AMC Global Media Inc. Q3 FY2022 Earnings Call

Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the AMC Networks Third Quarter 2022 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker’s presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. Please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Nick Seibert, Vice President, Corporate Development and Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you. Good morning and welcome to the AMC Networks third quarter 2022 earnings conference call. Joining us this morning are Christina Spade, Chief Executive Officer; Patrick O’Connell, Chief Financial Officer; and Kim Kelleher, Chief Commercial Officer. Today’s press release is available on our website at amcnetworks.com. We will begin with prepared remarks, and then we’ll open the call for questions. Today’s call may include certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ. Please refer to AMC Networks’ SEC filings for a discussion of risks and uncertainties. The company disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements made on this call. Today, we will discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures. The required definitions and reconciliations can be found at the end of today’s press release. With that, I’d like to turn the call over to Chris.

Good morning, everyone and thank you for joining us. As I begin my new role as CEO of AMC Networks, I am proud to lead the company at one of the most exciting moments in our history on many fronts. Today, I will discuss our third quarter 2022 operating performance and our goals and strategies for future value creation based on what we are seeing in today’s landscape. Patrick O’Connell, our new CFO, who joined the company in August, will then review our financial performance in more detail. In the third quarter, we added 300,000 streaming subscribers and we now have 11.1 million total paid subscribers, representing a 44% year-over-year increase in subscribers and a 41% increase in streaming revenue. We continue to expect we will end the year with approximately 12 million total streaming subscribers. Our meaningful and consistent streaming growth has been driven by our strong content slate, coupled with our strategic marketing efforts which have been significantly evolving this year. Our third quarter results were impacted by several factors, including strong streaming growth, the timing and availability of content licensing deliveries, a softer scatter and direct response advertising market, and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts. As a result of these market indicators, we expect full year 2022 revenue growth to be flat-to-low single-digits. Due to better visibility of the timing of certain production items, we also anticipate full year free cash flow to be between breakeven and $50 million for 2022. Our year-to-date adjusted operating income margin is 28%, which reflects our consistent ability to strategically manage our investments for strong profitability. Patrick will review our guidance in greater detail shortly. AMC Networks is in the midst of an important transformation with streaming growth momentum and new opportunities that are enabling us to transition to a consumer-focused multi-platform premium content company with a strategic mix of proven and new digital distribution revenue streams. In the two years since the October 2020 launch of our premium subscription AMC+ streaming offering, we have significantly grown global distribution. With AMC+, we are offering a compelling content mix to create a very specific value proposition for viewers, centered on premium content offerings for discerning adults, which is the cornerstone of our AMC brand. With the success of AMC+ and our targeted services, Acorn, Shudder, ALLBLK, and HIDIVE, we are effectively executing a differentiated streaming strategy, super serving passionate audiences with highly curated content offerings. We are utilizing a broad array of our platforms to showcase and window our content as we fully monetize our content investment across our linear streaming and expanding digital platforms. We are leading in advanced advertising as we take advantage of new revenue opportunities, particularly in the deployment of addressable advertising and programmatic buying to forge a clear path for growth in digital advertising revenue. Underlying all of this is the strength of our content curation, driven by a diverse slate of excellent storytelling that viewers fall in love with, and they can’t live without. This is our North Star that will drive our ongoing success. Against this backdrop, we are nimbly navigating secular trends, a fast-changing and competitive marketplace, and ever-evolving consumer behaviors. I have witnessed first-hand, particularly over the past 6 months to 12 months, our ability to successfully iterate and learn from what we are seeing in the marketplace as consumers engage with our brand offering. At this juncture, we are keenly focused on strategically operating within the digital marketplace that is taking shape for the future, while also optimizing our linear assets. Ongoing success will be driven by strong execution of three key goals. First, develop, create, and curate world-class premium content tailored for our target audiences and communities to drive high engagement. Second, prioritize IP ownership to fuel our multi-platform distribution opportunities and digital growth. And third, manage winning economics and profitability for the long-term as we continue to reconstitute our revenue mix. The best and most recent example of our content strength is our successful October 2nd debut of Anne Rice’s Interview with the Vampire. We developed and launched a carefully orchestrated marketing campaign that significantly broke through to new and existing fans, utilizing our multiple distribution platforms and our awareness and performance marketing capabilities as a powerful megaphone to launch the series and our new Anne Rice Immortal Universe franchise. Our campaign kicked off earlier this year at San Diego Comic-Con, and in September, our new AMC+ brand campaign with our new Above and Beyond tagline fueled strong awareness leading into the series launch which was in tandem with the premiere of the final 8 episodes of The Walking Dead flagship series, providing us with a huge built-in audience. It has been a winning formula for us with Interview with the Vampire ranking as the most successful launch in the history of AMC+ in terms of viewership and acquisition. Parrot Analytics recently reported that since the three-week period, Interview has had nearly 25 times the demand for the average show in the US, with week-over-week increases underscoring AMC Network’s ability to punch well above our weight and create sought-after content that garners outsized attention and engagement. The critically acclaimed series is also the number one new drama on ad-supported cable for 2022 to date, demonstrating the continued strength of our linear platform, with AMC being home to 4 of the top 15 cable dramas this year in both key demos. Overall, these results are a strong validation of the coordinated efforts that supported this launch and an indication of how we are strategizing around these big content moments in the future. The next series in our Anne Rice Immortal Universe, Anne Rice’s Mayfair Witches, starring Alexandra Daddario, will premiere on January 8th, 2023 on AMC+ and AMC. Our talented team has already begun early promotion to launch this series strongly, including promotion at New York Comic-Con last month and targeted awareness marketing in Q3 and Q4. As we look forward to the last weeks of the Walking Dead flagship series, the most successful show in the history of cable television, we are excited about the growth prospects of our planned expansion of this franchise, with several new series, including The Walking Dead: Dead City, which recently wrapped production, a spin-off featuring fan-favorite Darryl Dixon, set in Paris, and also in 2023, we’ll have the return of Fear the Walking Dead for its eighth season, with more to come, including a new series starring Rick and Michonne. These new series in the Walking Dead universe will propel this vibrant and vital global franchise in exciting new ways, engaging loyal fans who continue to display affinity and enthusiasm for this universe while appealing to a whole new generation of viewers as well. I would like to spend a moment on how we have approached franchise management around both of these important properties. Within less than two years of buying the Anne Rice IP rights, we have begun to premiere two strong series in this franchise with more to come. The excellent creative team supporting this universe are already writing a second season of Interview with the Vampire, and we have Mayfair, which is produced and ready to kick off in 2023. As for the Walking Dead, yes, the flagship series is ending after 11 seasons and more than 175 episodes. But even as we mark this epic television moment, we have new stories featuring the most enthralling characters, providing a compelling entry point for new fans. So we have two things happening at the same time in our company as it relates to effective franchise management and our long-term IP ownership strategy. The successful launch of a powerful universe and the effective management of an iconic one, enabling us to serve existing fans while opening the door to new fans, fueling the continued growth of our franchise communities. For our targeted streaming platforms, Acorn, Shudder, ALLBLK, and HIDIVE, we are highly focused on acquiring, retaining, and engaging subscribers with a profitable lifetime value, and optimizing our content refresh rate to give us the greatest potential to have an impact with new and existing subscribers. With our targeted strategy, we offer an array of content that is diverse and enables us to build affinity-based loyal communities in a cost-efficient manner, putting us firmly on a path for profitability and strong lifetime value of subscriber performance. Our second goal is to prioritize content ownership to fuel maximum multi-platform revenue monetization. Content ownership, including maintaining global rights, provides us with key benefits to fully maximize all of the revenue streams from our content investments across all window distribution platforms. Strategically prioritizing content ownership, especially for our franchises, provides optionality in terms of windowing content across their efficient and dynamic ecosystem of owned platforms. And as we continue to expand internationally, this creates the opportunity to license our content to third parties when and if it makes sense to do so. As the distribution and streaming landscape continues to evolve, our digital platforms are evolving and expanding, creating new avenues for monetizing our high-quality content and tying to our third goal, maximizing the value of new digital opportunities and taking full advantage of the strength of our linear television business as we manage winning economics and profitability. We are utilizing our deep content libraries as we lean into the FAST and AVOD space. And we now have 14 FAST channels on 7 leading platforms, including Roku, Pluto, Samsung, VIZIO, Plex, Sling, and Comcast Xumo. Our linear networks are outpacing other cable networks by a wide margin, demonstrating the strength of our channel portfolio. For the first nine months of the year, the primetime average delivery across our five linear networks matches our performance across the first nine months of 2021, outperforming the wider landscape in which cable networks on average are down 13% year-to-date. Our linear networks and our digital platforms are a complete strategic distribution ecosystem that we use in a dynamic way to elevate our popular and acclaimed content and use it to reach our fans, particularly younger and digitally savvy viewers. This ecosystem allows us to effectively and efficiently window our content, one of the foundations and core strengths of the television business, and also to apply new tech-enabled areas of monetization. In particular, we are seeing strong growth year-over-year in digital advertising, which is increasingly becoming a meaningful revenue category for us. Relative to affiliate distribution, we have an expanding array of long-standing and mutually beneficial partnership relationships that strengthen everything we do. Yesterday, we expanded our partnership with Roku to feature AMC Networks’ high-quality original programming, FAST channels, and targeted streaming services across Roku’s broad and growing ecosystem. This agreement highlights the value we bring to our distribution partners with our premium content and platforms. Internationally, we are proceeding with an opportunistic approach, leveraging the strength and reach of our strong global partner relationships. We are launching AMC+ in international markets, including new launches in the third quarter in Australia and New Zealand through strategic partnerships. Overall, we are mindful that the most effective way to successfully navigate the dynamic and evolving consumer landscape is to focus on the needs and interests of consumers and on our ability to super-serve fans of our content with the entertainment they love and value. We will continue to innovate strategically and opportunistically and balance the importance of driving winning economics with profitability for the long-term. I would like to take a moment to acknowledge and thank our talented global AMC Networks team for all they are doing to drive our success. And I would like to officially introduce Patrick as our new CFO. It is an honor to be working with Patrick again. I have no doubt that his proven track record for strong and strategic financial leadership will serve us well and will be a driving force for further value creation for AMC Networks.

Thank you, Chris, and good morning, everyone. It’s great to be working with Chris again. Having spent a couple of months taking a deep look at our business, it’s clear to me that AMC Networks’ unique assets and capabilities, coupled with our nimble strategic approach position us to succeed as the landscape shifts and consumer behaviors evolve. AMC Networks, a strong studio and original programming powerhouse occupies a unique position in the media ecosystem, punching above our weight class with culture-defining entertainment and a differentiated streaming business model that sets us apart. As Chris mentioned, our foundation rests upon carefully curated world-class programming for discerning and passionate audiences. Nevertheless, we’re keenly aware of both the secular shifts and the macro headwinds the industry faces and are taking a prudent path where we see strategic and financial opportunities as we calibrate investment levels and profitability. Strategically, we will continue to super-serve our target audiences. Financially, we will continue to monetize AMC Studio’s owned IP on our platforms and on others, and maintain our disciplined approach regarding programming investments and expense management. Now I will review our third quarter 2022 financial results. Consolidated revenue decreased by 16% to $682 million, largely driven by the timing and availability of content licensing deliveries, lower affiliate and advertising revenues, and unfavorable foreign currency translation, partly offset by strong streaming revenue growth of 41%. Consolidated adjusted operating income decreased by 14% to $194 million, with a margin of 28%, reflecting lower revenue, partly offset by lower operating expenses and SG&A, driven by disciplined cost management and the timing of our content and marketing investments. Adjusted earnings per share were $2.09. For our segments, domestic operations revenue decreased 14% to $587 million driven mainly by delivery and timing related to content licensing. Domestic operations content licensing revenue decreased 63% to $58 million due to fewer deliveries in the third quarter. As we have previously stated, the timing of full year content licensing revenue remains heavily weighted to the fourth quarter. In the third quarter, we delivered fewer episodes of The Walking Dead and Fear the Walking Dead, both of which were strong contributors in the prior year quarter. In 2022, these titles are delivering content licensing revenues in the fourth quarter. Domestic operations subscription revenue growth of 8% was driven by continued strong streaming performance. Paid streaming subscribers grew 44% year-over-year to 11.1 million at the end of the quarter. We are also beginning to realize the benefits of the price increases in May 2022 for Acorn and ALLBLK. Streaming revenue grew 41%, more than offsetting affiliate revenue declines. Domestic affiliate revenues declined in the mid-single digits, driven by subscriber universe declines, partly offset by contractual rate increases. Domestic operations advertising revenue decreased 10% to $180 million, primarily due to lower linear viewership, softer scatter and direct response markets, and fewer original hours, partly offset by digital and advanced advertising revenue growth. Domestic operations adjusted operating income of $207 million representing a 35% margin decreased 11%. The decrease in AOI from the prior year was primarily attributable to revenue performance and partly offset by lower operating expenses, including lower programming and marketing investments. For our international and other third-quarter results, revenue decreased 24% to $99 million, the result of lower distribution and advertising revenues, and unfavorable foreign currency translation. Excluding the impact of FX, revenue decreased 16%. International and other distribution revenue decreased 22% to $82 million, primarily due to the timing of production of 25/7 Media and unfavorable FX. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, distribution and other revenues decreased 15%. International and other advertising revenues decreased 31% to $17 million primarily due to the planned wind-down of two channels in the UK, the unfavorable impact of FX and softer ratings in the UK. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, advertising revenues decreased 20%. International and other adjusted operating income decreased 40% to $13 million in the quarter, reflecting decreased revenue and unfavorable impact of FX. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, adjusted operating income decreased 36%. Next, moving to consolidated free cash flow and the balance sheet. Free cash flow for the third quarter of 2022 was $4 million reflecting the current timing of productions for our 2023 and 2024 content slates. We ended the third quarter with net debt and finance leases of approximately $2.1 billion. Our consolidated net leverage ratio was 3 times at quarter end, and we remain comfortable with our balance sheet and current leverage ratio. Our capital allocation policy remains unchanged. First, we will look to invest organically in projects that provide attractive returns to our shareholders. This includes return-based investments in our streaming services. Second, we will maintain leverage that is appropriate for our business outlook. Third, we will consider disciplined strategic M&A. And fourth, we will be opportunistic in returning capital to shareholders. Moving to our subscriber outlook for 2022. We continue to expect that our year-end total subscribers will approximate $12 million, driven by the strength of our fourth quarter programming. Regarding our financial outlook for the full year 2022, we anticipate total company revenue growth to be flat-to-low single-digits, driven by the current ad market and foreign exchange headwinds. And we continue to expect year-over-year growth in both subscription and content licensing revenues. Adjusted operating income will be approximately 10% lower than 2021, consistent with our prior guidance due to strategic investments in programming and marketing. Moving to our free cash flow outlook. We expect to deliver free cash flow between breakeven and $50 million for the full year of 2022, reflecting our current revenue outlook and the timing of certain production items. On our programming spending, while quarter-to-quarter timing will vary, it is important to note that we do not anticipate material increases to our current full-year programming investment levels. In summary, we believe in the value of world-class, carefully curated content that super-serves our targeted audiences and we’ll continue to be careful and thoughtful stewards of capital as we focus on balancing investments in growth and the maintenance of strong profitability. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.

And thank you. Please indicate your question in the queue. And our first question comes from Tim Nollen from Macquarie. Your line is now open.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. I’ll just ask one, but I may have a couple of parts to it. It’s about your new deal with Roku. Interesting to see 11 FAST channels, I think, launching there. Could you just maybe remind us what you have with other FAST services? And then how incremental this Roku deal might be for you? And then another part to the question is, Roku has had some issues lately with its ad revenues dropping. I think some of that is due to its reliance on insertion orders. You, by contrast, I think, have some pretty interesting developed advanced advertising programmatic efforts underway. And I wonder if you could speak a little bit to what you might be doing in this Roku deal with those? Thanks.

Hi, Tim, this is Kim Kelleher. Thanks for your question. We’re excited about this partnership that we announced with Roku yesterday. You’re absolutely right, it’s 11 channels, we will start to go live on the 15th of November. This does round out the 7 platforms that we’re currently on, as Chris mentioned, Pluto TV, Sling TV, Samsung TV Plus, Vizio SmartCast, Plex, and Comcast Xumo. Sales rates are an important part of our strategy. We work in partnership with the platforms that distribute our channels. And one thing that AMC Networks does very differently, I think, overall than others is really optimizing our channel performance in a very concerted partnership way. We do all the programming and scheduling with our partners of these channels, constantly tweaking, constantly regular going back and making sure that we’re creating a viewer experience that is optimal and representative of our brands. As Chris also mentioned, these channels are drawing a very fast-growing younger new audience or viewers to our content. You know one thing that I would say, to answer the second part of your question is, as we continue to roll this out, our programming strategies continue to drive the different verticals that we see, and we see a lot of opportunity for growth. You know we have other genres and segments that we have yet to launch in, and we see this continuing to be a big opportunity.

Thanks.

And thank you. And our next question comes from Thomas Yeh from Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.

Thanks so much. Chris, you mentioned the success of Anne Rice on both new growth starts and existing subscribers. Can you talk a bit about how you see the overlap or the incrementality of your franchise TAMs between the Walking Dead and now Vampire? Is the subscriber opportunity that you see for AMC+ retention-based? Or are we thinking about trying to build a bigger TAM and target more audiences across different spheres? And then a follow-up. Can you talk about how unit economics for the international distribution for AMC+, I mean, in light of some of the news from Stars last night about exiting some of the international markets? It seems like it’s a tough space to scale in. So, any color on profitability abroad would be really helpful. Thank you so much.

Thank you, Thomas. I appreciate your questions. Your first part question about the Anne Rice IP and how it overlaps with the Walking Dead. So relative to our AMC+ and AMC brands, our new tagline is specifically designed with the testing that we did to really show that we are offering above and beyond content that everyone out there who’s consuming streaming content, you’re taking up important and precious time to watch streaming and you want an escape. You want something that’s going to take you to a different world. And so we’re really trying to play into that consumer’s interest in being entertained in that way. And so the Walking Dead franchise and the Anne Rice Immortal Universe franchise really play into that. So there is some overlap across the franchises, but what we’re seeing is, where we have the iconic Walking Dead franchise, there are lots of vested fans already in that space. Some of what I’ve honestly heard is that, we’re up to season 11 in the flagship series, and people are saying, you know I’ve never watched Season 1, so no, I’m not going to really spend the time to get into it. And the other thing we’re seeing is a lot of people are watching Season 1 and they’re getting addicted to it. And the interesting thing with the Walking Dead Universe is because it has been around for so long, and it is so iconic, even with this 11th season, we designed the 11th season in a way that you could just pick up watching episode 1 of season 11. And you may not know everything going on in episode 1, but you will pretty quickly understand who’s who. And then you will still be able to truly enjoy the finale on November 20th. And so as the flagship series comes to a close there, we are now pivoting to have additional series in that universe that we’re seeing will hopefully captivate new fans and engage the existing ones. And Interview with the Vampire, we are seeing that we’re captivating a younger audience. We’re also captivating all the levers of the IP that have read all the books. You know I’m one of them. When I was in high school and college, I read all that IP, and I loved it. And I’m so proud of what we’ve done with Interview with the Vampire. I think Anne Rice, God rest her soul, hopefully, is proud of what we’ve done as well. So we’re really looking at expanding our total addressable market. You know I guess that’s a long way to answer your question that we are looking to expand the TAM and not narrowly define it. Relative to international distribution, our strategy continues to be that we will not really spend a lot of money investing in the beginning. We will launch with our partners and it has been a good approach for us because it requires low investment to launch with the bigger partners that are out there, Amazon and Apple and then even local bigger partners in each of the regions, Orange in Spain is a good example of that. And so as we see how those markets take shape, we are then selectively launching our direct-to-consumer apps in regions that we see we will have and generate good lifetime value there. But our approach is not trying to be everywhere at any cost. It’s really about what are the economics that work for us and does it make sense for us to expand there. And that will be a longer-term strategy that will play out, and we like what we’re doing there already, and I think it will continue to expand in a way that maximizes profitability.

And thank you. And our next question comes from Michael Morris from Guggenheim Securities. Your line is now open.

Hi, thank you very much. Good morning, guys. I have two questions. My first one, I guess, maybe is for Chris, and it’s about your distribution decisions of this content, right that maximizing the multi-platform sort of monetization. It feels like the industry is as complex as ever, and the decisions you need to make are as complex as ever. So maybe can you update us on how you are deciding? You know how you’re prioritizing where things go? And whether that prioritization has shifted, if you expect it to shift? I’m really just interested in terms of how you think about making the most of this content that you decide the order in which or the destinations you want to monetize it through? And then my second question is perhaps for Patrick on free cash flow. You know the guidance for the full year is a relatively low free cash flow conversion compared to your historical trend. So I’m curious if you could just talk about why free cash flows are lower this year? And how you think about longer-term conversion, whether you think historical levels are achievable or whether there’s a new normal with respect to that metric? Thank you.

Thanks, Mike. I appreciate the questions. Relative to our distribution decisions for content, you know our segments are deliberately set up in the way they are with our domestic operations, including the power of all of our distribution revenue streams. You know I’ll use Interview with the Vampire as an example that we make a significant investment in the original series where we own global rights. And then we look to carefully window it out that we can go across each of the windows of the platforms to optimize the return that we’re going to get on the investment over the life cycle of the show, which the Anne Rice IP, as it’s coming together, especially with that show, and as we have more seasons of it, it will become important evergreen content for the future as well. So as you think about the windowing, we make an investment in original series or even original films for the IFC films where we have long-term rights, for example, and then we look at each window. You know we will, right now, our approach is that we, for AMC and AMC+ series, we put it first on AMC and AMC+ and use that megaphone and that’s in the US. And then we’re also doing it on a linear basis in international markets that we’re in. But then as it moves through the windowing chain, we will look to monetize it in any way we can. So also for Interview with the Vampire as an example, any place that we don’t have AMC+, we will look to optimize and license those rights if we’re not going to be in that market anytime soon. And so we’re constantly looking at all of that. But we’re looking at our windowing and our optimization more for the long-term and the short-term. We’re not kind of really looking at like, hey, we can quickly sell this and get some more money for the quarter. We’re really looking at how do we make the most of this for the long-term and then make sure that it will be there for us in our library that we can also benefit from it for the future. And it is shifting. You know I think your point is right on. It continues to shift, and it will continue to shift. And that’s where I think our nimbleness is very important in the sense that we’re constantly looking at what is happening in the marketplace and how can we possibly make the most of it with what’s going on in a way that stays true to our long-term strategy.

Thanks, Chris.

Michael, on your free cash flow point, you know obviously we took the guidance down for this year. There are a couple of factors in there. If I unpack it a little bit. Some of it is just a flow-through, obviously, you know from the weaker revenue we see on the advertising side. There’s a bit of noise on the production side. We don’t time productions over quarters or years. And so there’s a bit of that. And frankly, there’s a little bit of kind of working capital where we don’t always control the timing of certain tax credit receipts, et cetera. So that’s the reason we’re taking the free cash flow guidance down a little bit this year. In terms of going forward, obviously, we’ve made the decision to be very disciplined in our content and programming investment. We think we will – that will certainly continue to be the case. We are also taking a focused and disciplined approach to programming individual channels across our channel efficiency. And I think as these products evolve and we continue to see the programming efficiency that’s sort of - and that is attached to these sort of super-served platforms, we think we’ll see the benefits of that. You know going forward as you’ve heard us say, we’re very much focused on a multi-platform monetization model. And so we’re very much focused on driving margins going forward and driving as much margin and free cash flow out of the business as possible.

And thank you. Our next question comes from Michael Nathanson from MN Research. Your line is now open.

Great, thanks. Good morning, everyone. I have three for you on streaming. The first is, you noted you took a price increase in the spring. I’m wondering, any update on churn post the price increase? What have you seen? Secondly, an update internationally on what markets you’re going to launch in Q4? And any outlook on ‘23 for what markets that you still have to come for international launches for streaming? And lastly, one of the pictures we’ve heard on FAST is that, it helps to be a linchpin or launching pad for new streaming subscribers. So can you talk a bit about what you’ve seen in your other platforms as you’ve launched FAST and what has been the conversion rate from FAST to paid subscribers?

Good morning, Michael. Thanks for your questions. Relative to the price increases that we took for Acorn and ALLBLK, we really didn’t see any significant churn. It was fairly stable. I stick to what I said on the last call that I was really thinking that maybe we should have increased it by $2 because it has been stable. And so I think that was a good move for us. And we continue to look at pricing and how the pricing relates to our subscribers. We obviously want to have the best value proposition we can for our subscribers, but we also want to maximize our top-line performance. And so churn as you indicate, is a key part of that. And it is the key factor to think about when we’re looking at what our price point should be. On the international front, we don’t really have any additional news to put out for what’s coming down the pike. But as we look to what our partners are doing and as we explore different markets, there will be more to announce there for the future. And then I’ll turn it over to Kim for the FAST question.

Thanks, Chris. It’s a great question. You know on certain closed-loop distribution platforms like Samsung TV Plus and the other OEMs where you can watch supported AVOD channels or FAST channels and subscribe to our services, we’re seeing real benefits to those closed-loop systems. And we’re seeing – actually, it’s really the funnel of younger, more digitally savvy viewership coming in through the top of the funnel and then being able to, within the same ecosystem, push them through promotion in partnership with the platform directly into our services targeted and AMC+. So we are starting to see the FAST channels are driving subscriptions within the platform environment.

Okay. And can you just go back to a question for Patrick. On – Patrick a question on free cash flow. You know on my last question, the question I have is, are you looking to actually optimize free cash flow? Or is this psychology of, look, we have an opportunity to keep growing? You know managing the cash the way we used to do in the business may not be the most strategic decision given the opportunity you have to grow. So how do you balance kind of the need to deliver cash flow for us versus the opportunity you see in reinvesting that cash flow for growth, which you’re sharing today?

Yeah, sure. Thanks, Michael. Listen, from a capital allocation standpoint, we’re – you know we clearly continue to invest in the business. I would say we are titrating that investment, however. You know, obviously we’ve got a linear ecosystem that is shrinking. And we’ve got a digital ecosystem that is fluctuating. And so as that shifts, we want to be, approach the investment and watch really closely what is gaining traction and what offers the best return for us. And so we’re going to remain very, very focused on that.

And thank you. And I am showing no further questions. I would now like to turn the call back over to Nick for closing remarks.

Thank you very much, everyone for joining us today and thank you for the interest in AMC Networks. This concludes the call. Have a good day.

Thank you. This concludes today’s conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.