LifeStance Health Group, Inc. Q2 FY2021 Earnings Call

Good afternoon everyone and welcome to LifeStance Health Second Quarter 2021 Conference Call. The earnings press release and accompanying presentation can be accessed on the Investors section on the company's website as will be the recording of today's call which will be available for replay. Before turning the call over to management for their prepared remarks, please direct your attention to the disclosure on slide two of the presentation as well as the disclaimers about the forward-looking statements including the earnings press release and SEC filings. Today's remarks contain forward-looking statements including statements about our 2021 financial performance outlook and exclude the possible future impact of COVID-19 pandemic on our business. Those statements involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially. In addition, please note that we report the non-GAAP financial measures which we believe provide additional information for investors to help facilitate comparison of prior and present performance. A reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is included in the earnings press release, tables, and presentation appendix. At this time I'll turn the call over to Michael Lester, LifeStance Health CEO.

Thank you, Christian and good afternoon everyone. Please turn to slide three. Welcome to our inaugural earnings call to discuss our second quarter 2021 results. Before we begin, I want to thank all our 5,000 employees for helping LifeStance Health deliver our first quarter as a public company. Everyone is very proud of what we have built over the past four years and what we have achieved in being able to help people lead healthier, more fulfilling lives by improving access to trusted, affordable, and personalized mental health care. We're excited to have so many shareholders and analysts joining us today after our successful initial public offering. As you can see on slide four, we completed our IPO on June 10th, offering 46 million shares on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange under the ticker LFST with an upsized offering price of $18 per share which resulted in net proceeds of approximately $550 million. Please turn to slide five, I'm joined today by Danish Qureshi, our Chief Growth Officer; and Mike Bruff, our Chief Financial Officer who together with other key leaders make up our highly experienced leadership team, a team that has deep knowledge in the health care and technology sectors as well as growth execution. Mike Bruff will be providing a detailed review of Q2 results in a few minutes, but I wanted to provide some quick highlights on slide six. We delivered on strong growth in the quarter with revenue increasing over 90% year-over-year and adjusted EBITDA growing almost 40%. Our clinician base grew 94% year-over-year and was a key driver of our revenue performance. We ended the second quarter with a cash position of $276 million. Additionally, we also established the LifeStance Health Foundation with an additional endowment of $10 million. I'll touch more on the foundation's activity shortly. Please turn to slide seven. For those investors who may be less familiar with LifeStance, I'd like to provide some background on the company and the market we serve. Since our founding in 2017, our revenue and adjusted EBITDA have grown rapidly driven by our strong hybrid business model and unique clinician value proposition, increasing demand for mental health care services, and the great care that our clinicians and team members provide to patients. Between 2018 and 2020, we grew revenue and adjusted EBITDA at CAGRs of 94% and 179% respectively, doubling adjusted EBITDA margin rates to over 13% during that time. We also generated revenue of $524 million on a trailing 12-month basis ending June 30, 2021. The market we serve is large, fragmented, and growing. And the demand for our services is robust. Today, we estimate that our addressable market is $116 billion growing to $215 billion by 2025, representing a 14% CAGR. We built a platform of nearly 4,000 clinicians across 31 states, representing a formidable first-mover advantage. A few other highlights about the company's differentiated approach. First, our platform is a hybrid model. Depending on the patient's needs and preferences, we can provide in-person care in over 450 of our centers nationally or virtually via our telehealth platform, as well as a combination of both. We support a consistent experience across channels with a unique and comprehensive suite of digital capabilities that allow clinicians to track outcomes and adjust treatment plans while freeing up administrative time to focus on patients. Second, we are improving patient access by delivering services through an in-network commercially insured model, where we're partnered with over 200 commercial payers nationwide. Third, our clinicians are directly employed, not a network of independent contractors. This enables us to build a culture that centers around our clinicians. We have a six-point clinician value proposition which includes a mission-driven culture, a collegial work environment with cross collaboration, a strong work-life balance, a heavy investment in digital tools, robust support services, and a competitive compensation package. And lastly, we recognize that primary care physicians are the first line of health for patients seeking mental health care. It's difficult for patients to find a mental health clinician, let alone one that accepts their insurance and is within their local geography. This has led us to partner with over 2,000 primary care physicians, including co-locating some of our clinicians inside large primary care group practices. LifeStance Health provides the right mental health clinician in the right location, with the right insurance platform, enabling greater accessibility to patients in need. In summary, our differentiated hybrid care model offers convenient, affordable, and high-quality care for patients and will continue to support our strong growth. I'm now on slide 8. LifeStance Health is a mission-driven company. Our mission is to help people lead healthier, more fulfilling lives by improving access to trusted, affordable, and personalized mental health. Turning to slide 9. Beyond being mission-driven, LifeStance is also committed to acting responsibly as a corporation. While the ESG framework is somewhat new to us having been a private company up until recently, the concept of responsible environmental, social, and governance practices is not. As a health care company, the social component is highly relevant and a driver of our purpose. By expanding access to quality in mental health care, we will deliver results to our investors. Looking at diversity and inclusion, nearly one-third of our Board of Directors and 50% of our executive leadership team is diverse by gender, race, or ethnicity. Additionally, the majority of our clinicians are female and nearly a quarter of our employees identify as diverse by race or ethnicity. Our National Diversity Equity Inclusion Committee is chaired by our Chief Medical Officer and is organized with team members across the country in pursuit of our four pillars of DEI: representation, cultural intelligence, equity, inclusion. Our commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion supports our clinicians to build a strong therapeutic alliance with patients in addition to contributing to our workplace culture. As it relates to corporate stewardship and social responsibility, we recently established the LifeStance Health Foundation with a $10 million endowment funded by our shares and proceeds from our recent IPO. The foundation focuses on mental health in especially vulnerable populations, youth and adolescents, underrepresented minority communities, and the underemployed and uninsured. As you can see on slide 10, in July, the LifeStance Health Foundation announced a partnership with The Mental Health Coalition to end the stigma around mental health conditions and support our shared vision of a truly healthy society. This partnership complements LifeStance's recently announced No Face campaign, which was developed to encourage candid conversations about mental health and reduce the stigma around seeking treatment. People can join the movement to destigmatize mental health by uploading a selfie on Instagram with the hashtag #Not1Face. Additionally, after being inspired by multiple athletes bravely sharing their own personal struggles with mental health publicly, the foundation donated $30,000 to the US Olympic and Paralympic Foundation in support of athletes demonstrating that mental health is physical health. I will now turn the call over to Danish to provide more on our growth strategy.

Thanks Mike, and good afternoon, everyone. I also want to reiterate how proud we are of our over 5,000 mission-driven team members that help build LifeStance Health over the last four years and who continue to reimagine how to improve access to quality mental health care and deliver on our unique value proposition. Please turn to slide 12, which highlights our growth strategy. Mike laid out our mission and the benefits of our hybrid business model. I'll spend some time in this section discussing our strategy to drive short- and long-term sustainable growth. We take a disciplined approach to our strategy underpinned by three core pillars, each with its own ability to drive differentiated growth. The first pillar of our growth strategy continues to be geographic expansion into new markets both organically and through acquisition. We take a focused approach to identifying attractive new markets based on patient demographics, payer concentration, clinician coverage, and the prevalence of high-quality acquisition opportunities. In the second quarter, we expanded into five new states, bringing our total to 31 states with in-person clinics. I'll provide some additional detail on our footprint in a moment on the next slide. The second pillar of our growth strategy is to build out density in existing markets through first hiring new clinicians; second, opening de novo centers; and third, additional tuck-in acquisitions. As Mike discussed, clinicians are a critical part of our growth. Through our in-house recruiting team and acquisition efforts, which focus on attracting and retaining high-quality clinicians, we added 674 clinicians in the second quarter, bringing our total clinician base to nearly 4,000, an increase of 94% year-over-year. Additionally, during the second quarter we opened 35 de novos, a single quarter record bringing our de novo total to 183 centers. Finally, we completed 10 acquisitions bringing our total to 64 completed since company inception. The third pillar in our growth strategy is to deploy our digital services to reach the entire population of the states we operate in with a focus on speed, efficiency, and scale to profitably serve our clinicians and patients. Our unique hybrid model allows us to utilize digital tools for maximum engagement and efficiency for patients, clinicians, and LifeStance as an organization. The continued high utilization of our digital tools and our flexibility to deliver patient volumes seamlessly between in-person and virtual care is a testament to not only the resilience of our business in the face of external and environmental challenges but also remains a key differentiator for LifeStance in the marketplace. We're proud of the rapid growth of our company using a very scalable process that is consistent, repeatable, and profitable and we remain confident in our long-term growth prospects. Not only is our total addressable market expected to grow 14% through 2025 but we're also less than 1% penetrated as measured by both clinicians and patients, providing a long runway of opportunity. On slide 13, we provided a map which details our geographic presence by state. We currently operate in 31 states, cementing our position as a leading national provider of mental health services. Over the near term, we have a goal of expanding into 37 states. And longer-term we have a goal to be in all 50 providing either in-person or virtual care. In closing, let me provide an overview of the current market environment. We continue to experience strong patient demand and LifeStance remains the employer of choice for clinicians in our industry as evidenced by the higher than expected growth of our clinician base year-to-date. In fact, our ongoing recruiting and acquisition momentum is projected to deliver higher than expected clinician growth for the full year. This is a testament to the value proposition LifeStance delivers to our clinicians. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to play out, there's been a recent increase in turnover across the industries and especially within health care. LifeStance is not immune to these industry dynamics and we've experienced an increase in clinicians retiring or leaving for personal reasons. Regardless of these recent broader industry developments, we expect the benefit of our higher clinician growth to offset the lower retention rates this year. And we remain focused on consistently executing against our core growth strategy, to drive disciplined and differentiated growth. We're excited about the immense market opportunity in front of us and look forward to delivering both short- and long-term value creations to all of our investors. With that, let me now turn it over to Mike Bruff.

Thanks Danish. As the newest member of the executive team, I'm incredibly proud to serve LifeStance Health, a purpose-driven company, committed to expanding access to affordable, high-quality, and personalized mental healthcare. I'm focused on strengthening our financial operations. And building a scalable infrastructure to support the company's growth and ensuring we invest capital strategically to deliver strong returns. Please turn to slide 16, where we have included quarterly trends reflecting our key operating metrics, highlighting our consistent growth over time. Over the past four quarters, clinician count, revenue, and Center Margin have all approximately doubled. For the second quarter, total revenue was $160.5 million, up 91% year-over-year, primarily driven by the 94% increase in clinicians achieved through both hiring and acquisitions. Center Margin of $51.2 million doubled over the same period last year with margins expanding by 140 basis points to 31.9%, primarily driven by overall clinician growth and continued clinician ramp in the 2020 De Novo Vintage. Adjusted EBITDA was $14.5 million, up 39% year-over-year. Center Margin performance powered the year-over-year dollar increase. However, investments in growth initiatives within our digital, marketing, and business development teams and in public company infrastructure resulted in adjusted EBITDA margin at 9.1% of revenue down 330 basis points year-over-year. These ongoing investments will support and sustain our growth priorities and generate operating leverage over time. Moving to slide 17, and our balance sheet, as Mike mentioned, the company received net proceeds of approximately $550 million from our recent IPO. We used $303 million of the proceeds for debt repayment, with the remaining proceeds of approximately $247 million retained for general corporate purposes. We used $7 million in operating cash in the six months ended June 30th, including an $8.8 million charge related to the voluntary prepayment of a portion of the outstanding debt. Capital expenditures including De Novo Center openings was $31.8 million in the six months ended June 30th. Additionally, we deployed $39.1 million for capital acquisitions over the same period. We ended the quarter with cash and cash equivalents of $276.2 million and long-term debt of $158.7 million with no material payments coming due until 2026. From a capital allocation perspective, we continue to prioritize investing in organic and inorganic growth opportunities to grow share in our fragmented addressable market. Additionally, we will remain disciplined to ensure that we have the flexibility and capacity to be strategic and successfully navigate different business environments. And now turning to our outlook for the remainder of 2021, I'm on slide 18. Given we IPO-ed mid-year and in an effort to help you understand and model our business and performance, we will be providing quarterly and full-year guidance for the remainder of 2021. When we announce our fourth quarter and full-year results in early 2022, we will outline our formal guidance policy going forward. For the full year 2021, we expect total revenues of $668 million to $678 million, Center Margin of $198 million to $208 million, adjusted EBITDA of $47 million to $53 million. For the third quarter, we expect total revenues of $168 million to $173 million, Center Margin of $47 million to $52 million, and adjusted EBITDA of $8 million to $11 million. And for the fourth quarter, we expect total revenues of $196 million to $201 million, Center Margin of $56 million to $61 million, and adjusted EBITDA of $12 million to $15 million. Our outlook takes into consideration the following factors. First, our clinician value proposition remains strong, as evidenced by the net addition of nearly 700 clinicians in the quarter, which is above company expectations. And while we are assuming a continuation of lower retention rates for the remainder of the year, our ongoing recruiting and acquisition momentum is expected to deliver a higher-than-expected clinician base for the full year. However, new clinician additions have lower productivity for the first four to six months, and therefore will not immediately offset the impact from higher turnover, a dynamic we expect to negatively impact Center Margin and adjusted EBITDA by approximately $7 million to $9 million. Second, we are increasing our investments in the back half of the year to support and sustain the higher-than-expected clinician growth. These investments will primarily focus on continuing to build the regional infrastructure, as well as drive business process optimization and are expected to have an estimated impact on adjusted EBITDA of $8 million to $10 million. Given the growth momentum of our clinician base, we believe these investments are the right approach. We have growth drivers in place to take advantage of the immense market opportunity and we are confident in our ability to achieve our long-term adjusted EBITDA margin target of 25%. It's important to note that our outlook does not assume any material changes in the current environment as it pertains to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the current labor market conditions. With that, I'll turn it back to Mike for a few words before going to Q&A.

Thanks Mike. On slide 19. Thank you for joining us for our inaugural earnings call and for your interest in LifeStance. It's an exciting time at the company, as we emerge from our IPO, driven and focused on delivering growth while living our mission, to help people lead healthier, more fulfilling lives by improving access to trusted, affordable, and personalized mental health care. We have an energized leadership team and a clear path to capture the large and expanding market opportunity, supported by solid cash generation and a strong acquisition pipeline. At the same time, we're focused on an operational execution to drive efficiencies and profitability. I want to close by once again thanking all LifeStance clinicians, team members, and partners for their support and dedication to our mission in growing our company. We are so fortunate to be on this journey together toward a truly healthier society. Thank you for your commitment to deliver trusted, affordable, and personalized mental health care. With that, let's move to Q&A. Christian?

Thank you, sir. Your first question is from Craig Hettenbach from Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Yes. Thanks. It's Craig on for Ricky. Appreciate the color on the impact to EBITDA in terms of the clinicians and investments. Can you just take a step further on the clinician understanding the low productivity, if there's any other things you can do over time to kind of perhaps offset that or improve it? And then on the investments, maybe just talk through how you've been thinking about this as the year has progressed? Is it incremental growth opportunities are coming in and then you're adjusting accordingly or just how the investment planning has progressed through the year?

Thank you for the question. I apologize that Ricky couldn't be on the call. We're looking forward to discussing this with her as well. If you’ll allow me a few minutes, I’d like to provide some additional insights. In the first quarter, we met our growth expectations both in terms of clinicians and revenue. By the second quarter, we experienced an increase in clinician growth momentum, along with a rise in turnover that aligned with market trends. It's important to note that this turnover did not significantly affect our financial outcomes for that quarter. Looking ahead to the second half of the year, when a clinician departs, it directly impacts financial performance since departing clinicians are usually at full capacity. This situation puts downward pressure on revenue and Center Margin dollars throughout the quarters and into the latter half of the year. However, our clinician growth is outperforming initial expectations, though this growth will take time to counterbalance the turnover because newly hired clinicians usually require four to six months to reach full capacity. Similarly, it takes about the same time for acquired clinicians to benefit from the rate synergies offered by LifeStance. This is why we are seeing greater margin pressure in the third quarter but anticipate improvement in the fourth quarter. Regarding investments, because of our unexpectedly high clinician base for 2021, we need to invest now to support and maintain that growth. We need to process this growth by investing in our intake platform for more patients, enhancing clinician credentialing due to the increase in clinicians, and expanding billing capabilities to support an anticipated rise in visits. These investments are directly tied to our growth, and we are confident that we can scale these efforts over time as our clinicians ramp up. These initial investments account for about half of our total spending. The other half focuses on enabling further growth and improving efficiencies, such as investing in digital tools and optimizing business processes. This ensures that as we grow, we can do so on a solid foundation. Additionally, our referral channels and the demand for our services remain strong, which is why we're not planning any increased spending in marketing. In summary, while some of these costs are variable, we believe the growth in clinicians will lead to significant leverage as they reach full capacity. Overall, we are very confident that this clinician growth momentum makes it the right time to invest.

Okay. I appreciate all the color on that. Just as a follow-up, I wanted to touch on telehealth. Clearly, the traction continues to be quite strong, particularly in mental health. Can you just talk about your technology platform and where you think you differentiate and what type of traction you're seeing on the telehealth side of things?

So, from a telehealth perspective, we continue to have the majority of our visits during this period delivered via telehealth. And you see the shift in mix between in-person and telemedicine go up and down in line with movements in the pandemic. All that being said, we are very committed to this hybrid model, both during the current period and over the long term because we believe it's what delivers better health care and particularly better mental health care. So allowing that flexibility for patients to choose either in-person visits or visits online or a combination of both week-to-week is really key and a major differentiator for us against anyone else in the marketplace that's delivering exclusively one channel or the other.

And this is Mike. I would add that due to our flexible hybrid model, we expect no impact on our business even if the delta variant begins to rise and we face a bit more of a shutdown than we have been experiencing. It's important to remember that we have established rate parity in the majority of our contracts before COVID. Therefore, we are quite indifferent regarding the point of care.

Appreciate. Thanks.

Your next question is from Ryan Daniels from William Blair. Your line is open.

Good evening. Thanks for taking the questions. I want to stick with the higher physician turnover. Can you go into a bit more detail? That's obviously going to be the clear investor question on what level of turnover you're seeing versus historically maybe the percentage increase? And then how certain are you that the industry versus not being company specific? And if you're seeing it all regions or anywhere in specific in the country?

Yes. So first off, we really believe that this increased level of turnover is very clearly tied to COVID and kind of the market dynamics that are going on currently. It's both impacting multiple industries and particularly health care. And again, LifeStance is not immune to those sort of changes. Where we're seeing the uptick in turnover is really clinicians leaving for personal reasons like early retirement, family priorities, lifestyle changes, etc. And that again is very consistent with what the overall market is seeing. We make sure that we always take clinicians leaving very seriously. So, we do exit interviews with every single clinician before they leave to be able to understand really what's going on and are there things that are controllable that we can affect to change those decisions. But ultimately when we look at this, we believe that this is temporary in nature. And again, it's a point in time with this specific market. We don't want to predict when things will return to normal. Right now we're just planning in terms of how we look at the rest of the year at its same study at its current pace. That being said, despite any of that we expect that our end-of-year clinician base to be significantly above original expectations which shows that our recruiting and our acquisition efforts continue to allow us to power through and kind of beat any of those numbers.

And is there anything you guys have considered doing in the near term? Maybe this wouldn't be prudent for the long term to introduce this to the model but more retention bonuses or any investments in early warning systems internally to try to figure out if a clinician might be going through burnout if they suddenly start lowering their office hours? Things like that could be an early trigger point to help you intervene? Any thoughts on that?

Yes. We already have numerous early warning signs and triggers in place to monitor our clinician base, including monthly check-ins with all clinicians. This allows us to take both a data-driven approach to assess turnover and a personal approach to understand the individual circumstances affecting each clinician. We consistently hear that our 6-point clinician value proposition is strong and resonates with our current clinicians while attracting new ones through hiring and acquisition efforts. We have these systems set up and will continue exploring ways to improve. We are not concerned about our ability to grow and exceed expectations regarding the growth of our clinician base, as shown by our numbers this quarter.

Okay. And then last one and I'll hop off. I guess the other question would be frankly don't you guys have the volumes to kind of more easily ramp new clinicians? I would assume that there's clearly a relationship between a clinician and a patient, but that patient still needs help, regardless of if it's the same clinician or not. So can't you kind of backfill that quicker than the four to six months by just taking that patient base and kind of plugging it into telehealth or plugging it into another therapist in the clinic and just saying, hey, your clinician retired? We've got another great clinician here. Or are your clinicians the run rate base kind of at max capacity and the newer guys not ready to step up to that level, so quickly? What’s the delta there if you remind…

Yes. There's a natural ramp, no matter what. So, the company since inception has always had patient demand that exceeds clinician supply. So that dynamic hasn't changed. But what you see with new clinicians is that, when they're coming on board and they are establishing relationships with their patient base, even if those were patients that were previously being seen by another LifeStance Health clinician, the visit times are longer, right? So, fall of visits are shorter, quicker. Initial visits are longer and take more time. And so there's a natural ramp that has to happen as new clinicians get onboarded. In addition, there's a national ramp as credentialing plays out for new clinicians and we get them on panel with different payers in their region. So, I would argue that the four to six-month ramp is really best-in-class and better than what I would assume kind of the market average is.

Okay. That actually makes a lot of sense and thoughtful color that clarify it. All right. Thank you, guys.

Your next question is from Lisa Gill from JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Hi, thanks very much. I have one last question about clinicians, followed by a second follow-up. Regarding the impact of lower retention and higher clinician growth, you mentioned this, but you didn't address compensation in the marketplace. There's considerable competition currently, highlighted by several articles discussing the growing importance of mental health. Could you elaborate on whether your EBITDA assumptions include any adjustments for potentially higher rates for clinicians compared to historical trends?

Yes. So we don't expect any unusual wage inflation going on in our clinician base. I mean regular course of business is for us to be able to monitor compensation by region and actually down to the MSA to make sure that we're always competitive. And so again, we haven't witnessed any material change across the board that we would need to revise our planning expectations. And any time we do see wage increases, we're also simultaneously seeing payer rate increases. So again, that's why we don't have any changes in our kind of guidance around wage inflation that is different than our previous planning expectations.

Okay. That's helpful. And then secondly, one of the things you called out with COVID-19, right? And that - could there potentially be an incremental impact as we think about the back half of the year the Delta variant? Obviously, you're in a good position with the parity and ability to move to virtual health care. But is there anything on either the positive or negative side that you could see as we continue to see growth in COVID and the Delta variant?

We believe that when COVID first began, we managed a smooth transition between in-person care and virtual services. Demand from patients has been rising, with patient volume increasing. While some of this may be linked to COVID, it's largely due to the decreasing stigma surrounding mental health care. At the peak of the pandemic, we experienced over 90% virtual care, which has decreased to about 83% in the first half of this year. Depending on the developments with the Delta variant, I could see that number rising slightly again. However, we remain flexible and indifferent to the medium of care delivery.

One other thing I'd add there is the point is, because of our hybrid model and our ability to be both seamless and flexing from in-person to telemedicine, that allows us to avoid the whiplash that other single channel groups maybe experiencing as you have the ups and downs of the pandemic. We just power through it with no effect on the business, and it's the beauty of the model.

Okay, great. Thank you.

Your next question is from Steph Wissink from Jefferies. Your line is open.

Thank you. Good afternoon, everyone. I would like to revisit the question about the clinicians to ensure we understand you correctly. Regarding the $7 million to $9 million, is that the amount you anticipate recovering as the new clinicians join and reach full capacity? In other words, is this more of a phenomenon expected in the second half, which is why it appears in the guidance, rather than a long-term decrease in overall productivity expectations?

Well, Steph, thanks for the question and welcome to our first call. Yes. Look, we are struggling to really take this out beyond 2021 right now, because the increase in turnover that we saw midway through the second quarter, I can only project out through this year, the data that I have in front of me and the data that we have in front of us. I don't know if it's going to continue or - beyond this year, or if it's going to be shorter than the projection that we have right now, which is through the end of this year, because as Danish mentioned, this is market driven. Our exit interviews are right in line with the market where we've seen an uptick. We haven't seen an uptick in anything related to LifeStance. So I don't know how long this level of retention rate will continue. So we're only projecting out through the end of the year. And yes, it does have a different impact in the third quarter than it does in the fourth quarter, because the downward pressure is relatively the same in both. But the upward momentum is driven by the significant increase in clinicians. And as they ramp, there's going to be more contribution from those clinicians in the fourth quarter. I think it's safe to say that we would continue to see that momentum carry beyond this year, all other things being equal. But I just don't want to get out over my skis into 2022 yet.

Okay. That's fair. That's very helpful. And then I have the same question on the investment spend step-up. Just curious if some of that investment spend would have been spending we would have seen in 2022 or 2023 that based on the growth and the momentum in the business you're pulling ahead, or is this incremental to the multi-year investment structure that you had in place?

That's a great question. Here's the way that I would phrase this. As we expect the clinician growth momentum to carry forward into next year, so too will the infrastructure needed to support that higher base. So that said, we fully expect this expense level at this higher rate. We didn't expect to be at this level of clinician growth till sometime next year, which, yes, that expense is being pulled forward to some extent. But that also means that we're going to be at a higher clinician base next year and we're going to have to invest to support that base. So it's kind of hard to say what is baked in next year and not going to materialize. I think we're just on a different ramp of clinician growth and therefore, we need to catch up with our investments to support that growth. So I would expect these investments to carry forward into next year. But what I'd also say is that we're not just investing in variable expenses. Yes, we are investing in intake in clinician credentialing and in billing. But we're also investing in business operations, operational excellence activities, and digital tools, which will help us be much more efficient and drive leverage out of these investments over time. So that's also a purposeful investment in our base to ensure that we've got a very strong foundation as we enter into this new vector of growth.

Thank you very much. Very helpful.

Your last question is from Jamie Perse from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to the public markets. I have a question regarding the clinician aspect. You added approximately 675, and I want to discuss churn. This suggests that the gross additions were even better. Can you clarify how much of this growth came from acquired practices during the quarter compared to organic hiring? Additionally, could you highlight where you're seeing strength in psychiatry, psychology, and APN?

Yes. So from a kind of mix of where the clinician growth has come from on both the organic hiring and on the acquisition side, we have overachieved on the original targets. When you look at it on balance it's right now majority weighted towards organically hired versus acquired. But again, on both we have not only kind of hit our original targets but exceeded. So feel good about them both being a continued driver of adds to our clinician base both in the near-term and over the long-term. In terms of the breakdown of provider type, it remains consistent with what the overall practice group has always been and there hasn't really been any material shift towards a therapist or psychiatrist. It's been about the same ratio of about one-third on the psychiatric side about two-thirds on the therapy side.

Yes, the increase in clinicians is providing us with a significant opportunity for revenue growth. It's unfortunate that we are navigating these COVID times, which introduce some variability. However, our model remains unchanged from last year and the year before. Our value proposition for clinicians stays the same. Despite the higher turnover in the market affecting us, we have still managed to grow our net clinician base significantly more than we expected this quarter. We believe this growth will continue through the end of the year, and I don’t have any data that suggests otherwise. We have accounted for the lower retention rate alongside the higher clinician growth. It's up to you to forecast any potential changes in retention levels, but for now, we will remain practical based on the current data we have.

Ladies and gentlemen, please stand by. Your conference will resume shortly.

Hello. This is the LifeStance management team. Hello? Hello. This is the LifeStance management team. Hello.

You are now in the main conference. Please continue.

Hello. This is the LifeStance management team. Is there anyone else on the call? I apologize to everyone on the call. We encountered some technical difficulties, and I believe the last question being addressed was indeed the final question. With that, I will conclude the LifeStance Health second quarter 2021 earnings call. Thank you for joining.

Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude the Q&A and earnings call. Thank you for participating and have a great day. You may now disconnect.