6-K

UNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of March 2026

Commission File Number: 001-40858

XORTX Therapeutics Inc.

3710 – 33^rd^Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2L 2M1

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F □

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit 99.1

XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.

Report of Voting Results

(Section 11.3 of National Instrument 51-102)

In accordance with section 11.3 of National Instrument 51-102 - ContinuousDisclosure Obligations, this report briefly describes the matters voted upon and the outcome of the votes at the Annual General and Special Meeting of Shareholders of XORTX Therapeutics Inc. (the “Company”) held on March 24, 2026 at the offices of the Company (the “Meeting”).

A resolution setting the number of directors of the board to five was approved. Proxies were received as follows:

The shareholders voted by way of proxy and the following nominees were elected as directors to serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders of the Company or until their successors are duly elected or appointed:

A resolution appointing Davidson & Co. LLP Chartered Professional Accountants as auditor of the Company until the next annual meeting of shareholders and authorizing the directors of the Company to fix the auditor's remuneration was approved. Proxies were received as follows:

A resolution re-approving and confirming the Company’s stock option plan as described in the management information circular dated February 25, 2026, including that the maximum number of common shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan at any given time is equal to ten percent (10%) of the issued and outstanding common shares as at the date of grant of an option under the stock option plan, was approved. Proxies were received as follows:

A resolution authorizing the Company to change the number of issued and outstanding common shares of the Company by consolidating the issued and outstanding common shares on the basis of up to five (5) pre-consolidation common shares for every one (1) post-consolidated common share in order for the Company to regain compliance with the continued listing requirements for the NASDAQ Capital Market. Proxies were received as follows:

| 2 |

| --- |

For additional information, please see the Company’s notice of meeting and information circular dated February 25, 2026 filed on SEDAR+ in connection with the Meeting.

DATED at Calgary, AB, March 26, 2026.