Cps Technologies Corp S-3, filed Apr 20, 2021
Cps Technologies Corp (CPSH)
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 20, 2021.
Registration Statement No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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04-2832509 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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111 South Worcester Street Norton, MA 02766 (508) 222-0614 |
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Grant C. Bennett
President and Chief Executive Officer
c/o CPS Technologies Corp.
111 South Worcester Street
Norton, MA 02766
(508) 222-0614
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With copies to:
Thomas B. Rosedale, Esq.
BRL Law Group LLC
380 Washington Street, 2nd Floor
Wellesley, MA 02481
(617) 399-6931 (telephone number)
(617) 399-6930 (facsimile number)
From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
(Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public)
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ¨
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |
| Non-accelerated filer | x | Smaller reporting company | x | |
| Emerging growth company | ¨ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. ¨
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered | Amount to be Registered (1) | Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit (3) | Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (3) | Amount of Registration Fee (2) | |||||||||||||||
| Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | -- | ||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share | |||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rights | |||||||||||||||||||
| Units (4) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ 75,000,000 | $ 75,000,000(5) | $ 8,183.00 | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) | There are being registered under this registration statement such indeterminate number of shares of common stock; such indeterminate number of shares of preferred stock; such indeterminate number of rights to purchase common stock; such indeterminate number of warrants to purchase common stock and/or units; and such indeterminate number of units as may be sold by the registrant from time to time, which together shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $75,000,000. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered hereunder also include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issuable upon exercise of warrants. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the shares being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends, or similar transactions. |
| (2) | The registration fee has been calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act. |
| (3) | Not required to be included in accordance with General Instruction II.D. of Form S-3. |
| (4) | Each unit will represent an interest in common stock and warrants, which may or may not be separable from one another.
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| (5) | No separate consideration will be received for shares of common stock that are issued upon exercise of common stock warrants registered in the offering hereunder. The aggregate maximum offering price of all securities issued by the registrant pursuant to this registration statement will not exceed $75,000,000. |
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), shall determine.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This registration statement contains two prospectuses:
(1) A base prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale of such indeterminate number of shares of common stock, such indeterminate number of shares of preferred stock, such indeterminate number of rights to purchase common stock, such indeterminate number of warrants and rights to purchase common stock, and such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and warrants to purchase common stock, which together shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $75,000,000; and
(2) An at the market sales agreement prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale by CPS Technologies Corp. of up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $25,000,000 of CPS Technologies Corp.’s common stock that may be offered, issued and sold from time to time pursuant to an At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated , with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC.
The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement, including the sales agreement prospectus, to the base prospectus.
The sales agreement prospectus immediately follows the base prospectus. The common stock that may be offered, issued and sold by CPS Technologies Corp. under the sales agreement prospectus is included in the $75,000,000 of securities that may be offered, issued and sold by CPS Technologies Corp. under the base prospectus. Upon termination of the sales agreement with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, any portion of the $25,000,000 included in the sales agreement prospectus that is not sold pursuant to the sales agreement will be available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and a corresponding prospectus supplement, and if no shares are sold under the sales agreement, the full $75,000,000 of securities not sold may be sold in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and a corresponding prospectus supplement.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion, dated April 20, 2021
PROSPECTUS
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
$75,000,000
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Rights
Units
We may offer and sell, from time to time in one or more offerings, up to $75,000,000 in the aggregate of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, rights and units, in any combination. We intend to use the proceeds, if any, for general corporate purposes unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities offered. Each time we offer and sell securities, we will file a prospectus supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the offering and, if applicable, the amounts, prices and terms of the securities. Such supplements may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities. This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
We may offer and sell the securities described in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement directly to our stockholders or to other purchasers or through agents on our behalf or through underwriters or dealers as designated from time to time. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any of these securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will provide the names of the agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commission or discounts.
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “CPSH.” On April 9, 2021, the last reported sales price of our common stock was $11.33 per share.
Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully read and consider the “Risk Factors” commencing on page 4 of this prospectus, in any applicable prospectus supplement relating to a specific offering of securities and in any other documents we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is , 2021.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of $75,000,000.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the securities being offered and the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add to, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” carefully before making an investment decision. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you should rely on the prospectus supplement, provided that if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date — for example, a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement — the statement in the later-dated document modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.
This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials do not contain all of the information included in the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information, we refer you to the registration statement on Form S-3, including its exhibits. We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and, therefore, file reports and other information with the SEC. Statements contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials about the provisions or contents of any agreement or other document are only summaries. If SEC rules require that any agreement or document be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, you should refer to that agreement or document for its complete contents.
This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, certain market and industry data obtained from independent market research, industry publications and surveys, governmental agencies and publicly available information. Industry surveys, publications and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. We believe the data from such third-party sources to be reliable. However, we have not independently verified any of such data and cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness. Similarly, internal market research and industry forecasts, which we believe to be reliable based upon our management’s knowledge of the market and the industry, have not been verified by any independent sources. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the market or industry data presented herein, our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, including the information incorporated by reference herein as described under “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference”, and any free writing prospectus that we prepare and distribute. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
You should assume that the information in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or any other offering materials is only accurate as of the date on its respective cover, and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless otherwise indicated. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since such date.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “CPS,” “the Company,” “our company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar names refer to CPS Technologies Corp.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains our reports, proxy and other information regarding us and other issuers that file electronically with the SEC, at http://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available at our website (www.alsic.com). However, except for our filings with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, the information on our website is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of, or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows “incorporation by reference” into this prospectus of information that we file with the SEC. This permits us to disclose important information to you by referencing these filed documents. Any information referenced this way is considered to be a part of this prospectus and any information filed by us with the SEC subsequent to the date of this prospectus automatically will be deemed to update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the following documents which we have filed with the SEC (excluding any documents or portions of such documents that have been “furnished” but not “filed” for purposes of the Exchange Act):
(1) The Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020, which incorporates by reference certain portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the Registrant’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on March 17, 2021; and
(2) The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on January 13, 2015, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.
We incorporate by reference any filings made by us with the SEC in accordance with Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus and the date all of the securities offered hereby are sold or the offering is otherwise terminated, with the exception of any information furnished under Item 2.02 and Item 7.01 (including any financial statements or exhibits relating thereto furnished pursuant to Item 9.01) of Form 8-K, which is not deemed filed and which is not incorporated by reference herein. Any such filings shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference and to be a part of this prospectus from the respective dates of filing of those documents.
This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided below. Statements in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement at the SEC’s website, as provided above.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, without charge, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus, excluding any exhibits to those documents unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit in this prospectus. You should direct requests for documents to:
CPS Technologies Corp.
Attn: Chief Financial Officer
111 South Worcester Street
Norton, MA 02766
(508) 222-0614
This summary highlights certain information about us and selected information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our common stock. For a more complete understanding of our company, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and the information under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus, beginning on page 4, before making an investment decision.
Overview
CPS Technologies Corp. provides advanced material solutions to the transportation, automotive, energy, computing/internet, telecommunications, aerospace and defense markets. CPS products are important elements in electrifying the green economy.
Our primary material solution is metal matrix composites (MMCs). We design, manufacture and sell custom metal matrix composite components to improve the performance and reliability of systems in the end markets in which we participate.
The Company is an important participant in the growing movement towards alternative energy and green lifestyles. The Company’s products are used in high-speed trains, mass transit, hybrid and electric cars, wind-turbines for electricity generation, routers, switches and fiber optic components for the internet backbone. The Company’s products are used in high reliability communications and power modules for avionics and satellite applications such as the current generation of GPS satellites. The Company also produces housings and heatspreaders for high-performance microprocessors, graphics processing chips, and application-specific integrated circuits. All of these applications involve electrical energy use or energy generation; the Company’s products allow higher performance and improved energy efficiency.
Using its proprietary MMC technology, the Company also produces light-weight vehicle armor, particularly for extreme environments and heavy threat levels.
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a class of materials consisting of a combination of metals and ceramics. Compared to conventional materials, MMCs provide superior improved thermal conductivity, improved thermal expansion matching, greater stiffness and lighter weight. These factors, in particular the lighter weight, are among the reasons CPS parts are on the last two Mars Rovers as well as many satellites.
CPS is a fully qualified manufacturer for many of the world’s largest electronics OEMs.
CPS management believes our business model of providing advanced material solutions to a portfolio of high growth end markets in various stages of the technology adoption lifecycle provides CPS with the opportunity for sustained growth and a diversified customer base. We believe we have validated this model as we are now supplying customers at all stages of the technology adoption lifecycle.
Our products are manufactured by proprietary processes we have developed including the QuicksetTM Injection Molding Process (‘Quickset Process’) and the QuickCastTM Pressure Infiltration Process (‘QuickCast Process’).
CPS was incorporated in Massachusetts in 1984 as Ceramics Process Systems Corporation and reincorporated in Delaware in April 1987 through a merger into a wholly owned Delaware subsidiary organized for purposes of the reincorporation. In July 1987, CPS completed the initial public offering of 1.5 million shares of our Common Stock. In March 2007, the Company changed its name from Ceramics Process Systems Corporation to CPS Technologies Corp.
Our Corporate Information
We maintain our principal executive offices at 111 South Worcester Street, Norton, MA 02766 and our telephone number is (508) 222-0614. Our corporate website address is www.alsic.com. Our website and the information contained on, or that can be accessed through, the website is not incorporated by reference in, and is not part of, this prospectus. You should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our securities.
Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors included in this prospectus, and any updates to those risk factors or new risk factors contained in our subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K, all of which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as the same may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by our filings under the Exchange Act, as well as any prospectus supplement relating to a specific offering or resale. Before making any investment decision, you should carefully consider these risks as well as other information we include or incorporate by reference in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. For more information, see the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Documents by Reference” elsewhere in this prospectus. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition and affect the value of our securities. You could lose all or part of your investment. Additionally, the risks and uncertainties discussed in this prospectus or in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face, and additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this Registration Statement on Form S-3, please carefully consider the risk factors described below. The risks set forth below may not be the only risk factors relating to the Company. Any of these factors, many of which are beyond our control, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flow and stock price.
Business or economic disruptions or global health concerns could seriously harm our business.
Broad-based business, economic disruptions or global health concerns could adversely affect our business and the sale of our products. For example, in December 2019 an outbreak of a novel strain of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China, and has since spread to a number of other countries, including the United States. Initially, this outbreak resulted in extended shutdowns of certain businesses in the Wuhan region and had ripple effects to businesses around the world. Most recently, this disruption has extended to the United States, including to our business. Although the Company has remained open throughout the global pandemic, complete or partial government shutdowns of many businesses, schools, bars and restaurants have occurred. We cannot presently predict the scope and severity of any future business shutdowns or disruptions to us, but if we or any of the third parties with whom we engage, including our customers, suppliers and other third parties with whom we conduct business, were to experience extended shutdowns or other business disruptions, our ability to conduct our business could be materially and negatively impacted, and could have a material adverse effect on our business and our results of operation and financial condition.
A pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease in the United States or worldwide may adversely affect our business.
Our operations expose us to risks associated with pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies, such as the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has spread around the world. Outbreaks such as these have resulted, and can continue to result, in governments around the world implementing increasingly stringent measures to help control the spread, including quarantines, "shelter in place" and "stay at home" orders, travel restrictions, business curtailments, school closures, and other measures. These actions with respect to the COVID-19 outbreak have negatively impacted, and could continue to have negative impacts on, our operations, supply chain, transportation networks, customers and employees. The COVID-19 outbreak could materially and adversely affect us. Any continuing economic downturn as a result of this pandemic could adversely affect, demand for our products, and negatively impact our business or results of operations through the temporary closure of our operating locations or those of our customers or suppliers.
The extent to which COVID-19 may adversely impact our business depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, including new information concerning the severity of the outbreak and the effectiveness of actions globally to contain or mitigate its effects, including the deployment and efficacy of vaccines. While we expect this matter to materially and adversely impact our financial results, the current level of uncertainty over the economic and operational impacts of COVID-19 means the related financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
We have a highly concentrated customer base so that changes in ordering patterns, delays or order cancellations could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Three customers accounted for 73% of revenue in 2020 and 70% of revenue in 2019. We believe that our relationships with these customers are positive and may provide us with ongoing continuous sustainability for years to come, however a large customer, if lost, would be difficult to be replace, and our inability to do so may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We expect that orders from a relatively limited number of customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of our business. The mix and type of customers, and sales to any single customer, may vary significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year. If any of our significant customers do not place orders, or they substantially reduce, delay or cancel orders, we may not be able to replace the business in a timely manner or at all, which can and has had a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Major customers may also seek, and on occasion receive, pricing, payment or other commercial terms that are less favorable to us and can hurt our competitive position.
Our lengthy and variable sales cycle makes it difficult to predict our financial results.
The sales cycle for our products is often lengthy, ranging from several months to several years. In many cases potential customers must evaluate the properties of our product against their current solution, which may not be as robust as the CPS solution, but is often less expensive. In many cases potential customers must redesign other components of the end product they are making to realize the benefits of using our products. The lengthy sales cycle makes forecasting the volume and timing of sales difficult, and raises additional risks that customers may cancel or delay introduction of their end-products into the marketplace, thus affecting our demand. The length of the sales cycle depends on the size and complexity of the project, and the depth of the evaluation of our products conducted by the customers.
Because a significant portion of our operating expenses are fixed, we have and may continue to incur substantial expense before we earn associated revenue. If customer cancellations occur, they could result in the loss of anticipated sales without allowing us sufficient time to reduce our operating expenses.
Our success is highly dependent on managerial contributions of key individuals, including Grant C. Bennett, President and Chief Executive Officer, and we may be unable to retain these individuals or recruit others.
We depend on our senior executives, including Grant C. Bennett, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and certain key managers as well as engineering, research and development, sales, marketing and manufacturing personnel, who are critical to our business. We do not have long-term employment agreements with our key employees. Furthermore, larger competitors may be able to offer more generous compensation packages to our executives and key employees, and therefore we risk losing key personnel to those competitors. If we were to lose the services of any of our key personnel, or if we fail to attract and train qualified personnel, our engineering, product development, manufacturing and sales efforts could be slowed. In particular, we have, from time to time, experienced difficulty in hiring and retaining skilled engineers with appropriate qualifications to support our growth strategy. Our success depends on our ability to identify, hire, train and retain qualified engineering personnel with experience in equipment design. Specifically, we need to continue to attract and retain product development, materials and manufacturing engineers to work with our direct sales force to technically qualify and perform on new sales opportunities and orders, and to demonstrate our products.
We may also incur increased operating expenses, and be required to divert the attention of our senior executives to search for replacements. The integration of any new personnel could disrupt our ongoing operations.
Acquisitions can result in an increase in our operating costs, divert management’s attention away from other operational matters and expose us to other associated risks.
From time to time, we evaluate potential acquisitions of businesses and technologies, and we consider targeted acquisitions that expand our core competencies to be an important part of our future growth strategy. We expect that any acquisitions of other businesses will have synergistic products, services and technologies.
Acquisitions involve numerous risks, which include but are not limited to:
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difficulties and increased costs in connection with the integration of the personnel, operations, technologies, services and products of the acquired companies into our existing facilities and operations; |
| ● | diversion of management’s attention from other operational matters; |
| ● | failure to commercialize the acquired technology; |
| ● | the potential loss of key employees of the acquired companies; |
| ● | lack of synergy, or inability to realize expected synergies, resulting from the acquisitions; |
| ● |
the risk that the issuance of our common stock, if any, in an acquisition or merger could be dilutive to our shareholders; |
| ● | the inability to obtain and protect intellectual property rights in key technologies; and |
| ● |
the acquired assets becoming impaired as a result of technological advancements or worse-than-expected performance of the acquired assets. |
The conditions of the markets in which we operate are volatile. The demand for our products and the profitability of our products can change significantly from period to period as a result of numerous factors.
The industries in which we operate are characterized by ongoing changes, including:
| ● | the availability of funds for research and development; |
| ● | global and regional economic conditions; |
| ● | governmental budgetary and political constraints; and |
| ● | changes in technology. |
For these and other reasons, our results of operations for past periods may not necessarily be indicative of future operating results.
Volatile and cyclical demand for our products may make it difficult for us to accurately budget our expense levels, which are based in part on our projections of future revenues.
When cyclical fluctuations result in lower-than-expected revenue levels, operating results may be materially adversely affected and cost reduction measures may be necessary for us to remain competitive and financially sound. During a down cycle, we must be able to make timely adjustments to our cost and expense structure to correspond to the prevailing market conditions. In addition, during periods of rapid growth, we must be able to increase manufacturing capacity and the number of our personnel to meet customer demand, which may require additional liquidity. We can provide no assurance that these objectives can be met in a timely manner in response to changes within the industry cycles in which we operate. If we fail to respond to these cyclical changes, our business could be seriously harmed.
We do not have long-term volume production contracts with our customers, and we do not control the timing or volume of orders placed by our customers. Whether and to what extent our customers place orders for any specific products, and the mix and quantities of products included in those orders are factors beyond our control. Insufficient orders would result in under-utilization of our manufacturing facilities and infrastructure, and will negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.
We face significant competition, are relatively small in size and have fewer resources in comparison with some of our competitors.
We face significant competition throughout the world, which may increase as certain markets in which we operate continue to evolve. Our future performance depends, in part, upon our ability to continue to compete successfully worldwide. Some of our competitors are diversified companies that have substantially greater financial resources and more extensive research, engineering, manufacturing, marketing and customer service and support capabilities than we can provide. Our failure to compete successfully with these other companies would seriously harm our business. There is a risk that larger, better financed competitors will develop and market more advanced products than those we currently offer, or that competitors with greater financial resources may decrease prices, thereby putting us under financial pressure.
We may experience increasing price pressure.
Our historical business strategy for many of our products has focused on product performance and customer service rather than on price. As a result of budgetary constraints, many of our customers are extremely price sensitive when purchasing our products. If we are unable to obtain prices that allow us to continue to compete on the basis of product performance and customer service, our profit margins will be reduced.
Manufacturing interruptions or delays could affect our ability to meet customer demand and lead to higher costs.
We may experience significant interruptions of our manufacturing operations, delays in our ability to deliver products or services, increased costs or customer order cancellations as a result of:
| ● | the failure or inability of suppliers to timely deliver sufficient quantities of materials and components on a cost-effective basis; |
| ● | volatility in the availability and cost of materials; |
| ● | difficulties or delays in obtaining required import or export approvals; |
| ● | information technology or infrastructure failures; |
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natural disasters or other events beyond our control (such as earthquakes, floods or storms, regional economic downturns, pandemics, social unrest, political instability, terrorism, or acts of war); and |
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the effects of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) on our employees, suppliers and other third-parties upon which we rely. |
We have made investments in our proprietary technologies. If third parties violate our proprietary rights, or accuse us of infringing upon their proprietary rights, such events could result in a loss of value of some of our intellectual property or costly litigation.
Our success is dependent in part on our technologies and our other proprietary rights. We believe that while patents can be useful and may be utilized by us in the future, they are not always necessary or feasible to protect our intellectual property. The process of seeking patent protection is lengthy and expensive, and we cannot be certain that applications will actually result in issued patents or that issued patents will be of sufficient scope or strength to provide meaningful protection or commercial advantage to us. In addition to patent protection, we have also historically protected our proprietary information and intellectual property such as design specifications, blueprints, technical processes and employee know-how, by limiting access to this confidential information and trade secrets and through the use of non-disclosure agreements. Other companies and individuals, including our competitors, may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology, or design around the intellectual property that we own or license. Our failure to adequately protect our intellectual property, could result in the reduction or extinguishment of our rights to such intellectual property. We also assert rights to certain trademarks relating to certain of our products and product lines.
While patent, copyright and trademark protection for our intellectual property may be important, we believe our future success in highly dynamic markets is most dependent upon the technical competence and creative skills of our personnel. We attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information through confidentiality agreements with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants, and through other internal security measures. However, these employees, consultants and third parties may breach these agreements, and we may not have adequate remedies for wrongdoing. In addition, the laws of certain territories in which we sell our products may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.
We may receive communications from other parties asserting the existence of patent rights or other intellectual property rights that they believe cover certain of our products, processes, technologies or information. If such cases arise, we will evaluate our position and consider the available alternatives, which may include seeking licenses to use the technology in question on commercially reasonable terms, or defending our position. Nevertheless, we cannot ensure that we will be able to obtain licenses, or, if we are able to obtain licenses, that related terms will be acceptable, or that litigation or other administrative proceedings will not occur. Defending our intellectual property rights through litigation could be very costly. If we are not able to negotiate the necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms or successfully defend our position, our financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
The price of our common shares is volatile and could decline significantly.
The stock market has at times over the last 15 years experienced periods of high and extreme volatility. If these market fluctuations continue, the trading price of our common shares could decline significantly independent of the overall market, and stockholders could lose all or a substantial part of their investment. The market price of our common shares could fluctuate significantly in response to several factors, including, among others:
| ● |
difficult macroeconomic conditions, unfavorable geopolitical events, and general stock market uncertainties, such as those occasioned by a global liquidity crisis and a failure of large financial institutions; |
| ● | receipt of large orders or cancellations of orders for our products; |
| ● | issues associated with the performance and reliability of our products; |
| ● | actual or anticipated variations in our results of operations; |
| ● | announcements of financial developments or technological innovations; |
| ● | changes in recommendations and/or financial estimates by investment research analysis; |
| ● | strategic transactions, such as acquisitions, divestitures, or spin-offs; and |
| ● |
the occurrence of major catastrophic events, including the effects of the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). |
Significant price and value fluctuations have occurred with respect to our publicly traded securities. The price of our common shares is likely to be volatile in the future. In the past, securities class action litigation often has been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. If similar litigation were pursued against us, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.
If we are subject to cyber-attacks, we could incur substantial costs and, if such attacks are successful, we could incur significant liabilities, reputational harm, and disruption to our operations.
We manage, store and transmit proprietary information and sensitive data relating to our operations. We may be subject to breaches of the information technology systems we use for these purposes. Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our network security and misappropriate and/or compromise our confidential information (and or third-party confidential information), create system disruptions, or cause shutdowns. Computer programmers and hackers also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs that attack our systems or our products, or that otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities.
The costs to address the foregoing security problems and security vulnerabilities before or after a cyber-incident could be significant. Our remediation efforts may not be successful and could result in interruptions, delays, or cessation of service, and loss of existing or potential customers, impeding our sales, manufacturing, distribution, or other critical functions. In addition, breaches of our security measures and the unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive data about us, our customer, or other third parties, could expose us, our customers, or other third parties to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, result in litigation and potential liability for us, damage our reputation, or otherwise harm our business.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements made in this prospectus, the documents that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and other written or oral statements made by or on behalf of our Company may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “should,” “believe” and other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements relate to our future plans, objectives, expectations, intentions and financial performance and the assumptions that underlie these statements, and are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions and speak only as of the date on which it is made. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors, including those discussed in “Risk Factors”, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:
• The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented to contain the spread of the virus have had, and are expected to continue to have, a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations;
• The COVID-19 pandemic may impact the operations of the Company’s key suppliers, including its raw materials, components and personal protective equipment (PPE) suppliers;
• If we fail to comply with any of the covenants in our existing financing arrangement, we may not be able to access our existing revolving credit facility, and we may face an accelerated obligation to repay our indebtedness;
• Cybersecurity incidents could result in the compromise of potentially sensitive information about our employees, vendors or company and expose us to business disruption, negative publicity, costly government enforcement actions or private litigation and our reputation could suffer;
• Changes in regulatory and statutory laws, such as increases in the minimum wage, and the costs of compliance and non-compliance with such laws, may result in increased costs to our business;
• We rely heavily on our information technology systems for our key business processes. If we experience an interruption in their operation, our results of operations may be affected;
• If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results and prevent or detect material misstatement due to fraud, which could reduce investor confidence and adversely affect the value of our common stock;
• We could be subject to changes in tax rates, the adoption of new U.S. or international tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities;
• Failure to control costs may adversely affect our operating results;
• Changes in the general economic environment may impact our business and results of operations; and
• We rely on our management team and other key personnel.
This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative but not exhaustive. In addition, new risks and uncertainties may arise from time to time. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with an understanding of their inherent uncertainty and we caution accordingly against relying on forward-looking statements.
Consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements. Additional factors that may cause results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements are set forth under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 2020 annual report on Form 10-K and in subsequent reports filed by us with the SEC, including on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K. Because of the foregoing, you are cautioned against relying on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake to update any of these statements in light of new information or future events, except as required by applicable law.
Except as otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital expenditures, the repayment or refinancing of existing indebtedness and other investments. Additional information on the use of net proceeds from the sale of securities offered by this prospectus may be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to that offering.
The following descriptions of our common stock and preferred stock do not purport to be complete and are subject to and qualified in their entirety by our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws (each as amended and restated to date), and by the applicable provisions of Delaware law. For information on how to obtain copies of our organizational documents, see “Where You Can Find More Information” contained elsewhere.
General
Our current authorized capital stock consists of 20,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 13,822,185 shares were issued and outstanding as of April 9, 2021, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, none of which was issued and outstanding as of April 9, 2021.
Common Stock
Each share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders. At meetings at which action is to be taken, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws of the Company, all action taken by the holders of a majority of the stock voting, present or represented by proxy and voting on such matter at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be valid and binding upon the Company, although directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast by those entitled to vote in the election.
Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive such dividends, if any, as and when declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any then outstanding preferred stock. Upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably the net assets of the Company available after the payment of all debts and liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock.
Holders of our common stock do not have cumulative voting rights, are not entitled to pre-emptive or subscription rights or any rights of conversion or redemption, and such shares are not subject to any sinking fund provisions. Shares of our common stock are, and any shares sold pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part will be, when issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common stock may be subject, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of holders of shares of any series or class of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future, if any.
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol CPSH. On April 9, 2021, the closing price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $11.33 per share.
Preferred Stock
Our Certificate of Incorporation permits us to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and with such rights and preferences as may be determined by our Board of Directors without the need for further stockholder approval, subject to any limitation imposed by law and voting provisions set forth in our charter. We currently have no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding. Any shares of preferred stock that may be redeemed, purchased or acquired by the Company may be reissued except as otherwise provided by law. Different series of preferred stock shall not be construed to constitute different classes of shares for the purposes of voting by classes unless expressly provided.
Examples of rights and preferences the Board of Directors may fix include voting rights, dividend rights and rates, conversion rights, redemption privileges and terms, and liquidation preferences. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the company. The rights of holders of our common stock, described above, will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of any preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future, including with respect to voting and dividend and liquidation payments.
Options and Incentive Awards
As of April 9, 2021, we had outstanding stock awards to purchase an aggregate of 551,700 shares of our common stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.00 to $2.90 per share under our 2009 Stock Incentive Plan and 296,000 shares of our common stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.49 to $2.73 per share under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan. While the Board of Directors continues to administer the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, such plan expired in December 2019 and no further awards can be made thereunder. Vesting periods for awards under the plans are at the discretion of the Board of Directors and typically range between one and five years. Options under these plans are granted with an exercise price determined by the Board on the date of grant (typically not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant, except when incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code are granted to certain employees, in which case the exercise price will not be less than 110% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant), and have terms of 10 years, or, in some cases of incentive stock options, terms of five years. As of April 9, 2021, there were no shares available for new option grants under the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan and there were 1,500,000 shares available for grant under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (of which, options for the purchase of an aggregate of 296,000 shares of our common stock were outstanding as of April 9, 2021).
The 2020 Plan provides for the issuance of awards to officers, directors, consultants and advisors to the Company pursuant to the award of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards.
Effects of Certain Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws and Delaware Law
Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, as well as applicable Delaware law, may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a change in control or takeover attempt that a stockholder may deem in his, her or its best interest. The existence of these provisions also could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay for our securities. They include:
Authorized but Unissued Shares
The authorized but unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by The Nasdaq Stock Market and the provisions relating to interested stockholder transactions described below. These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes. In particular, although our Board of Directors has no present intention to do so, it could issue shares of stock that could, depending on the terms, impede the completion of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or other takeover attempt. Our Board may determine that the issuance of such shares of stock is in the best interest of the Company and our stockholders. Such issuance could discourage a potential acquiror from making an unsolicited acquisition attempt through which such acquiror may be able to change the composition of the board, including a tender offer or other transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interest or in which stockholders might receive a premium for their stock over the then-current market price.
No Cumulative Voting
Our Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors, which would allow the holders of less than a majority of the stock to elect some directors.
No Action by Stockholders Without a Meeting
Our Certificate of Incorporation expressly provides that stockholders of the Company may not take any action by written consent in lieu of a meeting, and our By-laws have been amended to eliminate any such right. Moreover, Article FIFTH of our charter provides that notwithstanding any other provision of law, the charter or our By-laws, and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the votes which all stockholders would be entitled to cast at any annual election of directors is required to amend, repeal or adopt any provision inconsistent with such Article. Eliminating the ability of stockholders to act by written consent and imposing a super-majority threshold to permit such right may delay or prevent a stockholder vote on an extraordinary transaction such as a merger or business combination.
Special Meetings of Shareholders
Our By-laws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called by the President or Board of Directors but is silent as to the ability of stockholders to request a meeting. The inability of stockholders to call a special meeting may delay or prevent a stockholder vote on an extraordinary transaction such as a merger or business combination.
Director Vacancies; Size of Board
Unless and until filled by stockholders, our By-laws permit incumbent directors to fill any vacancies on the Board, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board, by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.
The number of directors that shall constitute the whole Board is determined by resolution of the stockholders or the Board. The number of directors may be decreased at any time by stockholders or by a majority of the directors then in office but only to eliminate vacancies existing by reason of the death, resignation, removal or expiration of the term of one or more directors. The number of directors may be increased at any time by stockholders or by a majority of the directors then in office.
Advance Notice Requirements for Director Nominations and Shareholder Proposals
Our By-laws provide that except as otherwise provided by law, at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. In order to be properly brought before the meeting, such business must have been either:
| · | specified in the written notice of the meeting given to stockholders of record on the record date for such meeting by or at the direction of the Board; |
| · | brought before the meeting at the direction of the Board or the Chairman of the meeting; or |
| · | specified in a written notice given by or on behalf of a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting entitled to vote thereat or a duly authorized proxy in accordance with specified requirements. |
A stockholder wishing to raise a matter must provide notice thereof. Notice must be delivered personally to, or mailed to and received at, the principal executive office of the Company, addressed to the Secretary, (1) not more than 10 days after the date of the notice of the meeting provided by the Board, in the case of business to be brought before a special meeting of stockholders, and (2) not less than 30 days prior to the first anniversary of the notice provided for the prior year’s annual meeting, in the case of business to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders. However, notice shall not be required to be given more than 50 days prior to an annual meeting of stockholders.
Such notice shall set forth a full description of each item of business proposed to be brought before the meeting, the name and address of the person proposing to bring such business before the meeting, and the class and number of shares held of record, held beneficially, and represented by proxy by such person as of the record date for the meeting (if such date has been made available) and as of the date of such notice.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, our By-Laws give the Board the authority to decline to include information as to any nominee for director in any proxy statement or other communication sent to stockholders, subject to applicable federal securities law requirements.
Higher Vote for Business Combinations and Other Transactions
Article TENTH of our Certificate of Incorporation provides that in addition to any affirmative vote required by law, the Company’s By-laws or the charter itself, and except as expressly provided in such Article TENTH, any
| · | merger or consolidation of the Company or any subsidiary with (1) an “interested stockholder” or (2) any other corporation, whether or not itself an interested stockholder which is, or after such merger or consolidation would be an “affiliate” or “associate” of an interested stockholder, or |
| · | sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition to or with an interested stockholder or any affiliate or associate thereof of all or a “substantial part” of the assets of the Company or any subsidiary, or |
| · | the issuance, exchange or transfer by the company or any subsidiary to an interested stockholder or any affiliate or associate thereof for consideration equal to or in excess of the fair market value of a substantial part of the assets of the Company, or |
| · | the adoption of any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the company proposed by or on behalf of an interested stockholder or any affiliate or associate thereof, or |
| · | reclassification of securities, or recapitalization of the Company, or any merger or consolidation of the Company with a subsidiary, which has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the outstanding shares of any class of equity or convertible securities of the Company or any subsidiary which is owned by an interested stockholder or any affiliate or associate thereof, or |
| · | agreement, contract or arrangement with an interested stockholder providing for any of the foregoing |
requires the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the votes which all stockholders would be entitled to cast at any annual election of directors. Such affirmative vote is required notwithstanding the fact that no vote may be required or that a lesser percentage may be specified by law or in any agreement with any national securities exchange or otherwise.
Nevertheless, such higher vote would not be required for any of the above in the event (a) such transaction is approved by a majority of “disinterested directors” and (b) eight specified transaction requirements are met, including that holders of the common stock receive per share consideration at least equal to the highest of (i) the per share price (including brokerage commissions, transfer taxes and soliciting dealers’ fees) paid by or on behalf of the interested stockholder for any share of stock in connection with the acquisition by such stockholder of shares of common stock within the prior two year period or the transaction in which such stockholder became an interested stockholder, whichever is higher, and (ii) the fair market value per share of common stock on the date of the announcement of the transaction at issue or the date on which the interested stockholder became interested, whichever is higher.
Interested stockholder is defined to mean any person who or which (a) is the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of shares of the Company having more than 10% of the voting power of the then-outstanding voting stock, (b) at any time within the prior two-year period was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of shares of the Company having more than 10% of the voting power of the then-outstanding voting stock, or (c) is at any time an assignee or has otherwise succeeded to the beneficial ownership of any shares of voting stock which were at any time within the prior two-year period beneficially owned by any interested stockholder. “Substantial part” of the Company is defined to mean more than 10% of the fair market value of the total assets of the Company as of the end of its most recent fiscal quarter ending prior to the time the determination is made.
The super-majority approval requirement and the broad definition of “business combination” may delay or prevent any extraordinary transaction with an interested stockholder. Moreover, the provisions of Article TENTH imposing such voting requirement and including such broad definitions cannot be amended without the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes which all stockholders would be entitled to cast at any annual election of directors, further reducing the likelihood of a transaction with an interested party.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:
| · | before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
| · | upon closing of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned by (1) persons who are directors and also officers and (2) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or |
| · | on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
In general, Section 203 defines business combination to include the following:
| · | any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder; |
| · | any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder; |
| · | subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; |
| · | any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or |
| · | the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation. |
In general, Section 203 defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person who, together with the person’s affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.
Amendments to Organizational Documents
Article ELEVENTH of our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the notwithstanding any other provision of law, our charter or our by-laws, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the votes which all stockholders would be entitled to cast at any annual election of directors is required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provision inconsistent with, the sections of our charter relating to the personal liability of directors, indemnification and the Article itself.
Listing
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “CPSH.” Neither shares of our preferred stock nor warrants to purchase shares of our common stock are listed on any exchange, and neither security is publicly traded.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Our stock transfer agent is Computershare, 250 Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021, United States and its telephone number is (781) 575-4223.
We may issue warrants for the purchase of shares of our common stock or preferred stock. We may issue warrants independently or together with other securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and the investors or a warrant agent. The following summary of material provisions of the warrants and warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and warrant certificate applicable to a particular series of warrants. The terms of any warrants offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants.
The particular terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:
• The number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase such shares and the price at which such number of shares may be purchased upon such exercise;
• The designation, stated value and terms (including, without limitation, liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights) of the series of preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase preferred stock;
• The date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related preferred stock or common stock will be separately transferable;
• The terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;
• The date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
• A discussion of certain United States federal income tax consequences applicable to the warrants; and
• Any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants.
Holders of equity warrants will not be entitled to:
• Vote, consent or receive dividends;
• Receive notice as stockholders with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter; or
• Exercise any rights as stockholders of the Company.
Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the principal amount of the number of shares of preferred stock or common stock at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.
A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new warrant certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock are exercised, the holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock or preferred stock, including any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the common stock or preferred stock, if any.
We may issue rights to purchase our common stock. The rights may or may not be transferable by the persons purchasing or receiving the rights. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting or other arrangement with one or more underwriters or other persons pursuant to which such underwriters or other persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for after such rights offering. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agent agreement to be entered into between us and one or more banks, trust companies or other financial institutions, as rights agent, that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.
The prospectus supplement and any incorporated documents relating to any rights that we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering, including, among other matters:
• The date of determining the security holders entitled to the rights distribution;
• The aggregate number of rights issued and the aggregate number of shares of common stock purchasable upon exercise of the rights;
• The exercise price;
• The conditions to completion of the rights offering;
• The date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence and the date on which the rights will expire; and
• A discussion of certain United States federal income tax consequences applicable to the rights offering.
Each right would entitle the holder of the rights to purchase for cash shares of common stock at the exercise price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised rights will become void.
If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than our security holders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
We may sell securities in any one or more of the following ways from time to time: (i) to or through agents; (ii) to or through underwriters (including through syndicates or acting alone for resale); (iii) to or through brokers or dealers; (iv) directly by us to purchasers, including through a specific bidding, auction or other process; (v) upon the exercise of subscription rights that may be distributed to our stockholders; (vi) through a combination of any of these methods of sale; or (vii) by any other method permitted by law. The applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material will contain the terms of the transaction, name or names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents and the respective amounts of securities underwritten or purchased by them, the initial public offering price of the securities, and the applicable agent’s commission, dealer’s purchase price or underwriter’s discount. Any dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts.
Sales of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, (a) at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; (b) at market prices prevailing at the time of sale; (c) at prices related to prevailing market prices; (d) at varying prices determined at the time of sale; or (e) at negotiated prices. Any initial offering price, dealer purchase price, discount or commission may be changed from time to time. The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions, at negotiated prices, at a fixed price or fixed prices (that may be subject to change), at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at various prices determined at the time of sale or at prices related to prevailing market prices.
Offers to purchase securities may be solicited directly by us or by agents designated by us from time to time. Any such agent may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities so offered and sold.
If underwriters or dealers acting as principal are utilized in the sale of any securities in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, such securities will be acquired by the underwriters or dealers for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at fixed public offering prices or at varying prices determined by the underwriters or dealers at the time of sale. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or directly by one or more underwriters. If any underwriter or underwriters are utilized in the sale of securities, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering material, the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all such securities if any are purchased.
If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will sell such securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell such securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale. Transactions through brokers or dealers may include block trades, in which brokers or dealers will attempt to sell shares as agent but may position and resell as principal to facilitate the transaction, or in crosses, in which the same broker or dealer acts as agent on both sides of the trade. Any such dealer may be deemed to be an underwriter, as such term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities so offered and sold.
Offers to purchase securities may be solicited directly by us and the sale thereof may be made directly to institutional investors or others, who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale thereof.
If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material, we may authorize agents and underwriters to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities at the public offering price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material. Such delayed delivery contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material.
Agents, underwriters and dealers may be entitled, under relevant agreements, to indemnification against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which such agents, underwriters and dealers may be required to make in respect thereof. The terms and conditions of any indemnification or contribution will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material.
We may also sell shares of our common stock through various arrangements involving mandatorily or optionally exchangeable securities, and this prospectus may be delivered in connection with those sales.
We may enter into derivative, sale or forward sale transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material indicates, in connection with those transactions, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material, including in short sale transactions and by issuing securities not covered by this prospectus but convertible into, or exchangeable for or representing beneficial interests in such securities covered by this prospectus, or the return of which is derived in whole or in part from the value of such securities. The third parties may use securities received under derivative, sale or forward sale transactions, or securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those transactions to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment) or other offering material.
Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive compensation in the form of commissions, discounts or concessions from us. Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may also receive compensation from the purchasers of shares for whom they act as agents or to whom they sell as principals, or both. Compensation as to a particular underwriter, broker-dealer or agent might be in excess of customary commissions and will be in amounts to be negotiated in connection with transactions involving shares. In effecting sales, broker-dealers may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in the resales.
Each series of securities will be a new issue and, other than the common stock, which is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any series of securities on an exchange, and in the case of the common stock, on any additional or substitute exchange, but, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material, we shall not be obligated to do so. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market for any of the securities.
Agents, underwriters and dealers may engage in transactions with, or perform services for us and our respective subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
Any underwriter may engage in overallotment, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Overallotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. An underwriter may carry out these transactions on the Nasdaq Capital Market, any additional or substitute exchange on which our common stock is listed, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. We do not make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above might have on the price of the securities. In addition, we do not make any representation that underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
The place and time of delivery for securities will be set forth in the accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering material for such securities.
To comply with applicable state securities laws, the securities offered by this prospectus will be sold, if necessary, in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, securities may not be sold in some states unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.
The validity of the securities being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by BRL Law Group LLC, Wellesley, MA. Any underwriters, dealers or agents will also be advised about the validity of the securities and other legal matters by their own counsel, which will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The financial statements as of and for the years ended December 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020 filed on March 17, 2021, have been audited by Wolf & Company, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, and are incorporated herein by reference, and has been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
$75,000,000
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Rights
Units
, 2021
The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED April 20, 2021
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus Dated April 20, 2021)
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
$25,000,000
Common Stock
We have entered into an At-The-Market Issuance Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, or Craig-Hallum, relating to the sale of shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, offered by this prospectus supplement. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, under this prospectus supplement we may offer and sell our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 from time to time through or to Craig-Hallum, acting as our sales agent. Sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus will be made by any method permitted that is deemed an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Craig-Hallum is not required to sell any specific amount but will act as our sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in escrow, trust or similar arrangement.
Craig-Hallum will be entitled to compensation at a commission rate of 3% of the gross sales price per share sold under the Sales Agreement. The net proceeds, if any, that we receive from the sales of our common stock will depend on the number of shares actually sold and the offering price for such shares. See “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page S-8 for additional information regarding the compensation to be paid to Craig-Hallum. In connection with the sale of our common stock on our behalf, Craig-Hallum will be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Craig-Hallum will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have also agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Craig-Hallum with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “CPSH.” On April 9, 2021, the last reported sales price of our common stock on the Nasdaq was $11.33 per share.
Investing in our securities involves risks. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” commencing on page S-3 of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus for a discussion of information that should be considered in connection with an investment in our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Craig-Hallum
The date of this prospectus supplement is ,2021
Prospectus Supplement
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Each time we conduct an offering to sell securities under the accompanying base prospectus we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering, including the price, the amount or number of securities being offered and the plan of distribution. This prospectus supplement describes the specific details regarding this offering and may add, update or change information contained in the accompanying base prospectus. The base prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, provides general information about us and our securities, some of which, such as the section entitled “Plan of Distribution,” may not apply to this offering. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. We are not, and Craig-Hallum is not, making offers to sell or solicitations to buy our common stock in any jurisdiction in which an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making that offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation.
If information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying base prospectus or the information incorporated by reference with an earlier date, you should rely on this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement, together with the base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and any free writing prospectus we have provided for use in connection with this offering, include all material information relating to this offering. We have not, and Craig-Hallum has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information and you must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and any free writing prospectus we have provided for use in connection with this offering is accurate only as of the respective dates of those documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should carefully read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the information and documents incorporated herein by reference herein and therein, as well as any free writing prospectus we have provided for use in connection with this offering, before making an investment decision. See “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference”and “Where You Can Find More Information” in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying base prospectus.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus contain summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the full text of the actual documents, some of which have been filed or will be filed and incorporated by reference herein. See “Where You Can Find More Information” in this prospectus supplement. We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus contain and incorporate by reference certain market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on Company-sponsored studies, independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, estimates as they relate to projections involve numerous assumptions, are subject to risks and uncertainties, and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and under similar headings in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.
Unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus supplement to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “CPS” refer to CPS Technologies Corp., a Delaware corporation.
This prospectus summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our securities. You should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus carefully, including the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and our financial statements and the related notes and the other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, before making an investment decision.
Overview
CPS Technologies Corp. provides advanced material solutions to the transportation, automotive, energy, computing/internet, telecommunications, aerospace and defense markets. CPS products are important elements in electrifying the green economy.
Our primary material solution is metal matrix composites (MMCs). We design, manufacture and sell custom metal matrix composite components to improve the performance and reliability of systems in the end markets in which we participate.
The Company is an important participant in the growing movement towards alternative energy and green lifestyles. The Company’s products are used in high-speed trains, mass transit, hybrid and electric cars, wind-turbines for electricity generation, routers, switches and fiber optic components for the internet backbone. The Company’s products are used in high reliability communications and power modules for avionics and satellite applications such as the current generation of GPS satellites. The Company also produces housings and heatspreaders for high-performance microprocessors, graphics processing chips, and application-specific integrated circuits. All of these applications involve electrical energy use or energy generation; the Company’s products allow higher performance and improved energy efficiency.
Using its proprietary MMC technology, the Company also produces light-weight vehicle armor, particularly for extreme environments and heavy threat levels.
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a class of materials consisting of a combination of metals and ceramics. Compared to conventional materials, MMCs provide superior improved thermal conductivity, improved thermal expansion matching, greater stiffness and lighter weight. These factors, in particular the lighter weight, are among the reasons CPS parts are on the last two Mars Rovers as well as many satellites.
CPS is a fully qualified manufacturer for many of the world’s largest electronics OEMs.
CPS management believes our business model of providing advanced material solutions to a portfolio of high growth end markets in various stages of the technology adoption lifecycle provides CPS with the opportunity for sustained growth and a diversified customer base. We believe we have validated this model as we are now supplying customers at all stages of the technology adoption lifecycle.
Our products are manufactured by proprietary processes we have developed including the QuicksetTM Injection Molding Process (‘Quickset Process’) and the QuickCastTM Pressure Infiltration Process (‘QuickCast Process’).
CPS was incorporated in Massachusetts in 1984 as Ceramics Process Systems Corporation and reincorporated in Delaware in April 1987 through a merger into a wholly owned Delaware subsidiary organized for purposes of the reincorporation. In July 1987, CPS completed the initial public offering of 1.5 million shares of our Common Stock. In March 2007, the Company changed its name from Ceramics Process Systems Corporation to CPS Technologies Corp.
Our Corporate Information
We maintain our principal executive offices at 111 South Worcester Street, Norton, MA 02766 and our telephone number is (508) 222-0614. Our corporate website address is www.alsic.com. Our website and the information contained on, or that can be accessed through, the website is not incorporated by reference in, and is not part of, this prospectus. You should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our securities.
The following is a brief summary of some of the terms of the offering and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. For a more complete description of the terms of our common stock, see description of our common stock in the accompanying base prospectus in the section, “Description of Capital Stock.”
|
Common stock offered by us |
Shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000. | |
|
Common stock to be outstanding after this offering |
Up to 16,014,927 shares, assuming sales of 2,206,532 shares of our common stock in this offering at a price of $11.33 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq on April 9, 2021. The actual number of shares issued will vary depending on the sales price under this offering. | |
| Manner of offering | We have entered into an At-The-Market Issuance Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, or Craig-Hallum, relating to the sale of shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, under this prospectus supplement we may offer and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 from time to time through or Craig-Hallum acting as our sales agent.
Sales of common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement will be made by any method permitted that is deemed an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. See the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus supplement. | |
| Use of Proceeds | We expect to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures, repayment or refinancing of borrowings, working capital, investments and acquisitions. See “Use of Proceeds” in this prospectus supplement. | |
| Risk factors | Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read and consider the information set forth under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein to read about factors you should consider before buying shares of our common stock. | |
| Listing | Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "CPSH." |
The number of shares of our common stock expected to be outstanding after this offering is based on 13,822,185 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of April 9, 2021 and excludes the following:
(1) 527,700 shares of common stock issued under the Company's stock-based compensation plans were outstanding and unvested as of April 9, 2021; and
(2) 1,186,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance and available for future grant under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan as of April 9, 2021.
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before purchasing our common stock, you should read and carefully consider the following risk factors and the risk factors included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2021, as well as all other information contained and incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes. Each of these risk factors, either alone or taken together, could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our common stock. There may be additional risks that we do not presently know of or that we currently believe are immaterial, which could also impair our business and financial position. If any of the events described below were to occur, our financial condition, our ability to access capital resources, our results of operations and/or our future growth prospects could be materially and adversely affected and the market price of our common stock could decline. As a result, you could lose some or all of any investment you may make in our common stock.
Risks Related to This Offering
Management will have broad discretion as to the use of the proceeds from this offering, and we may not use the proceeds effectively.
You will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of these net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could spend the proceeds in ways that do not improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. Our failure to apply these funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business and cause the price of our common stock to decline.
You may experience dilution as a result of this or future offerings.
In order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing our shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering.
Resales of our common stock in the public market during this offering by our stockholders may cause the market price of our common stock to fall.
We may issue common or preferred stock from time to time in connection with this offering. This issuance from time to time of these new shares, or our ability to issue these shares in this offering, could result in resales of our common stock by our current stockholders concerned about the potential dilution of their holdings. In turn, these resales could have the effect of depressing the market price for our common stock.
Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the possibility that such sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future issuances or sales of our securities including sales of shares of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement or the availability of our securities for future issuance or sale, will have on the market price of our common stock. Issuances or sales of substantial amounts of our securities, including sales of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement, or the perception that such issuances or sales might occur, could negatively impact the market price of our common stock and the terms upon which we may obtain additional equity financing in the future.
It is not possible to predict the actual number of shares of our common stock we will sell under the Sales Agreement, or the gross proceeds resulting from those sales.
Subject to certain limitations in the Sales Agreement and compliance with applicable law, we have the discretion to deliver a placement notice to the sales agent at any time throughout the term of the Sales Agreement. The number of shares of our common stock that are sold through the sales agent after delivering a placement notice will fluctuate based on a number of factors, including the market price of our common stock during the sales period, the limits we set with the sales agent in any applicable placement notice, and the demand for our common stock during the sales period. Because the price per share of each share sold will fluctuate during the sales period, it is not currently possible to predict the number of shares that will be sold or the gross proceeds to be raised in connection with those sales.
The common stock offered hereby will be sold in “at the market offerings,” and investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.
Investors who purchase common stock in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different levels of dilution and different outcomes in their investment results. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold in this offering. In addition, there is no minimum or maximum sales price for shares to be sold in this offering. Investors may experience a decline in the value of the shares they purchase in this offering as a result of sales made at prices lower than the prices they paid.
A failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock prices.
Although we are not required to obtain or include in our annual reports on Form 10-K an attestation report from our independent registered accountants with respect to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, like all other public companies, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer are required, annually, to assess, and disclose their findings in our annual reports on Form 10-K with respect to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in a manner that meets the requirements of Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The rules governing the standards that must be met for our Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officers to assess and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation, which could significantly increase our operating expenses.
Additionally, if we are unable to maintain the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the future, we may be unable to report our financial results accurately and on a timely basis. In such an event, investors and clients may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial statements, as a result of which our liquidity, access to capital markets, and perceptions of our creditworthiness could be adversely affected and the market prices of our common stock could decline. In addition, we could become subject to investigations by the Nasdaq Capital Market, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which could require us to expend additional financial and management resources. As a result, an inability to maintain the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the future could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.
We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. As a result, you will need to sell your shares of common stock to receive any income or realize a return on your investment.
To date, we have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, we are contractually restricted from paying cash dividends under our Credit and Security Agreement with the Massachusetts Business Development Corporation. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We cannot assure you that we would, at any time, generate sufficient surplus cash that would be available for distribution to the holders of our common stock as a dividend.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements made in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, the documents that are incorporated by reference herein and other written or oral statements made by or on behalf of our company may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” “should,” “believe” and other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements relate to our future plans, objectives, expectations, intentions and financial performance and the assumptions that underlie these statements, and are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions and speak only as of the date on which it is made. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors, including those discussed in “Risk Factors”, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:
These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:
• The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented to contain the spread of the virus have had, and are expected to continue to have, a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations;
• The COVID-19 pandemic may impact the operations of the Company’s key suppliers, including its raw materials and components and personal protective equipment (PPE) suppliers;
• If we fail to comply with any of the covenants in our existing financing arrangement, we may not be able to access our existing revolving credit facility, and we may face an accelerated obligation to repay our indebtedness;
• Cybersecurity incidents could result in the compromise of potentially sensitive information about our employees, vendors or company and expose us to business disruption, negative publicity, costly government enforcement actions or private litigation and our reputation could suffer;
• Changes in regulatory and statutory laws, such as increases in the minimum wage, and the costs of compliance and non-compliance with such laws, may result in increased costs to our business;
• We rely heavily on our information technology systems for our key business processes. If we experience an interruption in their operation, our results of operations may be affected;
• If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results and prevent or detect material misstatement due to fraud, which could reduce investor confidence and adversely affect the value of our common stock;
• We could be subject to changes in tax rates, the adoption of new U.S. or international tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities;
• Failure to control costs may adversely affect our operating results;
• Changes in the general economic environment may impact our business and results of operations; and
• We rely on our management team and other key personnel.
This list of factors that may affect future performance and the accuracy of forward-looking statements is illustrative but not exhaustive. In addition, new risks and uncertainties may arise from time to time. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with an understanding of their inherent uncertainty and we caution accordingly against relying on forward-looking statements.
Consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements. Additional factors that may cause results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements are set forth in the 2020 Form 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors” and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 2020 Form 10-K and in subsequent reports filed by us with the SEC, including on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K. Because of the foregoing, you are cautioned against relying on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake to update any of these statements in light of new information or future events, except as required by applicable law.
We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of our common stock offered under this prospectus supplement for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures, repayment or refinancing of borrowings, working capital, investments and acquisitions. As a result, management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of net proceeds.
If you invest in our common stock, you will experience immediate dilution to the extent of the difference between the price per share you pay in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock after this offering.
Our net tangible book value as of December 26, 2020 was approximately $6.4 million, or approximately $0.48 per share. Net tangible book value is determined by subtracting our total liabilities from our total tangible assets, which excludes lease assets, and net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our net tangible book value by the number of outstanding shares of our common stock.
After giving effect to the sale of $25,000,000 of our common stock during the term of the Sales Agreement at an assumed offering price of $11.33 per share, the last reported sale price per common share on the Nasdaq on April 9, 2021, and after deducting commissions of 3% of the offering proceeds and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by us, our adjusted net tangible book value as of December 26, 2020 would have been approximately $30.5 million, or approximately $2.29 per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of approximately $1.81 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of approximately $0.33 per share to investors participating in this offering. The following table illustrates this calculation on a per share basis:
| Public offering price per share of common stock | $11.33 |
| Net tangible book value per share as of December 26, 2020 | $0.48 |
| Increase per share attributable to investors participating in this offering | $1.48 |
| Adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering | $1.96 |
| Dilution per share to investors participating in this offering | $0.33 |
The table above assumes for illustrative purposes that an aggregate of 2,206,531 shares of our common stock is sold during the term of the Sales Agreement at a price of $11.33 per share, the last reported sale price per common share on the Nasdaq on April 9, 2021 for aggregate gross proceeds of $25,000,000. The shares subject to the Sales Agreement are being sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $1.00 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price per share shown in the table above, assuming all common stock in the aggregate amount of $25,000,000 during the remaining term of the Sales Agreement are sold at that price, would increase our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $2.29 per share and would increase the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.30 per share, after deducting commissions payable by us. A decrease of $1.00 per share in the price at which the shares are sold from the assumed offering price per share shown in the table above, assuming all common stock in the aggregate amount of $25,000,000 during the term of the Sales Agreement are sold at that price, would instead decrease our adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering to $2.29 per share, and would decrease the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering to $0.36 per share, after deducting commissions payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only.
The number of shares of our common stock expected to be outstanding after this offering is based on 13,822,185 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of April 9, 2021 and excludes the following:
(1) 527,700 shares of common stock issued under the Company's stock-based compensation plans were outstanding and unvested as of April 9, 2021; and
(2) 1,186,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance and available for future grant under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan as of April 9, 2021.
The above illustration of dilution per share to investors participating in this offering assumes no exercise of outstanding options or warrants to purchase our common stock. To the extent that the options or warrants are exercised, investors participating in this offering will experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital depending on market conditions, our capital requirements and strategic considerations, even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised through our sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. Our credit facility also restricts us from paying cash dividends on our securities. Our board of directors currently intends to retain any future earnings, to the extent we have earnings, to cover operating costs and otherwise become and remain competitive. Any future determination to pay dividends will also be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon our results of operations and cash flows, our financial position and capital requirements, general business conditions, legal, tax, regulatory and any contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends, and any other factors our board of directors deems relevant. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to fund the development and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
We have entered into the Sales Agreement with Craig-Hallum under which we may offer and sell up to $25,000,000 of our shares of common stock, par value $0.01 from time to time through Craig-Hallum acting as agent. Sales of our shares of common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus will be made by any method that is deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act.
Each time we wish to issue and sell our shares of common stock under the Sales Agreement, we will notify Craig-Hallum of the number of shares to be issued, the dates on which such sales are anticipated to be made, any limitation on the number of shares to be sold in any one day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Once we have so instructed Craig-Hallum, unless Craig-Hallum declines to accept the terms of such notice, Craig-Hallum has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such shares up to the amount specified on such terms. The obligations of Craig-Hallum under the Sales Agreement to sell our shares of common stock are subject to a number of conditions that we must meet. Craig-Hallum may engage in passive market making transactions in the shares of common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.
The settlement of sales of shares between us and Craig-Hallum is generally anticipated to occur on the second trading day following the date on which the sale was made. Sales of our shares of common stock as contemplated in this prospectus supplement will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and Craig-Hallum may agree upon. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.
We will pay Craig-Hallum a commission equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds we receive from each sale of our shares of common stock sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. The remaining sale proceeds, after deducting any other transaction fees, will equal our net proceeds from the sale of such shares.
Craig-Hallum will provide written confirmation to us no later than the open of trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market on the trading day immediately following each trading day on which our shares of common stock are sold under the Sales Agreement. Each confirmation will include the number of shares sold on that day, the price or prices at which such shares were sold, the aggregate gross proceeds of such sales, the proceeds to us and the commission payable to Craig-Hallum with respect to such sales.
In connection with the sale of our shares of common stock on our behalf, Craig-Hallum will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation of Craig-Hallum will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to indemnify Craig-Hallum against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. We have also agreed to contribute to payments Craig-Hallum may be required to make in respect of such liabilities.
The offering of our shares of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of all shares of common stock subject to the Sales Agreement and (ii) the termination of the Sales Agreement as permitted therein. We and Craig-Hallum may each terminate the Sales Agreement at any time by giving written notice, provided that such termination will not be effective until the close of business on the date specified in such notice received by Craig-Hallum or us, as the case may be, in accordance with the Sales Agreement.
This summary of the material provisions of the Sales Agreement does not purport to be a complete statement of its terms and conditions. A copy of the Sales Agreement is filed as an exhibit to this prospectus supplement.
Any portion of the $25,000,000 included in this prospectus supplement that is not previously sold or included in an active issuance notice pursuant to the Sales Agreement is available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the accompanying base prospectus, and if no shares are sold under the Sales Agreement, the full $25,000,000 of securities may be sold in other offerings pursuant to the accompanying base prospectus.
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market and trades under the symbol “CPSH.” The transfer agent of our common stock is Computershare, 250 Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021, United States and its telephone number is (781) 575-4223.
Craig-Hallum and its affiliates may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking, financial advisory and other financial services for us and our affiliates, for which services they may in the future receive customary fees. In the course of its business, Craig-Hallum may actively trade our securities for its own account or for the accounts of customers, and, accordingly, Craig-Hallum may at any time hold long or short positions in such securities. Craig-Hallum has performed, is currently performing and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us in connection with our evaluation of potential strategic transactions, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses.
A prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus in electronic format may be made available on a website maintained by Craig-Hallum, and Craig-Hallum may distribute the prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus electronically.
Offer restrictions outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or Craig-Hallum that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus supplement or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus supplement comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus supplement in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by BRL Law Group LLC, Wellesley, MA. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the sales agent by Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP.
The financial statements as of and for the years ended December 26, 2020 and December 28, 2019, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020 filed on March 17, 2021, have been audited by Wolf & Company, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, and are incorporated herein by reference, and has been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows “incorporation by reference” into this prospectus supplement of information that we file with the SEC. This permits us to disclose important information to you by referencing these filed documents. Any information referenced this way is considered to be a part of this prospectus supplement and any information filed by us with the SEC subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement automatically will be deemed to update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the following documents which we have filed with the SEC (excluding any documents or portions of such documents that have been “furnished” but not “filed” for purposes of the Exchange Act):
(1) The Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020, which incorporates by reference certain portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the Registrant’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on March 17, 2021; and
(2) The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on January 13, 2015, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.
We incorporate by reference any filings made by us with the SEC in accordance with Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and the date all of the securities offered hereby are sold or the offering is otherwise terminated, with the exception of any information furnished under Item 2.02 and Item 7.01 (including any financial statements or exhibits relating thereto furnished pursuant to Item 9.01) of Form 8-K, which is not deemed filed and which is not incorporated by reference herein. Any such filings shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference and to be a part of this prospectus from the respective dates of filing of those documents.
This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided below. Statements in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement at the SEC’s website, as provided above.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, without charge, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus, excluding any exhibits to those documents unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit in this prospectus. You should direct requests for documents to:
CPS Technologies Corp.
Attn: Chief Financial Officer
111 South Worcester Street
Norton, MA 02766
(508) 222-0614
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains our reports, proxy and other information regarding us and other issuers that file electronically with the SEC, at http://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available at our website (www.alsic.com). However, except for our filings with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, the information on our website is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of, or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
$25,000,000
Common Stock
______________________________________
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
______________________________________
Craig-Hallum
, 2021
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
| Item 14. | Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution. |
The expenses payable by the registrant in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered are set forth in the following table (all amounts except the registration fee are estimated):
| SEC registration fee | $ | 8183 | ||
| FINRA Filing Fees | (1) | |||
| Legal fees and expenses | (1) | |||
| Accounting fees and expenses | (1) | |||
| Printing fees and expenses | (1) | |||
| Transfer agent fees and expenses | (1) | |||
| Miscellaneous expenses | (1) | |||
| Total | $ | (1) |
(1) These fees and expenses are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly are not estimated at this time and will be reflected in the applicable prospectus supplement.
| Item 15. | Indemnification of Directors and Officers. |
Section 145(a) of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), because he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.
Section 145(b) of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor because the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made with respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or other adjudicating court determines that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all of the circumstances of the case, he or she is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or other adjudicating court shall deem proper.
Section 145(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, in general, that a corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the person against such liability under Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
The Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of our Company provide that our Company shall indemnify, to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, each person who is or was a director or officer of our Company. Pursuant to Delaware law, this includes elimination of liability for monetary damages for breach of the directors’ fiduciary duty of care to our Company and its stockholders. These provisions do not eliminate the directors’ duty of care and, in appropriate circumstances, equitable remedies such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief will remain available under Delaware law. In addition, each director will continue to be subject to liability for breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to our Company, for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct, for knowing violations of law, for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit, and for payment of dividends or approval of stock repurchases or redemptions that are unlawful under Delaware law. The provision also does not affect a director’s responsibilities under any other laws, such as the federal securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.
Our Company maintains a policy of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance that insures its directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment under some circumstances.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the indemnification provisions described herein, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
| Item 16. | Exhibits. |
See the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the signature pages of this registration statement, which is incorporated by reference herein.
| Item 17. | Undertakings. |
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
| (i) | To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); |
| (ii) | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and |
| (iii) | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; |
provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at the time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:
| (A) | Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and |
| (B) | Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. |
| (C) | As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date. |
(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, such undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
| (i) | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
| (ii) | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
| (iii) | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
| (iv) | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
(6) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(7) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the indemnification provisions described herein, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
EXHIBIT INDEX
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this document:
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | To be filed by amendment or as an exhibit to a document incorporated by reference into this registration statement at a later date, in connection with a specific offering. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the Town of Norton, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on this 20th day of April 2021.
| CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP. | ||
| By: | /s/ Grant C. Bennett | |
| Grant C. Bennett President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Grant C. Bennett and Charles K. Griffith, Jr. and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her, and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of CPS Technologies Corp. and any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) thereto and any new registration statement with respect to the offering contemplated thereby filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
Signature |
Title |
Date | ||
| /s/ Grant C. Bennett | President and Chief Executive Officer | |||
| Grant C. Bennett | (Principal Executive Officer) | April 20, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Charles K. Griffith, Jr. | Chief Financial Officer | |||
| Charles K. Griffith, Jr. | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | April 20, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Francis J. Hughes, Jr. | ||||
| Francis J. Hughes, Jr. | Director | April 20, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Daniel C. Snow | ||||
| Daniel C. Snow | Director | April 20, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Thomas M. Culligan | ||||
| Thomas M. Culligan | Director | April 20, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Ralph M. Norwood | ||||
| Ralph M. Norwood | Director | April 20, 2021 | ||
Exhibit 1.2
CPS Technologies Corp.
Common Stock
(par value $0.01 per share)
At-The-Market Issuance Sales Agreement
[l], 2021
Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC
222 South 9th Street, Suite 350
Minneapolis, MN 55402
Ladies and Gentlemen:
CPS Technologies Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), confirms its agreement (this “Agreement”) with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (“Craig-Hallum”), as follows:
1. Issuance and Sale of Shares. The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through Craig-Hallum, shares (the “Placement Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), up to an aggregate offering price of $[25,000,000], provided however, that in no event shall the Company issue or sell through Craig-Hallum such number of Placement Shares that (a) would cause the Company to not satisfy the eligibility requirements for use of Form S-3 (including Instruction I.B.6. thereof, if applicable), (b) exceeds the number of shares of Common Stock registered on the effective Registration Statement (as defined below) pursuant to which the offering is being made or (c) exceeds the number of authorized but unissued shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the lesser of (a), (b) and (c), the “Maximum Amount”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this Section 1 on the amount of Placement Shares issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that Craig-Hallum shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance if acting in accordance with any Placement Notice that has not been suspended or terminated by the Company. The issuance and sale of Placement Shares through Craig-Hallum will be effected pursuant to the Registration Statement (as defined below) filed by the Company and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to use the Registration Statement to issue any Placement Shares.
The Company has filed, simultaneous with the execution of this Agreement in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “Securities Act Regulations”), with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3, including a base prospectus, relating to certain securities, including the Placement Shares to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations thereunder. The Company has prepared a prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Placement Shares (the “Prospectus Supplement”) to the base prospectus included as part of such registration statement. The Company will furnish to Craig-Hallum, for use by Craig-Hallum, copies of the prospectus included as part of such registration statement, as supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, relating to the Placement Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, such registration statement, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus (as defined below) subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations or deemed to be a part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B of the Securities Act Regulations, is herein called the “Registration Statement.” The base prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in the Registration Statement, as it may be supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, any Interim Prospectus Supplement (as defined below), or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below), as applicable, in the form in which such prospectus, Prospectus Supplement, Interim Prospectus Supplement, and/or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus have most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations, is herein called the “Prospectus.” Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein, and any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing after the execution hereof of any document with the Commission deemed to be incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”).
For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or to any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to include the most recent copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System, or if applicable, the Interactive Data Electronic Application system when used by the Commission (collectively, “EDGAR”).
2. Placements. Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell Placement Shares hereunder (each, a “Placement”), it will notify Craig-Hallum by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the parties) of the proposed terms of such Placement, which shall include at a minimum the number of Placement Shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made (which time period, for the avoidance of doubt, shall consist solely of Trading Day(s) (as defined below)), any limitation on the number of Placement Shares that may be sold in any one day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made (a “Placement Notice”), the form of which is attached hereto as Schedule 1. The Placement Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company set forth on Schedule 3 (with a copy to each of the other individuals from the Company listed on such schedule), and shall be addressed to each of the individuals from Craig-Hallum set forth on Schedule 3, as such Schedule 3 may be amended from time to time. The Placement Notice shall be effective unless and until (i) Craig-Hallum declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole discretion by email notice to the Company within one Business Day (as defined below) from the time the Placement Notice is received, (ii) the entire amount of the Placement Shares thereunder have been sold, (iii) the Company suspends or terminates the Placement Notice or (iv) this Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of Section 13. The amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by the Company to Craig-Hallum in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms set forth in Schedule 2. It is expressly acknowledged and agreed that neither the Company nor Craig-Hallum will have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares unless and until the Company delivers a Placement Notice to Craig-Hallum and Craig-Hallum does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the terms set forth above, and then only upon the terms specified therein and herein. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control.
3. Sale of Placement Shares by Craig-Hallum.
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, Craig-Hallum will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations and the rules of the NASDAQ Capital Market (the “Exchange”), to sell the Placement Shares up to the amount specified, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice. Craig-Hallum will provide prompt written confirmation to the Company and in no event later than the opening of the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting forth the number of Placement Shares sold on such day, the compensation payable by the Company to Craig-Hallum pursuant to Section 2 with respect to such sales, and the Net Proceeds (as defined below) payable to the Company, with an itemization of the deductions made by Craig-Hallum (as set forth in Section 5(b)) from the gross proceeds that it receives from such sales. Subject to the terms of the Placement Notice, Craig-Hallum shall sell Placement Shares only by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act Regulations, including without limitation sales made directly on the Exchange, on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock or to or through a market maker. Subject to the terms of the Placement Notice and only with the Company’s prior written consent, Craig-Hallum may also sell Placement Shares by any other method permitted by law, including but not limited to in negotiated transactions. “Trading Day” means any day on which shares of Common Stock are purchased and sold on the Exchange, other than a day on which the Exchange is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time.
(b) During the term of this Agreement, neither Craig-Hallum nor any of its affiliates or subsidiaries shall engage in (i) any short sale of any security of the Company, (ii) any sale of any security of the Company that Craig-Hallum does not own or any sale which is consummated by the delivery of a security of the Company borrowed by, or for the account of, Craig-Hallum or (iii) any market making bidding, stabilization or other trading activity with respect to the Common Stock or related derivative securities, or attempt to induce another person to engage in any of the foregoing, if such activity would be prohibited under Regulation M or other anti-manipulation rules under the Securities Act. Neither Craig-Hallum nor any of its affiliates or subsidiaries shall engage in any proprietary trading or trading for Craig-Hallum’s (or its affiliates’ or subsidiaries’) own account.
4. Suspension of Sales. The Company or Craig-Hallum may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3), suspend any sale of Placement Shares; provided, however, that such suspension shall not affect or impair any party’s obligations with respect to any Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of such notice. Each of the parties agrees that no such notice under this Section 4 shall be effective against any other party unless it is made to one of the individuals named on Schedule 3 hereto, as such Schedule may be amended from time to time.
5. Sale and Delivery to Craig-Hallum; Settlement.
(a) Sale of Placement Shares. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, unless Craig-Hallum declines to accept the terms of a Placement Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, Craig-Hallum, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such Placement Shares up to the amount specified in, and otherwise in accordance with, the terms of such Placement Notice. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) there can be no assurance that Craig-Hallum will be successful in selling Placement Shares, (ii) Craig-Hallum will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any reason other than a failure by Craig-Hallum to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Placement Shares as required under this Agreement and (iii) Craig-Hallum shall be under no obligation to purchase Placement Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement, except as otherwise agreed by Craig-Hallum and the Company.
(b) Settlement of Placement Shares. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the second (2nd) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made (each, a “Settlement Date”). The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the Company on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the “Net Proceeds”) will be equal to the aggregate sales price received by Craig-Hallum, after deduction for (i) Craig-Hallum’s commission, discount or other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to Section 2 hereof, and (ii) any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales.
(c) Delivery of Placement Shares. On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Placement Shares being sold by crediting Craig-Hallum’s or its designee’s account (provided Craig-Hallum shall have given the Company written notice of such designee a reasonable period of time prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, Craig-Hallum will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on, or prior to, the Settlement Date. If the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver Placement Shares on a Settlement Date, the Company agrees that in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in Section 11(a) hereto, it will (i) hold Craig-Hallum harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or expense (including reasonable legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company or its transfer agent (if applicable) and (ii) pay to Craig-Hallum (without duplication) any commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default.
(d) Limitations on Offering Size. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares if, after giving effect to the sale of such Placement Shares, the aggregate gross sales proceeds of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of (A) together with all sales of Placement Shares under this Agreement, the Maximum Amount and (B) the amount authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement by the Company’s board of directors, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to Craig-Hallum in writing. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement at a price lower than any minimum price authorized from time to time by the Company’s board of directors, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to Craig-Hallum in writing.
(e) Affirmation of Representations. At each Applicable Time and Settlement Date, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation and warranty contained in this Agreement. Any obligation of Craig-Hallum to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Placement Shares on behalf of the Company as sales agent shall be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions specified in Section 10 of this Agreement.
(f) Exceptions to Obligation to Sell. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company and Craig-Hallum agree that no sales of Placement Shares shall take place, the Company shall not request the sales of any Placement Shares that would be sold and Craig-Hallum shall not be obligated to sell or offer to sell, during any period in which the Company is, or could reasonably be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information;
6. Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (including Incorporated Documents), the Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with Craig-Hallum that as of the date of this Agreement and as of each Applicable Time (as defined below), unless such representation, warranty or agreement specifies a different time:
(a) Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company and, assuming no act or omission on the part of Craig-Hallum that would make such statement untrue, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement meet the requirements for and comply with the conditions for the use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. The Registration Statement has been filed with the Commission and has been declared effective under the Securities Act. The Prospectus Supplement will name Craig-Hallum as an agent in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.” The Company has not received, and has no notice of, any order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, or threatening or instituting proceedings for that purpose, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. No post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed. The Registration Statement and the offer and sale of Placement Shares as contemplated hereby meet the requirements of Rule 415 under the Securities Act and comply in all material respects with said Rule. Any statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement have been so described or filed. Copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and any such amendments or supplements and all documents incorporated by reference therein that were filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement have been delivered, or are available through EDGAR, to Craig-Hallum and its counsel. The Company has not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of each Settlement Date and completion of the distribution of the Placement Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering or sale of the Placement Shares other than the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below). The Common Stock is currently quoted on the Exchange under the trading symbol “CPSH”.
(b) No Misstatement or Omission. (i) As of the date hereof, at the respective times that the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto became effective and at each Deemed Effective Time (as defined below), the Registration Statement did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) as of each Applicable Time, the Prospectus (as amended and supplemented at such Applicable Time) did not contain and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (iii) as of its date, the Prospectus did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and (iv) at any Settlement Date, the Prospectus (as amended and supplemented at such Settlement Date) did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the representations and warranties set forth in clauses (i)-(iv) above shall not apply to any statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by Craig-Hallum expressly for use in the Prospectus.
(c) Conformity with Securities Act and Exchange Act. (i) (A) At the respective times the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto became effective, (B) at each deemed effective date with respect to Craig-Hallum pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) under the Securities Act (each, a “Deemed Effective Time”), (C) as of each Applicable Time, (D) at each Settlement Date, and (E) at all times during the Prospectus Delivery Period (as defined below), the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable; (ii) the base prospectus complied at the time it was filed with the Commission, complies as of the date hereof and, as of each Applicable Time and at all times during the Prospectus Delivery Period, will comply in all material respects with the rules and regulations under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable; and (iii) each of the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto will comply, as of the date that such document is filed with the Commission, as of each Applicable Time, as of each Settlement Date and at all times during the Prospectus Delivery Period, in all material respects with the rules and regulations under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable.
(d) Incorporated Documents. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act, and none of such documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(e) Financial Information. The consolidated financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments) and have been prepared in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act and Exchange Act, as applicable, and in conformity with GAAP (as defined below) applied on a consistent basis (except for such adjustments to accounting standards and practices as are noted therein and except in the case of unaudited financial statements to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) during the periods involved; the other financial and statistical data with respect to the Company and the Subsidiaries contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are accurately and fairly presented in all material respects and prepared on a basis materially consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Company; there are no financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that are not included or incorporated by reference as required; the Company and the Subsidiaries do not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement (including the exhibits thereto and Incorporated Documents) and the Prospectus which are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (including exhibits thereto and Incorporated Documents); all disclosures contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable; and the interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in all material respects in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto.
(f) Conformity with EDGAR Filing. The Prospectus delivered to Craig-Hallum for use in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement will be identical to the versions of the Prospectus created to be transmitted to the Commission for filing via EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
(g) Organization. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are, and will be, duly organized, validly existing as a corporation and in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of organization. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are, and will be, duly licensed or qualified as a foreign corporation for transaction of business and in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which their respective ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective businesses requires such license or qualification, and have all corporate power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the assets, business, operations, earnings, properties, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, stockholders’ equity (as set forth on the Company’s most recent balance sheet included in the Incorporated Documents) or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic or the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement (a “Material Adverse Effect”).
(h) Subsidiaries. Schedule 4 hereto sets forth each of the Company’s Subsidiaries. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus, the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the equity interests of the Subsidiaries free and clear of any lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal or other restriction, and all the equity interests of the Subsidiaries are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights. “Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.
(i) Dividend Restrictions. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, and subject to the existence of legally available funds, no Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited or restricted, directly or indirectly, from paying dividends to the Company, or from making any other distribution with respect to such Subsidiary’s equity securities or from repaying to the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company any amounts that may from time to time become due under any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any property or assets to the Company or to any other Subsidiary.
(j) No Violation or Default. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority applicable to the Company, except, in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such violation or default that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s knowledge, no other party under any material contract or other agreement to which it or any of its Subsidiaries is a party is in default in any respect thereunder where such default would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(k) No Material Adverse Change. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus (including Incorporated Documents), and other than the Company’s execution of this Agreement and the sale of any Placement Shares hereunder, there has not been (i) any Material Adverse Effect, (ii) any transaction which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (iii) any obligation or liability, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary, which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (iv) any material change in the capital stock or outstanding long-term indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary; (vi) material change in the outstanding indebtedness of the Company or (vii) alteration in the Company’s method of accounting, other than in each case above as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus (including any document deemed incorporated by reference therein).
(l) Capitalization. The issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and, other than as disclosed in or contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, are not subject to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights. The Company has an authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as of the dates referred to therein (other than the grant of additional options or other equity awards under the Company’s existing stock option plans, or changes in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise or conversion of securities exercisable for, or convertible into, shares of Common Stock outstanding on the date hereof or described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (including any document deemed incorporated by reference therein) or as a result of the issuance of Placement Shares) and such authorized capital stock conforms in all material respects to the description thereof set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. The description of the Common Stock in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (including any document deemed incorporated by reference therein) is complete and accurate in all material respects. Other than as set forth or described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as of the dates referred to therein, the Company did not have outstanding any options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible into, or exchangeable for, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell, any shares of capital stock or other securities.
(m) Authorization; Enforceability. The Company has full legal right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and perform the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and is a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that (i) enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles and (ii) the indemnification and contribution provisions of Section 11 hereof may be limited by federal or state securities laws and public policy considerations in respect thereof.
(n) Authorization of Placement Shares. The Placement Shares, when issued and delivered pursuant to the terms approved by the board of directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof, or a duly authorized executive committee, against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and non-assessable, free and clear of any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim (other than any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim arising from an act or omission of Craig-Hallum or a purchaser), including any statutory or contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal or other similar rights, and will be registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act. The Placement Shares, when issued, will conform in all material respects to the description thereof set forth in or incorporated into the Prospectus.
(o) Stock Exchange Listing. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and is listed on the Exchange, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from the Exchange nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or the Exchange is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. To the Company’s knowledge, it has complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange for maintenance of inclusion of the Common Stock on the Exchange.
(p) Descriptions and Exhibits. There are no statutes, regulations, documents or contracts of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement which are not described or filed as required.
(q) No Consents Required. No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or any governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the issuance and sale by the Company of the Placement Shares as contemplated hereby, except for the registration of the Placement Shares under the Securities Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws or by the by-laws and rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or the Exchange in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares by Craig-Hallum.
(r) No Preferential Rights. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) no person, as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act (each, a “Person”), has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause the Company to issue or sell to such Person any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company (other than upon the exercise of options or warrants to purchase Common Stock or upon the exercise of options or stock awards that may be granted from time to time under the Company’s stock option plans), (ii) no Person has any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal, or any other rights (whether pursuant to a “poison pill” provision or otherwise) to purchase any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company from the Company which have not been duly waived with respect to the offering contemplated hereby, (iii) except as may be disclosed to Craig-Hallum in writing, no Person has the right to act as an underwriter or as a financial advisor to the Company in connection with the offer and sale of the Common Stock, and (iv) no Person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to require the Company to register under the Securities Act any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company, or to include any such shares or other securities in the Registration Statement or the offering contemplated thereby, whether as a result of the filing or effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the sale of the Placement Shares as contemplated thereby or otherwise.
(s) Independent Public Accountant. Wolf & Company, P.C. (“Company Auditor”), whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission and incorporated into the Registration Statement, is and, during the periods covered by its reports, was, to the Company’s knowledge, an independent public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). To the Company’s knowledge, Company Auditor is not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) with respect to the Company.
(t) Enforceability of Agreements. To the Company’s knowledge, all agreements between the Company and third parties expressly referenced in the Prospectus, other than such agreements that have expired by their terms or whose termination is disclosed in documents filed by the Company on EDGAR, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent that (i) enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles and (ii) the indemnification provisions of certain agreements may be limited by federal or state securities laws or public policy considerations in respect thereof, except for any unenforceability that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(u) No Litigation. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings pending, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, to which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is the subject, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, are any such actions, suits or proceedings threatened or contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others, that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (i) there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings or, to the Company’s knowledge, investigations that are required under the Securities Act to be described in the Prospectus that are not described in the Prospectus including any Incorporated Document; and (ii) there are no contracts or other documents that are required under the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not so filed.
(v) Licenses and Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess or have obtained, and is in compliance with the terms and conditions of, all licenses, certificates, consents, orders, approvals, permits and other authorizations issued by, and, to the Company’s knowledge, have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (the “Permits”), and all of the Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except where the failure to possess, obtain or make the same, or where the failure to comply or where the invalidity of such Permits or the failure of such Permits to be in full force and effect, would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have received written notice of any proceeding relating to revocation or modification of any such Permit or has any reason to believe that such Permit will not be renewed in the ordinary course.
(w) Market Capitalization. As of the close of trading on the Exchange on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement, the aggregate market value of the outstanding voting and non-voting common equity (as defined in Securities Act Rule 405) of the Company held by persons other than affiliates (as defined in Securities Act Rule 405) was $75 million or more (calculated in accordance with Instruction 1.B.1 of Form S-3). The Company is not a shell company (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) and has not been a shell company for at least 12 calendar months previously and if it has been a shell company at any time previously, has filed current Form 10 information (as defined in Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3) with the Commission at least 12 calendar months previously reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company.
(x) No Material Defaults. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has defaulted on any installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not filed a report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act since the filing of its last Annual Report on Form 10-K, indicating that it (i) has failed to pay any dividend or sinking fund installment on preferred stock or (ii) has defaulted on any installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(y) Certain Market Activities. Neither the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any of their respective directors, officers or controlling persons has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed, or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, the stabilization or manipulation of the Common Stock or any other “reference security” (as defined in Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act (“Regulation M”)) of the Company whether to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares or otherwise, and has taken no action which would directly or indirectly violate Regulation M. The Company acknowledges that Craig-Hallum may engage in passive market making transactions in the Placement Shares on the Exchange in accordance with Regulation M.
(z) Broker/Dealer Relationships. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries or any related entities (i) is required to register as a “broker” or “dealer” in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Act or (ii) directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is a “person associated with a member” or “associated person of a member” (within the meaning set forth in the FINRA Manual).
(aa) No Reliance. The Company has not relied upon Craig-Hallum or legal counsel for Craig-Hallum for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares.
(bb) Taxes. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith and as to which adequate reserves have been provided, except where the failure to do so with respect to state, local and foreign tax returns would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in or contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect.
(cc) Title to Real and Personal Property. The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all items of real property and good and valid title to all personal property (excluding Intellectual Property) reflected as owned in the financial statements referred to in Section 6(e) or described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus as being owned by them that are material to the businesses of the Company or such Subsidiary, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and claims, except those that (i) do not materially interfere with the use made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. No real property owned, leased, licensed, or used by the Company lies in an area which is, or will be, subject to restrictions which would prohibit, and no statements of facts relating to the actions or inaction of another person or entity or his or its ownership, leasing, licensing, or use of any real or personal property exists or will exist which would prevent, the continued effective ownership, leasing, licensing, exploration, development or production or use of such real property in the business of the Company as presently conducted or as the Registration Statement or the Prospectus indicates the Company contemplates conducting, except as may be properly described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or such as in the aggregate do not now cause and will not in the future cause a Material Adverse Effect. Any real property described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus as being leased by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries is held by them under valid, existing and enforceable leases, except those that (A) do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(dd) Intellectual Property. To its knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks (both registered and unregistered), service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses and know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”), necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as conducted and as described in the Registration Statement, including the Incorporated Documents, and the Prospectus as of the date hereof, except to the extent that the failure to own or possess adequate rights to use such Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; except as disclosed in writing to Craig-Hallum, the Company and any of its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice of any claim of infringement or conflict which asserted Intellectual Property rights of others; there are no pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened judicial proceedings or interference proceedings against the Company or its Subsidiaries challenging the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ rights in or to or the validity of the scope of any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ owned material patents, patent applications or proprietary information; no other entity or individual has any right or claim in any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ owned material patents, patent applications or any patent to be issued therefrom by virtue of any contract, license or other agreement entered into between such entity or individual and the Company or a Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, by any non-contractual obligation of the Company or a Subsidiary, other than by written licenses granted by the Company or a Subsidiary; the Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice of any claim challenging the rights of the Company or a Subsidiary in or to any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company and its Subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or any Subsidiary, and all such agreements are in full force and effect. To the Company’s knowledge, there are no material defects in any of the patents or patent applications included in the Intellectual Property. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect, maintain and safeguard their Intellectual Property, including the execution of nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements. The Intellectual Property described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as under development by the Company or any Subsidiary fall within the scope of the claims of one or more patents owned by, or exclusively licensed to, the Company or any Subsidiary.
(ee) Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules, regulations, decisions and orders relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (collectively, “Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received and are in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; and (iii) have not received notice of any actual or potential liability for the investigation or remediation of any disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, for any such failure to comply or failure to receive required permits, licenses, other approvals or liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except for abandonment and similar costs incurred or to be incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Company, there has been no material spill, discharge, leak, emission, injection, escape, dumping or release of any kind onto any property now or previously owned, leased or operated by the Company or into the environment surrounding such property of any hazardous substances or hazardous wastes due to or caused by the Company (or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its predecessors in interest), except for any such spill, discharge, leak, emission, injection, escape, dumping or release that would not, singularly or in the aggregate with all such spills, discharges, leaks, emissions, injections, escapes, dumpings and releases, result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the terms “hazardous substances,” and “hazardous wastes” shall be construed broadly to include such terms and similar terms, all of which shall have the meanings specified in any applicable local, state and federal laws or regulations with respect to environmental protection. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, the Company has not been named as a “potentially responsible party” under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended.
(ff) Disclosure Controls. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries maintain systems of internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences; and (v) interactive data in eXtensible BusinessReporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in all material respects in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto. The Company’s system of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and has been designed by, or under the supervision of, its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Except as described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in or incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, (a) the Company has not been advised of (1) any significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting that are reasonably likely to materially affect the ability of the Company to record, process, summarize and report financial information or data, or any material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting and (2) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the internal controls over financial reporting of the Company, and (b) since that date, there has been no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is made known to the certifying officers by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the case may be, is being prepared. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls (as such term is defined in Item 307(b) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act) or, to the Company’s knowledge, in other factors that could significantly adversely affect the Company’s internal controls. To the knowledge of the Company, the Company’s “internal controls over financial reporting” and “disclosure controls and procedures” are effective.
(gg) Open Source Software. (i) The Company uses and has used any and all software and other materials distributed under a “free,” “open source,” or similar licensing model (including but not limited to the MIT License, Apache License, GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License and GNU Affero General Public License) (“Open Source Software”) in compliance with all license terms applicable to such Open Source Software; and (ii) the Company has not used or distributed and does not use or distribute any Open Source Software in any manner that requires or has required (A) the Company to permit reverse engineering of any software code or other technology owned by the Company or (B) any software code or other technology owned by the Company to be (1) disclosed or distributed in source code form, (2) licensed for the purpose of making derivative works or (3) redistributed at no charge.
(hh) Data Security. (i) The Company has complied, in all material respects, and is presently in compliance, in all material respects, with all internal and external privacy policies, contractual obligations, industry standards, applicable laws, statutes, judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or other governmental or regulatory authority and any other legal obligations, in each case, relating to the collection, use, transfer, import, export, storage, protection, disposal and disclosure by the Company of personal, personally identifiable, household, sensitive, confidential or regulated data (“Data Security Obligations”, and such data, “Data”); (ii) the Company has not received any notification of or complaint regarding and is unaware of any other facts that, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably indicate any non-compliance with any Data Security Obligations; and (iii) there is no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body pending or threatened alleging non-compliance with any Data Security Obligation nor are there any incidents under internal review or investigations relating to the same.
(ii) Data Protection; No Breaches. The Company’s information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with, the operation of the business of the Company as currently conducted, and to the Company’s knowledge, are free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company has taken commercially reasonable steps to protect the information technology systems and Data used in connection with the operation of the Company’s business. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company has used reasonable efforts to establish and maintain, and has established, maintained, implemented and complied with, reasonable information technology, information security, cyber security and data protection controls, policies and procedures, including oversight, access controls, encryption, technological and physical safeguards and business continuity/disaster recovery and security plans that are designed to protect against and prevent breach, destruction, loss, unauthorized distribution, use, access, disablement, misappropriation or modification, or other compromise or misuse of or relating to any information technology system or Data used in connection with the operation of the Company’s business (“Breach”). There has been no such Breach, and the Company has not been notified of and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any such Breach, except in each case as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(jj) Sarbanes-Oxley. There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with any applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Each of the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company as applicable) has made all certifications required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it or furnished by it to the Commission. For purposes of the preceding sentence, “principal executive officer” and “principal financial officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
(kk) Finder’s Fees. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for any finder’s fees, brokerage commissions or similar payments in connection with the transactions herein contemplated, except as may otherwise exist with respect to Craig-Hallum pursuant to this Agreement.
(ll) No Registration Rights. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus and as have been validly complied with or waived, there are no persons with registration rights or other similar rights to have any securities of the Company registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or sold in the offering contemplated by this Agreement.
(mm) Actively-Traded Security. The Common Stock is an “actively-traded security” excepted from the requirements of Rule 101 of Regulation M by subsection (c)(1) of such rule.
(nn) Labor Disputes. No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is threatened which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(oo) Investment Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Placement Shares, will be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
(pp) Operations. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions to which the Company or its Subsidiaries are subject, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency having jurisdiction over the Company or its Subsidiaries (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), except as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(qq) Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. There are no transactions, arrangements and other relationships between and/or among the Company, and/or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity (each, an “Off Balance Sheet Transaction”) that would reasonably be expected to affect materially the Company’s liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources, including those Off Balance Sheet Transactions described in the Commission’s Statement about Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (Release Nos. 33-8056; 34-45321; FR-61), in each case that are required to be described in the Prospectus which have not been described as required.
(rr) ERISA. (i) Each material employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company or any of its affiliates for employees or former employees of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); (ii) no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred with respect to any such plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; and (iii) for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no “accumulated funding deficiency” as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived; and (iv) the Company could not reasonably be expected to have any liability (whether actual, contingent or otherwise) with respect to any plan or other contract, agreement, arrangement or policy that provides for retiree or post-employment welfare benefits other than as required by Section 4980B of the Code or similar state laws, other than, in the case of (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) above, as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No other event set forth in Section 4043(b) of ERISA (excluding events with respect to which the 30-day notice requirement under Section 4043 of ERISA has been waived) has occurred with respect to any plan and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) equals or exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.
(ss) Forward Looking Statements. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) (a “Forward Looking Statement”) contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
(tt) Statistical and Market Data. The statistical and market and industry-related data included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources which the Company believes to be reliable and accurate or represent the Company’s good faith estimates that are made on the basis of data derived from such sources, and the Company has obtained the written consent to the use of such data from sources to the extent required.
(uu) Margin Rules. Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the Placement Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors.
(vv) Insurance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as the Company reasonably believes are adequate for the use of their properties and as is customary for companies of similar size engaged in similar businesses in similar industries. The Company has not been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and the Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(ww) No Improper Practices. (i) Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries, nor to the Company’s knowledge, any of their respective executive officers has, in the past five years, made any unlawful contributions to any candidate for any political office (or failed fully to disclose any contribution in violation of law) or made any offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization or approval of any unlawful payment or benefit, contribution or other payment, directly or indirectly, to any official of, or candidate for, any federal, state, municipal, or foreign office or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duty in violation of any law or of the character required to be disclosed in the Prospectus; (ii) no relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of any of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers and stockholders of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary, on the other hand, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iii) no relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any Subsidiary or any affiliate of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders or directors of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary, on the other hand, that is required by the rules of FINRA to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iv) except as described in the Prospectus, there are no material outstanding loans or advances or material guarantees of indebtedness by the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary to or for the benefit of any of their respective officers or directors or any of the members of the families of any of them; (v) the Company has not offered, or caused any placement agent to offer, Common Stock to any person with the intent to influence unlawfully (A) a customer or supplier of the Company or any Subsidiary to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or type of business with the Company or any Subsidiary or (B) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company or any Subsidiary or any of their respective products or services; (vi) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company or any Subsidiary has made any payment of funds of the Company or any Subsidiary or received or retained any funds in violation of any law, rule or regulation including, without limitation, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any applicable law or regulation implementing the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, or committed an offence under the Bribery Act 2010 of the United Kingdom or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption law; and (iv) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company or any Subsidiary has made, offered, agreed, requested or taken an act in furtherance of any unlawful bribe or other unlawful benefit, including, without limitation, any rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful or improper payment or benefit. The Company has instituted, maintained and enforced, and will continue to maintain and enforce policies and procedures designed to promote and ensure compliance with all applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws. The Company will not use, directly or indirectly, the proceeds from the offering the of Placement Shares hereunder in furtherance of any offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization or approval of any payment or benefit, giving or receipt of money, property, gifts or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any anti-corruption laws.
(xx) Other Underwriting Agreements. Except for this Agreement the Company is not a party to any agreement with an agent or underwriter for any other “at the market” or continuous equity transaction.
(yy) Status Under the Securities Act. (i) At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2)) of the Placement Shares and (ii) as of the Applicable Time and on each such time this representation is repeated or deemed to be made (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act), without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer.
(zz) No Misstatement or Omission in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus. Any free writing prospectus that the Company was or is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act or that was prepared by or on behalf of or used or referred to by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date and as of each Applicable Time (as defined in Section 27 below), did not, does not and will not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, including any incorporated document deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by Craig-Hallum specifically for use therein. Each broadly available road show, if any, when considered together with the Prospectus, does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by Craig-Hallum expressly for use in a broadly available road show and the Prospectus. Except for electronic road shows, if any, furnished to and approved by Craig-Hallum, the Company has not prepared, used or referred to, and will not, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.
(aaa) No Conflicts. Neither the execution of this Agreement by the Company, nor the issuance, offering or sale of the Placement Shares, nor the consummation by the Company of any of the transactions contemplated herein and therein, nor the compliance by the Company with the terms and provisions hereof and thereof will conflict with, or will result in a breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or has constituted or will constitute a default under, or has resulted in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of any contract or other agreement to which the Company may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, except such conflicts, breaches, defaults, liens, charges or encumbrances that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; nor will such action result (x) in any violation of the provisions of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, or (y) in any material violation of the provisions of any statute or any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or of any court or of any federal, state or other regulatory authority or other government body having jurisdiction over the Company, except, in the case of clause (y), where such violation would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(bbb) OFAC. (i) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (collectively, the “Entity”) or, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate or representative of the Entity, is a government, individual, or entity (in this paragraph (tt), “Person”) that is, or is owned or controlled by a Person that is:
(A) the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), the United Nations Security Council (“UNSC”), the European Union (“EU”), Her Majesty’s Treasury (“HMT”), or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, “Sanctions”), nor
(B) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions (each, a “Sanctioned Country”).
(ii) The Company represents and covenants that the Entity will not, directly or indirectly, knowingly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person:
(A) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person that is the subject of Sanctions or in a Sanctioned Country; or
(B) in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise).
(iii) The Company represents and covenants that, except as detailed in the Prospectus, for the past five years, the Entity has not knowingly engaged in, is not now knowingly engaged in, and will not knowingly engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.
(ccc) Stock Transfer Taxes. On each Settlement Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Placement Shares to be sold hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with in all material respects.
(ddd) FINRA Exemption. To enable Craig-Hallum to rely upon Rule 5110(h)(1)(C) of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the Company represents that it is an “experienced issuer” as defined in FINRA Rule 5110(j)(6).
Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to Craig-Hallum or to counsel for Craig-Hallum pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company, as applicable, to Craig-Hallum as to the matters set forth therein.
The Company acknowledges that Craig-Hallum and, for purposes of the opinions to be delivered pursuant to Section 7 hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to Craig-Hallum, will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and hereby consents to such reliance.
7. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees with Craig-Hallum that:
(a) Registration Statement Amendments. After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a Prospectus relating to any Placement Shares is required to be delivered by Craig-Hallum under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act) (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”), (i) the Company will notify Craig-Hallum promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference, has been filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus (other than documents incorporated by reference therein) has been filed and of any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information, (ii) the Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus (except for documents incorporated by reference therein) unless a copy thereof has been submitted to Craig-Hallum before the filing and Craig-Hallum has not reasonably and in good faith objected thereto within two Business Days of receiving such copy (provided, however, that (A) the failure of Craig-Hallum to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect Craig-Hallum’s right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement, (B) the Company has no obligation to provide Craig-Hallum any advance copy of such filing or to provide Craig-Hallum an opportunity to object to such filing if such filing does not name Craig-Hallum or does not relate to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (C) the only remedy Craig-Hallum shall have with respect to the failure by the Company to provide Craig-Hallum with such copy or the filing of such amendment or supplement despite Craig-Hallum’s objection shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement) and the Company will furnish to Craig-Hallum at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or Prospectus, except for those documents available via EDGAR; (iii) the Company will cause each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act or, in the case of any document to be incorporated therein by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, within the time period prescribed (the determination to file or not file any amendment or supplement with the Commission under this Section 7(a), based on the Company’s reasonable opinion or reasonable objections, shall be made exclusively by the Company); (iv) the Company will furnish to Craig-Hallum a copy of each proposed free writing prospectus to be prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and not to use or refer to any proposed free writing prospectus to which Craig-Hallum reasonably objects; and (v) not to take any action that would result in Craig-Hallum or the Company being required to file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act a free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of Craig-Hallum that Craig-Hallum otherwise would not have been required to file thereunder.
(b) Notice of Commission Stop Orders. The Company will advise Craig-Hallum, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose; and it will promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued. The Company will advise Craig-Hallum promptly after it receives any request by the Commission for any amendments to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplements to the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information related to the offering of the Placement Shares or for additional information related to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.
(c) Delivery of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to comply in all material respects with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and to file on or before their respective due dates all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d) or any other provision of or under the Exchange Act. If the Company has omitted any information from the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430A under the Securities Act, it will use its best efforts to comply with the provisions of and make all requisite filings with the Commission pursuant to said Rule 430A and to notify Craig-Hallum promptly of all such filings. If during the Prospectus Delivery Period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify Craig-Hallum to suspend the offering of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; provided, however, that the Company may delay any such amendment or supplement if, in the judgment of the Company, it is in the best interests of the Company to do so. For the duration of the Delivery Period, the Company will include in its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and in its annual reports on Form 10-K, a summary detailing, for the relevant reporting period, (i) the number of Placement Shares sold through Craig-Hallum pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) the Net Proceeds received by the Company from such sales and (iii) the compensation paid by the Company to Craig-Hallum with respect to such sales (or alternatively, to prepare a prospectus supplement (each, an “Interim Prospectus Supplement”) with such summary information and, at least once a quarter and subject to Section 7(b) above, file such Interim Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (and within the time periods required by Rule 424(b) and Rules 430A, 430B or 430C under the Securities Act)).
(d) Permitted Free Writing Prospectus. To file any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below) to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Securities Act and to provide copies of the Prospectus and such Prospectus Supplement and each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent not previously delivered or filed on EDGAR or any successor system thereto) to Craig-Hallum via electronic mail in “.pdf” format on such filing date to an electronic mail account designated by Craig-Hallum and, at Craig-Hallum’s request, to also furnish copies of the Prospectus and such Prospectus Supplement to the Exchange and each other exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares were effected, in each case, as may be required by the rules or regulations of the Exchange or such other exchange or market.
(e) Listing of Placement Shares. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Placement Shares to be listed on the Exchange and to qualify the Placement Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as Craig-Hallum reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Placement Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or dealer in securities or file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction.
(f) Delivery of Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company will furnish to Craig-Hallum and its counsel (at the expense of the Company) copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference therein) and all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are filed with the Commission during the Prospectus Delivery Period (including all documents filed with the Commission during such period that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in such quantities as Craig-Hallum may from time to time reasonably request and, at Craig-Hallum’s request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus, which it may provide electronically) to Craig-Hallum to the extent such document is available on EDGAR. In case Craig-Hallum is required to deliver, under the Securities Act (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act or any similar rule), a prospectus relating to the Placement Shares after the nine-month period referred to in Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act, or after the time a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is required pursuant to Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, upon the request of Craig-Hallum, and at its own expense, the Company shall prepare and deliver to Craig-Hallum as many copies as Craig-Hallum may reasonably request of an amended Registration Statement or amended or supplemented prospectus complying with Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K or Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act, as the case may be.
(g) Earnings Statement. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable an earnings statement covering a period of at least 12 months beginning with the first fiscal quarter of the Company occurring after the date of this Agreement that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 of the Securities Act.
(h) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled “Use of Proceeds.”
(i) New Registration Statement. If the third anniversary of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement occurs before all the Placement Shares have been sold, prior to such third anniversary, to file a new shelf registration statement and to take any other action necessary to permit the public offering of the Placement Shares to continue without interruption (references herein to the Registration Statement shall include the new registration statement that is declared effective by, or becomes effective upon filing with, the Commission).
(j) Notice of Other Sales. Without the prior written consent of Craig-Hallum, the Company will not, directly or indirectly, offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of any Common Stock (other than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock during the period beginning on the date on which any Placement Notice is delivered to Craig-Hallum hereunder and ending on the second (2nd) Trading Day immediately following the final Settlement Date with respect to Placement Shares sold pursuant to such Placement Notice (or, if the Placement Notice has been terminated or suspended prior to the sale of all Placement Shares covered by a Placement Notice, the date of such suspension or termination); and, at any time during which a Placement Notice is pending and for two (2) Trading Days after the last sale of Placement Shares under such Placement Notice, will not directly or indirectly in any other “at the market” or continuous equity transaction offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of any shares of Common Stock (other than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock prior to the termination of this Agreement with respect to Placement Shares sold pursuant to such Placement Notice; provided, however, that such restrictions will not be required in connection with the Company’s issuance or sale of (i) Common Stock, options to purchase Common Stock or stock awards or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or vesting of stock awards, pursuant to any employee or director stock option or benefits plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan (but not Common Stock subject to a waiver to exceed plan limits in its dividend reinvestment plan) of the Company whether now in effect or hereafter implemented; (ii) Common Stock issuable upon conversion of securities or the exercise of warrants, options or other rights in effect or outstanding, and disclosed in filings by the Company available on EDGAR or otherwise in writing to Craig-Hallum and (iii) Common Stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock, offered and sold in a privately negotiated transaction to vendors, customers, investors, strategic partners or potential strategic partners and conducted in a manner so as not to be integrated with the offering of Common Stock hereby.
(k) Change of Circumstances. The Company will, at any time during the pendency of a Placement Notice, advise Craig-Hallum promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect in any material respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other document required to be provided to Craig-Hallum pursuant to this Agreement.
(l) Due Diligence Cooperation. The Company will cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by Craig-Hallum or its representatives in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, providing information and making available documents and senior corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company’s principal offices or such other location mutually agreeable by the parties, as Craig-Hallum may reasonably request.
(m) Beneficial Owners. The Company will deliver to Craig-Hallum (or its agent), on the date of execution of this Agreement, a properly completed and executed Certification Regarding Beneficial Owners of Legal Entity Customers, together with copies of identifying documentation, and the Company undertakes to provide such additional supporting documentation as Craig-Hallum may reasonably request in connection with the verification of the foregoing Certification.
(n) Required Filings Relating to Placement of Placement Shares. The Company agrees that on such dates as the Securities Act shall require, the Company will (i) file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (the date of each and every such filing under Rule 424(b), a “Filing Date”), which prospectus supplement will set forth, within the relevant period, the amount of Placement Shares sold through Craig-Hallum, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the maximum compensation payable by the Company to Craig-Hallum with respect to such Placement Shares, and (ii) deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such sales were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market.
(o) Representation Dates; Certificate. On the date of this Agreement and each time during the term of this Agreement the Company:
(i) files the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares or amends or supplements (other than a prospectus supplement relating solely to an offering of securities other than the Placement Shares) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares by means of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of documents by reference into the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares;
(ii) files an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act (including any Form 10-K/A containing restated financial statements or a material amendment to the previously filed Form 10-K);
(iii) files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act; or
(iv) files a current report on Form 8-K containing amended audited financial information (other than information “furnished” pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or to provide disclosure pursuant to Item 8.01 of Form 8-K relating to the reclassification of certain properties as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144) under the Exchange Act;
(Each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) shall be a “Representation Date”)
the Company shall furnish Craig-Hallum (but in the case of clause (iv) above only if Craig-Hallum reasonably determines that the information contained in such Form 8-K is material) with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(o). The requirement to provide a certificate under this Section 7(o) shall be automatically waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Placement Notice is pending, which waiver shall continue until the date the Company delivers a Placement Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date); provided, however, that such waiver shall not apply for any Representation Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide Craig-Hallum with a certificate under this Section 7(o), then before the Company delivers the Placement Notice or Craig-Hallum sells any Placement Shares, the Company shall provide Craig-Hallum with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(o), dated the date of the Placement Notice.
(p) Secretary’s Certificate. On the date of this Agreement and each time during the term of this Agreement, the Company shall furnish to Craig-Hallum with a certificate, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Craig-Hallum, executed by the Secretary of the Company, signing in such capacity, dated the date of delivery (i) certifying that attached thereto are true and complete copies of the resolutions duly adopted by the board of directors of the Company authorizing the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, which authorization shall be in full force and effect on and as of the date of such certificate, (ii) certifying and attesting to the office, incumbency, due authority and specimen signature of each person who executed this Agreement for or on behalf of the Company, and (iii) contain any other certification that Craig-Hallum shall reasonably request.
(q) Legal Opinion. On each Representation Date, the Company shall cause to be furnished to Craig-Hallum, dated as of such date, in form and substance satisfactory to Craig-Hallum, the written opinion and negative assurance letter of BRL Law Group LLC, or such other counsel to the Company reasonably satisfactory to Craig-Hallum (“Company Counsel”), modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such opinion and negative assurance letter. In lieu of delivering such an opinion for dates subsequent to the commencement of the offering of the Placement Shares under this Agreement such counsel may furnish Craig-Hallum with a letter (a “Reliance Letter”) to the effect that Craig-Hallum may rely on a prior opinion delivered under this Section, to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented as of such subsequent date).
(r) Comfort Letter. Upon commencement of the offering of the Placement Shares under this Agreement and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is amended or supplemented to include additional financial information, (ii) the Company files an annual report on Form 10-K or quarterly report on Form 10-Q, (iii) there is furnished to the Commission by the Company any document which contains additional or amended financial information, including any earnings release or, (iv) there is filed with the Commission any document (other than an annual report on Form 10-K or quarterly report on Form 10-Q) incorporated by reference into the Prospectus which contains additional or amended financial information, Company Auditor shall deliver to Craig-Hallum the comfort letter described in Section 10(g) (except that, in the case of clauses (iii) and (iv), the Company Auditor has up to two business days after the filing to deliver the comfort letter).
(s) Reserves. The Company will reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, Shares for the purpose of enabling the Company to satisfy its obligations hereunder.
(t) Consent to Trade. The Company consents to Craig-Hallum trading in the Common Stock for Craig-Hallum’s own account and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of the Placement Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement.
(u) Affirmation of Representations. That each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Placement Shares hereunder shall be deemed to be an affirmation to Craig-Hallum that the representations and warranties of the Company contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct as of the date of such acceptance as though made at and as of such date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties will be true and correct as of the Applicable Time and the Settlement Date for the Placement Shares relating to such acceptance as though made at and as of each of such dates (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented, relating to such Placement Shares).
(v) Convertible Securities The Company will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of the Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for the Common Stock or warrants or other rights to purchase the Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to the Common Stock or permit the registration under the Securities Act of any shares of the Common Stock, except for (i) the registration of the Placement Shares and the sales through Craig-Hallum pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof and referred to in the Prospectus, (iii) any shares of Common Stock issued or options to purchase Common Stock granted pursuant to existing employee benefit plans or long term incentive plan of the Company or (iv) any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to any stock repurchase plan of the Company, during the Prospectus Delivery Period, without (A) giving Craig-Hallum at least three business days’ prior written notice specifying the nature of the proposed sale and the date of such proposed sale and (B) Craig-Hallum suspending activity under this program for such period of time as requested by the Company.
(w) Market Activities. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action designed to cause or result in, or that constitutes or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of Common Stock or (ii) sell, bid for, or purchase Common Stock in violation of Regulation M, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Placement Shares other than Craig-Hallum, or (iii) take any action which would directly or indirectly violate Regulation M.
(x) Investment Company Act. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an “investment company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act.
(y) Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company and the Subsidiaries will maintain and keep accurate books and records reflecting their assets and maintain internal accounting controls in a manner designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and including those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, (iii) that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with management’s and the Company’s directors’ authorization, and (iv) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on its financial statements. The Company and the Subsidiaries will maintain such controls and other procedures, including, without limitation, those required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the applicable regulations thereunder that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to ensure that material information relating to the Company or the Subsidiaries is made known to them by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which such periodic reports are being prepared.
8. Representations and Covenants of Craig-Hallum. Craig-Hallum represents and warrants that it is duly registered as a broker-dealer under FINRA, the Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such states in which Craig-Hallum is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise required. Craig-Hallum shall continue, for the term of this Agreement, to be duly registered as a broker-dealer under FINRA, the Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such states in which Craig-Hallum is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise required, during the term of this Agreement. Craig-Hallum will comply with all applicable laws and regulations (including, without limitation, Regulation M) in connection with performing its obligations under this Agreement.
9. Payment of Expenses. Whether or not the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company covenants with Craig-Hallum to pay or cause to be paid, from time to time upon Craig-Hallum’s request, all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s counsel and the Company’s accountants in connection with the registration and delivery of the Placement Shares under the Securities Act and all other fees or expenses in connection with the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, any Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus, any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and amendments and supplements to any of the foregoing, including the filing fees payable to the Commission relating to the Placement Shares (within the time required by Rule 456(b)(1), if applicable), all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to Craig-Hallum, (ii) all costs and expenses related to the transfer and delivery of the Placement Shares, including any transfer or other taxes payable thereon, (iii) the cost of printing or producing any Blue Sky or Legal Investment memorandum in connection with the offer and sale of the Placement Shares under state securities laws and all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Placement Shares for offer and sale under state securities laws as provided herein, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for Craig-Hallum in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky or Legal Investment memorandum, (iv) all filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to Craig-Hallum incurred in connection with the offering contemplated by this Agreement relating to any review and qualification by FINRA, (v) all costs and expenses incident to listing the Placement Shares on the Exchange, (vi) the costs and charges of any transfer agent, registrar or depositary, (vii) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to background checks of the Company’s officers and directors in an amount not to exceed $1,000 per individual, (viii) the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to Craig-Hallum incurred in connection with the offering contemplated by this Agreement other than as set forth in this Section, provided that reimbursement pursuant to this clause (viii) shall be actual fees incurred up to $40,000 in upfront reasonable legal expenses and FINRA expenses, plus actual reasonable fees incurred up to $4,000 quarterly during the term for ongoing legal diligence requirements, and (ix) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder for which provision is not otherwise made in this Section.
10. Conditions to Craig-Hallum’s Obligations. The obligations of Craig-Hallum hereunder with respect to a Placement will be subject to the continuing accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, to the completion by Craig-Hallum of a due diligence review satisfactory to it in its reasonable judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by Craig-Hallum in its sole discretion) of the following additional conditions:
(a) Registration Statement Effective. The Registration Statement shall have become effective and shall be available for the sale of all Placement Shares contemplated to be issued by any Placement Notice.
(b) No Downgrades or Changes. Since the later of (A) the date of this Agreement and (B) the immediately preceding Representation Date: (i) there shall not have occurred any downgrading, nor shall any notice have been given of any intended or potential downgrading or of any review for a possible change that does not indicate the direction of the possible change, in the rating accorded any of the securities of the Company by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization”, as such term is defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act; and (ii) there shall not have occurred any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company, taken as a whole, from the respective dates of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that, in Craig-Hallum’s sole judgment, is material and adverse and that makes it, in Craig-Hallum’s sole judgment, impracticable to market the Replacement Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.
(c) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (i) receipt by the Company of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Placement Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv) any event that makes any material statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and, that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(d) No Misstatement or Material Omission. Craig-Hallum shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in Craig-Hallum’s reasonable opinion is material, or omits to state a fact that in Craig-Hallum’s opinion is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
(e) Material Changes. Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the Company’s reports filed with the Commission, there shall not have been any material adverse change, on a consolidated basis, in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any Material Adverse Effect, or any development in the business or affairs of the Company that could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Effect.
(f) Legal Opinion. Craig-Hallum shall have received the opinion and negative assurance letter of Company Counsel required to be delivered pursuant Section 7(l) on or before the date on which such delivery of such opinion is required pursuant to Section 7(l).
(g) Comfort Letter. Craig-Hallum shall have received at each Applicable Time, including at such time there is furnished to the Commission by the Company any document which contains additional or amended financial information, including any earnings release, letters dated such date in form and substance satisfactory to Craig-Hallum, from Company Auditor, current independent registered public accountant for the Company, (A) confirming that as of the date of its respective audit report(s), it was an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, (B) stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters in connection with registered public offerings (the first such letters from Company Auditor, the “Initial Comfort Letter”) and (C) updating the Initial Comfort Letter with any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any issuer free writing prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter.
(h) Representation Certificate. Craig-Hallum shall have received the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(o) on or before the date on which delivery of such certificate is required pursuant to Section 7(o).
(i) No Suspension. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on the Exchange and the Common Stock shall not have been delisted from the Exchange.
(j) Other Materials. On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant to Section 7(o), the Company shall have furnished to Craig-Hallum such appropriate further information, certificates and documents of the Company as Craig-Hallum may have reasonably requested in writing prior to such date and which are usually and customarily furnished by an issuer of securities in connection with the underwritten public offering thereof. All such certificates and documents will be in compliance with the provisions hereof. The Company will furnish Craig-Hallum with such conformed copies of such certificates and documents as Craig-Hallum shall reasonably request.
(k) Board Approval. Prior to instructing Craig-Hallum pursuant to this Agreement to make sales on any given day (or as otherwise agreed between the Company and Craig-Hallum), the Company’s board of directors or a committee thereof authorized by either such board of directors or any authorized committee thereof (the “Board”) (i) shall have approved the minimum price and maximum number of Placement Shares to be sold on such day and (ii) shall have provided to the Company an authorizing resolution approving such price and number. The instructions provided to Craig-Hallum by the Company, pursuant to this Agreement, on such day shall reflect the terms of such authorizing resolution.
(l) Securities Act Filings Made. All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior to the issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424.
(m) Approval for Listing. The Placement Shares shall either have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to notice of issuance, or the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on the Exchange at, or prior to, the issuance of any Placement Notice.
(n) Actively Traded Security. The Common Stock shall be an “actively traded security” excepted from the requirements of Rule 101 of Regulation M by subsection (c)(1) of such rule.
(o) No Termination Event. There shall not have occurred any event that would permit Craig-Hallum to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 13(a).
11. Indemnification and Contribution.
(a) Company Indemnification. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Craig-Hallum, its affiliates, directors, officers, employees and selling agents and each person, if any, who controls Craig-Hallum within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and each affiliate of Craig-Hallum within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act, as follows:
(i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in the any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
(ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; and
(iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above, provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made solely in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by Craig-Hallum expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto).
(b) Craig-Hallum Indemnification. Craig-Hallum agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who (i) controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or (ii) is controlled by or is under common control with the Company against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 11(a), as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendments thereto) or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by Craig-Hallum expressly for use therein.
(c) Procedure. Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 11 will, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this Section 11, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such action, enclosing a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i) any liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 11 and (ii) any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this Section 11 unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture or material impairment of rights or defenses by the indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party ([Company Counsel] shall be deemed reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party if the indemnifying party is the Company), and shall pay the fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceedings, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party, (2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are materially different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, (3) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. Such firm shall be designated in writing by Craig-Hallum, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 11(a), and by the Company, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 11(b). All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly after the indemnifying party receives a written invoice relating to fees, disbursements and other charges in reasonable detail. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the third and fourth sentences of this paragraph, the indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of each indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters contemplated by this Section 11 (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (1) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (2) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.
(d) Contribution. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 11 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company or Craig-Hallum, the Company and Craig-Hallum will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by the Company from persons other than Craig-Hallum, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and Craig-Hallum may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Craig-Hallum on the other hand. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Craig-Hallum on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total compensation received by Craig-Hallum (before deducting expenses) from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and Craig-Hallum, on the other hand, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or Craig-Hallum, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and Craig-Hallum agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 11(d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 11(d) shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this Section 11(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with Section 11(c) hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11(d), Craig-Hallum shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 11(d), any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, and any officers, directors, partners, employees or agents of Craig-Hallum, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each officer and director of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 11(d), will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this Section 11(d) except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party materially prejudiced the rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of Section 11(c) hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to Section 11(c) hereof.
(e) Non-Exclusive Remedies. The obligations of the parties to this Agreement contained in this Section 11 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any indemnified party at law or in equity.
(f) Information Provided by Craig-Hallum. It is understood and agreed that the only information furnished by Craig-Hallum to the Company pursuant to Section 11(a) or 11(b) that is included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any road show other material consists of the information set forth in the [l] paragraph under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus, and the information provided by Craig-Hallum in trading reports related to the sale of Placement Shares hereunder.
12. Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in Section 11 of this Agreement and all representations and warranties of the Company and Craig-Hallum herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive, as of their respective dates, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of Craig-Hallum, any controlling persons, or the Company (or any of their respective officers, directors or controlling persons), (ii) delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor or (iii) any termination of this Agreement.
13. Termination.
(a) Craig-Hallum may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, as hereinafter specified at any time (1) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the date as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any Material Adverse Effect, or any development that has occurred that is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or in the sole judgment of Craig-Hallum makes it impractical or inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Placement Shares, (2) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the sole judgment of Craig-Hallum, impracticable or inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Placement Shares, (3) if trading in the Common Stock has been suspended or limited by the Commission or the Exchange, or if trading generally on the Exchange has been suspended or limited, or minimum prices for trading have been fixed on the Exchange, (4) if any suspension of trading of any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market shall have occurred and be continuing for at least ten (10) Trading Days, (5) if a major disruption of securities settlements or clearance services in the United States shall have occurred and be continuing, or (6) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either U.S. Federal or New York authorities. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 5(b) (Settlement of Placement Shares), Section 5(c) (Delivery of Placement Shares), Section 9 (Payment of Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial), and Section 19 (Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. If Craig-Hallum elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 13(a), Craig-Hallum shall provide the required notice as specified in Section 14 (Notices).
(b) The Company shall have the right, by giving five (5) days’ notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 5(b), Section 5(c), Section 9, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18, and Section 19 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
(c) Craig-Hallum shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days’ notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 5(b), Section 5(c), Section 9, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18, and Section 19 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
(d) Unless earlier terminated pursuant to this Section 13, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of all of the Placement Shares through Craig-Hallum on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein except that the provisions of Section 9, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18, and Section 19 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
(e) This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections 13(a), (b), (c), or (d) above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided, however, that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 9, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18, and Section 19 shall remain in full force and effect. Upon termination of this Agreement and subject to the sections of this Agreement that will remain in full force and effect pursuant to this Section 13(e), the Company shall not have any liability to Craig-Hallum for any discount, commission or other compensation with respect to any Placement Shares not otherwise sold by Craig-Hallum under this Agreement.
(f) Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided, however, that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by Craig-Hallum or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
14. Notices. All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given by any party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified, and if sent to Craig-Hallum, shall be delivered to:
Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC
222 South 9th Street, Suite 350
Minneapolis, MN 55402
Attention: Rick Hartfiel
Telephone: (612) 334-6381
Facsimile: (612) 334-6399
with a copy to:
Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
2200 Wells Fargo Center
90 South Seventh Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3901
Attn: Jonathan R. Zimmerman
Email: Jon.Zimmerman@FaegreDrinker.com
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and if to the Company, shall be delivered to:
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CPS Technologies Corp.
111 South Worcester St.
Norton, MA 02766
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
Telephone: 508-222-0614
Email: cgriffith@alsic.com
with a copy to:
BRL Law Group LLC
380 Washington Street, Second Floor
Wellesley, MA 02481
Attention: Tom Rosedale
Telephone: 617-399-6931
Email: trosedale@brllawgroup.com
Each party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed given (i) when delivered personally or by verifiable facsimile transmission (with an original to follow) on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day, (ii) on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier and (iii) on the Business Day actually received if deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid). For purposes of this Agreement, “Business Day” shall mean any day on which the Exchange and commercial banks in the City of New York are open for business.
An electronic communication (“Electronic Notice”) shall be deemed written notice for purposes of this Section 14 if sent to the electronic mail address specified by the receiving party under separate cover. Electronic Notice shall be deemed received at the time the party sending Electronic Notice receives confirmation of receipt by the receiving party. Any party receiving Electronic Notice may request and shall be entitled to receive the notice on paper, in a non-electronic form (“Non-electronic Notice”) which shall be sent to the requesting party within ten (10) days of receipt of the written request for Non-electronic Notice.
15. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and Craig-Hallum and their respective successors and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 11 hereof. References to any of the parties contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party.
16. Adjustments for Stock Splits. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any share consolidation, stock split, stock dividend, corporate domestication or similar event effected with respect to the Placement Shares.
17. Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability. This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement Notices issued pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and Craig-Hallum, and no condition herein (express or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by each party whom the condition is meant to benefit. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable as written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder of the terms and provisions hereof shall be in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement.
18. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
19. CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM OR THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF (CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL, RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED) TO SUCH PARTY AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW.
20. Use of Information. Craig-Hallum may not use any information gained in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including due diligence, to advise any party with respect to transactions not expressly approved by the Company.
21. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile transmission.
22. Effect of Headings. The section and Exhibit headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
23. Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of Craig-Hallum (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), and Craig-Hallum represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Placement Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 405, required to be filed with the Commission. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by Craig-Hallum or by the Company, as the case may be, is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company represents and warrants that it has treated and agrees that it will treat any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. For the purposes of clarity, the parties hereto agree that all free writing prospectuses, if any, listed in Exhibit 23 hereto are Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses.
24. Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that:
(a) Craig-Hallum is acting solely as agent in connection with the public offering of the Placement Shares and in connection with each transaction contemplated by this Agreement and the process leading to such transactions, and no fiduciary or advisory relationship between the Company or any of its respective affiliates, stockholders (or other equity holders), creditors or employees or any other party, on the one hand, and Craig-Hallum, on the other hand, has been or will be created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether or not Craig-Hallum has advised or is advising the Company on other matters, and Craig-Hallum has no obligation to the Company with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement;
(b) it is capable of evaluating and understanding, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(c) Craig-Hallum has not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and it has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate;
(d) it is aware that Craig-Hallum and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and Craig-Hallum has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship or otherwise; and
(e) it waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against Craig-Hallum for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the sale of Placement Shares under this Agreement and agrees that Craig-Hallum shall not have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract, tort or otherwise) to it in respect of such a fiduciary duty claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on its behalf or in right of it or the Company, employees or creditors of Company, other than in respect of Craig-Hallum’s obligations under this Agreement and to keep information provided by the Company to Craig-Hallum and Craig-Hallum's counsel confidential to the extent not otherwise publicly-available.
25. Press Releases and Disclosure. The Company may issue a press release describing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby as soon as practicable following the date of this Agreement, and may file with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K, with this Agreement attached as an exhibit thereto, describing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the Company shall consult with Craig-Hallum prior to making such disclosures, and the parties hereto shall use all commercially reasonable efforts, acting in good faith, to agree upon a text for such disclosures that is reasonably satisfactory to all parties hereto. No party hereto shall issue thereafter any press release or like public statement (including, without limitation, any disclosure required in reports filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act) related to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby without the prior written approval of the other party hereto, except as may be necessary or appropriate in the reasonable opinion of the party seeking to make disclosure to comply with the requirements of applicable law or stock exchange rules and except for the disclosure required pursuant to Section 7(c) of this Agreement in the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or annual reports on Form 10-K. If any such press release or like public statement is so required, the party making such disclosure shall consult with the other party prior to making such disclosure, and the parties shall use all commercially reasonable efforts, acting in good faith, to agree upon a text for such disclosure that is reasonably satisfactory to all parties hereto.
| 26. | Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes. |
(a) In the event that Craig-Hallum is a Covered Entity (as defined in this Section) and becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime (as defined in this Section), the transfer from Craig-Hallum of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
(b) In the event that Craig-Hallum is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate (as defined in this Section) of Craig-Hallum becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights (as defined in this Section) under this Agreement that may be exercised against Craig-Hallum are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
(c) For purposes of this Section 26: (i) a “BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k); (ii) a “Covered Entity” means any of the following: (A) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (B) “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (C) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b); (iii) “Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable; and (iv) “U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (A) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (B) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
27. Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the respective meanings set forth below:
“Applicable Time” means (i) each Representation Date and (ii) the time of each sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement.
“Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, relating to the Placement Shares that (1) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, (2) is a “road show” that is a “written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i) whether or not required to be filed with the Commission, or (3) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description of the Placement Shares or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g) under the Securities Act Regulations.
“Rule 164,” “Rule 172,” “Rule 405,” “Rule 415,” “Rule 424,” “Rule 424(b),” “Rule 430B,” and “Rule 433” refer to such rules under the Securities Act Regulations.
All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that is “contained,” “included” or “stated” in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be.
All references in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; all references in this Agreement to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (other than any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that, pursuant to Rule 433, are not required to be filed with the Commission) shall be deemed to include the copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; and all references in this Agreement to “supplements” to the Prospectus shall include, without limitation, any supplements, “wrappers” or similar materials prepared in connection with any offering, sale or private placement of any Placement Shares by Craig-Hallum outside of the United States.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and Craig-Hallum, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and Craig-Hallum.
Very truly yours,
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
By:
Name:
Title:
ACCEPTED as of the date first-above written:
CRAIG-HALLUM CAPITAL GROUP LLC
By:
Name:
Title:
SCHEDULE 1
_________________________________
FORM OF PLACEMENT NOTICE
_________________________________
From: CPS Technologies Corp.
| To: |
Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC
|
| Attention: | [l] |
Subject: At-The-Market Issuance--Placement Notice
Gentlemen:
Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the At-The-Market Issuance Sales Agreement between CPS Technologies Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (“Craig-Hallum”), dated [l], 2021, the Company hereby requests that Craig-Hallum sell up to ____________ of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a minimum market price of $[●] per share, during the time period beginning [month, day, time] and ending [month, day, time]. [The Company may include such other sales parameters as it deems appropriate.]
SCHEDULE 2
__________________________
Compensation
__________________________
The compensation to Craig-Hallum for sales of the Placement Shares with respect to which Craig-Hallum acts as sales agent hereunder shall be 3.0% of the gross offering proceeds of the Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement (the “Selling Commission”). For each sale of Placement Shares, the amount of sale proceeds remaining after payment of the Selling Commission shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company for such sale of Placement Shares (the “Net Proceeds”). The Company shall pay to Craig-Hallum, on the applicable Settlement Date, the Selling Commission for the applicable Placement Shares sold by Craig-Hallum (which amount may be withheld by Craig-Hallum from the gross proceeds from the sale of such Placement Shares). For the avoidance of doubt, any expense payment and reimbursement obligations of the Company set forth in Section 9 of the Agreement shall be separate and independent obligations of the Company and shall not be deemed a credit or otherwise act to offset the compensation to Craig-Hallum pursuant to the Agreement.
SCHEDULE 3
__________________________
Notice Parties
__________________________
The Company:
Grant Bennett
Chuck Griffith
The above-mentioned individuals from the Company can be reached at 508-222-0614 and by email at gbennett@alsic.com and cgriffith@alsic.com, respectively.
Craig-Hallum:
Chris Jensen
| chris.jensen@craig-hallum.com |
(612) 334-6305
Joe Geelan
| jgeelan@craig-hallum.com |
| 612-334-6392 |
SCHEDULE 4
__________________________
Subsidiaries
__________________________
None.
EXHIBIT 7(o)
Form of Representation Date Certificate
[DATE]
This Officer’s Certificate (this “Certificate”) is executed and delivered pursuant to Section 7(o) of the At-The-Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Agreement”), dated [l], 2021, between CPS Technologies Corp. (the “Company”) and Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (“Craig-Hallum”). All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Agreement.
The undersigned, a duly appointed and authorized officer of the Company, having made reasonable inquiries to establish the accuracy of the statements below and having been authorized by the Company to execute this certificate on behalf of the Company, hereby certifies, on behalf of the Company and not in the undersigned’s individual capacity, as follows:
1. As of the date of this Certificate and as of each Applicable Time, if any, subsequent to the immediately preceding Representation Date, (i) the Registration Statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (iii) no event has occurred as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented as of the date hereof, in order to make the statements therein not untrue or misleading, or for (i) and (ii) to be true; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to statements in, or omissions from, any such document made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished to the Company by Craig-Hallum specifically for use in the preparation thereof.
2. Each of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in the Agreement was true and correct in all material respects when originally made, and, except for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date, is true and correct as of the date of this Certificate.
3. Except as waived by Craig-Hallum in writing, (i) each of the covenants required to be performed by the Company in the Agreement on or prior to the date of the Agreement, this Representation Date, and each such other date prior to the date hereof as set forth in the Agreement, has been duly, timely and fully performed in all material respects and (ii) each condition required to be complied with by the Company on or prior to the date of the Agreement, this Representation Date, and each such other date prior to the date hereof as set forth in the Agreement has been duly, timely and fully complied with in all material respects.
4. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof has been issued, and, to the Company’s knowledge, no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending under the Securities Act.
5. The Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus have been timely filed with the Commission under the Securities Act, and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission have been complied with or otherwise satisfied.
The undersigned has executed this Certificate on behalf of the Company as of the date first written above.
|
CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
|
| By: ________________________________ |
| Name: ________________________________ |
| Title: ________________________________ |
Exhibit 23
Permitted Free Writing Prospectus
[l]
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of our report dated March 16, 2021 relating to the financial statements of CPS Technologies Corp., which appears in CPS Technologies Corp.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 26, 2020.
We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ Wolf & Company, P.C.
Boston, Massachusetts
April 19, 2021
EXHIBIT 5.1
BRL Law Group LLC
380 Washington Street, 2nd Floor
Wellesley, MA 02481
| April 20, 2021 |
CPS Technologies Corp.
111 South Worcester Street
Norton, MA 02766
Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as legal counsel to CPS Technologies Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the registration statement on Form S-3, as amended (the “Registration Statement”), being filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), on the date hereof.
You have provided us with a draft of the Registration Statement in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission. The Registration Statement includes a base prospectus (the “Prospectus”), which provides that it will be supplemented in the future by one or more supplements to the Prospectus (each, a “Prospectus Supplement”). The Prospectus provides for the offering of the following securities: (i) shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Common Stock”), (ii) shares of the Company’s preferred stock, $0.01 par value per shares (“Preferred Stock”), (iii) warrants to purchase Common Stock or Units (as defined below) (“Warrants”), (iv) rights for the purchase of Common Stock (“Rights”), and (v) units comprised of Common Stock and Warrants (“Units”). The Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants, Rights and Units are collectively referred to as the “Securities.” The Securities may be offered and sold from time to time pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Act, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of the offering thereof, at an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $75,000,000.
We have made such legal and factual examinations and inquiries, including an examination of originals or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of such documents, corporate records and instruments, as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for purposes of this opinion. In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. As to facts material to the opinions, statements and assumptions expressed herein, we have, with your consent, relied upon oral or written statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Company and others. We have not independently verified such factual matters.
In expressing our opinions below, we have assumed, with your consent, that:
(a) the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have become effective under the Act and will comply with all applicable laws;
(b) the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will be effective under the Act and will comply with all applicable laws at the time the Securities are offered or sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement(s);
(c) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have been issued and remain in effect;
(d) a Prospectus Supplement describing the Securities offered thereby and the offering thereof and complying with all applicable laws will have been prepared and filed with the Commission;
(e) the Securities will be offered and sold in the form and with the terms set forth in the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement(s) and the organizational documents of the Company;
(f) the Securities will be offered and sold in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement(s);
(g) the Securities offered and sold do not and will not violate any applicable law or the organizational documents of the Company or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company;
(h) the Company will have obtained any and all legally required consents, approvals, authorizations and other orders of the Commission and any and all other regulatory authorities and other third parties necessary to offer and sell the Securities being offered;
(i) the Securities offered and sold comply with all requirements and restrictions, if any, applicable to the Company, whether imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body having jurisdiction over the Company;
(j) a definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement (each a “Purchase Agreement”) with respect to any Securities offered and sold will have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; and
(k) any Securities or other securities issuable upon conversion, exchange or exercise of any Security being offered and sold will be duly authorized, created and, if appropriate, reserved for issuance upon such conversion, exchange or exercise.
Our opinions expressed below are subject to the qualifications that we express no opinion as to the applicability of, compliance with or effect of: (i) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally; (ii) general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought; or (iii) public policy considerations that may limit the rights of parties to obtain certain remedies.
We express no opinion concerning (i) the qualification of the Securities under the securities or blue sky laws of any state or any foreign jurisdiction; (ii) the validity or enforceability of any provisions contained in any document, instrument or agreement that purports to waive or not give effect to rights to notices, defenses, subrogation or other rights or benefits that cannot be effectively waived under applicable law; or (iii) the enforceability of indemnification provisions to the extent they purport to relate to liabilities resulting from or based upon negligence or any violation of federal or state securities or blue sky laws.
We have also assumed, with your consent, that: (i) the Warrants and any related warrant agreement and the Units and any related unit agreement (collectively, the “Documents”) will be governed by the internal laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; (ii) each of the Documents will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto; (iii) each of the Documents will constitute legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto other than the Company, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their respective terms; and (iv) the status of each of the Documents as legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto will not be affected by any (a) breaches of, or defaults under, any agreements or instruments, (b) violations of any statutes, rules, regulations or court or governmental orders, or (c) failures to obtain required consents, approvals or authorizations from, or to make required registrations, declarations or filings with, any governmental authorities or other third parties.
We are opining herein only as to the federal laws of the United States, the internal laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and the Delaware General Corporation Law, in each case as in effect on the date of this opinion, and we express no opinion with respect to the laws of any other jurisdiction or, in the case of Delaware, any other laws, or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any other local agencies within any state.
Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof:
1. The Company has the authority pursuant to its Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to issue up to an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. Upon adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance of shares of Common Stock and/or shares of Preferred Stock (with such shares, together with all shares of Common Stock and/or shares of Preferred Stock previously issued or reserved for issuance and not duly and lawfully retired, not exceeding an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares in the case of Common Stock and an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares in the case of Preferred Stock), and upon issuance and delivery of and payment of legal consideration in excess of the par value thereof in accordance with the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law, such shares of Common Stock and/or Preferred Stock, as the case may be, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
2. When (a) a warrant agreement, if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such warrant agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of Warrants have been duly established in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Warrants), and (c) the Warrants have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, the applicable Warrant Agreement and all applicable law, such Warrants will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms and the terms of the applicable warrant agreement (if any).
3. When (a) a Right, if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such warrant agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of Rights have been duly established in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Rights), and (c) the Rights have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, the applicable Rights Agreement and all applicable law, such Rights will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms and the terms of the applicable warrant agreement (if any).
4. When (a) a unit agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such unit agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of the related Units have been duly established in accordance with such unit agreement and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the board of directors of the Company of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Units), and (c) such Units have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such unit agreement, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law, such Units will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms and the terms of the applicable unit agreement (if any).
This opinion is being delivered solely for the benefit of the Company and such other persons as are entitled to rely upon it pursuant to applicable provisions of the Securities Act. This opinion may not be used, quoted, relied upon or referred to for any other purpose nor may this opinion be used, quoted, relied upon or referred to by any other person, for any purpose, without our prior written consent.
We consent to your filing this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the Prospectus under the heading “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ BRL Law Group LLC |
| BRL Law Group LLC |