Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc 10-Q for FY2024 Q1
Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. (GPMT)
10-Q
2024-05-07
For: 2024-03-31
View Original
Added on
April 06, 2026
About this 10-Q
Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc filed this 10-Q on May 7, 2024, covering the quarter ended March 31, 2024 (FY2024 Q1).
Headline figures
Quarter ended March 31, 2024, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Net loss
- $74.12M
- compared with a net loss of $33.83M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- -$1.53
- compared with -$0.72 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-38124
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||||||||
(212 ) 364-5500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | ☒ | ||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
As of May 2, 2024, there were 51,034,800 shares of outstanding common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and outstanding.
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
INDEX
| Page | ||||||||
| PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||||||||
Item 1. | Financial Statements (unaudited) | |||||||
| PART II - OTHER INFORMATION | ||||||||
i
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains, or incorporates by reference, not only historical information, but also forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and that are subject to the safe harbors created by such sections. Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ from our beliefs, expectations, estimates and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements are not historical in nature and can be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “target,” “believe,” “outlook,” “potential,” “continue,” “intend,” “seek,” “plan,” “goals,” “future,” “likely,” “may” and similar expressions or their negative forms, or by references to strategy, plans or intentions. By their nature, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, are not statements of historical facts or guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions or changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict or quantify. Our expectations, beliefs and estimates are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, there can be no assurance that management's expectations, beliefs and estimates will prove to be correct or be achieved and actual results may vary materially from what is expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, under the caption “Risk Factors.” Other risks, uncertainties and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected are described below and may be described from time to time in reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, including our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Important factors that may affect our actual results include, among others:
•the general political, economic and competitive conditions in the markets in which we invest and their impact on our investment portfolio, financial condition and business operations;
•inflationary trends which have led to higher interest rates and increased market volatility;
•the economic and geopolitical impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the conflict and rising tensions in the Middle East, including the adoption or expansion of economic sanctions or trade restrictions;
•reduced demand for office, multifamily or retail space, including as a result of increased hybrid work schedules which allow work from remote locations other than the employer's office premises;
•defaults by borrowers in paying debt service on outstanding indebtedness and borrowers' abilities to manage and stabilize properties;
•our ability to obtain or maintain financing arrangements on terms favorable to us or at all;
•the level and volatility of prevailing interest rates and credit spreads;
•reductions in the yield on our investments and increases in the cost of our financing;
•general volatility of the securities markets in which we participate and the potential need to post additional collateral on our financing arrangements;
•the return or impact of current or future investments;
•changes in our business, investment strategies or target investments;
•increased competition from entities investing in our target investments;
•effects of hedging instruments on our target investments;
•changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates and similar matters;
•our ability to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes and our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act;
•availability of desirable investment opportunities;
•threats to information security, including by way of cyber-attacks;
•availability of qualified personnel;
•operational failures by third-parties on whom we rely in the conduct of our business;
•estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;
•natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires and floods, including climate change-related risks; acts of war and/or terrorism; pandemics or outbreaks of infectious disease; and other events that may cause unanticipated and
ii
uninsured performance declines and/or losses to us or the owners and operators of the real estate securing our investments;
•deterioration in the performance of the properties securing our investments that may cause deterioration in the performance of our investments, risks in collection of contractual interest payments and, potentially, principal losses to us, including the risk of credit loss charges and any impact on our ability to satisfy the covenants and conditions in our debt agreements; and
•difficulty or delays in redeploying the proceeds from repayments of our existing investments.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain statistics and other data that, in some cases, have been obtained or compiled from information made available by loan servicers and other third-party service providers.
iii
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment, net | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Real estate owned, net | |||||||||||
| Accrued interest receivable | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
Total Assets (1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | |||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | |||||||||||
| Dividends payable | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||
Total Liabilities (1) | |||||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (see Note 10) | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
Common stock, par value $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Cumulative earnings | ( | ||||||||||
| Cumulative distributions to stockholders | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | |||||||||||
| Total Equity | |||||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
______________________
(1)The condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets of consolidated variable interest entities, or VIEs, that can only be used to settle obligations of these VIEs, and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs for which creditors do not have recourse to Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. At March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, assets of the VIEs totaled $1,177,850 and $1,233,821 , respectively, and liabilities of the VIEs totaled $992,789 and $994,081 , respectively. See Note 5 - Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations, for further detail.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(in thousands, except share data)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible senior notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-specific financings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (loss): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from real estate owned operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other loss | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Servicing expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses from real estate owned operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income before income taxes | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Benefit from) provision for income taxes | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic (loss) earnings per weighted average common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted (loss) earnings per weighted average common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
| Common Stock | Preferred Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Additional Paid-in Capital | Cumulative Earnings | Cumulative Distributions to Stockholders | Total Stockholders’ Equity | Non-controlling Interests | Total Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock forfeiture | ( | ( | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) forfeiture | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred dividends declared, $ | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred dividends declared, $ | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common dividends declared, $ | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash equity award compensation | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) forfeiture | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred dividends declared, $ | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common dividends declared, $ | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash equity award compensation | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Operating Activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion of discounts and net deferred fees on loans held-for-investment and deferred interest capitalized to loans held-for-investment | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of equity-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Decrease (increase) in other assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in other liabilities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Investing Activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Originations, acquisitions and additional fundings of loans held-for-investment, net of deferred fees | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from repayment of loans held-for-investment | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase in other assets, due from servicer on repayments of loans held-for-investment | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Financing Activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from repurchase facilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal payments on repurchase facilities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Principal payments on securitized debt obligations | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from asset-specific financings | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Payment of debt issuance costs | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Tax withholding on restricted stock and RSUs | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid on preferred stock | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid on common stock | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for taxes | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Noncash Activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared but not paid at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred financing costs, not yet paid | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Organization and Operations
Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc., or the Company, is an internally managed commercial real estate finance company that focuses primarily on directly originating, investing in and managing senior floating-rate commercial mortgage loans and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. These investments are capitalized by accessing a variety of funding sources, including borrowing under the Company’s bank credit facilities or other asset financings, issuing commercial real estate collateralized loan obligations, or CRE CLOs, and issuing other forms of secured and unsecured debt and equity securities, depending on market conditions and the Company’s view of the most appropriate funding option available for the Company’s investments. The Company is not in the business of buying or trading securities, and the only securities it owns are the retained interests from its CRE CLOs. The Company’s investment objective is to preserve the Company’s stockholders’ capital while generating attractive risk-adjusted returns over the long term, primarily through dividends derived from current income produced by the Company’s investment portfolio. The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “GPMT”. The Company operates its business in a manner that is intended to permit it to maintain its exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Company operates its business as one segment. The Company was incorporated in Maryland on April 7, 2017, and commenced operations as a publicly traded company on June 28, 2017.
The Company has elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as the Company continues to comply with a number of requirements under federal tax law and maintains its qualification as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes to the extent that the Company distributes its taxable income to its stockholders on an annual basis and does not engage in prohibited transactions. However, certain activities that the Company may perform may cause it to earn income which will not be qualifying income for REIT purposes. The Company has designated one of its subsidiaries as a taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, as defined in the Code, to engage in such activities.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, have been condensed or omitted according to such SEC rules and regulations. However, management believes that the disclosures included in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial condition of the Company at March 31, 2024 and results of operations for all periods presented have been made. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 should not be construed as indicative of the results to be expected for future periods or the full year.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of all subsidiaries; inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
All entities in which the Company holds investments that are considered variable interest entities, or VIEs, for financial reporting purposes were reviewed for consolidation under the applicable consolidation guidance. Whenever the Company has both the power to direct the activities of an entity that most significantly impact the entity’s performance, and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity that could be significant, the Company consolidates the entity. See Note 5 - Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional details regarding consolidation of VIEs.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make a number of significant estimates. These include estimates of amount and timing of allowances for credit losses, fair value of certain assets and liabilities, and other estimates that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of certain revenues and expenses during the reported period. It is likely that changes in these estimates (e.g., valuation changes to the underlying collateral of loans due to changes in market interest and capitalization rates, leasing, credit worthiness of major tenants, occupancy rates, availability of financing, exit plan, loan sponsorship, actions of other lenders, overall economic and capital markets conditions, the broader commercial real estate market, local geographic sub-markets or other factors) will occur in the near term.
5
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company believes the estimates and assumptions underlying its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of March 31, 2024. However, the Company’s actual results could ultimately differ from its estimates and such differences may be material.
Significant Accounting Policies
Included in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, is a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies.
Recently Issued and/or Adopted Accounting Standards
Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, or ASU 2023-07. The new guidance requires a public entity with a single reportable segment to provide new disclosures surrounding segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis, with the intention of improving reportable segment disclosure requirements as well as enhancing interim disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with the guidance to be adopted retrospectively to all prior periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2023-07 will have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, or ASU 2023-09. The new guidance requires entities to disclose the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign jurisdiction, with the intention of improving the transparency of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and is to be adopted on a prospective basis with the option to apply retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance but does not anticipate it will have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 3. Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses
The following tables summarize the Company’s loans held-for-investment by asset type, property type and geographic location as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Senior Loans(1) | B-Notes | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unpaid principal balance | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unamortized (discount) premium | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unamortized net deferred origination fees | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying value | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unfunded commitments | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average coupon(2) | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average years to maturity(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
6
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
| December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Senior Loans(1) | B-Notes | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unpaid principal balance | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unamortized (discount) premium | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unamortized net deferred origination fees | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying value | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unfunded commitments | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average coupon(2) | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average years to maturity(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Loans primarily secured by a first priority lien on commercial real property and related personal property and also includes, when applicable, any companion subordinate loans.
(2)Weighted average coupon inclusive of the impact of nonaccrual loans.
(3)Based on contractual maturity date. Certain loans are subject to contractual extension options with such conditions stipulated in the applicable loan documents. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities stated herein as certain borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without paying a prepayment fee. The Company may also extend contractual maturities in connection with certain loan modifications.
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Type | Carrying Value | % of Loan Portfolio | Carrying Value | % of Loan Portfolio | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Office | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multifamily | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hotel | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Geographic Location | Carrying Value | % of Loan Portfolio | Carrying Value | % of Loan Portfolio | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northeast | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southwest | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| West | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Midwest | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southeast | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
At both March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, loans held-for-investment with a carrying value, net of allowance for credit losses, of $2.5
7
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Loan Portfolio Activity
The following table summarizes activity related to loans held-for-investment, net of allowance for credit losses, for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Originations, additional fundings, upsizing of loans and capitalized deferred interest | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayments | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net discount accretion (premium amortization) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) from net deferred origination fees | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of net deferred origination fees | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company funded $17.5 million of prior commitments and upsizings. Additionally, the Company received $28.1 million of full loan repayments, and partial paydowns and amortization of $7.4 million, for total loan repayments, paydowns and amortization of $35.5 million.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table presents the changes for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023 in the allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (benefit from) credit losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded an increase of $75.5 million in its allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment. The increase was primarily due to: (i) $62.8 million related to four loans (one multifamily loan, one office loan and two mixed-use loans) that were assessed individually and considered collateral-dependent for the first time during the three months ended March 31, 2024; and (ii) $11.6 million due to the ongoing challenges in the commercial real estate market and expectations for further pressure on property values and other loan specific assumptions employed in estimating the general Current Expected Credit Loss, or CECL, reserve.
As of March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $2.5 million in other liabilities related to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments, resulting in a total allowance for credit losses of $212.7 million, and recorded a provision for credit losses of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, partially offset by a decrease in unfunded commitments, resulting in a total provision for credit losses of $(75.6 ) million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
As of March 31, 2024, the Company had ten collateral-dependent loans with an aggregate principal balance of $539.7 million, for which the Company recorded an allowance for credit losses of $155.3 million. These loans were individually assessed in accordance with the CECL framework and the allowance for credit losses was determined based on the estimates of the collateral properties’ fair value. The performance of the collateral properties securing these loans has been impacted by an uncertain commercial real estate market and macroeconomic outlook, which includes weakening in credit fundamentals, capital markets volatility and significantly reduced real estate transaction activity, especially for certain property types, such as office assets located in underperforming markets, and a meaningfully higher cost of capital driven by high interest rates. These macroeconomic and market factors have resulted in the slowing of business plan execution and reduced market liquidity, thereby impacting the borrowers’ ability to either sell or refinance their properties to repay the Company’s loans. See Note 9 - Fair Value, for further detail on the fair value measurement of these loans.
Additionally, as of March 31, 2024, the Company had two collateral-dependent loans with an aggregate principal balance of $102.2 million secured by office properties, for which the Company recorded no allowance for credit losses as the collateral’s
8
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Nonaccrual Loans
The following table presents the carrying value of loans held-for-investment on nonaccrual status for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonaccrual loan carrying value at beginning of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Addition of nonaccrual loan carrying value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reduction of nonaccrual loan carrying value | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonaccrual loan carrying value at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2024, the Company had thirteen senior loans with a total unpaid principal balance of $691.3 million and carrying value of $517.5 million that were held on nonaccrual status, compared to five senior loans with a total unpaid principal balance of $274.8 million and carrying value of $207.2 million that were held on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2023. All other loans were considered current with respect to principal and interest payments due as of March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023.
Loan Modifications
The Company may amend or modify a loan depending on the loan’s specific facts and circumstances. These loan modifications typically include additional time for the borrower to refinance or sell the collateral property, adjustment or waiver of performance tests that are prerequisite to the extension of a loan’s maturity, and/or deferral of scheduled principal payments. In exchange for a modification, the Company may receive a partial repayment of principal, a short-term accrual of capitalized interest for a portion of interest due, a cash infusion to replenish interest or capital improvement reserves, termination of all or a portion of the remaining unfunded loan commitment, additional call protection, and/or an increase in the loan coupon or fees.
During the twelve months ended March 31, 2024, the Company entered into one loan modification that requires disclosure pursuant to ASC 326.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed the modification of a first mortgage loan secured by a multifamily student housing property in Louisville, KY. As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the loan had a principal balance of $49.5 million and $48.5 million and an amortized cost of $49.3 million and $48.3 million, respectively. The terms of the modification included, among other things, a 12-month extension of the fully-extended maturity date to November 9, 2024, the full deferral of debt service payments with interest capitalized and compounding, the deferral of the extension fee and the Company’s agreement to pay for approved expenses, in its sole discretion. Due to the uncertainty with respect to the collection of future interest accruals, the loan was placed on nonaccrual status.
Loan Risk Ratings
The Company’s primary credit quality indicators are its risk ratings. The Company evaluates the credit quality of each loan at least quarterly by assessing the risk factors of each loan and assigning a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Risk factors considered in the assessment include, but are not limited to, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, leasing and tenant profile, projected cash flow, collateral performance, loan structure and exit plan, origination loan-to-value, or LTV, project sponsorship and other factors deemed necessary. The Company evaluates these factors with respect to each loan investment on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such loan’s facts and circumstances at the time. The risk factors may be given different weightings and consideration depending on each loan’s situation. Loans are rated “1” (less risk) through “5” (greater risk), which ratings are defined as follows:
1 –Lower Risk
2 –Average Risk
3 –Acceptable Risk
4 –Higher Risk: A loan that has exhibited material deterioration in cash flows and/or other credit factors, which, if negative trends continue, could be indicative of probability of principal loss.
5 –Loss Likely: A loan that has a significantly increased probability of principal loss.
9
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the number of loans, unpaid principal balance and carrying value by risk rating for loans held-for-investment as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Rating | Number of Loans | Unpaid Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Number of Loans | Unpaid Principal Balance | Carrying Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2024, the weighted average risk rating of the Company’s loan portfolio was 3.0 , versus 2.8 as of December 31, 2023, weighted by unpaid principal balance. The change in portfolio risk rating as of March 31, 2024, versus December 31, 2023, is mainly a result of select loan rating downgrades, partially offset by certain loan rating upgrades.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, as part of its quarterly risk rating process, the Company downgraded five loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $217.2 million to a risk rating of “5”. These five loans were downgraded due to the challenging leasing environment including local market fundamentals, uncertain and volatile capital market conditions resulting in limited liquidity for real estate transactions, further pressure on property values and other factors related to property specific operating performance.
10
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the carrying value of loans held-for-investment as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, by risk rating and year of origination:
| March 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Rating | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross write-offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Rating | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross write-offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 4. Real Estate Owned, Net
On May 16, 2023, the Company acquired legal title to an office property located in Phoenix, AZ pursuant to a negotiated deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. The property previously served as collateral for a first mortgage loan held for investment, which had been originated in May 2017. As of March 31, 2023, the loan had a risk rating of “5”, was on nonaccrual status and was accounted for under cost-recovery. At the time of acquisition, the loan had an amortized cost and carrying value of $28.2 million and $24.0 million, respectively. The Company recognized the property as real estate owned with a carrying value of $24.0 million based on the estimated fair value of the property. This acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition under ASC 805.
11
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company allocated the fair value of the assumed assets and liabilities on the acquisition date as follows:
| (in thousands) | Fair Value Allocation | ||||
| Land | $ | ||||
| Building | |||||
| Tenant improvements | |||||
In-place lease intangibles(1) | |||||
Above-market lease intangibles(1) | |||||
Below-market lease intangibles(2) | ( | ||||
| Total | $ | ||||
______________________
(1)Included in “Other assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Included in “Other liabilities” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company assumed certain legacy lease arrangements upon the acquisition of the REO. These arrangements entitle the Company to receive contractual rent payments during the lease periods and tenant reimbursements for certain property operating expenses, including common area costs, insurance, utilities and real estate taxes.
The following table presents the identified intangible assets and liabilities related to REO as of March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross amount | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated amortization | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross amount | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total, net | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||
The following table presents the REO operations and related income (loss) included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Real Estate Owned, Net | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from real estate owned operations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses from real estate owned operations (1) | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Includes $(1.3 ) million of depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
12
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the amortization of lease intangibles included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement Location | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-place lease intangibles | Expenses from real estate owned operations | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Above-market lease intangibles | Revenue from real estate owned operations | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Below-market lease intangibles | Revenue from real estate owned operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table presents the amortization of lease intangibles for each of the succeeding fiscal years:
| (in thousands) | In-place Lease Intangible Assets | Above-market Lease intangible Assets | Below-market Lease Intangible Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Future Minimum Lease Payments
The following table presents the future minimum lease payments to be collected under non-cancelable operating leases, excluding tenant reimbursements of expenses as of March 31, 2024:
| (in thousands) | Contractual Lease Payments | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||
| 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||||||||
The weighted average minimum remaining term of the non-cancelable leases was approximately 1.8 years as of March 31, 2024.
Note 5. Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations
The Company finances pools of its commercial real estate loans through CRE CLOs, which are considered VIEs for financial reporting purposes, and, thus, are reviewed for consolidation under the applicable consolidation guidance. The Company has both the power to direct the activities of the CRE CLOs that most significantly impact the entities’ performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entities that could be significant; therefore, the Company consolidates the CRE CLOs.
13
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents a summary of the assets and liabilities of all VIEs consolidated on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment, net | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
The securitized debt obligations issued by the CRE CLOs are recorded at outstanding principal, net of any unamortized deferred debt issuance costs, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The following table details the Company’s CRE CLO securitized debt obligations as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized Debt Obligations | Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost (1) | Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GPMT 2021-FL4 CRE CLO | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral assets(2) | $ | $ | S+ | $ | $ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | S+ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GPMT 2021-FL3 CRE CLO | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral assets(3) | S+ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | S+ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral assets | $ | $ | S+ | $ | $ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | $ | $ | S+ | $ | $ | S+ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Calculations of all-in yield on collateral assets at origination are based on a number of assumptions (some or all of which may not occur) and are expressed as monthly equivalent yields that include net origination fees and exit fees and exclude future fundings and any potential or completed loan amendments or modifications. Calculation of cost of funds is the weighted average coupon of the CRE CLO, exclusive of any CRE CLO issuance costs.
(2)No
(3)$0.5 million in restricted cash is included as of March 31, 2024. No restricted cash is included as of December 31, 2023. Yield on collateral assets is exclusive of restricted cash.
Note 6. Secured Financing Agreements
To finance its loans held-for-investment, the Company has a variety of secured financing arrangements with several counterparties, including repurchase facilities and a secured credit facility. The Company’s repurchase facilities are typically collateralized by loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale, REO assets and certain cash balances. Although the transactions under the Company’s existing repurchase facilities represent committed borrowings until maturity of each facility, the facility lenders retain the right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets due to collateral-specific credit events, or, with respect to a limited number of the Company’s repurchase facilities, capital market events, would require the Company to fund margin calls. The Company does not typically retain similar rights for the Company to make margin calls on its underlying borrowers as a result of a determination by the Company and/or its financing counterparty that there has been a decrease in the market value of the underlying pledged collateral.
The Company’s secured credit facilities are also typically collateralized by loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale, REO assets and certain cash balances and are not mark-to-market.
14
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables summarize details of the Company’s borrowings outstanding on its secured financing agreements as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Maturity Date(1) | Amount Outstanding | Unused Capacity(2) | Total Capacity | Carrying Value of Collateral | Weighted Average Borrowing Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan Stanley Bank | June 28, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs Bank USA(3) | July 13, 2024 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| JPMorgan Chase Bank | July 28, 2025 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citibank | May 25, 2025 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Centennial Bank(4) | August 29, 2024 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total/Weighted Average | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | December 21, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Maturity Date(1) | Amount Outstanding | Unused Capacity(2) | Total Capacity | Carrying Value of Collateral | Weighted Average Borrowing Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan Stanley Bank | June 28, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs Bank USA(3) | July 13, 2024 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| JPMorgan Chase Bank | July 28, 2025 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citibank | May 25, 2025 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Centennial Bank(4) | August 29, 2024 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total/Weighted Average | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | December 21, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)The facilities are set to mature on the stated maturity date, unless extended pursuant to their terms.
(2)Unused capacity is not committed as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023.
(3)As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company retained an option to increase the maximum facility capacity amount up to $350
(4)As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was collateralized by real estate owned, inclusive of $2.8 million and $3.6 million in other assets and liabilities related to acquired leases, respectively, (see Note 4 - Real Estate Owned, Net, for further detail) and one senior loan. Subsequent to March 31, 2024, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the facility and terminated the facility.
15
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
At March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company’s borrowings outstanding on its secured financing facilities had contractual maturities as follows:
| March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Repurchase Facilities | Secured Credit Facility | Total Amount Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Repurchase Facilities | Secured Credit Facility | Total Amount Outstanding | ||||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s repurchase facilities and counterparty concentration at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Amount Outstanding | Net Counterparty Exposure(1) | Percent of Equity | Weighted Average Years to Maturity | Amount Outstanding | Net Counterparty Exposure(1) | Percent of Equity | Weighted Average Years to Maturity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan Stanley Bank | $ | $ | % | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| JPMorgan Chase Bank | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goldman Sachs Bank USA | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citibank | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Centennial Bank(2) | % | % | 0.66 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Represents the excess of the carrying amount or market value of the loans held-for-investment pledged as collateral for repurchase facilities, including accrued interest plus any cash on deposit to secure the repurchase obligation, less the amount of the repurchase liability, including accrued interest.
(2)As of March 31, 2024, includes real estate owned and one senior loan. As of December 31, 2023, includes real estate owned.
The Company does not anticipate any defaults by its financing counterparties, although there can be no assurance that one or more defaults will not occur.
Financial Covenants
The Company is subject to a variety of financial covenants under its secured financing agreements. The following represent the most restrictive financial covenants to which the Company is subject across its secured financing agreements:
•Unrestricted cash cannot be less than the greater of $30.0 million and 5.0 % of recourse indebtedness. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s unrestricted cash was $155.2 million, while 5.0 % of the Company’s recourse indebtedness was $15.1 million.
16
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
•Tangible net worth must be greater than the sum of (i) $816.9 million and (ii) 75.0 % of net cash proceeds of the Company’s equity issuances after August 3, 2023. As the Company has not had any equity issuances after August 3, 2023, tangible net worth must be greater than $816.9 million. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s tangible net worth was $1.0 billion.
•Target asset leverage ratio cannot exceed 77.5 % and total leverage ratio cannot exceed 80.0 %. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s target asset leverage ratio was 70.9 % and the Company’s total leverage ratio was 66.3 %.
•Minimum interest coverage of no less than 1.3 :1.0 through June 30, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s minimum interest coverage was 1.4 :1.0. Subsequent to June 30, 2024, the Company will be required to maintain minimum interest coverage of no less than 1.4 :1.0.
As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
Note 7. Convertible Senior Notes
In October 2018, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of $131.6 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due October 1, 2023. The convertible senior notes were unsecured, paid interest semiannually at a rate of 6.375 % per annum and were convertible at the option of the holder into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company redeemed for cash the convertible senior notes at maturity, and none
The following table details the interest expense related to the convertible notes for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash coupon | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 8. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in bank accounts and cash held in money market funds on an overnight basis.
The Company is required to maintain certain cash balances in restricted accounts as collateral for the Company’s repurchase facilities and with counterparties to support investment activities. As of March 31, 2024, the Company held $12.3 million in restricted cash in connection with its non-CRE CLO financing activities, compared to $10.8 million as of December 31, 2023. In addition, as of March 31, 2024, the Company held $0.5 million in restricted cash representing proceeds from principal repayments and paydowns of loans held in the CRE CLOs, compared to no balance as of December 31, 2023.
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Note 9. Fair Value
Fair Value Measurements
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, or ASC 820, defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices available in active markets (i.e., market-based or observable inputs) and the lowest priority to data lacking transparency (i.e., unobservable inputs) resulting in the use of management assumptions. Additionally, ASC 820 requires an entity to consider all aspects of nonperformance risk, including the entity’s own credit standing, when measuring fair value of a liability.
17
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy to be used when measuring and disclosing fair value. An instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of significant input to its valuation. Following is a description of the three levels:
Level 1Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date under current market conditions. Additionally, the entity must have the ability to access the active market and the quoted prices cannot be adjusted by the entity.
Level 2Inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in inactive markets for identical or similar assets or liabilities; or inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means for substantially the full-term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3Unobservable inputs are supported by little or no market activity. The unobservable inputs represent the assumptions that market participants would use to price the assets and liabilities, including risk. Generally, Level 3 assets and liabilities are valued using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques that require significant judgment or estimation.
Following are descriptions of the valuation methodologies used to measure material assets and liabilities at fair value and details of the valuation models, key inputs to those models and significant assumptions utilized.
Recurring Fair Value
As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company held no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Nonrecurring Fair Value
The Company may be required to measure certain assets or liabilities at fair value from time to time. These periodic fair value measures typically result from establishing allowances for collateral-dependent assets under GAAP. These items would constitute nonrecurring fair value measures under ASC 820. For collateral-dependent loans that are identified as impaired, the Company measures allowance for credit losses by comparing its estimation of the fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, to the carrying value of the respective loan. To estimate the fair value of the underlying collateral, the Company may (i) use certain valuation techniques which, among others, may include a discounted cash flow method of valuation, or (ii) obtain a third-party independent assessment of value such as an appraisal or other opinion of value. These valuations require significant judgments, which include assumptions regarding capitalization rates, discount rates, leasing, creditworthiness of major tenants, occupancy rates, availability and cost of financing, exit plan, loan sponsorship, actions of other lenders, and other factors deemed relevant.
As of March 31, 2024, the Company deemed twelve of its loans held-for-investment with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $641.9 million to be collateral-dependent in accordance with its policy. Therefore, the allowance for credit losses associated with these loans was based on the estimates of the fair value of the loans’ underlying property collateral, less costs to sell, and the loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using significant unobservable inputs and are classified as Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy. As of March 31, 2024, ten loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $596.2 million were valued using the discounted cash flow method. The significant unobservable inputs used to estimate the fair value on these loans include the exit capitalization rate and discount rate, which ranged from 5.50 % to 13.00 %, and from 7.00 % to 13.50 %, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, two loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $45.6 million were valued using the estimated proceeds from the sale of the collateral property, less the estimated costs to sell the property. Refer to Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses for further detail.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
In accordance with ASC 820, the Company is required to disclose the fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recognized and not recognized in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for which fair value can be estimated.
The following describes the Company’s methods for estimating the fair value for financial instruments:
•Loans held-for-investment are carried at cost, net of any unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees, origination costs and allowance for credit losses, as applicable. The Company estimates the fair value of its loans held-for-investment by assessing any changes in market interest rates, credit spreads for loans of comparable risk as corroborated by inquiry of other market participants, shifts in credit profiles and actual operating results, taking into consideration such factors as underlying property type, property competitive position within its market, market and submarket fundamentals, tenant mix, nature of business plan, sponsorship, extent of leverage and other loan terms. The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these assets as Level 3.
18
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
•Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash have a carrying value which approximates fair value because of the short maturities of these instruments. The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these assets as Level 1.
•The carrying value of underlying loans in repurchase and secured credit facilities that mature in less than one year generally approximates fair value due to the short maturities. The Company’s long-term repurchase and secured credit facilities have, and the Company’s asset-specific facility had, floating rates based on an index plus a credit spread and the credit spread is typically consistent with those demanded in the market. Accordingly, the interest rates on these borrowings are at market and, thus, carrying value approximates fair value. The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these liabilities as Level 2.
•Securitized debt obligations are recorded at outstanding principal, net of any unamortized deferred debt issuance costs. In determining the fair value of its securitized debt obligations, management’s judgment may be used to arrive at fair value that considers prices obtained from third-party pricing providers, broker quotes received and other applicable market data. If observable market prices are not available or insufficient to determine fair value due principally to illiquidity in the marketplace, then fair value is based upon internally developed models that are primarily based on observable market-based inputs but also include unobservable market data inputs (including prepayment speeds, delinquency levels and credit losses). The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these liabilities as Level 2.
•Convertible senior notes are carried at their unpaid principal balance, net of any unamortized deferred issuance costs. The Company estimates the fair value of its convertible senior notes using the market transaction price nearest to March 31, 2024. The Company categorizes the fair value measurement of these assets as Level 2.
The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of assets and liabilities that are required to be recorded or disclosed at fair value at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held-for-investment, net of allowance for credit losses | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
The following represent the material commitments and contingencies of the Company as of March 31, 2024:
Legal and Regulatory
From time to time, the Company may be subject to liability under laws and government regulations and various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Liabilities are established for legal claims when payments associated with the claims become probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The actual costs of resolving legal claims may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts established for those claims. Based on information currently available, management is not aware of any legal or regulatory claims that would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and, therefore, no accrual is required as of March 31, 2024.
Unfunded Commitments on Loans Held-for-Investment
Certain of the Company’s commercial real estate loan agreements contain provisions and obligations to its borrowers through its unfunded loan commitments over the contractual period of its loans. As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company had unfunded loan commitments of $134.4 million and $160.7 million, respectively, on loans held-for-investment, which it expects to fund, subject to the satisfaction of any conditions precedent to such commitments, over the tenure of these loans. These commitments generally provide funding for lease-related or capital improvement expenditures, as well as interest and carry costs, all of which will vary depending on the progress of capital improvement projects, leasing and cash flows at the properties that serve as collateral for the Company’s loans. Therefore, the exact timing and amounts of such loan balance future fundings are generally uncertain and will depend on the current and future performance of the collateral
19
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
properties. The Company typically finances the funding of its loan commitments on terms generally consistent with its overall financing facilities; however, most of its financing agreement counterparties are not obligated to fund their ratable portion of these loan commitments over time and have varying degrees of discretion over future loan funding obligations, including the advance rates on their fundings. The Company may be obligated to fund loan commitments with respect to a financed asset even if the applicable financing counterparty will not fund their ratable portion of the loan commitment and/or has made margin calls with respect to such financed asset.
As of March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $2.5 million in other liabilities related to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments. See Note 3 - Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses, for further detail.
Note 11. Preferred Stock
Issuance of Series A Preferred Stock
On November 30, 2021, and December 10, 2021, the Company received total net proceeds of $110.5 million from the issuance of 4,596,500 shares of Series A Preferred Stock after deducting the underwriting discount of $3.6 million and issuance costs of $0.8 million.
On January 18, 2022, and February 8, 2022, the Company received total net proceeds of $87.5 million from the issuance of 3,633,000 additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock after deducting the underwriting discount of $2.9 million and issuance costs of $0.4 million. The Series A Preferred Stock is currently listed on the NYSE under the symbol “GPMT PrA”.
On and after November 30, 2026, the Company, at its option, upon not fewer than 30 days’ nor more than 60 days’ written notice, may redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole, at any time, or in part, from time to time, for cash, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption.
Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control event (as defined in the Articles Supplementary designating the Series A Preferred Stock, or the Articles Supplementary), the Company may, at its option, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ written notice, redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, within 120 days on or after the first date on which such Change of Control occurred, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date, without interest.
Holders of Series A Preferred Stock do not have any voting rights except in limited circumstances as set forth in the Articles Supplementary.
During each of the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company declared dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock of $3.6
Issuance of Sub-REIT Preferred Stock
In January 2021, a subsidiary of the Company issued 625 shares of preferred stock of which 500 shares were retained by the Company and 125 shares were sold to third-party investors for proceeds of $0.1 million. The 500 preferred shares of preferred stock retained by the Company are eliminated in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity and the 125 shares sold to third-party investors are shown in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity as non-controlling interests.
Note 12. Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock
Distributions to Stockholders
The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company’s board of directors on its common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Declaration Date | Record Date | Payment Date | Cash Dividend Per Share | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 14, 2024 | April 1, 2024 | April 15, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 16, 2023 | April 3, 2023 | April 17, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
20
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Share Repurchases
On May 9, 2023, the Company announced that its board of directors had amended its share repurchase program to authorize the repurchase of an additional 5,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, for a total share repurchase authorization of 9,000,000 shares of common stock, inclusive of amounts previously authorized. The Company’s share repurchase program has no expiration date. The shares are expected to be repurchased from time to time through privately negotiated transactions or open market transactions, including pursuant to a trading plan in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, or by any combination of such methods. The manner, price, number and timing of share repurchases will be subject to a variety of factors, including market conditions and applicable SEC rules. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company repurchased 1,001,338 shares of its common stock under its share repurchase program for an aggregate cost, inclusive of commissions paid, of $5.1 million. No shares of common stock were repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, there remained 4,157,916 shares authorized for repurchase under the Company’s share repurchase program.
The Company’s board of directors has also authorized the repurchase of shares of restricted stock granted to employees for tax withholding purposes. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company repurchased from employees 36,916 shares of its restricted stock for an aggregate cost of $0.2 million. No shares of restricted stock were repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
At-the-Market Offering
The Company is party to an equity distribution agreement under which the Company may sell up to an aggregate of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock from time to time in any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. As of March 31, 2024, 3,242,364 shares of common stock had been sold under the equity distribution agreement for total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $61.2 million. No
Preferred Stock
Distributions to Stockholders
The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company’s board of directors on its Series A Preferred Stock during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Declaration Date | Record Date | Payment Date | Cash Dividend Per Share | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 14, 2024 | April 1, 2024 | April 15, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 16, 2023 | April 3, 2023 | April 17, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Note 13. Equity Incentive Plans
On June 2, 2022, the Company’s stockholders approved the adoption of the Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan, or the 2022 Plan. With the adoption of the 2022 Plan, no new equity awards may be granted under the Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2017 Plan, but previously granted restricted stock units, or RSUs, and performance share units, or PSUs, remain outstanding under the 2017 Plan. The 2022 Plan permits the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, PSUs, dividend equivalent rights, other stock-based awards and other cash-based awards to employees, certain consultants of the Company and members of the board of directors. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 6,820,176 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the 2022 Plan.
21
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table summarizes the grants, vesting and forfeitures of RSUs and PSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2024:
| RSUs | PSUs | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Market Value | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited or Expired/Cancelled | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at March 31, 2024 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2024, the Company deemed that the threshold levels of the performance criteria for the 347,896 PSUs granted in 2021 were not met, which resulted in no issuance of shares of common stock related to these PSUs.
Below is a summary of RSU and PSU vesting dates as of March 31, 2024:
| Vesting Year | RSUs | PSUs | Total Awards | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized the remaining $47.5 thousand of compensation expense associated with awards of restricted stock within compensation and benefits expense on the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2024, all awards of restricted stock had vested.
The RSUs are time based with one-third vesting each year over a three-year period. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $1.7 million of compensation expense associated with these awards, compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, within compensation and benefits expense on the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2024, $9.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost for awards of RSUs will be recognized over the grants’ remaining weighted average vesting period of 0.9 years.
Awards of PSUs have three-year cliff vesting, with the number of performance-based stock units vesting at the end of the three-year period based upon the Company’s performance with respect to metrics set in the applicable award agreements. Between 0 % and 200 % of the target number of units granted in 2022 may vest at the end of their respective performance periods based (i) 50 % against the predetermined internal Company performance goal for “core” return on average equity, or “core” ROAE and (ii) 50 % against the Company’s performance ranking for “core” ROAE among a peer group of commercial mortgage REIT companies. Between 0 % and 200 % of the target number of units granted in early 2023 and 2024 may vest at the end of the performance period based (i) 25 % against the predetermined internal Company performance goal “run-rate” ROAE, (ii) 25 % against the Company’s performance ranking for “run-rate” ROAE among a peer group of commercial mortgage REIT companies, (iii) 25 % against the predetermined internal Company performance goal for change in book value per share, and (iv) 25 % against the Company’s performance ranking for change in book value per share among a peer group of commercial mortgage REIT companies. The commercial mortgage REIT peer group used to measure relative “core” ROAE, “run-rate” ROAE and change in book value per share includes publicly traded commercial mortgage REITs, which the Company believes derive the majority of their revenues from commercial real estate balance sheet lending activities and meet certain market capitalization criteria.
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $0.5 million of compensation expense associated with these awards, compared to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, within compensation and benefits expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2024, $6.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost for awards of PSUs will be recognized over the grants’ remaining weighted average vesting period of 1.2 years.
Note 14. Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as the Company qualifies as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on that portion of its income that it distributes to its stockholders if it annually distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and does not engage in prohibited transactions. The Company
22
GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
intends to distribute 100% of its REIT taxable income and to continue to comply with all requirements to qualify as a REIT. The majority of states also recognize the Company’s REIT status. The Company’s TRS files a separate federal tax return and is fully taxed as a standalone U.S. C-corporation. It is assumed that the Company will retain its REIT status and will incur no REIT-level taxation as it intends to comply with the REIT regulations and annual distribution requirements.
Based on the Company’s evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements of a contingent tax liability for uncertain tax positions. Additionally, there were no amounts accrued for penalties or interest as of, or during, the periods presented in these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 15. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
The following table presents a reconciliation of the earnings and shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except share data) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends allocated to participating restricted stock units | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders - basic | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders - diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average restricted stock shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share is the effect of adding back $2.3 million of interest expense related to the Company’s convertible senior notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, 6,591,765 of weighted average common share equivalents related to the assumed conversion of the Company’s convertible senior notes were also excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as their inclusion would be antidilutive. As of March 31, 2024, the convertible notes have been redeemed and no notes remain outstanding.
The computation of diluted earnings per share is also based on the incremental shares that would be outstanding assuming the settlement of RSUs. The number of incremental shares is calculated by applying the treasury stock method. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, 769,854 and 1,219,646 of weighted-average unvested RSUs, respectively, were excluded in the dilutive earnings per share denominator, as their inclusion would be antidilutive.
The computation of diluted earnings per share is also based on the incremental shares that would be outstanding assuming the settlement of PSUs. The number of incremental shares is calculated by applying the treasury stock method. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, 420,997 additional weighted-average unvested PSUs were excluded in the dilutive earnings per share denominator, as their inclusion would be antidilutive. As of March 31, 2024, there were no incremental shares of unvested PSUs.
Note 16. Subsequent Events
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Our Company
Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. is an internally-managed real estate finance company that focuses primarily on directly originating, investing in and managing senior floating-rate commercial mortgage loans and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. Our investment objective is to preserve our stockholders’ capital while generating attractive risk-adjusted returns over the long term, primarily through dividends derived from current income produced by our investment portfolio. We operate as a REIT, as defined under the Code. We also operate our business in a manner intended to maintain our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act. We operate our business as one segment.
Recent Developments
Macroeconomic Environment
The period over the last several quarters has been characterized by continued volatility in the global securities markets, driven by investor concerns over inflation, high interest rates, escalating trade tensions, slowing economic growth, political and regulatory uncertainty and geopolitical conditions. Events affecting financial institutions during the first quarter of 2024 have also contributed to volatility in global markets and diminished liquidity and credit availability.
Although the Federal Reserve has indicated that no further interest rate increases are expected in 2024, how long interest rates will remain at their current elevated level and the direction and extent of any future interest rate changes remain uncertain. Although our business model is such that higher interest rates should, all else being equal, generally correlate to higher net income, interest rates having remained elevated for an extended period of time have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our existing borrowers and the cost of financing their properties and lead to nonperformance. Additionally, higher interest rates and increasing costs may dampen consumer spending and slow corporate profit growth, which may negatively impact the collateral underlying certain of our loans. Higher interest rates have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, commercial real estate property values. It remains difficult to predict the full impact on macroeconomic conditions and our business of recent events and any future changes in interest rates or inflation.
Office Property Market
The office property market has been experiencing higher vacancies, slower leasing activity and various tenants re-evaluating their need for space due in large part to the continued trend towards remote work. These factors coupled with inflation, high interest rates and limited market liquidity have created a high level of uncertainty with respect to property values. These dynamics have stressed certain borrowers’ ability and willingness to support their properties and perform in accordance with the terms of their loans. Given this uncertainty, it remains difficult to predict the effect these challenging conditions may have on the office property market, our borrowers, their performance under the terms of our loans secured by office properties and our financial results.
24
First Quarter 2024 Activity
Operating Results:
•Recognized GAAP net (loss) attributable to common stockholders of $(77.7) million, or $(1.53) per basic share.
•Generated Distributable Earnings to common stockholders of $1.3 million, or $0.03 per basic share, which excludes the $(75.6) million in non-cash provision for credit losses, $(2.2) million of non-cash equity compensation expense and $(1.3) million of non-cash depreciation and amortization on REO.
•Recorded an increase to the allowance for credit losses of $75.6 million, for a total allowance of credit losses of $212.7 million, or approximately 7.5% of total loan commitments of $2.8 billion at March 31, 2024.
•Book value per share of common stock at March 31, 2024, was $11.14, inclusive of $(4.17) per share of total CECL reserve.
•Declared common stock dividends of $8.0 million, or $0.15 per share of common stock, and preferred dividends of $3.6 million, or $0.43750 per share of Series A Preferred Stock.
Investment Portfolio Activity:
•Funded $17.5 million of prior loan commitments and loan upsizing.
•Realized $35.5 million of total unpaid principal balance in loan repayments, principal paydowns and amortization.
•Maintained a portfolio of 71 loan investments with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $2.7 billion and total commitments of $2.8 billion, a weighted average stabilized LTV at origination of 63.5%, and a weighted average all-in yield at origination of Standard Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR or S, +4.03%.
Available Liquidity:
•At March 31, 2024, carried unrestricted cash of $155.2 million, a portion of which is subject to certain liquidity covenants, and $0.5 million restricted cash related to balances in CRE CLOs.
Key Financial Measures and Indicators
As a commercial real estate finance company, we believe the key financial measures and indicators for our business are earnings per share presented on a GAAP basis, dividends declared on common stock, Distributable Earnings and book value per share of common stock. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded a GAAP net (Loss) per basic share of $(1.53), declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock and reported Distributable Earnings of $0.03 per basic share. Our book value as of March 31, 2024, was $11.14 per share of common stock, inclusive of $(4.17) per share of total CECL reserves.
As further described below, Distributable Earnings is a measure that is not prepared in accordance with GAAP. We use Distributable Earnings to evaluate our performance, excluding the effects of certain transactions and GAAP adjustments that we believe are not necessarily indicative of our current loan portfolio and operations. In addition, Distributable Earnings is a performance metric we consider, along with other measures, when declaring our common stock dividends.
(Loss) Earnings Per Share and Dividends Declared Per Common Share
The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share and dividends declared per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except share data) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | (77,723) | $ | (37,454) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 50,744,532 | 52,308,380 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding | 50,744,532 | 52,308,380 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic (loss) per basic common share | $ | (1.53) | $ | (0.72) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted (loss) per basic common share | $ | (1.53) | $ | (0.72) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dividend declared per common share | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.20 | |||||||||||||||||||
Distributable Earnings
In order to maintain our status as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income as dividends. Distributable Earnings is intended to over time serve as a general, though imperfect, proxy for our taxable income. As such, Distributable Earnings is considered a key indicator of our ability to generate sufficient income to pay dividends on our common stock, which is the primary focus of income-oriented investors who comprise a meaningful segment of our stockholder base. We believe providing Distributable Earnings on a supplemental basis to our net income (loss) and cash flow from
25
operating activities, as determined in accordance with GAAP, is helpful to stockholders in assessing the overall operating performance of our business.
For reporting purposes, we define Distributable Earnings as net income (loss) attributable to our stockholders, computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding: (i) non-cash equity compensation expenses; (ii) depreciation and amortization; (iii) any unrealized gains (losses) or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income (loss) for the applicable reporting period (regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or in net income (loss) for such period); and (iv) certain non-cash items and one-time expenses. Distributable Earnings may also be adjusted from time to time for reporting purposes to exclude one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain other material non-cash income or expense items approved by a majority of our independent directors. The exclusion of depreciation and amortization from the calculation of Distributable Earnings only applies to debt investments related to real estate to the extent we foreclose upon the property or properties underlying such debt investments.
While Distributable Earnings excludes the impact of the unrealized non-cash current provision for credit losses, we expect to only recognize such potential credit losses in Distributable Earnings if and when such amounts are deemed non-recoverable. This is generally at the time a loan is repaid, or in the case of foreclosure, when the underlying asset is sold, but non-recoverability may also be concluded if, in our determination, it is nearly certain that all amounts due will not be collected. The realized loss amount reflected in Distributable Earnings will equal the difference between the cash received, or expected to be received, and the carrying value of the asset, and is reflective of our economic experience as it relates to the ultimate realization of the loan. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded provision for credit losses of $(75.6) million, which has been excluded from Distributable Earnings, consistent with other unrealized gains (losses) and other non-cash items pursuant to our existing policy for reporting Distributable Earnings referenced above. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded $(1.3) million in depreciation and amortization on REO and related intangibles, which has been excluded from Distributable Earnings consistent with other unrealized gains (losses) and other non-cash items pursuant to our existing policy for reporting Distributable Earnings referenced above.
Distributable Earnings does not represent net income (loss) or cash flow from operating activities and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income (loss), or an indication of our GAAP cash flows from operations, a measure of our liquidity, or an indication of funds available for our cash needs. In addition, our methodology for calculating Distributable Earnings may differ from the methodologies employed by other companies to calculate the same or similar supplemental performance measures, and, accordingly, our reported Distributable Earnings may not be comparable to the Distributable Earnings reported by other companies.
We believe it is useful to our stockholders to present Distributable Earnings before realized losses to reflect our run-rate operating results as (i) our operating results are mainly comprised of net interest income earned on our loan investments net of our operating expenses, which comprise our ongoing operations, (ii) it helps our stockholders in assessing the overall run-rate operating performance of our business, and (iii) it has been a useful reference related to our common dividend as it is one of the factors we and our Board of Directors consider when declaring the dividend. We believe that our stockholders use Distributable Earnings and Distributable Earnings before realized losses, or a comparable supplemental performance measure, to evaluate and compare the performance of our company and our peers.
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The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP net (loss) attributable to common stockholders to Distributable Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except share data) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of GAAP net (loss) to Distributable Earnings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GAAP net (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | (77,723) | $ | (37,454) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (benefit from) credit losses | 75,552 | 46,410 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned | 1,302 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt | — | (238) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash equity compensation | 2,171 | 1,955 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributable Earnings before realized losses | $ | 1,302 | $ | 10,673 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Realized losses on write-offs, loan sales and REO conversions | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Distributable Earnings | $ | 1,302 | $ | 10,673 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Distributable Earnings per basic share of common stock | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.20 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Distributable Earnings per diluted share of common stock | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.20 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Basic weighted average common shares | 50,744,532 | 52,308,380 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average common shares | 50,744,532 | 52,308,380 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Book Value Per Common Share
The following table provides the calculation of our book value per share of common stock as of March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| (in thousands, except share data) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | $ | 774,118 | $ | 858,898 | ||||||||||||||||
| 7.00% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock liquidation preference | (205,738) | (205,738) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common stockholders’ equity | $ | 568,380 | $ | 653,160 | ||||||||||||||||
| Shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock | 51,034,800 | 50,577,841 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Book value per share of common stock | $ | 11.14 | $ | 12.91 | ||||||||||||||||
Book value per share as of March 31, 2024, includes the impact of an estimated allowance for credit losses of $(212.7) million, or $(4.17) per common share. See Note 3 – Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a detailed discussion of allowance for credit losses.
Loan Portfolio Overview
Our business model is mainly focused on directly originating, investing in and managing senior floating-rate commercial mortgage loans and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. As a result of this strategy, our operating performance is subject to overall market demand for commercial real estate loan products and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. We place emphasis on diversifying our investment portfolio across geographical regions and local markets, property types, borrowers and loan structures. We do not limit our loan originations by geographical area or property type so that we may develop a well-diversified investment portfolio.
Interest-earning assets include our 100% loan investment portfolio. At March 31, 2024, our loan portfolio was comprised of 71 investments, of which 70 were senior first mortgage loans totaling $2.8 billion of commitments with an unpaid principal balance of $2.7 billion, and one subordinated loan totaling $13.4 million in commitments and unpaid principal balance. At March 31, 2024, the weighted average risk rating of our loan portfolio was 3.0 as compared to 2.8 at December 31, 2023, weighted by total unpaid principal balance.
We may hold REO as a result of taking title to a loan’s collateral. As of March 31, 2024, we owned one office property with a carrying value of $19.2 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we funded $15.0 million under existing loan commitments and $2.5 million on loan upsizings. We realized $35.5 million in aggregate reductions in portfolio unpaid principal balance from loan repayments, paydowns and amortization. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we generated interest income of
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$54.1 million and incurred interest expense of $(41.5) million, which resulted in net interest income of $12.5 million. See Note 3 - Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further detail.
The following table details our loan activity by unpaid principal balance for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||
Other loan fundings(1) | 17,451 | 17,324 | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred interest capitalized | 550 | 881 | |||||||||||||||
Loan repayments | (35,478) | (59,450) | |||||||||||||||
| Total loan activity, net | $ | (17,477) | $ | (41,245) | |||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Additional fundings made under existing loan commitments and upsizing of loans.
The following table details overall statistics for our loan portfolio as of March 31, 2024:
| (dollars in thousands) | |||||
| Loan Portfolio Summary | |||||
Number of loans | 71 | ||||
Total loan commitments | $ | 2,844,089 | |||
| Unpaid principal balance | $ | 2,709,702 | |||
Unfunded loan commitments | $ | 134,387 | |||
| Carrying value | $ | 2,492,539 | |||
Weighted-average cash coupon(1) | S+3.75% | ||||
Weighted-average all-in yield(2) | S+4.03% | ||||
Stabilized LTV at origination(3) | 63.5 | % | |||
______________________
(1)Cash coupon does not include origination or exit fees. Weighted average cash coupon excludes fixed rate loans.
(2)Yield includes net origination fees and exit fees, but does not include future fundings, and is expressed as a monthly equivalent. Weighted average yield excludes fixed rate loans.
(3)Stabilized loan-to-value ratio, or stabilized LTV, is calculated as the fully funded loan amount (plus any financing that is pari passu with or senior to such loan), including all contractually provided for future fundings, divided by the as stabilized value (as determined in conformance with USPAP) set forth in the original appraisal. As stabilized value may be based on certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting, payment of tenant improvement or leasing commissions allowances or free or abated rent periods, or increased tenant occupancies.
The following table provides detail of our loan portfolio as of March 31, 2024:
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type(1) | Origination/ Acquisition Date | Maximum Loan Commitment | Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Cash Coupon(2) | All-in Yield at Origination(3) | Original Term (Years)(4) | State | Property Type | Initial LTV(5) | Stabilized LTV(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans Held-For-Investment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/19 | $111.1 | $109.2 | $109.0 | S+2.80% | S+3.23% | 3.0 | IL | Multifamily | 76.5% | 73.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 12/18 | 96.5 | 94.4 | 94.2 | S+3.75% | S+5.21% | 3.0 | NY | Mixed-Use | 26.2% | 47.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 08/19 | 93.1 | 93.1 | 93.2 | S+2.85% | S+3.26% | 3.0 | MN | Office | 73.1% | 71.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 07/19 | 88.0 | 80.6 | 80.4 | S+3.74% | S+4.32% | 3.0 | IL | Office | 70.0% | 64.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 10/19 | 87.4 | 87.2 | 86.7 | S+2.60% | S+3.05% | 3.0 | TN | Office | 70.2% | 74.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 12/15 | 85.9 | 83.6 | 83.5 | S+4.15% | S+4.43% | 4.0 | LA | Mixed-Use | 65.5% | 60.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/19 | 80.7 | 80.5 | 80.1 | S+3.29% | S+3.05% | 3.0 | TX | Mixed-Use | 71.7% | 72.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/18 | 78.1 | 60.3 | 60.3 | S+3.40% | S+3.44% | 3.0 | TX | Office | 68.5% | 66.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 10/19 | 77.3 | 77.3 | 77.3 | S+3.41% | S+3.73% | 3.0 | FL | Mixed-Use | 67.7% | 62.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 10/22 | 77.3 | 77.3 | 77.3 | S+4.50% | S+4.61% | 2.0 | CA | Retail | 47.7% | 36.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/19 | 69.2 | 63.6 | 63.6 | S+3.50% | S+3.28% | 3.0 | NY | Office | 68.8% | 59.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 12/16 | 66.5 | 66.5 | 66.5 | S+5.15% | S+4.87% | 4.0 | FL | Office | 73.3% | 63.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/23 | 61.8 | 50.3 | 50.3 | S+5.50% | S+5.65% | 2.0 | CA | Office | 80.0% | 79.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 05/22 | 55.5 | 48.0 | 47.8 | S+3.29% | S+3.70% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 59.3% | 62.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/19 | 54.1 | 54.1 | 53.9 | S+3.35% | S+3.70% | 3.0 | VA | Office | 49.3% | 49.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 09/21 | 53.2 | 52.5 | 52.5 | S+5.05% | S+5.12% | 3.0 | MN | Hotel | 68.4% | 57.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 11/21 | 52.8 | 51.0 | 50.9 | S+3.40% | S+3.82% | 3.0 | PA | Mixed-Use | 62.0% | 63.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/21 | 52.7 | 47.5 | 47.5 | S+4.38% | S+4.75% | 3.0 | GA | Office | 68.0% | 69.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 08/17 | 49.5 | 49.5 | 49.3 | S+4.35% | S+4.40% | 3.0 | KY | Multifamily | 79.8% | 73.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 07/22 | 47.7 | 46.2 | 45.7 | S+3.76% | S+4.25% | 3.0 | GA | Multifamily | 74.5% | 68.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Senior | 03/22 | 46.9 | 46.9 | 46.6 | S+3.25% | S+3.64% | 3.0 | MA | Industrial | 67.3% | 60.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 07/21 | 46.4 | 45.4 | 45.3 | S+3.72% | S+4.19% | 3.0 | CT | Office | 68.3% | 63.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 04/22 | 46.2 | 44.4 | 44.1 | S+3.41% | S+3.78% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 74.4% | 64.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/21 | 45.8 | 45.4 | 45.3 | S+3.21% | S+3.53% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 77.8% | 75.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 09/21 | 44.3 | 41.1 | 40.9 | S+3.36% | S+3.72% | 3.0 | CA | Office | 62.4% | 66.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 02/22 | 42.4 | 42.4 | 42.2 | S+3.05% | S+3.40% | 3.0 | NJ | Industrial | 75.0% | 59.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 04/22 | 40.2 | 37.5 | 37.3 | S+4.65% | S+4.87% | 3.0 | NY | Other | 66.7% | 61.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/17 | 39.2 | 38.9 | 38.7 | S+5.25% | S+5.26% | 3.0 | MA | Mixed-Use | 72.9% | 62.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 05/21 | 38.9 | 37.6 | 37.4 | S+3.33% | S+3.83% | 3.0 | AL | Multifamily | 72.2% | 64.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 07/16 | 38.5 | 38.5 | 38.4 | S+5.55% | S+4.99% | 4.0 | VA | Office | 62.8% | 61.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 11/18 | 37.1 | 37.1 | 37.1 | S+3.60% | S+5.50% | 3.0 | CA | Mixed-Use | 69.9% | 67.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 05/18 | 35.7 | 35.7 | 35.7 | S+3.18% | S+3.95% | 3.0 | MA | Office | 47.0% | 41.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 03/20 | 34.9 | 24.2 | 24.2 | S+5.04% | S+4.66% | 3.0 | GA | Office | 63.2% | 64.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 12/18 | 34.2 | 34.0 | 33.8 | S+4.11% | S+3.27% | 4.0 | IL | Multifamily | 70.8% | 62.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/19 | 33.5 | 31.6 | 31.6 | S+2.96% | S+3.38% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 79.3% | 72.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 11/21 | 33.4 | 32.5 | 32.4 | S+3.13% | S+3.52% | 3.0 | AL | Multifamily | 77.9% | 68.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 11/19 | 32.9 | 32.7 | 32.6 | S+3.73% | S+3.14% | 3.0 | NC | Multifamily | 80.0% | 72.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 03/16 | 32.3 | 32.3 | 32.3 | 5.11% | 5.26% | 10.0 | NJ | Office | 74.9% | 74.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 04/22 | 31.8 | 30.4 | 30.3 | S+3.35% | S+3.73% | 3.0 | GA | Multifamily | 75.1% | 67.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 03/19 | 30.6 | 29.3 | 29.3 | S+2.97% | S+3.42% | 3.0 | NY | Office | 53.8% | 48.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 04/22 | 28.6 | 26.6 | 26.5 | S+3.22% | S+3.55% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 73.3% | 63.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 12/18 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 28.1 | S+3.90% | S+4.42% | 3.0 | MN | Hotel | 64.7% | 57.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 03/22 | 27.2 | 24.3 | 24.1 | S+4.14% | S+4.89% | 3.0 | NC | Office | 47.4% | 53.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 01/19 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.9 | S+4.45% | S+3.38% | 3.0 | TX | Multifamily | 64.9% | 64.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/19 | 26.8 | 26.6 | 26.5 | S+3.20% | S+3.67% | 3.0 | SC | Multifamily | 67.0% | 58.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 01/19 | 26.1 | 26.1 | 26.1 | S+3.40% | S+3.44% | 3.0 | MA | Office | 71.2% | 70.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 10/21 | 25.7 | 25.7 | 25.5 | S+3.20% | S+3.43% | 4.0 | GA | Industrial | 67.5% | 64.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 01/18 | 25.2 | 25.2 | 25.1 | S+5.18% | S+5.58% | 3.0 | AZ | Hotel | 65.8% | 61.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/19 | 25.0 | 23.9 | 23.8 | S+2.71% | S+3.07% | 2.0 | OK | Multifamily | 79.9% | 74.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/21 | 24.7 | 16.7 | 16.6 | S+3.36% | S+3.59% | 3.0 | CA | Office | 72.9% | 68.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 03/20 | 24.7 | 22.4 | 22.3 | S+4.25% | S+3.27% | 3.0 | CA | Office | 63.6% | 66.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 09/21 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.5 | S+3.23% | S+3.61% | 3.0 | CA | Multifamily | 71.9% | 57.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 05/21 | 23.3 | 19.2 | 19.1 | S+3.55% | S+4.09% | 3.0 | LA | Multifamily | 68.0% | 69.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 02/22 | 22.9 | 20.1 | 20.0 | S+3.90% | S+4.29% | 3.0 | CO | Office | 64.4% | 60.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 02/20 | 21.9 | 21.9 | 21.8 | S+4.00% | S+3.75% | 3.0 | TN | Hotel | 69.1% | 54.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/19 | 21.5 | 21.5 | 21.4 | S+4.55% | S+5.05% | 3.0 | NY | Other | 39.6% | 39.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 05/21 | 20.6 | 20.4 | 20.4 | S+4.05% | S+4.41% | 3.0 | FL | Multifamily | 69.8% | 62.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/18 | 20.5 | 19.2 | 19.1 | S+5.31% | S+4.73% | 3.0 | FL | Retail | 74.0% | 69.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 12/21 | 20.4 | 20.4 | 20.3 | S+3.91% | S+4.16% | 3.0 | Various | Other | 55.1% | 64.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/19 | 20.4 | 20.4 | 20.3 | S+3.25% | S+4.24% | 3.0 | GA | Mixed-Use | 60.6% | 67.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 11/18 | 18.5 | 16.9 | 16.8 | S+5.00% | S+3.83% | 3.0 | CA | Office | 73.1% | 64.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 10/18 | 16.9 | 16.9 | 16.9 | S+4.71% | S+5.16% | 3.0 | CT | Hotel | 75.4% | 66.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/21 | 16.7 | 14.2 | 14.1 | S+3.41% | S+3.82% | 4.0 | IN | Multifamily | 67.0% | 66.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 07/19 | 15.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | S+3.07% | S+3.60% | 3.0 | OH | Office | 63.1% | 66.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/17 | 15.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | S+5.25% | S+5.49% | 3.0 | PA | Office | 66.7% | 67.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 08/21 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 14.0 | S+3.70% | S+3.88% | 3.0 | CO | Office | 72.0% | 63.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 07/18 | 14.3 | 10.0 | 10.0 | S+4.86% | S+4.35% | 3.0 | CA | Office | 77.1% | 63.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mezzanine | 01/17 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 8.00% | 8.11% | 10.0 | HI | Hotel | 41.4% | 36.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior(7) | 09/19 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | S+3.05% | S+3.50% | 3.0 | WI | Multifamily | 51.4% | 75.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 06/19 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 10.4 | S+4.01% | S+4.69% | 3.0 | NY | Office | 40.7% | 60.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior | 01/18 | 8.3 | 6.6 | 6.6 | S+5.25% | S+5.50% | 3.0 | PA | Office | 66.8% | 67.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | (210.1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total/Weighted Average Loans | $2,844.1 | $2,709.7 | $2,492.5 | S+3.75% | S+4.03% | 3.2 | 66.6% | 63.5% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)“Senior” means a loan primarily secured by a first priority lien on commercial real property and related personal property and also includes, when applicable, any companion subordinate loans.
(2)Cash coupon does not include origination or exit fees. Weighted average cash coupon excludes fixed rate loans.
(3)Yield includes net origination fees and exit fees, but does not include future fundings, and is expressed as a monthly equivalent. Weighted average yield excludes fixed rate loans.
(4)Original term (years) is the initial maturity date at origination and does not include any extension options and has not been updated to reflect any subsequent extensions or modifications, if applicable.
(5)Initial loan-to-value ratio, or initial LTV, is calculated as the initial loan amount (plus any financing that is pari passu with or senior to such loan) divided by the as is appraised value (as determined in conformance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, or USPAP) as of the date of the loan was originated set forth in the original appraisal.
(6)Stabilized LTV is calculated as the fully funded loan amount (plus any financing that is pari passu with or senior to such loan), including all contractually provided for future fundings, divided by the as stabilized value (as determined in conformance with USPAP) set forth in the original appraisal. As stabilized value may be based on certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting, payment of tenant improvement or leasing commissions allowances or free or abated rent periods, or increased tenant occupancies.
(7)Loan was held on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2024.
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Most of our loans are structured with an initial maturity term, typically three years, and one or more (typically two) one-year extension options, which can be exercised by the borrower subject to meeting various extension conditions in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. As part of our overall asset management strategy, we have in the past entered into, and may in the future enter into, loan modifications with some of our borrowers. These amendments may include, among other things, modifying or waiving certain performance or extension conditions as part of the overall agreement.
The map and charts below, weighted by carrying value, illustrate the geographic distribution and types of properties securing our loan portfolio as of March 31, 2024:
Portfolio Management and Credit Quality
We actively manage each loan investment from closing and initial funding through final repayment and assess the risk of credit deterioration by quarterly evaluating the performance of the underlying collateral properties. We also evaluate the macroeconomic environment, prevailing real estate fundamentals and local property market dynamics. Typically, our loan documents allow us, among other things, to receive regular property, borrower and guarantor financial statements; approve annual budgets and major tenant leases; and enforce loan covenants and remedies. In addition, we work with a leading commercial real estate loan servicer, which provides us with a fully-dedicated and experienced team to increase efficiency and
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leverage our internal resources in servicing and asset managing our loan investments. Our internal team retains authority on all asset management decisions.
We maintain strong relationships and an active asset management dialogue with our borrowers. We have leveraged those relationships along with our team’s experience to maximize the performance of our portfolio, including during periods of real estate market and economic uncertainty and volatility. While we generally believe that the principal amount of our loans is sufficiently protected by the underlying collateral value, there is a risk that we will not realize the entire principal amount of certain of our loan investments.
In addition to ongoing asset management, we review our entire portfolio quarterly, assess the performance of each loan and assign it a risk rating on a scale between “1” and “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively. The risk ratings are based on many factors, which include, but are not limited to, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, leasing and tenant profile, projected cash flow, collateral performance, loan structure and exit plan, origination LTV, project sponsorship and other factors deemed appropriate. We evaluate these factors with respect to each loan investment on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such loan’s facts and circumstances at the time. The risk factors may be given different weightings depending on the specifics of each loan. See Note 3 - Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion regarding the risk rating methodology we use for our portfolio.
The following table allocates the unpaid principal balance and the carrying value balances based on our internal risk ratings as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Rating | Number of Loans | Unpaid Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Number of Loans | Unpaid Principal Balance | Carrying Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 6 | $ | 147,883 | $ | 146,993 | 4 | $ | 71,597 | $ | 71,211 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 28 | 1,019,966 | 1,001,412 | 36 | 1,277,491 | 1,262,126 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 22 | 839,411 | 820,766 | 24 | 862,102 | 842,175 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 5 | 162,784 | 139,811 | 4 | 192,104 | 174,313 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 10 | 539,658 | 383,557 | 5 | 323,885 | 234,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 71 | $ | 2,709,702 | $ | 2,492,539 | 73 | $ | 2,727,179 | $ | 2,583,825 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2024, the weighted average risk rating of the Company’s loan portfolio was 3.0, versus 2.8 as of December 31, 2023, weighted by unpaid principal balance. The quarter-over-quarter change in the weighted average portfolio risk rating is mainly a result of select loan rating downgrades, including five loans downgraded to a risk rating of “5” partially offset by certain loan rating upgrades.
Risk-Rated “5” Loan Summaries
As of March 31, 2024, we had ten loans that had a risk rating of “5” with an aggregate principal balance of $539.7 million, for which we recorded an allowance for credit losses of $155.3 million. These ten loans were on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2024. The performance of these assets has been adversely affected to varying degrees by many different factors, such as slower leasing velocity, including leasing challenges of office properties in certain markets related to work from home trends and other submarket dynamics, combined with a significant rise in interest rates resulting in a meaningful reduction in real estate transaction activity, capital markets volatility and limited market liquidity affecting property values and these borrowers’ ability to either sell or refinance their loans, and other property specific factors.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with an outstanding principal balance of $94.4 million collateralized by a mixed-use retail and office property located in New York, NY, was downgraded from a risk rating of “4” to a risk rating of “5” and placed on nonaccrual status. The borrower has begun a process to sell the collateral property, which remains ongoing. However, given the volatile and uncertain market conditions, there may be no assurances that the sale process will be completed, and the timing and ultimate outcome remain uncertain.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with an outstanding principal balance of $34.0 million collateralized by a multifamily property located in Chicago, IL, was downgraded from a risk rating of “3” to a risk rating of “5” and placed on nonaccrual status. The borrower has begun a process to sell the collateral property, which remains ongoing. However, given the volatile and uncertain market conditions, there may be no assurances that the sale process will be completed, and the timing and ultimate outcome remain uncertain.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with a principal balance of $26.1 million collateralized by an office property located in Boston, MA, was downgraded from a risk rating of “4” to a risk rating of “5” and placed on nonaccrual status. We are in an ongoing dialogue with the borrower regarding next steps and potential resolutions with respect to this loan, the timing and ultimate outcome of which remain uncertain.
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During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with an outstanding principal balance of $51.0 million collateralized by a mixed-use multifamily, office and event space property located in Pittsburgh, PA, was downgraded from a risk rating of “3” to a risk rating of “5” and placed on nonaccrual status. The borrower has begun a process to sell the collateral property, which remains ongoing. However, given the volatile and uncertain market conditions, there may be no assurances that the sale process will be completed, and the timing and ultimate outcome remain uncertain.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with a principal balance of $11.6 million collateralized by a multifamily property located in Milwaukee, WI was downgraded from a risk rating of “3” to a risk rating of “5”. The loan was on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2024. The borrower has begun a process to sell the collateral property, which remains ongoing. However, given the volatile and uncertain market conditions, there may be no assurances that the sale process will be completed, and the timing and ultimate outcome remain uncertain.
Other Portfolio Developments
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a first mortgage loan with a principal balance of $35.7 million collateralized by an office property located in Maynard, MA, was deemed to be collateral dependent as a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure was considered probable. As a result, the loan was placed on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2024.
Loan Modification Activity
Loan modifications and amendments are commonplace in the transitional lending business. We may amend or modify a loan depending on the loan’s specific facts and circumstances. These loan modifications may include additional time for the borrower to refinance or sell the collateral property, adjustment or waiver of performance tests that are prerequisite to the extension of a loan maturity, and/or deferral of scheduled payments. In exchange for a modification, we often receive a partial repayment of principal, an accrual of deferral interest for a portion of interest due, a cash infusion to replenish interest or capital improvement reserves, termination of all or a portion of the remaining unfunded loan commitment, additional call protection, and/or an increase in the loan coupon or additional loan fees.
During the year ended December 31, 2023,we completed the modification of a first mortgage loan secured by a multifamily student housing property in Louisville, KY. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the loan had a principal balance of $49.5 million and $48.5 million, respectively. The terms of the modification included, among other things, a 12-month extension of the fully-extended maturity date to November 9, 2024, the full deferral of debt service payments with interest capitalized and compounding, the deferral of the extension fee and our agreement to pay for approved expenses, in its sole discretion. Due to the uncertainty with respect to the collection of future interest accruals, the loan was placed on nonaccrual status.
Portfolio Financing
As of March 31, 2024, our portfolio financing consisted of repurchase and secured credit facilities collateralized by loans held-for-investment and our one REO asset, and securitized debt obligations collateralized by pools of loans held-for-investment issued in CRE CLOs. Our non-mark-to-market financing sources accounted for approximately 56.5% of portfolio loan-level financing as of March 31, 2024.
The following table details our portfolio loan-level financing as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||
| CRE CLOs | $ | 990,617 | $ | 991,698 | |||||||
| Secured credit facility | 84,000 | 84,000 | |||||||||
Secured repurchase agreement (non-mark-to-market)(1) | 9,207 | 6,213 | |||||||||
| Total non-mark-to-market financing | 1,083,824 | 1,081,911 | |||||||||
| Secured repurchase agreements (mark-to-market) | 833,289 | 869,229 | |||||||||
| Total portfolio financing | $ | 1,917,113 | $ | 1,951,140 | |||||||
______________________
(1)Subsequent to March 31, 2024, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the facility and terminated the facility.
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The following table summarizes assets at carrying values that served as collateral for the future payment obligations of the repurchase facilities, the asset-specific financing facility, the term financing facility, the secured credit facility and the CRE CLOs as of March 31, 2024, and 2023:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | 2,454,122 | $ | 2,522,187 | |||||||
Real Estate Owned, net(1) | 19,160 | 20,508 | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | 486 | — | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 2,473,768 | $ | 2,542,695 | |||||||
______________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, real estate owned, net included $2.8 million and $3.6 million in other assets and liabilities related to acquired leases, respectively.
Secured Repurchase Agreements
As of March 31, 2024, we had repurchase facilities in place with five counterparties with aggregate outstanding borrowings of $0.8 billion, which financed a portion of our loans held-for-investment and real estate owned. As of March 31, 2024, the weighted average borrowing rate on our repurchase facilities was 8.7%, the weighted average advance rate was 65.6%, and the term to maturity ranged from 89 days to approximately 1.3 years, with a weighted average remaining maturity of 1.1 years.
The table below details our secured repurchase facilities as of March 31, 2024:
| March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Maturity Date(1) | Committed | Amount Outstanding | Unused Capacity(2) | Total Capacity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan Stanley Bank | June 28, 2024 | No | $ | 150,936 | $ | 324,064 | $ | 475,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs Bank USA(3) | July 13, 2024 | No | — | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| JPMorgan Chase Bank | July 28, 2025 | No | 508,968 | 11,022 | 519,990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citibank | May 25, 2025 | No | 173,385 | 326,615 | 500,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Centennial Bank(4) | August 29, 2024 | No | 9,207 | 140,793 | 150,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)The facilities are set to mature on the stated maturity date, unless extended pursuant to their terms.
(2)Unused capacity is not committed as of March 31, 2024.
(3)As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company retained an option to increase the maximum facility capacity amount up to $350 million, subject to customary terms and conditions. The Company had no outstanding borrowings under the facility as of March 31, 2024.
(4)Subsequent to March 31, 2024, we repaid all outstanding borrowings under the facility and terminated the facility.
Under our existing repurchase facilities, our counterparties may make margin calls as a result of a perceived decline in the value of our assets collateralizing the given secured financing arrangement due to a credit event or, under a limited number of our repurchase facilities, due to market events. To cover a margin call, we may transfer cash or other loan collateral to such a counterparty. Should the value of our assets suddenly decrease, significant margin calls on our mark-to-market repurchase facilities could result, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position.
Commercial Real Estate Collateralized Loan Obligations
We have financed certain pools of our loans through the issuance of CRE CLOs. At March 31, 2024, we had two CRE CLOs outstanding: GPMT 2021-FL4 and GPMT 2021-FL3, totaling $1.0 billion of outstanding borrowings, financing 39 of our existing first mortgage loan investments with an aggregate principal balance, inclusive of restricted cash, of $1.2 billion. As of March 31, 2024, our CRE CLOs financed 46.1% of our total loan portfolio principal balance on a term-matched, non-recourse and non-mark-to-market basis with attractive cost of funds.
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The following table details our CRE CLO securitized debt obligations as of March 31, 2024:
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized Debt Obligations | Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| GPMT 2021-FL4 CRE CLO | ||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral assets(2) | $ | 620,803 | $ | 605,449 | S+ 3.8% | |||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | 502,469 | 500,600 | S+ 1.8% | |||||||||||||||||
| GPMT 2021-FL3 CRE CLO | ||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral assets(3) | 627,836 | 564,698 | S+3.8% | |||||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | 490,017 | 490,017 | S+1.9% | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral assets | $ | 1,248,639 | $ | 1,170,147 | S+3.8% | |||||||||||||||
| Financing provided | $ | 992,486 | $ | 990,617 | S+1.8% | |||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Calculations of all in yield on collateral assets at origination are based on a number of assumptions (some or all of which may not occur) and are expressed as monthly equivalent yields that include net origination fees and exit fees and exclude future fundings and any potential or completed loan amendments or modifications. Calculations of cost of funds is the weighted average coupon of the CRE CLO, exclusive of any CRE CLO issuance costs.
(2)No restricted cash is included as of March 31, 2024. Yield on collateral assets is exclusive of restricted cash.
(3)$0.5 million in restricted cash is included as of March 31, 2024. Yield on collateral assets is exclusive of restricted cash.
Secured Credit Facility
In December 2022, we entered into a secured credit facility with a maximum borrowing capacity of $100.0 million. The facility had aggregate outstanding borrowings of $84.0 million as of March 31, 2024, which financed a portion of our loans held for investment on a non-mark-to-market basis. The facility matures on December 21, 2025.
The following table details the outstanding borrowings under our secured credit facility as of March 31, 2024:
| (dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Secured Credit Facility | Principal Balance | Carrying Value | Wtd. Avg. Yield/Cost (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Collateral assets | $ | 143,357 | $ | 107,338 | S+4.1% | |||||||||||||||
| Borrowings outstanding | 84,000 | 84,000 | S+6.5% | |||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Calculations of all in yield on collateral assets at origination are based on a number of assumptions (some or all of which may not occur) and are expressed as monthly equivalent yields that include net origination fees and exit fees and exclude future fundings and any potential or completed loan amendments or modifications. Calculations of all in weighted average yield at origination exclude fixed rate loans. Calculations of cost of funds is the initial weighted average coupon of the secured credit facility, exclusive of any secured credit facility issuance costs.
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Financial Covenants
We are subject to a variety of financial covenants under our secured financing agreements. The following represent the most restrictive financial covenants to which we are subject across our secured finance agreements:
Financial Covenant | Description | Value as of March 31, 2024 | ||||||
Cash Liquidity | Unrestricted cash liquidity of no less than the greater of $30.0 million and 5.0% of recourse indebtedness, which was $15.1 million. | Unrestricted cash of $155.2 million | ||||||
Tangible Net Worth | Tangible net worth greater than the sum of (i) $816.9 million and (ii) 75.0% of net cash proceeds of equity issuances after August 3, 2023. As the Company has not had any equity issuances after August 3, 2023, tangible net worth must be greater than $816.9 million. | Tangible net worth of $1.0 billion | ||||||
Leverage Ratios | Target asset leverage ratio cannot exceed 77.5% and total leverage ratio cannot exceed 80.0%. | Target asset leverage ratio of 70.9%; Total leverage ratio of 66.3% | ||||||
| Interest Coverage | Interest coverage ratio of no less than 1.3:1.0 through June 30, 2024, thereafter no less than 1.4:1.0. | Interest coverage of 1.4:1.0 | ||||||
We were in compliance with these financial covenants as of March 31, 2024.
Leverage Ratios
As of March 31, 2024, the total debt-to-equity ratio with respect to our loans held-for-investment was 2.3:1.0, and our recourse leverage ratio was 1.0:1.0. The period-over-period increase in our leverage ratios was mainly related to a decrease in total equity balance due to higher CECL reserves recorded during the period.
The following table represents our recourse leverage ratio and total leverage ratio as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
Recourse leverage ratio(1) | 1.0 | 0.9 | ||||||
Total leverage ratio(2) | 2.3 | 2.1 | ||||||
______________________
(1)The debt-to-equity ratio with respect to our loans held-for-investment, defined as recourse debt, net of cash, divided by total equity.
(2)The total debt-to-equity ratio with respect to our loans held-for-investment, defined as total debt, net of cash, divided by total equity.
Floating Rate Portfolio
Our business strategy seeks to minimize our exposure to changes in interest rates by matching benchmark indices on our assets with those on our asset level borrowings. Accordingly, our business model is such that, in general, rising interest rates will increase our net interest income, while declining interest rates will decrease our net interest income, subject to the impact of interest rate floors on our floating rate assets and certain liabilities. As of March 31, 2024, 98.3% of our loan investments by principal balance earned a floating rate of interest and were financed with liabilities that pay interest on a floating rate basis, which resulted in an amount of net floating rate exposure, subject to the impact of interest rate floors on certain of our floating rate loan investments, of $0.7 billion. As of March 31, 2024, 1.7% of our loan investments by principal balance earned a fixed rate of interest and were financed with liabilities that pay interest on a floating rate basis, which resulted in a negative correlation to rising interest rates on that amount of our financing.
The following table details our loan portfolio’s net floating rate exposure as of March 31, 2024:
| (in thousands) | Net Exposure | ||||
Floating rate assets(1)(2) | $ | 2,663,925 | |||
Floating rate liabilities(1)(3) | 1,918,982 | ||||
Net floating rate exposure | $ | 744,943 | |||
______________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024, all of our floating rate assets and liabilities were indexed to SOFR.
(2)Includes loans on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2024.
(3)Floating rate liabilities include our outstanding repurchase facilities, secured credit facility and CRE CLOs.
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Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities
The following tables present the components of interest income and average annualized net asset yield earned by asset type, the components of interest expense and average annualized cost of funds on borrowings incurred by collateral type and net interest income and average annualized net interest rate spread for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023. The net asset yield reflects the impact of loans held on nonaccrual status.
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Average Balance | Interest Income/Expense(1) | Net Yield/Cost of Funds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held-for-investment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior loans(3) | $ | 2,701,361 | $ | 51,693 | 7.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated loans | 13,468 | 272 | 8.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loan interest income/net asset yield | $ | 2,714,829 | $ | 51,965 | 7.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other - Interest on cash and cash equivalents | 2,090 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest income | $ | 54,055 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings collateralized by: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held-for-investment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior loans(3)(4) | $ | 1,927,808 | $ | 41,234 | 8.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated loans | 11,472 | 298 | 10.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense/cost of funds | $ | 1,939,280 | $ | 41,532 | 8.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/spread | $ | 12,523 | (0.9 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | Average Balance | Interest Income/Expense(1) | Net Yield/Cost of Funds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held-for-investment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior loans(3) | $ | 3,339,047 | $ | 65,017 | 7.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated loans | 13,722 | 274 | 8.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loan interest income/net asset yield | $ | 3,352,769 | $ | 65,291 | 8.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other - Interest on cash and cash equivalents | 1,428 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest income | $ | 66,719 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings collateralized by: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held-for-investment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior loans(3) | $ | 2,291,233 | $ | 41,337 | 7.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated loans | 8,241 | 158 | 7.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Convertible senior notes | 131,060 | 2,311 | 7.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense/cost of funds | $ | 2,430,534 | $ | 43,806 | 7.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/spread | $ | 22,913 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
______________________
(1)Includes amortization of deferred debt issuance costs.
(2)Average balance represents average amortized cost on loans held-for-investment.
(3)Loans primarily secured by a first priority lien on commercial real property and related personal property and also includes, when applicable, any companion subordinate loans.
(4)Included in collateralized borrowings is the Centennial repurchase facility with an outstanding balance of $9.2 million as shown in Note 6 - Secured Financing Agreements, which became collateralized by real estate owned on May 16, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the facility had an average balance collateralized by real estate owned of $5.8 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the facility accrued interest expense of $0.2 million related to the balance collateralized by real estate owned.
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Factors Affecting Our Operating Results
The results of our operations are affected by a number of factors and primarily depend on, among other things, the level of our net interest income, the availability and cost of financing for us, the market value of our assets, the credit performance of our assets and the supply of, and demand for, commercial real estate loans, other commercial real estate debt instruments and other financial assets available for investment in the market and available as a source of refinancing of our assets. Our interest income, which reflects the amortization of origination fees and direct costs, is recognized based on the contractual rate and the outstanding principal balance of the loans we originate. The objective of the interest method is to arrive at periodic interest income that yields a level rate of return over the loan term. Interest rates vary according to the type of loan or security, conditions in the financial markets, credit-worthiness of our borrowers, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. Our operating results may also be impacted by credit losses in excess of initial anticipations or unanticipated credit events experienced by our borrowers. We continue to monitor the effects on each of these factors in light of the significant volatility in global markets, driven by investor concerns over inflation, rising interest rates, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty, and how they will affect our operating results.
Loan Originations
Our business model is mainly focused on directly originating, investing in and managing senior floating-rate commercial mortgage loans and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. As a result of this strategy, our operating performance is subject to overall market demand for commercial real estate loan products and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments. We manage originations and acquisitions of our target investments by diversifying our investment portfolio across geographical regions, local markets, property types, borrower types and loan structures. We do not limit our investments to any number of geographical areas or property types for our originations so that we develop a well-diversified investment portfolio. Additionally, our team has extensive experience originating and acquiring commercial real estate loans and other debt and debt-like commercial real estate investments, through a network of long-standing relationships with borrowers, sponsors and industry brokers. Investor concerns over inflation, rising interest rates, slowing economic growth, and geopolitical uncertainty have resulted in significant disruptions and volatility in financial markets, uncertainty about the overall macroeconomic outlook and a dislocation in the commercial real estate sector, including reduced borrower demand, wider credit spreads, higher lending rates, increased capitalization rates on properties and significantly lower transaction volume. This dislocation in capital markets and decline in real estate sale transaction and refinancing activities have negatively impacted, and will likely continue to negatively impact, the volume of loan repayments and prepayments on select property types (which are a significant source of our overall liquidity) and the volume of our originations of new loan investments.
Financing Availability
We are subject to the availability and cost of financing to successfully execute on our business strategy and generate attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. Much of our financing is in the form of repurchase agreements or other types of credit facilities provided to us by our lender counterparties. We mitigate this counterparty risk by seeking to diversify our lending partners, focusing on establishing borrowing relationships with strong counterparties and continuously monitoring them through a thoughtful approach to counterparty risk oversight. Additionally, as part of our broader risk management strategy, and to the extent available in the market, we finance our business through other means, which may include, but not be limited to, securitizations, note sales and issuance of unsecured debt and equity instruments. We continue to actively explore additional types of funding facilities in order to further diversify our financing sources. Investor concerns over inflation trends, high interest rates, slowing economic growth, and geopolitical uncertainty have resulted in significant disruptions and volatility in financial markets and uncertainty about the overall macroeconomic and capital markets outlook. These conditions have negatively impacted, and may continue to negatively impact, real estate and real estate capital markets, which could make it more difficult for us to obtain or maintain financing.
We finance pools of our commercial real estate loans through CRE CLOs, retaining subordinate securities in our investment portfolio. Our CRE CLOs are accounted for as financings with the non-retained securitized debt obligations recognized on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Credit Risk
We are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in connection with our target investments. The performance and value of our investments depend upon sponsors’ ability to operate the properties that serve as our collateral so that they produce cash flows adequate to pay interest and principal due to us. In addition, we are exposed to the risks generally associated with the commercial real estate market, including variances in occupancy rates, capitalization rates, absorption rates and other macroeconomic factors beyond our control such as the level of market interest rates. We try to mitigate these risks by seeking to originate or acquire assets of higher quality at appropriate rates of return given anticipated and unanticipated losses, by employing a comprehensive review and selection process and by proactively monitoring our investments. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses, including as a result of inflation, rising interest rates, capital markets volatility, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty, could occur that could adversely impact our operating results. Volatility in market interest rates may result in fluctuations in cash flows and values of properties securing our loans. As a result, there may exist the risk of non-performance on our floating-rate loans, and in the case of a significant increase in interest rates, the cash flows of the
37
collateral properties may not sufficiently cover debt service due under our loans, which may contribute to loan non-performance or, in certain cases, loan default.
The environmental, social and governance, or ESG, factors associated with our potential collateral and borrowers could also pose credit risks to us. We try to mitigate these risks by incorporating diligence practices into our investment process to identify significant ESG concerns related to a given investment. The nature and scope of our ESG diligence will vary based on the investment but may include a review of, among other things, energy management, pollution and contamination, accounting standards, bribery and corruption.
We employ a long-term, fundamental value-oriented investment strategy and we aim to, on a loan-by-loan basis, construct an investment portfolio that is well-diversified across property types, geographies and sponsors.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses, such as compensation costs and expenses related to managing our investment portfolio, may vary over time and are subject to a variety of factors, including overall economic and market environment, competitive market forces driving employee-related costs and other related factors.
Allowance for Credit Losses
Our operating results are also impacted by the allowance for credit losses we record for loans held-for-investment using the CECL model pursuant to ASU 2016-13.
Changes in the Fair Value of Our Investments
We intend to hold our target investments for the long-term and, as such, they are carried at an amortized cost on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Although we intend to hold our target investments for the long-term, we may occasionally invest in debt securities and classify them as available-for-sale, or AFS. Investments classified as AFS are carried at their fair value, with changes in fair value recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity, rather than through earnings. We do not intend to hold any of our investments for trading purposes.
Changes in Market Interest Rates
Our primary interest rate exposures relate to the yield on our loans and other investments and the financing cost of our borrowings. Changes in interest rates have affected, and may continue to affect, our net interest income from loans and other investments. Interest rate fluctuations resulting in our interest and related expense exceeding interest and related income would result in operating losses for us. For further discussion of the potential impacts of changes in interest rates, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk — Interest Rate Risk” in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Summary of Results of Operations and Financial Condition
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023
Net Interest Income
The following table presents the components of interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement Data: | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | Q1’24 vs Q4’23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | (unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | 51,965 | $ | 59,377 | $ | (7,412) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 2,090 | 2,126 | (36) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income | $ | 54,055 | $ | 61,503 | $ | (7,448) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | $ | 20,728 | $ | 21,963 | $ | (1,235) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | 18,115 | 18,622 | (507) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-specific financings | — | 478 | (478) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | 2,689 | 3,108 | (419) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense | 41,532 | 44,171 | (2,639) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 12,523 | $ | 17,332 | $ | (4,809) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The majority of our interest-earning assets and liabilities have floating rates based on an index (e.g., one-month SOFR) plus a credit spread. As a result, our asset yields and cost of funds are impacted by changes in benchmark market short-term interest rates and credit spreads on investments and borrowings, as well as changes in the mix of our investment portfolio credit spreads due to new originations, loan amendments, additional fundings, upsizings, repayments and when certain loans are placed on nonaccrual status.
Interest Income
Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased to $54.1 million from $61.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, mainly due to a higher average balance of nonaccrual loans and a lower average balance of our interest-earning assets due to loan repayments.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased to $41.5 million from $44.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, mainly due to a lower average balance of our interest-bearing liabilities.
Provision for Credit Losses
The following table presents the components of (provision for) benefit from credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Provision for) benefit from credit losses on: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | (75,484) | $ | (22,687) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | (68) | 1,115 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total (provision for) benefit from credit losses | $ | (75,552) | $ | (21,572) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded a provision for credit losses of $(75.6) million as compared to $(21.6) million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. The increase in the provision for credit losses was primarily driven by recording an increase in the allowance for credit losses for certain collateral-dependent loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024, that were individually assessed in accordance with ASU 2016-13, and a provision for credit losses in the general reserve due to the ongoing challenges in the commercial real estate market and pressure on property values, and other loan specific assumptions employed in estimating the general CECL reserve.
Revenue from REO Operations
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded revenue from REO operations of $1.1 million as compared to $1.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. The revenue from REO operations remained relatively stable.
Expenses
The following table presents the components of expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits | $ | 5,987 | $ | 4,546 | |||||||||||||||||||
Servicing expenses | 1,376 | 1,284 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses from real estate owned operations | 2,045 | 2,080 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses | 2,829 | 2,480 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 12,237 | $ | 10,390 | |||||||||||||||||||
Annualized total operating expense ratio, excluding expenses from real estate owned operations | 4.8 | % | 3.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Annualized core operating expense ratio (excluding non-cash equity compensation and expenses from real estate owned operations) | 3.8 | % | 3.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
We incur compensation and benefits expenses, servicing expenses related to the servicing of commercial real estate loans, expenses from REO operations, and other operating expenses. Compensation and benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased primarily due to higher non-cash equity compensation awards as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023. Servicing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased modestly primarily due to CLO servicing fees and special servicing fees related to select loans as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023.
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Expenses from real estate owned operations remained relatively stable for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior quarter. Other operating expenses increased as compared to the prior quarter mainly due to higher legal fees. Our operating expense ratio, excluding REO, increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023 mainly due to higher non-cash equity compensation and lower average equity mainly driven by the increase in the allowance for credit losses.
Our GAAP net (loss) attributable to common stockholders was $(77.7) million (or $(1.53) per basic weighted average share) for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to GAAP net (loss) attributable to common stockholders of $(13.5) million (or $(0.33) per basic weighted average share) for the three months ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in GAAP results was primarily due to provision for credit losses of $(75.6) million and net interest income of $12.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a provision for credit losses of $(21.6) million and net interest income of $17.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2023.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023
Net Interest Income
The following table presents the components of interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023:
| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement Data: | March 31, 2024 | March 31, 2023 | Q1’24 vs Q1’23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | 51,965 | $ | 65,291 | $ | (13,326) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 2,090 | 1,428 | 662 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income | $ | 54,055 | $ | 66,719 | $ | (12,664) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | $ | 20,728 | $ | 19,772 | $ | 956 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | 18,115 | 18,051 | 64 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible senior notes | — | 2,311 | (2,311) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-specific financings | — | 743 | (743) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit facility | 2,689 | 2,929 | (240) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense | $ | 41,532 | $ | 43,806 | $ | (2,274) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 12,523 | $ | 22,913 | $ | (10,390) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The majority of our interest-earning assets and liabilities have floating rates based on an index (e.g., one-month SOFR) plus a credit spread. As a result, our asset yields and cost of funds are impacted by changes in benchmark market interest rates and credit spreads on investments and borrowings, as well as changes in the mix of our investment portfolio credit spreads due to new originations, loan amendments, additional fundings, upsizings and repayments.
Interest Income
Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased to $54.1 million from $66.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, mainly due to a higher average balance of nonaccrual loans and a lower average balance of our interest-earning assets due to loan prepayments, partially offset by an increase in short-term interest rates.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased to $41.5 million from $43.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, mainly due to lower average balance on portfolio level financing and corporate borrowings, partially offset by an increase in short-term interest rates.
Provision for Credit Losses
The following table presents the components of (provision for) benefit from credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Provision for) benefit from credit losses on: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | (75,484) | $ | (46,116) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | (68) | (294) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total (provision for) benefit from credit losses | $ | (75,552) | $ | (46,410) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded a provision for credit losses of $(75.6) million as compared to $(46.4) million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in the provision for credit losses was primarily
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driven by recording an increase in the allowance for certain collateral-dependent loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024, that were individually assessed in accordance with ASU 2016-13.
Revenue from REO Operations
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded revenue from REO operations of $1.1 million. No revenue from REO operations was generated during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Expenses
The following table presents the components of expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits | $ | 5,987 | $ | 5,912 | |||||||||||||||||||
Servicing expenses | 1,376 | 1,378 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses from real estate owned operations | 2,045 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other operating expenses | 2,829 | 3,271 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 12,237 | $ | 10,561 | |||||||||||||||||||
Annualized total operating expense ratio, excluding expenses from real estate owned operations | 4.8 | % | 4.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Annualized core operating expense ratio (excluding non-cash equity compensation and expenses from real estate owned operations) | 3.8 | % | 3.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
We incur compensation and benefits expenses, servicing expenses related to the servicing of commercial real estate loans, expenses from REO operations and other operating expenses. Compensation and benefits and servicing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, were relatively stable as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Expenses from real estate owned operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased due to the acquisition of REO in 2023. Other operating expenses decreased as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, mainly due to lower legal and advisory expenses. Our operating expense ratio, excluding REO, increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, mainly due to lower average equity mainly driven by higher CECL reserves.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capitalization
To date we have capitalized our business primarily through the issuance and sale of shares of our common and preferred stock, borrowings under our senior secured term loan facilities, secured financing facilities, issuance of CRE CLOs and the issuance and sale of convertible notes. As of March 31, 2024, our capitalization included $1.9 billion of loan-level financing. Our loan-level financing as of March 31, 2024, is generally term-matched or matures in 2024 or later, and includes $0.8 billion of secured repurchase agreements, $1.0 billion of CRE CLO securitizations, which are term-matched to the underlying assets, non-recourse and non-mark-to-market, and a $84.0 million secured credit facility.
See Note 5 – Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations, Note 6 – Secured Financing Agreements and Note 7 – Convertible Senior Notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional details regarding our securitized debt obligations, our secured financing facilities, and our convertible senior notes, respectively.
Leverage
From December 31, 2023, to March 31, 2024, our debt-to-equity ratio, defined as total debt, net of cash, divided by total equity, increased from 2.1:1.0 to 2.3:1.0, mainly driven by a reduction in total equity, partially offset by a reduction in total outstanding debt. As part of our investment strategy, we plan to finance our target assets with a moderate amount of leverage, the level of which may vary based upon the particular characteristics of our portfolio and market conditions. To that end, subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT and our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act, we intend to use borrowings to fund the origination or acquisition of our target investments. Given our focus on senior floating-rate mortgage loans, we currently expect that such leverage will be, on a total debt-to-equity ratio basis, within a range of 3.0:1.0 and 3.5:1.0; however, our leverage may vary and differ from our expectations depending on market conditions and any steps we may take to strengthen our balance sheet and enhance our liquidity position. The amount of leverage we deploy for our target investments depends upon our assessment of a variety of factors, which may include the anticipated liquidity and any changes in value of the investments in our portfolio, the potential for losses in our portfolio, the gap between the maturities of our assets and liabilities, the availability and cost of financing our investments, our opinion of the creditworthiness of our financing counterparties, the health of the U.S. economy and commercial real estate financing markets, our outlook for the level and
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volatility of interest rates, the slope of the yield curve, the credit quality of our investments, the collateral underlying our investments and our outlook for investment credit spreads relative to SOFR.
Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of liquidity include cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, any approved but unused borrowing capacity under our financing facilities, the net proceeds of future public and private equity and debt offerings, payments of principal, including loan repayments and prepayments, loan sales, interest we receive on our portfolio of assets and cash generated from our operating results.
The following table sets forth our immediately available sources of liquidity as of March 31, 2024:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 155,216 | ||||||
| Approved but unused borrowing capacity on financing facilities | — | |||||||
| Total | $ | 155,216 | ||||||
We have access to liquidity through public offerings of debt and equity securities, subject to market conditions. To facilitate such offerings, in August 2021, we filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC that is effective for a term of three years and expires in August 2024. The amount of securities to be issued pursuant to this shelf registration statement was not specified when it was filed and there is no specific dollar limit on the amount of securities we may issue. The securities covered by this registration statement include: (i) common stock, (ii) preferred stock, (iii) depositary shares representing preferred stock and (iv) debt securities. The specifics of any future offerings, along with the use of proceeds of any securities offered, will be described in detail in a prospectus supplement, or other offering materials, at the time of any offering.
We may also access liquidity through our at-the-market stock offering program, pursuant to which we may sell, from time to time, up to 4,757,636 additional shares of our common stock as of March 31, 2024. See Note 12 – Stockholders’ Equity, to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further detail.
Although we generally intend to hold our target investments as long-term investments, we have opportunistically sold, and may again in the future sell, certain of our assets in order to manage our liquidity needs, to meet other operating objectives and to adapt to market conditions. We cannot predict the timing and impact of future sales of our assets, if any. Since many of our assets are financed with secured financing facilities and/or CRE CLOs, a significant portion of the proceeds from sales of our assets, prepayments and scheduled amortization would be used to repay balances under these financing arrangements.
We remain focused on actively managing our balance sheet and enhancing our liquidity position to best position us for the market environment, satisfy our loan future funding and financing obligations and to make new investments, which we expect will cause us to take, and in some instances has already caused us to take, some or all of the following actions: raise capital from offerings of equity and/or debt securities, on a public or private basis; borrow additional capital; post additional collateral; sell assets; and/or change our dividend policy, which we will continue to evaluate in respect of future quarters based upon customary considerations, including market conditions and distribution requirements to maintain our REIT status. At any given time and from time to time we may be evaluating or pursuing one or more transactions, including, but not limited to, loan sales, capital markets activities and other sources of funding, to improve our liquidity or to refinance our debt or may otherwise seek transactions to reduce our interest expense or leverage and extend our debt maturities, which transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors, could result in actual losses and/or otherwise negatively impact our results of operations in one or more periods.
Liquidity Needs
In addition to our loan origination activities and general operating expenses, our primary liquidity needs include interest and principal payments under our $1.9 billion of outstanding borrowings under our repurchase facilities, CRE CLOs, and secured credit facility; $134.4 million of unfunded loan commitments; and dividend distributions to our preferred and common stockholders.
Financing Availability
We are subject to the availability and cost of financing to successfully execute on our business strategy and generate attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. Much of our financing is in the form of repurchase facilities or other types of credit facilities provided to us by our lender counterparties. We mitigate this counterparty risk by seeking to diversify our lending partners, focusing on establishing borrowing relationships with strong counterparties and continuously monitoring them through a thoughtful approach to counterparty risk oversight. Additionally, as part of our broader risk management strategy, and to the extent available in the market, we finance our business through other means which may include, but not be limited to, CRE CLOs, note sales and the issuance of unsecured debt and equity instruments. We continue to actively explore additional types of funding facilities in order to further diversify our financing sources. Investor concerns over inflation trends, high interest rates, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty have resulted in significant disruptions in financial markets and uncertainty about the overall macroeconomic and capital markets outlook. These conditions have negatively impacted, and
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may continue to negatively impact, real estate fundamentals and real estate capital markets, which could make it more difficult for us to obtain or maintain financing.
The following table provides the maturities of the collateral underlying our repurchase facilities, secured credit facility, and securitized debt obligations, as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023:
| (in thousands) | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||
| Within one year | $ | 1,043,617 | $ | 988,716 | |||||||
| One to three years | 873,496 | 962,424 | |||||||||
| Three to five years | — | — | |||||||||
| Five years and over | — | — | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,917,113 | $ | 1,951,140 | |||||||
Cash Flows
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, our restricted and unrestricted cash and cash equivalents balance decreased approximately $31.2 million, to $168.0 million. The cash movements can be summarized by the following:
•Cash flows from operating activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, operating activities increased our cash balances by approximately $1.7 million, primarily driven by net income after removing non-cash provision, and equity compensation.
•Cash flows from investing activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, investing activities increased our cash balances by approximately $17.1 million, primarily driven by repayments of loans held-for-investment.
•Cash flows from financing activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, financing activities decreased our cash balances by approximately $49.9 million, primarily driven by principal payments on repurchase agreements and dividends on common and preferred stock, partially offset by proceeds from repurchase agreements.
Dividends
We generally intend to distribute substantially all of our taxable income each year (which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP) to our stockholders to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code. In addition, our dividend policy remains subject to revision at the discretion of our board of directors. All distributions will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, our actual results of operations and liquidity. These results, and our ability to pay distributions, will be affected by various factors, including our taxable income, our financial condition, our maintenance of REIT status, restrictions related to our financing facilities, applicable law and other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.
Inflation
Nearly all of our assets and liabilities are interest rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and other factors typically influence our performance more than inflation does. However, changes in interest rates may correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. In response to the inflationary pressures, over the last couple of years the Federal Reserve has significantly increased its federal funds rate target range. Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and our distributions will be determined by our board of directors consistent with our obligation to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income on an annual basis in order to maintain our REIT qualification; in each case, our activities and balance sheet are measured with reference to historical cost and/or fair market value without considering inflation.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We seek to manage our risks related to the credit quality of our investments, interest rates, liquidity and market value while, at the same time, seeking to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. While we are exposed to certain types of market risk in our business, we seek to actively manage them using our risk management infrastructure and philosophy centered around quantifying and measuring various market risks on a continuous basis. We seek to be fairly compensated through the returns we earn on our investments for taking those risks and focus on maintaining liquidity and capital levels consistent with the risks to which we are exposed. However, many of those risks have been magnified by the continuing economic disruption and capital markets volatility resulting from inflation, rising interest rates, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty.
Recent Market Conditions
Due to the macroeconomic challenges driven by inflation trends, high interest rates, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty, most of our borrowers, sponsors, their tenants, the properties serving as collateral for our loan investments and the economy as a whole have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected. See “Macroeconomic Environment” in Part I, Item 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion of current market conditions.
Credit Risk
We are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in connection with holding a portfolio of our target investments. The performance and value of our investments depend upon the sponsors’ ability to operate the properties that serve as our collateral so that they produce cash flows adequate to pay interest and principal due to us. We seek to manage credit risk by performing deep fundamental credit analysis of our potential investments, as well as seeking to originate or acquire assets of higher quality at appropriate rates of return given anticipated and unanticipated losses, by employing a comprehensive review and selection process and by proactively monitoring our investments. Credit risk is also addressed through our ongoing review, and our investment portfolio is monitored for variance from underwritten and expected results on a monthly basis, with more intense analysis and oversight done on a quarterly basis. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses, including as a result of inflation, rising interest rates, slowing economic growth and geopolitical uncertainty, could occur and could adversely impact our operating results.
We employ a long-term, fundamental value-oriented investment strategy and we aim to, on a loan-by-loan basis, construct an investment portfolio that is well-diversified across property types, geographies and sponsors.
We maintain an active dialogue and strong relationships with our borrowers as part of our overall asset management strategy to maximize the performance of our portfolio, including during periods of volatility. While we generally believe that the principal amount of our loans is typically sufficiently protected by the underlying collateral value, there is a risk that we will not realize the entire principal amount of certain of our loan investments.
Interest Rate Risk
Our primary strategy is to originate, invest in and manage a portfolio of senior floating-rate commercial mortgage loans. As a result, the composition of our investments in general is such that rising interest rates increase our net income, while declining interest rates will decrease our net income, subject to the impact of contractual interest rate floors. From time to time, we may originate or acquire fixed-rate investments, which may expose our operating results to the risks posed by fluctuations in interest rates, which we may choose to hedge, if we deem it prudent.
In response to inflationary pressures, the Federal Reserve raised benchmark overnight interest rates on multiple occasions in 2022 and 2023. These increases in interest rates have increased, and may continue to increase, our interest expense, which may not be fully offset by any increases in interest income. In addition, these higher benchmark interest rates have increased our borrowers’ interest payments, adversely affected commercial real estate property values and, for certain of our borrowers have contributed, and may continue to contribute, to loan non-performance, modifications, defaults, foreclosures and/or property sales, which could result in us realizing losses on our investments. Although the Federal Reserve has indicated that no further interest rate increases are expected in 2024, how long interest rates will remain at their current levels and the direction and extent of any future interest rate changes remain uncertain.
As of March 31, 2024, approximately 98.3% of our portfolio by principal balance earned a floating rate of interest. The remaining approximately 1.7% of our portfolio earned a fixed rate of interest. If interest rates were to decline, the value of these fixed-rate investments may increase, and if interest rates were to increase, the value of these fixed-rate investments may fall; however, the interest income generated by these investments would not be affected by fluctuations in market interest rates. The interest rates we pay under our current secured financing facilities and CRE CLOs are primarily floating rate, which generally, and with limited exceptions, are not subject to contractual interest rate floors. Accordingly, our interest expense generally increases as interest rates increase and decreases as interest rates decrease.
Our analysis of risks is based on our experience, estimates and assumptions. Actual economic conditions or our implementation of decisions may produce results that differ significantly from the estimates and assumptions used in our analyses.
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The information presented in the following interest rate sensitivity table projects the potential impact of sudden parallel changes in interest rates on our financial results and financial condition over the next 12 months, based on our interest sensitive financial instruments at March 31, 2024. All changes in value are measured as the change from our March 31, 2024, financial position. All projected changes in annualized net interest income are measured as the change from our projected annualized net interest income based off current performance returns. Actual results of changes in annualized net interest income may differ from the information presented in the sensitivity table below due to differences between the dates of actual interest rate resets in our loan investments and our floating rate interest-bearing liabilities, and the dates as of which the analysis was performed.
| Changes in Interest Rates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | -100 bps | -50 bps | +50 bps | +100 bps | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of financial position: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | $ | 806 | $ | 403 | $ | (403) | $ | (806) | |||||||||||||||
| Repurchase facilities | (351) | (175) | 175 | 351 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Securitized debt obligations | (414) | (207) | 207 | 414 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Secured financing facility | (35) | (18) | 18 | 35 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net assets | $ | 6 | $ | 3 | $ | (3) | $ | (6) | |||||||||||||||
| -100 bps | -50 bps | +50 bps | +100 bps | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in annualized net interest income: | $ | (514) | $ | (257) | $ | 257 | $ | 514 | |||||||||||||||
The interest rate sensitivity table quantifies the potential changes in annualized net interest income and portfolio value, should interest rates immediately change. The interest rate sensitivity table presents the estimated impact of interest rates instantaneously rising 50 and 100 basis points, and falling 50 and 100 basis points. The cash flows associated with the portfolio for each rate change are calculated based on assumptions with respect to interest rates and size of the portfolio. Assumptions made on the interest rate sensitive liabilities include anticipated interest rates, collateral requirements as a percentage of borrowings and amount and term of borrowing.
Certain assumptions have been made in connection with the calculation of the information set forth in the foregoing interest rate sensitivity table and, as such, there can be no assurance that assumed events will occur or that other events will not occur that would affect the outcomes. The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates at March 31, 2024. The analysis utilizes assumptions and estimates based on management’s judgment and experience. Furthermore, while we generally expect to retain such assets and the associated interest rate risk to maturity, future originations, acquisitions and sales of assets could materially change our interest rate risk profile.
The information set forth in the interest rate sensitivity table above and all related disclosures constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimated in the foregoing interest rate sensitivity table.
Market Value Risk
We intend to hold our target investments for the long-term and, as such, they are carried at an amortized cost on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. However, we may occasionally classify some of our investments as available-for-sale, or AFS. Investments classified as AFS are carried at their fair value, with changes in fair value recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity, rather than through earnings. The estimated fair value of such investments may fluctuate primarily due to changes in interest rates, overall market environment and liquidity and other factors. As market volatility increases or liquidity decreases, the market value of the investments may be adversely impacted. We do not intend to hold any of our investments for trading purposes.
Borrower Performance
In addition to the risks related to fluctuations in cash flows and investment values associated with movements in interest rates, there is also the risk of borrower non-performance on our floating-rate investments. If interest rates were to significantly rise, it is possible that the increased debt service costs may negatively impact operating cash flows on properties securing our commercial real estate loan investments, resulting in potential non-performance of our borrowers or, in severe cases, default. This risk is partially mitigated by various factors we consider during our rigorous underwriting and loan structuring process, which in certain cases include a requirement for our borrower to purchase an interest rate cap contract.
Capital Markets Risk
As a REIT, we are required to distribute a significant portion of our taxable income annually, which constrains our ability to accumulate significant operating cash flow and therefore requires us to utilize capital markets, both debt and equity, to finance our business. As a result, we are exposed to risks related to the equity capital markets and our related ability to raise capital through the issuance of our common stock or other equity instruments. We are also exposed to risks related to the debt capital
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markets, and our related ability to finance our business through borrowings under credit facilities or other debt instruments, such as securitizations or unsecured debt. We seek to mitigate these risks by monitoring the debt and equity capital markets to inform our decisions on the amount, timing and terms of capital we raise.
Various factors, such as rising interest rates, high inflation, supply chain disruptions, growing geopolitical tensions and increased volatility in public equity and fixed income markets have led to increased cost and decreased availability of capital, which may adversely impact the ability of commercial property owners to service their debt obligations and refinance their loans as they mature and/or our ability to access capital markets.
Real Estate Risk
Our business strategy focuses on commercial real estate related debt investments. As a result, we will be exposed to the risks generally associated with the commercial real estate market, including occupancy rates, capitalization rates, absorption rates and other macroeconomic factors beyond our control.
Additionally, commercial real estate debt investments may be affected by a number of factors, including international, national, regional and local economic and real estate conditions, changes in business trends of specific industry segments, property construction characteristics, demographic factors and changes to laws and regulations, including additional restrictions or requirements on the development of commercial real estate intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Any combination of these factors may affect the value of real estate collateral for investments within our investment portfolio and the potential proceeds available to a borrower to repay the underlying loans, which could cause us to suffer losses. We seek to manage these risks through our rigorous and fundamentally driven underwriting and investment management processes.
Liquidity Risk
Our liquidity risk is principally associated with our financing of longer-maturity investments with shorter-term borrowings, such as repurchase facilities. Should the value of our investments serving as collateral for our repurchase facilities significantly decrease, our lenders may exercise their margin call rights, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position. If we fail to resolve such margin calls when due, the lenders may exercise their rights under such repurchase facilities, including requiring payment by us of our aggregate outstanding financing obligations and/or taking ownership of the loans securing such obligations, potentially on an unfinanced basis, thereby reducing our available liquidity. Additionally, if one or more of our financing counterparties should choose not to provide ongoing funding, including with respect to future funding obligations on existing loans financed with such counterparties, our ability to finance our investments and related future funding obligations would possibly decline or exist at less advantageous terms.
Extension Risk
We manage our assets based on a variety of assumptions and estimates, including among others, assumptions regarding the rate at which the borrowers will prepay our loans or extend. If prepayment rates decrease in a rising interest rate environment or extension options are exercised, the life of our loan investments could extend beyond the term of the secured financing agreements. The current macroeconomic, commercial real estate and capital markets disruptions have resulted in, and will likely continue to result in, a decrease in prepayment rates and an increase in the number of our borrowers who exercise loan extension options. In addition, higher interest rates imposed by the Federal Reserve to address inflationary pressures have led to, and may continue to lead to, a decrease in prepayment speeds and an increase in the number of our borrowers who exercise loan extension options. This could have a negative impact on our results of operations. In some situations, we may be forced to sell assets to maintain adequate liquidity, which could cause us to incur losses.
As part of our overall asset management strategy, we have in the past entered into, and may in the future enter into, loan modifications with some of our borrowers. These amendments may include, among other things, modifying or waiving certain performance or extension conditions as part of the overall agreement, which are often coupled with additional equity or other forms of credit support from the sponsor. We work closely with our lending counterparties when negotiating and entering into loan modifications with our borrowers to ensure we maintain financing on modified assets. There can be no assurance that going forward we will be able to maintain financing on modified loans.
Risk Management
To the extent consistent with maintaining our REIT qualification, we seek to manage risk exposure by closely monitoring our portfolio and actively managing the financing, interest rate, credit and other risks associated with holding a portfolio of our target investments. Generally, we:
•manage our portfolio with focus on diligent, investment-specific market review, enforcement of loan and security rights and timely execution of disposition strategies;
•actively employ portfolio-wide and investment-specific risk measurement and management processes in our daily operations, including utilizing risk management tools; and
•seek to manage credit risk through our rigorous underwriting due diligence process prior to origination or acquisition of our target investments, and through the use of nonrecourse financing when and where available and appropriate.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
A review and evaluation was performed by our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, and Chief Financial Officer, or CFO, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures, as designed and implemented, were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Although our CEO and CFO have determined our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the reports we submit under the Exchange Act.
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time we may be involved in various legal claims and/or administrative proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. As of the date of this filing, we are not party to any litigation or other legal proceedings or, to the best of our knowledge, any threatened litigation or legal proceedings, which, in our opinion, individually or in the aggregate would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For information regarding factors that could affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted terminated
Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
A list of exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is set forth below.
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| Exhibit Number | Exhibit Index | |||||||
| 3.1 | ||||||||
| 3.2 | ||||||||
| 3.3 | ||||||||
| 3.4 | ||||||||
| 3.5 | ||||||||
| 4.1 | ||||||||
| 4.2 | ||||||||
| 4.3 | ||||||||
| 4.4 | ||||||||
| 31.1 | ||||||||
| 31.2 | ||||||||
| 32.1 | ||||||||
| 32.2 | ||||||||
| 101 | Financial statements from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. for the three months ended March 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 7, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. (filed herewith) | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). (filed herewith) | |||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| GRANITE POINT MORTGAGE TRUST INC. | |||||||||||
| Dated: | May 7, 2024 | By: | /s/ John A. Taylor | ||||||||
| John A. Taylor President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | |||||||||||
| Dated: | May 7, 2024 | By: | /s/ Marcin Urbaszek | ||||||||
| Marcin Urbaszek Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) | |||||||||||
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EXHIBIT 31.1
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, John A. Taylor, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | May 7, 2024 | /s/ John A. Taylor | ||||||||||||
| John A. Taylor | ||||||||||||||
| Chief Executive Officer and President | ||||||||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.2
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Marcin Urbaszek, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | May 7, 2024 | /s/ Marcin Urbaszek | ||||||||||||
| Marcin Urbaszek | ||||||||||||||
| Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||||||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, the undersigned officer of Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. (the “Registrant”) hereby certifies that the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2024 (the “Quarterly Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Quarterly Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.
| Date: | May 7, 2024 | /s/ John A. Taylor | ||||||||||||
| John A. Taylor | ||||||||||||||
| Chief Executive Officer and President | ||||||||||||||
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 and is not being filed as part of the Quarterly Report or as a separate disclosure document.
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, the undersigned officer of Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. (the “Registrant”) hereby certifies that the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2024 (the “Quarterly Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Quarterly Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.
| Date: | May 7, 2024 | /s/ Marcin Urbaszek | ||||||||||||
| Marcin Urbaszek | ||||||||||||||
| Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||||||||||||
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 and is not being filed as part of the Quarterly Report or as a separate disclosure document.