinical franchises by enhancing our operational flexibility, empowering and enhancing the customer experience, facilitating the delivery of actionable insights and bolstering our large data platform.
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we incurred $47 million of pre-tax charges under our Invigorate program primarily consisting of systems conversion and integration costs, all of which result in cash expenditures. Additional restructuring charges may be incurred in future periods as we identify additional opportunities to achieve further cost savings.
Critical Accounting Policies
There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies from those disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Impact of New Accounting Standards
The adoption of new accounting standards, if any, is discussed in Note 2 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
The impact of recent accounting pronouncements not yet effective on our consolidated financial statements, if any, is also discussed in Note 2 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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Results of Operations
The following tables set forth certain results of operations data for the periods presented:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | % Change | 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIS business | $ | 2,703 | $ | 2,709 | $ | (6) | (0.2) | % | $ | 7,820 | $ | 6,217 | $ | 1,603 | 25.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS businesses | 71 | 77 | (6) | (8.0) | 224 | 218 | 6 | 2.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | $ | 2,774 | $ | 2,786 | $ | (12) | (0.4) | % | $ | 8,044 | $ | 6,435 | $ | 1,609 | 25.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses and other operating income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | $ | 1,670 | $ | 1,580 | $ | 90 | 5.6 | % | $ | 4,861 | $ | 4,071 | $ | 790 | 19.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 427 | 396 | 31 | 7.9 | 1,263 | 1,103 | 160 | 14.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 25 | 27 | (2) | (2.8) | 77 | 77 | — | 1.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expense (income), net | — | 65 | (65) | NM | (2) | 8 | (10) | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses, net | $ | 2,122 | $ | 2,068 | $ | 54 | 2.7 | % | $ | 6,199 | $ | 5,259 | $ | 940 | 17.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 652 | $ | 718 | $ | (66) | (9.3) | % | $ | 1,845 | $ | 1,176 | $ | 669 | 56.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | $ | (38) | $ | (42) | $ | 4 | (9.3) | % | $ | (114) | $ | (124) | $ | 10 | (8.0) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 40 | 77 | (37) | NM | 366 | 74 | 292 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-operating income (expense), net | $ | 2 | $ | 35 | $ | (33) | NM | $ | 252 | $ | (50) | $ | 302 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | $ | (153) | $ | (177) | $ | 24 | (14.0) | % | $ | (483) | $ | (269) | $ | (214) | 79.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effective income tax rate | 23.4 | % | 23.7 | % | 23.1 | % | 23.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes | $ | 26 | $ | 15 | $ | 11 | 67.2 | % | $ | 53 | $ | 33 | $ | 20 | 61.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Quest Diagnostics | $ | 505 | $ | 568 | $ | (63) | (11.0) | % | $ | 1,605 | $ | 852 | $ | 753 | 88.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Quest Diagnostics' common stockholders | $ | 4.02 | $ | 4.14 | $ | (0.12) | (2.8) | % | $ | 12.41 | $ | 6.25 | $ | 6.16 | 98.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NM - Not Meaningful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The following table sets forth certain results of operations data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods presented:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIS business | 97.4 | % | 97.2 | % | 97.2 | % | 96.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
| DS businesses | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses and other operating income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 60.2 | % | 56.7 | % | 60.4 | % | 63.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 15.4 | 14.2 | 15.7 | 17.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expense (income), net | — | 2.3 | — | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs and expenses, net | 76.5 | % | 74.2 | % | 77.1 | % | 81.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 23.5 | % | 25.8 | % | 22.9 | % | 18.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating Results
Results for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were affected by certain items that on a net basis increased diluted earnings per share by $0.06 as follows:
•a net pre-tax gain of $41 million (a $42 million gain recorded in other income, net and a $3 million gain recorded in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes, partially offset by $4 million of costs recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses), or $0.25 per diluted share, primarily due to gains associated with changes in the carrying value of our strategic investments, partially offset by costs associated with donations, contributions and other financial support through Quest for Health Equity, our initiative with the Quest Diagnostics Foundation to reduce health disparities in underserved communities; and
•excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation arrangements of $6 million, or $0.04 per diluted share, recorded in income tax expense; partially offset by
•pre-tax amortization expense of $25 million, or $0.15 per diluted share; and
•pre-tax charges of $13 million ($7 million in cost of services and $6 million in selling, general and administrative expenses), or $0.08 per diluted share, primarily associated with systems conversions and integration incurred in connection with further restructuring and integrating our business.
Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were affected by certain items that on a net basis increased diluted earnings per share by $1.50 as follows:
•a pre-tax gain recorded in other income, net of $314 million, or $2.00 per diluted share, on the sale of our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions;
•a net pre-tax gain of $28 million (a $42 million gain recorded in other income, net, partially offset by $9 million of costs recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses, and $5 million of net charges recorded in equity in earnings of equity method investees), or $0.18 per diluted share, primarily due to gains associated with changes in the carrying value of our strategic investments, partially offset by costs associated with donations, contributions and other financial support through Quest for Health Equity, and a non-cash impairment charge to the carrying value of an equity method investment; and
•excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation arrangements of $15 million, or $0.11 per diluted share, recorded in income tax expense; partially offset by
•pre-tax amortization expense of $79 million ($77 million in amortization of intangible assets and $2 million in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes) or $0.46 per diluted share;
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•pre-tax charges of $51 million ($26 million in cost of services and $25 million in selling, general and administrative expenses), or $0.30 per diluted share, primarily associated with systems conversions and integration incurred in connection with further restructuring and integrating our business; and
•pre-tax charges of $4 million in cost of services, or $0.03 per diluted share, representing the impact of certain items resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic including incremental costs incurred to protect the health and safety of our employees and customers.
For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, diluted earnings per share benefited from the impact of the ASRs on our weighted average shares outstanding as compared to the prior year periods.
Results for the three months ended September 30, 2020 were affected by certain items that on a net basis reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.17 as follows:
•net pre-tax charges of $69 million (charges of $65 million in other operating expense (income), net, $3 million in cost of services and $1 million in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes), or $0.39 per diluted share, representing the impact of certain items resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, including the reversal of $65 million of income previously recognized during the second quarter of 2020 attributable to the receipt of funds from the government that were appropriated to healthcare providers under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") and, to a lesser extent, incremental costs incurred primarily to protect the health and safety of our employees and customers;
•pre-tax amortization expense of $30 million ($27 million in amortization of intangible assets and $3 million in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes) or $0.16 per diluted share; and
•pre-tax charges of $18 million ($11 million in cost of services and $7 million in selling, general and administrative expenses), or $0.10 per diluted share, representing costs primarily associated with systems conversions and integration incurred in connection with further restructuring and integrating our business; partially offset by
•a pre-tax gain of $70 million, or $0.46 per diluted share, recognized in other income, net based on the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of an equity interest; and
•excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation arrangements of $3 million, or $0.02 per diluted share, recorded in income tax expense.
Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were affected by certain items that on a net basis reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.44 as follows:
•pre-tax amortization expense of $86 million ($77 million in amortization of intangible assets and $9 million in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes) or $0.47 per diluted share;
•pre-tax charges of $52 million ($38 million of charges in cost of services, $8 million of charges in selling, general and administrative expenses and $8 million of charges in other operating expense (income), net, partially offset by a $2 million gain in equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes), or $0.29 per diluted share, representing the impact of certain items resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, principally including expense associated with a one-time payment to eligible employees to help offset expenses they incurred as a result of COVID-19, certain asset impairment charges, and incremental costs incurred primarily to protect the health and safety of our employees and customers; and
•pre-tax charges of $43 million ($21 million in cost of services and $22 million in selling, general and administrative expenses), or $0.25 per diluted share, primarily associated with systems conversions and integration incurred in connection with further restructuring and integrating our business; partially offset by
•a pre-tax gain of $70 million, or $0.46 per diluted share, recognized in other income, net based on the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of an equity interest; and
•excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation arrangements of $15 million, or $0.11 per diluted share, recorded in income tax expense.
Net Revenues
Net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased by 0.4% compared to the prior year period.
DIS revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased by 0.2% compared to the prior year period. For the three months ended September 30, 2021:
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•Acquisitions contributed approximately 1.5% to DIS revenue with organic revenue (revenue excluding the impact of recent acquisitions) down by 1.7% compared to the prior year period. The decrease in organic revenue was driven by a decrease in COVID-19 molecular testing, partially offset by growth in the base business.
•Revenues in the base business (including the impact of recent acquisitions) increased by 14.3% compared to the prior year period, which was negatively impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to historical levels in the third quarter of 2019, revenues in the base business, excluding revenue associated with recent acquisitions, increased by 1.7%. Recent agreements associated with our Professional Laboratory Services offerings contributed 2.3% revenue growth compared to 2019.
•DIS volume increased by 5.3% with organic volume and acquisitions contributing approximately 3.2% and 2.1%, respectively. Organic volume growth was driven by growth in the base business, partially offset by a decrease in volume associated with COVID-19 molecular testing.
•Testing volume in the base business (including the impact of recent acquisitions) continued to recover and was up 13.6% compared to the prior year period, which was negatively impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to historical levels in the third quarter of 2019, testing volume in the base business, excluding volume associated with recent acquisitions, increased 3.8%. Recent agreements associated with our Professional Laboratory Services offerings contributed 5.2% volume growth compared to 2019.
•Revenue per requisition decreased by 5.4% compared to the prior year period driven in large part by the decrease in COVID-19 molecular testing and growth in our Professional Laboratory Services engagements, which carry a lower revenue per requisition than the average for the remainder of the DIS business.
Net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased by 25.0% compared to the prior year period.
DIS revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased by 25.8% compared to the prior year period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021:
•Organic revenue and acquisitions contributed approximately 23.6% and 2.2%, respectively, to DIS revenue growth compared to the prior year period. Organic revenue growth was driven by growth in the base business and demand for COVID-19 molecular testing.
•Revenues in the base business (including the impact of recent acquisitions) increased by 24.2% compared to the prior year period, which was negatively impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to historical levels in the first nine months of 2019, revenues in the base business, excluding revenue associated with recent acquisitions, increased by 0.1%. Recent agreements associated with our Professional Laboratory Services offerings contributed 2.3% revenue growth compared to 2019.
•DIS volume increased by 22.9% with organic volume and acquisitions contributing approximately 19.2% and 3.7%, respectively. Organic volume growth was driven by growth in the base business and, to a lesser extent, demand for COVID-19 molecular testing.
•Testing volume in the base business (including the impact of recent acquisitions) continued to recover and was up 22.6% compared to the prior year period, which was negatively impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to historical levels in the first nine months of 2019, testing volume in the base business, excluding volume associated with recent acquisitions, increased by 1.0%. Recent agreements associated with our Professional Laboratory Services offerings contributed 5.4% volume growth compared to 2019.
•Revenue per requisition increased by 2.2% compared to the prior year period driven, in large part, by COVID-19 molecular testing, partially offset by growth in our Professional Laboratory Services engagements, which carry a lower revenue per requisition than the average for the remainder of the DIS business.
Cost of Services
Cost of services consists principally of costs for obtaining, transporting and testing specimens as well as facility costs used for the delivery of our services.
For the three months ended September 30, 2021, cost of services increased by $90 million compared to the prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by higher compensation and benefit costs, higher variable expenses related to increased testing volumes, expense associated with a payment to eligible employees to help offset expenses they incurred as a result of COVID-19, and additional operating costs associated with our acquisitions, partially offset by lower supplies expense as a result of test mix.
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, cost of services increased by $790 million compared to the prior year period. The increase was primarily driven by higher variable expenses related to increased testing volumes as well as test mix and a higher supply cost associated with COVID-19 testing, higher compensation and benefits costs, and, to a lesser extent, additional operating costs associated with our acquisitions.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses ("SG&A")
SG&A consist principally of the costs associated with our sales and marketing efforts, billing operations, credit loss expense and general management and administrative support as well as administrative facility costs.
SG&A increased by $31 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by higher variable expenses to support our increase in testing volumes, partially offset by lower performance-based compensation.
SG&A increased by $160 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by higher variable expenses to support our increase in testing volumes.
Amortization Expense
For the three months ended September 30, 2021, amortization expense decreased by $2 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, amortization expense was flat compared to the prior year period.
Other Operating Expense (Income), Net
Other operating expense (income), net includes miscellaneous income and expense items and other charges related to operating activities.
For the three months ended September 30, 2020, other operating expense (income), net primarily represents the reversal of $65 million of income that was previously recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2020 relating to the receipt of funds that were appropriated to healthcare providers under the CARES Act.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, other operating expense (income), net primarily represents impairment charges due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to lower average outstanding indebtedness.
Interest expense, net decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to lower average outstanding indebtedness and, to a lesser extent, lower interest rates due to recent refinancing transactions, including the termination of our interest rate swap agreements in April 2020, which resulted in a deferred gain that is being amortized as a reduction of interest expense, net over the remaining term of the associated debt.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net represents miscellaneous income and expense items related to non-operating activities, such as gains and losses associated with investments and other non-operating assets.
For the three months ended September 30, 2021, other income, net includes $42 million in gains associated with changes in the carrying value of our strategic investments. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, other income, net includes a $70 million gain recognized as a result of the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest in Mid America Clinical Laboratories, LLC ("MACL") to fair value in conjunction with our acquisition of the remaining 56% interest in MACL from our joint venture partners.
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, other income, net includes a $314 million pre-tax gain on the sale of our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions, our clinical trials central laboratory services joint venture, to IQVIA, our joint venture partner and $42 million in gains associated with changes in the carrying value of our strategic investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, other income, net includes a $70 million gain recognized as a result of the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest in MACL.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $153 million and $177 million, respectively. The decrease in income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period was primarily driven by a decrease in income before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity method investees.
For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the effective income tax rate was 23.4% and 23.7%, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021, benefited from a $6 million income tax benefit associated with changes in reserves for uncertain tax positions, and $6 million of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020, benefited from a lower effective income tax rate, 11.8%, associated with a $70 million gain recognized as a result of the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest in MACL to fair value, and $3 million of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation.
Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $483 million and $269 million, respectively. The increase in income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period was primarily driven by an increase in income before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity method investees.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the effective income tax rate was 23.1% and 23.9%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the effective income tax rate benefited from a lower effective income tax rate, 17.6%, on the gain on the sale of our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effective income tax rate benefited from a lower effective income tax rate, 11.8%, associated with a $70 million gain recognized as a result of the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest in MACL to fair value. In addition, the effective income tax rate benefited from $15 million of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation arrangements for both the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
Equity in Earnings of Equity Method Investees, Net of Taxes
Equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes increased for the three months ended September 30, 2021 by $11 million compared to the prior year period primarily due to recovery in the base business (which excludes COVID-19 testing) of the investees, which was negatively impacted in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and demand for COVID-19 testing services.
Equity in earnings of equity method investees, net of taxes increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 by $20 million compared to the prior year period primarily due to the demand for COVID-19 testing services and recovery in the base business of the investees, partially offset by lower equity earnings as a result of the sale of our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We address our exposure to market risks, principally the risk of changes in interest rates, through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative financial instruments. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. We seek to mitigate the variability in cash outflows that result from changes in interest rates by maintaining a balanced mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt obligations. In order to achieve this objective, we have historically entered into interest rate swap agreements. Interest rate swap agreements involve the periodic exchange of payments without the exchange of underlying principal or notional amounts. Net settlements are recognized as an adjustment to interest expense, net. We believe that our exposures to foreign exchange impacts and changes in commodity prices are not material to our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of our debt was estimated at approximately $4.5 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively, principally using quoted prices in active markets and yields for the same or similar types of borrowings, taking into account the underlying terms of the debt instruments. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value of the debt by $461 million and $597 million,
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respectively. A hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates (representing 21 basis points as of September 30, 2021 and 17 basis points as of December 31, 2020) would potentially reduce the estimated fair value of our debt by approximately $86 million and $82 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Borrowings under our secured receivables credit facility and our senior unsecured revolving credit facility are subject to variable interest rates. Interest on our secured receivables credit facility is based on either commercial paper rates for highly rated issuers, or LIBOR, plus a spread. As of September 30, 2021, interest on our senior unsecured revolving credit facility is based on certain published rates plus an applicable margin based on changes in our public debt ratings and our leverage ratio. As such, our borrowing cost under this credit arrangement is subject to fluctuations in interest rates, our leverage ratio and changes in our public debt ratings. As of September 30, 2021, the borrowing rates under these debt instruments were: for our secured receivables credit facility, commercial paper rates for highly-rated issuers or LIBOR, plus a spread of 0.825% to 0.950%; and for our senior unsecured revolving credit facility, LIBOR plus 1.125%. During October 2021, we amended the secured receivables credit facility and the borrowing rates are based on commercial paper rates for highly rated issuers, or, LIBOR, plus a spread, following the amendment, of 0.725% to 0.80%. As of September 30, 2021, there were no borrowings outstanding under either our $600 million secured receivables credit facility or our $750 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility. The amendment to the secured receivables credit facility did not change the total borrowing capacity under the facility.
A hypothetical 10% change to the variable rate component of our variable rate indebtedness would not materially change our annual interest expense.
For further details regarding our outstanding debt, see Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For details regarding our financial instruments and hedging activities, see Note 8 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements and Note 15 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Risk Associated with Investment Portfolio
Our investment portfolio primarily includes equity investments comprised mostly of strategic holdings in companies concentrated in the life sciences and healthcare industries. Equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheet. Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values (which consist of investments in preferred and common shares of private companies) are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, certain of our equity investments became publicly-traded and, based on the readily determinable fair values of such investments, we recognized gains of $42 million in other income, net in our consolidated statement of operations.
We regularly evaluate equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values to determine if there are any indicators that the investments are impaired. The carrying value of our equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values was $6 million as of September 30, 2021.
We do not hedge our equity price risk. As of September 30, 2021, a 10% change in the fair values of our equity investments with readily determinable fair values would have impacted our consolidated statement of operations by $5 million. The impact of an adverse movement in equity prices on our holdings in privately held companies cannot be easily quantified, as our ability to realize returns on investments depends on, among other things, the enterprises’ ability to raise additional capital or derive cash inflows from continuing operations or through liquidity events such as initial public offerings, mergers or private sales.
In conjunction with the preparation of our September 30, 2021 financial statements, we considered whether the carrying values of our investments were impaired and concluded that no such impairment existed.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 1,752 | $ | 1,464 | $ | 288 | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 248 | (604) | 852 | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (2,171) | (447) | (1,724) | ||||||||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | (171) | $ | 413 | $ | (584) | |||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly-liquid short-term investments. Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2021 totaled $987 million, compared to $1,158 million as of December 31, 2020.
As of September 30, 2021, approximately 5% of our $987 million of consolidated cash and cash equivalents were held outside of the United States.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $1,752 million and $1,464 million, respectively. The $288 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the prior year period was primarily a result of:
•higher operating income in 2021 as compared to 2020; and, to a lesser extent,
•the timing of movements in our working capital accounts; partially offset by
•a $354 million increase in income tax payments due to higher operating income in 2021 as compared to 2020;
•higher performance-based compensation payments in 2021 compared to 2020; and
•$138 million in proceeds in the 2020 period that we received from funds that were appropriated to healthcare providers under the CARES Act, which funds were returned during the fourth quarter of 2020.
Days sales outstanding ("DSO"), a measure of billing and collection efficiency, was 47 days as of September 30, 2021, 46 days as of December 31, 2020 and 47 days as of September 30, 2020. Recent changes in our DSO are partially due to fluctuations in our monthly revenue due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $248 million and $(604) million, respectively. This $852 million change in cash provided by (used in) investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the prior year period was primarily a result of $755 million of net cash proceeds received from the sale of our 40% ownership interest in Q2 Solutions, and, to a lesser extent, a $78 million decrease in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $2,171 million and $447 million, respectively. This $1,724 million increase in cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the prior year period was primarily a result of:
•a $1,835 million increase in repurchases of our common stock (see "Share Repurchase Program" for further details); and, to a lesser extent,
•a $41 million increase in distributions to noncontrolling interest partners; and
•a $36 million decrease in proceeds from the exercise of stock options, which was a result of a decrease in the volume of stock options exercised compared to the prior year; partially offset by
•$253 million of net debt repayments (repayments of debt less proceeds from borrowings) in 2020 compared to $2 million of net debt repayments in 2021.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, there were no borrowings or repayments under our secured receivables credit facility or senior unsecured revolving credit facility.
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we completed the issuance of our 2.80% senior notes due June 2031. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we redeemed in full the outstanding indebtedness under our senior notes due January 2020 and senior notes due March 2020 using net proceeds from the issuance, in December 2019, of our 2.95% senior notes due June 2030, along with cash on hand. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we borrowed $100 million under our secured receivables credit facility and $100 million under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility, which were repaid prior to September 30, 2020.
Dividend Program
During each of the first three quarters of 2021, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.62 per common share. During each of the four quarters of 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.56 per common share.
Share Repurchase Program
In each of February and March 2021, our Board of Directors increased the size of our share repurchase program by $1 billion. As of September 30, 2021, $1.3 billion remained available under our share repurchase authorization. The share repurchase authorization has no set expiration or termination date.
Share Repurchases
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we repurchased 12.5 million shares of our common stock for a value of $1.6 billion, including 9.1 million shares repurchased under ASRs. See "Third Quarter Highlights" above for further details.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we repurchased 0.7 million shares of our common stock for $75 million.
Equity Method Investees
Our equity method investees primarily consist of a diagnostic information services joint venture and an investment in a fund that purchases strategic holdings in private companies in the healthcare industry. Such investees are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Our investment in equity method investees is less than 5% of our consolidated total assets. Our proportionate share of income before income taxes associated with our equity method investees is less than 5% of our consolidated income before income taxes and equity in earnings of equity method investees. We have no material unconditional obligations or guarantees to, or in support of, our equity method investees and their operations.
In conjunction with the preparation of our September 30, 2021 financial statements, we considered whether the carrying values of our equity method investments were impaired and, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded an $8 million impairment charge for one of the investments.
For further details regarding related party transactions with our equity method investees, see Note 20 to the audited consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Requirements and Capital Resources
We estimate that we will invest approximately $400 million during 2021 for capital expenditures, to support and grow our existing operations, principally related to investments in information technology, laboratory equipment and facilities, including COVID-19 testing equipment and completion of our new multi-year laboratory construction in New Jersey, and investments in our advanced diagnostics and consumer growth strategies.
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Together with the Quest Diagnostics Foundation, during 2020 we launched a multi-year initiative to reduce health disparities in underserved communities, including those impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of this initiative, we plan to offer testing services and fund a range of initiatives estimated to total more than $100 million aimed at improving access to testing and awareness of the value of diagnostic insights in managing overall health.
As of September 30, 2021, we had $1.3 billion of borrowing capacity available under our existing credit facilities, including $530 million available under our secured receivables credit facility and $750 million available under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility. There were no borrowings under these credit facilities as of September 30, 2021. In support of our risk management program, $70 million in letters of credit under the secured receivables credit facility were outstanding as of September 30, 2021. The secured receivables credit facility includes a $250 million loan commitment which matures in October 2022, and a $250 million loan commitment and a $100 million letter of credit facility which matures in October 2023. The senior unsecured revolving credit facility matures in March 2023. For further details regarding our credit facilities, see Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Note 15 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Our secured receivables credit facility is subject to customary affirmative and negative covenants, and certain financial covenants with respect to the receivables that comprise the borrowing base and secure the borrowings under the facility. Our senior unsecured revolving credit facility is also subject to certain financial covenants and limitations on indebtedness. As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all such applicable financial covenants.
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents and cash from operations, together with our borrowing capacity under our credit facilities, will provide sufficient financial flexibility to fund seasonal and other working capital requirements, capital expenditures, debt service requirements and other obligations, cash dividends on common shares, share repurchases and additional growth opportunities for the foreseeable future. However, should it become necessary, we believe that our credit profile should provide us with access to additional financing in order to fund normal business operations, make interest payments, fund growth opportunities and satisfy upcoming debt maturities.
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Forward-Looking Statements
Some statements and disclosures in this document are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include all statements that do not relate solely to historical or current facts and can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “believe,” “will,” “expect,” “project,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “plan” or “continue.” These forward-looking statements are based on our current plans and expectations and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause our plans and expectations, including actual results, to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that may affect our future results include, but are not limited to, impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures taken in response, adverse results from pending or future government investigations, lawsuits or private actions, the competitive environment, the complexity of billing, reimbursement and revenue recognition for clinical laboratory testing, changes in government regulations, changing relationships with customers, payers, suppliers and strategic partners and other factors discussed in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including those discussed in the “Business,” “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Factors that May Affect Future Results” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections of those reports.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
See Item 2. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
During the third quarter of 2021, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Note 11 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements for information regarding the status of legal proceedings involving the Company.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
The IT systems that we rely on may be subject to unauthorized tampering, cyberattack or other security breach
Our IT systems have been and are subject to potential cyberattacks, tampering or other security breaches. These attacks, if successful, could result in shutdowns or significant disruptions of our IT systems and/or in unauthorized persons exfiltrating and misappropriating intellectual property and other confidential information, including patient and employee data that we collect, transmit and store on and through our IT systems.
External actors may develop and deploy viruses, other malicious software programs, ransomware attacks, distributed denial of service attacks or other attempts to harm or obtain unauthorized access to our systems. External actors may also deploy programs targeting our employees which are designed to attack our IT systems or otherwise exploit security vulnerabilities through programs such as electronic spamming, phishing, smishing, spear phishing or similar tactics. As a result of the difficulty in detecting many of these attacks, intrusions and breaches, failures or losses may be repeated or compounded before they are discovered or rectified, which could further increase these costs and consequences.
Although the Company has robust security measures implemented, which are monitored and routinely tested both by internal resources and external parties, cyber threats against us continue to evolve and may not be recognized until after an incident. In August 2021, ReproSource, our subsidiary, experienced a data security incident in which an unauthorized party may have accessed or acquired protected health information and personally identifiable information of ReproSource patients (in connection with the incident, ReproSource discovered and contained ransomware). The Company’s other systems were not impacted or compromised by this incident. The attacks we have experienced have not materially disrupted, interrupted, damaged or shutdown the Company's IT systems, or materially disrupted the Company's performance of its business, but the mitigation or remediation efforts that we undertake may require expenditures of significant resources and divert the attention of management. There can be no assurance that the Company can anticipate all evolving future attacks, viruses or intrusions, implement adequate preventative measures, or remediate any security vulnerabilities. If our IT systems are successfully attacked, it could result in major disruption of our business, compromise confidential information, and result in litigation and potential liability for the Company, government investigation, significant damage to our reputation or otherwise adversely affect our business.
In addition, third parties to whom we outsource certain of our services or functions, or with whom we interface, store or process confidential patient and employee data or other confidential information, as well as those third parties’ providers, are also subject to the risks outlined above. For example, in June 2019, the Company reported that Retrieval-Masters Creditors Bureau, Inc./American Medical Collection Agency (“AMCA”), informed the Company about a data security incident involving AMCA. AMCA, which provided debt collection services for a company that provides revenue management services to the Company, informed the Company in May 2019 that AMCA had learned that an unauthorized user had access to AMCA’s system during 2018 and 2019. AMCA’s affected system included financial, medical and other personal information. The Company’s systems or databases were not involved in this incident. A breach or attack affecting third parties with whom we engage could also harm our business, results of operations and reputation and subject us to liability.
We have taken, and continue to take, precautionary measures to reduce the risk of, and detect and respond to, future cyber threats, and prevent or minimize vulnerabilities in our IT systems, including the loss or theft of intellectual property, patient and employee data or other confidential information that we obtain and store on our systems. We also have taken, and will continue to take, measures to assess the cybersecurity protections used by third parties to whom we outsource certain of our services or functions, or with whom we interface, store or process confidential patient and employee data or other confidential information. In addition, we collaborate with government agencies regarding potential cyber threats and have worked with firms that have cyber security expertise to evaluate our systems and the attacks we experience and strengthen our systems. There can be no assurances that our precautionary measures or measures used by our third party providers will prevent, contain or successfully defend against cyber or information security threats that could have a significant impact on our business, results of operations and reputation and subject us to liability.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The table below sets forth the information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company of its common stock during the third quarter of 2021.
| ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| July 1, 2021 – July 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Repurchase Program (A) | — | $ | — | — | $ | 1,306,502 | (C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee Transactions (B) | — | $ | — | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 1, 2021 – August 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Repurchase Program (A) | — | $ | — | — | $ | 1,306,502 | (C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee Transactions (B) | 864 | $ | 149.69 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 1, 2021 – September 30, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Repurchase Program (A) | — | $ | — | — | $ | 1,306,502 | (C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee Transactions (B) | — | $ | — | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Repurchase Program (A) | — | $ | — | — | $ | 1,306,502 | (C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee Transactions (B) | 864 | $ | 149.69 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(A)Since the share repurchase program’s inception in May 2003, our Board of Directors has authorized $11 billion of share repurchases of our common stock through September 30, 2021. The share repurchase authorization has no set expiration or termination date. In each of February and March 2021, the Company's Board of Directors increased the size of its share repurchase program by $1 billion.
(B)Includes: (1) shares delivered or attested to in satisfaction of the exercise price and/or tax withholding obligations by holders of stock options (granted under the Company’s Amended and Restated Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan) who exercised options; and (2) shares withheld (under the terms of grants under the Amended and Restated Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan) to offset tax withholding obligations that occur upon the delivery of outstanding common shares underlying restricted stock units and performance share units.
(C)Does not include $300 million of the $1.5 billion second quarter 2021 payment associated with the April 2021 accelerated share repurchase agreements ("ASRs"), which represents 20% percent of the total initial value of shares expected to be repurchased under the ASRs during the fourth quarter of 2021. See Note 9 to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the ASRs.
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Item 6.Exhibits
Exhibits:
| 10.1 | |||||
| 10.2 | |||||
| 22 | |||||
| 31.1 | |||||
| 31.2 | |||||
| 32.1 | |||||
| 32.2 | |||||
| 99.1 | |||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | ||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document - dgx-20210930.xsd | ||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document - dgx-20210930_cal.xml | ||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document - dgx-20210930_def.xml | ||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document - dgx-20210930_lab.xml | ||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document - dgx-20210930_pre.xml | ||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | ||||
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
October 22, 2021
Quest Diagnostics Incorporated
| By | /s/ Stephen H. Rusckowski | ||||
| Stephen H. Rusckowski | |||||
| Chairman, Chief Executive Officer | |||||
| and President | |||||
| By | /s/ Mark J. Guinan | ||||
| Mark J. Guinan | |||||
| Executive Vice President and | |||||
| Chief Financial Officer | |||||
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