6-K

UNITEDSTATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Forthe month of November 2021

CommissionFile Number: 001-40858

XORTXTherapeutics Inc.

Suite 2400 - 745 Thurlow Street, Vancouver, BritishColumbia, Canada, V6E 0C5

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒  Form 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ____

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted solely to provide an attached annual report to security holders.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ____

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted to furnish a report or other document that the registrant foreign private issuer must furnish and make public under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated, domiciled or legally organized (the registrant’s “home country”), or under the rules of the home country exchange on which the registrant’s securities are traded, as long as the report or other document is not a press release, is not required to be and has not been distributed to the registrant’s security holders, and, if discussing a material event, has already been the subject of a Form 6-K submission or other Commission filing on EDGAR.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

EXHIBITINDEX

Exhibit 99.1

XORTXTherapeutics Announces Annual and Special

Meeting of Shareholders

CALGARY, AB – November 23, 2021– XORTX Therapeutics Inc. (“XORTX” or the “Company”) (TSXV: XRTX | NASDAQ: XRTX), a pharmaceutical therapeutics company focused on developing innovative therapies to treat progressive kidney disease, announces that it will hold its annual and special meeting of shareholders at 11:00 a.m. (Calgary time) on Monday, December 20, 2021 (the “Meeting”). Materials for the Meeting have been mailed to shareholders and are available on the Company’s SEDAR profile and the Company’s website.

The meeting has been called for shareholders to consider annual matters including the election of directors, re-appointment of Smythe LLP Chartered Accountants as auditors and re-approval of the Company’s 10% rolling stock option plan. The Company’s slate of directors includes Allen Davidoff, founder of XORTX and CEO, Ian Klassen, a director since 2020, recently appointed directors, William Farley and Jacqueline Le Saux, long term director, Paul Van Damme, and Raymond Pratt, MD FACP, a nominee. Bruce Rowlands will not be standing for re-election at the Meeting.

Dr. Pratt is an accomplished Physician Executive with 40 years’ experience in both clinical medicine and Nephrology. In his 25 years in the pharmaceutical industry, he has led global clinical trials, clinical pharmacology, drug safety and regulatory affairs in both large and small companies. His leadership has led to the approval of drugs for renal, hematology and CNS patients in the US and other global markets.

Dr. Allen Davidoff, President and CEO stated, “We are very pleased to have Ray Pratt agree to join the XORTX board. His training as a nephrologist, in drug development experience, and as an executive, will be an important resource for XORTX as the Company advances its clinical trials and regulatory filings and prepares for commercial program launch. On behalf of the Company and personally, we thank Bruce Rowlands for his contributions to the advancement of XORTX over the past seven years, including three year as Chairman of the Company. Bruce’s tireless efforts on behalf of the Company and our shareholders is greatly appreciated.”

Due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, governmental recommendations and/or orders for physical distancing, restrictions on group gatherings, non-essential travel and business activities, XORTX is requesting that shareholders do not attend the meeting in person. To mitigate any risks to stakeholders, employees, partners and community members, the Company will hold the Meeting by conference call. Shareholders are encouraged to cast their votes in advance by proxy.

AboutXORTX Therapeutics Inc.

XORTX Therapeutics Inc. is a pharmaceutical company with two clinically advanced products in development – XRx-008 for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), XRx-101 for Coronavirus / COVID-19 infection and XRx-225 is a pre-clinical stage program for Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (T2DN). XORTX is working to advance its clinical development stage products that target aberrant purine metabolism and xanthine oxidase to decrease or inhibit production of uric acid. At XORTX Therapeutics, we are dedicated to developing medications to improve the quality of life and future health of patients. Additional information on XORTX Therapeutics is available at www.xortx.com.

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TheTSX Venture Exchange and Nasdaq have neither approved nor disapproved the contents of this news release. No stock exchange, securitiescommission or other regulatory authority has approved or disapproved the information contained herein.

ForwardLooking Statements

This press release contains express or implied forward-looking statements pursuant to Canadian and U.S. Federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements and their implications are based on the current expectations of the management of XORTX only, and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by law, XORTX undertakes no obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. More detailed information about the risks and uncertainties affecting XORTX is contained in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the interim period ended June 30, 2020 filed on the Company’s SEDAR profile (www.sedar.com) and under the heading “Risk Factors” in XORTX’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) available on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov.