Thank you for standing by. My name is Christina, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the FINIA fourth quarter 2024 earnings call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star, followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, you can press star one again. Thank you. I would now like to turn the call over to Kellan Farris. Kellan, the floor is now yours.

Thank you. Good morning, everyone. We appreciate you joining us. Our conference call materials were issued this morning and are available on Phineo's Investor Relations website, including a slide deck that we will be referencing in our remarks. We're also broadcasting this call via webcast. Joining us today are Brady Erickson, CEO, and Chris Groth, CFO. During this call, we will make forward-looking statements which are based on management's current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from these statements due to a variety of factors, including those described in our SEC filings. With that, it is my pleasure to turn the call over to Brady.

Thank you, Kellyn, and thank you, everyone, for joining us this morning. I'll start with some overall comments on the fourth quarter and the full year 2024 highlights and then provide some thoughts on 2025 and beyond. Chris will then provide additional detail on our financials and discuss our 2025 guidance. We'll then open up the call for questions. Starting on slide four, the deck. During the fourth quarter, the macro environment and industry environment were similar to what we experienced in Q3 as the results reflect the soft top line but with good operating margin performance by the segments. Strong aftermarket segment sales were offset by lower fuel system sales as a result net sales in the quarter were 833 million down 5.6 percent from the same period of the prior year which included some contract manufacturing revenues encouragingly we are winning significant new business and i'm particularly pleased with our second product win in the aerospace and defense industry we reported adjusted EBITDA 110 million with a margin of 13.2 percent 160 basis point year-over-year decrease the positive benefits of supplier savings were more than offset by sales decreases higher annual incentive compensation and added infrastructure to support the business as a standalone entity total segment adjusted operating margins were 12.8 percent a 20 basis point improvement when compared with the fourth quarter 2023 our adjusted free cash flow was healthy at 72 million while the balance sheet remained strong with cash and cash equivalents of 484 million up from 365 million at year-end 2023 our total liquidity is approximately 1 billion dollars when considering our undrawn revolver this performance enabled us to return 35 million to shareholders via share buybacks and dividends during the fourth quarter. Let us now move to slide five and six for a discussion of new business wins. Our ongoing focus on providing market-leading technology and the continued expansion of our product offering into new verticals is being reflected in significant new business wins across product lines as well as new markets. Let me call out a few. Our second product win in the aerospace and defense industry with a post-combustion injector system, a key contract extension with a medium-duty engine manufacturer, a light vehicle GDI program extension for the South American market, our aftermarket segment one new business in Europe with subsidiaries of a major customer, one incremental business at a major customer in Europe, signed a multi-year contract to supply remanufactured products to a major CV OEM in South America, and developed new distributors to support business growth in Southeast Asia. Finally, building on our core, we introduced over 3,600 SKUs for aftermarket customers this year to expand our offering, improve our coverage, and ultimately better serve more of our customers' needs. Winning business across product lines and in all geographic regions underscores the benefits of the diversity of our end markets, customers, and global footprint. Now, moving to slide seven, we've added some more clarity by separating the light vehicle OE and market into light commercial vehicle OE, or LCV OE, which includes trucks and vans, and then also into light passenger vehicle OE, or LPV OE, which includes passenger cars, minivans, crossovers, and SUVs. Although LCV may have some product overlap with LPV, the usage, buying decisions, and market dynamics are different and closer to commercial vehicle. Our combined commercial vehicle markets total 39 percent of our revenues. OES and independent aftermarket was 34 percent and LPV OE was 27 percent. We also continue to maintain strong regional diversity and limited customer concentration levels. From a footprint perspective we've reduced one site in 2024 as we exited one of our former parent sites in europe moving next to slide eight for a summary of our 2024 performance and 25 objectives on the operations front we successfully exited all cmas and tsa's with their former parent launched innovative new products entered new markets won a significant amount of new business gained efficiencies, and drove supply chain improvements. With respect to our financial position, we've achieved working capital efficiencies and strengthened our balance sheet with two refinancings that lowered our rates, extended maturities, and removed restrictive covenants. Adjusted EBITDA margin closed the year 14.1%. Adjusted free cash flow was $253 million. And lastly, we return $256 million to our shareholders via dividends and share buybacks in the year. For 2025, we're focused on continuing our journey, being financially disciplined, focused on growing our aftermarket, commercial, and industrial OE business, and efficiently leveraging our human and manufacturing capital. Now moving on to slide nine. Really no change in direction here continue to be financially disciplined and focused on maximizing long-term shareholder value as evidence we exit 2024 with a net leverage of 1.2 times and plenty of liquidity after having returned 303 million to shareholders through the end of 2024. we are entering 2025 from a position of strength a position that we've earned through operational and commercial excellence financial discipline and with a strong free cash flow generating business as such we started 2025 by purchasing over 800 000 shares and announcing today that our board of directors approved an increase in our share repurchase program by another 200 million dollars and declare the quarterly dividend of 27 cents per share an increase of eight percent compared to the dividend paid in the same quarter last year. These actions reflect the board's confidence in the strong cash flow generation of our business and execution of our strategy. We believe successful execution of our strategy coupled with our disciplined capital allocation delivers a compelling investor proposition. A proposition that balances financial strength, disciplined investments to drive profitable growth, and distributing capital to shareholders. In closing, I would like to note how very proud I am of all of our associates across the company who have worked together this past year to deliver the solid results we've reported today. And with that, I'll hand it over to Chris, who will walk us through our Q4 results and discuss our outlook for the year.

Thanks, Brady, and thank you all for joining us this morning. I am pleased to report that during the fourth quarter, we continue to successfully execute and drive our business forward. I also want to thank our employees across the globe for their efforts in responding quickly and methodically to rapid changes in market conditions, ensuring we were able to report out the solid results we are discussing today. As a reminder, reconciliations of all non-GAAP financial measures that I will discuss can be found in today's press release and in the presentation, both of which are on our website. Moving to page 11 of the deck, revenue in the fourth quarter reflects similar market trends to earlier quarters in 2024, as we generated 833 million in sales, down 5.6% versus a year ago. Excluding contract manufacturing sales that ended earlier this year, the reduction in sales for Q4 was 2.9% year-over-year. Our aftermarket segment benefited from higher volume and pricing for a year-over-year increase of 4.9%, as volumes across all regions expanded. Fuel system segment sales, by contrast, were down 11.7%, including prior year contract manufacturing sales, or 7.7%, excluding the effect of contract manufacturing. The decline in fuel systems is attributable to lower commercial vehicle, or CV revenue in europe and china partially offset by growth in the americas adjusted operating income was 78 million with a 9.4 percent adjusted operating margin which represents a year-over-year decrease of 11 million and 100 basis points moving to page 13 adjusted ebitda was 110 million and a margin of 13.2 percent representing a year-over-year decrease of 17 million and 160 basis points margins benefited from favorable conditions in fuel systems however this was offset by higher corporate costs as we were still reliant upon tsa's through the first half of 2024 and full corporate staffing had not been completed by the end of 2023 We ended 2024 with a disappointing adjusted effective tax rate, or ETR, of 41.5%, above the high end of our guide of 33 to 37%. We have and will continue to pour substantial time and effort into adjusting our legacy structure, which should translate into market-level ETR. Our adjusted net earnings for diluted share in the fourth quarter was $0.71, which excludes non-comparable items which are described in the appendix of our presentation and affected by our high ETR as noted. From a core business performance standpoint, our segments reported solid overall margins. Q4 segment adjusted operating margin was healthy at 12.8%, an increase of 20 basis points year over year, primarily due to higher margins in fuel systems, partially offset by lower aftermarket margins. Aftermarket segment margin decreased 140 basis points, ending the quarter at 14.9%, due to increased freight and other charges, partially offset by volume increases. Q4 fuel system segment margins were strong at 11.4%, up 110 basis points, year-over-year due to favorable price, supplier savings, and customer cost recoveries offset by lower volumes. Let me now bridge our adjusted revenue and adjusted EBITDA for the full year, which you can find on pages 15 and 16 in the presentation. Our sales performance for the year was impacted by softness and volume, which was a headwind of $104 million on lower CV sales in Europe and lower sales in China, partially offset by growth in the Americas and higher aftermarket sales. We ended the year with adjusted sales of $3.38 billion, down 2%, with a decrease in fuel systems of 6.1 percent partially offset by an increase in aftermarket sales of 4.5 percent adjusted EBITDA for the year was 478 million or 14.1 percent with no degradation in margin despite the reduction in sales volume and mix on the change in sales was a normal 25 percent contribution margin pricing along with continued strong supplier savings and recoveries total 91 million which offset increases employee and other manufacturing costs of 48 million corporate costs as the function was fully built out in 2024 increased by 28 million along with increased R&D and other spending now for a quick recap of our balance sheet and cash flow Strengthening our balance sheet was an important initiative for us throughout the year. We completed two refinancings resulting in lower interest rates and extending out our debt maturities and amending our credit facility. As a result, we ended the year with substantial current liquidity with cash and cash equivalents and available capacity under our credit facilities of approximately $1 billion. Net cash from operations in Q4 was $73 million, and $308 million for the full year. During the quarter, we generated adjusted free cash flow of $72 million, up from $55 million in the same period of the prior year, as we continued to be disciplined in management of our working capital and drive optimization of resources and daily processes. increases. Adjusted free cash flow for the full year was $253 million. On the capital allocation front, we paid dividends of $11 million in the quarter and completed share repurchases totaling $24 million. Capital spend of $20 million was 2.4% of sales in the quarter and was 3.1% for the full year. Funds were primarily used for investments in new machinery and equipment and for new program launches. Now moving to slide 17 for a discussion of overall industry performance. We expect the industry to experience trends in 2025 that are similar to those in 2024. Light vehicle ice sales are expected to be down in the low single digit range globally. By contrast, we expect the industry to experience increased CV sales in the low to mid single digit range varying by region. On a consolidated basis, we would therefore expect a flat to a modest increase in sales, excluding the effects of year-over-year exchange rates. We expect the same level of sales in the first half of the year as the last half of 2024, with a modest increase in the last half as CV sales begin to rebound. Going into 2025, we also anticipate headwinds related to exchange rates with a backdrop of a stronger U.S. dollar. As a reminder, more than 60% of our sales are generated outside of the U.S. Based upon our expectations for overall industry performance and adjusted for a stronger U.S. dollar, The 2025 net sales range is expected to be between $3.23 billion and $3.43 billion, which includes a negative approximately $80 million impact from foreign exchange. Adjusted EBITDA is projected to be $450 million to $490 million, with an EBITDA margin of 13.7% to 14.5%. Overall, we expect solid earnings and cash generation in 2025 as we continue to drive operational efficiencies and search for new areas of growth for both segments. Note that none of the projections in our outlook include any possible ramifications related to policy changes by the new U.S. administration. This includes tariffs, tax reform, or any other policy that could inflate or deflate revenue or affect our cost base although we will continue to monitor and have and will continue to develop plans as appropriate with no additional cost expected to be borne by finia in closing the strategic actions that we have undertaken are expected to continue and drive meaningful cash flow generation and solid sustainable growth our strong balance sheet provides us with financial flexibilities to support our current and future growth initiatives, and we are very focused on creating value for our shareholders, customers, and employees. I want to thank you all for your attention today, and we will now move to the Q&A portion of our call. Operators, could you please

open the lines for questions? Thank you, and as a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. Again, if you do have a question at this time, please press star 1, and we'll pause for a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Thank you. Your first question comes from the line of Bobby Brooks from Northland Capital Markets. Your line is open. Hey, good morning,

guys. Thank you for taking my question. So first thing I wanted to ask, you guys did $105 million of CAPEX in the quarter. Mentioned it was mostly for investments in new machinery for new program launches. Could you just give us a bit more color on that? What programs are they associated with? And could we expect these new machines maybe help lift margins going forward?

Yeah, I think, one, just to clarify, the $105 million was for the year, not for the quarter. I think the quarter was about $20 million. I think full year came in and just over 3%. And, again, it's really spread out around the world. There's really not one major program. I think the team did a nice job, you know, cutting back on some of the capex and being as efficient as possible. But these are all going to primarily be supporting new launches that are coming in the coming year as well. So most of it is going to be for new product launches and expansion.

There's a material amount of expansion going on related to CV for the upcoming pre-buys. And so it's also for existing programs that are being improved, it's like the next generation. And it's also expansion of that capacity over the next couple of years.

So, yeah, my mistake on that. But so then, you know, kind of transition to you guys had you guys mentioned the second win within the aerospace and defense market. So I was just wondering, is this is this a completely new customer from the first one? Also, I was just wondering, are these products going to come off that same line that you've previously mentioned was upfitted to serve the aerospace and defense markets?

Right now, it's the same. It's the same customer, and it will be kind of in that same facility using those same type of equipment. I think the one thing of note is just to remind folks, we're actually on pace to getting our quality certification, our aerospace quality certification here end of Q1, early Q2. in support of our first uh sop uh in that aerospace in q4 of this year that's great

and then just like kind of following up on this i know you've talked about it previously but i think it would be good to just to give a reminder to the market just stepping back a bit is like why do you guys why was like aerospace and defense kind of one of the end markets that you guys really kind of honed in on and like hey let's let's diversify our revenues to getting into that and maybe just discuss like why you've won these first two projects or programs and why you think you can continue to win new programs in aerospace and defense going forward. Again we were looking

for opportunities that can leverage our existing core competencies and our both our human capital and our manufacturing capital and so these are opportunities that's leveraging you know precision fuel management and controls and aerospace and off highway and industrial and marine are all those opportunities that's leveraging our core competencies and capabilities so that's kind of one of the reasons why we were looking to expand into those new markets and we see those as you know a long-term profitable uh you know steady steady opportunity for us i think why we're winning i think is as they came in and some of the aerospace companies came in and looked at some of our capabilities they they were absolutely kind of blown away that we're holding tolerances that plus or minus half a micron uh in in high volume the inspection capabilities that we have for some of our products uh in and it's been you know very very positive i'm i'm expecting you know a lot more we have a lot more rfqs coming through now i think getting our quality certification here into q1 and that will be is really going to open up a lot more doors for us and again similar uh You know, the aerospace side, they've got a fragmented supply base that has had challenges. You know, they've had volume challenges and quality issues for a lot of years. And they see us, again, as a stable, reliable supplier that has great capabilities, a global footprint to support them. And in many ways, we have the manufacturing and design and validation capabilities they're looking for.

It allows us also to use existing capital. And because the volume profiles are very different, if you're talking about a past car or even CV, the volumes are much higher. Then you take that same capital and dedicate it to an aerospace, much smaller volume base. You're able to produce it on the same capital, but much higher revenue on the overall. So it's very complimentary, and it helps us utilize that capital that's already sitting on the production floor.

Fair enough. Fair enough. Yeah, that's a great overview of that. I appreciate it. And then I'll turn back to the queue and let some other guys jump on. Thank you, guys, and congrats on the good quarter.

Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Jake Scholl from BNP Paribus Asset Management. Your line is open.

Hi, guys. Congrats on strong finish to the year. So I just wanted to dig in a little more on taxes. If you can help me understand just why the tax rate remains so high in 2025, if my math is right, it looks like about a $35 million headwind versus the targeted long-term tax rate of 27 percent. And is there any impact from the global minimum tax in here?

Hi, Jake. I'll take that one. Yeah, it was pretty disappointing. I mean, we've worked on it. you would think that we hadn't done anything, but actually my team has worked quite hard on it. We finished phase one, and it was trying to eliminate some of the inefficiencies out there that exist in the overall structure, but it's going to take us longer, and we're now finishing phase one. We had a little bit of a carryover from the old structure that existed in 23 as the local units settle overseas their taxes locally. It ended up with a little bit more of a carryover than we expected. That cleans out. We're not showing a major reduction next year. I'm trying to be very conservative and give my guys some space, but now we start phase two and sort of concurrently at phase three. This is going to be a long-term project because we have two particular regular regions and areas that are very difficult structurally, and it's taking a lot of heavy lifting. So, we're going to work through it. It's just not a short-term thing you can do overnight.

Thanks, Chris. And could you guys also just give us a little bit of color on your expectations

by segment? Thank you. Yeah, I mean, I think from an overall segment standpoint, if you've from the overall market you know we still see softness in light vehicle and maybe a little bit of global upside on cv but primarily second half of the year um so i think fs is is gonna our fuel system segment is going to continue to have you know volume and revenue pressures and we see that being being more than offset you know with our with our aftermarket segment um and and so we see our aftermarket continuing to kind of chunk away uh and and progress and i think this will be another year of a tough oe market um with uh kind of as chris mentioned the second half of of 24 were soft we expect that continuing to be soft on the oe side through at least the first half with some recovery in the second half primarily driven from uh from the commercial vehicle side with that said i mean the you know our aftermarket folks are are excited when the oe side is down because they know that gives them additional opportunity and that's what we've kind of seen even last year the oe is down our aftermarket kind of kind of offsets a good chunk of that so and that's one of the you know things that we continue to highlight to folks is that is that nice balance between and the large size of our aftermarket business gives us a lot of cushion even when the OE market is down and volatile. And from a quality of earnings perspective,

if you look, FS, despite the reduction in sales, actually held up higher quality earnings. And we also improved on the aftermarket side for the full year if you look at the quality of earnings for each. So all in all, even with the soft top line, the bottom line held up quite well. And the units that are really good job managing.

It's very helpful. And congrats to you on a great first full year as an independent company.

Your next question comes from the line of Joseph Back from UBS. Your line is open.

Hey, this is Gabon for Joe. Thanks for taking my questions. So I saw that you raised the dividend this quarter alongside an increase in the buyback program. So that's encouraging. But there's still some excess cash on the balance sheet. I know you'll probably remain balanced in how you allocate capital going forward, but you've talked about wanting to grow CV and aftermarket inorganically. So as you look at potential M&A, how should we think about the potential opportunities you're sizing up in the market?

Yeah, cash, it's always, it's hard to say cash coming in higher is a bad thing, but yeah, it's probably higher than our target level, which is why we've primarily increased some of the buybacks. From an acquisition standpoint, as we've communicated, we're going to continue to be financially disciplined. We're looking for specific assets that are going to expand our commercial vehicle, industrial, and aftermarket exposures, but we're also going to be disciplined in ensuring that they're companies that are profitable, making money, going to add EPS to our bottom line and have valuations that are at or below our current valuation that we have as a company uh we feel that you know we're still undervalued but and that's why uh we continue to buy back our shares um as we find assets and i think we're we're getting more confidence that i think we're there may be some good opportunities that meet that criteria uh that hopefully we'll be able to uh to close on those deals and announce some deals in the next few quarters

Okay, that's some helpful color. And then my follow-up is just on offsetting the tougher industry outlook with GDI. I think you mentioned in the past about half of the combustion market is GDI, and that you have 15 share in that market. um what what's the current level of penetration in the market today how is your position strengthened over the past year and as we move from 350 bar to more efficient 500 bar what sort

of content uplift comes with that thanks guys yeah i mean gdi uh global penetration rates you know we're still in the 60 65 range we think that's kind of a it's kind of a steady number right now may increase a bit but not a whole lot from a market share perspective on gdi we're still in the mid-teens uh and have continued to to kind of gain market share i think um we'll see some more launches especially on the 500 bar we've won a number of new programs that'll be launching uh in in the coming year or then next year and we think that will allow us to support our continued you know, market share gains because it adds a lot of value to our customers. Now, from a content increase, it's not a whole lot. And that's one of the advantages of why we're winning market share is because the product itself, it's a drop-in replacement to the 350 bar. Just a few changes are needed in order to get that additional performance. And so, there's a little bit of a content increase for us, but the value it's providing for the customer is really good, which is why we're picking up some of the market share. Appreciate it, Brady. Congrats.

Thank you. And once again, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad at this time. Your next question comes from the line of David Silver from CL King and Associates. Your line is open. Yeah. Hi. Thank you. I just had a question maybe

about your overall guidance for the coming year. And I know there's a number of assumptions and judgments you have to make. Maybe if you could, if you wouldn't mind, you know, where do you think, you know if you were to fall a little short where might the the most likely source of that weakness be and alternatively if you were to exceed let's say on the top line you know is it greater gdi adoption which you just discussed or but you know where do you think there might be you know upside uh to your uh overall forecast thanks yeah i mean from a uh from a guide

standpoint one of the big assumptions is commercial vehicle rebounding and coming in stronger in the second half uh if that doesn't occur that's probably the biggest biggest concern that we have as far as uh on the downside um on the on the upside it's kind of if it comes in even stronger and if the global markets on the light vehicle side continue to kind of solidify and aren't affected by, you know, a lot of the trade wars that are going on. So I think if interest rates kind of come down a little bit, you know, inflation stays down and some of the global markets start picking up, you know, I think that's going to be some of the upside because the current forecast still has light vehicle OE down on a year-over-year basis in total, which means light vehicle OE combustion volume is down even more and and so if uh if people continue to to buy more hybrids and and combustion and there's weakness on the ev adoption in the year that's a little bit of upside as well uh and i still think there's always you know potential upside in our aftermarket business they always seem to be you know chasing new opportunities that can that can materialize relatively quickly in our numbers this year i think on the oe side it's not going to be adoption or anything else it's going to be you know the market's coming in stronger than we expected and then as Chris kind of highlighted you know because we because of the translational effect of all of our business that we have abroad you know a weakening of the U.S. dollar is going to going to translate you know over to our numbers in a very positive way and right now the current forecast has that as a headwind of 80 million basically at the exchange rates that we've noted in the deck. That's kind of where they are right now. If the dollar gets weaker versus global

currencies, that'll give us some upside as well. The other item, I mean, chaos in the market is never good for the end consumer. They get squirrely and don't necessarily want to go out and buy. Now, the flip side to that is if they drop the incentives for EVs, I don't think that's built into Outlook numbers? Could that help GDI and PASCAR? Possibly. The big CV players are signaling, they're doing mixed signals in terms of, do they think the pre-bu is coming? The numbers out, the pre-numbers out there are looking pretty good, but I think they're still being a little careful on this. Most of them don't see any changes in regulations as a negative because they've built in this next generation, which is actually, it has efficiency. So, they think that that's going to actually help sales pushing those out there, and it's going to be more attractive to the end users. I mean, all of this is predicated on the market isn't a little bit of

worry, so that's never helpful. That's a great answer. Thank you. A lot of color there. Thank you. And I think I may be overlapping with this, but I did want to ask you a tariff-related question and you could probably talk about it for a couple hours, but, you know, I guess I would just say, you know, ask you amongst some of your key customers, what is their thinking about, you know, this current phase where they're in? Could this, I mean, I view the last year or two as a period of slowdown in timelines and slowdown in decision-making on moving forward with different programs. Does the tariff overhang, you know, push out that decision making or stretch out the timelines further? Just what do you hear from your major customers, you know, in the current

environment there? I mean, I think a lot of them were already in the plan of regionalizing more and more of the supply base, you know, becoming less reliant on China for the North American production numbers and i think that's still there i think obviously the the uh the blow up potentially of the usmca and the tariffs with canada and mexico i think is a bit of a shock i think for a lot of folks and the hope is that you know we'll work through that in a in a rational way uh and kind of move forward um biggest risk there obviously is it's gonna uh you know it can't be absorbed by the suppliers and it's it's probably going to be difficult to be 100 absorbed by the oems so it's going to have an effect on the consumers which then obviously is going to have an effect on on volumes and so that's probably the best thing that we can prepare for i know there's a couple of public announcements out there can you move you know shift some production if you have plants in both in both mexico and north america can you move a little bit maybe a little bit but it's not going to be in in my view substantial enough to um you know offset the tremendous amount of cost increases that would come from the the currently proposed 25 percent

tariffs plus it's not a short-term thing that you can do right it's going to take a while now from a china point of view we have very little exposure on the china uh tariffs at all And what we do, it's only a couple of million dollars in revenue total. And 80% of that is aftermarket, which means that we can immediately push through a price increase. Of course, again, that hurts the end customer. Or we can try to resource, which, again, would have cost involved in it that we would push through. But it's a minimal exposure from the China side, for sure.

Thanks for all the detail. I appreciate it.

Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Bobby Brooks from Northland Capital

Markets. Your line is open. Hey guys, just wanted to jump back on and ask one more question. So the PR mentioned some nice wins for the commercial vehicle market, and I was just hoping if we could get a bit more granular on that, but specifically I was wondering were any of these commercial vehicle wins for were they really more on highway stuff or was any of it like off highway because I know expanding the off highways is kind of a key for you guys going forward. Yeah I mean a lot of

those were on highway both medium duty and some off highway as well. I mean the one that we highlighted there I think was a off highway application for the contract extension. That's

all for me. I'll turn back to the queue. Thanks. Okay. Thank you. Your next question comes from

the line of Drew Estes from Banyan Capital Management. Your line is open. Hey, Brady and

Chris. Thanks for taking the question. Just to follow up on taxes, you said that you called out two regions that are structurally difficult to fix. Can you elaborate? Does that mean that you You need to adjust the manufacturing footprint, or what exactly is required?

It's holding company structures that are difficult, so really it's not a whole lot of manufacturing. The issue is that once you start getting into it, it can be quite expensive to back out of them. But we're going back. I mean, we've got highly paid, very expensive people looking at trying to break it down, and we're literally examining now trying to get my tax people into a payback on if I break this down and pull it out, what are the short-term implications compared to the longer-term

implications? Yeah, primary legal structure. I mean, again, when we got spun, we got spun with the structure that made sense for the total, but it didn't make sense for us. And so that's what we're having to try to look to unwind in areas that made sense for kind of primarily the prior Delphi organization. Correct. Doesn't make sense for the makeup of our operational footprint. And so to highlight Chris, it's not moving plants. It's more just moving from the legal entities, shutting them down, removing, you know, IP to the more appropriate locations. That makes sense for us. And so right now a lot of what we're doing is we're continuing to generate NOLs in countries that we can't take advantage while we continue to pay taxes and other areas that we're making money. And so we've got to get to a point that it starts bouncing out and that's going to require some kind of heavy lifting to shut down some of those entities and kind of move some of the IP

and kind of the flow of financials. Okay, that's very helpful. Thank you. And just a second, And you spoke about CapEx and how most of it was attributable to the new programs. Just curious, if you didn't have the new programs and it was just the legacy business and we assume kind of steady state unit volume, what do you think CapEx would be roughly? And that's it.

Yeah, I mean, in general, we expect that to be right around, I guess, our current blend with some of those new program launches is at 4%. If we're not launching any new programs, it's probably going to be in the 1% range as far as maintaining the equipment and maintenance and facilities. Now just to kind of remember and highlight, most of our programs are always kind of refreshing every two to four years. They're going to need some type of upgrade, they want some improvement, it requires some new supplier tooling, some adjustment to our capital equipment. And so, if you're not spending some of that money, you're going to see revenue declining. So, I don't think it's possible for you not to spend CapEx and maintain revenue, because they're always going to need some type of improvement and or upgrade on those vehicle

programs. Okay. That's very helpful. Thanks. And once again, if you'd like to ask a question, please press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. Thank you. And with no further questions, I'd like to turn the call back over to Brady Erickson.

Thank you very much. Again, really proud of all of our employees on a grateful calendar year as a standalone company. We'll continue to stay focused on adapting to this dynamic market as well as continuing to make good financially disciplined decisions to maximize shareholder value. Appreciate all your support and all your questions. Have a great day.

Thank you, and this does conclude today's conference call. You may now disconnect. Have a great day.