CDXS · Codexis, Inc. · Insider Trading

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 119,582 restricted stock units.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 7,707 restricted stock units.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to all of the shares subject to the award on the earlier of the first anniversary of the date of grant or the next annual stockholder meeting, subject to the director's continued service to the Company on such vesting date.

The sale reported on this Form 4 was effected to cover tax liability incurred due to the vesting and release of Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") held by the Reporting Person.

Includes 31,897 RSUs.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 23,299 RSUs.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to 25% of the shares subject thereto on the first anniversary of the grant date, and with respect to 1/48th of the original number of shares subject thereto on each monthly anniversary thereafter, subject to the Reporting Person's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to 25% of the shares subject thereto on the first anniversary of the grant date, and with respect to 1/48th of the original number of shares subject thereto on each monthly anniversary thereafter, subject to the Reporting Person's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to 25% of the shares subject thereto on the first anniversary of the grant date, and with respect to 1/48th of the original number of shares subject thereto on each monthly anniversary thereafter, subject to the Reporting Person's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 24,374 restricted stock units.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 136,249 restricted stock units.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 35,799 restricted stock units.

The sale reported on this Form 4 was effected to cover tax liability incurred due to the vesting and release of Restricted Stock Units held by the Reporting Person.

Includes 41,633 restricted stock units.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.65 - $1.7101 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.65 - $1.7101 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.73 - $1.7715 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.73 - $1.7715 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7316 - $1.75699 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7316 - $1.75699 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

This transaction was executed in multiple trades in prices ranging from $1.55 to $1.615, inclusive. The price reported in Column 4 above reflects the weighted average sale price. The Reporting Person hereby undertakes to provide to the Securities and Exchange Commission staff, the Issuer, or a security holder of the Issuer, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each respective price within the range set forth in this footnote.

Includes 40,983 restricted stock units.

This option vests and becomes exercisable with respect to 25% of the shares subject thereto on the first anniversary of the grant date, and with respect to 1/48th of the original number of shares subject thereto on each monthly anniversary thereafter, subject to the Reporting Person's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates.

These restricted stock units vest as to 1/3rd of the shares on each annual anniversary of the grant date, subject to the Reporting Person's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates.

Includes 145,208 restricted stock units.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.9005 - $1.9905 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.935 - $2.0035 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.9005 - $1.9905 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.9005 - $1.9905 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.935 - $2.0035 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

The sale reported on this Form 4 was effected to cover tax liability incurred due to the vesting and release of Restricted Stock Units held by the Reporting Person.

Includes 72,880 restricted stock units.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

This transaction was executed in multiple trades in prices ranging from $1.7550 to $1.90, inclusive. The price reported in Column 4 above reflects the weighted average purchase price. The Reporting Person hereby undertakes to provide to the Securities and Exchange Commission staff, the Issuer, or a security holder of the Issuer, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares purchased at each respective price within the range set forth in this footnote.

Includes 2,000 shares acquired under the issuer's Employee Stock Purchase Plan on May 10, 2025.

Includes 2,000 shares acquired under the issuer's Employee Stock Purchase Plan on November 10, 2025.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Securities owned by a separately managed account (the "Managed Account"). As the portfolio manager of the Managed Account, Opaleye may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Managed Account.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.68 - $1.71 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.70 - $1.75 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

The price reported in column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $1.7696 - $1.81 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide, upon request by the SEC staff, the issuer, or a security holder of the issuer, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each price.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 33,333 restricted stock units.

The shares were sold solely to satisfy tax or other government withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of shares subject to Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") of the Issuer.

Includes 33,333 restricted stock units.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.

Represents securities owned directly by Opaleye, L.P. (the "Fund"). As the investment manager of the Fund, Opaleye Management Inc. may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned directly by the Fund.

Opaleye Management Inc. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the filing of this Form 4 shall not be construed as an admission that Opaleye Management Inc. is the beneficial owner of any such shares for purposes of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or for any other purpose.