Greetings and welcome to Energy Recovery’s Q4 Earnings Conference Call. Please note this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Jim Siccardi, Vice President of Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.

Good afternoon, everyone and welcome to Energy Recovery’s 2020 fourth quarter and full year earnings conference call. My name is Jim Siccardi, Vice President of Investor Relations at Energy Recovery. And I am here today with our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Bob Mao; and our Chief Financial Officer, Joshua Ballard. During today’s call, we may make projections and other forward-looking statements under the Safe Harbor provisions contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding future events or the future financial performance of the company. These statements may discuss our business, economic and market outlook, the company’s ability to commercialize VorTeq, growth expectations, new products and the performance, cost structure and business strategy. Forward-looking statements are based on information currently available to us and on management’s beliefs, assumptions, estimates or projections. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors. We refer you to documents the company files from time to time with the SEC, specifically the company’s Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. These documents identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in our projections or forward-looking statements. All statements made during this call are made only as of today, March 11, 2021 and the company expressly disclaims any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements made during this call to reflect subsequent events or circumstances unless otherwise required by law. At this point, I would like to turn the call over to our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Bob Mao. Bob, the floor is yours.

Thank you, Jim and thank you everyone for joining us today. I want to start today’s call as I did last quarter, at the beginning of the pandemic, with the sincere hope that everyone listening and your families are safe and healthy. Although the past year has been challenging for everyone, I am happy to report that the Energy Recovery team and our business remain healthy and strong. Our goal has always been to protect the lives and livelihood of our team. We have robust testing and monitoring protocols in place for all our manufacturing sites. To our knowledge, there has been no spread of COVID-19 at our facilities. It is a testament to our team that we were able to keep everyone safe, even while producing and selling a record number of PXs. Beyond these achievements, our continued evolution as a company is exciting. We have settled into our long-term strategy, which is expanding the operating range of our pressure exchange strategy and introducing it to new industries outside of desalination. As an example, we diversified our water product offering with the introduction of our Ultra PX Energy Recovery device for use in industrial wastewater treatment. We are now partnering with a leading global membrane manufacturer, DuPont Water Solutions, to market our product in this space. We also issued our first ESG report, formalizing the focus we have always had on environmental sustainability. Our efforts around this path led to an A rating by Morgan Stanley MSCI. We know there is more we can do to be a good global corporate citizen and we will continue to update you on our ESG efforts in 2021. Finally, in recognition of our achievements, Forbes named Energy Recovery as number 16 in its list of top 100 small-cap companies and IR Magazine short-listed us for top Investor Relations department for small-cap companies. I am proud of how the team responded to 2020’s challenges. But I am not surprised. The evolution underway at Energy Recovery is what I envisioned when I accepted the permanent role of President and CEO. We are now building off our momentum from 2020 and are positioned to deliver another great year in 2021 and beyond. In today’s call, I will update you on our base desalination business, industrial wastewater, VorTeq and our emerging incubation projects. With that, let’s begin with desalination, where we once again generated a record year of revenue despite the global pandemic. Our mega project channel remained strong throughout the year. Mega projects were the main driver of our 27% water revenue growth in 2020, beating the 25% outlook we had maintained throughout the year. We anticipate this segment to lead the way again in 2021 and 2022 as large-scale projects are built to meet the needs of a thirsty world. We are also seeing concrete proof of the technology shift from thermal to reverse osmosis in our revenue and backlog, which should further drive growth. Then we affirm the outlook of what we offered during our third quarter call: a 10% growth in 2021 and up to 25% growth in 2022. Over the last year, we have repeatedly spoken of the secular shift in global water demand. Water scarcity is growing in communities across the globe and seawater reverse osmosis desalination is a drought-proof option to deliver water in water scarce locations. Governments around the world are seeking solutions to the water needs of their people, which is leading to further growth in seawater reverse osmosis. As countries evaluate their path forward, many are prioritizing sustainable solutions. This is where our PX can add significant value. The PX generates no emissions in operating and reduces the energy intensity of seawater reverse osmosis. It decreases energy use by up to 60%, making seawater reverse osmosis far more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable. Importantly, our customers do not have to compromise on quality for sustainability. The reliability, efficiency and lifetime value proposition of our PX make seawater reverse osmosis the most trusted and widely used Energy Recovery device. This win-win value proposition in desalination supports our strategy to apply the PX to other verticals to improve efficiency and environmental sustainability. I will now talk in more detail about our new product applications, starting in industrial wastewater. Since we announced the Ultra PX Energy Recovery device late last year, we received two orders. The first has already been shipped to India and is expected to be commissioned by midyear and the second is scheduled to be shipped to China by the second quarter. We also hosted a successful webinar yesterday with DuPont, as part of our partnership agreement to drive market acceptance of ultra-high-pressure reverse osmosis or RO for short. Our Ultra PX can significantly reduce the energy needs, costs and the environmental impacts of treating industrial wastewater in RO applications. RO is increasingly used to achieve zero and minimal liquid discharge treatment requirements. The ELD and MLD systems aim to eliminate or minimize wastewater discharge by purifying and recycling concentrated industrial wastewater. In traditional ELD and MLD setups, up to 50% of the costs come from costly and energy-intensive thermal treatments. ELD and MLD systems adopting RO have lower energy intensity and potentially generate significant cost savings; adding our Ultra PX makes RO even more attractive compared to the thermal option. Given this, we believe our Ultra PX has the potential to make RO the preferred treatment option to achieve ELD and MLD treatment requirements, just as our PX helped RO to become the leading method for seawater desalination. Where we sit today? RO adoption in industrial wastewater treatment is in the early stages. However, environmental regulations are beginning to drive growth and we believe regulatory changes combined with companies’ own ESG commitments will push this new segment forward. Sectors such as metals and mining, canning, chemicals, pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and others could all benefit from RO as a means to remove toxins from industrial wastewater. As this demand emerges, we expect to be in a similar position to desalination; that is prepared to meet customers’ demands and positioned as the industry solution of choice. We are actively building our team and sales pipeline in Asia and increasing our marketing efforts. We are excited about this new business line and see it as further proof of our ability to deliver solutions that make industrial processes efficient and sustainable. Now, we turn to VorTeq. Over the past few quarters, we have stated that we must successfully complete 2 to 3 light well fracs, validate our value proposition, and maximize the life of the PX cartridges. As a reminder, if we do not pass any one of the three hurdles, we do not have a commercialized product. Let’s begin with the light well fracs. We are pleased to announce that we have completed the first light frac in Texas and we are currently participating in a frac operation for a multi-well pad field trial in New Mexico. Our first trial was a small refrac on a vertical well. That job was like a dress rehearsal for the multi-well pad and large frac stages. Since March 1, we have been outside at a multi-well pad owned by one of the largest independent oil producers in the United States. We have experienced challenges, which represent valuable learning for us as we work to fine-tune the technology. By the end of the day on Sunday, March 7, VorTeq was utilized in 10 frac stages. We expect to continue for an additional 50 to 100 stages. In these stages, we will accumulate data to further validate our work on all three hurdles. You can expect a more comprehensive report at the next earnings call in 8 weeks, as the frac completes and we are able to fully evaluate the data. As a reminder, cartridge life remains the key hurdle to success. Cartridges and the maintenance of them are the main cost drivers for the VorTeq. We consider R&D to now be complete on the VorTeq. However, manufacturing the cartridges remains a real challenge for commercialization. We still have work to do to prove that we can produce cartridges profitably. In addition, field engineering will continue as we work to improve the VorTeq in the field. If you remember, we committed to commercialize by midyear this year and/or cease investing. We remain on that schedule. And the coming weeks will prove pivotal to define our next steps. Let’s now move on to our future PX applications. Last quarter, I explained how Energy Recovery is transitioning into a growth company based on our versatile pressure exchangers. As a reminder, this technology can handle relatively clean to dirty liquids at pressures from 1,000 pounds per square inch to over 10,000 psi. Today, I would like to talk about the work our team has done to expand the sandbox within which the pressure exchanger operates. Specifically, we have now proven that the PX can also expand and compress gas, therefore widening the parameters of our sandbox. This technical achievement opens up potential applications and industries where our technology could provide significant energy savings, such as refrigeration, air conditioning, power generation, and liquid natural gas. Our first target is to address the challenges faced in industrial and commercial refrigeration. The refrigeration industry is facing a shift in technology, as regulation phases out refrigerants like hydrofluorocarbon known as HFCs and replaces them with natural refrigerants, such as carbon-dioxide. Within our defined 12-month period, we have technically proven that PX is capable of processing gas as needed in the refrigeration cycle. While we do not have a commercial product yet, we believe this PX can serve as a critical solution for this industry by helping to reduce the energy costs inherent in utilizing natural refrigerants, such as CO2; the PX can potentially create real value for the customers much as we have in desalination. We are, of course, mindful of our 2-year deadline to commercialize a new technology. Over the next 12 months, we will provide a deeper discussion on this topic as we proceed. In summary, the momentum with which we ended 2020 has carried into the new year. Our desalination business continued to ride the secular wave of demand. We are excited to join DuPont in marketing the benefits of RO as a means to gain acceptance for industrial wastewater solutions. At VorTeq, we have the unit onsite and operating as a live well, and we have extended the operating sandbox of PX to handle gases, opening up potential solutions to advance the environmental sustainability of new markets. I look forward to providing further updates on our progress when I speak with you next in 8 weeks’ time. And with that, I will hand it over to Josh.

Thank you, Bob. The dynamics in our revenue that I described last quarter, with mega projects leading growth and OEM and aftermarket showing weakness, played out through the end of the year as expected. Mega project sales grew 75% in 2020, while OEM and aftermarket ended the year having decreased 31% and 18% respectively. As I mentioned last quarter, the weakness in the OEM and aftermarket channels was entirely due to the impacts of COVID-19, which especially affected our travel and hospitality markets. As we look forward to this fiscal year’s revenue, we expect a different set of dynamics in 2021. We expect NPD will continue to grow, but the growth will likely be more tempered this year in the range of 6% to 12%, before likely accelerating in 2022. Due to the ongoing pandemic, it is unclear whether our OEM and aftermarket channels will return to their highs in 2019, but we do not expect them to continue to decline. Our revenue will also likely be recognized in a different quarterly cadence this year, whereas in 2020, revenue was more heavily weighted to the final two quarters. In 2021, we expect more of a dumbbell result. Q1 and Q4 should be very strong, accounting for as much as 60% to 65% of revenue, while the remaining 35% to 40% of revenue will be split between two considerably smaller second and third quarters. This cadence is entirely being driven by the timing of mega project shipments and is another example of the lack of seasonality in our business. We are pleased that we ended 2020 at 69% gross margin, which is in the middle of the guidance we provided for the year. Despite losses due to manufacturing slowdowns early in the pandemic, we were able to claw back a good portion of the lost manufacturing and ended the year in a good place. As I mentioned last quarter, we expect gross margin of between 68% and 70% this year. Our operating expenditures grew at a much slower pace in 2020, while overall OpEx grew 6%. Once you factor out the $2.3 million impairment charge related to the termination of the Schlumberger agreement, our recurring OpEx grew less than 2%. Some of that lower growth was due to reduced spend related to COVID-19, such as the 14% reduction in sales and marketing spend from less travel, trade shows and other marketing events. However, a significant portion also came from a decrease in R&D activities related to VorTeq. Looking at the quarterly trend of oil and gas R&D spend, you will see that we peaked in the first half of 2020 and the second half of the year spend was nearly half that of the first. I provided guidance on our OpEx on the last earnings call and have no changes to that guidance as of today. We closed the year with an increased cash and securities balance of $115 million. Our cash for 2021 is expected to stay roughly level, but depending on Q4 collections, could increase as high as $120 million to $125 million. Because of our increasing cash balances, we have made the decision to begin a share buyback program. The total program will be for $50 million beginning over the next week, with no specific term in place. The buybacks will be done in the market, and we will seek to maximize the number of shares that we purchased. I would also like to give you a heads up as to some changes coming to how we present information in our filings. Beginning in the first quarter, we will transition our oil and gas business unit into a new category that we are calling emerging technologies. This business unit will include not only our VorTeq activities but also our incubation efforts in refrigeration, new and enabling technologies as well as other new products that have not yet been fully realized in the market. We believe this will better highlight to our shareholders how we are investing in the new products and how we will create value over the long-term on these investments. Our new Ultra PX product line will be rolled up into our water business unit for reporting purposes. You will note changes in our 10-K to be filed tomorrow in our business section, outlining this new structure, but new financial reporting will start only in the first quarter. We have also begun to include sales channel information in both our press release and financial filings in light of the importance of these channels and how they affect our growth and profitability. My final comments relate to our team. Although everyone is a bit tired, as I am sure you are as well, our team has held up admirably. Roughly three-fourths of our employees are regularly working onsite today. We have been actively preparing our offices in California to allow the remaining members to return as restrictions are eased in the coming months, including an upgrade to our HVAC system for better airflow, increased office space to allow for easier social distancing, temperature testing, weekly testing of all onsite employees, and strict adherence to CDC guidelines. We look forward to getting everyone back onsite in the coming weeks and months. Thank you.

Our first question comes from Jason Bandel with Evercore ISI. Please go ahead with your question.

Thanks. Hello, Bob, Joshua, and Jim. My first question, can you talk more about your partnership with DuPont? How has the partnership formed? How do you see yourself going about marketing your combined expertise to customers? And are there other opportunities to partner in your wastewater initiatives to drive faster adoption?

Okay, thank you. The partnership is this: it takes two to do a dance. You need a PX that can place higher pressures, but you also need a membrane that can withstand this higher pressure. So we come up with the ultra-high pressure PX and DuPont comes up with the next-generation membranes. So it’s a natural team. We did join a webinar yesterday, and we will do more co-marketing everywhere that we can do. And we would also share our pipeline.

Got it. Okay. And then on the water side of the business, it sounds like you reiterated your growth targets for ‘21 and ‘22. Where do you see potential upside in ‘21 for water growth? I know Josh had talked about in his comments that OEM and aftermarket just at least stopped its decline. As the world starts to open up, do you see opportunities in the OEM channel for growth? And I guess further to that point, we’ve seen many stimulus plans announced of course over the globe. Have you seen any that actually addressed water infrastructure that could possibly add to your underlying positive growth trends?

Josh?

Sure. So we are seeing—I mean, we’re unsure what will happen this year, obviously, due to COVID, how the OEM and aftermarket will play out. We are seeing a stronger resurgence of aftermarket currently. So we think we’ve got some good potential to claw that back to more 2019 levels or so. OEM is a little less certain. We don’t think it’s going to fall anymore by any means, whether it will grow or not is up to question for sure. And what was the second half of your question?

Yes. The second part was the—we’ve seen many stimulus plans actually be announced globally over the past year. Have you seen any specifically address water infrastructure?

Yes. I don’t think we’ve seen anything that specifically touches our business globally that I’m aware of at any right. I mean, with the exception of the fact that when you look at the large mega projects, obviously, those are being supported regardless of any of the economic downturns that may be occurring. Water is needed, and those projects are moving ahead as they were planned for the most part.

Yes. Makes sense. And then my last question I guess, for Josh, why do you feel like the timing is right here to start the share repurchase program? And I know you touched on it a little bit, but do you see yourself likely to use the authorization opportunistically all at once or maybe more likely over time? And maybe I missed this but is there an expiration for the authorization?

There is no expiration. We’ll do this over time. And the reason why we’re doing it today is because we see more certainty in our cash flows than we have in prior years, right. We have got a better sense of where we are headed. We are coming out of COVID. And so we’re more comfortable making this kind of commitment. And with a share buyback, we can manage through our day-to-day cash flow, right. So we are not—we can kind of handle that over the coming period if that makes sense.

Our next question comes from the line of Pavel Molchanov with Raymond James. Please proceed with your question.

Thanks for taking the question and congrats on the live well deployment. You talked throughout last year about making a final decision on VorTeq by the middle of 2021, so 3 months from now. Is that still the timetable that you are working towards in terms of yes or no on commercialization?

Yes. And we’ll give you much more clarity in 8 weeks at the next earnings call. Yes, we absolutely stick to that timeline.

Okay. That’s clear. The timing of this first well deployment in early March, was that related at all to the recovery in the oil market that we have seen in the last 60 days or so?

Not really, no.

So what drove the timing?

The timing, you remember, a year ago, March, we were literally on a pad and hours from oil flow. And yes, market change stopped that. In April, we did that again. But what we have learned, maybe the most difficult part of introducing a technology is to get somebody willing to try in the live well where they are pumping real commercial oil. That has proven to be more difficult than we thought. But as we continue to work at it, continue to connect with customers, it finally clicked. So that’s the story.

Understood. And finally, when you talked about renaming the oil and gas segment to emerging technologies, should we assume that there will be other products, other adjacent industries included within that, not just oil and gas, in other words?

Well, actually, even in today’s call, we said in the emerging technology include the ultra-high pressure PX for water-wastewater treatment although financially we would report that as part of the water revenue. And we also talked about the new ability, we have proven that PX can push gas, and that opens up a lot of new markets and the first of which we are addressing is the refrigeration market. They all come under the emerging technology. Of course, over time, when any one of the emerging technologies grows into substantial revenue, we would separate out as another business unit to report. And hopefully, we have more emerging technology applications to take the place of the graduations, if you will.

Understood. Thank you very much.

Our next question comes from Nils Thommesen with Fearnley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Good afternoon, gentlemen. I have a question on the DuPont partnership. You previously highlighted the total addressable market of $100 million in China and India. I was just wondering if this partnership has since highlighted some other markets outside of this or are these the markets you plan to approach together with DuPont now?

We—together, in fact, we are learning this market, as we just reported that the industrial wastewater market is emerging, evolving, partly driven by regulations, which basically forbid people to dump dirty water and damage the environment. So what we have said previously is we identified a $100 million onetime market. It was just one of the initial subverticals within that vertical, if you will. But as I mentioned in my previous comments now that waste industrial water actually covers from metal mining to textile to tanning, that’s coming from various industries. And we continue to identify, to measure this market. For example, our first order from India was in the chemical industry, and our first order from China was in the natural gas industry. So we don’t have a lot of data on how large this market is. And why we pushed to pick China and India is at the moment, the regulations are tightest in those countries, but we expect the rest of the world to follow.

Okay, great. And then just another question, on the last quarterly call, you mentioned some progress on your zero mix PX. Is this any way related to the PX you can apply for gas purposes or is this a different vertical?

Zero mix is not a vertical. Zero mix is enlarging the sandbox we can play in, where you must not have liquid seeping back and forth. And we will have new vertical applications as your mixing technology is complete. But for the moment, you know.

Okay, great. Thank you.

Although I’ve said it, pushing gas is also enlarging the sandbox, which we said it covers many sectors, but refrigeration and air conditioning are the initial new verticals that we can now address.

And our next question comes from the line of Tom Curran with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, Bob. A few follow-ups on the VorTeq. First, is this multi-well pad where you are currently utilizing the VorTeq with one of the biggest independent oil producers, it sounds like it’s in the New Mexico side of the Delaware. Is it with Liberty?

Yes.

And then are you counting this as the first of the 2 to 3 live well fracs or the second? And do you already have the next one lined up? And if you do, is there anything about the outcome of this current job that will be determined if and when the next one moves forward?

Actually, we can’t consider the New Mexico one as the second. But as I mentioned, it is a multi-well pad. In fact, we move from pad to pad, and we expect to go by the time we finish maybe 50 to 100 stages. So that in itself is a multi-life brand. We’re not staying on one on top of one fold and continue to pump. By the way, as of the end of day yesterday, we have done 25 stages. So in a way, we are fortunate with the tremendous interest shown by this largest independent oil producer that we are actually on motive fact, if you will.

Great. And then does the key technical challenge when it comes to getting the cartridge durability and lifespan to where you need it to be, does it remain – the total volume of frac sand that the cartridge can process before it needs to be repaired or replaced? And to the extent that does remain the defining technical issue, could you give us a rough estimate of how far along you think you are to solving, are you 50% of the way, 75%?

Actually, this is a new technology. So in some ways, time until you—when you get into something entirely new, it’s not just new for us, but for our suppliers. Until you finish, you don’t know what is 100%. So it’s hard for me to say it’s 30% or 50%. We may be literally at 95%, but when you don’t finish that 5%, you could be just as well at 5% as 95% to go. But in 8 weeks, I can give you much more clarity. The cartridge life is the most important part of our costs. As I mentioned before, what is needed is to have validation on the value proposition, that is what the savings, not only savings, but the improvement in—on frac safeties, etcetera. That is what I call X but then what is the cost for us to provide the equipment as well as the service to allow the VorTeq to be part of the frac, that is why and X minus Y equal to Z that is the net contribution. And that we will give you a much better report in 8 weeks from now.

Understood. It makes sense. Thanks for doing the best you can as of now with those questions.

Thank you.

And with that, we reached the end of our question-and-answer session. And I would like to turn the call back over to Mr. Ballard for any closing comments.

Everyone thank you for joining us today. If helpful, you can find our prepared remarks on our Investor Relations website, and we look forward to speaking with you in 8 weeks’ time. Thank you.

This concludes today’s teleconference. You may now disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation and have a wonderful day.