PVLA · Palvella Therapeutics, Inc. · Insider Trading

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $126.13 to $127.12, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $124.99 to $125.84, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $121.90 to $122.8795, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $123.91 to $124.89, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $120.7075 to $121.63, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $122.903 to $123.8032, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $132.07 to $133.045, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $131.07 to $132.05, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $128.915 to $129.83, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $127.91 to $128.865, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $133.11 to $134.03, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $130.00 to $130.855, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $132.91 to $133.9078, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $135.9387 to $136.8346, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $131.91 to $132.9064, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $134.9283 to $135.8712, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $133.9184 to $134.9182, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $151.77 to $152.76, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $152.78 to $153.71, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $150.755 to $151.74, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $151.16 to $151.65, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $148.90 to $149.50, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $150.0525 to $151.0225, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $151.80 to $152.70, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $152.88 to $153.34, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $150.80 to $151.785, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $151.23 to $152.09, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $152.42 to $153.30, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on June 12, 2026. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

Any profit required to be disgorged under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with respect to an aggregate of 445 shares sold in the transactions reported on this Form 4 will be disgorged to the Issuer pursuant to applicable requirements.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $150.23 to $151.18, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The reported number of shares has been adjusted to reflect the impact of the Issuer's 1-for-80 reverse stock split, which became effective on April 23, 2024.

The reported number of shares has been adjusted to reflect the impact of the Issuer's 1-for-80 reverse stock split, which became effective on April 23, 2024.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $151.665 to $152.47, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $155.58 to $155.59, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $152.93 to $153.20, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $150.62 to $151.445, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $148.79 to $149.765, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. The shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $146.77 to $147.73, inclusive. The Reporting Person undertakes to provide to the Issuer, any security holder of the Issuer or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price at which the transactions were effected.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.

The transactions reported by the Reporting Person were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted on August 19, 2025. The plan was adopted during an open trading window, at a time when the Reporting Person was not in possession of material non-public information and was reviewed and approved in accordance with the Issuer's Insider Trading Policy. The Issuer's officers and directors from time to time utilize trading plans to transact in its securities for reasons such as satisfying vesting-related income tax requirements, investment diversification, or other personal reasons.

The stock option is fully vested.