Hello, and welcome to Fathom Pharmaceuticals' fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings results call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question, please press star 11 on your telephone keypad. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded. With that, I would like to turn the call over to Eric Chiarelli, Fathom's Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us this morning to discuss Thousand's fourth quarter and full year 2025 results. This morning's presentation will include remarks from Steve Basta, our president and CEO, and Sanjeev Narula, our chief financial and business officer. A couple of notes before we get started. Earlier this morning, we issued a press release detailing the results we'll be discussing during the call. A copy of that press release can be found under the news releases section of our corporate website. Further, the recording of today's webcast and the slides we'll be reviewing can also be found on our corporate website under the events and presentation section. Before we begin, let me remind you that we'll be making a number of forward-looking statements throughout today's presentation. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond Fathom's control. Actual results may materially differ from the forward-looking statements, and any such risks may materially adversely affect our business and results of operations and the trading prices for Fathom's common stock. A discussion of these statements and risk factors is available in the current Safe Harbor slide, as well as in the risk factors section of our most recent Form 10-K and subsequent SEC filings. All forward-looking statements made on this call are based on the beliefs of Fathom as of this date, and Fathom disclaims any obligation to update these statements. Later in the call, we will be commenting on both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. Specifically in the scope of this discussion, when we refer to cash operating expenses, Please note we are referring to the non-GAAP form of this measure, which excludes non-cash stock-based compensation. As always, detailed reconciliations between our non-GAAP results and the most directly comparable GAAP measures are included in this morning's press release. With that, I will now turn the call over to Steve Basta, Fathom's President and CEO, to kick us off.

Thank you, Eric. And thank you to our investors and analysts for joining our call this morning. Thank you even more to the Fathom colleagues for your diligence and dedication throughout 2025. It was a transformational year for the company, and we're now set to execute our growth and profitability plan. Let me start by summarizing the key points Sanjeev and I will be discussing today. We had a successful Q4. We delivered on expectations for both revenue and cash operating expense levels, coming in at the better end of our guided ranges. We've taken key steps in the recent two months to enhance our capital structure, reduce our interest expense, and modify our outstanding term loan obligations. As a result, we believe our cash on hand, along with anticipated future cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to satisfy all obligations under both our term debt and our revenue interest financing agreements. We're on track in guiding to operating profitability beginning in Q3 of this year and for full year, 2026. Our $320 million to $345 million revenue guidance for 2026 reflects our operating expectation of continued solid growth from our GI-focused strategy and includes an accounting related classification change, which Sanjeev will cover in more detail. Our sales organization is positioned to deliver, and we're seeing clear signs that our GI strategy is working. I'm very proud of what our team accomplished in 2025. We believe we've set ourselves up for success both financially and operationally. Beginning the update today with our financial highlights for Q4 and full year 2025, our results are in line with our pre-announced estimates from January and incrementally a bit better on expenses and on cash usage. We've delivered on the plan we set forth on our May earnings call and reiterated our earnings calls in August and in October. Net revenues were $175.1 million for the full year 2025, representing 217% year-over-year Q4 sequential quarterly growth was solid during a period of Salesforce alignment, as we had discussed in our October call. In August, we guided to $165 million to $175 million for 2025 revenue. We updated that in October to $170 to $175 million, narrowing it to the top half of the range. And ultimately, we delivered at the high end of that range. Our Q4 revenue was $57.6 million in line with our pre-release January estimate of $57 to $58 million. Cash operating expenses, excluding stock-based compensation, were $50.3 million for Q4. better than both the less than $55 million target we guided to and to our pre-announced range of $51 to $53 million. We delivered solid growth through the last three quarters of 2025 while cutting quarterly cash operating expenses by nearly 50%. Our net cash usage for Q4 of 2025 was approximately $5 million. That's 64% lower than Q3 and consistent with our expectations of reaching operating profitability beginning in Q3, 2026, and cash flow positivity in 2027. We've taken significant steps to enhance our capital structure. Our goals were, one, to reduce any financing overhang or potential risk stemming from repayment obligations or cash covenants, and two, to reduce our interest expenses. In 2025, we got the fundamentals of our business in order, growing revenue and reducing expenses. That improved financial profile enabled us to complete a successful equity offering in January and to renegotiate our debt terms as we announced today. We have modified our term loan agreement to extend the maturity date, which had previously been December of 2027. We've extended it to February 2029. time, and we've reduced our interest expense obligation and reduced the total outstanding principal amount. As a result of these capital structure enhancements, we believe our current cash plus the cash that we're expected to generate from operations in the coming years will be sufficient to meet all obligations under both our term loan and our revenue interest financing agreements. Sanji will provide further details on these items and take you through our 2026 guidance. I'm very proud of our operating and financial progress these last 12 months. The entire Fathom team is dedicated to our objectives of growing revenue while being disciplined on expenses. We're exhibiting strong momentum, which we expect to carry forward throughout 2026. A few quick notes on our commercial progress. I said before how fortunate we are to be able to positively impact the lives of so many patients. Through February 13th, over 1.1 million Vaquesna total prescriptions have been filled to more than 230,000 patients. We believe we're just starting to penetrate an enormous market. About 65 million patients have gastroesophageal reflux, of which 40% experienced inadequate symptom relief from PPIs. About 273,000 prescriptions were filled in Q4 alone. 174,000 of these were covered prescriptions, growing 21% quarter over quarter and representing approximately 64% of the total prescriptions filled in Q4, while 99,000 were filled as cash pay prescriptions. Covered prescription volume drives our revenues, while cash pay prescription volume improves physician perception of access and makes it easier for physicians to prescribe Vaquesna with confidence that their patients will be able to get the drug. Most importantly, both paths enable us to help patients in need of Vaquesna. Additionally, in November, we turned on a GoodRx offering providing an alternative payment option for patients filling Vaquesna prescriptions sent to retail pharmacies. Looking forward, we have confidence in 2026 growth. We just completed our national sales meeting and the sentiment from the field is terrific. We start March with more than 285 of our 300 sales positions currently filled, a nearly full-strength sales organization. Our strategy to drive depth and frequency of calls to gastroenterologists is solid, and we believe it will ramp utilization and writing frequency among GIs treating GERD. 2026 will be an important year for us as we drive sales growth and transition to profitability. Overall, we continue to deliver as we guided on each of our previous earnings calls. Our 2025 results ended at the better ends of our revenue and cash operating expense guidance ranges we communicated, and we believe we're on track to transition to operating profitability beginning in Q3 of this year and to reach cash flow positivity in 2027. We've taken important steps to enhance our capital structure and mitigate any covenants or repayment concerns. The sales force is nearly full strength and energized following a national sales meeting. We're well positioned to execute and deliver on our strategy in 2026. I'll now turn the call over to Sanjeev to take you through our detailed financial updates.

Thank you, Stephen. Hello, everyone. I'm pleased to report our Q4 and full year 2025 results today. i'm encouraged by the changes we made throughout 2025 and excited about what's on the horizon for 26 and beyond we have a lot of important updates on the financial front so let me get right into it steve provided some top level highlights for the quarter and i'll provide additional color commentary our revenues for q4 of 57.6 million were consistent with pre-release and demonstrated 16% sequential quarterly growth. Aligned with the full year, the quarter also came in at the very top end of our guidance. As always, covered script volume primarily driver revenue while contribution from cash scripts and inventory dynamics remained minimal and consistent. Our growth standard for Q4 came in at the high end of 55 to 60% range we provided last quarter as a result of shifting rebating mix. Our full-year gross net was within our expectations. Our gross margin remained consistent in Q4 and full-year at approximately 87%. After accounting for quarterly cash expenses, we reported a loss from operations excluding stock-based compensation of approximately 320K, a 95% improvement compared to Q3. As you can see, this is a meaningful change in the operating profile of our company. As always, please refer to this morning's press release for reconciliation between non-GAAP measures and their most directly comparable GAAP measures. Q4 cash operating expenses were about 50 million, notably favorable than the less than 55 million guidance we set forth earlier last year due to continued expense discipline similarly our full year cash operating expenses of approximately 284 million came in at low end of the range we provided on our Q3 call we ended the year with about 130 million in cash and cash equivalent which roughly reflects a 5 million cash usage in Q4 and signals a very clear path to operating profitability this year now let me turn to the enhancement of our capital structure. In January, we improved our capital structure via an oversubscribed equity offering, and today we're announcing a modification of our term debt. As a result of these deliberate steps, we believe we now have a cost-effective and sustainable capital structure to meet our business needs and all of our debt obligations. The offering raised $130 million in gross proceeds, which brought our cash balance just north of $250 million at the start of the year i am pleased to announce today that we have successfully modified the terms of our outstanding term facility which we believe greatly benefit the company going forward we reduced the remaining principal to 175 million outstanding and paid certain end of term fees and accrued paid in kind amounts from the original agreement in total we used approximately 56 million of our cash balance to streamline this facility additionally we were successful in lowering the interest rate from 12% to 9.85%. Lastly, we extended the loan maturity date from December 2027 to February 2029. Partial monthly repayments will begin in 2028, which are anticipated to reduce the outstanding principal as well as our interest expenses. We expect we will be generating positive operating cash flow beginning in 2027 in advance of these repayment obligations. Overall, these modified terms reduce our interest expense, remove near-term payment hurdles, and provide greater financial flexibility. Following our capital structure enhancement, we believe our cash on hand, along with anticipated future cash flow from operations, will be sufficient to invest in our operations as needed and to satisfy all liquidity covenants and repayment obligations. For complete clarity in our covenant, we expect our highest cash flow requirement between now and September 30th, 2027 will be approximately $120 million. The cash flow requirement is derived from our covenant in our Revenue Interest Financing Agreement which becomes effective for the first time on October 1st, 2026. All cash flow requirements relating to our term debt are substantially lower than those from our revenue interest financing agreement beginning october 1st 2027 we expect revenue interest financing agreement covenants will require that we temporarily hold a modestly high cash balance which will decline thereafter revenues increase and we make additional royalty payments to be clear the cash hold covenants between the term debt and revenue interest financing agreements are not edited we manage our liquidity to whichever covenant is the highest at any given point in time. Rest assured, for all these periods, we believe our cash on hand of approximately $190 million following our term debt modification and our anticipated cash generated from operations beginning in 2027 will be sufficient to satisfy all covenants at all times. We refer you to our 10K file earlier this morning for more information. While on the topic of our 10k i'd like to flag that in this year's document we updated the business section and risk factors to reflect the company's transition to a primarily commercial entity while a comparison against prior years will show significant text changes i want to be clear that we believe important updates are being covered during this earnings call and in this morning's press release now i'd like to move to our 2026 guidance with our gi focus strategy taking hold and our financial position enhanced we're ready to deliver in 2026. Today we are issuing guidance on several financial metrics which reflect that sentiment. Before I get into the numbers I'd like to provide clarity on the accounting related explanatory note you saw in this morning's press release. Beginning January 1st certain third-party charges will be included in costs of goods sold instead of gross-to-net adjustments. All things equal, net revenue will be higher as a result of cost moving from gross-to-net adjustments to cost of goods sold, leading to a mostly net neutral effect on our gross profit line in our P&L. Importantly, this change is simply a different classification of these costs and does not impact the underlying operations of our business. We are estimating an approximately 17 to 20 million shift in 2026 between two line items which is reflected in following guidance we anticipate 2026 net revenue will be 320 to 345 million including the estimated effect of the classification change i just described as for ghost tonight we believe the discount will be between 55 to 59 percent we anticipate gross margin will be approximately 80 percent as for spend we are anticipating cash operating expenses, excluding stock-based compensation of $235 to $255 million, which at midpoint reflects a 14% decrease compared to 2025 results. Now a few comments about the cadence of these items over the course of 2026. We believe revenue will exhibit a similar pattern to last year with approximately 40% being achieved in first half and approximately 60% being achieved in second half with quarter one being the soft order due to typical seasonality we expect expenses will be relatively stable on a quarterly basis but will reflect a modest step up from where we exited q4 2025 accounting for nearly full strength sales team new marketing initiative and full year cost of our eoe phase two trial based on anticipated revenue gross profit and cash operating expenses, we anticipate achieving operational profitability excluding stock-based compensation by Q3 and in total for full year 2026. And finally, we believe we will achieve cash flow positivity in 2027. In summary, our financial profile has transitioned meaningfully and I'm excited for this next phase. This quarter results were strong coming in at the better end of our guidance we previously provided. Our operational momentum is solid, which gives me confidence in our 2026 revenue trajectory. I feel confident in our financial position and believe we have the resources we need to execute the plan and deliver on the guidance ranges we set forth today. With that, I'll now turn the call back to Steve for his closing remarks.

Thank you, Sanjeev, for the detailed financial review. I would like to extend my thanks to everyone at Fathom for their extraordinary efforts throughout 2025. I was able to meet many of our sales team members during our recent national sales meeting, and I'm heartened by their dedication and exceptional talent. Our transition to focus on gastroenterologists and to reach operating profitability is well underway. Thank you also to our shareholders for your support and confidence. We're dedicated to delivering value to reward your investment. Operator, please open the line for questions.

Ladies and gentlemen, if you have a question or comment at this time, please press star one one on your telephone keypad. If your question has been answered or you wish to remove yourself from the queue, simply press star one one again. Again, if you have a question or comment at this time, please press star one one on your telephone keypad. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. In the interest of time, we ask that you please limit yourself to one question. One question only, and you may re-queue up for questions as time permits. Our first question or comment comes from the line of Kristen Kluska from Canton Fitzgerald. Ms. Kluska, your line is now open.

Hi, everyone. Congrats on a really strong end of the year and the work you were able to do around the interest. Definitely very favorable here. So the question I have for you this morning is just recognizing it's still very much early days. What can you tell us about the early signals that you're seeing from this strengthened sales force and strategy, especially coming out of that meeting? Are you seeing that more of the GIs that were new to your strategy are converting? And are you also seeing some early signals of growth within those current GIs where you added more touch points?

Thanks so much for the kind thoughts and for bringing us to what I think is the most important topic, actually. which is the core focus on our GI call point is the fundamental element of our growth strategy. And we are seeing consistent signs of momentum. It's interesting as you characterize the two different paths of sort of converting new writers versus growing existing writers. virtually all gastroenterologists, not quite all, but a very high percentage of gastroenterologists have already written a script for Boquesna. So we've got broad penetration within the gastroenterology community, both among physicians and among APPs with high conversion success already. What we focus on, all of our Salesforce messaging in the context of our national sales meeting, in the context of the conversations that the regional managers are having with the territory sales representatives, is all about how to grow writing frequency. We have what we refer to as an adoption ladder, where physicians try the product, and then we are trying to improve their consistency of writing, and they become consistent writers, and then we try to improve their consistency of writing, then they become adopters, and so on. And as we grow in terms of the frequency of the physician writing an NRX for Vaquesna. And what we are seeing is very clear trends on those adoption letters associated with physicians moving up in categories. So a tried physician will only have written two NRXs in the last quarter, a consistent physician will have written six or more weeks in the last quarter, et cetera. And we are seeing physicians move one category to the next consistently, where on one of the metrics, we'd only had four or 500 physicians last summer that were in the upper categories. Now we've got, you know, well north of 2,000 physicians in the upper categories. So we're seeing that adoption rate among not just the highest frequency writers, but very broadly within the GI community increasing. And that's the focus of all of our Salesforce conversations. That was the focus of our national sales meeting is how do we take physicians through that adoption ladder? It's the focus of each of our coaching conversations, and we're seeing clear evidence of it in our writing pattern. One of the metrics that I find to be helpful as we think about the long-term opportunity for this product is, you know, what is the rate of adoption we've achieved among the top few hundred writers? And there, we're already seeing that we're now passing, on average, 20% penetration in terms of their PPI volume being converted to Voquesna. When we get to 20% conversion across the broader GI community, that's where we're approaching a billion dollars of revenue potentially in GI, and that's clearly where we're headed over the next few years.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Annabelle Samimi from Stiefel. Ms. Samimi, your line is open.

Thanks for that, caller, and just following on from that comment. In the territories that you already have been pretty well aligned as far as the focus on GIs, do you have any sense yet of the dynamic of patients transitioning back to primary care if you're starting to see pull through in some of those more mature accounts? Just curious to see if that dynamic or if you've seen any pickup in the primary care area organically from that effort. And when everyone is on board and humming, do you expect an inflection or is this just a steady growth throughout the year?

So, Annabelle, that's a really important component of the long-term growth path is building beyond just GI to capture the return of patients to primary care and the growth there. um i just candidly we've not looked at it at least i've not looked at it i know our sales team is doing much more granular work on a physician by physician basis at the specific referral patterns for specific gastroenterologists to see their referring physicians and how they've adopted i've looked at it much more broadly for the entire universe of primary care physicians And we are seeing an uplift in primary care prescribing volume on a broad basis. The granularity that you're describing is very much an analysis that over time we will do much more frequently. The near-term focus is on that core gastroenterology conversion point. And the expectation exactly to your point is over the next 6, 12, 18 months, we're going to see those patients returning to primary care and see those growing. And we'll be looking at that metric more precisely. But what we are seeing on a broad basis, when we look at the total prescribing in GI and the total prescribing of primary care is an uplift in both. Even though the majority of our sales force time is going into GI, that uplift broadly in primary care prescribing volume would suggest that we are seeing exactly that effect. So was there a second after your question or did that capture it?

Expectation for any inflections once everyone is on board.

Oh, the inflection point question. Yeah, so we don't model out a specific inflection point. It's very hard to predict, you know, when does the slope change? What we are driving toward is consistent growth month over month, quarter over quarter, because we're not trying to do a sea change kind of strategy at this point going forward. 2025 was very much a year of fundamentally shifting the strategy. We were changing call points. We realigned sales territories. We went through some pretty significant change. 2026 is just going to be a year of heads-down execution. It is making sure that we are doing all of the right things. We're getting into the right offices. We're calling on gastroenterologists with the right frequency. We are delivering really good messages every time we're calling gastrologists. We're helping them with all of their access needs. We are working through the process of enabling them to write Bequesna scripts more frequently. And that drives our growth. So we don't need to inflect at any one point to a specifically different strategy. What we need to do is just execute this playbook and execute it well quarter over quarter. you know it's hard for me to predict exactly what the slope looks like on a quarter by quarter basis I do expect that we're going to get steady growth I did accelerate at some point in time it's really hard to predict that what we're seeing is all the right signs of incrementally significant adoption among physicians and incremental success that our sales reps are having in each of these

offices thank you our next question or comment comes from the line of Dennis Ding from Jeffries

Mr. Dean, your line is now open. Hi, this is Anthea on for Dennis. Thanks for taking our questions and congrats on the quarter. First on Q1, do you expect this sequential quarterly growth given the deployment of the expanded sales force? Are you seeing that seasonality plus the winter storms will still be headwinds here? And is there a plan to seek broader Medicare care coverage for RUQESA this year? And if that's baked into guidance, thank you.

So, Anthea, I'll briefly address the first part and then I'll offer Sanjeev the opportunity if he wants to add more color on the seasonality in this process. You know, we're clearly seeing the typical seasonality that occurs and the winter storms are clearly having some effect as well. We've seen slow weeks whenever, you know, the entire country is shut down because of an ice storm, that that has an impact. We don't guide to revenue on a quarter-by-quarter basis with that granularity. So while we clearly acknowledge that Q1 is the weakest of the four quarters during the year, whether it's flat or up or down, we don't provide that quarterly guidance. What we've provided is full-year guidance, but the underlying metrics that we're seeing in terms of our sales call activity, the prescribing behavior, physicians, the growth patterns that we've been describing all give us confidence in terms of where we're going to be on a full-year basis. And so, Sanjeev, if you want to chime in at all on

Yeah, I think you pointed out, Steve, that we don't provide quarterly guidance. But I think what I said this time, if you look at in our kind of prepared remarks that we said earlier, If you look at the cadence of our business on a full year basis, we'll be roughly the kind of same trajectory as we experienced in 2025. 40% of our top line revenue will be in the first half of the year, approximately 60% in the second half. And I said Q1 is going to be the slowest quarter because of typical seasonality. So I think that's kind of what we see, what that exact number is going to be. Obviously, you will hear that in the first quarter call that we talk about it, but clearly it is the slowest and softest months without the typical seasonality.

Right. And then the second half of your question, Anthea, I think was related to Medicare. So we're not anticipating a fundamental change in broad Medicare coverage where we get, you know, coverage for all Medicare patients. What we are seeing is incremental Medicare prescriptions being covered, either through medical appeals processes or through specific Medicare Part D plans. So as different Medicare Part D plans become more familiar with seeing the Quesna prescriptions being submitted, they are beginning to cover those more frequently. And so we may see over time some increase in the number of Medicare scripts that are actually being processed and being covered, but it's not a broad coverage decision, nor do we anticipate that there's going to be any broad fundamental change in a broad coverage decision on a system-wide basis for the entire population of Medicare patients.

Got it. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Joseph Stringer from Needham & Company. Mr. Stringer, your line is open.

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking our question. I just wanted to follow up on the previous question, looking at the IQVIA prescription data and the impact of seasonality. Is the magnitude of the seasonality effect this cycle in line with your expectations, I guess, all things considered? And maybe another way of asking is, are there any nuances about the launch now with the refocused effort that would make it more or less sensitive to seasonality? Thank you.

So thank you for the question. It's really hard to characterize magnitude of seasonality one year versus another. What we're seeing is very similar to the pattern that we saw last year. in terms of January being particularly late, and then February is also late. And then by March last year, it started to pick up. So we would hope that that same pattern, not just hope, we actually expect that that same pattern is going to come to fruition because you get several uplifts in March. We're coming off of the national sales meeting. Everybody's energized. We're going to have a full-strength sales organization, and physicians have had time to work through their plans. Patients who have switched plans now have time to figure out how they're going to get the drug covered. So all of those things that create noise in January as everybody's switching to a new health plan gets worked out in the first month or two. So that effect just is there every year for a branded product, and the specific magnitude of it varies by product. So we're starting to see what that pattern looks like for us, not seeing anything that's unusual in that regard. One thing we have observed is the IQVIA reported numbers seem to be somewhat greater underreporting versus our internal numbers than historic norms. We think we've identified the cause of that and that that's going to work itself out. But there may be a little bit of extra softness or delta in the IQVIA reported numbers versus what we're actually seeing. But the softness is real in January and February, and we think it starts to improve meaningfully in March. The other phenomenon that you cite is a real phenomenon, as Anthea's question also had suggested, that, you know, that winter storms clearly not just had an effect on us, had an effect on a whole bunch of companies in the context of the slowdown for a week in January and slowdown for a week in February on the Northeast. So I don't want to overstate those. That is, I think the dominant effect is just the annual seasonality that we would expect to see every year.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Paul Choi from Goldman Sachs. Mr. Choi, your line is now open.

Good morning, team. This is Daniel on for Paul. Thanks for creating a question.

So we're curious about, like, if you could provide colors on the proportions of prescriptions that are now filled to link Rx versus the new good Rx that came online. And how is the economy of the channels versus the more traditional dispensary? Thank you. So there's several different parts to that. So let me take GoodRx first. GoodRx, we just turned on in November. And what that is, is, I mean, already GoodRx had coupons on it for our copay support program. So if someone is at a pharmacy with a retail script and they need to get copay support because their insurance copay is high, they can go to GoodRx, they can get our copay card, and in many cases bring down the copay amount significantly, and in some cases down to $25, which is our target copay where possible. The other thing that we turned on with GoodRx is the opportunity to do a cash pay purchase through GoodRx, which actually still would get reported into the IQVIA script numbers because it would be dispensed from a retail pharmacy, but there's a $199 option for a patient to purchase that. That's intended really for a patient who either can't access the copay card because they're on a government plan or for whom the copay would still be too high or would still be above $199 that it gives another alternative for patients. Those numbers are still relatively small. It's a very small percentage of the overall number just got turned on in November. We'll give you a sense in future quarters if that grows to be a meaningful number. We'll give some color on that. But at this point, it's a really small number. It's not a driver of anything, but don't want anybody to be surprised that that option now exists. So we're trying to provide multiple ways for a patient in different reimbursement circumstances and different access environments to be able to know that they're going to be able to get access to the product as reasonably priced as possible. The percentage of scripts that are going through Blink, and I want to be sort of clear to distinguish between two things in this process. More than half of our prescriptions now in total are going through the Blink network to then be routed either as covered scripts to a pharmacy or as cash pay scripts to be dispensed directly through the Blink network. When a physician sends a prescription, designates prescription to go to Blink. Blink will first adjudicate whether or not the script is going to get covered. If it gets covered, it shows up in the IQ via numbers. It doesn't show up in our Blink cache numbers, even though Blink is an intermediary, facilitated that process. So about half of our scripts in total go to Blink. They get routed. If they get covered, they show up in the IQ via numbers. If they don't, they show up in our cache numbers. And as we described, something on the order of 36% of our prescriptions now are Blink-dispensed cash scripts. So that's where the two different numbers are. That Delta is scripts that are getting covered after they originally got sent to Blink. Matthew, does that address your question, or is there a second part of that?

That's fine. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Chase Knickerbucker from Craig

Howell. Sir, your line is open. Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. Just a quick one. Steve, what inning do you think we are in as far as kind of getting reps to full-life productivity or kind of where you expect them to be after kind of shifting the focus in the fall,

but also kind of changing the lines of some of the geographical lines of a lot of these territories in the fall as well? Where do you think we are as far as the inning there?

Just to clarify, Chase, what inning of Salesforce transition?

Just as far as the inning of Salesforce. Full productivity, Steve. As far as full productivity, kind of with that transition in the fall.

So I think, you know, full productivity for a sales rep comes several months after the sales rep is on board because there is a training process, there's a learning process. us. It takes a month or two to get to know the accounts in your territory and to have scheduled all of the lunch events. So we had a number of sales training classes that came in January and then our national sales meeting in February. By March, April, all of those folks are hitting the ground. I mean, they're hitting the ground immediately after their training program. But within a month or two, they've met most of the accounts in their territory and they've got their lunches scheduled and they've got momentum within each of those accounts. And you start to see the real impact. So I would, you know, I would think we are to use the baseball analogy at the seventh or eighth inning of that nine inning process of sort of the sequence of events where the sales force gets to be fully effective. And sort of since that, you know, shift to focus

in GI, have you seen kind of the increase in productivity that having, you know, more kind of condensed patient base that these prescribers would indicate? Or do you think there's kind of additional efficiency that will continue to kind of harvest over the course of this year?

Well, it's interesting. Even if the sales force is fully effective, you don't see the effect that day or that week or even that month in terms of sales. Because the majority of our prescriptions come from prior patients who have been prescribed the product who are getting refills, physicians who have previously already adopted the product who are prescribing it to an incremental physician. So what we are really doing is just moving the incremental adoption rate. So if you've sort of got a base 70, 80% volume that's happening, you're really only impacting that 20%. Now, if you become 30% more effective, that 20% goes to 26%, but it's 26% on top of a base 80% that already exists there. So when you see it, you don't see, when you see a greater effectiveness in our sales activities, you don't see an immediate change in revenue in a month. What you see is incremental effectiveness, but that incremental effectiveness is cumulative over time because the increased conversions of patients in that month aren't just scripts that month. They are a refill the next month, a refill the next month, a refill the next month, and the incremental scripts the next month are a refill every month thereafter. So you see a cumulative growing effect. You don't have ASL sources activity turn into a sea change in revenue in that next month of revenue, if that makes sense. It's sort of how these consistent-use products end up building over time.

Thank you for the thought, Steve.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Min Lee from Guggenheim Partners. Mr. Lee, your line is now open.

Hi, guys. Thank you for the questions and congressional data. One quick question for me. what is the company's long-term vision beyond Boquesna? I mean, given that you guys have established this GI network, do you guys plan to utilize this network to consider maybe future partnerships with companies that have already commercially ready GI assets? Or do you guys plan to maybe pursue any other indication beyond EOE? Thank you. So, Min, thank you for the question. So at this point, the only new indication that we're pursuing actively is EOE for Vaquesna. There are other indications and other populations that are of interest that we're evaluating. We've made no decisions. For example, we did a Phase II trial for as-needed use, haven't made a decision yet about whether or not we wish to pursue that in a Phase III program. But there are other populations that also could be of interest. Our long-term growth plan, as we have indicated, is to build a GI company that will bring in additional assets. This year is very much a year of consolidating our execution plan, building deep relationships that every gastroenterology office, the 300-person field force is going to have those deep relationships and is going to be fostering them and build a leverageable base that we could bring a second product into. We are also starting BD activities to explore what other products would make sense, either to bring in a commercial product potentially or very possibly a phase two or phase three clinical stage product that could launch in a 2030, 31, 32 timeframe before we get to our LOE date so that we're launching not just, probably a product, but two or three products over the course of the next four or five years that would build out a GI pipeline. So we're starting those conversations. We have had people bring us several ideas that are interesting. I don't feel any urgency that we need to distract our Salesforce to the second product right now. We just need to grow Vaquesna. We need to just execute on our core activity set, but we are actively thinking about what products would make sense to bring in to launch over the next two to five-year period of time, and that could mean products at various stages, from commercial down to phase two stage. But it has to be launchable within the next two to five years, so that's launched before our LOE date in 2033 or 2034.

Thank you. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Martin Oster from Raymond James. Mr. Oster, your line is now open.

Congratulations on the successful 2025 and, in particular, the recent steps you guys have taken to strengthen the balance sheet. I'm going to maybe follow up on one of the earlier questions on, appreciate your comments you guys made on Q1 seasonality. I guess I was curious if the plan resets and other factors that kind of contribute to seasonality, Does that drive an uptick in the rate of cash pay patients you'd expect to see in the quarter? And then also on the gross-to-net guidance that Sanjeev provided, I'm curious if there's any trends that are assumed within that 55% to 59% range

or if that metric is expected to be pretty steady overall throughout the year.

So thanks, Martin. I appreciate the kind thoughts and the questions. I'll take the first half, which is around cash pay, and the second half I'll give to Sanjeev in terms of GTN and sort of expectations. You know, we would expect that we'll see some uptick in the amount of cash pay patients. I don't have any guidance on, you know, how much that is. I don't think it's going to be, you know, too significant in that process, but you'll see some patients who have a high deductible plan where they will be able to get access to the product on a cash basis from Blink, and then as they work through their deductibles, they would then be able to get it covered at some later period. And so you may see some movement in cash pay percentage in the early months of each year. That's not just this year. That would just be in general as a pattern in this process. We don't provide guidance on what that mix is going to be on a quarter to quarter basis but that would be a typical feature of the seasonality patterns that one might expect separately in terms of gtn and patterns and trends on gtm sanjeev do you want to take that yeah yes

i'll take that see thank you so so martin um as you saw like in 2025 so we can narrow the guidance if you recall um in our q3 call to 55 60 percent and right through the last year we were kind of operating within that range uh quarter to quarter there are variations because you know your your plan business may change from one quarter to the other but overall it was very consistent and stable and that's kind of what i expect in the guidance that uh we gave early this morning 55 to 59 percent uh overall for the full year will be with that guidance quarter to quarter but there could be changes depending upon how the plan flows and the business flows from that perspective.

All right. Thank you so much for the call, guys.

Thank you. Thank you. Again, ladies and gentlemen, if you have a question or comment at this time, please press star 11 on your telephone keypad. Our next question or comment comes from the line of Matthew Caulfield from H.C. Wainwright. Mr. Caulfield, your line is now open.

Thank you, guys. We had one question on the landscape that came up from investors. There's a separate private company with later stage clinical development in non-erosive reflux disease and erosive esophagitis based on the PCAB formulation. And just curious on your longer term thoughts on any prospective entrance into the PCAB space later into the future and, you know, maintaining Vaquesna's positioning. Thanks again.

The thanks so much for the question. I apologize. I'm muted for a second to cough. I just have a little bit of cold. But the I think you're you're likely referring to Sabella, which is a company that has to go in development. in development. There's actually an additional PCAB that's in development that's many years out. So we, you know, clearly track competitive developments, all of the PCABs, and Togo Prezan is a good product. We expect that it will, you know, go through the NDA process, and they filed their NDA in January, you know, reasonable to expect they may be approved by early 2027, but it's not really for us to predict exactly what that timeframe is or what questions might arise. One of the things that we think about is how does this market evolve as a second entrant in the PCAB space comes in? And it's interesting, you know, there's one framework where sort of a question can arise, are two PCABs going to compete against each other? There's a different question, which is we're competing in a space of 110 million PPI prescriptions per year. And we've only done 1.1 million prescriptions overall since launch. So we're tracking now at a run rate that's running about a million prescriptions a year. So we're at 1% of the PPI market. If a second entrant comes in, they're not going to be trying to take prescriptions. We're both going to be growing the PCAB awareness in the context of the market where patients are on PPIs and are significantly in pain on PPIs. The entry of a second product in a new category actually does have a tendency to change the mindset of physicians where it's no longer do I need to pay attention to this product if you're the first entrant, but it's do I need to pay attention to this category. And that increase in category awareness, I actually think will accrue to our benefit that the majority of prescriptions tend to go to the first entrant that has more history with which physicians are more comfortable, that already has broad access. So the second entry tends to grow the big, the category broadly and tends to grow revenue for both parties in that process. So we're actually thinking that it has a net positive effect on the PCAB adoption broadly to have a second sales force out talking about PCABs and how much, you know, how much value they can bring to a patient who is still in pain on a PPI. So we're looking forward to that broadening and that shift in mindset of physicians that you really do need to adopt PPIs. We think we've got great product. We think that physicians have been really, we know physicians have been really pleased with the effect that this has for their patients and patients who take this product love it. All of that is going to reinforce the fact that the lead product in the category gets the biggest uptick.

Understood. That's really helpful. I appreciate it, and congrats again on Vaquesna's trajectory. It's great to see you.

Thank you. I'm showing no additional questions in the queue at this time. Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating in today's conference. This concludes the program. You may now disconnect. Everyone, have a wonderful day.