Exelixis, Inc 10-Q for FY2025 Q3
Exelixis, Inc. (EXEL)
10-Q
2025-11-04
For: 2025-10-03
View Original
Added on
April 09, 2026
About this 10-Q
Exelixis, Inc filed this 10-Q on November 4, 2025, covering the quarter ended October 3, 2025 (FY2025 Q3).
Headline figures
Quarter ended October 3, 2025, as reported in this filing, compared with the same period a year earlier where the filing states it.
- Revenue
- $597.76M
- up 10.8% from $539.54M a year earlier
- Net income
- $193.58M
- up 64.1% from net income of $117.97M a year earlier
- Diluted EPS
- $0.69
- up 72.5% from $0.40 a year earlier
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
| FORM | |||||
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended October 3, 2025
or
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-30235
 | ||
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) | ||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |||||||
(650 ) 837-7000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days). Yes ý No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ý | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý
As of October 27, 2025, there were 268,112,157 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
EXELIXIS, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
INDEX
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Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 1A. | ||||||||
| Item 2. | ||||||||
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| Item 4. | ||||||||
| Item 5. | ||||||||
| Item 6. | ||||||||
2
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Marketable securities | |||||||||||
| Trade receivables, net | |||||||||||
| Inventory | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Non-current marketable securities | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets and other non-current assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | |||||||||||
| Accrued clinical trial liabilities | |||||||||||
| Rebates and fees due to customers | |||||||||||
| Accrued collaboration liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Non-current operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock, $ | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in-capital | |||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of long-lived assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax impact of $( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under the equity incentive plan | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock transactions associated with taxes withheld on equity awards | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under the equity incentive plan | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock transactions associated with taxes withheld on equity awards | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Continued on next page
5
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive income (loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under equity incentive plan and stock purchase plan | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock transactions associated with taxes withheld on equity awards | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under equity incentive plan and stock purchase plan | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock transactions associated with taxes withheld on equity awards | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
EXELIXIS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Impairment of long-lived assets | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Non-cash lease expense | |||||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development technology | |||||||||||
| Other, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Trade receivables, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Inventory | ( | ||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accrued collaboration liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of marketable securities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property, equipment and other, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development technology | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Payments for repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock under the equity incentive plan and stock purchase plan | |||||||||||
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental cash flow disclosures: | |||||||||||
| Non-cash operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
EXELIXIS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization
Exelixis, Inc. (Exelixis, we, our or us) is an oncology company innovating next-generation medicines and combination regimens at the forefront of cancer care. We have produced four marketed pharmaceutical products, two of which are formulations of our flagship molecule, cabozantinib, and we are steadily advancing and evolving our product pipeline portfolio, including our lead clinical asset zanzalintinib, currently the focus of an extensive late-stage development program. With a rational and disciplined approach to investment, we are leveraging our internal experience and expertise, and the strength of strategic partnerships, to identify and pursue opportunities across the landscape of scientific modalities, including small molecules, biotherapeutics and antibody-drug conjugates.
Sales related to cabozantinib account for the majority of our revenues. Cabozantinib is an inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases, including MET, AXL, VEGF receptors and RET and has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and in other countries as CABOMETYX® (cabozantinib) tablets for: advanced renal cell carcinoma (both alone and in combination with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company’s nivolumab (OPDIVO®)), previously treated hepatocellular carcinoma, previously treated, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, and previously treated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors; and as COMETRIQ® (cabozantinib) capsules for progressive, metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. For physicians treating these types of cancer, cabozantinib has become or is becoming an important medicine in their selection of effective therapies.
The other two products resulting from our discovery efforts are: COTELLIC® (cobimetinib), an inhibitor of MEK approved as part of multiple combination regimens to treat specific forms of advanced melanoma and marketed under a collaboration with Genentech, Inc. (a member of the Roche Group) (Genentech); and MINNEBRO® (esaxerenone), an oral, non-steroidal, selective blocker of the mineralocorticoid receptor, approved for the treatment of hypertension in Japan and licensed to Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Exelixis and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. These entities’ functional currency is the U.S. dollar. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
We have adopted a 52- or 53-week fiscal year policy that generally ends on the Friday closest to December 31. Fiscal year 2025, which is a 52-week fiscal year, will end on January 2, 2026 and fiscal year 2024, which was a 53-week fiscal year, ended on January 3, 2025. For convenience, references in this report as of and for the fiscal periods ended October 3, 2025, September 27, 2024, July 4, 2025 and June 28, 2024, and as of and for the fiscal years ending January 2, 2026 and ended January 3, 2025 and December 29, 2023, are indicated as being as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2025, September 30, 2024, June 30, 2025, and June 30, 2024, and the years ending December 31, 2025, and ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information and pursuant to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In our opinion, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of our financial statements for the periods presented have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any future period. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, included in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 11, 2025 (Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K).
8
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements conforms to accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., which requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our significant estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other market-specific and other relevant assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not impact previously reported total revenues, income from operations, net income, total assets, total liabilities or total stockholders’ equity.
Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the significant accounting policies disclosed in “Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
There were no new accounting pronouncements adopted by us since our filing of the Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K, which could have a significant effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which enhances the disclosures required for income taxes in our annual consolidated financial statements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for us in our annual reporting for fiscal year 2025 on a prospective basis. Early adoption and retrospective reporting are permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (ASU 2024-03), which enhances the disclosures required for expense disaggregation in our annual and interim consolidated financial statements. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) – Clarifying the effective Date (ASU 2025-01), which clarifies the effective date of ASU 2024-03 for companies with a non-calendar year end. ASU 2024-03 is effective for us in our annual reporting for fiscal year 2027, and in our interim periods beginning in fiscal year 2028. Early adoption and retrospective application are permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2024-03 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
NOTE 2. SEGMENT REPORTING
We operate in one business segment that focuses on the discovery, development and commercialization of new medicines for difficult-to-treat cancers. Our President and Chief Executive Officer, as the chief operating decision-maker, manages and allocates resources to our operations on a total consolidated basis. Consistent with this decision-making process, our President and Chief Executive Officer uses net income to monitor budget versus actual results for purposes of evaluating performance and to make decisions about the allocation of resources.
9
Our significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to our President and Chief Executive Officer and included in the measure of segment net income consist of consolidated expenses for our operational departments: drug discovery, development, and selling, general and administrative and other segment items.
The segment and consolidated net income, including significant segment expenses were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Drug discovery | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Development | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general, and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other segment items(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment and consolidated net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
_________________
(1) Other segment items include stock-based compensation, impairment of long-lived assets, restructuring expenses, other research and development expenses, including the allocation of general corporate costs to research and development services and development cost reimbursements in connection with certain of our collaboration arrangements, and other expenses, net.
All of our long-lived assets are located in the U.S. See “Note 3. Revenues” for enterprise-wide disclosures about product sales, revenues from major customers and revenues by geographic region.
NOTE 3. REVENUES
Revenues consisted of the following (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Product revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross product revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Discounts and allowances | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| License revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration services revenues | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Collaboration revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
10
The percentage of total revenues by customer who individually accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues were as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliates of Cencora, Inc. | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliates of McKesson Corporation | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliates of CVS Health Corporation | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accredo Health, Incorporated | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliates of Optum Specialty Pharmacy | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
The percentage of trade receivables by customer who individually accounted for 10% or more of our trade receivables were as follows:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliates of McKesson Corporation | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliates of Cencora, Inc. | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ipsen Pharma SAS | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliates of CVS Health Corporation | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cardinal Health, Inc. | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues by geographic region were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Japan | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues include net product revenues attributed to geographic regions based on the ship-to location and license and collaboration services revenues attributed to geographic regions based on the location of our collaboration partners’ headquarters.
Net product revenues and license revenues are recorded in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). License revenues include the recognition of the portion of milestone payments allocated to the transfer of intellectual property licenses for which it had become probable in the current period that the milestone would be achieved and a significant reversal of revenues would not occur, as well as royalty revenues and our share of profits under our collaboration agreement with Genentech. Collaboration services revenues are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements. Collaboration services revenues include the recognition of deferred revenues for the portion of upfront and milestone payments allocated to our research and development services performance obligations, development cost reimbursements earned under our collaboration agreements, product supply revenues, net of product supply costs and the royalties we paid on sales of products containing cabozantinib by our collaboration partners. License revenues and collaboration services revenues are presented in collaboration revenues in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
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Net product revenues by product were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CABOMETYX | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| COMETRIQ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Product Sales Discounts and Allowances
The activities and ending reserve balances for each significant category of discounts and allowances (which constitute variable consideration) were as follows (in thousands):
Chargebacks, Discounts for Prompt Payment and Other | Other Customer Credits/Fees and Co-pay Assistance | Rebates | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provision related to sales made in: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current period | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prior periods | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Payments and customer credits issued | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The allowance for chargebacks, discounts for prompt payment and other are recorded as a reduction of trade receivables, net, and the remaining reserves are recorded as rebates and fees due to customers in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
We receive payments from our collaboration partners based on billing schedules established in each contract. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when our right to consideration is unconditional. We may also recognize revenue in advance of the contractual billing schedule and such amounts are recorded as a contract asset when recognized. We may be required to defer recognition of revenue for upfront and milestone payments until we perform our obligations under these arrangements, and such amounts are recorded as deferred revenue upon receipt or when due. For those contracts that have multiple performance obligations, contract assets and liabilities are reported on a net basis at the contract level. Contract assets are primarily related to Ipsen Pharma SAS (Ipsen) and contract liabilities are primarily related to deferred revenues from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Takeda).
Contract assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
Contract assets(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Contract liabilities: | |||||||||||
Current portion(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Non-current portion(3) | |||||||||||
| Total contract liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
____________________
(1) Presented in right-of-use assets and other non-current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Presented in other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3) Presented in other non-current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized $1.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively, in revenues that were included in the beginning deferred revenues balance for those periods, as compared to $1.4 million and $4.3 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized $57.6 million and $151.3 million, respectively, in revenues for performance obligations satisfied in previous periods, as compared to $60.7 million and $302.0 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, such revenues were primarily related to royalty payments allocated to our license performance obligations for our collaborations with Ipsen and Takeda and the recognition of license revenues for the achievement of a regulatory milestone. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, such revenues were primarily related to the recognition of license revenues for the achievement of a commercial milestone and royalty payments allocated to our license performance obligations for our collaborations with Ipsen and Takeda.
As of September 30, 2025, $31.1 million of the combined transaction prices for our Ipsen and Takeda collaborations were allocated to research and development services performance obligations that had not yet been satisfied. See “Note 4. Collaboration Agreements and Business Development Activities” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K for additional information about the expected timing to satisfy these performance obligations.
NOTE 4. COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
We have established multiple collaborations with leading biopharmaceutical companies for the commercialization and further development of our cabozantinib franchise. Additionally, we have made considerable progress under our existing research collaboration and in-licensing arrangements to further enhance our early-stage pipeline and expand our ability to discover, develop and commercialize novel therapies with the goal of providing new treatment options for cancer patients. Historically, we also entered into other collaborations with leading biopharmaceutical companies pursuant to which we out-licensed other compounds and programs in our portfolio.
See “Note 4. Collaboration Agreements and Business Development Activities” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on certain of our collaboration agreements and in-licensing arrangements.
Cabozantinib Commercial Collaborations
Ipsen Collaboration
In February 2016, we entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Ipsen, which was subsequently amended, for the commercialization and further development of cabozantinib. Under the collaboration agreement, as amended, Ipsen received exclusive commercialization rights for current and potential future cabozantinib indications outside of the U.S. and Japan. We have also agreed to collaborate with Ipsen on the development of cabozantinib for current and potential future indications. The parties’ efforts are governed through a joint steering committee and appropriate subcommittees established to guide and oversee the collaboration’s operation and strategic direction; provided, however, that we retain final decision-making authority with respect to cabozantinib’s ongoing development.
Revenues under the collaboration agreement with Ipsen were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| License revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration services revenues | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total collaboration revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized $4.3 0.4 5.0 10.8 0.5 12.5
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Medicines Agency for evaluating cabozantinib versus placebo in patients with either advanced pNET or advanced epNET. In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized $2.2 30.0 150.0 million related to a commercial milestone payment from Ipsen upon its achievement of $600.0 million in cumulative net sales of cabozantinib over four consecutive quarters in its related Ipsen license territory.
Takeda Collaboration
In January 2017, we entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Takeda, which was subsequently amended, for the commercialization and further development of cabozantinib. Under the collaboration agreement, as amended, Takeda received exclusive commercialization rights for current and potential future cabozantinib indications in Japan, and the parties have agreed to collaborate on the clinical development of cabozantinib in Japan. The operation and strategic direction of the parties’ collaboration is governed through a joint executive committee and appropriate subcommittees.
Revenues under the collaboration agreement with Takeda were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| License revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration services revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total collaboration revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Royalty Pharma
In October 2002, we established a product development and commercialization collaboration agreement with GlaxoSmithKline (now GSK plc, or GSK), that required us to pay a 3 % royalty to GSK on the worldwide net sales of any product containing cabozantinib sold by us and our collaboration partners. Effective January 1, 2021, Royalty Pharma plc (Royalty Pharma) acquired from GSK all rights, title and interest in royalties on net product sales containing cabozantinib for non-U.S. markets for the full term of the royalty and for the U.S. market through September 2026, after which time U.S. royalties will revert back to GSK. Royalty fees earned by Royalty Pharma in connection with our sales of cabozantinib are included in cost of goods sold and as a reduction of collaboration services revenues for sales by our collaboration partners. Such royalty fees earned by Royalty Pharma were $22.2 million and $63.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to $19.7 million and $54.8 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods.
Research Collaborations, In-Licensing Arrangements and Other Business Development Activities
We enter into collaborative arrangements with other pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies to develop and commercialize oncology assets or other intellectual property. Our research collaborations and in-licensing arrangements are intended to enhance our early-stage pipeline and expand our ability to discover, develop and commercialize novel therapies with the goal of providing new treatment options for cancer patients. Our research collaborations, in-licensing arrangements and other strategic transactions generally include upfront payments for the purchase or in-licensing of intellectual property, development, regulatory and commercial milestone payments and royalty payments, in each case contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events linked to the success of the asset in development. Certain of our research collaborations provide us exclusive options that give us the right to license programs or acquire the intellectual property developed under the research collaborations for further discovery and development. When we decide to exercise the options, we are required to pay an exercise fee and then assume the responsibilities for all subsequent development, manufacturing and commercialization.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized $8.4 million and $19.3 million, respectively, as compared to $18.7 million and $47.2 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods, within research and development expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, primarily related to upfront payments for acquired in-process research and development technology, development milestone payments and option exercise fees for the cost of intellectual property that have not yet achieved technological feasibility, research and development funding and other fees.
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As of September 30, 2025, in conjunction with the active collaborative in-licensing arrangements and asset purchase agreements, we are subject to potential future development milestone payments of up to $441.5 million, regulatory milestone payments of up to $278.0 million and commercial milestone payments of up to $2.5 billion, each in the aggregate per product or target, as well as royalties on future net sales of products.
NOTE 5. CASH AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt securities available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt securities available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest receivable was $11.4 million and $14.9 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Realized gains and losses on the sales of marketable securities were immaterial during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
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We manage credit risk associated with our marketable securities portfolio through our investment policy, which limits purchases to high-quality issuers and the amount of our portfolio that can be invested in a single issuer. The fair value and gross unrealized losses on debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position were as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In an Unrealized Loss Position Less than 12 Months | In an Unrealized Loss Position 12 Months or Greater | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In an Unrealized Loss Position Less than 12 Months | In an Unrealized Loss Position 12 Months or Greater | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There were 26 and 255 debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we did no t record an allowance for credit losses or other impairment charges on our marketable securities. Based upon our quarterly impairment review, we determined that the unrealized losses were not attributed to credit risk but were primarily associated with changes in interest rates and market liquidity. Based on the scheduled maturities of our marketable securities, we determined that it was more likely than not that we will hold these marketable securities for a period of time sufficient for a recovery of our cost basis.
The fair values of debt securities available-for-sale by contractual maturity were as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Maturing in one year or less | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Maturing after one year through five years | |||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | $ | $ | |||||||||
NOTE 6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value reflects the amounts that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy has the following three levels:
•Level 1 - quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;
•Level 2 - inputs other than Level 1 that are observable either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments or on industry models using data inputs, such as interest rates and prices that can be directly observed or corroborated in active markets; and
•Level 3 - unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity that are significant to the fair value measurement.
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The classifications within the fair value hierarchy of our financial assets that were measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | |||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | |||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | |||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||
| Total financial assets carried at fair value | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored enterprises | |||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available-for-sale | |||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | |||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||
| Total financial assets carried at fair value | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
When available, we value marketable securities based on quoted prices for those financial instruments, which is a Level 1 input. Our remaining marketable securities are valued using third-party pricing sources, which use observable market prices, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals for similar assets as observable inputs for pricing, which is a Level 2 input.
The carrying amount of our remaining financial assets and liabilities, which include receivables and payables, approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
When necessary, we record impairments of long-lived assets for the amount by which the fair value is less than the carrying value of these assets. When an impairment indicator exists, we calculate the undiscounted value of the projected cash flows for the asset, or asset group, and compare this estimated amount to the carrying amount. If the carrying amount is greater, we record an impairment loss for the excess of carrying value over fair value. In addition, in all cases of an impairment review, we reevaluate the remaining useful lives of the assets and modify them, as appropriate. For more information about our accounting policies, see “Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Long-Lived Assets Impairment” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized $64.3 million of non-cash impairment charges related to long-lived assets of which $12.6 million was incurred in connection with the 2024 Plan (as defined below). The fair value was determined using an income approach where certain Level 3 inputs were used, including estimates and assumptions on the timing and amount of discounted cash flows. See “Note 12. Restructuring” for additional information. During the three and nine months ended September 2024, we evaluated our plans for the Alameda leased facilities and listed certain buildings for sublease. As a result, we determined the related right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements should be evaluated for impairment as separate asset groups. We concluded that the asset groups were not recoverable as of September 30, 2024, and recognized a $51.7 million non-cash impairment charge. The estimated fair value was determined using an income approach comprised of projected discounted cash flows that included certain Level 3 inputs,
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such as sublease income and discount rates. The assumptions associated with sublease income and discount rates are subject to risks and uncertainties and could materially differ from our estimates. The impairment charge is presented in impairment of long-lived assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Forward Foreign Currency Contracts
We may enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts that are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes to hedge certain operational exposures for the changes in foreign currency exchange rates associated with assets or liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, primarily the Euro.
As of September 30, 2025, we had one forward contract outstanding to sell €3.4 million. The forward contract with a maturity of three months is recorded at fair value and is included in other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The unrealized loss on the forward contract was immaterial as of September 30, 2025. The forward contract is considered a Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy of our fair value measurements. The net realized gains (losses) we recognized on the maturity of forward contracts were immaterial for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, and are included in other expenses, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
NOTE 7. INVENTORY
Inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Work in process | |||||||||||
| Finished goods | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Balance Sheet classification: | |||||||||||
| Current portion included in inventory | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Non-current portion included in other non-current assets | |||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Stock-based Compensation
We have an equity incentive plan under which we grant stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs), including market condition-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs (PSUs) to employees and directors. As of September 30, 2025, 11.3 million shares were available for grant under the Exelixis, Inc. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended and restated, the 2017 Plan). The share reserve is reduced by 1 share for each share issued pursuant to a stock option and 2 shares for full value awards, including RSUs and PSUs.
We allocated the stock-based compensation for our 2017 Plan and our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended and restated, the Amended ESPP) as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
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Stock-based compensation for each type of award under our 2017 Plan and Amended ESPP were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performance stock units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee stock purchase plan | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
As of September 30, 2025, there were 2.6 million stock options outstanding and $1.2 million of related unrecognized stock-based compensation.
In February 2025, we awarded to certain employees an aggregate of 1.0 million RSUs (the target number) that are subject to a total shareholder return (TSR) market condition and a time-based service condition (the 2025 TSR-based RSUs). The TSR market condition is based on our relative TSR percentile rank compared to companies in the Nasdaq Biotechnology Index during the performance period, which is January 4, 2025 through December 31, 2027. Depending on the results relative to the TSR market condition, the holders of the 2025 TSR-based RSUs may earn up to 175 % of the target number of shares. Following achievement of the market condition at the end of the performance period and upon employee’s continuous service through the vesting dates, 50 % of the shares earned pursuant to the 2025 TSR-based RSUs will vest shortly after the end of the performance period, and the remainder will vest approximately one year later. The 2025 TSR-based RSUs will be forfeited if the market condition at or above a threshold level is not achieved, and/or the time-based service condition is not fulfilled, by the end of the performance period and through the vesting dates.
In March 2025 and September 2025, we awarded to employees an aggregate of 7.2 60 per share on any day during the performance period, which is March 31, 2025 through March 31, 2030. Following achievement of the market condition, the 2025 stock price target-based RSUs will vest upon employee’s continuous service through the end of the performance period on March 31, 2030 (the time-based service condition). The 2025 stock price target-based RSUs will be forfeited if the market condition at or above the target price is not achieved, and/or the time-based service condition is not fulfilled, by the end of the performance period.
We used a Monte Carlo simulation model and the following weighted-average assumptions to determine the weighted average grant date fair value of $47.58 per share for the 2025 TSR-based RSUs and $25.26 per share for the 2025 stock price target-based RSUs:
| 2025 TSR-based RSUs | 2025 stock price target-based RSUs | ||||||||||
Fair value of Exelixis common stock on grant date | $ | $ | |||||||||
Expected volatility | % | % | |||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | % | % | |||||||||
Dividend yield | % | % | |||||||||
The Monte Carlo simulation model for our 2025 TSR-based RSUs assumed correlations of returns of the stock prices of Exelixis common stock and the common stock of a peer group of companies and historical stock price volatility of the peer group of companies. The valuation model also used terms based on the remaining length of the performance period and compound annual growth rate goals for TSR based on the provisions of the awards. The Monte Carlo simulation model for our 2025 stock price target-based RSUs assumed historical stock price volatility and compounded risk-free rate over the remaining length of the performance period. Stock-based compensation related to RSUs with a market condition is recognized regardless of the outcome of the market condition.
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we granted 2.6 million service-based RSUs with a weighted- average grant date fair value of $37.40 per share. As of September 30, 2025, there were 19.6 million RSUs outstanding, including RSUs that are subject to market conditions, and $365.6 million of related unrecognized stock-based compensation. Service-based RSUs granted to employees during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, have vesting conditions and contractual lives of a similar nature to those described in “Note 9. Stockholders’ Equity” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
Common Stock Repurchases
In August 2024, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. In February 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. Under these programs, as of September 30, 2025, we repurchased 24.1 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $895.3 million. As of September 30, 2025, approximately $104.7 million remained available for future stock repurchases before December 31, 2025.
Stock repurchases under these programs may be made from time to time through a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, in block trades, Rule 10b5-1 trading plans, accelerated share repurchase transactions, exchange transactions, or any combination of such methods. The timing and amount of any stock repurchases under the stock repurchase programs will be based on a variety of factors, including ongoing assessments of the capital needs of the business, alternative investment opportunities, the market price of our common stock and general market conditions. These programs do not obligate us to acquire any amount of our common stock, and the stock repurchase programs may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
NOTE 9. PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 were 23.3 % and 21.9 %, respectively, as compared to 23.8 % and 23.2 %, respectively, for the corresponding periods in 2024. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21%, primarily due to state taxes, offset by excess tax benefits related to certain stock grants. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21%, primarily due to state taxes, offset by the generation of federal tax credits.
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NOTE 10. NET INCOME PER SHARE
Net income per share — basic and diluted, were computed as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding — basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share — basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share — diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods. The diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the periods. Dilutive common shares outstanding includes the dilutive effect of in-the-money options, unvested RSUs (including market conditions-based RSUs), unvested PSUs when the performance condition is met and ESPP contributions. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method.
Certain potential common shares were excluded from our calculation of weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted because either they would have had an anti-dilutive effect on net income per share or they were related to shares from PSUs or from market conditions-based RSUs that were contingently issuable, and the contingency had not been satisfied at the end of the reporting period.
The weighted-average potential common shares excluded from our calculation were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Anti-dilutive securities and contingently issuable shares excluded | |||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE 11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
MSN ANDA Litigation
In September 2019, we received a notice letter regarding an Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) submitted to the FDA by MSN Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (individually and collectively with certain of its affiliates, including MSN Laboratories Private Limited, referred to as MSN), requesting approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets. MSN’s initial notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to our U.S. Patents No. 8,877,776, salt and polymorphic forms (the ’776 Patent), 9,724,342, formulations (the ’342 Patent), 10,034,873, methods of treatment (the ’873 Patent), and 10,039,757, methods of treatment (the ’757 Patent), which are listed in the Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, also referred to as the Orange Book, for CABOMETYX. MSN’s initial notice letter did not provide a Paragraph IV certification against U.S. Patents No. 7,579,473, composition of matter (the ’473 Patent) or 8,497,284, methods of treatment (the ’284 Patent), each of which is listed in the Orange Book. On October 29, 2019, we filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (the Delaware District Court) for patent infringement against MSN asserting infringement of the ’776 Patent arising from MSN’s ANDA filing with the FDA. On November 20, 2019, MSN filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the ’776 Patent are invalid and not infringed. On May 5, 2020, we received notice from MSN that it had amended its ANDA to include additional
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Paragraph IV certifications and to request approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets prior to expiration of the two previously unasserted ’473 and ’284 Patents. On May 11, 2020, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against MSN asserting infringement of these patents, and on May 22, 2020, MSN filed its response, alleging that the asserted claims of these patents are invalid and not infringed. On March 23, 2021, MSN filed its First Amended Answer and Counterclaims (amending its prior filing from May 22, 2020), seeking, among other things, a declaratory judgment that U.S. Patent No. 9,809,549, salt and polymorphic forms (the ’549 Patent) is invalid and would not be infringed by MSN if its generic version of CABOMETYX tablets were approved by the FDA. This ’549 Patent is not listed in the Orange Book. On April 7, 2021, we filed our response to MSN’s First Amended Answer and Counterclaims, denying, among other things, that the ’549 Patent is invalid or would not be infringed. The two lawsuits comprising this litigation (collectively referred to as MSN I), numbered Civil Action Nos. 19-02017 and 20-00633, were consolidated in April 2021.
A bench trial for MSN I occurred in May 2022, and on January 19, 2023, the Delaware District Court issued a ruling rejecting MSN’s invalidity challenge to the ’473 Patent. The Delaware District Court also ruled that MSN’s proposed ANDA product does not infringe the ’776 Patent. In accordance with these rulings, the Delaware District Court entered judgment that the effective date of any final FDA approval of MSN’s ANDA shall not be a date earlier than August 14, 2026, the expiration date of the ’473 Patent. Final judgment was entered on January 30, 2023. This ruling in MSN I did not impact our separate MSN II lawsuit (as defined below).
On January 11, 2022, we received notice from MSN that it had further amended its ANDA to assert additional Paragraph IV certifications. In particular, the January 11, 2022 amended ANDA requested approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets prior to expiration of three previously-unasserted CABOMETYX patents that are now listed in the Orange Book: U.S. Patents No. 11,091,439, crystalline salt forms (the ’439 Patent), 11,091,440, pharmaceutical composition (the ’440 Patent), and 11,098,015, methods of treatment (the ’015 Patent). On February 23, 2022, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against MSN asserting infringement of the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents arising from MSN’s further amendment of its ANDA filing with the FDA. On February 25, 2022, MSN filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents are invalid and not infringed. On June 7, 2022, we received notice from MSN that it had further amended its ANDA to assert an additional Paragraph IV certification. As currently amended, MSN’s ANDA now requests approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets prior to expiration of a previously-unasserted CABOMETYX patent that is now listed in the Orange Book: U.S. Patent No. 11,298,349, pharmaceutical composition (the ’349 Patent). On July 18, 2022, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against MSN asserting infringement of the ’349 Patent arising from MSN’s further amendment of its ANDA filing with the FDA. On August 9, 2022, MSN filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the ’349 Patent are invalid and not infringed and amended its challenges to the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents to allege that these patents are not enforceable based on equitable grounds. The two lawsuits comprising this litigation (collectively referred to as MSN II), numbered Civil Action Nos. 22-00228 and 22-00945, were consolidated in October 2022 and involve Exelixis patents that are different from those asserted in the MSN I litigation described above.
On June 21, 2022, pursuant to a stipulation between us and MSN, the Delaware District Court entered an order that (i) MSN’s submission of its ANDA constitutes infringement of certain claims relating to the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents, if those claims are not found to be invalid, and (ii) upon approval, MSN’s commercial manufacture, use, sale or offer for sale within the U.S., and importation into the U.S., of MSN’s proposed ANDA product prior to the expiration of these patents would also infringe certain claims of each patent, if those claims are not found to be invalid. In our MSN II complaints, we sought, among other relief, an order that the effective date of any FDA approval of MSN’s ANDA would be a date no earlier than the expiration of the ’439, ’440, ’015, and ’349 Patents, the latest of which expires on February 10, 2032, and equitable relief enjoining MSN from infringing these patents. On September 28, 2023, the Delaware District Court granted the parties’ stipulation of dismissal of MSN’s equitable defenses and counterclaims. A bench trial occurred in October 2023, and on October 15, 2024, the Delaware District Court issued a ruling rejecting MSN’s invalidity challenge to each of the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents. The Delaware District Court also ruled that the ’349 Patent is not invalid and that MSN’s proposed ANDA product does not infringe this patent. In accordance with these rulings, the Delaware District Court entered final judgment on October 23, 2024, that, should the FDA ultimately approve MSN’s ANDA, the effective date of any such approval of MSN’s ANDA shall not be a date earlier than January 15, 2030, the expiration date of each of the ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents, subject to our potential additional regulatory exclusivity.
On November 22, 2024, MSN noticed an appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) and we noticed a cross-appeal on November 26, 2024. On April 1, 2025, MSN filed its Opening Brief arguing that the asserted claims of the ’439, ’440, ’015, and ’349 Patents are invalid. On June 10, 2025, the CAFC granted our request to dismiss our cross-appeal. On June 11, 2025, we filed our Response Brief. On August 1, 2025, MSN filed its Reply Brief.
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In February 2025, we received another notice letter from MSN regarding its ANDA, requesting FDA approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets. MSN’s notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to Orange Book-listed patent U.S. Patent No. 12,128,039, low impurity (the ’039 Patent), which expires in 2032. On March 19, 2025, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against MSN asserting infringement of this patent arising from MSN’s further amendment of its ANDA filing with the FDA. On April 10, 2025, MSN filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the ’039 Patent are invalid, unenforceable, and not infringed. On May 1, 2025, we filed our answer to MSN’s counterclaim. On August 18, 2025, pursuant to a stipulation between us and MSN, the Delaware District Court entered an order that (i) MSN’s submission of its ANDA constitutes infringement of certain claims relating to the ’039 Patent, if those claims are not found to be invalid or unenforceable, and (ii) upon approval, MSN’s commercial manufacture, use, sale or offer for sale within the U.S., and importation into the U.S., of MSN’s proposed ANDA product prior to the expiration of the ’039 Patent would also infringe certain claims of the patent, if those claims are not found to be invalid or unenforceable. This litigation has been consolidated with the Sun and Azurity litigations described below and trial has been scheduled for November 2, 2026.
Sun ANDA Litigation
On September 17, 2024, we received a notice letter regarding an ANDA submitted to the FDA by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Sun), requesting approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets. Sun’s notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to the ’776 Patent, the ’342 Patent, the ’873 Patent, the ’757 Patent, the ’439 Patent, the ’440 Patent, the ’015 Patent, and the ’349 Patent, which are listed in the Orange Book, for CABOMETYX. On October 30, 2024, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against Sun asserting infringement of the ’776, ’439, ’440, and ’015 Patents. On January 22, 2025, Sun filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the patents at issue are invalid and not infringed. Sun also filed counterclaims that, inter alia, seek a declaratory judgment that Sun’s ANDA would not infringe any valid and enforceable claim of the ’776, ’439, ’440, ’015, ’342, ’873, ’757, and ’349 Patents. On March 14, 2025, we filed our answer to Sun’s counterclaims. This litigation has been consolidated with the below Sun, MSN, and Azurity litigations and trial has been scheduled for November 2, 2026.
In February 2025, we received another notice letter from Sun regarding its ANDA, requesting FDA approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets. Sun’s notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to Orange Book-listed ’039 Patent, which expires in 2032. On April 4, 2025, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against Sun asserting infringement of the ’039 Patent arising from Sun’s amendment of its ANDA filing with the FDA. On June 9, 2025, Sun filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the ’039 Patent are invalid, unenforceable, and not infringed. On June 30, 2025, we filed our answer to Sun’s counterclaim. This litigation has been consolidated with the MSN and Azurity litigations described in this section and trial has been scheduled for November 2, 2026.
Biocon ANDA Litigation
In March 2025, we received a notice letter regarding an ANDA submitted to the FDA by Biocon Pharma Limited (Biocon), requesting approval to market a generic version of CABOMETYX tablets. Biocon’s notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to the ’776 Patent, the ’342 Patent, the ’873 Patent, the ’757 Patent, the ’439 Patent, the ’440 Patent, the ’015 Patent, the ’349 Patent, and the ’039 Patent which are listed in the Orange Book, for CABOMETYX. On April 11, 2025, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against Biocon asserting infringement of the ’776, ’439, ’440, ’015, and ’039 Patents. On June 19, 2025, Biocon filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the patents at issue are invalid and not infringed. On July 10, 2025, we filed our answer to Biocon’s counterclaims. In July 2025, we entered into a settlement and license agreement with Biocon (the Biocon Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the terms of the Biocon Settlement Agreement, Exelixis will grant Biocon a license to market its generic version of CABOMETYX in the United States beginning on January 1, 2031, if approved by the FDA and subject to conditions and exceptions common to agreements of this type. Additionally, in accordance with the Biocon Settlement Agreement, the parties will terminate all ongoing Hatch-Waxman litigation between Exelixis and Biocon regarding CABOMETYX patents pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The litigation was terminated on September 5, 2025.
Azurity 505(b)(2) NDA Litigation
In March 2025, we received a notice letter regarding a 505(b)(2) New Drug Application (505(b)(2)) submitted to the FDA by Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Azurity), requesting approval to market cabozantinib (S)-malate tablets. Azurity’s
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notice letter included a Paragraph IV certification with respect to the ’776 Patent, the ’342 Patent, the ’873 Patent, the ’757 Patent, the ’439 Patent, the ’440 Patent, the ’015 Patent, the ’349 Patent, and the ’039 Patent which are listed in the Orange Book, for CABOMETYX. On April 18, 2025, we filed a complaint in the Delaware District Court for patent infringement against Azurity asserting infringement of the ’776, ’439, ’440, ’015, ’349, and ’039 Patents. On April 24, 2025, we filed our First Amended Complaint alleging infringement of the same patents. On June 11, 2025, Azurity filed its response to the complaint, alleging that the asserted claims of the patents at issue are not infringed and/or invalid. On July 2, 2025, we filed our answer to Azurity’s counterclaims. On July 28, 2025 Azurity filed motions for judgment on the pleadings regarding the non-infringement of the ’776, ’439, ’440, ’015, ’349, and ’039 Patents. On August 25, 2025 we filed our answering briefs to Azurity’s motions for judgment on the pleadings. On September 15, 2025, Azurity filed its reply briefs. This litigation has been consolidated with the MSN and Sun litigations described above and trial has been scheduled for November 2, 2026.
Other
The sale of any cabozantinib (S)-malate tablets besides CABOMETYX significantly earlier than CABOMETYX’s patent expiration could decrease our revenues derived from the U.S. sales of CABOMETYX and thereby materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. It is not possible at this time to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or estimate of the amount or range of any potential loss.
We may also from time-to-time become a party or subject to various other legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, which arise in the ordinary course of business. Some of these proceedings have involved, and may involve in the future, claims that are subject to substantial uncertainties and unascertainable damages.
NOTE 12. RESTRUCTURING
In the third quarter of fiscal year 2025, our Board of Directors authorized, and we implemented, a corporate reorganization plan (the 2025 Plan) to reorganize our workforce and close our office located in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. Restructuring expenses expected to be incurred under the 2025 Plan are primarily severance and employee-related costs. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized $19.8 20.5 million. We incurred the majority of the charges related to the 2025 Plan during the third quarter of 2025 and expect to substantially complete the 2025 Plan by the end of the fiscal year 2025. The expected pre-tax charges are estimates and are subject to a number of assumptions and actual results may vary from the estimates provided.
The restructuring activities and balances as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands):
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued at December 31, 2024 | Initial Costs | Non-cash Charges | Cash Payments | Accrued at September 30, 2025(2) | Total Costs Incurred to Date | Total Expected Plan Costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Severance and employee-related costs and other exit costs(1) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other restructuring plans(3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________________
(1) Other exit costs will be expensed as incurred.
(2) As of September 30, 2025, substantially all restructuring liabilities have been recorded in accrued compensation and benefits in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3) Consisted of severance and employee-related costs from the 2024 Plan, paid in the first quarter of 2025.
In the first quarter of fiscal year 2024, our Board of Directors authorized, and we implemented, a corporate restructuring plan (the 2024 Plan) to reduce our workforce and rebalance our cost structure in alignment with our strategic priorities. Restructuring expenses incurred under the 2024 Plan included: severance and employee-related costs; asset impairment; and contract termination and other exit costs. We incurred the majority of the charges related to the 2024 Plan during the first quarter of 2024 and substantially completed the 2024 Plan as of the end of the second quarter of 2024. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized $0.1 million and $33.4 million, respectively, in
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expenses associated with the 2024 Plan, which are presented in restructuring in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued at December 31, 2023 | Initial Costs | Adj. to Costs(2) | Non-cash charges | Cash Payments | Accrued at September 30, 2024(3) | Total Costs Incurred to Date | Total Expected Plan Costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Severance and employee-related costs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contract termination and other exit costs(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairment | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total restructuring | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________________
(1) Contract termination costs consist of accruals for costs to be incurred without future economic benefit, and other exit costs expensed as incurred.
(2) Adjustments to costs consist of changes in estimates whereby increases and decreases in costs were recorded to operating expenses in the period of adjustments.
(3) As of September 30, 2024, all restructuring liabilities have been recorded in accrued compensation and benefits in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. These statements are based on Exelixis, Inc.’s (Exelixis, we, our or us) current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about our business and our industry and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our company’s or our industry’s results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied in, or contemplated by, the forward-looking statements. Our actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include those discussed in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 11, 2025 (Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K), as supplemented by the information appearing in Part II, Item 1A of our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q as well as those discussed elsewhere in this report. These and many other factors could affect our future financial and operating results. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events after the date of this report.
This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this report and the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto included in the Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
Overview
We are an oncology company innovating next-generation medicines and combination regimens at the forefront of cancer care. We have produced four marketed pharmaceutical products, two of which are formulations of our flagship molecule, cabozantinib, and we are steadily advancing and evolving our product pipeline portfolio, including our lead clinical asset zanzalintinib, currently the focus of an extensive late-stage development program. With a rational and disciplined approach to investment, we are leveraging our internal experience and expertise, and the strength of strategic partnerships, to identify and pursue opportunities across the landscape of scientific modalities, including small molecules, biotherapeutics and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
Sales related to cabozantinib account for the majority of our revenues. Cabozantinib is an inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases, including MET, AXL, VEGF receptors and RET and has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as CABOMETYX® (cabozantinib) tablets for: advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (both alone and in combination with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company’s (BMS) nivolumab (OPDIVO®)), previously treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), previously treated, radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), and previously treated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) and
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extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (epNET); and as COMETRIQ® (cabozantinib) capsules for progressive, metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Additionally, CABOMETYX is approved in 68 other countries for all or a combination of the following: advanced RCC, previously treated HCC, previously treated RAI-refractory DTC, and/or previously treated, well-differentiated/unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic pNET or epNET; and as COMETRIQ for progressive MTC. For physicians treating these types of cancer, cabozantinib has become or is becoming an important medicine in their selection of effective therapies.
The other two products resulting from our discovery efforts are: COTELLIC® (cobimetinib), an inhibitor of MEK, approved as part of multiple combination regimens to treat specific forms of advanced melanoma and marketed under a collaboration with Genentech, Inc. (a member of the Roche Group); and MINNEBRO® (esaxerenone), an oral, non-steroidal, selective blocker of the mineralocorticoid receptor, approved for the treatment of hypertension in Japan and licensed to Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited.
We plan to continue leveraging our operating cash flows to advance a broad array of diverse biotherapeutics and small molecule programs for the treatment of cancer, as well as to support ongoing company-sponsored and externally sponsored trials evaluating cabozantinib. Furthest along in our pipeline is zanzalintinib, a novel oral kinase inhibitor that targets VEGF receptors, MET and the TAM kinases (TYRO3, AXL and MER). Our zanzalintinib development program includes a series of ongoing and planned pivotal trials to explore its therapeutic potential in colorectal cancer (CRC), RCC and neuroendocrine tumors (NET), as well as earlier-stage trials. Our pipeline programs in phase 1 development, each having best-in-class potential, include: XL309, a small molecule inhibitor of USP1, which has emerged as a synthetic lethal target in the context of BRCA-mutated tumors; XB010, an ADC consisting of a MMAE payload conjugated to a human mAb targeting the tumor antigen 5T4; XB628, a first-in-class bispecific antibody that simultaneously targets PD-L1 and natural killer cell receptor group 2A, identified as key regulators of innate and adaptive immune cell activity; and XB371, a next-generation tissue factor-targeting ADC with a topoisomerase inhibitor payload. We complement our internal drug discovery and development efforts by in-licensing or acquiring, or obtaining options to in-license or acquire, investigational oncology assets from third parties if those oncology assets demonstrate evidence or potential of clinical success. An example of this approach is ADU-1805, a clinical-stage and potentially best-in-class human mAb that targets SIRPα.
Cabozantinib Franchise
The FDA first approved CABOMETYX in the U.S. as a monotherapy for previously treated patients with advanced RCC in April 2016, and then for previously untreated patients with advanced RCC in December 2017. In January 2021, the CABOMETYX label was expanded to include first-line advanced RCC in combination with nivolumab, which was the first CABOMETYX regimen approved for treatment in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). In addition to RCC, in January 2019, the FDA approved CABOMETYX for the treatment of patients with HCC previously treated with sorafenib, and in September 2021, the FDA approved CABOMETYX for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with locally advanced or metastatic DTC that has progressed following prior VEGF receptor-targeted therapy and who are RAI-refractory or ineligible. In March 2025, the FDA approved CABOMETYX for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with previously treated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, well-differentiated pNET and epNET.
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) introduced numerous substantial changes to drug pricing, reimbursement and access support in the U.S., including enabling the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to assert control over the prices of certain single-source drugs and biotherapeutics reimbursed under Medicare Part B and Part D (the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program). CMS has begun to announce rounds of drugs eligible for negotiation under the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program. The IRA contains a limited exception for small biotech drug manufacturers, which applies on a drug-specific basis, and provides that qualifying drugs will be exempt from selection for pricing negotiation through 2028 and eligible for a lower limit (i.e., a price floor) on the potential maximum fair price in 2029 and 2030, if the manufacturers of those drugs continue to qualify each year (small biotech exception). We have qualified for the small biotech exception with respect to our cabozantinib franchise products through 2027, and we intend to apply to CMS to maintain the small biotech exception each year through 2030. Separately, in December 2024, CMS released final guidance on another program, the Medicare Part D Manufacturer Discount Program (Part D Discount Program), which requires manufacturers to take on more of the beneficiary cost previously subsidized by the federal government through the application of increased drug discounts. We have since received notice from CMS that we qualify for the "specified small manufacturer” designation and are thereby eligible for a phase-in of the increased manufacturer discounts under the Part D Discount Program, from 2025 to 2031. There also have been proposals from the current U.S. administration that aim to lower prescription drug costs, both through formal regulatory action and by encouraging voluntary compliance from manufacturers. These proposals include efforts to equalize the prices of drugs in the U.S. with the prices of those drugs in
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other developed countries (also known as most favored nation or MFN pricing), as well as efforts to sell drugs directly to consumers, if appropriate. The administration has directed agencies to pursue MFN pricing through new models and potential regulatory actions, but the scope, timing, and impact of these initiatives remain uncertain.
To develop and commercialize cabozantinib outside the U.S., we have entered into license agreements with Ipsen Pharma SAS (Ipsen) and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Takeda). To Ipsen, we granted the rights to develop and commercialize cabozantinib outside of the U.S. and Japan, and to Takeda we granted such rights in Japan. Both Ipsen and Takeda also contribute financially and operationally to the further global development and commercialization of the cabozantinib franchise, and we work closely with them on these activities. Utilizing its regulatory expertise and established international oncology marketing network, Ipsen has continued to execute on its commercialization plans for CABOMETYX, having received regulatory approvals and launched in multiple territories outside of the U.S., including in the European Economic Area (EEA, which covers all 27 member states of the European Union and Norway, Lichtenstein and Iceland), the United Kingdom and Canada, as a treatment for advanced RCC (both as a monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab) and for previously treated HCC and DTC indications. In July, Ipsen received approval from the European Commission (EC) for the EEA, and health regulatory authorities in both Brazil and Australia for CABOMETYX as a treatment for previously treated, well-differentiated/unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic pNET or epNET (with local labeling variations). With respect to the Japanese market, Takeda received Manufacturing and Marketing Approvals from the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency for monotherapy CABOMETYX as a treatment of patients with curatively unresectable or metastatic RCC and as a treatment of patients with unresectable HCC that has progressed after cancer chemotherapy, as well as for CABOMETYX in combination with nivolumab as a treatment for unresectable or metastatic RCC.
Pipeline Activities
Zanzalintinib
Zanzalintinib is a novel oral kinase inhibitor that targets VEGF receptors, MET and the TAM kinases (TYRO3, AXL and MER) implicated in cancer’s growth and spread, and is our first in-house compound to enter the clinic following our re-initiation of drug discovery activities in 2017. We are evaluating zanzalintinib in a growing development program that builds on our prior experience with cabozantinib and targets indications with high unmet need. We have established collaborations and will continue to explore additional opportunities for novel combinations with zanzalintinib. To date, we have initiated two large phase 1b/2 clinical trials studying zanzalintinib as a monotherapy and in combination with ICIs (STELLAR-001 and STELLAR-002). Patient enrollment into STELLAR-001 was completed in 2023, and preliminary results from a randomized expansion cohort of patients with metastatic CRC were presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium in January 2025. In May 2025, preliminary results from an expansion cohort of patients with previously untreated advanced clear cell RCC from STELLAR-002 were presented at the 2025 ASCO Annual Meeting, along with data from multiple dose-escalation cohorts.
We have also initiated four pivotal trials, three evaluating zanzalintinib in combination with ICIs and one evaluating zanzalintinib as a monotherapy. Our first such trial, STELLAR-303, was initiated in June 2022 and is evaluating zanzalintinib in combination with atezolizumab versus regorafenib in patients with metastatic, refractory non-microsatellite instability-high or non-mismatch repair-deficient (non-MSI-H/dMMR) CRC. In June 2025, we announced positive top-line results demonstrating a statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS) versus regorafenib in all patients (i.e., in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population), and in October 2025, announced that the study demonstrated a 20% reduction in the risk of death versus regorafenib in the ITT population at the final analysis (stratified hazard ratio [HR]: 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69-0.93; P=0.0045). At a prespecified interim analysis, data pertaining to the other dual primary endpoint, OS in patients without liver metastases showed a trend in OS favoring the combination (15.9 months versus 12.8 months; stratified HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.61-1.03; P=0.0875) at a median follow-up of 16.8 months. Detailed findings from the study, including OS and progression-free survival (PFS) in the ITT population and in the subset of patients without liver metastases, were presented at the 2025 European Society for Medical Oncology Congress in October 2025 (ESMO 2025) and simultaneously published in The Lancet. The trial will proceed to the planned final analysis for the dual primary endpoint of OS in patients without liver metastases. We intend to submit a New Drug Application for zanzalintinib in combination with atezolizumab for the treatment of previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer in the U.S. by the end of 2025, subject to limitations on the availability of government services, such as from the FDA, as a result of the ongoing U.S. federal government shutdown.
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The second pivotal trial, STELLAR-304, was initiated in December 2022 and is evaluating zanzalintinib in combination with nivolumab versus sunitinib in previously untreated patients with advanced non-clear cell RCC. We expect top-line results in the second half of 2026, depending on event rates.
In June 2025, we initiated STELLAR-311, a phase 3 pivotal trial evaluating zanzalintinib versus everolimus in patients with advanced NET, regardless of site of origin, who had received up to one prior line of therapy.
To further expand our exploration of the clinical potential of zanzalintinib, we entered into a clinical development collaboration with MSD International Business GmbH, known as Merck within the United States and Canada (Merck) to evaluate zanzalintinib in combination with WELIREG® (belzutifan), Merck's oral HIF-2α inhibitor, in RCC as well as in combination with KEYTRUDA® in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Under the collaboration, we continue to retain all global commercial and marketing rights to zanzalintinib. Merck is sponsoring a phase 1/2 trial and two phase 3 pivotal trials in RCC and will fund one of these phase 3 studies; we will co-fund the phase 1/2 study and the other phase 3 study, as well as supply zanzalintinib and cabozantinib.
We intend to initiate additional pivotal trials evaluating zanzalintinib across a broad array of future potential indications.
Biotherapeutics
Part of our drug discovery activity focuses on discovering and advancing various biotherapeutics that have the potential to become anti-cancer therapies, such as bispecific antibodies, ADCs and other innovative treatments. ADCs in particular present a unique opportunity for new cancer treatments, given their capabilities to target the delivery of anti-cancer drug payloads to specific cells expressing the target; this increased precision should minimize collateral impact on healthy tissues that do not express the target. To facilitate the growth of our various biotherapeutics programs, we have established multiple research collaborations and in-licensing arrangements and have entered into other strategic transactions aimed at conserving capital and managing risks, collectively providing us access to antibodies, binders, payloads and conjugation technologies to generate next-generation ADCs or multispecific antibodies.
As part of our strategy to access clinical- or near-clinical-stage assets, we executed an exclusive option and license agreement and clinical development collaboration with Sairopa B.V. (Sairopa) to develop ADU-1805. ADU-1805 is currently being evaluated in a phase 1 clinical trial in patients with advanced or metastatic refractory solid tumors, as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab. Enrollment is ongoing. In addition to the option deal with Sairopa, some of our active collaborations for biotherapeutics programs are with:
•Adagene Inc. (Adagene), which is focused on using Adagene’s SAFEbodyTM technology to develop novel masked ADCs or other innovative biotherapeutics with potential for improved therapeutic index;
•Catalent, Inc. (Catalent), which is focused on the discovery and development of multiple ADCs using Catalent’s proprietary SMARTag® site-specific bioconjugation technology; and
•Invenra, Inc. (Invenra), which is focused on the discovery and development of novel binders and multispecific antibodies for the treatment of cancer.
We have made significant progress under our research collaborations and in-licensing arrangements and believe we will continue to do so in 2025 and in future years. For example, in April 2025, we initiated the phase 1 study of XB628, a first-in-class bispecific antibody discovered, in part, in collaboration with Invenra, and in August 2025, following the FDA’s acceptance of our Investigational New Drug (IND) Application in July 2025, we initiated a phase 1 study of XB371, a next-generation tissue factor-targeting ADC with a topoisomerase inhibitor payload, which was discovered, in part, in collaboration with Catalent. We are also advancing XB064, a high-affinity mAb that targets ILT2, and XB773, an ADC targeting the tumor antigen DLL3 (each discovered, in part, in connection with our research collaborations and in-licensing arrangements) toward potential IND filings. As part of our rational and disciplined approach to investment, we have decided to discontinue further development of the XB033 program.
Other Small Molecules
The knowledge and experience gained through our efforts to discover cabozantinib, cobimetinib and esaxerenone, each of which were approved by regulatory authorities and are commercially distributed, informs our current strategy for discovering and developing additional small molecules with the potential to treat cancer, including XL309, a potentially best-in-class small molecule inhibitor of USP1, a synthetic lethal target in the context of BRCA-mutated tumors. XL309 is currently being evaluated in a phase 1 clinical trial as monotherapy and in combination with PARP1/2 inhibition in patients
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with advanced solid tumors and enrollment is ongoing. XL309 has potential in patients whose tumors are no longer responsive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi), including ovarian, breast and prostate cancers, and also has potential in combination with PARPi agents to deepen and prolong the response seen to PARPi, as well as to broaden the activity beyond that observed in patients with tumors that harbor a BRCA1/2 mutation.
Beyond these assets, we continue to make progress on multiple lead optimization programs for agents directed toward a variety of targets that we believe play significant roles in tumor biology, and we anticipate that some of these other programs could reach development candidate status in 2025 and beyond.
Future Expansion of our Pipeline
Increasing the number of novel anti-cancer agents in our pipeline is essential to our overall strategy and business goals. We are working to expand our oncology product pipeline through drug discovery efforts, which encompass our diverse biotherapeutics and small molecule programs exploring multiple modalities and mechanisms of action. This approach provides a high degree of flexibility with respect to target selection and modality of treatment and allows us to prioritize those programs that we believe have the greatest chance of delivering impactful therapeutics. As part of our strategy, our drug discovery activities have and will continue to include internal research, as well as external research, collaborations, in-licensing arrangements and other strategic transactions that collectively leverage a wide range of technology platforms and assets and increase our probability of success. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we expect to progress up to two new development candidates into preclinical development later in 2025. We will continue to engage in pipeline expansion initiatives with the goal of discovering, acquiring and/or in-licensing promising investigational oncology assets and then further characterize and develop them utilizing our established preclinical and clinical development infrastructure.
Third Quarter 2025 Business Updates and Financial Highlights
During the third quarter of 2025, we continued to execute on our business objectives, generating significant revenues from operations and enabling us to continue to seek to maximize the clinical and commercial potential of our products and expand our product pipeline. Significant business updates and financial highlights for the quarter and subsequent to quarter-end include:
Business Updates
•In August 2025, we announced the appointment of Dana T. Aftab, Ph.D. as Executive Vice President, Research and Development.
•In October 2025, we presented results from a subgroup analysis of the CABINET phase 3 pivotal trial evaluating CABOMETYX in advanced lung and thymic neuroendocrine tumors, and detailed results from the STELLAR-303 phase 3 pivotal trial evaluating zanzalintinib in combination with atezolizumab in metastatic CRC, at ESMO 2025. The results from STELLAR-303 were concurrently published in The Lancet.
•In October 2025, we announced that our Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $750 million of our common stock before December 31, 2026. This repurchase authorization is in addition to the two $500 million repurchase authorizations announced in August 2024 and February 2025. Under these programs, as of September 30, 2025, we have repurchased $895.3 million of our common stock, at an average price of $37.18 per share.
Financial Highlights
•Net product revenues for the third quarter of 2025 were $542.9 million, as compared to $478.1 million for the third quarter of 2024.
•Total revenues for the third quarter of 2025 were $597.8 million, as compared to $539.5 million for the third quarter of 2024.
•Research and development expenses for the third quarter of 2025 were $199.2 million, as compared to $222.6 million for the third quarter of 2024.
•Selling, general and administrative expenses for the third quarter of 2025 were $123.7 million, as compared to $111.8 million for the third quarter of 2024.
•Provision for income taxes for the third quarter of 2025 was $58.8 million, as compared to $36.8 million for the third quarter of 2024.
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•Net income for the third quarter of 2025 was $193.6 million, or $0.72 per share, basic and $0.69 per share, diluted, as compared to net income of $118.0 million, or $0.41 per share, basic and $0.40 per share, diluted, for the third quarter of 2024.
See “Results of Operations” below for a discussion of the detailed components and analysis of the amounts above.
Outlook, Challenges and Risks
We will continue to face numerous challenges and risks that may impact our ability to execute on our business objectives. In particular, for the foreseeable future, we expect our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to fund our business operations and growth will depend upon the continued commercial success of CABOMETYX, both alone and in combination with other therapies, as a treatment for the highly competitive indications for which it is approved. In addition, CABOMETYX will only continue to be commercially successful if private third-party and government payers continue to provide coverage and reimbursement. As is the case for all innovative pharmaceutical therapies, obtaining and maintaining coverage and reimbursement for CABOMETYX is becoming increasingly difficult, both within the U.S. and in foreign markets. Further, healthcare policymakers in the U.S. continue to express concern over healthcare costs, and corresponding legislative and policy initiatives and activities have been launched aimed at increasing the healthcare cost burdens borne by pharmaceutical manufacturers, as well as expanding access to, and restricting the prices and growth in prices of, pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the U.S. Presidential administration has suggested that it may impose tariffs on imported pharmaceuticals.
Achievement of our business objectives will also depend on our ability to maintain a competitive position in the shifting landscape of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer, which we may not be able to do. On an ongoing basis, we assess the constantly evolving landscape of other approved and investigational cancer therapies that could be competitive, or complementary in combination, with our products, and then we adapt our development strategies for the cabozantinib franchise and our pipeline product candidates accordingly, such as by modifying our clinical trials to include evaluation of our therapies with ICIs and other targeted agents. Even if our current and future clinical trials produce positive results sufficient to obtain marketing approval by the FDA and other global regulatory authorities, it is uncertain whether physicians will choose to prescribe regimens containing our products instead of competing products and product combinations in approved indications.
In the longer term, we may eventually face competition from potential manufacturers of generic or other versions of our marketed products, including any cabozantinib (S)-malate tablets besides CABOMETYX that are the subject of ANDAs submitted to the FDA by MSN and Sun or the 505(b)(2) submitted to the FDA by Azurity. The approval of any of these ANDAs and subsequent launch of any generic version of CABOMETYX could significantly decrease our revenues derived from the U.S. sales of CABOMETYX and thereby materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Separately, our research and development objectives may be impeded by the challenges of scaling our organization to meet the demands of expanded drug development, unanticipated delays in clinical testing and the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with drug discovery operations, especially on the global level. In connection with efforts to expand our product pipeline, we may be unsuccessful in discovering new potential cancer treatments or identifying appropriate candidates for in-licensing or acquisition.
Some of these challenges and risks are specific to our business, others are common to companies in the biopharmaceutical industry with development and commercial operations, and an additional category are macroeconomic, affecting all companies. For a more detailed discussion of challenges and risks we face, see “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our 2024 Form 10-K, as supplemented and, to the extent inconsistent or superseded in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.
Fiscal Year Convention
We have adopted a 52- or 53-week fiscal year policy that generally ends on the Friday closest to December 31. Fiscal year 2025, which is a 52-week fiscal year, will end on January 2, 2026 and fiscal year 2024, which was a 53-week fiscal year, ended on January 3, 2025. The 52-week fiscal year in 2025 may result in a modest year-over-year impact on revenues and expenses, as compared to 2024. For convenience, references in this report as of and for the fiscal periods ended October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, and as of and for the fiscal years ending January 2, 2026 and ended January 3, 2025, are indicated as being as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, and the years ending December 31, 2025 and ended December 31, 2024, respectively.
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Results of Operations
Revenues
Revenues by category were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | $ | 542,930 | $ | 478,059 | 14 | % | $ | 1,576,227 | $ | 1,294,163 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| License revenues | 56,236 | 60,239 | -7 | % | 148,017 | 299,901 | -51 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collaboration services revenues | (1,411) | 1,244 | n/a | (2,781) | 7,882 | n/a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total collaboration revenues | $ | 54,825 | $ | 61,483 | -11 | % | $ | 145,236 | $ | 307,783 | -53 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 597,755 | $ | 539,542 | 11 | % | $ | 1,721,463 | $ | 1,601,946 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Product Revenues
Gross product revenues, discounts and allowances and net product revenues were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross product revenues | $ | 780,272 | $ | 646,419 | 21 | % | $ | 2,247,263 | $ | 1,814,495 | 24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discounts and allowances | (237,342) | (168,360) | 41 | % | (671,036) | (520,332) | 29 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | $ | 542,930 | $ | 478,059 | 14 | % | $ | 1,576,227 | $ | 1,294,163 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net product revenues by product were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CABOMETYX | $ | 539,878 | $ | 475,665 | 13 | % | $ | 1,568,640 | $ | 1,285,423 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| COMETRIQ | 3,052 | 2,394 | 27 | % | 7,587 | 8,740 | -13 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product revenues | $ | 542,930 | $ | 478,059 | 14 | % | $ | 1,576,227 | $ | 1,294,163 | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The increases in net product revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, were primarily related to increases of 17% and 21%, respectively, in the number of CABOMETYX units sold reflecting continuing demand for CABOMETYX in combination with nivolumab as a first-line treatment of patients with advanced RCC, and demand for previously treated advanced NET. The increases in sales volume were largely driven by refills, reflecting the longer duration of therapy for the combination of CABOMETYX with nivolumab, and increases in related market share reflecting the continued evolution of the metastatic RCC and NET treatment landscapes.
We project our net product revenues may increase for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, as a result of the FDA’s approval in the first quarter of 2025, of CABOMETYX for patients with previously treated advanced NET and for similar reasons noted above.
We recognize product revenues net of discounts and allowances that are described in “Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
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Discounts and allowances have generally increased over time as the number of patients participating in government programs has increased and as the discounts given and rebates paid to government payers have also increased. The increases in the amount of discounts and allowances for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, were primarily the result of increases in volume of units sold, and the increases in the utilization and the dollar amount of chargebacks under the 340B Drug Pricing Program.
We project our discounts and allowances may increase for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, for similar reasons noted above.
License Revenues
License revenues primarily include: (a) the recognition of the portion of milestone payments allocated to the transfer of intellectual property licenses for which it had become probable, in the related period, that a milestone would be achieved and a significant reversal of revenues would not occur in future periods; and (b) royalty revenues.
Milestone revenues, which are allocated between license revenues and collaboration services revenues, were $5.8 million and $8.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $14.6 million and $167.7 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Milestone revenues recognized included:
•For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, $4.7 million in revenues was recognized, in connection with a $5.0 million regulatory milestone payment from Ipsen, upon approval by the EC for the treatment of patients with either advanced pNET or advanced epNET.
•For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, $11.3 million in revenues was recognized in connection with a $12.5 million regulatory milestone payment from Ipsen upon submission of a variation application to the European Medicines Agency for evaluating cabozantinib versus placebo in patients with either advanced pNET or advanced epNET. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 also included $2.2 million in license revenues recognized in connection with a commercial milestone payment from Ipsen upon its achievement of CAD$30.0 million in cumulative net sales of cabozantinib over four consecutive quarters in Canada.
•For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $150.0 million in license revenues was recognized in connection with a commercial milestone payment from Ipsen upon its achievement of $600.0 million in cumulative net sales of cabozantinib over four consecutive quarters in its related Ipsen license territory.
Royalty revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily as a result of increases in Ipsen’s net sales of cabozantinib outside of the U.S and Japan. Ipsen royalties were $43.0 million and $116.5 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $38.3 million and $113.0 million for the corresponding prior year periods. Royalty revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 related to Takeda’s net sales of cabozantinib were $3.3 million and $9.9 million, respectively, as compared to $3.5 million and $9.5 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior year periods. CABOMETYX is approved and is commercially available in 68 countries outside the U.S.
Due to uncertainties surrounding the timing and achievement of regulatory and development milestones, it is difficult to predict future milestone revenues and milestones can vary significantly from period to period.
Collaboration Services Revenues
Collaboration services revenues include: (a) the development cost reimbursements earned under our collaboration agreements and product supply revenues, net of product supply costs; (b) the recognition of deferred revenues for the portion of upfront and milestone payments that have been allocated to research and development services performance obligations; offset by (c) the royalties we pay to Royalty Pharma plc (Royalty Pharma) on sales by Ipsen and Takeda of products containing cabozantinib.
Development cost reimbursements decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, due to decreases in spending on studies evaluating cabozantinib that are subject to reimbursement.
Recognition of deferred revenues for the portion of upfront and milestone payments that have been allocated to research and development services performance obligations were not material in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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Collaboration services revenues are reduced by the 3% royalty we are required to pay Royalty Pharma on the net sales by Ipsen and Takeda of any products containing cabozantinib. The royalty payments due to Royalty Pharma increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, as a result of an increase in the royalty generating sales of cabozantinib by Ipsen.
We project our collaboration services revenues may decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, primarily as a result of a decrease in development cost reimbursements and an increase in royalty payments to Royalty Pharma on net sales by Ipsen for any products containing cabozantinib.
Cost of Goods Sold
The cost of goods sold and our gross margins were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | $ | 18,574 | $ | 17,328 | 7 | % | $ | 57,216 | $ | 56,251 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin % | 97 | % | 96 | % | 96 | % | 96 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold is related to our product revenues and consists of a 3% royalty payable on U.S. net sales of any product containing cabozantinib, as well as the cost of inventory sold, indirect labor costs, write-downs related to expiring, excess and obsolete inventory and other third-party logistics costs. The increase in cost of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, was primarily due to an increase in royalties as a result of increased U.S. CABOMETYX sales, partially offset by a decrease in certain period costs, including a decrease in write-downs for excess inventory. We project our gross margin will not change significantly during the remainder of 2025.
Research and Development Expenses
We do not track fully burdened research and development expenses on a project-by-project basis. We group our research and development expenses into three categories: (a) development; (b) drug discovery; and (c) other research and development. Our development group leads the development and implementation of our clinical and regulatory strategies and prioritizes disease indications in which our compounds are being or may be studied in clinical trials.
Development expenses include license and other collaboration costs, primarily composed of upfront license fees, development milestones and other payments associated with our clinical-stage in-licensing collaboration programs, clinical trial costs, personnel expenses, consulting and outside services and other development costs, including manufacturing costs of our drug development candidates. Our drug discovery group utilizes a variety of technologies, including in-licensed technologies, to enable the rapid discovery, optimization and extensive characterization of lead compounds and biotherapeutics such that we are able to select development candidates with the best potential for further evaluation and advancement into clinical development. Drug discovery expenses include license and other collaboration costs primarily composed of upfront license fees, research funding commitments, option exercise fees, development milestones and other payments associated with our in-licensing collaboration programs in preclinical development stage. Other drug discovery costs include personnel expenses, consulting and outside services and laboratory supplies. Other research and development expenses include the allocation of general corporate costs to research and development services and development cost reimbursements in connection with certain of our collaboration arrangements.
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Research and development expenses by category were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Development: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinical trial costs | $ | 61,606 | $ | 73,599 | -16 | % | $ | 180,091 | $ | 207,532 | -13 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personnel expenses | 39,494 | 43,105 | -8 | % | 138,492 | 135,915 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License and other collaboration costs | 2,000 | 10,000 | -80 | % | 9,500 | 27,500 | -65 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consulting and outside services | 13,583 | 10,621 | 28 | % | 42,607 | 34,654 | 23 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other development costs | 16,962 | 21,040 | -19 | % | 50,331 | 71,885 | -30 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total development | 133,645 | 158,365 | -16 | % | 421,021 | 477,486 | -12 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Drug discovery: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License and other collaboration costs | 6,366 | 8,662 | -27 | % | 9,779 | 19,725 | -50 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other drug discovery costs | 17,472 | 16,559 | 6 | % | 53,669 | 53,082 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total drug discovery | 23,838 | 25,221 | -5 | % | 63,448 | 72,807 | -13 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 10,353 | 8,764 | 18 | % | 34,018 | 21,834 | 56 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other research and development | 31,328 | 30,220 | 4 | % | 93,266 | 89,279 | 4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total research and development expenses | $ | 199,164 | $ | 222,570 | -11 | % | $ | 611,753 | $ | 661,406 | -8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In addition, we track our external clinical trial costs by product and product candidate and by scientific modalities, which are categorized as small molecule and biotherapeutics programs. Small molecule clinical development for the reported periods were primarily composed of cabozantinib and zanzalintinib. Biotherapeutics clinical development for the reported periods were primarily composed of XB010, XB628, and XB002.
Clinical trial costs by scientific modalities, by product and by product candidate were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Small molecules: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zanzalintinib | $ | 41,626 | $ | 33,107 | 26 | % | $ | 121,373 | $ | 104,208 | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cabozantinib | 6,753 | 16,245 | -58 | % | 25,205 | 50,970 | -51 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other small molecules | 6,041 | 6,082 | -1 | % | 16,164 | 13,661 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total small molecules | 54,420 | 55,434 | -2 | % | 162,742 | 168,839 | -4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biotherapeutics | 7,186 | 18,165 | -60 | % | 17,349 | 38,693 | -55 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total clinical trial costs | $ | 61,606 | $ | 73,599 | -16 | % | $ | 180,091 | $ | 207,532 | -13 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The decreases in research and development expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, were primarily related to decreases in license and other collaboration costs, clinical trial costs and manufacturing costs to support our development candidates (presented as part of other development costs), partially offset by increases in stock-based compensation, and consulting and outside services.
Development-related license and other collaboration costs decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to lower development milestone achievement in our clinical-stage in-licensing collaboration programs. Drug discovery-related license and other collaboration costs decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to lower development milestone achievement in our discovery-stage in-licensing collaboration programs and lower research funding, partially offset by increases in upfront payments for in-process research and development technology.
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Clinical trial costs decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to lower costs associated with XB002 and with studies evaluating cabozantinib, partially offset by higher costs associated with zanzalintinib, XL309, and XB628 studies.
In addition to reviewing the three categories of research and development expenses described above, we principally consider qualitative factors in making decisions regarding our research and development programs. These factors include enrollment in clinical trials for our product candidates, preliminary data and final results from clinical trials, the potential market indications and overall clinical and commercial potential for our product candidates, and competitive dynamics. We also make our research and development decisions in the context of our overall business strategy.
We project that clinical trial costs may decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, primarily driven by lower costs associated with various studies evaluating cabozantinib, zanzalintinib, XL495 and XB002, partially offset by higher costs associated with the XB371, XB628 and XB010 studies.
To continue growing our pipeline, we are prioritizing investment in new molecules that are clinically differentiated with the potential to improve the standard of care for our cancer patients, including current and planned clinical trial programs evaluating zanzalintinib, XL309, XB628, XB371 and XB010. We are working to expand our oncology product pipeline through drug discovery efforts, which encompass our diverse biotherapeutics and small molecule programs exploring multiple modalities and mechanisms of action. This approach provides a high degree of flexibility with respect to target selection and allows us to prioritize those targets that we believe have the greatest chance of yielding impactful therapeutics. As part of our strategy, our drug discovery activities have included and continue to include internal research, as well as external research collaborations, in-licensing arrangements and other strategic transactions that collectively incorporate a wide range of technology platforms and assets and increase our probability of success. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we expect to progress up to two new development candidates into preclinical development later in 2025. We will continue to engage in pipeline expansion initiatives with the goal of acquiring and in-licensing promising investigational oncology assets and then further characterize and develop them utilizing our established preclinical and clinical development infrastructure.
We project our research and development expenses may decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by decreases in license and other collaboration costs, manufacturing costs to support our development candidates, personnel expenses and clinical trial costs, partially offset by increases in consulting and outside services.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1) | $ | 103,129 | $ | 97,542 | 6 | % | $ | 336,835 | $ | 312,144 | 8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 20,532 | 14,259 | 44 | % | 58,868 | 45,656 | 29 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 123,661 | $ | 111,801 | 11 | % | $ | 395,703 | $ | 357,800 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________________
(1) Excludes stock-based compensation allocated to selling, general and administrative expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, stock-based compensation, marketing costs and certain other administrative costs.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, was primarily due to increases in stock-based compensation and consulting and outside services. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, was primarily due to increases in stock-based compensation, marketing activities in support of the commercial launch of CABOMETYX for the treatment of patients with previously treated advanced NET, and personnel expenses, partially offset by a decrease in corporate giving.
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We project our selling, general and administrative expenses may decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, primarily driven by a decrease in corporate giving and lower expenses as a result of the impact of the 2025 Plan.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of long-lived assets, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, were related to certain leased facilities at our Alameda campus, which were listed for sublease during the third quarter of fiscal year 2024. As a result, we assessed the impacted asset groups for impairment and concluded that the related right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements were not fully recoverable as of September 30, 2024, and recognized a $51.7 million non-cash impairment charge. See “Note 6. Fair Value measurements” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
Impairment of long-lived assets were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of long-lived assets | $ | — | $ | 51,672 | -100 | % | $ | — | $ | 51,672 | -100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring Expenses
Restructuring expenses, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, resulted from the execution of the 2025 Plan to reorganize our workforce and close our office located in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. Restructuring expenses primarily consisted of severance and employee-related costs. See “Note 12. Restructuring” of the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
Restructuring expenses, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, resulted from the execution of the 2024 Plan to reduce our workforce and rebalance our cost structure in alignment with our strategic priorities. Restructuring expenses consisted of severance and employee-related costs, asset impairment, and contract termination costs.
Restructuring expenses were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring expenses | $ | 19,816 | $ | 96 | n/a | $ | 19,816 | $ | 33,406 | -41 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Operating Income
Non-operating income was as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | 15,922 | $ | 18,709 | -15 | % | $ | 51,787 | $ | 55,861 | -7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses, net | (49) | (29) | 69 | % | (244) | (405) | -40 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-operating income | $ | 15,873 | $ | 18,680 | -15 | % | $ | 51,543 | $ | 55,456 | -7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The decreases in non-operating income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, were primarily the result of a decrease in interest income due to lower average interest-bearing investment balances, and lower average interest rates.
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Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes and the effective tax rates were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | $ | 58,835 | $ | 36,782 | 60 | % | $ | 150,476 | $ | 115,461 | 30 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | 23.3 | % | 23.8 | % | 21.9 | % | 23.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to state taxes, offset by excess tax benefits related to certain stock grants. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21%, primarily due to state taxes, offset by the generation of federal tax credits.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2025, we had $1.6 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, as compared to $1.7 billion as of December 31, 2024. We anticipate that the aggregate of our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities available for operations, net product revenues and collaboration revenues will enable us to maintain our operations for at least 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.
Our primary cash requirements for operating activities, which we project will decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding period in 2024, are employee-related expenditures; payments related to our collaboration and development programs; income tax payments; royalty payments on our net product sales; cash payments for inventory; rent payments for our leased facilities; and contract manufacturing payments.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, signed into law on December 22, 2017, modified the tax treatment of research and experimental (R&E) expenditures beginning in fiscal year 2022, requiring that they must be capitalized and amortized ratably over five years for domestic R&E expenditures or 15 years for foreign R&E expenditures. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law on July 4, 2025, which, among other provisions, permanently repeals the requirement to capitalize domestic R&E expenditures for federal income tax purposes for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, and allows for the accelerated deduction of any remaining unamortized domestic R&E expenditures. Foreign R&E expenditures are still required to be capitalized and amortized ratably over 15 years. The federal cash tax benefit for previously unamortized domestic R&E expenditures is estimated at $147 million with no corresponding impact to the federal income tax provision.
Our primary sources of operating cash are: cash collections from customers related to net product revenues, which we project may increase for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding period in 2024; cash collections related to milestones achieved and royalties earned from our commercial collaboration arrangements with Ipsen, Takeda and others; and cash collections for cost reimbursements under certain of our development programs with Ipsen and Takeda which we project may decrease for the remainder of 2025, as compared to the corresponding period in 2024. The timing of cash generated from commercial collaborations and cash payments required for in-licensing collaborations relative to upfront license fee payments, cost reimbursements, exercise of option payments and other contingent payments such as development milestone payments may vary from period to period.
We project that we may continue to spend significant amounts of cash to fund the development of product candidates in our pipeline, including zanzalintinib, XL309, XB628, XB371 and XB010, and the development and commercialization of cabozantinib. In addition, we may continue to expand our oncology product pipeline through additional research collaborations, in-licensing arrangements and other strategic transactions that align with our oncology drug development, regulatory and commercial expertise.
In August 2024, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. In February 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. Under these programs, as of September 30, 2025, we repurchased 24.1 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $895.3 million. As of September 30, 2025, approximately $104.7 million remained available for future stock repurchases before December 31, 2025. In October 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional
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$750.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2026. Stock repurchases under these programs may be made from time to time through a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, in block trades, Rule 10b5-1 trading plans, accelerated share repurchase transactions, exchange transactions, or any combination of such methods. The timing and amount of any stock repurchases under the stock repurchase programs will be based on a variety of factors, including ongoing assessments of the capital needs of the business, alternative investment opportunities, the market price of our common stock and general market conditions. These programs do not obligate us to acquire any amount of our common stock, and the stock repurchase programs may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
Financing these activities could materially impact our liquidity and capital resources and may require us to incur debt or raise additional funds through the issuance of equity. Furthermore, even though we believe we have sufficient funds for our current and future operating plans, we may choose to incur debt or raise additional funds through the issuance of equity based on market conditions or strategic considerations.
Sources and Uses of Cash (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Percent Change | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Working capital | $ | 1,028,480 | $ | 1,063,810 | -3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | $ | 1,566,822 | $ | 1,748,567 | -10 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Working Capital: The decrease in working capital as of September 30, 2025, as compared to December 31, 2024, was primarily due to repurchases of our common stock, partially offset by the favorable impact to our net current assets resulting from our increase in net product revenues. In the future, our working capital may be impacted by one of these factors or other factors, the amounts and timing of which are variable.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities: Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of deposits at major banks, money market funds, commercial paper and other securities with original maturities 90 days or less. Marketable securities primarily consist of debt securities available-for-sale and certificates of deposit. For additional information regarding our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, see “Note 5. Cash and Marketable Securities” of the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The decrease in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2025, as compared to December 31, 2024, was primarily due to cash payments to repurchase our common stock, payments to support our development and discovery programs and cash payments for employee-related expenditures, partially offset by cash inflows generated by our operations from sales of our products and our commercial collaboration arrangements.
Cash flow activities were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 550,752 | $ | 459,708 | 20 | % | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | 323,200 | $ | (23,582) | n/a | ||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (715,026) | $ | (440,774) | 62 | % | |||||||||||
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities is derived by adjusting our net income for non-cash operating items such as deferred taxes, stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, non-cash lease expense, impairment of long-lived assets, acquired in-process research and development technology, and changes in operating assets and liabilities, which reflect timing differences between the receipt and payment of cash associated with transactions and when they are recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Net cash provided by operating activities increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, primarily due to an increase in cash received on sales of our products and a decrease in cash paid for certain operating expenses.
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Investing Activities
The changes in cash flows from investing activities primarily relates to the timing of marketable securities investment activity, acquisition of in-process research and development technology and capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures primarily consist of investments to expand our operations and acquire assets that further support our research and development activities.
Net cash was provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to net cash used in investing activities in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to an increase in cash proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities and decreases in purchases of marketable securities, purchases of property and equipment, and purchases of in-process research and development technology related to certain in-licensing collaboration arrangements.
Financing Activities
The changes in cash flows from financing activities primarily relate to payments for repurchases of common stock, proceeds from employee stock programs and taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards.
Net cash used in financing activities increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding prior year period, primarily due to increases in payments for repurchases of common stock and withholding taxes remitted to the government related to net share settlements of equity awards.
Contractual Obligations
There were no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business in our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2025 from those disclosed in our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K. For more information about our leases and our other contractual obligations, see “Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II, Item 8 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements conforms to accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. which requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses and related disclosures. An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and if different estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to occur periodically, could materially impact our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to: those related to revenue recognition, including determining the nature and timing of satisfaction of performance obligations, and determining the standalone selling price of performance obligations, and variable consideration such as rebates, chargebacks, sales returns and sales allowances as well as milestones included in collaboration arrangements; the accrual for certain liabilities, including accrued clinical trial liabilities; and valuations of equity awards used to determine stock-based compensation, including certain awards with vesting subject to market or performance conditions; and the amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities, including the related valuation allowance. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other market-specific and other relevant assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our senior management has discussed the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
We believe our critical accounting policies relating to revenue recognition, clinical trial and collaboration accruals, stock-based compensation and income taxes reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7 of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a description of the expected impact of recent accounting pronouncements, see “Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Our market risks, as of September 30, 2025, have not changed significantly from those described in Part II, Item 7A of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)) required by Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
A control system, no matter how well-conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, if any, within an organization have been detected. Accordingly, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of our disclosure control system are met and, as set forth above, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of our disclosure control system were met.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
The information required to be set forth under this Item 1 is incorporated by reference to “Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies – Legal Proceedings” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In addition to the information discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully review and consider the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K, as updated by the information appearing in Part II, Item 1A of our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q (Forms 10-Q). These risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The risks and uncertainties described therein are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we deem immaterial also may impair our business operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes to the risk factors described in our Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K and Forms 10-Q.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
In August 2024, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. In February 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2025. Under these programs, as of September 30, 2025, we repurchased 24.1 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $895.3 million. As of September 30, 2025, approximately $104.7 million remained available for future stock repurchases before December 31, 2025. In October 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $750.0 million of our outstanding common stock before December 31, 2026.
The following table summarizes the stock repurchase activity for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and the approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased pursuant to our stock repurchase programs (in thousands, except per share data):
| Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| July 5, 2025 - August 1, 2025 | 1,970 | $ | 42.64 | 1,970 | $ | 119,737 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 - August 29, 2025 | 405 | $ | 37.08 | 405 | $ | 104,737 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 30, 2025 - October 3, 2025 | — | $ | — | — | $ | 104,737 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 2,375 | 2,375 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock repurchases under these programs may be made from time to time through a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, in block trades, Rule 10b5-1 trading plans, accelerated share repurchase transactions, exchange transactions, or any combination of such methods. The timing and amount of any stock repurchases under the stock repurchase programs will be based on a variety of factors, including ongoing assessments of the capital needs of the business, alternative investment opportunities, the market price of our common stock and general market conditions. These programs do not obligate us to acquire any amount of our common stock, and the stock repurchase programs may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.
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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
As reported by the Company in its Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 29, 2025, effective as of the same date, Amy C. Peterson, M.D., concluded her service as Executive Vice President, Product Development and Medical Affairs, and Chief Medical Officer of the Company.
In connection with her departure from the Company, the Company and Dr. Peterson entered into a Separation Agreement (the “Separation Agreement”) on November 3, 2025. Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, Dr. Peterson and her designated recipient will receive: (i) the severance payments and benefits that she is entitled to under the Company’s Change in Control and Severance Benefit Plan (“Plan”); and (ii) an amount in consideration of any unvested stock options and restricted stock units forfeited pursuant to the Plan, in the gross amount of $1,000,000, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Separation Agreement, including execution and non-revocation of the Release of Claims attached thereto.
The foregoing description of the Separation Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Separation Agreement, which is expected to be filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending on Friday, January 2, 2026.
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no directors or Section 16 officers of the Company adopted terminated
Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Incorporation by Reference | Filed Herewith | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Form | File Number | Exhibit/ Appendix Reference | Filing Date | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.1 | 10-Q | 000-30235 | 3.1 | 8/5/2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.2 | 10-Q | 000-30235 | 3.2 | 4/30/2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.3 | 8-K | 000-30235 | 3.1 | 12/20/2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.1 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.2 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.1‡ | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | The XBRL instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Incorporation by Reference | Filed Herewith | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Form | File Number | Exhibit/ Appendix Reference | Filing Date | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡ | This certification accompanies this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is not deemed filed with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Exelixis, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
EXELIXIS, INC. | |||||||||||
| November 4, 2025 | By: | /s/ Christopher J. Senner | |||||||||
| Date | Christopher J. Senner | ||||||||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |||||||||||
| (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |||||||||||
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a),
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Michael M. Morrissey, Ph.D., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Exelixis, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| /s/ Michael M. Morrissey | ||
| Michael M. Morrissey, Ph.D. | ||
| President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
Date: November 4, 2025
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a),
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Christopher J. Senner, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Exelixis, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
| /s/ Christopher J. Senner | ||
| Christopher J. Senner | ||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | ||
Date: November 4, 2025
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Michael M. Morrissey, Ph.D., the President and Chief Executive Officer of Exelixis, Inc. (the “Company”), and Christopher J. Senner, the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies that, to the best of his knowledge:
1.The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended October 3, 2025, to which this Certification is attached as Exhibit 32.1 (the “Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
In Witness Whereof, the undersigned have set their hands hereto as of the 4th day of November 2025.
| /s/ Michael M. Morrissey | /s/ Christopher J. Senner | |||||||||||||
| Michael M. Morrissey, Ph.D. | Christopher J. Senner | |||||||||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | |||||||||||||