EPAM Systems, Inc 10-Q for FY2023 Q3
EPAM Systems, Inc. (EPAM)
10-Q
2023-11-03
For: 2023-09-30
View Original
Added on
April 08, 2026
About this 10-Q
EPAM Systems, Inc filed this 10-Q on November 3, 2023, covering the quarter ended September 30, 2023 (FY2023 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended September 30, 2023, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $1.15B
- down 6.1% from $1.23B a year earlier
- Net income
- $97.2M
- down 37.7% from net income of $156.05M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $1.65
- down 37.3% from $2.63 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from ________to________
Commission file number: 001-35418
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) | ||||||||||
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol | Name of Each Exchange on which Registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
| Title of Each Class | Outstanding as of October 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | ||||||||
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |||||
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except par value)
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Trade receivables and contract assets, net of allowance of $ | |||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||
| Prepaid and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | |||||||||||
| Other noncurrent assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits expenses | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Income taxes payable, current | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, current | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent | |||||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) | |||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Retained earnings | |||||||||||
| Treasury stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total EPAM Systems, Inc. stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries | |||||||||||
| Total equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of business | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange gain/(loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shares used in calculation of net income per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss)/income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in unrealized loss on hedging instruments, net of tax | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss)/income | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income | Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock from employee stock purchase plan | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions to consolidated subsidiary from noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, June 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | — | — | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income | Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock from employee stock purchase plan | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, June 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity withheld for employee taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock issued in connection with Other 2021 acquisitions | — | — | ( | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets amortization expense | |||||||||||
| Bad debt expense | |||||||||||
| Deferred taxes | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||
| Unrealized (gain)/loss on derivative instruments | ( | ||||||||||
| Impairment charges | |||||||||||
| Loss on sale of business | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Trade receivables and contract assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Prepaid and other assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Income taxes payable | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Purchases of short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from short-term investments | |||||||||||
| Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired (Note 3) | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash sold as part of sale of business, net of proceeds | ( | ||||||||||
| Purchases of non-marketable securities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other investing activities, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of stock under the employee incentive programs | |||||||||||
| Payments of withholding taxes related to net share settlements of restricted stock units | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from debt | |||||||||||
| Repayment of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | ||||||||||
| Payment of contingent consideration for previously acquired business | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other financing activities, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
8
EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
(Continued)
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Balance sheet classification | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash in Prepaid and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
9
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data and as otherwise disclosed)
1.BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Risks and Uncertainties — As a result of its global operations, the Company may be subject to certain inherent risks.
10
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
There were no recently adopted accounting standards which had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows.
Pending Accounting Standards
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that the Company will adopt according to the various timetables the FASB specifies. The Company believes the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows upon adoption.
2. IMPACT OF THE INVASION OF UKRAINE
On February 24, 2022, Russian forces attacked Ukraine and its people and EPAM has repeatedly called for an immediate end to this unlawful and unconscionable attack. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $65.3 million of Property and equipment, net in Ukraine consisting of a building classified as construction-in-progress located in Kyiv with a net book value of $51.5 million, laptops with a net book value of $7.6 million, most of which are in the possession of employees, various office furniture, equipment and supplies with a net book value of $4.8 million, and leasehold improvements located throughout Ukraine with a net book value of $1.4 million. Additionally, as of September 30, 2023, the Company had Operating lease right-of-use assets located throughout Ukraine with a net book value of $9.6 million. Through the issuance date of these interim financial statements, the Company is not aware of any damage to its long-lived assets in Ukraine and the Company expects to continue to use these assets as part of its global delivery model.
On March 4, 2022, the Company announced a $100.0 million humanitarian commitment to support its employees and their families in and displaced from Ukraine. This humanitarian commitment is in addition to donations from EPAM's customers and employees and the work of EPAM volunteers on the ground. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company expensed $3.6 million and $13.6 million, respectively, related to this commitment, which included special cash payments to support impacted employees, financial and medical support for impacted families, travel, meals and lodging expenses, and donations to third-party humanitarian organizations. Of the expensed amount for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, $3.0 million and $8.3 million, respectively, is classified in Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), and $0.6 million and $5.3 million, respectively, is classified in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated financial statements. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company expensed $4.5 million and $38.5 million, respectively, related to this commitment, which included special cash payments to support impacted employees, financial and medical support for impacted families, travel, meals and lodging expenses, and donations to third-party humanitarian organizations. Of this expensed amount for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, $2.9 million and $25.3 million, respectively, is classified in Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization), and $1.6 million and $13.2 million, respectively, is classified in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has $41.6 million remaining to be expensed under this humanitarian commitment.
11
The Company executed its business continuity plans following the invasion to assist relocating employees residing in Ukraine and the surrounding region impacted by the war and geopolitical uncertainty to other countries and to assign delivery personnel in locations outside of the region to serve in unbilled standby or backup capacities to ensure the continuity of delivery for its customers who have substantial delivery exposure to Ukraine or other delivery concerns resulting from the invasion and ongoing war. In addition to costs incurred as part of EPAM’s humanitarian commitment to Ukraine, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 the Company incurred $0.0 million and $9.4 million of expenses, respectively, related to these standby resources, classified as Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). Also, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 the Company incurred expenses of $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively, related to its geographic repositioning efforts, classified as Selling, general and administrative expenses.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred expenses of $1.0 million and $12.9 million, respectively, related to the standby resources, classified as Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) and $4.4 million and $37.5 million, respectively, related to its geographic repositioning efforts, classified as Selling, general and administrative expenses. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company also recorded an impairment charge of $1.3 million, classified as Interest and other income, net related to a financial asset in Ukraine which the Company believed to be unrealizable due to the events in Ukraine.
In response to the attacks on Ukraine, EPAM announced on March 4, 2022, it would discontinue services to customers located in Russia. Based on this change in facts and circumstances, the long-term cash flow forecast for the Company’s operations in Russia and its Russia reporting unit were significantly reduced. The reduction in the long-term cash flow forecasts indicated that the carrying amounts of goodwill and long-lived assets associated with the Company’s Russia reporting unit and operations in Russia may not be recoverable, and the carrying value of these assets was tested for impairment. The Company relied on the income approach to estimate the fair values of the Russia reporting unit and long-lived assets and considered multiple scenarios including the continuing operation and exit of operations in Russia. Reflecting the negative long-term cash flow forecasts that each of these scenarios produced for these assets, during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded impairments of Property and equipment, net of $15.1 million, Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of $3.8 million, and Goodwill of $0.7 million. These asset impairment charges are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Additionally, the Company evaluated trade receivables and contract assets for estimated future credit losses from customers located in Russia and recorded a bad debt expense of $5.7 million reflecting the deterioration of creditworthiness of its customers in Russia during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Amounts recorded to bad debt expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and three months ended September 30, 2022 related to customers located in Russia were not material. Also, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred employee separation costs of $0.7 million and $16.9 million, respectively, in connection with the decision to exit its operations in Russia, with no such costs incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
On July 26, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its remaining holdings in Russia to a third-party. The Company recorded a loss on sale of $25.9 million during the third quarter of 2023, including the recognition of the accumulated currency translation loss related to this foreign entity that was previously included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
3.ACQUISITIONS
2022 Acquisitions — During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company completed two acquisitions with a total purchase price of $13.6 million including contingent consideration with acquisition-date fair value of $2.6 million. These acquisitions expanded EPAM’s capabilities to deliver end-to-end solutions for designing and building sophisticated commerce platforms, provided opportunities for geographic expansion as well as added $3.4 million of intangible assets, consisting of customer relationships. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of these acquisitions on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements was not material individually or in the aggregate.
2023 Acquisition — During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company completed one acquisition with a total purchase price of $28.9 million including contingent consideration with acquisition-date fair value of $14.9 million. This acquisition expanded EPAM’s capabilities in software design and product development, as well as added $8.3 million of intangible assets, consisting of customer relationships. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of this acquisition on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements was not material.
12
4.GOODWILL
| North America | Europe | Total | |||||||||||||||
Balance as of January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| 2023 Acquisition | |||||||||||||||||
| 2022 Acquisitions purchase accounting adjustments | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of net foreign currency exchange rate changes | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The Russia segment had accumulated goodwill impairment losses of $2.9 no
5.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company carries certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis on its condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| As of September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange derivative liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rights to acquire noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange derivative liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
13
| Amount | ||||||||
Contingent consideration as of January 1, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| 2023 Acquisition | ||||||||
| Changes in fair value of contingent consideration included in Interest and other income, net | ||||||||
| Payment of contingent consideration for previously acquired businesses | ( | |||||||
| Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes, net | ||||||||
Contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 | $ | |||||||
Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Estimates of fair value of financial instruments not carried at fair value on a recurring basis on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are generally subjective in nature and are determined as of a specific point in time based on the characteristics of the financial instruments and relevant market information. The generally short maturities of certain assets and liabilities result in a number of assets and liabilities for which fair value equals or closely approximates the amount recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following tables present the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:
| Fair Value Hierarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | Estimated Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits included in Short-term investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings under the 2021 Credit Agreement | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred consideration for asset acquisition | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
14
| Fair Value Hierarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | Estimated Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits included in Short-term investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings under the 2021 Credit Agreement | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred consideration for asset acquisition | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company completed an asset acquisition of software licenses for use in the regular course of business for a purchase price of $66.1 million, which included an upfront payment of $13.3 million and fixed deferred consideration, payable in annual installments, with an acquisition-date fair value of $52.8 million. To estimate fair value, the future payments were discounted to present value using a discount rate based on the estimated borrowing rate of the Company. The weighted average discount rate used to determine the acquisition-date fair value was 5.2 %. See Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” for more information regarding the deferred consideration.
6.DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In the normal course of business, the Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company has a hedging program whereby it enters into a series of foreign exchange forward contracts with durations of twelve months or less that are designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted Polish zloty, Indian rupee and Hungarian forint transactions.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, in response to the invasion of Ukraine, the Company de-designated its Russian ruble foreign exchange forward contracts as hedges and entered into offsetting foreign exchange forward contracts with the same counterparty. The Company determined it was probable the underlying forecasted foreign currency transactions which were hedged would not occur and reclassified the accumulated loss of $43.9 million on the underlying hedges into income which is classified as foreign exchange loss in the condensed consolidated statement of income. As of September 30, 2023, all of the Company’s Russian ruble foreign exchange forwards contracts had settled.
As of September 30, 2023, all of the Company’s foreign exchange forward contracts were designated as hedges and there is no financial collateral (including cash collateral) required to be posted by the Company related to the foreign exchange forward contracts.
15
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Classification | Asset Derivatives | Liability Derivatives | Asset Derivatives | Liability Derivatives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange forward contracts - Designated as hedging instruments | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange forward contracts - Not designated as hedging instruments | Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7.LEASES
The Company leases office space, corporate apartments, office equipment, and vehicles. Many of the Company’s leases contain variable payments including changes in base rent and charges for common area maintenance or other miscellaneous expenses. Due to this variability, the cash flows associated with these variable payments are not included in the minimum lease payments used in determining the right-of-use assets and associated lease liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the obligation for such payments is incurred. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms ranging from 0.1 to 8.3 years. Certain lease agreements, mainly for office space, include options to extend or terminate the lease before the expiration date. The Company considers such options when determining the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company leases and subleases a portion of its office space to third parties. Lease income and sublease income were immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. See Note 2 “Impact of the Invasion of Ukraine” for discussion of impairment of right-of-use assets in Russia.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement Classification | 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable lease cost | Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total lease cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating cash flows used for operating leases | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating leases | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash net increase/(decrease) due to lease modifications: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
16
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term, in years: | ||||||||||||||
| Operating leases | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate: | ||||||||||||||
| Operating leases | % | % | ||||||||||||
| Year ending December 31, | Lease Payments | |||||||
2023 (excluding nine months ended September 30, 2023) | $ | |||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||
| 2025 | ||||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||
| Total lease payments | ||||||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | |||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||
The Company had committed to payments of $12.3 million related to operating lease agreements that had not yet commenced as of September 30, 2023. These operating leases will commence on various dates during 2023 and 2024 with lease terms ranging from 0.2 to 7.3 years. The Company did not have any material finance lease agreements that had not yet commenced.
8.DEBT
Revolving Credit Facility — On October 21, 2021, the Company replaced its 2017 credit facility with a new unsecured credit agreement (the “2021 Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association; PNC Capital Markets LLC; Citibank N.A.; Wells Fargo Bank, National Association; Santander Bank, N.A.; and Raiffeisen Bank International AG (collectively the “Lenders”). The 2021 Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility (the “2021 Revolving Facility”) with a borrowing capacity of $700.0 million, with the potential to increase the borrowing capacity up to $1.000 billion if certain conditions are met. The 2021 Credit Agreement matures on October 21, 2026.
Borrowings under the 2021 Revolving Facility may be denominated in U.S. dollars or up to a maximum of $150.0 million equivalent in British pounds sterling, Canadian dollars, euros or Swiss francs and other currencies as may be approved by the administrative agent and the Lenders. Borrowings under the 2021 Revolving Facility bear interest at either a base rate or Euro-rate plus a margin based on the Company’s leverage ratio. The base rate is equal to the highest of (a) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, plus 0.5 %, (b) the Prime Rate, or (c) the Daily Simple SOFR Rate, plus 1.0 %, so long as the Daily Simple SOFR Rate is offered, ascertainable and not unlawful.
The 2021 Credit Agreement includes customary business and financial covenants that may restrict the Company’s ability to make or pay dividends (other than certain intercompany dividends) if a potential or an actual event of default has occurred or would be triggered. As of September 30, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the 2021 Credit Agreement.
17
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Outstanding debt | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Interest rate | % | % | |||||||||
| Available borrowing capacity | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Maximum borrowing capacity | $ | $ | |||||||||
9.COST OPTIMIZATION PROGRAM
During the third quarter ended September 30, 2023 the Company initiated a Cost Optimization Program to streamline operations and optimize corporate functions. This program is expected to include workforce reduction and closure of underutilized facilities.
The Company recorded $7.1
Activity in the Company’s restructuring reserves was as follows:
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | Charges | Payments Made | Balance at September 30. 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 Cost Optimization Program | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee separation costs | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The Company expects to complete all restructuring actions commenced during the three months ended September 30, 2023 by the end of the first quarter of 2024 and to incur additional charges of approximately $15.0 million related primarily to employee severance and facility exit costs. The actual amount and timing of severance and other costs are dependent in part upon local country consultation processes and regulations and may differ from our current expectations and estimates.
10.REVENUES
Disaggregation of Revenues
The following tables present the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by customer location, including a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenues with the reportable segments (Note 15 “Segment Information”) for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer Locations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| APAC | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CEE | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
18
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer Locations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| APAC | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CEE | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer Locations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| APAC | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CEE | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer Locations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| APAC | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CEE | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The following tables present the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by industry vertical, including a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenues with the reportable segments (Note 15 “Segment Information”) for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
19
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The following tables present the disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by contract type including a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenues with the Company’s reportable segments (Note 15 “Segment Information”) for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract Types | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time-and-material | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed-price | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
20
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract Types | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time-and-material | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed-price | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract Types | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time-and-material | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed-price | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract Types | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time-and-material | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed-price | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and other revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Timing of Revenue Recognition
The following tables present the timing of revenue recognition reconciled with the Company’s reportable segments (Note 15 “Segment Information”) for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Timing of Revenue Recognition | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred over time | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred at a point of time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Timing of Revenue Recognition | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred over time | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred at a point of time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
21
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Timing of Revenue Recognition | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred over time | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred at a point of time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reportable Segments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | Europe | Russia | Consolidated Revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Timing of Revenue Recognition | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred over time | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Transferred at a point of time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $9.2 million and $7.1 million, respectively, of revenues from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods compared to $12.3 million and $7.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
| Less than 1 year | 1 Year | 2 Years | 3 Years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed-price | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company applies a practical expedient and does not disclose the amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations nor provide an explanation of when the Company expects to recognize that amount as revenue for certain variable consideration.
Contract Balances
The following table provides information on the classification of contract assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Contract assets included in Trade receivables and contract assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Contract liabilities included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Contract liabilities included in Other noncurrent liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
Contract assets comprise amounts where the Company’s right to bill is contingent on something other than the passage of time such as achievement of contractual milestones. Contract assets have increased from December 31, 2022 primarily due to contracts where the Company’s right to bill is contingent upon achievement of contractual milestones. Contract liabilities comprise amounts collected from the Company’s customers for revenues not yet earned and such amounts are anticipated to be recorded as revenues when services are performed in subsequent periods. Contract liabilities have decreased from December 31, 2022 primarily due to completion of services performed for customers during the first nine months of 2023.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $3.1 million and $27.4 million, respectively, of revenues that were included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities at December 31, 2022. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $2.0 million and $34.0 million, respectively, of revenues that were included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities at December 31, 2021.
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11.STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Stock-Based Compensation
The following table summarizes the components of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Stock Options
Stock option activity under the Company’s plans is set forth below:
| Number of Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at January 1, 2023 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Options granted | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Options exercised | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options forfeited | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options expired | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Options vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Options expected to vest as of September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of September 30, 2023, $26.5 million of total remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to unvested stock options, net of estimated forfeitures, is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 2.3 years.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
Service-Based Awards
Equity-Classified Equity-Settled Restricted Stock Units | Liability-Classified Cash-Settled Restricted Stock Units | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested service-based awards outstanding at January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards granted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards modified | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards vested | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Awards forfeited/cancelled | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Unvested service-based awards outstanding at September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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As of September 30, 2023, $225.8 million of total remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to service-based equity-classified restricted stock units (“RSUs”), net of estimated forfeitures, is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 2.7 years.
As of September 30, 2023, $19.3 million of total remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to service-based liability-classified cash-settled RSUs, net of estimated forfeitures, is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 2.5 years.
The liability associated with the service-based liability-classified RSUs as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, was $4.4 million and $10.2 million, respectively, and was classified as Accrued compensation and benefits expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Performance-Based Awards
Equity-Classified Equity-Settled Restricted Stock | Equity-Classified Equity-Settled Restricted Stock Units | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested performance-based awards outstanding at January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards vested | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Awards forfeited/cancelled | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested performance-based awards outstanding at September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of September 30, 2023, $2.4 million of total remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to performance-based equity-classified RSUs is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 2.2 years.
2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") enables eligible employees to purchase shares of EPAM’s common stock at a discount at the end of each designated offering period, which occurs every six months in April and November. The purchase price is equal to 85 % of the fair market value of a share of EPAM’s common stock on the first date of an offering or the date of purchase, whichever is lower. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the ESPP participants purchased 77 thousand shares of common stock under the ESPP. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the ESPP participants purchased 55
The Company recognizes compensation expense related to share issuances pursuant to the ESPP on a straight-line basis over the six-month offering period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $3.1 million and $9.7 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $4.7 million and $10.0 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP. As of September 30, 2023, total unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the ESPP was $1.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 0.1 years.
Commitments for Future Equity Awards
In connection with the Company’s acquisitions of businesses as discussed in Note 3 “Acquisitions”, EPAM enters into agreements that contractually commit it to granting equity awards at future dates. The agreements are unique to each acquisition and terms vary to specify the number of future awards to be issued or a monetary value that will be settled with equity awards valued at future stock prices.
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As of September 30, 2023, the Company has commitments to grant up to $25.4 million of equity awards with the number of awards to be determined based on future stock prices. These awards contain performance criteria that will determine the number of future awards to be issued and there is a service-based vesting requirement after the grant date associated with these awards. As these awards are considered granted for accounting purposes, in determining the expense, the Company adjusts the expected settlement based on the probability of achievement of the performance criteria. Related to these awards, the amount of stock-based compensation expense recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was not material.
Share Repurchases
On February 13, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $500.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock. EPAM may repurchase shares of its common stock on a discretionary basis from time to time through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or other means, including through the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The timing and total amount of stock repurchases will depend upon business, economic and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, prevailing stock prices, and other considerations. The share repurchase program has a term of 24 months, may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and does not obligate the company to acquire any amount of common stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 318 thousand and 543 thousand shares of its common stock for $78.5 million and $128.4 million, respectively, in cash. All of the repurchased shares have been retired. As of September 30, 2023, a remaining balance of $371.6 million was available for purchases of the Company’s common stock under the share repurchase program authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors.
12.INCOME TAXES
In determining its interim provision for income taxes, the Company uses an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is based on expected annual profit before tax, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Certain significant or unusual items are separately recognized in the quarter in which they occur and can be a source of variability in the effective tax rates from quarter to quarter.
The Company’s worldwide effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was 26.3 % and 18.4 %, respectively, and 21.9 % and 13.6 % during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate benefited from excess tax benefits recorded upon vesting or exercise of stock-based awards of $1.7 million and $10.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $15.1 million and $31.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company’s effective tax rate benefited from the recognition of one-time benefits of $1.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively, resulting from the Company’s decision to change the tax status and to classify certain of its foreign subsidiaries as disregarded entities for U.S. income tax purposes. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate increased due to a $3.6
13.EARNINGS PER SHARE
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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares for basic earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards and stock issuable under the ESPP | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares for diluted earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The number of shares underlying equity-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive was 452 thousand and 410 thousand during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
The number of shares underlying equity-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive was 158 thousand and 252 thousand during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
14.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Indemnification Obligations — In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to a variety of agreements under which it may be obligated to indemnify the other party for certain matters. These obligations typically arise in contracts where the Company customarily agrees to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants for certain matters, infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, data privacy violations, and certain tortious conduct in the course of providing services. The duration of these indemnifications varies, and in certain cases, is indefinite.
The Company is unable to reasonably estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments under these or similar agreements due to the unique facts and circumstances of each agreement and the fact that certain indemnifications provide for no limitation to the maximum potential future payments under the indemnification. Management is not aware of any such matters that would have a material effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company.
Litigation — From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation, claims or other contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues a liability when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When a material loss contingency is reasonably possible but not probable, the Company does not record a liability, but instead discloses the nature and the amount of the claim, and an estimate of the loss or range of loss, if such an estimate can be made. Legal fees are expensed as incurred. In the opinion of management, the outcome of any existing claims and legal or regulatory proceedings, if decided adversely, is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Ukraine Humanitarian Commitment — On March 4, 2022, EPAM announced that it has established a $100.0 million humanitarian commitment to support its employees in Ukraine and their families. See Note 2 “Impact of the Invasion of Ukraine” for more information regarding commitments to humanitarian aid for Ukraine.
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Deferred Consideration — During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company purchased software licenses for use in the regular course of business in exchange for an upfront payment and fixed, future annual payments due over the next 4 years. As of September 30, 2023, the undiscounted deferred consideration amounts owed totaled approximately $60.0 million and are expected to be paid as follows: $14.2 million during the remainder of 2023, $14.0 million in 2024, $15.1 million in 2025, and $16.7 million in 2026.
Contractual Commitment — On March 31, 2023, the Company entered into a 5 -year agreement for cloud services through which it committed to spending at least $75.0 million over the term of the agreement. The Company has the ability to cancel the commitment whereby it would incur a cancellation penalty of 20 % of the remaining contractual commitment.
15.SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company determines its business segments and reports segment information in accordance with how the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) organizes the segments to evaluate performance, allocate resources and make business decisions. Segment results are based on the segment’s revenues and operating profit, where segment operating profit is defined as income from operations before unallocated costs. Expenses included in segment operating profit consist principally of direct selling and delivery costs as well as an allocation of certain shared services expenses. Certain corporate expenses are not allocated to specific segments as these expenses are not controllable at the segment level. Such expenses include certain types of professional fees, certain taxes included in operating expenses, compensation to non-employee directors and certain other general and administrative expenses, including compensation of specific groups of non-production employees. In addition, the Company does not allocate amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations, goodwill and other asset impairment charges, stock-based compensation expenses, acquisition-related costs and certain other one-time charges and benefits. These unallocated amounts are combined with total segment operating profit to arrive at consolidated income from operations as reported below in the reconciliation of segment operating profit to consolidated income before provision for income taxes. Additionally, management has determined that it is not practical to allocate identifiable assets by segment since such assets are used interchangeably among the segments.
The Company manages its business primarily based on the managerial responsibility for its client base and market. As managerial responsibility for a particular customer relationship generally correlates with the customer’s geographic location, there is a high degree of similarity between customer locations and the geographic boundaries of the Company’s reportable segments. In some cases, managerial responsibility for a particular customer is assigned to a management team in another region and is usually based on the strength of the relationship between customer executives and particular members of EPAM’s senior management team. In such cases, the customer’s activity would be reported through the management team’s reportable segment.
On July 26, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its remaining holdings in Russia to a third party. As a result of this sale, the Company no longer has operations associated with this segment. See Note 2 “Impact of the Invasion of Ukraine” for more information.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Segment operating profit/(loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating profit | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment transactions were excluded from the above on the basis that they are neither included in the measure of a segment’s profit and loss results, nor considered by the CODM during the review of segment results.
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There were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of total segment revenues during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating profit: | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other acquisition-related expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of business | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other unallocated expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange gain/(loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Geographic Area Information
Long-lived assets presented in the table below include property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, and management has determined that it is not practical to allocate these assets by segment since such assets are used interchangeably among the segments. Physical locations and values of the Company’s long-lived assets are presented below:
| As of September 30, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Ukraine | $ | $ | |||||||||
| United States | |||||||||||
| Belarus | |||||||||||
| Poland | |||||||||||
| India | |||||||||||
| Hungary | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
See Note 2 “Impact of the Invasion of Ukraine” for more information regarding the Company’s decisions to no longer serve customers in Russia, impairment of long-lived assets in Russia and the sale of its holdings in Russia.
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| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Switzerland | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Netherlands | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Germany | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other locations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
16.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss reclassified into Loss on sale of business | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation, net of tax | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ending balance | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedging instruments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized (loss)/ gain in fair value | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (gain)/ loss reclassified into Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (gain)/ loss reclassified into Foreign exchange loss | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedging instruments, net of tax | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending balance(1) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Defined benefit plans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ending balance | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report. In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from management’s expectations. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the sections entitled “Forward-Looking Statements” in this item and in “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.
In this quarterly report, “EPAM,” “EPAM Systems, Inc.,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to EPAM Systems, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
“EPAM” is a trademark of EPAM Systems, Inc. All other trademarks and service marks used herein are the property of their respective owners.
Executive Summary
We are a leading digital transformation services and product engineering company, providing digital platform engineering and software development services to many of the world’s leading organizations.
We deliver business and technology transformation from start to finish, leveraging agile methodologies, proven customer collaboration frameworks, engineering excellence tools, hybrid teams and our award-winning proprietary global delivery platform. We leverage our software engineering heritage with strategic business and innovation consulting, design thinking, and physical-digital capabilities to deliver real business value to our customers. Our customers depend on us to solve their complex technical challenges and rely on our expertise in core engineering, advanced technology, digital design and intelligent enterprise development. We focus on building long-term partnerships with our customers in a market that is constantly challenged by the pressures of digitization through our innovative strategy and scalable software solutions, integrated advisory, business consulting and experience design, and a continually evolving mix of advanced capabilities. Through increased specialization in focused verticals and a continued emphasis on strategic partnerships, we are leveraging our roots in software engineering to grow as a recognized brand in software development and end-to-end digital transformation services for our customers.
Our global delivery model and centralized support functions, combined with the benefits of scale from the shared use of fixed-cost resources, enhance our productivity levels and enable us to better manage the efficiency of our global operations. As a result, we have created a delivery base whereby our applications, tools, methodologies and infrastructure allow us to seamlessly deliver services and solutions from our delivery centers to global customers across all geographies. Our teams of developers, architects, consultants, strategists, engineers, designers, and product experts have the capabilities and skill sets to deliver business results.
Business Update Regarding the War in Ukraine
On February 24, 2022, Russian forces attacked Ukraine and its people and EPAM has repeatedly called for an immediate end to this unlawful and unconscionable attack. EPAM’s highest priority is the safety and security of its employees and their families in Ukraine as well as the broader region, and we have continued to support relocating our employees to lower risk locations, both in Ukraine and to other countries where we operate. The vast majority of our Ukraine employees are in safe locations and operating at levels of productivity consistent with those achieved prior to the attack. As of September 30, 2023, Ukraine remains the delivery location with the most delivery professionals. Furthermore, we have maintained our $100 million humanitarian aid commitment to our people in Ukraine in addition to our other donations and volunteer efforts.
Prior to the attack in February 2022, Russia was our third largest delivery location by the number of delivery professionals. In April 2022, the Company announced the beginning of a phased exit of our operations in Russia in close collaboration with our employees, contractors, and customers. We have discontinued services to certain customers located in Russia and on July 26, 2023, we completed the sale of our remaining holdings in Russia to a third party.
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The impact of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on our operations, personnel, and physical assets in Ukraine has had, and, along with any escalation of the war that includes Belarus’ territory or military, could continue to have a material adverse effect on our operations. Actions taken by other countries, including new and stricter sanctions by Canada, the United Kingdom, the European Union, the U.S. and other companies and organizations against officials, individuals, regions, and industries in Belarus, and Belarus’ responses to those sanctions, including counter-sanctions and other actions, have had and could continue to have a material adverse effect on our operations. Customers have and may continue to seek altered terms, conditions, and delivery locations for the performance of services, delay planned work or seek services from alternate providers, or suspend, terminate, fail to renew, or reduce existing contracts or services, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. Some of our customers have implemented steps to block internet communications with Ukraine and Belarus to protect against potential cyberattacks or other information security threats, which has caused a material adverse effect on our ability to deliver our services to these customers from those locations. Such material adverse effects disrupt our delivery of services, cause us to shift all or portions of our work occurring in the region to other countries, restrict our ability to engage in certain projects in the region and serve certain customers in or from the region, and could negatively impact our personnel, operations, financial results and business outlook. Our Board of Directors continues its oversight of our strategic, geopolitical, and cybersecurity risks and the risks related to our geographic expansion. Our Board has received updates from management during both regular and special meetings, while also providing oversight of the risks associated with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and other strategic areas of importance related to the war.
Moving Forward
We continue to execute our business continuity plans and adapt to developments as they occur to protect the safety of our people and address impacts to our delivery infrastructure, including reallocating work to other geographies within our global footprint. We have engaged both our personnel and our customers to meet their needs and to mitigate delivery challenges. EPAM continues to operate productively in more than 50 countries and provides consistent high-quality delivery to our customers. Our global delivery centers have sufficient resources, including infrastructure and capital, to support ongoing operations. We continue to rapidly respond to the difficult conditions in Ukraine while maintaining a focus on customers and long-term growth.
Implementation and execution of our business continuity plans, relocation costs, our humanitarian commitment to our people in Ukraine, and the cost of our phased exit from Russia resulted in materially increased expenses during 2022 and these expenses continue to be incurred in the first nine months of 2023. We expect some of those expenses will continue to occur in subsequent quarters for some time in the future.
We have no way to predict the progress or outcome of the war in Ukraine because the conflict and government reactions change quickly and are beyond our control. Prolonged military activities, broad-based sanctions and counter-sanctions, or escalation of the war that includes Belarus’ territory or military could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. The information contained in this section is accurate as of the date hereof but may become outdated due to changing circumstances beyond our control or present awareness. For additional information on the various risks posed by the attack against Ukraine and the impact in the region as well as other disruptors to our business, please read “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and “Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this quarterly report.
Year-to-Date 2023 Developments and Trends
Our business was disrupted by the war in Ukraine that began in the latter part of the first quarter of 2022 and has continued to create uncertainties through September 30, 2023 and beyond. In addition, our business and operating results were negatively impacted in the first nine months of 2023 by reduced demand for our services as our customers took action to reduce spending in light of the anticipated global slowdown in economic activity. For the first nine months of 2023, our revenues were $3.533 billion, a decrease of 1.7% from $3.593 billion reported for the same period of 2022. Income from operations as a percentage of revenues decreased to 10.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to 11.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, largely driven by an increase in compensation and benefits costs including stock-based compensation expense and recognition of a $25.9 million loss from the sale of the Russia business, partially offset by lower variable compensation expense and a decrease in expenses associated with the geographic repositioning of our workforce and humanitarian efforts for Ukraine.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our financial position and results of operations is based on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that may affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On a recurring basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition and related allowances, impairments of long-lived assets including intangible assets, goodwill and right-of-use assets, income taxes including the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, and stock-based compensation. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. In addition, our reported financial condition and results of operations could vary due to a change in the application of a particular accounting standard.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. This information should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report. The operating results in any period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages and per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,152,136 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,226,920 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,533,283 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,593,395 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)(1) | 794,265 | 68.9 | % | 826,796 | 67.4 | % | 2,458,881 | 69.6 | % | 2,453,955 | 68.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses(2) | 194,829 | 16.9 | % | 198,021 | 16.1 | % | 601,093 | 17.0 | % | 667,825 | 18.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 23,092 | 2.0 | % | 21,876 | 1.8 | % | 68,642 | 2.0 | % | 69,126 | 1.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of business | 25,922 | 2.3 | % | — | — | % | 25,922 | 0.7 | % | — | — | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 114,028 | 9.9 | % | 180,227 | 14.7 | % | 378,745 | 10.7 | % | 402,489 | 11.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | 13,931 | 1.2 | % | 4,228 | 0.4 | % | 37,162 | 1.1 | % | 5,642 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange gain/(loss) | 3,893 | 0.3 | % | 6,691 | 0.5 | % | (6,725) | (0.2) | % | (102,035) | (2.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 131,852 | 11.4 | % | 191,146 | 15.6 | % | 409,182 | 11.6 | % | 306,096 | 8.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 34,648 | 3.0 | % | 35,092 | 2.9 | % | 89,653 | 2.6 | % | 41,719 | 1.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 97,204 | 8.4 | % | $ | 156,054 | 12.7 | % | $ | 319,529 | 9.0 | % | $ | 264,377 | 7.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | 26.3 | % | 18.4 | % | 21.9 | % | 13.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share | $ | 1.65 | $ | 2.63 | $ | 5.40 | $ | 4.47 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes $18,142 and $17,474 of stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $49,569 and $31,782 of stock-based compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)Includes $19,705 and $15,813 of stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $59,967 and $36,510 of stock-based compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
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Consolidated Results Review
Revenues
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, our total revenues decreased by 6.1% to $1.152 billion compared to the corresponding period in 2022. Revenues have been negatively impacted by reduced demand for our services as our customers took action to reduce spending in light of the anticipated global slowdown in economic activity and the sale of our remaining holdings in Russia, and positively impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates which offset our revenue decline by 1.9% during the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period last year.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our total revenues decreased 1.7% over the corresponding period in 2022. The first nine months of 2023 were negatively impacted by reduced demand for our services as our customers took action to reduce spending in light of the anticipated global slowdown in economic activity and our decision to exit Russia and discontinue services to customers there, and positively impacted by growth during the first three months of 2023 and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates which offset our revenue decline by 0.4% as compared to the same period last year.
Revenues by customer location for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | (in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Americas(1) | $ | 677,410 | 58.8 | % | $ | 747,091 | 60.9 | % | $ | 2,066,299 | 58.4 | % | $ | 2,155,496 | 60.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EMEA(2) | 446,237 | 38.7 | % | 438,216 | 35.7 | % | 1,369,259 | 38.8 | % | 1,283,152 | 35.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APAC(3) | 25,051 | 2.2 | % | 31,376 | 2.6 | % | 76,080 | 2.2 | % | 91,134 | 2.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CEE(4) | 3,438 | 0.3 | % | 10,237 | 0.8 | % | 21,645 | 0.6 | % | 63,613 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,152,136 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,226,920 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,533,283 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,593,395 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Americas includes revenues from customers in North, Central and South America.
(2)EMEA includes revenues from customers in Western Europe and the Middle East.
(3)APAC includes revenues from customers in East Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia.
(4)CEE includes revenues from customers in Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. On July 26, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its remaining holdings in Russia to a third-party.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the United States continued to be our largest customer location. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, revenues in the United States decreased 8.7% to $652.8 million from $715.3 million in the third quarter of 2022, largely due to a ramp down initiated in the fourth quarter of 2022 of a large transformation program at a customer that was previously in our top 10 customers as well as reduced spending at certain other large accounts and generally slower growth in revenues across a range of customers in the geography. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues in the United States decreased 3.8% to $1.982 billion compared to $2.059 billion in the same period of the prior year, largely driven by a ramp down initiated in the fourth quarter of 2022 of a large transformation program at a customer that was previously in our top 10 customers as well as reduced spending at certain other large accounts and reduced demand for our services as our customers took action to reduce spending in light of the anticipated global slowdown in economic activity.
The top three revenue contributing customer location countries in EMEA were the United Kingdom, Switzerland and the Netherlands, generating $140.7 million, $91.5 million and $59.0 million in revenues, respectively, during the three months ended September 30, 2023. Revenues from customers in these three countries were $160.7 million, $76.2 million, and $57.0 million, respectively, in the corresponding period last year. Revenues in the EMEA region were positively impacted by the strengthening of the euro, the British pound and Swiss franc relative to the U.S. dollar during the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in the previous year.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and the Netherlands performed as EMEA’s top revenue generating locations and contributed $448.5 million, $270.9 million, and $176.5 million, respectively, compared to $463.6 million, $237.2 million, and $158.1 million, respectively, in the corresponding period last year. Revenues in the EMEA region were positively impacted by the strengthening of the euro, Swiss franc and the British pound relative to the U.S. dollar during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in the previous year.
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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues from customers in the APAC region decreased by $6.3 million or 20.2% and $15.1 million or 16.5% compared to the corresponding periods of 2022, mainly due to decline in the Financial Services vertical.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, revenues in the CEE geography experienced a decrease of $6.8 million as compared to the corresponding period of 2022. Revenues in the region during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 included $1.5 million and $13.3 million of revenues from customers in Russia, respectively. On March 4, 2022, we announced our decision to discontinue our services to customers located in Russia and on July 26, 2023, we completed the sale of our remaining holdings in Russia to a third-party. During this time, we have been providing transition support for customers in this market while pursuing the sale and as a result of this sale, the revenues from this geography are expected to dissipate in the future.
Cost of Revenues (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization)
The principal components of our cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) are salaries, bonuses, fringe benefits, stock-based compensation, project-related travel costs and fees for subcontractors who are assigned to customer projects. Salaries and other compensation expenses of our delivery professionals are reported as cost of revenues regardless of whether the employees are actually performing customer services during a given period. Our employees are a critical asset, necessary for our continued success and, therefore, we are continuously exploring new geographies, markets, and sources to locate talented personnel and present them with competitive compensation programs and educational opportunities.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was $794.3 million representing a decrease of 3.9% from $826.8 million in the corresponding period of 2022. The decrease was primarily due to lower compensation and benefits costs, attributable to a 10.0% decrease in the average number of production professionals and reduced variable compensation expense attributable to the lower level of financial performance expected for the year, and a reduction of $1.0 million for unbilled business continuity resources, partially offset by higher compensation and benefits costs, attributable to salary increases and promotions for existing delivery professionals as well as higher compensation and benefits costs resulting from the relocation of employees to higher cost geographies. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was 68.9% and 67.4% in the third quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The year-over-year increase in the third quarter of 2023 as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year is primarily due to lower utilization attributable to uneven demand for our services and compensation and benefits costs being a higher percentage of our revenues due to the ongoing transition of customer work to higher cost geographies.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was $2.459 billion representing an increase of 0.2% from $2.454 billion in the corresponding period of 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher compensation and benefits costs, attributable to salary increases and promotions for existing delivery professionals as well as due to the relocation of employees to higher cost geographies, $17.8 million of higher stock-based compensation expenses and the reversal of $21.4 million of previously accrued discretionary compensation expenses in the first quarter of 2022. The increases were partially offset by a decrease of $17.0 million of incremental costs associated with our humanitarian efforts for Ukraine, a decrease of $3.4 million of unbilled business continuity resources and reduced variable compensation expense attributable to the lower level of financial performance expected for the year. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was 69.6% and 68.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The year-over-year increase is primarily due to lower utilization attributable to uneven demand for our services, the ongoing transition of customer work to higher cost geographies, a higher level of stock-based compensation expense, as well as a reversal of previously accrued discretionary compensation expenses in the first quarter of 2022.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses represent expenditures associated with promoting and selling our services and general and administrative functions of our business. These expenses include the costs of salaries, bonuses, fringe benefits, stock-based compensation, severance, bad debt, travel, legal and accounting services, insurance, facilities including operating leases, advertising, and other promotional activities. Additionally, selling, general and administrative expenses contain costs of relocating our employees and various one-time and unusual expenses such as impairment charges.
34
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, selling, general and administrative expenses were $194.8 million representing a 1.6% decrease as compared to $198.0 million in the corresponding period of 2022. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was largely driven by a $4.7 million decrease in personnel-related costs other than stock-based compensation expense reflecting reduced variable compensation expense attributable to a lower level of financial performance expected for the year, a $4.0 million decrease in expenses associated with the geographic repositioning of our workforce, and a $1.0 million decrease in expenses associated with our humanitarian efforts for Ukraine. These were partially offset by a $3.9 million increase in stock-based compensation expense. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 0.8% to 16.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period from the prior year, primarily driven by higher stock-based compensation expense and higher compensation and benefits costs, attributable to salary increases and promotions for existing employees as well as higher compensation and benefits costs resulting from the relocation of employees to higher cost geographies.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, selling, general and administrative expenses were $601.1 million representing a decrease of 10.0% as compared to $667.8 million reported in the corresponding period of 2022. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was largely driven by a $24.2 million decrease in personnel-related costs other than stock-based compensation expense reflecting reduced variable compensation expense attributable to a lower level of financial performance expected for the year, a $36.6 million decrease in expenses associated with the geographic repositioning of our workforce, and a $7.9 million decrease in expenses associated with our humanitarian efforts for Ukraine. These were partially offset by a $23.5 million increase in stock-based compensation expense. Additionally, the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were impacted by the recognition of $19.6 million of impairment charges related to our long-lived assets in Russia and $5.7 million of bad debt expense attributable to customers located in Russia. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by 1.6% to 17.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period from the prior year primarily driven by reductions in impairment charges, expenses associated with the geographic repositioning of our workforce, costs related to our humanitarian efforts for Ukraine, and variable compensation expense.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, selling, general and administrative expenses included $7.1 million of employee separation costs incurred as part of the Cost Optimization Program. See Note 9 “Cost Optimization Program” for more information regarding the Company’s restructuring decision.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, depreciation and amortization expense was $23.1 million and $68.6 million, respectively, as compared to $21.9 million and $69.1 million, respectively, in the corresponding periods last year. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense during the three months ended September 30, 2023 is primarily the result of increased depreciation on software licenses as compared to the corresponding period last year. The decrease in depreciation and amortization expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is primarily the result of lower depreciation on leasehold improvements and desktop hardware driven by our phased exit from our operations in Russia, partially offset by increased depreciation on software licenses. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, depreciation and amortization expense remained consistent at 2.0% during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to 1.8% and 1.9% in the corresponding periods of 2022.
Loss on Sale of Business
On July 26, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its remaining holdings in Russia to a third-party. The Company recorded a loss on sale of $25.9 million during the third quarter of 2023, including the recognition of the accumulated currency translation loss related to this foreign entity that was previously included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss.
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Interest and Other Income, Net
Interest and other income, net includes interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, gains and losses from certain financial instruments, interest expense related to our borrowings, government grant income, and changes in the fair value of contingent consideration. Interest and other income, net increased from $4.2 million and $5.6 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, to $13.9 million and $37.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. This increase in Interest and other income, net during the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022 was largely driven by an $11.8 million increase in interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, driven by improved interest rates, and a $2.1 million decrease in loss due to the change in fair value of contingent consideration, partially offset by a $2.9 million decrease in government grant income. The increase in Interest and other income, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was largely driven by a $31.2 million increase in interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, a $6.7 million decrease in loss due to the change in fair value of contingent consideration, partially offset by a $1.2 million decrease in government grant income.
Foreign Exchange Gain/(Loss)
For discussion of the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations see “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
Provision for Income Taxes
In determining its interim provision for income taxes, the Company uses an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is based on expected annual profit before tax, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Certain significant or unusual items are separately recognized in the quarter in which they occur and can be a source of variability in the effective tax rates from quarter to quarter.
Determining the consolidated provision for income tax expense, deferred income tax assets and liabilities and any potential related valuation allowances involves judgment. We consider factors that may contribute, favorably or unfavorably, to the overall effective tax rate in the current year as well as the future. These factors include statutory tax rates and tax law changes in the countries where we operate and excess tax benefits upon vesting or exercise of equity awards as well as consideration of any significant or unusual items.
Our effective tax rate was 26.3% and 21.9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and 18.4% and 13.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to the corresponding periods in the prior year, is primarily attributable to lower excess tax benefits recorded upon vesting or exercise of stock-based awards as a percentage of pre-tax income in the current period. Excess tax benefits recorded upon vesting or exercise of stock-based awards were $1.7 million and $15.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $10.9 million and $31.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 the Company’s effective tax rate benefited from the recognition of one-time benefits of $1.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively, resulting from the Company’s decision to change the tax status and to classify certain of its foreign subsidiaries as disregarded entities for U.S. income tax purposes. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate was also negatively impacted by a $3.6 million charge in the quarter associated with the completion of EPAM’s exit from Russia.
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Results by Business Segment
Our operations consist of three reportable segments: North America, Europe, and Russia. The segments represent components of EPAM for which separate financial information is available and used on a regular basis by our chief executive officer, who is also our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), to determine how to allocate resources and evaluate performance. Our CODM makes business decisions based on segment revenues and operating profit. Segment operating profit is defined as income from operations before unallocated costs. Expenses included in segment operating profit consist principally of direct selling and delivery costs as well as an allocation of certain shared services expenses. Certain corporate expenses are not allocated to specific segments as these expenses are not controllable at the segment level. Such expenses include certain types of professional fees, certain taxes included in operating expenses, compensation to non-employee directors and certain other general and administrative expenses, including compensation of specific groups of non-production employees. In addition, the Company does not allocate stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations, goodwill and other asset impairment charges, acquisition-related costs and certain other one-time charges and benefits. These unallocated amounts are combined with total segment operating profit to arrive at consolidated income from operations.
We manage our business primarily based on the managerial responsibility for its client base and market. As managerial responsibility for a particular customer relationship generally correlates with the customer’s geographic location, there is a high degree of similarity between customer locations and the geographic boundaries of our reportable segments. In some cases, managerial responsibility for a particular customer is assigned to a management team in another region and is usually based on the strength of the relationship between customer executives and particular members of EPAM’s senior management team. In such cases, the customer’s activity would be reported through the management team’s reportable segment.
On March 4, 2022, we announced that we will discontinue our services to customers located in Russia while staying committed to providing transition support for customers in this market and in April 2022 began the process of a phased exit of our operations in Russia. On July 26, 2023, we completed the sale of our remaining holdings in Russia to a third party.
Revenues from external customers and operating profit/(loss), before unallocated expenses, by reportable segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | $ | 684,778 | $ | 748,383 | $ | 2,074,806 | $ | 2,159,751 | |||||||||||||||
| Europe | 465,813 | 470,009 | 1,442,402 | 1,373,923 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | 1,545 | 8,528 | 16,075 | 59,721 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment revenues | $ | 1,152,136 | $ | 1,226,920 | $ | 3,533,283 | $ | 3,593,395 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment operating profit/(loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | $ | 132,438 | $ | 175,845 | $ | 386,929 | $ | 429,999 | |||||||||||||||
| Europe | 64,074 | 64,813 | 188,779 | 156,920 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | (118) | 1,507 | (5,866) | (16,315) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating profit | $ | 196,394 | $ | 242,165 | $ | 569,842 | $ | 570,604 | |||||||||||||||
North America Segment
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, revenues for the North America segment decreased $63.6 million, or 8.5%, compared to the same period last year and segment operating profit decreased $43.4 million, or 24.7%, compared to the same period last year. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, revenues from our North America segment were 59.4% of total segment revenues, a decrease from 61.0% reported in the corresponding period of 2022. As a percentage of North America segment revenues, the North America segment’s operating profit margin decreased to 19.3% during the third quarter of 2023 from 23.5% in the third quarter of 2022. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower utilization, partially offset by a decrease in variable compensation expense as a percentage of segment revenues during the third quarter of 2023 compared to the third quarter of 2022.
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues for the North America segment decreased $84.9 million, or 3.9%, compared to the same period last year and segment operating profit decreased $43.1 million, or 10.0%, compared to the same period last year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, revenues from our North America segment were 58.7% and 60.1% of total segment revenues, respectively. As a percentage of North America segment revenues, the North America segment’s operating profit margin decreased to 18.6% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to 19.9% in the corresponding period of 2022. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower utilization, partially offset by a decrease in variable compensation expense as a percentage of segment revenues during the first nine months of 2023 compared to the first nine months of 2022.
The following table presents North America segment revenues by industry vertical for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Vertical | (in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | $ | 136,520 | $ | 170,818 | $ | (34,298) | (20.1) | % | $ | 422,073 | $ | 488,134 | $ | (66,061) | (13.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | 131,499 | 134,673 | (3,174) | (2.4) | % | 410,527 | 381,887 | 28,640 | 7.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | 115,778 | 131,181 | (15,403) | (11.7) | % | 359,475 | 384,360 | (24,885) | (6.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | 104,863 | 121,703 | (16,840) | (13.8) | % | 327,378 | 346,675 | (19,297) | (5.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | 109,137 | 116,878 | (7,741) | (6.6) | % | 305,700 | 344,148 | (38,448) | (11.2) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | 86,981 | 73,130 | 13,851 | 18.9 | % | 249,653 | 214,547 | 35,106 | 16.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 684,778 | $ | 748,383 | $ | (63,605) | (8.5) | % | $ | 2,074,806 | $ | 2,159,751 | $ | (84,945) | (3.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in the prior year, Software & Hi-Tech remained the largest industry vertical in the North America segment, which was a result of the continued focus on engaging with our technology customers. However, a reduction in revenues from a former top 20 customer and overall declines in the technology sector in the U.S. during the first nine months of 2023 impacted growth in this vertical. Financial Services declined 2.4% and grew 7.5% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, largely impacted by the fluctuations in demand from a group of wealth management and insurance customers. Travel and Consumer declined 11.7% and 6.5%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to declines from customers in the retail industry, partially offset by growth from our travel customers. Business Information & Media declined 13.8% and 5.6%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to decline from customers in the information providing and credit reporting sectors. Life Sciences & Healthcare declined 6.6% and 11.2%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a ramp down of a large transformation program at a customer that was previously one of our top 10 customers. Emerging Verticals grew 18.9% and 16.4%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 due to growth from various customers in industries such as energy, telecommunications, manufacturing and automotive.
Europe Segment
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, Europe’s segment revenues were $465.8 million, representing a decrease of $4.2 million, or 0.9%, from the same period last year. Revenues were positively impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates during the third quarter of 2023 and had our Europe segment revenues been expressed in constant currency terms using the exchange rates in effect during the third quarter of 2022, we would have reported revenue decline of 6.1%. Europe’s segment revenues accounted for 40.4% and 38.3% of total segment revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the third quarter of 2023, the segment’s operating profit decreased 1.1% to $64.1 million compared to the third quarter of 2022. Expressed as a percentage of revenues, Europe’s segment operating profit remained at 13.8% compared to the same period of the prior year.
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues for the Europe segment increased $68.5 million, or 5.0%, compared to the same period last year and segment operating profit increased $31.9 million, or 20.3%, compared to the same period last year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, revenues from our Europe segment were 40.8% and 38.2% of total segment revenues, respectively. As a percentage of Europe segment revenues, the Europe segment’s operating profit increased to 13.1% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from 11.4% in the corresponding period of 2022. During the first nine months of 2023, segment operating profit was positively impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and a decrease in variable compensation expense, partially offset by lower utilization during the first nine months of 2023 compared to the first nine months of 2022.
The following table presents Europe segment revenues by industry vertical for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Vertical | (in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | $ | 146,837 | $ | 147,271 | $ | (434) | (0.3) | % | $ | 451,531 | $ | 424,140 | $ | 27,391 | 6.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | 114,122 | 115,372 | (1,250) | (1.1) | % | 358,091 | 345,468 | 12,623 | 3.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | 78,983 | 87,028 | (8,045) | (9.2) | % | 248,351 | 253,610 | (5,259) | (2.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | 37,545 | 34,513 | 3,032 | 8.8 | % | 115,137 | 100,814 | 14,323 | 14.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | 15,143 | 12,569 | 2,574 | 20.5 | % | 44,123 | 37,378 | 6,745 | 18.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | 73,183 | 73,256 | (73) | (0.1) | % | 225,169 | 212,513 | 12,656 | 6.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 465,813 | $ | 470,009 | $ | (4,196) | (0.9) | % | $ | 1,442,402 | $ | 1,373,923 | $ | 68,479 | 5.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues in Travel & Consumer declined 0.3% and grew 6.5%, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the corresponding period in 2022 primarily due to fluctuations in demand from customers in the consumer goods and retail industries. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues in Financial Services decreased 1.1% and increased 3.7%, respectively, primarily driven by decreased revenues from commercial banking, investment banking and payment processing customers and increased revenues from insurance customers as well as customers who provide other financial services. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues in Business Information & Media decreased 9.2% and 2.1%, respectively, primarily due to decreased demand from one of our top 10 customers. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the increase in revenues in the Software & Hi-Tech vertical was largely attributable to the expansion of services provided to one of our top 20 customers. Revenues in Emerging Verticals declined 0.1% and grew 6.0% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with growth experienced from the customers in the energy and the automotive industry, and declines from the customers in the telecommunications industry.
Russia Segment
On March 4, 2022, EPAM announced that it will discontinue services to customers located in Russia and will provide transition support for the customers in this market. In April 2022, we began the process of a phased exit of our operations in Russia and on July 26, 2023, we completed the sale of our remaining holdings in Russia to a third party. As a result of this sale, the Company no longer has operations associated with this segment. See Note 2 “Impact of the Invasion of Ukraine” for more information regarding the Company’s decisions to no longer serve customers in Russia and exit our operations in Russia.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, revenues from our Russia segment decreased $43.6 million, or 73.1%, as compared to the corresponding period of 2022 and accounted for 0.5% of total segment revenues. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, operating loss from the Russia segment was $5.9 million, representing an improvement of $10.4 million, as compared to an operating loss of $16.3 million in the corresponding period last year largely driven by higher costs incurred in the prior year period related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the Company’s decision to exit Russia. As a percentage of Russia segment revenues, the Russia segment’s operating loss increased to 36.5% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from 27.3% in the corresponding period of 2022 as we continued to decrease our revenues in the Russia segment.
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The following table presents Russia segment revenues by industry vertical for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | 2023 | 2022 | Dollars | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry Vertical | (in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | $ | 814 | $ | 4,741 | $ | (3,927) | (82.8) | % | $ | 7,450 | $ | 38,477 | $ | (31,027) | (80.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel & Consumer | 342 | 1,950 | (1,608) | (82.5) | % | 3,770 | 13,539 | (9,769) | (72.2) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software & Hi-Tech | 281 | 59 | 222 | 376.3 | % | 1,545 | 1,248 | 297 | 23.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Information & Media | 15 | 167 | (152) | (91.0) | % | 196 | 786 | (590) | (75.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Sciences & Healthcare | (36) | 228 | (264) | (115.8) | % | 120 | 444 | (324) | (73.0) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging Verticals | 129 | 1,383 | (1,254) | (90.7) | % | 2,994 | 5,227 | (2,233) | (42.7) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,545 | $ | 8,528 | $ | (6,983) | (81.9) | % | $ | 16,075 | $ | 59,721 | $ | (43,646) | (73.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effects of Inflation
Economies in many countries where we operate have periodically experienced high rates of inflation. Periods of higher inflation may affect various economic sectors in those countries and increase our cost of doing business there. We do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition to date. We continue to track the impact of inflation, particularly on wages, while attempting to minimize its effects through pricing and cost management strategies. A higher-than-normal rate of inflation in the future could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, including those related to inflation, see “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capital Resources
Our cash generated from operations has been our primary source of liquidity to fund operations, investments to support the growth of our business and share repurchases. As of September 30, 2023, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents totaling $1.873 billion, short-term investments totaling $60.4 million as well as $675.0 million of available borrowings under our revolving credit facility. See Note 8 “Debt” of our condensed consolidated financial statements in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)” for information regarding our debt.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow Data: | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 391,265 | $ | 278,035 | |||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (46,071) | (151,788) | |||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (143,417) | (10,066) | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (5,632) | (75,876) | |||||||||
| Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 196,145 | 40,305 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 1,683,636 | 1,449,347 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 1,879,781 | $ | 1,489,652 | |||||||
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Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $391.3 million, an increase of $113.2 million compared to $278.0 million provided by operating activities in the corresponding period of 2022. The first nine months of 2022 was negatively impacted by an increase in days sales outstanding, a higher level of variable compensation payments made based on 2021 performance and cash outflows related to EPAM’s humanitarian efforts for Ukraine and geographic repositioning.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $46.1 million compared to $151.8 million used in investing activities during the same period in 2022. During the first nine months of 2023, the cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to $18.4 million used for capital expenditures and $14.0 million used for the acquisition of a business, net of cash acquired, compared to cash used for capital expenditures of $60.1 million, an investment of $60.0 million into time deposits and $10.5 million for the acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired during the comparable period in 2022.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $143.4 million in the first nine months of 2023 compared to $10.1 million net cash used in financing activities in the same period of 2022. During 2023 we commenced a program to repurchase shares of EPAM common stock pursuant to the publicly announced share repurchase program and during the first nine months of 2023 we used $128.4 million of cash to repurchase our common stock. In addition, we used cash for the payments of withholding taxes related to net share settlements of restricted stock units of $28.2 million in the first nine months of 2023, compared to $22.1 million paid in the corresponding period of 2022. Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included repayments of debt of $2.6 million, compared to $11.5 million of repayments of debt in the corresponding period of 2022. These cash outflows were partially offset by cash received from the exercises of stock options issued under our long-term incentive plans and proceeds from the purchase of shares under our ESPP of $28.6 million in the first nine months of 2023, compared to $31.4 million received in the corresponding period of 2022.
Future Capital Requirements
We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, combined with our expected cash flow from operations, will be sufficient to meet our projected operating and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months and that we possess the financial flexibility to execute our strategic objectives, including the ability to make acquisitions and strategic investments in the foreseeable future. However, the invasion of Ukraine and the consequences and related measures to contain its impact have caused material disruptions in both national and global financial markets and economies. The future impact of the invasion of Ukraine and responsive measures cannot be predicted with certainty and may increase our borrowing costs and other costs of capital and otherwise adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Our ability to expand and grow our business in accordance with current plans and to meet our long-term capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate at which our cash flows increase or decrease and the availability of public and private debt and equity financing. We may require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. Our ability to generate cash is subject to our performance, general economic conditions, industry trends and other factors including the impact of the invasion of Ukraine, as described elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. To the extent that existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and operating cash flows are insufficient to fund our future activities and requirements, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing. If we issue equity securities in order to raise additional funds, substantial dilution to existing stockholders may occur. If we raise cash through the issuance of additional indebtedness, we may be subject to additional contractual restrictions on our business. There is no assurance that we would be able to raise additional funds on favorable terms or at all.
See Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” of our condensed consolidated financial statements in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)” of this Quarterly Report and “Part II. Item 7. Future Capital Requirements” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for information regarding contractual obligations.
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Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Arrangements
We do not have any material obligations under guarantee contracts or other contractual arrangements other than as disclosed in Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” of our condensed consolidated financial statements in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).” We have not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities where we have financial guarantees, subordinated retained interests, derivative instruments, or other contingent arrangements that expose us to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk, or credit risk support to us, or engages in leasing, hedging, or research and development services with us.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 “Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)” for additional information.
Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains estimates and forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, principally in “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 also contains estimates and forward-looking statements, principally in “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Our estimates and forward-looking statements are mainly based on our current expectations and estimates of future events and trends, which affect or may affect our business and operations. Those future events and trends may relate to, among other things, developments relating to the war in Ukraine and escalation of the war in the surrounding region, political and civil unrest or military action in the geographies where we conduct business and operate, difficult conditions in global capital markets, foreign exchange markets and the broader economy, and the effect that these events may have on our revenues, operations, access to capital and profitability. Although we believe that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to several risks, uncertainties and assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate and are made in light of information currently available to us. Important factors, in addition to the factors described in this quarterly report and in our Annual Report, may materially and adversely affect our results as indicated in forward-looking statements. You should read this quarterly report, our Annual Report and the documents that we have filed as exhibits hereto completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
The words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “intend,” “potential,” “might,” “would,” “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology and similar words are intended to identify estimates and forward-looking statements. Estimates and forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and, except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update, to revise or to review any estimate and/or forward-looking statement because of new information, future events or other factors. Estimates and forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. As a result of the risks and uncertainties described above, the estimates and forward-looking statements discussed in this quarterly report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 might not occur and our future results, level of activity, performance or achievements may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements due to, including, but not limited to, the factors mentioned above, and the differences may be material and adverse. Because of these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to certain market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily result from changes in concentration of credit, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In addition, our international operations are subject to risks related to differing economic conditions, civil unrest, political instability or uncertainty, military activities, broad-based sanctions, differing tax structures, and other regulations and restrictions.
Concentration of Credit and Other Credit Risks
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments and trade receivables.
We maintain our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments with financial institutions. We believe that our credit policies reflect normal industry terms and business risk. We do not anticipate non-performance by the counterparties.
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We have cash in several countries, including Ukraine and Belarus, which could be impacted by the invasion of Ukraine and where the banking sector remains subject to periodic instability; banking and other financial systems in these countries generally do not meet the banking standards of more developed markets, and bank deposits made by corporate entities are not insured. As of September 30, 2023, we had $51.7 million of cash and cash equivalents in banks in Ukraine and $37.1 million of cash and cash equivalents in banks in Belarus. Cash in Ukraine and Belarus is used for the operational needs of the local entities and cash balances change with the expected operating needs of these entities. We regularly monitor cash held in these countries and, to the extent the cash held exceeds amounts required to support our operations in these countries, we distribute the excess funds into markets with more developed banking sectors to the extent it is possible to do so. We place our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions considered stable in the region, limit the amount of credit exposure with any one financial institution and conduct ongoing evaluations of the credit worthiness of the financial institutions with which we do business. However, a banking crisis, bankruptcy or insolvency of banks that process or hold our funds, or sanctions may result in the loss of our deposits or adversely affect our ability to complete banking transactions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
Trade receivables are generally dispersed across many customers operating in different industries; therefore, concentration of credit risk is limited and we do not believe significant credit risk existed as of September 30, 2023. Though our results of operations depend on our ability to successfully collect payment from our customers for work performed, historically, credit losses and write-offs of trade receivables have not been material to our condensed consolidated financial statements. If any of our customers enter bankruptcy protection or otherwise take steps to alleviate their financial distress, our credit losses and write-offs of trade receivables could increase, which would negatively impact our results of operations.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. Exposure to interest rate risk results primarily from variable rates related to our cash and cash equivalent deposits, short-term investments, and our borrowings, mainly under our 2021 Credit Agreement, which is subject to a variety of rates depending on the currency and timing of funds borrowed. We do not believe we are exposed to material direct risks associated with changes in interest rates related to these deposits, investments and borrowings.
Foreign Exchange Risk
Our global operations are conducted predominantly in U.S. dollars. Other than U.S. dollars, we generate revenues principally in euros, British pounds, Swiss francs and Canadian dollars and incur expenditures principally in euros, Polish zlotys, Indian rupees, British pounds, Swiss francs, Mexican pesos, Hungarian forints, Colombian pesos, Canadian dollars, and Chinese yuan renminbi. As a result, exchange rate fluctuations in any of these currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could negatively impact our results of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, approximately 33.9% of consolidated revenues and 55.7% of consolidated operating expenses were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.
To manage the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and hedge a portion of our forecasted foreign currency denominated operating expenses incurred in the normal course of business, we implemented a hedging program through which we enter into a series of foreign exchange forward contracts with durations of twelve months or less that are designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted Polish zloty, Indian rupee, and Hungarian forint transactions. As of September 30, 2023, all of EPAM’s foreign exchange forward contracts, were designated as hedges and there is no financial collateral (including cash collateral) required to be posted related to the foreign exchange forward contracts.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2022, in response to the invasion of Ukraine, EPAM de-designated our Russian ruble foreign exchange forward contracts as hedges and entered into offsetting foreign exchange forward contracts with the same counterparty. The Company determined it was probable the underlying forecasted foreign currency transactions which were hedged would not occur and reclassified the accumulated loss of $43.9 million on the underlying hedge into income which is classified as foreign exchange loss in the condensed consolidated statement of income.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, foreign exchange gain was $3.9 million compared to a gain of $6.7 million reported in the corresponding period last year. Foreign exchange gain was primarily driven by the impact of fluctuations in foreign currencies on the Company’s assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.
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Management supplements results reported in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, referred to as GAAP, with non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes these measures help illustrate underlying trends in our business and uses the measures to establish budgets and operational goals, communicated internally and externally, for managing our business and evaluating its performance. When important to management’s analysis, operating results are compared on the basis of “constant currency,” which is a non-GAAP financial measure. This measure excludes the effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations by translating the current period revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars at the weighted average exchange rates of the prior period of comparison.
During the third quarter of 2023, we reported a revenue decline of 6.1% compared to the third quarter of 2022. Had our consolidated revenues been expressed in constant currency terms using the exchange rates in effect during the third quarter of 2022, we would have reported a revenue decline of 8.0%. Our revenues were positively impacted by the appreciation of the euro, British pound and Swiss franc, partially offset by the depreciation of the Russian ruble relative to the U.S. dollar. During the third quarter of 2023, we reported a decrease in income from operations of 36.7% compared to the third quarter of 2022. Had our consolidated results been expressed in constant currency terms using the exchange rates in effect during the third quarter of 2022, we would have reported a decrease in income from operations of 35.2%. Income from operations was negatively impacted by the appreciation of Polish zloty, Mexican peso and Colombian peso and positively impacted by the appreciation of the euro, British pound and Swiss franc and depreciation of Indian Rupee relative to the U.S. dollar during the third quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in the prior year.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based on management’s evaluation, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report, these officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in litigation and claims arising out of our business and operations in the normal course of business. We are not currently a party to any material legal proceeding, nor are we aware of any material legal or governmental proceedings pending or contemplated to be brought against us.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, including our significant operations in Belarus and Ukraine and the material adverse effect the invasion of Ukraine by Russia has had and may have on our operations, business, and financial results, see the risk factors disclosed under the heading “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
The risks and uncertainties that we face are not limited to those set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business and the trading price of our common stock.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On February 13, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized a repurchase program for up to $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock. EPAM may repurchase shares of its common stock on a discretionary basis from time to time through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or other means, including through the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The share repurchase program has a term of 24 months, may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and does not obligate the company to acquire any amount of common stock.
The following table provides information about the purchases of shares of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2023:
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share (1) | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| July 1 to July 31, 2023 | — | $ | — | — | $ | 450,052 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| August 1 to August 31, 2023 | 232 | $ | 239.84 | 232 | $ | 394,447 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| September 1 to September 30, 2023 | 86 | $ | 264.11 | 86 | $ | 371,566 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 318 | 318 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Average price paid per share in the period includes commission.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
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Item 5. Other Information
Insider Adoption or Termination of Trading Arrangements:
Item 6. Exhibits
| Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 31.1* | ||||||||
| 31.2* | ||||||||
| 32.1* | ||||||||
| 32.2* | ||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | |||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File - (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
| * | Exhibits filed herewith | |||||||
| † | Indicates management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements | |||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 2, 2023
| EPAM SYSTEMS, INC. | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Arkadiy Dobkin | |||||||
| Name: Arkadiy Dobkin | ||||||||
| Title: Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President (principal executive officer) | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Jason Peterson | |||||||
| Name: Jason Peterson | ||||||||
| Title: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer) | ||||||||
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EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification by Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
I, Arkadiy Dobkin, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of EPAM Systems, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: November 2, 2023
/s/ Arkadiy Dobkin | |||||
| Arkadiy Dobkin | |||||
| Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President (principal executive officer) | |||||
EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification by Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
I, Jason Peterson, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of EPAM Systems, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: November 2, 2023
| /s/ Jason Peterson | |||||
| Jason Peterson | |||||
| Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer) | |||||
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of EPAM Systems, Inc. (the "Company") for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), Arkadiy Dobkin, as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to his knowledge:
(i)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(ii)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: November 2, 2023
/s/ Arkadiy Dobkin | |||||
| Arkadiy Dobkin | |||||
| Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President (principal executive officer) | |||||
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of EPAM Systems, Inc. (the "Company") for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), Jason Peterson, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to his knowledge:
(i)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(ii)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: November 2, 2023
| /s/ Jason Peterson | |||||
| Jason Peterson | |||||
| Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer) | |||||